CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE, APRIL. 23,
SENATE. He also presented memorials of Local Branch, American Con tinental League, of Providence, R. I.; of Irish Nationalists of THURSDAY, April 23, 1914. J Cincinnati, Ohio; and of the J9hp~~yle O'Reilly Olub, of Pueblo, The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. ·Prettyman, D. D., offered the Colo., remonstrating against - th~ , repeal of the exemption clause of the Panama Canal act, which were referred to the Committee following prayer-: on Interoceanic Canals. Almighty God, the sad and tragic scenes of life have always He also presented ·a memorial of sundry citizens of Hellwig, driven us nearer to Thy side. In the midst of storm and stress N. Dak., and a memorial of .sundry citizens of Philadelphia, Pa., we have found more need of God than we have realized, at least, remonstrating against national prohibition, which were referred in the joy -and sunshine. We ·come to Thee to-day and lift our to the Committee on the Judiciary. hearts for Thy blessing. We remember that there are those He also presented ·a petition of the :Ministerial A.s.sociation of lying dead who have represente~ us, a.:r:d others ~orn with bul New Castle, Pa., praying for national prohibition, which was lets are suffering because of their devotion to their country and . referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. their obedience to the order and law of their land. We pray He also presented a petition of the Ohamber of Commerce that they may realize our sympathy and care; that they ~ay of Kauai, Hawaii, praying for an appropriatien for the construc have the Divine favor. We pray that Thy favor and blessmg _tion of a breakwater at Nawiliwili Harbor, island of Kauai, may be vouchsafed to -an in command and all in authority in Territory of Hawaii, which was referred to the Committee on this land; and that .the time may come speedily when Mexico Commerce. will again enjoy prosperity and order, when we shall have the He also presented a :Petition of sundry citizens of South Man blessing of peace. We ask for ·Christ's sake. Amen. chester, Conn., and a petition of Sangus True Blue Loyal Or The .'Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. ange Lodge, No. 149, of Lynn, Mass., praying for an appropria HARllOB TONNAGE AND CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS (B. DOO. NO. 470). tion for the celebration of the so-called "One hundred years of The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com peace among English-speaking people£," which wa-s referred to munication from the Secretary ·of War, transmitting, in partial the Committee on Foreign Relations. response to a resolution of the 9th instant, a tabulated state He also presented a petition of Interdenominational Bible ment of the number of locks the Government has constructed, College and Institute for Civic and Social Betterment, of Wash the lora.tion and cost of each. the number of men employed in ington, D. C., praying for the enactment of legislation to provide operation during .the fiscal year ended June 30, 191.3, whi?h, with peace among English-speaking peoples," which were referred to the accompanying paper, was referred to the Committee on the Committee on Education and Labor. Commerce and ordered to be printed. Mr. GALLINGER presented petitions of the congregations of MESSAGE FBOM "THE HOUSE. sundcy churches of :Milton and Cornish, in the State of New A message from the House ef 'Representatives, by J. C. South, Hampshire, praying for national prohibition, which were re its Chief Clerk announced that the House agFees to the report ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the -eommitt~e of conference on the disagreeing votes of the He also presented a petition of the New Hampshire Confer two Houses on the amendments of the Senat-e to the bill (H. R. ence of Unitarian Sunday Schools, held at Concord, N.H., pray 13453) making appropriations for the support of the Army for ing for the establishment and maintenance of peace between the the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915, and recedes from its dis United States and Mexico, which was referred to the Committee agreement to the amendments of the Senate Nos. ·24, 113, 121, on Foreign Relations. 123, 137, 161, and 164, and agrees t-o the same. Mr. LODGE. I send to the desk a telegram in the nature of a petition, which I ask to have read. "The message also announced that the House disagrees to the ..There being no objection, the telegram was ren.d, as follows:. amendments of the Senate to t:he bill (H. R. 7138) to provide BOSTON, MASS., April 22, 1914. for raisin"' the volunteer forces of the United States in time Hon. HENRY CABOT LODGE, of actual ~r threatened war, asks a conference with the Senate -united States Senate, Washington.. D. 0.: on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and had The Massachusetts Federation -of Churches, believing that it speaks appointed Mr. HAY, Mr. DENT, and Mr. KAHN managers at the for the great body of the Christian people of Ma sachusetts, solemnly protests against a war with the Mexican people. Our churches believe conference on the part of the House. that in whatever may be done in behalf of order in Mexico there should ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. be no 'thought of aggression or selfish aggrandizement. They desire such policies as shall circumscribe to the utmost the exercise of force The message also announced that the Speaker of the House and shall advance the fl'iendly and rational settlement of the present had signed the enrolled bill (S. 4980) to amend an act entitled crisis. The United Stutes, even under great provocation, must not for get its obligations 'US a leader in i:he sacred cause of international "An act making appropriations for the service of the Post Office peace. Department for the fisenl year ending June 30, 1915, and for CHARLES F. RICE, Plf'esidcnt. other purposes," approved March 9, 1914, and it was thereupon CHARLEs CONKLIN, Sccretaru. signed by the President pro tempore. Mr. LODGE presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Wor VOLUNTEER 'FORCES O'F THE UNITED STATES. cester, Mass., remonstrating against national prohibition, which The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid -before the Senate the was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. action of the House of Representatives disagreeing to the amend He also presented resolutions adopted by the Board of .Alder ments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 7138) to provide for rais men of Somerville, Mass., and resolutions adopted by the Board ing the yolunteer forces of the United States in time of actual of Selectmen of Winthrop, Mass., favoring the enactment of or threatened war, and requesting a conference with the Senate legislation to provide for the retirement of superannuated civil on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon. service employees, which was referred to the Committee on Mr. IDTCHCOCK. I move that the Senate insist upon its Civil Service and Retrenchment. amendments agree to the conference asked for by the House, 'Mr. WORKS. I hav-e received a number of telegrams from the conferee~ on the part of the Senate to be appointed by the citiz.ens of my State in the nature of petitions relative to the Chair. appropriation for the enforcement of the Federal migratory The motion was agreed to ; and the President pro tempore bird law. I ask that the telegrams may be printed in the REc UPIJOinted Mr. HITOHCOOK, Mr. LEA of Tennessee, and Mr. DU ORD withopt reading and Teferred to the Committee on Appro- PoNT conferees on the part of the -Sena-te. priations. . There being no objection, the telegrams were referred to the PETITIONS AND :hiEMORIALS. Committee on _Appropriations and ordered to be printed in the The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented a petition of the REcoRD, as follows: Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, praying SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., April £2, 191 .~. :for an appropriation for the maintenance of the Bureau of For Hon. "JOHN D. WORKS, eign and Domestic Commerce in the Department of Commerce, United States Senate, 1Vashingtot7-, D. 0.: Federal lll.rd law approved In.st October immense benefit to California which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations. already. J:ts strict enforcement by Federal officers only salvation. 9ur He also presented resolutions of the City Council -of Cairo, migratory n-ame menaced by local destructive forces. We apprec1ate Ill., extending thanks for an appropriation of $250,000 for the present emergency, but recommend appropriation of at least :plOO,OOO. enlargement and improvement of the levee system at that place, :which were referred to the Committee on Commerce. CALDrORNIA FISH AND GAME COMMISSION. Los ANGELES, CAL., .April 22, 1914. · He also presen._ted petitions of sun~-y citizens of Ne~on, Senator J. D. WonKs, Shelby County, Miller, and Angola, all m the _State of Indiana, Washington, D. 0.: and of sundry citizens of Bad Axe, Grand Rapids, Waldron, and Will you not use your influence to secure a $100,000 appropriation for Pen-y, all in the State of Michigan, prayin? ~or the adoption. of the enforcement of the Federal migratory-bird bill? Without this money that splendid pro-vision for the birds will become useless. an amendment to the Constitution to prohib1t polygamy, which Mrs. EJ. H. HUSHEn, :were referred to the Committee on the Judiciaxy~ ~resiaetlt Los Angeles Auaubon Society. 191.4. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7117
Los ANGELES, CAL., AprU 2il, 191~ The telegrams presented by Mr. AsHURsT are as follows~ Senator JOHN D. WonKs, Wash·ington, D. 0.: PHOENIX, ARIZ., ..lprU fi, 1914. AsHUll!n', Will you not use your influence to -secure ~ $100,000 appropriation "for Hon. HENRY F. the enforcement of the Federal migratory-bird bill? Without thiS nwney Sen-ate 1\.Ir. JA.l\IES. I ask the Senator if he believes the American could be entirely depended upon to take whatever steps might people have grown so unpatriotic that there would not be plenty be necessary in that particular. who would be willing to go to the front if necessary? I have here a telegram, to which I have called the attention Mr. JONES. I have no doubt that when volunteers are called of the ·senators from Colorado, who, I know, wm do everything for they will respond. that they poss~bly can and everything that is consistent with Mr. JAMES. I do not think it tends to do any good to be the jurisdiction of the United States Gor-ernment with refer casting reflections upon the people of the United States upon ence to the conditions in that State. They, I know, deplore the theory that they are not willing to go without they are in the conditions to whicll this telegram refers and will do nil command. I ha-ve not the slightest doubt that there are an they can to remedy them, and I hope they will not take the abundance who will go whene-ver it is necessary, and go to the . reading of this telegram as a reflection on them. front as privates. This telegram comes from a large representative labor or Mr. JONES. I hope the Senator did not understand that I ganization in my State, and I feel in justice to them that it made any reflection of that kind. I suggested nothing of the should be read into the RECORD. I ask that it m~y be read. sort. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Unless there is objection, Mr. THOMAS. I meant no reflection at all upon anybody. I it will be read as requested. The Chair hears none, and the know when the time comes the man who carries the gun will be Secretary will read. ' there, not only to carry the gun but to endure the sweat and the The Secretary read as follows: toil of conflict. SEATTLE, WASH., A.pl"iZ 22, 191-.f, .Mr. OLIVER. Mr. President-- Senator WESLEY M. JONES, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Washingto;~, D. 0.: Washington yield to the Senator from Pennsylvania? Whereas press dispatches reveal outrages being perpetrated on United Mr. JONES. I merely wish to say, in connection with this States citiz~ns in Colorado infinitely greater than any reported fmm Mexico; and particular matter, that I did not suppose any discussion at all Whereas the most cowardly deed of Huerta, of Mexico, fades into would arise from the statement I have made. I simply made insignificance when compared to the inhuman brutality shown in the the statement because it had occurred to me that the proper report of the finding of the charred bodies of 13 childt•en in the ruins of the devastated tent colony of the miners of Ludlow, Colo.; place to file these telegrams is in the War Department. I did and not suppose that we would have anything to do with the assign Whereas nothing is more important than that the rights and privileges ment of commissions or anything of that sort. I merely wanted of American citizens be secured to them in their homes, and in the face of an i.nvaslon of these rights all foreign complications become it to appear in the RECORD, so that when my people saw that relatively unimportant: Therefore be it other Senators had been presenting telegrams and applications Resolved. That the Central Labor Council of Seattle and vicinity, of this kind in the Senate they would appreciate the reason why representing 60,000 of the citizens of this city, in regular session I had not presented them here but had sent them to the Secre assembled this 22d day of April, 1914, does hereby protest in the most vehement manner against the excesses of the Colorado Militia, tary of War. and demand immediate intervention by the United States Government l\Ir. JA..MES. The observation I made was simply for the for the protection of the lives and property of American citizens and purpose of expressing my belief that the patriotism of this citizens of other countries menaced by the fiendish and atrocious con duct of the military establishment of the State of Colorado; and be it country had not dwindled so much that the American people in fm·ther an hour of peril to the flag or of danger to the country were Resolt:ed, That copies of these resolutions be sent to President Wilson unwilling to go except upon the condition that they were in and Senators POINDEXTER and JONES by wire, and that copies be sent the Representatives in Congress and to the press. command. S. }]). llAULT, .Mr. JONES. I have not suggested-- ROBERT H. HARLIN, l\Ir. JAMES. The volunteer soldier still lives here, and there GEO. P. LISTJifAN, Oommittee. will be plenty of them when the time comes, when they are R. LOEWE, called upon. Secretary OentraZ Labot· Co uncil. Mr. JO~~S. I want to know whether the Senator intimates :Mr. SHERMAN. I have a telegram from the Chicago Asso that anything I said suggested anything of that kind? ciation of Commerce, representing 4,000 members, in fayor or Mr. JAMES. I have not intimated it. I understood per the repeal of the law providing for the discrimination between fectly well that the Senator made no such intimation. the -vessels of this and other nations in the use of the Panama 1\fr. JONES. That is satisfactory. Canal. :( ask that the telegram may be printed iu the REcoRD Mr. JAMES. But the colloquies several times on the floor of without reading. the Senate were such that I thought it would not be out of the There being no objection, the telegram was ordered to 1Je way for me to make the observation I did. · l\Ir. JONES. I am satisfied that nobody thinks the private printed in the RECORD, as follows : citizens of this country will not volunteer whenever it is neces CHICAGO, ILL., A.pt"il 13, 1911,. Hon. L. Y. SHERMAN, sary, and in ample numbers. Senate, Washington, D. 0.: I have another telegram, in the nature of a petition- We have to-day telegraphed the President as follows: Mr. WEST. l\Ir. President-- "We wish to express heartily our appreciation of the efforts you arc The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from making to secure the repeal of the law providing for the discrimination between the vessels of this and other nations in the use of the Panama Washington yield to the Senator from Georgia? Canal. We are assured the official action of this association in favor Mr. JONES. Certainly. of no discrimination expressed in resolutions adopted March 8, 1912, Mr. 'VEST. It is really my humble opinion that all these and reaffirmed in resolutions adopted March 13 last and transmitted to you, reflects the judgment of the 4,000 firms represented in our telegrams ought to go to the Secretary of War without being membership and, we believe, the sentiment of the Central West." incorporated into the RECORD. JOSEPH H. DEFREES, Mr. JONES. That is the course I have been following. I P1·esident the Ohicago Association of Oommerce. want to say to the Senator-- Mr. SHERMAN. I present a paper, being a copy of an official Ur. SHIVELY. Mr. President-- call for a woman's national good-roads congress at Chicago .Mr. J.AllfES. If the Senator will permit me, I want to make June 13 to 20, 1914. I ask that the paper may be printed in the the statement that I ha-ve received a telegram from my home RECORD. town-I have not presented it here-from a company of sol There being no objection, the paper was ordered to be printed diers-privates, not asking to be officers-who are willing to in the RECORD, as follows: go to the front, and they authorize me to say so. OFFICIAL CALL FOR A WOMAN'S NATIO "~AL GOOD-ROADS CONGRESS AT Mr. JONES. Surely we will have such requests from all CHICAGO, JUNE 13 TO 20, 1914. over the country. A woman's national good-roads congress is hereby called bY. the Mr. OLIVER. 1\Ir. President-- International Good Roads and Automobile Association, the National Good Roads Association. the Illinois· State Good Roads Association, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair ealls the atten and the Chicago Good Roads Association to meet at Chicago June 13 tion of the Sen'ate to the second paragraph of the second sub to 20, 1914, conjointly with the Congress of Woman's Achievements diYiffion of Rule VII: and Exposition of Science, Art, and Commerce at the Coliseum. During this period the biennial convention of the General Fede~a· It shall not be in order to interrupt a Senator having the :floor for tion of Women's Clubs will be in session, with many representative the purpose of introducing any memorial, petition, report of a com women in attendance from every State of the Union. mittee, resolution, or bill. It shall be the duty of the Chair to enforce Every woman's club and every woman in any manner Identified this rule without any point of order hereunder being made by a with or interested in this biennial is most cordially invited to become Senator. a delegate to this woman's national good-roads congress. and the more than 5,000 women who are members of our nationJtl and Illinois State The Senator from Washington will present what he has good-roads associations are urged to aid in makiug this national con- risen to submit. 1\fr. JONES. I have always felt a delicacy about presenting gr~~o~h~olif:~ta~~c~1~~e't~i~~a:t~~~Jeittsv~ir~·elationship to the home, school and church and all business activities as to constitute one ot resolutions affecting the special conditions in any particular the most important economic and social problems of modern times State, because I have felt that the Senators from that State long neglected and now engrossing the attention of millions of people. 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7119 The National Goods Roads Association for 14 yeara has persistently for an investigation into existing conditions in the mining dis nnd nnceasingiy urged the importa.nre of this matter in every State and 'ferrUory,, and held durin~ this period mont than 1,000 good-roads tricts of Colorado, which was referred to the Committee on conventions. Education md Labor. .At our Illinois State good-roads convention, b.eld at the Auditorium He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Ohio pray Hotel, Chicago, on Lincoln's birthday, 1912. a. resolution was unani mously adopted indorsing the calling of the first Illinois woman•s ing for an appropriation for the enforcement of the law' relat State good-roads convention by the national and Illinois State good ing to the protection of migratory birds, which was ordered to roads assodations, and sueh convention was held on April 3 and 4 lie on the table. at the Auditorium, and was one of the most successful ever held for nny purpos~. The presiding office1:s were Miss Jane .Addams. Mrs. :Mr. ROBINSON ptesentcd a. petition of sundry churches ot Francis D. Eve-rett, Mrs. M"mne Starr Grainger, Mrs. John O'C~:mnor, the State of Arkansas, praying for national prohibition, which Mrs. Or-ville ~·. Bright. and Dr. Sophronisba P. Breckenridge. was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Among the mo-re than 00 speakers at the six sessions were Mrs. Philip N. Moore, then president of the General Federation of Woman's . Mr. BORAH. I present the petition of George D. Bisnett, of Clubs; Mrs. EmmQnS Crocker, chairman conservational department of Los Angeles, Cal., relathe to a compliance with the rules and the General Federation; Mrs. Laura B. Evans, Mrs. J"ohn Worthy, re.g~ations lands 1\Ir·s . .John Harvey Brown. Miss Florence King, Mrs. Robert L. McCall, governing applications for for homesteading l!:rs. Katl.JariM Waugh .McCulloeh, Miss Kate F. o~cannor, Miss Anna Within forest reserves. Accompanying the petition are cer Nichols, Mrs. D. IIarry Hammer, Miss J"essie I. SP3.1Iard. Mrs. Frederick tain atlidavits and exhibits. I ask. that the petition may be K.. Tracy. Mrs. F. H. Greane. Mrs" Minona S. Jones, Mrs. George H. referred to the Committee on Public Lands and that the affi Huntoon, Mrs. Myra Strawn Hartshorne, Mrs. H. M. Dunlap, Flort!nce 1\I. J.Iolbrook, Mrs. Andrew P. Coon. Mrs. 0. P. Bourland. Mrs. Belle davits and exhibits accompanying it may :D..so be referred to Squire, as welt as two of Illinois. most talented women whose life work that committee. is finished-Mary :rtlil!er and Francis Squire Potter. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so Addresses were also given b.y Col. William Jennings Bry~ United States Senator Lawrence. Y. Sherman, Right Rev. Samuel Fallows, Dr. ordered. J"enktn Lloyd Jones, Dr. U. P. Boynton, l)r. S. T. Ford, Hon. Lyrtden Mr. SHAFROTH. Mr. President, relative to the statement Evans, anct Con"'ressman Frank- Buchanan, Hon. Hugh S. Magill, Ron. I Henry M. Dunfap. Judge Frank P. Sadler, Walter D. Moody, and that has been made, that privates have not offered to enlist Arthur C. J'ackson. want to notify the Senate that I have here a telegram in fue The rapid development of the good-roads movement and recent legis~ nature of a request from a lady of Denver, Colo., tendering her latian in this and other States is in no small measure owing to the far-reaching influence of this woman's convention. services as a volunteer nurse. In addition to that she offers to With the wonderfully successful political activity of the women in give $1,000 a month for the maintenance of the nU:rse service in Illinois and other States. pointing unerringly to future achievements in the Army. So it seems that all who volunteer are not after every State, no time could be more opportune for representative women commissions. from every State convening in national congress to discuss the good roads movement iu an its nha.ses. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Colo The 'general federation · biennial at San Francisco unanimously rado desire that the telegram be read? indorsed the good-roads movement, and the present president of the general federation, Mrs. Perc:v V. Pennybacker, in a notable address at Mr. SHAFROTH. No. I ask that it may be incorporated in the- Fifth Inte.mati()oal QQod Roads Congress pledged the hearty aid the RECORD, although I have practically stated the substance of of ti'Ie 1,000;000 member!i of the general federation to the cause of it. It is from .Mrs. J. J. Brown, of Denver, Colo. good roads, both in the Nation and in the several States. This woman's congress will be asked to consider the best means of There being no objection, the telegram was ordered to be making the 1915 International Good Roads Con!P.'eSS, to be beld during printed in the REcORD~ as follows : the opening week of the Panama-Pacific Exposl.tion. a.t San Francisco, NEWl?ORT, R. L, April ~. 19~}. of the greatest benefit to women the world over. JOliN SHAFRO!l'H, No. name is nearer to the American heart than that of Abrnbam United States Senate, Washingtotl, D. 0.: Lincoln. yet no adequate memorial of him exists. Perhaps nothing ·adequate can ever be produced, but the National Good Roads Associa U they are- calling for volunteer nurses, please tender my services to tion has repeatedly in convention- indarsed the p-Fan of its president to War Department. with additional $1,000 per month for medical sup· . plies. As you know, I have had lots of experienc-e ; so, if needed, can connect the capital of every .state with the capital of every otb~r State with a great Lincoln memonal road, to be- built and maintained by the go immediately. Please answer at once. National Government, believing that such a road when so built by all MRs. J. J. BROWN, the people would become in reality a: trul·y national memorial; and to Club Cottage, Newpo1·t, R. I. so build it that for a hun.~e.d years to come it may prove to millions (Formerly of Colorado.) of people a daily reminder of him whose greatest ambition was to serve his fellow men. This woman's congress will be asked for its Mr. POMERENE presented memorials of sundry citizens. o.f indorseme:at. in the confident belief that the women of every State will Dayton, Cleveland, Lancaster, Newcomerstown, and Youngs prefer this great work to be truly representative: of all the peop-le rat~ town, all in the State of Ohio, remonstrating against national than of a few private interests. In furtherance of this great Lincoln memorial road the National prohibition, which were referred to the Committee on the Judi Goods Roads Association plans to build upon the grounds ot the ciary. Panama-Pacific E~position an exact facsimile ot the historic home of He also presented a petition of the Audubon Society of tbe Lincoln, at Springfield. In these efforts or our national association American women and Western Avenue Schools. of 1\Iansfield, Ohio, and a petition of patriotic citizens everywhE-re are invited to join at this woman's con sundry school cbildren of Minerva, Ohio, praying for an appro gress in perfecting all necessary plans. priation of $100,000 to enforce the ~ed McLean law relat The International Good Roads and Automobile Assocln.tion. The National Good Roads Association. The Illinois ing to migratory birds, which were ordered to lie on the b.1 ble. State Good Roads Association. The Chicago Good Roads Mr. McLEAN presented a memorial of Morgan G. Bulkeley Association, Arthur C. Jackson, president; Maude :m. Camp, No. 54, Sons of Veterans, Qf Forestville, Conn.• remon J"ones. secretary; Mrs. Edward L. Murfey~ treasurer. The Woman's Pacific Coast Board of Control in the strating against any change in the American flag, which was Woman's Tri-State Pacific Coast Good Roads Associa referred to. the Committee on the Judiciary. tion, Balboa Building, San Francisco; Mrs. Augustus J. Mr. WEEKS presented a petition of the No License Lea.gue, Fa~bank;;. president; Miss Margaret McGovern, secre tary-trt!asurer. Woman's Associatio-n of Commerce, Miss of Oak Bluffs, Mass., praying for national p1·ohibition, which Florence King, president; Dr. Anna R. Ranes, IWCI'etary. was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. SHERMAN. I wish to state further, Mr. President, that Mr~ BURLEIGH presented petitions of sundry citizens of I have received communications from. responsible authorities in Maine, praying for national prohibition, which were referred to the State of illinois, tendering, in all, the services of fonr regi the Committee on the Judiciary. ments, two of which are equipped and will be ready upon very Mr. ROOT presented memorials of sundry citizens of New short notice for service In no instance have I presented, nor York, remonstrating against national prohibition. which were shall I present, any petitions or coonmunications of this kind referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. to the Senate. I have uniformly :followed the course of trilns He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of New York, mitting sueh communications to the War Department, and shall praying for national prohibition, which were referred to the 'do so in the future-. Committee on the Judiciary. 1\Ir. SHERMAN presented petitions of sundry citizens and He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of New York, church organizations in the. State of lllinols, praying for na praying for the adoption of certain amendments to the postal tional prohibition, which were referred to the- Committee on th.e and: civil service laws, which were referred to the Committee on Judiciary. CiyU Service and Retrenchment. Mr.. PElNROSID presented memorials of sundry citizens of He also presented memorials of sundry citizens of Illino-is, the State of Pennsylvania, remonstrating against national remonstrating against national prohibition, which were, re ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. prohibition, which were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. BURTON presented memorials . of sundry citizens of M:r. PAGE presented a petition of sundry citizens of Wind Ohio, remonstrating against national prohibition, which were ham County, Vt. praying for the adoption of certain amend t·eferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. 1 He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Ohio pray ments to the postal and civil service law, which was referred ing for nationul prohibition, which were referred to th~ Com to the Committee on Civil Servke and Retrenchment. mittee on the Judiciary. STATUE OF ZA.CllABIAH CHAJxl>LER. He also presented a petition of Local Union No.. 2452, United 1\lr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. President, out of order I de Mine Workers of America, of New Lexington, Ohio, praying . sire to call up for consideration a concurrent resolution re- 7120 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ....L\.PRIL 23, . . ceived a few days ago from the House of Representatives line 7, after the word "assistants," to strike out tile words "as relative to the acceptance of the statue of Zachariah Chandler. rna~ be necessary" and to insert "and to have printed such of the I request that it be again read to. the Senate, after which I testimony taken before the commission and reports of the com shall ask for immediate action upon it. mission as the commission may deem advisable" so as to make The PRESIDENT pro tempore. . The Chair will call the the joint resolution read: - ' attention of the Senator from Michigan to the fact that the Resolved, ~tc., Th.at the com?llssion to C . 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 712f States. I ask unanimous consent that the bill may be consid chJ!dren slaughtered, and that being the fact it was no more ered at this time. than my duty to support the amendment offered by way of sub.: The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Virginia stitute by the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGE] and asks unanimous consent for the present consideration of the bill oppose the resolution worded so it would not reflect upon Car reported by him. Is there objection? ranza and Villa. 1\fr. BORAH. 1\fr. President, a parliamentary inquiry. If I supported President Taft in his policy of nonintervention, unanimous consent is given, does that limit the debate on the and as soon as President Wilson was inaugurated as President bill to five minutes on the part of each Senator? of the United States, on, I believe, my first visit to him. I ex The PRESIDE~...,.r pro tezbpore. The Chair thinks not; it pressed my belief that the policy of nonintervention in Mexico does not come up under the five-minute rule. was the proper policy to be followed by the Government of the l\Ir. Sl\100T. 1\fr. President, I desire to say that I am heart United States. Months afterwards I also told President Wilson ily in favor of the immediate passage of this bill. I would that I was in full accord with the policy which he had adopted be in favor of it if it carried many, many times the amount it in relation to nonintervention, and, notwithstanding the people does. of my State had suffered and millions of dollars worth of their No doubt the Senate is aware of the fact that I voted against property had been destroyed, I still would uphold him in nonin House joint resolution 251, justifying the employment by the tervention because I would rather see all the property that they President of the armed forces of the United States in enforcing ever owned or ever would own destroyed than to see the lives certain demands against Huerta. I want the Senate to under of American soldiers sacrificed, as wouLd be the case in a war stand that I did not vote against that joint resolution be with Mexico. cause I-- I had indulged the hope, Mr. President, that war with poor, 1\Ir. BORAH. l\Ir. President, has unanimous consent been distracted Mexico could ha\e been prevented, but now that war gh·en for the present consideration of the bill? is actually existing between Mexico and tile United States I The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Ohair was about to call want the President of the United States and all of the people the attention of the Senator from Utah to this rule: of this country to know that there is not a Senator in this 3. Until the morning business shall have been concluded, and so an body who will more strongly uphold the hand of the administra nounced from the Chair, or until the hour of 1 o'clock has arrived, no tion in enforcing order and law, and, if necessary, going to the motion to proceed to the consideration of any bill, resolution, report of a committee, or other subject upon the calendar shall be entertained by utmost limit of the power of this Government in order to estab the presiding officer unless by unanimous consent ; and, if such consent lish peace in that unhappy nation than myself. be o-iven, the motion shall not be subject to amendment. and shall be I simply wanted to say this much this morning so that my decided without debate upon the merits of the subject proposed to be taken up. position might be understood. We are now engaged in war. I am not going to discuss how it was brought about, and from The question is whether or not the Senate will gi\e unani now on, so long as we are at war with Mexico, so far as my mous consent to the motion to proceed to the consideration of vote shall count and so far as my influence can go, they will the bill. both be directed toward upholding the adminish·ation in its Mr. SMOOT. I thought unanimous consent had been granted. action in Mexican affairs. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. No. The PRESIDEN'.r pro tempore. If there be no amendment t o Mr. BORAH. 1\fr. President, as I understand the rule, then, be proposed, the bill will be reported to the Senate. this bill is not only not subject to amendment, but it must be The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment. passed without debate. Mr. BORAH. Mr. President, it occurs to me that at this time · The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is as to the situation with reference to Mexico bas undergone such a whether unanimous consent shall be given to the motion made change that we ought to take counsel and get our bearings ::-,s to proceed to the consideration of the bill. Unanimous consent to what we are going to do. I feel, Mr. President, that if our has not been given. citizens nre to come out of Mexico, if we are to arrange to l\Ir. 1\IAR'l'IN of Virginia. Mr. President, I asked unanimous bring tbem out as a matter of necessity, we ought to declare our consent for the present consideration of the bill. policy with reference to what this Government is going to do The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It amounts to a motion to in the matter of further interfering with the internal affairs proceed to the consideration of the bill. Is there objection? of Mexico. Mr. MARTIN of Virginia. I respectfully submit that a re I always sympathized with the President in his hesitancy quest for unanimous consent is very different from a motion to in tile recognition of Huerta. I felt that if we should ever proceed to the consideration.of a bill. I ask unanimous consent recognize Huerta it should not be with any undue haste and of the Senate to proceed now to the consideration of the House bill. . only from absolute necessity. I therefore sympathized fully with the President so long as he stood upon that proposition, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator can make that and that &lone. When, however, the President practically an request, and it is competent for the Senate to grant it. The nounced that a certain individual could not be a candidate for Senator from Virginia asks unanimous consent for the present the Presidency in Mexico, and that we would in ef!:ect censor consideration of the House bill which bas just been read. Is the elections which were to be held in Mexico, he announced a there objection? The Chair hears none. policy the inevitable logic of which was war with Mexico unless The Secretary read the bill (H. R. 15906) providing an ap · that policy was afterwards to be modified. I thought then, and propriation for ·the relief and transportation of American citi I think now, there is no escape from war unless we furnish the zens in Mexico, and the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, escape ourselyes through a change of policy. proceeded to its consideration. It proposes to appropriate When we 1mdertook to censor the internal conditions of that $500,000, to be expended at the discretion of the President, for country, and to place ourselves iu the position of determining the relief of .American citizens in :Mexico, including transporta what government consisted of in Mexico, it was necessary as a tion to their homes in the United States. consequence of that that we must some time go there to carry Mr. SMOOT. l\Ir. President, I will state that I thought out that program. The supposition was that with Huerta re unanimous consent had been granted, or I would not have asked moved there wns some other force or some other power which recognition of the Chair. In this connection, Mr. President, I would take his place and establish law and order in ~Iexico, do not believe that I will speak more than five minutes. I do and establish such a government as the Republic of the United not expect to make any extended remarks at this time, but I did States could afford to acknowledgd and recognize. Now, bow not have an opportunity, or, rather, I did not feel justified in e>er, that hope seems no longer to invite our confidence. That taking the time of the Senate in the early hours of the morning supposition would Reem no longer to exist, certainly if it exists when House joint resolution 251 was passed. it is without foundation in fact. We are at armed conflict with I was saying, when interrupted, Mr. President, that I voted Huerta and all the forces Huerta represents, which are snp against joint resolution 251 not because I was opposed in any posed to be from ten to twelve millions of the people who live way to upholding the honor and dignity of the United States in Mexico; and this morning we are advised that we are at war flag but because I believed in my heart that the facts presented with Carranza, or are to be at war with Carranza, tmless we by the President of the United States in his address delivered change our program. So the inevitable logic of this program to Congress in joint session on the 20th day of April, 1914, were is that we are upon this occasion at war with Mexico, and in not sufficient to justify a declaration of war against 1\Jexico. all probability before another 48 hours shall have passed we Mr. President, I remember what has happened in Mexico affect will be at war with united Mexico. It therefore devolves upon ing .American life and property in the past ; I could not help us as a Congress to determine, not whether or not we shall re thinking of the thousands of citizens of my own State who had qttire amends from an individual or a usurper in Mexico for an been dri\en from Mexico, many of them murdered and all their insult to the flag, but whether or not we as a Congress are property destroyed, many of their women ravished and their ready to recognize the fact that we are at war and are pre- LI--449 {7122 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. APRIL 23,. pared to curry on war with Mexico. While I was willing to Let me read to you the statement of one whom you will deem take t:::a judgment of the President so long as he y;as doing wiser and more conservatiYe than myself upon this question tho. e things which he had a right as an Executive to do even NorJik'Ul Angell, the author of The Great Illusion, one of the without our authority, when it comes to carrying on war I feel world-famed advocates of international peace, a gentleman of • the Congress, the war-declaring power, should be heard. recognized conservatism and of great ability. An article in the The-re can be no doubt of the situation. No one doubts what Evening Post a day or two ago quoted him as follows : the forces of Huerta;will do, and I apprehend no one can doubt Norman .Angell, • • • one of the foremost champions or world what the forces behind Carranza will do. If we continue to peace, asserted to-day that once intervention began in Mexico we could only expect that political momentum would sweep us along unlli we encroach upon the sovereignty of Mexico and to attack the reached the Panama Canal. peopla of Mexico, we must no longer expect to contend with the divided forces of Mexico, but we must expect to contend .l\Ir. President, had my interview appeared after this state .with the united forces of Mexico. ment I would have been charged, not with radicalism, not with Is the Congress of the United States ready or prepared to being a western jingo, but with plagiarism. That destiny would mean, said Mr. Angell, the absorption of from remain silent while this war is being carried on in this way? twenty to twenty-five mllUon alien people not of our language, laws, I do not stop to discuss the wisdom or the unwisdom of any or eivilizntian, and the lamentable result would be that this counh·y act or acts which have led us to this condition. I do not stop would have an "Irish question." either to criticize or to eulogize. I simply call your attention Again, he says : to a condition which confronts us, and that is open war with We can not take sides lu Mexican politics and assume that one the Republic to the south. party, like the constitutionalists, are the good people and the other party are the bad people. Even if it were possible to balance rights Mr. President, for myself I do not want to see war. I think and wrongs, all the evidence goes to show that one party is very little when this bill passes it ought to be declared as the policy of better fitted than another party permanently to maintain good govern the Congress of the United States that the Republic of the ment and order in the Anglo-Saxon sense. It we intervened in :Mexico, that intervention must have some meaning and some permanent result. United States will withdraw as an interfering power in Mexico, Merely to push our way to Mexico City, make a proclamation, estab will withdraw as an interfering power in Nicaragua, will with lish a Mexican party in power, and withfu·aw, would be to expose our dra\\ as a.n interfering power in Honduras, and say to the Re selves to the risk of having the imbroglio just as bad a year or five publics of Central America, "We will respect the integrity of yem·s hence. your Gove-rnments, and we wi11 approach your borders only In other words, when we have disposed of Huerta, when we when asked to do so by yourselves, and then only in a most have established ourselves in 1\lexico, who is going to take the friendly manner. We recognize and will respect the autonomy place of Huerta? Where is the power to establish law nnd of your States; we will never come to you except as an older order in Mexico? If lives are to be protected and property brother." shielded, who is going to do it? Can you not see without ques It is said that the United States to-day is the most unpopular tion that there is no power to do it other than the United member of the family of nations, and it is attempted to be said States itself if we interfere at all in the matter? in these days that it is so by reason of the fact th.at we dis Will we trust th~ lives of our citizens to Carranza and Villa, regard our treaty obligations. That is not the reason. The rea with the contending forces of the Huertistas against them, in son is that we have an utter incapacity to attend to our own the future? Will they be any safer, or will there be any more business and to leave the internal concerns of other Govern peace and quiet in that Republic with one force out contending ments to the people within those Governments. Do the people against the one that is in, than with the force which is now in of the United States understand to-day that the only Govern being contended against by the force which is out1 ment in Nicaragua is the Government which the United States We ought to say to Mexico: "We will withdraw from inter provides? Do the people understand that if the marines were ference in your governmental affairs. You can elect whom you withdrawn from the white house at Managua the Government will as your President. You can hold your elections as you which exists there would dissolve like mist before the sun? desire. You can establish such government as in the wisdom Do the people understand that we are sustaining there by force of your people you choose to establish. We recognize your a Government which is in contravention of the wishes of 80 right to work out your salvation as the other people of the per cent of the people of Nicaragua? earth have worked out their salvation; and when you have done The reason why we are unpopular and suspected is because, so, be your civilization ancl your form of government up to our while protesting friendliness to these smaller nations, we are standard or· lower, we will recognize what you have done." in subtle and devious ways constantly encroaching upon and It is not for us to censure them. There are conditions in ingratiating oursalves into their affairs, with the ultimate ob some parts of the United States ~t this very moment which ject, as the world believes, of tuking possession of them and might not make Mexico envious of oursel¥es. controlling their sovereignty. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President-- For myself, therefore, I want to see the Congress of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Idaho United States declare its policy with reference to Central yield to the Senator from Colorado? America. I took the liberty of saying the other day that, in l\lr. BORAH. I yield. my judgment, if the tlag of the United States e¥er went up in Mr. THO~IAS . In that connection I wish to call the atten .Mexico it never would come down. I do not modify my views tion of the Senator to the fact that conditions in l\fexico now this morning in the least as to that proposition. I would re are normal. With the exception of the reign of Dlaz-for that gard it a national disaster; I would regard it a national is what it was-this has been practically the .condition of crime; yet, in my humble judgment, if we go to war against Mexico since 1810. the united forces of Mexico we will be in contention with them Mr. BORAH. I agree with the Senator; and it will be the until such time that we will lose the habit of coming out. condition until 2010, the way things are now being conducted. Crowding in behind our army of intervention will go the This writer further says : American citizen and American capital, and conditions will If we go into Mexico, we shall stay there- n.rise which will make it all but impossible to come out. I He must have been a "western jingo"- understand. of course, that there are those who will criticize and the political momentum of the thing-the fact that when one gets started full swing along a certain political road it is impossible to me for saying this, but there is no reason why we should add stop even if we wish-will carry us through to the Panama Canal, to our other sius that of deception. because our entrance into Mexico will not endear the United States I do not mean by this to impeach at all the integrity of the to Spanish-Americans, and we shall find the American flag insulted, American citizens assaulted, and American property destroyed in Nic President or challenge the sincerity of his views as expressed aragua, San Salvador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, San Domingo and Ilaiti : at Mobile. I have no doubt that the President expressed his and sooner or later, since politics do not stand still, eltuer1 go back honest conviction when he said we wanted no more territory; or forward; and we shall not go back; we shall go forward. but that is a declaration we have been making from the time Mr. V.A.RDAM.AN. Mr. President-- Thomas Jefferson purchased Louisiana, when he believed it was The PRESIDENT pro tem.vore. Does the Senator from in contravention of the Constitution of the United States to Idaho yield to the Senator from Mississippi? do so; that is what we said while taking New l\Iexico and Mr. BORAH. I do. California, Hawaii, Porto Rico, and the Philippines. Neither Mr. V.ARD.AJUAN. May I ask the Senator from whom he i;3 the President of the United States nor any other individual can quoting? control the logic of e¥ents nor measure the consequences or Mr. BORAH. I was quoting from Norman B. Angell, who, curtail the results of war, and the policy which we are pur as the Senator knows, is quite a noted writer upon the subject suing-not only this administration, but the preceding one of international peace. will inevitably lead to the United States taking every foot of I quote this gentleman for the reason that undoubtedly he land from here to Panama as time goes on. I repeat that I expresses his view, as I did, not because he desires such a thing would regard it as a national crime and a national calamity but because of the inevitable result which will follow. How to do so. ever high and patriotic may be the purposes and the motives 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7123 of the President, however earnest and sincere he may have we were actually at war without the passa-se of even the pacilie been in his ·dews as expressed at Mobile, the President of the resolution. . Uniteu States can not control events once the terrible momen .Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. President-- tum of war sets in upon its devasting and theory-destroying The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from 1\Ie.s way. sachusetts yield to the Senator from 1\ebraska? I can not imagine any more sinister influence against the Mr. LODGE. I do. future happiness and prosperity of the United States than that Mr. HITCHCOCK. I think the Senator from Massachusetts we should take possession of that great territory from here to has not correctly stated the reasons why the majority side of the Panama Canal in view of the conditions which exist there. the Senate- We have been gradually encroaching upon them and establish 1\fr. LODGE. If the Senator wm give me time, I will state ing protectorates ancl doing this and that, and loaning them the real reason. money and cooperating with them in their financial aff!tirs, Mr. HITCHCOCK. I think the Seu-qtor has misstated the ostensibly for the purpose of aiding and assisting them. At the reason already. S..'lme time the great majority of them objected to our doing Mr. LODGE. I have stated only one. so. We will continue that process until the protectorate will 1\lr. HITCHCOCK. I think that is not the re!lson. ripen into sovereignty, until that which is in the first instance Mr. LODGE. It is my opinion that that is one alleged reason. mere cooperation will be complete control. 1\lr. HITCHCOCK. That was not the reason that actuated Let us reverse our action. Let there be no mistake as to the the majority in adopting the resolution. position of the United States .among the nations of the earth, 1\fr. LODGE. The reason given here why my amendment that we not only do not desire the territory of l\Ie:x:ico or Cen should not be adopted was that it enlarged the scope of the tral America or of a Central American Republic, but that we resolution and led us into war. That was the reason alleged ar.e not going to interfere in their internal affairs. If they set here. I am coming to the real reason. . up a monarchy, let us recognize it. That is their business. If Mr. HITCHCOCK. The reason alleged on this side of the they have a dictator who controls the destinies of those coun Chamber was that the resolution as drawn by the Senator from tries, that is not our business. Let us concede them the right Massachusetts and supported by other Senators on that side to settl!) their own forms of government, at least until the peo was practically in effect a criticism of the President of the ple, and not some scheming adventurers, ask our aid. This United States for the policy which he had maintained, and modern theory that the l\Ionroe doctrine devolves upon, us to go that it purported to give as a reason for the present action of in and censor the internal conditions of those countries is a the administration the reversal of the President's policy. and modern theory and wholly divorced and apart from the Monroe to place an interpretation upon the landing of the troops at doctrine as it was conceived by its originators. That doctrine, Vera Cruz which was not intended by the President in his pres as it was conceived by John Quincy Adams and Thomas Jeffer ent act. son and announced by Monroe, never contemplated for a moment that we shouid interfere with the internal affairs of those Re Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, the reason that I quoted, and I publics or do other than stand guard agaiust the encroachments do not think I misquoted it, was set forth in a very able, care of European powers. Unmolested from abroad, they were to ful, and serious speech by the Senator from Indiana [1\lr. work out their own schemes of government. SHIVELY} at the opening of the debate, and I quoted it in no 1\Ir. GALLINGER. 1\Ir. President, the Senator says that it adverse sense. The reason the Senator from Nebraska now is a modern theory, and I want to add, as an humble l\Iember cites is the one he gave and I never recognized that as any of this body, that I think it is a monstrous theory. Yet it has reason at all. I decline to admit for one minute that Senators been suggested on this tloor that it is our duty to supervise of the United States can not criticize a policy or a resolution, lWflctically the affairs of this entire hemisphere. whether it comes from the President of the United States or from anyone else. It has been done against every ·President ~Ir. BORAH. But the conclusion which I desire to make is this: Does anyone in this Chamber doubt that we are at war since I have sat in the Senate, and there is no disrespect in it. with l\Iexico this morning; not with Huerta, but with l\Iexico? Are we sent here, representatives of great States o~ the Union, Now, let the majority and the minority and the President come to be told that we are discourteous because we criticize a policy together again in conference and determine what we are going or a resolution that is offered· by somebody and that coQ:Jes to do with the facts before us. There is no one upon this side from the White House? Mr. President, we are not helpless of the Chamher, in my judgment, who will not be willing to lay dummies. We can and we shall criticize where criticism is de aside partisanship for the purpose of arriving at some wise served without discourtesy and without lack of manners. course with reference to this almost unbearable, quite deplor- . 1\Ir. HITCHCOCK. 1\lr. President-- able situation. The conditions with which we dealt the other Mr. LODGE. One moment. I should like to finish. I shall day are no longer before us. A different situation is here. not be long. War is being carried on-not purposely, I will say, as to the Mr. President, I think, I am sorry to sny I am forced to President-but it is here, and the only war-declaring power think, the real underlying reason for the exclusion of that most under the Constitution should record its mandate and define its obvious and proper proposition of the Senator from New Hamp policy. shire that the President should have authority to protect lives Mr. LODGE. 1\lr. President, it is hardly necessary, I think, and property of citizens of the United States was refused ad for me to say that, in common with every other Senator in this mission to the resolution because if it had been passed and made b-1dy, on this side and on the other side, I shall vote with the a part of the resolution it would have at once complicated his utmost cordiality for every appropriation requested by the relations with Pancho Villa and Carranza. That resolntion, if President in the prosecution of the war in which we are now amended as the Senator from New Hampshire proposed, would engaged; and, of course, this appropriation and those \.bich are have required protection to our citizens in the northern prov to follow will be supported in the same spirit and in the same inces where they have been most injured. Pt·otection in the wny. The country is at war, and we shall support the Govern northern provinces might have interfered with some of the ment in every way to enable the administration to carry that bands now operating nnder Carranza and Villa. We haYe read war to a successful and, I liope and pray, to a speedy con- the statement from our quondam ally in the newspapers this clusion. · morning. They have already drifted away, those bandit allies. But, 1\fr. President, there is one point which I think the Three or four days ago 2,700 stand of arms went over the ~Iexi President ought now to take into consideration, and upon which can border to Villa. Some have gone since, I am told; I do I think it not unreasonable that the views of Congress not know how truly. This movement at Vera Cruz was vre slwuld be heard. The other night the amazing spectacle was cipitated for the military reason, which I do not question to be presenteu of a majority of the Senate deliberately voting down a sound one from a military point of view, that it was neces a proposition to give protection to the life and property of sary to seize the arms going to Huerta, because those arms American citizens. That was the naked proposition embodied would be used against the forces of the United States, and that in the amendment of the Senator from New Hq.mpshire [l\1r. it was the most obvious military prudence to stop them for GALLINGER]. that reason, the force of which I entirely admit. Yet they 1\fr. President, I do not believe there is a single Senator of were allowed to go over the northern border at the same time. those coml)osing that majority who does not wish and desire to You can not do much more for any ally than that. And now we giYe the fullest prot ~ ction to every American citizen everywhere, see that Mr. Carranza disapproves of what bas been done at and especially in 1\Iexico. The amendment was voted down on Vera Cruz. Hardly friendly in an ally whom we are arming. the ground, as stated, that my proposition and that of the Sena It will be but a short time when those men of the north are tor from New Hampshire enlarged the resolution presented by united with the rest of Mexico against us. That is not an the committee into a declaration of war. The argument had unreasonable anticipation. Why are we not taking tlle ordi· hardly fallen from the lips of Senators on the other side when nary military precaution there?· Why are we allowing more 7124 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SEN ATE. APRIL 23, arms to go into those parts of Mexico? They will be used on this floor; but the result of the seizing of the shipment at against our armies within 30 days. Vera Cruz and the blockading of that port and of others to ·There is brought to my mind very strongly, sir, that verse prevent arms going to Huerta, while leaving it open on the that was written by James Russell Lowell at the time of the northern border to Pancho Villa, was not passed over by me Civil War: whem li.. had the honor to speak with the President before the de You wonder why we're hot, John? livery of his message and before the passage of the joint reso Your mark wuz on the guns; lution. The neutral guns that shot, John, Mr. WEEKS. Mr. President-- Our brothers an' our sons. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mas Now, we are letting the guns and munitions of war go into sachusetts yield to his colleague? Mexico and by and by the mark on the guns in northern 1\Iex· ~. LODGE. I do. ico whlch shoot our brothers and our sons will not be neutral Mr. WEEKS. I should like to call my colleague's attention marks; they will have our own marks upon them. to the fact that at a meeting of the Joint Army and Navy Board I say, Mr. President,. the time has come to stop, as we have on yesterday it is reported that they unanimously recommended stopped at Vera Cruz, the admission of any arms into the Mex that the embargo on the shipment of arms into Mexico be ican Republic. If war, alas, or armed intervention, can not be restored. So the President has the humanitarian reason, the escaped, that is the surest way to bring this war to a close. reason of self-interest, and the reason advanced by his military That is the method the President adopted in order to prevent advjsers why he should act promptly. Mr. Huerta from protracting resistance to our troops, and yet Mr. LODGE. 1\lr. President, I have said all that I desire to arms are going in freely over the border, and I do not think I say. I wished to call attention to this matter of arms because am mistaken when I say we are in danger of a fight on tha.t I felt it yery deeply, apart from my intense dislike of· seeing border at any minute. I do not want to see those people fur this country mixed up, directly or indirectly, with a man like nished with weapons. Pancho Villa. I now feel that it is utterly wrong for us to be The thing that seemed wor.se to me, more than anything else permitting arms to go into Mexico from any point or at any in the whole framing of the issue with Ue..nco, was this putting port in that territory, inland or on the seacoast. I think every us in the attitude of an ally of Pancho Villa. It is an act of military reason demands that we should put an embargo on friendship and alliance to allow him to import his arms when arms eyerywhere, and I think the distinction that we arc mak we do not al1ow them to go into the rest of Mexico. ing is one that is utterly false, both from the military and from 1\fr. S~IITH of Michigan. Mr. President-- the moral point of view. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mas Mr. FALL. Mr. President-- sachusetts yield to the Senator from Michigan? The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mr. LODGE. I do. Massachusetts yield to the Senator from New Mexico? 1\lr. SMITH of Michigan. If the Senator from Massachu Mr. LODGE. I yield to the Senator. setts will permit me, it does not require legislative action to Mr. FALL. I do not care to discuss Mexican affairs to·da.y, prevent the exportation of arms. but I think it is proper for me to state to the Senate and to Mr. LODGE. Certainly not. the Senator from Massachusetts that my advices from the Mr. SMITH of Michigan. It mny be done by Executive order, border and from what I have always had reason to belie-ve as the former policy was recently overturned by Executive and do believe to be perfectly authoritative sources are that order. the night before last Pancho Villa arrived in Juarez. reported Mr. LODGE. But, Mr. President. the extension beyond the to be on a visit to his wife at El Paso, unloaded trains at ordinary limitations of the neutrality acts was by special act of Chihuahua loaded with cattle for shipment to the United Congress. It is under the action taken here that the embargo States, took with him into Juarez, five minutes distant from was laid and that the embargo was lately raised. the public plaza of El Paso, Tex., 6,000 soldiers; that they m·e Mr. REED. Mr. President-- receiving constant shipments of arms, one of which has been The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Mas seized by the War Department, without authority from the sachusetts yield to the Senator from Missouri 7 State Department, and that the shipment of arms is not being Mr. LODGE. I do. stopped, but is continuing. Mr. REED. The Senator from Massachusetts is a distin Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, the statement that the Senator guished member of the Foreign Relations Committee. I pre from New Mexico [Mr. FALL} has just made of the presence of sume he has even been in conversation with the President with Pancho Villa with 6,000 soldiers at Juarez, right on our relation to the Mexican situation. frontier, just across the line from El Paso, seems to me an Mr. LODGE. I have seen the President three times, once additional reason for the adoption of measures to stop the with the Foreign Relations Committee, in January, and twice shipment of arms, which I hope to see taken. After Carranza's the other day. statement, what possible reason can there be for showing him Mr. REED. I wanted to ask the Senator from Massachus~-Ls any further consideration? Is it possible that we are so en· if ince the situation at Vera Cruz became acute and onr tangled with Pancho Villa that we can not put an embargo on troops were landed be has in any manner urged upon the Presi arms crossing the northern frontier? Why, Mr. President. dent the propriety of stopping the shipment af arms across the I can not believe that is the case; and: it seems to me, I repeat, border, or does be make that declaration now for the first time that on every military ground, on every moral ground, on every in the Senate? political ground we should stop arms gol.ng into Mexico just as Mr. LODGE. The President did me the honor to invite me completely as we can. with the senior Senator from Indiana [Mr. SHIVELY] to the Mr. LEWIS. Mr. President-- White House on the morning of Monday, the day the message 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Mr. President, will the Senn.tor from was read. He then read to us his message. Mr. President, I do Massachusetts permit me to make a suggestion? not like to quote private conversation and I will not do it. Mr. LODGE. I yield to the Senator from New Hampshire. Mr. REED. I would not ask the Senator to do it. , Mr. LEWIS. I beg pardon. I thought the Senator from Mr. LODGE. I was not silent as to my views·; I was not Massachusetts had concluded his remarks. silent as to the dangers which I thought were involved in the Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, I do not always place resolution as suggested. credence in statements in newspapers; it is unsafe to do so; Mr. REED. The point that I am making and that I ask the and yet, as a rule, matters connected with the transactions Senator to answer with reference to it is this: The President sent going on in Mexico as reported to us through the press are a message to Congress on Monday. On Monday it was debated accurate. I observed in the Washington Post of this very in the House of Representatives. It finally came to the Senate morning an article concerrung the matter of placing an embargo for debate, and during the progress of the debate the action was on arms going into Mexico; and, among other tfings, it says: taken which precipitated an armed conflict at Vera Cruz. That For neacly a week was the first tim~ we knew that actual hostilities were inevi Nearly a week- table. I wanted to know if since that time the Senator from For nearly a week the General Staff of the Army. headed by Ma.j. Massachusetts had in any way made known to the President his Gen Leonard Woc,d, bas urged repeatedly that a general embargo be declared. At fir.rt this step was desired not only to prevent Ute ship views or suggestions that we ought to ·take similar action with ment of munitions of war to Gen. IIuerta but also to the constitu reference to the shipment of arms across the northern border. tionalists, on account of tht' possibility that the lat1;er as wen ns the The thought occurred to me that to answer that question would other might use them against United States soldiers, sailors, and not be a breach of confidence for the Senator from Massa marines. chusetts. 1\lr. President, if that is an acc1uate statement, it seems that Mr. LODGE. Mr. President,. I have not seen the President Gen. Leonard Wood, at the head of the Army, and those asso- since the firing nt Vera Cruz; I have been somewhat detained ciated with him on the General Staff, have been for a week 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7125 importuning the President to place an embargo on arrps going members of the Committee on Fot-eign Relations not to take into Mexico, which would, of course, include the northern border s.ucb action, as it would be a backward step and the guns that as well as Vera Cru2l and other seapot'ts in Mexico. he permitted to be taken acr<>:ss the border might later b-e used Mr. GALLINGER subsequently said: I quoted a little while against our own soldiers. I told him at that time that if th.e ago a paragraph from an article in the Washington Post of this revolutionists in northern Mexico were entitled to American morning. I meant to ask unanimous consent to insert tbe entire arms they were entitled to recognition as belligerents; that it article, which is brief. I now ask that consent. would be lawful to thus recognize a state of war, but that it The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the article would be diabolical to give them arms with which to kill one will be inserted in the RECORD. another. The article referred to is as follows : Mr. REED. Mr. President~~ All.MS FREE •.ro REBELS-PRESIDENT DECLINES TO RENEW THE EM The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. OVERMAN in the chair). BARGo-URGED BY MII,!TARY MEN-CHIIllF OFFICERS OF- BOTH Does the Senator from Illinois yield to the Senator from Mis BRANCHES OF THE SERVICE llELl.lllVE IT WRONG TO PERMIT PASSAGE OF GUNS, WHICH MAY BE TURNED UPON UNITED STATES SOLDIERS souri? SECRETARY OF STATE TRUSTS CONSTITUTIONALISTS. Mr. LEWIS. I yield to the Senator~ Earnest and almost persistent efforts were made yesterday to induce Mr. REED. Mr. President, the question I asked had nothing the President to restor-e the emba1·go on arms destined for constitu tionalll!ts and offered for shipment across the Texas border, but with to do with the statement just made by the Senator from Michi out avail. The Executive has been advised that the constitutionalists gan [Mr. SMITH]. We all perfectly well understand that when are seeking large quantities of munitions of war in this country ; that the first gun was fired in Vera Cruz, just a few· hours ago, a they are willing to accept firearms and ammunition of any character and to pay for them almost any price. different situation arose; we all understand that since Car At least one member of the Cabinet has urged upon President Wilson ranza made his declaration, which appears in the newspapers the advisability-to employ no stronger term-of preventing the ex this morning~providing, now, that he made such a declara portation of these arms, which, it is contended, may at any minute be I turned against American citizens and soldiers. tion, and assume the newspaper reports to be correct-a still The Secretary of State has assured the President that he can depend different situation arose. The only- reason I asked the ques on the good faith of the constitutionallsts, and in this assurance he has tion of the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGE] was to been strongly backed up by former Gov. Lind. The Secretary has said, further, that he would regard it the extreme of folly to take any steps ascertain whether, since these new conditions had arisen, th~ which ;night offend the Carranzaists. Senator had made any suggestion to the President, and the WOOD PLEADED FOR PROCLAMATION. Senator from Massachusetts answered that, but the matter For nearly a week the General Staff of the Army, headed by Maj. Gen. which the Senator from Michigan is talking about is an entirely Leonard Wood, has urged repeatedly that a general embargo be declared. different proposition. To deb.ate as to its wisdom or its un At first this step was desired not only to prevent the shipment of muni wisdom, in the light of present co-nditions, would be. quite tions of war to Gen. Huerta, but also to the constitutionalists. on ac count of the possibility that the latter as well as the other might use profitless, I think. them against United States soldiers. sailors, and marint:!s. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I do not desire to debate it, Mr. The President has been informed by the Army authorities that reports President. I merely state it as a fact. received from the Mexican border indicate that approximately 20,000,000 rounds of ammunition and 18,000 rifles have been shipped into l\fexico Mr. LEWIS. Mr. President, I enter upon any discussion of since the embargo on such shipments was lifted last winter. It was tbis particular subject with confessed. trepidation, and am declared as signifieant that of this whole amount, 8.:.900,000 rounds of doing so because of the challenge in the speech just made by ammunition and 10,000 rifles have gone from the united States into Mexico since the orders were issued last Tuesday for the dispatch of the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LoDGE]. I ha.ve not the fiEiet to Tampico and Vera Cruz. had service in this body measurable to that of the- many emi BIG CONSIGNMENTS OVER BORDEn. nent gentlemen on the other side,_ same of whom probably While Rear Admiral Fletcht:!r was preventing the big shipment of are speaking from some degree of personal e~erience. Nor German arms and ammunition to Vera Cruz on Tuesday, the importa have I been schooled in those particu.l.ar things that have made tions were continuing in large consignments into northern territory principally across the American border. The War Department has been for or prevented war. My experience in war has been limited informed that even larger shipments got across yesterday, while the to a service in the late Spanish-American conflict of an insig department was endeavoring to get the President to issue a proclama tion to declare a total prohibition of such shipments. Still othe.r ship nificant character so far as any contribution of my own to the ments are being rushed ft·om New York and other points. conflict personally was concerned. but I should like to say, from The proposition that a proclamation be issued against all further my own point @f view as I now have tt-limi ted, perchanee, by a shipments was discussed by the joint board of the Army and Navy , Monday morning. The recommendation was introduced by Gen. Wood contracted vision and possibly surrounded by error for want and approved by Admiral Dewey and the other naval members present. of experience-that if I were asked by anyone ou the stt>ee.t what At a White House conference Monday night, which was attended by would I say was the reason more than any other why Carranza Secretary of War GaJ.'rlsgn, Gen. Wood, Assistant Secretary of War Breclctnridge, Secretary of the Navy Daniels, Rear Admiral Victor Blue has asserted, if asserted tt he has, that he will wa-r upon our Rear Admiral Bradley A. Fiske, and other Army and Navy advisers, a entry into Mexico, I would say it was the conduct of a certain ~~rs~tirgument was made in behalf of the embargo by the Army Chief set of distinguished Senators, during the debate upon a resolu It was the understanding that the President would approve the entire tion tendered by the Democrats which had for its object to give recomm~ndations. and that the general embargo would be declared be the President of the United States authority to execute fnlly fore morning. They were surprised, accordingly, on Tuesday to learn the blockade essential to the purposes he has undertaken. that it had not been proclaimed. The only explanation of the President's failure to put into effect the If it shall be asked me how I define and detail my accusation, embargo recommendation Is that the Secretary of State advised against I answer: T.h:e President of the- United States before the watch it. The Secretary, it is declal.'ed, readily approved the plan to put down ing the embargo at Vera Ct·uz; but he bas been stron"'lY opposed to shut world had for months, with a patience to be admired, with ting off shipments to the constitutionalists upon whom he is said to be a fortitude to be indorsed, bided the coadltions in Mexico, suf relying to assist the United States to ovt:!nhrow1 Huerta. fering taunts to his citizens, outrages here and there to prop Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. President, before the Senator erty, wrongs eommitted ln different directiens according to the from New Hampshire takes his seat I should like to suggest, if laws of neutrality and the laws of peace and comity. With I atn not trespassing-- all of this he reasoned, with all of this he exhibited great The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Illinois patience, hoping that conflict might be avoided by concession [Mr. LEWIS] has the floor. DoeG he yield to the Senator from o.f time. Notwithstanding all of tbi-s, there were Senators on Michigan? this floor and men occupying publie position elsewhere who gave Mr. LEWIS. Does the Senator from Michigan merely desire the world to understand that in the White House was a supine to occupy the floor for an interrogatory? gentleman~ lacking conviction on the one band or courage to Mr. Sl\UTH of Michigan. Yes. execute it on the other. That he had as a Secretary of State a Mr. LEWIS. I yield for that purpose, 1\Ir. President. neophyte in matters of war, a zealot in the dream of peace, a Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I simply desire to say that it is a mere crusruler in the divine undertaking of good will to men well-known fact-there is no dispute about it at all-that the and peace on earth; and therefore the administration was in arms and ammunition in the former Madero revolution in crusted with that manner o: men who suffer all forms of affrone Mexico and in the present revolution in the north were all pro to their Nation, all manner of outrag~ to their country, all vio cured from ·the American side of the Rio Grande. Millions of lation of law. both of national tight and person.'l.l honor to rounds of ammunition were put over there, surreptitiously and America. By this they encouraged these people in Mexico to otherwise. Inasmuch as the Senator from Missouri [1\Ir. REED] assume that whatever affront might be put upon us would never has asked the que tion as to whether representations had been be resented by Ame!'ica, because our officials in high places made to ·the President as to the undesirability of ·continuing lacked courage for action or intellig~nce to know when to exe such a situation by Executive favor, I want to say-and I think cute it. I may do it with perfect propriety, and all of the members of the When, however, people in Mexico, taking license from this form Committe.e on Foreign Relations know it-that protests by my of accusation, grew audacious enough to place an insult upon self and others were made to the President last February when the insigni-a of authority of this country, the uniform of the he threatened to remove the embargo and give arms and ammu Navy, and then there was an eff.o.r:t on the part of the President nition inore freely to Villa and Carranza., and he was urged by properly to :tesent this insult to the full magnitude and dignity .7126 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SEN ATE . APRIIJ '23, it required, what came from certain Senators on the other side We recall that when our President seized the customhouse at of this Chamber? Was there a prompt cooperation paying Vera Cruz, after receiving information from the Secretary of heecl and respect to the uniform as the representative of the the Navy as to what was transpiring at Tampico-the threat to Navy, the great defensive force of this country on the water? land arms and ammunition by Huerta to use against us-he Was there the certification to the world that the President had likewise pursued precedent. endured with patience, borne with Christian humility, sustained It will not be forgotten that in 1895 British naval forces by a manly fortit~de and self-restraint in all things that can I ~ere landed at Corinto, Nicaragua, and occupied the custom no longer be continued, and that now there comes the mo- house for 10 days, until an agreement was reached for the pny- ment when force of a legitimate kind should be resorted to and. ment of an indemnity, · we as Americans should combine with him? No. Promptly there Sir, I remind the Senate that in 1838 France declnred a 11Ntce .arose a spirit, very clearly evident, first, to haggle upon the ful blockade of ports in Mexico, and the Mexican GoYemment. terms of the reasons for the blockade; second, to designate in resenting this act, declared war and sought to ex11el the French. different form over the title uf the undertaking that the Ameri- In 1861 the British Government deman The PRESIDING .OFFICER.· The Senator from Virginia unable to give evidence that it was as keenly cutting as he asks unanimous consent that the unfinished business be tem hoped, and therefore I could not bleed for his gratification. porarily laid aside. [Laughter.] :Mr. l\IcCUMBER rose. 1\fr. GALLINGER. .Lilr. President-- 1\Ir. l\IAR'l'IN of Virginia. I appeal to the Senator from North The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Illinois Dakota in charge of the unfinished business to allow it to be yield further to the Senator from New Hampshire? laid ashle. Mr. LEWIS. I would prefer to continue my remarks, unless Mr. McCUMBER. I should like to get some informatipn as the Senator from New Hampshire has really something to say. to how long this ·discussion will probably last. The Senator [Laughter.] from Minnesota [l\Ir. NnsoN] has been attempting to close an Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, the Senator from New address which he began on the 14th. I should like to see that Hampshire does not arrogate to himself the ability or the power he gets· that opportunity this afternoon. . to say things that are so instructive and interesting as the Sen 1\lr. 1\IAR'l'IN of Virginia. It is impossible for me to give any ator from Dlinois entertains us with. I had no purpose ·of be indication as to the time that will be required. I had not an ing offensive to the Senator in the least, and I have no purpose ticipated that there would be any debate on the pending bill, now; but the Senator's offensive allusion will go into the and I would be glad to see it discontinued as soon as possible. RECORD for what it is worth. I care nothing about it. I expect to forego saying a single word, notwithstanding there Mr. LEWIS. The Senator from New Hampshire is in error is much temptation to reply to things which have been said. to assume that my allusion is offensive. It was not my purpose, I hope the debate will be ended very soon. and while I may yet indulge in a gentle passage of arms, I 1\fr. 1\fcCUl\ffiER. I ask that the unfinished business may be assure him my sword when leYeled toward him is tipped with tern porarily laid aside. a rose. If there was anything offensive in my observation, I 'l'he PRESIDING OFFICER. Unanimous consent is asked by certainly withdraw it. the Senator from North Dakota that the unfinished business be Mr. President, I resume and ask what is the question before temporarily laid aside. Is there obJection? The Chair hears us? The Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LoDoE] and my able none. The Senator from Illinois will proceed. friend, his colleague, the junior Senator from Massachusetts, 1\Ir. LEWIS. I thank the Senators. called attention to this question. The Senators from Massachu 1\Ir. GALLINGER. I understood the Senator from Illinois setts hold the administration up for criticism because it has not to say that he did not understand the question I propounded. enforced an embargo upon arms which go into certain portions Mr. LEWIS. I did not understand the Senator from New of what is known as the revolutionist country of Mexico. Hampshire and would be very glad to have him repeat it. Mr. President, I am not able to state at this time--and I Mr.· GALLINGER. I will repeat it in as brief form as pos answer the Senator from New Hampshire with absolute direct sible. I suggested that whether the contention of the Senator ness-the nature of what are the circumstances that would call is right or not that Senators on this side took an attitude that for the enforcement of the embargo or the uphoiding of it. was equivalent to declaring that war ought to have been made This much is in my mind: Speaking wholly from my point of upon Mexico by the Chief Executive, does not the Senator think vJew, unless there is absolute evidence that these leaders, so the time has now :1rrived when an embargo should be placed called revolutionists, are averse to us, that previously, having upon arms and munitions of war into l\Iexico on the northern withdrawn the embargo, closing it now would probably be an border as well as on the seacoast? nouncement to the Carranza and Villa forces that they were Mr. LEWIS. Mr. President, if the Senator from New Hamp now included in our movement of hostility, and would be the shire desires my judgment as to whether an ·embargo should very first evidence to Carran~a and Villa that .the charges made now be enforced, not that he is interested in what my opinion by Senators on the other side, that war would be made upon is, but asking the question merely to tender some justification them, had been accepted and acceded to by the President. Then for tlle assault made again this morning by the Senator from· they would be found, with all their spirit and with all their Massachusetts upon the conduct of the President at the time power, united to frustrate the effort of peace which the Presi when the President is seriously burdened with the problems con dent has attempted to put into effect by inaugurating the thing nected with the present conflict, I have this to say: Whether that has been undertaken. an embargo should or should not be lifted depends upon the Now, Mr. President, I trust, I sincerely trust, that the time knowledge of the circumstances. The President and those will not come when any condition in Mexico will make it neces charged with matters of this administration are in touch with sary for this country to declare war upon its people, and to that all sources of information. Upon this information they are end I implore that Senators on the other side shall pause to acting accord:i,ng to their wisdom, and it is not for me, and with consider some other expediency from time to time than the respect to such prescience and gift of prophecy as may endow mere political advantage to be gained by opposing the President the other side, nor for them, to assume that our knowledge is ns Commander in Chief of the American Army and Navy in his superabundant to the information that exists, -and according to undertaking. that information the President can be trusted to do that proper But, sir, I call attention to that other and more important thing which will most effectually protect this country and thing. that hope, as we may hope, that there shall not be war; and indulging, as I do, the solemn utterances of the junior Sen achie\e the purpose the ~dministration has in view. ator from Michigan [l\Ir. TowNsEND], as he invoked Hem·en ~Ir. GALLINGER. 1\fr. President-- that it may guide us away from such destiny, I say that at least The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Illinois some practicable method under the guidance of God could be yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? suggested by the distinguished Senators. It is that they have 1\fr. LEWIS. I yield for a question, because I must respect more of patriotism and less of partyism in this important hour. the desire of the Senator from Virginia. That when there shall be an effort made by the Commander in 1\lr. GALLINGER. It is not to ask a question, but to express Chief, at the head of this Republic, to accomplish an object. my admiration for the concise manner in which the Senator they certify to the world that they joiD; in aiding and assisting has answered the question I propounded a moment ago. him, and are not seeking to frustrate and obstruct hJm, and will l\1r. LEWIS. It is a source of great pleasure to me to find not for mere partisan purposes or because of political prospect in the Senator from New Hampshire some evide~ce of capacity render by false criticism and unjust calumny the President of to discriminate between that which is excellent and that which the United States, as a captain repudiated by his aids before llie :ls objectionable, for so often has he been capable of producing world. that which is politically obnoxious both in sentiment and action l\1r. President, the only object at this time we llave in l\lexico, that this judgment of his earns my admiration. as I see it, is to bring about proper reparation for an insult to 1\Ir. GALLINGER. I did not understand what the Senator the colors of the country, which in themselves speak tlle honor · said. He lowered his voice, which is not his usual custom. of the Nation. Is there a Senator who desires to oppose thnt? Mr. LEWIS. No; not except in humility in the presence of 1\fr. President, I deny the patriotism of my distinguished col greatness. [Laughter.] leagues or of any man who, in an hour like this, wou!d marshal The PRESIDING OFFICER. There must be order in the under the banner of partisan politics those who in spirit are galleries. traitors and in action are cowards. Mr. LEWIS. I merely said to the Senator in all good Senators all, I present to you that other reflection that in an nature, and we all know what a sweet-tempered gentleman is hour like this we cease as Democrats or Republicans, that we the Senator from New Hampshire, that it was a source of no longer view the man at the White House as head of any admiration to me to hear that there was something in my con political party. Let us pause as Americans and contemplate duct that meets the approval of_ the Senator from New Hamp.. him as he :::tands with his solemn responsibility. Let us salute shire. He referred to what he called my "concise manner," him as our Commander in Chief, present arms to the flag, :1nd and while his s~rcastical allusion was not lost upon me I was move in solid phalanx to his support as we certify to the wo~ld :1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE'. 7129·· that the one sentiment of the American patriot is, that in con Mr. President, I do not understand ·my commission to read flicts at home divided wo may be; but against t01·eign toe that way. To me the President is the Pt·esident of the great united we shall be. [Manifestations of applause in the gal United States, and not a Democrat or a Republican1 but. I can leries.] not surrender my opinion. Whenever I think it my duty to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The rules of the Senate for ·express my opinion I will do so without hesitation, even if I bid manifestations of approval or disapproval by the occupants am so unfortunate as to merit, or, if not merit, to receive, the of the galleries. · censure of the Senator from Illinois. Mr. FALL. Mr. President, I have listened with pleasure to Mr. President, I do not care to go into Mexican matters this the beautifully rounded periods and dulcet tones of the Senator -morning. I am more thoroughly impressed, I ! know, than is from Illinois [Mr. LEwis]. With his expressions rallying us the Senator from Illinois with the gravity of the situation, be around the flag, calling upon us not to criticize the President, cause I know about it and he does not. He seeks no informa the Commander in Chief of the Army, we all agree. But he is tion; he follows blindly where some one leads, who, he says, uttering those sentiments and making quotations which are must be informed. I seek information from whatever source. applicable to a st.:'lte· of war. Once in war, of cours~. whether I make up my mind without dictation, and I shall express it we agree or whether we disagree with any particular line of without fear. . ' .. action, it is the duty of Americans to support absolutely th~ I know what is happening in Mexico, sir; I know the com President without questioning his efforts, without hesitation for munications which are being handed to the War Department, a moment; but in one breath the Senator calls for this united and I know the appeals which are being made from the citi action and in the other insists that there Is no condition of war, zens on our border who are fearful not only of the conditions but of peace, existing. So long as it is a question of peace or which may arise in Mexico but of those which inevitably will bringing about peace or conferring or consulting with or co arise unl~ss something is done on this side of the border line, operating with the President, as the President in his message and that m the very near future. I know that our own citizens asked the Congress to do, I do not see that a Senator, intrusted on American soil are appealing to those who will not be in by a sovereign State of the Union with a commission here, tn formed. offering his counsel to the President. conferring with the Presi l\Ir. LEWIS. Mr. President. I will take only a moment, and dent, offering cooperation with the President, is precluded from, I thank the Senator from Virginia. pointing out that which he sees himself. Does the Senator The Senator from New Mexico [1\fr. FALL] seems rather un answer the Senator from Massachusetts that in time of peace, fortunate in misapprehending the purpose of my remarks. blindly, · the Senate shall not listen to any voice, shall not re First, I will assure him they had no allusion to him, but-- ceive or consider any information corning from any source, shall 1\fr. FALL. I did not understand that the Senator alluded not for one moment discuss a mistake, if it be a mistake, of the to me personally at all. State Department, which, war not being declared, has juris Mr. LEWIS. I was only going to add, if the Senator himself diction over the shipment of arms to Mexico, that we, Senators prefers to apply to himself the unction of Hamlet that "con from the great State of Illinois and the other States of this science doth make cowards of us a11," it can not move me from Union. should be considered as treacherous to the Union, as making such general application of my observations wherever traitors to the flag, because we seek information and do not they fit, and Senators, of course, must wear nn armor that they take our inspiration from and delegate om: power of legislation feel measures them. to one mnn? The President has my admiration, sir, and my support. I may I did not refer to that particular Senator, because there is no not agree with things which he does, and I reserve to myself Senator's utterances that attracted me so much as carrying with the right to express my disagreement in so long as he is at them such a sense of general patriotism and a general desire this time acting actively as the Commander in Chief of the land to free his conduct from what might be called partyism as from and naval forces of the United States. . Once admit that we time to time the Senator from New Mexico has disclosed, save are in war and the suggestion of the Senator might have some this: I have thought the point of view of the able Senator from weight. New Mexico was oftentimes blurred and that his vision was nar .Mr. President, I think it is the intention of the Senators on rowed by the geographical relation of his constituency and the this side to discuss these matters fully. That is my intention. personal interest which he felt in honor it was his duty to sus I reserve to myself the right to call the attention of the Senate tain. It may be that I am wrong; it may be that his point of of the United States or the President of the United States to view is right; but at no time, from my point of view, have I ever what I consider to be the true conditions existing in ·Mexico, urged that there should be no discussion, my point of view being and to advise with him, consult with him, and confer with him, that in the discussion, sir, of whatever is to be discussed there if he will allow me to do so; and whether he will allow me should be a higher consideration in giving aid, comfor_t, and ad to do so or not, to cooperatt with him, despite the rather sar vice, and assistance to the President, and not that other tendency castic remark of the Senator from Illinois. I am not one to of deriding and impugning his motives while he be held up to criticize that Senator, for whom I have a very high personal misrepresentations for purely partisan objects. regard, but I can not refrain from expressing the opinion that Mr. FALL. 1\lr. President, I do not know what personal there has been no partisanship, no intention to make political interest the Senator refers to that I might be influenced by. I capital, displayed by Senators. Certainly no such intention of course assume nothing from his remarks except that he may has animated me. refer to the fact that the people on the border are more directly But I want to say this to the Senator, in the light of what interested in this question than· are other Senators. is happening now in Mexico, what is happening on our border Mr. President, I have been familiar with lexico and its peo in Mexico, what is being told from one department of this Gov ple for a great many years. Thirty-two years ago I became in ernment to citizens coming het·e from all over Mexico and beg terested on the border of Mexico, and I have been interested in ging advice and asking assistance. The city to-day is full of a greater or less degree in some way, during all the 32 years, in Americans knowing something of the conditions in Mexico, Mexico and its people. I want to say to the Senator that there besieging the department, and so long as the control of affairs is no man on the floor of the Senate and no American in the remains in the State Department they are compelled to go United States who realizes to a greater degree than I do the to the State Department for advice. If they believe that the many magnificent qualities of the Mexican people. My heart State Department is not correctly advised or is acting under a goes out to those people. I have pleaded here on the floor of misapprehension of the conditions in Mexico, if they believe the the Senate for those people in Mexico, for the 15,000,000 people acts of this department or any other department will result who have been harried by the ambitions of Huerta on the one most disastrously to Americans, American interests, American hand and by the robbery and looting and bloodshed of l\fr. Villa prestige, and will inevitably lead this country into a war with and his companions on the other. inflamed Mexico, have they no right to be h~rd? Can they These two factions represent a very small proportion of the not, through some means, be heard? l\fust our mouths be .Mexican population. The mistake-and I say it with great seri closed? Must we refrain from communicating to one another ous regret-the great mistake that is being made to-day is to information given to · us by responsible, patriotic American act upon the theory that Villa, even to the people of the .state citizens? Shall we advise him? Shall we be compelled to of Chihuahua and city of Torreon and the city of Chihuahua. close our mouths, as is advocated by the Senator from Illinois, represents anything but rapine, lust, murder, and brigandage. and refuse to discuss our differences as to details simply be Mr. BORAH. Mr. President, if I understood correctly, and I cause the President of the United States chooses to send a think I did, the gravamen of the charge of my brilliant friend message to Congress and to request the passage of a resolution from Illinois [Mr. LEWIS], it was that this discussion and the worded in a certain way? Has the Senator no opinion of his discussion the other day arose by reason of a desire on this side own? Is this the commission that he bears from the people to play politics, to criticize the President, and to take partisan of Illinois? advantage of an unfortunate situation. 7130 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORP-SENATE. APRIL 23, Mr. President, I am a member of the Committee on Foreign by any nation to afford reparation, which Carranza supposes Relations. I think it bas been about 13 months since the Presi involves to some extent the dealing with him as the representa dent now occupying the White House was inaugurated, and I tive of his country. suggest to my friend he will look in vain in the CoNGRESSIONAL It will not do to say that men who come here under their RECORD for any expression of view from me during that 13 oaths sworn to discharge their duty to their States and to their months in criticism of the President's policy in Mexico, not people are playing politics b~canse they would offer their ad withstanding the fact that I had the honor to advise the Presi vice and their counsel in an emergency of t.his kind. I grant dent as to my views within some three months after be was it may be said that while we may make more mistakes than do inaugurated. I was willing, however, notwithstanding I enter those upon the majorlty side by reason of t.heir great leader taiLed a different view than the President, to permit him to being in the front, we can not be justly charged when we rlse work out his plans to a successful conclusion, if possible, unem in om' places here and offer the best that we have wlth being barrassed by any word of mine. coconspirators with the diSturbers of 1\Ie:x:ico. I .. et me read I did not rise for the purpose nor initiate this debate for a little further: the purpose of criticizing the President or of reaping any parti Victoriano Huerta is a culprit who is amenable to tho constitu ti onal san advantage. Everyone knows that there is nothing more government, to-day the only one, under the abnormal circumstances of dangerous than to i-ry to take partisan advantage of a condition our nation, which repre ent the nation al sovereignty in accord with of affairs such as confFonts us now. I had no such thought. article 128 of the political constitution of Mexico. WILT, TRY ILLEGAL AC'IS. On the other hand, I see no partisan advantage to be taken. The illegal nets committed by the usurper Huerta and his partisans But, 1\Ir. President, I rose to say that as a Nation, as a people, and those which they may yet perpetrate, be they of a.n intemutionnl during this administration and the pre\ious adminisu·ation, we character, as those which recently occun·ed at the port of 'J.'ampico 1: -. ve pursued a wrong policy toward 1\Ie:x:ico and toward Central or of a domestic character. shall be tried and pnnl<;hed wit!l inflexib ility and promptness by the tl·ibunals of the constitutlonali t government. America; that the time has come for us to reverse our policy, to 'l'he individual acts of Yictoriano IIuerta. nevet· will be suitlclent to let the people of Central .America and of all the South .Ameri involve the 1\le-x:ican nation 1n a disastrous war with tile United States, can States know that neither the President nor tlle Congress of because there is no solidarity whatsoe-r er between the so-called gove rn ment of Victoriano Iluet·ta and the 1\!exican nation, for the funda the United Stutes proposes to interfere in the internal affairs mental reason that be is not the legitimate m·gan of oUL' natlonal of those countries, let the conditions as to government be what sovereignty. they may. We should stnnd ready to protect our citizenship, Moreover:, the invasion of our tenitory and the permanency of your forces 1n the port of Vera Cruz are a violation of the ri~hts that con but that is a wholly different matter and does not in\Ol\e, when stitutes our existence as a tree and independent sovereignty and will rightly attended to, an interference with their go\ernmental drag us into an unequal war with dignity, but which until to-day wo affairs. desit·ed to avoid. But if the Senator is of the opinion that the condition now There yon see pointedly and positi\ely and unmistakably the prevailing in l\Ie:x:ico arises by reason of the discussion which cause of Carranza's ire. He lea"\""es no room for doubt, and no took place here the other night, let me refer him to the language ingenuity can be Lid of the fact that to invade Mexico for an of l\1r. Carranza himself in his note and to the language of the act of Huerta was in the mind of Carranza a cause of com President plaint If it had been my purpose to criticize the President, I could .Mr. President, it all goes back to the proposition which I ha \e done so by bringing the language of the President into suggested this morning, and which I do not nropose to repeat, one column and the language of Carranza into a parallel col only most brlefly, and that is that when we said we must be rid umn to show that the situation in 1\Ie.xico has arisen by reason of Huerta it wns necessary for us to have some one to take his of the language which the President used before the Congress place, unle~s we proposed to go there ourselves. When we find and his acts following the delivery of the message. In order that we ha\e no 011e to t.ake his place, because Carranza objects to answer as politely as I may and to refute, to some extent, the to our going there, and because he objects to what we are doing, criticism of the Senator let me call his attentiop. to a paragraph we are left no alternative in the situation other than either to or two of the communication. The President says: absolutely withdraw from Mexico, leaving the situation to the 'l'he manilest danger of such a situation was that such offenses might contending factions, or going there and taking possession. If grow from bad to worse until something happened of so gross and we are to go there, I think the Senator will concede that we intolerable a sort as to lend directly and inevitably to armed conflict. It wa.· necessary that the apologies of Gen. Huerta and his representa should meet in common council with the President, and this, the tives should go much further; that they should be such as to attract war-decHu·ing power, .should be cons-ulted before we go. tile attention of the whole population to their significance and such as It is just as certain as that the sun shall rise from dny to to impress upon Gen. Huerta himself the necessity of seeing to it that no further occasion for explanations and professed regrets should arise. day that we shall be at wru.· with Mexico unless we change our I therefore felt it my duty to sustain Admiral Mayo in the whole of his policy with reference to interfering in the internal affairs of demand and to insist that the flag of the United States should be that State. I do not say that some other in the place of the saluted in such a way as to indicate a. new spirit and attitude on the part of the Huertistas. [Applause.] President would have been wiser or more effective in his course, Such a salute Gen. Huerta bas refused. and I have come to ask your but I do say that the conditions a1·e here, tlle situation confronts approval and support In the course I now propose to pursue. us, we are at war with united l\le:rico; und the Congress of the In other words, the President believed that it was necessary United States, the war-declaring power. has a right to be heard. to take cognizance of the act of Gen. Huerta as an individual, or To further step should be taken until the Congress shall author a :_; the representative of an organized band of men who pro ize what shall be done. Neither a desire for uartisan advan fessed to represent the Government of Mexico. That is pre tage nor partisan subserviency ought to impel us to action or cisely the act to which Carranza objected. He bas said to the to close our lips upon such an occasion. President of the United States, in effect, that it was an insult I\Ir. LEWIS. Mr. President. I am at a loss, upon reflection, to the people of Mexico to even ask upon the part of this usurper, to note anything in my own obsenations that called forth the who ought to be upon trial before the Government of Mexico, particular remark of the able Senator from Idaho [Mr. to salute our flag. Let us see precisely wha.t Carranza says: BoRA.H]; but previous to my making any reference to thnt at: As the Mexican nation, the real people of Mexico have not recognized all, I delight in this place to certify that there is no man wlw e as its executive a man who had pretended to launch a blemish on its ability commands greater admiration from me than does that national integrity, drowning in blood its free Institutions ; consequently of the Senator from Idaho. As a lawyer, as a student of the the acts of the usurper Huerta and his accomplices do not signify legitimate acts of sovereignty ; they do not constitute real public func Constitution, and as a patriotic citizen, I salute him us a tions of interior and exterior relations, and much less do they represent comrade well worthy of the seat be occupies. the sentiments or the Mexican nation, which are of cofraternity toward Passing from that. I say to him that be, like all others, is the American people. amenable to that influence that is designated party organiza HUERTA NOT REPRESIJNTATIVR. tion, and he, like us all, finds emergencies too frequently that The lack of representative character of Gen. Victoriano Huertn as call for a political cooperation of effort that is not in har concerning tho relations of Mexico with the United States, as well as with Argentine RepubHc, Chile, Brazil, and Cuba, had been cleurly estab mony with the sentiments of the heart. Whnt said the able lished with justifiable attitude of these nations, who have refused to Senator as he closed his excellent address? That he think::; recognize the usurper, in this way lending a valuable moral support to he sees in the future war with Mexico if we do not cease inter the wble cause I represent. The usurped title of the President of the Republic can not invest fering with the internal affairs of that country. I say to him, Gen. IIuerta with the right to receive a demand for reparation on the as I say in my po ition to all who may have occnsion to hearken part of the United States nor the right to grant a satisfaction as due. to my utterance, yes; no country, however feeble, will tolerate I beg the Senator to reflect that it was not the speeches of any invasion into its domestic concerns without at least giving Senators upon this side that aroused the opposition of Car evidence ot re entment. Cowardice and pusillanimity would be ranza, but it was aroused because be believed that it was in the inheritance of that counh-y did they take any other course; derogation of the sovereignty and dignity of Mexico for us as but, Mr. President. it was because of that \el-y fact that the a people to demand reparation from a usurper and a traitor, President of the United States, a historian, a scholar of sa who is in no way recognized as a proper party to be called upon gacity, a patriot of reflection, sought to avoid war. In order 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7131 that there might not be evidence that this Government was -Mr. LEWIS. That may be so, sit~, but the Army and Navy assuming to enter into the internal affairs of Mexico, either to board has not at all times commanded my respect; and at control them or to subjugate them, his message came forth, this time, without further knowledge on my part of the causes propounding to the world that the object was peace, concilla- on which they may adjudge, I do not give my approval. tion-to be accomplished, however, with honor to America. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. President, I do not wish to I say to the able Senator from Idaho, no Senator on this floor, delay the prompt disposition of the bill and I do not propose to more than I, is more jealous of the prerogative of Senators. I do so. Some remarks, however, of the Senator from Illinois agree with the expression of t:pe Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LEWIS], who is usually just and fair, and· I think means {Mr. LoDGE] that we are not dummies; and I agree with the to be so in this instance, lead me to believe that he does not sentiment expressed that we are not expected to be here supine understand the true situation. The Senator from Indiana [Mr. and >oiceless, but we are to offer counsel to the President, to SHIVELY] and his colleagues upon the Committee on Foreign tender advice to the administration-that I concede; but I Relations were asked by the President as early as last August can not concede that under the guise of advice and counsel in to refrain from discussion of the Mexico problem-- the prosecution of a course that is patriotic and just the Presi- Mr. SHIVELY. Mr. President-- dent should be held up as lacking in intelligence in his course, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Michi- as lacking patriotism in his demeanor, and wanting in a just gan yield to the Senator from Indiana? conception of his duty. That would be to humiliate the under- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Certainly. taking and to hold the President up before the country as want- Mr. SHIVELY. To which Senator from Indiana does the ing in the attributes that should command the confidence of Senator from Michigan refer? his aids and counselors, instead of giving him aid and counsel. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I refer to the Senator who is now You do not tender him suggestions affirmatively that he might addressing me, and who is a member of the Committee on For follow and accept. You are coiltent, too many of you, to stand eign Relations. at a distance and condemn the undertaking that he has invited, Mr. SHIVELY. The Senator says that I was requested to to censure the utterances he has expressed, and to denounce refrain from saying anything about the Mexican problem? the beginning of the cause merely because there may be in- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I did not say the Senator was re vented factious differences in the method by which the enter- quested; I said the committee of which he is a member were prise may be inaugurated. requested to refrain from public discussion of the Mexican prob- What I do seek is that all Senators shall in their sovereign lem. Over and over again the late Senator Bacon admonished capacity exercise, of course, the prerogative as comiselors to us that we would be serving the purposes and plans of the ad the President or in dissenting from his course·; but that in such ministration best if we refrained from commenting on or criti an hour as this they shall render that which the able Senator cizing the 1\Iexican situation. I think that all my colleagues from Idaho says is their right, counsel and advice, not obstruc- on the committee-and there are· several of them sitting before tion and humiliation, and not visit contempt and ignominy upon me-will bear testimony that after that request was made by him before the world merely because they may differ from the the Executive we took no action and did refrain from discus partisan attitude occupied by him. sion of the Mexican question. It was not only not discussed I say to the Senator he is right in the assertion that if ever on the floor of the Senate, but it was not discussed in the Com we enter into the internal affairs of Mexico for the purpose of mittee on Foreign Relations; and perhaps we appropriately controlling them we will bring on the >ery conflict to which he refrained from discussing it,. although the situation was impor alludes, and that is why I rose to say that where the Senator tant and acute, because the President said he was working out from Massachusetts now asserts that we should promptly make his own policy, and the Secretary of State joined in the request. war upon the revolutionists by changing our policy heretofore When the matter came formally before the Senate the other applicable to them we should turn ourselves around and do evening, for the first time an objection was made to the request the Yery thing that the Senator says would be ha~ardous and of the Senator from Indiana, acting as chairman of the Com enter into the whole internal affairs of Mexico which is to mittee on Foreign Relations, to proceed by unanimous consent invite the very conflict so forced. If there be any other invi- to consider the House joint resolution. That objection was tation which should warn and menace him, it is that class of made by the Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. LIPPITT], only observation that has been indulged in from hour to hour and that the committee might have full oppQrtunity for considera from day to day since this unfortunate undertaking on the part tion of the subject. of Senators upon the other side, who invite all Mexico to believe Mr. SHIVELY rose. that our ultimate purpose is to declare war upon Mexico, enter Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Am I not correct in that state- into her internal affairs in the spirit of retaliation, insurrection, ment? and enmity; and it is against that which I raise my voice. Mr. SHIVELY. The Senator knows that it was not the reso- 1\lr. WEEKS. Mr. President, before the Senator takes his lution in the form it came from the House that was favorably sent-- reported by the majority of the Committee on Foreign Rela- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Illinois tions of the Senate, but a substitute, the resolving parts of yield to the Senator from Massachusetts? which had been approved not only by the majority of the com- 1\fr. LEWIS. Yes; I yield to my friend from Massachusetts. mittee but also by the minority members of the committee Mr. WEEKS. I should like to know if the Senater really present, with possibly a single exception. It was unanimous thinks it is making war upon Mexico if we place an embargo consent for immediate consideration of the resolution so re upon arms and ammunition which are being sent into Mexico ported that was refused by the objection. to be used against our forces? Mr. SMITH of 1\Iichigan. My recollection is that the House Mr. LEWIS. I answer the Senator and say to him that it joint resolution was laid before the Senate and the Senator is my judgment, speaking only for myself, that, after the state- from Indiana requested unanimous consent to consider the ments which have come from certain Republican Senators in joint resolution without reference to the committee. their opposition to the joint resolution designed to give the Mr. SHIVELY. If the Senator please, the request for imme President the right to use the Army and ~avy to enforce diate consideration. of the resolution as it came from the House reparation for the insult at Tampico, asserting, as they did, was refused. Later unanimous consent for immediate consid· that it was time to make war on Mexico, calling Carranza by eration of the resolution subsequently reported by the Commit name a murderer and cutthroat, calling Villa by name a mur- tee on Foreign Relations, was also refused. The resolution thus derer, cutthroat, and brigand, and that it was against those reported, and consideration of which was refused, was a sub that we should now level our enmities and our sense of re- stitute for the House joint resolution. o: course the substitute taliation, if now an embargo be put upon arms after the doors reported was under the number of the House joint resolution. had been thrown open to these men and no reason assigned Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Well, 1\Ir. President, at any rate for the change, their followers would attribute it to be the the Senate, by its refusal to proceed that night when the re direct result of accusations made on the other side and to the quest was first made, found itself quite unanimously in boa invitation given to us to make war on these men, and probably tility to the House joint resolution, and a substitute was adopted they would then think that they should ally themselves with here as a result of the delay and the discussion, and that sub Huerta to avenge themselves upon America, which they believe stitute was finally passed, it seemed to me, with great prompt is now about to enter on the very course which the Senators ness. So I do not believe that this side of the Chamber is on the Republican side said was our cour~e of duty-invasion open to the charge that they have unduly delayed action, or and subjugation or Mexico. That is my reply. that the discussion has been other than helpful and kincliy, Mr. WEEKS. All I have to say about that is that the opinion even in our wide differences of opinion, toward the President. of the Senator from Illinois is directly contrary to the Army We are >ery anxious that the bill now before the Senate shall and Navy board DIIl.d to all other military officers of the Gov- be disposed of promptly. There will be need for the money ap ernment.. • propriated to help the unfortunate Americans out of Mexico, 7132 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. APRIL' 23, and: I do not want to see it hampered by any amendment. I COAS11" ARTll.LE&Y CORPS. sJ1onld like to see that bill pass now, and in onder to hasten its First Lleut Henning F. Colley, Coast Artillery Corps, to be passage I resume my seat with a disposition to avold further captain from April 19, 1914, vice Capt. ·Richard T. Ellis, de· delay. tache~ from his proper command. Mr. SHIVELY. In the spirit of expediting action I expre:ss the hope that we may now have a vote on the bilL A~POINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. The bill was ordered to a third reading, read the third time,. MEDICAL RESERVE CORPS. and passed. GRADING AND INSPECTION OF GnA.IN. To be first lieutenants with· rank from A.pl"·i~ 21, 1914. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair lays before the George Edward Barksdale, of Virginia. Senate the unfinished business the title of whic-h will be stated. Theodore David Burger, of Washington.. The SECRETARY. A bill (S. 120) to provide for the inspection Ralph D'.Alma Denig, of New Jersey. and grading of grain entering into interstate commerce, and to Charles. Marvin Fox, of Illinois. secure uniformity in standards and classifications of grain, and Ola11ence Gunter, of Arizona. for other purposes. Lasher· Hart, at California. Harry Hungate Robinson, of Washington. TOLLS. PANAMA CANAL Charles Wallace Sale, of Virglnla~ 1\Ir. SHIVELY. I move that the Senate proceed to the con Thomas Hugh Scott, of Oklahoma. sideration of executive business. Fedor Leo Senger, at New York. Mr. GALLINGER. Will the Senator withhold that motion Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright, of Pennsylvania. just for a moment to allow me to make a request? PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. Mr. SIDVELY. I withhold the motion for that purpose. 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Mr. President. three days ago I submit· Commander Philip Andr:ews to be a captain in the Navy from ted a resolution, being Senate concurrent resolution 342, which the 26th day of March, 1913. went over under the rule. I ask that it lie o-ver until to-mor· Surg. Norman G. Blackwood to be a medical inspector in the· row without prejudice. Navy from the 29th day of September, 1913. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the concur Chaplain George E. T. Stephenson with the rank of lieu· rent resolution referred to by the Senator from New Hamp· tenant (junior grade) to be a chaplain in the Navy with the shire- will lie o-ver without prejudice. rank of lieutenant from the 16th day of April, 1914. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Po.STM.ABTERS. 1\Ir. SHIVELY. I renew ·IDY. motion that the Senate proceed ALABAMA. to the consideration of execntive business. Samuel F. Clabaugh to be postmaster at Tuscaloosa, .A.la., in The motion was agreed to, and the Senate proceeded to the place of R. B. Dugger, deceased. consideration of executive business. After 35 minutes spent in ALASKA... executive session the doors were reopened. and (at 3 o'clock T. H. Deal to be postmaster at Fairbanks, Alaska, in place of and 30 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, E. H. Boyer. Incumbent's commission expired April19, 1914. Friday, April 24, 1914, at 12 o'clock m. .ARKANSAS. Alonzo T. Barlow to be postmaster at Booneville, Ark., in NOMl.L~ATIONS~ place- of John P. Roberts. Incumbent's commission expired E!D'ecutive nominations received by the Senate April 23, 1914. February 15, 1914. FmsT .A.asrsTANT CoMMISSIONER OF p A.TENTS. Claude D. Brown to be postmaster at Huntington, Ark., in place of Claude R. Ferguson, resigned. James T. Newton, of Georgia, to be Fil:st Assistant Oommis. George C. Cooper to be postmaster at Devall Bluff, Ark., in sioner of Patents, by promotion from Assietant Commissioner place of Julius E. Wells. Incun1bent's commission expired of Patents, vice Robert T. Frazier, deceased. · April 25, 1914. AssiSTANT CoMMissiONER oF PATENTS. Arthur R. Hill to be postmaster at Ashdown, Ark., in place of Robert F. Whitehead, of Virginia, to be Assistant Comm.is· Clyde H. Dickinson, resigned. sioner of Patents, vice James T. Newton, promoted. T. W. Sparks to be postmaster at Harrisburg, Ark., in place a!' Charles R. Freneh. Incumbent's commission expired April 5, UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS. 1914. Stephen 0. Perry, of Portland, Me., to be United States Edward T. Varner to be postmaster at Searcy, Ark., in place attorney for the district of Maine, vice Robe~t T. Whitehouse, of Ra.nsei S. Coffman. Incumbent's commission expired April whose ter!ll has expired. 19, 1914. Charles A. Karch, of Springfield, Ill., to be United States- Lowell B. White to be postmaster at Benton, Ark., in place of attorney, eastern. district of Illinois, vice William E. Traut· Robert C. Vance, resigned'. mann, whose term has expired. ARIZONA. UNITED STATES MARsHALs. Patrick G. Madigan to be postmaster at Benson, Ariz., in John J. Bradley, of Chicago, Ill., to be United States marshal place of Horace P. 1.1errill, declined. for the northern district of Illinois, vice Luman T~ Hoy, re. CALIFORNIA. si~~. Thompson, of Spring City, Tenn., to be United States Harrington Brown to be posbnaster at Los Angeles, Cal., in marshal, eastern district of Tennes ee, vice James G. Crumbliss~ place of W. H. Hm:rison. InclliDbent's commission expired Jan· ary 26, 1914. whose term has expired. J. H. Garnet" to be postmaster at Hollister, Cal., in 'Place of REGISTER OF THE LAND .OFFICE. ~ R. P. Stephenson. Incumbent's commission e:x::pired ~!arch 8, Frank Laning, of Fresn{), Cal., to be register of the land office 1914. at Visalia, Cal., vice George W. Stewart, term expired. Thomas E. Klipstein to be postmaster at Bakersfield, Cal., in Miles Wallace, who was confirmed for this offire January 27, place af Reuben A. Edmonds, l'emoved. 1914, declineC. apnointment. w. M. Redman to be postmaster at Lancaster, Cal. Office PROMOTIONS IN THE ARM-Y. became presidential January 1, 1913. !1\"FANTRY ARM. William T. Tschiersch.ky to. be postmaster at Tracy, Cal., in place ot George L. Frerichs. Incumbent's comm1 sion expired! Chaplain Oscar J. W. Scott, Twenty-fifth Infantry, to be April 21, 1914. chaplain with the rank of captain from April 17, 1914. after coNNECTICUT. seven years• service. Simon c. Bradley to be postmaster at Fairfield, COnn., in CAVALRY ARM. place of George H~ Smith. Incumbent's commission expires l\lay First Lieut. Consuela A. Seoane, Third Cavalry, to be captain 4, 1914. from April 19, 1914, vice Capt. Walter F. Martin, Second Cav- ' Edward F. Daly to be postmaster at Portland, Conn., in place airy, detached from his proper command. of James A. Pitkin. Incumbent's commission expired March E'IELD ARTILLEnY AR'M. 16, 1914. First Lieut. Leslel' J. 1\fcNair, Fom~th Field Artillery, to be FLORIDA. captain from April 19, 1914, vice Capt. Robert Davis, Fifth Robert J. Dunnam to be postmaster at Fellsmere, Fla. Office Field Artillery, detached from his proper command. I>ecame presidential April 1, 1914. 191-h CONGEESSION.AIL RECORD-SENATR t7133 Thomas H. 1\Iilton to be postmaster at Trenton, Fla. Office Frank K. Wylie to be postmaster at Princeton, Ky., in place became presidential April 1, 1914. of Martin U. Lamb. Incumbent's commission expires May 19, 1914: GEORGIA. LOUISIANA. Nellie B. Brimberry to be r>ostmaster at Albany, Ga., in place of Nellie B. Brimberry. Incumbent's commission expired De Albert Hanson to be postmaster· at Berwick, La., in pL'lce o:Jl cember 16, 1913. E. S. Rogers. Incumbent's-commission- exph·ed' April 4, 19~4. William M. McElroy to be postmaster at Morcross, Ga., in W. J. M. Tilley to be postmaster at Oil _City, La., in place of place of Florence McAfee. Incumbent's commission expired· Gustave A. Morse, deceased. January 27, 1913. Mary E. Vandegaer to be: pos-tmaster. at Many, La., in place o1! Johnnie B. Roddenbery to be postmaster at Thomasville, Ga., Leo Vandegaer, deceased. in place of F. D. Dismuke, jr. Incumbent's commission ex MAINE. pires May 24, 1914. Frank E. DeCoster to be postmaster at Norway, Me., in place IDAHO. of Charles S. Akers. Incumbent's commission expires May 18, :UJ. C. D:rr1s to be postmaster at Milner, Idaho, in r>lace o:f ·1914. Charles E. Baird. Incumbent's commission expires May 17, . Wallace 0. Estes to-!Je postmaster at B:moks, 1\fe., in place of 1914. ¥rank H: Lane, resigned. J. A. Edlefsen to be postmaster at Driggs, Idaho, in place of 1 D. 1\I. Murnhy to be postmaster at Rockland, Me., in .vlace of' W. B. Stone, declined. :William 0. Fuller. Incumbent's commission. ex]fired April 20, James V. Hawkins to be postmaster at Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, ! 1914. in place of S. D. Beebe. Incumbent's commission e::\.'1>ired Feb- l Frank 0. Wellcome to be nostmaster at Y.annouth, Me., in ruary 7, 1914. :place oe Frnnk:· H. DtinJtwater, resignmL L. A. Mecham to be postlllllSter at Preston, Idaho, in place of c MASSACHUSETTS L R Etans, reiDD~ ed. 1 • R. S. Story to be postmaster at Burley, Idaho, in place of: , James H. Lakeman fu I>e postmaster- at Ipswich, 1\fass., in Cllrist H~ Schenk. Incumbent's. commission expired January 12, 1 place of Luther Wait. Incumbent's commis sion expired Feb~ :ml4. : ruary 21, 1914. ILLINOIS. MARYLAND. Charles C~ Clymore to be postmaster at Vienna, Ill., in: place William D! Lovell to- be- postmaster at New Windsor, Md., in of William H. Gilliam. Incumbent's commission. expired. De-- place of Albert El. Lamhert. Incumbent's commission exnirrur cern ber 20, 1913. l\fay 18, 193..4.. P. B. Colwell to be postmaster at Wyoming, Ill., in place of MICHIGAN. Lewis A. Castle, removed. F1red A. Ehtinger to be postmaster at Washburn, Ill., in r>Iace Lewis Hart to be postmaster. at Fowlerville, Mich., in place of C. -S. Holman. Incumbent's commission expires May 18, of Aaron W. Cooper. Incumbent's commission expired March 1914. ' 28, 1914... Edgar· H. I:.ittle to be postmaste:r at East St. Louis, ill., in · J. B. Murphy to be postmaster a:t Wa:yne, Mich., in place of. place of Joseph B. Messick, resigned. Edwin A. Smith, remoTed. Davin McFadden to be postmaster at Milford, TIL, in place of Edson Po1·ter to be postmastet~ at Blissfield, 1\fich., in place of Kugene L'Hote, resigned. John D: Smead. Incumbent's commission expires April 28, 1Dl4. Charles s .. l\lurphy to be postmaster at warren, Ill., in place Nathaniel Schmid to be postmaster at Manchester, Mich., in of Walter Stickney; Incumbent's commission expired December place of Thaddeus B. Bailey~ Incumbent's commission expired 20, 1913. :April 13, W14. William Clyde Stewart to be r>ostmaster at Kirkland, ill., in . MINNESOTA. place of Lulu R. Anderson. rncumbent's commission expired : Gunstein D. Aakhus to be postmaster at Erskine, Minn. Office- January 11, 1913. i became· presidential January 1, 1914. INDIANA. · • Thomas H. Bunn to be postmaster at Pine- rslan d; Minn., in C. E. Garriott to be postmaster at Scottsburg, fud., in plnce 1place of George H. Tome. Incumbent's commission expires of J'.ohn W. Cooperider. Incumbent's.commission· expired April ·l\Iay 25, 1914. 20, J014. G. EJ. Comstock to he postmaster at Houston. Minn.. in place Onen...A. Rawlings-to be postmaster at Portland~ Ind., in place ' of. Caspar F. Schonlau. Incumbent's cCJIIliilissian expired Jan,.. of. Albert J: Frost. Incumbent's. commission e:x!pires· Kay 25'! ; uary 24, 1914. 1914. 1 1\fichael El. Gurtner to. be postma-ster at Preston, ~finn., in George W. Zinky to be postmaster at South Bend, Ind., in , p1ac& of Laurence O'Brien, removed~ place of Cadmus EJ. Crabill, r esigned. 1 Otis W. ~;ewton to be post master at Morton, l\linn., in piace IOWA. of R obert B. Henton, resigned. Leonard M. Bond to be postmaster at Menlo, Iowa. Office Edward A. Purdy to be postmaster at l\Iinneapolis, Minn.,. in beca me pres-idential Janmwy L. 1D14. 'piace-- of Wllllrrm•D. Hale, resigned. Edwin Le Roy Neville to be postmaster at Orient; Iowa. 1 May B: R"Osing to be postmaster- at Cannon Falls, 1\Iinn·., in Office became· presidential Januury 1~ 1914. place of Peter A. Peterson. Incumbent's commission expired j.A:pril' 1"3, 1914. ~-~SAS. • MISSOURI. Alonzo Glass to be nostmaster at Waverly, Kans., in.. place of Ha.ITey P. Donnell. Incumbent's commission expires May 17, , Thomas J. Board m be postmaster. at Oronogo, Mo., in place 1914. !of Henry·A . .A..yr.e. Incumbent's commission expires May 18. 11>!4. G eo r~e H. Good.holm to be postmaster at Lindborg, Kans., in • Willinm R.. Bowles to be- .vostmaster at Greenfield, Mo., in place of Eben Ca rlsson. Incumbent's commission expired April !glace of Charles F. Newman, declined. 13~ 1014. William R. Jackson to be postmaster at :Mexico, Mo., in r>lace A. H. Hecox. to be postmaster at I.ola1 Kans., in place of: of.. E. S. Wilson, resigned. Charles B. Spencer. Incumbent's commission expires June 14,. I John F. Kincannon to be postmaster at A...nrlerson.. l\Io., in 1914. 1 place of James A. Roark. Incumbent's commission ex pires .April C. C. Holbrook to be postmaster at Waterville, Kans., in place 29, 1914. of ;.\lichael Delaney. Incumbent's commission· expires May 4:, Uriah A. McBride to be postmaster a t ' Varrensourg, l\Io., in 1914. place of J. H. Smith. Incumben.t's- commission ex.pires l\Iay- 24, W. D. Sturgis tu be postmaster at Kanopolis, l{"ans. Office 1914. became presidential April 1, 1914. J. K. Saunders to be postmaster at Pierce City (late Peirce lmNT.lTCKY. 'City), 1\Io., in place of Alexand~r T. Boothe, to change name of office. W. C. Sleet to be postmast:eE. at M.i.ddlesbora, Ky., in. place· of :William H. Tm·ner, removed. MONTANA. James D. Via to be postmaster at Clinton, Ky., in place· o:t l\1-ary E. Meinhardt to be postmaster at Bainville, Mont. George W. Bury. Incumbent's c.o.m.mission expires· May-19, 1914. Office became presidential Janua.ry 1, 1914. James T. Wilhoit to be·nostmaster at Versailles, Ky., in place Exzelia J. Pepin to be postmaster at Havre, Mont., in place of of John W. Berryman. Incumbent's commission expired March Thomas W. McKenzie. Incumbent'"s_ c.ommission expires May 7, 1914. 31, 1914. 7134' ·CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE. APRIL 23,. NEllllASKA. POP.TO RICO. W. N. Corder to be postmaster at Morrill, Nebr., in place of Rodulfo Blanco to be postmaster at Rio Piedras, P. n., in Walter L . .1\linor, resigned. place of Victor 1\f. RiYern, removed. Andrew G. Nelson to be postmaster at Norfol~, Nebr., in place SOUTH DAKOTA. of John R. Hays. Incumbent's commission expires l\fay 4, 1914. Stepllen D. Phillips to be postmaster at Albion, Nebr., iu GeorO'e 1\I. Barnett to be postmaster at Cnrthage, S. Dak., in place of George W. Williams. Incumbent's commission expireJ place of Alexander W . Paulson. Incumbent's commission ex March 5, 1914. pired January 10. 1914. NEW HAMPSHrRE. John C. Borcherding to b2 postmaster at Presho, S. Duk., in place of John W . Jordan, resigned. George E. Fellows to be postmaster at Raymond, N. H., in Charles P. Dahlen to be postmaster at Oldllam, S. Dak. place of Forrest E. Page, deceased. Office became presidential October 1, 1913. Harry pono-.;-an to be postmaster at Hcckla, S. Dak., in place NEW JEllSEY. of John D. Lyon. Incumbent's commission expired February Eugene S. Burke to be postmaster at Morristown, N. J., in 25, 1914.. place of Charles McCollum. Incumbent's commission expires . Frank P. Gannaway to be po~tmaster at Cllamberlain, S.Dak., June 21, 1014. m p1 rr ce of Frank P. Gannoway, to correct name of appointee. Arthur J. Halladay to be postmaster at Kenilworth, N. J .• .lf. K . :Xol:m to be postmaster at Whmer, S. Dak., in place of in place of John T. Kanane. Incumbent's commission expired Donald .A. Sinclair, resio-ned. .A.pril 13, 1914. C. H . Peckham to be postmaster at .Alexandria, S. Dak., in Isaiah C. Shinn to be postmaster at Woodstown, N. J., in place of Ernest B. Yule, resigned. place of William N. Nixon. Incumbent's commission e~pires TE:q-NESSEE. l\Iay 18, 1914. John F. Peniston to be postmaster at Cranford, N. J., in place T. J. Addington to be postmaster at Ducktown, Tenn. Office of James E. Warner. Incumbent's commission expires May 1!>, became presidential April 1, 1914. 1014. Philip D. Harris to be postmaster at Greenfield, 'renn., in place of 1\1. G. Cox. Incumbent's commission expired April 21 NEW MEXICO. 1914. ' Ernest M. Brumback to be postmaster at Silyer City, N. Mex., Thomas P. Rucker to be postmaster at Frnnklin, Tenn .. in in place of Joseph E. Sheridan, resigned. place of harles S. loss. Incumbent's commission expires June Dirk E. Seligman to be postmaster at Las Cruces, N. 1\Iex., in 25, 1914. place of Vincent B. May, resigned. TEX.A.S. NEW YORK. n.. C. Dial to be IJostmaster at Greem·me, Tex., in place of Barney ,V. Fields. Incumbent's commission expired April 20, James H. Burns to be postmaster at Troy, N. Y., in place of 1914. Albert E. Bonesteel. Incumbent's commission expires April 20, J . N. Fallis to be postmaster at Clifton, Tex., in place of 1014. Charles 0. Nelson. remoYed. Hugh W. McClellan to be postmaster at Chatham, N. Y., :in C . .A. Lawler to be postmaste•r at Jacksonville, Tex., in place place of John P. Mickle. Incumbent's commission expired of Charles F . .Adams. Incumbent's commission expires 1\Iay 4, April 12, 1014. 1D14 . NORTH CAllOLINA. .A. J. Prtge to be postmaster at Como, Tex., in place of J. S. Noble. resigned. 0. C. Nicholson to be postmaster at ~!axton, N. C., in place of L. V. Vanek to be po tmaster at Lagrange, Tex., in place of William l\1. Currie. Incumbent's commission expires ~lay 2, August F. Loessin. Incumbent's commis ion expired February 1914. S, 1914. Nathan R. Pool to be postmaster at Clayton, N. C., in place of UTAH. Lee H. Yarborough, resigned. N. H. Felt to be postmaster at ~Iantl, Utah, in place of OHIO. James P. Madsen. Incumbent's commission expired April 1, l\farshall E. Foucht to be postmaster at Upper Sandusky, 1D14. Ohio, in place of Edwin A. Gordon. Incumbent's commission W. J. Munford to be postmaster at ~.Iilford. Utah. in place ot" e].-pi:-es l\Iay 24, 1014. William A. Miller. Incu~bcnt's commission expired December Wiiliam J. Murphy to be postmaster at C1e-ve~ · .nd, Ohio, in 13, 1913. place of Raymond G. Floyd. Incumbent's com121ission ex.-pired VIRGINIA.. April 12, 1914. John ':P. Cooke to be postmaster at Waynesboro, Va., in place OKLAHOMA. of J. Haney Furr. Incumbent's commission expired April 5, H . .A. Ora wfor