AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY

A NEW CYCLOPEDIA

Compiled Under the Editorial Supervision of

A NOTABLE ADVISORY BOARD

ILLUSTRATED

VOLUME VI

Published under the Direction of THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Inc New York 1919 Il fcíT.y Y?4 л , -Jb \'

kTltDW Fui .¿öATIOt.tl | H i'.'"0_ ^ ' j ADVISORY BOARD

Alonso Abernethy, Pb. ».. John F. Lacey, Member Board of Regents, State University Representative In Congress from Iowa, 1889- of Iowa; Dee Moines, Iowa. 1907; Oskaloosa, Iowa. Bdwlu Anderson Alderman. D.C.L., LL.D., President University of Virginia; University, William F. McDowell, Ph.D., D.D., 1,1..»., Bishop of Methodist Episcopal Church; Chi Virginia. cago, Illinois. K. IteiiJ. Andrews, A.M., D.D., LL.I)., Chancellor Emeritus, University of Nebraska; Henry M. MacCracken, D.D., LL.D., Lincoln, Nebraska. Chancellor Emeritus. New York University; Rlroy M. Avery, РЬ.В., ГЬ.М., Ph.D., I.I,.»., D.C.L., University Heights, New York. Historian; Cleveland, Ohio. William H. Mace, A. M., Ph.D., Harlan Hoce Ballard, A.B., William Griffin Professor History and Polit Librarian; Plttsfleld, Massachusetts. ical Science, University of Syracuse; Syra cuse, New York. Frank \V. Blackmar, A.M., Ph.D., Dean of Graduating School, University of Jesse Мясу. A. M., Ы..1).. Kansas; Lawrence, Kansas. Author, Professor Political Science, Iowa Chas. A. Blnnchard, D. II., College; Grinnell, Iowa. President Wheaton College; Wheaton, Illi Bernard Moses, Ph.D., LL.I).. nois. Professor History and Political Science. Uni Maurice Illoomneld, M.A., Ph.D., LL.D., versity of California; Berkeley, California. Orientalist, Philologist, Johns Hopkins Uni Thomas M. Owen, A.M., I.L.I)., versity; Baltimore, Maryland. Historian, Department of Archives; Mont Theodore C. Bnrgess, A.M., Ph.D., gomery, Alabama. Director Bradley Polytechnic Institute; Peo ria, Illinois. Daniel B. Purlnton. A.M., Ph.D.. LL.I)., Ex-President Denlson University, Granville, Nathaniel Butler, D.D., I.1..I».. Ohio. Director University Extension Division, Uni versity of Chicago; Chicago, Illinois. Putnam, Mrs. Мигу N.. Prominent In Patriotic Societies; Elizabeth- Franklin Carter, A.M., Ph.D., LL.I)., town, New Jersey. Former President Williams College; Wll- llamstown, Massachusetts. George L. Raymond, A.M., L.H.»., Walter Clark, A.M., LL.D., Professor of Aesthetics, George Washington Chief Justice North Carolina Supreme Court; University; Los Angeles, California. Raleigh, North Carolina. William O. Stoddard, A.M., V. Lansing Collins, A.M., Author and Journalist; Madison, New Jersey. Reference Librarian, Princeton University; Charles W. Super, A.M., Ph.D., LL.D., Princeton, New Jersey. Ex-President Ohio University; Athens, Ohio. Katherine Eleanor County, Robert E. Thompson, A.M.. Ph.D., S.T.D., LL.D., Editor, Educator, Author; St. Mary's College and Academy, Notre Dame, Indiana, and President Central High School; Philadelphia, Boston, Massachusetts. Pennsylvania. William Richard Cutter, A.M., Francis N. Thorpe, A.M., Ph.D., LL.D., Former Historian of New England Historic- Professor, University of Pittsburgh; Pitts Genealogical Society; Woburn, Massachu burgh, Pennsylvania. setts. William Trelense, Sc.D., LI..»., William H. Dana, F.C.M., Professor of Botany. University of Illinois; President Dana's Musical Institute; Warren, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. Ohio. UIIIIiu,, P. Trent. A.M., D.C.L.. LL.D., Thomas FeU, Ph.D., D.C.L., LL.D., University Professor, Editor and Author, President St. John's College; Annapolis, Columbia University; New York City. Maryland. Henry S. Tucker, A.M., LL.D., Joseph F. Folsom, Dean School of Jurisprudence and Law, Author, Librarian and Corresponding Secre George Washington University; Washington, tary New Jersey Historical Society. District of Columbia. Thomas F. Gallor, A.M., S.T.I)., D.D., Irving G. Vnnn, M.A., LL.D., Bishop of Tennessee; Memphis, Tennessee. Judge New York Court of Appeals; Syracuse, Samuel A. Green, A.M., M.D., LL.D., New York. Librarian and Vice-President Massachusetts Л rim N. Waterman, A. II., LL.I)., Historical Society; Boston, Massachusetts. Dean John Marshall Law School; Chicago, Wm. K. firmln, A.M., D.D., I, .11.1)., Illinois. Educationist, Traveler, Lecturer, Author; Stephen B, Weeks, A.M.. Ph.D., LL.D.. Ithaca, New York. Historian Bureau of Education; Washington. Kdmunil J. Jumes, A.M., Ph.D., I.I,. I)., District of Columbia. President University of Illinois; Urbana- Wm. C. Wlnslow, Ph.».. L.H.»., S.T.D., D.D., Champalgn, Illinois. LL.D., D.C.L., Sc.D., John W. Jordan, 1. 1. .П., Orientalist, Archaeologist, Egyptologist; Bos Librarian Pennsylvania Historical Society; ton, Massachusetts. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. George T. Winston, LU«. H., A.M., LUD, Robert F. Kerr, A.B., A.M., President North Carolina College of Agri Founder South Dakota State Historical Soci culture and Mechanic Arts; A she ville. North ety; Brookings, South Dakota. Carolina. BIOGRAPHICAL

АВ.-б-i ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

MITCHEL, John Purroy, vestigation, in which he took a leading part. While he was president of the Publicist, Fallen in World War. Board of Aldermen, during a part of Sep John Purroy Mitchel, the ninety-sev tember and October, 1910, he had full enth mayor of New York City, was the power as mayor, owing to the disability son of Captain James and Mary (Purroy) of Mayor Gaynor by an attempted assas Mitchel. He was born at Fordham, New sination. He, however, resigned this of York, July 19, 1879, and received his pre fice to become Collector of the Port of liminary education in the public and pa New York by appointment of President rochial schools of his native city, where Wilson. he was fitted to enter Fordham Universi In the mayoralty campaign of 1913 the ty. He became a member of the class of death of Mayor Gaynor had removed an 1899 of Columbia University, receiving important factor. The better element of on his graduation the degree of A. B. The the Republican and Democratic parties next two years were spent at the New formed a Fusion party with only one ob York Law School, the degree of LL. B. ject in view, the defeat of Tammany. As being conferred on him. He was admit a standard bearer, on account of the pres ted to the New York bar in June, 1901, tige of the offices he had held and his pub and commenced the practice of his profes lic services, they chose Mr. Mitchel as sion, being the senior partner of the law their candidate for mayor. He easily de firm of Mitchel & Milan. He married, feated Edward E. McCall, his opponent, April 9, 1909, Olive, daughter of Fran- and was inaugurated mayor of New York, lin D. Child, of Boston, Massachusetts. January 1, 1914, being only thirty-four A descendant of a New York family of years of age. Mayor Mitchel brought to Irish lineage, which had figured promi the chief executive office the physical nently in the history of the city, he early strength and health of his young man took a part in the civic activities of the hood, and this, with his acute business city. When only twenty-seven years of acumen, his vast knowledge of city af age he received the appointment as a fairs, fully equipped him to perform all special counsel to the City of New York the functions of the office. He was the to investigate city accounts. His busi youngest in point of years that had ever nesslike and successful methods attracted filled the New York mayoralty chair, and the attention of George B.McClellan, then his administration takes rank, and he was mayor of the city, who appointed him accredited by many, even not his par commissioner of accounts. He continued tisans, as one of the city's most success his investigations and the revelations ful mayors. His administration was mark which resulted won him public credit, and ed by several controversies. One, which he was elected at the age of thirty years attracted nation-wide attention, was over president of the Board of Aldermen. The affairs in charitable institutions. Military most important matter that was in con matters were somewhat of a hobby with troversy at this time was the subway in him, and during his term of office he took ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY a course of training at Plattsburg, New employment of experts from other cities York. During his mayoralty he placed to assist in the administration of some the police department partly on a military of the city departments, notably that of t>asis. He established a military training education, Mayor Mitchel having estab corps for policemen, and organized an lished the Gary System of School Educa efficient home defense guard as soon as tion. Mayor Mitchel was a strong advo war was declared with Germany. He cate of preparedness. His battle cry and was credited with having brought the his chief issue during his last mayoralty police department to the highest state campaign was Americanism. of efficiency known in the city's history. Judge Hylan was elected, though The recent war brought manifold du Mayor Mitchel was second in the race. ties to be performed by Mayor Mitchel; His defeat for re-election was due to the the members of the different allied com fact of there being four candidates in the missions were received with honor and field, the machine politicians of the Re hospitality by the chief executive of the publican party insisting on running a city, and praises were universal for the nominee against the advice and judg intelligence, manly deportment, and the ment of the better element of the party hearty hand of welcome extended to them who desired to endorse the Fusion candi by the civic head of the great metropolis. date, also of the unknown strength shown He was constantly called to the review by the Socialist party. Upon his retire ing stand at City Hall and elsewhere, and ment from office Mayor Mitchel offered by his presence gave hearty recognition his services to the government, it being and approval of parades or patriotic dis the dearest wish of his heart to get into play made by the people of the city to the fighting line overseas. He finally illustrate their devotion and allegiance to joined the aviation section of the Signal the country. Corps of the United States Army, and Towards the close of his term of office, was transferred to San Diego, California, though frequently urged, he expressed there to go into cadet training to become reluctance to accept a renomination, say a full-fledged flier. During his cadetship ing he preferred to enter his country's period of training he was frequently men service. He was quoted at this time as tioned as having shown unusual daring. having made the following remark: "If In April, 1918, he commenced his trick I die, it doesn't matter when or how. A flying under the instruction of Lieutenant man could not die more gloriously than Robert Mairesse, of the French flying for his country." At the end of his ad corps. He learned to execute the half ministration Tammany was seeking to loop, the full loop, the Immelman turn, gain control of the city government; the in which the plane goes wing over wing; Fusion element, however, attracted to its the loop the loop, the tail spin, the scale rank men of wealth and prominence who slip, and many other different flying feats. urged upon Mayor Mitchel to become In May he earned his "double wings" again their nominee. He finally consent and thereafter was classed as a crack fly ed and during a heated campaign he was er, ranking as a major in the United attacked by John F. Hylan, the opposing States Army. Democratic candidate, for alleged extrav Major Mitchel left San Diego, Califor agance in financial expenditures and un nia, on June 19, 1918, for the Gerstner necessary innovations, particularly in the aviation section of the Signal Corps at ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Lake Charles, Louisiana, intending to wended its way through the thorough complete his training in pursuit work. On fares of the metropolis. The skies were the morning of July 6, 1918, he accompan clear and blue overhead, and probably ied his instructor, Lieutenant McCaffrey, the greatest demonstration ever offered to the training field. A single seater by the citizens of New York to the mem scout machine was the airplane used, ory of one of her sons was the American which Major Mitchel entered and piloted aviators from Hempstead field dropping to about six hundred feet in the air, when roses from on high on the casket of the he fell from his seat, his body striking former mayor as it passed up Fifth ave almost at the feet of his instructor. nue from the City Hall to St. Patrick's The wires flashed the sad news over Cathedral. the country that a noble and heroic soul Music swells the air, the high and low had expired. The flag on the City Hall tones of the choristers are heard, the was lowered to half mast and arrange military band outside of the Cathedral ments were immediately commenced in plays the hymn "Nearer My God to Thee," his native city to give to its worthy son a the funeral procession proceeds slowly funeral that would show to the world down the aisle to the nave of the the grief of his fellow-citizens at their Cathedral escorted by honorary pallbear irretrievable loss. Mrs. Mitchell, who had ers, who number in their midst noted citi accompanied her husband to California zens of the Nation. The vast audience and Louisiana, reached New York with are hushed with woe and grief, and the his body and a military escort, July 9, low and solemn intonation of the priests 1918. A throng of citizens stood silently of the requiem high mass of the Catholic in the corridors of the Pennsylvania sta church resounds throughout the Cathe tion as the casket was borne from the dral. The last sad rites of the interment train. The cortege passed through Broad were held at Woodlawn Cemetery, the way and other thoroughfares to the home body was lowered into the grave, where of his mother, everywhere receiving the seventeen soldiers of the 22nd New York recognition of the passersby by the re Infantry awaited it. The stentorian com moval of their hats and other evidences mand of "Attention: Load: Fire," was of their sorrow. The body laid in state given, and a triple volley fired across the at the City Hall from five o'clock on the grave, the bugler raised the horn to his afternoon of July 10th until nine o'clock lips and sounded the first long note of of the morning of the following day. A the time-honored farewell. Giant air constant procession of mourners from planes circled over the group of mourners every walk of life passed through the and dropped bouquets of roses near the rotunda of the City Hall, their heads bent grave. Thus ended the funeral honors in sorrow and reverence for an upright for John Purroy Mitchel. life that had been cut down in the no The life page of Major Mitchel is blest performance of his duty to his na closed, a transcript of his deeds and char tive country. acter are recorded "On High," and to our The City Hall's bell tolled, the funeral Spiritual Father we leave with the full marches of the bands resounded in the est confidence the judgment of his acts air, the tramp of military feet was heard and deeds. and the caisson containing the remains of It is not necessary to transcribe the New York's youngest mayor slowly wired and telephoned encomiums received ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY by the widow and mother. Even in the worth, continuing his residence in that halls of the Upper House of Congress, the city until his elevation to the Supreme Senator from his native State transgressed Bench. In 1861 he became a United on the strict rules of that body to eulo States commissioner, and in 1862 was gize and commend Major Mitchel for his elected judge of the Probate and Criminal love and death for his country. courts of Leavenworth county. From 1865 to 1869 he was judge of the First District of Kansas. BREWER, David Josiah, He took an active interest in educa tional matters and every movement to im Distinguished Jurist. prove the city in which he lived. He David Josiah Brewer, Associate Justice served for two years as secretary of a of the Supreme Court of the United library association in Leavenworth, and States, was born in Smyrna, Asia Minor, one year as its president. He was a mem June 20, 1837. His mother, who was a ber of the City Board of Education for sister of Justice Stephen J. Field, married many years, serving as its president, and Rev. Josiah Brewer, a graduate of Yale, later became superintendent of schools, who in 1830 went to Turkey in Asia as filling that position in connection with his one of the first missionaries for the professional duties. His reports on edu American Board. His father established cational subjects are well-written and the first newspaper in Smyrna, and was able documents. In 1868 he was presi the first to introduce European educa dent of the State Teachers' Association. tion into the Turkish empire. In 1870 he was elected a justice of the Su His parents returned to America when preme Court of Kansas, and was re-elect he was yet an infant, and he spent his ed in 1876 and 1882. Later he was ap early years in the State of Connecticut. pointed a judge of the Circuit Court of He obtained a good preparatory educa the United States. When he retired from tion in the schools of that State, con the State Supreme Bench, he wrote a fare tinued his studies at Wesleyan Universi well letter to his former associates, ty, Middletown, Connecticut, and then en clothed in the most affectionate terms, ex tered Yale, where he was graduated in pressing the high regard in which he held 1856 as a classmate of Chauncy M. Depew them and the pleasure and profit he had and Associate Justice Brown, of the Su derived from them while one of their preme Court. He then entered the law number. office of his uncle, David Dudley Field, While serving on this bench he gave a in New York City, spent one year there dissenting opinion on the power of a mu as a student, after which he went to the nicipality to issue bonds in aid of rail Albany Law School, completing the roads, and wrote the opinion of the court course at that institution in 1858. In that women were eligible to the office of the fall of that year he went to Kansas county superintendent of public instruc City, Missouri, remaining for a few tion. A number of women have since months there, and then went up the Ar held that office in various counties. In kansas Valley to Pike's Peak, and across the prohibitory cases he sustained the the mountains to Denver, Colorado. Re proceedings by which the prohibitory turning to Kansas in 1859, he established amendment was adopted as part of the himself in the practice of law at Leaven State Constitution, and in the liquor ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY cases he explained and sustained the before the Law School at Yale, in 1891, statutes. While judge of the Circuit on the "Protection of Private Property Court he ruled that "a brewery built Against Public Attack," which received when the law sanctioned and protected very favorable notices throughout the the manufacture of beer, and which was country. constructed with special reference to such He was married, October 3, 1861, to manufacture, if it could not, without loss, Louise Landon, of Burlington, Vermont. be used for any other purpose, could not Justice Brewer died March 28, 1910. after a change of policy in the State by which the manufacture of beer was pro hibited, be stopped from running until MACKAY, Clarence Hungerford, the amount of loss had been estimated Capitalist, Man of Affairs. and paid to the proprietor." This judg ment, however, was subsequently revers Clarence Hungerford Mackay was born ed by the United States Supreme Court. in San Francisco, California, April 17, He sustained the Maxwell land grant, the 1874, only son of John William and Maria largest private land grant ever sustained Louise (Hungerford) Mackay. His fath in this country, and was supported in his er was a "forty-niner" of California, and decision by the Supreme Court. He also one of the most prominent and pictur enjoined the State railroad commission esque characters in American biography ; ers of Iowa, upon the petition of certain his mother was the daughter of Colonel railroad companies, from putting rates so Daniel C. Hungerford, of New England low that the earnings of their roads would stock. not pay operating expenses and interest Young Mackay spent most of his early on their bonds. He was the first to chal life in London and Paris with his mother, lenge the dicta in the Granger cases, con who had become noted as a patron of art cerning the unlimited power of a State and literature and for the magnificence Legislature over rates, and has since been of her entertainments. He was educated sustained by the Supreme Court. He was at Vaugirard College, Paris, and at Beau appointed by President Harrison an Asso mont College, Windsor, England. He ciate Justice of the United States Su had been instructed in a line of studies preme Court to succeed Justice Stanley that particularly fitted him for a business Matthews, of Ohio, and was commis career, and upon his return to the United sioned, December 18, 1889. States, in 1894, he entered his father's Justice Brewer was a person of strong office in New York City, and acquired intellectuality, quick of perception, and that practical knowledge of mercantile industrious and energetic in the dispatch affairs that later enabled him to carry to of business. He received the degree of successful fruition the many colossal en LL. D. from three colleges, to wit: Iowa terprises projected by his father. The College, at Grinnell, Iowa; Washburn energy, foresight and business capacity College, at Topeka, Kansas, and Yale, his that were so strongly marked in John alma mater. In the fall of 1890 he accept W. Mackay were inherited by the son, ed a professorship in the Columbia Law and at the early age of twenty-two, when School, in addition to his judicial duties, most young men are absorbed by social and afterwards lectured on the Law of engagements, Mr. Mackay became presi Corporations. He delivered an address dent of the Forcite Powder Manufactur ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ing Company, a position he filled for three Mackay companies ; vice-president of the years. In the same year he was elected a Federal Sugar Refining Company; di director of the Postal Telegraph Com rector of the American Exchange Na pany and of the Commercial Cable Com tional Bank, the Canadian Pacific Rail pany, and in less than a year was made way Company, the Southern Pacific vice-president of both companies, a posi Company, the United States Mortgage tion which gave him the administrative and Trust Company, and the Long Island control of their operation. Among the Motor Parkway Company, and a trustee great enterprises established by his father of the New York Life Insurance Com were the Commercial Cable Company, in pany. In 1907-08 he was treasurer of association with James Gordon Bennett, the Lincoln Farm Association, organized and the Postal Telegraph Company, an for the purpose of preserving the Lincoln adjunct of the former. Clarence H. Mac- birthplace farm in Kentucky as a national kay had made the workings of these sys park, for which $130,000 was subscribed tems a special study, and his energies by the American public. Mr. Mackay were directed towards extending their is a member of the Union, Knickerbocker, scope. In 1899, upon the conclusion of Lawyers', New York Yacht and Metro peace between Spain and the United politan clubs of New York City, of the States and the resumption of business Meadow Brook and Westchester County intercourse with Cuba, he organized the clubs, and of the Pacific, Union and Bohe Commercial Cable Company of Cuba, and mian clubs of San Francisco. He has endeavored to obtain the necessary per been a patron of the trotting turf since mission to lay a cable to that island, but his boyhood, and while in France won this was refused by the Secretary of many races; his successes, it is said, did War, General Russell A. Alger. The ca much to create a demand for light har ble was subsequently laid. The construc ness horses on the Continent. Until his tion of a cable to the Orient had always father's death he was the owner of large been a great hobby with Mr. Mackay's stables of thoroughbreds for many years, father, but it was left to the son to carry and his horses, including Banastar, (for the project to a successful conclusion. which he paid $11,000), Hero, Aceful, The laying of this cable, which was be Kamera and Mexican, have often carried gun in 1901, required a period of eighteen his colors to victory. months, and during that time Mr. Mac- Mr. Mackay was married in New York kay gave his personal attention to every City, May 17, 1898, to Katherine Alex detail, which involved an expenditure of andra, daughter of William A. Duer, a over $9,000,000. Mr. Mackay's father died lawyer of New York City. Mrs. Mackay in London, July 20, 1902, and in the fol is the descendant of a long line of men lowing October the son was elected presi of eminence, beginning with William dent of the Mackay telegraph properties, Duer, member of the Provincial Con comprising the Commercial Cable Com gress of New York, of the Continental pany, the Postal Telegraph-Cable Com Congress, and of the first State Conven pany, and the Pacific Postal-Telegraph tion of New York. She is a prominent Cable, the most prominent of which is member of New York society, but is as the Postal Telegraph-Cable Company. well known for her philanthropy and for Mr. Mackay is also president of the Com her active participation in public affairs. mercial Pacific Cable Company and the She has taken an active interest in the 8

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■ ."'^Т хУУ. • У ft '/V г ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY public school affairs of Roslyn, Long Isl "World" he resigned his position and and, and has been a member of the school went South. board of the town since 1905. At this time North Carolina, and in deed the South generally, had few papers able to make themselves felt beyond the PAGE, Walter Hines, limits of their own domain. This want was felt keenly by the more intelligent Litterateur, Diplomatist. North Carolinians, and they eagerly wel Walter Hines Page was born at Cary, comed Mr. Page, whose reputation had North Carolina, August 15, 1855, the son been established among them. A news of A. F. Page, a well-known business man paper, the "State Chronicle," was found of North Carolina, who was descended ed at Raleigh under his direction, and he from the large and illustrious family of threw himself heart and soul into the Pages in Virginia. work of making the resources of North Walter H. Page gained his elementary Carolina known to the world. In two education at the Bingham Military years the "State Chronicle" became one School, North Carolina, one of the first of the most important newspapers in the preparatory schools established in the Southeast, and its circulation grew ex Southern States ; and afterward attended tensively. But the Metropolis had too Rando>lph-Macon College, Virginia, from many attractions for the ambitious young which he was graduated in 1876. He next Southerner, so he resigned, and went back attended the Johns Hopkins University, to New York, leaving his paper fully es as a fellow in Greek under the famous tablished in new hands. He took a posi Dr. Gildersleeve (1876-78), after which tion on the "Evening Post," which he he accepted a position as teacher, for a held until 1887, when he became the man year, at the Louisville Boys' High School. ager and a stockholder of the "Forum," He began his literary career at this time one of the most important high-class pe by sending an essay to the "Atlantic riodicals in the United States. In 1891 Monthly," which was accepted. Encour he became editor, succeeding Mr. Lorret- aged by this first attempt which won him us S. Metcalf. He resigned this position some notice, he began writing for various in 1895 and became literary adviser for newspapers and periodicals, attaining Houghton, Miflin & Company. Here he considerable success. In 1880 he accepted remained for years, when he formed a the editorship of the St. Louis (Missouri) partnership with Frank Nelson Double- "Daily Gazette," which he conducted day, under the firm name of Doubleday, successfully for two years. In 1881 he Page & Company. The firm was after made a slow journey through the south ward converted into a stock company, ern States, and wrote an interesting se and besides doing a general book publish ries of letters to the Springfield (Massa ing business, they publish the following chusetts) "Republican," the Boston periodicals} "The World's Work," "Post," the New York "World," and oth "Country Life in America," "The Gar er leading newspapers. These letters on den Magazine," and "Farming." In 1910, the reconstructed South won him a po the corporation built "The Country Life" sition on the New York "World" as a Press at Garden City, Long Island, now book reviewer and editorial writer. At the main office and works of the company. the change of management in the Mr. Page was a charter member of the ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

New Reform Club, and was for three strike, and by settling the difficulty. In years one of the most untiring of its ex the same year he was elected circuit at ecutive committee ; he was also a mem torney on the Democratic ticket, repre ber of the University and Natural Arts senting the Bryan wing of the party, and Clubs. He was the author of "The Re began the arduous work of ridding the building of Old Commonwealths," 1902. city of official corruption, beginning with President Wilson, in 1913, appointed him an investigation of election frauds, in ambassador extraordinary plenipotentiary dicting a number of Democratic ward- to Great Britain, an office he filled heelers, and when remonstrated with for with credit to himself and his country. persecuting men who had voted for him, Mr. Page's devotion to his duties as am exclaimed: "One who violates the law bassador during the trying times of the is not a Democrat; he is not a Republi late war caused his resignation, on ac can ; he is a criminal !" For twenty years count of ill health, in August, 1918. He St. Louis had been in the control of a returned from England on October 12, ring of nineteen men and their subordi 1918, in a critical condition and was car nates, who controlled the City Council, ried from the ship to St. Luke's Hospital, overrode the mayor's vote and levied New York City, where, during the first blackmail upon every license, privilege few weeks, his condition seemed steadily and franchise granted by the city, putting to improve. Later, in November, he suf as much as $10,000,000 into their own fered a relapse, and was brought to Pine- pockets. In 1898 a New York promoter hurst, North Carolina, where he died De bribed the members of the Council, at an cember 21, 1918. expense of $250,000, to obtain a franchise covering most of the street railways, and having obtained it sold it for $1,200,000, FOLK, Joseph Wingate, of which the city received not a dollar. The ring also sold a franchise for lighting Lawyer, Governor, Publicist. the city, pocketing $47,500, and tried to Joseph Wingate Folk was born at sell the court house, the Union market Brownsville, Tennessee, October 28, and the water works. Many of these un 1869, son of Henry B. and Martha (Estes) convicted criminals were millionaires, not Folk. His mother comes from a Virginia a few were men of prominence in business family, and his father went to Browns circles, and no circuit attorney had dared ville, Tennessee, from North Carolina to attack them. Mr. Folk pursued them about 1848. relentlessly, exposed their machinations Joseph W. Folk was educated in the to the public, and in May, 1902, secured Brownsville schools, and at the Vander- the indictment of many, and eventually of bilt University, Nashville, where he was all but a few who had fled the country. graduated in 1890. Removing to St. He then turned his attention to the Legis Louis, Missouri, he was admitted to the lature, where astounding venality was bar in 1890, and practiced in the civil brought to light, and the lieutenant-gov courts. He took the stump for the ernor, confessing to disgraceful corrup Democratic ticket in 1896 and 1898. He tion, was forced to resign. was brought into prominence in 1900 by Incidentally, he secured a treaty be acting as attorney for the Street Railway tween United States and Mexico, cover Employees' Union, who had gone on a ing bribery. His boldness, his untiring

10 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY zeal in the cause of reform, and his non Governor Folk was married at Browns partisan spirit commended him to the ville, Tennessee, November 10, 1896, to people of Missouri, irrespective of party, Gertrude, daughter of Thomas E. and and it was felt that no better man could Sallie (Thomas) Glass. be found to fill the governor's chair. He was nominated in 1904 by the Democrats, was supported by a large number of Re BEVERIDGE, Albert Jeremiah, publicans, and though Missouri cast its Lawyer, Senator. vote for Roosevelt, he carried the State, polling 326,652 votes to Walbridge's, the Albert Jeremiah Beveridge, son of Republican candidate's, 296,552. Thomas H. and Frances (Parkinson) Governor Folk is the author of the Beveridge, was born in Ohio at the border Missouri anti-lobby law; State-wide pri of Adams and Highland counties, Octo mary law ; two-cent railroad fare law ; ber 6, 1862. The family, after the Civil public utility commission for cities ; anti- War, removed to Illinois, where young race track gambling law; law removing Beveridge led a life of privations. He was derelict officials for failing to enforce the a plowboy at the age of twelve, railroad statutes. He was delegate-at-large to the logger and laborer when only fourteen National Democratic Convention held at years of age, and a teamster at fifteen. Denver, Colorado, in 1908. He then attended the high school and After his retirement from his four years' worked his way through DePaw Uni term as governor of Missouri he made an versity and was graduated in 1885. In extensive lecture tour of the United that year, also, he took first honors in States. He was appointed, September 22, the State and Inter-state collegiate ora 191 3, by President Wilson, chief solicitor torical contests. His health gave way, for the United States Department of La owing to the arduous nature of his bor and has been since March 1, 1914, studies, and to improve it he spent some chief council for the Interstate Commerce time, after graduation, in the outdoor Commission. He conducted the investi life of a western ranch. When recuper gations of the New York, New Haven & ated, he entered the law office of Senator Hartford and the Rock Island companies, Joseph E. McDonald, at Indianapolis, In and has appeared before the courts on diana, where he soon became managing many important cases for the commis clerk. sion. For two or three years after admission The degree of LL. B. was conferred to the bar he was associated with Mc on him in 1890 by the Vanderbilt Uni Donald & Butler at Indianapolis, Indiana, versity, and that of LL. D. by the Uni but subsequently established an indepen versity of Missouri in 1905, the William dent practice. He combined politics with Jewett College in 1906, the Drury Col his legal work, identified himself with lege in 1907, the Westminster College of many important legal cases, and became Fulton, Missouri, in 1908, and the South known as an effective orator and cam western Baptist University of Tennessee, paign speaker. He never held public of in 1908. He is a member of the St. Louis fice until his election as a Republican to and Mercantile clubs of St. Louis, of the the United States Senate on January 17, Masonic fraternity, of the Knights of 1899, to succeed David Turpie, Demo Pythias, and of the Baptist church. crat, for the term ending March 3, 1905.

11 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

After his election Senator Beveridge went can ancestors came from Switzerland in to the Philippine Islands and China, to 1750 and settled in Eastern Pennsylvania. make a personal investigation of the ques George Frick, his great-grandfather, es tions most prominent in American poli tablished himself on a farm in 1770. His tics in 1899. The result of these observa grandfather, Daniel Frick, was born in tions was his agreement with the report 1796, and was married to Catherine Miller of President Schurmann, Admiral Dew in 1819. Their son, John W. Frick, was ey, and other members of the Philippine born in 1822. Mr. Frick's mother was commission, endorsing the policy of put of German ancestry, and the daughter ting down the insurrection and retaining of Abraham Overholt, one of the largest the islands. On January 9, 1900, he de land owners of his time in Southwestern livered his first senatorial speech, arguing Pennsylvania. vigorously and aggressively in favor of Henry Clay Frick received his educa enthusiastic co-operation with President tion in the public schools and at Otter- McKinley's policy. He was re-elected in bein University, Ohio. He began his 1905 and served until March 3, 191 1. On business career as a clerk in a dry goods his retirement from the Senate, he re store at Mount Pleasant, but in 1869 be sumed the practice of law at Indianapolis, came a bookkeeper in the office of his Indiana. He was chairman of the Repub grandfather at Broad Ford, Pennsyl lican National Convention at Chicago, vania. In 1871 his attention was called Illinois, in 1912. Senator Beveridge has to the value of the coking-coal deposits published many articles on public events in the vicinity of Broad Ford. Coke- in the periodical press, and in volume making, then in its infancy as an indus form: "The Russian Advance" in (1903) ; try, was a business with which he was "The Young Man and The World" (1906) ; not familiar, but after a thorough investi "The Meaning of the Times" (1907); gation, with several business friends, he "Pass Prosperity Around" (1912) ; "What formed a partnership known as H. C. Is Back of the War?" (1915). Frick & Company, bought three hundred Senator Beveridge married (first) No acres of coal land and built about fifty vember 24, 1887, Katherine Langsdale, of coke ovens. The business expanded rap Greencastle, Indiana, who died June 18, idly, as a ready sale was found for the 1900. He married (second) at Berlin, product at foundries and furnaces all over Germany, August 7, 1907, Catherine Ed the country, and in 1873 the firm had two dy, of Chicago, Illinois, a daughter of Au hundred ovens. During and after the gustus and Abby Louise (Spencer) Ed panic of 1873 he began leasing works and dy, and a sister of Spencer Eddy, a noted coke lands extensively, and bought more diplomatist. good properties. In 1876 he bought out his partners. The profits were promptly reinvested in coal land, and in 1882 the FRICK, Henry Clay, firm was merged into the H. C. Frick Coke Company, with a capital of $2,000,- Manufacturer, Man of Large Affaira. 000. Carnegie Bros. & Company, Lim Henry Clay Frick was born at West ited, became also large stockholders in Overton, Pennsylvania, December 19, the H. С Frick Coke Company, and the 1849, son or John Wilson and Elizabeth capital was increased to $10,000,000. (Overholt) Frick. His earliest Ameri The remarkable qualifications as an

12

Ainerira/- ■

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

organizer and director of vast business in annually 3,250,000 gross tons of steel. terests shown by Mr. Frick brought him Near the close of the year 1899 a personal an offer, in 1889, of interest in and of difference arose between Messrs. Car ficial connection with the Carnegie con negie and Frick which, however, was cerns. He was admitted to the firm of speedily adjusted and resulted in the for Carnegie Bros. & Company, Limited, as mation of the Carnegie Company, in its chairman, and on the consolidation of March, 1900, with a paid-up capital of all its interests, except coke, under the $160,000,000, embracing the Carnegie title of the Carnegie Steel Company, Lim Steel Company, Limited, the H. С Frick ited, in July, 1892, Mr. Frick became the Company, and more than twenty sub executive head of the new association, sidiary companies. with the capital of $25,000,000. He has Mr. Frick is well known in financial necessarily been brought into public circles; he is a director in the City Na prominence occasionally through the la tional Bank of New York, the Mellon bor disturbances incident to the opera National Bank of Pittsburgh, also of the tion of such great industries, notably that American Trust Company. He has for at the Homestead works of the Carnegie several years made New York his place Steel Company. On July 23, 1892, of residence. In business Mr. Frick is while efforts were being made to settle wonderfully quick and accurate in his the difficulties, an anarchist named Berk- judgment of men and affairs. It appears man entered Mr. Frick's office, shot him easy for him to select the best man for twice and stabbed him. In 1895, at his a particular duty. He never lacks cour own request, the duties as the chairman age to vigorously carry out his decisions. of the Carnegie Steel Company, Limited, He is equally firm and courageous in op were divided, and a president was ap posing any measure of which his judg pointed, to whom most of the executive ment or strong sense of right disapproves. details were transferred, Mr. Frick retain Personally he is extremely modest, and ing the official title of chairman of the sympathetic and unassuming in his in board of managers. In 1897 he also relin tercourse with others. His charities are quished the management of the minor many in number, but are quietly and affairs of the H. С Frick Coke Company, modestly bestowed. becoming chairman of its board of direc On December 15, 1881, he was married tors. The properties of the companies of to Adelaide Howard, daughter of the late which he was the official head consisted, Asa P. Childs, of Pittsburgh. To them in 1899, of mines producing 6,000,000 have been born four children, two sons tons of iron ore per annum ; 40,000 acres and two daughters, one son and one of coal lands and 12,000 coke ovens; daughter being deceased. steamship lines for transporting ore to. Lake Erie ports; docks for handling ore MALLORY, Henry Rogers, and coal ; a railroad from Lake Erie to Pittsburgh, hauling ore to the works and Master of Sea Transportation. coal to the lake, and connecting the vari Arms— Or, a lion rampant tail forchée gules; ous works; 70,000 acres of natural gas a bordure of the second. territory, with 200 miles of pipe line to Crest — A horse's head couped per pale gules and azure, ducally gorged or. the works; nineteen blast furnaces and five steel mills, producing and finishing In the maritime history of the world 13 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

the name Mallory is synonymous with war. Later, however, he resigned to fol enterprise, progress and industry. The low the sea, sailing on a privateer. Sever pennant from the mast-heads of their al times he was taken prisoner, but was merchant marine has floated in domestic exchanged, and eventually won consider and foreign ports, and generations of the able prize money. When peace was con name have been intimately connected cluded with England he turned to the with ships and shipping. civil pursuits of life, engaged in cultivat The Mallory family in the history of ing the soil, and also followed the trade of America dates back to 1644, when Peter butcher. He married, at New London, Mallory left his English home to join Connecticut, February 23, 1778, Amey the pioneer settlers in the New World. Crocker. This marriage resulted in the He is on record in that year as one of the birth of ten children, all of whom reached signers of the plantation covenant of New maturity and were married. This veteran Haven, Connecticut. This sturdy pro of the Revolutionary War lived to be genitor of the family was the father of ten nearly an octogenarian, dying at Water- children, of whom eight were sons. His ford, Connecticut, in 1838. His wife sur eldest son and namesake, Peter, was born vived him; she was born in 1760, and July 29, 1653, and married, May 28, 1678, died July 8, 1858, lacking but two years Elizabeth, daughter of William and Eliz of being one hundred years old. abeth (Lamberton) Trowbridge. Of their Of the ten children of David and Amey family of twelve children Stephen was the (Crocker) Mallory, the eighth child and seventh child and fifth son. He was born fourth son was Charles Mallory. He was October 12, 1694. He married, in 1718, born in Waterford, Connecticut, Febru at Trumbull, Connecticut, Mary, surname ary 24, 1796. His youth was harrassed unknown. By this marriage there were by the discomforts of poverty, and he eight children. Moses, the third child therefore received only a limited educa and second son of Stephen and Mary tion. A brother-in-law was engaged in Mallory, was born at Milford, Connecti the manufacture of sails at New Lon cut, March io, 1724, and married, August don, and arriving at an age that neces 19, 1744, Frances, daughter of Samuel sitated his employment in a useful trade, and Rebecca (Princhard) Oviatt. He died he served an apprenticeship as sail mak in his native town, December 7, 1794. er under the employment of his relative, Of the family of ten children of Moses Mr. Beebe. He remained there until he and Frances (Oviatt) Mallory, David, the was twenty-one years of age, when he eighth child, was born in Milford, Con left New London with one suit of necticut, October 18, 1760. From this clothes, his sail maker tools slung in a sterling ancestor of this prominent New bag over his shoulder, and twenty-five England family is inherited the love of cents in his pocket, to seek his fortune. At the sea, which is so fitly exemplified by this time the Government was doing a the branch of the family of which this is large business in building ships on Lake a record. His loyalty to his country is Erie and his object was to stop on the shown when, at the age of sixteen, he way, earn money enough to pay his ex took the place of his father who had been penses, and finally to reach the lakes. He drafted for service in the Continental arrived at Mystic on Christmas Day, and army. He served the six months required found some of his old acquaintances play and then enlisted for the remainder of the ing ball in what was called Randall's

4

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY orchard. Here his first work was in re 1846 was at the height of his business ca pairing a suit of sails for a fishing smack. reer and requiring a confidential agent When this was completed, other work of in New York City, he chose his son fered, and he continued there employed, for that position. This was the en expecting when finished to proceed on his trance of Charles Henry Mallory into journey to the lakes via Boston. After the commercial life of the Metropolis. He six months he concluded to settle in the was at this time nearly thirty years of neighborhood, married, and continued his age, a man who had buffeted the world, work there. Perseverance and industry won distinction for himself, and of hab brought their own reward and he gradu its and business acumen capable of man ally acquired a capital that enabled him to aging the extensive affairs of his father's become interested in the building and business. Mr. Mallory's activities con sailing of ships. It was the era of whal nected him with a number of commercial ing vessels. He soon owned a fleet, and enterprises. His intercourse with mer to enlarge his industry he leased the Mys chants of his adopted residential city tic shipyard at Mystic, Connecticut, from broadened his mind and ambitions, con its owner, Captain Forsyth. In 1837, the sequently he became a prominent factor year of the money panic, he built the first in the line of transportation not only to of American clipper ships to trade with domestic but to foreign ports. It was in China, India, Australia, and other parts of 1862 that Mr. Mallory, who had contract the world. His active business career ed to build gunboats for the Mexican gov raised him to a position of affluence, ernment, offered them to the United prominence and importance. States for active operation in the Civil Charles Mallory married, February 22, War. At trie close of hostilities they were 1818, Eliza Rogers, daughter of John and reconstructed and placed in commercial Hannah Rogers, of New London, Con service along the Atlantic Coast and the necticut. She was a descendant of an an Gulf of Mexico. It was in 1865 that he cient and honorable English family of founded the firm of C. H. Mallory & Com Wiltshire, and numbered among her an pany to engage in a shipping and com cestors the martyr, John Rogers, burned mission business. His only partner was at the stake at Smithfield, England. Elihu Spicer, Jr. Regular lines of steam Charles Henry Mallory, son of Charles ships were to ply between New York and and Eliza (Rogers) Mallory, was born at the ports of South Carolina, Georgia and Mystic Bridge, Connecticut, September Florida, as well as to New Orleans and 30, 1818. His education was obtained at Galveston, and to Brazilian ports. The the public schools, also a year was spent corporation was known as the New York at the private school of John Kirby, at and Texas Steamship Company. The Stonington, Connecticut. At the age of fif firm remained so constituted until 1870, teen years he had served his apprentice when his two sons, Charles and Henry ship in his father's establishment as sail Rogers Mallory, were admitted as part maker. With an inherited love of the ners. sea he shipped, in September, 1833, Charles Henry Mallory married, July before the mast. His advance was 25, 1841, Eunice Denison Clift, daughter rapid, and in 1839, at the time of of Nathaniel and Eunice (Denison) his attaining his majority, was master of Clift. The children by this marriage were : the brig "Appalachicola." His father in Charles, whose sketch follows; Fanny, is ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

who married C. P. Williams ; Henry Rog cial interests to reclaim and reorganize ers, of whom further; Kate; Robert. the properties, so that the original vent Henry Rogers Mallory was born at ure existed for a period of less than Mystic, Connecticut, September 21, 1848. eighteen months. His early education was obtained in the In 1908 the various owners and bond public schools of Mystic, New London holders formed an executive reorganiza and New Haven. He commenced his tion committee to continue operation of mercantile career at the age of eighteen the various steamship lines affected. years as office boy in the New York of Henry Rogers Mallory was selected as fice of С H. Mallory & Company, then lo chairman of this committee because of his cated at No. 153 Maiden Lane, over the technical knowledge, long experience, and ship chandlery store of J. D. Fish & Com remarkable executive ability. Associated pany. The pier for the Mallory line of with Mr. Mallory in this undertaking steamers was located at Pier No. 20, East were Galen L. Stone, Henry Hornblower, River, New York. and Alexander R. Nicol. It is said by The death of his father, March 21, 1890, those most intimately identified with the which was followed by that of his partner, business that the chaotic conditions and Captain Elihu Spicer, in March, 1893, the manifold difficulties confronting the caused the steamship lines to pass into reclaimed lines at that time were ulti the hands of the three Mallory brothers. mately solved by the expert steamship They had all been thoroughly trained in knowledge, unfailing tact, open-minded- business methods and ever active in the ness, integrity and the wise, safe and con discharge of duties under their father's servative policies of Mr. Mallory. There regime. The eldest brother, Charles, who fore he naturally succeeded to the presi was interested in construction, designs dency of these many reorganized inter and plans for building, undertook the su ests incorporated under the name of At pervision of that branch of the industry, lantic, Gulf and West Indies Steamship while Henry Rogers was made president Lines, and remained president of the of the corporation and his brother Robert AGWI Lines continuously until June, treasurer, to conduct the financial and 191 5, when he retired from active service traffic matters of the corporation. Un on account of ill health, but retained di der the direction of the three brothers, rectorship in the Atlantic, Gulf and West with the addition of newer and larger Indies Steamship Lines and each of the steamers, the business increased to such subsidiary companies until the time of his an extent that by 1906 the Mallory Line death. The Atlantic, Gulf and West In was considered one of the most progres dies Lines comprised the Clyde Steam sive and important water transportation ship Company, the Mallory Steamship institutions on the Atlantic seaboard. In Company, the New York and Cuba Mail 1906 the Mallorys sold their steamship interests and the Mallory line was merg Steamship Company, besides other minor ed by Charles W. Morse with several oth subsidiaries, and the magnitude of this er large and important steamship com enterprise is shown by the fact that these panies. This consolidation in its initial consolidated steamship companies owned stage, however, did not prove successful over three hundred and fifty thousand and it became necessary for the protec deadweight tons of steamers under the tion of the bondholders and other finan American flag, truly the greatest of all 16 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

American steamship companies in exist It is a matter of pride with us that the ship ence. belonging to our subsidiary which bears his name and which had been christened in his per Mr. Mallory was a director in the Me sonal honor was the first American ship to en chanics and Metals National Bank, the ter the transport service of the Government in Franklin Trust Company, the San Anto the great world war, and was the first to land nio Company, and the North American American troops and supplies in France, as it Company, and was a trustee of Mount had always been a matter of pride with him Herman School in Massachusetts. In that in a dark hour of the Government's need it had been his father who was able to supply a business life and as an executive official fleet of gunboats. he displayed a strong personality, firm From the earliest days of the American mer ness of character and temperament, uni chant marine, Mallory has been a name con form courtesy, sympathetic and consider spicuously identified with its development, and ate treatment. These remarkable traits Mr. Henry R. Mallory not only well sustained the position of his distinguished family, but add of character not only won him the great ed to its prestige. est respect of his business associates, su It is not easy to express the indebtedness of bordinates, and competitors, but the love the owners of these properties to his untiring and admiration of all employees, inspiring energy and zeal for their welfare. As Presi others toward greater efforts and exemp dent of this company, and later as one of its di rectors, and as a director in the subsidiary com lifying those virtues which make personal panies, our enterprises always commanded his life true and strong. In his private life deepest interest and his best service. No mere and home circle he was approachable and platitudes of language can as adequately give to democratic; his friendship was hearty Mr. Mallory the tribute that is his due, as do the and rung with honesty, which cemented a achievements of his long and active life. He was, in the finest sense of the term, a gen lasting and enduring affection among tleman of the old school, characterized by cour those who came into contact with him. tesy and gentleness, sincere consideration for At his summer home, located at Byram others, personal rectitude and unimpeachable in Shore, Greenwich, Connecticut, he ever tegrity, a loyal and helpful friend, and always a welcomed his relatives and friends with valuable citizen. Of him it may well be said generous hospitality and a cheering word that his life was a sermon which, in the silent eloquence of quiet deeds, preached constantly to of good fellowship. The following is an his fellow-men the lasting value of right living. extract from the minutes of a stated In his death we sustain a deep personal loss, monthly meeting of the board of directors and we extend to his family and other personal of the Atlantic, Gulf, and West Indies associates our profound sympathy in their sor Steamship Lines : row. A. R. Nicol, The death of Henry R. Mallory brings a loss Secretary. to this company in which all American shipping interests have a share. Mr. Mallory brought to Mr. Mallory's health began to fail in his business life an inheritance of the sea, com 191 7. The end came suddenly as he was mencing with the construction by his grandfather of the first American clipper ships, which were spending the winter season at Winter at the foundation of our early merchant ma Park, Florida, March 4, 1919. The funer rine. This ancestral title was confirmed when al services were held at the Rye Presby his father enlarged and developed the business terian Church, at Rye, New York, the thus established, and provided the atmosphere of services being conducted by Rev. L. Ma the boyhood and youth of Mr. Mallory which im planted in him the spirit that led to his illus son Clarke, of the First Presbyterian trious career in the marine development of our Church of Brooklyn, New York, an inti country. mate friend of Mr. Mallory, assisted by

17 A.B.-6-2 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Rev. Charles G. Sewell, of Rye, New vere loss, not only by the great interests York. The honorary pall-bearers were with which he was directly associated, mainly his business associates in the but by the business world-at-large, and by steamship world. Galen L. Stone, presi a great number of personal friends and dent of the Atlantic, Gulf and West In associates who valued him for his char dies Lines ; Alexander H. Nicol, treas acteristics as a man. urer of that corporation ; Harry H. Ray Charles Mallory, son of Charles Henry mond, president of the Clyde and Mal- and Eunice D. (¿lift) Mallory, was born lory Lines; Alfred Gilbert Smith, presi January 18, 1845, at Mystic, Connecticut, dent of the Ward Line ; Franklin D. and as a lad attended the schools of that Mooney, president of the Porto Rico place. He then became a pupil at the fa Steamship Company ; Edwin M. Bulkley, mous school of Dr. Gold at Green Hill, of Spencer, Trask & Company; William Cornwall, Connecticut, where he was pre Mason, J. Barstow Smull, and George P. pared for college. He then entered Yale Barron, of Rye. Thus the last sad rites University, and after his graduation be were paid to one who was widely known came a clerk in his father's establish in the shipping world, of the fourth gen ment. He had become interested at an eration of Mallorys who had dedicated early age in the conduct of the business, their lives to the struggles, disasters, and an interest that was greatly fostered and successes of the wide, wide sea. developed by his training. In the office Mr. Mallory is survived by his wife, he was given a thorough grounding in Mrs. Cora (Pynchon) Mallory, who is a business methods generally. Upon the lineal descendant of William Pynchon, death of his father the steamship line the founder of Springfield, Massachusetts, passed into the hands of the three young a daughter of Daniel Pynchon, of that men, with Henry Rogers Mallory as pres city. The marriage ceremony took place ident, Charles Mallory as vice-president, in Springfield, December 2, 1873. The and Robert Mallory as treasurer. Charles children by this marriage are: Cora, the Mallory took for his special activity the wife of Frank C. Munson, of New York development of the construction work en City; Clifford Day, of Greenwich, Con tered into by the concern. He was him necticut ; and Philip Rogers, of Rye, New self something of a genius in this line, York. and the many splendid vessels were the result of this genius, being constructed from plans and designs made by himself. MALLORY, Charles, This always remained his particular func tion until toward the end of his life he re Mam of Affaira. tired from active work. There are few names that have been Although the great steamship company more closely identified with the history of which he was vice-president was Mr. of the American merchant marine dur Mallory's chief concern and possibly his ing the generation just past than that of most notable achievement, he did not by Charles Mallory, vice-president of the any means limit his activities to its devel New York and Texas Steamship Com opment. On the contrary he was affili pany, and one of the representative busi ated with many other interests, especially ness men of the period. His death, which those in connection with the affairs of occurred on July 8, 1918, was felt as a se Port Chester, New York, where he made 18

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY his home. He always took the keenest in should be mentioned the Hamilton Club terest in the welfare of that place and of Brooklyn, the Crescent Club of Brook contributed generously of both his time lyn, the New York Athletic Club and and fortune towards its advancement. similar organizations in Canada and Flor One of the greatest services which he did ida. Mr. Mallory was exceedingly fond for Port Chester was the founding and of fishing and gratified his taste in this development of the present United Hos direction whenever his time would per pital of Port Chester, in association with mit. His winter home was at Brooklyn, a group of other public-spirited men. The but in 1904 he built his charming summer idea of this hospital originated with Mrs. residence at Clifton-on-the-Sound, near Mallory, and to its carrying out he de Port Chester, and spent much time in ar voted much of his time and energy. Prior ranging and beautifying the estate, with to Mr. Mallory's connection with the in which his house was surrounded. It now stitution it had been known as the "La abounds with beautiful flowers, shrubs dies' Hospital" and was located in an old and trees and it was there that he spent wooden structure. Mr. Mallory became as much of his time as possible during a member of the advisory board, and his the latter years of his life, living out-of- energy and foresight were principally in doors among his flowers and devoting his strumental in its transformation into the time to yachting, fishing and sailing. modern institution which is now one of Charles Mallory was united in mar the largest of its kind in Westchester riage, October 23, 1872, at Milan, Ohio, county. He promoted both theoretically with Maria Louise Dimon, a daughter of and practically the erection of the great George and Elizabeth (Hubbell) Dimon,' modern structure on the Post Road and and a member of an old New England was elected first vice-president of the family. Hospital Association, a post which he A friend of Mr. Mallory, who had continued to hold to the close of his life. known him for many years, remarked of He was always ready to contribute large him at the time of his death that "he was ly of his fortune to this institution, and a good man and a fine gentleman" and it was his generosity which in a great these words accurately describe his char measure enabled it to bridge over some acter and personality. Indeed the great difficult episodes in its history. At the success which he achieved is attributable time of his death Mr. Mallory was a to no one factor more than to the strength member of the Chamber of Commerce, of character which won for him justly the the Union League of New York, the En title of a good man. Without doubt, the gineers' Club of New York, the New fundamental virtues of courage and hon York Yacht Club, the Brooklyn Club, the esty formed the real basis of his character Automobile Club of America, the Larch- which was, however, endowed with many mont Club, the Indian Harbor Yacht others, scarcely less noteworthy. He was Club, the Greenwich Country Club, the a man of tolerant and charitable view Manursing Club, and a number of other point, possessing a sympathetic feeling organizations. In his religious belief he for others. He was a man of broad intel was a Presbyterian and attended the lect and of a mind which was continually church of that denomination at Port seeking to explore new realms of knowl Chester. Among other important clubs edge, a taste which he gratified through with which Mr. Mallory was connected out his life and which inevitably led him 19 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY to become the well-informed and highly- the fall of 1863. He participated in the cultivated man that he was. Thrown con battles of South Mountain, Antietam, stantly with other brilliant minds from all Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson and parts of the world in the carrying on of Knoxville. In 1864 he was elected cir his great business, he developed that cos cuit court commissioner. Since that date mopolitan outlook which is the founda he had participated in every political con tion of all true culture, a culture which test, being early recognized as a success was reflected in his every opinion and ful and popular campaign speaker. In which made him the most delightful of 1865 he was elected prosecuting attorney comrades and friends. He was quite un for Kalamazoo county, and in 1868 was ostentatious in his loyalty to those with re-elected. In 1869 he declined the office whom he was associated. Domestic in of supervisor of internal revenue for his feelings, he took his keenest pleasure Michigan and Wisconsin, tendered him in the association of his home life, and by President Grant, and in 1872 was elect the long years of his union with Mrs. ed to Congress on the Republican tick Mallory were unusually harmonious ones. et. He served on the committees of claims and expenditures in the War Department, and made his first speech, December 17, BURROWS, Julius Caesar, 1873, in favor of the repeal of the salary grab act. In 1878 he was re-elected, serv Soldier, National Legislator. ing from 1879 to 1883, and after his elec Julius Caesar Burrows, Senator, was tion in 1884 served continuously until born at North East, Erie county, Penn January 23, 1895. sylvania, January 9, 1837, °f New Eng In the House, Mr. Burrows won for land ancestry. himself a commanding position, his During his boyhood his parents re speech on the McKinley tariff bill in the moved to Ashtabula county, Ohio, where Fifty-first Congress placing him in the he attended the district school and after forefront of defenders of the policy of ward Kingville Academy. During the protection. In the same Congress he was winter of 1853-54 he taught school and chairman of the committees on levees and then attended Grand River Institute, improvements on the Mississippi river, Austinburg, Ohio, for a year. At nine and in Fiftieth and Fifty-first Congresses teen he was principal of Madison Semi served on the committee on ways and nary, Lake county, Ohio, and in 1858-59 means. He was twice chosen speaker of the Union School at Jefferson, Ohio, pro tempore. In 1884 he was appointed where he also read law with Cadwell & solicitor of the United States Treasury Simonds. In i860 he removed to Michi Department, by President Arthur, but de gan, taking charge of Richland Seminary, clined the honor. He was elected United Kalamazoo county, and in the spring of States Senator on January 15, 1895, to fill 1861 was admitted to practice in the Su out the term of Francis B. Stockbridge, preme Court of the State. deceased, and was re-elected for the term In the fall of that year he began the ending March 3, 1905, receiving the total practice of his profession at Kalamazoo, Republican vote. He was temporary but in 1862 entered military service, rais chairman of the Republican National Con ing a company of the 17th Michigan In vention in Chicago, 1908, also a member fantry, in which he served as captain until of the National Monetary Commission

cÙ/ал. &. Kjfáwsn nurt?. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and its vice-chairman during its existence. tral portions of the State. Mr. Steven During 1867-86 he was associated with son was nominated by the Democrats of Henry F. Severens in the practice of law. Bloomington district in 1874 for Con Senator Burrows married (first) in gress. The district had been safely Re 1856, Jennie S. Hubbard, of Ashtabula publican by an almost invariable major county, Ohio, who died in i860, leaving ity of 3,000. His opponent was General one daughter. He married (second) in McNulta, one of the leading Republican 1865, Frances S. Peck, of Kalamazoo, orators of the State. The canvass was a Michigan. He died November 16, 1915 remarkable one, the excitement at times resulting in intense personal antagonisms between the friends of the candidates. STEVENSON, Adlai Ewing, Mr. Stevenson was successful. His ma jority in the district exceeded 1,200. He Vice-Preiident. was in Congress during the exciting Adlai Ewing Stevenson was born in scenes incident to the Tilden-Hayes con Christian county, Kentucky, October 23, test in 1876. His party renominated him 1835, and received his preliminary edu for Congress a second time. In this con cation in the common schools of his na test he was defeated, but in 1878, having tive county. Later he entered Center been nominated for the third time, he College at Danville, Illinois, and when he was again elected, increasing his majority was sixteen years old removed with his in the district to 2,000. At the expiration father's family to Bloomington, Illinois, of his second congressional term, he re where he studied law and was admitted sumed the practice of law in Blooming to the bar. In 1859 he settled at Meta- ton. He was a delegate to the Demo mora, Woodford county, Illinois, and en cratic National Convention of 1884 in gaged in the practice of his profession. Chicago, and after the election of Grover Here he remained for ten years, during Cleveland as President of the United which time he was master in chancery States, was appointed first assistant post of the Circuit Court for four years, and master-general, the duties of which are district attorney for a like period. The very exacting. During his encumbency conspicuous ability with which he dis of this office he had charge of all appoint charged the duties of these responsible ments, and ably seconded the President offices attracted the favorable attention in his civil service reforms, never dis of the people of the State, and in 1864 missing a faithful employee for political he was nominated by the Democratic reasons. His democratic habits and party for presidential elector. In the in manners and his affability and invariable terest of General McClellan, the nominee courtesy created a host of friends for of his party for the presidency, he can him. After retiring from the office of vassed the entire State, speaking in every the first assistant postmaster-general at county. the expiration of Mr. Cleveland's term, At the expiration of his term as district Mr. Stevenson returned to Bloomington. attorney in 1869, he returned to Bloom President Hayes, in 1877, appointed him ington and formed a law partnership with a member of the board to inspect the J. S. Ewing. The firm had an extensive Military Academy at West Point. Mr. practice in the State and was considered Stevenson was chosen as one of the dele- one of the leading law firms in the cen gates-at-large to the National Democratic

21 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY for the vice-presidency on the ticket with was one of the first to locate a placer Mr. Cleveland. He was elected, serving claim at Horse Prairie, Montana, and throughout President Cleveland's second worked it with remarkable success for administration. two seasons. In the winter he trans In 1897 he was a member of the com ported a team load of products from Salt mission to Europe to try to secure bimet- Lake City, Utah, to the mining camps, alism. He was the unsuccessful Demo and meeting with success he repeated the crat candidate for the vice-presidency of trip the following winter. He became the United States in 1900, and for gover interested in 1865 in mercantile pursuits nor of Illinois in 1908. In the later years at Blackfoot City, Montana, and three of his life he lived in retirement at Bloom- years later in the wholesale grocery busi ington, Illinois. He died June 15, 1914. ness at Helena, Montana. The business Mr. Stevenson married a daughter of in 1870 was removed to Deer Lodge in the late Rev. Dr. Lewis W. Green, presi that territory, and in the same year he dent of Center College in Danville, Ken established a banking house. This in tucky, December, 1866. stitution was in 1871 reorganized into a national bank with Mr. Clark as the president, and the banking interests were CLARK, William Andrews, further extended by establishing a house in Butte City, which grew into one of the Capitalist, Han of Affairs. largest financial institutions of the West. William Andrews Clark was born at Mr. Clark to fit himself for a mining Connellsville, Fayette county, Pennsyl career, in the winter of 1872-73, took a vania, January 8, 1839. He is the son of course in practical assaying and analysis John and Mary (Andrews) Clark, and a at Columbia University. He had already grandson of John Clark, a native of Ire purchased several copper mines near land, who emigrated to this country soon Butte City, and in these properties silver after the Revolutionary War. was discovered. He organized in May, During his early years, William A. 1879, the Colorado and Montana Smelt Clark worked on his father's farm in the ing Company, also other subsidiary com summer and attended the district school panies, serving as president or on the through the winter months and he was board of directors of the following: afterwards sent to the Laurel Hill Acad United Verde Copper Company ; May emy. His parents, in 1856, removed to flower; Moulton; Ophir Hill Consoli Iowa, where young Clark taught school dated; Original Consolidated ; Original; and studied law, though he never prac and the Sunset Mining companies. He tised, at the Mt. Pleasant University, lo also became interested in the San Pedro, cated in the town of that name in Iowa. Los Angeles & Salt Lake Railroad Com He continued his teaching in Iowa and pany ; the Las Veges & Tonopah Rail Missouri until 1862, when he went to road Company ; the United Verde & Pa Colorado. He worked for a year in a cific Railway Company; the Butte Elec quartz mine near Central City in that tric Railway Company; the Empire Cat State. The following year he removed tle Company; the Clark Montana Realty to Montana, locating at Bannock. He Company; Colusa-Parrot Mining and Convention in Chicago in 1892, and was Smelting Company ; Los Alamitios Sugar serving in that capacity when nominated Company; the Los Corritos Company;

22

фЛкЦЕ.рииц ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Montana Land Company; Natural Min of Butte City, Montana, a daughter of eral Water Company; the W. A. Clark Dr. La Chapelle, of that city, a firm and Brother; Waclark Realty Company; friend and business associate. He main Waclark Wire Company ; Western Lum tains a residence and business offices at ber Company ; and Western Montana Butte City, Montana, and a winter resi Flouring Company. His metallurgical dence in New York City. knowledge combined with his practical skill in handling metals have largely de termined his success. RILEY, Captain William Eugene, During the Nez Perces outbreak of Business Man, Civil War Veteran. 1877, he served as major of a battalion which pursued Chief Joseph and his band America has every reason to be proud of savages. He was appointed by the of her citizens who have come to her call territorial governor of Montana, in 1876, in every crisis and proven their loyalty by to represent the territory at the Centen valorous defense. Among the many who nial Exposition at Philadelphia, and in went to the front at the time of the Civil 1885 by Governor Carpenter a commis War was Captain William Eugene Riley, sioner to the New Orleans Exposition. who was active in the defense of the He served as president of the constitu Union for three years. In peace times he tional convention of 1884 and 1889, and was a well-known railroad man, and later in 1888 was defeated for Congress on connected with banking interests of Wa- account of a breach in his party. In terbury. Captain Riley was born in Hart politics Mr. Clark was always a consistent ford county, Connecticut, in the town of and active Democrat. He was elected East Hartford, December 19, 1826, son in 1890 to the national senate, but was of Samuel and Percy (Brewer) Riley. Af unable to take his seat owing to confu ter attending the public schools he be sion arising from the organization of two came a student in the East Hartford Montana legislatures. There were two Academy, and at the age of fourteen gave sets of senators elected and the Republi up his studies to follow the sea, as his an cans secured the seats. He was again cestors had done generations before him. elected in 1899, but a committee of the He followed the sea for seven years, and Senate produced evidence that bribery in 1852 went to California, settling in Si had been committed, and reported a reso erra county, where he engaged in busi lution declaring that the election was ness. He soon won a host of friends in void. Senator Clark, while the resolu the community and was held in high es tion was pending, resigned, May 11, 1900. teem by everyone. He was prominent in He was re-elected in November of that public affairs, and was elected justice of year, and in January 16, 1901, was re the peace in 1854, and in this position he elected for a full term, took his seat, discharged his duties with marked fair March 4, 1901, and served until March ness and faithfulness. While in this office 3, 1907. Senator Clark is noted for his he performed many marriage ceremonies. unostentatious benevolence. In i860 the community again honored He married (first) in March, 1869, Kate Captain Riley by electing him associate L. Stauffer of Connellsville, Pennsylva judge of the Court of Sessions, and he nia, who died in 1893. He married (sec again discharged his duties with marked ond) May 25, 1901, Anna E. La Chapelle, capability and faithfulness, continuing in

23 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY this office until after the outbreak of the agent for the New York & New England Civil War. Railroad, which position he filled with Captain Riley had planned to enlist in great satisfaction for some time. He was the Black Horse Cavalry of California, next appointed supply agent for the Nau but upon hearing from his parents that gatuck Railroad, and he held this posi one brother had enlisted and that his tion until he accepted that of bookkeeper younger brother was about to be drafted, with the Manufacturers' National Bank. he determined to return to Connecticut. Captain Riley occupied that position most He returned home and enlisted, however, acceptably for five years, and on account in the First Connecticut Cavalry under of ill-health was forced to resign, spend General Custer, becoming a member of ing his remaining days in retirement. Company A under Captain Andrew W. Captain Riley was married in East Bowen. He was mustered in as a private Hartford, October 21, 1867, to Harriet September 30, 1862, and again his faith Bissell Allen, who was born in Vernon, fulness to duty earned for him rapid pro Connecticut, October 20, 1839, daughter motions, and in a month's time, on No of Salmon and Louise (Johnson) Allen. vember 1, 1862, he was promoted to the The Allen coat-of-arms is as follows: rank of first corporal. He became quar termaster sergeant February 1, 1863, and Arms — Paly of ten argent and azure, over all first sergeant December 18, 1863. He was a cross potent, or. Crest — A demi-lion azure holding in his paws promoted to the rank of second lieutenant the rudder of a ship or. of Company F in the same regiment, Feb Motto — Fortiter gerit crucem. ruary 10, 1864, became first lieutenant June 1, of that year, and on July 3, 1864, Mrs. Riley is a descendant of some of was commissioned captain of Company K. the oldest New England families, tracing He was very popular with the men under her descent from the Johnson, Noble and his command, and won the respect of his Allen families. Her great-grandfather, superiors. While at the front he took Johnson, came to America from England part in all the battles of the Potomac, in and took a township in New Hampshire, cluding the engagements at Spottsylvania and later removed to Willington, Connec Courthouse, Stephensburg, Cedar Creek, ticut. Mrs. Riley was educated in the Winchester, Five Oaks and others. Al schools of Vernon and in the State Nor though in poor health, Captain Riley did mal School at New Britain, and afterward not resign his position until June 25, 1865, taught in the public schools of her native at which time the fighting had ceased city and in East Hartford, devoting eleven and there remained nothing to be done years to the profession. She is one of the save the final adjustment, Lee having sur oldest living public school teachers in the rendered two months before. State. Mrs. Riley proved most capable in Upon his return home Captain Riley her profession, imparting clearly and free became agent for the Naugatuck Railroad ly to others the knowledge that she had Company at Litchfield, and there con acquired, and her efforts were an effective tinued until he was given the position of element in advancing the school interests freight agent at Hartford for the Hart of both Vernon and East Hartford. She ford, Providence & Fishkill Railroad is a lady of liberal education, and Company. He remained in that position throughout her life has devoted much until he was transferred to Waterbury as time to religious and charitable work. 24 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Mrs. Riley has lived in the same house piness around his own fireside, and to all over fifty years, and in point of years she who knew him he was a model man, a is the oldest woman in the neighborhood. loving husband, kind and human citizen, She is a gentlewoman of culture and re a man of quiet, modest demeanor, but of finement, and is justly held in high es strong and endurable character. teem by the community. She holds mem bership in the First Congregational Church of Waterbury, and has been BANCROFT, Timothy Whiting, teacher of the ladies' class in the Sunday school. She is a member of the Woman's Educator, Author. Club of Waterbury, and always keeps in Timothy Whiting Bancroft, for more touch with the trend of modern thought than twenty years associated with the and progress. To Captain and Mrs. Ri teaching force of Brown University, and ley were born two children: William, a member of its faculty, a conspicuous fig who was born in December, 1869, and ure in the educational world of New Eng died in the same month ; and Florence land and in literary circles of this coun H., who was born September 29, 1875, try, whose death at his home in Provi and passed away the following day. dence, December 8, 1890, removed a po While a resident of Waterbury, Captain tent influence for good in the community Riley made his home in Hawkins street, at large, was a member of an old and di- where he purchased a pleasant cottage, tinguished New England family, and a which is still occupied by his widow. In son of Timothy and Sarah Bigelow (Har politics he was a staunch Republican, giv rington) Bancroft, old and highly re ing loyal support to the party which was spected residents of Worcester, Massa for the defense of the Union at the time chusetts. Professor Bancroft was born at of Civil War, and has always been the his father's home in Worcester, Massa party of reform and progress. He never chusetts, March 9, 1837, and it was there sought office, however, but was content that his childhood and early youth were to do his duty as a private citizen. He spent. As a lad he attended the local was scrupulous in his regard for the public school of that place, displaying rights of others, and gave to every man even at that early age a remarkable apti the right of opinion as freely as he de tude for acquiring and attaining knowl manded it for himself. He belonged to edge, so that he was regarded as one of the Masonic fraternity, and his habits and the best pupils in the school. He was manner of life exemplified the beneficent graduated from the high school there, af spirit upon which the order is based. The terwards preparing for college, and imme death of Captain Riley occurred at his diately entered Brown University, with home in Hawkins street, November 30, which institution so much of the remain 1897, and he was laid to rest in River der of his life was to be identified. At side Cemetery, the community mourning Brown he took the usual classical course the loss of an honorable, upright citizen, and won for himself an honorable place who in times of peace was as true and in the regard both of his fellow under loyal to his country as he was when dur graduates and his masters and instruct ing the Civil War he fought upon the bat ors, who realized that in him they had tlefields of the South. He was devoted met with one possessing an unusual ca to his home and found his greatest hap pacity as a student. He was graduated

25 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY from Brown University with the class of in shaping their lives and education. But 1859, and in 1861 was offered the position Professor Bancroft did not by any means of principal of the high school at Wal- confine his labors to the class room. His tham, Massachusetts, which he accepted own nature was one which craved strong and which he held for the next two years. ly for some expression, and his achieve In 1863 he gave up the profession of teach ments in the realm of original literature ing for a short time and engaged in busi and historical writings were hardly, if ness at Boston, Massachusetts, but find any, second to his work as a teacher. He ing this life not so congenial to his tastes was the author of a number of important and habits, he willingly accepted the of work on English literature, among which fer of the position of principal of the high should be mentioned: "A Method of school at Newton, Massachusetts, and ac English Composition," published in cordingly went to that city. In 1868, how 1884; "Historical Outlines of the Eng ever, his alma mater did Mr. Bancroft lish Language," and "Historical Out the honor of asking him to fill the vacant lines of American Literature." He was chair of Rhetoric and English. This he also a poet of rare gift and talent, and in at once accepted, and from that time until addition to a number of important poems, 1890, the year in which his death occur contributed many delightful articles to red, he was constantly identified with newspapers, magazines and other period this university and became one of its most icals. In his religious belief Professor valued and honored members. Professor Bancroft was a Baptist, and was a mem Bancroft was elected a member of the ber of the First Church of that denomina faculty of Brown University, and held in tion in Providence. He was always ac high esteem by all his colleagues and as tive in church work, and in spite of his sociates there, and by the teaching pro many and important duties, served hum fession throughout the country. There is bly as teacher in the Sunday school for at the present time a fine portrait of him many years, and for eight years acted as hanging in the great hall of the universi its superintendent. He was licensed by ty. Professor Bancroft united in himself the church to preach, and often availed all the essential qualifications of the suc himself of this privilege in the churches of cessful teacher, possessing at once the Providence and elsewhere in the sur profound knowledge of his subjects, a de rounding region. lightful style of imparting that knowledge Professor Bancroft was united in mar to others, the broad and profound sym riage, February 2, 1870, with Sarah D. J. pathy with human nature which enabled Rathbone, a daughter of George S. and him to judge keenly of those who sat be Ester Dunn (Jones) Rathbone, old and neath him, and a genius for leadership highly respected residents of this place. which carried them with him eagerly To Professor and Mrs. Bancroft three through the realms of knowledge in children were born, as follows : Ester D. which he would take them. There are R., at home with her mother ; Louise W., many men today, who having studied un also at home ; Edward Rathbone, married der him during their youth, are now both Genevieve Doyle, and has two sons : Ed better and more capable members of so ward Rathbone, Jr., and William Man- ciety, and who owe him the deepest kind ton, cotton broker, here in Provi of obligations because of the part he took dence. 26 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

JOHNSON, Hiram Warren, United States Senator and was elected to that office, taking his seat, March 4, 1917, United States Senator. succeeding Senator John D. Works, of Hiram Warren Johnson is a product of Los Angeles, California. the Golden State. He was born in Sacra Senator Johnson married, in 1886, mento, California, September 2, 1866. Minnie L. McNeal, of Sacramento, Cali The family was of New England parent fornia. age and came to California in its early pioneer days. Young Johnson received his early edu CALDER, William M., cation in the public schools of his native city. His inclinations being toward the United States Senator. legal profession, he commenced the study One of the present Senators from New of law and was admitted to the Califor York State is William M. Calder. He nia bar in 1887. He commenced the prac is to the manner born ; Brooklyn, New tice of his profession in Sacramento. At York, is credited with being his birth the time of the boodling cases in 1906 place, on March 3, 1869. He received his and 1907, in San Francisco, he was promi early education in the public schools of nently brought before the attention of that city, where he has always resided, the people of the State. These cases in and also attended Cooper Institute, New volved the leading city officials and al York City. Having no desire for a pro most all of the public utility corporations fessional life, on becoming of age he be of San Francisco. Many prominent of came interested in building dwelling ficials and politicians were found guilty houses in Brooklyn, of which he has and received prison sentences. His efforts erected nearly a thousand. for honest government brought him so Senator Calder was made, in 1902-03, prominently before the people of the building commissioner for the city of State that he was urged to become a Brooklyn. This brought him into politics candidate for Governor. Submitting to and he became an aggressive and active the wishes of the people, he became their Republican. He became a candidate in standard bearer, endorsing the principles 1905 for Congress, from the Sixth Dis of the Progressive Republican Party. He trict of Nf.w York, which is located in was elected and was inaugurated in 191 1, the residential section of Brooklyn. He for a four years' term. was elected by a handsome plurality and Governor Johnson, by his election, be took his seat, March 4, 1905, in the Fifty- came a prominent factor in the organizing ninth Congress. He was re-elected to and founding of the National Progressive every subsequent Congress up to and in party. He was a delegate to the Na cluding the Sixty-fourth. His career in tional convention of the party at Chi the House of Representatives was mark cago, Illinois, in 1912, and was chosen as ed by a close attention to business, and their candidate for vice-president on the though not a finished orator his remarks ticket which was headed by Theodore always secured the attention of his col Roosevelt. Governor Johnson was re leagues. He attended, as a delegate, the nominated and re-elected Governor for a Republican National Conventions of 1908 second term, but during his second guber and 1912, held in Chicago, Illinois. natorial term he became a candidate for The term of James A. O'Gorman as

27 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Senator from New York expired at the turned a large and flattering plurality. end of the Sixty-fourth Congress. Mr. All of the above is public knowledge, Calder, though urged by his friends and known to all who have followed political associates, was reluctant to become a can events in the city of Yonkers and in the didate for the office. Yielding to their State. That side of his character which urgent demands he finally consented, and was known only to his more intimate his name was placed before the people friends, but which is worthy of higher of the State as a candidate for the Re tribute than political prominence, was his publican nomination for United States passionate love of his home and his ten Senator, in the primary election. The der regard for his children. Here this voice of the people proclaimed him by a able leader found relief from the cares of substantial vote their choice, and as a public life and inspiration for the faith Republican nomination was equivalent to ful service he so long rendered his city. an election, he was elected to the Sixty- Yonkers paid him due homage when he fifth Congress as a Senator from New lay in state in the City Hall, the first per York, and took his seat March 4, 1917. son in the history of the city to be so hon Senator Calder married, in 1893, Cath ored. erine E. Harloe, of Poughkeepsie, New James Thomas Lennon was born in the York. city of Yonkers, New York, April 6, 1869, in the house at No. 28 Parker street, and died February 6, 1919, in St. Joseph's Hos LENNON, James Thomas, pital. He attended the public schools of the city of his birth, including a course Man of High Qualities. in the high school, and then pursued pro In the accidental death of James Thom fessional studies in the College of Phar as Lennon the city of Yonkers lost a macy of New York, whence he was grad mayor and citizen, and the State of New uated in 1890. His business and pro York a political leader from whom every fessional life, like his political and home one had expected many years more ser relations, was entirely connected with vice and even greater political and civic Yonkers, and for fifteen years, in partner achievements. Mr. Lennon entered the ship with A. H. Van Houten, who later political arena after a successful business became city treasurer, he conducted a career in his profession, pharmacy, and pharmacy on Elm street, and his own for eight years he was a strong figure in pharmacy at No. 177 Ashburton avenue. Democratic councils before he accepted The place of business of Mr. Lennon and public office. His record as a public ser Mr. Van Houten became the informal vant dates from 1904, when he became re gathering place of the younger element in ceiver of taxes for Yonkers, and from that the Democratic party in the Sixth Ward, time until his death, which resulted from and in this circle Mr. Lennon's views and his being run over by an automobile, he opinions carried great weight. During occupied public place. How well his the political storm of 1896, when the sil work was appreciated and how highly he ver platform of William Jennings Bryan was esteemed by his fellows was shown created such dissention in the party, he at the polls on many occasions, when, assumed the Democratic leadership, a po whatever the fate of his fellow party can sition that was never successfully disputed didates, Mr. Lennon was invariably re during the remainder of his life. For 28 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

twenty years he was chairman of the Ella Butler, of Brooklyn, New York, and Democratic city committee of Yonkers, they were the parents of: Helen W., mar having been re-elected annually without ried William Anderson ; James Thomas, opposition, and in 1904 he was appointed Jr., served with the American Expedition by Mayor Michael J. Walsh to his first ary Forces in France ; Winifred C, Ma public office, receiver of taxes. Four rion R., Agnes M., Francis X., Albert A., years afterward, in 1908, Mr. Lennon was Irene, Edmund. elected comptroller of Yonkers, enjoying the honor of being the only Democrat on the entire ticket to be placed in office. He READ, William Francis, relinquished this office to enter upon the Representative Citizen. performance of his duties as mayor, to which place he was elected in 1910, and The surname Read is found not only in subsequently re-elected in 1912, 1914, and England, where it has been in use since 1916, the only mayor of the city to serve the beginning of the surname era, but in for four successive terms, retiring from Ireland and Scotland. The name had its office, January 1, 1918. The qualities that origin in the medieval English adjective distinguished him during his long public of color — reed or rede, which signifies lit career were keen insight into political erally red, and was applied as a nickname conditions and knowledge of men and to one of ruddy complexion. Early Eng purposes, an individuality, striking and lish registers abound with entries, which forceful, and an alertness of mind that is evidence of the fact that as early as the found ready expression in his earnest elo twelfth century the family was well estab quence in speech or debate. His death lished. The pedigree of the English was tragic in its suddenness and violence, Reads, of which the American family are and large numbers of his friends and as an offshoot, covers fifteen generations be sociates mourn his absence from his ac fore the immigration. The line descends customed place as men only can mourn from Brianus De Rede, of Morpeth, on the loss of one whose presence was an in the Wensback river, in 1139, through spiration and whose company a constant William; Robert; Golfinus; Thomas; pleasure. Thomas (2) ; Thomas (3) ; John, Mayor Mr. Lennon was a devoted member of of Norwich, England, in 1388; Edward; the Roman Catholic church, belonging to William, a Professor of Divinity; Wil the St. Joseph congregation, and also liam (2) ; William (3) ; Matthew, an Es held membership in the Knights of Co quire; William (4), married Lucy Hen- lumbus. All branches of the work of the age ; and John Read, the founder of the church had his hearty support and co-op family in America. The New England eration. He also belonged to the Benevo Reads have figured prominently in the lent and Protective Order of Elks, the history of this section of the country Royal Arcanum, the Modern Woodmen since the middle of the seventeenth cen of America, the Independent Order of tury. Southeastern Massachusetts has Foresters, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, been the home of several particularly dis and the County Democratic Club. tinguished branches of the family, and it Mr. Lennon married, September 28, was here that the forebears of the late 1893, Winifred, daughter of Edward and Joseph R. Read, of New Bedford, one of 29 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the foremost business men of the city in June 21, 1699, Sarah Butterworth ; (sec the Civil War period, resided for six gen ond) Martha . erations. (IV) Noah Read, son of Thomas and (I) John Read, the immigrant ancestor, Martha Read, was born in Rehoboth, was born in England in 1598, the son of Massachusetts, December 26, 1717. He William and Lucy (Henage) Read, and married Anna Hunt, and died in Reho is said to have come to the American both, October 14, 1773. Colonies with the great fleet in 1630. He (V) Thomas (2) Read, son of Noah is first of record in Weymouth, in the and Anna (Hunt) Read, was born in Reh Massachusetts Colony, in 1637. In the oboth, December 25, 1752, and died there following year he was of Dorchester, September 2, 1816. He married Hannah whence he removed to that part of Brain- Bourne, who was born December 24, tree which is now Quincy. In 1643 ne 1761, died January 10, 1817. Mr. Read was one of the company which accom was a well known citizen and prosperous panied the Rev. Mr. Newman to Reho- farmer of Rehoboth. both, where his name appears the third on (VI) William Read, son of Thomas (2) the list of purchasers of the town. John and Hannah (Bourne) Read, was born in Read was prominent in the early town Rehoboth, October 19, 1785. During the government, and held the office of con greater part of his life he was a resident stable, then of considerable importance. of Somerset, but later removed to Fall He was a large land owner, and resided River, where he died November 2, 1863. in that part of Rehoboth which is now On March 6, 1807, he married Sarah Rog Seekonk, where he conducted an inn. John ers, and they were the parents of the fol Read married Sarah , and they lowing children: 1. Hannah, born Octo were the parents of thirteen children. He ber 9, 1808, died June 16, 1838. 2. Peter, died September 7, 1685, aged eighty-sev born January 22, 1810, died January 22, en years. 1811. 3. William, born February 13, 1811. (II) John (2) Read, son of John (1) 4. Thomas, born April 30, 1814, died Oc and Sarah Read, was born in Braintree, tober 5, 1822. 5. Francis Bourne, born Massachusetts, August 29, 1640. He re March 15, 1816. 6. Joseph R., mentioned moved to Rehoboth, where he is men below. 7. Julia Ann, born December 21, tioned in the records as "Mr.," a prefix 1821, died, unmarried, in 1904. which in those times possessed a distinc (VII) Joseph R. Read, son of William tion which has entirely departed from it and Sarah (Rogers) Read, was born in now, and which indicated that its bearer Somerset, Massachusetts, July 15, 1818. was a man of prominence in the commu On completing his schooling he learned nity. John Read, Jr., was killed by the the tailor's trade in Fall River, and later Indians, on March 21, 1676, in the fight went to New Bedford where he was em styled in Massachusetts Colonial records ployed as a cutter by the outfitting firm "Pierce's Fight." He married Rachel of O. & E. W. Seabury until 1850, when with Edward T. Taber, who had also been (III) Thomas Read, son of John (2) in the employ of the firm, he purchased and Rachel Read, was born in Rehoboth, the business. The business was conduct Massachusetts, July 23, 1672, and died ed very successfully under the firm name November 25, 1748. He married (first) of Read & Taber for several years. The

30

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^L ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY late Nathan Ellis was subsequently ad parents of the following children : 1. Cla mitted to partnership, and on his death, ra A., born September 28, 1845, died July Darius P. Gardner became a member of 9, 1914, while on a tour of Scotland. 2. the firm. Mr. Read remained the active William Francis, mentioned below. 3. head of the business from the time of tak Ella Howard, born December 13, 1850; ing it over in 1850 until his death in 1879. Miss Read makes her home in New Bed He was a business man of fine ability, ford. 4. Charles Warren, born January conservative in his investments, yet pro 19, 1853 ; married Elizabeth Williams, gressive in his policies, and under his di daughter of Theodore Dean Williams, of rection the business of Read & Taber be New Bedford. Joseph R. Read died at came the most flourishing of the kind in his home in New Bedford, Massachusetts, New Bedford. Mr. Read was for a quar September 12, 1879. ter century prior to his death one of the (VIII) William Francis Read, son of leading figures in business life in the Joseph R. and Cynthia A. (Potter) Read, city. was born in New Bedford, October 14, He was also active for many years in 1848. He married, November 22, 1879, public affairs in New Bedford, and al Eleanor Masters, of Syracuse, New York, though for a long period he refused to ac who died May 21, 1908. They were the cept political honors he was a vital fac parents of three sons: 1. Warren Kemp- tor in all movements for the advancement ton, born August 18, 1883 ; now in the of civic welfare. In 1874 he accepted employ of the Kilbourn Mill, New Bed nomination for office after continued urg ford ; married, October 27, 1907, Jessie ing, and was elected a member of the Sawyer, of Sharon, Massachusetts; their Board of Aldermen. At the expiration children are : Warren Kempton, Cynthia of his term he refused renomination, but A., and William S. 2. Joseph Masters, retained his active interest in civic af born 1885 ; a cotton broker of New Bed fairs until his death. Mr. Read was a ford ; married Amelia Haselton, of Rome, man of cultured and scholarly tastes, and New York ; their children are : Eleanor gave much of his leisure time to reading. M., Elizabeth H. and John H. 3. Everett His library contained valuable collections Preston, born April 25, 1887 ; married in all branches of literature. History and Pauline Mowry, of Rome, New York; historical research interested him deeply. they are the parents of one daughter, On November 17, 1844, Mr. Read mar Nancy. ried Cynthia A. Potter, who was born September 30, 1823, and died January 19, 1913, daughter of Jonathan and Cynthia Du PONT, Thomas Coleman, (Howard) Potter, and a lineal descendant Financier. of Nathaniel Potter, founder of the fam ily in America, who settled at Ports The Du Pont family is of French extrac mouth, Rhode Island, shortly after the tion and the great-grandfather of Thomas founding of the town, and was one of the C. Du Pont, Pierre Du Pont de Nemours, signers of the "Compact" in 1639. The a French economist and statesman, came Potter family has been prominent in to America in 1800, with his two sons: Rhode Island for over two hundred and Victor Marie and Elenthere Irenée. The fifty years. Mr. and Mrs. Read were the elder Du Pont had made the acquaintance 31 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of Thomas Jefferson when he represented tiously states it "looking for a job." This the United States at the Court of France he found in the erection of the enormous and they had become close friends. office building of the Equitable Life As Elenthere Irenée Du Pont established, surance Society of America. Millions in 1802, the Du Pont Powder Works on were involved in the enterprise, and when the Brandywine near Wilmington, Dela the building was finished he purchased ware. His son, Antoine Bidermann Du fifty-one per cent of the insurance com Pont, married Ellen Susan Coleman. pany's stock, which controlled over $600,- They were the parents of Thomas Cole 000,000 of assets. This was cheerfully man Du Pont, who was born in Louis surrendered without profit when the so ville, Kentucky, December II, 1863. His ciety was mutualized. preliminary education was obtained at At an expense of $30,000,000, he con Urbana, Ohio, and we find him a student structed a highway across the State of at the famous Chauncy Hall School of Delaware, which, with the adjoining land, Boston, in which he graduated to enter he presented to the Commonwealth. In the Massachusetts Institute of Technol the early part of 1918 he purchased the ogy, where he studied engineering. At controlling interest in the Waldorf-As the age of twenty he entered the service toria Hotel of New York City. He was of the Central Coal and Iron Company also elected president of the Industrial at Central City, Kentucky. By the time Finance Company, formed for the pur he was thirty he had become superinten pose of making loans to small borrowers dent of the mines and later was made whose character and earning capacity are president of the company. He also be their main capital. came president of the McHenry Coal He has always taken a great interest Company and the Main Jellico Mountain in the National Guard and has subscribed Coal Company. He removed in 1893 to abundantly to all war projects. He has Johnstown, Pennsylvania, to become been chairman of the Republican State manager of the Lorain Steel Company's Committee of Delaware since 1904, and plant, located in that city, also president a member of the National Committee of the Johnstown Passenger Railway since 1908. He is a director in many cor Company. porations, both manufacturing and finan Retiring from active business at the cial. He is a member of the American age of thirty-seven, he went to live at Society of American Engineers ; the En Wilmington, Delaware, in the home of gineering Association of the South ; the his ancestors. Two years later, at the American Society of Mining Engineers ; request of his kinsmen, he assumed the American Academy of Political and So presidencey of the E. I. Du Pont de Ne cial Science, and the Architects' Club. mours Powder Company and by reor His social clubs are the Rittenhouse and ganizing it so as to include many minor Southern of Philadelphia; Metropolitan concerns it controlled, he made it the of Washington ; Metropolitan, Lawyers, greatest enterprise of the kind in the Manhattan, New York Yacht, of New country. He resigned the presidency in York City ; Wilmington and Wilmington 1914 and sold out his large holdings of Country of Wilmington, Delaware. the company's stock. Mr. Du Pont married, at Wilmington, Mr. Du Pont, being in pursuit of active January 17, 1889, Alice Du Pont, of that duties, came to New York as he face city.

32 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

JEFFERSON, Joseph, old. He is also said to have appeared in an entertainment of "living statues." DiatisEsiaked Aetar. T. D. Rice, the celebrated "Jim Crow," Joseph Jefferson was born in Philadel had at that time burst upon Washington phia, February 20, 1829. He was the in his remarkable impersonations of negro third of the name, coming of a race of character, an entirely new novelty on the actors. His grandfather, Joseph Jeffer stage. Little Joseph Jefferson was great son, the first, was himself the son of an ly taken with this performance, and imi eminent English actor and manager. He tated him with such success that the co was born at Plymouth, England, in 1774. median took him upon the stage, blacked He came to this country, and made his and dressed him as a miniature likeness first appearance in New York, February of himself, producing him before the eyes 10, 1796, at the theatre in John street. of the astonished audience from the He continued attached to the same com mouth of a bag turned upside down. The pany until 1803, when he removed to effect was quite startling and a complete Philadelphia, and was permanently en success. Afterward the boy appeared in gaged in that city during a period of New York in a combat scene. twenty-seven years. He made his last In 1838 the family started west from appearance in New York at the Chatham Albany and played Utica and other Garden Theatre in August, 1824. He towns, arriving in Chicago, where they died at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Au played a short season, and then went to gust 6, 1832. Mr. Jeffersqn married, in Galena, Dubuque and other western 1800, Miss Fortune, by whom he had a towns, and so on to Memphis. In Mem large family of children. phis, Mr. Jefferson, Sr., obtained a job His son, Joseph Jefferson, who mar of decorating at the establishment of a ried Mrs. T. Burke, and was the father sporting gentleman who wanted the ceil of Joseph Jefferson of this review, was ing of his card-room frescoed; and so, esteemed a very excellent actor in "Old playing and painting, they arrived at Men." He was born in 1804, and died Mobile in October, 1842, when the yellow in Mobile, Alabama, November 24, 1842. fever was raging, and where the father He was educated for a scene painter, hav of the family died two weeks after their ing a great deal of artistic talent. arrival. Here the mother opened a board Joseph Jefferson, the third, was ing-house and here young Jefferson had brought up in the precincts of the thea the opportunity of acting with Mr. Mae- tre from the time he was an infant. When ready and the elder Booth. From Mobile living in the city of Washington, the they went to Nashville and other towns house where his father resided adjoined along the river, playing to small audi the theatre which he managed, and the ences and entering upon a course of most boy had the run of the establishment. primitive acting — absolute "barn-storm Here he remembered seeing Fannie ing," giving entertainments in the dining- Kemble, and Tyrone Power, the great room of hotels, barns and out-houses, or Irish comedian. As an infant he was fre anywhere that offered convenience. In quently taken upon the stage where a this manner they traveled through the child was required, his first public ap State of Mississippi, and then went to pearance having been as the child in Galveston, where the company with "Rolla." He was then about three years which Mr. Jefferson was engaged played 33 A.B.-Í-3 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY for a short season, and thence proceeded mained three weeks, when he sailed for through the leading towns of Texas into home. At the opening of Laura Keene's Mexico, following the United States army Theatre in Broadway, New York, in Sep into the latter territory. Returning to tember, 1857, Mr. Jefferson was engaged New Orleans, Mr. Jefferson resided in for the leading comedy characters. He Philadelphia, where he appeared at the made his first appearance that season as Arch Street Theatre under management Dr. Pangloss in Coleman's comedy, "The of Mr. Burton. He afterward conducted Heir at Law." In 1858-59 Tom Taylor's the dramatic performance at Peak's Mu "Our American Cousin" was produced seum at Philadelphia, and started on his with the most remarkable success of any first star engagement, during the contin piece of that period. Mr. Jefferson's per uance of which he learned that his mother formance of the shrewd, keen Yankee, was in Philadelphia, to which city he "Asa Trenchard," was an instance of ad returned. mirable character-acting entirely original In 1849 he married a Miss Lockyer, in his own mind, and a conception so an actress, at the time under engagement different from the customary stage Yan at the Chatham Theatre in New York. kee as to eventually obliterate that cari At the age of twenty-two, Mr. Jeffer cature from the stage. son played the important part of Mar- During Mr. Jefferson's engagement at ral in "A New Way to Pay Old Debts," Laura Keene's Theatre, he played New the elder Booth playing Sir Giles Over Noggs, in "Nicholas Nickleby ;" Caleb reach. He had two seasons of metro Plummer, in "The Cricket on the politan stock acting, and then went to Hearth ;" Dr. Pangloss, in "The Heir at Macon and Savannah, Georgia, in part Law ;" Bob Acres, in "The Rivals ;" and nership with a friend, where they man Dr. Ollapod, in "The Poor Gentleman." aged for a time the local theatres. During It is doubtful if any American actor has the next six years Mr. Jefferson was ever played any one of these characters engaged part of the time as an actor and with the careful excellence of Mr. Jeffer part as stage-manager in different cities, son, while, with the exception of one or in 1853 being stage-manager at the Balti two, no English comedian has ever ex more Museum for Henry C. Jarrett. In celled him in either of them. After "Our the next year he was manager for John American Cousin" was taken off the T. Ford of the theatre in Richmond, stage, "A Midsummer Night's Dream" Virginia, where the romantic drama of was produced, and Mr. Jefferson was to "The Sea of Ice" was produced with great have played Bottom, but after rehearsing success, and was followed by another the part, he saw that he would make a showpiece, entitled "The Naiad Queen." failure in it and accordingly resigned the At this theatre played during the season : character. He then took the play of "Our Agnes Robertson, Edwin Forrest, Ed American Cousin" on a starring tour, win Adams, and other noted actors. with the understanding that he would Mr. Jefferson sailed for England and give the management one-half the profits in London he made the acquaintance of for the use of the play. In i860 Mr. and was hospitably received by Robson, Jefferson went to California, and after Wright, Compton, Buckstone, Phelps, ward to Australia, meeting with great and other well-known players. From success in the latter country. At Hobart London he went to Paris, where he re Town, Mr. Jefferson played "The Ticket

34 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of-Leave Man" before a large audience, Its first performance was at the Adelphi including at least one hundred ticket-of- Theatre, where Mr. Jefferson had then leave men, who were quite ready to raze an engagement with Benjamin Webster, the theatre to the ground if one of their on Monday, September 5, 1865. The play kind were ill-treated by either playwright ran one hundred and seventy nights. At or actor. The play, however, was an the conclusion of his London engagement enormous success, and Mr. Jefferson be he acted in Manchester and Liverpool, came very popular in Hobart Town, and then took a sailing vessel for New especially among the criminals, who York. "Rip Van Winkle" was produced looked upon him as necessarily one of for the first time in America in Mr. them, since he understood and played Boucicault's version at the Olympic The the part of Bob Brierly with such truth atre, New York, September 3, 1866. It to nature. at once established itself in the hearts of In 1865 Mr. Jefferson left Melbourne American play-goers, and became thereaf and sailed for England via Callao and ter the most taking card in Mr. Jeffer Panama. On arriving in London he met son's collection. Dion Boucicault, to whom he suggested On December 20, 1867, in Chicago, working up the play which has since Mr. Jefferson married his second wife, been known as "Rip Van Winkle." Mr. Sarah Warren. He played an engage Jefferson's account of the way in which ment in Chicago, and afterward through he happened to hit upon this part is in the cities of the West, and from that teresting. During the summer of 1859 time forward, for more than twenty he boarded with his family at an old years, this drama was played by Mr. Dutch farm house in Pennsylvania, and Jefferson through all the principal cities while there came upon the "Life and of the United States. It is stated that Letters of Washington Irving," and was Mr. Boucicault received in purchase- greatly pleased to find therein a pleasant money and royalties for his work on reference to himself by Mr. Irving, who "Rip Van Winkle" about $25,000. In had seen him play Goldfinch in "The 1875 Mr. Jefferson made a third visit to Road to Ruin" at the Laura Keene London and Paris, and also visited Scot Theatre. Thinking of Washington Irv land and played at the Theatre Royal, ing, he thought of the "Sketch-book," Glasgow. He visited Ireland and played and then of Rip Van Winkle. The story at the Gaiety Theatre, Dublin, but did had already been dramatized three or not make a favorable impression upon four times, and had been acted in London the Irish audiences there. At Belfast, and without any great success. Mr. Jef however, "Rip Van Winkle" made a de ferson got together the various dramati cided hit. zations and out of them concoted one A few years before making this trip, which he played in Washington, under Mr. Jefferson purchased a plantation in the management of John T. Raymond. Louisiana, on Bayou Teche, where he The result was not entirely satisfactory, lived in the winter, while he spent the but still holding to the possibilities of summer on his farm, which he purchased the play, he offered it to Dion Boucicault in New Jersey. Besides his remarkable as a theme on his arrival in London. ability as an actor, Mr. Jefferson made Boucicault re-wrote the drama to about a considerable reputation in private as the condition it has been in ever since. an artist of decided ability of the im

35 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

pressionist school. His paintings are a thereby a fair view of his capacity and very pleasing reminder of those of the character. He was born November 6, celebrated French artist, Corot. In 1889- 1859, and began life's practical activities 90, Mr. Jefferson's autobiography was at an early age. He received his educa published in the "Century Magazine." As tion in the public schools of his native an actor Mr. Jefferson was remarkable for city — Buffalo — attended St. Joseph's Col having discarded most of the traditions lege, and was graduated from that insti of the stage, even in the performance of tution in the class of 1876. Immediately such well-worn characters as Bob Acres, after his graduation he entered upon the Dr. Pangloss, Dr. Ollapod, and others of study of law in the office of Charles F. the old English comedies. He seemed to Tabor, then a practicing lawyer in Buffalo, find unsuspected resources in these char who afterwards, through Mr. Sheehan's acters, as he did in all of those which he efforts, became attorney-general of the made his favorites. His absolute truth State. In January, 1881, Mr. Sheehan to nature in rendering stage characters passed his examination for the bar and was perhaps his most marked qual carried off the honors of his class. In 1882 ity. In his "Asa Trenchard" he placed he became associated in the practice of upon the stage a character whose sim the law with Mr. Tabor, under the firm plicity was only equalled by its absolute name of Tabor & Sheehan. This firm was verity as a transcription of a certain thereafter enlarged by the addition of American type. Deeply pathetic, at the John Cunneen, who also became attor same time vital with a humor peculiarly ney-general of the State, and of Mr. its own, his Rip Van Winkle stands out Coatsworth, the firm doing business in as one of the most brilliant and beauti the city of Buffalo. This continued until ful creations of the stage. This char January, 1895, when Mr. Sheehan took up acter perhaps has chained the attention his residence in the city of New York, and seized the fancy of the American and formed the firm of Sheehan & Collin, people more than any other outside the which continued for ten years. range of the Shakespearean drama. In 1905 a partnership was formed, com In the later years of his life he lived posed of Alton B. Parker, who had re in retirement, playing only a few weeks signed as chief judge of the Court of in each season in a few favorite parts. Appeals to run for President upon the He was an enthusiastic angler and re Democratic ticket in 1904, and Edward sided in the summer at Buzzard's Bay, W. Hatch, who resigned from the bench Massachusetts, where he enjoyed the of the Supreme Court to become a mem friendship of the late Grover Cleveland, ber of the firm which was constituted un also an ardent disciple of Isaak Walton. der the firm name of Parker, Hatch & Mr. Jefferson's death occurred April 23, Sheehan, and was continued until No 1905- vember 30, 1912, when Judge Parker re tired from the firm, which thereafter con tinued under the name of Hatch & Shee SHEEHAN, William Francis, han, until the first of October, 1915, and was dissolved by the retirement of Mr. Atteraey, Pmblie OfleUl. Hatch. It is difficult to write a memorial of "On January 1, 1916, Mr. Sheehan or William Francis Sheehan and convey ganized the firm of Ingraham, Sheehan &

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Moran — Judge Ingraham having resigned been selected by his party for five successive his position as presiding justice of the sessions as leader on the floor of the House Appellate Division of the Supreme Court against a restless, resourceful and aggressive ma jority, must possess qualities other than those of to enter such association. This firm con a successful politician. Mr. Sheehan is a born tinued until March 14, 1917, when it was parlimentarian, a well-equipped debater, an earn dissolved by the death of Mr. Sheehan. est and vigorous speaker, and an uncompromising The chronology expresses the instru partisan. He enjoys the distinction of having mentalities through which Mr. Sheehan been nominated consecutively more frequently for Speaker than any other man in the history exercised his professional activities and of the State, and with the exception of Edmund gained distinction for himself at the bar L. Pitts, who was elected in 1867, of being the of New York. The waves of passing youngest of seventy-one Speakers who have filled events soon obscure, if they do not quite this honorable position. obliterate, in the memories of men the most brilliant achievements. Life is so In 1888 Mr. Hill became Governor, and tense and active that the considerations at that time was formed a firm and lasting of men are ever with the present, and the friendship between Governor Hill and past rapidly fades into indistinct memory. Mr. Sheehan which lasted until the form Mr. Sheehan's career is among the most er's death. The political history of the remarkable of the many distinguished State during this period was fraught with men which this State has furnished, and unusual interest, not only among the lead in personal achievement he is entitled to ers of the rank and file of the Democratic a high place in its history. He was a large party, but in its great opponent, the Re man in every sense — physically and men publican party. While Mr. Hill and his tally. In his early days he was an athlete, supporters uniformly opposed the aspira which found expression in rowing, and he tions of Mr. Cleveland and his supporters, was stroke-oar in a crew which at one in which Mr. Sheehan joined, it is never time won the championship of America, theless the fact that the integrity of char in the ordeal of which he undoubtedly acter, which was enduring in Mr. Shee shortened his days. When he was twen han through every vicissitude of political ty-five years old he was elected a mem and professional life, engaged the confi ber of the Assembly from the First Dis dence of Mr. Cleveland, and the personal trict of Erie county, and took his seat in friendship which existed between them the Legislature in 1885, and was thereaf was never shattered. In every contest in ter elected for seven consecutive terms ; which Mr. Sheehan engaged he fought in was made the leader of his party for five the open, and no subterranean chicanery successive terms, and was a member of ever marred his life, political, professional the Judiciary and Ways and Means com or social. This Mr. Cleveland recognized, mittees during that period of time. In and while political contests were bitter, 1891, his party having secured a majority they did not abate respect for character. in the Assembly, he was elected its Speak In the autumn of 1891 Mr. Sheehan was er. In this year it was said of him in elected lieutenant-governor and became "Harper's Weekly:" the presiding officer of the Senate. His partisanship in those days was uncompro In these days of kaleidoscopic politics, a young mising, but in the discharge of his duties man barely thirty-one years of age who has been chosen by the same constituency to serve them he recognized his obligations, and no man for seven terms in the State Legislature, who has has ever presided over the deliberations 37 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of the Senate, who received more uniform ardent, uncompromising friends and bit commendation from both parties for dig ter enemies. Some of his friends were nity of bearing, impartiality of ruling and willing to go to all lengths for his suc urbanity in treatment. His sense of jus cess. Mr. Sheehan, with characteristic tice was a strong and dominating feature firmness, set himself as adamant against of his character, and in the exercise of any scheme for the promotion of his elec official power Mr. Sheehan maintained tion which would carry with it a taint of what was right with the same virility that any character. After he had reached the he exhibited in purely partisan matters. conclusion that he could not be elected, As a member of the Democratic State his only desire was to retire from the con Committee, and later as a member of the test with clean hands and an unstained National Committee, he was recognized reputation. This he succeeded in doing, as one of the strong and dominating char and finally was enabled to relieve him acters in forming and shaping the poli self from a candidacy, which he had deem cies of his party, and he came to be recog ed hopeless for a considerable time, with nized throughout the entire country as a reputation untarnished, with a character among the leaders of his party and did for integrity which had been raised much, probably as much as any other one among his fellowmen, and with the re man, in shaping its destinies, until the spect of all. Mr. Sheehan's last public ser nomination of Mr. Bryan, in 1896. Mr. vice was rendered as a delegate to the Sheehan disagreed then with the policies Constitutional Convention of 191 5. He which found dominating expression under devoted himself to the discharge of his Mr. Bryan's leadership. He opposed them duties in that relation with the same in with all his power, and when he failed re tensity of purpose that characterized all tired from active participation in political of his activities, and at the conclusion of affairs, until the nomination of Judge his labors therein he had established him Parker, in 1904, gave him the opportunity self in the confidence and esteem of his to lend efficient support through the man colleagues, and was recognized as one of agement of that campaign. During the the able and valuable members of the con intervening years and until 191 1, when vention. From his associates therein have Mr. Sheehan became a candidate for the come the highest tributes to his courage, United States Senate, his advice was con his ability and his efficiency. He took stantly sought by party leaders in Wash part in many of the important debates ington and by distinguished men of his of the convention, particularly on the party throughout the country. It may be amendments affecting home rule, reappor said that while he freely discussed polit tionment, budget, and the method of ical situations with all, he was out of har choosing State officers ; and as a mem mony with the policies of the Democratic ber of the Judiciary Committee, to which managers in Washington which prevailed he gave singular attention, he contributed during this period. His political activi from his vast store of experience acquired ties practically closed with his candi during his public career and in the courts dacy for the United States Senate in 191 1. many of the provisions which were incor During that strenuous period, which last porated in the Judiciary article. ed for over three months, he was subject Remarkable as Mr. Sheehan's political ed to tremendous strain. The situation career, his professional activities were produced abnormal difficulties; he had equally distinguished. In a city which 38 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY holds the leadership among the members scarcely a lawyer at this bar who had a of the bar of the country, he built up a wider acquaintance with the leaders of reputation for character and ability in the financial interests of this city than Mr. that branch of the law in which his pro Sheehan, and no man enjoyed a higher fessional activities found expression, reputation for character and ability. which placed him in the very first rank. Mainly, his professional activities were It is rare, indeed, in a city where compe expressed through corporate law. In the tition is as keen among lawyers as it is in organization of corporations, in devising the city of New York, that a large busi plans to meet business needs, in rescuing ness is established in a short period. It is business interests from disastrous condi usually through a line of several genera tions and in furnishing plans for rehabili tions that a controlling legal business is tation, he had no superior, and but few built up. Within two years after Mr. equals. So long as he remained in vig Sheehan came to New York and formed orous health he was constantly employed the firm of Sheehan & Collin, he had es in connection with corporate management tablished a business which embraced of large concerns by the leading business within its clientele numerous gas and elec men of this city engaged in such relation. tric light companies, railroads, a trust No man was more sensitive of his honor company and a general business which in his professional relations. He had been equaled in proportion and surpassed many criticised and pilloried in connection with old established firms. We have never his political activities, which is the com known a man so intense in application mon fate of all men who engage therein, upon every matter entrusted to his care. but he held high the honor of his profes To whatever activity Mr. Sheehan devot sion, and no act of his ever placed a stain ed himself he threw every ounce of his upon it. He attained in his profession energy and ability to make it a success. high rank, and earned and deserved the He was so constituted that he could not competence which he acquired, and when do otherwise. It was a physically des the end came, no lawyer enjoyed the con troying characteristic ; it entered into his fidence of the financial and business com attempts at relaxation, and he played golf munity to a higher degree than did he. It as though his future depended upon his had been won by intense effort and devo success at the game. No obstacle daunt tion, and he deserved it all. In his so ed his courage, and no task presented cial life Mr. Sheehan was delightful. No itself that he felt incapable of surmount man possessed more devoted friends, and ing its difficulties, and he literally wore perhaps no man incurred more bitter en himself out in the tenseness of his appli mities — the latter comes to be the fate cation. He had a charming personality of forceful men, even though possessed and a smile which was as fascinating as a of a lovable nature. In his domestic re woman's. His clients' interests were his lation no man was more fortunate. own, and in his devotion to them he left Mr. Sheehan married, November 27, nothing undone which he thought would 1889, Blanche Nellany, a daughter of bring success. This charm of person Michael and Maria Regina Nellany, and ality, devotion to clients' interest and the enjoyed that mutual confidence, love and success which he obtained, inspired confi affection which makes the marriage rela dence among the financial and business tion ideal. interests of this great city. There was The mourners at Mr. Sheehan's fu

39 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY neral came from all ranks of life — those of pages for the Michigan House of Rep high in financial circles, the leading bank resentatives. During 1888- 1 892 he was a ers of the great metropolis, his profes member of the Republican State central sional brethren of all degrees and stations, committee, and during 1895-1907 repre his friends in every walk, and those low sented the fifth Michigan district in the ly ones whom he had aided by his chari Fifty-fourth to the Fifty-ninth Congress ty, and the workers who had been bene es, was unopposed for a seventh term and fited through legislation procured by him unanimously re-elected to the Sixtieth and for whom he had otherwise cared. It Congress. On January 15, 1907, Mr. was the highest, the best and the last tri Smith was elected to the United States bute that could be paid to a noble char Senate to succeed General Russell A. acter. Alger for the term beginning March 4, and on the death of Senator Alger was elected to fill out the unexpired term, SMITH, William Alden, taking his seat on February 11, 1907. He was re-elected January 16, 1913, to suc Halted State» Senator, Journalist. ceed himself, his term expiring March 3, William Alden Smith was born at 1919. Dowagiac, Cass County, Michigan, May Senator Smith is president and princi 12, 1859, son of George Richard and Leah pal owner of the Grand Rapids "Herald," Margaret (Alden) Smith, and grandson the leading morning newspaper of West of Barney and Hannah (Putnam) Smith. ern Michigan, and is a member of the He was educated at the public schools Sons of the Revolution. He received the of his native town until twelve years of honorary degree of M. A. from Dart age. Then he moved with his parents to mouth College in 1 901. Courageous, de Grand Rapids, Michigan, and his father termined and self-reliant, he has fought becoming ill, he secured a position as his way to a high place in the political, so cash and errand boy in a dry goods store. cial and private affairs of the country. At the age of fourteen he and his younger He was married, in 1886, to Jane, brother started in business as pop corn daughter of Peter Osterhout, of Grand vendors. By this means and by serving Rapids, and has one son, William Alden as a messenger boy in the Western Union Smith, Jr. telegraph office, he was able to support his parents for several years. In 1879 he became connected with the law firm GOODELL, Abner Cheney, of Burch & Montgomery, combining his Lawyer, Writer, Poblic Oficial. studies with the duties of office boy, and four years later was admitted to the bar. Abner Cheney Goodell, a life member When soon after his preceptor, Mr. Mont and former president of the New England gomery, was elected to the bench, he suc Historic-Genealogical Society, died in his ceeded him as a member of the firm. He old home at Salem, Massachusetts, July is now a member of Smiley, Smith & Ste 19, 1914, in his eighty-third year. He was vens, one of the leading law firms of born in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts, Michigan. October 1, 1831, the oldest son of Abner Mr. Smith's political career began in Cheney and Sally Dodge (Haskell) Good 1879, when he was enrolled on the list ell. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

He was a lineal descendant of Robert Mr. Goodell completed his law studies Goodell, of Salem, who came to New in Salem with Northend & Choate, and England from Ipswich, England, in the was admitted to the bar in 1852, at the No good ship "Elizabeth" in 1634. From this vember term of the Supreme Judicial immigrant ancestor his line of descent Court of Massachusetts. In January, 1853, was traced through Zachariah II, of Sa he began the practice of his profession in lem ; Joseph III, of Salem ; Joseph IV, Lynn, Massachusetts, where he remained of Grafton, Massachusetts; Joseph V, until 1858, a successful lawyer. Of his re of Grafton and Warwick, Massachusetts ; ported cases the most important are Har Zina VI, of Warwick and North Orange, vey vs. Mosley, in which was decided for Massachusetts; and Abner Cheney VII, the first time, the age of consent of mar his father, who was born at North Or riage in Massachusetts, and Common ange, Massachusetts, February 9, 1805, wealth vs. Hutchings, which is recognized and married at Cambridge, Massachu as a leading case and accepted as author setts, August 2, 1829, Sally Dodge Hask ity both in this country and Great Bri ell, born at Providence, Rhode Island, tain. February 5, 1805, daughter of Aaron and In 1856 he was appointed and the next Eunice (Dodge) Haskell. year was elected register of the newly or In 1837 the family removed to Salem, ganized Court of Insolvency for Essex and Abner Cheney Goodell was sent to county, which was merged with the Pro the public schools, and his progress was bate Court in 1858. He was then elected so rapid that he graduated from the Sa register of this new Court of Probate and lem High School at the age of sixteen, at Insolvency for Essex county, and held the head of an unusually excellent class. the office by re-election continuously for After graduating he was employed for twenty years. In 1865 he was elected al two years in his father's machine shop, derman by unanimous vote on all the tick but he still continued in private his stud ets, an office which he desired in order ies in Latin, mathematics, and his be that he might help in the establishment loved English literature. It is told of of a water system for the city of Salem. him that with the first money he earned He drew the ordinance, defining the du he bought a copy of Cowper's Poems. In ties of the Board of Water Commission 1849, when Mr. Goodell was eighteen ers, and this board was chosen during the years of age, his mother's youngest broth same year, thus accomplishing the work er, the late George Haskell, of Ipswich, according to Mr. Goodell's hope. In 1865 Massachusetts, observing his nephew's Mr. Goodell became president of the Sa unusual mentality, took him into his law lem and South Danvers Street Railway office, thus winning the boy's lifelong de Company. When he assumed the man votion. There under his uncle's guidance, agement, the company carried a debt of his attention was directed particularly to $40,000, with its stock almost valueless, the study of the law governing real es and when he left the company, after nine tate, but Mr. Haskell always approved teen years of service, the stock brought and encouraged his brilliant nephew's in $200.00 a share, and during the last four terest in other learning, and to him Mr. years of his presidency paid 22% interest Goodell owed much. Mr. Haskell lived annually, and earned 30%. until 1898, followed always by his This result was a triumph of organizing nephew's grateful affection. power and executive patience through ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY many difficult years, and it was always actually engaged in this important work true that Mr. Goodell's ardent interest for nineteen years. After 1879 he made in the past was matched by his wise citi the work his chief employment and gave zenship and his practical outlook ahead. much time to the task so fitted to his It was he who first suggested a railway tastes and his attainments. There was between Salem and Marblehead, but he some criticism of his painstaking meth was refused a right of way and it was ods, but those who were fitted by their years before that means of communica own pursuits and training to understand tion was established. When in 1877 Alex the difficulty and worth of his service had ander Graham Bell made his experiment only words of grateful praise for his ac al trial of the first telephone line in Mas complishment. Men learned in the law sachusetts between Salem and Boston, realized the value to the country and pos before the Essex Institute in Lyceum terity of his work, unique in the begin Hall, Salem, Mr. Goodell's recognition of ning, which would increase with the the usefulness and value of the invention passing of each year. His notes, becom was instant. The motion he submitted to ing ultimately more voluminous than the the meeting was thought to be perhaps original text, are a monument to his learn too enthusiastically sanguine as to the ing and to the unending patience of his value of the new instrument. It was scholarly mind. "Nobody but Abner however accepted, and Mr. Goodell's Goodell could have done it" was the ver words stand on the records as a witness dict of a man fitted to give judgment, alike to the quickness of his mental pro when the fourth volume of the Province cesses and to the soundness of his judg Laws were finished in 1881. ment in practical affairs. After giving up Mr. Goodell was elected a member of his law practice, Mr. Goodell was fre the New England Historic-Genealogical quently consulted on abstruse matters of Society, August 6, 1862, a director in law and points of ancient practice. All his 1884, and was chosen president to suc learning in the law and his marvelous ceed the late Marshall Pinckney Wilder, industry were brought into splendid use in January, 1887. He served the society when in 1865 Governor Andrews appoint as president until June 22, 1892, when his ed him on a commission under a resolu resignation, which had been announced tion of the General Court to prepare for at the May meeting of that year, took ef publication a complete copy of the Stat fect and he was succeeded in the chair utes and Laws of the Province and State by the Hon. William Claflin. He was a and Massachusetts Bay Colony, from the life member and senior vice-president of time of the Province's Charter to the the Essex Institute at Salem, Massachu adoption of the Constitution of the Com setts, and was one of the oldest and fore monwealth, with suitable marginal refer most members of the Massachusetts His ences to the statutes and judicial deci torical Society and of the Colonial So sions of the Massachusetts Bay Colony ciety of Massachusetts. To all of these and to such other authorities as, in their societies he was a frequent and valued opinion, would enhance the value and contributor. He was a corresponding usefulness of the work. member of the Historical Societies of New For nearly thirty years Mr. Goodell York, New Hampshire, Maine, and was connected with this service, but there Rhode Island, and member of the Old Col were several interruptions, and he was ony Historical Society of Taunton, Mas

42 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

sachusetts, of the American Academy of Massachusetts, December 26, 1870. Soon Arts and Sciences, and of the Prince So afterwards Mr. Goodell removed to the ciety, and was at one time a member of house at No. 4 Federal street, Salem, the Sons of the Revolution. He had been which he bought a few years before, and a trustee of the Peabody Academy of here he made his home the remainder of Sciences of Salem and its secretary since his long life, adding to it a beautiful February, 1867, when he was appointed to library room, a fit place for his remark the board by the founder, George Pea- able collection of books. The house was body, of London, England. He was a once the old jail, standing almost on the member of the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity site of the still older building where the of Harvard University, and received the victims of 1692 were imprisoned and on honorary degree of Master of Arts from land once owned by the immigrant ances Amherst College in 1865. In politics Mr. tor of his family, Robert Goodell. In part Goodell was first a Free-Soiler and later of this house Mr. Goodell's parents lived he went into the Republican party when for many years, enjoying the daily atten it was organized. He was a Unitarian, tion of their devoted son and his estima and devoted to the First Unitarian ble wife. Here also was born their sec Church, at Salem. During his residence ond son, Alfred Putman, February 18, in Lynn Mr. Goodell formed many friend 1877. ships amongst the old Quaker families, Abner Cheney Goodell will always be ties which held through life, as did his remembered as a true friend and polished devotion to their noble faith and simple gentleman of flashing wit and charming form of worship. His sensitive nature, presence. He was an able lawyer and a keenly alive to spiritual values, responded scholar of good parts, never allowing any inevitably to their high sense of the im lapse in his devotion to learning even mediate dependence of the human spirit through the years when he was most oc on the Divine spirit, and to awaken the cupied with his duties as a wise and use soul of man and touch it to eternal is ful citizen and man of affairs. In this me sues. For years he attended the quarter moir dedicated to his memory it is meet ly meetings of the Society of Friends, and proper to dwell especially on the held usually at Newport, Rhode Island, breadth of his historical learning and the gaining fresh power from this association fullness of his antiquarian knowledge, le with their austere and lovely ways of gal and social, that vast store of particu thought. larly exact detail of New England's early Mr. Goodell was united in marriage, days that his memory held so easily and November 26, 1866, with Martha Page that was always at the service of fellow- Putnam, daughter of Alfred and Mary students. He was the John Seldon of (Page) Putnam, of Danvers, Massachu New England's learning. To walk with setts, and granddaughter of Moses Put him through the streets of Salem was an nam, who was a pioneer shoe manufactur adventure back into the early years of the er in Danvers, Massachusetts. Mrs. town he loved so dearly. His brilliant Goodell was also a granddaughter of John talk illustrated the foibles as well as the Page, of Danvers, and great-granddaugh virtues of the new colonial and provincial ter of Lieutenant-Colonel Jeremiah Page, days, and one felt really intimate with of Revolutionary fame. Their first son, them as Mr. Goodell's wonderful mem George Haskell, was born at Danvers, ory and exact topographical knowledge

43 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY led the listener to their very homes, and Cheney Goodell was first, last and always seemed to see them coming out of their a good man. old fashioned doorways and going about the old streets, taking their part wisely or foolishly in town affairs. The romantic BICKFORD, Thomas, touch that Mr. Goodell knew so well how Clergyman, Educator to give never failed to arouse even the dullest mind to keen interest in the early The fact that knowledge does not com days, but he allowed no confusion be prise all which is contained in the large tween what might possibly have occurred term of education is well-recognized by and that which is certainly known to have the majority of present day educators and happened. There was always authority scholars. While the development of the behind his picturesque phrases, and he mental powers is of paramount import was much interested in that black spot in ance in the education of the individual, New England history, the Witchcraft De the acquisition of knowledge is not the lusion of 1692, and he devoted much time only end to be held in view. The feelings to the study of its rise, progress and end, are to be disciplined, worthy motives are intending to write a book on the subject. to be awakened, a spiritual consciousness His manuscript notes and the books he is to be expanded and deepened, and collected for this work are said by those above all a definite purpose for usefulness fitted to judge to be of unmeasured value is to be built up through sane and ration for the guidance of future generations. al relationships. All great educators have His book on this witchcraft subject never realized these truths intuitively ; and in was written, but there is in existence one proportion to his ability to instill right result of these studies, the manuscript of principles into the lives of those about an address given by him before the Dan- him the success or failure of the instruct vers Historical Society in 1892 when that or of youth may be justly computed. body commemorated the outbreak of the The true educator, with his finger on Witchcraft Delusion in Salem. the pulse of his own times, inevitably pre His late years were passed among his visions the initial needs of the next gen books and in the constant companionship eration, and contributes as much to ped of his beloved and devoted wife. The lim agogy through reform of methods as itations daily forced upon him by the through actual teaching. In this sense, as physical disabilities incident to his ad pioneer, inventor, executive, and seer, as vanced years were borne with a gallant well as thorough scholar, the Rev. Thom fortitude. The affectionate care that was as Bickford was a great educator. always given him was met with an unfail The founder of Sea Pines School was ing gratitude and with his characteristic born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, Decem chivalric courtesy. He retained to the last ber 30, 1854, and died in Boston, July 6, his keen interest in the affairs of the 1917. He was named after his father, world, and the end of his long life came Thomas Bickford, a carpenter by trade. peacefully as befitted one "whose soul Thomas Bickford, Sr., married Temper was well prepared for death." A brilliant ance Snow Foster, a woman of high and wit, a charming writer, a ripe scholar, a noble character whose sympathetic inter distinguished antiquarian, learned in the est in the welfare of others was transmit law, a good citizen, a true friend, Abner ted to her son, Thomas. Her forefathers 44

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY were of English stock, and the American merely an individual, but a personality. ancestor of the family may be traced to This result is achieved through the inti Elder William Brewster. Rev. Thomas mate companionship of strong and cul Bickford's paternal grandfather was also tured teachers to whom the girl herself is called Thomas. He was a great lover of the chief object of study rather than simp the sea and served on the frigate ship, ly the various scheduled subjects. "Constitution," for many years. He re Sea Pines School and the unique sys sided in Chelsea, Massachusetts. tem of self-development which is the Thomas Bickford, the educator, gradu keystone of its purpose, are the creations ated from Hamilton University, New of the brain of one man, the Rev. Thomas York, 1875, and held pastorates in Mas Bickford. He conceived the idea, he ob sachusetts, Connecticut and Vermont. It tained the money that furthered the plan, was not until 1906, however, that the plan he organized it into a living actuality and of establishing a school for girls, unique he has led the institution into its present in its purpose and method of instruction, distinct status in the field of education. was put into execution. From an unpre That structure, the child of his brain and tentious beginning, the school developed very soul, stands out as a magnificent ac in a remarkably short time to such an ex complishment of one man's mind and tent that more elaborate equipment and spirit. The school is fortunate in that accommodations became necessary to it has in his daughter, Faith Bickford, provide for the increasing numbers of long associated with her father, one thor girls and young women from all parts of oughly competent to carry on the work. the country who had been attracted to She is a young woman of unusual attain "Sea Pines School" because of its unusu ments and a worthy successor to the pres ally healthful environment and the recog idential chair at Sea Pines. Her sister, nized practicality of its educational cur Addie Frances Bickford, head of the De riculum. partment of Home Sciences and Arts, is The school, as it now stands, is situat her chief assistant. The education of ed amid pine groves and winding paths on these two young women was an envious the curving shores of Brewster, Massa one, received as it was under so far-see chusetts. A more nearly ideal location ing and compelling a teacher as their fath for such an institution is unimaginable. In er, philosopher, poet, and scientist in one. this happy environment the students, in Mr. Bickford's wife, Anna, daughter of spired by wholesome and beautiful ideals, Anson and Electa (Bowen) Searl, is a wo grow to efficient womanhood. Here, man of high and noble character, winning sheltered by the friendly pines, the pupils the warm friendship of all who are receive instruction and acquire those hab brought within the sphere of her influ its which time will ameliorate but not ence, and performing with tact and grace destroy ; counsel which will render age the many and exacting duties which de venerable and life more dignified and use volve upon her as the "Mother" of the ful. The girl is taught to think for her Sea Pines School of Personality. self that she may think with others; to Mr. Bickford was a man without pre live the life God intended she should live tense, thoroughly genuine, free from pet as a center of human energy for good ; in ty importances, and wholly absorbed in a word, her potential powers as a person his work. The paternal tenderness, pa are revealed that she may become not tience and enthusiasm which he manifest 45 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ed at all times as principal of the Sea FRANKLIN, Mason Barney, Pines School of Personality won for him Inventor, Veteran of Civil War. the reverent devotion and loyal admira tion of every student. To them he was The late Mason Barney Franklin, of an ideal man who lived as well as preach Providence, inventor, and for many years ed the doctrine of the ideal. They refer a well known figure in Grand Army cir red to him affectionately as "Father," cles in Rhode Island, was descended pa and he in turn regarded them with the ternally from the Franklin family of New kindly spirit and warm heart of a devoted York. Maternally he was descended from parent. some of the foremost families of South In his lectures he made ideal characters eastern Massachusetts. vivid, and thus stimulated his girls to Mason Barney Franklin was born in reach up to the high and noble. His man Swansea, Massachusetts, April 5, 1842, ner of speaking was original, and a deep the son of William Augustus and Martha earnestness and sincerity pervaded his ut Smith (Barney) Franklin. He was edu terances and carried convictions. The fol cated in the schools of Swansea, and on lowing quotation from one of his ad completing his studies engaged imme dresses, engraved on a beautiful bronze diately in mechanical pursuits for which memorial tablet, was presented to the he had displayed a considerable genius school by the class of 1918: from earliest childhood. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was employed in There is no satisfaction in this world like that Rhode Island, and on the first call for of feeling that we wanted to be good and strong men enlisted as a private in the Second and beautiful, and that really we are becoming Rhode Island Volunteer Infantry, accom so. This result has not been given us. We have panying his regiment almost immediately won it. We have denied our lesser desires for it Sometimes we almost failed, but not quite. to the battle-fields of the South. He Now we are realizing the satisfaction of charac served throughout the war, and on the con ter. This is evolution. This is Personality. clusion of peace returned to Providence, where he engaged for a short period in Mr. Bickford was a man of strong per the jewelry trade. He subsequently aban sonality and of imposing presence. Abso doned this line of business, however, to lutely without fear, he never hesitated to devote his attention entirely to inven denounce what he believed to be wrong tions, several of which he patented, among and uphold what he believed to be right. them being a shade pull invention of He always contributed to those interests extraordinary merit, and an improved which promote culture, which work for molding hook. He was well known in the christianizing of the race, and recog manufacturing circles in Providence. nize the common brotherhood of man. On June 14, 1866, Mr. Franklin mar His ripe and varied experience, his ju ried Rebecca Orswell Messenger, who dicial mind, and his careful observation was born August 21, 1839, daughter of rendered him the trusted counselor of his Warren Elbridge and Angeline (Orswell) pupils at all times and in all phases of Messenger. Mrs. Franklin, who survives their lives. Young and old sought him to her husband, resides at No. 91 Ford street, settle doubts and disputes, and to find in Providence. She is descended from sev his courage and strength of convictions eral New England families of early Co renewed faith in themselves. lonial date. Mason Barney Franklin died 46

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY at his home in Providence, January 30, abeth Davis, of Haverhill, Massachusetts. 1918. (IV) Daniel Barney, son of Joseph and (The Barney Line). Constant (Davis) Barney, was born in The Barney family of Bristol county, Rehoboth, Massachusetts, in 1697. He Massachusetts, dates from the year 1630, was a resident of Rehoboth and of Swan when Jacob Barney, its founder, is first sea. He married Freelove Wheaton. of record in Salem, in the Massachusetts (V) Daniel (2) Barney, son of Daniel Colony. The name has been continuous (1) and Freelove (Wheaton) Barney, was in Bristol county for more than two hun born in 1736. He married Rachel Bowen, dred years, during which period it has member of a prominent Swansea family. ranked honorably among the sturdy yeo (VI) Jonathan Barney, son of Daniel manry of New England. (2) and Rachel (Bowen) Barney, was (I) Jacob Barney, the founder, is born in Swansea, and resided there thought to have been a native of Swan throughout his life. He married (first) sea, Wales, whence he emigrated to Sa Elizabeth Mason, daughter of Marma- lem, Massachusetts, in the year 1630. He duke Mason. was made a freeman, May 14, 1634, and (VII) Mason Barney, son of Jonathan represented Salem in the General Court in and Elizabeth (Mason) Barney, was born 1635, 1638, 1647 a°d 1655. He served often in 1782. He married (first) in 1802, Mar in the capacity of selectmen, and seems to tha Smith, who died a few years after have been a man of broad tolerance, since their marriage. He married (second) in he opposed the sentence of the General 1812, Polly Grant. Court against those who petitioned for (VIII) Martha Smith Barney, daughter freer franchise. of Mason and Polly (Grant) Barney, was (II) Jacob (2) Barney, son of Jacob born in Swansea, Massachusetts, where (1) Barney, was born in England, and she married William Augustus Franklin, married (first) August 18, 1657, at Sa of New York. They were the parents of lem, Massachusetts, Hannah Johnson, Mason Barney Franklin. (See Franklin). who died June 5, 1659. He married (sec ond) April 26, 1660, Ann Witt, daughter of John and Sarah Witt, of Lynn. Jacob CRANE, John, Barney was a Baptist minister and found ed the churches in Charlestown and Civil War Veteran, Philanthropist. Swansea. The opinion has been advanc Crane Arms — Argent a fesse between three ed that he was also the founder of the crosses crosslet fitchee gules. First Baptist Society in Boston in 1668. Crest — A crane proper. He removed from Salem not earlier than There could be no more familiar nor 1673, £ош& to Bristol and Rehoboth. His authoritative an account of the life and will, dated July 13, 1694, was probated labors of Major John Crane than the one February 25, 1695. His widow Ann died quoted below, which was written as a me March 17, 1701, in Rehoboth. morial by the Hon. Eugene A. Philbin, (III) Joseph Barney, son of Jacob (2) and which contains an intimate apprecia and Ann (Witt) Barney, was born in tion of Major Crane's career: 1673, and came to Rehoboth in 1690, with his brother Josiah. He married Con It very rarely happens that it is given to a man stant Davis, daughter of James and Eliz to be a source of inspiration to his fellow-men in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY more than one phase of human effort. A man may, their commanding officer. John Crane bore a during his lifetime, have given evidence of ex distinguished part in this assault and was person alted and self-denying patriotism, or have been ally complimented by the general commanding. conspicuous in the great field of charity, or an The Seventeenth Corps was part of the Array of example of the highest type of the successful the Tennessee under General Sherman and served and upright business man, or a great leader in in all its campaigns before Atlanta and on the movements for the uplifting of mankind, but the march to the sea. Notwithstanding the fact that average man cannot hope to establish a claim John Crane was of a naturally impulsive nature, for recognition for more than one of these during the battle his ability to command and ex achievements. John Crane, however, was entitled ercise a complete supervision of his men was nev to credit for a distinguished career in all. He was er affected. His bravery was characterized by born in Morgan County, Ohio, on the tenth day unfaltering fearlessness, but never marred by of February, 1840. His mother died while he recklessness. He remained in the service until was quite young and his father took the family the war was concluded. to the State of Wisconsin. War was declared In the year 1868 Mr. Crane engaged in business between the North and the South when he had with Colonel MacMahon, to whom reference has hardly attained manhood, but, with two other been made. Later William A. MacMahon, who young men, he organized a company of volun served in the same regiment, entered the busi teers and was elected first lieutenant. This com ness, which was conducted under the name of pany offered its services to the Governor of the Crane & MacMahon at the time of Mr. Crane's State and was assigned to the Sixth Wisconsin death, which occurred on April 8, 1908, in New Volunteer Infantry. The regiment was ordered York City. The tie that had been formed with to the Army of the Potomac, and was incorporat the MacMahon brothers in the service was ed with other regiments which were known as strengthened by Mr. Crane's marriage to their the "Iron Brigade," and as such attained great sister in the year 1866. She still survives him. distinction for noteworthy services during the From the outset, even when his time was much war. Mr. Crane served with the Sixth Wisconsin taken in forming his business relations and or until the winter of 1862, when he resigned, but ganizing his affairs, he was deeply and practically only for the purpose of aiding in the organiza interested in charity. He commenced then the tion of the Seventeenth Wisconsin Volunteer practice which was continued to the end of his Infantry, an Irish regiment, which was being life, not only of giving most liberally, but also of raised in that State. He was successful in or devoting his time and personal attention to the ganizing Company A and became its first lieuten relief of the poor. For many years he was chair ant This regiment in March, 1862, was ordered man of the society of St Vincent de Paul and it South, and their first stop was at St. Louis, was largely due to his gentle but firm persistency whence they went to Tennessee, arriving at Pitts that persons able to do so were made to con burgh Landing, Tennessee, a couple of days after tribute. It was rarely that a meeting of the com the Battle of Shiloh. The regiment was assigned mittee was held that there was not some prac to the division of General McArthur, with whom tical suggestion by him towards procuring those it served during the campaign, taking part in already interested to take a still greater inter numerous skirmishes and the Battle of Shiloh. est or to secure the sympathy of people who had About this time the Adjutant of the regiment not already contributed in the great work. His resigned and Lieutenant Crane was appointed Ad effort in this important field was never limited to jutant, which position he held until the close satisfying the physical suffering of the moment, of the war. Upon the organization of the Sev but included a practical and effective course, hav enteenth Army Corps, General J. B. McPherson ing for its end not only the provision for pecu commanding (afterwards killed before Atlanta), niary resources, but the inspiration of new cour the regiment became one of the regiments of this age and hope. The battle always became easier corps, taking part in the campaign before the and the prospect more hopeful after a visit from Siege of Vicksburg. They participated in the John Crane. siege, and the regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel "Careless their merits or their faults to scan, Thomas MacMahon commanding, joined with His pity gave ere charity began." others in making the first assault on the breast works at Vicksburg, May 19, 1863. The regimental Since he carried into business the great de officers and men were most highly commended by ments of character that had made him a dis 48 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

languished and able soldier and was constantly in Major Crane was especially interested in Amer spired by the broad spirit of charity which en ican-Irish history because of its eloquent testi gendered the desire for fair dealing, it was only mony in support of Irish virtue and ability. His natural that his efforts should meet with success own noble record will always be a bright page in and that he and his associate should attain a po the annals of the race in this country. sition in the business world distinguished for an honorable policy and ability to produce effective Major John Crane was a close friend results. of Theodore Roosevelt, with whom he The reward which attended his efforts in the was in constant touch during Mr. Roose great spheres of life, to which reference has already been made, caused a deeper appreciation velt's entire public life, and he was fre of the value of spiritual inspiration. He realized quently a guest at White House func that the battles that he had fought on the field tions. There was much in common be of war and in civic life had been won because tween these two men, their upright fear of his reliance not upon man or things, but upon lessness, the strong courage they had in the Supreme Being. He took advantage of every opportunity to convey this great lesson to his their convictions, and their impulsive fellow men. When about ten years before his championship of all that to them seemed death Governor Roosevelt appointed him a mem good. Both have, in the next life, claim ber of the Board of Trustees of the Soldiers' ed the reward of the well-doers. Major Home in Steuben County, New York State, he Crane was a member of the Loyal Legion. was given an opportunity that probably brought him more real gratification than any other one John Crane married, January 30, 1866, thing in his philanthropic career. He organized Mary A. MacMahon. No children were at the Soldiers' Home religious societies which born to this marriage. furnished spiritual gratification to the veteran sol diers, and also gave them a new occupation that tended to relieve the monotony of institutional life. It seemed to him as if he were again, after BATCHELDER, Charles Henry, the lapse of so many years, participating with Prominent Manufacturer. pathetic care and solicitation in the careers and welfare of those who, under his guidance, were When Charles Henry Batchelder giving their lives to their country. It is not dif passed away at his home on Blue Hill ficult to imagine what this opportunity meant to avenue, Dorchester, Massachusetts, on Major Crane. It is needless to say that the duty was discharged, not only in a manner that gave February 14, 1919, at the age of sixty- happiness to the inmates at the time, but also three years, a career of great usefulness inaugurated methods that were so meritorious as was brought to an end, and the commu to remain permanently to the advantage of the nity in which he had made his home so Home. many years mourned the death of a man Major Crane never entered actively into poli tics, although he was a man of clear and positive of fine, natural endowments, spotless pro views as to public welfare. From time to time he bity of character, and an influence of in freely lent his voice and aid to movements hav estimable value. In all the walks of life ing for their object civic betterment. Mr. Batchelder so acquitted himself as to He was for many years the almoner of the be regarded as a most honorable citizen. Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, and gave the same intelligent and able consideration to the appeals He was courteous alike to all, and in made to the Society by the unfortunate as he had bearing and instincts was, in the best given to many other cases of distress. He was sense, a true gentleman. His career was a most active and faithful member of the latter an intensely interesting one, and taken society, and, in fact, was deeply interested in from evey angle he was a man of the most anything that concerned the Irish race and fur nished evidence of the great benefits it had con sterling worth. He was self-made, inas ferred upon mankind. much as he rose to affluence through his 49 A. B.-6-4 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY own efforts and not through a lucky turn Batchelder, of Salem, Massachusetts; of fortune's wheel, and he was the last William Batchelder, of Charlestown, man to ascribe the least merit to himself. Massachusetts; John Batchelder, of Wa- For more than a quarter of a century, he tertown, Massachusetts. had been identified with the awning man Charles Henry Batchelder was a de ufacturing business, and was one of the scendant in the eighth generation of the largest awning manufacturers in New immigrant ancestor, the Alexander Batch- England. elder who settled in Portsmouth, New The birth of Charles Henry Batchelder Hampshire, in 1630. Mr. Batchelder was occurred in Dorchester, Massachusetts, educated in the public schools of Dor September 9, 1855, the son of Joseph and chester and Roxbury, Massachusetts. Af Betsy Keith (Tucker) Batchelder, his ter completing his education, his first em father, a native of Manchester, New ployment was with the firm of M. Boyn- Hampshire, his mother native of North ton & Company, awning makers ; he re Bridgewater, Massachusetts. The Eng mained with this firm a few years and lish surname, Batchelder, is identical with later engaged in business for himself, es Bachelier, as is variously spelled in the tablishing the tent and awning firm of early records. The name itself is derived C. H. Batchelder & Company, Boston, of from the word "bachelor," the ancient which he was the sole owner. Mr. Batch- meaning of which was simply young man. elder was one of the charter members of The earliest mention of the name indi the Awningmen's Association, and was cates that it was given originally to mark widely known as the dean of awningmen the condition of its possessor as an un in New England. He was a thirty-second married man or a young man, when there degree Mason; a member of Columbia was another of the same personal name in Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; Saint the vicinity. The English registers of the Paul's Chapter, Royal Arch Masons ; thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, where Joseph Warren Commandery, Knights the name is first found, use the French Templar, and was also a member of the prefix "Le." Thus we find Jordanus Le Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com Bachelor and Gilbert Le Bachelor, and pany. For many years he was prom we may be reasonably sure that inent in the Order of Pilgrim Fathers, and the names Gordon and Gilbert Le held all the important offices therein. Bachelor are found recorded in Nor On August 15, 1893, Charles Henry mandy. In the early part of the Batchelder was united in marriage with fourteenth century the prefix "Le" was Mary Catherine Shaw, daughter of Don dropped. Before 1660, the name Batch- ald and Jean (Chisholm) Shaw, both na elder was common in Kent, Surrey, Sus tives of Canada. Mr. and Mrs. Batchel sex, Wilts, Hampshire, Bucks, Norfolk der were the parents of three children, and Suffolk counties, all in Southeastern namely: I. Charles Shaw, born in Dor England. chester, Massachusetts ; he was educated There were seven immigrants of this in the Dorchester public schools and name in New England : Alexander Batch- Dartmouth College. He enlisted in the elder, of Portsmouth, New Hampshire; aviation branch of the American Expe Rev. Stephen Batchelder, of Lynn, Mas ditionary Forces, and was stationed in sachusetts; Henry Batchelder, of Ips Texas until the death of his father sum wich, Massachusett ; Joseph and John moned him to succeed his father as head So ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of the firm of C. H. Batchelder & Com world in general, and the friendship of all pany. 2. Louis E. Tucker, born in Dor those whom he met socially. He made chester, Massachusetts; graduated from for himself an enviable reputation, Harvard Seminary at Bridgewater, Mas straightforward and reliable under all sachusetts. 3. Alison Keith, born in Dor circumstances, courteous and affable to chester; graduated from the Dorchester his associates, whom he always endeav High School and the Lawton School of ored to please. He was honest and sin English Speech and Expression. Since cere in all business transactions, always the death of her husband, Mrs. Batchel conducting his affairs along the strict der has continued to reside in the old est lines of integrity, being the possessor Batchelder homestead on Blue Hill ave of much tact, as well as managerial and nue, Dorchester, Massachusetts. executive ability, and unfaltering enter Better luck could not befall a man than prise. Mr. Brickett was clear and far- to be brought under the influence of a seeing, and ever ready to grapple with high-minded man like Charles Henry any project that was presented to him, Batchelder. He was always approacha however great its scope. His death oc ble, a wise counselor, and a sympathetic curred at his home on Fourth avenue, friend. He stood for everything that Haverhill, Massachusetts, January 5, was honorable, and was a man of honor 1915, at the age of fifty years. above reproach. He had the warm affec Frank Elwin Brickett was a native of tion of a father, the solicitude of a friend, Haverhill, Massachusetts, having been and the wise caution of a guardian. He born in the North Parish of Haverhill, had the faculty of inspiring affection November 28, 1865, the son of Daniel among his associates, who recognized his and Louisa (Perley) Brickett, both na goodness, honesty and courage. Energy, tives of Haverhill. He was a descendant self-confidence, and a strict adherence to in the seventh generation of Hannah the moral law, were the traits which Dustin, one of the most famous women of seemed to lie at the bottom of Mr. Batch- American history. There has been a mon elder's character, and shape and guide ument erected to her memory in the City its whole development. Such was the Common of Haverhill. On his maternal character and life record of a worthy son side he was a descendant in the eighth of worthy and sturdy New England an generation of Allan Perley, the English cestors, and his memory will long live in ancestor, who was born in Wales, Eng the hearts of those who knew him. land, in 1608, and came to America with Winthrop's fleet in 1630, and settled on the plantation at Charlestown, Massa BRICKETT, Frank Elwin, chusetts Bay Colony, and removed thence to Ipswich, where he died, December 28, Manufacturer. 1675- It can be truly said of the late Frank El Frank Elwin Brickett was nine years win Brickett that his own labors consti old when his father died, and he made tuted the foundation upon which was his home with his uncle, Nathan Perley. built his success in life. For many years He received his education in the public well known in manufacturing circles of schools of Methuen and Haverhill, Mas Haverhill, Massachusetts, he enjoyed the sachusetts, and upon completion of his respect and confidence of the business school days he found employment in the 51 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY factory of The Sherwood Shoe Company. married Walter S. Bailey, and they are In 1885 he became identified with the the parents of three children: Dudley shoe manufacturing firm of J. H. Win- John, Thelma Elizabeth, and Velaska ; all chell & Company, and was associated three children were born in Haverhill. with this firm at the time of his death, Since the death of her husband Mrs. being the oldest member of the factory Brickett has continued to reside in Ha organization. Mr. Brickett was superin verhill, Massachusetts. tendent of the stitching department of the The Haverhill "Gazette" paid the fol factory for twenty-seven years, and in lowing tribute to Mr. Brickett's memory : 1912 he was advanced to the position of Genuine sorrow was apparent on every hand purchasing agent, which position he held at the funeral of Frank Elwin Brickett, which at the time of his demise. He served look place from his home on Fourth avenue. as a councilman from Ward Four in 1902, Hundreds of friends and fellow-employees vis during ex-Mayor Isaac Poor's term of ited his home for the purpose of consoling the office. He was a prominent member of grief -stricken wife and daughter and to pay their tribute of respect to one whom everyone the Haverhill Association of Superinten esteemed. The services were largely attended, dents and Foremen, having served as its the home being thronged with friends and as secretary and president for a number of sociates of Mr. Brickett who wished to indicate years. He was a member of Saggahew their loyalty of regard to his memory. His ab Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Ha sence will be felt most severely by his many friends in the shoe factory, but he was also verhill Council, Royal and Select Mas well known in fraternal and social circles, being ters, Pentucket Chapter, Royal Arch Ma a member of a number of lodges and clubs. These sons, Palestine Lodge, Knights of Pythi were all represented at the services conducted as, and a member of Haverhill Lodge, Be by the Rev. Nicholas VanDerpyl, pastor of the nevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Centre Congregational Church. Following the church services, the Haverhill Lodge of Elks He was vice-president of the Larchmont conducted the services of that fraternity, and Club and a member of its board of direc committal services were conducted by the officers tors. He was also a member of the Ke- of Saggahew Lodge of Masons. noza Driving Club for many years. In The memory of the individual may banking circles he was also well known, fade, but the result of the good work being a director of The Haverhill Co-op which he has done remains as a perman erative Bank. ent advantage to his race. Not every man On February 23, 1887, Frank Elwin who rears to himself the monument of a Brickett was united in marriage with successful life leaves his memorial in the Phoebe Catherine Lynch, daughter of popular heart, but this was undeniably Robert Adolphus and Anna (Cahill) true of Mr. Brickett whose wish was to Lynch, both natives of New York. Mrs. be recorded "as one who loved his fel Brickett is a descendant of Thomas low-men." Lynch, Jr., one of the signers of the Dec laration of Independence. Her grand father, Robert Adolphus Lynch, was an RICHARDSON, Leander P., officer in the English army, and her Dramatist, Critic. mother was born in London, England, the daughter of John and Anna Cahill. The late Leander P. Richardson, well- Mr. and Mrs. Brickett were the parents known dramatist and dramatic critic of of one daughter, Iva Mae Brickett, who New York City, where his death, Feb-

А-£-л_~~ ^»^ /1^-Ал^'/ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ruary 2, 1918, was felt as a severe loss and familiarity with the best in litera by his many friends and associates, was ture and life. He was a well known fix a native of Cincinnati, Ohio, his birth oc ture in literary circles in New York, and curring there February 28, 1856. Mr. especially in connection with the news Richardson was a son of Albert B. Rich papers and the stage, his writings being ardson, an old and highly respected resi almost entirely devoted to drama and dra dent of Cincinnati. The elder Mr. Rich matic matters. Many of them appeared ardson enlisted as a young man in the in the professional magazines and his Union army. He saw considerable ac work was always in demand. In politics tive service, but was unfortunately tak Mr. Richardson was an ardent Demo en captive by the Confederates, and died crat and always maintained a keen inter in one of the prison camps of the South. est in city issues as well as in those of The early life of Leander P. Richard the State and country-at-large. His in son was spent in his native city of Cin terests, however, were almost entirely cinnati, and as a lad he attended the lo centered in his profession, and he devoted cal public school. He was, however, very little time to outside pursuits of any obliged at an early age to abandon his kind and was essentially retiring, never studies and seek some remunerative em seeking the limelight for himself and al ployment, and when still in his teens set ways devoted to his home life. His win out for himself and secured a position in ters were spent in New York, but he a printing office. Here he learned the owned a charming summer residence near trade of printer and afterwards worked at Paterson, New Jersey. In his religious that craft in various cities. Later, how belief Mr. Richardson was a Roman Cath ever, he permanently settled in New York olic. City and here became associated with the Leander P. Richardson was united in local newspapers. From an early age Mr. marriage with Mary E. Winner, a native Richardson had been interested in dra of Middletown, New York, a daughter of matic matters, and in New York he be Paul Winner, an old and highly respected came one of the leaders of the group of resident of that place. Four children were men who promoted the founding of the born to Mr. and Mrs. Richardson, as fol New York "Telegraph," a publication de lows: Leonora A; Leander T.; James voted especially to the stage and sport К. ; and Eugenia W. ing interests. He also published a week The life of Mr. Richardson was one well ly booklet entitled "The Enquirer," which worthy to serve as a model of earnest and dealt with local topics. About this time disinterested endeavor. Possessed of qual he attempted some original plays and ities above the ordinary, of an unusually was so successful that he wrote a num capable and alert mind, a winning person ber for the leading New York producers. ality, and strong character, his talents Eventually he became a dramatic critic were largely devoted to the interests of for William A. Brady, the famous pro the community, and he was content to re ducer. Despite his somewhat meagre ceive the reward contained in a knowl schooling, Mr. Richardson was of that edge of work well done. The sterling vir alert and observing character which read tues of simplicity and charity, which were ily learns in the great academy of expe the essential factors in his brilliant ca rience and became, not merely a well-ed reer, were not overlooked by his associ ucated man, but a man of unusual culture ates, who admired and appreciated them,

53 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and the future seemed to hold in store an and he was a descendant of some of the even more brilliant career than the past, earliest settlers of that part of the coun when his death cut short his career in try, his immigrant ancestors having come the prime of his achievement. to America from Wales, England, in the early part of the seventeenth century, but the origin of the name Perley is Norman- PERLEY, John Monroe, French. David Erie Perley was a farmer in Rowley, Massachusetts, having inher Coal Operator. ited the farm which had been in the fam Prominent among the residents of ily for several generations. John M. Per Wakefield, Massachusetts, who occupied ley was reared on the home farm in Row a high place in the business affairs of the ley, Massachusetts, attending the gram community, was the late John Monroe mar schools of his native town, but be Perley, who was a man of marked capac ing the eldest of the five children born ity, decided character, and of the most to his parents he was compelled to leave undoubted integrity. He had no disposi school when but a small boy as his help tion to put himself forward, but in what was in demand on the farm, on which he ever position he was placed he was em would work in the summer months, while phatic and decided. The record of his ca in the winter he would drive oxen in the reer sums up the things that are essential timber business with his father. Mr. Per for the man who desires to make a suc ley always regretted his lack of educa cess of his life. Closeness of application tional advantages, but by close observa to one's vocation, uprightness in dealing, tion of his fellow-men, and by the reading honesty and promptness in all matters of good literature, he was able to keep were the qualities which insured the suc abreast of the times. When twenty-one cess of Mr. Perley. He was one of those years of age he started to buy up timber men who labor not alone for their own lots for himself, and continued in that vo day and generation, but also for those cation for twenty years. When about who are to come after them. His name forty-two years of age he removed to was well known in the business world as Maiden, Massachusetts, and entered into that of a man to be trusted and one with the coal business, establishing the Maiden whom it was a satisfaction to transact Coal Company, which he operated suc business. New England has acquired a cessfully until he was compelled to dis well-deserved reputation for the large pose of this business on account of ill number of keen, progressive business men health. Later he conducted a coal bus which she has sent out in all directions, iness in Woburn, Stoneham and Lynn, and Mr. Perley was an example, and one and in 1891 he removed to Wakefield, whose life is well worth imitating. His where he again entered the coal busi death, which occurred at his home in ness, this time the business being known Wakefield, Massachusetts, April 6, 1917, as the Wakefield Coal Company, Mr. Per removed from all earthly environment a ley having built the elevator for coal man of true judgment and of the most un shutes. He built up a business which he blemished character. continued to operate until 1907, when on John M. Perley was born at Rowley, account of failing health he retired from Massachusetts, January 12, 1844, a son of active business pursuits. David Erie and Abigail (Cressey) Perley, On April 27, 1876, Mr. Perley was mar-

54

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(у)с /у/ ;/) чр ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ried to Margaret Howe, a native of Box- years he was a prominent figure in bank ford, Massachusetts, and a daughter of ing circles and held the position of presi William Appleton and Ruth Guild (Bart- dent of the Nassau National Bank, was a lett) Howe. Mrs. Perley's parents were native of New Utrecht, New York, where both members of old New England fam his birth occurred September 27, 1869. He ilies, her father being a native of Mas was a son of Peter Antonides and Anna sachusetts, and her mother a native of C. (Van Brunt) Hegeman, old residents New Hampshire, her parents, however, of that place, where his father was en having come from Massachusetts. Mr. gaged in business as a farmer for many and Mrs. John Monroe Perley became the years and was also associated with the parents of two daughters: I. Ethel H., Nassau Bank. As a lad Mr. Hegeman at who became the wife of Seiden W. Tyler, tended the public schools of New Utrecht, a graduate of Yale, and now an associate then an independent community on Long manager in the Carter Ink Company, of Island, but now a portion of the Greater Boston ; they are the parents of two chil City of New York. After completing his dren: Warren, and Ruth Howe. 2. studies at these institutions he was sent Alice C, who became the wife of Wil to the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, liam F. Thoman, a graduate of Colum and there continued his studies until fif bia, and now a construction engineer in teen years of age. It was at this age that New York City ; their family consists of Mr. Hegeman first became associated two daughters: Jeannette Perley, and with the Nassau National Bank and he Margaret. remained with that institution, serving Mr. Perley was a quiet, unassuming it in various capacities for thirty years man, with a kind and genial disposition, before his retirement. He began in a and those who knew him best were his clerical capacity but was rapidly pro staunchest friends. He had been a mem moted through various ranks and held the ber of the Protection Lodge of Odd Fel positions of pote teller, assistant cashier, lows, of Georgetown, Massachusetts, for cashier, vice-president and finally pres forty-seven years, being one of the earliest ident, and he became widely known in members to join the lodge at that place. financial circles here. Mr. Hegeman was He was a constant attendant and his fam always keenly and actively interested in ily are members of the Congregational local affairs, and was one of the Commit church of Wakefield. Mrs. Perley is also tee of One Hundred appointed to assist a member of the National Society of the in the nomination of John Purroy Mitch Daughters of the American Revolution. ell, who was duly elected and became Mr. Perley was charitably inclined, and mayor of New York City. He was also with broad sympathies was ever ready a member of the New York Chamber of to aid those in misfortune. In his home Commerce and was very active in this ca life he proved himself no less a loving pacity in promoting the material interests husband and father than a true friend, a of the community. Mr. Hegeman was a good neighbor and a model citizen. member of the Holland Society, the St. Nicholas Society, the Rembrandt Club, the Hamilton Club, and the Campfire HEGEMAN, Daniel Van Brunt, Club of New York, and a life member of Financier. the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sci Daniel Van Brunt Hegeman, late of ences. He was always an enthusiastic New York City, where for a number of lover of outdoor sports and pastimes, and 55 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY especially of the games of baseball and bought "Liberty Hall," built by her uncle, golf, and was a member of the Dyker William Livingston, first governor of the Meadow Golf Club, the Crescent Athletic State of New Jersey, and changed its Club, and the Garden City Golf Club. He name to "Ursino," after Count Niemce- was also affiliated with the local lodge of wiecz's place in Poland, from which time the Royal Arcanum here. Mr. Hegeman it has been in the Kean family. was a man of strong religious beliefs and Peter Philip James Kean, born in Eliz- attended the Reformed Dutch Church, sit abethtown, New Jersey, February 27, uated on Brooklyn Heights. He was very 1788, died at New Lebanon, New York, charitable by nature, and supported liber October 2, 1828, son of John and Susan ally the philanthropic undertaking of his (Livingston) Kean. He graduated from church. He was also the treasurer of the Princeton University in 1807. He was Eye & Ear Infirmary on Livingston prominent in the military affairs of the street, Brooklyn. State of New Jersey, and in 1824, when Daniel Van Brunt Hegeman was unit the Marquis de Lafayette revisited the ed in marriage, June 2, 1897, at the United States, Governor Isaac N. Wil Church of New Utrecht, with Louise De liamson appointed Major Kean to the re Mund, a daughter of Dr. Frederick and ception committee to welcome him to the Phoebe (Emmans) DeMund. Two chil State, a post to which his fluent knowl dren were born of this union as follows: edge of French proved an added quali Daniel, Jr., born March 25, 1907, at fication. At the time of his death Mr. Brooklyn, and Anna Catherine, born July Kean was colonel of the Fourth Regi 7, 191 1, at Redding, Connecticut. ment of the State of New Jersey. He married, February 18, 1813, Sarah Sa bina, daughter of General Jacob and Mary KEAN, John, (Cox) Morris. General Jacob Morris was a son of Lewis Morris, signer of the Dec Mam of Affairs, National Legislator. laration of Independence. Senator John Kean was the third John John (2) Kean, born March 27, 1814, Kean to win prominence, the first having at Ursino, son of Peter Philip James been his great-grandfather, John Kean, Kean, was a graduate of Princeton, class of South Carolina, who was a delegate to of 1834, and one of the leading men of his the Continental Congress, 1785-87, and day. He was one of the original stock cashier of the first Bank of the United holders of the Camden & Amboy Rail States at Philadelphia. He married Su road, was one of the organizers and build san, daughter of Peter Van Brugh and ers of the Central Railroad of New Jer Mary (Alexander) Livingston, the for sey, its vice-president for many years, mer a son of Philip Livingston, Second and from 1841 to 1847 served as Lord of the Manor of Livingston, New its president. He was for a long York, the latter a daughter of James time president of the National State Bank Alexander, Surveyor-General of New of Elizabeth, president of the Elizabeth- York and New Jersey. John Kean died town Gas Light Company, and interested in 1796, and his widow married (second) in many other enterprises of note. He in 1800, Julian Niemcewiecz, a Polish pa was active in politics, first as a Whig, triot and litterateur, who came to Amer later as a Republican. He was vestryman ica with Kosciusko. The same year she of St. John's Protestant Episcopal Church 56 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY in Elizabeth for many years, and pos of the National State Bank of Elizabeth, sessed many exceedingly fine qualities tions and enterprises, becoming president that endeared him to a very large circle president of the Elizabethtown Water of friends. His personal appearance was Company, president of the Elizabethtown most striking, his finely proportioned Gas Light Company, vice-president of the body agreeing with his great height. It Manhattan Trust Company, trustee of the is said he never forgot a face and was Atlas Assurance Company (Limited) of most courteous in his treatment of all. London, and was largely interested in He died in New York City, in January, other corporations of note. He took an 1895, aged eighty-one years. He married, active interest in politics from his earliest January 13, 1847, Lucy, daughter of Ca youth. leb Ogden and Caroline Louise (Pitney) His wealth and corporate connections Halsted. Children: 1. Peter Philip, died rendered him a man of importance, while in 1848. 2. Caroline Morris, married his congeniality gained him many friends, George Lockhart Rives. 3. Susan Liv so that in 1882 he was the Republican ingston. 4. John, mentioned below. 5. nominee for Congress. He served in the Julian Halsted, a graduate of Yale Uni Forty-eighth Congress (i883-'8s), was de versity, class of 1876, and Columbia Law feated for re-election, was renominated School, LL.B., a prominent business man and elected two years later, serving in the of Elizabeth, New Jersey. 6. Christine Fiftieth Congress (i887-'89). He was an Griffin, married W. Emlen Roosevelt. 7. important factor in the legislation of that Lucy Halsted. 8. Hamilton Fish, an em period, and won a firm position among inent banker of New York City, senior the national leaders. He was chairman of member of Kean, Taylor & Company, and the New Jersey Republican State Com prominent as executive and director in mittee in i89i-'92, and in the latter year many large corporations ; he is active in was the party candidate for governor of Republican politics in New Jersey ; he New Jersey, but was defeated by William married Katharine Taylor, daughter of T. Werts. In 1889 he was the unanimous Robert and Kate Wilson (Taylor) Win choice of the party caucus for senator, throp, of New York. 9. Elizabeth d' was duly elected, and from 1889 until Hauteville. 10. Alexander Livingston. 19ц was United States Senator from John (3) Kean, son of John (2) and New Jersey, having been re-elected in Lucy (Halsted) Kean, was born in "Ur 1905. Those twelve years brought out sino" (near Elizabeth) New Jersey, De the full strength of his ability and proved cember 4, 1852, lived there and died there, his right to rank with the great leaders of November 4, 1914. John (3) Kean, after his day, although he figured but little in preparing in private schools, entered Yale public debate. He was chosen secretary University, class of 1876, but did not grad of the Senate caucus, and was chairman uate, receiving, however, from Yale in of the committee on contingent expenses. 1890 the honorary degree of Master of He was a practical politician, keeping Arts. He entered Columbia Law School, himself in the background, but furnishing was graduated LL.B., class of 1875, was facts, figures and plans by which others admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1877, worked. His house in Washington was but never practiced. He was associated known both as a political and social cen in business with his father, whom later ter. he succeeded in many of his official posi- After retiring from the Senate in 191 1, 57 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY at the expiration of his term, Senator throat. He graduated from that insttiut- Kean lived quietly at "Ursino" until his tion with the class of 1903, and at once death, November 4, 1914, a singular and became an interne at the Metropolitan interesting character, a useful man in his Hospital, where he gained the practical own chosen path, a friend well worth hav experience necesary to supplement the ing, and one of the men of his day against theoretical knowledge of his medical whose honor there was not even an impu course, and in 1905 was appointed visit tation. Senator Kean never married. ing surgeon to the nose and throat divi sion of the Cumberland Street Hospital, and continued in that capacity until the PAINE, Charles Emery, close of his life. He was also a member of the staffs of the Jamaica Hospital, the Physician, Hospital Official. Infants' Hospital of Brooklyn, and was Dr. Charles Emery Paine, one of the asked to serve on the board of the Peck rising young physicians of New York Memorial Hospital Hospital just before City, where he had already made a name his death. In spite of his youth Dr. Paine for himself as a specialist in the diseases had built up a large practice in the spe of the eye, ear and throat, and where his cialty that he had chosen, and was al death, which occurred at his home at No. ready regarded as very much of an au 694 St. Mark's avenue, Brooklyn, Novem thority in diseases of the eye, ear and ber 18, 1918, was felt in medical circles as throat. Dr. Paine was a prominent fig a severe loss, was a native of the State ure in the social and fraternal circles of of Maine, born in the town of Camden, Brooklyn, and was affiliated with a num August 13, 1882. Dr. Paine was a son ber of important organizations here. He of Arthur and Hattie (Coombs) Paine, was a member of the New York Homoeo old and highly respected residents of that pathic Society, and the Masonic order, place, and was descended on both sides having taken the thirty-second degree in of the house from distinguished Maine Free Masonry, and belonged to the families. Lodge, Chapter, Council, Commandery The early life of Dr. Paine was passed and Temple. at his native place, and it was there that Dr. Paine was united in marriage, No he received the preliminary portion of his vember 10, 1909, at Brooklyn, with Vir education. He was sixteen years of age ginia Durfrey, of that city. when he first came to New York City, in In the death of such brilliant young 1898, and here he completed his prepara men as Dr. Paine, whose career seems to tion for college. While yet a lad Dr. have barely more than entered upon the Paine's attention had been strongly drawn course destined for it, the community in to medicine as a science, and before he stinctively feels that it has sustained a had completed his schooling he had de loss, but when that career is not con termined to adopt it as his career in life. cerned purely with private affairs and Accordingly, upon completing his stud plans and is directed towards the benefit ies, he matriculated at the New York of others, the feeling is very legitimately Homoeopathic Medical College and there increased until it becomes a more person took the usual four year course, devoting al sorrow such as most men can expect himself during that time especially to the only from their personal friends. This study of the diseases of the eye, ear and is, of course, particularly true of the med- 58

Charles €. #aíne, £0. 2D. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ical profession than which, among all the whose ministrations it will be difficult to careers, there is none more altruistic if its duplicate. ideals are lived up to and certainly none which makes greater calls upon the self- sacrifice of those who practice it, nor is CUSHING, Adoniram J., properly undertaken without a, sincere in Lawyer, Public Official. tention of aiding one's fellow creatures in their distress and need. The amount of Adoniram Judson Cushing, one of the these that it lies within the reach of the most prominent attorneys of Providence, physician to relieve is, of course, well Rhode Island, whose death occurred on nigh limitless, his province being by no August и, 1916, descended from one of means confined to physical ills, but ex the pioneer families of New England, his tending to those no less distressing ones ancestors having settled in Hingham, of the mind and spirit, for the true phy Massachusetts, in the early Colonial days. sician neglects half his function when he Adoniram J. Cushing was the son of overlooks these. There is, perhaps, a cer Alpheus Nelson and Charlotte Everett tain tendency in some quarters today to (Foster) Cushing, well known residents regard this second realm as not pertain of North Attleboro, Massachusetts, where ing to the physician's duties for, like all he was born February 11, 1849, and it was the sciences, that of medicine has made there that he spent the earliest days of such wonderful advances during the last his childhood. half century that its practice has become Mr. Cushing began his education at the a matter of even greater difficulty than local schools, and later was sent by his in former years for those who would at father to the Connecticut Literary Insti tempt to keep abreast of the most modern tute at Suffield, Connecticut. He then knowledge in its various departments. In went to the University Grammar School response to these new demands, phy in Providence, where he completed his sicians have adopted the very natural ex elementary education and was prepared pedient of devoting themselves more and for college. It was his determination to more to the separate departments of the follow a professional career, and with this science, becoming specialists, in short, as in view he entered Brown University in the only way to practically apply the im Providence, graduating with the degree mense mass of knowledge now at their of A. B. in 1870. His alma mater later disposal. In the case of the less intelli conferred upon him the honorary degree gent this has meant a more complete con of Master of Arts on account of his bril centration upon special problems so that liant scholarship. He studied law in the the individual patient tends to become office of the firm of Thurston & Ripley, the mere "case," but there are many nota prominent attorneys of Providence, and ble exceptions who labor under no such was admitted to practice at the Rhode misconception of their office. Of these Island bar on May 30, 1872, commissioned the late Dr. Paine was a fine example, standing master in chancery on October his cheerful spirit and optimism in the 12, 189s, and subsequently admitted to sick room being in itself a therapeutic practice in the Federal courts on Novem agent of no mean value, so that his death ber 27, 1896. Mr. Cushing made for him has deprived the community in general self an enviable reputation not only and his patients in particular of one among his professional colleagues, but in

59 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the community-at-large, where he was re Masons, and a life member of both the spected and esteemed for the high stand Eagles and the Rhode Island Historical ards which he always maintained. Im Society. Mr. Cushing was prominently portant litigation was entrusted to him connected with the Rhode Island militia, and he acquitted himself so brilliantly in and here his extensive legal knowledge the handling of many important cases and broad judicial mind caused him to that he soon occupied a conspicuous place be elected to the office of judge advocate among the attorneys of this vicinity. He general with the rank of colonel, which established offices at 19 College street title he continued to hold for a number and later at 20 Market square, remaining of years. there a number of years until he removed On June 19, 1879, at Providence, Rhode to the Industrial Trust Company build Island, Adoniram J. Cushing and Mary ing a short time before his death. In ad E. Becker, daughter of Andrew and Eliza dition to his legal business, Mr. Cushing M. (Stratton) Becker, were united in was always keenly and actively interested marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Cushing one in local public affairs and held a number daughter was born, Alice May. of responsible posts in the gifts of the community. In the year 1899 ne was elected a member of the Common Coun CROXTON, John G., cil, serving in that capacity until 1902, Manufacturer, Civil War Veteran. when he was elected a member of the Board of Aldermen. Upon entering that Now and then we meet a man so force body his fellow members chose him as ful in character and magnetic in person president thereof and he continued to hold ality that when he vanishes forever from that office until 1904, officiating as acting the scenes where he has long been a fa mayor on several occasions with his usu miliar presence, it is difficult to realize al dignity and exercising in the perform that he has, indeed, departed. Such is ance of his difficult and responsible duties the case with the late John G. Croxton, the utmost tact and justice, so character for many years head of the firm of Crox istic in all his rulings. During this period ton, Wood & Company, shoe manufac Mr. Cushing performed invaluable ser turers, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mr. vice to the community in which he had Croxton, who was a veteran of the Civil chosen to live, always upholding useful War, was always notably civic-spirited, reform legislation and being responsible and was active in the promotion of the re for the introduction and passage of many ligious and benevolent interests of his important city ordinances. Mr. Cushing city. was also a conspicuous figure in social The Croxtons are of old English record, and fraternal circles, and was a member "Croxton Park," near Cambridge, Eng of a number of prominent organizations. land, being the one-time seat of the fam He was particularly active in the Inde ily. The arms are as follows : pendent Order of Odd Fellows, was past grand master of the Grand Lodge of this Arms — Sable, a lion rampant argent, debruised by a bend compony or and gules. order in Rhode Island, and for four years was the representative of the Sovereign Because of the conversion of the fam Grand Lodge of the United States. He ily to the Quaker sect their property was was also a member of Redwood Lodge of forfeited to the government, and at an

60

¿Vi~v ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

early day members settled in Chester Captain Croxton's company, one of the county, Pennsylvania. From this local first to be formed, was among the last ity they entered the Colonial forces dur to leave the government service. ing the Revolution, Samuel Croxton be Captain Croxton was appointed an of ing killed in the battle of Germantown, in ficer in the internal revenue service at the which engagement several of his rela end of the war, Ohio his district, and after tives also participated. John G. Crox a short time he left New Philadelphia ton made his home in Stark county, Ohio, where he had been stationed, and with and there he and his wife, Susan (Smith) a life-long friend, Andrew G. Wood, es Croxton, became the parents of John G. tablished in the grocery business in Cin Croxton (2), of Philadelphia. cinnati. He and Mr. Wood retained their John G. Croxton was born in Mag partnership when they came to Philadel nolia, Stark county, Ohio, March 18, phia, about 1872, and began the , manu 1839. He received his education in the facture of shoes, as Croxton, Wood & schools of his section. He had planned Company. Their venture was very suc to enter West Point, to which institution cessful, and soon the partners took prom he had received an appointment, but the inent place in the business life of the outbreak of war between the North and city. Mr. Croxton was a member of the South caused him to relinquish this pro joint board of the Shoe Association, and gram and he was one of the first to en was an enthusiastic member of the Phil list, being mustered into the Union ser adelphia Chamber of Commerce, of which vice in September, 1861, as quartermaster- he was vice-president at the time of his sergeant of Company A, Fifty-first Regi death. The splendid qualities that had ment, Ohio Volunteers, serving in that gained for him success in private enter capacity until 1863. By the fall of 1864 prise were whole-heartedly devoted to the he had risen through the grades of second welfare of the Chamber, and its useful and first lieutenant to a captaincy, his ness to its members and the welfare of rank at the close of the war. His ser the community-at-large was due in no vice was all with the Army of the West, small measure to his efforts, his clarity being in action in the battles of Chick- of vision and soundness of judgment be amauga and Murfreesboro, and in the ing dominant factors in its great growth. fall of 1864 he went with General Sher He represented the Philadelphia organi man to Atlanta. When General Sher zation at the world's convention of Cham man's army was divided he was sent with bers of Commerce in Boston in 1912, General Thomas to Nashville, participat making a truly representative ambassa ing in the fighting at that place and at dor from his city and deriving satisfac Franklin. Captain Croxton was a mem tion and pleasure from mingling with the ber of the force sent to Texas toward the world's leaders of progressive business. end of the war as a manifestation to Na For over a quarter of a century he was a poleon III., of France, that the United director of the Market Street National States were prepared to uphold the Mon Bank, and was one of the first directors roe Doctrine in Mexico. When Napo of the Bourse. Politically Mr. Croxton leon withdrew the troops he had landed was a Republican, but never took any and quiet had been restored in diplomatic active part in public affairs, preferring to and military circles, the American forces do his duty as a private citizen. He was a were withdrawn from the border and member of the Military Order of the Loy 61 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY al Legion, the Union League, Manufac The death of Mr. Croxton, which oc turers' Club and Merion Cricket Club. curred February 3, 1913, was mourned It was said of one active in philanthrop as that of a man who had enduringly ic work and now deceased that he was "a stamped his individuality on the life of man of wonderful heart." How aptly his generation, and who had so directed does this phrase describe Mr. Croxton! his efforts as to leave the world better In all he did his heart as well as his head than he found it. Below are quoted the was a factor. In business it made him the resolutions adopted by the Chamber of kind, just, friendly employer, loyally re Commerce and by the Market Street Na spected and loved by every man in his tional Bank: service. It made him a citizen whose in terest in the needy and unfortunate led It is with sincere regret that we find ourselves called upon to record our sorrow for the death of him to devote time and thought to the Mr. John G. Croxton. He was one of the organ best means of assisting them and also to izers of this association. He has for more than the more difficult task of inspiring them twenty years served as a member of the Board, with hope and courage in waging the bat being one of the vice-presidents for three years, tles of life for themselves. His sympath and in that capacity he rendered valuable service in the work of developing the commerce of Phila ies went out to his fellow-men unfettered delphia. His participation in the debates that by considerations of race or creed. He have been held on this floor was marked with was a man of fine fibre and cultured tastes, logic and clearness of expression, and on occa in feeling and in manner always the gen sion influenced the action taken by this organiza tleman. tion on important questions. His genial manner endeared him to all who knew him, and to those So clearly does John G. Croxton's per who knew him best his taking away will be the sonality stand forth in the foregoing para greatest loss. graphs, meager and inadequate as they With sorrow we record the death in Havana, are, that it seems as if no words of the Cuba, on February 3, 1913, of our beloved friend biographer could bring it more plainly in and long-time associate, John G. Croxton. Mr. Croxton had been a member of this Board con to view. It remains for the artist to show tinuously since January, 1888, having been first the generation now coming forward to elected within a year of the bank's organization. take the places of those retiring from the A successful business man of the most sterling scene, what manner of man was the man character, he was a sound adviser, absolutely free ufacturer and citizen — his fine presence, from prejudice; always fair-minded ; he was char itable but impartial in his judgment He rightly strong features, kindly eyes and general maintained that character was even more import aspect of command and benevolence. He ant than capital. Genial and even tempered, his was a man who made friends easily and presence always tended to make any meeting both held them long. pleasant and profitable. We shall greatly miss his John G. Croxton married, November 14, wise counsel and faithful friendship which some of us have cherished for more than thirty years. 1868, Gertrude Bailey, daughter of John Modest and retiring in disposition, Mr. Croxton E. and Eliza Ann (Church) Bailey, of To would desire no public eulogy, and to those who ledo, Ohio, descendant of the well-known know him none is necessary. His life was ever Bartlett family of New England, Josiah clean and helpful to his day and generation. Phila Bartlett, of New Hampshire, signer of the delphia has lost one of her most useful, public- spirited citizens whose sound judgment has served Declaration of Independence, being a her well. member. Mr. Croxton's family life was ideal, his wife going hand-in-hand with In one sense it is impossible to say of him in his benevolence of thought and John G. Croxton that he has "ceased from deed. earth." He is still with us, not only in

62 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the hearts that loved him, but in the lives he has continued with eminent success to of those to whom he carried relief, heal the present time, his later years of prac ing, courage and regeneration. The ex tice being devoted exclusively to general ample and work of this one man will consultation work on diseases of the heart make the Philadelphia of the future a bet and blood vessels. ter and a greater city than the Philadel Dr. Bishop has contributed numerous phia of the past. valuable articles to medical literature, among them being: "The Course and Management of Complicating Myocar BISHOP, Louis Faugeres, A. M., M. D., ditis," delivered before the American Medical Association ; "Chronic Cardiac Specialist, Consultant, Author. Disease and its Management," delivered Louis Faugeres Bishop, eminent spe before the New Jersey State Medical So cialist and consultant in diseases of the ciety ; "A Clinical Study of Myocarditis," circulation, professor of diseases of the delivered before the American Medical heart and circulation at Fordham Univer Association ; "Early Recognition and sity, consulting physician in cardiovas Management of Arterial Degeneration," cular diseases at Mercy Hospital and at delivered before the New York Academy tending physician to the Lincoln Hospit of Medicine in 1901. Dr. Bishop's princi al, has had an enviable success in his pal books are : "Heart Disease, Blood chosen field of practice, in which he is a Pressure and the Nauheim Treatment," recognized authority in this country. published by Funk & Wagnalls, and "An- Louis F. Bishop was born in New teriosclerosis," published by the Oxford Brunswick, New Jersey, March 14, 1864, University Press. Dr. Bishop is a mem a son of James and Mary Faugeres (El ber of the following medical organiza lis) Bishop. He received a liberal clas tions : Member and former secretary of sical education in the schools of his native the New York Academy of Medicine, city, St. Paul's School, Concord, New 1895-1903, and for two years chairman of Hampshire, and Rutgers College, grad the section on Medicine; the American uating from the latter in 1885 with the Medical Association ; the New York Path degree of Bachelor of Arts and in 1889 ological Society; Society of the Alumni the degree of Master of Arts was confer of St. Luke's Hospital. He is a Fellow red upon him by the same institution. He of the American College of Physicians. entered upon the study of medicine un Dr. Bishop is the worthy representative der Dr. William Elmer, of Trenton, New of a distinguished ancestor, Dr. Louis Jersey, and in 1886 entered the College of Faugeres, his great-grandfather, after Physicians and Surgeons, graduating in whom he was named. Dr. Faugeres was 1889 with the degree of M. D. He then one of the most prominent physicians in became resident physician at St. Luke's New York in his day, and was one of the Hospital, where he remained from 1889 organizers and a trustee of the College of to 1892, and was for three months identi Physicians and Surgeons of New York, fied with the Sloane Maternity Hospital, on the charter of which his name appears and held an appointment at the Vander- enrolled. He died in New York City in bilt Clinic for five years. In 1893 Dr. the year 1814. Dr. Bishop belongs to the Bishop engaged in the private practice of best element of the really progressive his profession in New York City, where medical profession of the metropolis, 63 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY which is second to none in the world. The ed to our population, than has Ireland. success he has attained is due to no ex Certainly the number of those that have traneous influences that count so largely come here from those green shores has in the rise of many, but is owing to the shown how warm was the hope with qualities of his mental constitution, which which her oppressed sons and daughters would not allow of his remaining in the looked towards a new life in this great rank and file. His habits of long and con Democracy, and not less certainly are we tinuous hard work and study have con grateful for the splendid, the peculiarly tributed to give him an eminence among Irish qualities of courage and light-heart his colleagues which is widely acknowl ed enterprise, with which the whole great edged. fabric of our citizenship has been col On November 14, 1899, Dr. Bishop was ored. married to Charlotte Dater Grüner, a A notable member of this race who daughter of Sigfried Grüner, deceased, in made his home in Lawrence, Massachu his lifetime president of the New York setts, was Jeremiah Lucy, prominently Cotton Exchange. connected in that place with the business interests of the region, a successful, broad-visioned merchant and in the truest LUCY, Jeremiah, sense of the word a self-made man, a man remarkable for the breadth of his wisdom, Retired BnaLness in his indomitable perseverance, his The career of a successful business man strong individuality, and yet a man whose not only directly benefits society, but, life as an open scroll invites the closest when the result of individual effort, it af scrutiny. In the death of Mr. Lucy, who fords an incentive to others for high en passed from life at his residence in Law deavor and the achievement of like suc rence, Massachusetts, on October 17, cess. For this reason worthy examples, 1903, at the age of fifty-eight years, Law such as the life story of the late Jere rence suffered the loss of one of its best miah Lucy, not only justify, but merits a known and most highly respected citi place in the biographical history of repre zens. He was a man of manly qualities, sentative men of New England. strong personality, and the possessor of The memory of Jeremiah Lucy, of Law business principles of a very high char rence, Massachusetts, will ever be a bene acter. The strength of his business abil diction, and his career an inspiration. We ity is demonstrated by his rise in the bus are never ready for Death, that greatest iness world, and the beauty of his charac of all life's mysteries, but when it comes ter was shown in his devotion to his fam to our true friends, even the hurrying bus ily and in his quiet and unostentatious iness world is willing to halt and pay a benevolence. tribute of respect to those who have Jeremiah Lucy was born in the city of played a real part in it. Among all the Cork, Ireland, in the year 1845, the son many countries whose people have come of Jeremiah and Johanna (Murphy) Lu together in the United States and made cy, both natives of Cork. He received up its complex population, none stands his education in the schools of his native higher, either in the generosity with city, and at the age of eighteen emigrat which she has given of her sons to us, ed to the United States, locating in the or the quality of the element she has add city of Lawrence, where he immediately 64

I

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY found work in one of the big woolen said of him that he was a man of unusual mills. By practicing rigid economy he strength of character and business abil saved sufficient money to enable him to ity, and he made his way to success engage in the grocery business at No. through fair dealings with his fellow- 369 Elm street, Lawrence, Massachu men. He inherited his fine, moral, re setts. He soon established a splendid ligious instincts from his Catholic par provision business, and in order to supply ents, and after he arrived at manhood he the demand of his customers he added constantly endeavored to live up to the liquors, wines, ales and beer, catering precepts of the religion that was taught strictly to the family trade, and also doing him at his mother's knee. He was as a wholesale business. He conducted his kind and devoted a husband and father business successfully for over a quarter as ever lived, and it was within the sa- of a century, when he retired, and the credness of his own home that his cher succeeding years he devoted to his family ished form and speech will be forever and in looking after his real estate inter missed and mourned. He was one of the ests. He was always interested in the most genial and agreeable of men, and no civic affairs of the city of his adoption, man was ever larger hearted or more un but never aspired to hold any public of selfishly devoted to his family. He was fice. He belonged to the Ancient Order honorable and square in business, and of Hibernians, and was a devout member lived a clean, christian life in every way. of the Roman Catholic church, to which He kept well-posted upon the affairs of he was always a liberal contributor. the day in the City, State and Nation, and In 1869 he was united in marriage with talked enthusiastically and understand Mary Newman, daughter of Thomas and ing^ about the questions of the hour. He Mary (Kiley) Newman, both natives of possessed a retentive memory, which was Cork, Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Lucy were well stored with recollections of men and the parents of eight children, four of events. He enjoyed to converse in a rem whom are living as follows: 1. Jeremiah, iniscent manner, and was both a good born in Lawrence, Massachusetts; mar listener and conversationalist. There was ried Mary LaFrance, and they are the no relation of life in which he did not parents of five children: Ethel, Rose play his part most worthily, and in which mary, Newman, Vincent, and Dorothy. he might not well serve as a model for 2. Catherine, born in Lawrence, Massa the coming generations. A true and loy chusetts ; lives with her mother in the old al friend, Jeremiah Lucy was one of that Lucy homestead on Manchester street, stamp of men who leave their impress on Lawrence. 3. Hannah, born in Lawrence, the community which is thus enriched by Massachusetts ; married William Wood, their presence, and who will not soon be who died in December, 1918. 4. Nellie, forgotten by their fellow-men. born in Lawrence, Massachusetts; lives with her mother on Manchester street, ~" Lawrence. WHITE, Daniel Smith, Since the death of her husband Mrs. Lucy has continued to reside in the Lucy Noted Hotel Proprietor. homestead, Lawrence, Massachusetts. In Daniel Smith White, one of the pro closing this memorial tribute to the mem- prietors of the great Hotel Traymore at ory of Jeremiah Lucy it can be truly Atlantic City, New Jersey, the largest re 65 A. В.-6-s ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY sort hotel in the world, and a prominent pointed Indian trader, in which capacity and influential citizen of that place, is a he served for three years, by the United native of Burlington county, New Jer States Commissioner of Indian Affairs, sey, his birth having occurred on his fath and later engaged in a general mercantile er's farm in that region, December 5, business at Sheldon, Iowa. In the year 1853. He is a son of Barclay and Beulah 1886, after seven successful years in that S. (Shreve) White, prosperous and high line of business, Mr. White sold out his ly respected farmers of Burlington coun interest for a good price, and as an equal ty, his father having died at the town of partner with his father-in-law, W. W. Mt. Holly, New Jersey, in 1907. Mr. Green, and his brother-in-law, G. E. White's grandfather was Joseph White, Knight, purchased the Hotel Traymore brother of Josiah White, the first man to at Atlantic City. The Traymore was use coal as a means of melting iron, and at that time a comparatively small the first to ship coal to Philadelphia. He hotel, with accommodations for one was the owner of a large tract of land hundred and twenty persons, the build which included the falls of the Schuylkill ing being of frame construction, but river, and he sold these to the city of with an ideal situation on the ocean Philadelphia, which has utilized it as a front. It was the opportunity inherent source of the city water supply. Mr. in this splendid location which first ap White's mother, Beulah S. (Shreve) pealed to the excellent business judg White, was the daughter of James S. ment of Mr. White, and he also fore Shreve, of Burlington county, New Jer saw the enormous development as a re sey. sort of Atlantic City. In 1887 he added The early education of Daniel Smith to his hotel six private baths, and from White was obtained at the local public that time to the present has made most schools in Burlington county, and he af extensive additions and alterations in or terwards attended a private school in der to bring it up to its present great Philadelphia, where he was prepared for proportions and make it adequate to the college. He then matriculated at Swarth- enormous patronage which its popularity more College, in Pennsylvania, where he has won. Mr. White has reconstructed took the usual classical course. Mr. the hotel no less than six times, and it is White's father was Superintendent of In now the largest resort hotel in the world. dian Affairs during President Grant's ad It contains seven hundred rooms with ministration, with headquarters at Oma baths, each of which is supplied with hot ha, Nebraska, and there the young man and cold fresh water, and hot and cold went, after leaving college, in 1871, and salt water, the rooms themselves being worked as a clerk in his father's office for large and spacious, while the magnificent about twelve months. He then became re public dining-room and the superbly fit ceiving teller of the First National Bank ted lobby make it the showplace of the of that city, which was the parent insti city and one of the finest institutions of tution of the great banking house of its kind in the world. The dimensions of Kountze Brothers, now of New York the building are enormous, it being one City. After a year in this position, he hundred and fifty feet wide, by five hun returned to his father's office, and there dred and twenty-five feet in length, and it once more took up clerical work, contin is constructed of reinforced concrete, uing for about two years. He was ap which makes it quite fire-proof. It is sev 66 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY enteen stories in height, measuring about Mrs. Daniel S. White, by her great in two hundred and twenty feet from the dustry and executive management, has highest roof to the ground. The Tray- largely contributed to the success of the more is open all the year round, and win business of the Hotel Traymore. She is ter and summer alike see it filled to over an ardent and earnest worker in assisting flowing with guests. our soldiers and sailors. She is a woman Mr. White is president of the Hotel of sterling character and extreme mod Traymore Company, and for thirty years esty and a model home woman. has been the active executive manager. He is a most indefatigable worker and possesses the soundest business judgment KING, James Joseph, А. В., M. D., and an extraordinary capacity for organ Specialist, Author. ization which, in combination, has made possible his truly great achievement. In James Joseph King. Specialist in Dis addition to his activity as manager of this eases of the Ear, Nose and Throat, At enormous hostelry, Mr. White is also tending Larynologist to the Hospital of very active in the general affairs of At Ruptured and Crippled, New York City, lantic City and is connected with a num Assistant Surgeon in Othology at the ber of important interests here. He is a New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Chief- director and stockholder of the Guaran of-Clinic of Ear, Nose and Throat, at tee Trust Company, which office he has Gouverneur Hospital, has already attain filled for a considerable period, and in ed a fixed place of prominence in his pro 1916 was elected its president, an office fession, a fact which derives additional which he holds at the present time. He is weight from the circumstance that Dr. a trustee of the Young Men's Christian King is still a young man in the early Association, a member of the Hotel Men's prime of his years. Whether as physician, Association of the United States, the author, or as an important factor in the af Union League Club of Philadelphia, and fairs of medical institutions, he is char many other organizations. He is an en- acterized by abilities of a superior order. thusisastic sportsman, loving life in the His native talents developed by solid ac open air, and in this connection he is af quirements and disciplined by research filiated with the Seaview Golf Club of and practice gives to him a fine equip Atlantic City, and the Country Club of ment of learning and skill. Atlantic City, of which he is vice-presi James Joseph King was born at Co dent. He is also a member of the Seniors lumbia, Tennessee, March 9, 1882, a son Club of Rye, New York. In his religious of Meredith David and Katherine La- belief Mr. White is a Friend, and attends vinia Jane (Smith) King, the former at the church of that denomination at At one time a well known business man and lantic City. leading citizen of that State. He attend Daniel Smith White was united in mar ed the public schools of Columbia and riage, June 10, 1879, at Philadelphia, completed his classical education at the Pennsylvania, with Serena B. Green, of University of Tennessee, graduating Delaware City, Pennsylvania, where her therefrom with the degree of A. B. in birth occurred July 31, 1854, a daugh 1904. He entered upon the study of med ter of Walter W. and Hannah C. Green, icine in the medical department of the of that place. University of Tennessee, but complet 67 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ed his medical course at the Univer member and secretary of the Manhattan sity of Louisville, from which he Medical Society, and the American Acad graduated with the degree of M. D. in emy of Opthalmology, Otology and 1907. Immediately upon receiving his Laryngology. Dr. King is president of degree he received an appointment as in the Tennessee Society in New York, a terne at the Knoxville General Hospital, member of the Southern Society of New where he remained for one year, when he York, the Columbia Yacht Club, Phi Kap went to Philadelphia, where he became pa Phi and Alpha Kappa Kappa fraterni resident physician at the Children's Hos ties. Dr. King had the advantage of four pital during 1907-08. After completing years of drill practice and military train his service at the Children's Hospital, he ing while a student at the University of engaged in private practice at Freeland, Tennessee, and is acting government ex Pennsylvania, continuing until 191 1, when aminer for the ear, nose and throat for he came to New York City to take up the aviation service. His office address is research work and experimental medicine No. 40 East Forty-first Street, New York in diseases of the ear, nose and throat. City. He was house surgeon at St. Bartholo On October 2, 1918, Dr. King received mew's Clinic during 1911-12, and in 1913 a commission as captain in the Medical opened offices in New York, limiting his Department, United States Army, and practice to the treatment of the ear, nose was sent to the Base Hospital, Camp and throat. Dr. King has given the McClellan, Alabama. He was made in branch in which he specializes profound structor in diseases of the ear, nose and study, the extent of his research and un throat there. Later he was transferred to derstanding being evident in his practice the Air Medical Service, being sent to and in his writings. In the field of auth the Medical Research Laboratory at orship, Dr. King has made many contri Mineóla and assigned to a study of the butions of noteworthy merit to medical internal ear of birds and fishes. He was literature, one of his most important pro honorably discharged from the army, ductions being a book on "Diseases of the April 9, 1919. Ear, Nose and Throat, from the Practi tioner's Viewpoint," published in 1916, that was well received by the profession, FRISBIE, Edward Laurens, the entire book having been run through several editions of the "International Man of Affairs, Public Official. Journal of Surgery." Dr. King devised a By the middle of the thirteenth century tonsil enucleator, and in his research has the surname Frisbie was well established been actively interested in the relation of in several counties in England, and we focal infection in tonsils, et cetera, to find numerous entries in the Hundred systematic conditions such as rheuma Rolls, 1273. The name is of local origin, tism. signifying that those who first adopted Dr. King is a member of the Authors' it were residents of Frisby, a chapelry in League of America, a Fellow of the County Leicester, whence families of the American Medical Association, a member name spread into all parts of England. of the New York Academy of Medicine, Early entries preserve the particle "de," the New York State Medical Society, the which disappears toward the close of the New York County Medical Association, a fifteenth century. 68

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fris tsfo ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Frisbie Arms — Argent, three fleurs-de-lis gules. Abigail (Culver) Frisbie, was born in Branford, Connecticut, and removed to The Connecticut Frisbies are the de Waterbury with his father, settling on scendants of Edward and John Frisbie, Bronson's Meadow, where he resided un for whom long established tradition til his death. He married (first) Hannah claims a Welsh origin. Both were sign Waklee, May 25, 1769. She was the ers of the Plantation and Church Coven daughter of Ebenezer Waklee, and died ant of the town of Bradford, Connecticut, in Waterbury, November 22, 1778. He in January, 1668, and both became the married (second) Ruth Seward, daughter progenitors of families which have wield of Amos Seward, on June 3, 1779. Reu ed powerful influence in the life of Con ben Frisbie died September 10, 1824, aged necticut since the earliest days of the seventy-eight years. colony. The late Edward Laurens Fris (IV) Daniel Frisbie, son of Reuben bie, well known manufacturer and pub and Hannah (Waklee) Frisbie, was born lic man of Waterbury, was a lineal de in Waterbury, Connecticut, January 16, scendant of Edward Frisbie, who came 1 77 1. He was a prosperous farmer and from Wales and settled in the Hartford prominent resident of Waterbury. He Colony soon after its establishment, and married, September 29, 1794, Eunice Hill, who, in 1644, was one of a party that pur daughter of Jared Hill. Daniel Frisbie chased Totoket (now Branford) and or died November 15, 1850, aged eighty ganized a town government there. The years. line descends through Elijah Frisbie, the (V) Laurens Frisbie, son of Daniel and first of the name to settle in Waterbury. Eunice (Hill) Frisbie, was born in Wa (I) John Frisbie, the first of the direct terbury, Connecticut, August 2, 1800. He line to whom it has been possible to trace, married, in 1821, Artimesia Welton, who was a resident of the town of Branford. was born April 15, 1798, daughter of He married Abigail Culpepper, and Richard Welton, Jr., and Sarah (Gunn) among their children was Elijah, men Welton, his wife; she was a descendant tioned below. of John Welton, the founder, through (II) Elijah Frisbie, son of John and Richard, Eliakim, Richard (2) and Rich Abigail (Culpepper) Frisbie, was born in ard (3). Their children were: 1. Sarah Branford, and resided there until 1759, Mariend, born September 22, 1822. 2. when he removed to Wolcott. Here he Edward Laurens, mentioned below. 3. lived on the Waterbury road until his Felicia Ann, born July 31, 1827. death on February 15, 1800, at the age (VI) Edward Laurens Frisbie, son of of eighty-one years. Elijah Frisbie's Laurens and Artimesia (Welton) Frisbie, house stood in the historic Bronson's was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, Au Meadow until 1801. A stone was set in gust 22, 1824. He spent his childhood on the boundary line between Waterbury and his father's farm, was educated in the lo Wolcott at that date, "where the centre cal district schools, and on completing his of the house was." Elijah Frisbie mar studies returned to farming. In 1837, at ried (first) Abigail Culver, who died the age of twenty-three years, he entered April 19, 1771 ; (second) Elizabeth Ives, the kettle department of the Waterbury who died October 11, 1776; (third) Ly Brass Company, where he remained until dia Redfield. the summer of 1848, when the old method (III) Reuben Frisbie, son of Elijah and of manufacturing kettles by stamping 69 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was superseded by a machine for spin boards and committees. He was a mem ning them. In the spring of 1849 ne en" ber of the board of assessors and justice tered the employ of Brown & Elton, and of the peace for many years. Mr. Fris was engaged in casting brass and German bie was a Democrat of the Jeffersonian silver with this firm until it was dissolved school, and until his death was a promi and the new firm of Brown Brothers nent leader in the councils of his party. In formed. Under the new organization he religious belief he was an Episcopalian ; was made foreman of the casting depart when St. John's Parish was divided and ment. His connection with Brown Broth Trinity Parish formed, he became a ves ers covered a period of thirty years, dur tryman in the newly-established church ing which time he rose rapidly to a posi and was later one of its wardens. Despite tion of influence in the firm, eventually the varied and insistent nature of his pub taking a leading part in its management. lic service and his business and financial In 1854 he purchased an interest in the interests, Mr. Frisbie was essentially a business, and thenceforward until his re home lover, finding his greatest enjoy tirement from active business life in 1883 ment at his own fireside. His home was he directed the policies of the firm. Dur the center of a wide and cultured circle of ing the greater part of this period he was friends. A man of deep sympathies, sin actively and prominently identified with cere in his purpose and steadfast in his numerous industrial and financial enter attachments, Mr. Frisbie's friends were prises in Waterbury. Mr. Frisbie was a legion, and his death caused genuine sor member of the board of trustees of the row among hundreds. Waterbury Savings Bank, and for sev On February 11, 1850, Mr. Frisbie mar eral years was its president. He was a ried Hannah A. Welton, daughter of Her- prime factor in the movement which re shel Welton, of Wolcott; she died July sulted in the founding of the Dime Sav 10, 1857. Two of their four children died ings Bank, of which he was a trustee un in infancy; two attained majority: Mary til his death. He was also a director of A., who became the wife of Ellis Phelan, the Manufacturers National Bank and and Edward Laurens, a resident of Wa was its president at the time of his death. terbury. Mr. Frisbie married (second) In 1854, Mr. Frisbie made his entrance Josephine Deming, daughter of Abner into public life in Waterbury, as the rep Deming, of Derby; she died Octo resentative of his district in the Connecti ber 14, 1872, leaving one daughter, Jose cut State Legislature. From this time phine. On October 2, 1884, Mr. Frisbie forward he took an active and influential married (third) Emily J. Welton, daugh part in the official affairs of Waterbury, ter of George Wales and Mary (Graham) serving in various public offices, and lend Welton, of Waterbury (see Welton VII). ing his support continuously to all move Mrs. Frisbie is a member of the Melicent ments which had for their end the better Porter Chapter, Daughters of the Ameri ment of civic conditions. In 1872 he was can Revolution, holding a life member re-elected to the Legislature. Mr. Fris ship in the chapter. She is also a mem bie was also a member of the Board of ber of the Woman's Club, and was at one Selectmen before the incorporation of time its president, the third woman to Waterbury as a city. Under the city gov hold the office. She has long been active ernment he served as member of the city in the benevolent and philanthropic ef council, and as member of numerous forts of Trinity Church, and has been a

70

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY generous donor to all such endeavors in agreement. John Welton shared in all the Waterbury. Mrs. Frisbie is widely and allotments except the first, and was prob eminently known in the more conserva ably in Mattatuck as early as 1679. Here tive social circles of the city. he was one of the twenty-five who Edward Laurens Frisbie died at his pledged themselves to pay the salary of home in Waterbury, April 13, 1909. Mr. Peck, the first minister. In 1691 he was a member of the local militia, with (The Welton Line). the rank of corporal. In 1708 he was se Arms — Argent, a mullet gules, on a chief of the lectman, and for eight years, between second a demi-lion rampant of the field. 1698 and 1714, filled the office of town Crest — A demi-lion rampant argent, guttée de constable. He lived on the south side of sang. West Main street. His house lot, con The surname Welton, of local origin, taining two acres, was bounded on the and therefore of ancient date, appears in east by lands of Thomas Judd, Jr., west medieval English registers of as early by land of Abraham Andruss, Sr., and date as the Hundred Rolls, 1273, where north and south by the highway. John we find the entry — Roger de Weltone — Welton married Mary ; she died for County Bedford. Parishes of the October 18, 1716. They were the parents name flourished in the thirteenth century of eleven children, six of whom were born in counties Oxford, Lincoln, Northants, in Farmington before the removal of the and in the East Riding of Yorkshire. The family to Waterbury. John Welton died particle "de" was eventually dropped, and June 18, 1726; his son George was ad the name in its present form has figured ministrator of the estate. He was one of in English life and affairs for over seven the leading men of the early settlement hundred years. at Waterbury. The American Weltons, distinctively a (II) Richard Welton, son of John and Connecticut family, comprise the progeny Mary Welton, was born September 27, of one John Welton, an Englishman of 1679, ai,d 's reputed to have been the first substance, whose descendants have played child of English parents born in Water notable parts in the public, professional bury. In May, 1699, and in 1723 became and business life of Connecticut Colony a townsman. He was apparently a car and Commonwealth, for two and a half penter by trade and was a sergeant of centuries. The line of ancestry traced militia. He first bought the house and herein is that of the late George Wales a lot of three acres on the corner of Grove Welton, one of the organizers of the Wa and Willow streets of his brother Ste terbury Brass Company, and one of the phen, for which he gave "a horse and a leading business men of Waterbury in young stear and a parcel of timber," on the middle decades of the last century. August 1, 1703. In 171 1, "in considera (I) John Welton, immigrant ancestor tion of a two year old heffer," he con and progenitor, was, according to family veyed the land (no mention is made of tradition, originally a resident of Say- the house) to John Scovill. In 1708 he brook, whence he removed early to had purchased the house of Joseph Gay- Farmington. Here he was one of the lord, Jr., on Buckshill, and removed there. pioneer settlers, and in 1672 was one of Richard Welton married Mary Upson, the eighty-four proprietors of the town. daughter of Stephen Upson. In 1674 he was a signer of the articles of (III) Richard (2) Welton, son of Rich 71 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ard (i) and Mary (Upton) Welton, was near the present residence of Hiram E. born in Waterbury, January 5, 1701. He Welton. Richard F. Welton married was a prosperous land owner and farm (first) Sarah Anna Hickox. He married er. On November 3, 1724, he married (second) Anna Porter, daughter of Dr. Anna Fenton, daughter of Jonathan Fen- Timothy Porter. They were the parents ton, of Fairfield; she died December 17, of three children: Caroline, George W., 1765. He died January 11, 1766. mentioned below ; Joseph C. (IV) John (2) Welton, son of Rich (VI) George Wales Welton, son of ard (2) and Anna (Fenton) Welton, was Richard Fenton and Anna (Porter) Wel born January 26, 1726-27, in Waterbury, ton, was born in the old Welton home Connecticut. He was a farmer of Buck- stead on East Main street, Waterbury, shill. From an early period he was a August 26, 1809. After preparatory stud prominent member of the Episcopal so ies in the Buckshill school, he entered ciety, and held the office of senior war the Waterbury Academy. On complet den. At the beginning of the Revolution ing his studies he turned to agricultural ary War he espoused the cause of the col pursuits, and until 1845 was engaged suc onies, became a moderate Whig, and was cessfully in extensive farming operations. confided in by the friends of Colonial In the latter year he was one of the prime independence. In 1784 he was appoint movers in the formation of the now fa ed a justice of the peace, and the same mous Waterbury Brass Company, and year was elected to the Legislature, of until 1857 filled the position of superin which he was a useful and much respect tendent of the company's plants. In 1857 ed member for fifteen sessions. It is said he became superintendent of the Holmes, that few men were listened to with more Booth & Haydens plant, and served in deference than he. He died January 22, this capacity for thirteen years. Through 1816. John Welton married, January 5, out this period he was a leading figure in 1758, Dorcas Hickcox, daughter of Cap the manufacturing circles of Waterbury, tain Samuel Hickcox. She died June 13, a man whose judgment and ability were 1815. eagerly sought and highly respected. Mr. (V) Richard Fenton Welton, son of Welton was one of the founders of the Captain John (2) and Dorcas (Hickcox) Plume & Atwood Manufacturing Com Welton, was born April 17, 1767. On pany, and a member of its board of direc reaching manhood he removed to the cen tors until his death. He was also a stock ter of the town, and lived on East Main holder in the Oakville Pin Company. street, near the west end of the lot on George Wales Welton stands out pre which the church of the Immaculate Con dominantly from the ranks of those men ception stands. His lot was bounded on who directed the first industrial and com the west by land of James ScovilPs, the mercial growth of the city of Waterbury, division line being about where the west and laid the foundation for its present line of Phoenix alley now is. About 1803 commanding position in the manufactur he established a general merchandise bus ing life of New England. He was a man iness, in a store which he owned on the of long vision, cognizant of the resources corner of East and South Main streets. of his native city, and ambitious for its About 1810, his health failing, he gave up development. Every public movement for his business, and returned to Buckshill, the advancement of civic interests had where he purchased a small farm. In 1817 his interested support. He remained aloof he disposed of this and removed to a farm from politics however.

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

On September n, 1837, Mr. Welton Few families, says Sir Walter Scott, married (first) in Waterbury, Harriet can boast of greater historic renown than Minor, daughter of Archibald Minor, of that of Graham. Great obscurity and Wolcott, Connecticut. They were the numerous fables invest the origin of the parents of a daughter, Harriet Minor, name, yet even Sir Robert Douglas re who became the wife of Leverett D. Ki- peats the old story that the Grahams nea, of Thomaston, Connecticut. On De are descended from the famous warrior, cember 22, 1840, Mr. Welton married Robert Graham, who with his men (second) Mary Graham, who was born in breached the Roman wall in 420 and won Hartford, daughter of Cyrus Graham. it the name of Graham's Dyke in the Their children were: 1. Mary Eliz time of Fergus II. (Graham's Dyke is abeth, became the wife of George still the local name for the Roman forti E. Bissell, the noted sculptor; they fied frontier, consisting of rampart, forts have five children: i. George Wel and road, which ran across the narrow ton, dean of the Michigan State College isthmus of Scotland from the Firth of at Lansing, ii. Isabella Graham, at home, Clyde and formed the northern boundary iii. Harry Johnson, iv. Joseph Welton, of Roman Britain. The first authentic died in childhood, v. Percy R., United appearance of the name in Scottish his States army. 2. Emily J., mentioned be tory occurs circa 1143-47, when William low. 3. Ellen Caroline, who married of Graham was one of the witnesses of James E. Coer, of Waterbury. 4. George David I. to the Holyroad Charter. In this Richard, now deceased ; married Nellie entry the name is spelled De Graeme, C. Webster, of Thomaston ; their daugh which would indicate a local origin. The ter, Gertrude Webster, is a graduate of descendants of this progenitor form one St. Margaret's School, of Wellesley Col of the largest and most distinguished lege, and the medical department of the families in Scotland. They possess the University of Michigan; Miss Welton is dukedom, marquisates and earldom of now a well known physician of New York Montrose ; marquisate of Graham and City, and is in charge of the X-ray de Buchanan; earldoms of Airth, Kincar partment of the Polyclinic Hospital of dine, Monteith and Strathern ; viscount New York. 5. Child who died in in ies of Dundas, Dundee and Preston ; fancy. lordships of Aberuthven, Kilpoint, etc.; (VII) Emily J. Welton, daughter of barony of Esk, etc. George Wales and Mary (Graham) Wel The American families of the name des ton, was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, cend from several unrelated progenitors. August 27, 1845. She married, October Connecticut and Massachusetts boast 2, 1884, Edward Laurens Frisbie, of Wa many distinguished Graham families. terbury (see Frisbie VI). Tradition has it that the Grahams of (The Graham Line). Connecticut descend from three broth Arms — Quarterly, ist and 4th or, on a chief ers. One of the first of the name to set sable three escallops of the first, for Graham ; 2nd tle within the limits of the colony was and 3rd argent, three roses gules, barbed and seed Benjamin Graham, of Hartford. Several ed proper, for the title of Montrose. members of the family rendered valiant Crest— A falcon proper, beaked and armed or, service during the American Revolution. killing a stork argent, beaked and membered gules. Mrs. Emily J. (Welton) Frisbie, widow Motto — N'oublies. (Do not forget). of the late E. L. Frisbie, of Waterbury, 73 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Connecticut, (see Frisbie) descends ma boast of a greater number of their sons ternally from the Graham family. per unit of population whose names de (I) Jesse Graham, great-grandfather of serve to be remembered as having had to Mrs. Frisbie, was born in 1761, and was do with the development and growth of but fifteen years of age on the outbreak the place. Among these names, that of of the American Revolution. He enlisted the late Charles Woodman Hayes stands as a drummer-boy, however, and his name high. Self-made in the truest sense of appears on the payroll of the Fourth Con the word, successful in his business un necticut regiment, Colonel Zebulon But dertakings and aims, his career was an ler commanding, as having received pay apt illustration of the value of character from January 1, 1781, to December 31, in determining the measure of success 1 781. His name again appears on the possible to attain. Industry, thrift and Census of Pensions, as returned under the perseverance marked his way through Act for Taking the Sixth Census in 1840, life, and to these qualities he added busi at which time he was a resident of Chat ness ability of a higher order, and an ham, in Middlesex county, and was sev honesty of purpose that enabled him to enty-nine years old. Jesse Graham was a avoid those business and moral pitfalls farmer and well known resident of Chat that abound everywhere to trap the un ham for several decades. He married, and wary. His death, which occurred in Mad- among his children was Cyrus Graham, bury, New Hampshire, September 26, mentioned below. 191 5, while on a visit to the place of his (II) Cyrus Graham, son of Jesse Gra birth, was not only a severe loss to his ham, was a well known resident of West loved ones, but to the entire community in Hartford. He married Fanny Curtis, and which he had lived for so many years. It they were the parents of Mary Graham, is of interest to note that Mr. Hayes died mentioned below. in the same house in which he was born. (HI) Mary Graham, daughter of Cyrus Mr. Hayes was a member of one of the and Fanny (Curtis) Graham, was born oldest of American families, and inherited May 1 8, 1 81 7, and died February 13, from various New England ancestors 1892. She married, December 22, 1840, those qualities of enterprise and industry George Wales Welton, of Waterbury, which lead to success and have made the Connecticut. Their daughter, Emily J. New Englander preeminent throughout Welton, became the wife of the late Ed the United States and many other sec ward Laurens Frisbie, of Waterbury. tions of the world. (See Frisbie). Charles Woodman Hayes was born in Madbury, New Hampshire, September il, 1836, the second son and youngest child HAYES, Charles Woodman, of Samuel Davis and Comfort (Chesley) Hayes. The name Hayes is of Scotch ori Man of Lofty Character. gin. It was originally written Hay, and Certainly among all the communities of means an enclosed park or field. Four the State of New Hampshire, great or families of the name of Hayes came to small, there is none that can point with New England in the seventeenth century. pride to a higher average of good citizen (I) John Hayes, the immigrant ances ship among its members than the city of tor of Charles Woodman Hayes, settled Dover, New Hampshire, none which can in Dover Corner, New Hampshire, about

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1680. He had a grant of twenty acres of Ham, July 3, 1794. She was born in Bar land, March 18, 1694, and this was laid rington, New Hampshire, April 11, 1773. out November 4, 1702. It lay betwen lo They lived in New Durham for three calities known as Barbardoes and Tole- years, and in 1797 moved to Madbury, end, and it is probable that most of his which became their permanent home. He land was secured by purchase. He died died March 27, 1851. His wife died De October 25, 1708, of malignant fever, four cember 25, 1859. days after he was taken sick, as appears (VI) .Samuel Davis Hayes, second by the journal of Rev. John Pike. He was child and eldest son of Jonathan and Mary married, June 28, 1686, to Mary Home. (Ham) Hayes, was born in New Dur (II) Deacon John (2) Hayes, eldest ham, April 8, 1796. His parents moved to child of John (1) and Mary (Home) Madbury when he was two years of age, Hayes, was born in 1687, and lived in and that place was his home during the Dover, at Tole-end. He was deacon of remainder of his life of eighty-eight years. the first Dover church, being the third In 1814 he went as drummer with the in succession from the establishment of Madbury Company of State Militia to the that church. He died June 3, 1759, and defense of Portsmouth. He afterward was buried on Pine Hill and his tomb held all the company offices in the militia. stone is still in existence. He married He was seven times elected selectman, (first) Tamsen (Wentworth) Chesley, and he held other town offices. He mar widow of James Chesley, and daughter of ried Comfort Chesley, third daughter of Deacon Ezekiel Wentworth, of Somers- Samuel and Nancy Chesley, of Madbury. worth. She died December 30, 1753, at She was born October 8, 1806, married the age of sixty-five years. He married July 1, 1827, and died August 6, 1870. Im (second) Mary (Roberts) Wingate, mediately after their marriage they mov widow of Samuel Wingate. ed to a new and comfortable house on a (III) Hezekiah Hayes, fifth son of Dea farm adjoining his old homestead. This con John and Tamsen (Wentworth- house was the successor of the original Chesley) Hayes, was born February 2, log garrison, and the farm, until their 1720, in Dover, New Hampshire, and set occupancy, had been occupied by three tled in Barrington, New Hampshire, generations of the Daniels family, to where he died, February 24, 1790. He whom it had been originally granted by entered the army August 7, 1778. He mar the English crown. Samuel D. Hayes died ried Margaret Cate. February 1, 1884, having outlived his wife (IV) Elihu Hayes, second son of Hez fourteen years. He and his wife were the ekiah and Margaret (Cate) Hayes, was parents of three children, the youngest born August 18, 1757, in Barrington, New of whom was Charles Woodman Hayes. Hampshire, where he was a farmer. He (VII) When Charles Woodman Hayes married, in Barrington, April 28, 1772, was a child of but two years of age he met Elizabeth Davis, daughter of Samuel Da with a thrilling experience. While out vis, and granddaughter of James Davis, in the pasture with his brother, he stray one of the earliest settlers of Madbury, ed off and was not seen after four o'clock New Hampshire. in the afternoon. All night the search for (V) Jonathan Hayes, eldest son of Eli him continued, and the next morning at hu and Elizabeth (Davis) Hayes, was eleven o'clock he was discovered mired bom April 25, 1774, and married Mary in a swamp a few rods from the Bellamy

75 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY river, about one and one-half miles from of Gilford, New Hampshire. The Weeks home. Mr. Hayes attended the public coat-of-arms, is as follows: schools, and then fitted for college at the military gymnasium at Pembroke, New Arms — Per chevron gules and sable, three an nulets or. Hampshire, and graduated from Dart Crest — A dexter hand grasping a scimitar prop mouth College Chandler Scientific Depart er. ment, in 1858. He taught school nearly ten years. While teaching in Eliot and Mr. and Mrs. Charles Woodman Hayes Baring, Maine, he took an active part in were the parents of four children, all religious matters, acting as leader of the daughters : 1. Nellie Marie, married Octo choir and superintendent of the Sunday ber 30, 1895, George E. Crosby. 2. Anna school. In 1866 he returned to Madbury to Lillian, married, June 19, 1901, Charles take care of his parents and cultivate Sumner Fuller, of Cambridge, Massachu the farm. He at once became actively in setts. 3. Cora Eunietta, died April 17, terested in the affairs of the town, espe 1879. 4- Clara Comfort. In the fall of cially educational and religious matters. 1898, Mr. and Mrs. Hayes and family He held the office of superintendent of the moved to Dover, New Hampshire, where school committee for a period of six years, Mrs. Hayes still resides, at No. 61 Bel and was a member of the school board knap street. eight years. In June, 1869, he canvassed There is a pretty tradition in connec the town for the establishment of a re tion with the Hayes coat-of-arms. In the ligious meeting and Sabbath school at reign of Kenneth III., of Scotland, A. D. Madbury town house. The people united 980, the Danes were pursuing the flying with the Congregational Society at Lee Scots from the field when a countryman Hill in the support of a minister. For ten and his two sons appeared in a narrow years services were held at Madbury, dur pass, brandishing an ox-yoke ; they ral ing which time Mr. Hayes filled the posi lied the fugitives and turned the course tion of leader of the choir, superintendent of battle. The king in reward for their of the Sabbath school and chairman of the valor gave to the countryman and his two financial committee. Since 1858 Mr. sons, afterward known as Hay, as much Hayes practiced engineering and land sur land on the River Tay as a falcon flying veying in Madbury and neighboring from a man's hand could cover prior to towns; he was a collector of taxes in settling down. This tract, six miles in 1872, and town treasurer for twenty-two length, was afterward called Errol. The years. stone on which the falcon lighted is still On November 8, 1866, Mr. Hayes mar pointed out in a little village called Hawk- ried Ellen Maria Weeks, a daughter of stone. For eight centuries the family of William and Mariah (Clark) Weeks. Mrs. Hay have borne "three escutcheons gules, Hayes was born April 29, 1843, at Straf with a broken ox-yoke as a part of the ford Corner, New Hampshire, William crest, two Danes in armor as their sup Weeks, her father, was born in 1812, and porters, and the motto Renovate ánimos." married, May 12, 1842, Mariah Clark, The Earls of Errol bear this motto, daughter of Hezekiah and Hannah (Ham) together with a falcon crest. In Scott's Clark. Mrs. Hayes is a granddaughter library at Abbotsford, among other of Elisha and Polly (Potter) Weeks, and coats-of-arms is that of Hayes, which a great-granddaughter of Daniel Weeks has a cross between four stars, the 76

)Betk еекв ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY falcon crest, and the motto Recte. The his charming personality a host of inti present English family of Hayes, of mates who repaid his fidelity in like kind. Arborfield, Berks, have the "three es The community at large has felt the cutcheons gules," and the falcon crest. wholesome and inspiring effect of his ex The following arms belong to the ample, and it will be long before its mem family herein under consideration : bers cease to miss those with whom he came in contact. Arms — Argent, three inescutcheons within a bordure nebulee gules. Crest — A hand proper holding an ox yoke or, bows gules. SOUTHWICK, George H., Motto — Renovate ánimos (Renew your cour age). Man of Enterprise. Charles Woodman Hayes was a man of The death of George H. Southwick, high ideals, to which he adhered with an which occurred in Beverly, Massachu unusual degree of faithfulness in the con setts, March 6, 191 1, not only brought to duct of his life, and might well be pointed a close a career of great and beneficial out as a model of good citizenship. In all usefulness, but also deprived that town of the relations of life he displayed those one who was universally regarded as a cardinal v: »s that have come to be as leading citizen, and whose name was hon sociated with in., best type of American ored throughout the entire community. character, an uncomprising idealism united The life of New England has developed with a most practical sense of worldly af many self-made and prosperous citizens, fairs. His success was of that quiet kind whose industry and close application which integrity and just dealing with brought to them success and won for one's fellow-men is sure to bring when them the confidence of their fellow-men. coupled with ability such as his, a suc Every city, great or small, owes much to cess of the permanent type which the its business men, especially to those years increase and render more secure whose sound judgment and far-sighted because it rests on the firm foundation sagacity control the future in dealing with of the trust and confidence of his com the present, and who, perceiving in ad munity. In his career as public servant vance the approach of emergencies, are he showed himself without any personal never found unprepared to meet them. ambition, and actuated with no desire To this class of men belonged George H. other than to further the advantage of Southwick, a man who was ever benefit the community, and to strengthen his ting his fellow-men, and seeking to leave party wherever that did not conflict with the world the better for his having been the public welfare. His private virtues in it. The man who achieves success were not less remarkable than his pub solely by well directed efforts of his own lic, and the deep affection with which natural abilities and strength of charac his family and intimate friends regarded ter is a type which has and always will him is the best tribute which can be paid appeal with peculiar force to all. Mr. to the strength and sincerity of his do Southwick was an example of this type, mestic instincts. He was the most devot and was generally beloved and justly ed of husbands and fathers, ever seek honored for his sterling worth, high ing the happiness of those about him, principle, and unswerving integrity. and the most faithful friend, winning by George H. Southwick was born in

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South Danvers, Massachusetts, June 14, Beverly, he was a member of the board 1821, at which place he attended the pub of trustees. Mr. Southwick was the own lic schools. After leaving school he er of much real estate in Beverly, owning learned the carpenter trade under Edward the building occupied by the Robertson Perkins, who at that time was a well Company on Abbott street, also consider known contractor in Salem. In 1862 Mr. able of the property on Cabot street be Southwick came to Beverly, Massachu tween the City Hall and Abbott street. setts, and engaged in business for him He also owned considerable tenement self, and soon became recognized as one property throughout the city. He was a of the leading contractors of that city. great reader of papers and magazines, and Upon coming to Beverly, Mr. Southwick he had made a very interesting scrap book took charge of the provision business of various clippings he had picked up which was established by E. Pousland, from time to time. Mr. Southwick was and which business in turn passed into very active for a man of his years, took a the control of Charles Moulton and son, keen interest in all the topics of the times, Benjamin Butman, Louis and Edward and was a very interesting conversation Southwick, and then to George H. South alist. He was the oldest of seven broth wick and Edward Southwick. This pro ers, and his death was the first in the vision store was the largest of its kind family for a period of twenty-seven years. in the city. Upon the retirement of Ed George H. Southwick was united in ward Southwick, George H. Southwick marriage with Adeline Cheever, a daugh conducted the business alone until 1881, ter of Captain Thomas Cheever, one of at which time he admitted his son, George the best known sea captains of Dan L. Southwick, as partner, the firm then vers. Captain Cheever made many voy becoming known as G. H. Southwick & ages to India and other foreign ports, and Son. This firm became one of the lead his granddaughter, Mrs. Rosamond H. ing concerns of its kind in this section Pearson, of Beverly, has in her posses of the State. During Mr. Southwick's sion a set of dishes among other things last year in the contracting business, he brought home by Captain Cheever from erected twenty-seven houses in various these voyages. Mrs. Adeline (Cheever) sections of the county. George H. Southwick lived to the ripe old age of Southwick took a keen interest in all mat eighty-eight years, dying at her home in ters pertaining to the civic betterment of Beverly, October 23, 1916, beloved by all Beverly and the surrounding community. who knew her. Mr. and Mrs. George He was for seven years overseer of the H. Southwick were the parents of two poor and did splendid work in that ca- children: George L., a prominent re capity, always having a kind word and a tired business man of Beverly, Massachu helping hand for those in need, but what setts, and Rosamond H., who became the ever he did for those in distress was done wife of Ira Brown Pearson. in a quiet, unostentatious manner. Mr. Ira Brown Pearson, a former business Southwick was very prominent in the man of Boston, Massachusetts, died in Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Beverly, Massachusetts, March 25, 1885, being often honored by Bass River at the age of thirty-three years. He was Lodge, of which he had long been an born in New York City, a son of Ira and enthusiastic member, and when the Georgianna (Shortney) Pearson. Being Odd Fellows' building was erected in left an orphan when a small child, Mr. 78

4*fr¿¿ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Pearson was raised by an aunt in Me- the sufferings of the sick. He passed thuen, Massachusetts, where he grew up away at the age of sixty-nine years, at his on a farm. As a youth he worked for L. home on County Road, Chelsea, Massa A. Smith, in his coal office in Salem, and chusetts, October 7, 1918, a man greatly later he was employed by Mr. Dean, a beloved and highly honored, not more for coal dealer in Boston. Mr. Pearson form his professional skill than for his manly ed a partnership with F. A. Marston, es qualities of heart and mind. In all the tablishing themselves in the coal business, world there is no man accorded a place so but death coming to Mr. Pearson at the near the heart of the people in general as age of thirty-three years cut short what the "doctor," and the death of the dis promised to be a successful career. Mr. tinguished gentleman whose name heads Pearson married, November 25, 1876, this memoir came as a severe blow to the Rosamond H., daughter of the late George community in general, in which he had H. and Adeline (Cheever) Southwick. resided for a period of forty-two years. Mrs. Pearson was born in Danvers, but A man of great sagacity, quick percep has lived in Beverly since a small child. tions, sound judgment, noble impulses, Mr. and Mrs. Pearson became the par and a remarkable force and determination ents of three children. Henry Southwick, of character, Dr. Chipman commanded married Grace Pickett; Mary E., wife of the respect and confidence of all who Arthur Trow Foster, and they are the knew him. It is unnecessary to add that parents of two children, Rosamond and as a physician he was held in the high Julia; Chester L. est estimation by his fellowmen, and the record of his daily life was filled with evidences of this fact. In all professions, CHIPMAN, William Reginald, but more especially the medical profes sion, there are exalted heights to which Physician, Professional Instructor. genius itself dares scarcely soar, and Nature seemed to have fitted the late which can only be gained after long years Dr. William R. Chipman, of Chelsea, of patient, arduous and unremitting toil, Massachusetts, for administration to the inflexible and unfaltering courage, and to sick, and his gentle manner and genial this proud eminence we may safely state sympathetic presence never failed to car that Dr. Chapman rose. He devoted his ry cheer and comfort wherever he went. entire life to his chosen profession, and Unflinchingly he responded to the exac was deservedly crowned with its choicest tions of an arduous calling, often when as rewards. much in need of rest and care as were Doctor William Reginald Chipman was those who sought his aid. He disregard born in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia, May 30, ed the prospect of compensation, for it 1849, a son of Hon. William Henry and was enough for him to know that there Sophia (Coggswell) Chipman, and was of was suffering which he might relieve. In both English and Irish descent. He both private and professional life, Dr. comes of a long line of professional folk, Chipman bore many burdens, seemingly medical and clerical, on both the maternal more than falls to the average lot of man and paternal side. His father was for sev kind, but he carried them with fortitude eral years a member of the Dominion and patience. The great and cruel wrongs Parliament for Ottawa, and was a gentle of human-kind grieved him no less than man of considerable literary culture, and

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highly esteemed by his contemporaries. den for some years. A genial man, with Dr. Chipman was a direct descendant of a great fund of humor at his command, "Mayflower" stock. and the life of any company in which he Dr. Chipman received his primary ed chanced to be, he was held in great re ucation in the public schools, and gradu spect by all who knew him. ated from King's College, Windsor, Nova Dr. Chipman married (first) Mrs. An Scotia, at the age of nineteen years, later nie Stocker Raddin, of Saugus, who died attended the Harvard Medical School, in 1906. He married (second) Ella M. from which he graduated with honors. Stewart, a native of Nova Scotia, but a After being in the United States Marine resident of Boston, at the time of her mar Service for about a year, he came to Chel riage. She is a daughter of Albert and sea in 1876. Dr. Chipman had been in Margaret (Clem) Stewart, both of whom continuous practice in Chelsea since 1876, were natives of Nova Scotia, but who with the exception of the time he spent later came to the United States. He is abroad, taking post-graduate courses in also survived by a stepson, Dr. F. S. Rad London, Paris and the University of din, two brothers, Ross Chipman, who Geneva, Switzerland. Within the last resides at Cornwallis, Nova Scotia, the few years Dr. Chipman went abroad, Mrs. other Dr. Henry Chipman, of Grand Pré/ Chipman accompanying him, and receiv Nova Scotia, who died a few months ed still further professional honors. He after our subject, and a sister, Elizabeth, had an extensive practice during his ac who is the wife of Rev. Dr. Robert Som- tive years, and in later years he was called erville, a Presbyterian clergyman of note in consultation to a great extent. His in New York City. wide knowledge and experience helped The funeral services of Dr. Chipman some of the younger members of the were held at St. Luke's Church, the Rev. medical corps of Chelsea over critical sit George A. Barrow, Ph.D., officiating. In uations, as he was always ready to give terment was in the family lot in the Sau his advice in a professional way when it gus cemetery. Commitment services were was sought. For nearly eleven years he conducted by Rev. Mr. Eaton, an old time held a professorship in the Boston Col friend of the doctor. Dr. Chipman had lege of Physicians and Surgeons, and was followed the trend of modern thought one of the founders of Tufts Medical through the medium of the leading med School, and was elected to the professor ical journals, and was held in the high ship of surgery at the time of the estab est esteem by his professional brethren. lishment of that school. He was a mem He was most unselfish in his devotion to ber of the Massachusetts Medical Socie his profession, allowing no call to go un ty, a member of the Chelsea Board of Al heeded if it were possible to meet it, even dermen for three years, and was at one when there was no likelihood of fee or time a candidate for mayor. He was a reward. Dr. Chipman was indeed a man member of the Star of Bethlehem Lodge who was honored and loved in his own Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and profession, and was ever ready to respond of the Knights Templar. He was also to the call for the exercise of his skill, and a member of Columbian Lodge, Indepen there can be no doubt that his cheery dent Order of Odd Fellows. Dr. Chip- smile and words of comfort and sympathy man was a valued member of St. Luke's were of as great value as the medicine Episcopal Church, and was senior war which he administered to his patients. It 80 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

may truly be said of this eminent phy 3. Gal f red de Malebisse, who in 1142 willed all sician, "in him the world has lost a true his lands to God, Madame St. Mary, and the friend." Monastery of Newbo, and became the first Prior. (II) Sir Hugo de Malebisse, son of Sir Hugh de Malebisse, was living in 1139; his will was proven in the third year of BECKWITH, William Leprilete, the reign of King Stephen. He married Représentative Citizen. (first) Emma, daughter of William de A more honorable antiquity than that Percy and Adalaid de Tonbridge. By his of the Beckwiths is vouchsaved to few second marriage to Maude, daughter of American families. Mathew Beckwith, Knyveton of Knyveton, he became Lord the founder of the family in America, was of Knyveton. an Englishman of established family and (III) Sir Simon de Malebisse, son of Sir position, the descendant of a long and no Hugo de Malebisse, married the daughter table line of forbears. The Beckwiths of John, Lord of Methley. He was Lord date from the time of the Norman Con of Cowton in Craven. quest in England, and are for the greater (IV) Sir Hercules de Malebisse, son of part, except where the name has been tak Sir Simon de Malebisse, married, in 1226, en by adoption, descendants of the valiant Lady Dame Beckwith Bruce, daughter of Sir Hugh de Malebisse, who accompan Sir William Bruce, Lord of Uglebarby, ied William the Conqueror from Nor which lordship and other lands he had in mandy to England. The pedigree of the herited from his ancestor, Sir Robert American Beckwiths, in the line of the Bruce, of Skelton Castle, the progenitor late William Clark and William Leprilete of the Royal Bruces of Scotland. It is Beckwith, extending from the year 1066 from this marriage that the surname of to the present day, covers a period of Beckwith was derived. Lady Beckwith twenty-five generations. The family, Bruce possessed by inheritance an estate though a comparatively small one, has or manor of land, called "Beckwith," played a prominent part in American af in the old Anglo-Saxon "Beckworth ;" the fairs, and many of its sons have attained name is derived from "Beck," a brook, note in professional and business life. and "Worth," an estate. With a view ev idently to the perpetuation of the name Arms — Argent a chevron between three hinds' Sir Hercules de Malebisse was required heads erased gules. by the marriage contract, dated 1226, to Crest — An antelope proper, in the mouth a assume the surname of Beckwith. Sir branch vert Motto — Jouir en bien. Hercules was Lord of Cowton in Craven, inheriting this title and estate from his (I) Sir Hugh de Malebisse, founder of great-grandfather, Sir Hugh the Norman, the house, according to the Domesday Lord of Clint. Book, "held lands, time of William the (V) Sir Hercules (2) de Malebisse, son Conqueror." He was born in Normandy, of Sir Hercules (1) de Malebisse, succeed and accompanied William to England in ed to the estates of his father. He married 1066, taking part in the battle of Hast a daughter of Sir John Ferrars, of Tarn- ings. He had three sons: worth Castle, who by marriage into the 1. Richard de Malebisse, who was a witness to house of Marmion inherited by tenure of the charter of Albert de Rain ville. the Castle of Tamworth the office of 2. Hugo de Malebisse, mentioned below. Champion of England. 81 A.B.-6-6 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(VI) Nicholas Beckwith de Clint, son Peter Mawlam, Lord of de Luke, Lord Chamber of Sir Hercules (2) de Malebisse, married lain to our Sovereing Lord, King Edward 3rd, and Henry Lord Percy, Sir Robert Boynton, Knt, the daughter of Sir John Chaworth. and Sir William Acton, did see and allow it in (VII) Hamon Beckwith, son of Nich proof, and the said coat to be his own lineally de olas Beckwith de Clint, took upon him scended, whereof we have our hands and seals, self in 1339 the coat-of-arms of John Lord to the aforesaid teste, the day and year above de Malebisse, in proof of his descent pre written, in the presence of many. senting to the Earl Marshal of England Hamon Beckwith was seized of the the marriage contract of his great-grand Lordships of Clint and Uglebarby, and father, Sir Hercules de Malebisse, to the the manors of Beckwith and Beckwith- Lady Beckwith Bruce. The decision of shaw. the Earl Marshal, dated 1339, is an in (VIII) William Beckwith, son of Sir teresting document not only in point of Hamon Beckwith, was seized of the man its bearing on the early history of the ors of Beckwith and Beckwithshaw.in the family, but in point of antiquity, insight thirty-eighth year of the reign of King into legal procedure of the times, etc. It Edward III. He married a daughter is extant in the Herald's Office, London, of Sir Girard Urfleet, Knight of Wighill, England. The document reads as fol in County York, who commanded a lows: Knight's retinue at the battle of Agin- Be it known to all Nobles, where this present court in France. writing shall come, be seen, or heard ; whereas (IX) Thomas Beckwith, son of Wil Hamon Beckwith, son and heir of Nicholas Beck liam Beckwith, was of the Manor of Clint, with, was named by the Earl Marshall of Eng to which he succeeded his father, in the land, by a process that was dated from the afore said Marshalls Manor of Reayssing Castle, in fourth year of the reign of Richard the the County of Norfolk, Jan. 18th, the year of our Second. He held the manors of Magna Lord, 1339. That the said Hamon Beckwith Otringer and Huxley near Thursk, and should usurp and take unto him a coat of arms, married the daughter of John Sawley, of which was appertaining unto John Lord de Male Saxton. bisse, for which better use by virtue of this pro cess, we charge you, that you will appear at the (X) Adam Beckwith, son of Thomas new Mansion House of Saymore, before us and Beckwith, succeeded to the Manor of bring with you all such evidence and records of Clint ; he married Elizabeth de Malebisse, arms, that we may allow, grant, and set our hands reuniting the two branches of the de to your teste and posterity forever, and also that Malebisse family after a separation of your appearance will be the 14th day of October, next coming, in the aforesaid year above written. over three hundred years. And the said Orator did appear at the said day (XI) Sir William (2) Beckwith, eldest appointed, and did bring with him such evidence, son of Adam Beckwith, married a daugh whereof one piece dated from the 10th year of ter of Sir John Baskerville. The Bask- Henry the 3rd, which was in the year of our ervilles, one of the most noted of the an Lord 1226, from one Hercules de Malbie, the son of Simon de Malbie, Knight, who married the cient houses of England, are lineally de Lady Dame Beckwith Bruce, one of the daugh scended from Charlemagne, Emperor of ters of Sir William Bruce, Lord of Uglebarby, the West, and Hugh Capet, founder of and certain others lands in Pickering, that the the Capetian dynasty in France. said Hercules de Malbie should change his name, (XII) Thomas (2) Beckwith, of Clint, or else his coat, and his posterity forever ; and so it was that the said Hercules de Malbie changed son of Sir William (2) Beckwith, succeed his name from de Malbie to Beckwith, and did ed his father, and by marriage with the hold his coat, whereof I the said Earl Marshall daughter and co-heiress of William Has 82 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY lerton, became Lord of the manors of Fily, cut, residing for a short time at Saybrook Muston and Thorpe, which his wife had Point, whither he removed to Branford, inherited from Havisia, the daughter and where we find record of him in 1638. He co-heiress of Ralph de Neville. Thomas was among the first settlers of Hartford, Beckwith, of Clint, died in the tenth year in 1642, and was of Lynn, in 1651. Here of the reign of Henry VII. he purchased large tracts of land on the (XIII) John Beckwith, son of Thomas Niantic river, and was left a legacy by (2) Beckwith, of Clint, married the Captain Lyrado. His property holdings daughter of Thomas Radcliff, of Mul- weer very extensive, part laying in Lyme grave. and part in New London. That he was a (XIV) Robert Beckwith, of Brox- man of wealth and position is evident from holme, was the son of John Beckwith, and the fact that the first vessel launched from succeeded his father in the eighth year of the harbor at New London, the barque the reign of Edward IV. "Endeavor," was built especially for him (XV) John (2) Beckwith, son of Rob by Mould & Art, ship builders. The "En ert Beckwith, of Broxholme, succeeded deavor" subsequently traded with the to his father's lands and estates, and the Barbadoes, where she was sold in 1666 for manors of Clint and Thorpe. a cargo of sugar. Mathew Beckwith was (XVI) Robert (2) Beckwith, son of one of the most successful and prominent John (2) Beckwith, inherited the man of the early planters of New London and ors of Clint and Thorpe. His will, dated the surrounding country, and like men of October 16, 1536, was proved March 24, this class in the Colonial period carried of the following year. He married Jen on an extensive trade with the Barbadoes net . and West Indies. He was the owner of (XVII) Marmaduke Beckwith, son of many vessels which, however, he never Robert (2) Beckwith, held the manors of sailed, but placed in the care of competent Dacre and Clint. In 1597 he sold the mariners. He died December 13, 1681, Manor of the Clint, which had been in the and "His death being sudden, and being family from the year 1226, and purchased the result of an accident, a jury was sum the manors of Featherstone and Acton, in moned, who gave their verdict, but he Yorkshire. He married (first) Anne, came to his death by mistaking his way daughter of Dynley of Bramhope, and of a dark night and falling from a cliff of they were the parents of eleven children. rocks." Mathew Beckwith left an estate He married (second) Ellen, widow of valued at ¿393, and was survived by his William Style, of Haddockon, County widow, Elizabeth Beckwith. They were York. the parents of seven children, of whom (The Beckwiths of New England). Mathew, mentioned below, was the eldest. (I) Mathew Beckwith, immigrant an (II) Mathew (2) Beckwith, son of cestor and founder of the family in New Mathew (1) and Elizabeth Beckwith, was England, and the progenitor of the great possibly born at Saybrook, Connecticut. est number of the Beckwiths in America, He is first of record in Waterford, where was born in Ponteferact, Yorkshire, Eng he became a freeman in 1658. He subse land, about 1610. All evidence points to quently resided in Guilford, where he was the fact that he was a son of Marmaduke one of the founders of the church. Mathew Beckwith. He emigrated to New Eng Beckwith ; (second) married Elizabeth, (first) daughter Elizabeth of land in 1635, and settled first in Connecti 83 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Mathew Griswold, of Lyme, Connecticut, (Clark) Beckwith, died October 7, 1868, who was the widow successively of John in Providence. He studied for the med Rogers, founder of the sect sometimes ical profession, and practiced in New known as the "Rogerine Quakers," and York State, in the city of Rochester, from Peter Pratt.who died March 24, 1685. She 1851 to 1855. In the latter year he came married, in 1689, Mathew Beckwith. He to Providence, Rhode Island, where he died in New London, Connecticut, June established himself in practice, and be 4, 1727- came one of the leading physicians of the (HI) Jonah Beckwith, son of Mathew city. He married Jane Leprilete Miller, (2) and Elizabeth Beckwith, was born at daughter of Dr. Lewis Leprilete Miller, New London, Connecticut, December 27, one of the leading physicians and sur 1673. Early in life he removed to Lyme, geons of Providence, and at one time Connecticut, where he was a prominent president of the Rhode Island Medical figure in the affairs of the Congregational Society. Mrs. Beckwith died February church all his life, serving as deacon. Jo 10, 1889. nah Beckwith married Rebecca , (VIII) William Leprilete Beckwith, July 12, 1701. She was born in Lyme. He son of Dr. William Clark and Jane was a prosperous and highly-respected Leprilete (Miller) Beckwith, was born in member of the early community. Providence, Rhode Island, June 8, 1850, (IV) Benjamin Beckwith, son of Jonah and died at Warwick Neck, Rhode Is and Rebecca Beckwith, was born at land, August 21, 1888. He married Emily Lyme, Connecticut, October 18, 1706. Matilda Jones, who died July 1, 1887. He was a life-long resident of the town. They were the parents of one child, Lo- (V) Benjamin (2) Beckwith, son of rania Carrington, mentioned below. Benjamin (1) Beckwith, was born in (IX) Lorania Carrington Beckwith, Lyme, Connecticut. He was at one time only daughter of William Leprilete and a resident of Hartford, Connecticut, where Emily Matilda (Jones) Beckwith, was his son, Alonzo S., was born. born in Providence, Rhode Island, April (VI) Alonzo S. Beckwith, son of Ben 5, 1887. Miss Beckwith resides in Prov jamin (2) Beckwith, was born in Hart idence and is well-known in the social ford, Connecticut. Shortly after his mar circles of the city. riage he removed to Providence, Rhode Island, where he established himself in business. He later returned to Hartford, ROOT, Edward T., however, and there rose to considerable Enterprising Citizen, Civil War Veteran. prominence in business life. He married Laura Moseley Clark, of Hartford, Con Little is known concerning the origin of necticut. They were the parents of the fol the surname Root. Charles Wareing lowing children : 1. William Clark, men Bardsley, M. A., in his "Dictionary of tioned below. 2. Laura С 3. Charles. 4. English and Welsh Surnames," advances Henry Clark, died in August, 1882; mar the opinion that the name is of baptizmal ried Clara Brownell, niece of Bishop origin, signifying literally "the son of Brownell, of Hartford, Connecticut. 5. Root;" he derives his theory from the Charlotte G., married Daniel R. Crouse, fact that no prefix denoting a local deriv of Utica, New York. ation appears in the early entries of the (VII) William Clark Beckwith, M. D., name. son of Alonzo S. and Laura Moseley The Connecticut family of the name 84 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY traces descent from John Roote, through Edward T. Root was educated in the his sons, Thomas and John Roote, all of public schools of Waterbury, and at the whom were among the pioneer settlers of age of sixteen years discontinued his the Connecticut Colony. John Roote, studies. In 1856 he secured a position as immigrant ancestor and progenitor, was a clerk in the postoffice, under Elisha Leav native of Badby parish, Northampton enworth, where he remained for about a shire, England, whence he emigrated to year. In 1859 he entered the employ of the New England Colonies about 1636. the firm of Hall & Smith, insurance brok He was one of the pioneer settlers of ers, and thus began his long connection Farmington, Connecticut. His descen with the business in which he later rose dants, though not numerous, have figured to a position of leadership in Waterbury. prominently in the life and affairs of In August, 1862, in response to a call for Hartford county for two hundred and volunteers to defend the cause of the fifty years. The late Edward T. Root, Union, he enlisted as a private in Com late senior member of the firm of Root & pany A, Twenty-third Connecticut Volun Boyd, and a well known business man of teer Infantry, under General Banks. On Waterbury^ Connecticut, was a member the expiration of his term of enlistment of the Southington branch of the family, he returned to Waterbury and took up his and a lineal descendant of John Roote, the old position with J. W. Smith, who fol founder. lowing the retirement of his partner in Edward T. Root was born in Water- 1863 had carried on the business under bury, February 12, 1840, son of George his own name. Mr. Root rapidly became and Temperance (Bronson) Root, and a factor of importance in the business, grandson of Reuben Root. The latter and in 1878 was admitted to partnership, was a native of Southington, and during the firm name becoming Smith & Root. the American Revolution was employed Business was carried on successfully un in New York City as a ship's carpenter; der this name until 1891, when Mr. Smith he made his home in New York, where retired from active participation in busi he died. He married Hannah George, ness affairs. The firm name was retain and they were the parents of George ed, however, until June 15, 1895, when Root, who was born in New York City, in Mr. Root admitted George E. Boyd to 1796. George Root was educated in the partnership. As senior partner of the firm schools of New York, afterwards learning of Root & Boyd, Mr. Root filled a con the cabinet making trade. Shortly after spicuous and important place in the in attaining his majority he removed to Wa- surance world of Waterbury; the firm terbury, where he engaged successfully in transacted an extensive business, writing cabinet making and ship carpentering insurance of every description. Mr. Root throughout his life. He married Temper was an able business man, a keen execu ance Bronson, daughter of Samuel Bron tive and organizer, and he was widely son, and a member of the well known known and eminently respected in busi Bronson family of Waterbury; Samuel ness circles for the fairness and integrity Bronson was a member of the Continental of all his dealings. army in the American Revolution. Mr. Root was active in public life in George Root was an old-line Whig, but Waterbury for many years. He was a allied himself with the Republicans on the member of the Board of Assessors, and formation of the new party. In religious for two terms a member of the Common faith he was a Congregationalism Council. In January, 1887, he was elect 85 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ed to the Connecticut State Legislature of the years 1852-55, which he spent in on the Republican ticket. He was a prom Eagle Harbor, Michigan, as superinten- inent figure in club and fraternal circles in , dent of the mines of the Lake Superior Waterbury. He had attained the thirty- region. On his return to Waterbury he second degree in the Masonic Order, and established himself as the first resident was also prominent in the Independent dentist, and practiced successfully for Order of Odd Fellows, serving on the several years. At the outbreak of the building fund committee of the former, on Civil War he withdrew from practice and the Building Association of the latter. Mr. entered manufacturing fields, possessing Root was a member of the board of gov marked inventive genius. During the ernors of the Waterbury Club. In re winter of 1830-31 he constructed the first ligious faith he was an Episcopalian, and locomotive ever seen in New England. It for many years he was clerk of Trinity was designed to illustrate the practicabil parish. His death on October 6, 1910, ity of travel by railroad and was large removed from Waterbury a man who had enough to carry two passengers at a time long been a vital figure in many depart around a hall on a circular track. Dr. ments of the life of the city. The public Blake's inventions numbered nineteen, press said of him : "He disappears from and all were covered by patents. Dur Waterbury's life, where he has filled for ing the Civil War he was superintendent many years a substantial position, while of the American Flask and Cap Company, yet he was a power and influence for which in one year delivered one hundred good citizenship in many forms." tons of percussion caps to the United On June 3, 1868, Mr. Root married States government. In 1865, in partner (first) Julia M. Rogers, daughter of Isaac ship with Henry R. Chambers and Wil Rogers, of Chester, Vermont; she died liam Lamb, he organized the firm of in 1886, leaving an only son, Frederick his day. He was born in Brookfield, Ver- H., who died on January 29, 1895. Mr. Blake, Lamb & Company, for the man Root married (second) on May 10, 1888, ufacture of articles which he had patent Caroline W. Blake, daughter of Dr. Amos ed. The business was incorporated in Shepard Blake. Dr. Amos Shepard Blake 1867, with a capital stock of nine thou was the first resident dentist of Water sand dollars, with Dr. Blake as the first bury, as well as a noted inventor and president, and he continued as executive one of the foremost citizens of the city in head of the firm until 1883. day. He was born in Brookfield, Ver While in Vermont, Dr. Blake served for mont, January 18, 1812, son of Joseph and a number of years as one of the judges Prudence (Shepard) Blake, and was edu of jail delivery, under the old law which cated at the Southmade Academy and at authorized imprisonment for debt. He Scott's Military School at Montpelier. He was prominent in public affairs in Wa then took up the study of dentistry under terbury during the entire period of his his brother, Dr. E. W. Blake, and prac residence in the city. In 1846 he was ticed his profession successfully at Al- one of the selectmen of the town, and sub stead, New Hampshire, and Montpelier sequently filled the office of councilman, and Chelsea, Vermont, before removing alderman, assessor and road commission to Connecticut. In 1844 he came to Wa er. In 1869, 1874 and 1875 he represented terbury, which was his home thencefor the town in the Connecticut State Legis ward until his death, with the exception lature. During his stay in Michigan he 86 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was a county commissioner. He was one two and a half centuries the home of the of the promoters of the Riverside Ceme forebears of Hon. Charles Hull Clarke, tery, and was active in raising the money well known manufacturer and public man by subscription for the purchase of the of Hartford county, harbored six or more cemetery site. He was also a member immigrants of the name in the early dec of the committee which named Water- ades of its history. The Clark immi bury's streets, and was influential in hav grants were for the most part men of su ing the names officially adopted. Dr. perior mentality and attainments and Blake stands out with marked prominence their traits are evident today in their des among the business and public men of cendants, many of whom have gained Waterbury in the third quarter of the great prominence in professional and in nineteenth century. He died in Water- tellectual fields. bury, February 18, 1895. The surname has an origin of great an He married in Chelsea, Vermont, Eliza tiquity and interest, taking its source from Cordelia Woodward, daughter of Henry the office of clerk, i. е., clergyman, a clerk Woodward, of Chelsea; she died Febru in holy orders. In medieval English ec ary 25, 1895. Dr. and Mrs. Blake were clesiastical law, a clerk was any one who the parents of two children: 1. Ellen Cor had been admitted to the ecclesiastical delia, who became the wife of John A. state, and had taken the tonsure. With Hitchcock, of Liverpool, England, now time the word also developed another deceased; Mrs. Hitchcock now resides sense. In the Middle Ages the pursuit of with her sister, Mrs. Root, in Water- letters and general learning was confined bury; her daughter, Helen, became the to the clergy, and as they were practically wife of Ernst Hannay, and resided in the only persons who could read and London. 2. Caroline Woodward, became write, all notarial and secretarial work was the wife of the late Edward T. Root. Mrs. discharged by them, so that eventually Root survives her husband and makes her the word came to be used with special ref home on Tower road, in Waterbury. She erence to secretaries, notaries, account is well known and highly respected in the ants or even mere penmen. Thus it will conservative social circles of the city, and be seen that when the adoption of sur is a member of Trinity Episcopal Church names became more common, and the and of the Woman's Club. taking of a name from one's calling or oc cupation became frequent, the class of men who adopted the surname Clark or CLARK, Charles Hull, Clarke were men of learning, scholars, students, and intellectuals, who transmit Man of Affaira, Legislator. ted a rich heritage to their progeny. The There is no name more numerously accepted English pronunciation, with the represented in the pioneer settlement of broad "a" regardless of spelling, is found New England than this. The many fam in the South of England as early as the ilies bearing it render distinctions some fifteenth century. what confusing and uncertain, except in (I) James Clark, immigrant ancestor, a few clearly defined and prominent founder of the family of which Hon. branches. The name appears at a very Charles H. Clark is a member, was a na early date in several New England col tive of England. The exact date of his onies. Connecticut alone, for more than coming to America is not known. He 87 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was, however, one of the first settlers of the South End District. In connection New Haven, Connecticut, and was one of with his teaching, Mr. Clark also engaged the company, consisting of Governor Eat successfully in farming in Southington. on and others, who met in Mr. Newman's During the seasons of 1826 and 1827, and barn to frame the civil compact. On Oc again when the canal was being con tober 17, 1661, he married (second) Ann structed around Enfield Falls, he was Wakefield, widow of John Wakefield ; the commissary at Suffield. In 1819 he united name of his first wife, the mother of all with the First Congregational Church of his children, is not known. Before 1669 Southington, and in 1834 was elected dea he removed to Stratford, where he died. con, which office he held until 1865. He (II) Ebenezer Clark, son of James was also superintendent of the Sunday Clark, was born in New Haven, Connec school for many years, and throughout ticut, November 29, 1651. He settled in his long residence in Southington was an Wallingford, and became the founder of honored and influential figure in its life. one of the most prominent of the Hart Theodosius Clark died July 27, 1865. On ford county branches of the family. On October 26, 1816, he married Chloe Clark, May 6, 1678, he married Sarah, daughter who died April 5, 1848; she was a daugh of James Peck. ter of Seth and Chloe (Bailey) Clark, and (III) Stephen Clark, son of Ebenezer belonged to a branch of the Clark family and Sarah (Peck) Clark, was born in prominent in and around Southington for Wallingford, December 7, 1696. He was several generations. a prosperous landowner and farmer there (VI) Hon. Charles Hull Clark, son of all his life. He married Lydia (or Ruth) Theodosius and Chloe (Clark) Clark, was Hotchkiss, and died November 1, 1770. born in Southington, October 23, 1832. (IV) Amasa Clark, son of Stephen and He received his early education in the Lydia (Hotchkiss) Clark, was born in schools of Southington, and later attend Wallingford, November 25, 1753. He set ed the Lewis Academy. In 1852 he entered tled in Cheshire and engaged in agricul the nut and bolt factory of his brother tural pursuits there all his life. On De to learn the business at the munificent cember 28, 1785, he married Lydia Hull, wage of ten cents an hour. In 1853, on daughter of Deacon Zephaniah Hull, of attaining his majority, he was admitted Cheshire. He died December 30, 1833. to partnership. In 1854, with his two (V) Thedosius Clark, son of Amasa elder brothers, under the firm name of and Lydia (Hull) Clark, was born in W. J. Clark & Company, he embarked in Cheshire, Connecticut, October 22, 1788, the manufacture of bolts and carriage and grew to young manhood on his fath hardware. The venture proved highly er's farm. At the age of eighteen years successful, and Mr. Clark was active in its he commenced teaching in a district management until 1862, when he put school in his native town, and in 1810 aside all business interests to answer the came to Southington to teach in the call for volunteers to defend the cause of Plantsville District. In 181 1 and 1812 he the Union. On August 5, 1862, he enlist taught at what is now Plainville, and in ed in Company E, Twentieth Regiment, Farmington in 1813 and 1814, while for Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, and was several years following he taught in the made quartermaster-sergeant of the regi district schools in the southern part of ment. In 1863 he was made a member Southington. In 1824 he was a teacher in of the staff of Colonel James Wood, com 88 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY manding the Third Brigade, Third Divi charter for the road. The ultimate suc sion, Twentieth Army Corps, before cess of the venture was due not only Atlanta. In this connection he took to his unceasing efforts in the beginning part in one of the most stirring of but to his wise management of the organ the southern campaigns, and foraged ization as its president, which office he has the territory in Tennessee over which filled since 1912. With his own hand, Mr. his father had travelled forty years Clark drove in the spade which brought before introducing clocks and Yankee in out the "first spoonful" of earth, and ini ventions. In 1864 he was mustered out tiated the work on the new roadbed. Mr. of the service. On his return to civil life, Clark has long been an influential figure Mr. Clark resumed his connection with in financial circles in Southington. He W. J. Clark & Company in Southington, was one of the founders of the Southing and once again became active in the man ton National Bank, a member of its first agement of the business as superinten board of directors and president from dent of the plant. On the retirement of 1882. He is now president of the South the senior member of the firm in 1871, the ington Trust Company, and a member of name was changed to Clark Brothers Bolt the board of directors of the Southington Company. In 1882 Mr. Clark retired Savings Bank. Mr. Clark has been ac from active participation in the affairs of tive in Grand Army circles for many the concern, although he still retains his years, and is a member of Trumbull Post, interest in the business. No. 16, Department of Connecticut, of From early manhood, Mr. Clark took which he was commander for several deep interest in public affairs, and for years. He is also a member of the Inde nearly half a century he has been a vital pendent Order of Odd Fellows. His po figure in the public life of Southington. litical affiliation is with the Republican The welfare of Southington, its develop party. In religious faith he is a Congre ment and growth along all lines, have al gationalism and a member of the Plants- ways been close to his heart. In 1895 he ville Congregational Church. was elected to represent the town in the On August 21, 1862, Mr. Clark married Connecticut State Legislature. During Mary E. Dickerman, daughter of Samuel his first term he was made a member of and Rebecca (Gale) Dickerman, of Guil the committee on manufactures. In 1899 ford, Connecticut. Mrs. Clark died Oc he again accepted the nomination of his tober 8, 1918. Hon. Charles Hull Clark party and was returned to the Legisla still resides in Southington, a beloved and ture, serving during this term and his still vital figure for good in the life of third term on the committee on manufac the town. tures. In 191 5 he was reelected and serv ed for another year, during which time he rendered valuable service to his native PLUMB, Wheaton Solomon, town; he was also a valued member of Business Man, Public Official. the committee on banks. Mr. Clark was one of the principal factors in the organ The origin of the surname Plumb izing of the Green Line Electric Rail (Plume, Plumbe and its other variations) road from Waterbury to Milldale in 1912, is lost in antiquity. It is one of the oldest and for twelve years prior to that date of English surnames. The American had worked indefatiguably to secure the Plumbs descend from the English family 89 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of County Essex. The name of Robertus remained there only three years. In 1639 Plumme appears on the Great Roll of he was one of the first settlers of Milford, Normandy, A. D. 1180. John Plume was where he resided during the remainder of in Hertfordshire in 1240, and in 1274 the his life. On January 9, 1642, he married surname is found in Somersetshire, Cam at Milford, Mary Baldwin, daughter of bridge and Norfolk. The branch of the Sylvester Baldwin ; she died there, Feb Connecticut family herein under consid ruary 1, 1707-08. Robert Plumb died May eration, of which the late Wheaton S. 12, 1655, and his widow married (second) Plumb, well known business man and March 16, 1676, William East. prominent citizen of Southington, was a (VI) John (3) Plumb, son of Robert member, traces an authentic pedigree to (3) and Mary (Baldwin) Plumb, was John Plumb, or Plumbe, of Toppesfield, born at Milford, Connecticut, August 12, County Essex, England, born about 1505; 1646. He also settled at Milford. In 1719 his descendant, John Plumb, of Wethers- and 1722 he deeded land to his only sur field, was the immigrant and progenitor viving son, Joseph, and provided that it of a widely dispersed line. should be entailed, according to the laws (I) John Plumb, of Toppesfield, Coun of England. He made a similar deed to ty Essex, England, was born about 1505. his grandson, John, son of deceased son, He married Elizabeth , and among John, in 1723. John Plumb owned a con their children was Robert, mentioned be siderable estate in Milford and the vicin low. ity, the greater part of which he left en (II) Robert Plumb, son of John and tailed in his deeds to his sons. On No Elizabeth Plumb, was of Toppesfield. He vember 24, 1668, he married Elizabeth married Elizabeth Pureas. Norton. His son Joseph administered (III) Robert (2) Plumb, son of Rob the estate, April 10, 1728. ert (1) and Elizabeth (Pureas) Plumb, (VII) Joseph Plumb, son of John (3) married Grace Crackbone. and Elizabeth (Norton) Plumb, was born (IV) John (2) Plumb, son of Robert in Milford, Connecticut, in 1683. He and (2) and Grace (Crackbone) Plumb, was his wife joined the church, June 8, 1718. born in County Essex, England, July 28, He lived for a time at Wallingford, 1594, and in 1634 was seated in Ridgewell where the birth of his children Lois and Hall. The exact date of his coming to Thankful is recorded. He returned to America is not known, but as early as Milford in later life, however, and was a 1636 his name appears on the Colonial prominent and respected citizen there un records of the town of Wethersfield, in til his death. On December 5, 1709, he the Connecticut Colony. In 1637 he rep married (first) Elizabeth Bailey, who died resented the town in the General Court, November 17, 1726; he married (second) and at different times filled important Thankful Gay lord, who married (second) public offices. In 1644 he removed to Hezekiah Rue. Branford, where he died in 1648. He (VIII) Simeon Plumb, son of Joseph married Dorothy , and among their and Thankful (Gaylord) Plumb, was children was Robert, mentioned below. born at Milford, Connecticut, October 10, (V) Robert (3) Plumb, son of John 1738. He settled at Wolcott, Connecti (2) and Dorothy Plumb, was born in cut, where he died in 1813. In 1762 he County Essex, England, and baptized at married Mary Atkins. They were the Ridgewell, December 30, 1617. He ac parents of Solomon, mentioned below. companied his father to Wethersfield, but (IX) Solomon Plumb, son of Simeon 90 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and Mary (Atkins) Plumb, was born at His connection with Southington, Wolcott, Connecticut, in 1769. He was a which was his home during the latter part prosperous farmer of Wolcott all his life. of his life, dated from 1868. In April of On January 28, 1790, he married Lucre- that year, Mr. Plumb accepted the posi tia Scarritt. tion of superintendent of the Southington (X) Willard Plumb, son of Solomon Cutlery Company's knife department, and and Lucretia (Scarritt) Plumb, was born was prominently identified with the man in Wolcott, July 29, 1796, and was a farm agement of this business until 1894, when er there all his life. On January 1, 1822, he retired from active business life. Mr. he married Polly Hall, daughter of He- Plumb was prominent in business circles, man and Lydia (Hitchcock) Hall, and and did not restrict his activities solely they were the parents of Wheaton Solo to the above line of work. He was a man mon, mentioned below. of shrewd business judgment, alert to (XI) Wheaton Solomon Plumb, son of every changing phase in the business Willard and Polly (Hall) Plumb, was world, conservative yet thoroughly born in Wolcott, Connecticut, January 23, abreast of the times. His co-operation in 1829. He was educated in the local schools, matters of public interest was constantly but at an early age discontinued his stu sought, and every movement which had dies. He learned the trade of clock mak for its end the advancement of civic wel ing during his boyhood with Seth Thom fare found his ready support. He was a as at Thomaston. Later he went to Wa- stockholder of the Southington Cutlery terville, where he learned the machinist's Company, the Atwater Manufacturing trade with the Waterville Knife Com Company, the Blakeslee Forging Com pany, the original knife makers of that pany, and the Southington Water Com place. He succeeded in amassing $7,000 pany. From 1884 until his death he was in capital by the time he was twenty president of the Southington Savings years of age, a feat which is conclusive Bank. He was president of the Southing evidence not only of his ability as a busi ton Lumber and Feed Company from the ness man, but of his indomitable courage time of its formation in 1870 until his and untiring perseverance. In 1849 ne demise. He stood very high in the re entered into partnership with the Co-oper gard of the community and an evidence ative Knife Company, at Unionville, in of this is the fact that he was often called vesting all his capital in the venture. The upon to act as administrator for import business failed, and he was forced to ant estates which were settled in the Pro commence at the beginning again. For bate Court. In political affiliation he was five years he was connected with a cut a member of the Republican party, and lery concern in Meriden. On the out for ten years prior to his death was as break of the Civil War he entered the em sessor. He was also the first selectman of ploy of the Springfield Armory. Later he Southington. Few of his contemporaries was employed in the Meriden Tool Com filled so honored and influential a place pany's shop, where he worked under Mr. in the life of Southington, and his death Beach, inventor of the now famous Beach was sincerely mourned. He had been a chuck. When Mr. Beach disposed of his man of broad vision, tolerant and liberal interests to the Morse Twist Drill & Ma in his views, unrestricted by the bounds chine Company, of New Bedford, Mr. of denominationalism, and had possessed Plumb was engaged in the capacity of ex the gift of reaching the better nature of pert, to start the business in that city. all with whom he came in contact. Conse

91 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY quently his friends were legion, and he March 23, 1647, f°r twenty-four morgens was a vital factor for good in the com of land on Manhattan Island. He next munity in which he lived. occupied a farm on the Dutch Kills, New On October io, 1853, Mr. Plumb mar town, Queens county, Long Island, grant ried Maria A. Douglass, daughter of ed him on the same date," and which in Nicholas G. and Elizabeth (Cowing) cluded what was afterwards known as the Douglass, of Warren, Rhode Island. They John Van Alst estate. He apparently did were the parents of two children: 1. Eva not remove to Kings county, where his M., wife of Homer W. Terry, both deceas son, Jan Jansen Van Ditmarsen, settled. ed. 2. Willard W., deceased ; he suc His death occurred prior to 1650. Jan. ceeded his father as manager of the Jansen Ditmarschen married Aeltje, or Southington Cutlery Company's plant ; he Neeltje, Douwes, or Douwensen, and his also engaged in farming in Southington, widow remarried in the same year in and was the owner of two farms ; he mar which he died. They were the parents ried Anna Eldredge, and they were the of the following children : Jan Jansen parents of two sons, who died young, and Van Ditmarsen, mentioned below ; two daughters: Lulu, wife of Roy C. Douwe, or Dow, Jansen; and Raynier Mellen, of Westfield, Massachusetts; Jansen, who married Lysbeth Van Rare- Cora, wife of Frederick G. Lockwood, of stein. Bridgeport, and mother of Graydon F. (II) Jan Jansen Van Ditmarsen, eldest Lockwood. Mrs. Plumb survives her son of the common ancestor, Jan Jansen husband and resides at No. 181 South and Aeltje (Douwes) Van Ditmarschen, Main street, Southington, which has been was born, probably on Manhattan Island, her home for over half a century. Whea- about 1643, settled in Flatbush, but did ton S. Plumb died at his home in South not remove with his father to the farm ington, August 1, 1897. on the Dutch Kills in Queens county, Long Island. With his wife, Adrianna, he is mentioned as among the oldest DITMIS, George Onderdonk, members of the Reformed Dutch church at Flatbush, in 1677, and he took the oath Agriculturist, Public Official. of allegiance to the English there in 1687. Arms — Azure, a fesse wavy argent. He kept a tavern at Flatbush in 1676, Crest — Between two ostrich feathers proper, a and owned a double lot on the road to mullet argent. the ferry situated on the west side of the (I) Jan Jansen Ditmarschen, of Dit- highway, according to a map filed in the marsen, in the Duchy of Holstein, King office of the Secretary of State, August dom of Denmark, was of Scandinavian 8, 1681. He purchased from Garret Lu- lineage, his ancestors settling in Holstein, bertsen, April 24, 1681, a farm of twenty- where they acquired the German langu seven morgens at Flatbush, on the west age and took part in the Reformation side of the highway to the ferry, patent under Christian HI. and IV. He was to which land had been purchased from designated Jan Jansen Platneus (flat- the Indians and patented by Governor nose) to distinguish him from innumera Stuyvesant to Lubertsen, May 17, 1662, ble Jan Jansens residing in the region. with meadows as per liber A., p. 49, Flat About 1637 he immigrated to the New bush records. It was located half a mile Netherlands, where he obtained a patent, south of the Reformed church of Flat 92 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY bush. He was a leading man in the com when Abercrombie's loss was retrieved munity and held various offices of trust by the capture of Fort Frontenac on Lake in the town. Jan Jansen Van Ditmarsen Ontario, the victory belonging chiefly to extended his acreage by the purchase of the gallantry of the Queens county troops contiguous lands as he could, and a por under Colonel Isaac Corsa, whose sister tion of his large estate was still in the Sarah subsequently married Walter possession of his descendants in 1825, Franklin, of Flushing, New York. He when Major John Ditmars sold his share subscribed £7 10s towards building a to the estate of David Johnson. This sale church at Wolver Hollow, September 9, Г\ f. was a wedge which divided the tract 1732, and his service in the French and Л through successive sales of parcels of Indian wars entitled his direct desçe*É varied acreage now mapped as house lots, dants to membership in the Society of and embraced the site of old Greenfield Colonial Wars. Dow Ditnjars"<íied in, or (modern Parkville). Jan Jansen Van just prior, to ^ggjr^rTémarried, Septem Ditmarsen married, about 1643, Adrian- ber 22, 1687, Catherine Lott, daughter of na , and the following children Peter Lott, the immigrant, and they were were born, probably all in Flatbush: the parents of the following children: 1. 1. Dow Ditmars, mentioned below. 2. John or Johannes Ditmars, married and Laurens Ditmars, of Flatbush, baptized had children and died prior to July 1, April 25, 1680, married, October 29, 1701, 1752. , 2. and Peter died before Ditmars, 1729. married 3. Dow Sarah Dit Elizabeth Hegeman, daughter of Joseph Hegeman, of New Lots, a constable of mars, Jr., married Jarytje , and set Flatbush in 1727-28, died July 25, 1769. 3. tled at Raritan, New Jersey. 4. Abraham Johannes Ditmars, born about 1682 at Ditmars, mentioned below. 5. Adriaentie Flatbush, married, 1716, Jannetje Rem- Ditmars, who married William Cornelise sen, daughter of Daniel and Jane (Dit Van Duyne, of Newtown. mars) Remsen. 4. Rebecca Ditmars (sup (IV) Abraham Ditmars, fourth son of posed) married Peter Staats, of Gowan- Dow or Douwe and Catherine (Lott) us. Ditmars, was born at Flatbush. He re (Ill) Dow, or Douwe, Ditmars, son of moved with his parents to Jamaica, and Jan Jansen and Adrianna Van Ditmarsen, there died on his farm, August 7, 1743. He was born at Flatbush, Long Island, and married, June 18, 1725, Brickje (Bregie) lived there during his childhood and early Remsen, daughter of Abraham and Ann life. He later sold his farm there to his (Middaugh) Remsen, of Newtown. She brother Jan, or Johannes, Ditmars, and was baptized December 7, 1707, and died removed to Jamaica where he is recorded August 31, 1750, his widow, aged forty- to have died "far advanced in years," in three years. Of their children those that or just prior to *fP#|. He was a lieuten survived to maturity were as follows: 1. ant in Captain Richard Hewlett's com Catrina Ditmars, born June 21, 1727. 2. pany in the French and Indian wars, and Anatie Ditmars, born January 12, 1733, took part in action under Abercrombie married Leffert Lefferts. 3. Douw Dit when he, with sixteen hundred men, at mars, mentioned below. 4. Abraham Dit tempted the reduction of Fort Ticonde- mars, born December 9, 1738, at Jamaica, roga, July 8, 1758, and which met with died November 19, 1824; married Eliza disaster. He was also with Colonel beth Johnson, daughter of John Johnson. Broadstreet, August 2j of the same year, (V) Douw Ditmars, first son and third

93

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child of Abraham and Brickje (Remsen) uary 1, 181 5, Jacob DeBevois. 7. George Ditmars, was born August 24, 1735, at Ditmis. Jamaica, and there died August 25, 1775. (VII) Douw I. Ditmis, second son of His will is dated June 5, 1775, and in it John D. and Catalina (Johnson) Ditmis, he bequeathes his son Abraham his "sil was born February 11, 1795, and died ver hilted sword." Douw Ditmars mar June 24, 1853, at Jamaica. He married, ried Maria Johnson, eldest daughter of April 27, 18 1 7, Catherine Onderdonk, Jan Bartense and Cataline (Schenck) daughter of George and Sarah (Rapelje) Johnson, of Jamaica, born August 11, Onderdonk) of Cow Neck (Manhasset), 1733. They were the parents of the fol and granddaughter of George and Eliza lowing children: 1. John D. Ditmis, beth (Schenck) Rapelje, and of Adrian mentioned below. 2. Abraham Ditmars, and Maria (Hegeman) Onderdonk. She born December 9, 1738, at Jamaica, died was born November 3, 1796, died October November 19, 1824; married Elizabeth 27, 1880. Her cousins were Horatio and Johnson, daughter of John Johnson. 3. Henry Onderdonk, the latter for many Bridge Ditmars, married Peter Rapelje, years a teacher in the schools of Jamaica. of New Lots, December 29, 1791. 4. Ma To Mr. and Mrs. Ditmis the following ria Ditmars, married Jacob Rapelje, Sr., children were born: 1. George O. Dit of Newtown. mis, mentioned below. 2. John Ditmis, (VI) John D. Ditmis, eldest child of born April 6, 1822, died unmarried, Janu Douw and Maria (Johnson) Ditmars, was ary 14, 1893. 3. Jacob Adrian Ditmis, born at Flatlands, Long Island. He held born December 31, 1824, resided on a the rank of major in the War of the Revo farm at Hollis, Long Island ; married, lution, was a member of the State As June 1, 1859, Helen W. Stoothoff. sembly in 1802 and 1804, an unsuccessful (VIII) George Onderdonk Ditmis, eld Democratic candidate in 181 5, a State Sen est son of Douw I. and Catherine (Onder ator from 1816 to 1821, and an unsuccess donk) Ditmis, was born July 22, 1818, at ful candidate in 1806 and 1827. He also Jamaica, Long Island. He removed with served as surrogate of Queens county his parents to Manhasset in 1820, and re shortly after the second inauguration of turned with them to the old farm at Ja George Washington as president of the maica in 1830, where he was brought up United States. He was trustee of Union to the occupation of a farmer. The great Hall Academy, and an officer in the Re success that he met with in his subse formed church of Jamaica. He died quent career was undoubtedly due to his March 11, 1853. John D. Ditmis married, skill and supreme knowledge of the soil November 5, 1791, Catalina Johnson, el and its needs, and to his habit of growing dest daughter of Martin Johnson, who a diversity of corps so as not to be de died July 6, 1847. They were the parents pendent upon times and seasons. His farm of the following children: 1. Martin was the wonder of his neighbors, if not Ditmais. 2. Douw I. Ditmis, mentioned their envy, as his barns were always full below. 3. Abraham Ditmis, died May 17, and his market products brought the 1732; married, April 18, 1827, Katie or highest prices. He grew rich, as riches Catherine Onderdonk, daughter of Lott were counted in those days, and yet he and Susanna (Schenck) Onderdonk, of was wise enough not to make himself / Cow Neck. 4. Phebe Ditmis. 5. Maria the slave of hard labor, but to spare Ditmis. 6. Catalina Ditmis, married, Jan- his physical strength and use his supreme

94

csAeée Уо/ьпАст z¿J¿tnvta. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY knowledge in directing the efforts of oth the work or welfare of the church. Blessed of ers in work mapped out by his experience God, he was ever ready to use his means to meet the demands and necessities of his church. Vig gained by well directed efforts in early orous in mind to the very last, he kept himself in manhood. His fellows recognized that a formed thoroughly upon the world's work around good farmer makes a good civil officer, and him, and he was able to discuss intelligently al he was called upon to fill many of the most every topic of interest in state and union. highest posts in their gift, but he did not His advice and judgment were thorough and mo tive, and his neighbors and friends and family become a slave to politics any more than took pleasure in seeking and following it. Well to farming. He served the people "irre preserved in body, he rounded out the years of spective of politics and could be trusted his life in great physical comfort and happiness. with vital interests as they arose," being He was cheerful in spirit in spite of the infirmity fully able to cope with intrigue that self of lost sight. A son and two daughters remain to ishness or avarice generated in public mourn him. In early years they were left with out a mother's care, but he faithfully watched concerns. In a word, he was honest, over and guarded them, and they in turn have de earnest and sincere. His religious life voted themselves in his declining years, one of his was that of the church of his father, and daughters giving up almost her time and self to the work of reformation in which his an his comfort. It is a pleasure to one who had cestors were promoters under the Dan the joy of receiving this father and his daughter at the same time into the communion of the ish kings, lost in his day none of the vi Christian Church on earth to bear this testimony tality grafted into the Reformed church concerning one who has gone from us into the as then established. He held all the of heaven —only gone before us a little while. fices of honor and trust in his church at Though dead, he still speaks to us. Though ab Queens, and was a church worker, if not sent, we yet love him. a communicant, from early youth. He George Onderdonk Ditmis died at Ja was interested in the Sunday school, in maica (now Hollis), Long Island, Febru mission work, and later in life as a mem ary I, 1896. He married, June 19, 1854, ber of the consistory and as a communi Phebe Johnson, daughter of George and cant and elder. His last days were dark Catherine Johnson. George Johnson serv ened by loss of eyesight and he was ed in the War of 1812 at Fort Green and obliged to delegate to others the work he elsewhere. Mrs. Ditmis was born Jan so dearly loved, both in the church and uary 4, 1824, and died December 27, 1866, in the civic affairs of the town. He was leaving four children to the care of her released from worldly duties when sev husband. She was a lady of the old enty-seven years had been well spent, and school type and possessed many fine qual a beloved dominie, the Rev. Andrew Heg- ities both of mind and heart, which had eman, under whose pastoral care he had endeared her to a wide circle of friends. passed his best and most useful years, The children of Mr. and Mrs. Ditmis were paid the following tribute to his memory : as follows: 1. Catherine Ditmis, men tioned below. 2. Georgianna J. Ditmis, In the death of Mr. Dittnis, the Reformed Church of Queens has lost another of the old and born May 5, 1859, married I. Cornell faithful friends. Since organization of the church Remsen. 3. John Dow Ditmis, mentioned in 1858, he has been an attendant and supporter below. 4. Martin G. Johnson Ditmis, and friend. For twenty years he was a member born January 30, 1862, and died February of its communion and served in its eldership for 18, 1878. 5. Margaret Nostrand Ditmis, a time. Although a serious affliction of almost total blindness kept him from the house of God twin of the above, died October 8, 1862. and the assembly of the saints during the last 6. Caroline Maria Ditmis, born November ten years of his life, yet he never lost interest in 9, 1863, died August 10, 1864.

95 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(IX) Catherine Ditmis, eldest child of ers, is pure and unadulterated Scoto-Gae- George Onderdonk and Phebe (Johnson) lic, with a strain of Irish. The entire clan Ditmis, was born November 26, 1856. She trace descent from Colin of Kintail (d. was twenty-two years of age at the time 1278), and their name is a variant of Mac- of her mother's death, and after that kenneth. So rigid were the laws of clan event took her place in the household. Af membership and descent, that it is pos ter the death of her father she made her sible to assert beyond the possibility of home with her sister, Mrs. I. Cornell controversy that all who bear the sur Remsen, in the old homestead, until the name of MacKenzie descend from the an death of the latter in 1908. Miss Ditmis cient progenitor, and may claim kinship now resides at the Garden City Hotel, in however remote degree with the fore Garden City, Long Island. most members of the family in Scotland (IX) John Dow Ditmis, the last male to-day. member of the ninth generation of this The late Theodore Hall McKenzie, one branch of the Ditmis family, third child of the best known and most able civil and and eldest son of George Onderdonk and consulting engineers in New England, Phebe (Johnson) Ditmis, was born De although an American by birth, was a cember 18, i860, on the old Ditmis home member of the ancient Scottish family of stead adjoining his present home on Hol- the name. He was born in Yalesville, lis avenue, Queens, Long Island. He was Connecticut, March 29, 1847, the son of educated at the district school, then at a William McKenzie, a native of Scotland, school at East Jamaica, and finally at the who came to America in early youth. He Maple Hall Institute, on Union Hall learned the trade of mason in Scotland. street, Jamaica. Upon completing his William McKenzie settled at Yalesville, studies he engaged in farming as an oc Connecticut. He later established him cupation, and assisted his father in his self in business as a contractor and build work on the home place, and seemed to er, and engaged in this work successfully inherit the natural talent for the business until his death. Among the largest con possessed by his father. For twenty years tracts awarded him were the fort at New he continued to raise vegetables for the port, Rhode Island, Fort Adams, and the market until his health became impaired New York, New Haven & Hartford Rail when, on the advice of his father, he leas road tunnel at Hartford ; he also built the ed one-half of the farm to a neighbor and brown stone church at Wallingford, and continued to operate the remainder for numerous other public buildings through home use only, and continues to be so em out Connecticut. William McKenzie mar ployed at the present time. He married, ried Temperance Hall, member of an old April 26, 1903, May Payntar, daughter of and prominent Connecticut family. He John W. and Ann Elizabeth (Furman) died in Wallingford. Payntar. Theodore Hall McKenzie was educated in the schools of Wallingford and Meri- den, and later entered the Literary Insti MCKENZIE, Theodore Hall, tute at Suffield, where he pursued the scientific course and studied surveying. Consulting Engineer. At an early age he gave promise of great The lineage of the ancient Clan Mac genius in the field of engineering, and Kenzie, as asserted by Douglas and oth during 1866-68 he assisted his father in 96 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the construction of public works. From appraisal of mills and water power on the 1868 to 1872 he worked with location and Crotón and Ashokan water-sheds, when construction gangs on several railroads in the work was begun to increase the water Connecticut and Massachusetts, for the supply of the city of New York. He was practical experience which he felt neces also engaged in a similar work for the sary to a thorough knowledge of his pro Barge canal in New York State, and was fession, and during the same period took frequently called as an expert witness in private lessons from professors of the litigation regarding such property. Sheffield Scientific School of Yale. In In 1887 the Legislature of the State of 1873 he accepted the position of division Connecticut constituted a State Board of and resident engineer on the Providence Civil Engineers to inspect dams and ap & Springfield Railroad. In 1875 he re proved plans for new dams and reser signed this position to accept the post of voirs; Mr. McKenzie was a member of city engineer of Meriden, where he pre this board for more than a quarter of a pared plans for the sewerage of the city, century, and during part of that time was and also built reservoirs for an addition its chairman. He was secretary and su to its water supply. perintendent of the Southington Water In 1878 Mr. McKenzie was elected sec Company for twenty-seven years, and for retary of the Peck, Stow & Wilcox Com four years was secretary and manager of pany, hardware manufacturers, of South- the Terryville Water Company. He serv ington, Connecticut, which position he ed as the engineer member of the Connec held for ten years. During his connection ticut State Board of Health for twenty with this firm he built the water works of years. He was a prominent figure in all Southington and Plainville. He also organizations of the engineering profes planned a sewage disposal plant for Meri sion, and was a member of the American den, which was the first in Connecticut. Society of Civil Engineers, the Connecti In 1888 Mr. McKenzie established him cut Society of Civil Engineers, the New self independently as consulting engineer, England Water-Works Association, and maintaining offices in Southington and the American Public Health Association. Hartford. In this field he rose rapidly to At the time of his death, Mr. McKenzie a position of prime importance. His work was one of the foremost leaders of the for the next eighteen years consisted of engineering profession in Connecticut. He the construction of fourteen water-works was widely known as a man of fine ability and twelve sewage systems ; among these and as a capable executive and organizer ; were the water works at Nagatuck, Litch and he was eminently respected both in field, Wallingford, Simsbury, Terryville, his profession and in the business world as Newton, and South Manchester, Connec a man of unimpeachable honesty. In man ticut, and Brewster, New York; and the ner somewhat abrupt yet kindly, he made sewerage disposal plants at Manchester, many friends and few enemies. South South Manchester, Norfolk, Bristol, ington, his home during the greater part Ridgefield and Sharon, Connecticut, of his life, loved and honored him, and his Johnstown and Gloversville, New York; death was deeply and sincerely mourned. also water power developments at Berlin, He was well known in the Masonic order Connecticut, and Crotón Falls, New in Connecticut. In religious belief he was York. In 1906 he laid aside all other a Baptist. work to devote his time solely to the On October 11, 1871, Mr. McKenzie 97 A.B.-4-7 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY married Mary E. Neal, daughter of Ros- pecially water supply, sewerage, and water-power well Alcott and Eunice (Atkins) Neal. work. This experience had given him most ex Their children were: I. Samuel H., su cellent judgment in matters to which it related. He would reach conclusions at times in so simple perintendent of Southington water and direct a manner as perhaps to arouse sus works ; married Antoinette Bowers ; they picion on the part of some of the younger gener are the parents of a daughter, Eleanore. ations who believe that correct results in similar 2. William A., superintendent of Walling- matters can only be reached through long pro ford water works ; married Helen Canard ; cesses of calculation. To one, however, who knew Mr. McKenzie's rich experience, his judgment their children are : Helen M. and William would be mostly highly esteemed. Neal McKenzie. 3. Eunice J. 4. Fannie Mr. McKenzie was at times somewhat severe L. Both daughters reside with their moth in his criticism of those whom he believed to be er in Southington. dishonest or unprincipled in their actions. He Theodore Hall McKenzie died at his was himself apparently incapable of anything but absolute frankness. This trait was often evident home in Southington, May 3, 1916. The in his work as an expert witness, wherein he following tribute to his memory by Rob would very readily admit any necessary qualifica ert E. Horton, a fellow member of the tion of testimony he had given which was brought American Society of Civil Engineers, ap to his attention. This was at times perhaps a peared in the transactions of the society, little distressing to attorneys with whom he was associated, but, on the other hand, he numbered shortly after his death, and gives a clear among his most steadfast friends many attorneys insight not only into the character of the prominent in the trial of technical cases, both man, but of the nature and importance of those with whom he had been associated and his work: those whom he had opposed. I knew Theodore H. McKenzie quite intimately during the period from 1906 until the time of his death. My association with him was largely in NEAL, Roswell Alcott, the matter of preparation of technical evidence in water-power claims on Esopus Creek. However, Manufacturer, Legislator. he was also associated with me in the defense of certain water-power and flood claims arising from The surname Neil, common to all the construction of the Barge Canal, we being Northern Europe in its various forms, of both employed by the State of New York on these matters. We were also associated on certain mat which Neal is one of the most usual, is ters involving water-power and water supplies, of baptismal origin, and signifies literally quite a number of matters, in fact, in New Eng "The son of Neil." It is found in every land. I would say of Mr. McKenzie that one possible guise in English, Scotch and might on first acquaintance easily misjudge him Irish records of very early date. O'Neils because of his inclination to be apparently brusque and very direct and frank in anything he had to furnished monarchs of ancient Ireland, say. The frankness and directness were true kings of Ulster and princes of Tyrone. characteristics of the man. The brusqueness was The Scotch MacNeils form one of the apparent, not real, as on better acquaintance he strongest and most noted of the Scottish was found to be exceedingly genial and cordial, clans from time immemorial. The name in fact, I have known but few men who were so carefully and consistently loyal and devoted to originally had the significance of cham their friends as Mr. McKenzie. pion, which it retains to-day in the Gaelic In professional work Mr. McKenzie may be language. The English Neals were well said to have belonged to the older school of prac established in several parts of the king tical engineers. The methods which he adopted dom at the time of American Colonial em for the solution of problems were nearly always simple and direct. He had had a very wide ex igration, and were entitled to bear arms in perience in engineering work in certain lines, es numerous branches. 98 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

The Connecticut Neals, of which the Judd, who died April 3, 1831, aged sev late Roswell Alcott Neal, of Southington, enty-eight years. John (2) Neal died was one of the most distinguished repre February 6, 1831. sentatives in the latter half of the nine (V) Elisha Neal, son of John (2) and teenth century, comprise the progeny of Phoebe (Judd) Neal, was a skilled clock- Edward Neal, who was an early settler maker at Southington, Connecticut, for in Massachusetts. In the second genera many years, and a man of considerable tion the family was established in South mechanical genius. He was a resident ington, Connecticut, by Edward Neal, Jr., of Southington and New Hartford, and son of the founder, and has since ranked late in life removed to Otsego, New York, among the foremost families of the coun where he remained until after the death tryside. of his wife. On December 25, 1814, he (I) Edward Neal, immigrant ancestor married Naomi Frost, who was born Au and progenitor, was one of the first set gust 10, 1792, daughter of David and tlers of the town of Westfield, Massachu Mary Ann (Hitchcock) Frost, and a lin setts, where he died in 1698. He married eal descendant of Samuel Frost, founder Martha Hart, daughter of Edmund Hart ; of the family in Connecticut. Her line she was born October 12, 1640. of descent was through Samuel Frost, im (II) Edward (2) Neal, son of Edward migrant ancestor, who was born in Eng (1) and Martha (Hart) Neal, was born in land in 1704; emigrated to America and Westfield, Massachusetts, February 9, served in the French and Indian wars; 1679. He settled in Southington, Con he married, March 21, 1733, Naomi, necticut, where he died in April, 1768. daughter of Edward and Mary (Thorp) In his will, dated October 7, 1762, he Fenn. Their son, David Frost, was born gives his son William twenty acres of September 15, 1743; married, November land where his house stands, bounded 5, 1762, Mary Beach, daughter of Joseph northwest and east on highway, south and Experience Beach, of Wallingford, on Thomas Neal's land ; also fifteen acres, and lived on Wolcott mountain. Their bounded east on John Bell's land, west son, David (2) Frost, was born March 1, and south on highway, and north on his 1767; married, October 23, 1791, Mary own land. The remainder of the estate, Ann Hitchcock, daughter of David Hitch with the exception of a few legacies, he cock, and died on Wolcott mountain, gives to his son John. March 18, 1850. Their daughter, Naomi (III) John Neal, son of Edward (2) Frost, became the wife of Elisha Neal; Neal, was born in Southington, October she died at Otsego, New York, May 18, 28, 1719. He was married in Southing 1854, and her husband returned to South ton, March 13, 1745-46, by the Rev. Jere ington where he resided until his death. miah Curtiss, but the record fails to give (VI) Roswell Alcott Neal, son of Elisha the name of his wife. He was a farmer and Naomi (Frost) Neal, was born in and prominent resident of Southington New Hartford, Connecticut, in January, all his life. John Neal was the principal 1821. He was educated in local schools, legatee under his father's will. but at an early age abandoned his studies, (IV) John (2) Neal, son of John (1) and entered his father's clock-making Neal, was baptized in Southington, Con shop at Southington, where he was necticut, June 16, 1754. He was a life-long grounded in what was then one of the resident of the town. He married Phoebe leading industries of Connecticut. The 99 913* ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

products of the Connecticut shops were capital stock of $635,000. This was at then finding a ready market throughout various times increased until at the time the country, where they were being in of Mr. Neal's retirement from the presi troduced by young salesmen, who as yet dency in January, 1887, it had reached bore the undignified title of "Yankee ped $1,500,000. From 1870 to 1884, Mr. Neal dlers." In 1840 he went to work on a continued the active head of the business, farm in Bristol, and there remained until but during the last three years of his of- reaching his majority. In 1842 he launch cial connection with the company his ed out for himself in a clock selling trip health compelled him to relinquish many to Maine. This venture proved fairly of the more exacting duties. He had giv successful, and in his profits he laid the en to the advancement of the company foundation of his fortune. On his return the same untiring zeal and industry which he formed a partnership with M. W. At had characterized his previous work. He kins, of Bristol, for the manufacture of had wide experience and vast resources steel yards. The partnership was dis of energy and determination. Under his solved in 1849, m which year Mr. Neal re management the business increased rap moved to Southington, where he became idly, and by division of labor the cost of connected with the firm which three years production was considerably reduced. Af later was formed into the Peck-Smith ter thirty-five years of active business life, ' Manufacturing Company, and here he he was warned that his physical powers found his life work, devoting to the busi were failing, and in 1887 tendered his ness the executive and commercial pow resignation, and lived in retirement until ers which had been steadily expanding his death, which occurred August 15, under his previous experience. In 1861 1891. he was elected president of the company, a Mr. Neal was also prominently identi position which he held until the com fied with several other large manufactur pany, in 1870, became absorbed in the ing enterprises in Southington and the vi Peck, Stow & Wilcox Company, to which cinity, and was connected in an executive he was also called as president. capacity with several hardware manu Several competing firms had located in facturing companies. For a number of Southington and the vicinity, and the years he was president of the Southington idea of consolidation and greater financial Cutlery Company, the Aetna Nut Com and industrial strength took root and pany, the Aetna Match Company. grew. During the period from 1849 to He was also prominent in financial 1870 the capital of the Peck-Smith Manu circles, was president of the Southington facturing Company had grown from $50,- National Bank, and a director in numer 000 to $150,000, and under the most capa ous other banks, insurance companies ble management of Mr. Neal it had been and corporations. most prosperous. The dividends were Mr. Neal was a splendid type of the generous and regular. During one year New England manufacturer, eminently one hundred per cent., was paid, another progressive, keeping apace if not ahead of year sixty per cent., and for several years his competitors. He was courteous, twenty-five per cent, was the regular div frank, true to his promises, and the trade idend to the owners. The Peck, Stow & had confidence in his word. He was full Wilcox Company was incorporated under of hope and encouragement. He was an the laws of Connecticut in 1870, with a excellent judge, both of character and

100

s ÍAw¿ ffli /шй^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY trade conditions. He had strong convic the parents of the following children: 1. tions, detested shams and pretenses, won Mary E., who became the wife of the late and deserved confidences, and was cour Theodore Hall McKenzie, of Southington, ageous enough to voice and act his op whom she survives. 2. Lloyd O. 3. Jo position to trade methods which he be sephine N. 4. Stephen D. 5. Julia T. 6. lieved unfair and unjust. He was a strong, Fanny. Roswell A. Neal died at his home close friend, but could be an unrelenting in Southington, Connecticut, August 15, enemy. Of plain speech, with simple, 1 89 1, in his seventy-first year. unassuming manners, he was easily ap proached in every way, being a man of the people, in touch and sympathy with CURTIS, Cyrus Hermann Kotzschmar, his fellow-men. At times stern, his heart Notable Jonmallat. would melt at the bare recital of a story of injustice or suffering. He was mas While the fame of Cyrus H. K. Curtis sive, without adornment, honest in heart securely rests upon his own achievement, and soul. With pluck and perseverance it is also an interesting truth that he de he overcame all obstacles, never suffering scends from an ancient English family defeat, and never resting until his aim and one of the oldest in the United States. was accomplished. He laughed at failure, The surname Curtis is derived from a feared no competition and had the confi Norman-French word, Curteis or Curtois, dence of a victor entering the arena to meaning courteous, civil. The name is win. Conscience and courage were his supposed to have been brought to Eng capital. He was content to be and appear land in the eleventh century by the Nor what he was. His memory was tenacious mans in the train of William the Con of facts and details. He spoke with di queror. The family has been traced defi rectness and to the point. He was a nitely to Stephen Curtis, of Appledore, in stanch friend of education and of the Kent, England, to about the middle of the schools, for a number of years serving as fifteenth century. In America the family president of the board of trustees of the is traced to the year 1631, twelve years High School at Southington, and his chil after the landing of the Pilgrims. The dren were educated in the best schools in name in early New England records is the State. His mind remained unclouded found as both Curtis and Curtiss, both to the last, and his death brought to the spellings being yet retained in different town a feeling of personal loss. Mr. Neal branches of the family. The coat-of-arms was a Democrat in political affiliation, au- of the Curtis family of Kent and Sussex, though never influenced by party lines England, from whom William Curtis des- against his better judgment. He repre scended is: sented Southington four times in the Con necticut State Legislature, and identified Arms— Argent a chevron sable between three himself actively with all movements bulls' heads cabossed, gules. Crest— A unicorn passant or between four trees which had for their end the advancement proper. of the town's welfare. In religious belief he was a Baptist. (I) The family name was brought to On April 14, 1846, Mr. Neal married America by William Curtis, who settled Eunice Atkins, daughter of Lloyd and in Scituate, Massachusetts, coming in the Charity (Crampton) Atkins. They were ship "Lion" on her first voyage. His fath

IOI * Л». ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY er, William Curtis, came a year later, but in 1788, and became an ordained minister in the same ship, settling in Roxbury. He of the Baptist church, laboring many was accompanied by his three brothers — years as an evangelist in his native State. Richard, who settled in Scituate, Massa He married, December 1, 1808, Abigail, chusetts; John, left no descendants; and daughter of Nathan and Elizabeth (Fos Thomas, who later settled in York, Maine. ter) Safford. She was born May 22, 1791, William Curtis was also accompanied by survived him, and married a second hus his wife, Sarah (a sister of Rev. John band. Eliot, the Indian apostle) and four chil (VIII) Cyrus Libby Curtis, second son dren. He was born in England, 1590. of Rev. Reuben Curtis, was born in (II) William (2) Curtis, eldest son of Maine, January 7, 1822, and was a resi William (1) Curtis, born in England, dent of Portland in that State. He was a 161 1, preceded his father to this country decorator, and well known locally as a in 1631, settling at Scituate, where his musician. He married, July 3, 1844, Sa later life was spent on his North river lome Ann, daughter of Benjamin and Sa farm, where he died leaving issue. lome (Coombs) Cummings. She was born (III) Benjamin Curtis, second son of 1819, died 1897, leaving a son Cyrus H. William (2) Curtis, was born in Scituate, K., and a daughter, Florence G., who was January, 1667. He built, owned and oper born in August, 1855, died 1888. ated the Curtis Mills on Third Herring (IX) Cyrus H. K. Curtis, only son of pond. He married, in 1689, Mary Sylves Cyrus Libby Curtis, and now the world- ter, and died leaving issue. famous publisher of the Curtis publica (IV) Benjamin (2) Curtis, eldest son tions — "The Ladies' Home Journal," of Benjamin (1) Curtis, was born in Scit "The Saturday Evening Post," the uate, December 14, 1692, died in Hanover, "Country Gentleman," and the Philadel that State, February 21, 1756. He mar phia "Public Ledger," was born in Port ried, December 13, 1716, Hannah Palmer, land, Maine, June 18, 1850. He attended and had male issue. the public schools of that city until he (V) Thomas Curtis, second son of Ben was sixteen years of age, and then left jamin (2) Curtis, was baptized September high school to engage in business, al 4, 1720, at Scituate, but spent his life in though he had been since 1862 a news Hanover. His first wife, Sarah (Utter) boy, and since 1863 had published in his Curtis, died December 28, 1753, and he own amateur printing office a boys' paper married (second) February 26, 1756, called "Young America." In 1866 occur Ruth, daughter of Thomas and Faith red the great Portland fire, causing enor Rose. He had issue by both wives. mous losses, but none more severe than (VI) Thomas (2) Curtis, son of Thom that of the young publisher, who saw his as (I) Curtis, and his first wife, Sarah entire plant destroyed. He settled in Bos (Utter) Curtis, was baptized June 10, ton in 1869, and was publishing papers, 1749, at Hanover, and like his father was continuing there until 1876, when he came a shipmaster. He settled in Maine with to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where his his wife, Abigail (Studley) Curtis, of great work in journalism has been accom Hanover, to whom he was married June plished. He founded the "Tribune and 6, 1770. Farmer," a weekly publication. Expan (VII) Rev. Reuben Curtis, son of sion seems a part of Mr. Curtis' nature, Thomas (2) Curtis, was born in Maine, and everything in time becomes too small

102 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY to fit his ambition. He had the "Tribune siastic organization that forced the circu and Farmer" on a paying basis, and then lation of "The Post" to this enormous fig sought a new outlet. This came in the ure in a few years. From an unknown form of "The Ladies' Home Journal," first publication, a demand was created that published in 1883 for the benefit of his forced hostile news companies and deal women readers. The child soon out ers to add it to their list or lose a host stripped the parent, and from its first of customers. Now it can be purchased year's circulation of twenty-five thousand everywhere every Thursday morning. copies has grown to be the leading wo While Mr. Curtis would be the last man man's journal of the country, with a cir to say "I did it," there is the fact— that culation over two million copies monthly, as the head of the Curtis Publishing and read wherever English speaking wo Company he did do it by surrounding men are found. "The Tribune and Farm himself with a corps of heads of depart er," having served its purpose of intro ments ready and eager to work out the ducing its off-spring, "The Ladies' Home plans of their chief. "The Home Journal" Journal," was sold, the new journal ab is still the leader in the field of women sorbing for a time the great energy of its and the home, but has many imitators. owner. But with "The Journal" com "The Post," a man's journal, is supreme pletely organized, with a capable head in and alone in its field. While its circula every department, Mr. Curtis sought new tion department is the greatest in the fields to conquer, and found it in "The world, "The Post" has gained its posi Pennsylvania Gazette," then a paper with tion through the excellence of its editorial a weekly circulation of three thousand department and policy. Whether in sci five hundred copies. "The Gazette" was ence, discovery, politics, or fiction, the ar founded in 1728 under the name of "The ticles and stories are from the most em Universal Instructor in all Arts and Sci inent in their several fields. The adver ences and Pennsylvania Gazette," by tising is most artistic and carefully chos Samuel Keimer, the first employee of en, another innovation, and the fact that Benjamin Franklin' in Philadelphia. The the advertisement appears in "The Post" latter became the owner of the paper in is a guarantee to the reader that the the following October, and dropped the firm advertising is a reputable one. cumbersome title, retaining only "Penn With the two leading periodicals of the sylvania Gazette." In 1897, when Mr. country, a monthly and a weekly, beauti Curtis purchased the paper, it had a cir fully housed in a specially-designed and culation of two thousand. The circula imposing building on Independence and tion of "The Saturday Evening Post," Washington Square, Philadelphia, one successor to "The Pennsylvania Gazette," would suppose Mr. Curtis would find full is now over two million two hundred vent for his energy. But not so, there thousand copies weekly. Nothing better was still another field that offered him an shows the business acumen and vitalizing irresistible inducement, that of the farm, energy of the principal owner of this great field and country home. He purchased publication than the above figures. How "The Country Gentleman" and to this is it was done and how it is still being done being applied the same principles that forms material for a volume. There is succeeded so well with "The Home nothing in the history of journalism that Journal" and "Post." This property was can compare with the world-wide enthu purchased in 1912 and has responded to

103 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the application of Curtis methods with od of securing efficiency, as marked as its gratifying promptness, and with a week policy of themselves giving the highest ly sale up in the hundreds of thousands. grade of service to their employers, the To these publications, all published in the reading public. new building, each covering its own spe The thorough business qualifications of cial field, Mr. Curtis, in 1913, bought "The Mr. Curtis have caused his services to be Philadelphia Public Ledger," and within much in demand on boards of directors of a short time has caused it to more than various institutions, and his public spirit regain the proud position in daily journal has led him to accept of many such ism it held for so many years under the trusts. He is a director of the First Na late George W. Childs. In the field of tional Bank of Philadelphia, and the Real journalism it stands preeminent among Estate Trust Company; a trustee of the Philadelphia papers. Mutual Life Insurance Company of New While for many years the business has York, and an investor in many Philadel been incorporated as the Curtis Publish phia enterprises and companies. He is a ing Company, Mr. Curtis, as president, Republican in political preference, but has had entire supervision, and while he takes no active part in politics and opens has built up a wonderful organization, his columns to representative men of all editorial and advertising, he has furnished parties. During the campaign of 191 2 ar the policy that must be followed and se ticles appeared from each of the three lected the men to act as his lieutenants. leading candidates for president. He is a He is a thorough master of the details of well known clubman, belonging in Phil the publishing business, and has a secure adelphia to the Union League, Manufac position in the journalistic hall of fame. turers', City, Franklin Inn, Poor Richard, The building that Mr. Curtis has erect Automobile, Corinthian Yacht, Hunting ed as a home for his enterprises deserves ton Valley Hunt clubs. His love of yacht mention. Always solicitous for the wel ing is shown by membership in the Co fare of his people, it is nowhere shown so lumbia Yacht Club of New York, the strikingly as in the modern character of Eastern Yacht Club of Boston, the Port the arrangement of rooms to get the best land Yacht Club of Portland, Maine, the light and the sanitary arrangement of the Megomticook Country and Yacht Club of departments. Experience and modern Camden, Maine. His New York clubs science have taught many valuable les are the Aldine, New York Yacht, Press sons, demonstrating the value of light, and Advertising. sanitation, nourishing food, suitable During the many years of Mr. Curtis' clothing, proper exercise and physical rec business activity he steadily maintained reation in raising the standard of em the habits of close and systematic applica ployees and in arousing an ambition to tion which were formed in early youth excel, each in his field of effort. Here the and might be said to constitute the cor Curtis methods should serve as an object nerstone of his extraordinary success. lesson to every employer. The standard He is a fine type of the broad-gauge busi of its work is patent to all, but the excel ness man, of clear vision, sound judg lence of the methods by which an army of ment and remarkable capacity for detail. employees is kept cheerful, happy, con Also, he is a man of kind feelings and gen tented and loyal has been often overlook erous impulses, making due allowance for ed, but is a direct result of a Curtis meth the failings of his fellow-men while de 104 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY manding of them the same strict devotion Mcdonald, Edgar, to duty which he has always exacted from Financier, Humanitarian. himself. All this appears in the portrait which accompanies this biography and It is in accordance with the dictates of without which the testimony furnished human nature no less than of enlightened by the printed page would be extremely social policy to honor those whose lives inadequate. He looks the man he is. have contributed in any way to the good In March, 1875, Mr. Curtis married of the community and their fellowmen — a (first) in Boston, Massachusetts, Louise commendable custom of all ages and of Knapp, born in that city, October 24, all peoples. In contemplating the note 1851, daughter of Humphrey C. and Mary worthy career and many estimable per (Barbour) Knapp ; she died in February, sonal qualities of the late Edgar McDon 1910. Their only child: Mary Louise, ald, his name and character stand reveal married, in October, 1896, Edward W. ed as one eminently worthy of such hon Bok, the talented editor of "The Ladies' or. A keen sense of personal loss was felt Home Journal." Their children are : Cur by many Brooklyn people in his death. tis and Cary. Mr. Curtis married (sec Endeared to his friends by the attributes ond) Kate S. Pillsbury, of Milwaukee, that command sincere admiration and Wisconsin. The Curtis home, in the strong friendships, Mr. McDonald was of suburbs of Philadelphia, is one of the the type the world relinquishes with deep show places of the State. regret. In his death the banking business Throughout his career Cyrus H. K. lost one of its ablest officials. As presi Curtis has been animated by the spirit of dent of the Nassau Bank, he was for progress, ever pressing forward and seek many years identified with banking insti ing to make the good better and the bet tutions. A sound financier, he was con ter best. He has furnished a true picture sidered conservative, but unusually broad of the ideal business man, one who cre in his outlook, but liberal where liberality ates and adds to the wealth of nations was justified. He possessed what might while advancing his own interests. The be termed an instinct for finance. He great organization which he has founded seemed to read the true value of an in and developed is a monument to his far- vestment and could go to the heart of a sighted business ability, but no less is it business proposition quickly and uner a monument to his philanthropy. He has ringly. As a banker Mr. McDonald ad given to hundreds employment and op hered to the traditions that brought him portunities for self-culture and self-devel in close contact with the patrons of the opment, and the wealth which has come bank, and so lovable was his character to him he has held in trust for the less and genial his disposition that all who fortunate of his fellows. While increas came in contact with the man were at ing the material prosperity of the commu once attracted to him, many frequently nity he has labored for its moral and coming to him for counsel, advice and spiritual betterment. Publisher, business help. He early gained the confidence of man, philanthropist — he is one of those the customers of the bank of which he of whom future generations will say : was the executive head and attached them "The world is better because he lived." to him, making friends for himself and

105 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY for it. He came to understand their per life-long and of a very practical type. He sonal needs and privileges, and always of carried the precepts of the religion he pro an extremely helpful nature he guarded fessed into the affairs of every day life. their interests as zealously as if they were At the time of his death Mr. McDonald his own. He was a man of ready sym was a director of the Nassau National pathy, blended with the ability to say Bank. He was formerly treasurer and "no" if necessary, but in a way that left trustee of the Brooklyn Children's Aid no sting. He did not hold himself aloof Society, treasurer and trustee of the Sea from his employees, but always main side Hospital, treasurer and trustee of the tained the most friendly relations with Herriman Home, treasurer and trustee them and they respected him as he trust of the American Humane Association, ed and respected them. Personally Mr. and the Gates Avenue Homoeopathic Dis McDonald was one of the kindest heart pensary, treasurer of the Brooklyn ed of men, always considerate of others, Church Society, director of the Nassau and of warm, genial, social instincts. Of and Dutchess Fire Insurance Company, great nobility of character, he possessed and the Long Island Safe Deposit Com an innate refinement and charm of man pany, trustee of the South Brooklyn Sav ner that greatly endeared him to friends ings Institution, the Brooklyn Eye and and acquaintances. He not only filled an Ear Hospital and the American Bible So important place in the business and finan ciety. cial interests of Brooklyn, but was a prac On May 6, 1868, Mr. McDonald was tical philanthropist, a friend of education married to Emma Ackerman. Mr. Mc and culture, and a pillar of religion and Donald's tastes were domestic to an un charity. In every aspect of his career he usual degree, and he was blessed with exemplified sterling ideals of manhood the congenialty and happiness of an ideal and Christian character. home. Admired for his success in the Edgar McDonald was born in the business and financial world, he was much Heights section of Brooklyn, April 28, beloved in all the relations of life, and he 1845, the son of William and Mary (Will left to his family and friends as his choic is) McDonald. After completing his ed est legacy a fragrant memory. ucation, he entered the Nassau National Bank at the age of nineteen ; when he re tired, after fifty-four years of service, he ANDERSON, John Berry, was president of the institution. On his Représentative Citizen. fiftieth anniversary the directors and of ficers of the bank addressed to him a com The story of the life of John Berry An plimentary letter of congratulations and derson reads like a romance of an early tendered him a banquet. Mr. McDonald time. His courageous struggle for an ed had lived all his life in Brooklyn. A de ucation and for work, and the cheerful vout churchman, he was an active mem optimism with which he made the most of ber of Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, his difficult circumstances and finally and was one of the best known lay mem won his way to a position of esteem and bers in the Methodist denomination. One honor in the community for whose de of his strongest characteristics was his velopment he had done so much, make devotion to the church and its institu interesting reading. He showed himself tions. His religion was unobtrusive, but a true son of the American spirit which

106 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY has done so much to people the continent Maine ; her daughter, Rose, married with pioneers of his type. That he hewed Blair, at Mechanic Falls, Maine, his way to success, as in the earlier times and they are the parents of three children : the settlers felled the forest and built Julia Blair, resides at West Poland, their simple houses, showed that he was Maine; Lester Blair, married Bessie of the same sturdy fibre and that his man ; and Marjorie Blair, who resides hood was of as vigorous a type as theirs. at West Poland, Maine. 3. Timothy, mar To be of the blood of such men should be ried and had six children, three a matter of well-justified pride, as indeed of whom are living at the present time it is also an honor to a community to have (1919) : i. Mary E., who married Eben- produced such a citizen. ezer Whiting, of Hanover, Massachu The Anderson family in Gorham to setts, and they are the parents of three which John B. Anderson belonged dates sons, namely : William Whiting, married back to a very early period in the history and has one son, William, all of of the town. They were a number of whom reside at West Roxbury, Massa Scotch emigrants who settled there, the chusetts ; Walter Whiting, married first of the name being Archibald Ander and has two sons and one daughter ; Eben son, of Bannockburn, who was born in Whiting, married and has one son. Scotland, April 8, 1718, and died April ii. Sarah A., who became the wife of 24, 1786. He married Anne Malcolm, Gould ; no children, iii. William, who died April 16, 1807, at the age of unmarried. eighty-six. They came to Warren in 1753, John B. Anderson had the Scotch re and there they became the progenitors of spect for education, and his custom was many descendants in Gorham and in oth to tramp for five miles back and forth to er sections of New England. It was of the schools of the town during the six this hardy race that John B. Anderson weeks of the year when he was able to go came and his qualities can readily be to school at all. But he was a canny lad traced in their courage, fortitude, recti and he finally made an arrangement with tude and their thrift and foresight for the a farmer friend to live with him until he future. Such is the Scotch blood wher was twenty-one years old and pay for his ever it is found throughout the world. board with the help he gave him on his Named in infancy, John, Mr. Anderson, farm. This was when he was sixteen after reaching maturity, adopted for a years of age and this gave him therefore middle name the family surname, Berry, five good school years. This incident is in order to be distinguished from anoth indicative of that desire for information er John Anderson in the neighborhood. which he always had to the end of his He was born in Gorham, Maine, in 1806, days. He never ceased to be a student and died in 1889. His father, An and he became through this one of the derson, of Gorham, married Betsey best posted men of the neighborhood on Strout, and died at the age of fifty-six. all questions of the day. But he did not Their children: 1. John В., of this re neglect his end of the contract, and so view. 2. Sarah, married her cousin, valuable did his friend consider his ser Chandler Berry, and they were the pa vices that at the end of the time he pre rents of two children: Eugene, who re sented the young man with two fine cows. sides at Poland, Maine, and Rose, who His next employment was as a drover, married and resided at Poland, helping to take cattle to Dover, New к>7 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Hampshire. There he obtained work in a was organized, it was decided to give paper mill and remained for a time. He holders of five shares in the original gas saved up his money, however, in order to company an extra share. So Mr. Ander pay for his expenses to Boston and dur son acquired two more of the original ing the time he expected to be looking for shares, and as this enterprise appealed work in that town. Fortune favors not strongly to him he kept on acquiring only the brave but even more so the more shares until he finally was the farsighted and thrifty, and this was so owner of one hundred shares. He in his case. He obtained employment was a man whose entire success the very day he landed with a farmer was due to his well directed and in named Ford, on what is now Tremlett telligent industry, and his natural busi street, Dorchester. This town was destin ness instinct. It has been well said of ed to be the place of his residence and the him that he not only made the most of scene of his labors during the remainder his opportunities but often made the op- of his life, and to find in him a citizen portunties themselves. His upright deal who would be active in promoting its ing and his invariable fairness to his op growth and development. After a few ponent won for him the confidence and years he gave up farming and found em affection of his fellow townsmen. Though ployment with Roswell Gleason, a man no one took a keener interest in the wel ufacturer of Britannia ware and silver fare of the town, he was never an as plated ware, a product that was later dis pirant for public office. He was a mem placed by the electro-plating process. He ber of the Know Nothing party during remained in that business for thirty-five its short-lived activity. But his interests years until the plant of his employer was and aims were essentially domestic, and destroyed by fire. He then retired from he always found his real happiness in the active participation in business life. By circle of those of his own household. In his thrift and by his prudent investments 1853 he purchased the residence, which he had accumulated a competence. He had was then about fifteen years old, at No. acquired early in life the habit of econo 415 Washington street and this is still my and owed much of his success in af owned by his daughter, Mrs. Bass. ter life to his carefulness in watching This stands on an eminence commanding against the little leaks that waste so much one of the finest views in Dorchester Bay, money. Although careful, he was never and is shaded in front by two majestic penurious, and what he saved by intelli elms that have seen many generations gent thrift he spent with the same well pass by beneath their verdure. Such old directed care to help the needy. He was places call up many memories of the early shrewd and far-seeing, with an active and days and set one musing upon the pro zealous sympathy for every progressive cession of human beings that they have enterprise that looked towards promoting watched through the long days from the welfare of the town. childhood to age and then seen no more. When the formation of a gas company Mr. Anderson married Joanna Brackett was first discussed, it was decided to is Flint, daughter of Joseph Flint, of Brain- sue shares of a par value of $100 each. tree, Vermont. She was a smart, capable Later he bought two or more of these woman, of a lovable disposition, honored original shares from a neighbor. After and esteemed in the community. Mr. and wards, when the Milton Gas Company Mrs. Anderson were the parents of sue 108 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY children: i. Albert, died at the age of 1726. He married (second) May 22, 1727, nine. 2. John В., Jr., served in the Civil Mary Davis, who died February 22, 1728. War during the period of four years, was There were no children of this marriage. wounded in the arm and side, and re He married (third) December 11, 1734, turned to his home from a hospital in Mercy Abbee, who died December 5, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; he died in 1771. Of this marriage also there were 1908. 3. Sarah V., who married Quincy no children. Cheever Bass ; she is a member of the (IV) Nathaniel (2) Flint, son of Na Dorchester Woman's Club, and very ac thaniel (1) and Sarah (Cutler) Flint, was tive in all charitable work. 4. Daniel В., born September 5, 1720, in Windham, deceased, was a soldier in the Civil War, now Hampton, Connecticut, and died in a three months man, enlisting after the re January, 1795. He married (first) Sarah, turn of his older brother. 5. Joseph, de daughter of Benjamin and Lydia Bidlack, ceased. 6. Edward, died in infancy. who died in 1749. He married (second) (The Flint Line.) Mary, daughter of Nathaniel and Abigail (Gennings) Hovey. There were three (I) Thomas Flint, the immigrant an children by the first marriage, and ten by cestor of the family in this country, came the second, of whom one was Jonathan. from the principality of Wales. His name (V) Jonathan Flint, son of Nathaniel appears on the town records of Salem in (2) and Mary (Hovey) Flint, was born 1650. He may have come earlier, as he November 17, 1755, in Hampton. He had a mother here as early as 1643. He moved to Vermont, and married Mary was one of the first settlers of Salem Vil Amidon, and they had seven children, of lage. He made large purchases of land, whom one was Joseph. the second lot recorded being for fifty (VI) Joseph (2) Flint, son of Jona acres which was bought in January, 1662, than and Mary (Amidon) Flint, was born in Salem. This farm has remained in the March 15, 1789. He was a farmer in possession of his descendants. He died Braintree, Vermont. He married Anna April 15, 1663. His wife's name was Ann. Bass, who was born June 6, 1790. They They had six children, one of whom was had ten children, one of whom was Sa Joseph. rah V., born April 6, 1819, and another (II) Joseph Flint, fourth son of Thom Johanna В., who married John B. Ander as Flint, was made freeman in 1690. He son, as before mentioned, and became married, August 6, 1685, Abigail Howard. the mother of Mrs. Sarah V. (Anderson) He lived in Salem on a farm set off to him from his father's. He died in 1710, in Bass. The name of Mrs. John B. Ander testate. He and his wife were the parents son was a combination of her father's and of eleven children, of whom one was Na her mother's names, Joseph and Anna. thaniel. Anna Bass was a daughter of Jonathan (III) Nathaniel Flint, second son of Jo Bass, who removed to Braintree, Ver seph Flint, was born December II, 1688, mont, from Quincy, Massachusetts, and died June 3, 1766. He settled in Wind was one of the first settlers. Mrs. Sarah ham, Connecticut, about 1716. He mar V. (Anderson) Bass traces her descent ried (first) February 17, 1715, Sarah Cut through other lines to John Alden, of ler, of Salem, who died December 20, "Mayflower" fame.

109 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

CALDWELL, Alexander, Captain John Caldwell, who during his lifetime was one of Newburyport's most Manufacturer. prominent citizens. The ancestors of this The late Alexander Caldwell belonged branch of the Caldwell family were to that class of men who, possessing by Scotch-Irish, but while the immediate an nature and inheritance excellent business cestors of Alexander Caldwell were born abilities, are successful in more than one in Ireland, the Scotch in their blood pre kind of activity. Throughout his life he dominated, as was clearly shown by their made his home in Newburyport, Massa industry, frugality, bravery and religion. chusetts, where he was well known and Liberal in their ideas of government, as highly esteemed, not only in business cir Calvinists ever are, America has had no cles but in social life as well. His bright better citizens from Europe, and bred and happy disposition attracted many none better at home, than the Scotch-Ir friends and won for him popularity and ish and their descendants. In the South confidence. His high ideals and exemp they have been of the Andrew Jackson lary character were interwoven with his and John C. Calhoun stamp, while in the activities, and were thoroughly appreci North they have attained eminence in ated by his family, friends, business as war and peace. In the battles for liberty sociates, and all others who knew him. they have been of the bravest, as Bunker However cosmopolitan the institutions Hill, Bennington and New Orleans can and ideals of a community may be, there attest. is always one kind of aristocracy that re The name Caldwell in Scotch is spelled mains, that must remain, and that is the "Cold-wold," meaning the hazelwood or aristocracy of worth. It is the very es divining rod, the latter being a symbol sence of all true and honorable success, of authority, and as such was hung for a as well as the foundation, and no higher long time in a conspicuous place in the compliment can be paid a man than to Bavarian court rooms. During an early make the statement that he is a member period in the settlement and development of this kind of aristocracy. No better ex of New England there came from over ample can be found than Mr. Caldwell, the sea to America the ancestors of Alex whose death, which occurred at his late ander Caldwell. One of them, James, residence, No. 52 Olive street, Newbury was born on the ship during the voyage port, Massachusetts, February 5, 1916, to America, and the other, Alexander, was came as a sorrowful shock to his many born shortly after their arrival in this friends and acquaintances. His friends country. The family settled in Dunbar- were, indeed, legion, numbering many ton, New Hampshire, many of their kins high in official and business life, who re folk having previously settled in the val ceived the tidings of his death with ley of the Merrimack, where they founded great and deep degret. Mr. Caldwell was towns, cleared farms and helped to give blessed by nature with gifts of a high or us Christian civilization in place of the der, which he did not hesitate to use. He wilderness. In the course of time Alex developed a strong business ability, and ander Caldwell drifted down to Newbury possessed a progressive habit of closely port, which was at that time one of the following the trend of modern thought. half-dozen chief towns of Massachusetts, Alexander Caldwell was born in New- having much wealth and an extensive for burport, May 5, 1827, a son of the late eign and domestic trade. Young Cald-

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S$cecoffee, sugar, molasses creditable place among American poets, and other merchandise. The wharfs for John G. Whittier having said of him the whole length of the town were cov "that he was the best lyric poet in New ered with molasses casks, which largely England." Two volumes of his poems went to the distilleries, which at that time were published. Joseph Caldwell was a numbered about a dozen. Some years prominent business man of Phila prior to the death of Alexander Caldwell, delphia, John Caldwell was a gro in 1832, the business which he had estab cer in Newburyport, and Alexander lished passed into the hands of his son, and George J. Caldwell were both prom John Caldwell, who was born in 1783, and inent and influential business men of had previously been a ship-master. He Newburyport, having many other busi died in 1859, at the age of seventy-six, ness interests besides their interests in and through his death the town lost one the distillery. This old distillery, which in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

had come down in the family for three rity in business, and his kindness, intelli generations, always had the reputation gence and generosity gave him a wide of producing the best liquors of its kind popularity. in the United States, and this establish Alexander Caldwell was united in mar ment, covering an acre of ground with its riage with Mrs. Adelaide A. French, bonded warehouses attached, not only widow of Nelson French, a well known was a source of wealth for its proprietors, and successful farmer of Maine, and the but was a valuable auxiliary to the Na daughter of Isaac and Jane (Brown) tional Treasury, and as far back as 1873 Gerow. Isaac Gerow was a native of St. paid a federal tax of over $300,000 a year, John, New Brunswick, but removed to or more than a thousand dollars a day for Houlton, Maine, where he was married, each working day of the year. and where for years he was a prominent Alexander Caldwell, in whose memory farmer. Both he and his wife died in this sketch is dedicated, did not confine Maine. Mrs. Alexander Caldwell was himself to one line of business, but was the mother of three children by her first very active in all matters pertaining to marriage: 1. Myra L., who is deceased. the welfare of his native town. From his 2. Albert Nelson, deceased ; married Mar own purse and by his personal influence garet McDonald, who is also dead ; they he invested and generously contributed were the parentus of two children : Ade for the public good. By him ships were laide, deceased, and Eleanore French. 3. built and sailed, and most of the corporate Artie W., deceased, who became the wife industries found in him a stockholder and of Angus E. Thurrott ; she was the moth director. He was a director for many er of one son, Lloyd F. Thurrott. Mrs. years in the First National Bank, and was Caldwell's two grandchildren, Eleanore also a heavy stockholder and director in French and Lloyd F. Thurrott, make the Towle Manufacturing Company, large their homes with her in Newburyport, silver manufacturers. He also was, at Massachusetts. By a former marriage, various times, financially interested in Alexander Caldwell was the father of one cotton manufacturing, paper manufac son, George, now deceased. turing, carpet manufacturing, hat making, Progressive, wide awake, sturdy and and in fact was always considered one of strong in his mental and moral natures Newburyport's busiest and most prom alike, the high achievements of Mr. Cald inent citizens. He gave to these various well's industry and perseverance were in lines of business the best that was in him, deed well-merited, and he stood as a and he was often called upon for advice, worthy representative of those two old and his opinions were always highly re races from which he was descended and spected. It can be truthfully said of him to whose fame he brought additional hon that his interest in these different lines of or. A thorough business man, and mak business was not for any selfish purpose, ing this his chief interest in life, Mr. Cald but that the various operations might be well never sought prominence in politics, successful, useful to young men, and en in which he held independent views, in courage trade. His charities were large clining, however, towards the Democratic and many. The deserving poor found in party, but was always interested and ac him a friend, and the needy ones had the tive in all the affairs of the town in which benefits of his open hand. His high per he was born. He was a great lover of sonal character, unblemished, his integ all good, clean sports, was a keen admir

112 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 'BIOGRAPHY er of horses, and was one of the pioneer Clarks were in every instance scholars, automobile owners and drivers of New- scribes and men of letters. The name is buryport. In early life he was very fond one of great antiquity, and signified in of bird gunning, and it was probably the beginning a clergyman, or clerk in through this love of out-door life that he holy orders. In medieval English eccle kept so youthful in appearance and so ac siastical law, a clerk was any one who had tive both mentally and physically. He been admitted to the ecclesiastical state, was a gentleman of culture and refine and had taken the tonsure. With time ment, and was the possessor of a very the word also developed another sense. fine library, and was a great reader of all In the Middle Ages the pursuit of letters that was best in literature. He advocated and general learning was confined to the the recognition of one's duties and obliga clergy, and as they were practically the tions to State and society, and in every only persons who could read and write, all relation of life was an upholder of the law notorial and secretarial work was dis and a staunch supporter of truth and jus charged by them, so that eventually the tice. Although he took an interest in all word came to be used with special refer social activities of the community, he was ence to secretaries, notaries, accountants strictly a domestic man, a devoted hus or even mere penmen. Thus it will be band, ever catering to the pleasure of seen that when the adoption of surnames those about him rather than his own. He became more common and the taking of might well serve as a model of the domes a name from one's calling or occupation tic virtues, and of the virtues characteris became more frequent, the class of men tic of well-nigh all the relations of life. who adopted the surname Clark or Clarke The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is were students and intellectuals, who in urgent need of just such men as the transmitted a rich heritage to their pro later Alexander Caldwell to urge for geny. The accepted English pronuncia ward the march of progress and uphold tion, with the broad "a" regardless of the high standard of this common spelling, is found in the south of Eng wealth. Newburyport may well be proud land as early as the fifteenth century. of so loyal and upright a son and citizen, Several immigrants of the name set who contributed so much to her advance tled in the American Colonies before the ment and prosperity. middle of the seventeenth century. Mem bers of the family have figured prom inently in American life and affairs from CLARK, Salmon F., the very earliest period of our history. Connecticut has been the home of several Enterprlaing Citixen. branches of this family from the very An understanding of the origin of the beginning of its existence as a colony. surname Clark is a valuable adjunct to a The Clark families of Southington, of study of the families bearing that name, which the late Salmon P. Clark was a for it is an instance of the adoption of a member, are divided into three clearly patronymic not influenced merely by the defined branches. Salmon F. Clark, long residence of an early progenitor in one one of the foremost residents of Plants- part of a country or in another, but of ville, in the town of Southington, was a the adoption by a class of men of the descendant of Lemuel Clark, who was the name of their calling — and the early first of this line to settle in Southington. ИЗ Л.В.-ДО ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(I) Lemuel Clark is thought to have lands in Plantsville, and he engaged in been a member of the ancient Middletown farming throughout his life. Despite the branch of the early Connecticut Clarks. fact that he was an able business man, ag He was born in 1748. He settled in that ricultural pursuits were his greatest in part of Southington which is now Plants- terest, and he devoted all his leisure time ville, and died January 14, 1786. He was to developing his property. He was deep a prosperous farmer and well known citi ly interested in the science of grafting and zen. On October 14, 1773, he married in had great success in this field. He was Southington, Asenath Carter, daughter of widely known throughout Southington, Abel and Mary (Coach) Carter, who was both as business man and for his excep born in Southington, April 18, 1755, and tional work in this line. He was a prom died April 8, 1841. She married (second) inent citizen, and also active in public af March 20, 1808, Dr. Theodore Wads- fairs, although he remained aloof from worth, who died June 2, 1808. politics. (II) Allen Clark, son of Lemuel and Mr. Clark married, May 5, 1834, Thede Asenath (Carter) Clark, was born in F., daughter of Reuben Carter, of Wol- Southington, and was a life-long resident cott, Connecticut, and member of a prom in the Plantsville section of the town, inent Colonial family. They were the where he was the owner of an extensive parents of the following children : 1. Eliz tract of land. He was a clothier, and fol abeth В., who makes her home in the old lowed this trade actively for many years, Clark residence on West street, Plants also farming on a small scale. Allen Clark ville. 2. Salmon C, deceased ; was in the married, in Southington, January 19, 1803, Civil War, enlisted at age of twenty, Au Sylvia Barnes, who was born there June gust 21, 1861, in Seventh Volunteer Reg 25, 1782, daughter of Thomas and Phebe iment, Company A; wounded at Fort (Langdon) Barnes, and member of a Wagner, July II, 1863; he died May 19, prominent old Connecticut family. She 1896, aged fifty-six. 3. James В., born died January 12, 1857. He died June 30, March 1, 1844, and died in 1883, aged 1861. Allen Clark served with the Con thirty-nine years; sickly in his boy necticut troops in the American Revolu hood, he was unable to obtain the usu tion, and was a "Minute Man." al amount of schooling, but from earl (HI) Salmon F. Clark, son of Allen iest childhood evinced mechanical genius ; and Sylvia (Barnes) Clark, was born in in later years he became a very able in Southington, January 14, 1805. He was ventor; among the machines which he educated in local schools, and on com patented was one for making and printing pleting his studies learned the trade of shipping tags, which was widely adopted ; cloth dyer, which he followed success despite an illness which confined him to fully during the greater part of his life. bed for long periods, he was a constant His shop was located on the site of the worker, sometimes making his drawings H. D. Smith Manufacturing plant. He de in bed; he was the inventor of numer rived his power from the dam and pond ous machines and appliances which are then known as Clark's pond. In addition still in use. J. B. Clark was widely known to this he established a shop for the man and respected in Southington, and his ufacture of shoe-lasts, which he conduct death at the early age of thirty-nine years ed successfully for a considerable period. was deeply mourned. 4. Lucas, born Sep Mr. Clark also owned extensive farm tember 7, 1845; married, September 14,

"4 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1869, Phebe Twichell; they had six chil look and liberal where liberality was just dren : Frank A. ; Emma A., married W. ified. Courteous of manner, a man of sym G. Gould; James T.; Lillian, married pathy and generosity, deeply interested in George Hubbard ; Helen F., married Har philanthropic and religious work, modest old Wyman; Louise C, married Ray and unpretending, he deservedly enjoyed mond Dickerman. 5. Francis A., born Sep the esteem of all who knew him. Faith tember 7, 1847, died December 25, 1868. ful to every duty in life, he guided his 6. Jane C, born November 8, 1852, career by the standards of justice and up died January i, 1853. Miss Elizabeth B. rightness, tempered by the precepts of Clark and her brother, Salmon F. C. gentleness and charity. Clark, adopted and educated two chil John Bottomly was born in Belfast, Ire dren, the older of these, George E. West- land, in 1848. He came to this country in erberg, is a graduate of the Law School at 1880. He studied law at the New York Chattanooga, Tennessee, and is now a Law School, and for twelve years had prominent attorney at Cleveland, Tennes been in active practice of his profession see ; he married Alpha Lewis, and they in New York. James T. Bottomley, a are the parents of a son, George E. West- brother, is a scientist in Scotland. Lord erberg, Jr. The younger, Ellen J. West- Kelvin, the famous inventor and elec erberg, has made her home since child trician, was his uncle. Since 1902 Mr. hood with Miss Clark. Salmon F. Clark Bottomley has been associated with the died at his home in Southington, in 1892, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. and had recently been elected president of the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Com pany of South America, a concern lately BOTTOMLEY, John, organized. For several years he had been prominently identified with the American Man of Lofty Character. interests of the company and was third In the death of John Bottomley, who vice-president at the time of his death. He passed away June 16, 1918, New York was also president of the Electrical So lost one of its finest type of citizens. En ciety, and a member of the Engineers' deared to his acquaintances by the attri and the New York Athletic clubs. butes that command sincere admiration A man of deep religious sentiment, Mr. and strong friendships, Mr. Bottomley Bottomley was a devout member of St. was of the type the world relinquishes Andrew's Episcopal Church, One Hun with deep regret. A lawyer by training dred and Twenty-seventh street and Fifth and profession, he later became prom avenue. His religion was unobtrusive inently identified with the development and life-long and of a very practical of the wireless telegraph at the personal type. He carried the precepts of the re solicitation of its inventor, and to the ro ligion he professed into the affairs of mantic success of that development Mr. every day life, and he was a Christian Bottomley contributed in full measure. business man in all that phrase implies. As a business man, he was characterized He gave liberally to the church and its by keen insight and possessed what might institutions. His gifts to deserving char be termed an instinct for business. A ities were many and liberal and were in sound financier, he was considered con spired by a spirit of thoughtfulness for all servative but unusually broad in his out worthy causes and a true sympathy with

»5 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the needy and unfortunate. The funeral citizens of Woburn, Massachusetts. He obsequies were conducted by his pastor, lived to see and take a prominent part in the Rev. George R. Van De Water, as the later day growth of the community, sisted by the curate, the Rev. C. J. Mason, and was one of its wisest counselors and and other clergy. Dr. Van De Water paid hardest workers. He was a progressive a fitting tribute to Mr. Bottomley's up man in the broadest sense of the word, right and honorable career and to his long and gave his earnest support to any move association with St. Andrew's Church. ment that promised to benefit his com Chimes that had been donated by Mr. munity in any manner. His was a long Bottomley as a memorial to his daughter life of honor and trust, and no higher eul were tolled as his body was borne out of ogy can be passed upon him than to state the church. His funeral was largely at the simple truth that his name was never tended by delegations from various socie coupled with anything disreputable, and ties and organizations with which the de that there was never a shadow of a stain ceased had been associated. The church upon his reputation for integrity and un vestry of which Mr. Bottomley had been a swerving honesty. He was a consistent member for twenty-five years were the man in all that he ever undertook, and his pallbearers. career in all the relations of life was ut Mr. Bottomley is survived by his wife, terly without pretense. He was held in two sons, William Lawrence and John the highest esteem by all who knew him, Francis Bottomley, and two daughters, and Woburn, Massachusetts, could boast Mrs. Clement Foster Burnap and Sus of no better man or more enterprising anne Meredith Bottomley. The interment citizen. was at the Episcopal Cemetery near Edmund Charles Cottle was born at Southampton, Long Island. Tisbury, on the Island of Martha's Vine yard, Massachusetts, in 1842, a son of Edmund and Content (Chase) Cottle, and COTTLE, Edmund Charles, was descended, through both the paternal and maternal side of the house, from very Manufacturer, Civil War Veteran. old and distinguished Massachusetts fam It is an extreme pleasure to investigate ilies. Edmund Cottle, Sr., was a sea captain, the career of a successful, self-made man. and possessed all the sterling qualities Peculiar honor attaches to that individual which we have come to associate with who, beginning the great struggle of life that hearty type of New Englander whose alone and unaided, gradually overcomes exploits did so much to place America in environments, removes one by one the the fore-front of the commercial nations obstacles in the pathway to success, and of the world. In later life he retired by the master strokes of his own force from the sea and took up farming, which and vitality succeeds in forging his way occupation he followed until his death, to the front and winning for himself a which occurred in 1884. His wife was a position of esteem and influence among daughter of Timothy and Sallie Chase. his fellow-men. Such is the record and Edmund Charles Cottle had comparative life story of the late Edmund Charles Cot ly small educational advantages. He at tle, who at the time of his death, which tended only the rural schools of his na occurred January 13, 1903, was one of tive town, which in that age were ex the most substantial and representative tremely crude. In the year 1859, when

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l£j>mmu> Qlimvivet QJ&ttte ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY only sixteen years of age, he left his par where he remained for a time, and there ents' home and made his way to Woburn, he received an appointment as superin Massachusetts, where he secured a posi tendent with a concern that was en tion as an apprentice with the firm of gaged in the tanning and currier busi Tidd & Blake, tanners and curriers. Here ness, the old line which he had learned. he served for three years and during that It was in Grafton that he first became as period very thoroughly mastered the de sociated with Thomas P. Hall, in the bus tails of the business with which he was iness firm of Hall & Cottle, continuing later to be for so long identified. It gives for some eighteen months. Mr. Cottle some idea of the extremely meager pay then purchased his partner's interest, and which the apprentice in those days re continued the tanning business in his ceived to learn that for the three years of own name. One day, while engaged in his service Mr. Cottle received for the this enterprise, he met in Grafton his old first year forty dollars, for the second, employer, Mr. Blake, who promptly of fifty, and for the third, sixty. This was, fered him a salary of three thousand dol indeed, progress, and progress which led lars a year to become his superintendent eventually up the ladder of success, but in Boston. This offer Mr. Cottle refused, it must have seemed pretty slow at the but shortly afterward accepted another time to the young man. However, this offer from the same source to give him relationship was abruptly closed, as were an interest in the firm. The senior part all the relationships of ordinary life by ner, Mr. Tidd, had previously withdrawn the outbreak of the Civil War. In 1862 from the business, and the firm at this President Lincoln issued a call for volun time was Blake & Higbee, which became teers for nine months, and to this Mr. Blake, Higbee & Company upon the en Cottle responded, enlisting in Company trance of Mr. Cottle. This association G, Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volun continued for seven years and terminated teer Infantry, under Captain William T. with the withdrawal of Mr. Cottle in Grammer and Colonel Pierson. The regi 1867. His retirement from the business ment was at once ordered to the front and was occasioned by his desire to establish Mr. Cottle found himself shortly in North a new enterprise of the same kind in as Carolina, where he saw much active ser sociation with a Mr. Ramsdell. The firm vice. Some time later he returned to civ of Cottle & Ramsdell was highly success il life, temporarily, and coming to Wo ful for upwards of three years, and about burn found employment with the old firm 1870 Mr. Cottle sold out his interests to of Tidd & Blake, with whom his appren his partner and started entirely for him ticeship had been served. He reënlisted, self in the same line. He built his own however, with the one-hundred day men, factory near John street, Woburn, and re and again joined his old company. Once mained in this location for upwards of more he marched to the front and saw fifteen years, during which time he car active service, undergoing many perils ried on a highly successful business. It and hardships for the cause of the Union. was during these fifteen years, also, that He received his honorable discharge and the old firm of Blake & Higbee went out once more returned North, settling for a of business, and in 1890 Mr. Cottle pur time at Stoneham, Massachusetts, where chased their old factory and thus came in he worked for the firm of William Tidd to possession of the place where he had & Company. He then went to Grafton, begun his business life many years pre "7 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

viously without a cent in his pocket. Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; Wo- Here he also carried on a very large and born Post, No. 161, Grand Army of the extensive business under the firm name Republic, keeping up in the latter organ of E. C. Cottle & Son, making a specialty ization the many associations which he of glove, grained and split leather for had formed during the Civil War, and shoes. The plant had a capacity of sev which he valued most highly. Mr. Cottle enty-five thousand hides a year, and em was a life-long Republican, but although ployed about one hundred hands. Mr. active in the affairs of his party he con Cottle also owned a building in Boston, sistently avoided anything like political which was used for storage purposes for preferment or public office. In the mat the product of his factory, and as an of ter of his religious belief Mr. Cottle was fice for the sale of the same. It stood at a Congregationalist, and attended many No. 37 High street, and was well known years the First Church of this denomina in business circles for a large wholesale tion at Woburn. trade was carried on there. Mr. Cottle en Mr. Cottle married (first) in 1866, joyed a considerable market in his native Emma A. Howe, daughter of Martin and State, but much the largest proportion Pauline Howe, of Grafton, Massachu of his goods was sold abroad, seventy- setts. Mrs. Cottle died in January, 1881, five per cent, being exported to England leaving two children : Frederick E., who and other European countries. married Emma Greenleaf, by whom he Mr. Cottle did not confine himself to had two children, Edmund C, and Ray his business interests, as is so common mond F. ; Alice H., who became the wife with the successful manufacturer and of Walter C. Marien, and the mother of a merchant of to-day, but gave generously son, Harold G., and one daughter, Clara of his time and energies to the further I. Mr. Cottle married (second) in 1882, ance of the interests of the community Clara I. Bowers, daughter of Charles and whereof he was a member. Before Wo- Mary (Hayward) Bowers, of Woburn. Of burn had become incorporated as a city, this union one daughter was born, Agnes Mr. Cottle was a selectman for four years,' E., who became the wife of Daniel Nor- and after the incorporation he served on ris, now residents of Winchester, Massa the Board of Aldermen. He thus proved chusetts, and the parents of one daughter, his public spirit and the keen interest Rosalie. which he always took in community af Mr. Cottle was a self-made man in the fairs. He was one of the directors of the fullest sense of the term. Starting as a Woburn National Bank, and the pros friendless youth in a strange city, he, by perity of that institution was due in no dint of his unaided efforts, worked into a small degree to his able management. He position of great prominence, and won was also keenly interested in all matters an enviable reputation for himself in his pertaining to the cause of public educa adopted community for integrity and ca tion and general enlightenment, and for a pability. His sense of duty was ever long period served as trustee of the Bur- the strongest motive in his life, and his been Free Lecture Fund. He was pos friends used to remark in reference to his sessed of eminently social instincts, and devotion to his church and business, that was affiliated with many important or he divided his time between "mill and ganizations and societies in the commu meeting." They should have added nity. He was a member of Mount Hored "home," however, for there was never 118 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF\BIOGRAPHY anyone more devoted to his family and ing equally valuable lessons to the Cen hearthstone than Mr. Cottle, or a more tral European powers. With the need for devoted husband and father. The same an established dye manufacturing indus sterling qualities which made him loved try realized, the chemists of the country at home, and respected universally in his have given themselves to the solution of public and business life, also gathered the problems presented, and among the about him many faithful friends, whose fi houses whose specialty is dyehouse prob delity he repaid in kind. He was never lems and their solution is the Ricco Com weary of working for the benefit of the pany, Inc., of Providence, Rhode Island. community, and identified himself with Mr. Thomas H. Driscoll has given his many movements undertaken for the gen life to the chemistry of dyes, vegetable eral good. He was an unusual combina and mineral, his study and his business tion of the conservative and progressive, experience having been entirely along the seeking to find the good in both the old line of textile dyeing and the manufacture and the new. He was "a gentleman of of dyes. the old school" and all that phrase im Thomas H. Driscoll was born in Mid- plies of grace and courtliness, yet he kept dleton, County Cork, Ireland, June 5, well abreast of the times in all practical 1882, but at the age of four years he was affairs. He was a rare and admirable brought to the United States by his character in every way, and one of those grandparents, they settling in Penacook, of whom it may be said "that the world is New Hampshire. He spent his youth in better for his having lived there." Penacook, attended the public schools, and was also a student at Boscawen Academy, there finishing institutional DRISCOLL Thomas H., study but really just beginning his tech nical studies. He left school at the age Chemist, Dye Manufacturer. of seventeen, and obtained a position with Probably no feature of the effect which the Concord Manufacturing Company, the World War, 1914-1918, will have on Farwell P. Holden, president. He re American business will be so noticeable mained with that company until Mr. as in the dye and chemical trade. Now that Holden's death, then entered the employ American eyes are opened to the game of the American Woolen Company, at which was being played upon us with Winooski, Vermont, there devoting his our full knowledge and consent, desire is nights to the study of chemistry under strong to redeem ourselves and show to the instruction of a very capable college the world that we allowed Germany to professor. This was his introduction to make us believe that she could do certain dyes and dyeing as a profession, and from things better and cheaper than we, simply that year his study has been constant, his because we were so busy making other experimenting deep and wide. things to bother about the things we con After becoming known in the textile sidered small. But we have learned that business as an expert on dyes, Mr. Dris the making of dyes is not a small thing, coll spent two years in the dyeing de and that with our great textile manufac partment of the Princeton Mills at Tren turing business we must not depend on a ton, N. J., going thence to the Bradford foreign supply of dyes. That is one great Mills of the John & James Dobson Com lesson that the world taught the United pany, there being manager of the dyeing States, while the United States was teach and finishing departments for several 119 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY years. At the outbreak of the World risburg, was born in Germantown, Penn War in 1914, Mr. Driscoll quickly ana sylvania, March 4, 1862, son of Oswald lyzed the situation as regarding dyes, Crathorne and Catherine Gertrude and at once laid his plans to begin the (Lynch) Montgomery. production of dyes and chemicals hitherto The direct line of the Montgomery's supplied this country by Germany, al proceeds from Roger de Montgomerie, though coal tar, the base of all analine who was Count of Montgomerie before dyes, is here produced in the greatest the coming of Rollo in 912, among the abundance. From Philadelphia, Mr. Dris most remarkable descendants of whom coll moved to Providence, Rhode Island, were Hugh de Montgomerie, and Roger where he organized the Ricco Company, de Montgomerie, subsequently Earl of Inc., for the manufacture of dyes and Shrewsbury, Arundel and Chichester, chemicals. He is treasurer of the Ricco England, accompanying William the Con Company, and its chief chemist, the com queror. Hugh de Montgomerie was killed pany's plant being equipped with a lab in a battle with the Norwegians, and Sir oratory, and employing a capable staff of John de Montgomerie, of Eaglesham and technical and efficient experts for produc Eastwood and afterwards of Eglinton and tion and demonstration purposes. The Ardrossan, greatly distinguished himself company is a success from a business in the battle of Otterburne. standpoint, and promises part of the solu The Montgomerys were Earls of Eg tion of one of the great industrial prob linton until Hugh, the fifth Earl, being lems which followed the declaration of childless, made a resignation of his earl war between the United States and Ger dom to the prejudice of his cousin, Sir many, a war now happily ended by the Neil Montgomerie, öf Lainshaw, who was triumph of right over wrong, and the es the heir male. The Earl died in 1612, tablishing of a reign of more righteous when his cousin, Sir Alexander Seton, dealing between nations and between agreeably to this new grant, assumed the men of the same nation. Mr. Driscoll is a name and arms of Montgomerie and the member of Santa Maria Council, No. 263, title of the Earl of Eglinton. Knights of Columbus, of Philadelphia, William Montgomery was the first of Pennsylvania ; Lodge, No. 14, Benevo the regular line of Montgomerys to come lent and Protective Order of Elks, of to America, and settled in Monmouth Providence, Rhode Island ; and the Cath county, New Jersey. Robert Montgom olic Club, of Providence. In politics he is ery was the head of the thirty-first gener a Republican ; his religious belief, Roman ation of Montgomerys, and it was from Catholic. his brother John that Thomas L. Mont Mr. Driscoll married, April 20, 1912, gomery descended. Anna Welch, of Philadelphia, Pennsyl Thomas Lynch Montgomery graduated vania. The family home is in Provi from the University of Pennsylvania in dence, that city also the home of the Ric 1884, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. co Company, Inc. His entire life career has been devoted to library work and the preservation of historical and antiquarian memorabilia MONTGOMERY, Thomas Lynch, and records. In 1886 he became actuary State Librarian of Penniylrania. and librarian of the Wagner Free Insti Thomas Lynch Montgomery, librarian tute of Science. He was founder of the of the Pennsylvania State Library, Har- Pennsylvania Library Club in 1890, and

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^-^,*Széa 7"* <^Лк^, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY in 1892 established the first branch of the at his home, January 12, 1918, at the ad Philadelphia Free Library, and since 1894 vanced age of ninety-four years. Mr. has been one of its trustees and chairman Barnard's remarkable good health and of the library committee. In February, equally wonderful activity for one of his 1903, he was appointed to his present po age was often the subject of comment, sition of State librarian. He is secretary especially on his birthday anniversaries, of Pennsylvania Free Library Commis and the wonder of his many friends. sion ; commissioner for the Preservation Benjamin F. Barnard was born in of Historical Archives of Pennsylvania; North Reading, Massachusetts, July 10, editor of "Pennsylvania Archives," series 1824, the son of Jacob and Grace 5 and 6; a charter member of the Key (Stearns) Barnard, natives of Petersbor- stone Library Association ; member of ough, New Hampshire. The name Bar the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sci nard and Barnet seem to be identical. ences, American Historical Association, Wherever in the early records the sur and Philoblion Club ; life member of the name Barnard appears, it is spelled Bar- Historical Society of Pennsylvania; net, which is the old Anglo-Saxon way of American Library Association and Spring spelling this surname. It is an ancient Garden Institute ; honorary member of English family name, and the members of the Dauphin County Historical Society, this family have filled military and civil Wyoming Historical and Geological So offices from the date of the first settle ciety ; member of council of Swedish Co ments made in New England. The immi lonial Society; and of the Harrisburg grant ancestor of the Barnard family in Club, Harrisburg; and University Club, America was John Barnard, of Water- Philadelphia. He is a Republican in pol town, Massachusetts. He was a native of itics. His home is in Philadelphia, No. Ipswich, England, and sailed from there 904 Clinton street, and his offices are in April 30, 1634, on the ship "Elizabeth," the State Library, Harrisburg. arriving in Boston in the fall of the year Mr. Montgomery married, October 16, 1634. 1889, Brinca Gilpin, of Philadelphia. Benjamin F. Barnard was the fifth lin eal descendant of John Barnard, the Eng lish ancestor. His father died when he BARNARD, Benjamin F., was a boy of six years, and his mother moved to South Reading, where he was Ciril War Veteran. reared and received his education in the Arms — Azure a bear rampant, sable, muzzled or. public schools. He entered his name on Crest — Out of a ducal coronet or a demi-bear the roll of the original Richardson Light rampant sable, muzzled or. Guard, which was known in late years as Wakefield's (Massachusetts) most ven Company A, Sixth Regiment, October erable citizen, Benjamin F. Barnard, who 11, 1851, when it was organized. In the had the distinction of being one of the succeeding years until 1857 he rose to be four living charter members of the old first lieutenant. Then he resigned, but re- Richardson Light Guard, and the first enlisted later, and when President Lin man to appear in uniform at the armory coln's first call for troops came on April 19, in 1861, the oldest man in the town of 1861, he was the first to appear at the Wakefield, and the oldest member of Post armory in answer to his country's call. No. 12, Grand Army of the Republic, died He had been to Boston the day before

121 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

and had a conference with the Gover daughter of Moses M. and Lydia L. nor Andrews, pledging him the services (Luther) Merrill, both natives of Land- of the Richardson Light Guards, if the off, New Hampshire. Mr. and Mrs. Bar emergency demanded it. By May, 1862, nard were the parents of three children: he had risen to his old rank of first lieu 1. Ruby M., who died February 21, 1893. tenant ; then, his enlistment term having 2. Jacob Stearns, now living in St. Peters expired, he reënlisted in Company K, burg, Florida; married Lillian S. Sween Twenty-third Massachusetts Infantry, as ey, of Medford, Massachusetts. 3. Florida sisted in recruiting it and later became Purdy, who died August 3, 1892. Since first lieutenant. He also served for a time the death of her husband, Mrs. Barnard as commander. A year later he obtained has continued to reside on Richardson his discharge from Company K, and be avenue in the town of Wakefield. came first lieutenant and quarter-master No more beautiful tribute can be paid of the Fifty-ninth Massachusetts Infan to the memory of Benjamin F. Barnard try, with which he served until the end of than was written and appeared in the lo the war. Mr. Barnard was one of the cal town paper, "The Wakefield Item." few veterans who were in service from The title of the editorial was "Uncle the beginning to the end of the four years' Ben's Last Roll Call." conflict, and fought in some of the most famous battles. "Uncle Ben," as all liked to call him, has at last answered the final roll-call. Few men were After the war he engaged in the paint better known or better liked in Wakefield, and and oil business in Boston, in which he few indeed were as active and well posted. Re was successful. He was a member of the cent weeks of illness foretold that the end was in Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Mas evitably near. Mr. Barnard was a picturesque sachusetts Commandery, and was affili person, and until the bending shoulders and fee bler steps gave evidence of a breaking constitu ated with the Masonic order. In politics tion, few people realized but what he would "live he was a Democrat, but always pursued forever." He was one of the old time Democrats an independent course in local affairs. of the rugged oak variety that neither wind nor Some years ago he served as park com weather disturbed. Until recent years, he had a missioner of the town of Wakefield. In distinguished, soldierly manner, the type of a man that people, not familiar with local celebrities, 1910 Mr. Barnard and his family moved would stop and inquire about, by reason of his from Lakeside, where they had lived for striking personality. Responding to the call of many years, to No. 24 Richardson avenue, President Lincoln, as the first man to appear in Wakefield, Massachusetts. He had prop uniform in the army, in 1861, Mr. Barnard kept erty interests in Florida, and he usually up his interest in the old Richardson Light Guard throughout all these years. In fact before the spent his winters down South until late Civil War started, as a charter member of the years when his extreme old age would not organization, he maintained great interest in the permit him to undertake long journeys. local military company. Always ready to give He married (first) Sarah Emerson, and take, and maintaining that "You can't kill an daughter of Captain Thomas Emerson, old Democrat" when his age was referred to, having a big heart, even though disguised by a and of this union was born a daughter, rough exterior, "Uncle Ben" passed out, leaving Grace M., now deceased. Mrs. Barnard memories of the pleasantest kind, and leaving a died November 15, 1880. He married vacant chair that recalls a personality, that will be (second) March 16, 1887, Mrs. Ida Mabel ever missed in Wakefield in years to come. In (Merrill) Purdy, widow of Thomas W. stead of "Uncle Ben" issuing orders as he did in Civil War times, he now accepts as final an order Purdy, a journalist very well known, that cannot be countermanded.

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SUTER, Frederick, cloth for army and naval uniforms, tent- »facturer. ings, and all cloths and woven materials used in the war program. In addition to Reed manufacture is the line of endeav this business, Mr. Suter is a director, or followed throughout a busy life by treasurer and one of the largest stock Frederick Suter, of the F. and B. Suter holders in the Consumers' Brewing Com Company, of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, pany, of Cranston, Rhode Island. Mr. and since 1901 he has been engaged in Suter is a member of the Pawtucket independent operations in this line, al Chamber of Commerce and is affiliated though previously employed in Provi with Herman Lodge, Knights of Pythias, dence. Mr. Suter is a native of Switzer Improved Order of Red Men, and the land, born December 9, 1870, of a family Royal Arcanum. He ranks among the of five children, his three sisters and one successful manufacturers of the locality, brother also living in the United States. and is a leader in his highly specialized Left an orphan at the age of three years, industry, in which he has spent his life. he has been self-supporting since his Frederick Suter married, in 1899, Bar tenth year, becoming expert in the mak bara Bentz, of Providence, and they are ing of loom reeds in his native land. In the parents of: Frederick, associated 1888, when eighteen years of age, he came with his father in business; Lester, at to the United States, and for five years home ; and Lillian, also at home. was employed as reed maker with the Thomas Rau Company, of New York City, during this period acquiring WHITMAN, William Henry, full citizenship. For a short time there Manager of Important Business. after he was employed in the same ca pacity with the J. A. Gowdey Reed & William Henry Whitman, for twenty- Harness Company, of Providence, then five years buyer and general manager of returning for a two year period with his the William H. Fenner Company, deal first employers. Receiving an offer of a ers in furnaces, stoves, etc., ever deserved position as foreman from the Gowdey the high position to which he attained as Company, he returned to Providence and a business man and also in the regard of for seven years was in charge of the plant his fellow citizens. His life was acuated of that concern, resigning to accept a by high principles, and stimulated by similar position with the Gibbs Reed & laudable ambition, and during all the Harness Company, of Clinton, Massa years of his residence in Providence he chusetts. Once more associating him enjoyed the high regard and the warm self with the J. A. Gowdey Reed & Har respect of those with whom he was as ness Company in executive capacity, he sociated. He was a son of George Wash was in this employ until 1901, when he ington and Lydia (Potter) Whitman, founded his present business at No. 41 and was born in Centerville, in the town Bailey street, Pawtucket, Rhode Island, of Warwick, Rhode Island, August 17, operating at the present time as the F. 1834- and B. Suter Company. This company George Washington Whitman, father manufactures loom reeds of every known of William H. Whitman, was the son of variety, and during the World War made Henry and Lucianna (Greene) Whit a special reed used in the weaving of man, and was a descendant of General 123 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary fame. William Henry Whitman spent his He was born in Centerville, Rhode Is boyhood in Centerville, where he receiv land, September 28, 181 1, but he spent his ed his early education, later attending early boyhood in Eastern Connecticut East Greenwich Academy. After his and returned to Centerville in 1829. In graduation from the academy, he entered later life he was engaged in mercantile into business in his father's store at Cen pursuits in Centerville, Crompton, and terville. Being a very energetic and in Providence. Mr. Whitman was an ardent dustrious young man, he thought that Republican, and was elected to the House Providence would prove a wider field for of Representatives from Warwick in 1861 his ambitions, and consequently came to and 1862, and moved to Providence in Providence in 1865. On his arrival in 1866. He was one of the charter mem Providence he entered the employ of bers of the Warwick Institution for Sav Thomas Philips & Company, on South ings, and remained a director until i860; Main street, as bookkeeper. Later he be was also a director of the Centerville Na came connected with the William H. tional Bank from 1841 to 1856. He was Fenner Company, at that time a well widely known as a tactful and sound bus known hardware and housefurnishing iness man, and his friend, Edward Ma firm in Providence, and his business sa son, a prominent black silk merchant, gacity and keen knowledge won the ad prevailed upon him to associate himself miration of his employers, and soon he with him in business, which he did very was promoted to superintendent and soon successfully. He continued in this posi after became buyer and general manager. tion until he retired from business, after He remained with this firm for twenty- securing an ample competence for his five years, until his retirement from busi declining years. ness. Mr. Whitman was united in marriage On October 1, 1855, was solemnized the with Lydia Potter, October 31, 1833. Of marriage of William Henry Whitman and this union two children were born : Wil Ann Maria Hamilton, daughter of Henry liam H., of further mention, and George and Maria (Pierce) Hamilton. William W., Jr., who died in 1857 at the age of H. Whitman and Ann M. Hamilton spent twelve years. Mrs. Whitman died in their school days together in Centerville ; 1883, Mr. Whitman surviving his wife Mrs. Whitman became a school teacher seven years, passing away at the Whit at the age of fifteen years, imparting man homestead, No. 81 Broadway, Prov clearly and readily to others the knowl idence, Rhode Island, on September 18, edge that she had acquired, and her ef 1890, in the seventy-ninth year of his age, forts were an effective element in advanc and they were both laid to rest in Swan ing the school interests of her native Point Cemetery, the community mourn town. Mr. Whitman was a home man, ing the loss of this highly respected and found his greatest happiness around couple, to whom Mrs. Whitman will al his own fireside. He was a man of quick ways be remembered as "a lady of sterl sympathies, and often his interest found ing worth, and ornament to society, a expression in substantial form. He was kind neighbor, and devoted wife," and of a staunch Republican in politics, he nev Mr. Whitman as, "always genial in his in er sought office, however, but was content tercourse with mankind, having a kind to do his duty as a private citizen. word for all, and an open hand for the Mr. Whitman passed away at the Whit needy." man homestead on February 17, 1918,

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tëcorge Ш. SOTntman

i^enrp Hamilton ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY which had been his home for so many stormy life of politics. His heart and his strength years, and is now occupied by his widow lay elsewhere, and all who knew him, and espec ially those who knew him best, could not but ad and her niece, Miss Mary R. Reynolds. mit the wisdom of his choice. Where suffering, Mrs. Whitman attends the Beneficent sickness or death had made themselves felt, his Congregational Church as also did Mr. presence was invariably sought as that of the Whitman. highest physician, the healer of the heart. His Henry Hamilton, father of Ann Maria sympathy was unbounded and extended to all. As at the time of his death he was one of the oldest, Hamilton, was born at North Kingston, so was he one of the most universally respected in the State of Rhode Island. He later and highly esteemed inhabitants of Centerville. removed to Centerville, where he became The warm feeling entertained for him by all his contractor and builder, and was very suc associates was only surpassed by the deep love cessful in his business. He was a very which surrounded him in the circle of his own home. The honor and respect of the many was public spirited man and a good, upright intensified into the affection and reverence of the citizen. He was often called upon to set few. Those who, like the writer, only knew him tle estates, and rendered valuable services when the burden of his years was already becom to his town. The regard in which Henry ing heavy, will remember his gray hairs as a true Hamilton was held by his fellowmen may crown of honor. They will remember the uncon querable good humor, the genial sunny nature, the be adequately expressed in the follow almost boyish playfulness, and will thereby learn ing tribute, taken from a New York pa more accurately to measure the deeper grief of per at the time of his death : those who, through the mist of intervening years, can look back to the time when even his warm We regret to be called upon to record the death heart was warmer still, and when the fire of his of Mr. Henry Hamilton, of Centerville, Rhode sympathy burned with a still brighter glow. Island, which took place at the residence of his Like many who are of Scottish descent, Mr. daughter, Mrs. Dr. H. N. Matt ¡son, of Oswego, Hamilton appeared to associate with the home of New York, on the 27th ult The deceased was the his forefathers much of the romance which sur only survivor of a family of twelve, whose grand rounds Scotland in the hearts of her nearer chil father, along with two brothers, were among the dren. In his taste for Scottish song, in his love of early emigrants to this country from Scotland, a dry joke, and more than anything else in the cast and settled in the Eastern states. His life, could of his features, he might have been taken for an it be given in detail, would be found full of in old man who had in youth left the "land of the struction, and suggestive of many valuable les heather" to throw in his lot with America. His sons. He entered into business for himself at greatest enjoyment was taken in the social circle, Centerville, Rhode Island, about fifty years ago, where his gaiety, to the last days of his life, was and after engaging for forty years in active pur manifested with all the spirit of his youth. suits, retired to spend, in the privacy of his fam He is mourned by a widow and eight children, ily, the fall of life. The high estimation in which to whom the legacy of his well-spent lifetime, of he was held may be inferred from the fact of his his honor undimned, of his integrity unimpugned, having been offered the nomination to the repre of his name as untarnished as that of the noblest sentation of his district in the State government, Hamilton of Scotland, is at once a fortune and a but be declined. He held the office of justice of consolation. the peace for a number of years. In his youth men were not in the habit of seeking office or po Henry Hamilton married Maria Pierce, litical position as anxiously as now. He was a and they were the parents of eight chil relic of the old times, when men held back from dren: 1. Martha E., married James A. place, and required urging and all the inducements Gardner, and is now deceased. 2. Ab- of an honorable career, before giving their con bie S., married George Reynolds, and is sent to fill a public capacity. Though a man of unfailing, good judgment, and possessed of busi deceased. 3. Thomas J., deceased, mar ness qualities of the highest order, Mr. Hamilton ried Maria Church, daughter of Dr. Sam refused to leave the quietude of home for the uel Church, of Wickford, Rhode Island. 125 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

4. Mary D., married Dr. H. N. Mattison, ALBEE, Fred Houdlett, and is deceased. 5. Ann M., mentioned Eminent Specialist, Author. above. 6. Henry A., was born in Cen- terville, Warwick, Rhode Island., March Fred Houdlett Albee, A.B., M.D., Sc. x5> l&37- 1° answer to Governor Sprague's D., F.A.C.S., eminent specialist in Ortho urgent call for volunteers to aid in pedic Surgery, of international reputation, the defence of Washington, then threat and Orthopedist of the United States ened by the Confederates, he enlist Army with the rank of major, has at ed as a private in Company D, Tenth tained to the most honorable distinctions Rhode Island Volunteers, May 26, 1862. in a learned profession. In his develop The Tenth, together with the Ninth, was ment of bone-graft surgery by transplan raised practically over night for the de tation, one of the greatest discoveries to fence of the Capitol. Mr. Hamilton's modern surgical science, Dr. Albee's regiment was hurried South and held ex achievements entitle him to a place posed positions in a chain of forts and among the foremost medical men of his batteries which protected Washington on tune. Dr. Albee's career is one not easily the west and north, relieving older troops paralleled by noted contemporaries, a fact for service in the field. The regiment was which derives additional weight from the kept on duty until after the menace to circumstance that Dr. Albee is yet a the Capitol had been averted, and then young man, hardly in the prime of middle returned to this city (Providence), where life, and is a notable exception to the rule its members were mustered out Septem that distinction in the medical profession ber 1, 1862. Enlisted for three months in is an honor of slow growth and late ma Washington, Tennally Town, Fairfax turity. Seminary. Enlisted in Franklin Hall, Fred Houdlett Albee was born at Alna, corner South Main and College streets, State of Maine, April 13, 1876, a son of F. under Captain Smith; served later un H. and С. M. (Houdlett) Albee. He re der Captain Dunham, is now a "Grand ceived a liberal classical education at the Army man," member of Slocum Post, a Lincoln Academy, Newcastle, Maine, and retired jewelry manufacturer, now living graduated from Bowdoin College in 1899 in East Greenwich, Rhode Island. 7. Syl with the degree of A.B. He then entered vester P., deceased. 8. Lydia Harriet, de upon the study of medicine at Harvard ceased, wife of Hon. Enos Lapham of University Medical College, graduating the well known Lapham family of Center- therefrom in 1903 with the degree of M. ville. He was at one time Lieutenant- D. He was afterwards house surgeon at governor of Rhode Island. After a long the Massachusetts General Hospital, Bos life of devoted companionship, Mr. and ton, 1903-04, is director of the depart Mrs. Hamilton were separated by death, ment and Professor of Orthopedic Sur when Mr. Hamilton passed away on April gery in New York Post-Graduate Med 27, 1875, and Mrs. Hamilton, who was ical School and Hospital, and also at the known as a pure, devoted Christian, and University of Vermont, and formerly in whose life should be an inspiration to structor in Orthopedic Surgery at Colum all, followed her husband in death, on bia University, and also Assistant Profes May 7, 1885, and they were both laid to sor (head of department) of Orthopedic rest in Swan Point Cemetery. Surgery in Cornell Medical College. Dr.

126 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Albce spent 1908 and 1909 abroad, attend York), the Muhlenberg Hospital, at ing clinics in Orthopedic Surgery in Vi Plainfield, New Jersey, Waterbury (Con enna, Berlin, Paris, Liverpool and Lon necticut) Hospital, the Mary Fletcher don. During 1910-12, he began to make Hospital, Burlington, Vermont, the Lu experiments in bone-growth and bone- theran Hospital, New York, and the New graft for immobilization of spine in dogs, Jersey State Hospital at Trenton. In the sheep and rabbits, and his discoveries in field of authorship and on subjects closely the use of bone-graft in the treatment of allied to his specialty, Dr. Albee is a pro tubercular joint disease, especially of the lific writer as well as a liberal contributor spine, are achievements known through to the current literature of the profession, out the medical world. In 1909 Dr. Albee some of his more important productions presented the first operation of the many being as follows : he had devised before the International Medical Congress at Budapest, Hungary, 1. "Skiagraphy in Orthopedic Surgery" (Med. Rec., Dec. 28, 1907). and in 1 913 he presented papers on the 2. "Diagnosis Orthopedic Surgery Case Teach subject before the International Medical ing" (1908). Congress at London, and the same year 3. "Osteomyelitis" (N. Y. Med. Jour., June 6, was invited to give clinics in London, Par 1908). is, Birch Sur Mer, France, and Berlin. Dr. 4. "Epiphyseal Fracture of the Upper End of Albee to-day is a specialist whose advice the Humerus." Two cases successfully treated by a new method. (Post-Graduate, June, 1908). is widely sought in the treatment of all 5. "A Study of the Anatomy, and the Clinical diseases of bones, joints, muscles, tendons Importance of the Sacro-iliac Joint" (Amer. Med. and facial deformities, and in 1914 was Assn., Oct. 16, 1909). honored by an invitation to appear be 6. "Fracture of the Tarsal Bones" (N. Y. State fore the German Orthopedic Association Jour, of Med., Nov., 191 1). 7. "A new method for Osteo-Arthritis of the at their congress in Berlin, where he pre Hip" (Amer. Med. Jour., June, 1908). sented original bone work as the opening 8. "A Further Report on a New Operation for paper of the congress, receiving that year Arthritis Deformans and Certain Other Deform the distinction of honorary membership ing Affections of the Hip" (Surg. Gyn. & Obst., in the German Orthopedic Association. In March, 1910). 9. "Report of Two Cases of Recurrent Disloca 1916 he was invited by the French War tion of the Shoulder Successfully Operated Upon ; Office to demonstrate his methods in bone With Description of the Technic" (Amer. Jour, of plasty in the various military hospitals of Surg., July, 1908). France, and the same year was invited to 10. "Abstract-Osteoplasty for Pott's Disease" present the same demonstration before (Amer. Orth. Folder, May 15, 1911). 11. "Transplantation of a Portion of the Tibia the Royal Medical Society of London. into the Spine for Pott's Disease" (Jour. Amer. His superior skill in his chosen field of Med. Assoc, Sept. 9, 1911). practice has made his services much Î2. "Juxta Epiphyseal Fracture of the Upper sought by many leading institutions, some End of the Femur, The Importance of the use of of his hospital appointments being as fol Position in its treatment" (Amer. Jour, of Orth. Surg., Feb., 1911). lows: Orthopedic Surgeon to the New 13. "A Report of Bone Transplantation and Os York Post-Graduate Medical School and teoplasty in the Treatment of Pott's Disease of Hospital; consulting surgeon to Haw the Spine (N. Y. Med. Jour., Mar. 9, 1912). thorne Hospital, Staten Island Hospital 14. "A Case of Gumma of the Shoulder" (Post- (New York), the Memorial Hospital Grad., Mar., 1912). 15. "Charcot's Artheopathy" (Jour. Med. Soc., (Newark), the Sea View Hospital (New New Jersey, 1912). i*7 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

16. "Bone Transplantation as a Treatment of 36. "A Further Report of Original Uses of the Pott's Disease, Club Feet, and Ununited Fractures" Bone Graft, as a Treatment for Ununited Frac (Post-Grad., Nov., 1912). tures, Certain Deformities, and Pott's Disease" 17. "Juxta-Epiphyseal Fracture of the Upper (A report of one hundred and seventy-five cases) End of the Humerus, A New Postural Treat (Pacific Med. Jour., Nov., 1913). ment" (Med. Rea, May 4, 1912). 37. "Stero-Clinic" — Edited by Howard Kelly, 18. "A Report of Osteoplasty and Bone Trans and Published by Southworth Company, section plantation in Pott's Disease of the Spine" (Ver IX, 1913. mont Med. Mthly., April, 1912). 38. "Meine Verwendung der Knochentransplan 19. "An Experimental Study of Bone Growth, tation, Verhandl. d. deutsch Orthop," Gesellsch, and the Spinal Bone Transplant" (Jour. Amer. 1915, XXXV, 112. Med. Assoc, April 5, 1913). 39. "A Statistical Study of 539 cases of Pott's 20. Co-Author, "Taylor's Orthopedic Surgery," Disease, Treated by the Bone Graft" (Amer. Jour, 1909. of Orth. Surg., Mar., 1916). 21. "Greffe d'un partie du tibia sur l'épine dor 40. Author— "Bone Graft Surgery," Pub., Saun sal dans le traitement du Mal de Port" (Revue de ders Pub. Co., 1915. Chirurgie, July 10, 1913). 41. "Bone Graft Wedge, Its Use in the Treat 22. "Knochentransplantation bei tuberkuloser ment of Relapsing, Acquired and Congenital Dis Spondylitis— Zeitschieft f. Orthopädisch" (Chir location of the Hip" (N. Y. Med. Jour., Aug. 28, urgie, 1913). I9JS). 23. "Transplantation de Parte de la Tibia a la 42. Author— "Johnson's Orthopedic and Bone Espina Dorsal Como Tratamiento Del Mal de and Graft Surgery." Pott" (Revista de Med. Y. Cirigia, Habana, Nov. 43. Co-author— "Military Orthopedics," pub 25, 1912). lished by the Government. 24. "The Inlay Bone Graft as a Treatment of 44. "Orthopedic and Reconstruction Surgery, Ununited Fracture" ; a Report of Fifteen Success Military and Civilian," Pub., Saunders Pub. Co. ful Cases (Amer. Jour, of Surg., Jan., 1914). In recognition of his distinguished 25. "The Inlay Bone Graft in Fresh Fractures" (N. Y. Med. Jour., May 23, 1914). achievements in medical science the Uni 26. "Original Surgical Uses of the Bone Graft" versity of Vermont, in 1916, conferred (Surg. Gyn. and Obst., June, 1914). upon Dr. Albee the dignity of Sc.D., and 27. "The Inlay Bone Graft, versus Lane Plates in 1917 Bowdoin College conferred upon in the Treatment of Fractures" (Amer. Jour, of him the same honor. Dr. Albee is a mem Surg., Mar., 1915). 28. "The Fundamental Principles Involved in ber of the American Orthopedic Associa the use of the Bone Graft" (Amer. Jour, of Med. tion ; the American Medical Association ; Sei., Mar., 1915). corresponding member of the German 29. "The Bone Graft Peg in the Treatment of Orthopedic Association ; member of the Fractures of Neck of Femur" (Annals of Surg., New York Academy of Medicine (former July, 1915). 30. "The Bone Graft Wedge in the Treatment ly chairman Orthopedic section) ; Boyle- of Habitual Dislocation of the Patella" (Med. ston Medical Society ; Harvard Alumni Rec., Aug. 14, 1915). Medical Society; Washington Heights 31. "An Electro Motor Bone Outfit and Technic Medical Society, and the following clubs : of its Usage" (Boston Med. & Surg. Jour., Aug. Progress Medical, Harvard Club of New- 19. I915)- 32. Bone and Joint Surgery— Johnson-Operative York, and the Colonia Country Club, of Therapeusia," 1915. which he has been a director since 1908 33. "The Inlay Bone Graft in the Treatment of and president 1914-15. At Colonia, New Fractures, Joint Tuberculosis and Certain De Jersey, where he maintains a country res formities" (The Lancet Clinics, April, 1915). idence, he was lighting commissioner in 34. "Original Uses of Bone Graft" (Con densed) (Detroit Med. Jour., Feb., 1915). 1914-15; fire commissioner, 1915-16, and 35. "Original Surgical Uses of Bone Graft" was first lieutenant of the Medical Re (Penna. Med. Jour., Feb., 1915). serve Corps, 1910-16, and is at present 128

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY major in the Medical Officers Reserve part, by Mr. Gribbel's sagacity and fore Corps, and a member of the Orthopedic sight. Since becoming head of this con Advisory Council to the Surgeon-Gener cern, the sphere of his interests has grad al, chief surgeon of the United States ually widened to such an extent as to as Army General Hospital No. 3, Colonia sume a national character and to include New Jersey. gas, electric and street railway utilities, On February 2, 1907, at Grace Church, operating in several parts of the United New York City, Dr. Albee was married to States. Among the most prominent of Luella May Berry, a daughter of William Mr. Gribbel's gas interests is the Brook Everett and Eliza Jane (Marsh) Berry. lyn Borough Gas Company, of which he is vice-president. He is president of the Royal Electroptye Company, and a direc GRIBBEL, John, tor of the Girard National Bank, the Real Estate Trust Company, the Pennsylvania Man of Affaira, Litterateur. Sugar Company and the National Prop John Gribbel, of Philadelphia, is a type erties Company, which controls among of man born to leadership and to leader other projects the Wilmington and Ches ship in many spheres. So complex would ter railways and the American Railways necessarily be any description of him in a System. He was president of the Fair- single phrase as to make it clearly evident mount Savings Trust Company until that that the character and work of such a man concern was absorbed by a larger finan are best set forth in the simple and un cial institution. Mr. Gribbel is also a di adorned narrative of the deeds which have rector of the United Gas and Electric given him an international reputation. Corporation of New York; president of John Gribbel was born March 29, 1858, the Tampa Gas Company, Florida; the in Hudson City, New Jersey, and is a Helena Gas and Electric Company, Ar son of James and Anna (Simmons) Grib kansas ; the Corpus Christi Electric Com bel. After preparatory courses of study pany, Texas; and the Athens Gas Com he entered the College of the City of New pany, Georgia. He is a member of the York, remaining until 1876. In that year American Gas Institute and the Associa he found employment in the Importers' tion of Illuminating Engineers. Many and Traders' National Bank of New years ago Mr. Gribbel became interested York City, transferring his services, in in the Curtis Publishing Company, of 1877, to the Leather Manufacturers' Bank Philadelphia, of which he is a director, in the same city. After remaining with and so had a close business and personal the latter institution until 1883, Mr. Grib association with Cyrus H. K. Curtis for a bel went to Philadelphia as agent for Har long time before they purchased, in part ris, Griffin & Company, manufacturers of nership, the "Public Ledger" of Philadel gas meters. In 1890 the firm was reor phia. This was at the end of 1912. In ganized under its present name of John September, 1914, Mr. Gribbel severed his J. Griffin & Company, and Mr. Gribbel connection, resigning the office of vice- was admitted to a junior partnership. Two president and leaving the management years later he became sole owner of the wholly in the hands of Mr. Curtis. business, which continues under the same Politically Mr. Gribbel is an indepen firm name and ownership and has been dent Republican, and in December, 1914, notably successful, rendered so in large was elected president of the Union

129 A.B.— 6-9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

League, retiring at the expiration of three dren : Wakeman Griffin, Idella L., John terms in that office. His other clubs are В., and Elizabeth. the Lotos, of New York ; the University, Art, City, Five O'Clock and Bachelors' Barge, all of Philadelphia. He belongs PRITCHARD, William Broaddus, to the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Medico-Legal Expert, Author. serving as a member of the council. His religious membership is in the Methodist William Broaddus Pritchard, M. D., Episcopal church, and he is a trustee of specialist in neurology, Professor of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Con Mental and Nervous Diseases in the New necticut, which university conferred upon York Polyclinic Medical School, is an em him the degree of Master of Arts. He has inent medico-legal expert. A profound received also from Temple University of student of mental and nervous diseases, Philadelphia the honorary degree of Dr. Pritchard was for many years the LL.D. expert of the United States district at Large and engrossing as are Mr. Grib- torney's office of New York in all cases bel's responsibilities as a man of affairs involving a medico-legal issue, and it is it would be a serious mistake to think of perhaps as an expert that Dr. Pritchard him in that character only. Apart from is best known to the lay public through business his greatest interest is in the his connection with several celebrated study and collection of American Colonial cases, including the Thaw case, the Eno historical documents and of seventeenth will contest, the Townsend murder and century English books and engravings, other cases of importance. valuable for their rarity and their intrin William B. Pritchard was born in Bal sic worth. His lectures on these subjects timore, Maryland, June 12, 1862, a son are replete with interest and information, of Thomas Henderson and Fannie Guliel- notably one on Robert Burns which he ma (Brinson) Pritchard. The father of delivered before the Historical Society of Dr. Pritchard was a former Doctor of Pennsylvania. Divinity, an eminent Divine of the Bap His enthusiasm for Scotland's greatest tist church. Dr. Pritchard comes of an an poet was the origin of the most note cient and honorable ancestry in this coun worthy episode of Mr. Gribbel's literary try. His genealogy connects him with experience. In 191 3 he found the famous Scotch-Welsh-Huguenot ancestors, but "Glen Riddell Manuscripts" of Burns of the Pritchard family may be considered fered for sale in the United States and American, as many generations of the discovered that they had been sold pri family have been born in America. The vately to a London dealer by the Liver ancestry of this family also leads back to pool "Athenaeum." Mr. Gribbel pur Richard Henderson, who held a grant of chased the manuscripts and presented nearly all the territory now embraced in them to the Scotch people in perpetual the states of Kentucky and Tennessee, trusteeship, to be held alternately five and employed Daniel Boone to explore years by Edinburgh and Glasgow. Kentucky, as his representative ; also in Mr. Gribbel married, January 8, 1880, the paternal line of Dr. Pritchard's ances Elizabeth Bancker, daughter of Arnold try are others who were prominent in and Sarah Louise (Reynolds) Wood, and early Colonial history of the State of they are the parents of the following chil North Carolina, the records showing that

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Alexander Martin, one of his ancestors, until 1896. Dr. Pritchard is a member of was governor of the State, also Leonard the following medical societies and or Henderson, who was a judge, and two ganizations: The State Medical Society, congressmen. New York Academy of Medicine, Ameri William B. Pritchard received a liberal can Medical Society, New York County classical education, attending the primary Medical Association, New York Neuro schools, Raleigh (North Carolina) Mili logical Society, the New York Society of tary Academy, and Wake Forest College, Jurisprudence, and the New York Phy North Carolina, where he spent four sicians Mutual Aid Association. He was years, from 1877 to 1881. In 1882 he en also affiliated with the Medical Society tered upon the study of medicine with Dr. of the State of North Carolina, New Han J. B. Marvin, of Louisville, Kentucky, and over County (North Carolina) Medical also attended lectures at the Hospital Society, of which he was secretary in College of Medicine at Louisville, and the 1884, the New York Southern Society, the Kentucky School of Medicine of the same New York St. David's Society, and the place. Later he went to Baltimore, Mary Kappa Alpha (Southern order) fraternity. land, and entered the College of Phy In the field of authorship, Dr. Pritchard sicians and Surgeons of that city, gradu has contributed much to the medical liter ating therefrom with the degree of M. D. ature that has been of interest and value After receiving his degree, Dr. Pritchard to the profession. In 1890 he was asso practiced his profession for some time at ciate editor of the "Universal Annual of Wilmington, North Carolina, afterwards the Medical Sciences," in which he wrote removing to Faison, in the same State, and edited the section on diseases of the where he practiced until 1887. In that brain, and has continued his relations year he came to New York City, where he through the various transitions with that engaged in the private practice of his publication. Among his most noteworthy profession, in which he has successfully articles are: "Disseminated Sclerosia" continued to the present time. In 1888 (published in Keating's Encyclopedia of Dr. Pritchard decided to make a specialty the Diseases of Children) ; "Cerebral Tu of neurology, and took a post-graduate berculosis," (International Clinics, Vol. 1, course at the New York Polytechnic. In second series) ; "Cerebro Spinal Menin 1893 he was appointed adjunct professor gitis" (New York Polyclinic, February, of Mental and Nervous Diseases at the î893) ; "Melancholia," and other papers New York Polytechnic Medical School published in the "American System of and Hospital, where he has since been Medicine," by Loomis and Thompson. connected, at the present time being Pro Dr. Pritchard married in 1886, Virginia fessor of Mental and Nervous Diseases, M. Faison, of Faison, North Carolina. and neurologist of that institution. He is also consulting neurologist to the S. R. Smith Infirmary, St. Vincent's, Staten SMITH, Seth MacCuen, Island, and Knickerbocker hospitals. In Physician, Scientist, Author. 1894 he was appointed chief medical ex aminer, and later assistant medical direc Dr. Seth MacCuen Smith, Professor of tor in the United States for the Nederland Otology in Jefferson Medical College, Life Insurance Company, of Amsterdam, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, stands to-day Holland, in which capacity he remained as one of the most distinguished repre 131 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

sentatives of the medical fraternity in his thenceforth continuously retained, until own special and chosen field of service. 1904, when he was chosen Professor of Devoted before all to the work of his pro Otology, his present position. The same fession, Dr. Smith has also many other year he was elected aurist to the Jewish interests which keep him in touch with Hospital of Philadelphia. During the the various elements of the life of his years which have since intervened, Dr. home city. Smith has spent much time abroad, de Seth MacCuen Smith was born March voting himself to study pertaining to his 6, 1863, in Hollidaysburg, Blair county, special work to which he has given his Pennsylvania, and is a son of Dr. George exclusive attention for the last twenty- Washington and Elizabeth (MacCuen) eight years. His professional reputation Smith. Dr. Smith was a prominent phy is international. sician of Hollidaysburg and widely known Dr. Smith has been a constant contrib throughout Central and Western Penn utor to the literature embracing the spe sylvania. Mrs. Smith was a daughter of cialties of Otolarynology. Some of the Judge Seth MacCuen, also of Hollidays principal contributions are: "The neces burg, a descendant of ancestors who emi sity for early recognition and treatment grated from Scotland to the United States of suppurative diseases of the tympanum, and settled in Blair county, Pennsylvania. and their relation to cerebral complica The literary and classical education of tions;" "Mastoid empyema without the Seth MacCuen Smith was received in Hol usual objective symptoms;" "Meniere's lidaysburg Academy and under private in Disease ;" "Some aural complications of structors, and he then entered Jefferson influenza;" "Bezold's variety of mastoid Medical College, graduating in 1884. Im disease complicating diabetes mellitus ;" mediately thereafter he was elected resi "Meningitis: Its symptomatology, diag dent physician in the Germantown Hos nosis und treatment, with report of a pital, where he served for eighteen case," "Specialism in its relation to gen months, entering at the end of that time, eral medicine;" "Accessory sinuses and in Germantown, upon the active work of their relation to stomatology ;" "Cases il a general practitioner. While thus en lustrating the results of the so-called gaged Dr. Smith, during the ensuing five Heath operation ;" "Purulent diseases of years, devoted much of his attention to the middle ear ; the treatment of menin special study of diseases of the ear, nose geal, sinus and labyrinthine complica and throat. In 1886 a department for tions;" "The importance of cerebral the treatment of these ailments was es lesions complicating suppurative otitis tablished at the Germantown Hospital, media;" "A note on the aural manifesta and Dr. Smith was chosen surgeon-in- tions of myxedema;" "A note on brain charge. The same year brought him a abscess formations, with report of cases ;" still wider field of labor, by his election as "Indications for surgical interference for clinical chief of the Department of Otol the relief of otitic meningitis;" "The ogy at Jefferson Medical College, a posi teaching of otolaryngology in undergrad tion which he retained until 1893, when uate and postgraduate medical schools;" he was made clinical lecturer on otology "A consideration of otitis meningitis in in the same institution. The following children;" "The end-results of the rad year he became a member of the faculty ical mastoid operation ;" "Some phases of by his advancement to the position of aural diseases ;" etc. In addition to the clinical professor of otology, which he above, Dr. Smith edited the American

132

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY edition of the Briihl-Politzer Atlas and gan) Allen, the former a well known man Epitome of Otology ; he wrote the chap ufacturer and the founder of the large ter on "The treatment of diseases of Sherwood Knitting Mills, one of the most the ear and tympanic membranes," in extensive and modern concerns devoted "Modern Treatment by American and to the production of hosiery and fancy English Authorities" (Hare) ; and the goods to be found in the United States. chapter on "Diseases of the Middle Ear" Dr. and Mrs. Smith are the parents of in "Sajous's Analytic Cyclopedia of Prac three children: George Allen, Elizabeth tical Medicine" (Sajous). MacCuen, and Lewis MacCuen. The professional organizations in whicb Dr. Smith is enrolled include the College of Physicians of Philadelphia; the WOOD, Edwin Orin, American Otological Society; the Amer U. S. Treasury Official, Author. ican Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, of which he was pres Edwin Orin Wood, editor, man of affairs ident in 1916; Fellow of the American and successful business man of New York College of Surgeons, the American Med City, and Flint, Michigan, whose death ical Association, the American Academy on April 22, 1918, at Passadena, Califor of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, nia, was felt as a severe loss by a host and the Medical Society of the State of of personal friends in two communities Pennsylvania. His clubs are the Union and by those communities-at-large, was League, University, Philadelphia Cricket a member of an old family which has and Germantown Cricket. He is a mem made its home in this country since pre- ber of the Presbyterian church. Revolutionary days. His ancestors fought The personality of Dr. Smith, as his in the War for American Independence portrait shows, is that of a devoted phy and seem to have possessed in a very sician and an earnest scientist, a student large measure the spirit of the pioneers, and a man who knows how to apply the and were ever moving out from the more knowledge gained from books and per settled regions of the country and seek sonal observation. He is progressive, but ing the frontier. Mr. Wood's parents, deliberate, always verifying every con Thomas Parmelee and Paulina Wood, clusion and clinching every argument. He were Michigan pioneers, having removed is not without the magnetic quality so to that State from Western New York necessary to success in his profession and prior to the Civil War. They settled at the number of his friends both within and the town of Goodrich, Michigan, and without its pale would be difficult to there made their home until their deaths, compute. The reputation which Dr. Smith their married life extending over a period has built up for himself places him, in of sixty-two years. deed, in the foremost rank of the practi Born at Goodrich, Genesee county, tioners of his city and State, but it does Michigan, Edwin Orin Wood passed his much more, it entitles him to stand be childhood there, attending the local public fore the world in the group of those phy school, and in addition pursued the study sicians who belong to the nation. of Latin and Greek outside of school Dr. Smith married, October 24, 1889, in hours under the direction of the Rev. Mr. Germantown, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Saunderson, a Congregational minister in daughter of John and Elizabeth (Mor the town. Having completed his studies 133 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY at the local institution he studied for a the second administration of Grover year at the Saginaw High School, after Cleveland as President of the United which, abandoning his formal education, States. The following May he was as he sought and secured a position in the signed to special work on the Pacific general mercantile establishment con coast and at once became very active ducted at Goodrich by D. M. Scriver, Seth in his new duties. He seized the steamer B. Pixley and D. W. and William Camp "Haytien Republic" for violation of the bell. After working here for a time he revenue and immigration laws and a long went to Metamore, Michigan, and there law suit followed. More than thirty-two took a similar position in the store of persons were made prisoners on this oc Levi Campbell. He did not remain a casion and were indicted by a special great while at either of these establish grand jury called by Mr. Wood's re ments, however, but secured a clerical quest. The case resulting from this in position in the clothing store of George dictment was tried before the United W. Buckingham, of Flint, Michigan, and States District Court at Portland, Ore thus first became acquainted with the gon, and resulted in favor of the Gov town that was afterwards to be his home ernment, but was appealed, first, in the for so many years. The latter place he United States Circuit Court of Appeals held for a period of five years and then, at San Francisco, and then in the United in 1885, he was appointed a railway mail States Supreme Court. Both of these tri clerk, but shortly after resigned in order bunals upheld the decision of the lower to accept a position as traveling sales court. Mr. Wood was able to prove that man for the wholesale grocery firm of W. there was a smuggling ring which in J. Gould & Company of Detroit, Michi cluded a number of federal officers and gan. Another five years was spent in this the owners of the Merchants Steamship employment, and he was then chosen the Company, one of the vessels of which representative for Michigan of the New was the "Haytien Republic," which he York clothing concern of Hackett, Car- had captured, that this ring had through hart & Company. their operations defrauded the Govern Mr. Wood had already become a well ment of a sum amounting to three hun known figure in local affairs, and it was dred and sixty thousand dollars in the in March, 1893, that his purely business course of seven months. Mr. Wood was career was interrupted by his appointment thanked personally by President Cleve to a very important post in the public ser land for his notable services in the case, vice. The young man had displayed so and he followed it up with other cases much ability and initiative in his dealing which, if less in magnitude, had cumula with home affairs that he attracted to tive force so that it was acknowledged to himself the favorable notice of no less a have dealt the smuggling and other illicit man than the late Don M. Dickinson, interests in that part of the country a very leader of the Democratic party in Mich severe blow. In 1897, however, Mr. igan for many years and a power in na Wood resigned his post as special agent tional affairs. It was upon the recom for the Treasury, although he was espe mendation of this gentleman that Mr. cially urged to remain by General O. L. Wood was appointed the special agent of Spaulding, Assistant Secretary of the the United States Treasury by Secretary Treasury. of the Treasury John G. Carlisle during Mr. Wood had begun his career as a 134 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY public officer very auspiciously, and from He was also offered a membership on the tKis time on his activities in this realm Michigan State Tax Commission by Gov were at least as great and of even more ernor Chase S. Osborn, but found it importance than those connected with his necessary to decline the honor. The inter private business. He did not, of course, ests of Mr. Wood in historical matters, neglect the latter, however, but even his especially in connection with his native business ventures in many cases were of region, had made him an active member a semi-public nature. Such was the case of the Genesee County Pioneer and His of the Loyal Guard, a fraternal benefici torical Society, and upon the creation of ary society that has since attained nation the Michigan Historical Commission in al prominence. Mr. Wood was one of a 1913 by Governor Woodbridge N. Fer group of men who founded this important ris, he was named one of its members. organization, and he was the moving In 1916 he was chosen its president. In spirit in the matter to such an extent that 1913 he was also made a member of the he was elected its first president and held Mackinac Island State Park Commission that office many years. The part played by Governor Ferris, and served as vice- by him as president of the Loyal Guard president of that body until his resigna brought him into wide prominence in this tion in 1916. In 1914 he was appointed line of work and he was chosen president by Governor Ferris a delegate to the of the National Fraternal Press Associa Centenary Peace Commission, and the tion and the next year of the National Fra next year was a member of the Board ternal Congress. During this time he was of Arbitration representing Flint in the also very active in Democratic politics in controversy over the price of gas to be Michigan, and served for a considerable charged the public by the company. This period as the president of the Genesee finally resulted in a reduction of the price County Democratic Committee. In 1904 from one dollar to eighty-five cents. he was elected chairman of the Demo It was in 1910 that Mr. Wood was cratic State Central Committee and was named a vice-president of the General reelected to this position in 1912 and Motors Company, and thus became asso 1916. He was delegate to the Democratic ciated with a concern of which he was National Convention held in Denver in still an officer at the time of his death. 1908, a delegate-at-large and chairman of He did, to be sure, resign from the com the delegation in 1912 and a delegate-at- pany when control of it was placed in the large again in 1916. Following the latter hands of a voting trust, but in 191 5 he once convention, which was held at St. Louis, more became connected withW.C. Durant, Mr. Wood found it necessary to resign president of the concern, and the follow from the many committees of which he ing year was chosen a director. Another was an officer, as his business affairs re important concern with which Mr. Wood quired much of his time and made it es was connected was the Industrial Savings sential that he should live to a great ex Bank of Flint, it being his efforts that tent in New York City. He was, how secured the required stock subscriptions ever, appointed by Governor Fred M. which resulted in its organization. Warner, of Michigan, to the commission In addition to the many affiliations al selected to purchase a silver service for ready mentioned, Mr. Wood was a mem the battleship "Michigan," which had ber of a large number of organizations of just been christened in honor of the State. a fraternal character and was especially 135 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY prominent as a Free Mason. He had tak Treasury service in which he made so en his thirty-third degree in this order, great a reputation. A long friendship fol and was a member of all the important lowed and yet, when Mr. Wood found Masonic bodies in that part of the coun that his conviction led along other paths try, including the Lodge, Chapter, Roy from that which Mr. Dickinson chose, he al Arch Masons; Council, Royal and took them unhesitatingly. This was the Select Masters ; Genesee Commandery, case in his support of William Jennings Knights Templar; and Temple, An Bryan, which was wholehearted and ar cient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mys dent, but which led him away from many tic Shrine. He was president of the Pio of his old political associates. How great neer Guard of Michigan Consistory, and ly he was trusted and admired by these a member of "Old Guard" of Genesee associates is shown in the fact that he Commandery, Knights Templar, and of was the choice of his party for governor many other Masonic bodies. Outside of of the State in one election and was prom the Masonic order he was affiliated with inently mentioned by them as candidate the Benevolent and Protective Order of for the vice-presidency of the United Elks and several other fraternal societies. States. It was Mr. Wood who, in company with Another very important activity of Mr. other members of a committee, raised the Wood was that performed by him as an necessary funds to build the Masonic author and historian. His great interest Temple at Flint, and he remained a mem in the subject of history has already been ber of its board of trustees from its in mentioned, and he was connected with ception until his resignation in 191 5. many societies of a historical character The mere record of offices held, or even and other scientific organizations. Be of material achievements accomplished, sides those given above were the Ameri by Mr. Wood can give no adequate idea can Museum of National History, the of his real influence in the community American Geographical Society, the or of his peculiar talent as a leader of American Historical Association, the men. He was one with whom it was easy American-Irish Historical Society, the for other men to get along, and yet they Michigan State Press Association, the invariably felt that back of his affable New York Historical Society, the Mis exterior and easy manners there was a sissippi Valley Historical Society, and the will as inflexible as steel which would State Historical Societies of Michigan, show itself wherever he might feel that a Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and matter of principle was involved. This Minnesota. He was the author of "His was well shown in his political life, where toric Mackinac," a delightful story of the his adherence to what he considered his growth and development of that roman duties to the people and the State was tic region, which combines with its great absolute. In the case of his long friend literary merit the accuracy and fullness ship with Mr. Dickinson, the State Dem that gives it great value as a reference ocratic leader, it was strikingly illustrat book. He has also written a "History of ed. As a young man he had won the Genesee County, Michigan," and a great approbation of the man who then, more number of shorter articles on the history than any other, controlled the actions of of Michigan and the old Northwestern the party in Michigan, and was aided by Territory. Notre Dame University of him to the position in the United States Indiana conferred on Mr. Wood in 1916 136 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the honorary degree of LL. D. He was to be reckoned with when weighty matters were a great reader, and his private library under discussion. Mr. Wood's outlook was wide, his interest in furthering what he considered the contained about twelve thousand vol best welfare of his country deep and sincere, his umes. Mr. Wood's clubs were the Na methods practical, his fund of common sense tional Democratic, the Manhattan Club of large, and he was held in general esteem as a man. New York City, the Rocky Mountain His final retirement was altogether voluntary and Club of New York City, the Elks Club, was a matter of widespread regret both inside and the Authors League of America, the outside the State, for even those not of his own political persuasion felt that he had given Michi Beaux Arts Club, and the Sons of the gan a place of respect and influence and had ac American Revolution. complished many things which the commonwealth Edwin Orin Wood was united in mar could contemplate with satisfaction. riage, December 17, 1889, at Flint, Michi Mr. Wood was in truth a great lover of Mi gan, with Emily Crocker, a daughter of chigan. He loved the land, he loved its history, he was a persistent student of the latter, delight Stephen and Prudence Crocker, pioneer ing to delve into the early data of this region. His residents of Genesee county. Four chil services as a member of various historical socie dren were born to them as follows: ties and as a member of the Mackinac Island Dwight Hulbert, who met his death in an board of park commissioners afforded him op accident at Flint when but fourteen years portunities of providing his devotion in many practical ways and reacted valuably upon his of age ; Albert Crocker, who also met his manner of viewing purely political projects. death in an accident in 1915 ; Leland Stan Many people disagreed with Mr. Wood and his ford, mentioned below ; and Mary В., born beliefs, but they all respected him. December 1, 1897. Another editorial was as follows: Leland Stanford Wood was born De Gloom overspread many hearts last Tuesday cember 14, 1894, at Flint, and was edu morning when news arrived of the death of Ed cated at the Lawrenceville Preparatory win O. Wood (LL. D.) who passed away at Pasa School, from which he graduated in 1912, dena, California, the day before. the Detroit University School, where he Dr. Wood had many titles of distinction. He completed his preparation for college in was conspicuously successful in the world of bus iness; he had attained notable position in public 1913, and finally the University of Michi life, having been for many years Democratic Na gan, from which he graduated with the tional Committeeman for the State of Michigan. class of 1916. Upon completing his stud He had a marked taste for scholarship and for ies he became assistant sales manager of many years was a member of the Michigan His the Chevrolet Motor Company of New torical Commission. He is the author of import ant historical studies, and at the time of his death York. He is now an ensign in the United was engaged upon a monumental work which States Navy, on board the United States alone would keep his memory alive. He was a Steamship "Niagara." gentleman of infinite charm ; his mind at once It will be appropriate to close this brief strong, delicate and elevated, and no one who sketch with quotations from several spent even a few moments in his presence could sources of words spoken at the time of ever forget his exquisite qualities. Mingled with those great characteristics was a generous na Mr. Wood's untimely death. The follow ture, a refined and beautiful spirit, and a kindli ing editorial appeared under the caption ness of heart which made him memorable and be of "One of Michigan's Good Citizens :" loved among his multitude of friends. Notre Dame has special reasons to be grateful to him Edwin O. Wood was a big figure in Michigan and to remember him prayerfully, as he has been Democracy for many years, and throughout more one of the most conspicuous benefactors of the than half of his more than quarter century career University within recent years. in politics he was a familiar and influential figure We offer the bereaved family assurance of in the national counsels of his party and a man deepest sympathy in this hour of saddest trial. 137 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

STREKER, Joseph A., SIEMS, Chester Peter,

Dentist. Leader in Transportation Affairs. Dr. Streker, since 1916, has been en Chester Peter Siems, one of the most gaged in professional practice in the city conspicuous figures in the development of Providence, Rhode Island, and during of railroads in the United States and the three years which have since inter connected with railroad engineering in vened he has gained public confidence, this and foreign countries, was born in and ministers to a high class clientele. He St. Paul, Minnesota, November 4, 1884. is a son of Charles H. and Catherine In the summer of 1916 he became a resi Streker, his father born in Indiana, his dent of New York City. Mr. Siems made mother in Providence. They were the for himself a place in the financial and parents of nine children, five sons and business world which might well have three daughters now living (1919). His been the goal of a long life of consistent brother, Dr. William S. Streker, served effort, but which he reached almost at in the Medical Corps, United States Ar once and which shows, as no words can, my, stationed at Camp Meade, Maryland, the extraordinarly brilliant qualities of his with the rank of first lieutenant, was hon mind. Mr. Siems was the son of Peter orably discharged in May, 1919, and has Siems, deceased, who came to the United resumed medical practice at No. 1404 States from Denmark in 1865. The moth Westminster street, Providence. er of Mr. Siems, Josephine (Gleason) Joseph A. Streker was born in Provi Siems, was a member of an old and dis dence, Rhode Island, April 2, 1893, and tinguished family here, being lineally de completed full public school courses of scended from Peregrine White, the first study with graduation from English High white child born in this country. School, class of 191 1. He then entered Mr. Siems was prepared for college at Tufts College Dental School, Boston, Phillips Andover Academy, later entered Massachusetts, whence he was graduated the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale D.M.D. in June, 1916. He at once began University, from which he graduated in practice in Providence, where he is well the class of 1907 with the degree of Ph. В.. established in the Jackson building, No. having won reputation as a keen and 511 Westminster street. He is an active earnest student. After his graduation he member of Hope Council, Knights of Co became a member of the engineering lumbus; Psi Omega college fraternity, corps of the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Metacomet Golf Club, Rhode Island Railroad. He remained with that con cern for about a year, having participated Dental Society, National Dental Associa in much of the difficult railroad construc tion, and interested in other civic and tion in that region. In the autumn of social organizations. On November 6, 1908 Mr. Siems joined with his father in 1917, he was commissioned first lieuten the formation of the firm of Siems & Com ant in the Dental Corps of the United pany, which executed large contracts for States Army, and held himself in readi various railroads in the West. After his ness for active service during the war withdrawal from this firm he was active period with Germany. in the organization of the Siems-Carey Dr. Streker married, in September, Company, and in August, 191 1, he be 1917, Susan Casey, of Providence. came president and treasurer of this com- 138

¿V fyï&fif/Jieme ¿Г S.-,-. yW" ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY pany. In February of the following year tracts with the United States Govern the Siems-Carey Company, Ltd., and the ment for the spruce lumber that was an Marsh-Siems-Carey Company, both con essential part of the United States air struction enterprises, were launched, and program during the World War. The to them Mr. Siems devoted himself with headquarters of this tremendous work, tireless energy, directing their operations necessitating the employment of ten thou for the leading lines of the Northwest, in sand men, was located at Mt. Pleasant, cluding the Great Northern, Northern Pa Washington, and named "Siems-Carey" cific and Grand Trunk Pacific railroads, in honor of the company. Mr. Siems' dil embracing all branches of railroad con igent application and unceasing industry struction. in this relation were the result of a high- The four years between 191 1 and 191 5 minded and selfsacrificing patriotism that were exceedingly well filled for him. His knew no limit, and in addition to the ex three companies grew to be organizations act fulfillment of the agreement of his of the first rank, but Mr. Siems felt that company with the government he made a they still fell short of his hopes, and it greater offering to his country, for in this was then that he set out to establish a work he contracted the illness that caused fourth. This took shape in the Siems- his death, on October 23, 1918, at his Carey Railway and Canal Company, and home, 563 Park avenue, New York City. which had its inception in July, 1916, and At this time there was also under con already has justified the expectations of struction a Canadian railroad, which is its founders. At the same time the China being completed by his associates of the Corporation was launched by the same Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Corporation. group, for the purpose of engaging in In the eleven years after leaving the business abroad. The effort promises to classroom few men have accomplished be productive of excellent results, and the more than Mr. Siems, who came to be China Corporation bids fair to be one of looked upon as one of the most active the large connecting links between the young men among the new generation of United States and commercial China. The executives in New York's big business Siems-Carey Railway and Canal Com circles. His several companies did a com pany have already under construction bined business running into very large more than two thousand miles of railway figures, and their administration carried in the Republic of China. with it responsibilities of a grave charac Mr. Siems was one of the organizers of ter. The progress and success of all these the American International Corporation, enterprises is the best indication of Mr. a fifty million dollar concern, and among Siems' brilliant abilities. his close associates in this enterprise were Mr. Siems was chairman of the board the late Major Willard D. Straight, James of directors of the Siems-Carey Railway W. Perkins, Galen Stone, of Boston, and Canal Company ; president and treas Frank A. Vanderlip, Philip W. Henry and urer of the Siems-Carey Company, Ltd. ; Charles Stone, of New York. director of the Marsh-Siems-Carey-Smith In the summer of 1918 Mr. Siems gave Company; vice-president and director of close personal supervision to the work of the China Corporation ; director of the the Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Corporation Pacific Development Company, and presi (of which Mr. Siems was president) — a dent of the Siems-Carey-Kerbaugh Cor new interest which held important con poration. 139 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Although the residence of Mr. Siems in Many a grizzled veteran of the railway con New York was comparatively short, he struction camps throughout the west shed a tear of sorrow at the news of his passing, for with was a member of the Yale Club, the In them, as with his business associates, boyhood dia House, the Bankers' Club of America, friendships had ripened into intimate attachments. the Knickerbocker Club of New Jersey, He placed many things above financial success the University Town and Country, Min as ideals to be lived for — among them the well be nesota, White Bear Yacht, and Lamprey ing of those whose lives be touched. Gun clubs of St. Paul, Minnesota, and He furthered great enterprises by virtue of his clear head and a fine standard of honorable deal the North Heckla Gun Club of South Da ing, yet he had ever an ear for the plaints of the kota. sorrowing and the lowly. In the death of as brilliant a young man Called away in the heyday of life, his passing as Mr. Siems, whose career seems to have has a peculiar sadness. There is no explaining barely entered upon the course destined strange and unexpected turns of the wheels of fate, but it is at least a heritage to those loved for it, the community feels it has sus ones he leaves behind that of him it is truly said: tained a great loss. His personality was modest and retiring, and his achievement He kept at true good nature's mark was the result of his proven ability and The gentle flow of life's strong tide; the extraordinary confidence which all He never made a brow grow dark Nor caused a tear, but when he died. those with whom he was associated felt — R. R. K." in him. His charming and forceful char acter won him a host of devoted friends Chester Peter Siems was married to and admirers. He possessed a keen sense Vernon Marguerite Magoffin, in St. Paul, of humor, which made him a delightful Minnesota, May n, 191 1. Their three companion. He was universally loved and children are : Vernon Marguerite, born universally mourned, and certainly de in St. Paul, November 7, 1913; Dorothy serves to be universally remembered. Shelby, born in St. Paul, September 24, It is eminently fitting that there should 1915; Chester P., Jr., born in New York follow this record of the life of Mr. Siems, City, December 22, 191 7. Mrs. Siems was an editorial appreciation penned by one of born in St. Paul, August 2, 1886, daughter his associates and published in the house of Samuel McAfee and Elizabeth Moran organ of one of his companions: (Rogers) Magoffin. Mrs. Siems is the granddaughter of Governor Beriah Ma It is with profound sorrow that "Spruce" is called upon to chronicle the death of Mr. Ches goffin, war governor of Kentucky, and a ter P. Siems. great-great-granddaughter of Governor Entirely apart from the fact that he was the Isaac Shelby, the first and fourth gover president of the organization whose membership nor of Kentucky, and on her mother's side Spruce represents ; that he was eminent in his is descended from the distinguished fam profession and highly esteemed in the large indus trial field in which he moved, he was a man of ilies of Rogers, Clay, Scott, Filmer, Bar kindly, lovable traits, possessed of a deep sense ber, Moran, Vernon and Williams, of of human sympathy and tenderness. Massachusetts, Virginia, Kentucky and Constant rubbing against the rough corners of Maryland, who are affiliated with many life did not dull the fine edge of Chester P. Siems of the greatest houses of England, Scot appreciation. Environment, no matter how rugged, land and France. Through the Filmer- left no scars on his gentle, amiable soul. On the contrary, the mellowing of time had added un Clays she is lineally descended from the selfishness to an already sympathetic nature. Norman and Saxon kings. 140 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

BAILEY, Henry Cooper, the spring of 1852, however, she set sail for the United States on the "Ocean Mon Woolen Manufacturer. arch," and after a voyage of several A comprehensive history of the manu weeks duration landed in New York City, facturing industries of New England in whither she went immediately to Dudley, the last century might be written in a Massachusetts, to make her home with series of biographies of the men who were her father-in-law, Henry Bailey. Her the founders and guiding spirits of the sons, Henry C, and James, who later be enterprises which were launched and car came a manufacturer and leading citi ried to success and world-wide import zen of Utica, New York, where he now ance during that period. While American resides, grew to young manhood on their inventive genius was in an overwhelming grandfather's farm in Dudley, after the measure responsible for the gigantic fashion of the ordinary country boy of the strides made in the manufacturing of period. Their opportunities for education woolen and cotton fabrics, it is also true were limited, for they attended school on that we owe to English enterprise the ly during the winter months. In the initial impetus which in many instances healthful outdoor labor of the farm, Hen laid the foundations of present flourishing ry C. Bailey laid the foundations of a rug and world renowned plants. The Caro ged constitution; the deficiency in edu lina Woolen Mills in Carolina, in the cational training he supplied in later life. State of Rhode Island, was founded by Following the marriage of his mother to English and American capitalists, who Henry Cattrell, he went to live in Bur- foresaw the rich resources of Hope Val rillville, Rhode Island, where at an early ley and the inexhaustible field which the age he began to learn the manufacturing United States offered for such industries. business. He gained his first experience The management of these mills has since in this field in a cotton mill at Harrisville, remained in the hands of Americans and but did not remain there long. He next Englishmen who from time to time have went to the Seagrave Mill in Graniteville, been called in as consultants on important where he worked for a time at spooling, problems. The late Henry Cooper Bail carrying yarn and tending gig, and where ey, for many years superintendent of the he obtained a thorough familiarity with Carolina Woolen Mills, and a well known the inner workings of the business in figure in manufacturing circles in Rhode which he was later to attain such great Island, was a native of England, and success. His interest in the mill, and his member of a family which for several evident ambition to advance himself, generations had engaged in milling enter brought him to the attention of James prises in England. Pierce, superintendent, who advanced him Henry Cooper Bailey was born in gradually to more responsible posts, des Trowbridge, England, December 12, 1846, pite his youth. In 1863, at the age of sev son of Henry and Martha (Cooper) Bail enteen years, he secured a position as ey. His father was one of the old time dresser tender in the woolen mill of S. L. spinners, and was employed in the mills and Thomas Sayles, at Mechanicsville, at Trowbridge until his death in 1849. Connecticut. Some time later he accepted The support of the three children de a position as boss dresser in a mill at volved upon the mother, who for three what was then Eaglesville, now Ver years remained in her English home. In sailles, Connecticut. Not content with 141 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY working in one department of the indus Henry C. Bailey was a prominent fig try, and wishing to broaden his experi ure in the life of Carolina from the earl ence so as to be able to take such a posi iest years of his connection with the Caro tion as that of superintendent, he left this lina Woolen Mill until his death. Al mill and went to Westerly, where he en though he remained strictly aloof from tered the employ of Rowse Babcock, in politics, he was nevertheless deeply in what was called the steam mill, to learn terested in the welfare and development designing. Here he made extremely rap of the little town, and identified himself id progress, and soon secured a position actively with all movements designed to as designer and assistant superintendent advance local interests. He was an early in another of the Babcock mills in West and staunch advocate of Prohibition, and erly. At the death of Rowse Babcock, a member of the Prohibition party, al Mr. Bailey left to become a boss weaver though in some issues he upheld the poli and designer in a mill at Potter Hill, cy of the Republicans. He was prominent owned by Rowse Babcock, Jr., and Al in Masonic circles and was a member of bert Babcock, sons of his former employ Pawtucket Lodge, Free and Accepted er. The product of this mill was fancy Masons; Narragansett Chapter, Royal cassimeres. Mr. Bailey was advanced to Arch Masons; Narragansett Council, the post of superintendent of the plant, Royal and Select Masters; Narragansett succeeding Mr. Holgate. In December, Commandery, Knights Templar, of West 1876, he went to Carolina, where he be erly ; and had attained the thirty-second came snuperintendent of the Carolina degree in the Scottish Rite bodies. In re Woolen Mill, a position which he held to ligious belief he was a Baptist and was within a few years of his death. Prob for many years one of the leading mem ably in no other mill in the State em bers of the Free Will Baptist Church at ploying as many as one hundred and fifty Carolina, and one of its trustees. He was operatives will the average length of ser deeply interested in Sabbath school work vice among the employees be found as and was a teacher and leader. great as in the Carolina Mills, where On October 16, 1871, Mr. Bailey mar many of the men have worked during ried, at Carolina, Rhode Island, Ellen their entire active life, and where the W. Mclnnis, daughter of Duncan and heads of depar'tments have come up from Agnes (Black) Mclnnis, both of whom the most humble positions. Many fam were natives of Scotland. Mrs. Bailey was ilies have been identified with the mill for born at Carolina, December 26, 1849, an(^ several generations, and there has grown makes her home in Hope Valley, Rhode up at Carolina a community of interests Island. She has been active and prom and motives quite unique. From 1876 inent for many years in the Free Will until 1909, Mr. Bailey was one of the Baptist Church. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey were vital figures in the management of the the parents of the following children: 1. Carolina Mills, in a large measure dictat Nellie, born September 19, 1874; was ed ing its policies. He was widely known in ucated at the Friends' School in Provi milling circles in the State, and had an dence, and at Eastman's Business College enviable reputation not only for executive at Poughkeepsie, New York; she mar and organizing ability but for the fairness ried, October 27, 1897, Charles E. Martin, and steadfast unswerving integrity which treasurer of the Rochester Optical Com characterized his every dealing in the pany, and they reside in that city with business world. their two children, Charles and Henry. 2. 142

би-Аллл ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Viola J., born July 15, 1876; received her land, where he remained one year. In preliminary education at the Friends' 1909 Mr. Bailey purchased the woolen School in Providence. She later entered mill of Youngman & Hammond at Hope the medical department of Cornell Uni Valley, formed the firm of Henry D. versity, from which she was graduated Bailey, and at once began the manufac with the degree of M. D. ; she located at ture of a general line of woolen goods. Hope Valley, Rhode Island, and there The late Henry С Bailey in the same practiced her profession until her mar year retired from his connection with the riage. On October 14, 1903, she became Carolina Mills and gave to his son the ad the wife of Clair S. Taylor, a prominent vantage of his comprehensive knowledge manufacturer of Northboro, Massachu of the business and the experience of for setts. 3. Henry Duncan, of whom see ty years active participation in the man sketch following. agement of one of the largest establish In 1909, Mr. Bailey resigned his post as ments of its kind in the State. The ven superintendent of the Carolina Woolen ture was successful from the very outset, Mill, and associated himself with his son, and the firm now occupies a prominent Henry D. Bailey, in the conduct of the place among similar enterprises in Rhode mill at Hope Valley. He was active in Island. Mr. Bailey directly superintends the management of this enterprise until the manufacturing and sales departments. his death, which occurred in Rochester, He is well known in business circles in New York, June 27, 1918. the State. He is a member of Brown University Chapter, Delta Kappa Epsi lon college fraternity. He is a member BAILEY, Henry Duncan, of Mechanics Lodge, No. 14, Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Niantic Encamp Woolen Manufacturer. ment, No. 7; a member and treasurer of Henry Duncan Bailey, woolen manu the Town Republican Committee of Hop- facturer, and founder and present head of kinton, and chairman of the School Board the firm of Henry D. Bailey, of Hope Val of the town of Hopkinton, Rhode Island. ley, was born in Carolina, Rhode Island, On November 4, 1905, Mr. Bailey mar March 18, 1879, son °f tne late Henry ried Julia Brown, of Rochester, Pennsyl Cooper and Ellen W. (Mclnnis) Bailey. vania, a daughter of Hartford P. Brown, He was prepared for college at the a retired contractor of that city. Mr. and Friends' School in Providence, and ma Mrs. Bailey are the parents of a daugh triculated at Brown University. He was ter, Sue T. Bailey. graduated with the class of 1899, and im mediately entered the employ of the Caro lina Mills Company, and under the direc BROWN, Charles, tion of his father learned the woolen Manufacturer. manufacturing business, remaining until 1906, when he became superintendent of Hardly yet in the prime of life, Charles the Stanley Woolen Company of Ux- Brown, owner of the Rhode Island Mal bridge, Massachusetts, remaining for two leable Iron Works of Providence, Rhode years. He then accepted the position of Island, has compiled a record of busi superintendent of the W. J. Dickey & ness energy and achievement highly cred Son Woolen Mills at Baltimore, Mary itable to a man of greater years, and "to

43 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the manner born." He started life with ated the plant at Hillsgrove, Rhode Is the handicap of strange tongue and early land, as it was originally intended, then training to overcome, the first eight years they added to their business a department of his life having been spent in Russia. which they organized in 1914 as the But the American public school removed Rhode Island Fittings Company. The a great part of that handicap, and the twin enterprises were continued under fuller, freer life of the United States has one ownership until 1916, when they di developed a virile, earnest, useful citizen, vided the business, Mr. Brown exchang who has all the love and loyalty of a na ing his Rhode Island Fittings Company tive son for the land of his adoption. His holdings for Mr. Clough's Rhode Island plant at Hillsgrove, Rhode Island, con Malleable Iron Company interest, and verted to government use during the each having sole control of his own World War, and its owner, aided the Gov company. Mr. Brown continued the Mal ernment in every way in the prosecution leable Iron Company along the same line ; of that war. of manufacture until 1918, when, in com Charles Brown, son of Abraham and pany with Alfred G. Chaffee, Philip Jos- Mary Brown, was born in Russia, July 16, lin, Jerome Hahn, and Guy F. Bullard, he 1881, and in 1889 he was brought to the organized the Providence Fittings Com United States by his parents, they locat pany, which concern he operates in con ing in Lawrence, Massachusetts. The nection with the Rhode Island Malleable lad, Charles, attended Lawrence public Iron Works. The company manufactures schools, completing his studies at gram unions, joints, etc., for pipe fittings. In mar school, then became a mill worker 1917 they began executing contracts with in the employ of the American Woolen the United States Government for various Company, as bobbin boy, his pay, $3.80 naval stations, etc., executing many im per week. For five years he remained portant contracts as a sub-contractor. with that company, advancing rapidly to Mr. Brown is a member of Mecca better position. He then left the mills, Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of and for three years he was a clerk in a Boston, Massachusetts, and of Maryland clothing store. All these years he was Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish studying at all available hours, and Rite, in which he has attained the thirty- through private study and under tutors second degree. He is a noble of Aleppo he attained a most excellent preparation Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of for college. He then entered Baltimore the Mystic Shrine, of Boston ; a life mem Dental College, whence he was graduated ber of the Turks Head Club, Providence ; D. D. S. in 1908. He at once began the and of the Psi Psi fraternity, Baltimore practice of his profession in Lawrence, Dental College chapter. Mr. Brown is un Massachusetts, and until 1910 gave him married, his parents yet residing in Law self wholly to that work. In 191 o, Dr. rence, Massachusetts. Brown retired from practice, and until 191 2 was engaged with favorable results BALLOU, Eugene Horace, as a real estate dealer in Lawrence. But he was not satisfied, and in 1912 he locat Inventor. ed in Providence, Rhode Island, purchas ing a half interest in the Rhode Island Prior to the Civil War, Francis Martin Malleable Iron Works with С P. Clough Ballou, born in New England in 1822, as his partner. For two years they oper died 1900, went South and for many years 144 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was employed in the textile mills of that ter locating in Pawtucket, he continued section. He was an expert weaver, a trade his experiments and finally produced the he learned and followed in New England "Leno Loom," which was patented on prior to going South. He rose to mana September 9, 1902, a loom which repre gerial position, and for more than twenty sents a great step in advance in the pro years he was in charge of the weaving duction of certain fabrics. On July 10, department of the Eagle & Phoenix Man 1906, a patent was issued Mr. Ballou ufacturing Company at Columbus, Geor on a loom for weaving Sheer or Swiss gia. While living in Mobile, Alabama, fabrics, a wonderful invention which his son, Eugene Horace Ballou, was born, was followed on May 17, 1910, by and the lad, reared in an atmosphere of his Drop Shuttle Box Mechanism. His textile conversation and example, fol latest patent was another loom known as lowed in his father's footsteps until di the Weft Replenishing Loom, patented verging from the beaten path he gave rein December 23, 191 3, this last invention be to his inventive genius and brought forth coming the property of the Draper Com patents in looms and weaving appliances, pany of Hopedale, Massachusetts. These which will forever rank among the invent inventions were all of such value to the ors of useful textile machinery. His first textile industry that their manufacture patent, a shuttle motion for looms, was and sale or lease on royalty has placed issued December 3, 1889, his last, the Mr. Ballou in a position of financial in Weft Replenishing Loom, December 23, dependence, and in 1915 he retired, al 191 3, the latter being sold to the Draper though it is not unlikely that other in Company of Hopedale, Massachusetts, ventions will evolve from his fertile, in who quickly appreciated its value to their ventive brain as he is but in the full prime business. Mr. Ballou is now living re of life. Mr. Ballou is a member of Enter tired, his life having been one of useful prise Lodge, No. 22, Independent Order ness and one of value to his fellowmen. of Odd Fellows, of Pawtucket, Rhode Is Eugene Horace Ballou was born in Mo land, also of Blackstone Encampment, bile, Alabama, June 13, 1861, and there No. 15, and of Pawtucket Lodge, No. 920, completed grammar school courses of Benevolent and Protective Order of public school education. After leaving Elks. school he became a textile worker, serv Mr. Ballou married (first) Mary King, ing an apprenticeship under his father, be who died in 1894. He married (second) coming in time a skilled weaver and an Ellen Teresa O'Neil, of Pawtucket, Rhode expert loom fixer. He continued a tex Island. tile worker in the South until 1895, then came North, locating in Pawtucket, FALES, Warren R., Rhode Island. While in the South he had given much thought to the imperfections Manufacturer, Public Official. of textile machinery in some essential fea The source of the surname Fales is still tures and had sought to remedy them. His largely a matter of conjecture. All indi first triumph was called "A Shuttle Mo cations seems to point to the fact that tion for Looms," which was recognized it is a modification of the name Vale or as a true invention by the United States Vales, an English surname of local clas Patent Office, and on December 3, 1889, sification which had its origin in the letters patent were issued Mr. Ballou. Af medieval English "val." Literally con

45 A. В.—6-ю ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY strued, it means "of the vale." Instances him with his son, James Fales, mentioned appear in the earliest English rolls and below. Either he or his son built a house registers. on what is now Sprague street, opposite The Fales family in New England, al Greenlodge street. though small and confined largely to (II) James (2) Fales, son of James those parts of Massachusetts and Rhode (1) Fales, was admitted a freeman at Island which adjoin one another, takes Dedham, in 1653. 1° tne following year rank among the oldest and most distin he married Anna Brock, of Dedham, guished in this section of the country. In daughter of Rev. Henry Brock, and sis recent generations members of the fam ter of Rev. John Brock, of the Isle of ily have figured notably in the manufac Shoals; she was admitted to the church turing and milling industries of Rhode at Dedham, May 25, 1656, and died De Island and Southeastern Massachusetts, cember 22, 1712. James Fales served with and the name to-day carries weight and the Massachusetts troops during King prestige not only in this field but in pub Philip's War. He died at Dedham, July lic life. The line of ancestry herein con 10, 1708. sidered is that of the late David Gilmore (III) Peter Fales, son of James (2) and Fales, founder and for many years presi Anna (Brock) Fales, was born at Ded dent of the well known Fales & Jenks ham, in 1668, and was a life-long resident Machine Company, of Pawtucket, and there. He married Abigail Robins, and one of the foremost business leaders of among their children was Peter, men Rhode Island in the latter half of the past tioned below. century, and his son, John Richmond (IV) Peter (2) Fales, son of Peter (1) Fales, who succeeded to his place in the and Abigail (Robins) Fales, was born in Fales interests and in addition took an Dedham, Massachusetts, in 1690. He was active and prominent part in Rhode Is a prosperous farmer and well known citi land financial life. Warren R. Fales, son zen there until his death. He married of John Richmond Fales, although identi Sarah Allen. fied with the Fales & Jenks Machine (V) Peter (3) Fales, son of Peter (2) Company in early life, has for a consider and Sarah (Allen) Fales, was born in able period devoted his time solely to Dedham, Massachusetts, December 10, travel and the pursuit of private inter 1732. He married Avis Bicknell. ests; Mr. Fales is well known in club (VI) John Fales, son of Peter (3) and and fraternal circles in the city of Provi Avis (Bicknell) Fales, was born in Ded dence. ham, September 10, 1768, and passed the (I) James Fales, immigrant ancestor early part of his life there. He married and progenitor of the family in America, Roby Gilmore, and after his marriage re was born in England, around 1600, and moved to Attleboro, Massachusetts, and came from Chester to Dedham, in the died there October 24, 1847. Massachusetts Bay Colony, in the year (VII) David Gilmore Fales, son of John 1636. He was one of the pioneers at Ded and Roby (Gilmore) Fales, was born in ham when the town was called Content Attleboro, Massachusetts, June 4, 1806. ment, and on September 10, 1636, signed He remained on his father's farm until he the famous Dedham Covenant. Little reached his eighteenth year, when he de further is known of him, and for many termined to take up mechanical work, and years there was a tendency to confuse accordingly entered the establishment of 146 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

David Jenks & Company, at Central employed. The Fales & Jenks Machine Falls. Here he evinced considerable tal Company was chartered in 1876, and Al ent as a machinist, and gave evidence of vin F. Jenks was elected president; John exceptional ability in this line of work. In R. Fales, vice-president, and Stephen A. 1830, already classed as one of the leading Jenks, treasurer. These offices they also business men of the town, he formed a held in the United States Cotton Com partnership with the late Alvin Jenks, pany, incorporated in 1885. This was sit rented a shop at Central Falls, and be uated on Foundry and Railroad streets, gan the manufacture of cotton machin and was owned for some years by A. & ery. In 1833 the firm of Fales & Jenks W. Sprague. David G. Fales died in purchased the right to manufacture the 1875. He married, May 3, 1829, Par- Hubbard patented rotary pump, in the thenia C. Sprague. Children : Elizabeth State of Rhode Island. The first piece K., born December 3, 1830 ; John R., men of work turned out by the firm was a tioned below; George Stephens, Decem spooler, for which a Virginia firm paid ber 25, 1836. sixty dollars. In 1845 the firm made their (VIII) John Richmond Fales, son of first spinning frames; in the following David G. Fales, was born March 5, 1833, year their first twisters for thread, wor in Central Falls, Rhode Island, in the sted and silk, at that time among the first house at the corner of Central and High of such machines in America, were pro streets, on the site later occupied by the duced. These machines were made for home of Mrs. Elizabeth K. (Fales) Aus Benjamin Greene. Years later the firm tin, his sister. The old house was moved of Fales, Jenks & Sons sent nine twisters, to the opposite side of the street. His dressers and winders to J. & P. Coats, the early education was received in the Berlin famous thread manufacturers at Paisley, school at Fruit Hill, in his native town. Scotland. Their business grew rapidly, His native and inherited ability was given and in 1859-60 they had to enlarge the special opportunity for cultivation when works. In that year they made a fur a young man. He demonstrated his me nace for making their castings, and in chanical genius early. He went into the 1861 they enlarged their operations con factories of Fales & Jenks and learned siderably. In 1861-62 they erected a brick the business from engine room to office shop three stories high, on Foundry street, with characteristic thoroughness, and af which later was sold to the American terward became one of the three owners Linen Company and finally occupied by of the business. He also became finan the United States Flax Company. In 1866 cially interested in other enterprises and the firm of Fales & Jenks moved to Paw- manufactured a variety of products, ma tucket, Rhode Island, and the older men chinery for cotton mills, hydrants, meters, gradually put the business into the hands water wheels, cotton goods, balls, etc. He of their sons, John R. Fales, Alvin F. was one of the owners of the Hope Jenks and Stephen A. Jenks, and retired Thread Mill, and of the Pawtucket Man from business. The works now are an ufacturing Company. He was a director example of the largest and best equipped of the Pacific National Bank and a trus machinery plants to be found in Paw- tee of the Franklin Savings Bank. He was tucket. They are situated on Dexter a large stockholder in mill companies of street, near those of the Conant Thread Fall River, New Bedford, and other Company. About five hundred hands are towns, and became one of the wealthiest 147 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY men in the Blackstone Valley. He was of Central Falls, later attending the public-spirited, but declined political hon Friends' School in Providence and Dean ors. When a young man he was a mem Academy, Franklin, Massachusetts. At ber of the board of fire wards. He was the age of seventeen years, he entered the a member of Union Lodge, Free Ma foundry of the Fales & Jenks Machine sons; of Pawtucket Chapter, Royal Arch Company, of which his father was then Masons ; and Holy Sepulchre Comman vice-president, to serve an apprenticeship der/, Knights Templar. He attended the in all departments and to familiarize him Universalist church on High street, and self thoroughly with every phase of the gave liberally to the support of its benev business. Mr. Fales has travelled ex olences, but was not a member. He was tensively in England and on the Contin a busy man, but found time for healthful ent, and has been twice around the globe. recreation, and especially in his later He has also collected what is one of the years devoted his attention to yachting. finest libraries of ancient and modern fic He bought the "Actina," in the following tion and history in the State of Rhode year built the "Countess," and in the fol Island, and possesses many highly valua lowing year the "Harriet," but he died be ble and artistically perfect specimens of fore he had an opportunity to enjoy the the binder's art. For about eight years, boat. He was a man of sterling integrity Mr. Fales maintained his home in New and great force of character. He was natur York City. Some years ago, however, he ally reserved, however, and never sought purchased the old Whitcomb homestead for popularity nor favor, speaking little in East Providence, the house on which and allowing his actions rather than his was built in 1810 and is still standing, an words to express his feelings and senti excellent example of early American arch ments. The death of his wife a few years itecture. Here he was extensively engaged before he died was a crushing blow from in the raising of fancy poultry for a con which he never seemed to recover: He siderable period. He was active in Re was generous and kindly in his relations publican politics, and was a member of with other men, and especially beloved in the town council for several terms. the domestic circle. He died August 15, Mr. Fales is widely known in fraternal 1892, a few days after returning from circles in the State of Rhode Island. He Mexico, from fever contracted in the is a member of Union Lodge, No. 10, An journey, and his loss was sincerely cient Free and Accepted Masons; Paw mourned by the entire community. tucket Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; John Richmond Fales married Harriet Holy Sepulchre Commandery, No. 8, B. Lee, of Rehoboth, Massachusetts, Knights Templar — all of Pawtucket, and daughter of Samuel A. Lee, and three Palestine Temple, Ancient Arabic Order children were born of this union, namely : Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Provi LeRoy, born August 30, 1859; Jerome dence. He is also a member of Ossame- Atherton, who died in infancy ; and War quin Lodge, Improved Order of Red Men, ren R., mentioned below. of Pawtucket; the Benevolent and Pro (IX) Warren R. Fales, son of John tective Order of Elks, No. 14, of Provi Richmond and Harriet B. (Lee) Fales, dence ; and What Cheer Lodge, Order was born at Central Falls, Rhode Island, of Harbor Pilots, of Providence. One of October 28, 1862. He received his ele his greatest interests from early boyhood mentary education in the public schools has been music, and on December 27, 148 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1909, Mr. Fales became a member of the stances, lays his course toward a certain American Band of Providence and was goal, and through his own efforts reaches elected leader and secretary of the band that objective. Frank H. Nottage is one on December 26, 1910. The American of the five sons of Willard Miller and Band is an institution known throughout Charlotte Elizabeth (Morse) Nottage, of the country. It was organized in 1837, North Foxboro, Massachusetts, his par and in 1853 was incorporated by a special ents both of English descent and both de charter of the General Assembly of Rhode ceased. Island. Frank Henry Nottage was born in In November, 1883, Mr. Fales married North Foxboro, Massachusetts, February (first) Carrie B. Hopkins, daughter of 4, 1875, and there spent the first fifteen Harley and Sarah B. Hopkins, of Provi years of his life, obtaining his education dence. They were the parents of two in the public school. In 1890 he came sons: r. Harrie Lee, born December 23, to Providence, Rhode Island, and soon 1884. 2. LeRoy Atherton, born February obtained a position, beginning as clerk in 20, 1886. On April 7, 1908, Mr. Fales a grocery store. That position was soon married (second) Minnie L. Whelden, surrendered for employment as office boy of Providence, who died June 7, 1914. with the Grosvenor-Dale Company, a connection which proved the turning point in his fortunes and the first step NOTTAGE, Frank Henry, along the road to success. From office boy he passed to higher rank — from clerk Représentative Citizen. to bookkeeper — and finally became pri About thirty years ago Frank H. Not vate secretary to William Grosvenor, tage, then a lad of fifteen years, came to president and principal owner of the the city of Providence, without friends Grosvenor-Dale Company. That confi and without funds, but in spite of such dential relation existed until Mr. Gros- handicaps he had a stout heart and a venor's death, June 20, 1906, and since strong, self-reliant spirit which carried then Mr. Nottage has been secretary to him safely over the danger period and the widow, Mrs. William Grosvenor, also brought him into assured position in the manager and agent for the Grosvenor es business world. He could not accom tate which is valued at several millions of plish what he did without making friends, dollars. Few men have risen more rap and in course of time he attracted the at idly and deservedly to so high a position tention of William Grosvenor, head of of trust and honor as Mr. Nottage, a the Grosvenor-Dale Company, who was quiet, self-possessed, forceful man who ever after his friend. The close rela never gives to any task or duty less than tions which grew up between the two his best. men, notwithstanding the disparity in Mr. Nottage is a member of Providence their ages, continued until Mr. Grosven- Chamber of Commerce ; past chancellor or's death, and since then he has been commander of Palestine Lodge, Knights retained by the estate in even closer re of Pythias; member of El-Karun Tem lationship, as manager and agent. Hard ple, No. 45, Knights of Khorassan, and ly yet in the prime of life, he may review in 1917 and in 1919 represented that chap his course with the satisfaction of the ter as imperial representative at national man who, in the face of adverse circum conventions of the order held at Cedar 149 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Point, Ohio, and also in Peoria, Illi ployment with the New England Butt nois. He is also a member of Providence Company of Providence, Rhode Island. Lodge, No. 14, Benevolent and Protective A little later he began his work in the Order of Elks ; and of Mt. Vernon Lodge, line of jewelry manufacturer, from which No. 4, Free and Accepted Masons. His he has never departed, the making of club is the Rhode Island Yacht. In poli swivels and of spring rings for watch tics he is a Republican, and in church chains. For ten years Mr. Wells was in preference a Methodist. the employ of the C. Sydney Smith Com Mr. Nottage married, in 1910, Alice T. pany, then for eight years was with the Hackett, of Boston, Massachusetts. Mr. H. A. Kirby Company of Providence, a and Mrs. Nottage are the parents of a short time being later spent with the son, Paul H., born March 11, 191 1. Waite Thresher Company and with C. A. Wilkinson & Company, both of Prov idence. One additional year was spent WELLS, W. A. H., in the employ of The General Finding & Supply Company of Attleboro, Massa Jewelry Manufacturer. chusetts, before Mr. Wells felt justified The early life of Mr. Wells was such in attempting a business of his own, then as to develop in him at a very early age in October, 1914, on a small scale he be a spirit of self-reliance and independence gan the manufacture of chain parts or which has been a valuable asset. His findings. He succeeded abundantly and father, an architect and surveyor, died in due time the business he founded and when his son was but seven years of age, developed to a condition of prosperity leaving a widow, nine children, and two was incorporated under the Rhode Island orphan nieces whom he had adopted. laws as the W. A. H. Wells Company in While he left a comfortable fortune, he June, 1916, the founder, one of the largest also left uncompleted contracts which his stockholders, being vice-president and widow attempted to fulfill with disastrous general manager of the company. effect upon her fortune, which was largely The W. A. H. Wells Company man swept away. This brought the burden of ufactures spring rings and swivels for support upon the children, and at an early watch chains, and is now the largest con age, in his far away home on the isle of cern of its kind in the world. Their pres Barbadoes, British West Indies, the lad ent output is four thousand gross month began the battle of life. He is a son of ly, and even this immense business is James E. and Mary E. (Bourne) Wells, on the increase. The factory plant is lo his parents of English ancestry. cated in Providence, and the entire busi W. A. H. Wells was born on the Isle ness is a monument to the courage, en of Barbadoes, British West Indies, Sep ergy and ability of its founder and prin tember 30, 1881, and there spent the first cipal owner whose name it bears. Mr. thirteen years of his life. At the age of Wells is a deeply religious man and de twelve he became a wage earner, even votes all the time which he can spare from his small earnings being a welcome addi business and family to non-sectarian re tion to the family purse after the mother's ligious work, teaching and preaching from loss of her fortune. In June, 1894, the his deep study of the Bible the lessons family came to the United States, and therein found. He is highly esteemed as the following month the lad found em business man and citizen, his daily walk 150

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY being in strict accordance with the ten treasurer, is a Maine corporation, and en ets of his faith. joys wide reputation, both as manufactur Mr. Wells married, in 1900, Estelle M. er of a product of high grade and as a Ward, of English parentage, also born business house whose dealings and opera in the Barbadoes. They are the parents tions are in accord with the strictest rules of five children, as follows : Roland Ed of business integrity. The principal line ward, born 1902; Lawrence Alfred, born of the company is the "Old Coon" cigar, 1903; Marjorie Louise, Stella Esther, well known throughout New England and Morton Rathbun. vicinity, a brand originated by the found er of the concern. During the World HUNTOON, William C, War, The Huntoon and Gorham Com pany made two shipments of two hun Manufacturer. dred thousand cigars to France for distri Of the eighth American generation of bution among the American Expedition his New England line, William C. Hun- ary Forces. toon is the third of his family to direct Mr. Huntoon is president of the Con the cigar manufacturing business of The tinental Metals Company, a Rhode Is Huntoon and Gorham Company, formerly land corporation, organized by him in Huntoon & Gorham. He is a descendant 1916, a concern engaged on war work of Philip Hunton, as the name was spelled exclusively while the war lasted. This until the fifth generation in America, company operated in conjunction with when the present form came into use. the Seymour Manufacturing Company, at William C. Huntoon is a son of Wil Seymour, Connecticut, later establishing liam and Rebecca S. (Barrows) Huntoon ; in Providence, Rhode Island, producing his father died in 1905, survived (1919) principally parts of hand grenades, rifle by his mother. He was born in Provi grenades, detonators and bullet jacket dence, Rhode Island, September 13, 1871, cups, the operation completed by the Gor and as a youth attended the public ham Manufacturing Company, of Prov schools, including the University Gram idence. The Continental Metals Com mar School, then entered Brown Univer pany, under Mr. Huntoon's supervision, sity, whence he was graduated with the made a record for speed in production degree of B. Ph. in the class of 1894. The and reliability in manufacture that won year following the retirement of his fath the commendation of the War Industries er from active business, his father a prom Board and caused that body to award inent cigar manufacturer and head of the them the entire brass output of the New firm of Huntoon & Gorham, Mr. Hun England Brass Company, of Taunton, toon and his brother, Harrison В., as Massachusetts, for the manufacture of sumed the control of the concern. This cupro nickel jacket cups for incendiary company, founded in 1845 by his grand bullets. During a comparatively brief father, William Simeon Huntoon, was period of operation the Continental Met first styled William S. Huntoon & Son, als Company executed government con then Huntoon & Gorham, and in 1901 was tracts approximating four hundred thou incorporated under the present name. The sand dollars, in addition to the produc Huntoon & Gorham Company, which tion of parts for the United States Cart Mr. Huntoon directs as president and ridge Company, of Lowell, Massachu ISI ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

setts, the value of which totalled half a HILL FAMILY, million dollars. Ancestral History. In May, 1919, Mr. Huntoon formed the National Collapsible Tube Company Arms — Sable a fesse argent between three (Maine Corporation) to manufacture the leopards passant or, spotted sable. The fesse is charged with three escallops gules. improved collapsible tube used by tooth Crest — A stag's head and neck, azure; attired paste manufacturerers, shaving cream, gules on a wreath, over a ducal coronet. and many other forms of cosmetics sold Supporters — Dexter, a leopard gules, spotted or. in tubes. This improvement and patent ducally collared or. Sinister, a stag, attired gules. relates to securing the cap to the body of Motto — Per Deum ct ferrum obtinui. the tube, a basic fundamental patent The family of Hill have been well which is the property of the company. known and prominent in England since The company is now in full operation and the middle of the fourteenth century, and manufactures in large quantities this especially eminent for their antiquity and product, the most useful improvement yet worth, in the counties of Stafford, Devon, shown along these lines. Mr. Huntoon is Somerset and Salop. Since the time of president and treasurer of the company, Queen Elizabeth it has been of great note whose plant is located in Providence, and esteem in the counties of Down and where large contracts are already being Antrim, Ireland. The family has pro executed. Mr. Huntoon has also secured duced in every generation soldiers, states other patents possessing great utility men and diplomats of note, and has had which will be marketed in due time. its chief seats in the County of Down: Prominent in the business fraternity of Hillsborough, North Alton, in Oxford this city, Mr. Huntoon holds member shire ; and Twickenham, in the County of ship in the University Club, the Provi Middlesex. dence Art Club, the Economic Club, the The American branch of the family Providence Chamber of Commerce, and is ranks among the foremost of our great affiliated with the Providence School of Republic, holding a place of prominence Design. He is identified with the best in in the only aristocracy which America terests of his city, and is ready in his sup knows — that of sterling worth and port of civic movements of progress. achievement. The Hill family of Con Mr. Huntoon married (first) Mary L. necticut, of which the late Junius F. Hill, Comstock, of an old New England fam of Waterbury, Connecticut, was a mem ily, who died in 1904. He married (sec ber, traces its history through a period ond) in 1906, Grace M. Spalding, of Prov of two hundred and eighty years, through idence. Children, both of his first mar a line of stern and rugged patriots, who riage: Louis H. C, born November 10, in time of need have served their country 1896, a graduate of Dartmouth College, well, men who have gained notable suc gained the rank of second lieutenant in cesses in the professions, men of keen the United States Army during the World business intellect, and virtuous and ca War, and is now (1919) associated in pable women. business with his father ; William C, Jr., (I) William Hill, progenitor of the fam born April 28, 1904, a student in the ily in America, emigrated from England, Moses Brown School of Providence. and arrived in Boston Harbor, Massa- 152

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY chusetts, on the ship "William and he accompanied him to Fairfield, where Francis," on June 5, 1632. He was a he was the receiver of an allotment of man of note and settled with a com land from the town. He later became one pany at Dorchester, Massachusetts. He of the most prominent citizens of the was made a freeman of the Massachusetts town. He was town recorder in 1650, and Colony, November 5, 1633, and elected a continued in that office for several years. selectman of Dorchester in 1636. He re To him Roger Ludlow delivered town pa ceived an allotment of land from the pers of value when he left Fairfield, in town on November 2, 1635. In 1636, or 1654. The town records show that on shortly afterward, he removed to Wind February 1, 1673, he received a portion sor, on the Connecticut river, where he of his father's estate from his father-in- was granted a home lot and set out an law, Mr. Greenleaf, which would seem to orchard. In 1639 he was appointed by indicate that his father married a second the General Court to examine the arms time. (The term father-in-law was an and ammunition of the colony. He was equivalent of step-father to-day). Wil auditor of public accounts, and was elect liam Hill received from the town, on Feb ed to the General Court from 1639 t0 I04i ruary 13, 1670, the Lewis lot on the north and again in 1644. After 1644 he re east corner of Newton square. He died moved to Fairfield, Connecticut, where he on December 19, 1684. He married, at lived and died, and where his last will Fairfield, Connecticut, Elizabeth Jones, and testament is recorded in an ancient daughter of the Rev. John Jones. Their volume of the records of the "Particular children were: 1. William. 2. Eliphalet. Court for Fairfield County." (To be 3. Joseph. 4. John, mentioned below. 5. found in the Fairfield Library). In Fair James. 6. Sarah. field he became one of the leaders of the (III) John Hill, son of William (2) and official life of the town, serving as as Elizabeth (Jones) Hill, was born in Fair sistant, and later being appointed col field, Connecticut, and died in 1727. He lector of customs. He was selectman in married Jane . He owned consid 1656. He and his son, William, were grant erable real estate, and was prominent in ed by the town, home lots between Paul's the town. He later moved to New Ha Neck and Robert Turney's lot on the ven. north side of Dorchester street and the (IV) Obadiah Hill, son of John Hill, Newton square. William Hill died in was born in October, 1697. He married 1649, as h's wife was called a widow at Hannah Frost, who was born in June, that time in the town records. His will 1706. Their children were: 1. Eunice, is dated September 9, 1649, and was ad born March 28, 1731. 2. Sarah, born May mitted to probate, May 15, 1650. He be 20, 1732. 3. Mary, born October 5, 1733. queathed to his wife, Sarah, and their chil 4. Jared, mentioned below. dren: 1. Sarah. 2. William, mentioned There were other children, record of below. 3. Joseph. 4. Ignatius. 5. James. whom is lost. 6. Elizabeth. (V) Lieutenant Jared Hill, son of Ob (II) William (2) Hill, son of William adiah and Hannah (Frost) Hill, was born (1) and Sarah Hill, was born in Eng in North Haven, Connecticut, on August land, and accompanied his parents to 10, 1736. He married Eunice Tuttle, America. It is probable that he was with daughter of Daniel and Mary (Mansfield) his father in Dorchester and Windsor, for Tuttle, both descendants of pioneer col 153 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY onists of New Haven. Jared Hill, the pro completing his education learned the car genitor of the Waterbury Hills, removed penter's trade, which he followed for the there with his wife in 1784, and purchased remainder of his life. He later engaged a farm on East Mountain. They were the in business independently, and became parents of twelve children, all of whom, one of the leading builders and contrac except Samuel, were born in North Ha tors of the city. He was a man of great ven. He rendered distinguished services business talent, and possessed great abil throughout the French and Indian War, ity for organization and management. In as a private, and had the reputation of a addition to his prominence in the busi good soldier. He died April 20, 1816. His ness world, he was also a leading figure in wife, who was born in 1739, died Decem the political affairs of the city, always ac ber 28, 1826. tive in the interests of issues which he (VI) Samuel Hill, son of Lieutenant thought were a benefit to the community. Jared and Eunice (Tuttle) Hill, was born He was nominated for the State Legisla in Waterbury, Connecticut, September 4, ture on the Democratic ticket, but declin 1784. He was educated in the public ed to accept. Mr. Hill was one of the schools of the city, and after finishing his best known and most thoroughly respect education learned the carpenter's trade, ed business men of Waterbury of the mid which he followed during the summer. dle part of the last century, substantially He was a man of much literary ability, successful, and highly honored. He died and a scholar, and during the winter at Naugatuck, Connecticut, March 31, months taught school in Waterbury. He 1859. He was a prominent Mason, and a was also a talented musician, and served member of Shepard's Lodge, Nauga as fife major in the Second Regiment tuck. He attended St. John's Episcopal from 1807 until 1818. Samuel Hill gained Church. Mr. Hill married Elizabeth Au considerable distinction for poetic ability gusta Porter, daughter of Samuel Porter, in Waterbury and the surrounding coun of Naugatuck, Connecticut, on May 4, try. He married, October 14, 1807, Polly 1835. She was born in Naugatuck, Sep Brockett, daughter of Giles and Sarah tember 21, 1812, and died at Waterbury, (Smith) Brockett. (See Brockett VI). January 9, 1899. Their children were: He died on April 26, 1834, and after his 1. Marie Louise, unmarried, who resides death his family removed to Naugatuck, at Woodmont, Connecticut. 2. Ellen Au where his wife died October 8, 1853. Both gusta, married Henry Leach, and resides are buried in Grand Street Cemetery. at Woodmont, Connecticut; children: Their children were : 1. Henry Augustus, Robert Hill Leach, who married Florence born January 19, 1809. 2. Junius Fayette, Woodruff, of Milford, Connecticut, and mentioned below. 3. Sarah Maria, born they have one daughter, Susanne Hill April 14, 1816, died January, 1822. 4. Leach ; and Ruella Woodruff Leach, born Eunice Hortensia, born November 8, May 8, 1918, died in infancy. Mr. Henry 1818. 5. Ellen Maria. 6. Robert Wake- Leach was a native of New York City, man, mentioned below. and was educated there. Later in life he (VII) Junius Fayette Hill, son of Sam removed to Waterbury, Connecticut, uel and Polly (Brockett) Hill, was born where he became a pioneer rubber mer in Waterbury, Connecticut, July 11, 181 1. chant, and one of the leading manufac He received his educational training in turers of the city. He died in 1907 at the the public schools of Waterbury, and upon age of sixty-two. Mr. Leach was a mem- 154

¿&¿¿ ^r ^^^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ber of the Masonic order, and of the In also a member of several social and fra dependent Order of Odd Fellows, and at ternal organizations, a founder of the tended St. John's Episcopal Church. Mrs. Waterbury Club, and a member of the Leach is a charter member of the Mili- Mason Clark Commandery. He was a cent Porter Chapter of the Daughters of communicant of St. John's Episcopal the American Revolution. 3. Susie Eliz Church. Robert Wakeman Hill died on abeth, mentioned below. 4. Caroline Eu July 16, 1909. nice, died at the age of three years. 5. (VIII) Susie Elizabeth Hill, daughter Lucy Brown, married Joseph Ives Doo- of Junius Fayette and Elizabeth Augusta little, who died in 1907. She died in May, (Porter) Hill, was born in Waterbury, 1914, and is survived by her two sons, Connecticut. She is a resident of Water Trubee J., and Clarence Lewis, who re bury and devotes much time and atten side at Woodmont, Connecticut. tion to social and public welfare in the (VII) Robert Wakeman Hill, son of city, supporting generously charities and Samuel and Polly (Brockett) Hill, was benevolences. Miss Hill takes a keen in born in Waterbury, Connecticut, Sep terest in the issues of importance in the tember 20, 1828, and received his early ed life of the city. She is a member of the ucation there. He later removed to New Milicent Porter Chapter of the Daughters Haven, Connecticut, and there attended of the American Revolution, the Matta- the Young Men's Institute. After com tux Historical Society, and the Naturalist pleting his studies there, he entered the Club. She is also prominent in the social offices of Mr. Henry Austin for the pur life of Waterbury. pose of studying architecture. After thoroughly mastering the technicalities of his professions, he went to the State of TUTTLE FAMILY, Wisconsin and there engaged in busi Ancestral History. ness in the city of Milwaukee. After Arms — Azure on a bend cotised argent a lion several years, during which he built up a passant sable. splendid business, he returned to Water- Crest — On a mount vert a turtle-dove proper; bury, and there engaged in his work for m the beak a sprig vert, fructed or. the remainder of his life. Several of the Ranking among the foremost of New most important public buildings of Wa England families, but belonging insepa terbury, New Haven, Hartford and oth rably to the history and development of er large cities of the State of Connecti Connecticut is the Tuttle family. Branches cut are monuments to his genius as an of the ancient English family, however, architect. During his lifetime he was were established throughout the New- recognized as the leader of his profession England Colonies in the early part of the in Waterbury. He was affiliated with the seventeenth century. None of these have Republican party, but although he took attained the distinction and note of the a keen interest in politics he remained Connecticut Tuttles. Scions of the house outside the circle of political influence. have wielded large power in the industrial He was a well known figure in the finan and commercial growth of Connecticut, cial life of the city, and at the time of his and have achieved notable places in the death was a member of the board of di professions and in the divine calling. rectors and vice-president of the Manu The early Tuttle family played a prom facturers' Bank of Waterbury. He was inent part in the public life of the Connec 155 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ticut Colony, and the name is found with settled in Ipswich ; he was in Ireland in great frequency in important places in 1654, and probably died there, for his wife early Colonial registers. The early Tut- went to Carrickfergus, and wrote on April tles were leaders of men, and later gen 6, 1657, that he died on December 30, erations have not relinquished the pres 1656. tige of the early family. The Tuttles of Richard Tuttle, aged forty-two, settled to-day are an honored and notable race. in Boston, where he died May 8, 1640. The surname Tuttle is of most remote William Tuttle, who was the founder of antiquity, and its origin has been traced the line herein under consideration, set to the god, Thoth or Toth, on the Lower tled first in Charlestown, Massachusetts, Nile in Egypt, vestiges of whose worship but was prominent in New Haven as early some antiquarians believe to have existed as 1647. Henry Tuttle was in Hingham in early England. This would naturally in 1635, in which year he arrived with his give rise to numerous places dedicated to brother, John. He settled in Southold, the worship of the god. At all events, we Long Island, and John returned to Eng find throughout England "Totehills" land and settled at Weybread, County which at the date of authentic history Suffolk. Still another John Tuttle came were hills with a good lookout against the in the ship "Angel Gabriel" and settled in enemy's approach. The eminent author Dover, New Hampshire, there founding ity, Charles Wareing Bardsley, in his the New Hampshire branch of the Tuttle "Dictionary of English and Welsh Sur family. names," states the origin of the surname (I) William Tuttle, the immigrant an to have been in the ancient Totehill, and cestor, came from St. Albans' parish, Hert makes no mention of an earlier origin in fordshire, England, on the ship "Planter" the worship of Thoth. In support of this, in April, 1635, with his brothers, John and he draws attention to the fact that we Richard, and their families. He stated still use the verb "tout" or "toat" in the his age as twenty-six. His wife, Eliza sense of spying about. beth, aged twenty-three, and children, When the adoption of surnames spread John, aged three and a half, and Thomas, over England, Toathill, Tootle, Tothill, aged three months, came at the same Tootol, Tottle, Tootehill, Tuthill, Tou- time. His occupation was given as hus till and Tuttle appeared as surnames bandman. His wife joined the church at which had their origin in the place name Boston, August 14, 1636. As early as "Totehill," and we find instances of the 1636 he was granted the liberty to build name in the very early registers. The a windmill at Charlestown, and was a first appearance of the name in Colonial proprietor of that town in 1636. His wife America is in the year 1635. Numerous im was dismissed to the church at Ipswich, migrants left the mother country and September 8, 1639, and they doubtless were the founders of large families. On were there for a time. He was part own the good ship "Planter," in 1635, came er of a ketch "Zebulon," of Ipswich, and John, Richard and William Tuttle from was associated to some extent in business the parish of St. Albans, Hertfordshire, with John Tuttle, of Ipswich. He and England, bringing with them their famil John owned land deeded to them by ies. John Tuttle, who is recorded as a George Griggs for debt, and the same mercer, aged thirty-nine years, accord George Griggs gave him a mortgage of ing to the passenger list of the "Planter," house and land on Beacon street, Boston, 156 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

October 8, 1650, after William Tuttle had ferior meadow lands in the first allot moved to New Haven. About 1639, Wil ment; was fence viewer, 1644; road com liam Tuttle moved to Quinnipiack, later missioner, 1646; commissioner to settle called New Haven. In 1641 he was the the dispute as to boundary between New owner of the home lot of Edward Hop Haven and Branford, 1669, and to fix the kins, who had removed to Hartford. This bounds of New Haven, Milford, Bran- lot was on the square bounded by Grove, ford and Wallingford, 1672. He was oft State, Elm, and Church streets. In 1656 en a juror and arbitrator; was constable William Tuttle bought of Joshua Atwater in 1666. He died early in June, 1673, his his original allotment, mansion house and inventory being dated June 6, 1673. His barn, with other lands. He made his home wife died December 30, 1684, aged sev there until his death, and his widow after enty-two years. She had been living with him until her death, a period of twenty- her youngest son, Nathaniel, who pre eight years. At the time of his death it sented her will, but the other children ob was appraised at one hundred and twen jected and it was not allowed. The in ty pounds. He shared in the division of ventory of her estate is dated February common lands in 1640 and afterwards. 3, 1685. Her gravestone was removed, William Tuttle and Mr. Gregson were with the others, from the old Green to the first owners of land in East Haven, the Grove Street Cemetery, 1821, and it Connecticut, and Mr. Tuttle surveyed and now stands in a row along the north wall laid out the road from Red Rock to Stony of the cemetery, but part of the inscrip river. His land there was bounded by a tion is gone. Children: 1. John, men line running from the old ferry (where tioned below. 2. Hannah, born 1632, in the new bridge over the Quinnipiack now England. 3. Thomas, born in 1634, in is) eastward to a spring where issues the England. 4. Jonathan, baptized in Charles- small stream called Tuttle's brook, then town, Massachusetts, July 8, 1637. 5. south along this brook to Gregson's land David, baptized, in Charlestown April at Solitary Cove, thence west to a point 7, 1639. 6. Joseph, baptized in New on the New Haven harbor near the chem Haven, November 22, 1640. 7. Sa ical works and Fort Hale, thence north rah, baptized April, 1642. 8. Elizabeth, along the harbor to the point of begin baptized November 9, 1645. 9- Simon, ning. It included Tuttle's Hill. baptized March 28, 1647. IO- Benjamin, In 1659 he became owner of land at baptized October 29, 1648. 11. Mercy, North Haven. He sold or conveyed to born April 27, 1650. 12. Nathaniel, bap his children most of his property before tized February 29, 1652. he died. Judging from the seat he was (II) John Tuttle, son of William Tut assigned in the meeting house, he was tle, was born in England in 1631, and among the foremost men of New Haven came to this country with his parents in as early as 1646. He was interested in 1635. He received a house and lot in the projected settlement from New Ha East Haven, by deed of his father, 1661, ven on the Delaware, which failed on ac and sold it to John Potter the following count of the opposition of the Dutch in year, and also, about the same time, sold New Netherlands. He filled many posi land at Stony River, which was a part tions of trust and responsibility in the of his patrimony. In these conveyances colony; was commissioner to decide on he is called junior. At the court in New an equivalent to those who received in Haven, November 23, 1662, he requested 157 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY that he might have liberty to purchase and Mary (Mansfield) Tuttle, was born land from the Indians beyond Chestnut in 1739. She married Lieutenant Jared Hill. He married, November 8, 1653. Hill, of North Haven and Waterbury, Kattareen, daughter of John Lane, of Connecticut. (See Hill V). Milford, Connecticut, born 1630, died 1669, leaving a good estate. He died No vember 12, 1683. Children: 1. Hannah, BROCKETT FAMILY, born November 2, 1655. 2. John, born Ancestral History. September 15, 1657. 3. Samuel, mention ed below. 4. Sarah, born January 22, 1661- Arms — Or, a cross patonce, sable. 62. 5, 6. Daniel and Mary (twins), born Crest — A stag lodged sable, ducally gorged and April 13, 1664. lined, or. (HI) Samuel Tuttle, son of John Tut- The name of Brockett is a very old and tle, was born January 9, 1659-60. He was honored one, and appears very early in a stone mason by trade, and a large land the records of English History, and is owner. He married (first) June, 1683, traced authentically to the year 1201 A. Sarah, daughter of Samuel Newman, of D. It is of Saxon, and in all probability New Haven. He married (second) Abi was established in England at the time gail, daughter of John and Mercy Frost, of the Saxon Invasion in the seventh cen and widow of Thomas Barnes. He and tury A. D. The family has always been his wife, Sarah, joined the church held in high repute locally and is con in New Haven, 1692. He died between nected, through marriage, with several of 1731 and 1733. His second wife was the the most noble lineages in England. Sev mother of fifteen children, and her third eral of its members fought in the Cru of the estate was divided to the heirs of sades and a mark of the trend of the Samuel Tuttle, 1748. Children: 1. Mary, times as well as of the character of the born January 31, 1684-85. 2. Jemima, born house is found in the motto still retained December 6, 1686. 3. Stephen, married in the Brockett coat-of-arms, namely, Rachel Mansfield. 4. Abigail, born April Crux mea lux — The cross my light. 4, 1692. 5. Martha, born March 18, 1694. The Brocketts have from time to time 6. Josiah, born April 5, 1696. 7. Sarah, acquired the following manors: Manor born January 17, 1698. 8. Daniel, men of Almeshoebury, Letchworth, Ratham- tioned below. sted, Ayot St. Lawrence, Ayot St. Peter, (IV) Daniel Tuttle, son of Samuel Tut Offley Magna, Mandlesen, Spain's Hall. tle, was born August 23, 1702. He mar Brockett Hall, the ancestral home of the ried, April 25, 1726, Mary Mansfield, sis family, was located in Wheathamstead, ter of Ebenezer Mansfield. His will was County Herts, originally described as presented 1772, and names wife, Mary, as Watamstede, in the Doomsday Book. executrix, and Samuel Tuttle as executor. This estate originally adjoined Hatfield, Children (record incomplete) : 1. Samuel, which is noted in history. In the year born February 12, 1727. 2. Daniel, born 1312, Brockett Hall was the meeting place March 12, 1728, married Christian, daugh of the Barons in their war against Ed ter of Ebenezer Norton. 3. Mary, mar ward II. ried, January 17, 1755, Jacob Brackett; A tradition which has existed for two died June 20, 1760. 4. Eunice, born 1739. hundred years in New Haven traces the (V) Eunice Tuttle, daughter of Daniel ancestry of the progenitor of the Ameri- 158

The armorial ensigns of the family of Crockett ofBrockettaallCo.Herts. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY can Brocketts, John Brockett, to this fa ed New Haven. In the early Colonial mous English family, above mentioned. records of New England, and New Ha John Brockett is thought to have been the ven, the name of John Brockett appears eldest son of Sir John Brockett, of Brock more often than any other name with ett Hall, Hertfordshire, England, disin the exception of Theophilus Eaton. He herited because of his sympathies with was a man of importance and influence in Puritanism, then gaining a strong foot the civic organization, and because of his hold in England. Because of persecu ability and excellent judgment was often tion of Puritanism and family disagree called upon to represent the community. ment, John Brockett came to America, In the settling of difficulties with the In in 1637. dian tribes of the neighborhood he was (I) John Brockett, who is the first of appointed "one of a committee of four that patronymic to be mentioned in rec to investigate and advise with the In ords in this country, was born in England dians." He was also appointed commis in 1609, and came to America in 1637, sioner to settle the question as to bound probably in the ship "Hector," arriving in ary lines between the Connecticut Col Boston, June 26, 1637, in company with ony at Hartford and the New Haven Col Rev. John Davenport and Theophilus Eat ony. John Brockett was skilled and well on. It is said of the little band which ac known as a civil engineer and surveyor, companied the Rev. John Davenport : and his services were often needed in the "They were gentlemen of wealth and town. In June, 1639, he laid out the character, with their servants and house square which is now the center of the city hold effects. They were, for the most of New Haven in nine equal sections, call part, from London and had been bred to ing forth mention in the Colonial records mercantile and commercial pursuits. for the perfection of his work. Shortly Their coming was hailed at Boston with thereafter the Governor of New Jersey much joy, for they were the most opu deputed John Brockett "to lay out, sur lent of the companies who had emigrated vey, and bound the said bounds of Eliz to New England." abeth Towne (now the city of Elizabeth, These men were unwilling to join the New Jersey), the planting fields, town Massachusetts Colony and explored the lots, and to lay out every particular man's coast of Long Island, in search of a site proposition, according to his allotments on which to settle. They selected a tract and the directions of the Governor, for of land near the Quinipiace river, the site the avoiding of all controversies and dis of the present city of New Haven, and putes concerning the same, having had left seven of their number to hold it for certain notice of the good experience, the winter. In the spring of the follow knowledge, skill and faithfulness of John ing year the Rev. Mr. Davenport, and a Brockett in the surveying and laying out company of men, among whom was John of land." Brockett, reached the site, bought the As a reward for his services in the ground from the Indians, and set up an above instance, he was allotted a portion independent government or "Plantation of land in Elizabeth, which he held until Covenant," founded, as were all the early 1670, when he sold it to one Samuel Hop governments of New England, on a stern kins. During the time he was surveying religious basis. in Elizabethtown (from December, 1667 They called the town which they found to 1670), John Brockett lived there, and 159 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY became an important member of the com founded the Congregational church at munity, and was chosen, with John Og- Wallingford, deciding "that there be a den, Senior, to represent the town in the church of Christ gathered to walk ac House of Burgesses. cording to the Congregational way." John One of the Connecticut religious papers, Brockett died in Wallingford, Con published in 1868, refers to John Brock- necticut, on March 12, 1690, at the age ett as follows: "John Brockett, the of eighty years. His children were: 1. eldest son of Sir John Brockett, of the John, mentioned below. 2. Benjamin, County of Herts, England, was a well born February 23, 1645, died the same known loyalist of the time of Charles I., year. 3. Fruitful, twin of Benjamin. 4. becoming convinced of the truth of the Mary, born September 25, 1646; married gospel as preached by the Puritans, re Ephraim Pennington. 5. Silence, born linquished his birthright and all his pros January 4, 1648; married, at Milford, pects of honor and fame, joined himself Massachusetts, October 25, 1667, Joseph to the little company of Rev. John Da Bradley. 6. Benjamin, born December, venport, emigrated to New England and 1648, married Elizabeth Barnes. 7. Aba- settled at New Haven in 1637. Of him, gail, born March 10, 1650; married, Jan as of Moses, it could be said that he pre uary 22, 1673, John Payne ; died July 4, ferred to suffer affliction with the people 1729. 8. Samuel, born January 14, 1652; of God than to enjoy the pleasures of Sin married Sarah Bradley. 9. Jabez, born for a season." and died in 1654. 10. Jabez, born There is no record of his marriage. October 24, 1656; married Dorothy Ly However, a seat was assigned in the man. church to "Sister Brockett" in 1646. It (II) John (2) Brockett, son of John is supposed that John Brockett married (1) Brockett, the progenitor, was born in England in 1640 or 1641, during which in New Haven in 1642, and was baptized time he returned to England for a visit. January 31, 1643. He was educated at He did not, however, bring his wife to Oxford University in England for the America until 1644 ог 1045- He was ap medical profession. Upon returning to pointed surgeon in King Philip's War, America he began to practice in New Ha and was deputy to the General Court of ven, but soon located at Muddy River, Connecticut during the years 1671, 1678, near North Haven, between New Haven 1680, 1682, and 1685. and Wallingford, where he remained dur In the autumn of 1669, John Brockett ing his lifetime. He owned a large and was one of the men appointed by the one carefully selected library of valuable hundred settlers of Wallingford, an off medical books, which he gave to Yale shoot of the New Haven Colony, "to College at his death. In the first allot manage all plantation affairs in ye said vil ment of land in Wallingford he received lage." In the first allotment of land in eight acres, as has already been men Wallingford, John Brockett received tioned. In 1689 he was given forty-four twelve acres, and his son, John, eight acres. He was the first physician to per acres. His house lot was "No. 1, at the manently reside in the New Haven Col extreme south end of the village, forty ony, and as such was a man of import rods long and twenty rods wide, subse ance. Under his father's will Dr. John quently extended to Wharton's Brook." Brockett received large quantities of land, He was one of the thirteen men who and in addition to his practice, he carried

160 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY on extensive farming. He married Eliz Granis. 5. Samuel, born March, 1715. 6. abeth Doolittle, daughter of Abraham Benjamin, born December, 1717. 7. Eliz Doolittle, one of the men elected with abeth, born May 9, 1718; married, July John Brockett, Senior, to manage the af 14, 1747, Jared Robinson. 8. Mary, born fairs of Wallingford. She was born April June 26, 1719; married, July 18, 1749, 12, 1652, and died March, 1731. Dr. John John Jacobs. 9. Abraham, born May 19, Brockett died in November, 1720, and his 1721, died April 7, 1774. 10. Abagail, twin will, dated New Haven, August 31, 1720, of Abraham, married Mr. Barnes. 11. gives all his property to his widow, who John, born December 31, 1722; married was his sole executor. Their children (first) Thankful Frost; (second) . M. were: 1. Mary, born May 6, 1673, died Cooper. 12. Ebenezer, born July, 1724; in 1673. 2. Mary, born February 18, 1674; married Esther Hoadley. 13. Abel, born married Lawrence Clinton. 3. John, born August 11, 1725; married, July 24, 1755, October 23, 1676, died November 29, 1676. Hannah Pierpont. 14. Richard, mentioned 4. Elizabeth, born November 26, 1677; below. 15. Stephen, born March 20, 1729; married, October 12, 1710, at Walling married, March 27, 1771, Mabel M. ford, Connecticut, John Granis. 5. Ben Barnes. 16. Sarah, born May 29, 1731 ; jamin, born and died in 1679. 6. Moses, married, September 16, 1771, Stephen mentioned below. 7. Abigail, born March Hitchcock. 17. Ichabod, born November, 31, 1683; married, July 9, 1712, John Par 1733. 18. Keziah, born June 13, 1735; dee; died August 2, 1752. 8. John, born married Mr. Sanford. September 13, 1686, died November 17, (IV) Richard Brockett, son of Moses 1709. 9. Samuel, born November 8, 1691 ; and Ann Lydia (Granis) Brockett, was married, August 5, 1712, Mehitable Hill, born September 11, 1727. On March 13, daughter of John Hill. 1756, he married Mary Pierpont, daughter (Ill) Moses Brockett, son of John (2) of Joseph and Hannah (Russell) Pier and Elizabeth (Doolittle) Brockett, was pont. (See Pierpont IV). She was a born in Wallingford, Connecticut, April granddaughter of Rev. James Pierpont, 23, 1680. He married Ann Lydia Granis, one of the founders of Yale College, and on January 8, 1706, and was among the for thirty years pastor of the First earliest settlers at Muddy River. He was Church in New Haven, Connecticut. She a wealthy farmer and land owner, one was also granddaughter of the Rev. single piece of land being one mile in Thomas Hooker, one of the founders of width and two miles long. He was an ac the Connecticut Colony at Hartford. She tive member of the First Ecclesiastical was born October 20, 1738, and died June Society, and his name is recorded in the 21, 1773. In 1760 Richard Brockett and manuscript notes of President Ezra Stiles Mary, his wife, were members of the of Yale College. His wife died April 6, Congregational church in New Haven. 1742. He died November 5, 1764. Their On December 14, 1790, seventeen years children were: 1. Anne, born September after the death of his first wife, he mar 27, 1707; married, March 25, 1728, Daniel ried a widow, Jerima Jacobs, who sur Barnes. 2. Silence, born November 3, vived him and died September 7, 1830. 1709; married Mr. Frisbee. 3. Lydia, The children of Richard and Mary (Pier born August 28, 1712; Married, Novem pont) Brockett were: 1. Joseph, born ber 29, 1744, Henry Barnes. 4. Moses, January 17, 1757; married Rebecca Tut- born January 17, 1714; married Priscilla tle. 2. Mary, born March 13, 1759; mar i6i A.B.-6-11 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

ried, June 16, 1779, James Ives, of Great Henry A., born January 19, 1809. 2. Ju Barrington. 3. Giles, mentioned below. nius F. (see Hill VII). 3. Sarah M., born 4. Lydia, born November 29, 1763; mar April 4, 1816, died January 24, 1822. 4. ried, February 22, 1787, Philomen Blakes- Eunice H., born November 8, 1818, died bee. 5. Richard, born January, 1768. 6. April 1, 1890, unmarried. 5. Ellen M., Jesse, born January 16, 1770, died Janu born June 19, 1824, in Waterbury, died ary 17, 1770. 7. Jesse, born February 10, April 29, 1896, in Oneonta, New York; 1772, died February 13, 1772. married John Benjamin Taylor, March 4, (V) Giles Brockett, son of Richard and 1844, in Naugatuck, Connecticut. 6. Rob Mary (Pierpont) Brockett, was born in ert W. (see Hill VII). ' North Haven, Connecticut, April 30, 1761. During the Revolutionary War he en listed in 1778 with the Connecticut troops PIERPONT FAMILY, under Colonel Mead. His name is on the Ancestral History. pension list in 1832. At the close of the war he decided to become a sailor, but af Arms— argent, Semée of cinquefoils, gules. A ter one or two voyages to the West In lion rampant, sable. dies, returned to North Haven and be Crest — A fox passant proper, on a wreath. Motto — Pie repone te. came a farmer. He was a public man and quite prominent in his community. He The Pierpont family is of Norman ori was deputy to the General Court in 1804, gin, antedating the Norman Conquest. and representative in the Connecticut The Castle of Pierrepont took its name in State Legislature in 1809. He married, the time of Charlemagne from a stone November 17, 1785, Sarah Smith, daugh bridge built to replace a ferry on the ter of Captain Stephen Smith, of New estate of Pierrepont, which is located in Haven. She was born July 10, 1768, and the southern part of Picardy, in the dio died November 27, 1841. Giles Brockett cese of Laon, about six miles south of was a Mason, and he and his wife were Saint Saveur, Normandy. The first lord members of the First Congregational of whom we have authentic information Church in Waterbury, where they re was Sir Hugh de Pierrepont, who flour moved in 1803. He died there June 2, ished about 980 A. D. He was succeeded 1842. Their children were: 1. Polly, men by his son, Sir Godfrey de Pierrepont, tioned below. 2. Sarah, born January 20, who was the father of Sir Godfrey de 1789; married Samuel D. Castle. 3. Pat Pierrepont, who left two sons. Sir God ty, born April 29, 1791 ; married A. H. frey de Pierrepont and Sir Robert de Johnson. 4. Harriet, born March 28, 1794; Pierrepont. This Sir Godfrey de Pierre married Colonel Samuel Peck. 5. Ros- pont was the father of Sir Ingolbrand de well, born July 17, 1796, died, unmarried, Pierrepont, lord of the Castle about 1090 in Greenville, Michigan, April 1, 1853. 6. A. D., and ancestor of the French family Lydia, born July 17, 1798; married Smith of the name. Sir Robert de Pierrepont Miller. went to England in the train of William (VI) Polly Brockett, daughter of Giles the Conqueror, and was the founder of and Sarah (Smith) Brockett, was born the English family. December 21, 1786. She married Samuel The seventh in descent from Robert de Hill, of Waterbury (see Hill VI), Octo Pierrepont was Sir Henry, of Holme Pier ber 14, 1807. They had six children: 1. pont, in the right of his wife Annora, 162

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY daughter of Michael Manversm, Lord of influence of his position in the communi Holme. Generations later, Robert Pier- ty, and the recognized value of his coun pont was created Earl of Kingston in sel, he was able to revive and carry out 1628. His last male descendant was Eve John Davenport's long-cherished plan for lyn Pierpont, second Duke of Kingston, a college in Connecticut. who died in 1773. Robert, Earl of Kings Through his influence and efforts the ton, had a younger brother, William Pier original board of trustees of Yale Col pont, who was the father of James Pier lege was organized, a charter secured, and pont, the immigrant ancestor of the a rector appointed. Tradition also states American family. that he presented six of the original for (I) James Pierpont, founder of the ty-two books which were the foundation family herein dealt with, emigrated to of the College Library. Mr. Pierpont America with two sons, John, mentioned has been called the "Founder of Yale." below, and Robert. Largely through his energy and foresight (II) John Pierpont, son of James Pier the college was established, and he guid pont, was born in London, England, in ed it through the early struggle for a firm 1619, and came to America with his fath footing. He was instrumental also in se er, settling in Roxbury, Massachusetts, curing Elihu Yale's gifts. Rev. James now a part of Boston, where he bought Pierpont was a member of the Saybrook three hundred acres of land. He was a Synod in 1708, and is said to have drawn deputy to the General Court. He died up the articles of the famous "Saybrook in 1682. He married Thankful Stow. Their Platform," which aimed to promote dis children were: 1. Thankful, born No cipline and closer fellowship among the vember 26, 1649, died young. 2. John, born churches of Connecticut. He was one July 22, 1651, died young. 3. John, born of the leaders of the Synod, and was not October 28, 1652. 4. Experience, born ed throughout New England for the no January 4, 1655. 5. Infant, born August bility of his character and the spirituality 3, 1657, died young. 6. James, mentioned of his life. His only publication was a ser below. 7. Ebenezer, born December 21, mon preached in Cotton Mather's pulpit 1661. 8. Thankful, born November 18, in 1712, "Sundry False Hopes of Heaven 1663. 9. Joseph, born April 6, 1666. 10. Discovered and Decryed." He married Benjamin, born July 26, 1668. (first) Abigail, granddaughter of John Da (III) Rev. James (2) Pierpont, son of venport, October 27, 1691, who died Feb John and Thankful (Stow) Pierpont, was ruary 3, 1692. He married (second) May born in Roxbury, Massachusetts, Janu 30, 1694, at Hartford, Connecticut, Sarah, ary 4, 1659. Me was graduated from Har daughter of Rev. Joseph Haynes; she vard College in the class of 1681, and died October 7, 1696. He married (third) three years later preached before the in 1698, Mary Hooker, born July 3, 1673, church in New Haven as a candidate. He died November 1, 1740, daughter of Rev. was an able preacher and in addition to Samuel Hooker, of Farmington, and a his ability won the love and confidence of granddaughter of Rev. Thomas Hooker, the congregation. He was ordained and of Hartford, Connecticut. Child of sec settled as its pastor in 1685, and resided ond wife: 1. Abagail, born September in New Haven until his death, thirty 19, 1696. Children of third wife : 1. James, years later. He was the successor of the born May 21, 1699. 2. Samuel, born De Rev. John Davenport, and through the cember 30, 1700. 3. Mary, born Novem 163 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ber 23, 1702. 4. Joseph, mentioned below. a position of influence in New England 5. Benjamin, born July 18, 1706, died De for a period of two hundred and fifty cember 17, 1706. 6. Benjamin, born Oc years. Hooker, himself, is one of the tober 15, 1707, graduate of Yale College, most famous figures in early New Eng 1726. 7. Sarah, born January 9, 1709, mar land civic and secular life. Of his early ried Jonathan Edwards, the noted divine. parentage, two generations have been 8. Hezekiah, born May 6, 1712. traced as follows : Rev. James Pierpont died November 2, (I) John Hooker, grandfather of the 1714, and is buried under the present Cen American immigrant, was of Devonshire, tre Church in New Haven. A memorial England. He had a brother, Roger Hook tablet in this church has upon it the chief er, and a sister, Mary, who married John facts of his life, the engraved arms of the Russell, of Leicestershire. Children: 1. Pierpont family, and the following in John, who lived in Somersetshire. 2. scription : "His gracious gifts and fer Thomas, mentioned below. 3. Rev. Zach- vent piety, elegant and winning manners ariah, rector of St. Michael's, Cathays, were devoutly spent in the services of his Cornwall. Lord and Master." Among the lineal de (II) Thomas Hooker, son of John scendants of James Pierpont were Jona Hooker, was of Devonshire. He was the than Edwards, the younger, his grand father of three children: 1. A daughter, son ; the elder President Timothy Dwight, who became the wife of Dr. George Al- his great grandson ; and the younger Pres cock. 2. Rev. Thomas, mentioned below. ident Timothy Dwight, late president of 3. Dorothy, who married John Chester, Yale College. His portrait, which was pre of Leicestershire. sented to the college, hangs in Alumni (III) Rev. Thomas (2) Hooker, son of Hall. Thomas (1) Hooker, was born at Mar- (IV) Joseph Pierpont, son of Rev. field, Leicestershire, England, July 7, James (2) and Mary (Hooker) Pierpont, 1586. He subsequently became one of the was born in New Haven, Connecticut, most liberal as well as one of the ablest October 21, 1704. He married Hannah and most intellectual of New England's Russell, who died in 1748. Among their early theologians. His early training, children was Mary, who married, on environment and education fitted him well March 13, 1756, Richard Brockett, son of for the part he was to play in New Eng Moses and Ann Lydia (Granis) Brock land affairs. Cotton Mather, in his "Mag- ett. (See Brockett IV). She was born nalia," says of him : "He was born of October 20, 1738, and died June 21, 1773. parents that were neither unable nor un willing to bestow upon him a liberal edu cation ; whereunto the early lively spark HOOKER FAMILY, les of wit observed in him did very much to encourage them. His natural temper Ancestral History. was cheerful and courteous; but it was Arms — Sable a fesse between six fleurs-de-lis accompanied with such a grandeur of argent. mind, as caused his friends, without the Crest— A demi-eagle displayed gules, charged on help of astrology, to prognosticate that he the breast with a ducal coronet, or. was born to be considerable." The posterity of the famous Puritan di Regarding his education and conver vine, Rev. Thomas Hooker, has occupied sion, Sprague says: "He was educated 164 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY at Emanuel College, Cambridge, of which William Ames. Dr. Ames is said to have in due time he became a Fellow. He ac remarked that he never met a man equal quitted himself in this office with such to Mr. Hooker as a preacher or a learned ability and fidelity as to secure universal disputant. respect and admiration. It was while he Mr. Hooker decided to go to New Eng was thus employed that he became deep land, but wished to return to England ly impressed with the importance of eter first, as the times were supposed to be nal realities, and after a protracted sea somewhat more tolerant. On his arrival son of bitter anguish of spirit, he was en there, however, he found that his enemies abled to submit without reserve to the were still active, and he was obliged to terms of the Gospel, and thus find peace live in concealment until his departure and joy in believing. His religious ex to New England. He left England about perience, in its very commencement, the middle of July, 1633, from the Downs, seems to have been uncommonly deep and on the ship, "Griffin." Such was his peril thorough, and no doubt it was partly ow that he and his friend, Mr. Cotton, were ing to this that he became much distin obliged to remain concealed until the ship guished, in after life, as a counsellor, com was well out to sea. He arrived at Bos forter and guide, to the awakened and ton, Massachusetts, September 4, 1633, desponding." and on October 11, he was chosen pastor In 1608 he was graduated from Eman of the church at Newton (Cambridge). uel College, Cambridge, with the de He remained there, to the great satisfac gree of B. A. This was the intellectual tion of the people, for two and one-half center of Puritanism, and he remained to years. In June, 1636, he joined the com take his Master's degree in 161 1. About pany of those who went to make a settle- 1626, after preaching in the Parish of GAL. Hun. & Eighteen — Biog. 6. Esher in Surrey, he became a lecturer in ment at Hartford, Connecticut, and from the Church of St. Mary, at Chelmsford, this time was identified with almost all Essex, delivering on market days and the important public movements of the Sunday afternoons, evangelical addresses colony. He was one of the moderators which were noted for their moral fervor. of the first New England Synod held at In 1629 Archbishop Laud took measures Cambridge, in the case of the famous to suppress church lectureships which Anne Hutchinson. He published many were an innovation to Puritanism. Hook books and sermons between 1637 and his er was placed under bond and retired to death. He fell a victim of a violent epi Little Baddon, four miles from Chelms demic disease, and died July 7, 1647. ford. In 1630 he was cited to appear be Rev. Thomas Hooker was a leader of fore the Court of High Commission, but great liberality, free from the character forfeited his bond and fled to Holland. istic bigotry and narrowness of his time. Mr. Hooker remained in Holland three He publicly criticized the limitation of years, and was first employed as an as suffrage to church members, and accord sistant of Mr. Paget at Amsterdam. On ing to William Hubbard, a contemporary account of a misunderstanding with him, historian, "After Mr. Hooker's coming Mr. Hooker removed to Delft, and was as- over it was observed that many of the associated with Rev. Mr. Forbes, a Scotch freemen grew to be very jealous of their minister. Two years later he accepted a liberties." In a sermon before the Con call to Rotterdam to assist the Rev. Dr. necticut General Court, in 1638, he de »65 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY clared that "the choice of public magis Thomas (2) Hooker, was born in 1633, trates belongs to the people by God's al and was educated at Harvard College, lowance and that they who had the pow graduating in 1663. He succeeded Rev. er to appoint magistrates, it is in their Roger Newton, his brother-in-law, and power to set the bounds and limitations was second pastor of the church at Farm- of the power and place into which they ington, Connecticut, where he was or call them." dained in July, 1661. He was on a com In advancing this theory Hooker was mittee of four in 1662, to treat with the greatly ahead of his age, yet even he had New Haven Colony in reference to the no conception of the separation of church proposed union with Connecticut under and state, as is shown in his own words: one Colonial government. All of the de "The privilege of election, which belong scendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker bear to the people, must be exercised, accord ing the surname Hooker are also his de ing to the blessed will and love of God." scendants. He was a fellow of Harvard, Hooker was also a champion of the right and on account of his earnestness and pi of magistrates to convene Synods, and in ety was called "the fervent Hooker." He the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut had the habit of committing his sermons (1639), which it is thought he framed, the to memory, and was a powerful and effec union of church and state is presupposed. tive preacher. He died at Farmington, Hooker was pastor of the Hartford church November 6, 1697. until his death on July 7, 1647. He was, He married, September 22, 1658, Mary from the time of the founding of the col Willett, born at Plymouth, May 4, 1643, ony, one of the foremost figures in the re daughter of Captain Thomas Willett, of ligious and public life. He was active in Swansea, Massachusetts, afterwards See- the formation of the New England Con konk, Rhode Island. Her mother was federation in 1643, and ш the same year Mary (Brown) Willett. Mary Hooker attended the meeting of Puritan ministers married (second) August 10, 1703, Rev. at Boston, whose object was to defend Thomas Buckingham, of Saybrook, Con Congregationalism. In 1648 he wrote a necticut. Children of the Rev. Samuel "Survey of the Summe of Church Dis and Mary Hooker: 1. Dr. Thomas, born cipline, in justification of New England's June 10, 1659. 2. Samuel, born May 22, church system." In 1638 he was the auth 1661. 3. William, born May 11, 1663, mer or of "The Soule's Humiliation," in which chant at Farmington. 4. John, born Feb he assigns as a test of conversion willing ruary 20, 1664-65. 5. Hon. James, born ness of the convert to be damned if it be October 27, 1666, resided at Guilford, Con God's will. necticut. 6. Roger, born September 14, Rev. Thomas Hooker married, accord 1668, died unmarried, 1697-98; resided at ing to family tradition, a sister of John Hartford. 7. Nathaniel, born September Pym. Children: 1. Rev. John, minister 28, 1671, died 1 71 1. 8. Mary, mentioned of the Established Church in England. 2. below. 9. Hezekiah, born November 7, Joanna, born about 1616, died 1646. 3. 1675, died 1686. 10. Daniel, born March Mary, born 1618. 4. Sarah, married Rev. 25, 1679. 11. Sarah, born May 5, 1681 ; John Wilson. 5. Daughter, married and married Rev. Stephen Buckingham, of became a widow. 6. Samuel, mentioned Norwalk, Connecticut. below. (V) Mary Hooker, daughter of Rev. (IV) Rev. Samuel Hooker, son of Rev. Samuel and Mary (Willett) Hooker, was 166

«dir '

¿T&Cnj? J ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY born in New Haven, Connecticut, July 3, a born leader of men and led with a 1673. She married Rev. James Pierpont, rough, unsparing hand. He spoke freely the noted divine of New Haven (see Pier his own opinion, yet resented the freedom pont III), and was the mother of Sarah, with which the newspapers of the country who married the celebrated Rev. Jona discussed his official doings, although no than Edwards. man in American public life ever owed so much to the publicity the newspapers gave him. His tastes were domestic, he ROOSEVELT, Theodore, thoroughly enjoyed life and wasted no Twenty-sixth President of the United time over trivial worries. He held the States. highest ideals of public and private honor, It is not an easy task to write truthfully, and a public career covering thirty-seven intelligently and frankly of Theodore years left him without taint or stain of Roosevelt, there being much in his char dishonor. His was a deeply sympathetic acter and record difficult to analyze or ex nature and he possessed a lively sense of plain. Then again it is hard to obtain a humor. He was fond of athletics but true perspective, the nearness of the never greatly excelled, boxing being his events in which he figured so prominently favorite sport, although in that he was not allowing partisanship to abate, and greatly handicapped by being near sight calm, cool judgment to reign. No man ed. His love for the open was a passion had warmer, truer friends nor more bit from boyhood and to that love his strong ter, implacable enemies, his positive, con constitution was due. "As a boy in col troversial nature both attracting and re lege he was a good student but he entered pelling. He was equally pronounced in into and enjoyed every phase of college his own likes and dislikes, rewarding and life and was popular with all. The nat punishing without stint. His was the soul ural sciences, history and political econ of controversy, yet men loved him who omy were the studies that interested him rarely agreed with him, and his most most; he had honorable mention in nat obvious faults seemed rather to increase ural history, had a commencement part his popularity with the masses. The in and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He consistencies and quarrels in which he was intense in everything he did, his oc was involved were largely tempermental. cupation for the moment was to the ex He did not always reason closely but oft clusion of everything else. His power of en jumped at conclusions and then enter concentration, a great gift, was one which ed the fray, never doubting the correct contributed largely to his ability to ac ness of the opinions thus hastily arrived at. complish so much in so many fields of This was also temperament, his being that activity." He performed a vast amount type of mind which easily believes that of literary labor between the years of which it wants to believe. He was a pow 1882 — 1919, his first book "The Naval erful advocate for any cause to which he War of 1812" appearing in the first named lent his voice and influence, and his de year. During his term as governor of clared position on any public question, New York he published "The Rough whether for or against, at once crystal Riders," "The Strenuous Life," and the lized sentiment, and men were for or "Life of Oliver Cromwell." His versatili against that measure or course of action ty was amazing and his reputation might who hitherto had Been apathetic. He was safely rest upon either his literary per 167 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY formance, his public career or his con Heltje Sjverts (also spelled Hyla Suerts) ; tributions to the cause of education their son Jacobus Roosevelt and his sec through his exploring and hunting trips. ond wife Elenora Thompson ; their son From an old and important family of Jacobus (2) Roosevelt, who, as James L. Holland sprang Claes Martinzen Van Roosevelt, served as commissary during Roosevelt, who in 1654 came to New the War of the Revolution, and his wife, Amsterdam, the first of the name to set Mary Van Schaick; their youngest son tle in the New World. By wife Jannetje Cornelius Van Schaick Roosevelt, and his he had a son from whom descended Theo wife Margaret Barnhill, a granddaughter dore Roosevelt, twenty-sixth president of Thomas Potts of Pennsylvania, men- of the United States, whose sudden ber of the Continental Congress ; their death, January 6, 1919, plunged a na son Theodore ( 1 ) Roosevelt and his wife tion in grief. The family early obtained Martha Bulloch, of Roswell, Georgia; large real estate holdings in New York their son, Theodore (2) Roosevelt, to city, their lands lying between Pearl, whose memory this review is dedicated. Roosevelt and Catherine streets, extend Cornelius Van Schaick Roosevelt, ing from Chatham street to the East riv grandfather of Theodore (2), inherited a er, the tract known originally as Rugers large fortune from his father and grand farm. Descendants of Claes and Jan father, and to this he made substantial netje Roosevelt, intermarried with the additions. For many years he was en Schuyler, Bogaert, Provost, Van Schaick, gaged in the importation of hardware and DePeyster, Latrobe, Barclay, Van Court- plate glass ; was one of the founders of land, Lispenard and other equally well the Chemical Bank of New York City, known Dutch and English families of and one of New York's wealthiest men. New York, and through these marriages He established a summer home at Oyster and the commercial achievement the Bay, Long Island, called "Tranquility" Roosevelts came into great social and and there his son Theodore (1) Roosevelt business prominence. In every genera spent the summer months all through his tion they represented their localities in life, the old home also being the home of Colonial and State affairs, and Roosevelt Theodore (2) Roosevelt during his early is a name as well known in the United childhood. 4 States as that of Washington. In Hol Theodore (1) Roosevelt was born in land the family bore arms : New York City, September 29, 1831, and Arms — Argent on a mount vert a rose bush died there February 9, 1878. He became with three roses proper. a member of the glass importing firm, Crest — Three ostrich feathers per pale gules Roosevelt & Company, No. 2 Maiden and argent. Lane, there continuing in business until Motto — Qui plantavit curabit. 1876, when he established in the banking From Claes Martinzen Van Roosevelt, business with his son at No. 32 Pine the line of descent to Theodore Roosevelt street, New York. He was a State com is through the former's fourth child, missioner of public charities, vice-presi Nicholas Roosevelt, an alderman of New dent of the Union League, and was ap York City 1 698-1 701, and his wife Heytje pointed collector of the port of New York Jans; their son, Johannes Roosevelt, as by President Hayes, but failed of confir sistant alderman of New York City 1717- mation, the Senate objecting to him on 1727, alderman 1730- 1733, and his wife account of his former affiliation with an 168 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY importing business, which some believed was preparing him. He was graduated he retained an interest in. He was a most А. В., Harvard, class of 1880, and shortly charitable man, abounding in good works, afterward purchased 100 acres of mostly but particularly interested in the Ortho wood land at Oyster Bay, which he nam paedic Hospital in 59th street, New York, ed "Sagamore Hill," a name which had the Newsboys' Lodging House and the then no especial significance, but which Young Men's Christian Association. later became the mecca to which all eyes Theodore (1) Roosevelt married Martha turned and where the greatest men of his Bullock, daughter of James and Martha party met to counsel with their greatest (Oswald) Bullock of Roswell, Georgia, leader. and granddaughter of Archibald Bullock, In 1882 Theodore Roosevelt made his first Revolutionary governor of Georgia, first appearance in public life as a mem and Mary de Vaux, of Huguenot blood, ber of the New York Legislature, repre and a maternal granddaughter of Edward senting the 21 st Assembly district of New Bellinger, one of the Carolina landgraves. York. His party was in the minority Governor Archibald Bullock was a son of but he displayed strong qualities of lead James Bullock, who came from Scotland ership and was returned in 1883. During about 1 71 5, a blood relation of the Doug that session he espoused the cause of lass Barton and other famed families. He State civil service reform, and was settled in Georgia, was a member of the again returned to the Legislature in 1884. Provincial Congress and held many im As chairman of the committee on cities, portant positions of honor and trust. he reported and urged to passage a bill Martha (Bullock) Roosevelt died Febru abolishing fees in the office of the county ary 15, 1884, leaving four children: An clerk and register, curtailing abuses in na, married Capt. W. S. Cowles of the the surrogate's and sheriff's offices, and United States Navy; Theodore (2) of secured the passage of a bill that de further mention ; Elliott ; Corinne, mar prived aldermen of the power to confirm ried Douglass (2) Robinson. The Roose appointments to office, and centered in the velt home was on West 57th street, New mayor the responsibility for the adminis York, the summer home "Tranquility," tration of municipal affairs. He was Oyster Bay, Long Island. chairman of the New York delegation to Theodore (2) Roosevelt, eldest son of the National Republican Convention of Theodore and Martha (Bullock) Roose 1884, which nominated James G. Blaine velt, was born in New York, October for the presidency, and in 1886 was an 27, 1858, died suddenly at his home "Sag independent candidate for mayor of New amore Hill," Oyster Bay, Long Island, York City. He received the endorsement January 6, 1919. His early life was large of the Republican party but was defeated ly spent amid the healthful surroundings by his Democratic opponent, Abram S. of "Tranquility," once owned by his Hewitt. During the years 1884-86 he re grandfather, and there from a weakly sided on a ranch in North Dakota, there child he developed into a wiry, earnest, gaining that intimate knowledge of West fearless lad, who rode, swam, climbed, ern life and ways which he gave to the rowed and jumped, toughening every limb world in "Hunting Trips of a Ranchman," and muscle and laying the foundation for which he published in 1885. In May, 1889, the great strength which enabled him to he was appointed United States Civil Ser lead the strenuous life for which destiny vice Commissioner by President Harri 169 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY son, and until May, 1895, he served as to remain here while fighting is going on, president of the board. In that office he after urging other men to risk their lives was most useful, aiding greatly in estab for their country." The regiment recruit lishing important changes in the manner ed among the ranchmen and cowboys of of making appointments and bettering the West, and former friends of Mr. conditions in the public service. In May, Roosevelt in college, and in public 1895, he resigned from the board to ac life, was mustered into the United cept appointment as president of the New States service as the first United States York Police Board, an office he held until regiment, Volunteer Cavalry, Dr. Leon 1897. As police commissioner he en ard Wood, colonel ; Theodore Roose forced civil service rules in appointments velt, lieutenant-colonel. This regiment, and promotions; stood for a rigid en known as the "Rough Riders," par forcement of the excise laws and opposed ticularly distinguished itself at Las all corrupting influences. In 1897 he re Animas and San Juan Hill, in Cuba, dur tired from the police board, having been ing the short lived war with Spain, Col appointed assistant secretary of the navy onel Wood being made brigadier-gen under President McKinley. This was his eral July 8, 1898, and major-general De first appearance in national public life, cember 7, 1898. Lieutenant-Colonel and he at once made his presence felt. Roosevelt, for gallantry in action at the Trouble with Spain had long been brew same battles, was promoted colonel in ing and as assistant secretary, Mr. Roose September, 1898, a title which attached velt advocated a campaign of prepared to him until the day of his death. A ness which was carried out, but in a rath graphic account of the charge of the er feeble manner. He encouraged the "Rough Riders" at San Juan Hill, and system of State naval reserve and "made Colonel Roosevelt's part in the battles is many addresses in which he upheld found in his own work, "The Rough Rid the manful necessity of war to compel ers," published in 1899, and in histories of peace and secure justice." When war the Spanish-American War. After the with Spain was inevitable he resigned destruction of the Spanish fleet by the his position as assistant secretary of American vessels under Admiral Samp the navy and asked for a commission son, the city of Santiago, Cuba, surren to organize a regiment of cavalry of dered on July 17, and soon afterward the which his friend, Dr. Leonard Wood, American forces were ordered home, their (now Major-General) then an assistant departure being hastened by the famous surgeon in the United States army, "Round Robin," a circular letter signed ranking as captain, was to be commis by the officers serving under General sioned colonel. The authorities sought Shafter. The justification for that letter to impress him with the idea that he was the fact that sickness prevaded the would be of greater service to his country entire force, less than fifty per cent, being in connection with the naval department, fit for work, and yellow fever prevailing, but he replied in these words: "The na chiefly among the Cubans. The Wash vy department is in good order. I have ington authorities seemed determined done all I can here. There are other men that the army should stay in Cuba, but who can carry it on as well as I ; but I the receipt of the "Round Robin" setting should be false to my ideals, false to the forth the true conditions of affairs views I have openly expressed, if I were brought about an instant change, and

170 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY within three days the army was ordered only contest being over the vice-presi home. dency. Owing to his independence and Colonel Roosevelt and his "Rough Rid vigorous enforcement of party pledges ers" were encamped at Montauk Point, Governor Roosevelt had incurred the op Long Island, and the following autumn, position of the State organization, and it peace having been declared, he resigned was deemed necessary to get him out of his commission, bade his devoted regi the way and thus prevent his nomination ment farewell and retired to his home, for a second term as governor. They "Sagamore Hill," at Oyster Bay." forced the governor's name on the con With the year 1898 Colonel Roosevelt vention against his very earnest protest, made his entry into political life as a but when the name of Theodore Roose recognized party leader, able to dictate his velt was once before the convention he own terms, and while the party leader, was nominated for vice-president of the Senator Piatt, was supreme, Colonel United States amid scenes of wildest ex Roosevelt as the gubernatorial candidate citement and enthusiasm, something very accepted the nomination unpledged, save unusual in connection with a vice-presi to work with all his heart for the cause dential nomination. Governor Roosevelt of good government. In November, 1898, only accepted the honor after it was he was elected governor of New York shown him that his popularity would save State by a plurality of 18,079, and filled the electoral votes of half a dozen Western honorably and efficiently the high office to states, and insure a Republican majority which he had been chosen. As governor, in Congress. But once he had accepted, he encouraged wise legislation and car he plunged into the contest with all his ried through every reform measure to energy, and all over the country his voice which he had pledged himself. He care was heard addressing audiences from fully examined every bill laid before him, train platforms, in the open air and in and signed none which were not able to public halls, or wherever he could find undergo the closest scrutiny. His task people gathered to hear him. He was was a most difficult one, for while reform warmly received almost everywhere and was a good thing to administer to the op proved the greatest campaigner William posite party, the State leaders brought J. Bryan had ever met. The result was a great pressure to bear upon Governor great victory for sound money and the Roosevelt to force him to exempt certain expansion policy of the first McKinley ad places and factions from the application ministration. On March 4, 1901, Colonel of "reform" measures. But he remained Roosevelt took the oath of office and was firm and administered the governor's of inaugurated vice-president of the United fice as a sacred trust, although he risked States. In his inaugural address he said his political future and did make power with almost prophetic vision : ful enemies in his own party. His choice We belong to a young nation already of giant of public officials was excellent and it was strength, yet whose present strength is but a his sincere wish that he be reelected in forecast of the power that is lo come. We stand order that he might complete the work he supreme in a continent, in a hemisphere. East had so well begun. and west we look across the two great oceans toward the larger world, life in which, whether In the year 1900 William McKinley we will or not, we must take an ever increasing was the choice of the Republican party share and as, keen-eyed, we gaze into the com to succeed himself in the presidency, the ing years, duties new and old, rise thick and fast 171 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

to confront us from within and without. There acy. The people were ready to follow a is every reason why we should face these duties new leadership and although they were with a sober appreciation alike of their import far in advance of Congress, their endorse ance and of their difficulty. But there is also every reason for facing them with high-hearted ment of the president brought both legis resolution and with eager and confident faith lative branches into line and the new or in our capacity to do them aright. der prospered. "President Roosevelt On Friday, September 6, 1901, the as brought to his great task high ideals, tounding news was flashed to the world prodigious industry, an active, educated that William McKinley, president of the mind, a good deal of political experience United States, had been shot by a fanatic, and an honest desire to do his best." one Czolgosz, while visiting the Pan- Questions dealt with during his adminis American Exposition at Buffalo, New tration were : The trusts, the railroads, York. Vice-President Roosevelt hastened the labor problems, the coal strike of to Buffalo and there was greatly delight 1902, some phases of the negro problem ed with the encouraging news that the and foreign relations. The president re wound was not necessarily fatal. He re garded his intervention in the coal strike mained in Buffalo for a few days then as his most important act in connection upon being assured that the danger point with the labor question. He recognized seemed past went on a hunting trip to the the necessity both of organized capital Adirondacks. But soon afterward he was and organized labor under proper super notified that a change for the worse had vision. taken place and he quickly returned to The corporation has come to stay, just as the Buffalo, but not reaching that city until trade union has come to stay. Each can do and some hours after the president's death. has done great good. Each should be favored as Although at a cabinet meeting held dur long as it does good, but each should be sharply ing the forenoon it had been decided that checked where it acts against law and justice. Mr. Roosevelt should at once take the The race question came into promin presidential oath, he positively refused to ence, the discussion being prompted by do so until he had paid his respects at the president's invitation to Booker T. William McKinley's bier as a private cit Washington to dine at the White House, izen, and offered his condolence to the and his appointment of Dr. Crum, a ne members of the family as such. Refus gro, as collector of the port of Charleston. ing a police escort, he drove to the Mil- On the other hand, in 1906, he ordered burn home paying his respects to the the discharge of three companies of col dead president, after which he took the ored soldiers from the United States oath of office and became the twenty- army because of the shooting-up by some sixth president of the United States. of them of Brownsville, Texas. The guilty With the rise of Theodore Roosevelt men could not be individually determined to the presidency a new poltical era was — there was a "conspiracy of silence" ushered in. He was of an entirely new among their comrades to protect them type, having neither business or profes — and so the president discharged them sional experience, nor did he know any all and said of his action, "If any organi thing of the Civil War save the knowl zation of troops, white or black, is guilty edge gained from books and from family of similar conduct in the future, I shall association North and South, his mother follow precisely the same course." being of a family noted in the Confeder President Roosevelt defined the Mon 172 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY roe Doctrine as a "declaration that there phatically believe that peace is not a gift that must be no territorial aggrandizement tarries long in the hands of cowards ; and the by any non-American power at the fool and the weakling are no improvement on the coward. expense of any American power on American soil." He advocated a big In regard to the tariff he was like most navy to enforce our position. He stood college graduates, favorable to "free in favor of the acquisition of the trade." In his "Life of Benton" in 1886, Philippines and always asserted that he said : we occupied the Islands for the good Free traders are apt to look at the tariff from we could do there. His foreign pol a sentimental stand-point; but it is in reality a icy was based upon the simple rule that purely business matter and should be decided we behave toward other nations as a solely on grounds of expectancy. Political eco nomists have pretty generally agreed that protec strong and self-respecting man should be tion is vicious in theory and harmful in practice ; have toward the other men with whom he but if the majority of the people in interest wish is brought in contact. Or, as he put it in it, and it affects only themselves there is no another way, "Speak softly and carry a earthly reason why they should not be allowed big stick." He always favored prepared to try the experiment to their heart's content. ness for war as the best means of secur While president, his position was that ing peace, regarding war as something to the question of lowering and raising the be avoided if possible, and honorable duties as proposed by the two parties did peace to be desired above all things. He not approach in importance the trust or was particularly interested in the navy labor problems so-called. He believed in and on one occasion said : a protective tariff administration under No fighting ship of the first class should ever a tariff commission and felt that if he be laid up save for necessary repairs ; and her had opened up the tariff question no good crew should be kept constantly exercised on the would have followed, and that he would high seas, so that she may stand at the highest have played into the hands of those who point of perfection. wished the tariff thrown open to discus It was with this end in view — to keep sion merely to avoid action on matters our fleet efficient — that it was sent to the which he regarded as of infinitely greater Pacific and then around the world. The importance. fleet reached Hampton Roads at the con Conservation of the nation's natural clusion of the 42,000 mile cruise on Feb resources was warmly championed by ruary 2i, 1909. On the occasion of their President Roosevelt from the time when, return Colonel Roosevelt, then an ex- as governor of New York, the Adirondack president, delivered a speech in which he forests were under consideration. When said in part: he became president, Frederick H. New ell and Gyford Pinchot were asked to When I left the presidency there was not a prepare memoranda for his use in writing cloud upon the horizon — and one of the reasons why there was not a cloud upon the horizon was his first message to the Fifty-Seventh that the American battle fleet had just returned Congress. In that message he advised from its sixteen months' trip around the world, extensions to the forest reserve and that a trip such as no other battle fleet of any power their control be transferred to the Bureau had ever taken, which it had not been supposed of Forestry. He said: could be taken, and which exercised a greater influence for peace than all the peace congresses The water supply itself depends upon the for of the last fifty years — with Lowell I must em est. In the arid region it is water, not land, which 173 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY measures production. The western half of the dent was constantly pressing his elabor United States would sustain a population greater ate program of legislation, Congress nev than that of our whole country today if the wa er being able to meet his expectations or ters that now run to waste were saved and used for irrigation. The forest and water problems the expectations of the people. Finally are perhaps the most vital internal questions of the legislative body came to feel that its the United States. efforts were not properly appreciated and In March, 1907, he added 16,000,000 that the Executive held a place in the acres to the forest reservation, just before confidence of the people that rightfully signing an act forbidding such reserva belonged to Congress; a condition not tion hereafter, except by Congress itself. unknown in our present public life. In speaking of the attacks upon the For The period covered by President Roose est Service and of his act, he said : velt's service had been one of industrial activity with few exceptions, a period of The opponents of the Forest Service turned handsprings in their wrath and dire were their singularly honest and efficient adminis threats against the Executive; but the threats tration of the government and one in could not be carried out and were really only a which the conscience of the people had tribute to the efficiency of our action. been wonderfully quickened and for this During his seven and a half years of the president was largely responsible. service as president he had in the main His administration came to an end the support of a Republican House and March 4, 1909, when his successor Wil Senate. The following were the prin liam H. Taft was inaugurated. He drove cipal acts passed : to the Capitol with President Taft and im The Elkins Anti-Rebate law ; the cre mediately after the inaugural address ation of a Department of Commerce and drove directly to the railway station, a Labor; the creation of a Bureau of Cor private citizen. porations ; the law authorizing the build It should be noted that President ing of the Panama Canal; the Hepburn Roosevelt was elected to succeed him Bill, amending the Interstate Commerce self in the presidential office November 8, Act; the Pure Food and Meat Inspec 1904, by the largest popular majority ever tion laws ; the law creating the Bureau of accorded a candidate, 2,542,062. Immigration; the Employers' Liability Perhaps the most conspicuous act of and Safety Appliance laws ; the laws lim his second administration was the offer iting the working hours of employes, to act as mediator between Russia and making the government liable for injuries Japan in 1906, an offer which resulted in to its employes, and forbidding child la the ending of war between those coun bor in the District of Columbia ; acts re tries, a treaty of peace following. For forming the consular service, and prohib this he was awarded the Nobel Peace iting corporations from contributing to prize ($40,000) which he used to endow campaign funds; the Emergency Cur the foundation for the Promotion of In rency Law which also provided for the dustrial Peace. That money was never appointment of a Monetary Commission. used, and in 1918 he applied to have it The passage of some of these bills was returned to him. Upon coming into pos attended with considerable friction and session of the money he devoted it to war towards the end of his second term rela relief work through the regular organiza tions between the president and Congress tion. became somewhat strained. The presi After a few days spent at Oyster Bay 174 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the ex-president on March 23, 1909, sail learned bodies which I was addressing and for ed for Africa in charge of a scientific ex men who shared their interest in scientific and pedition sent out by the Smithsonian In historical matters. In Paris after consulting with the French Ambassador U. Jusserand, through stitution to collect birds, mammals, rep whom the invitation was tendered, I decided to tiles and plants, but especially specimens speak more generally as the citizen of one repub oí big game for the National Museum at lic addressing the citizens of another republic. Washington. Speaking of that trip be fore starting, he said that "Nothing will His journey through Europe had been be shot unless for food, or for preserva a royal progress and he was received on tion as a specimen or unless the animal every hand with great acclaim as the is of a noxious kind. There will be no champion of the doctrine of equality, of wanton destruction whatever." While in opportunity for all men irrespective of Africa he wrote : race, creed or color. The single exception As a matter of fact every animal I have shot, to this was in Rome, where the Pope except six or eight for food, has been carefully coupled with his grant of an audience a preserved for the National Museum. I can be condition with which Mr. Roosevelt condemned only if the National Museum, the would not comply. The ex-president met American Museum of Natural History and all this issue squarely and in so doing similar zoological collections are to be condemned. took the risk of offending both the Cath The achievements of this expedition olics and Methodists of the United States. are recorded in a most interesting book, He had been advised and urged not to go "African Game Trails," written by Col. to Rome and thus avoid trouble, but he Roosevelt, who was accompanied on the said he would not invite trouble nor would trip by his son Kermit. The expedition he go a hand's breadth out of his way to ended on March 14, 1910, when it reached avoid trouble when he knew that he Khartoum and then began that extraor was in the right. He reached New York dinary journey through Europe during June 18, 1910, and received a royal wel which the ex-president delivered a series come, reaching, according to human of addresses which attracted world-wide standards, on that day, the zenith of his comment both favorable and unfavorable. fame. These speeches are preserved in a volume President Roosevelt ardently cham entitled "European and African Address pioned the nomination of William H. es." In the foreword in that book he Taft in 1908, and stood sponsor for him to says: the nation in these words: "There is no My original intention had been to return to the other man so well qualified for the office United States direct from Africa, by the same of president of the United States." The route I took when going out. I altered this inten power of the administration was used in tion because of receiving from the Chancellor of his favor and the South sent to the con Oxford University, Lord Curzon, an invitation to deliver the Romanes Lecture at Oxford. The vention solid Taft delegations. Not only Romanes Foundation had always greatly interest that, but every precaution was taken to ed me and I had been much struck by the general prevent the stampeding of the convention character of the annual addresses, so that I was to President Roosevelt, of which there glad to accept. Immediately afterwards I receiv was always danger. His trusted person ed and accepted invitations to speak at the Sor bonne in Paris and at the University of Berlin. al friend, Henry Cabot Lodge, was In Berlin and at Oxford my addresses were of a chairman of the convention, who in his scholastic character designed especially for the speech said : 175 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

That man is no friend of Theodore Roosevelt 191 2, a triangular contest between Wil and does not cherish his name and fame who, liam H. Taft, the regular Republican now, from any motive, seeks to urge him as a nominee, Theodore Roosevelt, the choice candidate for the great office which he has finally refused. The Prudent has refused what his of the Progressive party, and Woodrow countrymen would have gladly given him. He Wilson, the standard bearer of the De says what he means and means what he says mocracy, the last named being returned and his party and his country will respect his the victor over his two distinguished op wishes, as they honor his high character and his ponents. great public services. Mr. Roosevelt's political creed is con Mr. Taft was nominated and elected, tained in his Carnegie Hall address of but sometime in some way, during his March 20, 191 2, in which he said toward administration he and Colonel Roosevelt the close : came to the parting of the ways, no single In order to succeed we need leaders of inspired act so far as known being the cause of idealism, leaders who are granted great visions, their estrangement. who dream greatly and strive to make their In October, 1910, Colonel Roosevelt dreams come true ; who can kindle the people was chairman of the New York Republi with the fire from their own burning souls. The can State Convention and in full control. leader for the time being whoever he may be is but an instrument to be used until broken He compassed the defeat of James S. and then to be cast aside; and if he is worth his Sherman, vice-president of the United salt he will care no more when he is broken than States, and forced the nomination of a soldier cares when he is sent where his life Mr. Stimson as a Roosevelt candidate, is forfeit in order that the victory may be won. John Alden Dix, the Democratic candi In the long fight for righteousness the watchword for all of us is spend and be spent. It is of little date, being elected governor by 100,000 matter whether any one one man fails or suc votes. There was great pressure brought ceeds; but the cause shall not fail for it is the to bear upon Colonel Roosevelt to become cause of mankind. a candidate for the presidency for a third In that spirit he made the fight and be term in 1912, and gradually he became came the leader of the Progressive forces. convinced through interviews, the news Many of his friends would have preferred papers, letters and other communications to have him preserve the fame that was that two-thirds of the rank file of the his, undimmed by further political con Republican party wished him as their flict, but he chose the other course and in candidate; and that unless he made the the campaign inflicted and received many fight for the principles in which he be wounds, caused suffering and suffered lieved with all his heart and soul there much himself. His friend and biographer. would be no fight made for them. He was Charles G. Washburn, in his work, "Theo in that state of mind when on February dore Roosevelt," "The Logic of his Ca 10, 191 2, at a meeting in Chicago, the Re reer," from which extracts have been publican governors of seven states, West made for this review, thus sums up Col Virginia, Nebraska, New Hampshire, onel Roosevelt's action at that time: Wyoming, Michigan, Kansas and Mis souri, asked him in a formal letter to be No one would feel more keenly than he the loss come a candidate for the presidency. He of the political sympathy and support of those of his old friends who did not follow him and this made the race, lost the Republican nomi is to me convincing proof of his confidence in nation, then accepted that of the Pro the righteousness of his cause. To many of them, gressive party and made the election of to me, I am sure, parting company with him was

176 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY deeply painful. I count it among the sorrows of when about to retire from the presidency my life. He was imbued with the spirit of the accepted a position on the editorial staff crusader ; he believed he was leading a great of the "Outlook," declining the presidency cause, and that in doing so he was serving the best interests of his countrymen. A leader on of a corporation offering him $100,000 the field of battle sees nothing but his good and annual salary, to accept the "Outlook's" in his progress tramples alike on friend and foe. $12,000, so determined was he to make no Such was Roosevelt's relation to the conflict. commercial use of his name. He con This is the reply to the charge that he wantonly tinued his connection with the "Outlook" maimed and bruised many of his former asso ciates who differed with him politically . .. as special contributing editor until June, "Spend and be spent" was the motto emblazoned 1914, and was also a writer on the staff on his shield which was always found in the fore of several newspapers, notably the "Kan front of battle. Who will say that he should or sas City Star." He was a member of the could have followed any other course; or with American Academy of Arts and Letters. one poor mortal vision, that in the end his coun trymen may not profit by what his friends then His published works are : "History of the regarded as his great sacrifice. The result of the Naval War of 1812;" "Hunting Trips of a balloting in 1912 is interesting. Wilson 6,293,019, Ranchman ;" "Life of Thomas Hart Ben Roosevelt, 4,119,507, Taft, 3,484,956. ton;" "Life of Gouverneur Morris;" In 1916 Colonel Roosevelt was again "Ranch Life and Hunting Trails;" "Win the nominee of the Progressive party, but ning of the West," 1889 ; "History of New finally declined the honor and supported York;" "The Wilderness Hunter;" the Republican nominee, Charles Evans "American Ideals and Other Essays ;" Hughes, who was defeated by President "The Rough Riders;" "Life of Oliver Wilson. After the defeat of Judge Cromwell ;" "The Strenuous Life ;" Hughes, Colonel Roosevelt who had vig "Works" (8 volumes); "Outdoor Pas orously advocated preparedness for war times of an American Hunter ;" "Good with Germany seemed to regain a portion Hunting;" "True Americanism ;" "Afri of his popularity and prior to his death can and European Addresses;" "African he was regarded by many as the logical Game Trails ;" "The New Nationalism ;" nominee of the Republican party for the "Realizable Ideals" (The Earl Lectures) ; presidency in 1920, at all events he was "Conservation of Womanhood and Chil- sought in council by party leaders, and a hood ;" "History as Literature and Other partial reconciliation was brought about Essays ;" "Theodore Roosevelt, an Auto between he and his former close friend, biography ;" "Life Histories of African ex-President Taft. Colonel Roosevelt of Game Animals," (2 vols.) ; "Through the fered his services to the government, and Brazilian Wilderness;" "America and his right to be sent to France as an of the World War;" "A Booklover's Holi ficer of high rank was strongly urged, days in the Open;" "Fear God and Take through the press of the country. But his Your Own Part;" "Foes of Our Own age was against him, and as a civilian he Household ;" National Strength and In rendered valuable home service. He con ternational Duty" (Stafford Little Lec tinued a power in the party which both tures) ; "Hero Tales from American made and broke him until the hour of History" (in Collaboration with Henry his death and Sagamore Hill was ever a Cabot Lodge). news centre. In 1881, Colonel Roosevelt made his Colonel Roosevelt was long a contribu first trip to Europe and while in Switzer tor to magazines and newspapers, and land made the ascent of the Matterhorn 177 A.B.— 6-12 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and the Jungfrau. Another trip of espe ing through an alliance between crooked cial moment was as special embassador of business and crooked politics." A ver the United States at the funeral of King dict was rendered at Syracuse, New York, Edward of England, in 1910. May 22, 191 5, in favor of the defendant In 1913 Colonel Roosevelt visited South Another incident of this wonderful life, America and delivered addresses before more tragic yet with as happy an ending, universities and learned societies. He was his attempted assassination in Mil headed an exploring party to Brazil in waukee in October, 1912, while delivering 1914, there discovering and, between Feb a speech. The shot was fired by John ruary 27 and April 26, 1914, exploring for Schrank, who later was adjudged insane. a distance of about 600 miles a territory The ball entered the Colonel's body in of the Maderia river, subsequently named what was feared a fatal spot, but after an in his honor, by the Brazilian government, examination he returned to the stage and "Reo Teodoro." This expedition added finished the delivery of his speech, al much to the knowledge of the geography, though warned not to do so by the phy the flora and the fauna of the South sicians and his friends. American jungle. The same year (1914) The degree of LL. D. was first confer he visited Spain and in June he lectured red upon Colonel Roosevelt by Columbia before the Royal Geographic Society, University in 1899, followed by Hope Col London, England. lege in 1901, Yale University, 1901, Har Colonel Roosevelt was often a storm vard University, 1902, Northwestern Uni center and two of his controversies which versity, 1903, Chicago University, 1903, reached the courts are of interest. He University of California, 1903, University was the plaintiff in a suit for libel against of Pennsylvania, 1905, Clark University, G. H. Newett, who had in a newspaper 1905, George Washington University, article during the presidential campaign 1910, Cambridge University, 1910, Ox of 1912, charged him with intoxication. ford University conferred D. C. L. in The case came to trial but after submis 1910, the University of Berlin, Ph.D., sion of the defendant's witnesses the 1910. charge was withdrawn in open court and Colonel Roosevelt married, October 27, judgment rendered the plaintiff, thus com 1880, Alice Hathaway Lee, who died Feb pletely exonerating him from a charge ruary 14, 1884, daughter of George Cabot which all knew was utterly without foun Lee of Boston. He married in London, dation. In 1914 Colonel Roosevelt was England, December 2, 1886, Edith Ker- defendant in a suit brought by William mit Carow, daughter of Charles Carow, Barnes, Jr., of Albany, New York, for al of New York. Children : Alice Lee, wife leged libelous utterances contained in a of Nicholas Longworth, Congressman; statement made on July 22, 1914, charg Theodore (3), lieutenant-colonel in the ing among other things that the "rotten United States army during the world ness" of the New York State government war, wounded in battle ; Kermit, enlisted was due directly "to the dominance in pol first in the British army, later commis itics of Charles F. Murphy, Tammany sioned in the United States army, served Hall leader and his sub bosses, aided and with the American Expeditionary Forces abetted by Mr. Barnes and the sub bosses in France; Ethel, wife of Dr. Richard of Mr. Barnes, and that there was an in Derby, a member of the Medical Reserve visible government of party bosses work Corps, American Expeditionary Forces; 178 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Archibald, decorated and promoted to a that in the chamber of the House of Rep captaincy on the field of battle in France ; resentatives in the afternoon, attended by Quintin who sleeps in a soldier's grave Senators, Congressmen, members of the in France, was an aviator holding the rank Cabinet, the Diplomatic Corps, justices of lieutenant, killed in aerial conflict with of the Supreme Court, the Vice-Presi German flyers. dent of the United States, the Speaker of No one characteristic shone forth more the House and other distinguished per prominently in Colonel Roosevelt's life sons. The memorial oration was deliv than his great love of family and home. ered by Senator Lodge, who pronounced Hence it was most fitting that he should the eulogy from a full heart and from in be laid at rest by those who knew and timate knowledge. loved him and not with the pomp and He said in the course of his address : circumstance of a military funeral which No man ever had a more abundant sense of was offered. The funeral services were humor. Joyous, irrepressible humor — and it held in the little Episcopal church at Oys never deserted him. Even at the most serious ter Bay, the only persons present, the and even perilous moments if there was a gleam family and perhaps 500 personal friends. of humor anywhere, he saw it, and rejoiced and The grave is on the hillside in the village helped himself with it over the hard places. He lov ed fun, loved to joke and chaff, and what is more cemetery overlooking Long Island Sound uncommon greatly enjoyed being chaffed himself. and near the home of his boyhood and He never by any chance bored the American peo later home "Sagamore Hill." President ple. They might laugh at him or laugh with him, Wilson sent his respects in the following they might like what he said or they might words: "The United States has lost dislike it, they might agree with him or disagree with him, but they were never wearied of him one of its most distinguished and patriotic and he never failed to interest them. He was citizens who had endeared himself to the never heavy, laborious or dull. people by his strenuous devotion to their This is but the barest outline of the ca interests and to the public interests of his reer of one of America's greatest public countrymen. ... His private life was men. He was generous and brave, a lion characterized by a simplicity, a virtue in the face of danger, yet moved to pity and an affection worthy of all admiration at the sight of suffering, a man of action by the people of America. . '. ." Sim and wonderful performance in statesman ilar messages came from all over the ship ; in letters, in exploration, and in his United States, from European, South philosophy of life, he impressed the world American and other countries of the with his opinions. To him, Stevenson's world. requiem and epitaph seems most appro Sunday, February 9, 1919, was observed priate : all over the United States as Roosevelt Memorial Day. Special services were also "Under the wide and starry sky held in England and in France. At almost Dig the grave and let me lie. every church in the United States special Gladly did I live and gladly die, services were held in which the memory And I laid me down with a will. of Colonel Roosevelt was honored by ad This be the verse you grave for me : dresses or remarks or some form of rit Here he lies where he longed to be. ual. Home is the sailor home from the sea, The most important observance was And the hunter home from the hill." 179 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

FUEHRER, Henry, grown up with it and become fully ac quainted with it in all its details. In 1876 Attorney, Author. he took and passed his bar examination and The death of the late Henry Fuehrer at was admitted to practice at the New York his residence at No. 913 Greene avenue, bar at the general term of the Supreme Brooklyn, New York, on March 19, 1919, Court held at Poughkeepsie in that year. removed from this city a figure well known After his admission to the bar, Mr. Fuehrer both in legal circles and the general life severed his connections with Mr. Wehle of the city and especially so in connection and opened an office on his own account in with musical activities here. Mr. Fuehrer the Eastern district of Brooklyn, where he was a son of Vincent and Veronika (Dun met with notable success from the outset. kel) Fuehrer of Cologne, Germany, and He very soon worked his way upward to a was himself born in that city on the Rhine, position of great responsibility and made a January 23, 1852. The childhood and early reputation as one of the leaders of his pro youth of Mr. Fuehrer was spent in his fession in this region. So successful was native city, and it was there that he secured he and so able did he prove himself to the general portion of his education, at handle the most difficult problems of the tending for this purpose the local schools law, that much important litigation was and later a university at Cologne. He grad entrusted to him at his office at 857 Broad uated from the latter institution in the year way, Brooklyn, where his headquarters 1867 and then, after a year spent in the were located during the major portion of his compulsory military service in his country, career. Mr. Fuehrer was especially well he came to the United States, in June, 1867, qualified, both by natural endowment and sailing alone to a country where he had no by his deep and profound study, for the friends. He was a youth of unusual ca profession which he had chosen, and won pacity, as may be seen from the fact that an enviable reputation in the locality as a he was but fifteen years of age at the time most capable trial lawyer. He devoted the of his arrival in New York City, where it most painstaking and conscientious efforts became his chief endeavor to master the to the preparation of every case entrusted English language. This he found a com to him and was never caught unprepared by paratively easy task, as his wide knowledge any evidence connected therewith. He re of German, French and Latin assisted him mained most actively engaged in practice greatly in overcoming the difficulties of an until about January, 191 7, when illness com other tongue and, upon completing this task, pelled him to retire. From that time until he entered the law school of the University his death in 1919, he remained inactive so of New York, it having become his de far as his profession was concerned, but his termination to pursue the profession of the exceedingly energetic and alert mind always law as his career in life. At the same time provided him with an occupation of one the young man, in order to take care of the kind or another and he devoted much of necessity of earning his own livelihood, se his time to the literary and musical pur cured a position in the law office of the late suits which he was so fond of. Mr. Fuehrer Henry Wehle, who was then a young and was always keenly interested in public ques ambitious attorney, well known in legal tions and issues of all kinds, both general circles in New York City, with an office at and local, but very characteristically, re No. 164 Nassau street. About 1874 he was mained aloof from both political parties, appointed manager of that business, having preferring to exercise his own judgment

180

^7 ¿CtíLt¡!-^GSZ¿ ßJL, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY upon all matters of public interest, and German into the English and visa versa. especially the choice of candidates at the Mr. Fuehrer was a member and the presi polls. He was himself twice a candidate dent of a great number of organizations, for important offices, the first time in 1893, among which should be mentioned: the when he ran for supervisor on the Demo German-American Citizens League; the E. cratic ticket, but it was the year of the great D. Turn Verein and the Bushwick Club. popular movement in favor of Mayor Mr. Fuehrer was a great traveler and de Schieren which carried in all the Republi votedly fond of seeing at first hand the can candidates in the campaign. In the world on which we live. He was in a posi year 1906 Mr. Fuehrer became a candidate tion to gratify this case very extensively for county judge in Kings county on the and made journeys all over the world, solicitation of the late Surrogate James С travelling not only in Europe and America Church, a staunch friend and political as but in Asia, Africa and South America and, sociate of his. He made his campaign on indeed, from one end of the world to the this occasion on the ticket of the Independ other. Mr. Fuehrer also served as a mem ent League, but again was unfortunate, it ' ber of the commission, appointed by the being one of the occasions of a strong re mayor of the city of New York to take actionary movement in the city. charge of the Hudson-Fulton celebration. Although Mr. Fuehrer was well known In addition to his dramas and longer works both as an attorney and public man, it is Mr. Fuehrer was also the author of many probable that he was even better known and songs and poems, all of which displayed a more popular as an author and composer of marked talent and that ability which comes music. He was always keenly interested in only from culture and long familiarity with musical affairs and was himself, especially the best of the world's art and literature. in his youth, the possessor of a very un Henry Fuehrer married (first) in 1874, usually fine tenor voice. He early became Louise Tolles, a native of New York City, a member of the famous Arion Singing So where she was born, and died in Brooklyn ciety of Brooklyn, and was always most October 3, 1893. She was a daughter of active in its affairs. He was four times Robert and Marie Tolles, of this place. Mr. elected its president, serving in that office Fuehrer married (second) on the 15th day from 1905 to 1909, and it was during 1908 of April, 1894, Mary Huber, also a native that he led it in its most successful con of Poughkeepsie, and a daughter of John cert tour through Europe, where it received and Louisa (Schlegel) Huber, and a widow such a warm reception both from musical of John Huber. The second Mrs. Fuehrer circles and from the public generally. In survives her husband, and now makes her 1909 he was elected honorary president home at No. 913 Greene avenue in this city. of the society and continued to hold that There were three children born to Mr. post until the time of his death. It was not Fuehrer as follows: Henry Clinton, born only in the case of music, however, that April 1, 1875, and died September 25, 1917; Mr. Fuehrer occupied a distinguished place Vincent, born June 23, 1889, and died De in artistic circles. He was also an author cember 27, 1918 ; Gertrude, born March 26, of great merit in literature, and several 1895, and is now living with her mother at very successful dramas came from his pen, No. 913 Greene avenue. among which should be mentioned "Koenig The success of Mr. Fuehrer in his chosen Alfonso" and "Pariser Commune." He was profession was due to the possession by him also an authority on translation from the of a combination of virtues and talents 181 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

greatly in demand in this world. At the chusetts Colony. basis of his character, as they are at the (II) Descent from him is followed basis of all character that amounts to any through Philip King, known as Captain thing, were the fundamental virtues of sin Philip King, of Taunton, Massachusetts, a cerity and courage, a sincerity which pre man of influence in the community as prov vented him from taking any undue ad ed by his impressive funeral with military vantage of another and a courage that kept honors. Captain Philip King won the him cheerful and determined in the face of friendship of the neighboring Indians to all obstacles. To these were added a grasp such a degree that he and his family were of practical affairs and an idealism which never molested thereby. He married, "about kept his outlook fresh and his aims pure and 1680, Judith, daughter of John Whitman, of high-minded. Both these qualities, it is Milton, Massachusetts," and they were the hardly necessary to point out, are most parents of seven children, among them valuable in the profession of the law and, John, of whom further. indeed, his work as an attorney amply show (III) John (2) King, son of Captain Phil ed this happy union of qualities, combining, ip and Judith (Whitman) King, was born in as it did, an intelligence in plan and ar Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1681, and died, rangement with a wholesome and charitable according to his graveyard inscription, in attitude towards his fellow men. In all his 1 741, "in his 60th year." Like his father, relations of life, in all his associations with he was friendly with the Indians, doing hu others, these same qualities stood out in a manitarian work among them and educat marked manner and gained for him the ad ing two, Campbell and Occeun, at his own miration and affection of all who came in expense, to become missionaries among contact with him even in the most casual their people. He married, about 1700, manner. In his family life his conduct was Alice Dean, of a well known Taunton in the highest degree exemplary, a devoted family, and they had thirteen children, one husband and father who found his chief of them Benjamin, of whom further. happiness in the happiness of his household (IV) Benjamin King, son of John (2) and and the intimate life about his own hearth Alice (Dean) King, was born in Taunton, stone. Massachusetts, and died in 1803, aged eigh ty-five years. He was representative from KING, Alfred, Raynham to the General Court of Massa chusetts in 1774, was a delegate to the Physician. Provincial Congress, and was possessed of The history of the branch of the King a large estate bordering on the river. His family herein set forth, of which the pro first wife was Abiah, daughter of Deacon fessional record of Dr. Alfred King is a Samuel Leonard, his second Deliverance brilliant part, traces to the earliest period Eddy, and his third, Widow Cobb. There of American Colonial history, to John King, were six children of his first marriage, one who settled prior to 1640 in that part of the of them George, of whom further. town of Weymouth, Massachusetts, still (V) George King, son of Benjamin and known as King's Cove, where he was on Abiah (Leonard) King, was born in Rayn record as "seaman," "planter" and "good- ham, Massachusetts, November 27, 1744. man." He was of English birth and parent He is described as a "powerful, athletic age, and came to New England with John man, with a courageous and patriotic spirit." Humphrey, deputy-governor of the Massa He served in the Revolutionary War for a

182 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY year or more under General Washington, (Cole) Shaw, of Paris, Maine, and of the at Roxbury and other places. He was or eighth generation from John Shaw, of derly sergeant and clerk of the Raynham Plymouth. She was born in Paris, Maine, company. On the first call for soldiers he September 2, 1801, and died in Portland, rode through the town to the accompani June 22, 1875. Colonel Samuel Hall and ment of fife and drum, rallying his towns Eliza (Shaw) King were the parents of ten men to drive out of the country the British, children, of whom but two attained mature "who were killing Massachusetts men." He years, Marquis Fayette, of whom further, was one of twelve ancestors of Dr. Alfred and Henry Melville, born September 3, King who served in the Continental army 1838, died June 16, 1919. in the Revolution. He married Betsey (VIII) Marquis Fayette King, son of Shaw, daughter of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Samuel Hall King, was born at Oxford, (Hall) Shaw, and both of their sons, who Maine, February 18, 1835, and died Oc attained mature years, Samuel, of whom tober 21, 1904. He was one of the leading further, and George, settled in Maine. figures in the public life of Portland in the (VI) Samuel King, son of Sergeant latter decades of the past century. He was George and Betsey (Shaw) King, was born mayor of Portland, served in both branches in Raynham, Massachusetts, May 18, 1771. of the City Council, and was a member of He was a carpenter and builder, also a the Executive Committee of Maine. He farmer, and early in life moved, with his was widely known in Masonic circles in uncle, Jairus Shaw, to Paris, Maine, where Maine and was past grand master of the he became the owner of large property and Masonic order in the State. He was an gained a position of prominence in the town. honorary member of the Old Colony His He and his wife, Sally, daughter of Jon torical Society and of the Maine Historical athan Hall, were the parents of ten children, Society, was president of the Maine Gene this line continuing through the eldest son alogical Society, and throughout New Eng and child, Samuel Hall. land was regarded as an eminent gene (VII) Samuel Hall King, son of Samuel alogical authority. He married, March 8, King, was born in Paris, Maine, September 1856, Frances Olivia Plaisted, born Septem 4, 1799, and died at Portland, Maine, May ber 1, 1835, daughter of Samuel Pomeroy 6, 1864. He was a housewright and farmer, and Sabrina (Perkins) Plaisted. Samuel and early in life moved to that part of Heb Pomeroy Plaisted was born in Jefferson, ron which is now Oxford, Maine. He took New Hampshire, July 27, 1810, and died in an active and influential part in the up Portland, March 18, 1874; Sabrina (Perk building of the early town of Oxford, and ins) Plaisted was born in Portland, October prior to its establishment as a separate 10, 1812, died there July 18, 1889. Chil township served as selectman in Hebron, dren of Marquis Fayette and Frances Olivia later holding the same office in Oxford and (Plaisted) King: Walter Melville, born Au serving as chairman of the first Board of gust 5, 1857, died September 18, 1858; Selectmen of that town. He was an inter Luetta, born January 12, 1859; Alfred, of ested worker in the State militia, serving whom further; Warren Cloudman, born through all grades up to and including the July 15, 1863, married, November 14, 1887, rank of colonel. In 1845 he moved to Port Lizzie Thomas Pennell ; Frances Plaisted, land, where he engaged in business. Col born February 14, 1867. onel King married, October 31, 1824, Eliza (IX) Alfred King, ninth in descent from Shaw, daughter of Gilbert and Silène John King, and son of Marquis Fayette and 183 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Frances Olivia (Plaisted) King, was born broadest, most exact nature, embracing not in Portland, Maine, July 2, 1861, and died only practical but theoretical medicine and in Portland, June 4, 1916. He received his surgery. He was deeply interested in teach early education in the public schools of the ing and rendered valuable service as an in city of Portland, and was graduated from structor in the Medical School of Maine. the Portland High School in the class of From 1899 to 1905 he was demonstrator of 1879. The following year he entered Colby anatomy in this institution, from 1905 to College, where he pursued the classical 1907, he was assistant professor of clinical course, numbering among his classmates surgery, in 191 1 and 19 12 lecturer in sur men whose names later became well known gery, and from 191 2 until his death profes in New England, including Asher С Hinds, sor of surgery. His prominence in the field member of Congress, Wilford G. Chapman, of medicine in Maine was exceeded by mayor of Portland, and Elgin C. Verrill, of none, and he was loved as well as honored Portland. He became a member of the and respected by the profession. His long Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, and was service in the teaching of anatomy, par graduated with the degree of Bachelor of ticularly in the dissecting room, and his Arts in 1883. He then entered the Medical practical knowledge of pathology were the School of Maine (Bowdoin) from which best possible preliminaries to the under he was graduated Doctor of Medicine in standing of surgical problems, and to these 1886. While still a senior at the Medical he added manipulative skill of the highest School he was appointed house pupil at the order. Marvelous celerity was a striking Maine General Hospital, to fill a sudden feature of his operations : but every step vacancy. In 1890 he was made adjunct was taken with a surety that indicated per surgeon at the hospital, and in 1891 became fect familiarity with the ground to be tra a full surgeon. He retained this office un versed. Honors were plentifully bestowed til 1907, when he resigned. In appreciation upon him in recognition of his work and of his services he was elected consulting achievements, but plaudits and distinctions surgeon, and continued a member of the never evoked from him a sign of pride ; staff of the Maine General Hospital until they seemed to him mere incidents, which his death. he valued only to the extent that they en In 1904 Dr. King, in addition to carrying larged his opportunities for usefulness. The on his work in the hospital, established a value of his work may be adequately judged private hospital in the Deering district of by the fact that a fellowship in the Ameri Portland, known as Dr. King's Hospital. can Surgical Association was conferred on This institution met with a high degree of him. He was also a member of the Cum success and did much toward establishing berland Medical Society, the Maine Medical the prestige of Dr. King in medical and Society, the International Society of Sur surgical circles throughout New England. geons, the American Medical Association, Through his remarkable success in handling and the American Therapeutic Society. difficult cases brought to his hospital, his Dr. King took an active and keen interest reputation as a physician and surgeon of the in the development of the city of Portland, highest ability was built up. In connection and in its political life. His interest in with it he maintained a training school for politics was essentially that of the earnest nurses. He was consulting surgeon of the citizen and was without the element of am Webber Hospital of Saco, Maine. His bition. He was without desire for public knowledge of his profession was of the office and longed merely for the purifying 184 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of political methods and the raising of the profession in Maine were paid to Dr. standards to such a height that participa King as a physician, patron of agriculture, tion in politics might not entail a loss of citizen and man at the meeting held in his dignity and honor. He was a lifelong Re memory by the members of the Portland publican, a deep student of times and con Farmers' Club, October 11, 1916: ditions, and alive to National, State and Those who knew him intimately knew that he civic issues. The only public office which had a peculiar, almost fascinating longing for Dr. King ever held was that of city phy friendship. Dr. King has gone. He has left a sician, from 1887 to 1890, one which came sweet memory for us, and he has also left for within the bounds of his professional abili our care the Portland Farmers' Club. What are we to do with it? Shall we by our interest and ties. He was nevertheless active unofficial our care foster the hopes which he had? — Dr. ly in politics and supported the candidacy Owen Smith, secretary of the Portland Farmers' of Hon. Asher С Hinds, his former class Club. mate, for the United States Congress, tak My tribute is to be on what I know of his work ing a leading part in the campaign. He and the intelligence of his work. For originality and perfection of execution there is no one who also supported the candidacy of Colonel can exceed Dr. King. That has characterized him Louis B. Goodall, of Sanford, for the Re as a student, as a practitioner, and as a teacher. — publican nomination for Congress. Dr. John F. Thompson. Dr. King found his greatest pleasure and In all the time that I knew him there was never relaxation in agriculture and dairying. His a time that I thought he was afraid, either physi cally or morally. He was intellectually honest. interest in farming was very deep and ex And it was the balancing of these qualities that tended outside the bounds of his own opera gave him his strength. He had confidence in his tions. He had a fine concern for the ad own strength and was without vanity. All vancement of agriculture in the State of through the High School and professional life Maine, and was active in propaganda to those qualities were pre-dominant. Perhaps with out that balance one of his make-up would have ward this end. Dr. King owned an exten been reckless. Another thing was his disposi sive dairy farm in South Paris, Maine, tion to do service to the world. In college he which he conducted along the most scientific always had the idea of doing something fine. lines. In 1908 he was founder of the Port He never entered a place without this thought in land Farmers' Club for the purpose of his mind. His work in politics was natural. He studying and bettering conditions of agri always took an active interest in civic affairs. I think the first of his active work for Mr. culture throughout Maine. Of his ambition Hinds was inspired by his loyalty to the man. in regard to the club, Colonel Frederick N. But although interested in Hinds I do not think Dow, in a meeting held in honor of the he would have done a thing if it had not been memory of Dr. King, spoke as follows: for the idea of service— Mayor Wilford G. Chap "I knew something of his hopes in regard man, of Portland. to this club. He looked forward to the The joint resolutions of the Portland time when the club would exert a marked Farmers' Club were as follows : influence on the agriculture of the State. Resolved, That at this, the first meeting of the His hopes were not entirely realized. As Portland Farmers' Club held since the decease of I saw him working on his farm at one time Dr. Alfred King, the club records this expres he worked as though he were contributing sion of its high appreciation of the character of to this end. Time and again he spoke of Dr. King, who was its founder and vice-president what might be done for the benefit of the from its organization. While no word spoken here can add to the fame Dr. King had won in his agriculture of the state." chosen profession, nor is it necessary to note the The following tributes from men high in high esteem in which he was held as a man and 185 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

a citizen by the community where he had always owes the land which gives him his oppor lived and in which he was so well known, this tunity and fortune, a duty which, unless club may testify to the qualities of his heart and embellished and ornamented by unusual in his head which made association with him here at once a pleasure and an inspiration. He was ducements, it is the custom of the average a man whom none could know without respecting citizen to overlook. On every hand one and with whom none could be intimately associ finds men whose talents and inclinations fit ated without loving. them preeminently for public service, but Resolved, That the officers of this club be who shun this duty of patriotism because of requested to make such provision that at the first meeting of the club in October of each year the greater benefits, pecuniary and of other some action be taken by way of address or other natures, which accrue to them from the field wise, tending to preserve the memory of Dr. of business. The country has its states King as the founder of this club. men, but it needs in the ranks of its ser Resolved, That the secretary be directed to vants and advisors the trained and analyti spread these resolutions on the records of the club, to forward a copy to the widow of the late cal mind of the business man to solve the Dr. King, and to the daily papers of this city problems which face the Nation to-day, the for publication. problems within its own borders. The tal Dr. Alfred King was a prominent figure ents of the ordinary business men do not in Masonic circles in Maine, holding the run to unravelling the intricacies of inter thirty-second degree, Maine Consistory. He national law, but rather do they apply to and was a past master of Ancient Landmark excel in the management of questions of Lodge and was installed master by his fath commerce, labor, reform, etc., which agitate er, a Mason of great distinction in Maine, the public to-day. For men so endowed to upon the twenty-fifth anniversary of the reject office and government service be elder King's installation as master of the cause of selfish reasons is a blot upon their same lodge. Dr. King was at one time a citizenship. No man can truly uphold the member of the board of trustees of Colby ideals and standards of America, who, be College, his alma mater, for which he cher ing capable, refuses the high honor of pub ished a lifelong affection. Through the ser lic service. vices of his patriotic ancestors he held mem It may with truth and conviction be said bership in the Sons of the American Revo that the late John McClary, of Hartford, lution. Into a life of no great length he Connecticut, did his duty to its full extent crowded much endeavor and attainment, the in the long years in which he faithfully serv whole pervaded by a spirit of unselfishness ed the government of the United States, and service that makes his memory a thing subserving every personal wish to its de of rare beauty. mands, because of a high standard of pa Dr. King married, October 26, 1887, triotism and honor which put country be Nellie Grace True, of Waterville, Maine, fore self. daughter of Warren M. and Lucretia Mr. McClary was of Scotch parentage, (Gary) True, who survives her husband, a the son of John and Ellen (Reilly) Mc resident of Boston, Massachusetts. Clary, natives of the World famed ship building city of Glasgow, Scotland. The McClary and Allied Families, Scotch are among the most intensely pa triotic people in the world, a people whose Arms — Or, a chevron azure, between three love of home and country is a fire unquench roses gules. able, as is amply attested by history. The There is a duty which every American allegiance which his parents brought to the 186

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY land of their adoption was equally strong up his position in the Signal Service at the in their son, and was the moving factor in end of the war, but retired for a period, Mr. McClary's devotion to his service in the and returning North, went to live with his offices of the government, despite the fact sister, Mrs. Mary Wetherby, in Springfield, that he was eminently fitted for success in Massachusetts, living with her for a number a field of business which, when he finally of years. entered it, comparatively late in life, proved During his residence in Springfield, he lucrative and successful. became associated with Colonel Bartholo Shortly after their marriage, John Mc- mew and James L. Thompson in the Amer Clary, St., came to America with his wife, ican Express Company, with whom he was settling in the city of Boston, where John connected for several years. Shortly after McClary, Jr., was born. When he was his marriage, Mr. McClary again entered quite young his parents moved to Wakefield, the Signal Service and went West with his Massachusetts. It was here that he received wife. The work to which he was then as his early education, attending school until signed was in connection with the Weather he reached the age of fifteen years. While Bureau, and involved considerable sacrifice young McClary was still in his thirteenth of personal wishes and inclinations, because year, 1861, the Civil War broke out, sweep of the fact that they had constantly to be ing the country like a fever, and drawing moving from one section of the country to men to the colors in a burst of enthusiasm another. They have resided all over the which, to put it tritely, was no respecter of United States. Mr. McClary's last post age. Youth and age stood side by side was in California, where he was stationed eagerly awaiting the chance to serve their about 1890. In 1 89 1 he gave up active country. All the willingness and eagerness service and returned to the East, making which he could muster did not stand Mr. his home in Hartford, Connecticut. Here McClary in the stead which additional years he bought out a woodworking factory, and would have, and he found that enlistment from that time until his death devoted him was barred to him because of his age. Two self to his business interests. In this en years later, however, in 1863, he left school, terprise he attained a high degree of suc and was admitted to the army as a member cess, and became known as one of the sub of the Signal Corps. From that time un stantially successful business men of the til the close of hostilities he saw active ser city of Hartford, despite the fact that he vice with a branch of the army which is con had entered the field of business at a time of stantly exposed to greater danger that any life when the majority of men are fairly other. To a man of spirit and courage, to established in it. live through the soul stirring events of a Mr. McClary was keenly interested in the great war is one of the greatest fortunes political issues of the times, as an observer, which can befall him. Mr. McClary came and as a member of the body politic, but he into close contact with many of the great never entered the political field as a candi events of those days, wonderful yet terrible, date for public office. He was very active and was one of the audience in the Ford in the social and club life of Hartford from Theatre in Washington, on the fateful night the time of his first residence in the city, when John Wilkes Booth assassinated and was a member whose presence was Abraham Lincoln, the genius who had safe counted upon and whose voice was reckon ly guided the country through the storms ed with in the council of many important of the Civil War. Mr. McClary did not give and influential organizations in the city. He 187 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

was a member of the Grand Army of the his death Hartford lost a man who meant Republic, the Army and Navy clubs. He much to its interests, a man whose place had attained the thirty-second degree in was a truly enviable one in the commercial the Masonic order, and was a member of life of the city, in its social life, and in the Washington Commandery, Knights Temp estimation of scores of friends, whose lar, and also of the Mecca Temple, Mystic opinion of him is adequately expressed in Shrine. the famous "Take him for all in all, we On September 28, 1868, while a resident shall not look upon his like again." in the home of his sister in Springfield, (The Cutler Line). Massachusetts, Mr. McClary married Jen nie Cutler, of Boston, a daughter of Nathan Arms — Or, three bendlets sable ; over all a lion Moore and Columbia (Shearer) Cutler, of rampant gules. Crest — A demi-lion rampant gules holding in that city. Mr. Cutler was a native of Farm- his paws a battleaxe or. ington, Maine, where his father had es tablished himself. The genealogy of the The name Cutler is of that class of pat Cutler family, of which Mrs. McClary is ronymics which were derived from the a descendant in the eighth generation, is trades or occupations of their original fore given at length in the following pages. Mrs. bears. Others of this class are Cooper, McClary 's grandmother was Sarah (King) Smith, Miller, Gardner, Fuller, etc. When Shearer, a daughter of Jesse King, of Palm the adoption of surnames became prevalent, er, Massachusetts, of an early and promin the first member of the Cutler family to ent family in that neighborhood. Jesse adopt the name was in all probability a King married Mary Graham, a daughter cutler by trade, a maker of knives or other of Rev. Mr. Graham, of Pelham, Massa cutting instruments. chusetts. Both Mrs. McClary's parents died The English progenitor to which the when she was very young, and she was American family traces its lineage was Ad brought up by her aunt, Mrs. A. V. Blanch miral Sir Gervase Cutler, who was killed ard, of Palmer, Massachusetts. She resides in 1645, in defence of the Castle of Ponti- in the beautiful McClary home at No. 56 ficata. Sir Gervase Cutler was a son of Highland avenue, Hartford, where all her Thomas Cutler, who was buried at Silkton, dearest associations are centered. She is January 21, 1622. Thomas Cutler was a deeply interested in charitable and philan descendant of Sir John Cutler, standard thropic work, to which her late husband bearer during the War of the Roses, who devoted a large portion of his time. She was knighted in the reign of Henry VI. is active in community welfare work and Sir Gervase Cutler married for his first takes an unusual interest in the current wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Bent- topics of the day. Mrs. McClary's home ley. The children of this marriage were: engendered a charm of good feeling and Margaret, who married Sir Edward Mose- hospitality which is felt alike by the oldest ly ; and a son Gervase, who died young. friend and the most casual visitor to it. Mr. Sir Gervase Cutler married (second) Lady and Mrs. McClary had no children. They Magdalen, the ninth daughter of Sir John were members of Christ Episcopal Church Egerton, Duke of Bridgewater, and of this in Hartford, in the parochial interests of marriage there were nine children. Cutlers which she is still a figure of import have filled places of honor and importance ance. in England for the past thousand years. Mr. McClary died on July 7, 1909, and in The American Cutlers have figured notably 188

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY in New England history for two and a half 2, 1645, he was one of the petitioners "in centuries. relation to Nashaway plantation, now Wes The New England ancestors were James, ton." On December 13, 1649, James Cutler Robert and John Cutler, who emigrated and Nathaniel Bowman for £70 bought of from the Mother Country to the American Edward Goffe two hundred acres in Cam Colonies in 1634, settling in Massachusetts. bridge Farms. James Cutler sold his share James Cutler came to Watertown, Massa of one hundred acres to Bowman7 for £39, chusetts, in 1634. The name of Robert on March 4, 1 65 1. This land adjoined Rock Cutler first appears on the records of Meadow and was near Waltham. About Charlestown, in 1636, where it is recorded this time he settled at Cambridge Farms, that he was married. John Cutler, St., now Lexington, on what is known as Wood with a family, was settled at Hingham, street, and not far from the Concord (now Massachusetts, in 1637. Bedford) line, a part of which farm re (I) James Cutler, immigrant ancestor and mained in the family until sold by the heirs founder, settled as early as 1634 at Water- of Leonard Cutler. James Cutler is sup town, Massachusetts, where the first rec posed to have built one of the first houses at ord of the family name in New England, in the Farms. Vestiges of the cellar of his America, in fact, is to be found. He was house still remain. The house was located one of the original grantees of land in the some thirty rods from the present highway, northerly part of the town, on the road to on an elevation commanding an extensive Belmont. James Cutler had married in Eng view. James Cutler died at Cambridge land Anna Grout, sister of Captain John Farms, May 17, 1694, aged eighty-eight Grout, and had espoused the cause of years. His will was dated November 24, Puritanism, for which defection from the 1684. James Cutler married (first) Anna Established Church both he and his wife Grout, who was buried September 30, 1644. were so persecuted that they resolved to He married (second) March 9, 1645, Mary, seek peace and religious freedom in New widow of Thomas King, who died Decem England, and accordingly came to America ber 7, 1654. His third wife was Phoebe, unaccompanied by friends or near relatives. daughter of John Page, whom he married There is no authentic record by which to in 1662. fix the date of the arrival of James Cutler. (II) James (2) Cutler, son of James (1) His first child, James, was born "Ye 6th and Anna Cutler, was born in Watertown, day, 9th month, 1635." He had that year Massachusetts, September 6, 1635. He was passed all necessary probation and been re a farmer, residing at Cambridge Farms, ceived an inhabitant of Watertown, having near Concord line, and was a soldier in King a house lot assigned him. The lot contain Philip's War. He made his will on the 28th ed eight acres, bounded on the east by the and died on the 31st of July, 1685. He lot of Thomas Boylston, west and north by married, June 15, 1665, Lydia (Moore) a highway, i. е., by Common street and Pond Wright, daughter of John Moore, of Sud road, and south by the lot of Elias Barron. bury, and widow of Samuel Wright; she In the first "great divide," July 25, 1636, died in Sudbury, November 23, 1723. (See he was assigned twenty-five acres, and three Moore II). acres in the further plain (now Waltham) (III) Thomas Cutler, son of James (2) next to the river. In 1642 he had assigned and Lydia (Moore-Wright) Cutler, was to him eighty-four acres in the fourth di born December 16, 1677, at Cambridge vision, and four other farms. On October Farms (now Lexington), where he resided 189 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the greater part of his life. He was con (Tidd) Cutler, was born at Lexington, stable in 1719, and selectman in 1729, 1731, Massachusetts, May 31, 1733, in the seca 1733 and 1734. About 1750 he purchased house which was built on the Cutler far* of Noah Ashley a farm in Western, now His residence in Warren was on the. Warren, and removed there. Thomas Cut side of the river, and it was here that ler died December 23, 1759. He bequeathed died, February 7, 1816, aged eighty-thn to each of his daughters and granddaugh years. He married (first) May 6, 175 ters a cow; besides sums of money; to son Rebecca, daughter of John and Esther David his silver-headed cane, half the ser (Prince) Hoar, of Lincoln, Massachuse vice of his negro man, besides money and born July, 1735, and died September 16, half his books and apparel ; to his son 1758. He married (second) Mary, sister Thomas half the service of his negro man, of Major Reuben ReM. of Warren, Massa and his lands and buildings, and half his chusetts, on S< - : !.. ;■<■. TT59. She was books and apparel, besides other things. His born January j". 1738, and died March will discloses the fact that he was the owner 28, 1792. of at least one slave. (VI) Hon. Na.bn ( Vier, A. M., son of Thomas Cutler married (first) Sarah, Joseph and Mary ( Rced^ Sutler, was born daughter of Samuel (3) and Dorcas at Western, nu\v \Y. .„, Massachusetts, (Jones) Stone, who joined the church in May 29, 1775, and ù.:d June 8, 1861. He Lexington, July 4, 1708, and died January was graduated from Dartmouth College in 10, 1750, aged sixty-nine years. (See 1798, and was preceptor at Middlebury Stone VIII). He married (second) Lydia Academy for one year thereafter. He th< Simonds, April 10, 1750, and with her was studied law with Judge Chipman, of Ver dimissed to the church at Western, May 17, mont, and later at Worcester, Massachi 1752, having owned the covenant at Lex setts, and in the last mentioned city he ington, June 6, 1703. admitted to the bar in 1801. For a time (IV) David Cutler, son of Thomas and he practiced in his native town, but in 1 Sarah (Stone) Cutler, was born August 28, removed to Farmington, Maine, where and baptized September 9, 1705, at Lexing p'Hil 1 for the remainder of his life. For ton. He joined the church in Lexington, abo < it thirty-rive years he was engaged April 14, 1728. He resided on the fam the active pursuit of his profession, am homestead near the Bedford line. He was was deeph interested in the educational ant surveyor of the township during the reign political afTr'.irs of his town and State. Hi of King George III. ; served as constable in was several tir>es a member of the Legisla Lexington in 1746, and as selectman in ture of Mass.i'-husetts before its separation 1749-50-51. His will, dated September 13, (i8io-tt-i_'-iq-2o). He was appoint 1758, mentions his wife Mary. He left judge of the Couri of Common Pleas b; personal property inventoried at ¿573 15s. Governor Berry in 181 2, but declined David Cutler died December 5, 1760, of accept the office. In 1819, Hon. Nath small-pox, which was particularly fatal in Cutler was a member of the convent those days because of the fact that there that framed the Constitution of the State was no known way to combat its onslaughts. of Maine, and subsequently became active He married Mary Tidd, who survived him in public life and politics in Maine. He thirty-seven years, and died May 25, 1797, was many times a member of the Legisla aged ninety-three years. ture of that State. Upon the death of Gov (V) Joseph Cutler, son of David and Mary ernor Lincoln, early in the ycai 1; 29, by 190

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY virtue of his office as president of the chusetts, a sketch of whose life is appended Senate, Hon. Nathan Cutler became gov hereto. ernor of the State of Maine, and in 1829 (The Moore Line). he was one of the presidential electors. He was one of the incorporators of Framing- This name came into England with Wil ton Academy, and during his lifetime pres liam the Conqueror in 1066. Thomas de ident of the board of trustees. Governor More was among the survivors of the bat Cutler was much interested in classical stu tle of Hastings, October 11, of that year, dies, of which he was a lifelong student, and was a recipient of many favors at the and he did much to inculcate a love of learn hands of the triumphant invaders. From ing in his associates. the time of the Conquest to the period of He married (first) Hannah, daughter of American Colonial emigration, the family Isaac Moore, of Warren, Massachusetts, on figured notably in Scotch and English his September 10, 1804. She died February tory. Elizabeth More, daughter of Sir 20, 1835. Seven of the nine children of Adam More, became the wife of King Rob Governor and Mrs. Cutler grew to maturity. ert II., of Scotland, in 1347, and the an He married (second) in 1856, Harriet, cestress of the long line of Stuart mon- widow of William Weld, and daughter of archs. Members of the family have been Colonel Easterbrooks, of Brunswick, active in public, official and military life in Maine. the United Kingdom from time immemorial. (VII) Nathan Moore Cutler, son of Hon. In the time of James I. the Mores of Scot Nathan and Hannah (Moore) Cutler, was land were strict non-Conformists, conse born August 2, 1808. At the age of six quently their removal in great numbers from teen years he entered Phillips Academy at Scotland into Ireland in 1612 is easily ac Exeter, New Hampshire. After graduat counted for. Many espoused Quakerism, ing from that institution he attended Bow- and this explains their predominance in the doin College, but was obliged to discontinue colony of William Penn. Bearing on its his studies on account of poor health. He roll of membership such men as Sir John then entered on a business career, first at Moore and Tom Moore, the poet, the family Warren, Massachusetts, and later at Ban has just reason to be proud of an honored gor, Maine. Under the administration of ancestry. Someone has said that in tracing President Martin Van Buren, he held the out a pedigree one is as likely to find a office of debenture clerk in the Boston Cus scaffold as a crown. Not so in the case toms House. The collector of the port at of the Moores. the time was George Bancroft. This posi The American branches have been equally tion he held until the time of his death on distinguished. The family had several un October 30, 1849. He married, September related progenitors, of whom the first to 12, 1836, Columbia Shearer, of Palmer, arrive was Richard Moore, who came in Massachusetts, who died in Cambridge, the "Mayflower" in 1620, landing at Ply Massachusetts. (See Shearer IV). mouth, Massachusetts. The name is com (VIII) Jennie Cutler, daughter of Nathan mon to the earliest records of Plymouth, Moore and Columbia (Shearer) Cutler, is Newbury and Salem, the earliest settle of the eighth generation in direct descent ments in the colony. John Moore, founder from James Cutler, who settled in Water- of one of the earliest of the Massachusetts town, Massachusetts, as early as 1634. She families of the name, was a resident of married John McClary, of Boston, Massa Sudbury, Massachusetts, as early as 1642. 191 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(I) John Moore, immigrant ancestor and branch. The Massachusetts Stones, de progenitor, was a native of England. The scendants of the founder, Gregory Stone, exact date of his coming to America is not have figured prominently in the Colonial known ; he seems first to have settled in and State history of Massachusetts for two Sudbury, Massachusetts, however. He pur and a half centuries. chased a house and land there in 1642 of (I) Symond Stone, earliest known ances Edmund Rice. His property was located tor of this branch of the Stone family, made in what is now Wayland. He took the a will, recorded in the parish records of oath of fidelity on July 9, 1645. John Moore Much Bromley, England, under date of died January 6, 1673-74, and his will, dated May 12, 1506, and proved February 10, August 25, 1668, was proved April 7, fol 1510. He bequeaths to his son Walter "'my lowing his death. He married Elizabeth tenement in Ardleigh," and as Ardleigh is Whale, daughter of Philemon Whale; she in the immediate vicinity of Much Brom was executrix of his will. Among their ley, it would appear that the first Symond children was Lydia, mentioned below. was a descendant of the "William at the (II) Lydia Moore, daughter of John and stone," mentioned above. In a Court Roll Elizabeth (Whale) Moore, was born in of 1465 in the reign of Edward IV. refer Sudbury, Massachusetts, June 24, 1643. ence is made to three fields in this locality She married (first) Samuel Wright. She called "Stoneland." The translation of the married (second) June 15, 1665, James Latin record is as follows : "At this court Cutler, Jr., of Cambridge Farms, Massa the lords (of the Manor) through their chusetts. She died in Sudbury, November Steward handed over and let at rent to 23, 1723. (See Cutler II). Robert Rande three fields of land called Stoneland a parcel of Bovills : — to hold for (The Stone Line). himself and his assignees from the festival The origin of the surname Stone may be of the Holy Archangel Michael next coming traced to the fact that early ancestors of the after the present date up to the end and family lived near some remarkable road terminus of twenty years then following side stone, and used the name as a means and fully completed." of identification when the necessity for sur (II) David Stone, son of Symond Stone. names arose. Atte Stone, de la Stone, del lived at Much Bromley, County Essex, Eng Stone, and de Stone, are common to all land, early in the sixteenth century. medieval English registers. The court roll (III) Symond (2) Stone, son of David of the manors of Bovills and Piggotts, in Stone, was of Much Bromley, where he Ardleigh, England, contains an entry in married Agnes . Latin, dated in the reign of Henry V., on (IV) David (2) Stone, son of Symond the day of Mars next after the festival of (2) and Agnes Stone, was born, lived and the Holy Trinity, 1416, in which the names died at Much Bromley; he married Ursula of persons living in the vicinity of these . It has been proved that he and not manors are mentioned, among them one Rev. Timothy Stone, as formerly supposed, "Willelmiatte Stone" (William at the was the father of the American emigrant, stone), who is referred to as being absent Gregory, mentioned below. from a Court Baron, for which delinquency (V) Gregory Stone, immigrant ancestor he, among others named, is fined. The and founder, was baptized in Much Brom Ardleigh Stones form the main line of ley, County Essex, England, April 19, 1592. which the American family of the name is a According to his own deposition, made Sep-

192

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY tember 18, 1658, he was born in 1591 or owner of what was one of the largest es 1592. His age at death, November 30, tates in the vicinity. He was a deacon of 1672, was given as eighty-two. The exact the church, town assessor, and member of date of his coming to America is not known. many important committees. He married He is thought to have come in company (first) June 7, 1655, at Watertown, Sarah with his brother Simon, with whom he was Stearns; she died October 4, 1700. He admitted a freeman in Massachusetts, May married (second) Abigail , who died 25, 1636. Gregory Stone was one of the at Woburn, 1728, aged seventy-one years. original proprietors of Watertown, but re (VII) Deacon Samuel (2) Stone, son of sided most of his life in Cambridge. He Deacon Samuel (1) and Sarah (Stearns) had considerable property here and his Stone, was born at Cambridge Farms orchards were famous, even at this early (Lexington) Massachusetts, October 1, period. His farm was on the site of the 1656, and died there June 17, 1743. He Botanic Gardens of Harvard University. was designated in the town records as Gregory Stone was one of the most prom "Samuel Stone, East," to distinguish him inent men of his day in Cambridge. He from his cousin "Samuel Stone, West." He was deputy to the Massachusetts General was one of the original members of the Lex Court ; deacon of the church, serving thirty- ington church, in 1696. His wife was re four years and outliving all the original ceived from the Concord church in 1698. membership ; was a civil magistrate and one He married, June 12, 1679, Dorcas Jones, of the governor's deputies. His will, prov of Concord, who died September 24, 1746, ed December 14, 1672, mentions his wife aged eighty-seven years. In November, Lydia and her children by a former mar 1 715, Samuel Stone was chosen deacon to riage, John Cooper and Lydia Fiske; his succeed his father. He was selectman in sons, Daniel, David, John and Samuel; 1 71 5- 16 and 1723, and was prominent in the daughters Elizabeth Porter, Sarah Merriam, affairs of the town until his death. wife of David Merriam ; grandson of David (VIII) Sarah Stone, daughter of Deacon Stone. He married (first) in England, Samuel (2) and Dorcas (Jones) Stone, was June 20, 161 7, Margaret Garrad, who was born in Lexington, Massachusetts, in 1681. born December 5, 1597, died August, 1626, She became the wife of Thomas Cutler, of in England. His second wife was Lydia Lexington, and died January 10, 1750, aged Cooper, widow, who died June 24, 1674. sixty-nine years. She joined the church in (VI) Deacon Samuel Stone, son of Greg Lexington, July 4, 1708. (See Cutler III). ory and Margaret (Garrad) Stone, was baptized in Nayland, England, February 4, (The Shearer Line). 1630-31, and died September 27, 171 5. He Arms — Argent a fesse gules between three tor- came to America with his brothers and sis teaux, each charged with a mullet of the field ter when very young. On attaining their argen L majority, he and his brother David Stone, Crest — On a chapeau a dexter hand holding up by the band a garb, all proper. settled at Cambridge Farms (Lexington). It is likely that they cleared their farms be According to Bardsley the surname of fore removing to them, and that they were Shearer is of the occupative class and signi among the first settlers. Samuel Stone sub fies, "the shearer," that is one who sheared scribed toward the first meeting house in the nap of cloth, or a cloth shearman. The 1692. In 1693 he paid the largest taxes in name is found in Lincolnshire as earjy as Lexington, and subsequently became the 1273. The Shearer family herein dealt with 193 А. В.— 6-13 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY is of ancient Irish origin, and was founded and Mary B. (Greyham) King, of Palmer, in the American Colonies in the early part Massachusetts. (See King IV). Their of the eighteenth century. The progenitor, children were: 1. Elvira, married A. V. James Shearer, was a native of County An Blanchard, October 25, 1827. 2. Jane, mar trim, Ireland. ried William Blanchard, August 23, 1831. (I) James Shearer, founder of the family 3. Columbia, mentioned below. in America, was born in County Antrim, (IV) Columbia Shearer, third daughter of Ireland, in 1678. In 1720 he emigrated to Judge Daniel and Sarah (King) Shearer, the New World, and settled in the town of married, September 12, 1836, Nathan Moore Union, Connecticut. He remained in Union Cutler, son of the Hon. Nathan and Han for a period of six years, and in 1726 his nah (Moore) Cutler. (See Cutler VII). family and the Nevins family removed to (The King Line). Elbows, near the town of Palmer, Massa chusetts. He occupied a central location in Arms — Sable on a chevron, or, between three the district, his farm being laid out east crosses crosslet of the last, three escallops of the from Cedar Swamp brook and south of first An esquire's helmet surmounts the shield. Deacon Sedgwick's farm. He was a man Among the pioneer settlers of the town of considerable prominence in the early of Palmer, Massachusetts, and the imme community and several localities in the vi diate vicinity, was John King, Esq., the cinity were named after him and his family. progenitor of the King family herein un His home was frequently used by the pro der consideration. The theory has been prietors of the town for their business advanced that John King, Esq., was a resi meetings. The children of James Shearer dent of the town of Springfield, Massa were : 1 . John, mentioned below. 2. James, chusetts, prior to his coming to Palmer, as Jr. 3. William. were many of the original settlers of the (II) John Shearer, son of James Shearer, place. There has, however, been no proof was born in 1 710, and accompanied his to substantiate the theory. The Kings of parents to America in 1720. He later set Palmer in subsequent generations became tled in Brimfield, in the easterly part of what large land owners, and were numbered is now Three River Village. He mar among the most prominent and influential ried Jane . His children were: citizens of the town, active in civic and re 1. Joseph. 2. John, born March 22, ligious affairs, office holders, public ser 1746; married, 1774, Jane White. 3. Wil vants, and civic and business leaders. liam, married Jerusha Perry. 4. Thomas. (I) John King, the progenitor of the fam 5. David, married Kate King, 1791. 6. ily and the immigrant ancestor, was born in Jonathan, born March 29, 1762, married England in 1681. The date of his coming Hannah Dickinson. 7. Noah, married Ter- to America is not known. Prior to his za Merrick, 1791. 8. Daniel, mentioned be emigration he was married in England to low. 9. Jane, married Wallace Little. 10. Sarah , born in 1691. He became the Betsey, married William White. first settler of the Elbow District, Hamp (III) Judge Daniel Shearer, son of John shire county, Massachusetts, where he was and Jane Shearer, was a prominent figure the first to build a crude log cabin, camp in the public and political life of the town ing out, tradition says, near the site of the of Palmer, Massachusetts, during his entire old cemetery during the first few days there. life. He was active also in judicial affairs. He finally located near the small stream He married Sarah King, daughter of Jesse which afterwards became known as King's 194

KING

1 i ! i ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY brook. The noted Tamor spring divided his and Sarah (Kibbe) King, was born in El property from that of his neighbors, Rich bow District, Palmer, Massachusetts, March ard Combs, of Springfield, and Ebenezer 5, 1759. He was one of the most prom Mirick, of the same place. The following inent citizens of the town during the greater mention of the original John King and his part of his life time, and was actively iden family is found on the flyleaf of the first tified with local affairs. He was also prom volume of the Rochester Church Records: inent in the militia and bore the rank of captain. He married, February 24, 1781, On the 18th of May, 1729, then John King Mary B. Greyham, daughter of Rev. Mr. and Sarah, his wife, who lived at a place called Greyham, of Pelham, Massachusetts. Their the Elbows, in Hampshire Co., owned the coven ant, and their children were baptized, viz : Wil children were: 1. Aaron, born October 15, liam, Thomas, Joseph, Benjamin, Aaron and 1782; married Eliza Ketchum. 2. Sarah, Sarah, by me, who was sent by the proprietors of mentioned below. 3. Myrana, born July 7, the land to minister to them. (Signed) Timothy 1786; married Timothy Ferrell. 4. Nabbie, Ruggles. Had the visit been six months later, born August 11, 1788; married Gershom the result might have been different — Hard wick Makepeace, of Warren, Massachusetts. 5. history, per Lucius Page, D. D. Mary L., born August 9, 1790; married The children of John and Sarah King Daniel King, of Palmer. 6. Jesse, born Au were : I. John, Jr., born in Boston, in 1715 ; gust 8, 1792. 7. Isaac, born July 2, 1795; married Margaret . 2. Joseph, born married Abby Cutler, of Warren, Massa in 1716. 3. Thomas, born in 17 19; mar chusetts. 8. Joseph, born November 19, ried Jemima . 4. William, born in 1798; married Mary E. Chamber, and re 1720. 5. Benjamin, born in 1722, died June moved to Mobile, Alabama. 7, 1756. 6. Sarah, born in 1723. 7. Aaron, (IV) Sarah King, daughter of Captain mentioned below. 8. Moses, died April 26, Jesse and Mary B. (Greyham) King, was 1729. 9. Hannah, born August 8, 1729, born in Elbow District, Palmer, Massachu died September 24, 1729. 10. Mary, born setts, October 22, 1784. She married Judge December 30, 1730; married Captain Syl- Daniel Shearer, of Palmer, Massachusetts. vanus Walker. II. David, born in April, (See Shearer III). 1733; married Mary Graham. 12. Jona than, born January 17, 1736. (II) Aaron King, son of John and Sarah KETCHUM, Charles Almyr, King, was born in 1725. He was a resident of Elbow District, Parmer, Massachusetts, Man of Affairs. all his life, and was a prominent resident of But few men have lived in the city the place. He married Sarah Kibbe, of of Salem who have left a brighter record Connecticut. Their children were: 1. Sarah, for every trait of character that consti born September 7, 1747; married Thomas tues real worth than the late Charles Al Bliss, April 25, 1765. 2. Aaron, born July myr Ketchum, and the record of his life 2, 1750, died October 22, 1754. 3. Joseph, is well worth preserving, furnishing in born August 20, 1752, died October 8, 1754. struction for the generations to come. His 4. Myrana, born September 7, 1755 ; mar name ever stood as a synonym for all ried Charles Eddy. 5. Isaac, born June 20, that was enterprising in business, and 1757, resided in England. 6. Jesse, men progressive in citizenship, while his in tioned below. dustry and energy, courage and fidelity (HI) Captain Jesse King, son of Aaron to principle, were illustrated in his career. 195 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Throughout his entire life he furnished "Lion" and located in the town of Scitu- an example of those strong and sturdy ate, Massachusetts. In the early genera virtues which we have come to look upon tions of the family life in New England as typical of New England and its people. the name Ketchum, as now universally It was only natural that the death of known, was variously spelled in town and Mr. Ketchum, which occurred at his parish records as Ketchum, Keitschum, home, No. 10 Loring avenue, Salem, Katsham, Ketchim. Massachusetts, on November 4, 1918, left Justice Newcomb Ketchum, father of a vacancy not alone in that city, but in Charles A. Ketchum, was a substantial the hearts of the many friends who had farmer of Barre, Vermont, and his father, known him for the good, true gentleman Justice Ketchum, was a man of consider that he was, and his memory will never able importance in the town of Athol, be forgotten. His interests were always Massachusetts. Justice Newcomb and in touch with those broadening processes Lenora (Bradford) Ketchum were the which bring a higher and wider knowl parents of three children, namely: El edge of life, and his popularity was gained mer, Charles Almyr, Ella. by upright living and square dealing, al Charles Almyr Ketchum was born in ways bearing in mind the rights and opin Barre, Vermont, July 12, 1858. He ob ions of others, and striving to be just tained his education in the public schools to all. of Barre, Vermont, and Spaulding Sem Perhaps the most noticeable character inary. After finishing his education he istic of the life story of Mr. Ketchum was conducted his father's farm which was lo his great liberality and charity for his fel cated at East hill, Barre, Vermont, for a low-men. He was honored, loved and re period of seven years, and purchased spected by all who knew him, and he was same from the Ketchum estate. Later he the possessor of an exceedingly cheer located in Salem, taking over the manage ful and optimistic disposition, which was ment of the large estate of Samuel Endi- not only the source of much happiness to cott Peabody. In 1895 he engaged in the himself, but was greatly appreciated by produce business with J. С Batchelor in his neighbors and all those fortunate Salem, the firm style being С A. Ketch enough to come into contact with him. um & Company, and later when Mr. By diligent application of his powers to Batchelor died the business was incorpo industrial pursuits, and the practice of the rated as С A. Ketchum & Company, and essential principles of commercial honor, Mr. Ketchum became president and treas Mr. Ketchum advanced steadily until he urer. The firm conducted an extensive became one of the representative business flour, hay, grain and produce business, men of Salem and its vicinity. How true and their large elevator was destroyed in that his life was one of unabating indus the great Salem fire in 1914. Mr. Ketch try, his deeds have spoken for him, plac um was also the organizer of the Central ing him among those substantial business Paper Company, of which concern he was men who are the sinew of any city, the the president. He also was the owner of foundation upon which all else is built. an extensive business block on Jackson The Ketchum family in America trace street. He was a member of the Salem their ancestry to William Ketchum, who, Chamber of Commerce, Essex Lodge of history records, sailed from Norfolk coun Masons, the Masonic Club of Salem, the ty, England, in 1632, on the good ship Eastern Star and the Royal Arcanum. 196 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

On November 15, 1882, Charles Almyr ards of business principles, and his loss, Ketchum was united in marriage with so serious to the community and to the Carrie Andrews, daughter of Martin and business world in general, was felt more Caroline May (Ellis) Andrews, both na deeply than can be expressed. tives of Berlin, Vermont. Mr. Ketchum had a strong attachment to the city of Salem, and was always RUSSELL, William H., prominent in any enterprise for its im Man of High Character. provement. He was indeed a true citi zen, and interested in all those things Arms — Argent a chevron between three crosses crosslet fitchée sable, all within a bordure en which had for their basis the moral im grailed gules charged with four bezants, and as provement and social culture of the com many escallops or, alternately. munity. In his political opinions he was Crest — A demi-lion rampant holding in the dex very conservative, preferring that others ter paw a cross crosslet fitchée sable. should hold public office, and would not Motto — Constans Justitium mcniti. permit his name to be used in connection The surname Russell belongs to that with any political office, although he class of English surnames which had their would have been a very acceptable can origin in nicknames. It is derived di didate. He always took an intelligent rectly from the cognomen Russell, the interest in all public affairs, and was ever diminutive of Rous, a sobriquet for one ready to assist with his advice, but pre with hair or complexion of a reddish- ferred to give his time and attention to brown. Just as the old French brun, the important business interests with (brown) took in English two diminutives, which he was connected. It can be truly burnett and burnell, so rous (reddish said of him that his religious affiliations brown) found two diminutives — russet did not end with conventional church du and russell. From nicknames these be ties, but was translated into the terms of came hereditary surnames, and are all every day life and used as a practical in existence today with the exception of guide for conduct. And if his public life Russet. The first entry of the name in was thus commendable, not less so was English records of medieval date occurs his more intimate intercourse with fam in the Hundred Rolls in the year 1273. ily and friends. Of his home life, not The Russell family has figured notably enough can be said to do Mr. Ketchum in New England life and affairs since the complete justice, as it was one of the middle of the seventeenth century. Among greatest pleasures of his busy life to its members have been famous patriots, spend his leisure time at his own hearth public men, divines, and captains of in stone. He was a private citizen of the dustry and finance. Several emigrants of highest class, being the possessor of a the name left England in the early dec singular sweetness and gentleness of na ades of the colonization period, and be ture, and his personality warmed the came the founders here of families which hearts of his fellow-men, and he hung his have since spread to every part of the portrait in the halls of their memory United States. The line of ancestry here where it shall often be seen in the years in under consideration descends from to come. He has left a memory fragrant John Russell, of Woburn, through the with goodness, to be emulated by all in Revolutionary patriot, Major Thomas maintaining the high character and stand Russell, and his son, Thomas Handy Rus 197 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY sell, to the late William Henry Russell, memorable battle which followed on the founder of the famous old Russell House 29th of August, General Varnum's bri of Detroit, Michigan, and one of the gade, to which Russell (who had been best known figures in the life of the mid promoted) was attached, was on the right dle West in the stirring period which pre and bore a prominent part in what Gen ceded the Civil War. eral Lafayette characterizes as "the best Major Thomas (2) Russell, son of fought action of the war." General Wash Thomas (1) and Honora (Loud) Rus ington, in a communication to General sell, was born September 28, 1758. He Sullivan, officially expressed his thanks was a descendant in the sixth gener for the "gallant behavior" of the Ameri ation of John Russell, one of the earl can forces, and Congress, on the 19th of iest inhabitants of Woburn, Massa September, presented thanks to the of chusetts. Thomas Russell was pur ficers and troops for the "fortitude and suing his studies in Boston at the time of bravery displayed." On the 31st of Au the occupation of that city by the Brit gust, Colonel Sherburne's regiment took ish, in 1775. After the battle of Bunker post at Bristol, Rhode Island, where it Hill, he and his sister Elizabeth went remained until July, 1779. It then pro to Providence and took up their residence ceeded to Providence, where it was in with their brother, Jonathan Russell, a spected by Major-General Baron Steuben. merchant of prominence there, who at General Varnum having resigned his com that time was captain of the well known mission, Brigadier-General Stark assumed "Providence Cadet Company," which was command of the brigade, which in Novem called into active service and of which ber joined the main army, then with Gen Thomas Russell was made ensign. In eral Washington in New Jersey. Russell's October, 1777, although but eighteen soldierly qualities having attracted the at years of age, he was commissioned by tention of his commander, the following General Washington as ensign in Colonel brigade order appeared on November 20, Sherburne's regiment of Continental 1779 : "Adj't Thos. Russell, of Col. Sher troops, then being formed. The regiment burne's Regt., is appointed A. D. Camp was then ordered to garrison the High to B. Geni. Stark. He is to be respected lands of the Hudson, and passed several accordingly." After which he was known months at Fishkill and various places as Major Russell. He remained with the along the river. In March following the main army at Morristown until June, regiment proceeded to West Point, where 1780, and was with General Stark's bri they erected what was afterwards known gade in the affair of "Connecticut Farms," as "Sherburne's Redoubt," after which and on duty at various posts until Octo they went into garrison at Fort Arnold ber 6, when the brigade marched to West (now Fort Clinton No. 2). On June 24, Point. In October, 1780, Congress re 1778, Colonel Sherburne's regiment set solved on a reduction of the army. Under out for White Plains, whence it proceeded this resolve nine Continental regiments with General Varnum's brigade to Rhode were consolidated into five, the junior of Island, and went into camp near Provi ficers in each regiment becoming super dence. In August, 1778, General Sullivan numerary, retired on half pay. Under this assembled his forces at Portsmouth, arrangement Russell was retired on Jan Rhode Island, for the campaign against uary 1, 1 781, after a faithful and honora the British troops in Newport. In the ble service. Repairing to Newport, he 198

jjpaldwin ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY married, November 29, 1783, a daughter preceding his death made the Russell of Charles Handy, of that town, and with House one of the most noted hostelries his wife removed to Philadelphia, where of the Middle West. It was known from he embarked in mercantile business, in coast to coast in the stirring period of bit which he continued until 1785 ; returning ter controversy which directly preceded again to Newport, he entered into for the Civil War, and in its lobbies gathered eign commerce, which led him abroad in the men who directed the destinies of the voyages to London, Canton and other times. Mr. Russell was a prominent fig distant parts. He became a member of ure in Republican politics in Detroit. He the Artillery Company at Newport, and was also active in the Episcopal church, one of its commissioned officers ; sub of which he was a valued member. sequently he was in command there of a William Henry Russell married Emily volunteer company of cavalry. Major Rus L. Baldwin, daughter of Colonel Lyman sell died in the city of New York, Feb and Mancy (Booth) Baldwin, both of ruary 19, 1801. His children were: 1. whom were descendants of Connecticut Ann Brown. 2. Mary. 3. Thomas Han families of ancient date. (See Baldwin dy, mentioned below. 4. Charles Handy, VII and Booth VII). Mrs. Russell, who married (first) Ann Rodman ; (second) survives her husband, has made her home Caroline Howland. 5. William Henry, in the handsome Russell residence on married (first) Mary Alice Crapo; (sec Jefferson avenue for forty-five years. She ond) Anna Kane. is an honored member of the First Con Thomas Handy Russell, son of Major gregational Church of Detroit. Thomas (2) Russell, was born in New port, Rhode Island. He married Anna P. BALDWIN FAMILY, Bosworth, of Bristol, Rhode Island, and in middle life removed to Western New Ancestral History. York, where he rose to considerable prom Arms — Argent a chevron ermines between three inence in public life. hazel sprigs vert William Henry Russell, son of Thom Crest — A squirrel sejant or, holding a hazel as Handy and Anna P. (Bosworth) Rus sprig vert Motto — Vim vi re pello. sell, was born in Rhode Island, February 8, 1824. He was educated in the schools The surname Baldwin is of ancient Ger of his native State, and on the death of man or Scandinavian origin, and signifies his father went as a youth to live with his literally "Bold-Winner" or "Bold, Cou uncle, Charles Handy Russell. When rageous Friend." The name or its count about thirty years of age he went to De erpart is found in practically every lan troit, Michigan, to accept the post of con guage in use in medieval Europe. The fidential agent with the firm of Crane & Latin form, Baldwinus, takes the form Wesson, real estate dealers. Shortly af Baudouin in French, in Italian Balduino, terward he conceived the plan of conduct and in German, Baldwin. ing a first class hotel, and to this end The first mention of the cognomen in a leased the National Hotel, which stood place of historic importance occurs after on the site now occupied by the Pontchar- the battle of Roncenvalles, A. D., 778, train. Changing the name to the Russell when Baldwin, son of Gan, a young House, and inaugurating a new policy of French knight, fell with so many other management, Mr. Russell in the five years noble youths. Another Baldwin, son of 199 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Ogier, the Dane, was slain by Charlon, death in 918 his possessions were divided son of Charlemagne. This would seem to between his sons Arnulf the Elder and fix the name as of Danish origin, and to Adolphus. Direct descendants of Bald establish the fact that it was introduced win I. ruled the Dukedom of Flanders for into France by the Norsemen from whom several centuries. historic Normandy takes its name. In In the tenth and eleventh centuries the 837, A. D. we hear of "Baldwin of the Crusades convulsed all Europe. Every Iron Arm," the founder of Bruges, so family of note was constrained to send its called from his skill in wielding the battle representatives to the East. The Counts axe. He was the first ruler of Flanders of of Flanders, and the English branches of whom history has left any record. A the family, were numerously represented brave and daring warrior, and a "forest as leaders in the successive armies that er" of Flanders, under Charles the Bald, went forth to deliver Palestine from the Baldwin in his visits at court fell in love infidels. Baldwin, Count of Flanders with the king's daughter, Judith, the and Hainaut, known in history as Bald youthful widow of two English kings, win I., was one of the most prominent married her, and fled with his bride to leaders of the fourth crusade which re Lorraine. The king, then harassed by sulted in the capture of Constantinople, the Danes, was unable to avenge what the conquest of the greater part of the he regarded as an insult. He applied to East Roman Empire, and the foundation the Pope who excommunicated Baldwin. of the Latin empire of Romania. Bald The latter in turn pleaded his "cause of win, Prince of Edessa, and first King of true love" so eloquently that the Pope Jerusalem, was one of the "adventurer withdrew his censures and induced princes" of the first crusade, and as such Charles to pardon his children. Charles he stands alongside of Bohemund, Tan- was at last conciliated, and made his son- cred and Raymund. Tasso in his poem in-law margrave (Marchio Flandriae) of "Jerusalem Delivered" speaks often of the Flanders, which he held as an hereditary Baldwins: fief. The Northmen were at this time "Baldwin he does ambitiously aspire continually devastating the coast lands, The height of human grandeur to at and Baldwin was entrusted with the pos tain." session of this outlying borderland of the At Patti, Sicilly, repose the ashes of west Frankish dominion in order to de Queen Adelaide, mother of the great King fend it against the invaders. He was the Roger, who became the wife of Baldwin, first of a line of strong rulers, who at King of Jerusalem. After two years' res- some date early in the tenth century ex dence there, discovering that he had changed the title of margrave for that of another wife living, she returned to Sicily count. His son, Baldwin II. — the Bald and taking the veil, buried her grief and — from his stronghold at Bruges main mortification in a convent founded by her tained, as did his father before him, a vig brother, and died in 11 78. orous defence of his lands against the in- Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, cursons of the Northmen. On his moth with a train of two hundred horse, three er's side a descendant of Charlemagne, he hundred foot, his banner inscribed with strengthened the dynastic importance of the name of Thomas A'Becket, accom his family by marrying Aelfthryth, panied Richard Coeur de Lion on a cru daughter of Alfred the Great. On his sade in 1 120. Matilda, daughter of the

200 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Duke of Flanders, married William of We read also of Benjamin Baldwin, an Normandy, the Conqueror, and went to archeologist of the sixteenth century; of England with him. History and tradi Sir Thomas Baldwin, a miscellaneous tion preserve an interesting story of the writer of the seventeenth century ; of romance of William and Matilda. Ma Fredericus Baldwin of Wittenberg, in tilda, it is said, showed an inclination to 1628, who wrote a Latin "Treatise on play the coquette, and refused to give a Cases of Conscience." positive consent to marriage. William Mr. С. C. Baldwin, in his Baldwin was not to be trifled with and adopted Genealogy, gives much interesting infor heroic measures. One day, accompanied mation concerning the family in England, by some of his boon companions, he met and particularly of the Bucks county her at Tours, and contrived to have her branch from which the American emi hustled and crowded through the street grants came. He tells us that "The most and even tumbled in the dust. The lady eminent Baldwin of Bucks was Sir John forthwith concluded not to further incur Baldwin, Chief Justice of the Common the anger of so rough a lover, and they Pleas of England, 1536 to 1546, when he were married shortly afterward. One of died. He was lord of the Manor of Ayles their sons ruled Normandy. Another, Wil bury. His office was very lucrative and liam Rufus, became King of England on he was very rich. In 1540 Henry VIII. the death of his father. granted him the home and site of Gray Baldwin as cognomen and surname fig Friars in Aylesbury." Richard Baldwin, ures notably in English history from the of Dundrege, County Bucks, was the di end of the seventeenth century. The an rect ancestor of the American Baldwins. cestor of John Hampden, the English pa The first Baldwin settlers in New Eng triot of ship money fame, was Baldwin de land were all kindred, but not all broth Hampden. We read of Baldwin D'Anes- ers. The family today is found in every nes, son of Margaret, Countess of Fland part of the United States, and for two and ers and Hainaut. He is known as the his a half centuries has been honorably repre torian of his house in the thirteenth cen sented in professional, business and pub tury. William the Conqueror created one lic life. Henry Baldwin was a judge of Baldwin hereditary Viscount of Devon the Supreme Court of the United States. shire and Baron of Okehampton. He was Baldwins have been governors of states, succeeded by his son Richard. Heming- members of congress, divines, authors, ton was held by Baldwin de Pettour, who and leaders in every honorable walk of was obliged every Christmas to go to life. One Abram Baldwin was a mem Saltus, Sufflus, and Pettus to retain his ber of the convention which framed the estate. Constitution of the United States. He lat Rev. Thomas Baldwin, who died in er was instrumental in the founding of 1 190 at the siege of Petolemais, was the the Georgia University. Matthias Bald author of "De Sacremento Atlantis," win, the distinguished inventor, rose from "Bibliotheca Patrum Cisterciensum," and a humble place to the foremost rank. Be several other commentaries. Rev. Wil ginning in a small shop, of which he was liam Baldwin, scholar and divine, was the the sole occupant, he became the head author of a work called "A Mirror for of an establishment employing a thou Magistrates," and of several plays, poems, sand workmen. He was the builder of comedies, tragedies, similies, etc. the first American locomotive.

201 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Connecticut has been the home of one (II) Josiah Baldwin, son of John and of the most distinguished branches of the Mary Baldwin, was baptized at Milford, family for over two hundred and fifty Connecticut, March 20, 1648, aged six years. It was here, in the early town of years. He was a lifelong resident of Mil New Haven, that John Baldwin, founder ford, a prosperous landowner and leading of the line herein under consideration, set citizen. On January 30, 1671, he joined tled prior to 1648. the church at Milford in full communion. (I) John Baldwin, the progenitor, was On June 25, 1667.be married Mary Camp, born in England ; all evidence points to who is thought to have been a daughter the fact that he was of the distinguished of Edward Camp, of New Haven. County Bucks family, and kinsman (III) Samuel Baldwin, son of Josiah (brother, nephew or cousin) of Sylvester and Mary (Camp) Baldwin, was born at Baldwin, whose nuncupative will he wit Milford, Connecticut, March 14, 1674-75. nessed. The family of Sylvester Baldwin He was called "senior" in the records af came from Aston Clinton, a quiet little ter 171 1. He owned lands at Chestnut parish four miles from Aylesbury. It has Hill. Samuel Baldwin was a wheelwright a small church called St. Leonard's built by trade. He disposed of his property in the old English style. The walls are by deeds to his sons before his death. He the same that the Baldwins were familiar married Rebecca Wilkinson, who was with before coming to these shores. The born in 1676, daughter of Edward and roof had been burned in the Revolution Rebecca (Smith) Wilkinson, of Milford. of 1640, but was replaced. The Chapel He and his wife and oldest children were farm, formerly in the tenure of Sylvester baptized at Milford, August 1, 1703. He Baldwin, lies directly across the street. At died in Milford, January 8, 1737-38. His the end of the farm are the Baldwin will is dated February 14, 1734. woods. A little way from St. Leonard's (IV) Caleb Baldwin, son of Samuel and lies Great Hampden, the paternal home Rebecca (Wilkinson) Baldwin, was born of Hampden, with its grand old avenue at Milford, Connecticut, July 26, 1704. He of beeches, so long that one imagines the married, January 29, 1729, Ann Tibbals, four thousand yeomen who are said to daughter of Thomas and Sarah Tibbals. have ridden to London in sympathy for Her mother, Sarah Tibbals, was a daugh the patriot congregated about it. Hamp ter of Nathaniel Bristol. Caleb Baldwin den was buried here in 1643. In his will joined the church at Milford in 1741. His he remembers John Baldwin. From this will, which bequeathed to his widow and region came the Baldwins, Bryants, children, was dated December 20, 1763, Fenns, Fowlers and others of Milford, and proved April 2, 1782. He resided at Connecticut, in 1638. John Baldwin was Milford and Newtown. among the earliest planters of Milford, (V) Jared Baldwin, son of Caleb and but was not a member of the church, and Ann (Tibbals) Baldwin, was born at Mil hence not a freeman. He joined the Mil ford, Connecticut, January 30, 1731. He ford church, March 19, 1648, and was bu married, September 18, 1753, Damaris ried at Milford, 1681. He married (first) Booth, of Newtown. In 1775 he had a Mary ; (second) Mary Bruen, of deed of land from his parents, then of Pequot, daughter of John Bruen, who New Milford. Jared Baldwin served with came from Stapleton, Cheshire, England. the Continental forces during the Amer She died September 2, 1670. ican Revolution as a member of Captain

202

]ézAfr¿h? ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Caleb Mix's company, Colonel Increase 1802. He removed to Michigan in middle Mosell's regiment, in 1778; and in 1780 life, and until his death occupied a promi was in Colonel Heman Swift's regiment. nent place in public life in that State. Col After the war he removed to Luzerne onel Lyman Baldwin was high sheriff of county (Wyoming Valley) Pennsylvania, Wayne county, Michigan, for the years and settled on a large tract of land there. 1853 and 1854, having previously held oth His wife died in 1816, and he in 1817, at er important offices. In 1855 Baldwin the residence of his son, Dr. Gabriel Bald avenue, Detroit, was named in his honor. win, in Connecticut. That city was his home during the great (VI) John (2) Baldwin, son of Jared and er part of his residence in the West, and Damans (Booth) Baldwin, was born No he figures notably in the history of the vember 17, 1768, and settled in Weston, early years of its industrial and commer Connecticut, where he died July 7, 1840. cial expansion. Colonel Baldwin married He resided in Weston and in Bridgeport, Mancy Booth, daughter of Eben and Sa following agricultural pursuits in both rah (Steele) Booth, of Bridgeport, Con places. He married (first) October, 1790, necticut. (See Booth VII). He died in in Weston, Naomi Brinsmade, who was Detroit, October 8, 1875. born February 27, 1769, and died De cember 16, 1812. He married (second) in BOOTH FAMILY, 1814, Mariane Smith, who died in Wes ton in 1819. Children: 1. Eli, born Ancestral History. July 30, 1791, died in Columbus, Ohio. 2. Arms — Argent three boars' heads erect and Josiah, born February 28, 1793, died Oc erased sable langued gules. Crest — A lion passant argent. tober 25, 1867; married (first) May 20, Motto — Quod ero spero. 1818, Jeanette Wells, who died December 5, 1826; (second) May II, 1828, Sarah The Booth family has figured prominent Burr, who died in 1864. 3. Clarissa, born ly in English history since the middle of the February 14, 1795, died September 25, thirteenth century. The name, which is of 1880; married, November 6, 1817, Levi local origin and has become strongly rami Beardsley. 4. Esther, born April 16, 1797, fied in South Lancashire, England, is first died March 15, 1852. 5. Nathan, born of record on the ancient rolls of the county May 8, 1799, died May 21, 1854; married palatine of Lancaster, in the year 1275. All Julia Ann Wheeler, and among their chil families of the name in various parts of dren was Samuel Wheeler Baldwin, a no England, and those American branches table figure in financial and business cir which claim descent from the founder, cles in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and for Richard Booth, are believed to be derived several decades president of the Connecti from one parent stock, of which William de cut National Bank. 6. Lyman, mentioned Boothe of Lancaster county was the pro below. 7. Abel, born May 3, 1804, died Oc genitor. tober 15, 1872. 8. Edwin, born April 29, The New England Booths, prominent 1808, was identified with his brother Jo from the beginning of Colonial history to siah in the printing and bookbinding bus the present day, descend from four progeni iness; died May 12, 1882. tors. Robert Booth settled at Exeter, Mas (VII) Lyman Baldwin, son of John (2) sachusetts, in 1645, whither he removed to and Naomi (Brinsmade) Baldwin, was Saco, Maine, in 1653. John Boothe was of born in Weston, Connecticut, March 27, Scituate, Massachusetts, in 1656, and prob

203 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ably of Southold, Long Island. Humphrey ily seated in Lancashire before the Conquest. Boothe, merchant of Charlestown, Massa After her death, he married Maude, daugh chusetts, married a daughter of the Rev. ter of Sir Clifton Savage, of Clifton, in Mr. Symes, about 1656. Richard Boothe, Cheshire, Knight. of Stratford, was one of the original pro (VI) Sir Robert (2) Booth, son of John prietors of the town, and a leading figure Booth and his wife Joan, was the first of in its early life. His descendants have the Booths who settled at Dunham Massey, ranked among the foremost families in Con in Cheshire. He died September, 1450, and necticut for two hundred and fifty years, is buried in the parish church of Wilmer- and have never relinquished the prestige of ton, in Cheshire. He married Dulcis, early generations. daughter and heir of Sir William Venables, The pedigree of the English house of of Bollen, Knight. She died September, which the American Booths are an offshoot, 1453. Sir Robert Booth and William his is herewith appended: son had a grant of the shrievalty of (I) William de Boothe, son of Adam Cheshire for both their lives. de Boothe, of Lancaster county, in 1275, (VII) Sir William (2) Booth, son and married Sybil, daughter of Ralph de Brere- heir of Sir Robert (2) Booth, of Dunham ton, of the county palatine of Chester, de Massey, Knight, married Maude, daughter scendant of an ancient English family. of J. Dutton, Esq., of Dutton in Cheshire, (II) Thomas de Booth, son of William who survived him and married again. Sir de Boothe, and his heir, married and had William Booth received of Henry VI. an Robert, mentioned below. annuity for services to the Crown. (III) Robert Booth, son of Thomas de (VIII) Sir George Booth, or Bothe, son Booth, married into the Barton family of of Sir William (2) Booth, married Cath Lancashire, but evidence is not clear wheth erine, daughter and heir of R. Mountfort, er his wife was Agnes, daughter and heir of of Bescote, in County Stafford. The Mount- Sir William de Barton, or her daughter and forts were of noble connection, bearing re heir Loretta. lationship to David, King of Scotland, and (IV) Thomas (2) Booth, knight, (styl to the great family of Clinton. This mar ed Thomasin of the Booths), son of Robert riage brought to Sir George Booth an Booth, was living at the time of Edward "ample estate of manors and lands in the III. 1327-77. His seal (as appeared in an counties of Salop, Stafford, Warwick, ancient document in possession of Lord Leicester, Hereford, Wilts, Somerset, Dev Delamere in 1680) was, in 1372, "a chevron on and Cornwall." He died in 1483. engrailed in a canton, a mullet, and for crest (IX) Sir William (3) Booth, son of Sir a fox and a St. Catherine wheel," with the George Booth, of Dunham Massey, married motto Sigillum Thomae. He married El (first) Margaret, daughter and co-heir of len, daughter of Thomas De Workesley, Thomas Ashton, of Lancashire "by whom a near Booths, in Lancashire. large inheritance in Lancashire and Cheshire (V) John Booth, son of Sir Thomas came to the family of Bothe ;" she died be (2) Booth and his heir, was living in the fore 1504. He then married Ellen, daugh time of Richard II. and Henry IV. (1377- ter and co-heir of Sir John Montgomery, of 1413). He is styled John of Barton. He Kewby, in Staffordshire. Sir William Booth married (first) Joan, daughter of Sir Henry possessed various manors in Cheshire, Trafford, of Trafford, in Lancashire, Yorkshire and Cornwall. He died Novem Knight, member of an ancient English fam ber 19, 1 519, and was buried at Bowden.

204 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(X) Sir George (2) Booth, Esq., son and born in 1607. The exact date of his coming heir of Sir William (3) Booth, married to New England is unknown. He is first of Elizabeth Butler, of Beausay, near Warring actual record in Stratford, Connecticut, in ton, in Lancashire, whose progenitors had a list dated about 1651. The list of the been summoned to Parliament in the reigns seventeen original proprietors of the town of Edward I. and II. has been lost, but considerable evidence (XI) Sir George (3) Booth, eldest son leads to the belief that Richard Booth's and heir of Sir George (2) Booth, was born name was among them. The birth of a about 1515-16, and died in 1544, aged twen daughter to him is noted in 1641. Another ty-eight years. He married, in 1531, Mar curious incidental testimony in favor of his garet, daughter of Rowland Bulkley, of original proprietorship is a protest in 1724 Benmorris (Anglesea). He married, after (vol. of "Town Acts," p. 102), by Ambrose her death, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Ed Tompson, son of John, then aet. 72, and by mund Trafford, of Lancashire, Knight. To Ebenezer Boothe, son of Richard, also aet. him, as head of one of the families of rank, 72; they complain of injustice in the dis came an official letter, October 12, 1529, tribution of land, and say "Our parents, we announcing, by command of Queen Jane suppose were either actually or virtually Seymour, the birth of her son, afterward among some of the very first settlers of the King Edward VI. It is dated on the day of town of Stratford, which was settled with his birth. This letter was preserved by Mary, very great difficulty and charge, as we have Countess Dowager of Stamford (1771), as been informed. The expense of one of our was also another from Henry VIII. to Sir parents for watching and warding, and other George Booth, dated February 10, 1543, charges, cost more than £40, money." concerning the forces to be raised against Richard Booth's (or Boothe's) name ap the Scots. Elizabeth, wife of Sir George pears often in the town records of his day Booth, died in 1582. Both are buried at as "townsman," or selectman, and in other Trentham Church, Staffordshire. commissions of trust. The prefix Mr. be (XII) William (4) Booth, son of Sir fore his name is incontrovertible evidence George (3) Booth, was but three years old that he was a man of influence and high when his father died, and therefore was in position in the community. The title in ward to the King. He married Elizabeth, usage in that day was applied only to gentle daughter of Sir John Warburton, of Airely men of recognized social standing. Richard in Cheshire, Knight. He became sheriff of Booth became the owner, through grant and Chester, 1571, and was knighted, 1579. He purchase, of a large landed property, which died September, 1579, in his thirty-ninth he divided in his lifetime among his chil year, and was buried at Barton. His wife dren. His home lot was located on Main died December, 1628. street, on the west side, the fifth in order (XIII) Richard Booth, son of William below the Bridgeport road. Like other (4) Booth, married a Massie, of Cogshill, proprietors his lands were spread over a in Cheshire, and died in 1628. Through considerable area, and were unconnected, a him the connection of the Stratford Booths fact which seems to be more generally char with the family in England is established. acteristic of Stratford than of the majority of New England towns. His name last ap (The Family in America) pears on the records, in March, 1688-89, m (I) Richard Booth, immigrant ancestor his eighty-second year. Mr. Booth seems and founder of the Stratford Booths, was to have been twice married, for in 1689 he

205

а*/#ь ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY speaks of "my now wife," a phrase com after his marriage removed to Roxbury, monly indicative, as then used, of a second Connecticut, where he died June 21, 1773, marriage. His first wife was Elizabeth, sis aged seventy- four years. David Booth was ter of Joseph Hawley, founder of the Haw- a prominent resident of Trumbull, and was ley family of Stratford, and the first re one of the twenty-four original members corder or town clerk. This is another in of the church formed there, May 6, 1747. cidental proof of his being one of the His wife died November 19, 1793, aged original proprietors of the town. ninety-one years. (II) Joseph Booth (or Boothe), ances (IV) David (2) Booth, son of David tor of all of the name now living in the (1) and Anne (Mills) Booth, was born in present town of Stratford, was born there in October, 1733. He settled in Trumbull, March, 1656. He became a landed proprie Connecticut, and was prominent in civil tor in Stratford, and was one of the lead life there. He was a large land owner and ing men of the town in his day. His estate prosperous farmer. David Booth served on was among the largest in the town. Part the school committee of Trumbull, and in of the front wall of the cellar of his house October, 1812, represented the town in the still remains. Other relics are in possession Connecticut Legislature. He married, No of his descendants. An account-book in vember 12, 1752, Prudence Edwards, who which his business transactions are entered died December 21, 1782, aged sixty years. is in the possession of Mr. David B. Booth, He died September 14, 1824, aged ninety- of Putney. Several leaves at the beginning one years. of this interesting old ledger are lost. The (V) Philo Booth, son of David (2) and remaining entries extend from 1 681 to 1703. Prudence (Edwards) Booth, was born in Two or three generations of the descendants Trumbull, Connecticut, and resided there of Joseph Booth used the volume for a like all his life, a prominent citizen and prosper purpose. Numerous debts of long standing ous farmer. He died July 31, 1819, aged were discharged by deeds of land, which sixty-one years. Philo Booth was active greatly increased his property, and enabled in public affairs in Trumbull, and in 1806 him to confer valuable farms on his chil represented the town in the Connecticut dren and their families. Joseph Booth oc State Legislature. He married Anna , cupied a position of prominence in the life who died March 18, 1838, aged seventy-six and affairs of early Stratford. He married years. Both are buried in the Unity Bury (first) Mary Wells, daughter of John ing Place. Wells; (second) Hannah Willcoxson, (VI) Eben Booth, son of Philo and daughter of John Willcoxson, about 1685 ; Anna Booth, was a well known farmer in she died in 1701. In 1702 he married Bridgeport, Connecticut, for several de (third) Elizabeth , who after his cades. He was widely known and eminent death gave bonds for the management of ly respected in Fairfield county. Eben the estate. He died in Stratford, September Booth married Sarah (Sally) Steele, mem 1, 1703, aged forty-six years. ber of a family long established in Con (III) David Booth, son of Joseph and necticut; they were the parents of eight Hannah (Willcoxson) Booth, was born in children, all daughters, who removed after Stratford, Connecticut, about 1698. He marriage to the West. married (first) in June, 1727, Mrs. Anne (VII) Mancy Booth, daughter of Eben Mills, of Windsor. About 1740 he mar and Sarah (Steele) Booth, was born near ried (second) Mary , and shortly Bridgeport, Connecticut, December 22, 1805. 206

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She became the wife of Colonel Lyman The origin of the surname Cheney re Baldwin, and shortly after her marriage re mains shrouded in doubt despite the fact moved with her husband to Auburn, New that students of the subject have from time York, later going to Detroit, Michigan, to time advanced theories to cover it. The where she died in 1882. Mrs. Baldwin is name is of very ancient date, and appears remembered greatly by the older generation in the earliest of English medieval registers. of Detroit's citizens, as a gentlewoman of Lower gives its source as Quesnay, in the birth and breeding, who worked inde- canton of Montmartin, department of La fatigably beside her husband for the ad Manche, Normandy, which is highly re vancement of religious interest in the city. asonable, since the English attempt to pro She was also one of the leaders among the nounce the French Quesnay would greatly noble Christian women of Detroit whose resemble the pronounciation of the surname self sacrificing efforts in behalf of Michigan Cheney in its present usage. The particle soldiers at the front, in the hospitals, and de appears in all early entries of the name. manned and wounded at home, are matters Another attempt to explain the origin of of history. the name finds its derivation in the French word "Chêne," which means oak. Despite CHENEY, Maj. Augustus J., the controversy concerning its source it is certain that Cheney, or as it was variously Distinguished Educator. spelled Chine, Cheyney, Cheyne, was one of Arms — Azure six lions rampant argent a can the earliest surnames in use in England. ton ermine. The family had attained a position of prom Crest — A bull's scalp argent. inence in English affairs even before the Supporters — Two greyhounds. custom of using surnames. Sir Nicholas Tradition records that Sir John Cheney, Cheney acquired the Manor of Up-Ottery, of Sherland, an eminent soldier under the in Devonshire, in the reign of Henry III. banner of Henry of Richmond, at Bos- (1207-72). John Cheney was archdeacon worth, personally encountered King Rich of Exeter, July 10, 1379, one of the clergy ard, was felled to the ground by that mon of the Litchfield Cathedral in June, 1382, arch, had his crest struck off, and his head and prebend of Huntingdon, March, 1387- laid bare ; for some time, it is said, he 88. In the sixteenth and seventeenth cen remained stunned, but recovering, he cut turies records of the Cheney family are the skull and horns off the hide of an ox found in Northampton, Wilts, Sussex, Ox which chanced to be near, and fixed them on fordshire, Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire, his head, to supply the loss of the upper Suffolk, Norfolk, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, part of his helmet ; he then returned to the Hertfordshire, Essex and Devonshire — pret field of battle, and did such signal service ty generally diffused throughout the coun that Henry, on being proclaimed King, as try. signed Cheney for crest, the bull's horns The American Cheneys rank among the which his descendants still bear. Whatever oldest and foremost families in the country. may be the credence given to this story, Originally of New England, they have certain it is that Sir John Cheney was most spread into all parts of the United States. instrumental in the successful issue of Rich The late Major Augustus Jackman Cheney, mond's cause, and was created by that mon although identified during the greater part arch Baron Cheney, and made Knight of the of his life with the Middle West, and for Garter. many years before his death a prominent

207 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY resident of Oak Park, and a well known Edmund Cheney. (VI) Moses Cheney. figure in educational and club circles in (VII) Jonathan Cheney. (VIII) Mark Chicago, was a native of Massachusetts, and Cheney. a lineal descendant of William Cheney, (IX) Moody Cheney, son of Mark Che 1604-67. ney, was a prominent resident of George (I) William Cheney, immigrant ances town, County Essex, Massachusetts. He tor and progenitor of the family in Amer married Sarah Susan Burbank, of Byfield, ica, was born in England about 1604. He Massachusetts, member of a family long was a landholder and resident in the town prominent in Massachusetts life and affairs. of Roxbury, Massachusetts, before the year (X) Major Augustus Jackman Cheney, 1640, owning twenty- four and a half acres son of Moody and Sarah Susan (Burbank) of land at that date. He subsequently ac Cheney, was born in Georgetown, Massa quired other property. His homestead lay chusetts, March 1, 1837. He spent his early in a bend of the old highway, now Dudley youth on his father's farm, securing his street, near its junction with Warren street. elementary education in the schools of In 1645 the Roxbury Free School was Georgetown. He later prepared for college founded, and the name of William Cheney at Thetford Academy, and matriculated at is found on the list of subscribers to the Dartmouth, where he was graduated in school fund, also among the few who spe 1857. Having already decided upon the pro cially guaranteed the town the payment of fession of teaching as his life work, he chose their yearly contributions. This fact would the West as the scene of his labors, and im indicate that William Cheney was not only mediately on securing his degree went to a man of education and refinement who ap Wisconsin, and entered upon his work in preciated the value of a school in the com the Fifth Ward School at Racine. He rose munity, but that he also was among the men rapidly to the fore in educational circles in of comfortable estate in the town. In 1648 Racine, and two years later became princi he was elected a member of the board of pal of the schools of Delavan. At a later assessors, and on February 23, 1653, be date he became the first county superin came a member of a committee to raise a tendent of Walworth county. While fill certain sum for the maintenance of the ing this office he was convinced, by the minister. In 1654-55 he was one of the two glaring unfitness of numerous teachers in constables, and on January 19, 1656-57, was the schools, that politics with their attendant a member of the Board of Selectmen. On corruption played a large part in the selec May 23, 1666, he was made a freeman of tion of teachers. At the time the office of the colony. He was admitted to full com superintendent of schools was elective, no munion in the church, March 5, 1665-66, stress was laid on the necessity of mental and his wife, April 22, 1644. After his and intellectual attainments in the candidate, death his widow, Margaret, married (sec and it was not an infrequent happening that ond) Bürge or Burges, and was a man entrusted with the difficult and im again a widow before 1679. She spent her portant task of directing the education of last years in Boston, but was buried in Rox the young was unable to write his own bury, July 3, 1686. William Cheney died name. Shortly after his arrival in Wiscon in Roxbury, Massachusetts, June 30, 1667. sin, Mr. Cheney took the first steps in the The following seven generations were as reform which subsequently swept the State, follows: (II) John Cheney. (Ill) Peter and made Wisconsin's school system one of Cheney. (IV) John (2) Cheney. (V) the foremost in the country in point of ef-

208 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ficiency. A well planned campaign of consin, however, distinguished him for more ridicule and exposure, finally carried to the than forty years. From June to November, Legislature, was the death knell of the old 1865, he was on provost duty in the city of system. In its place was installed a system St. Louis, as commandant of Gratior Street of county superintendents of education. In Military Prison and the Chateau Avenue the first election held after the reform, Mr. Barracks, and on November 8, 1865, was Cheney was elected superintendent for Wal mustered out with his command at Madi worth county. This office he filled ably and son, Wisconsin. well for two years, at the end of his second Returning to civil life at the close of the term declining re-election to serve the cause war, Major Cheney resumed his educational of the Union on the battlefields of the work, and for a year was principal of the South. schools at Elkhorn, Wisconsin. At the Shortly after the outbreak of the Rebel close of this period he became associated lion he had raised and trained a company with the firm of Ivison, Blakeman & Com of teachers and students for the Fortieth pany, publishers of text books, as their Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. agent for Wisconsin, Minnesota and the On May 26, 1864, Mr. Cheney was commis Dakotas. For twenty-seven years Major sioned captain of Company F, and with Cheney headed this department .of Ivison, his command proceeded to the district of Blakeman & Company, retiring at the end Memphis, Tennessee, where they were en of that time for a much needed rest. In gaged in guarding and picketing; the regi May, 1893, during the World's Fair at ment also participated in several skirmishes, Chicago, he accepted an offer from G. & С playing a prominent part in what was Merriam Company, publishers of Webster's known as Forest's Raid, August 21, 1864, dictionaries, to become their general west through which Captain Cheney led his com ern agent. Despite his retirement from the pany with signal ability. On September 16, field as a teacher, Major Cheney retained 1864, after his return to Wisconsin at the throughout his active career an almost of end of his term of enlistment, he was mus ficial connection with educational affairs in tered out with his regiment. Again in 1865 the State of Wisconsin. He was regarded he offered his services to his country in by educators as an advisor and counselor, response to President Lincoln's last call for because of his deep interest and invaluable troops. He was commissioned second lieu experience in teaching and in supervision, tenant of Company K, Forty-ninth Wiscon and wielded a greater influence in this field sin Infantry, commanded by Captain Bishop than any other man of his time, not only in Samuel Fallows, of the Illinois Command- Wisconsin, but in Minnesota and the Da ery. Early in the spring of 1865 he was kotas. He was a leader in the National ordered to Rollo, Missouri, to assume charge Educational Association from the first, and of the fort there. On February 16, 1865, in 1884 was made one of hs life members nine days after having been commissioned by the State superintendent, presidents of second lieutenant, he was advanced to the the normal schools and leading educators of rank of captain, and so continued until the the State, an honor which he prized most close of the war. He was later appointed highly. major of the regiment, but owing to the Major Cheney was a prominent figure in early mustering of the command was never Masonic circles in the State of Wisconsin, officially given that rank. The title of ma and had attained to the thirty-second degree jor, awarded him by the governor of Wis of the Scottish Rite. In political affiliation

209 А. В.— 6-14 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY he was a Republican, and a loyal supporter attracted by the golden promise of the West, of the principles and policies of the party. disposed of his interests there and went to Nevertheless he remained strictly outside Michigan, where for several years he en the field of politics, limiting his participa gaged actively in farming on a large scale. tion to the duties of good citizenship. He In 1844 he settled in Racine, which was was deeply interested in national and local his home thence forward until the closing issues, and thoroughly conversant with cur years of his life. Here he established a rent topics. A gentleman of culture, of saw mill which he conducted successfully broad tolerance, a lover of the arts, liter for many years. Duncan Sinclair was a ature and music, a brilliant conversation well known figure in the public and business alist, as well as a talented business man, life of Racine for several decades. He Major Cheney represented the type of well served as justice of the peace, and as county rounded mentality which the commercial treasurer. He was one of the foremost lay ism and specialized effort of the present men of the Scotch Presbyterian church in century are fast destroying. He was a Racine, and a generous supporter of all its man of impressive personality, well calcu charities and benevolences. An upright lated to sink deeply into the minds of those Christian gentleman, true to his obligations with whom he came in contact. His friends to church, state and family, Duncan Sinclair were legion, and his death was sincerely wielded a large influence in the life of the mourned. Racine of his day, and his name figures fre On August 4, 1862, Major Cheney mar quently in the history of the city in the ried in Racine, Wisconsin, Sybil A. Sin middle of the nineteenth century. He mar clair, who was born in Moscow, Hillsdale ried Lucretia Ashley, member of the old county, Michigan, January 29, 1837, daugh and honored Connecticut family of the ter of Duncan and Lucretia (Ashley) Sin name, who was a lineal descendant of Rob clair, of New York, and a descendant of ert Ashley, the immigrant ancestor and several prominent old New York families. founder of the family in America, who set tled in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1638- Sinclair Arms — Quarterly, first, azure a ship, her 39. She died at the age of sixty-six years, sails furled, within a double tressure counterflory or; second and third, or a lion rampant gules; and her husband spent the last years of his fourth, azure a ship in full sail or ; over all. life with their daughter, Mrs. Cheney, in dividing the quarters, a cross engrailed quarterly, Oak Park, Illinois. Duncan and Lucretia argent and sable, in the center a crescent argent. (Ashley) Sinclair were the parents of Sy Crest — A griffin's head erased proper. bil A. Sinclair, who became the wife of Supporters — Two griffins, per fesse, or and gules, armed and langued azure. the late Augustus Jackman Cheney, of Chi Motto — Candide sed caute. cago. Following the death of her husband, Mrs. Cheney disposed of the beautiful resi Ashley Arms — Azure, a cinquefoil pierced and dence which he had built in Oak Park, and a bordure engrailed ermine. Crest — A harpy proper. which had been their home for forty-one years. Mrs. Cheney, who was among the Duncan Sinclair, the first of the family first residents of Oak Park, still makes her to settle in the Middle West, was born in home there. Originally a large land owner New York State, was educated and grew to in this section, she has gradually disposed young manhood there. For a short period of all her property, with the exception of prior to his removal to the West, he con No. 821 Lake street, her present home. ducted a saw mill in the town of York, but Major and Mrs. Cheney had no children,

210 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY but adopted a son, Lafayette Moody Sin mandery of the Military Order of the Loyal clair Cheney. Legion, in July, 1885. It was for that reason Major Augustus Jackman Cheney died that he became, a quarter of a century ago, a member of the Wisconsin Consistory of Scottish at his home in Oak Park, Illinois, February Rite Masons. It was for that reason that he 27, 1907, in the seventieth year of his age. attended nearly all of the political and other The following resolutions are a tribute to large conventions held in Wisconsin. Few, if the memory of the man, and in a measure any, members of this commandery have been convey the universal esteem in which he was more regular in their attendance upon its meet ings than Companion Cheney. He loved Wiscon held. sin ; he loved Wisconsin institutions ; he loved Wisconsin people, and in return he was loved The Chicago Congregational Club, assembled and honored by the people of this state. He for the celebration of its twenty-fifth anniver was a lovable man. He was so constituted that sary, counts the vacant places of many former he could make friends on every hand, and seldom, members of this body. Of those who have passed if ever, an enemy. Though all his life an ardent away ' within the year, none will be more truly Republican, and an aggressive one, he seems to missed than Major A. J. Cheney. Major Cheney have missed all of those rough and rugged paths was first an educator, and both as a teacher and that most men of strong party bias encounter, a man of influence in educational affairs, he exerted wide and wholesome power on behalf of and which result in bitter anomisities. Men of his own and of the opposite party admired the public schools. At the outbreak of the great war for freedom, he offered his life to his coun him so thoroughly as a large hearted man, a try, abandoning all other ambitions and throwing genuine friend, and a genial associate, that polit into its service all the ardor of a well trained ical differences never created other differences. mind and a strong nature of heroic mould. He Phil Sheridan Post, Grand Army of the was a valiant soldier on the battlefield, exposing Republic, adopted the following memorial: himself to special peril for the flag he loved and leaving behind him a record of unfaltering devo Whereas, The trumpet of the Lord has again tion to his country and its principles. He was a sounded in our midst and Comrade Augustus J. loyal citizen and a faithful friend, a man of Cheney has answered to the final roll call and generous purpose and kind heart. The members now rests from care and labor, therefore, be it of his club cherish his memory and express to Resolved, by comrades of Phil Sheridan Post, his family their sincere sympathy. No. 615, Department of Illinois, Grand Army of the Republic, in regular meeting assembled this The Wisconsin Commandery of the Loyal first day of March, 1907, that with deep sorrow Legion of the United States paid the follow we mourn the loss of our old comrade, who ing tribute to Major Cheney : peacefully and without a struggle yielded up his life on Wednesday last in obedience to the sum Though a resident of another state the past mons of our Great Commander, that we com thirty-five years, Major Cheney never lost his mend his soul to the God who gave it, praying interest in the educational and other affairs of that His loving mercy may give happy shelter and Wisconsin. He was one of the early members of merited reward. the State Teachers' Association, has served as its Rugged of form, brusque of speech, yet court president, and taken an active part in building eous unto all, ever seeking to play well the part up, seldom, if ever, failing to attend its sessions. of a true and ideal citizen of the republic, jealous We need not hesitate to claim that but few men in as a lover of the good name of the village, state Wisconsin have had a greater part in bettering and nation, a true and loyal lover of wife, family, the condition of the public schools. There is no home and country, a just and honorable man, a risk in saying that no other man had as many hearty whole-souled comrade, such was Past personal acquaintances in the State. His field as Commander Augustus J. Cheney. He was heart manager for school book publishers included this ily interested in and a loyal member of Phil »täte, and he visited every city and village more Sheridan Post, and we shall miss his cheery man or less frequently. It was for that reason that ner, good judgment and ever willing aid in our his membership was placed with Wisconsin Com councils.

211 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

The Wisconsin State "Journal" wrote ed shall, who subsequently came to America itorially : and settled in Virginia, that Chief-Justice John Marshall, the greatest jurist our Major Cheney made friends everywhere he country has ever known sprang. There went, and held them, too. He was as much at home and welcome in the private office of Dr. were more than twelve pioneers of the Harris as in the district school with the rural name of Marshall in New England be teacher. In fact, this remarkable acquaintance tween the years 1634 and 1678. The ship was due to his recognition of the younger earliest to come was Francis Marshall in element in the profession. Advancing years did 1634, in the ship "Christian," from Lon not dim his vision of those who soon would be at the helm. He will be missed at state and national don to Boston. In the same year came educational gatherings, where for more than fifty John Marshall, on the "Hopewell" to Bos years he has been a familiar figure. His genial ton, and Christopher Marshall, who went disposition, his big souled nature, his record as from Boston to Exeter. Edmund Mar a teacher, a scholar, a soldier, a man — are the shall, of Salem, 1636, probably removed elements of his character which will long live in the memories of those whose good fortune it was from Ipswich to New London, Connecti to know Major Augustus Jackman Cheney. cut. In 1658 there was a John Marshall, of Billerica; John of Providence, 1639, and John of Duxbury. MARSHALL, Caleb H., Still later on, and distinct from any Man of Enterprise. of the early Marshalls above mentioned, was a John Marshall, who as means of Arms — Argent, on a saltire azure between three distinction has been characterized as John laurel leaves slipped proper in chief and flank and a hunting horn sable stringed gules in base, of Braintree. He was a native of Scot a cross crosslet fitchee of the field. land, and is of record in Boston as early Crest — A dove with an olive branch in its as 1659. It was from this John Marshall beak proper. that the Marshalls of ancient Bridgewa- Motto — Virtute tutus (By virtue safe). ter descended, although the connecting The Marshalls of America, descending link between the generations is lost. Be from the ancient Scotch family, trace their cause of the great number of Marshall descent from William Marsshall, a mem families residing in Massachusetts prior ber of the train of William the Conqueror to the American Revolution, difficulty has at the time of the Norman Conquest. As been experienced in tracing ancestral lines the name implies, he was a commander or to their founders; the recurrence of the marshal in the army of occupation, the same baptizmal names in families of dif name Marshall being a military term ferent stock also augments the difficult)' needing no further explanation. Since the The late Caleb Howard Marshall, well office was one of considerable honor and known Chicago business man, founder importance, the name was transmitted and for many years manager of the F. A. through successive generations until it Kennedy Biscuit Company which was became firmly fixed as a surname. At the eventually merged with the National Bis fall of Calais, in the reign of Mary, Cap cuit Company, was a member of the tain John Marshall distinguished himself Bridgewater family and a descendant in and was severely wounded. From him the fourth generation of Benjamin Mar descended John Marshall, who was a cap shall, Sr. tain at the battle of Edgehill, in the time (I) Benjamin Marshall, the first of the of Charles I. It was from this John Mar direct line to whom it has been possible

212

L ^^^^^^^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY to trace, was of the fourth or possibly of of Nehemiah Howard, and a lineal descen the fifth generation of the family in Amer dant of John and Priscilla (Mullins) Al- ica, and was a descendant of John Mar den, of the "Mayflower." Their children shall, of Boston, above mentioned. In were: I. Mary Frances, died May 31, early life he was a resident of Stoughton, 1870, in Cochesett. 2. Benjamin Francis. Massachusetts, whence he removed prior 3. Mary Jane. 4. Seba Howard, died in to 1768 to Bridgewater, Massachusetts. 1872. 5. Nehemiah Howard. 6. Caleb Benjamin Marshall married in Bridgewa Howard, mentioned below. ter, December 29, 1768, Mary Hay ward, (IV) Caleb Howard Marshall, son of who was born in 1749, daughter of Thom Benjamin (2) and Polly (Howard) Mar as and Elizabeth (Gannet) Hayward, and shall, was born in the town of West a descendant of Thomas Hayward, who Bridgewater, Massachusetts, July 16, came from England and settled in Dux- 1840, and died in Chicago, April 19, 1910. bury before 1638 and became an original He was educated in the local district proprietor of Bridgewater. schools. At the age of fifteen years he (II) Hayward Marshall, son of Benja entered the shoe factory of Edward Tis- min and Mary (Hayward) Marshall, was dale, at the munificent salary of twenty- born April 6, 1771. He was a resident of five cents a day. Three years later, when the town of Stoughton, at least for a time, he severed his connection with this enter for it is of record that he came from prise, he held a responsible position, but there to Bridgewater. Hayward Mar finding the work distasteful abandoned it shall was a prosperous farmer in that for a mercantile career. For three years part of the town known as Marshall's following, he was identified with his broth Corner, where he also conducted a tav er as clerk in the latter's store in Co ern for a number of years. On June 8, chesett, and here he gained the practical 1794, he married Olive Hayward, who experience which he later augmented by was born in 1774, daughter of Joseph and study in Spear & Sawyer's Commercial Olive (Manley) Hayward ; she died No College at Boston. On finishing this vember 12, i860. He died June 13, 1839. course, Mr. Marshall established himself Children: 1. Hayward. 2. Perez. 3. Ab in the general merchandising business at igail, married Waldo Field. 4. Hannah, South Milford, Massachusetts, a town married Rosseter Johnes. All are "May thirty miles from Boston, where he re flower" descendants, through Francis mained two years, during which period Cooke, who with his son John embarked he acted as postmaster. In the spring of on the "Speedwell" at Delf Havens, but 1863 he disposed of his business here and was transferred to the "Mayflower," and went to Boston, with the intention of con reached Plymouth in December, 1620. tinuing his journey to Washington. At (Ill) Benjamin (2) Marshall, son of the suggestion of the firm of Upham & Hayward and Olive (Hayward) Marshall, Steer, with whom he had formerly trans was born January 19, 1798, in Bridgewa acted business and whom he visited on ar ter, Massachusetts. He was a prosperous riving in Boston, he decided to undertake farmer, one of the leading agriculturists a business trip to Chicago. He carried of the section, and was long prominent with him letters of introduction to the firm in civil affairs in West Bridgewater. He of C. E. Olmstead & Company, proprie married, November 28, 1820, Polly How tors of the Oriental Flouring Mills, situ ard, born September 12, 1800, daughter ated at the Madison street bridge, and on 213 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

reaching Chicago accepted the firm's of bined with an unimpeachable honesty and fer of a position in the city salesroom, an incorruptible code of business ethics, agreeing to remain three months, during made him a power in the field in which he which time he thought to make a compre engaged. He was universally respected hensive study of business conditions in in business circles. Mr. Marshall was a the West. His connection with this house member of the South Shore Country Club extended over a period of three years, and the Union League Club of Chicago. however, at the end of which time he re He was also a member of the Kenwood turned to Massachusetts. After a brief Evangelical Church, and a regular and visit he returned to Chicago, and for three generous donor to all its charities. years was the representative on change of On November 17, 1869, Mr. Marshall the Star and Crescent Flouring Mills, married in Chicago, at old St. John's Epis buying the wheat and selling the product copal Church, Celia F. LeBailey, daugh of the mills, which had a capacity of six ter of Alexie and Celia (Gaudeau) De Le hundred barrels of flour per day. In 1870 Bailey. The De LeBailey coat-of-arms he accepted a position as travelling sales is as follows: man with the firm of Bale, Herdman & Arms —Azure, a castle argent, masoned sable Company, with whom he remained four Crest — A lion issuant, proper. years. He rose rapidly to a position of Motto — Dues fortissima turris (God is the importance with this firm, and in 1875 strongest tower). purchased an interest in the business. In Alexie De LeBailey, a French gentle July, 1880, he disposed of this to devote man of noble lineage, and a native of Par all his energy to organizing the F. A. is, came to the United States early in life Kennedy Biscuit Company, of which he and settled in New York City, where he became treasurer and manager. The ven established a flourishing business as a deal ture proved profitable, and grew to large er in fine furniture and antiques. He mar proportions, giving promise of still great ried, in New York, Celia Gaudeau, mem er expansion, when it was destroyed by ber of a fine old French family of the fire, on January 4, 1884. Mr. Marshall sold South, who was born in Savannah, Geor his stock in the firm to other members, gia. Their daughter, Celia F. LeBailey, and shortly afterward purchased an inter was born at No. 550 Broadway, then a est in the firm of Blake, Shaw & Com fashionable residential section of New pany, proprietors of the Dake Bakery. York, in 1840. Three months later, Alex Here he controlled a large proportion of ie LeBailey (as he now wrote his name, the stock, and assumed entire manage dropping the patrician "De" as an evi ment of the manufacturing department. dence of nobility not in keeping with His connection with the firm continued American ideals of equality) died in New until the consolidation of the company York, and his widow returned to the with the National Biscuit Company, South, locating in South Memphis, Ten when he retired from active business life. nessee, where she subsequently married Caleb Howard Marshall was a figure of Colonel John Phillip Phillips, and where importance in the mercantile life of Chi her daughter was educated and grew to cago until shortly before his death. He young womanhood. was a business man of keen foresight, an Since her marriage, Mrs. Marshall able organizer and a talented executive. has made her home in Chicago. A The shrewd Yankee business genius, com woman of culture and refinement, pos-

214

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY sessing all the womanly virtues which chitect of the Illinois Theatre. Concern the old South inculcated in its daugh ing his work on this edifice the "Saturday ters, Mrs. Marshall made her home the Evening Herald" of Chicago, under date center of a representative circle of men of October 13, 1900, said: and women, whom her lavish hospi While the Hayman-Davis Company is respon tality and charm as a leader and hostess sible for the proprietary interest in the scheme drew constantly to her. Mr. and Mrs. that has given to Chicago the only building in Marshall were the parents of two chil America wholly devoted to theatrical purposes, dren: i. Celia, who died in 1873, aged they were guided and inspired in the fruition of their plans by a young genius in architecture if three years. 2. Benjamin Howard, men ever there was one, and who made all the plans tioned below. for the theatre, designed its every feature and (V) Benjamin Howard Marshall, son superintended every bit of its construction. This of Caleb Howard and Celia F. (LeBailey) theatre has been his inspiration, and he has Marshall, was born in Chicago, Illinois, inspired it. He has seen its beauties unfold day May 5, 1874. He attended the Harvard by day, first in thought and then in reality, and while his every thought for its ultimate fitness School of Chicago until he reached his and usefulness has been born of beauty and seventeenth year, when he quitted his enthusiasm, he has beheld the splendor of his studies, and impatient to be started on a creation dawn upon the vision of the city with a business career secured his first employ modesty and sweetness of appreciation that has ment as a clerk with Clement, Bane & left its impress upon the many who have come into contact with him day by day. Benjamin H. Company, wholesale clothiers, at the sal Marshall is probably the youngest architect who ary of five dollars a week. He remained has ever designed a theatre of this magnitude and with this firm only a year, during this beauty. He has lived here all his life, and while, time having decided upon the profession like other sons of rich parents, he might have of architecture for his life work. He be nestled in the lap of luxury, he studied for him self and fought for himself, and strange as it gan his studies toward this end under must appear in the light of the great achieve H. R. Wilson, of Chicago, under whom he ment of which all Chicago talks to-day, he has was thoroughly grounded in the funda never in his life taken a lesson in architecture or mentals of the art, and with whom he even drawing. He taught himself, beginning his laid the foundations of his subsequent professional career in a minor capacity in the phenomenal success. In 1895 Mr. Mar office of H. R. Wilson, whose business partner he later became. He has designed many of the shall was admitted to partnership, and larger of the prominent buildings and apartment the firm name became Wilson & Mar houses in Chicago, notably the Blackstone Hotel shall. In April, 1902, Mr. Marshall dis and theatre. His work includes the Northwes posed of his interest in the firm, and for tern Mutual Life building in Milwaukee, which three years engaged in business inde is one of the finest buildings in the world. pendently. During the first year he was In 1905, Mr. Marshall formed a part awarded contracts for buildings aggre nership with Charles H. Fox, under the gating in value three million dollars, in firm name of Marshall & Fox. The firm cluding the Illinois, Pawers and Colonial have been architects for the Blackstone theatres, of Chicago, and the Nixon Opera Hotel, the Blackstone Theatre, the Steger House, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, hav building, the Maxine Elliott Theatre, of ing even at this comparatively early date New York City, and many other im established second to none in the field of portant buildings of Chicago and other theatre architecture in the Middle West. metropolitan centers, notably among them He first became known to fame as the ar the Northwestern Mutual Life building of 215 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Milwaukee, before mentioned. Marshall career. William Kieft Coyl, his father, was & Fox now enjoy a national reputation. successfully engaged in the hotel business in The success of Benjamin H. Marshall in Detroit, and also dealt largely in live stock. the architectural profession is even more The business of stock raising interested remarkable in view of the fact that he young Coyl, and he soon became a mosi has never had any training in schools. able assistant to his father in the manage Encountering at the outset of his career ment of his yard. At the age of fourteen the determined opposition of technically years he took a load of hogs to Boston, dis trained men, he gradually overcame this posed of them to advantage, and returned by sheer force of genius, and within a to Detroit with the money intact — a feat short period established himself firmly in remarkable in consideration of his years and a place of leadership which usually de the difficulties of travel at the time. From mands years of study and labor. Today that time forward he was active in the man he ranks prominently among the foremost agement of the business, and before attain architects in the United States. ing his majority had almost entire charge On February i, 1905, Mr. Marshall mar of it. In addition to handling live stock, he ried in Chicago, Illinois, Mary Elizabeth also dealt largely in grain, doing much of Walton, daughter of Samuel B. Walton, the buying himself. In 1854 he was en of that city. Their children are: 1. Eliz gaged by the firm of Merrick & Fowler as abeth, born January 16, 1907. 2. Benja chief grain buyer, with headquarters at min Howard, Jr., born May 5, 1909- 3 Pontiac. In 1854 he resigned this position Dorothy. and went to Iowa, where for a short time Mr. Marshall is well known in club he engaged in the real estate business. On circles in Chicago, and is a member of the his return to Detroit, Mr. Coyl established Union League, the Chicago Automobile, a grain and flour business on Woodward the Exmoor and the South Shore Country avenue. This venture proved phenomenally successful, and he conducted it for a period clubs. of five years. But even this failed to ab sorb his entire attention, or to satisfy his COYL, Samuel Bell, ambition, and he eventually disposed of it, Soldier, EmterprUing Citizen. and again went to Iowa for his father, who Arms— Or, three bars azure. owned a large tract of land near Decorah. Crest— A hind's head erased, or. Here he put into successful operation a Samuel Bell Coyl, whose death in De long cherished plan of working the land troit, in 1893, was preceded by a period of under tenants, much after the English sys inactivity caused by his total blindness, fig tem. It was an innovation which at the out ured actively in Detroit business circles in set seemed fraught with disaster, but Mr. Civil War days. He was born in Birming Coyl was successful in bringing it to a most ham, Michigan, December 29, 1833, the son successful working basis, and was thus en of William Kieft and Jane (Bell) Coyl, and gaged at the outbreak of the Civil War. at the age of two years accompanied his par Iowa suffered much at the time at the hands ents to Detroit. He was given the best of hostile Indian tribes, and Decorah was educational advantages which the city af the scene of many harrowing events. Fired forded, but in his fifteenth year quitted the with enthusiasm for the cause of the Union, academy which he was attending, with the and incensed by the Indian outrages, Mr. intention of starting forthwith on a business Coyl enlisted in 1861 in the Sixth Iowa 216

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Cavalry, and was commissioned first lieu The Scroope tradition is based on an old tenant. He saw much active service among family record of a daughter of Rev. Benja the Indians in the first years of the war, but min Throop, who states that her father was was forced to retire because of failing eye the seventh child of Captain William sight, his eyes having become affected by Throop, who was the third son of William the Iowa alkali dust. Five years later he Throop, whose father "Lord Scroope of became totally blind. The remainder of his Scotland," "in one of the Scotch rebellions" life was spent between his Detroit home, and fled to America and assumed the name of famous watering places of Europe and the Throop. Endeavoring to verify this state South. ment, Winchester Fitch, genealogist of the On May 2, 1859, Mr. Coyl married Mary Throop family, ascertained that the Repub Rice Throop, daughter of Washington and lican officials of the Commonwealth were Catherine Eliza (Sternburg) Throop, at the called "Lord," as a title of courtesy; that home of her father at the corner of Ran Colonel Adrian Scroope, who fought in the dolph and Adams avenues, Detroit. The Parliamentary army, was governor of Bris house in which the ceremony took place is tol Castle in 1649. He later was prominent still standing. Mrs. Coyl has resided in her on the Parliamentarian side in the Civil present handsome home on Charlotte ave War, and served on the High Court of nue since 1885. Samuel Bell Coyl died at Justice that condemned King Charles I. and his home in Detroit, September 6, 1893. signed his death warrant. In 1657 he was commissioner to Scotland with General (The Throop Line). Monk, and later was sheriff of Lithgow and Arms — Gules, a fesse between two chevrons Sterling until the Restoration. When argent. Charles II. ascended the throne of England Crest — An arm embowed fesseways holding a he demanded the execution of the judges snake, all proper. who had condemned his royal father. As Motto — Debita faceré (They did their duty). an unrepentant regicide, the elder Scroope While no actual and incontrovertible was excepted out of the Act of Indemnity proof exists of the fact that William and executed at Charing Cross, London, in Throop, founder of the American family 1660. The son escaped to America in the of the name, was the son of Adrian Scroope, same year, settling at Hartford, where it one of the regicide judges of Charles I., appears he was first known by his proper tradition has long affirmed it and every evi name, but later assumed the alias William dence substantiates it. Many branches of Throop, because of the further safety which the family for several generations have pre it afforded. served the tradition that William Throop The Throop family in America has fig and Colonel Adrian Scroope are identical, ured prominently in the history of Connec on the ground that it is impossible otherwise ticut, Rhode Island and New York since the to account for the autograph of Adrian early Colonial days. Scroope, which appears in the Hartford (1) William Throop (thought to have Book of Possessions (p. 585) under date been the son of Colonel Adrian Scroope) is of March 11, 1666-67. Of this fact Sav first of record in Barnstable, Massachusetts, age says: "Strong probability from the where he married, on May 4, 1666, Mary union of such given name and surname Chapman, daughter of Ralph Chapman, arises that this man was son or near rel who came to New England in the "Eliza ative of the regicide." beth," in 1635. In 1680 he was grand jury 217 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

man in Barnstable. In the same year he and remained at its head until his death in became one of the original settlers of Bris 1785. He became one of the leading divines tol, Rhode Island, and from that time for of Connecticut in his day. Rev. Benjamin ward until his death was active in official Throop was chaplain of the Crown Point affairs in the town. William Throop made Expedition in 1755. In 1753 he was ap the journey overland from Barnstable to pointed to preach the election sermon, which Bristol, transporting his family and goods was afterwards printed by order of the in an ox-cart. In 1683 he was surveyor of Legislature, and appears in the Colonial highways in Bristol. In 1689 he was chosen Records of Connecticut, vol. 10, page 400. selectman; 1690 grand juryman; and in Dr. Throop was vigorous in his defence of 1691 represented the town in the Rhode the rights of the Colonists and bitter in his Island General Assembly. He died at Bris denunciation of the oppression of England. tol, December 4, 1704. His widow, who His attack on the Stamp Act was published. was born October 31, 1643, died in Bristol, He was a cultured gentleman, a scholar and in June, 1732, aged eighty-nine years. She an intellectual man, and one of the leaders was executrix of her husband's estate. of thought in Connectciut in the trying (II) Captain William (2) Throop, son period which preceded and followed the of William (1) and Mary (Chapman) Revolution. Throop, was born about 1678-79. He ac On September 27, 1735, he married at companied his father to Bristol, which was Canterbury, Connecticut, Sybil Dyer, who his home during the early part of his life. was born October 23, 1714, daughter of He was active in Bristol life, and served on Colonel John and Abigail (Fitch) Dyer, a committee chosen to survey six hundred and granddaughter of Major James Fitch, acres of undivided land in Bristol. Cap patron of Yale, and his wife Alice, daughter tain William Throop later removed to Leb of Major William Bradford, oldest son of anon, Connecticut, where he took a leading Governor Bradford. Major James Fitch part in public affairs. He represented the was the oldest son of Rev. James Fitch and town in the Connecticut General Court from his first wife Abigail, daughter of Rev. 1730 to 1735. He was moderator of town Henry Whitfield, and a descendant of the meetings in 1733-35, justice of the peace Sheafes and Mannings of Kent county, in 1736-37. Captain Throop was land agent England. Colonel Dyer was a descendant at Lebanon for the proprietors and acted for of Thomas Dyer, of Weymouth, Massachu the colony on numerous committees to set setts. Rev. Benjamin Throop died Septem tle boundary disputes. He held the rank ber 16, 1785. His will bears the date of of captain of the militia. On March 20, May 14, 1784. 1698, Martha Colyn, of Bristol, Rhode Is (IV) Hon. William (3) Throop, son of land, and William Throop were united in Rev. Benjamin and Sybil (Dyer) Throop, marriage. was born in Bozrah, Connecticut, December (III) Rev. Benjamin Throop, son of *5> I745- He resided in Bozrah during the Captain William (2) and Martha (Colyn) greater part of his life, and was active in Throop, was born at Bristol, Rhode Island, public affairs in the town, which he rep June 9, 1 712. He was graduated from Yale resented in the Connecticut State Legisla in the class of 1734, and subsequently pre ture. He later removed to Middleburg, pared for the divine ministry. On January New York, where he died February 23, 3, 1738, he became pastor of a church which 181 5. Hon. William Throop married, No he had organized at Bozrah, Connecticut, vember 9, 1769, Prudence Hyde, who was

218

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY born at Norwich, Connecticut, October 2, frequently in the history of the early years 1743, youngest daughter of Captain Daniel of Detroit's phenomenal industrial and com and Abigail (Wattles) Hyde. All their mercial development; Washington Throop children were born at Bozrah. was a member of the Central Methodist (V) Hon. Jabez West Throop, son of Church, and for many years an earnest Hon. William (3) and Prudence (Hyde) worker for the advancement of its interests. Throop, was born in Bozrah, Connecticut, He was a generous, though unostentatious, August 26, 1776. He settled in Schoharie donor to many charitable and benevolent county, New York, where he was a prom efforts. inent merchant and leader in public life until On September 21, 1837, he married Cath his death. For twelve years he was county erine Eliza Sternburg, born in New York treasurer, and for a similar period served City, December 25, 1816, died in Detroit, in as judge in the County Court. He held the 1873, aged fifty-seven years, daughter of rank of lieutenant in the local militia. On William Sternburg, a Dutch gentleman and April 30, 1801, he married Pamela West, a prominent New York merchant. The his cousin, who was born December 27, Sternburg coat-of-arms is as follows : 1779, at Norwich, Connecticut, daughter of Captain Elias and Mary (Lathrop) West. Arms — Azure, a star of five points or. Crest — The star of the shield between two buf Hon. Jabez West Throop died in Schoharie, falo horns argent New York, in November, 1845. His cousin, Enos Thompson Throop, was a notable Children of Mr. and Mrs. Throop: 1. figure in political life in New York in the General William A. Throop, who served middle of the nineteenth century, and was with distinction throughout the Civil War; governor of the State. Pamela (West) he enlisted in 1861, in Detroit, and was Throop died in Schoharie, February 16, commissioned lieutenant; he was rapidly 1813. advanced in rank and was mustered out of (VI) Washington Throop, son of Hon. the United States service a brigadier-gen Jabez West and Pamela (West) Throop, eral; was twice wounded; died in 1883. 2. was born at Schoharie, Schoharie county, Mary Rice, mentioned below. 3. Jabez New York, December 26, 1806, and died in Clinton, born in 1842, died in 1874. 4. Detroit, in 1883. He was educated in the Adeline, born in 1844; married Lyman local schools, and in young manhood learned Thayer ; their children were Marie and Ly the general merchandising business in his man Thayer. 5. Ann Eliza, born in 1847 > father's establishment in Schoharie. His married John D. Case, and is now a resi first independent venture was a dry goods dent of Grand Rapids, Michigan. store in Syracuse. This proved unsuccess (VII) Mary Rice Throop, daughter of ful, however, and was soon abandoned. Washington and Catherine Eliza (Stern- Mr. Throop later established a drug store burg) Throop, was born in New York, and in Syracuse, which he conducted until 1854, in 1845 accompanied her parents to De when he removed to Detroit, Michigan. troit, which has since been her home. On Here he became associated with the Chand May 2, 1859, she became the wife of the ler enterprises, with which he was prom late Samuel Bell Coyl. (See Coyl). Mrs. inently identified for many years. He was Coyl is a member of the Society of Daugh widely known in business and official circles ters of the American Revolution, and of the in the city in the middle decades of the Mt. Vernon Society. She attends St. John's nineteenth century, and his name figures Protestant Episcopal Church.

219 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

SHAW, Thomas, ampton. His name and that of his son, Manufacturer, Inventor. James, are among petitioners, December 11, 1722, for the separation of the town Arms — Argent, a chevron between three fusils, ermines. ship of Northampton, while James, in Crest — Six arrows interlaced saltier-wise or, 1725, signed for the erection of the town flighted headed, tied together by a belt gules., ship of Plumstead. John Shaw and his buckle and pendant, gold. wife, Susanna, were members of the Mid- Motto — Vincit qui patitur. dletown Monthly Meeting of the Society The record of the family of Shaw in of Friends. They were the parents of: America dates far back into Colonial days, 1. James, of whom further. 2. Eliza, born beginning in Pennsylvania with John Shaw, July 2, 1697. 3. Susanna, born February of English descent. Early in its Ameri 2, 1699. 4. John, born October 29, 1700. can history alliance was formed with the 5. Joseph, born December 9, 1702, married family of Brown, founded in this country Mary Clough. 6. George, born Septem by Thomas Brown, of Barking, Essex ber 17, 1704. 7. Sarah, born April 4, county, England, who came to Pennsyl 1706, married George Brown, brother of vania in 1682 with William Penn. Thom the wife of her brother, James. as Brown was a noted preacher of that (II) James, Shaw, son of John and Sus time. Through a later marriage the line anna Shaw, was born January 9, 1694, of Shaw became identified with that of died December 3, 1761. He married, Sep Michelet, a family of proud record, dat tember 24, 1718, at Abington Meeting ing to the reign of the Frankish King House, Montgomery county, Pennsyl Cholwidg, A. D. 536, when a Michelet vania, Mary, who died June 9, 1764, was custodian of the funds of that mon daughter of Thomas and Mary Brown. arch. A Michelet, who was majordomo Thomas Brown, the preacher, was born to Charles the Bold, was a descendant of in 1666, coming to America from Barking, the royal treasurer, and married Beatrice Essex county, England, and after living de Anjou, princess of the royal blood and for some time in Philadelphia and Abing sister of the King of France. Later de ton, located near Dyerstown, Bucks scendants of distinction have been Carl county, Pennsylvania. This was prob Ludwig Michelet, professor of philosophy ably as early as 171 2. Thomas Brown con in the University of Berlin, and Jules veyed by deed dated June 18, 1724, to de Michelet, well known as a French his James Shaw, two hundred acres of land torian. An American member of the fam in Plumstead. Children of James and ily was John Jacob Michelet (Mickley), to Mary (Brown) Shaw: Elizabeth, born whom is given credit for saving the Lib October 6, 1719. 2. Joseph, born October erty Bell from the British. 29, 1 721, died March 2, 1799. 3. James, of (I) John Shaw is the member of the whom further. 4. John, born March 6, family with whom this chronicle begins. 1728, died November 11, 1748. 5. Jona By deed dated July 7, 1697, ne acquired than, born June 15, 1730, died May 24, from William Buckman, of Newtown, 1790, married Sarah Good. 6. Alexander, Pennsylvania, title to three hundred acres born November 24, 1734, died January 11, of land in what is now the lower part of 1790, married Sarah Brown. Northampton, then in Southampton, (III) James Shaw, son of James and Bucks county, Pennsylvania. In 1709 he Mary (Brown) Shaw, married (first) is of record among the residents of South Rachel Bancroft, (second) Elizabeth

220

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Smith. Children of his first marriage: higher mathematics in his own way. So John, Eleazor and Jonathan. well did his mother appreciate the manly (IV) Jonathan Shaw, son of James and qualities of her son and the complete ab Rachel (Bancroft) Shaw, married (first) sence of vicious or irresponsible tenden Elizabeth Tyson, (second) Elizabeth cies, that she was his earnest sympathizer Woolman, (third) Catherine Hagerman. and gave him the guidance and assistance Children of his first marriage : I. Charlotte, that was needed for such a wonderful in married Stephen Shaw. 2. James, of tellect properly to mature. Later years whom further. 3. John, married Mary proved the success of the scheme, and it Hallowell. Children of his second mar was because of his personal experience riage : 4. Hannah. 5. Rachel, mar that Mr. Shaw was ever afterward op ried Jacob Danenhower, 6. Mary, mar posed to the public school system that ried John Danenhower. Children of his treated children in the mass rather than third marriage: 7. Woolman, died young. individually. Undirected play, simply to 8. Elizabeth, married Nathan Thomas. fill time, played no part in his daily pro (V) James Shaw, son of Jonathan and gram as a boy. Playthings did not appeal Elizabeth (Tyson) Shaw, married Cath to him, and his greatest pleasure was in erine Snyder. She was a woman of strong creating something with tools that men mental qualities, possessed of considera used. When only eight years of age he ble inventive genius, which doubtless had constructed several models, complete in a strong influence upon the career of her design and executed with the skill of a son, Thomas, the record of whose life fol craftsman. At the age of ten, aided by lows. his mother, he built a retort in the cellar (VI) Thomas Shaw, son of James and of their home for melting old glass bot Catherine (Snyder) Shaw, was born in tles, using the molten glass to manufac Philadelphia, May 5, 1838, died January ture many useful and ornamental articles. 19, 1901. There was much in his early He found the task of holding hanks of life that gave promise of his later achieve yarn, whil|e his mother rolled the yarn into ments, but his start was made under cir a ball, particularly irksome, and at the age cumstances decidedly adverse. His fath of twelve he completed his first invention, er had invested heavily in coal lands, a machine operated by a treadle to hold which proved unproductive, and from and unwind hanks of wool, so constructed boyhood he felt the responsibility of help that it measured off each yard as it was ing his mother. Nor did he lay aside this used. Mr. Shaw said that the supreme duty in the years of his manhood, but moment of his life was when he peeped in realized the keenest pleasure in tenderly the window and saw his mother content providing for her until her death in 1876. edly seated before the machine which Thomas Shaw's school record was not was reeling off the yarn with perfect reg a brilliant one. Frequently he was pun ularity. A mechanical paper of that pe ished for staying away from classes, his riod published an article on bridge con reason being that he found it impossi struction that he wrote when he was fif ble to study and in the manner his teacher teen years old. In after life he made the wished, but it was no uncommon thing statement that he knew no way of im to find him poring at midnight over books proving upon that plan of building that he had refused to use during the day bridges. Because of his mental capacity and attempting to reason out problems in it was natural that he should prefer the

321 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY society of older persons to that of chil its scope, for there is not a shop, steam dren, and his company was always wel ship, or railroad in the world today that come among those of more advanced does not in some way use one of his in years, first because he was often their ventions or improvements, a most re superior in wit and agility of thought, and markable statement to be able to make. secondly, because he was always willing His daughter, whose privilege it was to to assist in repairing machinery that had relieve him of much of the detail work become disordered. He completed his first in the completion of his inventions and invention when a youth of seventeen the preparation of specifications for the years, but it was not until two years later Patent Office and who thus greatly in that he obtained his patent, owing to his creased his working capacity, is authority inexperience and his lack of funds. This for the statement that when he had an patent was on a gas meter. Early in life idea to work out he would lock himself Mr. Shaw suffered from the false friend in his laboratory at his home, there to sit ship of a neighbor, who discouraged him motionless for perhaps hours at a time. from securing a patent on rotary shears Then, as if inspired by a vision of his com and then stole the idea and realized a sub pleted work, he would rapidly sketch out stantial profit thereon. After several sim his plan. So clear were his mental pro ilar attempts had been made to profit from cesses, so certain his knowledge, that his ingenuity, Mr. Shaw refused to have there were very few instances where he any of the work in connection with his found it necessary to make any mechan inventions done by anyone outside of his ical changes after the first draught. Were own family, his wife first working with he to be interrupted while thus concen him and then his daughter, Cora S., wife trated upon his work he would leave it of Joseph Robert Wilson. in great anger. Petitions for assistance Mr. Shaw became superintendent of the from inventors, who had an idea almost Butcher Steel Works when this plant was brought down to practicality, came to him founded in 1867, and continued in this ca in great number, and during the period of pacity, associated with J. Howard Mitch his greatest work he found it necessary to ell and Philip S. Justice, when reorganiza make a professional charge of five hun tion was effected as the Midvale Steel dred dollars an hour to anyone who came Works. Since i860 he had been engaged to him upon business. Even then he kept in business on his own behalf, manufac his office door locked and admission was turing his own inventions, including tools, exceedingly difficult to gain. But when machinery, engineers' special appliances, he came into touch with a man of merit steam and hydraulic machinery, United and ability, his assistance to better things States standard mercury pressure gauges, was always ready, and men trained by noise quieting nozzles, steam mufflers for him were always able to find responsible locomotives, etc., hydraulic and friction places open to them. buffers, and governors for pumping ma Mr. Shaw's inventions cannot of course chines. He is on record as having been be described here or even named, but granted one hundred and eighty-six pat mention of several of them will be found ents by the United States government, interesting for they cover almost every and death came upon him when he was phase of applied mechanics and include about to complete work on several other labor and life-saving devices that have inventions. His work was wonderful in come into general use. One of the sim an ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY plest of these, yet one of the most useful, awarded the Scott Legacy Medal for this was the Verona lock nut washer, known invention, and at the International Cen ordinarily as the spring pawl washer, in tennial Exposition of 1876, a medal was use on railroads, which goes between the also awarded. The Shaw Compound Pro nut and the fish plate for holding the rails peller Pump, pumping twelve thousand in place. "Safety first" in railroad trav gallons per minute, was a most valuable el has no single appliance which contrib addition to pumping machinery which up utes more than this simple invention. He to that time had been of low order, and was the inventor of gunpowder test was pressed into service in St. Louis dur gauges that tested up to fifty thousand ing a heavy flood, gaining high reputation pounds pressure to the square inch, used by the rapid manner in which it pumped widely at this time by gun and powder out shafts, etc. The committee on Sci manufacturing concerns. Another inven ence and Arts of the Franklin Institute tion that went far from the beaten path made a report on February 21, 1877, on was the gunpowder pile driver, the first "Shaw's Spiral Exhaust Nozzle," stating device for harnessing gunpowder to do in part "in our opinion Mr. Shaw has peaceful and constructive work for man. done a great service to the country, and This invention aroused great interest particularly to the transportation inter among engineers and met with instant ests, in overcoming the obnoxious and and pronounced success, working with dangerous feature in the use of steam," great economy and high efficiency. By and they recommended the award to Mr. the aid of this pile driver a pile forty Shaw of the Scott Legacy Premium and feet in length and fourteen inches in di Medal for his "Spiral Exhaust Nozzle." ameter was forced its entire length into This nozzle was endorsed and its use rec the firm ground in one minute, without ommended by the Board of Supervising any injury to the timber and without Inspectors of Steam Vessels, by owners banding the head of the pile before driv and captains of boats, engineers in the ing. Crowds of engineers and men inter navy and the boats of the American Line ested in public work came to see this mar of Steamships. velous invention, with which 'Mr. Shaw Mr. Shaw regarded his method of low did most of the government pile driving ering boats at sea and releasing them as work at the United States naval station among the most valuable of his life-sav at League Island. A committee of em ing devices, of which he marketed several. inent engineers, duly appointed for the Another remarkable invention of Mr. purpose of making a report on the Shaw Shaw was his device for detecting the gunpowder pile driver, pronounced this presence of noxious gases in mines. In novel application of gunpowder to be an 1890 the Ohio Institute of Mining Engi unequalled success for its purpose. This neers invited Mr. Shaw to present to report was signed by W. W. Woods, them this system of detecting, measuring Chief Engineer of the United States na and removing dangerous and poisonous vy. The pile driver was exhibited at the gases in mines, for examination, as it was fair of the American Institute in New the first of its kind in the history of min York in November, 1870, and as an inven ing engineering to subject gases to in tion new to science and mechanics was strumental control. A delegation of the awarded a medal of honor. The Franklin United Mine Workers of America, who Institute of the City of Philadelphia were present and heard Mr. Shaw's lec 223 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ture on his wholly new and practical ance that it was kept as far as possible method of preventing explosions in mines, a secret. This he perfected while su assembled the following day in conven perintendent of the Butcher Steel Works. tion and passed resolutions endorsing the His cast chain of 1867 was the first of this appliance and recommended its introduc class of inventions. tion and use in all mines. Mr. Shaw was Mr. Shaw was a member of the United the first man in the world to conceive and States Congress of Inventors and Manu construct a machine that reveals the line facturers, and was a recognized authority of demarkation between the ignitable line on patent law. He held strong convic and the non-ignitable line of gases, and tions on the injustice of the patent regu he determined this to within the one- lations of the United States Government, thousandth part of one per cent. A new and worked diligently for a law to length difficulty arose here in the construction of en the life of a patent. His statements the gas guns, for the bore had to be ac were that the least cost at which an in curately constructed, and, no machine for vention of any magnitude can be brought that purpose being in existence, it became out and introduced was ten thousand dol necessary for Mr. Shaw to construct these lars, and he frequently spent in experi gas-testing devices, so that every machine ments and the development of an inve- would measure as exactly as another. The tion from one hundred thousand to one scales of the percentage of gases were hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and marked upon a graduated scale beam or in point of time he stated that ten years bar, and Mr. Shaw was the first man to at least is required to bring an invention create such a graduated scale for ex before the public to a point where it be plosive gases. The device was adopted comes remunerative and thereafter re as the official standard of the states of mains only seven years to regain what Pennsylvania and Ohio, and Mr. Shaw has been spent in developments and to was awarded the two highest medals enjoy a profit. The writer of a novel granted by the Franklin Institute of Phil is protected by the government for forty adelphia, one an Elliott Crescent Gold years, but the inventor of a life-saving Medal and two Scott Legacy Medals. It device or a machine of inestimable com was this invention of Mr. Shaw's that was mercial value to the world-at-large is al the prime cause of his nervous break lowed only seventeen years in which to down, for the lay mind cannot compre reimburse himself for moneys expended hend its enormous expense and complex and to reap a profit from hard labor. ity. Mr. Shaw's Hydraulic Pipe Machine The one invention, his spiral exhaust noz with a capacity of sixty tons in twenty- zle, should have been worth vast sums four hours, was said to be the largest clay to Mr. Shaw, but at his death, after spend pipe-making machinery in the world. In ing the greater portion of his life in giv 1865 he invented a machine for grinding ing to the world devices that immeasur faucets, the first of its kind, and he was ably added to the safety and comfort of the first man to do away with the slotting the public, he was a poor man, having in semi-elliptic car springs, which are in spent fortunes on his work. His ill health universal use today. His mode of shot of his later days was largely contributed ting metals, applicable to molten ore for to by the keen disappointment he felt in the purpose of subdivision to enable prop the failure of his efforts to lighten the er mixtures of steel, was of such import load that inventors who should follow

224

: sF; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY him would have to bear, and his shame POPE, William Henry, that the very source of the nation's com Han of Great Enterprise. mercial supremacy, its inventors, should Arms — Argent two chevrons gules on a chief oí receive so little consideration. the second an escallop or. Some of the honors that Mr. Shaw re ceived during his lifetime have been men The name Pope is an early English sur tioned in the preceding paragraphs. Phil name of the class whose origin is found in adelphia honored him by naming one of nicknames. It signifies literally "the pope," its suburbs Shawmont, as well as one and was applied at the beginning of the of its avenues, while appreciations of his surname era to one of austere, ascetic or genius from abroad were many. In 1870 ecclesiastical bearing. Pope is derived from Napoleon III., of France, offered him high the post classical Latin, papa, meaning office in connection with government father. The name in its present form first engineering work. Later in life, through appears in English registers in the year Captain Schymetzkin, of the Russian Na 1273. vy, he was offered the position of Minis One of the foremost figures on the busi ter of Railways to the Russian Govern ness horizon of New England during the ment if he would become a citizen of Rus past half century, an eminently successful sia. Similar offers were tendered him by business man and manufacturer, was the Japan and England, while through a rep late William Henry Pope, who was for sev resentative of the King of Sweden an of eral decades identified with a number of ficial effort was made to secure his ser the largest milling enterprises in Rhode Is vices. A duly appointed committee of land. fered him a handsome fee if he would To him belongs the distinction and honor solve the problem of the black fogs of of having developed and practically estab London and abate the nuisance. But des lished the town of Esmond, Rhode Island. pite his conviction that the United States That he was the prime factor in its existence Government was most delinquent in its is evident from the fact that upon his retire duty toward its inventors, and despite ment from business the enterprise and in the fact that the profits of one invention dustry which had been its most prominent were nearly always consumed by the costs feature fell off to a marked degree. Mr. of another, his high order of patriotism Pope was one of the foremost business men held him to his native land and he never of his day, directing enormous banking and could bring himself to renounce his cit railroad interests. izenship for material gain. William Henry Pope was born in Enfield, Thomas Shaw married Matilda Miller Hampshire county, Massachusetts, July 18, Garber, a descendant of Benedict Gar- 1840, son of Ichabod and Serena (Woods) ber, one of the earliest settlers of Pope. Ichabod Pope was a prominent man Collegeville, Pennsylvania. His three ufacturer of England, and was for several children were girls, one of them, Cora S. years justice of peace in the town. His (Mrs. Joseph R. Wilson) now living. It wife, Serena (Woods) Pope, was a sister was Mrs. Wilson who took her mother's of Josiah Woods, founder and donor of place as Mr. Shaw's assistant, and for Woods Library, Amherst College; she died years she shared with him secrets con in the year 1846. Their son received the cerning his work that no one else could be advantages of an excellent education, and entrusted with. until he reached the age of fifteen years at 225 А. В 15 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY tended a private school at Enfield. He then the most prosperous and thriving towns of went to Pawtucket, Rhode Island, where its kind in Rhode Island, a prosperity and he resided for a short time with his aunt, thrift which was due entirely to the pres Mrs. Frank Pratt. Later, while residing in ence in it of the mills which Mr. Pope own Providence with an uncle, he attended pri ed and directed. The village was his pride, vate schools in that city, and on completing and was a monument to the ability and his preliminary studies entered the A. G. constructive industry of its founder. His Scholfield Business College. Following his management of the mills was as nearly ideal graduation from this institution he was em as is possible, and the operatives of the ployed by various firms in the city. In 1863 mills at Enfield were never known to strike. he became connected with Albert Gallup, By the application of judicious policies he then head of Gallup Brothers, cotton manu was able to keep his mills running constant facturers, in the office of the firm, and con ly, the period of idleness which was com tinued in this capacity until the removal of mon to mills of New England being un Mr. Gallup to New York City. During the known in his plants. His purchase of the period spent with this firm, Mr. Pope fa property was against the advice of his miliarized himself thoroughly with the de friends and associates who knew manufac tails of cotton manufacturing, and the prac turing conditions in New England, but the tical side of business management, serving, venture proved to be a stroke of far sighted as it were, an apprenticeship to the cotton and excellent business policy. Mr. Pope manufacturing trade. He possessed con was extremely successful, and brought the siderable genius in this line, and in his con mill from an old and comparatively useless nection with Gallup Brothers amassed a establishment to one of the most modernly wealth of information and experience which equipped and best managed cotton mills of later stood him in good stead in his own the State of Rhode Island. ventures. After the removal of Mr. Gallup Cotton manufacturing formed only a to New York, Mr. Pope entered into the in small part of Mr. Pope's large interests. He dependent manufacturing of cotton, after was active in several of the largest financial a short period spent in the cotton brokerage and commercial organizations of Rhode Is business. About 1871 he entered this field, land, holding executive positions in many and accepted the agency for the Robert of them. He was treasurer of the Paw- Watson Mills at Willimantic. In 1878 his tuxet Valley Railroad for over forty years; success in the brokerage business made it treasurer-secretary of the Providence & possible for him to engage in cotton manu Springfield Railroad Company from 1892 facturing, and he purchased the mill and until its absorption by consolidation ; direc mill village owned by the Smithfield Manu tor of the National Exchange Bank for over facturing Company at Allenville, in the town twenty years; at one time the largest in of Smithfield, Rhode Island. dividual stockholder of the Union Railroad Allenville had taken its name from the Company ; director of the Providence Tele first mill erected there in 181 3, by Governor phone Company from the time of its forma Philip Allen. Mr. Pope renamed the village tion; director of the Providence Dry Dock Enfield, and forthwith inaugurated a plan Marine Railway Company; of the Wind for its development and the establishment ham Manufacturing Company of Williman of a standard of civic efficiency. Enfield, tic for several years ; secretary of the Provi named after the birthplace of Mr. Pope in dence Press Company for a time after its Massachusetts, subsequently became one of reorganization in 1880. The value of Mr.

226 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Pope's executive ability and constructive At a meeting of the directors of the Prov policies in these organizations cannot be idence Dry Dock & Marine Railway Com overestimated. The demands of these vari pany, held on April 10, 1907, it was voted ous interests upon his time made any con that the following minute be entered upon nection with public life, otherwise than as the records of the Company : a business leader, impossible and he never The directors desire to express their deep became identified with politics or public sense of loss in the removal by death of their affairs. esteemed associate, William H. Pope, which oc He was, however, active and prominent in curred on the 16th of February last Mr. Pope the club and fraternal life of the city, and had served as a director of the Providence Dry Dock & Marine Railway Company since its was a charter member of the Narragansett organization, and was very deeply interested in Boat Club. He was a true sportsman, keen its success. Always prompt and regular in his ly interested in yachting. He was also one attendance at our meetings his good judgment of the first members of the Squantum As and business ability were of much value in con sociation, a member of the Commercial ducting the affairs of the company. His genial Club, the Home Market Club of Boston, and kindly face will be sadly missed at our gath erings. — John H. Cady, Secretary. the Hope Club of Providence, of which lat ter he was treasurer for four years, and a member of the board of governors from BUGBEE FAMILY, 1885 to 1891. His religious affiliation was Ancestral and Personal History. with the Congregational church. He was a man of magnetic personality, cultured and While the surname Bugbee thrives in of refined tastes. Justice and the strictest America, it is almost extinct in its English code of ethics characterized his transac home. The name is of very ancient Eng tions in the business world, and by friends lish origin, and is found in records of as and competitors alike he was considered the early date as the Hundred Rolls of 1273. soul of honor. It is of local derivation, and signifies "of William Henry Pope married, September Buckby," a parish in County Northampton, 27, 1888, Catherine Elizabeth Robertson, where it is certain all the first bearers of the daughter of Andrew and Maria (Halcro) name resided. In "Old and New London" Robertson, of Montreal, Canada. Mrs. is a map showing Bugby marshes, not far Pope survives her husband and resides at from the town. No. 1 1 Young Orchard avenue, Providence. The Bugbee family in America dates from Mr. Pope died at his home in Providence, the third decade of the seventeenth century, February 16, 1907. Tributes to his memory and ranks among the foremost New Eng came from all sources. A friend said: land Colonial families. It has attained dis tinction and prominence in Connecticut and Who of all that went to him for advice was Rhode Island, where for many generations ever disappointed in the final outcome? Under an impatient manner and an air of desire of being it has wielded large power in industrial, rid of the whole subject, were hidden a careful business and financial life, and has partici listening and interest and in a few days or so pated notably in public affairs. The late there came from him an opinion vested in cau Edwin H. Bugbee, of the Connecticut fam tious language. If it was a recommendation 'twas ily, for many years occupied a position of well to follow it; if a warning 'twas equally well prominence in the life of Danielson, Con to heed it Of his boyish generous nature how many of us remember his open hand and his necticut, and was the donor of the handsome heartfelt sympathy? library building known as the Bugbee Me 227 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY morial. Associated closely with the busi stock, Windham county, Connecticut, where ness world of Providence, Rhode Island, he resided during the latter part of his life. are the names of the late James Henry Bug- He married Dorothy Carpenter, daughter bee, head of the firm of Bugbee & Brownell, of John Carpenter, of Rehoboth, Massa wholesale grocers and dealers in spices, and chusetts. the late John Edwin Bugbee, head of the (IV) James Bugbee, son of Samuel and firm of Bugbee & Thompson, stationers and Dorothy (Carpenter) Bugbee, was born in blank book manufacturers, well known and Woodstock, Connecticut, July 11, 1715. He prominent figures in business circles. resided there all his life, and was a prosper (I) Edward Bugby, immigrant ancestor ous farmer and highly respected member of and progenitor of the family in America, the community. He married (first) Han was a native of England, where he was born nah Gary, and (second) Mary May, March in 1594. He was preceded to America by 16, 1745. She was a descendant of Samuel his brother, Richard Bugby, who came with May, one of the pioneer settlers of Wood John Winthrop, and was the first of the stock. family in the New World. Edward Bugby, (V) Hezekiah Bugbee, son of James and prior to his emigration from England, re Mary (May) Bugbee, was born in Wood sided at Stratford-le-Bow, on the river Lee, stock, Connecticut, February 19, 1746, and near its junction with the Thames. Strat died there. He married, January 21, 1773, ford-le-Bow, which now forms a part of the Bathsheba Holmes, who was born May 6, city of London, may or may not have been 1753, and died in 1833, daughter of Dr. his birthplace. He brought with him to David Holmes, and aunt of the late Dr. New England his wife, Rebecca, and his Oliver Wendell Holmes. Dr. David Holmes daughter, Sarah, sailing from Ipswich, on served as a captain in the Colonial wars and the ship "Francis." He settled in Roxbury, later as a surgeon in the American Revolu Massachusetts, where he acquired a large tion. He was a descendant of John Holmes, property which descended to his son, Ed one of the original settlers of Woodstock, ward (2) Bugby, who remained at Rox Connecticut. bury. He died there, January 26, 1669. (VI) James (2) Bugbee, son of Heze (II) Joseph Bugbee, son of Edward and kiah and Bathsheba (Holmes) Bugbee, was Rebecca Bugby, was born at Roxbury, Mas born in Woodstock, Connecticut, April II, sachusetts. He and his brothers were the 1788. Early in life he removed to Warren, first to assume the present form of the Rhode Island, where he was employed as surname. They were among the fifty pro an accountant. He subsequently returned prietors of what is now Woodstock, Con to Woodstock, and established a mercantile necticut, which was settled by men from business there with a branch in Thompson, Roxbury, Massachusetts, and originally call Connecticut, which he conducted for sev ed New Roxbury. Joseph Bugbee married eral years. Retiring a number of years Experience Pitcher, daughter of Andrew prior to his death, he removed to Killingly, Pitcher, of Dorchester, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, where he died July 17, 1866. among their children was Samuel, mention James (2) Bugbee married, December 26, ed below. 181 1, in Warren, Rhode Island, Elizabeth (III) Samuel Bugbee, son of Joseph and Dorrance, a native of Scituate, Massachu Experience (Pitcher) Bugbee, was born in setts, daughter of Samuel Dorrance (see the town of Roxbury, Massachusetts, in Dorrance II). Mrs. Bugbee died at War 1673. He accompanied his parents to Wood ren, Rhode Island, at the home of her 228 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

daughter, Mrs. Charles J. Harris, on her he went to Lymansville, Rhode Island, eighty-ninth birthday. The children of where he secured employment in a factory James (2) and Elizabeth (Dorrance) Bug- in the capacity of clerk and bookkeeper. bee were: 1. James Henry, mentioned be Later, in association with Henry Weaver, low. 2. Mary A., married Charles J. Har he established a mill, which he conducted ris, cotton manufacturer, and an expert in for several years with success, and finally mill machinery ; she was a resident of War disposed of in 1849. Ln tne latter year he ren, Rhode Island, where she died. 3. Ed became connected with the Williamsville win H., mentioned below. 4. Sarah Tully, Manufacturing Company of Killingly, Con married William Torrey Harris, LL. D., necticut, S. & W. Foster were the Provi well known author and educator, who was dence agents, and he remained identified for many years United States commissioner with this concern until the time of his re of education ; resided at Washington, D. C. tirement from active business life, in 1879. (VII) James Henry Bugbee, son of For several years he had occupied a posi James (2) and Elizabeth (Dorrance) Bug- tion of prominence in the manufacturing bee, was born in Warren, Rhode Island, De world of Eastern Connecticut, and had been cember 5, 1812. He entered the employ of repeatedly urged to enter public affairs, and James Rhodes & Son, manufacturers at to become a candidate for the governorship Pawtuxet, Rhode Island, but left their em of the State and congressman from his dis ploy to follow the sea. He later became trict. He declined to enter public life, how master of a vessel plying between Provi ever, but worked constantly and earnestly dence and European ports, and was lost at in behalf of the welfare of the people. He sea, March 4, 1846. James Henry Bugbee was one of the foremost figures in life married, June 18, 1834, in Warwick, Rhode and affairs of Eastern Connecticut, in his Island, Maria Smith Potter, who was born time. In 1857-59-61-63-69-71-73, he repre in 1 810, and died in Providence, Rhode Is sented the town of Killingly in the Connec land, August 27, 1874, aged sixty- four ticut State Legislature. From 1865 to 1868 years. She was a daughter of William An he was a member of the State Senate from son and Sally (Smith) Potter, granddaugh the Fourteenth Connecticut District. Mr. ter of Mesheck Potter, a woolen manufac Bugbee filled the office of president pro tem turer of Plainfield, Connecticut, where he of the Senate in 1868, and in 1871 was died, a lineal descendant of Roger Wil speaker of the House. Prior to his death liams, and of many of the oldest families he was a resident of the town of Putnam, of Rhode Island, among which were the and was a director of one of its banks. He Smiths, Potters, Williamses, Harrises, Ol- was universally recognized as a man of fine neys, Arnolds and Carpenters. Children, ability and unimpeachable integrity, and in born at Pawtuxet: 1. Elizabeth Dorrance, many elections received the support of both born in 1835, who resides at No. 179 Hope the Democrats and Republicans. Justice street, Providence ; Miss Bugbee is an active and absolute fairness marked all his deal member of the Rhode Island Historical So ings of a business nature, and was notable ciety. 2. James Henry, mentioned below. in his long career as a public servant. Mr. 3. John Edwin, mentioned below. Bugbee was a member of the New England (VII) Edwin H. Bugbee, son of James Historic-Genealogical Society, and held the (2) and Elizabeth (Dorrance) Bugbee, was office of vice-president for Connecticut. born in Thompson, Connecticut, April 26, He was deeply interested in historic and 1820. In 1839, at tne aSe OI nineteen years, genealogical research, and devoted much 229 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

time to the subject, amassing a large fund who was born in 18 ". and died April 16, of valuable information and collecting a 1873. They were ' parents of a daugh large library on it. At the time of his death ter, Alice Stewart, born June 8, 1870, died he willed the sum of $15,000 to erect the February 26, 1881. He died in Providence, Bugbee Memorial Library at Danielson, Rhode Island, March 5, 1900. Connecticut, which contains his extensive (VIII) John Edwin Bugbee, son of private library. Edwin H. Bugbee married, James Henry (1) and Maria Smith (Pot in 1865, Selenda Howard Gris wold, who ter) Bugbee, was born in Warwick, Rhode died a few months after their marriage. He Island, November 14, 1843. He attended died on January 26, 1900. the public schools of Pawtuxet, but did not (VIII) James Henry (2) Bugbee, son continue beyond the grammar school. He of James Henry ( 1 ) and Maria Smith ( Pot entered business life at an early age, secur ter) Bugbee, was born in Warwick, Rhode ing his first emnlovment as clerk in the book Island, February 14, 1837. He was edu store of G 'hitney, of Providence, cated in the public schools of Warwick, with whor »d for a number of Rhode Island, and in 1854 went to Provi years. He 'ormed a partner dence, Rhode Island, where he entered the ship with n юг the manufac employ of Fosters & Fisher, wholesale gro ture of sta. Toks, fancy goods, cers. Within a few years he purchased an etc., under _ ш .,е of Bugbee & interest in the business, and became a mem Thompson. The enterprise proved highly ber of the firm, the firm name being changed successful, and Mr. Bugbee remained ac to Fosters, Fisher & Company. On the tively engaged in it until the time of his withdrawal of Messrs. Fosters and Fisher death. Beyond discharging his duties as a from the firm, Mr. Bugbee formed a part citizen to the fullest degree, Mr. Bugbee re nership with Henry Parsons under the firm mained outside public life. He was un name of Parsons, Bugbee & Company. At married. John Edwin Bugbee died at his a still later date he became associated with home in Providence, Rhode Island, De Seth H. Brownell in the wholesale grocery cember 20, 1890. and spice business, under the firm name of Bugbee & Brownell. This venture proved (The Holmes Line). highly successful, and Mr. Bugbee continu The surname Holm or Holmes is obvious ed at the head of it until 1888, when he ly of that class which was derived from uV retired from active business life. He was nature of the physical environment of th prominent and highly respected in business individual or family who first assumed it. circles in Providence, and was for many A flat ground in or near water was called years a member of the Providence Board of a "holm." The present form, no doubt, is Trade, serving at one time on its executive a possessive form that in the course of time council. He was deeply interested in his became established. More than twenty-five torical research, and was an active member spellings of this name are to be found in the of the Rhode Island Historical Society. For records during the Colonial period. many years he was a well known figure in (I) John Holmes was one of the original club and social life in. Providence, and proprietors of the town of Woodstock, Con was president of the Squantum Association necticut. As all but three of these proprie at the time of his death. He was also a tors are known to have removed from Rox- member of the old Union Club. Mr. Bug bury, Massachusetts, it has been assumed bee married, June 17, 1868, Emma Tingley, by Mr. E. Holmes Bugbee, who made dili-

230

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY gent search, that John Holmes was a native March 19, 1779. His son, Abiel Holmes, of Roxbury, and a son of David Holmes, was the father of Dr. Oliver Wendell who died in Dorchester, in 1666. John Holmes. Holmes was born about 1644, and on April (IV) Bathsheba Holmes, youngest child 9, 1690, married Hannah, daughter of Isaac of Dr. David (2) and Mehitable (Mayhew) Newell, of Roxbury, and granddaughter of Holmes, was born May 6, 1753 ; she married Abraham Newell, who came over in the Hezekiah Bugbee, January 21, 1773, and ship "Francis" from Ipswich, in 1634. She died April 25, 1833 (see Bugbee V). was baptized February 19, 1671, and died May 9, 1743. John Holmes was a promin (The Dorrance Line). ent man in the Woodstock settlement, and The family is undoubtedly of French held many important positions there, for origin. The name D'Orrance is still to be which services he was compensated by found in Normandy. It is probable that grants of land. He died June 20, 1713. the Torrance families of England and Scot (II) Deacon David Holmes, son of John land came from the D'Orrance family of and Hannah (Newell) Holmes, was born France. The apostrophe was dropped from in Woodstock, Connectciut, in 1692. He the name in Scotland, whence the family married Bathsheba Sandford. He was a had fled about 1598 to escape the persecu prominent member of the first church of tions to which the French Huguenots were Woodstock. He died May 22, 1745. His subjected. The motto of the Torrance fam widow married Joseph Edmunds and lived ily is "I saved the King," and was con to an advanced age. She was a woman of ferred on the founder of the Turnbull fam great energy and activity, both mentally ily, a peasant named Torrance, for having and physically. She had a wide reputation saved the King from an attack by a furious as a doctor and midwife, and hesitated at no bull, when he was hunting. The name of personal inconvenience or physical hardship Turnbull, and the crest, a bull's head, were when she could be of help in time of sick also conferred with a pension at the same ness. time. The Dorrance family in America (III) Dr. David (2) Holmes, the eldest dates from the year 1720. It has been par child of Deacon David (1) and Bathsheba ticularly prominent in Rhode Island, in (Sandford) Holmes, was born in Wood Providence and the surrounding territory. stock, Connecticut. He married for his (I) Rev. Samuel Dorrance, the ancestor first wife, Mehitable, daughter of Ephraim of this branch of the family in America, and Elizabeth Mayhew. David Holmes was born in Scotland in 1685. In 1709 he served during the three campaigns of the received the honors of the University of French and Indian War, the last terminat Glasgow, and was licensed to preach by the ing with the conquest of Canada, September Presbytery of Dumbarton in 171 1. About 4, 1760. He joined Colonel Fitch's regi 1720 he came to the New England colonies ment in Hartford, June 5, 1758, and was with his three brothers, James, George and captain of his company. He joined the John, from Ulster county in the North of army in his professional character of sur Ireland, and settled in Connecticut. Rev. geon upon the Lexington Alarm, and served Dorrance settled in what is now Sterling, until the fourth year of the war, when he Windham county, Connecticut, where he was so worn from his labors and from the was pastor of the church for nearly fifty rigors of camp life that he was compelled to years. It was said of him: "His manage return home, where he died soon after, ment of church affairs gave good satisfac

231 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY tion and he was much respected by his November 15, 1773, Samuel Dorrance mar brethren in the ministry." He occupied the ried Ann Tully. Their daughter, Elizabeth pulpit from 1723 to 1 77 1, inclusive, and re or Eliza, was one of the twins born August tired with a pension of £25 per year for 15, 1790. She married, December 26, 1811, life. He died November 12, 1775. On James (2) Bugbee, and died August 15, August 1, 1726, he married Elizabeth Smith, 1879 (see Bugbee VI). who died September 10, 1750. (The Harris Line). (II) Samuel (2) Dorrance, son of Rev. Samuel (1) and Elizabeth (Smith) Dor The derivation of the surname Harris is rance, was born October 10, 1740. At the of large interest, since it came from a per outbreak of the American Revolution he sonal name which has been one of the most was a resident at Scituate, Rhode Island, popular in England from a time greatly where he held the office of justice of the antedating the reign of King Henry VIII., peace. From a letter written to his wife, who in some of his lighter moods preferred dated Warwick, March 14, 1777, it is evi to be called "The Bluff King Hal," and dent that he was clerk of Captain John to be popularly known as "King Harry." Edwards' Alarm Company, stationed at W. Harry is not, as has been widely stated, a D. Warner's. After the war he was one nickname, but is the English attempt to of a company of pioneers that went to the render the French name Henri, and is to frontier settlement at Marietta, Ohio, un be regarded as the representative English der General Putnam, was assigned land form. The name enjoyed a very great pop there, and returned to the East for his fam ularity, and many English kings were ily, where he died. A letter to his wife, known in their own times as Harry, the Ann (Tully) Dorrance, of Saybrook, Con custom of calling them Henry being of necticut, from there under date of August quite recent date. Hence our endless Har 17, 1788, has been preserved. In it he re risons, not Henrysons. Six or seven cen counts the varied experience of the journey turies the surname was a common entry in and writes a most alluring description of the English registers, and it is found in Ameri attractions and advantages offered by the can Colonial records from the earliest de new country. He says: "I shall be in a cades of the emigration period. The family hurry to get home and settle my affairs, in in America has attained a large degree of order to move in the spring, for I think we prominence in many walks, and its branches may live here in safety in the pleasantest in New England are many of them notable. place in the world." The Rhode Island branch of the family was He returned to Saybrook, Connecticut, very prominent in the (founding of the within a year, leaving his son William in colony. charge of his property in Ohio. The son (I) William Harris, immigrant ancestor lost his life mysteriously, and the father and founder of this branch of the family, never returned to the West. Samuel Dor was a native of England, where he was rance died August 2, 1812, aged seventy- born about 1609, and sailed from Bristol in two years, according to the inscription on the ship "Lyon" with his brother, Thomas his tombstone in the family burying ground Harris, and Rev. Roger Williams. When at Coventry. His widow paid taxes on Roger Williams was banished from the 11 73 I_3 acres of land in Washington, Massachusetts Bay Colony, William Harris Hocking and Gallis counties, Ohio, until and four others joined him at Morton's her death, which occurred July 1, 1832. On Neck in Seekonk, in the spring of 1636,

232 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY where they began to plant. Upon the gentle cember 17, 1 67 1. 2. Anne, born November remonstrance of Governor Winthrop that 22, 1673. 3. Andrew, born February 4, they were still within the jurisdiction of 1677, died unmarried. 4. Hope, born De Plymouth Colony, they crossed the river cember 14, 1679. 5. Patience, born June and received from the Indians the famous 21, 1682. 6. Toleration, mentioned below. greeting "What Cheer Netop." The rest (III) Toleration Harris, son of Andrew of that early history is too well known to and Mary (Tew) Harris, was born June need repetition here. William Harris was 10, 1685, in Providence, and resided in that one of the original proprietors of the town and in Warwick, Rhode Island, where colony. He was one of the twelve persons he died in 1767. He married Sarah Foster, to whom Roger Williams deeded land on who died in 1766. Children: 1. Anne, born October 8, 1638, which he had bought from December 31, 1709. 2. William, mentioned Canonicus and Miantonomi. He was one of below. 3. Joseph, born June 15, 1713. 4. the twelve original members of the Baptist Andrew, born November 18, 1715. 5. Mary, church. On July 27, 1640, he was one of born December 18, 1718. 6. Sarah, born the thirty-nine who signed a compact for June 9, 1722. 7. John, born August 19, good government, and subsequently served 1724, died young. 8. Phebe, born Septem on important committees. He and Roger ber 7, 1726; married Lenight Dexter, Sr. Williams later came to differ radically in 9. Lydia. some of their views concerning individual (IV) William Harris, son of Toleration liberty, Harris being a most pronounced in and Sarah (Foster) Harris, was born July dividualist. He was a very successful law 23, 171 1. He married, and had children, yer and went to England three times on among whom was John, mentioned below. business concerning his lands, and was on (V) John Harris, son of William Harris, his fourth voyage when he was captured married and had a daughter, Hope Harris. by a Barbary Corsair and sold in the market (VI) Hope Harris, daughter of John in Algiers as a slave, February 24, 1680. Harris, married Smith, and was the After suffering many cruelties for more mother of Sally Smith, who married Will than a year he was ransomed at a cost of iam Anson Potter. Their daughter, Maria more than $1,200. He travelled through Smith Potter, married, June 18, 1834, in Spain and France, reaching London only Warwick, Rhode Island, James Henry Bug- three days before his death in 1681. He bee (see Bugbee VII). married, in 1632, Susanna , who died in 1682. Their children were : I. Andrew, mentioned below. 2. Mary. 3. Susanna. LONGLEY, Charles E., 4. Howlong. 5. Toleration, who was killed Head of Important Business. by the Indians, and died without issue. (II) Andrew Harris, son of William The Longley family was established in and Susanna Harris, was born in 1635, and America in 1635, and is numbered among died May 1, 1686. He had land laid out those families whose history is insepara to him in 1 66 1, and was deputy in 1669-70 bly bound up in the early annals of the and 1676. He married, December 8, 1670, turbulent times which marked the found Mary Tew, daughter of Richard and Mary ing of the colonies which later became the (Clark) Tew, and granddaughter of Henry United States of America. The family Tew, a pioneer of Newport, Rhode Island. is of English origin, and the name Long- Their children were: 1. Mary, born De ley is derived from the early Anglo-Sax

23З ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY on words "lang Leah," which meant an lic lands he was allotted as his share a extended meadow, pasture, or grassy field. large portion of the native forest. This The name is also spelled Langley, which later was divided into farms, cleared, and more nearly approximates the words from became the property of several of his des which it was originally derived. The cendants. According to a manuscript rec seat of the family in England was at ord, which was the property of the late Langley, in the parish of Middleton, and Rev. James D. Farnsworth, William at Agecroft in Lancashire. They were of Longley was in Groton as early as 1659, the landed gentry, and entitled to bear but the earliest mention of his name in the arms. official records of the town is in 1663. In 1665 he was chosen selectman. He died Arms — Quarterly. First and fourth, parti per fesse or and azure. Second and third, parti per at Groton, Massachusetts, on November pale argent and gules. The former on a chevron 29, 1680. sable, three bezants or. The latter, two chev William (2) Longley, son of William ron els. (1) Longley, was probably born at Lynn, Crest — A lion sejant argent. Massachusetts, prior to the removal of his Motto — Esse quam videri. father to Groton. He married in Gro Richard Longley, immigrant ancestor, ton, and had five children. Publicly he was the first head of a family of whom was a man of some prominence in Gro there is any record in early Colonial his ton, and held office in the community. He tory of New England. He is thought to was appointed town clerk in 1666, and be the original ancestor of all of the name held that office for thirty-two years, un in that section of the country. He came til his death in 1694. Settlers at this time from England and settled in Lynn, Mas suffered horribly from the Indians, and sachusetts, as early as 1635. From the in 1694 William Longley and his family marriage of his son, William, with the sis were the victims of an Indian massacre. ter of Deputy-Governor Goffe, it is evi All were slain except three of the young dent that Richard Longley and his family er children who were taken captives by held a prominent place in the community the Indians. The house was plundered at Lynn. Richard Longley's family in and burned. For two hundred years the cluded two sons, William, mentioned be only thing that marked the spot where low ; and Jonathan, and others most prob the massacre took place was a small flat ably, whose names are not recorded. stone. There has been erected within the William Longley. Savage has raised last decade, however, a monument. The some doubt as to whether William Long- survivors of this raid were the progeni ley was a son of the founder, Richard tors of the Longley families, who have Longley. However, from the fact that since that time been prominent in New Richard Longley was the first of the name England, especially in the states of Mas in New England and is mentioned as hav sachusetts, Rhode Island and Maine. ing a son William, it seems reasonably The late Charles Edmund Longley was certain that the William Longley herein a direct descendant of the founder, Rich dealt with was that son. Early in life, ard Longley, and was of the Maine William Longley removed with his fam branch of the family. He was born in ily from Lynn to Groton, Massachusetts, Sidney, in the State of Maine, in 1850, where he settled and became a proprietor and died at his home at 87 Walcott street, of the town. In the first division of pub Pawtucket, Rhode Island, November 29, 234 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1899. He passed the majority of the years ing, and the one at Woonsocket in the of his life in Rhode Island, where his bus Longley building, one of the finest in the iness interests were centered. city. This chain of stores became one of Charles Edmund Longley received his the controlling factors in the industry in early education in the public schools of New England. Mr. Longley later became Sidney, and later attended the Wesleyan a member of the Standard Clothing Com Seminary at Kent's Hill, from which he pany of Boston, which did business on a was graduated, immediately thereafter en wholesale scale in the Middle Atlantic tering the business world. The death of States as well as in New England. Later both his parents made it necessary at this the Boston and Providence Clothing time that he become economically inde Company and the Standard Clothing pendent, and he secured his first employ Company consolidated, bringing under ment as a clerk of one of the several one management the huge interests which clothing firms in Boston, Massachusetts. these two companies controlled. Mr. During the several years that followed, Longley was of that type of men to whom in fact until 1876, he entered the employ the management and personal supervision of many of the leading firms in this in of their affairs is a factor of huge im dustry in Boston, studying conditions of portance in their daily lives, and more working, manufacture, sale, etc., with the than that, a pleasure not to be delegated ambition and intention of preparing him to others. The greater portion of his self, with a knowledge of every detail of time was given to his business interests, the trade, to become eventually a proprie and his health was sacrificed to them. On tor and leader in the business. February 15, 1893, ne bought out the J. In 1876 he entered into partnership with B. Barnaby Company of Providence, and George Talbot, of Brookline, Massachu continued the business under the same setts, and in Providence, Rhode Island, firm name, as its president and general opened a clothing store, under the firm manager. Shortly thereafter Mr. Long- name of the Boston and Providence ley began gradually to dispose of his Clothing Company. This venture was stores and business interests outside of immediately successful, and met with in New England, selling also several of his stant public favor. Mr. Longley next stores in New England. He retained, how conceived the idea of developing the bus ever, the New Haven and Woonsocket iness which had such an admirable start, stores, and greatly increased his holdings into a chain of stores spreading through in the J. B. Barnaby Company, in which out the other large cities of New England. he controlled the greater portion of the In course of time the company owned and stock. He continued the active head of operated stores in Pawtucket and Woon- this business for a period of six years socket, Rhode Island; Fall River and thereafter, up to the time of his death in Worcester, Massachusetts; New Haven, 1899, in his fiftieth year. Hartford and New Britain, Connecticut. Mr. Longley was deeply interested in The stores were conducted along the the welfare of the clerks in his employ, most modern lines, efficient to the highest and was well known as a just and even degree, and were all located in the most indulgent employer, doing everything modernly equipped buildings to be found within his power to secure favorable con in the cities mentioned. The store at ditions of working and manufacture not Pawtucket was in the Music Hall build only in his business interests, but in the 235 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY business concerns whose products he section of the country. Richard Swinney, used. In all the years during which he Mrs. Longley's great-grandfather, was a was connected with the clothing business soldier in the American Revolution, and his name stood for honesty in dealing, after the war, a slave and plantation own fairness of methods, and a high standard er. She is a daughter of Captain John of quality. Never did the reputation which L. and Eliza A. (Robinson) Swinney, and he established from the very first suffer was born in the family home in Savannah, the smirch of doubt or public distrust. Georgia. Captain John L. Swinney was In addition to his business, which was an officer in the Seminole War, serving as so large as to require the greater part of captain of the Hancock troop of cavalry his time, Mr. Longley was also connected of Georgia, under General Winfield Scott. with several of the social and fraternal or Maternally, Mrs. Longley is descended ganizations of Pawtucket, Providence and from the Robinson family, a well-known Boston, among which the most important one in New England, where it was estab were : The Squantum, Pomham, To-Ka- lished by the noted Puritan minister, Rev. lon clubs; the Providence Athletic As John Robinson. She is a granddaughter sociation, of which he was one of the orig of Elijah Robinson, of Barre, Massachu inal members, tendering his resignation setts, a soldier in the Revolution, serving only a year before his death ; the Con as a private in Captain Jonathan Sibley's gregational Club of Rhode Island; the company, Colonel Luke Drury's regi Pawtucket Business Men's Association ; ment. Massachusetts Lodge, Free and Accepted Mrs. Longley is a member of the Daugh Masons; St. Paul's Chapter, Royal Arch ters of the American Revolution, and is Masons, thirty-second degree. He was State Regent of that famous organization one of the trustees of the Pawtucket Con for the State of Rhode Island. She is a wo gregational Church. man of unusual attainments, socially Mr. Longley's death was the cause of a and in business life, and is one of the deep sorrow which went far beyond the leading club women of the State. She was ordinary perfunctory regret which at for a number of years State Director of tends the death of men of public import the Children of the American Revolution. ance who have not reached the hearts of Since the death of her husband Mrs. the men with whom they have come in Longley has assumed his place in the contact. The number of his friends was management of his huge business inter legion. ests, a task of a colossal size for a man Mr. Longley was married, in 1879, in of more than ordinary ability. She resides Providence, Rhode Island, to Henrietta at the family home at No. 87 Walcott Swinney, of the famous old Swinney fam street, Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Chil ily of the South. dren : Charles Edmund, Jr., married, The Swinney arms are thus described: January, 191 5, Grace Mortimer, of New York; Vawter Clifford; Rosalind, mar Arms — Or, on a fess vert, between three boars ried, October 19, 1912, Edward Stern- passant sable, a lizard passant proper. Crest — Two turtle doves cooing, proper. berger, son of Morris Lee Sternberger, of Ohio, and resides in Jackson, Ohio; Ron The Swinney family has been estab ald Swift; Harold Robinson, died aged lished since pre-Revolutionary days, and four years. The family residence was has been prominent in the history of that formerly the Dexter homestead, and since 236 )

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^-7^ Vb ,^ГЬа (Jbiyvxj^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY the time of its purchase in 1882, has been Lyra Brown Nickerson, daughter of the so developed and improved that it is one late Edward Irving and Lyra Frances of the most beautiful and architecturally (Brown) Nickerson, was born in the family perfect mansions in the city. Mrs. Long- residence at the corner of Angelí and Pros ley's summer home was formerly the pect streets, Providence, Rhode Island, De Phillips' homestead, at Phillips' Beach, cember 7, 1885. Swampscott, Massachusetts, which she Brown Arms — A field sable three lions passant purchased in 1905 from the Phillips' Es argent in bend. tate. Crest — A griffin's head or, déntele. Motto — Laeti completi labores.

NICKERSON, Lyra Brown, The education of Miss Nickerson in elementary stages was placed in the hands Philanthropist. of private tutors. She later entered the Arms — Azure, two bars ermine, in chief three private academy of the Misses Bowen and suns. Gilman in Providence, and was graduated The name of Nickerson is an ancient from that institution in the class of 1904. English surname of baptizmal origin, and Miss Nickerson accompanied her parents it is a corruption of the surname Nichol on several of their trips abroad, travelling son, for which it was used almost inter extensively in Europe with them, and ac changeably in early American Colonial rec quiring during these trips the polish and ords. It signifies "the son of Nicholas," education of the cosmopolitan, which later taking its form from the nickname Nichol in life made her so interesting and enter or Nicol, which for several centuries held taining a conversationalist. After the death a high place in popular favor in England. of her parents she continued her travels The first mention of the name in the early abroad, and was travelling in Europe at Colonial records of New England occurs the time of the outbreak of the recent con under date of June 20, 1637, when William flict, experiencing great difficulty in getting Nickerson, immigrant ancestor and progeni out of Germany. tor of all of the long established families Miss Nickerson was brought prominently of the name in America today, landed at the and constantly before the public eye in port of Boston, in the Massachusetts Col Providence by the lavish generosity of her ony. He was the founder of a progeny gifts to charity, art, science, and public which has left its mark deep upon the an works. The huge wealth which was hers nals of Southern Massachusetts and Rhode she used wisely and well to further for the Island, a strong, virile race, which has play greater part the interests of society and the ed a prominent part in the history of public civic body, in which it may be said she was affairs and industry in New England. The perhaps the most prominent woman who name of the late Edward Irving Nickerson devoted time, attention and resources to will long be remembered in connection with such interests. She was deeply interested the profession of architecture in Providence in educational and patriotic questions. Her and the larger cities of New England, and first gift of public importance was that of that of the late Lyra Brown Nickerson, of the famous architectural library of her more recent connection with vital affairs in father, the late Edward Irving Nickerson, the city of Providence, will remain vivid in one of the finest collections of its kind in the memory of men and women in all walks the world, made to the Providence Public of life. Library after his death. This consists of 237 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY seven hundred volumes, and is known as Miss Nickerson was active in social life the Nickerson Architectural Collection. On in Rhode Island, and was well loved in a June i, 1908, Miss Nickerson gave $10,000 circle of friends prominent also in the so to the library. Her gift of one and a half cial activities of the State and city. But million dollars to the Rhode Island School her death was a cause of grief to men and of Design was one unprecedented in the women in practically every walk of life, history of benevolences in the State of men and women whom she had aided, and Rhode Island. The Providence "Tribune" who had worked with her in the various en comments as follows on the gift and the terprises which she directed. The element wisdom of Miss Nickerson in disposing of of the tragic was greatly accentuated in her fortune in so excellent a cause : her death by the fact that she was so potent The Providence Public Library and the Rhode a factor for good in the community, and Island School of Design are, it is not too much by her youth. It may be truly said of her, to say, the two public institutions which are doing and without the suggestion of triteness, that the most widely diffused good in this community. she was In giving practically the whole of her large for tune to them she makes sure that the money "A perfect woman, nobly planned which was made here by her family will be used To guide, to comfort, and command." for the perpetual benefit of the people here, and for the special benefit of those artisan classes of Lyra Brown Nickerson died at her sum the more studious and ambitious sort who, as the mer home at Narragansett Pier, Rhode Is labor factor, contributed most to the accumulation land, August 30, 1916. Because of the lack of the money which Miss Nickerson, after her of adequate standards by which to judge, few years' use of it, has now returned to them. it is difficult to estimate the value to the Very few, when called upon to dispose of their property at the end of life, have as much to dis community of the life of a woman such as pose of as Miss Nickerson had. Fewer are so Lyra B. Nickerson. The concrete evidence, free as she was from the conventional obligations as is found in her great gifts to charity and of blood relationship. Still fewer are so wide- public institutions, cannot be overestimated. seeing and judicious as she has shown herself in But of the value of her work during her their use of such opportunities for benevolence as are given to them. lifetime, her continuous support of efforts which had for their end the advancement Many of her gifts, indeed the greater of learning, the lightening of human suffer proportion of them, were made unostenta ing, it is not possible to form a clear con tiously and were known only to the execu ception, for the reason that her work was tive officers of the charitable, educational quietly done. Her life was totally different and civic associations to which she made from that of the average woman of her them. In October, 1915, Miss Nickerson wealth and position in life, in that it was far contributed $7,500 to the Aero Club of removed from the trivial and self-seeking. America for the purpose of purchasing an It counted as few lives of women do, in aeroplane. The Aero Club later originated the active shaping of affairs in the com the plan of developing an aviation corps munity. for the Naval Militia or National Guard of the several States of the Union, and at the suggestion of Miss Nickerson gave an COLE, Washington Leverett, aeroplane to the Rhode Island National Guard. She was keenly interested in avia Enterprising Citizen. tion as a means of national defence, and Heraldic Arms of the Cole family: had learned to fly. Arms— Quarterly, 1 and 4 argent, a bull passant 238 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY gules, armed or, within a bordure sable bezantee. Confessor. In 1 61 6, James Cole, progeni 2 and 3 gules, a- lion rampant argent. tor of the Rhode Island Coles, lived at Crests — ist — A demi-dragon holding an arrow Highgate, London ; he was a lover of flow or, headed and feathered argent. 2nd — A demi- lion rampant argent, gorged and chained or. ers, and a great horticulturist, and married Motto — Deum cole, regent serva (Worship the daughter of de Lobel, the celebrated God, protect the king). botanist and physician of James I., from The symbolic arms of the Cole family is as whom the plant Lobelia is named. The follows : The shield is divided into four parts, Cole family owned lands on the ridge of the ist and 4th being the armorial bearing of the husband and the 2nd and 3rd that of the wife, Hills called Highgate, near the Kingston ist quarter, the background is silver — silver in line. James Cole subsequently came to heraldry signifies wisdom, joy, peace and sincerity. America, settling in Rhode Island, where The black border (called bordure) was formerly he founded the family of which the late a mark of difference, to distinguish one branch Washington Leverett Cole was a member. of a family from the other. Its color is black, denoting grief, calamity or death. The bezants In 1667 the town of Swansea, Massachu (roundlets of gold), so called from the ancient setts, was incorporated, including an ex gold coin of Byzantium, now Constantinople, de pansive territory out of which later came note that the ancestor had been to the Holy several towns, among them Warren, Rhode Land, very likely at the time of the crusades Island. In 1669, Hugh Cole, with others, (1200). The bull denotes strength and useful ness. Red (the color of the bull) in heraldry purchased from King Philip, the Indian denotes fortitude, fire, victorious strength, tri sachem, five hundred acres of land in Swan umph and power. The dragon (the crest on the sea, on the west side of Cole's river (named left) is deemed the emblem of viciousness and for Hugh Cole, son of James Cole). At the envy. In armory it is properly applied to tyranny outbreak of the Indian War two of Hugh or the overthrow of a vicious enemy. The arrow denotes knighthood received for bravery in battle Cole's children were made prisoners by the or otherwise, also swiftness and activity. The Indians and were taken to Philip's head second quarter is showing a silver lion rampant quarters at Mount Hope. Philip, through a (aggressive) in a red field. Red denotes fire— long standing friendship for their father, "a burning desire to spill one's blood for God sent them back with the message that he or country." The lion is the symbol of strength, courage and did not wish to injure them, but in the generosity. The chain attached to its neck means event of an uprising might not be able to that the life of the bearer of these arms was a restrain his young braves. Philip advised continuous chain of brave and meritorius deeds. that they repair to Rhode Island for safety. The motto: Deum cole, regem serva, means Hugh Cole removed immediately with his translated : "Worship God, protect the king" and family, and had proceeded but a short dis was no doubt selected, outside of its appropriate and reverent meaning, as an allusion to the name. tance when he beheld his house in flames. After the war he returned and located on The name of Cole has been identified with the east side of Touisett Neck, on Kicke- the history of Rhode Island since the early muet river, in Warren. The farm and well years of the struggle of the little colony for he made in 1677 are yet in possession of his existence. lineal descendants. The friendship of the The family, which was founded in Rhode Indian warrior, Philip, for Hugh Cole is one Island by James Cole, is a branch of the of the few romantic and touching stories English Coles, one of the most ancient and which come down to us from the whole re honorable of early English houses. The volting history of King Philip's War. Coles owned land in Essex, Wiltshire, Dev Washington Leverett Cole was born in onshire and Derbyshire under Edward the Providence, Rhode Island, August 10, 1841, 239 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

a descendant of the founder James Cole, survived her husband until November 15, through his son, Hugh Cole, and son of 1916, when she passed away at the Cole Samuel Jackson and Frances (Sessions) home on Cole avenue, opposite Sessions Cole. He traced a maternal ancestry as street, in Providence. The Cole home has distinguished as that of the Cole family. been preserved in as nearly as possible the Samuel Jackson Cole was a man of means form in which it was when early members and position in Providence in the early of the Cole family entertained Washington part of the nineteenth century, a gentle and Lafayette, and contains among other man farmer, and the owner of a large es relics of that day the chair in which the tate, located in the section between Irving commander-in-chief sat. Mr. and Mrs. Cole avenue and the Pawtucket line, and what were the parents of the following children : is now the Blackstone Boulevard. He mar I. Francis Sessions, manager of the Cole ried Frances Sessions, member of a prom farm. 2. Jessie Leverett, who resides at inent old family of Providence. the old homestead. 3. William Marchant, Their son, Washington Leverett Cole, a contractor ; married Ella Grahan Gulnac ; was educated in the private school of Sam issue: Janet and William M., Jr. 4. Jack uel J. Austin, in Providence, and on com son Lanksford, ordained to the Episcopal pleting his studies, became interested im priesthood in St. Paul's Cathedral Church mediately in the management of his father's at Fon Du Lac, Wisconsin, by the Rt. large property and of his farm, eventually Rev. Reginald Heber Weller, D. D. and succeeding him in the control of the estate. LL. D., Bishop on June 2, 1918, and as He devoted his entire life to bringing this sumed charge of St. Andrew's Mission at farm to a high standard of efficiency and Kenosha, Wisconsin. Washington Lever excellence, purely for the love of the work, ett Cole died at his home in Providence, and for his deep interest in agriculture and March 17, 191 1. dairying. The farm was famous for its herd of one hundred high grade cows, which was the pride of its owner. Mr. Cole con FORSYTH, Robert, ducted a large business in dairy products. Estimable Citizen. He was widely known in Providence, and highly respected for the stern integrity and Robert Forsyth, for many years a well consistent justice of his life and of his known and prosperous coal, wood and business policies. Although he maintained grain merchant of Centerville, Rhode Is a deep interest in public issues, he kept land, was a native of Ireland, born in strictly aloof from political circles, and was 1833- independent of party restriction in casting Arms — Argent a chevron engrailed between his vote. He was in accord with the poli three griffins segreant vert, armed and ducally cies and principles of the Republican party crowned or. on national issues, however. He was a Crest — A demi-griffin vert member of the Episcopal church. Motto— Instaurât or ruinar. On December 28, 1872, Mr. Cole married At the age of seventeen years Robert Martha Stalker, who was born in Green Forsyth came to America, settling in wich, Rhode Island, daughter of Duncan Rhode Island, where for several years and Lucy (Spencer) Stalker, her father a he worked at mercantile occupations. He native of Glasgow, Scotland, and her moth succeeded eventually in amassing a small er of Warwick, Rhode Island. Mrs. Cole capital, and established a coal, wood, hay

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ú/nwif' S*á?wk *y ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and grain business at Centerville, Rhode June 7, 1 67 1, he served as juryman. In Island, on a small scale. This business the period intervening between his ar he developed gradually into one of the rival, about 1655, and 1678, it is evident largest of its kind in the county. Mr. that he rose to a position of prominence Forsyth became active in public affairs in in the community, for in the latter year he Centerville and, although he remained out was elected to the office of deputy to the side political life, was deeply interested Rhode Island General Assembly. On Au in the welfare and advancement of the gust 28, 1680, he deeded to his son, Cle town, and a supporter of all movement ment Weaver, of East Greenwich, ninety toward this end. He was a member of acres there, at his decease to go to Wil the Centerville Protestant Episcopal liam Weaver, son of Clement. On Feb Church, and a liberal donor to its chari ruary 13, 1682, he sold to George ties and benevolences. Vaughan, of Newport, ten acres in East Robert Forsyth married (first) . Greenwich. He died in 1683; and under George R. Forsyth, the son of this mar date of October 20, 1683, Samuel Hub riage, died in 1903. He married (sec bard, of Newport, wrote to William Gib ond) September 18, 1902, Ann Elizabeth son, of New London, "Old Weaver is (Weaver) Gavitt. Mrs. Forsyth is ac dead, near an hundred years old." His tive in social life in Coventry, and for will was dated November 4, 1680. Clem twenty-seven years has been a member of ent Weaver married Mary Freeborn, the Coventry Women's Club. She is a daughter of William and Mary Freeborn. member of Gaspee Chapter, Daughters Their sons, Clement and William, set of the American Revolution. She has tled in East Greenwich, Rhode Island, supported the cause of suffrage ardently and were the founders of the Weaver fam for many years, and has been active in ilies of that vicinity. war work. (I) James Weaver, descendant of. Clem (The Weaver Line ). ent Weaver and grandfather of Mrs. Ann Arms — Barry of four, argent and sable; on a Elizabeth (Weaver) Forsyth, widow of chief of the last a garb or. the late Robert Forsyth, of Quidneck, Crest — A ram's head erased argent, armed or. Rhode Island, was born April 28, 1750. The Weaver family of Rhode Island, He was a farmer and prominent citizen of which ranks among the leading families Warwick, Rhode Island. He married of Colonial origin in the State, was found Mehitable Greene, daughter of James ed in Newport, Rhode Island, about the Greene, the founder of the family in year 1655, when the name of Clement America, who was one of three brothers Weaver, the founder and immigrant an who emigrated from England in the cestor, first appears on the records of the eighteenth century. Mehitable (Greene) early settlement. The Weavers of Rhode Weaver was born November 2, 1754. Island, who for several generations have James and Mehitable (Greene) Weaver been active and prominent in the life and were the parents of the following chil affairs of the colony and commonwealth, dren: 1. Anstrous, born May 8, 1777. 2. are without exception the descendants of Mary. 3. Deborah, born August 12, 1779. Clement Weaver, who in 1655 became a 4. Warren, born May 3, 1782. 5. Isaac, freeman in Newport. He purchased land born January 18, 1786. 6. Harris, born there and settled about three miles from April 30, 1789. 7. Sarah, born April 30, Newport, in what is now Middletown. On 1797. 8. Ruf us, mentioned below.

241 A. B.-6-16 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

(II) Rufus Weaver, son of James and 1895, became the wife of the late Christo Mehitable (Greene) Weaver, was born pher Cushing. Mrs. Cushing, who sur in Coventry, Rhode Island, July 18, 1792. vives her husband, resides at the Cush He resided all his life on the Weaver ing home in Quidneck, which was built homestead in Coventry, Rhode Island, by her husband in 1895. She is a member where he engaged in farming on a large of the Quidneck Baptist Church, and is scale, until an accident caused him to re well known in social circles in the town. tire from active affairs. He was prom Rowland H. Gavitt was born in Coven inent in the life and affairs of Coventry try, Rhode Island, and was educated in for many years, and was highly respected the public schools of the town, at an early in the town. Rufus Weaver married Ma- age learning the machinist trade. He be hitable Greene, daughter of James and came an expert and was employed in this Eunice (Hopkins) Greene. They were capacity in the mills of Anthony, Rhode the parents of the following children: 1. Island, until shortly before his death, Lewis, born May 29, 1823. 2. Alvina, when sickness made necessary his retire born December 3, 1824. 3. Lucretia, born ment. At the outbreak of the Civil War, December 6, 1826. 4. Unice, born De Mr. Gavitt enlisted in the Rhode Island cember 2, 1828. 5. Albert, born August Cavalry, going immediately to the fight 29, 1832. 6. James, born June 4, 1835. 7- ing line with his regiment. He partici Mary, born November 22, 1837. 8. Ed pated in some of the most stirring actions win, born February 15, 1839. 8. Sarah, of the early days of the conflict, and in born April 24, 1841. 10. Ann Elizabeth, 1863 was honorably discharged. Return mentioned below. 11. George, born Jan ing to the North he once again took up me uary 12, 1847. I2- Mary Amelia, men chanical pursuits. For many years prior tioned below, who became the wife of the to his death he was a resident of Quid late Christopher Cushing, and now re neck, and was well known in the village. sides at Quidneck, Rhode Island. 13. He was a member of the Masonic fra Charles, born September 18, 1851. Ru ternity and of the Independent Order of fus Weaver died at his home in Coventry, Odd Fellows, and was prominent in so Rhode Island, September 19, 1868. All of cial and fraternal circles. Mr. Gavitt died the above children, with the exception of April 29, 1899. Mrs. Ann Elizabeth Mrs. Cushing and Mrs. Forsyth, are de (Weaver) Gavitt married (second) Rob ceased. ert Forsyth, whom she survives. Mrs. (III) Ann Elizabeth Weaver, daughter Forsyth resides at Quidneck, Rhode Is of Rufus and Mahitable (Greene) Weav land, with her sister, Mrs. Cushing. er, was born in Coventry, Rhode Island, July 1, 1843. She was educated in the (The Cushing Line). schools of her native town. She married The surname Cushing had its origin in (first) February 14, 1866, Rowland H. the baptismal name Custance, one of the Gavitt, of North Kingstown, Rhode Is most popular of girl names of the thir land. teenth and fourteenth centuries, and was (Ill) Mary Amelia Weaver, daughter derived directly from the nickname Cuss, of Rufus and Mahitable (Greene) Weav to which was added the diminutive "in;" er, was born in Coventry, Rhode Island, the "g" in the name is escrescent. The first May 6, 1849. She was educated in Cov mention of the name in early English reg entry, Rhode Island, and on October 22, isters is found in the poll tax for the West

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Riding of Yorkshire, in 1379, under the figure in the business and public affairs of entry Johannes Cussyng. The Cushing the town of Quidneck. He was at one families in the vicinity of Providence, time a member of the Town Council. He Rhode Island, are the progeny of Ben was a Democrat in political affiliation. jamin Cushing, who settled in Providence Mr. Cushing was a member of the Inde in the early part of the eighteenth cen pendent Order of Odd Fellows. He at tury, and Matthew and Josiah Cushing, tended the Central Baptist Church of who were of Rehoboth, Massachusetts, at Coventry, and was a generous donor to a somewhat earlier date. Their men its charitable efforts. He was universally were descendants in the fourth generation respected, and his death on October 26, of the founder of the family in America, 1903, was sincerely mourned. Matthew Cushing, who was of Boston in On October 22, 1895, Christopher Cush 1638, and later became one of the found ing married Mary Amelia Weaver, daugh ers of Hingham, Massachusetts. He was ter of Rufus and Mahitable (Greene) the progenitor of the New England Cush- Weaver (see Weaver). Mrs. Cushing ings, who have been rendered famous in resides in Quidneck. American history as the "family of Greene Arms — Azure three bucks trippant or. judges." Crest — Out of crown a buck's head or. • The late Christopher Cushing, member Motto — Nee timet) nee sperno. of the Rhode Island branch of the early Massachusetts family, was born in Cov ENSIGN, Dwight W., entry, Rhode Island, January 9, 1845, the son of Chauncey and Clarissa (Congdon) Legislator, Business Man. Cushing, who were natives of Swansea, Dwight Watts Ensign was born Au Massachusetts, and later residents of An gust 2, 1839, at Sheridan, Chautauqua thony, Rhode Island. They were the par county, New York, a son of Seymour ents of six children, of whom only one, P. and Diantha (Holmes) Ensign, the Mrs. Philip Matteson, survives. Chris former engaged in business as a book topher Cushing was educated in the seller at Erie, Pennsylvania. Seymour schools of Coventry, and on completing P. Ensign was a son of Otis Ensign, his education learned the trade of ma and a grandson of Eliphalet Ensign, who chinist, in Anthony, Rhode Island. With was killed in the Indian massacre of Wyom in a short period he became an expert me ing Valley, where his son, Otis Ensign, was chanic, and removed to Providence, where one of the few that survived. Otis Ensign he followed his trade successfully until served with the Continental army in the about 1900. In the latter year he re Revolutionary War, and was one of the moved to Quidneck, Rhode Island, where force under General Washington which he became connected with his brother, the wintered at Valley Forge, and was also late J. Henry Cushing, in the grocery present at the execution of Major André. business. In 1902, on the retirement of Dwight Watts Ensign had intended to enter the latter from business life, Mr. Cush the West Point Military Academy, and ing purchased the business which he con studied with that end in view. Unfortunate ducted very successfully until his death ly, however, he fell a victim to rheumatic in 1903, when the business was sold to fever, which prevented his entrance to the his brother-in-law, Philip Matteson. Mr. academy, and he thereupon took up the Cushing was for many years a well known profession of civil engineering.

24З ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Mr. Ensign travelled in the West in Among the most ancient and distin 1882, and for a time lived at Devil's Lake, guished families of New England, where in North Dakota, where he engaged in it has made its home from the earliest township speculation, and was elected to Colonial period, is that of Stratton, which represent that place in the State Legisla can indeed claim a great and honorable ture. He served on that body in 1886 and antiquity in the mother country before 1887, and was a member of several im its enterprising sons came to the New portant legislative committees. World and sought for themselves and Toward the end of 1887, however, he their descendants the freedom and oppor returned East and took up his abode at tunities that it offered. It was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as the represen this country by one Samuel Stratton, a tative of the Dakota and Eastern Mortgage native of England, in which country he and Loan Company. He became very prom was born in 1592, and who came to the inent in business circles both East and West, New England colonies with his wife and and enjoyed in an unusual degree the re family some time prior to 1647, ш which spect and confidence of his associates. He year we first have record of him here. His was a man of unusual cultivation, and was wife, whom he had married in England, very conspicuous in the social and intel probably died shortly after their arrival lectual life of Cambridge, and a member in the colonies, and comparatively little of several prominent clubs and fraternal is known concerning her. organizations, including the Sons of the (I) Samuel Stratton was surveyor of American Revolution and the Boston Art town lots at Watertown, Massachusetts Club. In his religious belief, Mr. Ensign Bay Colony, as early as 1647, ar,d took the was a Unitarian, and was a member of the oath as freeman there May 18, 1653. His Second Church of that denomination at Bos home was situated in that part of Water- ton, and served on the building committee town which has since become Cambridge, of the new church. He was a man of dom in the neighborhood of the present Lowell inant personality and strong character, and Park, and adjacent to the property that af realized in every particular the highest ideals terward became the estate of James Rus expressed in the word gentleman. sell Lowell. Samuel Stratton, after the Dwight Watts Ensign was united in mar death of his first wife, married, August 28, riage (first) October 23, 1873, at Geneva, 1657, Mrs. Margaret Parker, the widow of Illinois, with Helen J. Nelson, and they William Parker, of Boston. By his first were the parents of two children: Emery marriage he had two sons, and by the sec Seymour, of East Orange, New Jersey, and ond the following children: Samuel, Jr. ; Helen Marguerite, of Geneva, Illinois. Mr. John, who is mentioned at length below; Ensign married (second) Martha Louise and Richard, the progenitor of the East- Stratton, on November 20, 1889, a daugh hampton, Long Island, branch of the fanv ter of Ira and Martha Ann (Coolidge) ily. Stratton. (II) John Stratton, son of Samuel and (Stratton Line). Margaret (Parker) Stratton, was born at The Stratton Arms — Argent lour bars embat Watertown, Massachusetts Bay Colony, and tled counter embattled sable, an escutcheon gules made that place his home throughout his in center. life. He married Elizabeth Traine, and Crest — An eagle or, wings inverted, standing on a man's hand in armor couped at the wrist argent they were the parents of the following chil Motto— Surgere ten to (I attempt to rise). dren: Elizabeth, born at Watertown, and 244

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00LIDGE с ïP- .2 tf*V V ¿^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY died in infancy; John, born at Watertown; chusetts, and grew up to manhood there. Elizabeth ; Joseph, who is mentioned below ; Throughout life he displayed an extraor Samuel ; Rebecca ; Ebenezer, died in in dinary talent for practical affairs, and was fancy; Ebenezer (2) ; Jonathan. besides, justly regarded by his friends and (III) Joseph Stratton, second son of fellow-citizens generally as always main John and Elizabeth (Traine) Stratton, was taining the highest standards of business born at Watertown, and resided there all ethics and good citizenship. As a child he his life. He married Sarah How, and they attended the local public schools, but did not were the parents of a large family of chil continue his studies after reaching the age dren, of whom one was Jonathan, who is of fourteen years. At that age, when most mentioned at length below. boys are still attending school and quite (IV) Jonathan Stratton, son of Joseph dependent upon their parents in all the es and Sarah (How) Stratton, was born at sential matters of life, this precocious and Weston, Massachusetts, in the year 1714, enterprising lad left school and made his and took part in the Revolution. He served way to the West. The western part of the as a private in the company of Colonel Lam- United States was a very different region son, and marched to Lexington, April 19, at that time from what it is today, and 1775, upon receiving the alarm. He mar entirely deserved its title of the "Wild ried Dinah Bemis, of Waltham, November West." Undeterred by these considerations, 1, 1738, and among their children was however, the lad embarked upon his adven Jonathan, Jr., who is mentioned below. ture into the wilderness and penetrated into (V) Jonathan (2) Stratton, son of Jon the depths of the region. There he remain athan (1) and Dinah (Bemis) Stratton, ed for a period of two years, but at the was born March 8, 1746. He served in the end of that time returned to the East, and Revolution, as did his father, his name ap as a youth of sixteen secured a position as pearing on the muster and pay rolls of Cap a hand in a brush factory. He remained tain Jonathan Fiske, as one of Colonel in that employ until he had mastered the Brooks' troops, which were called out March trade, and shortly afterwards was chosen 4, 1776, for five days service, and stationed foreman of a large brush factory at Cam at Dorchester Heights. He also performed bridgeport, by its owner, Mr. Flavel Coo- other military services at different times lidge, whose daughter he later married. during the war. He married, September He continued in that position for a num 20, 1768, Sarah Childs, and among their ber of years and gained a wide and expert children was Shubael C. Stratton, who is knowledge of the brush industry, as well mentioned below. as of business methods generally, and upon (VI) Shubael C. Stratton, son of Jona the death of his father-in-law became the than (2) and Sarah (Childs) Stratton, was proprietor of the factory and the large busi born December 6, 1769, at Weston, Massa ness done by the concern. This he in chusetts, and made his home there and at creased very largely, and eventually opened New Salem. He married Betsey Cook, and a brush shop in partnership with the firm among their children was Ira Stratton, with of Sheriff & Eastham on Exchange street, whose career we are here especially con Boston. This enterprise turned out most cerned. successfully, and in time became the chief (VII) Ira Stratton, son of Shubael С outlet into the retail market of the product and Betsey (Cook) Stratton, was born of the factory. But Mr. Stratton was one January 6, 1804, at New Salem, Massa of those natures that is never satisfied un 245 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

less enlarging the scope of its activity, and business. Upon his father's death in 1873, it was not long before he was venturing into however, he retired from business and re an entirely new sphere of business. He sided with his mother at Cambridge until formed a partnership with Mr. Amory his death, which occurred suddenly from Houghton and established a factory at Som- heart disease, July 23, 1906. Flavel Coo erville, Massachusetts, for the manufacture lidge Stratton was a prominent Mason and of glass. After a time, however, Mr. Strat- a conspicuous figure in the social life of ton found that this business became un Cambridge. A friend of his, speaking of congenial to him, and he sold his interest him at the time of his death, said : "He was in it to his partner, and thereafter devoted learned, yet unpretentious; thoughtful, yet his time and attention to the management not effusive in speech; tender as a woman of his large estate. in his sympathies, yet lion-hearted for the Ira Stratton was united in marriage, on right." the 6th day of November, 1835, with (Coolidge Line). Martha Ann Coolidge, daughter of Flavel Arms — Vert, a griffin segreant or. and Anna (Wilds) Coolidge, the former Crest — A demi-griffin as in arms. owner of the old brush factory that after Motto — Virtute et fide. (By bravery and wards came into the possession of Mr. faith). Stratton. They were the parents of the fol Flavel Coolidge, father of Mrs. Stratton, lowing children : Flavel Coolidge, born Oc was born in the year 1775, the youngest of tober 4, 1836, and died February 15, 1840; eleven children born to Elisha Coolidge and Flavel Coolidge (2d), born February 14, his wife. In the year 1786, when he was 1840, who is mentioned below ; Anna Maria, eleven years old, his father and the entire born February 4, 1848, and died September family joined the Shaker community at the 23, 1850; Martha Louise, born February time of its establishment at Shirley, Middle 4, 1851, and is mentioned on a preceding sex county. The Shaker Society was orig page in connection with Dwight W. En inated by Ann Lee, who came from Liver sign, whom she afterwards married. pool, England, May 19th, 1774, and arrived (VIII) Flavel Coolidge Stratton, second in New York on the 6th of August follow child of Ira and Martha Ann (Coolidge) ing, with eight of her disciples. She rapid Stratton, was born February 14, 1840, at ly built up a number of communities in vari Cambridge, Massachusetts. He studied as ous parts of the Eastern States, the first be a lad at the New Salem Academy, where ing situated at Watervliet, New York, and he was prepared for college, and later en another shortly after appearing at Shirley. tered Harvard University, in 1858, and was It was in the latter community that the early graduated therefrom with the degree of life of Flavel Coolidge was passed, but upon Bachelor of Arts in 1861, in the year in attaining his majority in 1796 he left Shir which he attained his majority. He then ley and came to Cambridgeport, where he became a student of the law, but before learned the trade of brush-making. For a engaging in active practice went abroad and time thereafter he was engaged in business visited for a time in England. While in as a carpenter with Josiah and Thomas that country, Mr. Stratton engaged in the Mason, and during this period built a house banking business with the firm of Belding, for himself. He became one of the foun Keith & Company. Upon returning to the ders of the First Universalist Church at United States he removed to Erie, Pennsyl Cambridge, and was a deacon thereof for vania, and there engaged in the dry goods many years. Eventually he founded the 246

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY successful brush factory at Cambridgeport, is fond of country life, owns the old Arnold which has been mentioned before as the homestead in Coventry, Rhode Island, and place where Ira Stratton learned that busi there spends a large part of his hours "off ness and was afterwards his possession. duty," giving little time to purely social Flavel Coolidge was married in January, organizations. The Arnold family is an 1806, to Anna Wilds, a daughter of Elijah, old one in Rhode Island. Sixteen genera Jr. and Eunice (Stafford) Wilds, and tions of the family, beginning with Ynir, granddaughter of Elijah and Anna (Hovey) are traced down to William Arnold, the Wilds, who were all converts to the Shaker American ancestor who came from England faith. To Mr. and Mrs. Coolidge the fol to Hingham, Massachusetts, in 1635. lowing children were born : Merrick, Octo The line of descent from William Arnold, ber 6, 1806, who married Sarah Ann Tuck the American ancestor, to Edward E. Ar er, November, 1831, and died in 1850; nold, of Providence, Rhode Island, of the Martha Ann, who has been mentioned above eighth American generation and of the as the wife of Ira Stratton; Flavel, Jr., twenty-fourth recorded generation of the born August 8, 1816, and died at Cam family, is from Stephen Arnold, second son bridgeport, Massachusetts, February 28, of William and Christian (Peake) Arnold, 1891. He married (first) Betsy Perkins, who left Providence, where his father was and (second) Almira Peirce. one of the thirteen original proprietors. Stephen Arnold was deputy governor in ARNOLD, Edward Everett, 1664, and assistant in 1667. He had a large estate which he divided among his sons Manufacturer, Legislator. during his lifetime. He married Sarah Arms — Gules, a chevron ermine between three Smith, the line following through their son, pheons or. Stephen (2) and his wife, Mary (Sheldon) Crest — A lion rampant, holding a losenge or. Arnold; their son, Philip, and his wife, Motte«— Mihi gloria cessum. Susanna Arnold ; their son, Thomas, and his Entering the wholesale drug and chem wife, Hannah Arnold ; their son, Nathaniel, ical business soon after his graduation, Mr. and his wife, Eleanor (Rice) Arnold; their Arnold has spent all of his active life in this son, Nathaniel (2), and his wife, Lydia line. The older members of the original (Vaughn) Arnold ; their son, Edward Ever firm of Mason, Chapin & Company have ett Arnold, of Arnold, Hoffman & Com been called from their work and the firm pany, Inc., of Providence, Rhode Island. name has changed more than once, but Mr. Nathaniel (2) Arnold was born in War Arnold has been a leading factor in each wick, Rhode Island, in 1804, died January reorganization and has been president of 4, 1872. He was a farmer all his active Arnold, Hoffman & Company, Inc., since its years, owning a farm in Coventry which had organization, succeeding Arnold, Peck & descended through his wife's family from Company. The concern has long held com the time it was received from the Indians. manding position in the trade, its business Nathaniel (2) Arnold married Lydia world wide, a large part thereof the sup Vaughn, and they were the parents of three plying of drugs and chemicals to manufac daughters and three sons, Edward Everett, turers of paper, glass and textiles. Mr. the youngest child. Arnold has taken time from his pressing Edward Everett Arnold was born at the business responsibilities for public service, homestead in Coventry, Rhode Island, De but is distinctively a man of affairs. He cember 17, 1853. He was educated in the 247 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Coventry public schools, East Greenwich has been manifested, and there is no good Academy, and Eastman Business College, cause but finds a liberal friend in him. of Poughkeepsie, New York. He began Mr. Arnold married, January 3, 1889, his business career as a clerk on September Mittie Hodges, of Peoria, Illinois, and they 19, 1872, lacking then a few months of his are the parents of six children: Mittie, Na nineteenth year. Nearly two years later, thaniel, died aged two years ; Dorothy, Ed May 11, 1874, he entered the employ of win Hodges, Henry Nathaniel, and Eliza Mason, Chapin & Company, thoroughly beth. The city home is a beautiful mansion learning the drug and chemical business in in Providence, the country residence the its relation to that firm. In 1883 he was homestead in Coventry, Rhode Island. admitted a member of the firm, which changed its personnel as the older partners died or retired, finally becoming Arnold, HARTWELL, Frederick W., Peck & Company. The character of the Man of Affairs, Philanthropist. business did not change except as it as Hartwell Arms— Argent a hart s head cabossed, sumed greater proportions, finally being suc sable attired or, between the horns a cross of the ceeded by the firm of Arnold, Hoffman & last Company, Inc., of which he has always been Crest — On a mount vert, paled or, a hart cour ant proper, attired of the second. president. The company has done for a quarter of a century a large business under Frederick W. Hartwell, secretary and that name, dealing in drugs, chemicals, manager of the General Fire Extinguisher gums, and starches, its activities reaching Company of Providence, Rhode Island, every large city of the world. In 1892 Mr. from the time of the founding of the gi Arnold established The Mathieson Alkali gantic corporation until his death, was a Works at Saltville, Virginia, was the first figure of influence in business and finance president of that company and now con in Rhode Island for a quarter of a century, tinues in that office, the company now em ranking prominently among the master bracing the Castner Electrolytic Alkali Com minds which controlled these fields in the pany, of Niagara Falls, New York. He is closing decades of the nineteenth century. a member of lodge, chapter, and command- Frederick W. Hartwell was born at Lang- ery of the Masonic order, is a Noble of the don, New Hampshire, January 8, 1850, son Mystic Shrine, — his clubs, the Squantum of Samuel Estabrook and Lucy M. (King) and Hope, of Providence ; the Union League Hartwell, and a descendant in the eighth and the Chemists', of New York City. A generation of William Hartwell, the found Republican in politics, Mr. Arnold served er of the family in America. The Hartwell the town of Coventry, Rhode Island, for family dates from the year 1636, from five years as a member and president of which time to the present day it has figured the Town Council. He also represented his prominently in New England life and af district in the State Senate, exerting him fairs. Concord and Lincoln, Massachu self to the utmost in behalf of good roads setts, were the homes of the family for and bridges. Senator Arnold was wholly several generations. Samuel Estabrook responsible for building the first reinforced Hartwell, grandfather of the late Frederick concrete bridge east of the Hudson river on W. Hartwell, was the first of the direct line a public highway, aside from a few in the to remove to New Hampshire, where he metropolitan park system in Boston. In became the owner of a large estate, and many other ways his spirit of usefulness where he settled permanently. His son,

248

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Samuel Estabrook Hartwell, Jr., inherited capitalization of $1,000,000, and Mr. Hart- a large portion of his estate in New Hamp well was elected secretary and manager of shire, and remained there, a farmer on a the Providence plant. In the years which large scale until his death. followed he was a factor of greatest im In 1861, following the death of his par portance in the upbuilding and development ents, Frederick W. Hartwell came to Provi of the corporation. In 1906 he became a dence to make his home with his uncle, the member of the board of directors. He was late John Bryant Hartwell, who at that also active on the executive boards of sev time was a power in mercantile life in the eral other Providence concerns, and was a city of Providence, where he died December director of the Atlantic National Bank. 9, 1872. He was given excellent educational His interests, however, were not wholly advantages and studied in the elementary confined to the field of business. He was and high schools of the city, later attending at least as well known in the philanthropic the Kimball Union Academy at Meriden, circles of his city. For several years Mr. New Hampshire, for a year. In 1868 he Hartwell served as a commissioner of the began his business career, entering the of Dexter Donation. From 1899 to 1900 he fices of Day & Chapin as bookkeeper. With acted as president of the Providence Young in a short time he was transferred to the Men's Christian Association, of which he Elm street woolen mill, operated by the had long been a member, remaining until latter firm, in the capacity of bookkeeper his death a member of its board of man and paymaster. Here he remained during agers. He never forgot the struggles and the five years following, but finding the discouragements of his youth, and was al field somewhat narrow and not altogether ways a source of encouragement to the many to his liking, he resigned shortly before his young men who came to him for advice and marriage, in 1873, to become bookkeeper in assistance in his later days. His service the offices of the Providence Steam and Gas as a member of the Central Baptist Church Pipe Company, of which his father-in-law of Providence, and as superintendent of its was at that time treasurer. From this posi Sunday school from 1902, was marked by tion of comparative unimportance he rose such devotion and such material support as rapidly in the firm, displaying an ability for to command the utmost admiration, esj- the handling of large affairs which, in 1884, pecially since it came from a man whose brought the office of secretary and man business and public duties were of great ager of the Providence plant of the newly magnitude. He applied to business affairs founded million dollar corporation, the Gen the code of ethics by which he governed his eral Fire Extinguisher Company. In 1893 private life. The principles of equity, mercy the Providence Steam and Gas Pipe Com and justice which governed his every act pany, which had been manufacturing for made him honored, trusted and loved by some time a water sprinkler for installation men. "Faith in man and God, and an in buildings and stores as a safeguard optimistic mien in the process of their ser against destructive fires, the inventions and vice — these sum up his loved and useful patents for which were then in their control, character." incorporated with a western firm, the On October 15, 1873, Mr. Hartwell mar Neracker & Hill Sprinkler Company, which ried Mary Loring Hartshorn, who was born was engaged in the manufacture of a simi in Providence, Rhode Island, August 14, lar device, under the firm name of the Gen 185 1, daughter of the late Rev. Joseph eral Fire Extinguisher Company, with a Charles and Rachel (Thurber) Hartshorn. 249 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Thurber (Thurburn) Arms — Argent, on a fess died at his home, No. yy Parade street, between a crescent in chief gules and a unicorn's Providence, October 9, 191 1, and is buried head erased in base sable, three mullets or. Crest — A dexter arm in armour embowed, the in Swan Point Cemetery. Mrs. Hartwell, hand throwing a dart proper. who survives her ! 'band, resides at No. Motto — Certo dirigo ictu. (I aim with a sure 16 Freem .11 Parkway, Providence, Rhode blow). Island Mr. and Mrs. Hartwell were the parents i of the following children: i. Joseph C, BIGN Challes Ira, born at Warwick, Rhode Island, August 20, 1874; educated in the public schools of er jjnibb'ag Constructor. Providence, prepared for college at the ■evidence approximately Worcester Academy, and was graduated 1rs ago, a country lad with from Brown University in the class of 1899, a stout heart and a with the degree of Bachelor of Arts ; he is i;t«d|ß Charles Ira Bigney, now employed in the engineering depart [and treasurer of the C. I. Big- ment of the General Fire Extinguisher Com truction Company, has attained pany of Providence ; he is a member of the >m, if ever, equalled. A No- University Club among others, and makes boy with the natural keenness his home with his sister in Providence. 2. of the boy of the Provinces, he has suc John S., born December 22, 1875, died in cessfully climbed the ladder of success. 1882. 3. Lucy King, born February 16, Today his name is a byword in the con 1878; attended the public and high schools struction business of Rhode Island and of Providence, and was graduated from the nearby states, and many handsome and Abbott Academy at Ando ver, Massachu substantial structures will stand in the setts; she married William B. Peck, of years to come as a monument to his thrift Providence, and they are the parents of and application to what he selected as his three children: Margaret Hartwell, born life's occupation. July 19, 1904; Ruth Hartshorn, born De Success is attained only by dint of great cember 13, 1906; Virginia Hunter, born effort, and Mr. Bigney may well look June 12, 1913. 4. Mary Hartshorn, born back upon the years of his youth, when November 21, 1882, died July 1, 191 5; she without the usual time allotted to the attended the public schools of Providence, growing youth for play, he began to build and continued her studies at Dana Hall, up a future that today stands far and Wellesley, and Brown University ; she mar way ahead of those who were satisfied ried Leonard Woolsey Cronkhite, of Bos to take life as it came. But thirty-eight ton, and has one daughter, Elizabeth. 5. years of age, he is what might well be Helen Thurber, born October 28, 1885 ; at termed "a self-made man." From a small tended the public and high schools of Prov Nova Scotian village to a metropolis like idence, and was graduated from Wellesley Providence is a broad space, but Charles College in the class of 1908; she married Ira Bigney had the ambition. Backed by Rev. W. Douglas Swaffield, now of East a brilliant and creative mind, together Boston, Massachusetts ; they are the parents with a wiry frame, the sun gradually of three children: Esther Harding, born broke through the clouds that darkened November 17, 1913; Frederick Hartwell, his early days of long labor. Today he born April 13, 1915; Marian Nichols, born stands in the heyday of his career. The August 6, 1916. Frederick W. Hartwell future holds nothing but greater success, 250

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^bL=c-^^^^*^-^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and Mr. Bigney has surrounded himself There was considerable to be done in with an organization composed of men those days on the farm, and at this age who assume part of the great responsibil he severed his connection with the insti ity which rests on his shoulders. tution of learning and became one of the The C. I. Bigney Construction Com chief assistance of his father on the farm. pany of Providence, Rhode Island, is the There were long tedious hours in farm keynote of everything that stands for the work, from early morning until late at best in construction. Modern construction night. This, however, did not deter young methods are employed throughout. This Bigney and he applied himself with extra company enjoys the distinction of being ordinary effort. The farm prospered un the only construction company in this der his guidance, and his rare judgment great metropolis of the East which oftentimes guided the family destinies. handles the entire work itself from the When the lad reached the age of twenty- time the authority is given to build until four years the Bigney farm was consider the finished work is turned over to the ed one of the leading stock farms of that owner. The business is conducted on a section. strictly ten per cent, basis, the only con Even while engaged in the pursuit of cern operating entirely in this manner in farming the boy found an opportunity to Providence. Volumes might be said of put his mind to other uses than tilling Mr. Bigney's rapid rise in the construc the earth. At the age of fifteen years he tion business. A keen business sense and earned his first money, trading knives and a pleasing manner in meeting people have pocketbooks with boys of his own age. been his big assets. Even at this early age his shrewdness in Charles Ira Bigney first saw the light a trade was commented upon, and later of day in Millville, Nova Scotia., Novem he sold farming implements in conjunc ber 14, 1881, in that little town that sits tion with his work on the farm. It was a among the grandeur of the Nova Scotia common occurrence, after his days work, scenery and one of the delighftul little for him to ride his wheel twelve or fif towns which abound in that section. He teen miles, make a sale of a farming im is the son of John Marshall Bigney, now plement, ride back home and deliver the deceased, and Olive E. (Fisher) Bigney, goods by team, from a town some ten who still lives. He appeared just an or miles away, before the following morn dinary sort of child in those early days of ing. This proves in itself that ambition, his existence, but the future had already once aroused, cannot be denied its right stamped his destiny. For a number of to compete in greater things if the spirit years he brightened the home and event of advancement is predominant. ually the day arrived when he was to be When he reached the age of twenty- gin his education, which had its first and four years, Mr. Bigney expressed a de only inception in the small public school sire to reach out in the world and his eyes of Millvale. The school-room was rather rested on Providence as he glanced at the crude, as all country schoolhouses are, map of his schoolboy days. Undoubtedly and probably even at this early age this was because his brother, Eden H. Charles Ira Bigney saw an opportunity Bigney, had selected Providence as the for him in the far distance. Nevertheless, city in which to engage in the general from one grade to another he advanced, contracting business. The day when that until he reached the age of thirteen years. country boy from Nova Scotia arrived in

251 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Providence is one long to be remembered he is better known, brought him into the by Mr. Bigney. With just the ordinary office and he succeeded his brother as baggage he rested his eyes on one of the manager of construction with a share in biggest cities of the East, and as he stood the partnership of E. H. Bigney & Com watching the crowds hurrying to and fro pany, offices at No. 898 Westminster he realized that at last he had been fa street, where the firm's headquarters are vored by fortune and was in a center of at the present time. activity. With no knowledge whatsoever Eden H. Bigney left for the South at of the contracting business, he expressed this time for the benefit of his health, and his desire to immediately begin work. A the entire business was left on the should few days after his arrival he started work ers of the younger brother. It was just as a laborer. After a while he apprenticed such an opportunity as he had long wish himself to the carpenter's trade and mas ed for, and from that moment the con tered this art. Previous to this he had struction company entered upon a new done everything from digging a trench to era which has spelled nothing but success wheeling a barrow, and tired was the body all the way. For a period extending over and mind that sought its rest at night. three years he conducted the business, ac For a period extending over two years his cepting and putting through new con efforts in the construction line were di tracts, attending to purchases and follow rected towards laboring and carpentering. ing the work in its progress. Charles Ira Then came a chance and he was put in Bigney came into full ownership of the charge of some heavy work. Under his company when his brother sold out to direction the work was done in a satisfac him in May of 1913. At that time E. H. tory manner, a number of his ideas be Bigney & Company was doing a business ing entirely original and a new departure of $100,000 a year, but the younger broth from the ordinary customs employed. er found himself with practically no mon From this time on he was entrusted with ey and $10,000 worth of stock. It was a far more important work, and his first condition which would tend to dishearten complete charge was during the erection many, but not "Ira" Bigney. His first act of the brick building on Broad street for was to install an engineering and esti Baird-North Company, silversmiths. It mating department, and in so doing he was a structure seventy-five by two hun was favored with the selection of men dred feet, two stories, and the builder was who have proven their worth and the re complimented when the completed build spect of Mr. Bigney for his faith in their ing was turned over to the owners. Dur ability. The latter is never too busy ing the next four years he supervised the to praise his different departments, and construction of many big buildings in his contention is always that they cannot the city of Providence. Long hours held be equalled elsewhere. no horrors for Charles Ira Bigney, and, as The first contract entered upon by the a matter of fact, he was happiest when "on C. I. Bigney Construction Company was the job." When off the job he was con the construction of the Cadillac building, tinually devising some means whereby combined with the Broadway Storage construction could be improved. building, which contract was awarded to About this time the health of his broth the company by J. A. Foster, of Provi er, Eden H. Bigney, began to fail. The dence. The contract price for this work latter's confidence in his brother Ira, as was $130,000 and from that time on the 252 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY company went into the building of mills, Those associated with him have also en power houses, foundries, theatres and res joyed their share of this world's goods idences. The Empire Theatre in Fall with many good years to follow. There River is the work of the company and are many contracts at hand, including the vies with anything in the New England erection of a four-story building on Har States for beauty. The Empire Theatre rison street ; two-story manufacturing in Fall River is one of the crowning building at Mapleville, Rhode Island; successes of Mr. Bigney's career. Early two-story silk mill at Valley Falls ; two in the construction period of this hand silk mills at Central Falls ; pipe shop and some playhouse, the entrance of the bending plant at the General Fire Extin United States into the war occurred. guisher Company at Auburn, Rhode Is There was a hurry call for steel and the land, together with many miscellaneous government cancelled all civilian con structures throughout Rhode Island. A tracts in order to fill their own needs. beautiful private residence is under con Undaunted by the many setbacks, the struction in Elmhurst, at a cost of $25,000 work was pushed along until in Novem or more, and a number of mill houses at ber of 1918 the magnificent playhouse Esmond, Rhode Island. was opened to the public. In March of In the year 1918 Mr. Bigney took his this year the theatre was sold to other first vacation, which took him through the interests, and Mr. Bigney well told the South for a period of six weeks. In the story at a banquet of the employees, fol years before that he felt he never had time lowing, when he said, "We built The Em to indulge in a short respite from busi pire: we sold it: we made money." It ness. The same spirit which character was the shortest speech on record, but it ized his boyhood days was carried into contained a wealth of information. In older life, but eventually he was prevailed May of 1918 the C. I. Bigney Construc upon to take his first real vacation. tion Company began the erection of a In the city of Providence today there manufacturing plant at Branch Village, are three structures in the process of con Rhode Island, for the Andrews Mills struction, a two-story jewelry factory and Company of Philadelphia. The plant was a two-story auto service station on Elbow entirely designed and engineered by the street. The building, eighty by three Bigney corporation and the structure, to hundred feet, one story, on Eddy street. gether with equipment, cost in the vicin The work is being done entirely on a ten ity of $600,000. At the present time the per cent, commission basis, as is all the plant has just begun operations and the contracts taken by the company. character of construction has attracted the Early in the present year Mr. Bigney attention of mill owners generally. came into possession of a mill at Wake Some idea of the growth of the C. I. field, Rhode Island, and today it is operat Bigney Construction Company under ing as a braid and shoestring manufac Charles Ira Bigney may be gleaned from tory with a value of $155,000. Charles Ira the fact that business has doubled and Bigney is president and treasurer of the tripled in the last five years. The returns concern, and it is known as the Braid & from the business have been large, and Lace Company of Rhode Island. The Mr. Bigney might well be considered a machines installed number more than six man of more than ordinary wealth today. hundred and fancy hat bands are also

25З ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY manufactured. It is somewhat of a new Government in Wales, and was a member of venture for Mr. Bigney, but it has been the Established Church in that country. a big success to date. Ebenezer and Elizabeth (Jones) Davis were As can be seen, the story of Mr. Big- the parents of the following children : Henry ney's career is an unusual one. His life Winter, born April 11, 1863; Joseph, born is one which might well be a model for January 17, 1865, died in October, 1898; others and it bears out the fact that per John A., with whose career we are here sistency brings success. He is a member especially concerned; James William, born of the Standard Oil Golf Club, West Side March 4, 1870, died in July, 1908; Marcus Club, Kiwanis Club, Reciprocity Club, Ebenezer, born August 24, 1872 ; Jane, born Chamber of Commerce and the Board January 10, 1875 ; and Sarah, born in 1878, of Trade. Also Business Men's clubs in died in infancy. Ebenezer Davis was en other cities. gaged in business as a coal mine operator at Youngstown, Ohio. He was a Congrega- DAVIS, John A., tionalist in religion, and in politics a Re publican. Paper Manufacturer. The childhood of John A. Davis was John A. Davis, for many years associated passed in his native city of Youngstown, with the paper industry of New York City, Ohio, and it was there that he secured his and at the time of his death vice-president education, attending for this purpose the of one of the largest paper distributing public schools. Upon completing his studies companies of the world, was a native of at these institutions, Mr. Davis engaged in Youngstown, Ohio, born May 16, 1867, his the paper and pulp business, in association death occurring while a passenger on board with the firm of Godfrey & Clark, of Pitts the Pennsylvania Limited, en route to Chi burgh; Pennsylvania, which became known cago, near Alliance, Ohio, December 18, not only throughout the United States, but 1918. Mr. Davis was a member of an old in Canada, and even did a large business in and highly respected family which had its London, England. Later Mr. Davis went origin in Wales, and was a son of Ebenezer to Berlin, New Hampshire, with the Glenn and Elizabeth (Jones) Davis, who were Manufacturing Company, and from there born in Glamorganshire, Wales, and came to New York City, where he became Aberystwith, South Wales, respectively. associated with the International Paper Mr. Davis' maternal grandfather was Henry Company of this place. In addition to this Jones, a native of Llanstephan, South great business, Mr. Davis was also asso Wales. Mr. Davis' maternal grandmother ciated with the General Paper Company of was Sarah Davies, who was born at Car Chicago, as sales manager, and the John A. marthen, November 13, 1810, and came to Davis Company of New York. He was also this country, where her death occurred in a partner and the vice-president of the Youngstown, Ohio, in 1887. She was a firm of H. G. Craig & Company, of No. $2 daughter of Evan and Sally (Morris) Vanderbilt avenue, New York, and presi Davies, of Shirgar, South Wales. Henry dent of the Craig-Becker Company, Inc., oi and Sarah (Davies) Jones were the parents New York ; and the Grand Lake Company, of the following children: John, Elizabeth, Inc., of New York. He was vice-president the mother of the Mr. Davis of this sketch, of the St. Croix Paper Company of Boston and Hannah, who were twins. Henry Jones and Woodland, Maine, and chairman of the was a collector of revenue for the British executive committee of the News Print Ser- 254

cwu¿/-s сЛЬо^сУ-: t-Ч^С ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY vice Bureau, of New York. In his handling His son Isaac married into the Lothrop of these many great interests, Mr. Davis family, as did also his daughter. A grand displayed extraordinary ability and a grasp son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Lothrop) Royce of practical affairs quite remarkable. He was Moses Royce, whose name was also won for himself among his business asso spelled Rice, and who received two com ciates a reputation as one of the most missions from King George III. as lieuten capable organizers and executives in this ant in 1767 and captain in 1768. He re line of business, and his reputation for sided at Wallingford, Connecticut, the mem absolute reliability and integrity was un bers of the Royce family having lived in questioned. Mr. Davis was a member of the the same house in that community from Pilgrim Society of the United States, the 1670 to 1868. Mrs. Davis was twice mar Ohio Society of New York, and the Na ried, and was the mother of one daughter tional Security League. His clubs were the by her first marriage, Amo P. Sessions, of Union League of New York, the Essex New York, born September 20, 1894, in County of West Orange, New Jersey, the Denver, Colorado. Mrs. Davis is descended Oakland Golf of Bayside, Long Island, and on the maternal side of the house from John the Rumson Country of Rumson, New Jer Lord, who came from Essex county, Eng sey. In his religious belief Mr. Davis was land, in 1635, and settled in this country, and a member of the Episcopal church, and at from Captain Richard Lord, whose epitaph tended St. Thomas' Church of that denom is the oldest in the ancient burial ground in ination at Fifth avenue and Fifty-third New London, dating from 1662. street, New York City. John A. Davis was united in marriage, MACKIE, David, June 16, 1910, at the Grosvenor, No. 37 Fifth avenue, New York, with Frances Representative Citizen. Lord (Rice) Sessions, like himself a native Mackie Arms — Argent, on a chevron between of Youngstown, Ohio, born September 10, a lion passant azure in chief and a raven in base 1868. Mrs. Davis, who survives her hus of the second, a tower of the first. band, is a daughter of Alfred Hall and Ada Crest — A hand holding a dagger proper. Motto — Labore (By labor). Louise (Lord) Rice, the former a promin ent real estate and life insurance agent at Scotland has never been one of the coun Youngstown, Ohio. The Rice family of tries that has sent her children in great num which Mrs. Davis is a member, is an old bers to the New World, there to form an English one, the name having originally element in the great race that has made been spelled Royce, and came from that America the melting-pot of the nations, country to America in 1634, settling in although in the Colonial period of our his Massachusetts. From there it later mi tory the emmigration was larger than it grated to Ohio, where Alfred Hall Rice, has ever since been. Nevertheless we may the father of Mrs. Davis, was born Janu boast of a fair strain of the Scotch blood ary 19, 1846. The first ancestor of the in our cosmopolitan life, a fair number of family in America was Robert Royce, whose her hardy sons have cast their lot with us, name we also find spelled Rose, who left and have contributed one of the best ele England in 1634 and landed at Boston. He ments to our body politic. A most worthy was a prominent member of the community representative of this race was the late of New London, where he settled, and was David Mackie, of North Andover, Massa a member of the General Assembly, in 1669. chusetts, who inherited the qualities of mind 255 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and body which were characteristic of the and when he attained his majority, in 1854, hardy stock from which have come so many he left his native country and came to the of the stronger and best Americans. New World, first locating in Lawrence, The death of David Mackie, which occur Massachusetts. He subsequently moved to red at his home in North Andover, Massa Littleton, New Hampshire, thence to South chusetts, February 19, 191 2, meant the pass Groveland, where he was for over quarter of ing away of a good father, a good husband, a century weaving overseer at Hale's Mills. and a good citizen, one whose warm heart He was considered a first class textile man, and public-spirited nature made him an im and kind and considerate to those in his portant factor in the community in which department. He resigned his position in he resided so many years. Mr. Mackie 1890, and removed to North Andover, proved to be a first class textile man, and where he resided until his death at the age displayed in his energetic life the same of seventy-seven years. Mr. Mackie was a sterling virtues and capabilities that make member of Charles P. Dame Lodge, Free his fellow countrymen so valuable a factor and Accepted Masons, of Georgetown, Mas in any community where they make their sachusetts. home. Just prior to coming to America he was It is a well known fact that Andover and united in marriage with Mary Cairns of North Andover, Massachusetts, are greatly Scotland. Mr. and Mrs. Mackie were the indebted to men of foreign birth, who at parents of eight children, as follows: 1. various periods of the history of these two William, born in Lawrence, Massachusetts. communities settled there, and whose sys 2. David, born in Littleton, New Hamp tematic course of industry and business in shire, died at the age of twenty-nine years. tegrity has aided materially to gain for these 3. Robert, born in Littleton, New Hamp two communities wealth and importance. shire, died at the age of forty-seven years. In this class of men Mr. Mackie most nat 4. Jennie, born in Littleton, New Hamp urally took his place. He was a man of shire. 5. Mary, born in Littleton, New broad veiws, and his sympathy for humanity Hampshire. 6. Annie, born in Littleton, was so broad that it extended to all who New Hampshire, died at the age of nine came in contact with him, and he seemed to teen years. 7. Helen, born in Littleton, understand the good in each, and left with New Hampshire, died at the age of two each of his friends the lasting impression years. 8. Arthur Andrew, born in South that he understood and appreciated them. Groveland, Massachusetts. David Mackie was born in Alva, Scot Since the death of her husband, Mrs. land, June 1, 1834, the son of William and Mackie has continued to reside at No. 81 Margaret (White) Mackie. He was the Second street, North Andover, Massachu youngest of eleven children, and the family setts. The virtues of Mr. Mackie were not from which he sprung was a very old one, less apparent in his family life than in his and well known in Scotland where it had relations with the outside world. His house its abode. His father, William Mackie, hold was made happier by his presence and was a native of Dumfries, Scotland, a de his own chief pleasure was found in the scendant of an ancient and distinguished intercourse of his home, where he proved Scotch Clan, being one of the oldest and to be the most devoted of husbands and most numerous of the Scotch Highlands. fathers. A man of rare nobility and use David Mackie spent his boyhood days in fulness of life, his personal characteristics Scotland, where he obtained his education, were wholly and very unusually attractive. 256 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

His fine character, sterling traits, kindly fields in Fayette county, West Virginia, •ways and cordial manner won and retained as manager of the Quinnimont Coal Com for him many friends who scarcely realized pany. Later, when that company was re of how much value he was to them until he organized, Mr. Boyce became one of its was taken away. largest stockholders and continued its He was the possessor of a natural apti manager for sixteen years. The company tude for weaving textiles and a fixed de prospered under his management and be termination to succeed in whatever he at came known as the largest and most suc tempted. His faithful industry, methodical cessful coal operators in the New River habits, sound judgment and old fashioned district, while Mr. Boyce was classed with Scotch integrity were qualities which his the successful coal operators of the State, fellow-men could not fail to recognize and and a mining authority on both coal and appreciate. He was a man of whom any iron. In 1893 his ability was recognized community might justly be proud and whose by his appointment as commissioner in memory it should cherish. charge of the United States Coal and Iron Exhibit at the World's Fair held at Chicago. This position he filled with great BOYCE, Darwin Covert, credit to himself, and his expert knowl edge of mining in all its detail was fully Leader in Coal Industry, Civil War Veteran. proven by the success which attended this Although a native son of New York exhibit, showing as it did in detail the State, Darwin C. Boyce, of Charleston, manner and methods of American mining. West Virginia, spent more than half a Mr. Boyce acquired large interests in century of his life in that State, and many the coal fields, and gave them his indi of those years as principal owner and man vidual attention for many years, but .fin ager of the Quinnimont Coal Company, ally failing health warned him to desist whose properties were at Quinnimont, in and he disposed of his holdings in the Fayette county. In 1902, he moved with Quinnimont Coal Company's stock to his family to Charleston, where he resid William Beury of Shamokin, Pennsylva ed until his death, February 3, 1919, aged nia, other stockholders joining him in seventy-three. disposing of their stock. With the sale of Darwin C. Boyce was born in Ovid his coal stocks, Mr. Boyce retired from Center, a village of Seneca county, New active participation in coal operations. He York, twenty miles from Geneva, Janu returned to Charleston, where he spent ary 14, 1846, son of Fulcom Boyce. He his declining years, caring for his private obtained a good education in the local landed interests. He owned considerable schools and business college, and for sev improved property in the city, including eral years after finishing his studies was the Elk Hotel, and for a number of years employed in different localities, until under the old Pritchard management he finally coming to Parkersburg, district of served the Charleston National Bank as West Virginia, locating in the White Oak a director. He was a member of the Be coal fields. After his marriage, in 1874, nevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Mr. Boyce located in Charleston, West serving for a time as a member of the Virginia, where he entered the employ of board of trustees, and it was through the the Pioneer Coal Company, as head book Elks and the Salvation Army he distrib keeper, remaining in that position several uted his charity. He was a warm friend years, until going to the New River coal of the Salvation Army and greatly aided 257 А. В.— 6-17 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

the work of that most valuable organiza White was a son of William H. White, a tion. native of England, who as a child came to During the Civil War, Mr. Boyce en this country to join an elder brother, who listed and served in the Union army, and was engaged in operating a calico print for a number of years was a member of works at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He re the Grand Army of the Republic. In pol mained there a number of years, when he itics he was a Democrat, but never held removed to Pawtucket, in the early forties, nor desired political office, in fact, he nev where he followed the same line of business er sought the public eye. He was most until his retirement. He died in 1874. Wil self-effacing, but his merits and his vir liam H. White married Mary Waugh, a tues could not be hid, and his many sister of the Rev. John Waugh. a noted friends testify of his ability and his fine Presbyterian divine, of New York State. character. He was of forceful character Both Mr. White, Sr., and his wife are now and decided mind, always having the deceased. courage of his convictions and not afraid David J. White received his early educa to follow where his judgment led. He was tion in the public schools of his native town, not easily swerved from his purpose af his studies there being supplemented by ter arriving at a decision, but notwith private tuition, and at an early age he en standing his decision of character he was gaged upon a business career in which he kindly hearted, and was well liked, stand has been highly successful. As a young ing high in the esteem of his business as man he conducted a weekly newspaper in sociates. In fact, friends and competitors his native city, known as the Pawtucket acknowledged his sterling worth and the "Record- Visitor," of which he was the pro unvarying integrity of his purpose. prietor and his wife the editor. He was Mr. Boyce married, March 10, 1874, identified for many years with the financial Bettie Dils, who survives him, daughter administration of various corporations in of William and Margaret (Logan) Dils, this part of the State, and was very success of Parkersburg, West Virginia, and ful in this field of operation. Later he granddaughter of Henry Logan, who is conducted successfully for a number of said to have erected the first brick build years an insurance brokerage business, ing in Parkersburg. Mrs. Boyce con making a deep study of insurance, being in tinues her residence in Charleston, that tensely interested in this fascinating subject, city also the residence of her only son, and was an authority on all its branches, Fred W. Boyce, recently honorably dis particularly that of life insurance. About charged from the United States army. the year 1913, Mr. White was offered a position by the Aetna Life Insurance Com WHITE, David J., pany, to take charge of its life insurance business in this State, and he devoted him Insurance Actuary, Legislator. self to the development and building up of David J. White, who was a prominent the company's activities here. In this line and highly esteemed business man of the he met with marked success and was re city of Providence, and one of the most garded as one of the substantial business active and public spirited citizens of East men of the city. Greenwich, where he made his home, was By instinct a public man, it was but nat a native of this State, having been born ural to find Mr. White interested in all that October 10, 1856, at Pawtucket, and died pertained to the general welfare of the January 31, 1919, at East Greenwich. Mr. community. He was many times honored 258

Д^г//^^1- ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY with public offices, and performed the duties with Senator Colt and Congressman Stiness, incumbent upon him in a manner which the Republican organization of East Green- rendered great satisfaction to his constitu which refused to nominate him. He then ents. His career was one to cause him deep went before the people as the Citizens' can satisfaction in the retrospect, and to awaken didate on nomination papers, but was de pride in the hearts of his friends. Mr. feated by eighty-four votes, a fact which White served as clerk of the Common Coun speaks highly for his great personal pop cil of Pawtucket, of which he later held ularity, when it is considered that he had to the office of president ; was a member of the oppose himself to the State organization. Board of Aldermen, and chairman of the This popularity was based on the firm foun Board of Assessors. In 1891-92 he rep dation of good service through a long period resented Pawtucket in the State Legislature, of years, and it would be difficult to point to while from 1901 to 1912, inclusive, he was a figure in recent State affairs who has clerk of the Rhode Island Senate. He was done more and deserves better of his fellow- connected for a number of years with the citizens than David J. White throughout his Custom House at Providence, but resigned long career of service. the post ; was deputy railroad commissioner Mr. White was a lifelong Republican in from May 4, 1907, until the creation of the politics, and the qualities of manliness, public utilities commission when the office frank manners, and his sterling and upright was abolished. Mr. White was also mod attitude won for him the cordial liking and erator of the village of East Greenwich, to admiration of hundreds of men with whom which place he had moved in 1909, and dur he dealt. In his younger days Mr. White ing the years 1913-18, inclusive, represented was very active in athletic sports, and was this place in the Legislature. In the years one of the charter members of the Black- 1915 and 1916 he was deputy speaker, and stone Boat Club of Pawtucket, where he was most admirably fitted for this position, was noted as an expert sculler. He was all of his public utterances being character the winner on many occasions of matches in ized by clear and decisive thinking, while singles. Mr. White was also well known his appearance in the speaker's chair was in musical circles here, and enjoyed a very one of great dignity and impressiveness. enviable reputation as a basso. He studied Mr. White always commanded the profound for many years under the famous Myron respect and attention of his colleagues, as W. Whitney, and Mr. Whitney expressed a well as of the community-at-large, and gave warm admiration for his pupil's fine voice. fully of his time and energy in the service Mr. White was the proud owner, and just of a more or less appreciative public. His ly so, of a beautiful farm located at French- record in the Legislature was a brilliant town, East Greenwich, which is known as one, and he was always found upon the the "Brigg's Farm." The house is about right side. Mr. White was exceedingly two hundred and fifty years old, and was interested in the question of war Prohibi repaired under the supervision of Mrs. tion, and it was owing to his clear advoca White, who was extremely careful to pre tion of this policy that his membership in serve the original style, so that now, to the Legislature was brought to an end. In the lover of antiques, it is a most pleasing the fall of 1918 he was a candidate for the site. Among the furnishings are many old State Senate in place of Senator N. G. Car and valued heirlooms, quite in keeping with penter, who declined to run, but because the house itself. A handsome library con he stood so definitely for war prohibition taining many rare books and ancient records 259 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was the proud possession of its owner. Mr. of the most able men who ever represent White took the keenest enjoyment in his ed the State of Delaware in that body, he home, which was his club. retired to a judgeship of the United Mr. White married, October 3, 1888, at States Circuit Court. He did not surren Pawtucket, Lillian A. Kearns, of Greenwich, der his place in the public life of the New York, a daughter of Alexander and nation, but as a member of commissions Catharine (Ward) Kearns, old and highly and arbitration he has gained an addi respected residents of that place. Mrs. tional prominence as a far-sighted, pro White is a newspaper writer of much ability, found, and enlightened statesman and and is well known in this region. jurist. His services have been freely call Mr. White was a strong, resolute man, ed by President Wilson during the war with the courage of his convictions. High period, 1914-1918, and great has been the ideals in business, politics and home life value of his wisdom, judgment, and ex went to make him a much loved and re perience as arbitrator between the United spected man. For thirty-five years he was States and other nations. Judge Gray a leader in politics, and served the com perhaps never rendered his fellow citi munities he was identified with in a most zens and his fellowmen of every nation a practical manner. To a friend with whom greater service than as a member of the he was discussing politics Mr. White once Taft Peace Conference of 191 5, wherein said, "I would rather be defeated on my originated "The League to Enforce principles than elected on compromise." His Peace," the forerunner of the "League home life was ideal, amid ideal surround of Nations," which shall bring peace and ings, and in Mrs. White he had an incom everlasting benefit to a tortured war- parable partner, for they made united efforts weary world. in caring for and developing their common George Gray is a lineal descendant oí interests and in enjoying their mutual pleas William Gray, who was born in Ireland, ures. Mr. White's death, which came at and died on shipboard while coming from a time when his mental and physical pow Belfast to found a home in this country. ers seemed to be at their highest, was the A son of William Gray survived and was result of influenza, of which dread plague cared for by his guardian, Andrew Cald he was one more victim. Rhode Island well, of Delaware, a prominent Revolu has lost a devoted citizen and an exemp tionary leader, young William Gray later lary business man. marrying his guardian's daughter. Their grandson was Andrew C. Gray, a success ful lawyer of great force, who later be GRAY, George, A. M., LL.D., came a leading business man of Delaware Jurist, Diplomatist. and a potent factor in canal and railroad By a life of high public service Judge building in the State. Andrew C. Gray Gray has demonstrated strong ability, married Elizabeth Schofield, of Stamford, deep learning, broad vision, and sound Connecticut, daughter of Frederick and judgment, all reinforced by a public spir Maria (Starr) Schofield, her mother be it and patriotism that has enabled him ing a daughter of Colonel George Starr. to well serve his day and generation in They were the parents of George Gray, State, national and international affairs. of Delaware, jurist and statesman. When, after fourteen years of leadership George Gray was born in New Castle, in the Senate of the United States, one Delaware, May 4, 1840, and is now (1919) 260 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY a resident of the city of Wilmington, in In 1885 he was elected United States his native State. His boyhood training Senator from Delaware to succeed Mr. tended to develop a strong and robust Bayard, who resigned to become Secre body, for living by the Delaware he be tary of State, and he served in that capac came a good riverman, and his father's ity uninterruptedly until 1899, having railroad associations gave him an oppor completed the unexpired term of Mr. Bay tunity to learn the practical side of rail ard and two full terms to which he was roading. Hence he could be seen in those thereafter elected. In the Senate he took earlier years at the throttle of a locomo his place easily among the Democratic tive and at the tiller of a sail craft, equal leaders, and his service was marked by ly at home in either place. Preparatory great distinction. Possibly the most not courses finished, he entered Princeton able instance of this was during the ad College as a junior, and in 1859 was &rad- ministration of President Harrison, when uated A. B. at the head of his class. He the Force Bill was pressed forward by the began the study of law with his father in administration to the end of establishing New Castle, finishing his study at Har Republican supremacy and practical ne vard Law School. In 1863 he was award gro domination in the South. It was gen ed the degree A. M., by Princeton Col erally believed that the bill would pass lege, and the same year was admitted to and the Republican Senators were collect the Delaware bar. He practiced law in ed in the chamber for the final vote when New Castle, 1863-1881, and during that Senator Gray took the floor and made a period rose to a commanding position at speech against the bill, continuing for the Delaware bar. The county seat hav three days, which was not only a masterly ing been then removed to Wilmington, he argument upon the questions involved, moved to that city. As a counsellor he but was generally acknowledged on both inspired confidence and respect, and in sides of the Senate to have given the his presentation of causes to the court and measure its death blow. He not only jury he was eloquent and effective. His discussed the constitutional questions in success as a lawyer led to his introduc volved with force and ability, but it was tion to the public service, and since 1879, fully recognized that he had rendered a when he was appointed Attorney-General signal service to the Southern states by of the State of Delaware, he has never contributing perhaps more than any oth been out of the public eye, and that ap er member of the body to serve that sec pointment was made forty years ago. Dur tion from the ruinous consequences of ing his six years as Attorney-General he such legislation. tried many important cases and did not Another notable speech in the Senate hesitate when it was necessary to break was upon the Hawaiian question in sup new ground and to make precedents. port of President Cleveland's policy in Such was the indictment of the Baltimore the Islands. During his fourteen years' & Ohio Railroad Company, the first time service in the Senate he always took a in the history of the State that a corpo leading position in the discussion of the ration was indicted. Against such forces tariff. His contention was that high tar as a powerful corporation can always as iff laws conferred special privileges and semble, he contended successfully, the tended to foster monopolies ; that they be company was convicted and an exemplary came oppressive to the agricultural in fine was imposed by the court. terests which could receive none of the

261 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

benefits but must endure all the hard dustrial peace were Judge Gray's services ships. After his senatorial career ex during the years 1902-1903. His unof pired in 1899, he was appointed United ficial service as an arbitrator between la State Circuit Judge, Third Judicial Cir bor and capital was not undertaken un cuit, a high position from which he re der any strictly legal warrant but solely signed. When, in 1896, the free silver upon the initiative of the President, of doctrines of Mr. Bryan and his friends whose action in the matter Judge Gray swung the Democratic party from its expressed himself publicly as believing moorings, Senator Gray refused that lead that the President was then confronted ership, but, as did President Cleveland, "by a crisis more grave and threatening joined with the National (Gold Stand than any that had occurred since the Civil ard) Democrats, and supported the Palm War," and deserved "unstinted credit for er and Buckner ticket. what he did." At the suggestion of the A part of his Senatorial career was his President he became the leading member appointment by President McKinley, in and chairman of the Anthracite Arbitra 1898, as a member of the Canadian Joint tion Commission, which settled the great High Commission which adjusted numer coal strike of 1902. The result of this ous vexed questions affecting our rela arbitration was to send back to labor at tions with Canada. He was also chosen increased wages and under better living by President McKinley a member of the conditions more than 170,000 miners. The permanent Court of Arbitration at The fairness and broad human sympathy Hague, and in this country presided at shown by Judge Gray in the hearings be one of the great unofficial gatherings held fore the commission and the award which to promote international peace, and there followed them, gained for him the affec made a wonderful and forceful address. tion and absolute confidence of John At the close of the Spanish War, after Mitchell and every coal miner in the coun hostilities had been suspended by an ar try, and at the same time won the respect mistice, Senator Gray was appointed one and acquiescence of the mine owners. of the members of the Peace Commission Hundreds of industries which were being which met in Paris to negotiate a treaty slowly strangled by the strike received between the United States and Spain. As new life, and general prosperity succeeded a member of that commission he opposed industrial depression. the proposition to assume sovereignty Following the successful adjustment over the Philippines, and expressed his of the anthracite dispute, Judge Gray was views in cogent dispatch to Secretary chosen virtually sole arbitrator of the Al Hays. But unwilling to present to the abama Coal Strike Commission, in Au world the spectacle of divided councils, gust, 1903; and he was also the sole ar and possibly cause a continuance of the bitrator in a dispute between the Illi war, he signed the treaty, an example nois mining operators and their work which Senators of every day might well men. In all these cases his decisions emulate. Since that time he has urged ended the controversies, were accepted by the importance of promoting and extend both sides, and resulted in sending the ing to the Philippines the right of self- men back to work. During the course government under proper conditions as of these proceedings he indicated a keen soon as it can be safely done. sensibility with respect to wrongs inflict Not less valuable as a promoter of in ed by the powerful upon the poor and the 262 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY helpless. It was this characteristic that Three questions of unusual interest to prompted him in the course of the anthra Americans are personal liberty, a free cite strike inquiry to declare vigorously press, and labor union. On these ques against child labor conditions in Pennsyl tions Judge Gray has expressed himself in vania, and as the result of the merciless former years so forcibly that they to inquiry instituted by him the child labor day are of double value. laws of that State were changed. Night In his address on the Fourth of July, labor for girls in factories was abolished 1903, at Wilkes-Barre, to an audience and boys under sixteen years of age pro composed largely of miners who had just hibited from working in anthracite coal subscribed to the arbitration of the An mines. thracite Coal Strike Commission, he said : During the years 1903-1910 his public service was mostly as a jurist, although The lesson which I trust we have learned has he was outspoken on all public questions in some respects been a painful one, but I would of national importance. He strongly fain believe it is worth all that it has cost, and that out of the travail of the past a brighter championed the cause of "inland water and happier day has been born. Unless my judg ways." He presided at a meeting which ment is at fault and my faith unfounded, labor proved to be the initial step in the com unions will soon have passed through their period prehensive project of developing the nat of trial and tribulation and will emerge on a ural water courses of the country. In an bright and sunlit plain, where true American character, the fruit of the American individual address before the Board of Trade of Wil liberty that had its new birth on the day we cele mington, referring to this general move brate, will illustrate the worth of our institu ment, he said with respect to that part of tions, and make perpetual for us and our poster it then under consideration : ity the blessings of civil and religious liberty. Purging themselves of every anti-social and un We should be able in time of necessity to worthy element, recognizing in others the rights send our warships from Boston to Georgia or to they claim for themselves, with malice toward Florida, or what is still more palpable and im none and charity toward all, subordinate to law, portant, from the waters of Long Island Sound with a full sense of their responsibilities as down across New Jersey and across the Dela American citizens, and making their appeal to ware peninsula to the capital at Washington. the public of the country, as our fathers made While we are spending our millions in so many their appeal, they will be held in the time to come different directions, what expenditure can be so by employer and employed as powerful coad fruitful in return or can so build up the strength jutors in the maintainance of American ideals of of our commercial interests? free government among men. I am encouraged In 1903, Judge Gray was chosen the in all this by the recent experience of the manner in which those engaged in your great and domi Fourth of July orator at a great celebra nant industry have in the main received the tion held in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, award of the arbitral tribunal by which they his speech on that occasion distinguished agreed to stand. Mine workers, as well as em for its true Americanism, apt statement of ployers, whose differences were submitted to ar fundamental, political principles, and re bitration, have maintained their self respect by manly adherence to their plighted faith. No dis ligious and political tolerance. A speech appointment as to results has served to shake, made by Attorney-General Gray, in 1880, so far as I know, the determination of those men before the Democratic National Conven to make good their word and deserve the encour tion, placing in nomination for the presi agement they have so abundantly received from dency Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware, is a sober public opinion. preserved in a volume of "Great Speech It is individual liberty — not class liberty, not es on Great Issues." guild or society liberty that our fathers fought 263 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY for and established on this great continent The of the Carnegie Peace Foundation, and right to your home; the right to go and come; still retains that office. On May 17, 1915, the right to worship God according to the dictates President Wilson appointed Judge Gray of your own conscience; the right to work or not to work, and the right to be exempt from as arbitrator on the part of the United interference with others in the enjoyment of States to act in conjunction with a like those rights ; the right to be exempt from tyranny arbitrator to be appointed by the govern of one man or of a few ; the right to so live that ment of Great Britain to adjust differ no man or set of men shall work his or their ences which may hereafter arise between will on you against your consent. This is liberty worth living for. It is liberty worth dying for. the two countries. Up to 19 17 there And it was this blessed inheritance that has have been some thirty treaties of this come to us from the fathers and which means character entered into between as many to us all that it meant to them. While it is countries. Judge Gray was a member of maintained, all things are possible that tend to the Peace Conference called by Kx-Presi- the expansion, the development, prosperity and glory of our common country. Under the folds dent Taft in 191 5, from which conference of our dear flag I fondly believe this liberty will came on December 19 of that year the live forever among us. That is what our flag League to Enforce Peace. He was also means to us, and that, as it floats over the land in that year chairman of the United States and over the sea, is its message that it delivers Delegation to the second Pan-American to all of the toiling millions in other lands. Scientific Congress. On August 23, 1916, A free and untrammeled press is a potent influ he was chosen by President Wilson one ence for good. It is a reflex of the public opin of the three United States commissioners ion, which, on the other hand, it helps to mould to meet three Mexican commissioners for and direct. We all live today under its calcium light, and the growing sense of responsibility on the purpose of adjusting differences be the part of those who conduct it is new ground tween the United States and Mexico aris for hopefulness as to the future. We sometimes ing from the border troubles. For a num resent its invasion of our privacy, its mistakes ber of years he was regent of the Smith and false judgments, and in our anger at the sonian Institution, and is the present individual offender we are apt to forget the beneficence of the institution and think we pay chairman of its executive committee. a very high price for the untrammeled freedom President Cleveland seriously consider of the press. But do not let us forget that we ed the name of George Gray for Chief Jus have received an hundredfold return for the tice of the Supreme Court of the United price we have paid. Through it mainly does pub States. He was earnestly recommended lic opinion exert its salutary influence, and for that position by his colleagues of the through it largely are exploited the true de fenses of the individualism and personal liberty Senate without distinction of party, but on which I have dealt so much. This public political expediency prevailed against opinion, to the arbitrament of which we must all him, although there was no question rais in the end submit, is the outcome of the char ed as to his eminent fitness for that high acter, judgment and daily conduct of communi place. In 1904, Judge Gray was Dela ties like this. ware's choice for the Presidency, and In 1910 Judge Gray was appointed a again in 1908 he was placed in nomina member of the Tribunal of the North At tion by his native State. But Delaware lantic Coast Fisheries Arbitration at The being so small a State had few votes in Hague, and on that tribunal and later he the conventions of either party, and again has added to the fame won in earlier years party expediency operated against him. as a promoter of international peace. In While Judge Gray came into prominence 191 5 he was appointed one of the trustees as Attorney-General of the State of Del

264 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY aware, his service has been rendered to John P. and Almira (Crosman) Sutherland. the country at large and not to a single His paternal grandparents were Daniel and State. Of this character were the duties Anna (Adams) Sutherland, while his ma of his senatorial and diplomatic as well as ternal grandparents were Jesse and Charity of his judicial career, and essentially were (Goddard) Crosman. On both his maternal the services rendered by him as arbitra and paternal sides, Mr. Sutherland is de tor, whether in labor dispute or in respect scended from old and respected New Eng to international questions. In 1889, Prince land families. Mr. Sutherland's father, ton University conferred upon him John P. Sutherland, early in life learned the honorary degree, LL.D., and in 1903 the shoe-makers trade, making shoes by Yale University conferred the same hon hand. He was twice married, his first wife or. He is a man of generosity, endowed dying, leaving one son, John A., Jesse T. physically as mentally, standing over six Sutherland being one of four children born feet in height, deep-chested, with a strong, of the second marriage. He was educated intellectual face. Kindly in manner, digni in the public schools of Durham, Maine, fied, yet companionable, he is of that type and at the Oak Grove Seminary at Vassal- of man whose self reliance and power of boro, Maine. After leaving school he came initiative match well the personal quali to Lynn, Massachusetts, and started work ties named, and combine to produce one making shoes. It was not necessary for of the greatest of Delawareans. him to serve the regular term of apprentice Judge Gray married (first) in 1870, ship usually necessary to learn this trade, Harriet L. Black. He married (second) as long association with his father, who in 1882, Margaret J. Black. was a skilled shoemaker, and his natural mechanical ability, enabled him to soon mas SUTHERLAND, Jesse Thomas, ter the many details of that business. He would bring the stock for the making of the Retired Manufacturer. shoes home from the factory and make the Among the citizens of Lynn, Massachu shoes at home, being paid so much per shoe. setts, who have achieved distinction in The concern he first made shoes for in business entitling them to be placed among Lynn stood on the site of the present Lynn the representative men of the community, City Hall, and was owned by the Johnstons, there are many whose quiet perseverence in while his boarding house stood on the a particular pursuit, while it excites little ground now occupied by the Lynn Public notice from the great masses as the years Library. At that time, Lynn had a popula pass by, results in elevating them to posi tion of about eighteen thousand inhabitants, tions enviable in the eyes of their fellow and Mr. Sutherland has watched, with great citizens, and as lasting as well-merited. In pride and interest, the growth of his adopt this class may be placed Jesse Thomas ed city. Sutherland, who has gained a success in After working for various firms in Lynn, life that is not measured by financial pros in the making of shoes, Mr. Sutherland de perity alone, but is gauged by the friends cided to go into business for himself, and he has made and kept and by the congenial his first venture in business for himself was associations that go to satisfy man's in the heel business, furnishing the stock kaleidoscopic nature. and putting on heels for other firms. Later Jesse T. Sutherland was born at Free- he, with his brother, D. A. Sutherland, be port, Maine, February 13, 1837, a son of gan the manufacture of shoes, complete, 265 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY under the firm name of J. T. and D. A. tive business for almost fifteen years, he is Sutherland, shoe manufacturers, which today still well posted on all topics and partnership continued for about two years, important subjects of the day. when the partnership being dissolved, Mr. Sutherland went into business alone, in the BETTS, Edward, shoe findings business, which business he conducted until his retirement in 1905. In Manufacturer, Legislator. his long identification with the leather in Abraham Lincoln in all his career, a ca dustry of Lynn, Mr. Sutherland made many reer so filled with big events, with trials and lasting friends and admirers, and upon his triumphs, with sorrow mingled, and then retirement from business to enjoy a well with a saving humor, had no keener dis earned rest, he took with him the well appointment than when the plan for free wishes of all with whom he had come in ing the slaves in Delaware failed. With contact. After his retirement from active it had failed the highest hope of ending the business activities, Mr. Sutherland spent Civil War without further bloodshed. Pres about a year in California and since he has ident Lincoln was satisfied that the pur traveled extensively not only throughout the chase of the slaves from their owners was United States, but has visited London, the best and most humane way of entering Paris, Nice, Venice, Rome and other Euro the war. Delaware being the smallest State pean cities and points of interest. As a and having the fewest slaves of any State in conversationalist, Mr. Sutherland is very in the Union, the President said: "If I can get teresting and instructive, as he recounts the this plan started in Delaware I have no many interesting experiences he has gone fear but that all the other border states will through during his long and active career accept it." But there was one man, and he in Lynn, and it is especially interesting and elected as a political friend of Lincoln's, instructive to learn from him about the who insistently stood in the way and defeat various cities and countries which he has ed the plan in the Delaware Legislature visited in his travels. Mr. Sutherland is one which President Lincoln believed would of Lynn's oldest Masons, having become a have saved thousands of lives and millions Mason over fifty-five years ago, and one of of treasures. his most prized possessions is a beautiful During the three days' fight in the House, charm presented to him by the Masons at Edward Betts, of Wilmington, led the the time he had completed fifty years' forces for Lincoln, and the records show membership in that great fraternity. that he exercised much skill and parliamen Jesse T. Sutherland married (first) Em tary knowledge in bringing discomfort to ma L. Porter, of Boston, who died, leaving the enemy. To meet ever)' section of the one son, Chauncy A. Sutherland, of Lynn, hostile resolution he presented an amend who married Georgia E. Potter. They have ment, either praising Lincoln or condemn three children : Jesse, Esther and Roger W. ing the stand of his anti-emancipation op After the death of his first wife, Jesse T. ponents. He took advantage of every op Sutherland married Margaret H. (Thurs portunity to force his foes on record and to ton) Lincoln, widow of John Lincoln. uphold Lincoln's hands. So earnest, in Mr. Sutherland, although now well past deed, was Mr. Betts, that in advocating the the allotted three score and ten, is a man of cause of the North he brought to himself remarkable soundness of mind and vision, the unusual experience of seeing his own and although he has been retired from ac effigy hanging from a tree at Middletown 266 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

as he rode on a railroad train to Dover. the war and Mr. Bett's enlistment in the It was the bitterness engendered by the service of the people when there was a fight for supremacy of State over nation call for men of capacity and ideals to purge that brought forth such an unseemly dem the Legislature of its corruption and its onstration. It was in no sense personal, lottery lobby, and bring the commonwealth for Mr. Betts was one of the most re in line with Lincoln's exalted arm. This spected and beloved of Delawareans, a man meant that he must oppose slavery, and, if of the highest probity who gave character the Union could be held together in no and dignity to every undertaking that en other way, then war. So when Lincoln gaged his attention. He was a member of saw no other sure method — after exhaust the Society of Friends of the Hicksite ing all other means— Mr. Betts voted to sup branch, by no means a belligerent, but he port the administrations war measures, and had that splendid type of courage that, in doing so he again faced the discipline of coupled with a fine sense of discrimination, his new "Meeting" connection and was held him constant and firm to whatever he once more turned adrift, so to speak. Such discerned to be right. This kept him ever an experience is most unusual for a man on the alert to uphold Lincoln in the huge who truly loved his neighbor as himself, and task the great war President had set him. at heart was at peace with all mankind. Dr. Mr. Betts was for many years the only John A. Moore also long survived the surviving member of that historic Delaware stormy session of the 1862 Legislature, and House of Representatives, he reaching the the two met in occasional reminiscent re great age of four score years and ten. In unions, and lived again the period of the latter day reminiscent moods he often re- Civil War. And they often exchanged let fered to those stormy legislative times, and ters recalling some incident or another of smiled amusedly when he looked back to the time when party feeling ran high and those events which had seemed so real and the little State of Delaware seemed afire vital to the nation, but which, in their turn, with hate. But for many, many years Mr. had passed into the limbo of almost forgot Betts was the sole, surviving figure of that ten things, and had been succeeded by other memorable contest. problems. He learned as all have been Edward Betts descended in direct line taught by experience that there is always a from Captain Richard Betts, who came question to be solved, that, "the times" do from Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England, not for a moment stand still. to Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 1648, and in Mr. Betts, a few years before his passing 1652 joined a party going to Newtown, Long away, told how in his more combatative Island. There he acquired great promin days he had been read out of two "Meet ence, his name appearing on every page of ings," and yet no one could see in his kindly Newtown's history. He was a member of the face, lighted by his love for right and his New York Provincial Assembly, was high faith in the Infinite, any token that could sheriff, magistrate, and a bitter opponent of have won such a reprimand. But he ex Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch ancestor of the plained that his wife was of "the other" colony. He was a large landowner and, it is (Orthodox) branch of Friends, and as he said, dug his own grave in his one hundredth had married "out of the Meeting" he was year. This grave was within sight of the obliged to turn elsewhere to worship, and "Old Betts House," and in 171 3 he was subsequently united with the "Meeting" of carried from the house to his grave. No which his wife was a member. Then came headstone marks the spot but this is ac 267 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY counted for by the fact that his sons were Rachel (Bye) Betts, married, in 1787, Han members of the Society of Friends, and nah Paxson, daughter of Benjamin and abjured gravestones. Captain Richard Betts Deborah (Taylor) Paxson. Their children was accompanied from England by his wife, were: Rachel, Deborah, neither of whom Johanna, and in this branch descent is married ; Benjamin, Mahlon, of further traced through their second son, Thomas. mention; and Charles. In 1812 the entire Thomas Betts is described in the records family moved to Wilmington, Delaware, as "Gentleman," and it is known that he where Jesse Betts started in business as a used the coat-of-arms of the Betts family contractor and builder. Among the many of Woodhouse, near Wetherden, County buildings which he erected was the Meeting Suffolk, England. He married, in 1682, House at the corner of Fourth and West Mercy Whitehead, daughter of Mayer streets. Daniel Whitehead, and lived on a portion Mahlon Betts,, son of Jesse and Hannah of the old Betts homestead, sitting as a (Paxson) Betts; learned the carpenter's magistrate until his death. trade with his father, and later, in partner Thomas (2) Betts, son of Thomas and ship with his brother, Benjamin, conducted Mercy (Whitehead) Betts, was born in a building business for a few years. Mahlon Newtown, Long Island, August 14, 1689. Betts then bought a small iron foundry, and He married (first) May 5, 1713, Susanna later, in partnership with Samuel Pusey, Stevenson, who died March 25, 1723. On began car building. This firm afterwards October io, 1727, Thomas (2) Betts bought was engaged in the building of iron steam a farm in Chesterfield township, Burling boats, they the pioneers in that line of busi ton county, New Jersey, and there located. ness in the United States. This venture He married (second) about 1725, Susanna was the foundation of the great ship and Field, daughter of Nathan and Patience engine building firm, the Harlan & Hol- (Bull) Field. Between 1742 and 1746 he lingsworth Company, of Wilmington. moved to Newtown, Bucks county, Penn Mahlon Betts married, in 1818, Mary Seal, sylvania, where he died May 31, 1747. daughter of Joshua and Lydia (Richards) Zachariah Betts, son of Thomas (2) and Seal, and they were the parents of: Lydia, his second wife, Susanna (Field) Betts, Emily, Edward, William, Thomas, Joshua, was born October 17, 1736. He was an Alfred, and Mary Betts. expert cabinet maker, and resided in Bucks The foregoing are the six generations of county, Pennsylvania, all his life, dying at the family founded by Captain Richard his own farm of 217 acres, in Upper Wake Betts, who preceded Edward Betts, of Wil field township, February 24, 1808. During mington, Delaware, to whose memory this the earlier years of the Revolution and just review is dedicated. He was of the seventh prior to the crossing of the Delaware on American generation, eldest son of Mahlon Christmas night, a number of Washington's and Mary (Seal) Betts, and was born in officers were quartered at Zachariah Betts' Wilmington, May 17, 1825, died in the city home, his farm being but a few miles from of his birth, at his residence, No. 704 West the place of the crossing. Washington street, March 26, 1917. As a lad, Edward often stopped at the house and Mr. Betts Betts attended Samuel Smith's school, that often acted as his guide in locating roads. then being one of Wilmingtons famous Zachariah Betts married, June 7, 1764, educational institutions. He completed his Rachel Bye, of Buckingham, Pennsylvania. studies at Poughkeepsie Academy (New Jesse Betts, eldest son of Zachariah and York), then became his father's assistant 268

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY in the iron foundry. Before finally settling and Mrs. Betts were the parents of six chil down to a business life Edward Betts, fol dren: William, who married Alice Pennell lowing the custom of the young men of Brown, of Brooklyn ; Edward Tatnall, died the time, went on an extensive sight-seeing young; Elizabeth, who married Aller Me- tour of the Eastern states with his com gear, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Ed panion, his brother, William Betts. They ward Tatnall, who married Harriet King also visited Niagara Falls, but as railroads Sparks, of Wilmington, Delaware ; Emily, were then few, most of their traveling was died young; Mary Seal Betts, married Pe done on horseback, and by canal boat. Af ter T. Wright, of Wilmington, Delaware. ter his return to Wilmington, he was again Thus a wonderful life of ninety-two associated with his father for a time, but years was passed, its record unmarred by in 1847 he started in business for himself. spot or blemish. His influence was bene This was the beginning of a long, success ficial, and his circle of usefulness was very ful and prosperous career. In i860 he wide. No good cause but had in him a formed a partnership with his brother, champion, and no evil but found in him a Alfred, and established the firm of E. & A. determined foe. He dealt justly by all men, Betts, machinists. Under his able manage and left the world better for his having ment this concern became one of the best lived in it. known business enterprises of Wilmington. In 1879 the business was reorganized and BANCROFT, Samuel, Jr., incorporated as the Betts Machine Com pany, and from that date until 191 7 that Manufacturer, Eminent Citizen. company pursued its successful, prosperous For three quarters of a century, 1840- career, being then sold to the E. I. Dupont 191 5, Samuel Bancroft, Jr., was known to Company. the people of Wilmington, Delaware, and In addition to his connection of half a from the age of sixteen was connected century with the Betts Machine shops, Ed with the cotton industry of that city. Dur ward Betts was connected with many of the ing the last quarter of a century of his business, financial and public activities of life he was the dominating factor in af Wilmington. He was president of the First fairs of Joseph Bancroft & Sons Company, National Bank of Wilmington, 1864-1892; and under his executive management that president of the Wilmington Coal & Gas company became one of the two or three Company, 1881-1901 ; president of the Wil largest manufacturing concerns in the mington Board of Trade, 1868-1870; presi State of Delaware. This position and his dent of the Fountain Society; treasurer of large interest and official connection with the Associated Charities, and served on the many other corporations gave him high City Council, the old time Watering Board ; standing in the business world where his and was a member of the first board of park influence was very strong, and his voice commissioners. In 1860-61 he was chosen potent. His upright stand for civic to represent his district in the State Legisla righteousness was most positive, and not ture, and in 1880 and 1886 was elected State only through his paper, "Every Evening," Senator. but personally he gave freely of his time Edward Betts married, September 25, and means for the real welfare of his com 185 1, Mary Rodman Tatnall, born July 17, munity. 1827, died July 1, 1897, daughter of Ed Apart from the really large and well ward and Margery (Paxson) Tatnall. Mr. known part he filled in local life, it was 269 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

only to those who knew him intimately tates, Mr. Bancroft's Armorial bearing that the sterling qualities of his character was conferred upon him and his descen were revealed. Frank, almost to blunt- dants, this honor of bearing arms in Eng ness, but this because his mind was satis land being one rarely conferred upon an fied that he was maintaining the right po American family. Authority relative to sition, it never was without careful Armorial Bearing: thought that a conclusion was reached, but being reached it was indeed hard to I, Henry Burke, Esq., Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, Companion of the Most Hon sway his opinion. Strong in his convic ourable Order of the Bath, Norroy King of tions, fearless as to what others might say Arms, Genealogist of the Most Illustrious Order or think, he no doubt at times gave of of Saint Patrick and of the said Most Honour fence, although such was not his inten able Order of the Bath, do hereby declare that tion, but to do and speak the right as he the Armorial Bearings below depicted, viz : Arms — Or on a bend between six saw it, for upon honor and truth he placed fylfot azure three garbs of the field. the highest value. Literature had for Crest— On a wreath of the colors him a deep, lifelong attraction, and in his between two wings each charged with large and varied library he always found a fylfot or a garb as in the Arms, much enjoyment. Endowed with a most do of right belong and appertain unto Samuel Bancroft of Rockford Manor Park in the town retentive memory his constant reading ship of Nether Knutsford and county of Chester and wide experience made him an ex Esquire. ceedingly entertaining and instructive In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my companion, for his mind was a perfect hand at the Herald's College, London, this twen storehouse of facts. tieth day of April in the Fourth year of the Reign Samuel Bancroft, Jr., of Wilmington, of our Sovereign Lord George the Fifth by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great was of English parentage, the Bancroft Britain and Ireland, and of the British Domin family being an old one of Cheshire, Eng ions beyond the Seas King, Defender of the land, there being deeds in existence dat Faith, etc., and in the year of Our Lord, One ing early in the fourteenth century. His Thousand nine hundred and fourteen. paternal great-grandmother was Grace H. Farnham Burke, Norroy King of Arms. Fielden, of Todmorden, a member of a family declared by the English historian, Samuel Bancroft, Jr., was the youngest Freeman, to have been one of the oldest son of Joseph and Sarah (Poole) Bancroft, Saxon families in England. Through ma and grandson of John and Elizabeth ternal lines he traced descent from Mah- (Wood) Bancroft, his grandparents both lon Stacey, member of Council in New being members of the Society of Friends, Jersey, 1682-83; Thomas Janney, justice in Manchester, England. Joseph Bancroft in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, 1685-89; was born in Manchester, April 7, 1803, Abel Janney, justice in Bucks county, died in Wilmington, Delaware, December Pennsylvania, 1708-12; William Shipley, 8, 1874. Until arriving at the age of four chief burgess of Wilmington, 1739-41; teen, he attended Ackworth School, a Benjamin Mendenhall, member of the Friends' institution, and then began a sev Pennsylvania Assembly, 1714; Owen en years' apprenticeship to his maternal Roberts, Pennsylvania Assembly, 1711; uncle, Jacob Bright, the father of John these ancestors all being through his Bright, the English Statesman, a contract mother, Sarah (Poole) Bancroft. which he fulfilled to the letter. Before its While in England, where he owned es termination, in 1824, his parents had 270 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY crossed to the United States, his father and the T. Clarkson Taylor Classical being engaged in the manufacture of flan Academy in Wilmington, his attendance nels in Wilmington, Delaware. There Jo continuing until the age of sixteen. But seph joined them as soon as his appren from the age of seven he "handed in" at ticeship term expired, and for a year or his father's plant as a vacation job, and two he was employed with his father and later "tended creel," and was taught to brother in their Wilmington plant. But weave. At sixteen years of age he be he was skilled in cotton manufacturing, came a regular hand in his father's mill and, in 1826, became superintendent of at Rockford, and so continued for several the William Young cotton mills at Rock years. He was taught the business thor land, Delaware ; later, in 1831, he purchas oughly by being transferred to the differ ed a property at Rockford, where the ent departments from time to time, but present plant is located. He so carefully he was determined, methodical and trust managed his business that he passed worthy to such an extent, that, in i860, through several serious industrial and when the bleaching and finishing plants financial depressions without shutdown or were started, he was given the entire stop. In 1865 he admitted his sons, Wil charge of these departments of the Rock- liam and Samuel Bancroft, to a partner ford plant. In 1865 both he and his broth ship, under the firm name, Joseph Ban er, William P., were admitted as partners croft & Sons. He continued the active with their father, the business continuing head of the business until his death, in under the firm name, Joseph Bancroft & 1874. Sons, until 1889, fifteen years after the Joseph Bancroft married, June 25, 1829, death of Joseph Bancroft. In 1889 the Sarah Poole, born January 28, 1804, died firm incorporated as Joseph Bancroft & April 3, 1896, daughter of William (2) Sons Company, Samuel Bancroft, Jr., and Sarah (Sharpless) Poole. William president, a post he most ably filled until (2) Poole was a son of William (1) Poole his death, in 191 5. and Sarah (Shipley) Canby ; grandson of Other valuable interests were acquired Joseph Poole and Rebekah Janney, whose by Mr. Bancroft and he filled many im mother, Elizabeth (Stacey) Janney, was a portant positions in the business world. daughter of Mahlon and Berecca (Ely) From its incorporation he was a director Stacy. Mahlon Stacey was one of the pas of the Wilmington Trust Company ; vice- sengers on board the ship "Shield," president, president, and chairman of the which arrived in the Delaware at the pres board of directors of the Huntington ent site of the city of Burlington, New and Broad Top Mountain Railroad & Jersey. Joseph and Sarah (Poole) Ban Coal Company; director of the Dela croft were the parents of two sons : Wil ware Railroad, the Baltimore, Chesa liam Poole, born July 12, 1835, married peake & Atlantic, and of the Maryland Emma Cooper, November 1, 1876, was a & Virginia Railroad companies. In cotton manufacturer of Wilmington, Del 1872 he became interested in the aware ; and Samuel, Jr., of further men "Every Evening Publishing Company," tion. of Wilmington, and later was the Samuel Bancroft, Jr., was born at Rock- controlling owner of that paper. He used ford, just outside Wilmington, Delaware, his ownership of the paper to cause fre January 21, 1840, died April 22, 191 5. He quent editorials to appear, strongly sup was educated in the Samuel Alsop School, porting sound Democratic doctrine, and 371 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY was unfailing in denouncing the wave of Mr. Bancroft was .one of the oldest corruption which bid fair to engulf the members of Eureka Lodge, Free and Ac State of Delaware. cepted Masons, and of Delta Chapter, Mr. Bancroft began his political career Royal Arch Masons. He was a member as a Republican, and in 1866 was elected of the Society of Colonial Wars, New to the House of Representatives of the York Chamber of Commerce, Metropoli General Assembly from New Castle coun tan Museum of New York, Franklin In ty. He served during the session of 1867, stitute of Philadelphia, Historical Society and was a candidate for reelection in 1868, of Pennsylvania, and, like his parents but went down in defeat with the entire and grandparents, a member of the So Republican New Castle county ticket. On ciety of Friends, connected with the Wil each occasion he ran far ahead of his tick mington Monthly Meeting in West street. et. Later he left the Republican party, His clubs were the New York, Lambs, differing radically from the policy of that Century Association, Grolier, The Play party in relation to the tariff and other ers', Manhattan, National Arts, all of New public questions, and from 1868 never York; Union League, Philobiblion, Pen voted for a Republican candidate for eith and Pencil of Philadelphia; Caxton of er President or Congressman. In 1894 he Chicago ; Maryland of Baltimore ; Arun was nominated and ran for Congress on del of London, England ; Brazenose of the Democratic ticket, but it being a Re Manchester, England ; Wilmington, publican year, was defeated, but again ran Wilmington Country, and Wilmington ahead of his ticket. He was especially Whist. He was one of the original mem interested in Wilmington's park system, bers of the Wilmington Society of the and from 1895 until his death, served as a Fine Arts, and always manifested deep member of the board of park commission interest in its work. He possessed the ers, being re-appointed as each term of six finest private collection of paintings by years expired. During that period he the English Pre-Raphaelites in the coun joined with his brother, William P. Ban try, and his many valuable paintings by croft, in a gift of much valuable land to other artists attest his interest in and the the city of Wilmington for its park sys love of art, as his finely chosen library tem. He served the Wilmington Homo did of his love for good literature. In his eopathic Hospital for over twenty years charities the majority of his benefactions as a trustee ; was a member of the advis were carefully concealed from public ory board of the Industrial School for knowledge, but he was most generous and Girls ; and was a trustee from the date kindly hearted. Loyalty was another of of its organization. These philanthropies his fine qualities, and his friendship once strongly appealed to him, and he took a gained could always be relied upon. keen, helpful interest in their affairs as he Mr. Bancroft married, June 8, 1865, did in many other charitable institutions Mary Askew Richardson, who survives of the city and State. In 1907 he largely him, daughter of Samuel and Susanna aided in a popular movement to honor the (Robinson) Richardson, of Mill Creek, memory of that distinguished citizen of near Wilmington. Mrs. Bancroft is a Delaware, Thomas F. Bayard, a move member of the Society of Colonial Dames ment which resulted in the erection in of America, being a descendant of John Rockford Park of a magnificent memorial Richardson, Sr., John Richardson, Jr., statue. Robert Ashton, William Freeland, Tim-

272

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RIOGRAPHY othy Hanson, Nicholas Robinson, all early Colonel Joseph L. Beury was born in settlers of Delaware ; Samuel Levi.Sr., Schuylkill county, Pennsylvania, August 15, Joseph Bond, and Joseph Pennock, all 1842, a son of Christian and Nancy (Law- Pennsylvania early settlers. ton) Beury, and died June 3, 1903, at his Mr. and Mrs. Bancroft were the parents home in Beury, Fayette county, West Vir of: Elizabeth Richardson, who married, ginia. Christian Beury was born in Devon April 28, 1897, John Blymer Bird, and shire, England, and came to the United they have a son, Samuel Bancroft Bird, States in 1837. He located in Schuylkill born December 11, 1898. Joseph Ban county, Pennsylvania, in the anthracite coal croft, born May 18, 1875, a graduate of region, and was identified with the coal bus the Massachusetts Institute of Technol iness during the remaining years of his life. ogy, now vice-president of Joseph Ban He died in Shamokin, Northumberland croft & Sons Company ; he married, Octo county, Pennsylvania. His wife, Nancy Law- ber 29, 1902, Elizabeth Howard, daughter ton, was born in Yorkshire, England, but of the late Major-General Oliver Otis when a young girl came to the United States. Howard, United States army, and his She died in June, 1887. Before the lad, Jo wife. Elizabeth Ann Waite. seph L., had completed the common school So lived Samuel Bancroft, Jr., a man education, he enlisted in the defense of the who, during his active, useful career, has, Union, serving in a Pennsylvania regiment as he saw the light, "stood foursquare to as private, rising rapidly to a captaincy. He all the winds that blow." These lines married, in 1870, Julia A. Feulds, at Trever- which were published in appreciation in ton, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, one of the Wilmington papers are most and brought her to the wilds of the New fitting: River country. She was a girl of seventeen, and left a comfortable home to follow her "For tho' from out our bourne of Time and Place The flood may bear me far; husband into the wilderness, she being the I hope to see my Pilot face to face first white woman to make her home in When I have crossed the bar." — Tennyson. Quinnimont, her home there for five years "There from the music round about me stealing being a rude log cabin located on Laurel I fain would learn the new and holy song; Creek, now known as Quinnimont. Colonel And find at last beneath Thy tree of healing Beury was a partner in and manager of the The life for which I long." — Whittier. first coal company ever organized in the Fayette county coal field, that mine being BEURY, Colonel Joseph Lawton, known as the New River Coal Company. The celebrated New River steam coal was Coal Mine Operator, Civil War Veteran. first shipped to the market by that company, To Colonel Joseph L. Beury must be the first shipment being made in September, awarded the distinction of being the pioneer 1873. He remained at Quinnimont until and leading coal operator of the New River 1876, then associated himself with Jenkin coal field. He it was who opened up and Jones, John Freeman, and others, in the developed nearly all the principal mines of development of what was later known as the that region, the Quinnimont, Fire Creek, Fire Creek mines. From Fire Creek he went Echo, Caperton, and Hawks Nest being to Hawks Nest and opened a mine on the among the mines he opened and operated. extreme lower end of the New River basin. He was also a pioneer in the Pocohontas Leaving Hawks Nest he leased and operated coal field. what is now known as the Gauley Mountain 273 А. В.— 6-18 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Coal Company's Ansted mines, but after was identified in close business association six months successful operating there he with O. A. and W. T. Thayer in the Beury was compelled to give up the mines on ac Coal & Coke Company, the Buffalo Creek count of an unfortunate stipulation of the Coal Company, the Little Fire Creek Com lease that the original owners might reenter pany, the Thayer Coal & Coke Company, and terminate the lease at the expiration of the New River Mining Company, Turkey six months. As the owners availed them Knob Coal Company, Elmo Coal & Coke selves of the stipulation of the lease, there Company, and many others, but as a stock was nothing for Colonel Beury to do but holder only. retire as gracefully as possible. After leav Applying his deep knowledge of the ing Ansted he formed an association with geological formation of the New River coal John Cooper and Judge Williams, they com fields of West Virginia, he, better than any bining to develop the old Caperton mine. other man, realized the immense possibilities Upon the later retirement of Judge Williams of that field with its immense profits of coal his stock interest was brought by William of superior quality, and persistently ac Beury, a brother of Colonel Beury, and his quired undeveloped tracts, until, at the time father, Christian Beury. This mine proved of his death, he was one of the largest in to be one of the most valuable developed in dividual owners of coal lands in West Vir the New River field, and was very success ginia. In a great many of these tracts his fully operated by the Beury interests. brother, William Beury, of Philadelphia, In 1880 Colonel Beury and his brother, Pennsylvania, and С. C. Beury, of Clare- William, together with O. A. and W. T. mont, West Virginia, were joint owners. Thayer, of Charleston, West Virginia, ac Shortly before his death Colonel Beury sold quired large holdings of valuable coal land, to E. J. Berwind, of New York, a tract of and incorporated under the name of the 19,000 acres in Fayette county, West Vir Little Fire Creek Company. The firm of ginia, and negotiations were then pending William Beury, Cooper & Company secured for the sale of about 30,000 acres situated a lease under the latter property and de in Sewall Mountain and Meadow River in veloped the Echo mines in 1898; Colonel Fayette county, West Virginia. It was the Beury acquired the interest of John Cooper, colonel's intention to develop and operate deceased, and William Beury, in the Echo the remainder of his holdings himself, but lease, and with his sons incorporated the it was not to be. Echo Coal & Coke Company, and until his Colonel Beury's monument is his achieve death operated that company. Previous to ment, and so long as men shall survive who buying the Echo lease he had, in 1884, join know of the wonderful work he did in the ed with his father, brother, and John Coop New River Valley, and so long as the gleam er, in organizing a company to operate the ing rails carry from the New River coal first lease in the Flat Top coal field, that field trains of laden coal cars to add to the company also proving a very successful one. world's wealth and motive power, so long However, he disposed of that interest in shall this pioneer's coal operations' fame 1898, and devoted his energies entirely to endure. A prevailing characteristic of Col his interests in the New River field. In onel Beury was his love for his fellowmen, 1896 he opened the Chapman mine at South his liberality and his spirit of willingness Caperton, which he disposed of to the Chap to sacrifice self for the good of others. man Coal Company (now the Everton mine When the tidings of his passing to the of the Branch Coal & Coke Company). He Great Beyond were brought to the New 274 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

River Valley there was not a miner in that 1917, and in the hearts of his profession great coal field but felt that he had ex al brethren, all of whom he had fought perienced a deep personal loss in the taking with and against in many battles, there away of their adviser, benefactor and were no feelings save those of love and friend. The number of his friends was professional pride. As a lawyer he was legion, and to know him was to love him. exceptionally strong in counsel, his sound Colonel Joseph L. and Julia A. (Feulds) business sense and his keen conception of Beury were the parents of four children: law and its relation to the people render Thomas Christian, of Charleston, West Vir ing him capable of the most discriminat ginia, born August i, 1872, married Isabel ing judgment. Lawyers sought his advice Gleason; Joseph E., born June 28, 1876, as well as clients, so firmly was his repu died January 25, 1919, married Helen Col tation for wisdom established. In business lins ; Harry В., born in October, 1878, mar life the same high estimate was placed ried Rose Westwater; and Daisy Ethel, upon his opinions and discussions, his po born in December, 1881, married Thomas sition as president of the Security Trust Nichols. and Safe Deposit Company, which he or Colonel Beury was a man of strong con ganized and which was the pioneer Trusl victions and forceful character, not easily Company in Delaware, being retained foi turned from his purpose if he believed him many years, until finally he refused long self to be in the right. But underlying a er to serve, retiring in February, 191 7, somewhat stern exterior he was possessed remaining however, as chairman of the of the kindest of hearts, and was ever ready board. To a very large degree the re to help the needy even at times when not markable growth and development of the entirely convinced that those who applied Security Trust was due to the business to him for help were really deserving of quality and strong executive ability of assistance. Colonel Nields, and his capable associ ates were so inspired by his leadership NIELDS, Colonel Benjamin, that the direction of the institution could not have been in abler hands. In this Lawyer, Banker, Patriot. dual relation to the people as legal and Beloved and esteemed by all who came financial adviser, there was constantly dis within the sphere of his influence, Colonel played the real qualities of leadership, and Nields, of Wilmington, Delaware, al his name was potent where it could be though naturally retiring and modest in used as authority or endorsement. This disposition, was one of the best known cit was true in his citizenship, and in every izens and most successful men of his relation with the public he was a safe city. He was, moreover, an exemplifica and sane leader. In private life he was tion of the highest patriotism, his devo the kind, genial, hospitable friend, and tion to his country being demonstrated by happy were they who could gain admis both words and deeds ; his words spoken sion to that inner circle where the hus in encouragement of every patriotic move band and father was revealed. ment, his deeds by personal army ser Colonel Nields was born in East vice in the Union army during the war Marlborough township, Chester county, between the states of the North and Pennsylvania, July 12, 1831, died in the South. He was the oldest member of the city of Wilmington, Delaware, December Delaware bar at the time of his death in 3, 191 7. He was of English ancestry, his 275 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

parents, Thomas and Eliza Nields, com Castle county bar, but his practice ex ing from Chester, England. They both tended to all State and Federal courts of died while their son was young, but he the State and to the United States Su was able to secure a good education, and preme Court. Notwithstanding his busy in April, 1859, after study under John C. life as a lawyer, to which he later added Patterson, he was admitted to practice at the cares of a banker, he gave a great deal the Delaware bar. The feeling over the of attention to public affairs, both State question of slavery was very intense, as it and municipal. In the cause of good ad was all over the then settled portions of ministration he was ever interested and the United States, Mr. Nields taking the ever ready to give counsel or service. He side of the anti's and strongly supporting never sought public office, although fre Abraham Lincoln for the presidency. quently urged for high position. Steadily When the situation became so acute that and unostentatiously he pursued his way, Sumpter was fired upon and President making his influence felt for good in all Lincoln, in 1861, asked for three months directions. men, Mr. Nields quickly volunteered, His connection with the Security Trust raised a company in connection with oth and Safe Deposit Company began with ers, and became a first lieutenant of that its organization in 1885, and continued company. In 1862 he raised a battery of until his retirement from its presidency in light artillery, the first and only battery February, 1917, when he was succeeded of that class recruited in Delaware dur by John S. Roswell, who thus eulogized ing the war. He was commissioned cap his predecessor in the high office of presi tain of that battery known as the First dent of the Security Trust: Delaware, and at the battle of Red River Colonel Nields was the sole survivor of the Cross he performed such deeds of valor incorporators of the Security Trust and Safe and was so conspicuously effective in the Deposit Company which was organized thirty- use of his battery that he was promoted one years ago. The development of its business to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He saw and wonderful success to which he dedicated his service in every section of the war zone, best efforts were part of his very life, and it is a most comforting circumstance that he was able and during the Red River campaign was almost to the end to take an active interest in chief artillery officer of the Department its affairs. He was usually the first officer on of Arkansas under Major-General Joseph duty, and he followed closely the details of each G. Reynolds. He was one of the commis day's work. While his large law practice con sioners appointed to receive the surrender tinued he generously divided his valuable time with the Trust Company, frequently denying him of the Confederates of the Mississippi self the privileges of an evening's rest and rec River district, and continued an active reation to attend to its business. He combined participant in military movements until with a profound knowledge of the law extraor the final surrender at Appomattox. dinary ' talent for business. No important matter He returned from the war in 1865, hav in all the years of his long service as president was undertaken without the sanction of his splen ing served with honor, and in Wilming did judgment. He impressed his personality upon ton opened an office for the practice of the whole organization, and officers, directors, and his profession. He quickly gained public employes alike found in him not only a safe favor and soon became head of a good guide but also a firm friend and sympathetic practice, his fame constantly increasing adviser. He is gone but his great achievements, his unswerving loyalty, his beautiful charity and until he stood in the front rank at the Del his tender solicitude for others, will ever be a aware bar. He was a member of the New potent inspiration and a precious memory to those 276 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

who knew him. Let it be said of him as the United States on a Free Soil platform. highest tribute that can be paid to any man : The Delaware delegation of that conven "The world is better for his having lived." tion was headed by the Elder Edward G. To this estimate of him as a business Bradford, who, for many years, was judge man the New Castle County Bar furnish of the United States District Court of ed a eulogy of their long time comrade, Wilmington. Colonel Nields enjoyed the in resolutions unanimously adopted at a distinction of being the only member of special meeting: the Delaware bar who enlisted in the The Bar of New Castle County, as well as the three years' service, and served through bar of the State, has heard with deep sensibility out the war. of the death of its late distinguished member, In social life he had won and long had Colonel Benjamin Nields, who died at his home in Wilmington, December 3, 1917. In testimony been prominent, his a familiar figure. He of the honor in which his memory will always was a most delightful and informing con be held, we, the members of the bar of New versationalist, his mind a storehouse of Castle county, desire to express in this public facts, personal experience, and observa manner our appreciation of the private character tion, from which to draw without fear of and public service of our late friend and profes sional associate. The name of Benjamin Nields repetition or dullness. It was a pleasure will long be linked with the best traditions of our at all times to have the privilege of listen profession in the State. His only ambition seem ing to him, and a place in his esteem was ed to be to attain excellence in that profession, an honor to be sought for. He was an and his eminence as a lawyer came to him as a incorporator of the Wilmington Country just reward of his learning, industry and hon Club, and one of the early presidents ; al orable devotion to the administration of justice. His lovable nature which manifested itself in the so was founder of the Delaware Club, an everyday intercourse with his fellows, the lam organization which preceded the Wil bent humor which took the sting out of the neces mington Club. He always greatly enjoy sary antagonism of our litigious life, and the ed the golf links at the Country Club, and reasonableness of his temper and bearing en played up to within a few days before he deared him to all of us, soldier, citizen, and law yer. His memory will long be cherished as that was stricken. His generous, sympathetic of one who added dignity and honor to the his nature responded to the friendly inter tory of our State. course of club life, and was equally ready When slavery became an issue, Colonel in its response to any demand made upon Nields united with the Free Soil Party, him for the relief of the unfortunate or and in 1856 supported the first candidate the encouragement of the deserving. of the Republican party for the presiden Colonel Nields married Gertrude Ful cy, John C. Fremont. In i860 he support ton, daughter of James Fulton, of Chester ed Abraham Lincoln, and until his death county, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Nields sur was an ardent supporter of Republican vives her husband, a resident of Wilming principles, truly a Republican, now too ton. Colonel and Mrs. Nields are the uncommon, of the old school. He was parents of five children : John P. Nields, deeply interested in the civic, State, and for twelve years United States District national affairs of his party and was look Attorney for Delaware; Greta, married ed upon with reverence by the younger J. Monteith Jackson, of Wilmington; men of the party, for he had sat in the Elizabeth, married Wilfred Bancroft, of convention which, in 1856, gave birth to a Slatersville, Rhode Island; James F. new party by the nomination of General Nields, of Wilmington ; and Benjamin John C. Fremont for president of the Nields, of Rye, New York. 277

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THOMPSON, La Marcus Adna, village of Jersey, near Columbus, Ohio, March 8, 1848. When about three years of Inventor of World-wide Fame. age, his parents removed to a farm near In the death of La Marcus Adna Thomp Hillsdale, Michigan. At the age of twelve son, inventor of world-wide reputation and years, his inventive turn of mind started head of the famous L. A. Thompson Scenic him into making a rotary churn, which Railway, who passed away March 8, 1919, was the first ever seen in the country. He the country lost one of its noted inventors also built carts for his playmates and a and one of its finest type of citizens. Mr. firstclass ox wagon for his father. He had Thompson was one of America's remark little opportunities for education, and his able examples of the self-made man, who longest school days lasted for one winter at from modest beginnings develops his opera Hillsdale College, during which time he was tions in the broad field of enterprise, and the self-supporting. At the age of nineteen, success he achieved in the field of invention Mr. Thompson removed to Elkhart, Indi and in business was due to his own unaided ana, where he established a bakery and efforts. Mr. Thompson came to eminence grocery store, and later conceived the idea by genius, ability of a high order, energy, of founding a plant for the manufacture of industry, integrity and a true faith in him knit goods, when he formed a corporation, self. He had high ambitions and worked which met with success, and it subsequently towards them. A keen sense of personal became one of the most important industries loss was felt by many people in his death. in Elkhart. In 1883, ill health drove him Endeared to his acquaintances by the at out to the desert of Arizona for one year, tributes that command sincere admiration and upon his return East, in 1884, at New and strong friendships, Mr. Thompson was Orleans, he started the first switchback of the type the world relinquishes with railway, and there evolved the fundamental deep regret. He was of the high type of idea upon which all his later inventions were progressive citizen, and none more than he subsequently based. About this time Coney deserve fitting recognition among those Island was just springing into prominence whose enterprise and ability achieved re as a center of amusement, and Mr. Thomp sults that awakened the wonder and ad son came to New York and installed at miration of all who knew him. His in Coney Island the first switchback railway. tegrity and fidelity were manifested in every He then formed the L. A. Thompson Scenic relation of life, and his plain, rugged hon Railway Company, of which he was the esty, his open-hearted manner, undisguised head until four years before his death, when and unaffected, won him many friendships. illness caused him to retire. From that Whatever Mr. Thompson undertook, wheth time up to the present this enterprise became er in the field of invention or in the business famous throughout this country and Europe, world, was a success. He was the architect and has given much amusement and pleas of his own fortune, and eminently worthy ure to millions of men, women and children, of perpetuation in a work of the character and stands as a monument to the genius and of the one in hand. A true gentleman of ability of the man who invented it. the old school type, he possessed a cour For recreation Mr. Thompson turned to tesy and dignity that attracted others to astronomy. Of intellectual turn of mind him, and kindness, gentleness and honesty and a lifelong student, he had accumulated marked all his dealings with his fellowmen. a magnificent library and his genius for La Marcus A. Thompson was born in the mathematics and mechanical ingenuity af- 278

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY forded him ready and fascinating grasp of Cove, Long Island. Alike in the business, astronomical science both in its theoretical civic, and social aspects, his citizenship was and practical aspects, and he had for many of the highest order and he left to his years been an enthusiastic and devoted stu family and friends as his choicest legacy the dent of the sun, moon, Mars and other heritage of a good name and a fragrant planets, having erected on his estate at Glen memory. Cove a three and a half inch disc telescope for making observations. Mr. Thompson's GERARD, Frank Cook, study and practice of astronomy not only inspired in himself a deeper and more pro Business Man, Civil War Teteran. found sense of appreciation of the omni The surname, Gerard, comes to us direct potence and divinity of the Creator, but his ly through the French, is of baptismal own convictions were known to have con origin, and signifies literally "the son of verted others hitherto non-believers. While Gerard." This font name had its counter always a religious man, his astronomical part in many languages, and in Old English observations intensified those sentiments. took the form, Garret, in German, Gerhard. Mr. Thompson's interest in astronomy The name is remarkable for the number of brought him in contact with scientific men its variants beginning with both J. and G, of prominence and others in various walks of which some of the most common are of life, and made for him many highly Gerard, Garrard, Garratt, Garrett, Garritt, prized and lasting friendships. As Mr. Garrod, Garrott, Garrod, and Girard. The Thompson's life was so largely given up to most ancient form, however, is Gerard. providing entertainment for mankind, one The name is continuous in American rec of his predominant characteristics was his ords from the earliest period of our history disposition to provide simple but solid and to the present day, and has left an indelible pleasurable pastimes for his neighbors and imprint on the annals of American life and friends in his hospitable home-entertain affairs. The Gerards have not been a large ment that was always instructive and educa family at any period of their history. Con tional and usually based upon some im necticut has been the home of one branch of portant scientific discovery or development the family for several generations, and it in which he was interested. Several years was here that the late Frank Cook Gerard, before his death, Mr. Thompson bought up well known citizen and business man of large tracts of land in Glen Cove, Long Seymour, was born. Island, including a natural park of twenty- Frank Cook Gerard, son of Captain Azel one acres. He introduced schemes of im and Rhoda (Moorehouse) Gerard, was born provement, transforming this land from a in Derby, Connecticut, May 13, 1834. His neglected farm to a beautiful country seat, father was a sea captain, and master of at a cost of over fifty thousand dollars. vessels engaged in the coast-wise trade. On Mr. Thompson was married to Ada Nix retiring from the sea, he settled permanently on, who survives him. Mr. Thompson was in what is now Derby, then the town of preeminently a home-loving man, and found Birmingham, where he established a black his deepest joys at his own fireside. A man smith shop. Later he removed to Great of elegant taste and pride in his home, his Hill, where he conducted a small shop, and love of the beautiful was expressed in the also engaged extensively in farming. Cap surroundings and appointments of his ele tain Azel Gerard married Rhoda Moore gant home, one of the show places at Glen house, member of an old and prominent 279 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Connecticut family. He died at Derby at the country round about. In his love of the age of seventy-five years. Frank Cook out-of-door life, his wife shared, and she Gerard was the youngest child of a large has since kept up the beautiful grounds family. He spent his early boyhood in about her home as a tribute to her husband's Derby, and at the age of thirteen years re memory. moved with his father's family to Great On March 5, 1857, Mr. Gerard married Hill. Here he attended the public schools, Mary Eliza Northrop, daughter of Jere and on completing his studies learned the miah and Mary (Curtis) Northrop, of blacksmith's trade, which he followed ex Brookfield, Connecticut. Mrs. Gerard is a pertly during the greater part of his life. lineal descendant of Joseph Northrop, He was employed at various parts of his founder of the family in America, who career in the shops at Union City, Seymour, was one of the pioneer settlers of Milford; and other places in the Naugatuck Valley. one of his grandsons was among the first At the outbreak of the Civil War, fired settlers of Brookfield, where the family with enthusiasm for the cause of the Union, has been prominent for several generations. Mr. Gerard enlisted from Union City as a Mr. and Mrs. Gerard were the parents of member of Company H, Twenty-third Con the following children : 1 . Lillian, died aged necticut Regiment. He went immediately two and a half years. 2. Dora, wife of Ed to the firing line, and for one year partici ward Holbrook. 3. Rhoda Hope, wife of pated in some of the heaviest fighting of the William Heeley. 4. Beulah A., deceased entire war. He was taken prisoner while wife of Harry Hammond; they were the on duty and was exchanged and mustered parents of one son, Gerard Hammond, who out of the service. Returning to the North, married and has one son, Gerard Mr. Gerard again took up his work in Union Hammond, Jr. City. He later removed to Great Hill, and Frank С Gerard was a Republican in from there to Seymour, where he entered political affiliation, and identified himself the employ of the "bit shop." He resigned actively with all movements calculated to his position here to accept a responsible post advance the welfare of Seymour. He was with the Seymour Manufacturing Company. a member of the Knights of Pythias, and of He was superintendent of one of the de the Grand Army of the Republic. He partments of the plant, and had charge of served the town ably and well in several the manufacture of bits and augurs. Mr. public offices, and was a member of the Gerard was a valued and trusted employee, board of selectmen for many years. He honored and esteemed alike by the officers was an early and staunch supporter of the of the company and by the men. About six cause of Prohibition, and was a valued years prior to his death he retired from member of the Methodist church. Frank active business affairs. In 1891 he built Cook Gerard died at his home in Seymour, the handsome residence which was his home May 6, 1908. until his death, and where his widow now resides, at No. 20 Elm street, Seymour. In KINGSLEY, Walter Frank, his home, and the beautiful grounds sur rounding it, Mr. Gerard found his greatest Interior Decorator. enjoyment. He had a strong taste for In a field of endeavor where real mas agricultural pursuits, and out-of-door life ters of the art are few, interior decorat appealed strongly to him. His gardens, ing, Mr. Kingsley has, since the opening orchard, and grape arbors were the finest in of his studio in 1904, achieved remarkable

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w ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY success and far-reaching reputation. His man. For two years he was so engaged, early inclination had been toward this in 1892 becoming a decorator with the calling, but it was not until he attained Anthony Cowell Company, realizing in his majority that the opportunity for its this association an ambition that had long pursuit presented itself. From his earliest been dear to him. Until 1903 he remain work in Providence his clientele increased ed with the Anthony Cowell Company, rapidly, with the result that of late years then, after a brief period in the same its demands have been beyond his ca capacity with A. E. Mylod & Son, of pacity. Some of the finest New England Providence, established, in 1904, in inde homes owe much of their beauty and at pendent business. His activity in the be tractiveness to his artistic arrangement ginning was on a small scale, but his of their interiors, and his services are work became widely popular and com widely sought and appreciated. missions came to him rapidly. His thor Mr. Kingsley is a son of Albert E. ough practical experience was supple Kingsley, and grandson of Dyer Kings- mented by a course in the Rhode Island ley, both natives of North Kingston, School of Design, and he has passed Rhode Island. Albert E. Kingsley, son several summers in European countries in of Dyer and Elizabeth S. Kingsley, was study. His studio is in the Hoppin-Home- born May 4, 1828, and died in Decem stead building in Providence. He is an ber, 1914. For forty-two years, until his able master of his difficult art, taking the retirement in 1903, he was master me greatest pleasure in his work, and is not chanic of the Rodman Manufacturing only an authority on period style but Company, whose large cotton manufac has developed in color treatment an orig turing interests included five large mills inality always effective and pleasing that in Rhode Island. Albert E. Kingsley is distinctively his own. His standing in married, December 15, 1852, Mary E. his profession is such that he is able to Himes, of Providence, who died in 1912. select that work which offers the fairest They were the parents of: Mary Eliza field for his efforts, and his creations beth, died in childhood ; Mrs. Charles have beautified many residences and Rodman, a resident of Providence; Al buildings throughout the region. bert Erastus, a resident of Westerly, Mr. Kingsley had five years of military Rhode Island; Leónidas, a resident of experience in the Rhode Island National North Kingston, Rhode Island ; and Wal Guard, enlisting in 1908 as a private in ter Frank, of whom further. Company A, First Light Infantry Regi Walter Frank Kingsley was born in ment, soon afterward becoming quarter North Kingston, Rhode Island, January master officer on the staff of the colonel of 1, 1871. Until he was sixteen years of the regiment, from which office he re age he attended the public schools of his signed in 1913. He is a member of the birthplace, then became employed in a Providence Central Club. A leader in a general store in North Kingston, where profession that is essentially one of study, he remained for two years. Subsequently Mr. Kingsley has carried his studious he was private secretary to Robert Rod habits into his recreations. He is a lover man, a cotton manufacturer of North of music, a capable performer on the or Kingston, and for two years thereafter gan, and is an interested student of crim was a draughtsman in the employ of inology and psychic research. He is de Charles Rodman, son of Robert Rod voted to the best in literature as in mu 281 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY sic and finds his greatest pleasures in have traced the Haskells in America to the hours spent with his favorite authors two brothers, William and Roger, who and composers. came over from England in 1637. Wil Mr. Kingsley married, June 5, 1900, liam Haskell settled in Gloucester and Bertha, daughter of W. Irving Colby, of Roger Haskell settled in Maine, and it is New Hampshire, her father a noted pro the Maine branch of the Haskell family fessor of languages. Mr. and Mrs. Kings- of which Charles Stearns Haskell was a ley are the parents of: Walter Irving lineal descendant. Mr. Haskell's father. Colby, born January 15, 1902, and Norma, Captain Ellis Haskell, was a sea captain, born September 15, 1903. and in his long and interesting life as a seafaring man, made many voyages to all the important ports in the world. He mar HASKELL, Charles Stearns, ried Mary Ann MacDowell, oldest daugh Real Estate Operator. ter of Colonel James MacDowell, of the Whatever the future may hold in store Queen's Dragoons, who was stationed at for the New England States and for the Calcutta, India, where Mr. Haskell's country at large, whatever may be the mother was born. product in manly and womanly character Charles Stearns Haskell spent his boy and patriotic citizenship of the com hood in the town of Tenants Harbor, mingled blood of all the races now blend where he attended the public schools, and ed in our national life, it is safe to state later he entered Brown University at there will never be found a nobler type Providence, Rhode Island, where he re of manhood and womanhood than that mained two years. He then went to Bos presented during the last century in our ton, where he took a commercial course New England life in the descendants of at Bryant & Stratton's Business College. the English Pilgrims and Puritans, who After completing his education, he located settled the land, builded their own homes, in Fall River, Massachusetts, entering conquered the wilderness, established the the employment of the Fall River Elec church and the school, and laid deep and tric Light Company, and later engaged in strong foundations of free government in the wholesale furniture business in Fall the earlier years. A conspicuous example River, which he conducted successfully of this type was the late Charles Stearns until the big strike, which interferred with Haskell, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, his business to such an extent that he who departed from this life August 25, liquidated his holdings in Fall River and I9I5- in 1903 he located in Boston and engaged The birth of Charles Stearns Haskell in the real estate business. In 1910 he occurred in Tenants Harbor, Maine, May moved to Cambridge and entered the real 17, 1869, the son of Captain Ellis and estate business, and was associated with Mary Ann (MacDowell) Haskell. The T. H. Raymond, and here he made many family of which Mr. Haskell was a worthy friends. While residing in Fall River, Mr. representative has occupied a conspicu Haskell belonged to various clubs, and ous place in American and English his was also a member of Company M, Mas tory for many generations. The surname, sachusetts Volunteers. He was also a Haskell, is found in the early English member of the American Mechanics' As records spelled Hascol, and more fre sociation, and attended the Episcopalian quently it is spelled Haskal, and in the church. records of the Massachusetts Bay Colony On March 15, 1892, Charles Stearns it is spelled Haskell. Family traditions Haskell was united in marriage with El-

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eanor Palmer Wood, daughter of James most of his opportunities, left the world and Marguerite (Palmer) Wood. Mrs. better for having lived therein. Haskell was born in Fall River, Massa chusetts, and her parents were natives of Manchester, England. Her father settled MUNSEY, Frank A., in Fall River, where he operated, for many Editor, Publisher. years, a paper cap tube factory. Mr. and Mrs. Wood were the parents of five children, Frank A. Munsey was born on a farm Mrs. Haskell being the only one that in the township of Mercer, Somerset lived to maturity, the other four children county, Maine, August 21, 1854. When dying when young. he was six months old his parents moved Mr. and Mrs. Haskell were the parents to Gardiner, on the Kennebec, and three of four children, as follows: Marguerite years later they left Gardiner and settled Wood, Arline, Charles Frederick, and on a farm in the township of Bowdoin, James Ellis, all born in Fall River, Mas Sagadahoc county, Maine. Here the sub sachusetts. The daughters, Marguerite ject of this sketch learned what he W. and Arline Haskell, are well known in knows about farming — not an inconsider vaudeville, as "the Haskell Sisters." Their able amount in view of the fact that his cleverness and histrionic talents won farm experience ended at the age of four them a contract to play the Keith Circuit, teen, when his parents removed to Lis where they scored an instantaneous suc bon Falls, in the township of Lisbon, on cess. Since the death of her husband, the Androscoggin. Mrs. Haskell has continued to reside in It is Lisbon Falls that Mr. Munsey the Haskell homestead at No. 330 Har thinks of as his old Maine home. Here vard street, Cambridge, Massachusetts. he developed into young manhood, and Charles Stearns Haskell was a man of here, among the very fine people of that sterling character, universally esteemed, little village, friends and neighbors, his and highly respected. He truly belonged formative years were passed — that little to that class of citizens who, although un village he loved as he loved the people demonstrative and unassuming in their in it, those who, with his family, made natures, nevertheless form the character it home in all that the word expresses. and mould the society of the community But Mr. Munsey regards, and has al in which they live. Mr. Haskell was dig ways regarded, the ten boyhood years nified in bearing, courteous and frank, but spent on the farm, a hard, rocky, crabbed never effusive in speech ; his manner was farm, as among the best training years of that of the true gentleman, and as such his life — foundational years. From early he was ever regarded. Resorting to none boyhood he was a dreamer, but, dreamer of the arts by which popularity is often that he was, the dominant qualities of his gained, he won his friends through the mind were those of practical, sound sense. power of manly character, and a kindly This power of vision has served him well spirit, and having won them, he ever held in the outworking of his life. Mr. Mun them fast. Above all he was a well sey spent five years (1877 to 1882) in Au rounded man, realizing fully all his obli gusta, as manager of the Western Union gations to himself, his family, his friends Telegraph Company. From there he went and neighbors, to the community, the State to New York to enter into the process of and Nation, and to the Creator, and he establishing a publishing house — his own was true to all. He will long be re business. The record shows that he suc membered as one who, having made the ceeded. 283 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

While Mr. Munsey has had many other en years. He married Sally Drake, born activities, he considers his life work to be in Brentwood, a direct descendant of Sir that of editor and publisher. Nothing Francis Drake, and a daughter of Abra else has ever equaled this in interest for ham Drake. She died a fortnight after him ; nothing else has given him the her husband, and at the same age. same measure of happiness, the same William Allen Swain, son of Rev. Wil measure of satisfaction, the same play for liam and Sally (Drake) Swain, when four his energy, imagination, vision. years of age, accompanied his parents to Chichester, New Hampshire, where he passed his youth and acquired a practical SWAIN, William A., education. Later he learned the trade of carpenter, becoming an expert in that line. Representative Citizen. In 1866 he removed to Natick, Massa William Allen Swain, a venerable and chusetts, where for a time he followed representative citizen of Lynn, Massachu the business of contractor, achieving well setts, honored by all who knew him for merited success. In 1883 he visited Cali his sterling integrity, upright character, fornia, and spent three years in the South executive ability displayed in the manage and West, visiting all points of interest ment of his business, and high culture and note, and deriving therefrom a vast and probity, was a native of Pittsfield, amount of pleasure and recreation. In New Hampshire, born October 27, 1823, 1886 he returned to Natick, Massachu son of Rev. William Swain. setts, where he followed his trade of con Rev. William Swain was born in Brent tracting until 1893, when he removed to wood, New Hampshire, where the family Boston, where he remained until 1895, en had long resided, his grandfather, Dudley gaged in the real estate and insurance Swain, a tanner and currier, having lived business. In 1895 he took up his resi there, dying an aged man. Rev. William dence in Lynn, which was thereafter his Swain was reared and educated in his na home, taking an active interest in all that tive town, then removed to Pittsfield, pertains to its welfare and progress. During where he remained until 1827, when he re his residence in New Hampshire he served moved to Chichester, where he passed the for a time as justice of the peace, under ap remainder of his life. He cultivated a pointment by Governor Gilmore; and in farm, upon which he resided, and on Sun 1861 was recruiting officer under Adju days preached three sermons, often riding tant-General Colby, serving two years. In from six to ten miles on horseback to the 1877, while residing in Natick, Massachu different small towns where he minister setts, he served as a member of the board ed. He knew by memory every word of of assessors. In Lynn he was nominated the new testament, and in a biography of for school committee, alderman, council him it was said : "Should the New Tes man, representative and senator. His tament be destroyed, the Rev. William nomination for the latter position was an Swain could be depended upon to compile nounced in a circular by the Senatorial a new one verbatim from memory." He District Committee, in which it was said : was prominent in the town, held the of "This nomination was wholly unsought fice of selectman, also other offices, and or even unknown to Mr. Swain. The con took an active interest in all town af vention gave him a unanimous nomina fairs. He died at the age of seventy-sev tion by acclamation. A committee was

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appointed to inform Mr. Swain of his self at the age of twenty-one, he brought nomination and ask him to accept the to his assistance all that scientists and same. With reluctance he consented to be our government had done to increase pro staidard bearer. We cannot say too much in ductiveness of the land, and for many his favor. He is a man of sterling integrity, years he was known as Delaware's fore and one of long business career, positive most farmer and fruit grower. He be in views, and takes great interest in the came a large landowner and when after affairs of our city." thirty years as an agriculturist he gave In politics, Mr. Swain was a Democrat. himself to other lines of activity, he He attended the Methodist church for brought to his new responsibilities the many years, and served as a trustee of sound judgment, broad vision and clear St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church, headed management which had distin Lynn. He joined the fraternity of Odd Fel guished him in his agricultural operation. lows in 1845, and remained a member until He became a bank president, and as a his lodge lapsed. On October 27, 1903, Mr. financier, displayed all the sound conserv Swain celebrated his eightieth birthday ative spirit of one to the "manner born," anniversary, having lived well past the and only death removed him from the scriptural allotted period of three score head of a strong financial institution. So, years and ten. Upon that occasion he was too, in his public life, the same energy and presented by the members of St. Luke's enterprise he displayed in the conduct of Church with a magnificent gold headed his personal affairs he brought to the ser cane, the presentation address being made vice of any project tending to benefit the by James A. Elliot, who said among oth community in which he lived. In his po er things: "The head of this cane is of litical opinions he was strongly Republi pure gold, a fitting symbol of your true can, but in State and National politics he character; and its richness is a fit token kept aloof from party strife and discord. of that crown of glory which awaits you He was at one time chairman of the Re in the other world." Mr. Swain died No publican Committee and in that position vember 8, 1908. it was his ambition not only to promote Mr. Swain married, June 22, 1893, Lucy party success with all the courage of his Batchellor Newhall, of Lynn, Massachu convictions but to act for the best good of setts, daughter of Isaac Newhall, who the community, the State and Nation. was a descendant in the seventh genera George L. Townsend was a son of Syl tion of Thomas Newhall, the immigrant. vester Deputy Townsend, grandson of Zadoc Townsend, and great-grandson of William and Mary Townsend. Zadoc TOWNSEND, George Lybrand, Townsend, born May 7, 1778, was a farm er of Sussex county, Delaware, who in Farmer, Banker, State Official. 1808 moved to New Castle county, in the The life of George Lybrand Townsend, same State, there residing until his death, now a part of the history of the State of in 1824; he married (first) in Sussex coun Delaware, was one of exceptional useful ty, Mary Deputy, daughter of Sylvester ness and honor. Ill health compelled an Deputy, a well known citizen of that early abandonment of school work and a county. He married (second) Catherine return to the out-of-door life of a farmer. Perry, Zadoc Townsend was a descen When he embarked in business for him dant of that branch of the famous Eng 285 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

lish Townsend family which early settled good health, but he continued at the in Delaware. The Townsends have been academy for two years before admitting conspicuous in English history for eight that his health would not permit him to centuries and for more than two cen continue study and realize his ambition turies have been no less distinguished in for a college education. At the age of America. The family is traced to the nineteen he returned to the home farm Norman Conquest and from the dawn of and for the two remaining years of his the Reformation were zealous in the Prot minority was his father's assistant in the estant cause. Richard Townsend held management of the home farm in Pen the rank of colonel under Cromwell and cader Hundred, New Castle county, Del was in command of the army in Corn aware. Upon coming of age, he assumed wall which besieged and captured the full control of the home farm, and for castle of Pendennis. Colonel Townsend's thirty years, 1862-1892, he devoted him descendants are numerous in Ireland and self strictly to agriculture, specializing held large estates, including the castle in peach culture. He combined scientific of Townsend on a promontory projecting theory with practical knowledge and be into the Irish Sea. The name was early came one of the most successful and brought to New England and from the prominent farmers of the State. He owned settlement of our country Townsends several large farms, he remaining at the have often been foremost in civil and mil home farm until 1870, then moved to the itary achievements. farm of Bishop Levi Scott, his father-in- Sylvester Deputy Townsend, son of Za- law, in Appoquinimink Hundred, New doc Townsend and his first wife, Mary Castle county, where he remained for Deputy Townsend, was born October 5, twenty-two years. In 1892 he purchased 1801, and all his active life was an agri theTatman residence in Odessa, Dela culturist, owning a fine farm in Pencader ware, and the same year removed his Hundred, New Castle county, Delaware, home there. While he continued to over and there lived the independent life of a see his productive farms and orchard, he prosperous, contented farmer and fruit personally gave his attention to other grower. He was an old line Whig, later affairs. He was one of the promoters of a Republican, serving from 1864 until the Odessa Creamery Company, and in 1868 as commissioner of the levy court. addition to his stock interest was a direc He married (first) Sarah Seeley; (sec tor and secretary and treasurer of the ond) Abigail Layman, of Chester county, company. He was also one of the orig Pennsylvania; they were the parents of inal stockholders of the Peoples' National two sons: George Lybrand, to whose Bank of Middletown, Delaware, and from memory this review is dedicated ; and Za- its incorporation, in 1882, was the vice- doc, who died in infancy. president, being the executive head of George Lybrand Townsend was born that prosperous institution at the time of at the Townsend homestead near Bear his death. He served as treasurer of the Station, Delaware, January 2, 1841, died Odessa Building & Loan Association. His at his home in Odessa, Delaware, Novem reputation as a banker of clear vision and ber 22, 191 7. After completing public sound principles extended beyond State school study, he entered Delaware Mili lines, and he was honored by the Amer tary Academy, then under the principal- ican Bankers' Association by being chos ship of Colonel Theodore Hyatt. He was en vice-president for Delaware. then seventeen years of age and not in In spite of his business interests, Mr. 286 л

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Townsend always was deeply interested degree of public confidence which he en and gave freely of his time and talent to joyed. This was not alone a local pres public service. In politics he followed tige which he enjoyed, but he was one of in his father's footsteps, ardently sup the best known men in Delaware, and porting Republican principles, but never wherever known he was as highly es with rancor or bitter partisanship. In 1881 teemed. he represented his district in the Dela Mr. Townsend married Cornelia Scott, ware General Assembly, being elected daughter of Bishop Levi Scott, who sur from Appoquinimink Hundred. In 1892 vives him. Mr. and Mrs. Townsend were he was appointed Collector of Customs the parents of five sons and four daugh by President Harrison, and in 191 2 Pres ters, all living at the time of their father's ident Taft made him a United States Mar death: 1. L. Scott, now deceased, former shal. While Collector of Customs, Mr. president of Laird & Company, bankers. Townsend succeeded in having the Dela 2. Sylvester D., vice-president of the Wil ware district credited with a part of the mington Trust Company. 3. George L. oil exports from Marcus Hook, in Penn (2), an attorney-at-law, practicing in Wil sylvania, instead of all going to the Penn mington, Delaware. 4. Henry S., assist sylvania district as heretofore. The nom ant trust officer of the Security Trust & ination for Governor of Delaware was Safe Deposit Company. 5. William S., more than once offered him, but he never assistant secretary of the Wilmington encouraged the movement, nor sought Trust Company. 6. Cornelia., of New to create sentiment in his favor. He was York City. 7. Martha, married Dr. E. several times chairman of the New Castle Ballard Lodge, of Cleveland, Ohio. 8. County Republican Committee, and was Mary, married E. Glenn Cook, of Wil also chairman of the Republican State mington. 9. Helen, married Charles W. Central Committee, serving in both posi Bush, of Wilmington. tions with zeal and efficiency, harmony Such was the life of one of the men ever the keynote of his administration. whose deeds are an honor to his native His interest in matters educational was State. He neither sought nor held the intense and long continued. He was a limelight in business, church or State, but district school commissioner, president of he won high public regard in the plain the Odessa Board of Education for many matters of life, and never was connected years. In religious affiliation, he was con with a failure. He met every responsibil nected with the Methodist Episcopal ity fairly, shirked no duty, public or pri church ; and for many years was an vate, and in his home circle left a precious official member of the Odessa church memory. He fought life's battle well and of that denomination, serving as a mem went to a conqueror's reward. ber of the board of stewards and the board of trustees, and as superintendent of its Sunday school. It was remarkable TOWNSEND, Levi Scott, how many of his fellow townsmen leaned Banker, Pabilo Official. upon Mr. Townsend for advice and coun sel in weighty matters. This was a tri There was that quality in "Scott" bute not only to his wisdom and sound Townsend which drew men to him great judgment, but voiced as well the high er than could be accounted for by a most esteem in which he was held and the high charming personality and entirely lova 287 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ble nature. People instinctively believed the age of twenty-one, he entered the ser in him, and he always retained the re vice of the Security Trust & Safe Deposit spect and esteem of the thousands of Company of Wilmington as a clerk, that friends he possessed in every walk of life institution just starting its career like all over the State of Delaware. His early himself. He rose from clerk to vice-pres home was on the old homestead which ident during his twenty-seven years of five generations of Townsends have personal connection with that institution, owned, but at the age of twenty-one he and became known as an able banker and came to Wilmington as a clerk in the Se financier. In 1915 his friend, William W. curity Trust & Safe Deposit Company. Laird, prevailed upon him to join his Eventually he became an important fac forces, and while he continued vice-pres tor in its rapid growth. To the thousands ident of the Security Trust & Safe De of depositors of the Security Company, as posit Company, Mr. Townsend became well as to all who came in contact with vice-president of Laird & Company, in him in the various other fields of en vestment bankers, and transferred his ac deavor into which his boundless energy tive services to that house. Early in led him, he was looked upon with affec 1918, when Mr. Laird retired from the tionate regard, and his advice and coun presidency of Laird & Company, which sel were eagerly sought. He was one of he founded, Mr. Townsend was elected to Delaware's ablest bankers, one of Wil succeed him. In addition to being presi mington's most energetic and progressive dent of Laird & Company, vice-president business men, and an active modern farm and member of the executive committee er. The wide scope of his knowledge of of the Security Trust & Safe Deposit local men and affairs made his advice of Company, Mr. Townsend was vice-presi the utmost value, while his charm of man dent of the Peoples' Bank of Middletown ; ner and delightful personality won for a director of the Diamond Ice & Coal him the loyal regard of all who knew him. Company; the American Vulcanized Fi He loved and was keenly interested in the bre Company; the Wilmington and Ken- great out-of-doors. He was an expert horse nett Turnpike Company; and the Farm man, an ardent fox hunter and gunner. ers' Mutual Insurance Company. For It was always a surprise to his friends many years he was treasurer of the Del how in the multiplicity of his duties he aware State Fair Association, and to that found time to enjoy such sports and rec as to many other enterprises he gave un reations, but he did and greatly enjoyed stinted time and attention. He was a di them. He was a son of George L. and rector of Hope Farm, and of Delaware Cornelia (Scott) Townsend, his father Hospital ; chairman of the Associated the subject of special review in this work. Charities, and headed the campaign to Levi Scott Townsend was born at the raise a fund of $15,000 to carry on its Townsend homestead in Pencader Hun work. dred, Delaware, December 31, 1867, died Mr. Townsend was always interested in September 28, 1918. His parents having agriculture, and operated five farms moved to the old Scott homestead just which he owned. He was an active mem south of Odessa, during his early child ber and a past master of West Brandy- hood, he attended the district school wine Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. For there, finishing his studies at the Confer twelve years he was a county auditor, a ence Academy in Dover, Delaware. At jury commissioner, treasurer of the Build-

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^/54~**у^Ф*~~~~ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ing Commission, member of the State Ed We feel keenly the great loss that has come ucational Survey Commission, long time to his family and share with them their sorrow treasurer of the Republican County Com in fullest measure. Our feeling of personal nearness toward him mittee, and one time treasurer of the State will always awaken tender and blessed memories. Committee of his party. He was also a We mourn not for an ordinary man. As Lord member of the Commission having in Wolseley said of the immortal Lee, "the moment charge the erection of the public buildings I saw him I realized that I was in the presence of for the joint use of the city and county. a man cast in a larger mould and made of differ ent and finer metal than all other men." He was a member of Temple Lodge, No. II, Free and Accepted Masons ; Delaware "Earth that all too soon hath bound him Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Gently wrap his clay, Rite; and of Lulu Temple, Ancient Ara Linger lovingly around him bic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Lights of dying day; And his homeland bending lowly His clubs were the Wilmington Country, Still a ceaseless vigil holy Rose Tree Hunt, and Young Men's Re Keep above his dust" publican. Mr. Townsend married, in 1895, Nellie This review reveals Mr. Townsend as a B. Dure, daughter of Henry F. Dure, a re man of tremendous energy, and one who tired manufacturer and capitalist. Chil- well knew the value of a genial smile, a dred: Julia, Sarah D., L. Scott (2), and warm and honest handshake, a cheerful Winder Laird. Two other children died and wholesome greeting, and a courtesy young. The family home was "Rockland or a favor extended in such a manner that Farm," where its owner greatly enjoyed the burden of obligation seemed to rest his fine live-stock and well bred poultry. upon him and not upon the recipient of At a regular meeting of the board of di his material or immaterial bounty. No rectors of Laird & Company, held on Oc man will ever know all the fine things he tober 16, 1918, William Winder Laird did in his social and business career. He read the following memorial: loved his fellowmen and they loved him. It has pleased Almighty God to call to the For years to come he will be remembered realm of eternal peace and happiness our be and spoken of as one of the finest types loved President, Mr. L. Scott Townsend, whose of Delaware manhood, and his career will association with this company was particularly be an inspiration to the youth of that close, both on account of his active interest in State that gave him birth. its affairs, and also because he was bound closely to each one of us by the strong cords of affec tion and esteem. To him had been given that fine conception of SPRUANCE, James Harvey, Life which others long for but most fail. There emanated from his every thought and word and Physician, Public Official. gesture a universal kindliness and love of his fellow-men that struck at once a "responsive Now that Dr. J. Harvey Spruance, one chord in the hearts of others." His broad and of Wilmington's most widely known phy liberal judgment, his keen insight into human sicians and eminent citizens, has passed nature, his quick powers of decision, and his away, it is most fitting that his memory unlimited host of friends, made him invaluable be preserved in an enduring form for fu as an officer of this company, while his congenial temperament, sunny disposition, untiring devotion ture generations to know the manner of to duty and just consideration for all of us caused man it was who was so useful to his fel us to feel the deepest possible affection for him. lowmen as physician and citizen. Were 289 А. В.— 6-19 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY his fame to depend either upon his apprentice in a drug store at Clayton, Del achievement as a physician or upon his aware, and had also been employed in a record as an official and citizen, either Wilmington drug store. He was gradu would suffice, for he practiced and he ated from the Philadelphia College of served with but a single aim, to benefit his Pharmacy in April, 1891, and the same fellowmen and to leave the world better month he established a drug store at the for his having lived in it, and nobler am northwest corner of Second and Monroe bition no man could entertain. Probably streets, Wilmington, which he conducted no physician ever practiced in the State until entering Jefferson Medical College of Delaware who enjoyed larger commu in 1895. He was graduated M. D., class nity friendships than did Dr. Spruance. of 1899, was vice-president of the gradu He was known and esteemed in every ating class, and for five consecutive years household in the southwestern section of after graduation was elected class presi the city of Wilmington, as well as in oth dent. Immediately upon graduation from er parts of the city, but in the Third, Jefferson Medical College, Dr. Spruance Fifth, Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth wards began practice in Wilmington, Delaware, in particular. Always ready to help in cases and there began the upbuilding of a prac of distress, giving of his time and means, tice, the extent of which, it is said, was and deriving pleasure from doing so, his never equalled by any physician in the death was keenly felt by those among State. That distinction was won by his whom he was best known, and when the unfailing kindness, his generosity and ad news of his passing was spread through mirable quality of painstaking care with out that community, tears were shed every case, no matter what the nature, to in many a humble home. Dr. Spruance which he was called. He opened a drug was a son of William Edwin and Mar store at the corner of Second and Mar tha (Voshell) Spruance, his father of ket streets, Wilmington, which he also Welsh, his mother of French descent, but conducted in connection with his practice. both representatives of old and honored There never was a time even in his bus families of the State of Delaware. iest professional years when Dr. Spru James Harvey Spruance was born in ance was not heartily interested in the Smyrna, Delaware, October 31, 1866, died civic welfare of the city. He was actively at his home, No. 721 Adams street, Wil engaged in furthering any enterprise or mington, Delaware, May 15, 1917, just in project which had any bearing upon the the prime of his splendid manhood and at city's permanent welfare, and he was an the zenith of his professional career. He able advocate of any cause he cham was educated in the public schools, Smyr pioned. He served New Castle county as na Home School, under Professor Her coroner's physician ; was treasurer of the man Roe ; Philadelphia College of Phar Board of Health under Mayor Jeffries, macy ; and Jefferson Medical College ; 1891-1893; member of the Legislature in coming finally to the practice of medicine, 1893, as the only representative from the a thoroughly able pharmacist as well as a city of Wilmington ; was a member of highly educated physician. In fact, all the Board of Education from the Third through his professional career he con Ward in 1905, his residence then being at tinued the ownership and operation of his Second and Monroe streets. For twelve drug store in connection with his practice. years, 1891-1903, he was a member of the He entered Philadelphia College of Phar Delaware State Board of Pharmacy, and macy in 1888, having previously been an from 1909 until 191 1 he was mayor of

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Wilmington. During his term as mayor FORD, Robert Francis, he gave the impetus to the waterfront Bniineas Man. improvement project, which later found its fruition in the appointment of a har Robert Francis Ford, for nearly half a bor commissioner. He was at all times a century prominently identified with the believer in a maritime and a commercial hotel business in the city of Boston, and Wilmington, and ever an advocate of har who had exemplified every virtue of bor and port development. He was also American citizenship, died at his home on father of the idea of establishing a muni Park avenue, in the town of Wakefield, cipal hospital there, and although he de Massachusetts, April 21, 1919, at the age voted much of his time and labor to this of seventy-one years. There is always praiseworthy cause, he did not succeed in something instructive in the records of securing such an institution for Wil such men as the late Robert Francis mington. Ford, because in them we see typified the In political faith Dr. Spruance was a earnest and unwearied effort that inevit Democrat, and in religion a member of ably spells success. The passing away of Grace Methodist Episcopal Church. He this good man, in the fullness of years, was a member of the American Medical brought sorrow to many hearts, because Association; Delaware State Medical So it removed from among his fellow men a ciety; New Castle County Medical So strong and winning personality, whose ciety, Eureka Lodge, Free and Accepted influence was a direct source for good. Masons, also to the Chapter of Royal Mr. Ford was a man of sterling qualities Arch Masons; Washington Tribe, Im of character, and retained throughout his proved Order of Red Men ; and other fra long and eventful career the strong re ternal organizations. In all these bodies spect for right and law inherent in many he was an attendant whenever his profes New England families. sional and official duties allowed, and he The birth of Robert Francis Ford oc was greatly beloved by his brethren. curred in North Berwick, Maine, April Dr. Spruance married (first) in March, 4, 1848, the son of Caleb and Susan Ford, 1892, Lillie T. Harris, of Wilmington, both natives of North Berwick. Mr. Ford who died December 31, 1895. He mar was a lineal descendant of Andrew Ford, ried (second) February 7, 1900, Emma immigrant ancestor, who settled in that Aydon, of Wilmington. Children: Ma part of Weymouth, Massachusetts, which rion Aydon, born September 27, 1901 ; was set off to Hingham. He was admit James Harvey (2), born April 24, 1907. ted a freeman in 1654, and purchased from So a wonderfully active, useful life was the colony a part of the land which was passed. There were no periods in that afterwards known as "Ford's Farm," in life, and no blank pages in his life history. what is now Abington, Massachusetts. He met every responsibility of life fairly Descendants of this immigrant Andrew and shirked no duty. Strong in character Ford, who came from Weymouth, Eng and determined in spirit, he overcame land, settled in the various New England many obstacles and won his way to the States, and it was of the Maine branch highest degree of public confidence and of the Ford family that Robert Francis esteem. Wilmington is better for the life Ford descended. He was educated in the and public service of Dr. James Harvey public schools of his native town, and be Spruance. gan his business career in Boston as a 291 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY clerk in a drygoods store. While still a cially interested in the poor, and gave lib young man he was employed by George erally of his means for their relief. No Young, proprietor of Young's Hotel. His one will ever know how wide-spread his rise in the hotel business was rapid and benefactions were, so quietly and unos for many years he had been a member of tentatiously were they bestowed. He had the company which operates Young's Ho many friends who delighted in his society tel, the Parker House and the Touraine, and he likewise manifested an interest in three of the leading hotels of the city of them and the things they did. He was Boston. He retired from active business well informed on all the leading topics of in 1908, and for the past ten years had the day. His great natural courtesy and been a resident of Wakefield, Massachu invariable kindness of heart and willing setts. Prior to that time he had lived ness to find some good in everyone en many years on Walnut avenue, Roxbury. deared him to all his friends. He was Of late years Mr. Ford had spent his win keen, alert, resourceful, resolute, endowed ters down South. He was a thirty-second with knowledge gained in the hard school degree Mason, a member of Alleppo Tem of experience, and he always seemed in ple, Order of the Mystic Shrine, and of spired with the passion of pure patriot the Boston Commandery, Knights Temp ism. In discussing the various phases of lars, and was connected with the Joseph the late World's War, Mr. Ford uttered Warren Lodge, Free and Accepted Ma the following words as quoted by one of sons. He was a member of the Dudley his friends and admirers: "As a nation, Baptist Church for many years. He was we can no more ignore proper precautions for many years active in the affairs of the with impunity and survive, than the for New England and also the National Ho gotten races of history whose temples and tel Men's associations. altars are covered with the drifting dust On November 9, 1873, Robert Francis of centuries!" Mr. Ford was a firm be Ford was united in marriage, in Tremont liever that a man is as he thinks, and Temple, with Hannah Abbey Preble, thinking is a function of the brain. He daughter of William and Mary (Bridges) did not believe in the theory that a man's Preble, both natives of Maine. Mr. and worth should be measured by his bank Mrs. Ford were the parents of three chil account but rather by "what have you dren, as follows: 1. Maud Frances, mar done today that is worth while." This ried C. H. Dahl, of Brookline ; they have tribute to his personal character is a spon one son, Wesley Dahl, who enlisted with taneous expression of esteem and affec the American Expeditionary Force, and tion, and the material enterprises he was was recently decorated for bravery in so long associated with will long re France. 2. Charles Foster, married El- call his memory to the world, and the eanore Greely, of Haverhill. 3. Roxanna, lives he touched and made glad will know widow of Howard W. Hurlin, of Wake him forever. field; they had one daughter, Frances Louise Hurlin. Since the death of her KINNEY, George Romanta, husband, Mrs. Ford has continued to re side in the Ford homestead in Wakefield, Representative Business Man. Massachusetts. George Romanta Kinney, president and Mr. Ford was of the type who believed treasurer of the George R. Kinney Com in making the world a better place for pany, the largest retail shoe enterprise in having passed through it. He was espe the world, passed away June 17, 1919. It 292

f ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY it fitting that we should thus honor one treatment that he desired for himself. Al who impressed his personality on the ways courteous, always pleasant, in his mercantile, civic, and social life of Brook intercourse with the world he received lyn, and who through the many years of that respect to which the excellence of his his active business career enjoyed to an own character so eminently entitled him. unusual degree the admiration and esteem George Romania Kinney was born at of those who knew him. A progressive Candor, New York, June 5, 1866, a son merchant, he was a man of breadth of of Jeremiah S. and Mary Louise (Wood wisdom,, indomitable perseverance and ford) Kinney. He thus belonged to two strong individuality. He was one of old and prominent American families. The America's remarkable examples of the Kinney family is traceable as far back as self-made man, who from modest begin the twelfth century in Scotland. The nings develops his undertakings in the name Kinnaird existed in remote times broad field of enterprise, and the success in the counties of Sterling, Forfar, Aber he attained was due to his own unaided deen, and Perth, being derived from Cen- efforts. As a business man he was char nard, a local or place name which sig acterized by industry, keen insight and ex nifies, "the high head," and which may be ecutive ability of a high order, which had regarded as the earliest source of the sur enabled him to create and build up to name, Kinney. William de Kiner, who such large proportions the important bus lived during the reign (1165-1214) of iness of which he was the head. In his King William I. ("The Lyon"), eighth death Brooklyn lost one of its finest type monarch of Scotland, figures in the rec of citizens. There was in Mr. Kinney a ords of the famous Abbey of Balmerino, weight of character, farseeing judgment in Fifeshire, near Dundee, and is the earl- and fidelity of purpose that commanded est of the name on record. The descen the respect of all, but greater than these dants of William de Kiner were for gen was his integrity in word and deed and erations residents of Balmerino. David his unwavering honesty, and none more Kinneir, "of the ilk," eighth in the line of than he deserved fitting recognition descent from William de Kiner, was among those whose enterprise and ability bailee to the Abbot of Balmerino. In 1472 have achieved success. Genial and sym he registered a coat-of-arms, as follows : pathetic in his relations with those about him, the world in which he moved was Arms — Sable, on a bend or, three martlets (or brighter and better for his presence. One Kennaire birds) vert. Crest — Two anchors in saltire proper. of Mr. Kinney's most admirable traits was Motto — Vivo in spe. (I live in hope). his kindly consideration for others. Those who worked for him always had the high Subsequently the family appeared in est regard for him. He trusted them as Kilbride, Scotland. In 1662 Farquhar they trusted and respected him. He did M'Kynnie (whose name was also spelled not hold himself aloof but on the other M'Kinney, Kynney, and Kinney) of the hand always maintained the most friend twelfth generation from William de Kiner, ly relations with them, and his policy of inherited from his grandfather land in sharing the profits of his business with his Levin Chullen, County Bute. He married employees was proof of his sympathy and Agnes Lauder, of a distinguished family interest in their welfare. He was a man of Norman origin, whose ancestor, de who rendered to others the same equitable Lavedro, was one of the Anglo-Nor 293 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY man barons accompanying Malcahn soon promoted to head shipping clerk and Canmore to Scotland (1056). The chil by rapid promotion was offered and ac dren of Farquhar and Agnes (Lauder) cepted the management of a branch store M'Kynnie, were : James, John, Morde- at Waverly, New York. His native pre cai, and Thomas. Three of the brothers, dilection for business was strongly mani John, Mordecai and Thomas, came to this fested in his successful conduct of this country, settling first in New Jersey, store and when his employers failed Mr. whence their descendants spread through Kinney was able to raise fifteen hundred out the country and are today to be found dollars for the purchase of the Waverly in every State in the union. store. His first business venture on his In his maternal line, Mr. Kinney was own responsibility proved a success and descended from Thomas Woodford, the soon new stores were opened and part immigrant, who was born in Lincolnshire, ners admitted with additional capital. The England, and left London for the New business grew rapidly to vast dimensions World, March 7, 1632, arriving with Ed until at the time of Mr. Kinney's death a ward Winslow, June 5th. He became one chain of sixty-two stores were operated in of the early settlers at Cambridge and af cities throughout the country and sell terwards became one of the original set ing annually over ten million shoes. The tlers of Hartford. Later he was one of business was conducted as a partne-ship the proprietors of West Hampton, where until January 17, 1917, when under the he died, 1667. He had been a member of caption of George R. Kinney & Company, Rev. Thomas Hooker's party that found the business was incorporated for $4,- ed Hartford, and he became a prominent 500,000, of which Mr. Kinney was pres man in the colony. (New England Gene ident and treasurer up to the time of his alogy). Mr. Kinney's line of descent from death. Mr. Kinney was one of the first Thomas Woodford was through a son, Jo employers in the country to put into suc seph, who had a son Joseph, who had a cessful operation a liberal profit-sharing son John, who had a son Bissell, who had plan with his employees. Whether in a son Chauncey, who had a son George, spired by the generous impulses of his na who was the father of Mary Louise ture and his warm brotherly feeling for Woodford, who married Jeremiah Kin his fellowmen, that the principle has ney, the father of George Romanta Kin proven no less economically sound is evi ney. The Woodford family has produced denced in the wonderful growth of the many names that have become prominent business from small beginnings until it on the pages of American history. The has become the largest enterprise of its late General Stewart L. Woodford, form kind in the world. Mr. Kinney's ever er Lieutenant-Governor of New York, thoughtful interest in and consideration an eminent lawyer and gallant soldier, for the welfare of his employees was only was a member of this family and distantly equalled by their loyalty and devotion to related to Mr. Kinney. him. George Romanta Kinney attended the One of Mr. Kinney's predominant at public schools of his native village of tributes was his deep religious sentiment Candor, New York, and entered upon his and his devotion to the church and its in business career as stock clerk with the stitutions. A charter member of Wells Lester Shoe Company, a Binghampton, Memorial Church, he was active and use New York, wholesale shoe house. He was ful. His religion was unobtrusive but of 294 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

a very practical type. He carried the pre Barre, Pennsylvania, and they had one cepts of the religion he professed into the son, LeRoy R. Kinney. Both sons are ac affairs of every day life and he was a tively identified with the George R. Kin Christian business man in all that phrase ney Company. implies. He gave liberally to the church, Mr. Kinney had traveled extensively and it was largely due to his energy, gen throughout this country and abroad, mak erosity and beneficence that the church ing a comprehensive tour of Europe in edifice was erected. Rev. Dr. Ernest Mc- 1900 that covered the important places of Curry, the pastor, paid eloquent tribute to interest in France, Germany, Holland, the memory of Mr. Kinney from which Belgium, and England, being accompan we quote the following: ied on these wanderings by Mrs. Kinney. I Preeminently a home-loving man, Mr. He accepted his material success and prosperity Kinney found his deepest joys at his own as a blessing and a trust, and he was ever ready fireside, and he was blessed with the con to share it, not only with his employees, but with the church and with every cause of suffer geniality and happiness of an ideal home. ing and of need. As a charter member of the Admired for his success in the business Wells Memorial Church, he, more than any other world, he was beloved in the relations of one man, was responsible for its beginning and home and friendship, and he left to his its subsequent success. He was its friend in need family and friends, as his choicest legacy, and has ever been a friend indeed, and in its hour of greatest discouragement, his loyalty and devo the fragrant memory of an upright, true- tion were all the more beautiful to behold. hearted man and citizen.

The "Candor Courier" said of Mr. Kin ney : DONOVAN, James, Seldom has any one manifested so keen an Head of Important Business. interest in his home town. His many gifts to charity, to his church, and his unfailing loyalty The late James Donovan, for more than to the old school where he received his edu thirty-five years closely identified with cation, his kindness to the people — all these are the life of Southington, Connecticut, both witnesses to his noble qualities. Indeed, many as one of its leading merchants, and as a Candor boys owe their start and training in a public-spirited citizen, was born in Coun successful business career to Mr. Kinney's love for Candor and his interest in her sons. ty Cork, Ireland, in the town of Mitchells- town, on June 26, 1834. He was the son Mr. Kinney passed away in the meridi of James and Eliza (Raynan) Donovan, an of life and the prime of his years and and descended from a family which boasts when according to human probability he an ancient and honorable Irish lineage. should have had many years of usefulness The principal branch of this ancient fam before him. His loss is the more pro ily, Lords of Clancahill, descend from Oli- foundly deplored because it cut off a still oll Flann-beag, King of Munster for thir greater and more useful future. ty years, who was of the fifty-first gen Mr. Kinney married (first) Phoebe eration in direct descent from Heber, son Wadsworth, and they had one son, of Milesius, of Spain, and the first mon Charles W., residing at Plainfield, New arch of Ireland after the Milesian Con Jersey. In 1900 Mr. Kinney married quest. (second) Ella M. Cook, a daughter of E. James Donovan was educated in the Harry and Emily Bond Cook, of Wilkes- schools of County Cork, and in early man 295 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY hood was employed in a store in the city the rate of twelve and one-half cents and of Cork. Witnessing the sufferings of fifteen cents per hour. He later became his native land through the period of the engineer at the Plantsville establishment great famine, with its attendant devasta of the Peck, Stow & Wilcox Company, a tion, and realizing the dearth of oppor position which he held for nine years. tunity offered a man in his position, he During this time he became interested in determined to seek his fortune in Ameri real estate, and purchased at different pe ca. Landing in New York City, Septem riods several pieces of property in South ber io, 1854, he went immediately to Mid- ington, which with time have greatly in dletown, Connecticut, where for a short creased in value. period he worked on farms. He next went Mr. Donovan severed his connection to Kensington, where he was employed with the Peck, Stow & Wilcox Company, for a time in the factory of Jonathan Hart. to engage in a general merchandise busi Dissatisfied with this work, however, he ness in Southington. He erected a store was attracted by the brilliant prospects on the site of the present business, about which the West, then in the initial period one-half the present size, and consisting of its great development, opened up, and only of two stories. The business pros with a canoe and a supply of books, chief pered from the very outset, and drew a ly religious in content, started down the large patronage from Southington and Mississippi river. The three years which the surrounding towns. With the in he spent in the Middle West were crowd crease in trade, Mr. Donovan was obliged ed with adventure, and furnished the to increase his accommodations, and add richest memories of his after life. He ed an extra story and a new front. He dealt extensively with the Indians. Trav also extended his stock to include house eling the Mississippi as far south as New hold goods, furniture, carpets, stoves, Orleans, he amassed a wealth of experi ranges, etc. For more than thirty years ences which subsequently made him a he carried this business on most success brilliant conversationalist and a man of fully. Mr. Donovan was one of the ablest broad sympathies, tolerant in his views, and most respected business men of and unspoiled by the narrow provincial Southington, eminently respected for fair ism of those who live their lives within dealing and for the unimpeachable hon the confines of the small town or city. esty of his business principles. He occu Brought into contact with people of every pied an honored place in the business cir class, from the learned priest or minister cles of the town. The welfare and ad who permitted him to sell books at his vancement of Southington was always church to the unschooled Indian, he was close to his heart, and he identified him given the opportunity to make a study of self actively with all movements designed human nature which later stood him in to advance this end. In political affilia good stead in mercantile life. Mr. Dono tion he was a Democrat, but in reality van returned to Connecticut after three was an Independent in sentiment, and years, and in 1863 located at Southington. was never influenced against his better Having had previous training as an engi judgment by party lines. Failing health neer and mechanic, he was awarded a con caused him to somewhat reduce his busi tract by the firm of Peck & Smith, for the ness in later years, and for several years manufacture of springs, at thirty-five the business has been almost entirely un cents per hundred, and additional work at der the management of his daughter, Jane 296 /

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L. Donovan, who since her father's death cestry. He was descended from a family has controlled it and carried it on with which maintained a distinguished antiq great success. uity, not only in this country but in Eng On April 7, 1863, Mr. Donovan married land, where its members, through the (first) Margaret Guerin, who died in 1864. long centuries which are known to us col Their only child died at the age of five lectively by the name of the Middle Ages, years. On December 27, 1864, he married occupied a prominent place in the life (second) Bridget O'Leary. They were of the various communities in which they the parents of the following children: made their homes. James, Thomas, Edward, William, Eliza The name Burnham, Burnam, Bernham beth, Mary, and Jane L. Jane L. Dono and Barnham is a very old one in Eng van, before mentioned, resides with her land and undoubtedly belongs to that mother at No. 112 Bristol street, South- great group of surnames which took their ington, Connecticut. James Donovan origin in still older place names, the lat died at his home in Southington, June ter antedating the Norman Conquest and 5, 1908, at the age of seventy-four years. reaching back into early Saxon time. Au thorities differ as to the origin of the name, Ferguson, in his "English Sur BURNHAM, William Dixon, names" (pages 131-135), referring it back to the old Norse word, Bjorn, and the Shipmaster, Philanthropist. Anglo-Saxon word, Beorn, meaning Bear, Arms — Gules, a chevron or between three and others giving it the meaning of a leopards' heads erased of the second, two and knight or noble, but there seems to be lit one. tle doubt that it was derived from the Crest — A leopard's head erased proper. true early English word, burn, a small Motto — Time Deum et ne timeat. (Fear God and have no other fear). stream or brook, and ham, a home or small village. Accordingly, the word The death of the late Captain William Burnham, as applied to a place, would Dixon Burnham, on March 27, 1919, at mean homestead or village on a brook, his home at Port Chester, Westchester and as this location would obviously be a county, New York, removed from that very common one, it is not surprising that place and from New York City a figure we find a number of hamlets or towns which had been for many years associated bearing this name in early times. Thus we with the shipping interests of this coun have the name Burnham applied to a parish try, especially during the great day of in the Union of Eaton, Hundred of Burn American supremacy on the sea, when ham, County of Buckingham, comprising those vessels, which combined in an un the liberties of Upper Bouveney, Brjtwell, usual degree the practical with the ro East Burnham, Cippenham, and town mantic, had given to this country perhaps with Wood, and the Cahelry of Lower the most conspicuous place in the com Bouveney. This place, which gives its mercial life of the world. Captain Burn- name to the Hundred, is of very remote ham, who was one of the typical figures antiquity, and was the residence of the of the period and himself a shipmaster of Saxon King of Murcia. At this place is renown, exhibited in his life and career still pregnable the moated site of the the hardy and strong characteristics he palace of the King of Murcia. We have inherited from a long line of worthy an also the famous Burnham Beeches, of 297 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY which Mr. Jesse, in his "Favorite Haunt," victorious Norman to England in the writes as follows: train of cousin-german Earl Warren, and undoubtedly took part in the Battle of The drive from Bulstrode, through the lower gate of the park to Burnham Beeches, is very Hastings. At the survey of 1080, A. D., pleasing. There are the beechen coppices, and he was Lord of the Saxon villages of Burn the sheltered lanes, and the pretty cottages ; but ham and many other manors, taking from Burnham Beeches surpass any sylvan locality I these the surname of De Burnham and have yet met with. As we approach the parish becoming the ancestor of the numerous bounds of Burnham, the open surface of the country entirely disappears, and is covered with families of this name which spread to thick coppice-wood, interspersed with fine old various parts of England, several of the beech-trees, and penetrated in various directions branches occupying a distinguished place by green lanes winding through their varied scen among the nobility of the time and being ery, and adorned by hollies and by bushes of the entitled to bear arms. That branch of the evergreen juniper. These latter are of extraordi family from which the American line is nary size and beauty, and form a peculiar con trast to each other. Some of them take a spiral descended was the one which had its seat shape, while others trail along the ground. As in Herefordshire, England, and made its we proceed into the interior of the wood, we find home for many years at Hatfield Court, the surface varied by glens and valleys, inter now a beautiful ivy-grown ruin over the spersed with little rushy pools, the winter haunt main entrance, which has been preserved of the snipe and woodcock, and overhung with the rich foliage of the holly, birch, juniper, and to this day by the Burnhams in Ameri other trees, under whose shade the purple heaths ca. According to the Rev. Mr. Pettigrew, flourish, and the fern and fox-glove add a varie who wrote to Roderick H. Burnham, the ty and charm to the scenery. Much beauty is de compiler of the Burnham Genealogy in rived from the forest roads that wind among the the United States, and communicated to pollard trees, sometimes through open spaces of greensward, and sometimes dipping down a decliv him many interesting and valuable de ity, or gradually lost in the thickening foliage of tails concerning their early English an the wood. Some «if these trees are of gigantic cestors, "the Church of Hatfield, in the growth, and of most picturesque character. In prettily-wooded county of Hereford, pre open spots, where two or three lanes meet, a haw sents little of interest, with the exception thorn tree is frequently found, partly covered with bramble and honeysuckles, and generally a juni of some curious old monuments, with per bush standing close to it, with a patch of fern quaint inscriptions of the Burnham fam or broom. As we enter the forest glades, and ily. This ancient and honorable family saunter their shade, the mind is insensibly car dated back to A. D., 1100, and still have ried back to the times of the bowmen of Harold, descendants in the U. S. of America." The and the days of Robin Hood. Hatfield estate passed from the direct line The use of surnames first began to be of the Burnham family to other families common in England about the time of the connected with it by marriage, and was Norman Conquest, 1066, A. D., and many finally sold by the descendants of Sir of the followers of William the Conquer John Geers Cottrell, Bart., to the Aston or, being rewarded by that leader with family, who continue to hold it today. various Saxon estates, added the names About the time of the early settlement of these to their own personal names and of the New England colonies, the Burn thus founded some of the oldest English ham family appears to have taken birth families, a large number of which con from Herefordshire, its old home, where tinue to this day. This was the case with the name has since become extinct, save Walter le Ventre, who accompanied the where it remains attached to old places, 298 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

and one of its sons, perhaps the most tinued during most of his life, they con enterprising, joined that band of adven tinuing to call into question his title to turers who went forth from the Old the land which he held by deed from the Country to seek their fortune in the New Indians and he as consistently appealing World. The first record that we have of to the law of England as against the high the name in connection with America is ly theocratic form of government which one dated November 20, 1635, which the Puritans had established here. It states the fact that one Thomas Burn- would appear that in this contest Thomas ham, eighteen years old, embarked from Burnham was successful, as his large es the Barbadoes, in expedition, Peter Black- tate afterwards divided between his chil lee, master, and took the oath of alleg dren and remained practically wholly in iance and supremacy, being examined by their hands. A portion of this tract was the minister of the town of Gravesend. held by him under the will of Uncas, chief According to Roderick H. Burnham, com of the Mohegan tribe of Indians, and an piler of the Burnham Genealogy, "this ancestor of that famous Uncas who fig Thomas Burnham was born in 1617, and ured so prominently in the stories of Fen- is undoubtedly the same Thomas Burn nimore Cooper. His death occurred June ham who came to Hartford, as the name 28, 1686, at the age of seventy-one years. and date of birth correspond. Many emi- Thomas Burnham married, in 1639, Anna igrants left the Barbadoes, owing to the Wright, born in England about 1620, and political trouble — about the time of his died August 5, 1703, and they were the appearance at Hartford, Connecticut." parents of the following children : Eliza (I) Thomas Burnham, of Hartford and beth, born in 1640, married Nicholas Potunke, was born in England, in 1617, Morecock, and died December 2, 1720; and had evidently been educated as a bar Mary, born 1642, married William Mor rister before coming to the New World. ton, and died January 25, 1720; Anna, Here he carried on the practice of the born 1644, married Samuel Gaines, and law, and was, evidently, according to the died November 29, 1722; Thomas, born records, a man of determined character. 1646, married Naomi Hull, and died He carried on the practice of the law in March 19, 1726; John, born 1648, married the colonies, and among other cases, suc Mary Olcott, and died April 20, 1721 ; cessfully defended Abigail Betts, who Samuel, born 1650, married May Cald was accused of witchcraft, by which act well, and died April 12, 1728; William, he incurred the displeasure of the Puri who is mentioned below; Richard, born tan authorities and was prohibited from 1654, married Sarah Humphries, and died further practice of the court "for saving April 28, 1731 ; and Rebecca, born 1656, her neck." He then erected a garrison married William Mann. house at Potunke, purchasing the land di (II) William Burnham, son of Thom rectly from the Indians. In 1659 ne Pur~ as and Anna (Wright) Burnham, was chased of Tantonimo, chief sachem of the born in the year 1652, and died December Potunke tribe, a tract of land now covered 12, 1706. He resided at Wethersfield, by the towns of South Windsor and Hart where he owned a large estate. William ford, on which he resided, and a portion Burnham married (first) June 28, 1681, of which still remains in the possession of Elizabeth Loomis, a daughter of Na his descendants. What amounted to prac thaniel Loomis, and after her death mar tically a feud with the authorities con ried (second) Martha (Thompson) Gay 299 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY lord, widow of Eleazur Gaylord, of Wins- 1726; Mary, born February 7, 1722, mar low. His children, all of whom were born ried Lieutenant John Judd, and died May to his first wife, were as follows: Eliza 22, 1801 ; Appleton, who is mentioned beth, born May 20, 1682, married Michael at length below. Griswold, and died September 9, 1741 ; (IV) Appleton Burnham, youngest William, who is mentioned below; Jo child of the Rev. William and Hannah seph, born August 7, 1687, and died April (Wolcott) Burnham, was born April 28, 20, 1760; Nathaniel, born January 3, 1690, 1724, and died January 3, 1779. He mar married Mehetabel Chester, and died Sep ried, November 6, 1753, (?) Mary Wol tember 16, 1754; Jonathan, born March cott, who was born January 1, 1730, and 21, 1692, married Mary Chester, and died died June 17, 1793, (?) and they were the January 24, 1752; Mary, born September parents of the following children : Rhoda, 2, 1694, and died April 17, 1715 ; Abigail, born February 12, 1755, married James born December 16, 1696, married Na M. Douglas, and died April 12, 1822; Ol thaniel Phelps, and died January 2, 1724; iver, born November 11, 1760, married Sa David, born October 12, 1696, and died rah Rogers, and died April 30, 1846; Wol September 10, 1741. cott, born April 19, 1762, married H. S. (Ill) Rev. William Burnham, son of Sturdevant, and died January 24, 1849; William and Elizabeth (Loomis) Burn- Philomela, born May 1, 1764, married ham, was born July 17, 1684, and died Elias Hart ; Abner, who died in infancy ; September 23, 1750. He graduated from Abner (2) who is mentioned below; Es Harvard College, and was installed pastor ther, born July 17, 1779, married Joseph of the church of Kensington (afterwards Smith, and died October 11, 1841. Farmington) in 1712, remaining at that (V) Abner Burnham, son of Appleton post for thirty-eight years. The church and Mary (Wolcott) Burnham, was born which was built for him is still standing January 11, 1771, and died February 13, as one of the landmarks of old Farming- 1818. He married (first) October 21, ton. The Rev. William Burnham mar 1792, Sarah Williams, born April 1, 1773, ried, May 18, 1704, Hannah Wolcott, died January 24, 1810, by whom he had daughter of Captain Samuel and Judith five children. He married (second) De (Appleton) Wolcott, and a member of an cember 2, 1810, Jane Rowley, born Janu old family from Somersetshire, England. ary 12, 1785, and died October 15, 1836, They were the parents of the following by whom he had four children. Abner children: William, born April 5, 1705, Burnham's children by his first wife were married Ruth Norton, and died March 12, as follows: Judson W., born November 1749; Samuel, born May 28, 1707, died 8, 1793, married Mary Blois, and died No January 22, 1708; Hannah, born Novem vember 14, 1857; Edmund В., born Feb ber 18, 1708, married Rev. Jeremiah Cur ruary 5, 1800, died March 5, 1823; Wil tis, and died April 6, 1772; Josiah, born liam G., who is mentioned below; Sarah September 28, 1710, married Ruth Norton, M., born October 31, 1803, married Fred and died April 16, 1800; Lucy, born erick Walker, and died November io, March 12, 1712, married Jacob Root, and 1835; Oliver W., born August 16, 1807, died January 31, 1797; Abigail, born Sep married Mary K. Steighoff, and died De tember 14, 1713, married Lieutenant Rob cember 28, 1851. ert Welles, and died June 27, 1787; Sarah, (VI) William Gillett Burnham, son of born May 28, 1 719, died November 23, Abner and Sarah (Williams) Burnham,

300 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and father of Captain William Dixon teen years of age when he made his first Burnham, was born April 6, 1802, and voyage, shipping as a deck boy on the died February 16, 1868. He married, bark "Harvest Queen," bound for China. March 1, 1821, Eliza Hannah Boland, Unlike many lads who are moved to go to born March 29, 1804, and died March 18, sea merely by a love of adventure, and 1884, in Connecticut. Mr. Burnham pass are cured of all further desire by the hard ed his childhood and early youth at his ships of an actual voyage, young Burn native town of Sharon, Connecticut, but ham was but confirmed in his fondness afterwards removed to Litchfield, Con for a seaman's life and followed that dif necticut, and was prominent in affairs of ficult and perilous calling for many years that place. He and his wife were the par thereafter. He soon became an accom ents of the following children : Harriet plished seaman and rose to the position of M., born May 19, 1822, married William mate, then captain of his vessel. The M. Moore; Thérèse A., born December greater part of his career was spent in 28, 1825, married Charles B. Bunnell, and California and China trade, and during died April 7, 1883; Theodore A., born No that time he was master of some of the vember 27, 1828, married Emily M. Cady, finest clipper ships which carried the and died July 23, 1865 ; Egbert R., born American flag to practically every port in 1829, married Mary L. Sanford, and in the world. Among these were the died December 17, 1902; Frederick M., "Centaur," the "Sovereign of the Seas," born in January, 1832; Frederick F., born the "Patroclus" and the "St. James." The January 8, 1834, married Maria Theresa "Sovereign of the Seas," one of the fastest Curie, and died July 18, 1907 ; Frank E., vessels of her time, was built by Donald born May 4, 1836, married Elvira Coon, McKay, of Boston, Massachusetts, in and died January 6, 1903; Abbie C, born June, 1852. She became very famous, and November 30, 1837, married Jared Derby, under the command of Captain Burnham, and died in 1897; Sarah E., born Novem made some record voyages. On one oc ber 11, 1839, married George A. Parking- casion she made the passage from New ton, and died February 11, 1907; Edward York to Liverpool in thirteen and one- Smith, born February 15, 1843; William half days, and often made daily runs from Dixon, with whose career we are here three hundred and fifty to four hundred especially concerned. miles, her best day's run being made in (VII) Captain William Dixon Burn 1853 when, on a passage from San Fran ham, youngest child of William Gillett cisco to New York, she covered four hun and Eliza Hannah (Boland) Burnham, dred and nineteen miles. The people of was born April 22, 1847, at Litchfield, New York, which was her home port, felt Connecticut, and died at his home in Port a great pride in her, and she was always Chester, New York, March 27, 1919. His warmly welcomed upon her return from education was begun at the public schools a passage to San Francisco, London, Liv of Bridgewater, Connecticut, where he re erpool or China. Captain Burnham en mained until twelve years of age. His tered the employ of Flint & Company in family then removed to Brooklyn, New 1876, and the "St. James," the last ship York, in the year i860, and his education commanded by him, belonged to this con was continued at the public schools of cern. In 1892 he was made superinten that city. As a lad he exhibited a great dent of Flint & Company's large fleet of fondness for the sea, and was but four vessels, numbering seventeen, many of

301 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY them being of the largest class. It was of New York City, one of the largest man under his supervision that the British ufacturers of printing presses in the iron steamship "Persian Monarch" was world. He was an inventor whose works converted into a four-masted ship, after have had an almost unparalleled influ its purchase by Flint & Company, after ence upon the development of the print which it made many a successful voyage ing press, and through the devices invent under the name "May Flint." Captain ed, indirectly developed material and Burnham was very successful in his oc mental character of the modern world. cupation, and was a broadminded, public- Mr. Spalckhaver was a native of Itzehoe, spirited man, who ever kept the welfare Holstein, in Denmark, his birth having of the community where he dwelt at occurred there April 18, 1837. He was a heart. He was very charitable, and in his son of Julius and Augusta (Mohrhagen) will made a bequest of fifteen thousand Spalckhaver, and a grandson on the ma dollars to various philanthropic, charita ternal side, of Carl Frederick Mohrhagen, ble and educational organizations in a prominent man in the Province of Hol Bridgewater, Connecticut. He was the stein in his day. The elder Mr. Spalck organizer and general manager of the haver was born also in Holstein, August American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, 7, 1798, and died there April 7, 1845. He which engaged in commercial enterprises studied chemistry, mathematics and bota- on a large scale and met with a high de any at Erfurt, Germany. gree of success. He was a member of the The childhood of William Spalckha Maritime Society of New York. ver was passed in his native region, and Captain William Dixon Burnham was the early part of his education was ob united in marriage, September 19, 1868, tained at the school of Netersen, Holstein. at Liverpool, England, with Matilda Eliz Later he was sent to the Polythennic abeth Bunting, a native of that city, born school at Hanover, where he studied for a January 28, 1848, a daughter of Captain number of years, after which he con Henry Bunting, of the Cunard Line of tinued his studies in France for a time, steamships, and Elizabeth (Butler) Bunt and eventually completed them in Eng ing, his wife. They were the parents of land. These studies had been taken with one son, Frederick William Burnham, a view of fitting him for an engineering born May 24, 1876, at Liverpool, Eng career, and, upon completing them, he land. Captain Burnham retired from ac came to New York, in i860, with an ap tive business in 1915, and passed the last pointment as engineer for a concern at few years of his life in a well earned leis Hastings-on-Hudson. It was in 1863 that ure. He spent much of his time in Flori he first became associated in a minor ca da, and had a summer home at Sharon, pacity with the R. Hoe & Company con Connecticut. cern, which at that time had its principal works on Gold street, New York City, SPALCKHAVER, William, where his great knowledge of engineer ing and his unusual inventive ability soon Inventor, Civil War Veteran. placed him in line for promotion. In 1878 The late William Spalckhaver, whose he was appointed chief draughtsman for death occurred March 29, 1919, at the age the company, and eventually rose to the of eighty-two years, was for many years position of chief engineer, which he held the chief engineer of R. Hoe & Company, with the utmost efficiency until the end of

302

/é/J¡ék¿z**zj S^fé-a/c^Atz^s^si^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY his life. He was connected with R. Hoe missioned second lieutenant, November & Company for fifty-six years and during 1, 1861, in Company K, of the Fifty- that period made for himself a reputation fourth Regiment, New York Volunteer as an expert and inventor which passed infantry, and was finally mustered out of far beyond the limits of the company service February 7, 1862. He was a mem which employed him, and was recognized ber of the Steinwehr Post, Grand Army internationally as an inventive genius. It of the Republic, of New York City, for a has been largely from his brilliant mind number of years, and on June 25, 1907, that the marvellous modern printing was transferred to the U. S. Grant Post presses have been gradually developed, of the same organization in Brooklyn. for he gave his thought to one detail after William Spalckhaver was united in another, and the list of his inventions in marriage, March 8, 1862, with Anna cluded a large number of devices, all of Brunssen, of New York City, a daughter of which have gone to make modern print Gerd and Marie (Feldhusen) Brunssen, of ing an extraordinary art. Among the this place, the former having been a man great number of patents taken out by Mr. ufacturer of hats and caps at Hamburg, Spalckhaver which should be particularly Germany, for a number of years. To Mr. mentioned are the following: Folding and Mrs. Spalckhaver six children were striking blade, June n, 1878; Folding born, as follows: John, who is engaged striking blade, March 4, 1879; Sextuple in a mercantile line of business; Marie, press, August 27, 1895 ; (Courant) Sheet who became the wife of Alfred Hoffbau- associating device, September 3, 1895 ; er, chief engineer for the American Su Plate sending machine, December 17, gar Refining Company; George, who is 1895; Octuple of multi-color, September engaged in a mercantile line of business; 1, 1896; Duplex web (Sextuple style) William, Jr., who is also engaged in the June 20, 1899; Duplex web and color same line ; Anna, who became the wife style, June 20, 1899; Web perfecting and of Otto Wilhelms, an artist of this city; half-tone, November 14, 1899; Proof press Ida, who became the wife of George (chain drive) February 26, 1901 ; Ideal Arndt, a prominent merchant here. press, July 23, 1901 ; multi-rotary print On the fiftieth anniversary of Mr. ing color, November 26, 1901 ; Multi-col Spalckhaver's first connection with R. or perfecting press, December 3, 1901 ; Hoe & Company, which was celebrated Fast litho, front delivery moving tympan in 1913, by the performance of appropri sheet, March 22, 1904. Mr. Spalckhaver ate ceremonies and the presentation of a deserves the highest honors for inven handsome loving cup, Mr. Robert Hoe, tions from the country of his adoption. at that time the head of this concern, de livered the following address of apprecia Mr. Spalckhaver possessed a strong tion: sense of patriotism, and responded at once to the call of President Lincoln for Gentlemen, you have imposed a very pleasant duty on me this evening, my only regret is that I volunteers, enlisting in Company H, of am so utterly unable to do justice to the occa the Twelfth Regiment, New York Vol sion. Never before in the history of R. Hoe & unteer Infantry, on April 19, 1861, for Co., has there been such a gathering as this, and three months, but, upon being discharged, I want you to know that nothing has given me personally, so much pleasure and gratification as August 7, 1861, felt it his duty to return this spontaneous appreciation of our tried and to active service and again enlisted in proven friend, William Spalckhaver. October of the same year. He was com It is not often allowed a man to round out ЗОЗ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY half a century of continuous connection with one efforts to preserve the traditions of R. Hoe & firm as he has done, and when added to this is a Co. long record of tasks well accomplished, obstacles I believe that whatever may have been the overcome, loyalty and devotion to employers and greatness of our business in the past, with the to duty, seldom equalled and never excelled, we readiness of the one hand to accept and keep in have only begun to explain why he is today our step with the progress of the time, and the will chief engineer, and how it is that for so long he ingness on the other hand to be guided and ad has guided and inspired the engineering work of vised by those among us who have the ripe experi R. Hoe & Co., the foremost press manufacturers ence and judgment possessed by Mr. Spalckhaver, in the world. that the future has only promise of success and Fifty years ago Mr. Spalckhaver joined our prosperity. organization, and by his steady application was We are all aware that my father relied upon Mr. advanced in 1878 to the position of chief drafts Spalckhaver's judgment in mechanical matters man. From that time, each year has seen his and almost invariably accepted his dictum as final. influence and reputation increased, and to-day no In the last four years he had guided us around name stands higher in the printing press world many difficult corners, and when we were uncer than that of William Spalckhaver. tain with regard to the value of the German In In 1863 the principal works were still located in taglio Press, Mr. Spalckhaver volunteered to visit Gold Street, and the number of men employed Germany to make a study of their press. Upon was few compared with the number at present. his return he designed and we constructed under Gradually the fame and prestige of the firm in his supervision, a press which is now operating in creased, and today its history is indelibly writ the office of the New York Sun. This press is ten in the history of this wonderful country of more mechanical, is better constructed, and is in ours. every way superior to those made in Germany. While giving the full mete of recognition to For this we have to thank Mr. Spalckhaver, and the living, we must not forget those who have if for other reasons it is decided not to aggres passed away, some of them already advanced in sively push the sale and manufacturer of these years when Mr. Spalckhaver first knew them : presses, it in no way detracts from what he has Richard Hoe — Stephen Tucker — Lucious Cro- done. well — Cavin — Colby — Gill — Howell — Collins, and For a man of Mr. Spalckhaver's years to ad others. vise with us from his experience so that we may Their mechanical genius made the name of R. avoid falling into past errors is perhaps to be ex Hoe & Co. famous from one end of the Conti pected, but for a man of his years to cross the nent to the other, and throughout the length and ocean and then to design a press that is superior breadth of Europe, .and we must never forget to what others have succeeded in doing after that what we do today is made possible because years of effort, is a performance to be proud of their efforts in the past. of, (and we are proud of it). Mr. Spalckhaver, trained under engineers of world wide reputation, and himself gifted with Mr. Spalckhaver, on behalf of your associates, rare mechanical ability — judgment — perseverance we beg you to accept this loving cup as a token — and singleness of purpose, perpetuates the best of the esteem and regard in which you are held traditions of the business. He represents to us by everyone connected with the company. Your younger men the glories of the past and a prom unfailing kindness of heart and your ready sym ise for the future if we are content to build on pathy have endeared you to all of us, and we hope the foundation so carefully planned and so solid that you may be spared for many years to come, to fill, with honor to yourself and with credit to ly wrought. The modern tendency is to seek after what is the company, the position you now occupy. new, to try experiments in almost every branch of human endeavor — and this is right and proper, so The death of Mr. Spalckhaver was felt long as we do not lose sight of the broad princi as a very severe loss, particularly by the ples that have made us what we are today, and I same company with which he had so long feel that we may congratulate ourselves, that been associated, and also by the commu- while bringing our methods and systems up to date, the men who have but recently joined the nity-at-large. On that occasion the fol organization are so heartily in sympathy with our lowing letter was written to his wife, who 304

Í2William James Phinney Baxter was born in Spalckhaver, our former Chief Engineer and who Gorham, Maine, March 23, 1831. He was was for so many years such a valuable member educated in the schools of Portland, of our staff. During the entire fifty-six years of this connection with our company, Mr. Spalck Maine, the famous Lynn Academy, and haver was esteemed most highly by all, and the under private tutors, his intention being unfailing courtesy which he invariably extended to prepare for the practice of law. But to every one with whom he came in contact with his personal preference was for a literary will always be remembered by his associates career, and he became a regular contribu here. Respectfully yours, tor to the "Home Journal" edited by N. Vice-President and Secretary. P. Willis and George P. Morris, and to the columns of other magazines and liter BAXTER, James Phinney, ary publications. While he met with most encouraging success in literary Manufacturer, Author, Public Official. work, he found the remuneration unsatis It would be difficult to overestimate factory, and henceforth that field was par the value to a community of a man like tially abandoned, and a business career James Phinney Baxter, author, manufac was begun. As a manufacturer's agent turer, public official of Portland, Maine. he built up a successful business in Port There is scarcely a department in the af land, and established a reputation as an fairs of the city nor an aspect of its able organizer and manager of enterpris life in which his influence has not been es, mercantile and industrial, which led most potentially felt and invariably so him into many corporations and institu upon the side of the public good. He is a tions. A list of his numerous activities practical man of affairs, a man of the includes the presidency of the Portland world, although literature had been the Savings Bank, and the Merchants Bank, greatest interest of his life, yet never has the vice-presidency of the Portland Trust he sought his own advantage to the det Company, and directorship in many oth riment of the interests of the community er companies. To vary the strain of bus of which he is a member. Rather, how iness life, he bought a farm at Mackworth ever, to the contrary, for he has given Island, which he connected with the public interest preference over his own, mainland by a bridge, and there he has and no one, not even a political opponent, spent a great deal of time studying the has ever dared the accusation that as a best methods of farming and stock breed public official Mr. Baxter has ever acted ing. save from the purest and most enthusi There are few departments of city life astic motives. The same high ideals that in which he is not interested, particularly govern him as a public official, are also those departments which most closely his guide in the more personal relations touch the lives of all the people, espe 305 A. В.— 6-20 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY cially those who are unable to adequately American Historical Association for the care for themselves. He organized and year 1890, he is credited with thirteen was the first president of the Associated publications, while an incomplete list of Charities of Portland, and it is owing to his important contributions to contemp his generosity and public spirit that the orary literature include: "Laus Lau- present handsome building, the home reati," a poem (Portland, 1882) ; "A of Portland's Public Library, graces the greeting to the Mentor," a poem (Port city. He built and donated it to the city land, 1883); "The Great Seal of New of Portland, and it is also due to him that England," (Cambridge, 1884) ; "Idyls of the library of the Maine Historical Socie the Year;" "The Trelauney Papers;" ty was moved from the restricted quar "George Cleeve and his Times;" "The ters in Brunswick to the convenient quar British Invasion from the North ;" "Early ters it occupies in Portland. So energetic Voyages to America;" "Sir Ferdinand and so consistently devoted to the inter Gorges and His Province of Maine;" ests of his city, it was a foregone con "Reminiscences of a Great Enterprise," clusion that his popularity would lead him (1890) ; "The Campaign Against the Pe- to public position, the honor coming in quakets, Its Causes and Its Results," the form of six terms to the mayoralty (1890) ; "The Beginnings of Maine," of Portland, four of those terms being (1891); "A Lost Manuscript," (1891); consecutive. During his administration "Isaac Joques, A. D. 1636," (1891) ; "The of the city government a public Manual Abnakis and their Ethnic Relations," Training School was added to the city's (1892) ; "The Pioneers of New France and educational system, Mayor Baxter press New England," (1893) ; "Christopher ing its establishment, and contributing Levett and His Voyage to Casco Bay in his salary as mayor toward defraying its 1623," (1894) ; "The Voyages of Jacques cost. This was in keeping with his deep Cartier ;" "The Greatest of Literary Prob interest in the cause of public education, lems and Documentary History of an interest often expressed in both word Maine," (twenty volumes). and deed. A new high school building The first art school in Portland, the was also erected during his administra Portland Society of Art, was organized tion, and a State armory, while the public by Mr. Baxter who encouraged it by be parks of the city were greatly improved coming a student in the class, drawing and beautified. He served his city well, from the model. He organized the Gorges and the people recognized him as an ex Publication Society, which has published ecutive of broad vision, fine public spirit valuable historical works. He built and and deep loyalty. gave to Gorham its public library and When he gave up literature as an ex museum, the latter occupying the house clusive profession, Mr. Baxter did not in which Mr. Baxter was born. Perhaps abandon his pen, but has employed it ex his most important and lasting work of a haustively in the intervals of business and public nature is the boulevard around official activities. In fact, literature has Back Bay, connecting the public parks of ever been the great interest of his life, Portland. That work was begun in 1896, and his contributions to historical and during his administration as mayor, and genealogical literature would stamp him the substantial part of the work complet as a prolific writer, had he no other oc ed prior to his retirement. During the cupation. In the annual report of the later progress he has aided in an advisory 306

-yp J*. ?L£L<^ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

capacity, and recently he had the satisfac sive good roads and automobile legisla tion of being the first to pass over the en tion of the State of Maine has been car tirely completed boulevard, an honor and ried to successful issue. He was a son of appreciation conferred upon him by the Andrew H. and Louise (Yeaton) Files, boulevard commissioners whose specially his father an educator of high reputation, invited guest he was. who at the time of the birth of his son Mr. Baxter married (first) September was principal of Old North School, Port 18, 1854, Sarah K. Lewis, daughter of land, Maine. Captain Ansel Lewis, of Portland, Maine. George Taylor Files was born in Port He married (second) April 2, 1872, Me- land, Maine, September 23, 1866. He hetable Cummings Proctor, a daughter of prepared for college in Portland High Abel Proctor, of Peabody, Massachusetts. School, whence he was graduated in 1885, Eight of Mr. Baxter's eleven children are having previously completed the primary living. and grammar courses of study in the city Such are the bright lights in a life now public schools. He entered Bowdoin Col in its eighty-ninth year. They have been lege in the fall of 1885, and at the end useful, prolific years, years not spent sel of four years of faithful study he was fishly but with due regard for the rights graduated with special honors and the de and needs of others. He has not built gree of Master of Arts. In his sophomore with an eye alone for the present, but his year he did extra work as an accredited work has been of such a character that tutor. He took a post-graduate course future generations shall "rise up and at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, called him blessed." Maryland, then spent two years at Leip zig, Germany, receiving from the Uni FILES, George Taylor, Ph.D., versity there the degree of Doctor of Phil osophy. Lecturer, Educator. He then returned to the United States, While well known as lecturer and edu accepted appointment as professor of cator, Professor Files was perhaps more German at Bowdoin, a post he ably filled widely known as an advocate of better until 1918, when he resigned to engage in highways, and among highway experts of war work, although over military age. At the Eastern United States, as an authori Bowdoin he took high rank as an educa ty on good roads and road construction. tor, and in his department maintained He was one of the first advocates of trunk the high standards which had placed line highways, and laid out a system for Bowdoin among the leading educational the State of Maine which today forms the institutions of the country. He endeared major part of the trunk line system of himself to the thousands of students who that State. He was the organizer of many passed through that famous institu of the most important highway laws now tion while he was a member of the fac in force in Maine, and was actively asso ulty, and was one of the most popular ciated in their framing and passage. He of professors. His vacations were usually was one of the founders, and was also spent abroad and were not wholly devot the official head of the Maine Automobile ed to travel and recreation, many montht Association, one of the largest organiza being spent in post-graduate work at tions of its kind in the country, and the European universities. association through which the progres When the United States entered the

З07 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY great World War in 191 7, Professor Files its representative in Southwestern Maine, took a strong stand in support of the and was a member of the Cumberland Government and the causes for which it Club, the Chamber of Commerce, and entered the conflict. Although past mili other Portland organizations. Politically tary age he was insistent upon doing he was a Republican. some special service in the field, and early Professor Files married, in Portland, in 1918 he joined the ranks of the Young May 9, 1894, Edith Davis, her father hav Men's Christian Association workers. In ing been a prominent business man and February, 1918, he sailed for France, financier of Portland, both he and his wife where for ten months, through the most now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Files were trying period of the war, he worked the parents of a daughter, Helen Louise among the French soldiers, achieving Files. wonderful results in maintaining their morale in the earlier months by his heart LEWIS, Weston, ening assurance that the "Americans were coming" to aid in the fight for jus Man of Large Affairs, Philanthropist. tice and humanity. He was at the front A more fitting prelude to a review of in France throughout the great German the life of Weston Lewis, now gone to offensives of the first half of 1918, and "that bourne from which no traveler re then saw that mighty Hun military ma turns," cannot be conceived than the fol chine crushed, the armistice signed, and lowing tribute from the pen of his life in Paris participated in the famous peace time friend and business associate, Jo- celebration, a celebration such as the siah S. Maxcy: world had never before witnessed. His My acquaintance with Weston Lewis began in work in France had attracted such favor the old time Lyceum building, when I entered able attention from the authorities that school in the fall of 1866. I was a small, under Professor Files was placed in charge of sized boy, scarcely twelve years old, and as then the educational work in the Foyers du was the custom I was being hazed. Weston, who Soldat for the entire Eighth French Ar was one of the largest boys, said, "He is small, don't hurt him," picked me up and tossed me out my, and was urged to accept even great of the ring. This has been characteristic of him er responsibilities, but he felt that his through life, — to help the weak. health did not justify his assuming them. The old Lyceum building burned in the fall of He returned to the United States in No 1869, and the high school was demoralized until vember, 1918, for an extended rest before the spring of 1872, when he was engaged as a teacher. He had just passed his twenty-first going again to France to take up his work birthday and was a young giant in strength and during the period of the demobilization of stature. As in after life, he soon asserted him the French army. Mr. Files died in Bos self, and it took only a short time to throw the ton, April 23, 1919. unruly boys over the seats and restore order. In Brunswick, Maine, the seat of Bow- Our real acquaintance started when he entered the Savings Bank in 1875, and we soon had busi doin College and Professor Files' home, ness interests in common. For over a third of a he is rated one of the leading, influential, century, when both were in Gardiner, we were public-spirited citizens. He was a mem with each other daily, and we traveled together ber of the leading college and local clubs, thousands of miles on business trips. We en prominent socially, and in Portland was gaged in the building and operation of water plants, in the ice business, in banking, railroading, as well known as in Brunswick. He was timber interests and mining. In our extensive selected by the Portland Rotary Club as business we kept no regular co-partnership books, 308

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and had no written agreements, yet no question later. The next three years, 1872-75, were as to settlements ever arose. We had perfect spent as principal of Gardiner High mutual confidence and never failed to agree upon School, then retired as an educator to en any conversation that had occurred years before. Large, strong, vigorous, optimistic, bold in bus ter business life. In 1875 he was chosen iness ventures, yet so sensitive to censure that assistant treasurer of the Gardiner Sav I have known of his refusal to run for office ings Institution, and a year later was on account of the notoriety and criticism of a elected treasurer of the same institution, campaign. Unknown to the world, he has helped serving until 1888, when he was chosen many a young man to an education and has made considerable sacrifice from a generous impulse by the board of directors as the executive to assist others. head of the institution. In 1885 Mr. Lew Weston Lewis was a man of broad ideas, loyal is began his close association with Josiah to his friends, and generous with his counsel and S. Maxcy, an association which only gifts. For many years he has been a power in death dissolved. Their first large asso our city, and even more than we now realize, we ciated business was in the erection of the shall feel his loss. Gardiner water works, a venture which Just across the Kennebec river from at that time was one of some uncertainty Gardiner, in Pittston township, Kennebec as a profitable one. But both men pos county, Maine, lies the village of Pitts- sessed broad vision and public spirit ton, the birthplace of Weston Lewis, and which nerved them to the task which the home of his parents. Warren R. Lew eventually brought them abundant re is, father of Weston Lewis, son of Ste turn. During the years which followed, phen W. Lewis, was born in Jefferson, Messrs. Lewis and Maxcy constructed Maine, a farmer, who retired after a suc water works systems at Waterville, Fair cessful career, honored and esteemed by field, Dover, Foxcroft, Calais, St. Steph all. He married Laura Jane Carleton, ens, Madison, Maine, and at Milltown, born at Kings Mills, Maine, who gave her New Brunswick, buying controlling in life for that of her son, Weston, at his terest in the systems at Bath and Bruns birth, December 26, 1850. Weston Lew wick, Maine. All these interests were con is spent his youth in his native town, but solidated under the corporate name, The later, when choosing a residence and base Maine Water Company. The Maine Trust of activity, he selected Gardiner, just and Banking Company, of Gardiner, across the river from his birthplace. There Maine, was organized in 1889, Weston the adult period of his years, sixty-seven, Lewis being chosen its first president, were passed, and when the end came, and until his death, twenty-nine years shortly before midnight, September 21, later, no other man held that office. He 1918, at his home, "The Cove," the com was president of the Kennebec Central munity mourned the loss of its best and Railroad from its inception, and president truest friend. of the Sandy River Railroad for twenty Weston Lewis attended the public years, until its purchase by the Maine school of his native town and of Gardiner, Central, in 191 1. For eight years he was completing preparation for college by director of the Maine Central Railroad, graduating from the Gardiner High director of the Mutual Union Life Insur School, class of 1868. He then spent four ance Company of Portland, Maine, direc years at Bowdoin College, whence he was tor of the Bath Iron Works, Limited, and graduated А. В., class of 1872, receiving had many other important business con the degree of A. M. from his alma mater nections, part of these being with corpo

З09 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

rations and business enterprises beyond Mrs. Lewis were the parents of two sons : local or State limits. Carleton, of whom further; and Henry, He retained a lively interest in his now of Portland, Maine ; and one daugh alma mater and served her for eight years ter, Eleanor, wife of Theodore E. Emery, as a trustee, and was Bowdoin's loyal of Gardiner. friend always. He was president of the Such in brief was the lifework of Wes local Board of Trade, and was generous ton Lewis, whose life was lived in the with the financial aid so necessary in all public view, and pronounced good. A enterprises to make well-intentioned sym leader in the business world, his was a pathy really helpful. He was a Democrat potent voice in the councils of the Dem in politics, and served his city in both ocratic party of Maine, a vital force for branches of Council, representing Ward progress and good in his community. Too No. 3 in 1885, and in 1886-88 acting as much stress cannot be placed upon the alderman. He was a member of Gover value of his life to his fellowmen. When nor Plaisted's State Council in 1911-12, he was borne to his last resting place he and one of the strong men of that admin was followed by men of high distinc istration. When war with Germany tion as his honorary bearers: Ex-Gover brought forward new problems, he at nor William T. Cobb ; Morris McDonald, once willingly shouldered his part of the president of the Maine Central Railroad ; burden, and on Kennebec County Ex Kenneth Sills, president of Bowdoin Col emption Board, No. 2, served loyally un lege; Hon. E. B. Winslow, of Portland; til ill health compelled him to desist. This Robert H. Gardiner; Henry Richards; Jo- was true in all war activities and drives, siah S. Maxcy; N. С Barstow, of Gard as he was a hard worker in plac iner; С H. Gilman, of Portland, and ing Liberty Loans and in raising Gard Howard Corning, of Bangor. iner's quota for the various funds. He Carleton Lewis, eldest child of Weston was very friendly and approachable, sym and Eleanor W. (Partridge) Lewis, was pathetic to a high degree and generous born in Gardiner, Maine, October 6, 1878, in his response to every cause. Gifts of and died at Warren, Oregon, October 13, thousands were not unusual to him ; no 1918. He prepared for college in private worthy charity but received his aid, and schools, but did not enter, choosing in no progressive public enterprise he did stead a business career. At the age of not forward. He was a member of the eighteen, under the able training of his Masonic order, Cumberland Club of Port father, he had developed such keen busi land, Bramhall League of Portland, and ness instinct and was so good a judge of of two Boston clubs. In religious pref standing timber that he was sent out by erence he was an Episcopalian. Weston Lewis as a buyer of timber tracts Weston Lewis married, at Gardiner, in the Rangeley Lakes section. As he October 18, 1876, Eleanor W. Partridge, reached years of legal responsibility, he who survives her husband, and is a resi was admitted to several of his father's dent of Portland, Maine. She is a daugh railroad enterprises and became very fa ter of the late Charles H. Partridge, who miliar with banking operations. He re was born in Hallowell, Maine, a merchant mained with his father until 1905, then of Gardiner. He married Bridget Wes went to Oregon, where in the thirteen ton, born in Madison, Maine, both long years of life yet remaining to him he be since passed to their reward. Mr. and came very prominent as a banking and

310 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

business man. He established a bank at min Farrel, figured prominently in the Rainier, a town of Columbia county, Ore industrial development of Waterbury and gon, on the Columbia river, fifty miles surrounding towns in the middle and lat north of Portland ; another at White Sal ter half of the nineteenth century. They mon, Klickitat county, Washington, and were lineal descendants of Benjamin Far was in charge of the Columbia river agen rel, who was born in 1753; a prosperous cy of the Dupont Powder Company. He landowner and farmer on the outskirts of owned a large farm at Warren, Columbia the town of Waterbury, whose grandsons county, Oregon, and there in 1916 he rose to positions of leadership in the life erected a handsome residence, removing and affairs of the city of Watebury and thence from Portland, which had been the country round about. The late Miles his home ever since locating in Oregon. Benjamin Farrel, although a native of His home in Portland was in that part of Waterbury, was a resident of Seymour, the city known as Portland Heights, op and one of its foremost citizens and bus posite Mt. Hood. He was a business man iness men during the greater part of his of high ability, energetic, clear visioned life. and fearless in following where his judg Benjamin Farrel, member of a family ment led. Mr. Lewis was a Democrat in long established and prominent in the vi politics, and loyal in his party allegiance, cinity of Waterbury, was born in 1753. but public life held no attraction for him, He was a well known and prosperous- and he persistently refused nomination farmer. On December 15, 1775, he mar for political office. He was a member of ried Lois Williams, who was born in; the Oregon Home Guard, ranking as ma 1755, and died January 11, 1802. They jor, and prominent in the Masonic or were the parents of the following chil der, holding the thirty-second degree of dren: 1. Zebah, born October 7, 1776; the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, and married Mehitable Benham, and was the was affiliated with lodge, chapter and father of Almon Farrel, founder of the commandery of the York Rite; also was Waterbury Farrel Foundry & Machine a noble of the Mystic Shrine. His club Company. 2. Lucy, married Joseph Nich was the Portland, of Portland, and his ols. 3. Lowly. 4. Lois, married Silas religious faith that of the Protestant Epis Payne. 5. Benjamin (2) mentioned be copal church. low. 6. Polly. Carleton Lewis married, December 31, Benjamin (2) Farrel, son of Benjamin 1902, Elizabeth S. Clark, daughter of and Lois (Williams) Farrel, was born in Charles W. Clark, of Markesan, Green Waterbury, December 5, 1788. He was a Lake county, Wisconsin. farmer and large landowner in Water bury, and in addition conducted a saw FARREL, Miles Benjamin, mill situated between the mouths of East Mountain and Turkey Hill brook, which Manufacturer. he erected in 1816, or prior to that date. This name has been intimately and He was one of the earliest members of prominently identified with the great the First Baptist Church in Waterbury. manufacturing industries of Waterbury Benjamin (2) Farrel married Levee and the Naugatuck Valley since the be Frost, daughter of Rev. Jesse Frost. He ginning of the nineteenth century. Almon died October 26, 1838. The children of Farrel, Franklin Farrel, and Miles Benja Benjamin and Levee (Frost) Farrel 311 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY were: i. Chloe Ursula; married M. C. Shortly after removing to Seymour Wedge. 2. Polly Selina. 3. James. 4. with his family, Mr. Farrel purchased Amos Miles, mentioned below. 5. Levee property in one of the most desirable res Jennet; married M. E. Terrell. 6. Julia idential sections of the town, and erected Henrietta. 7. James Benjamin. a large two-family house on the street Amos Miles Farrel, son of Benjamin which was subsequently named in his {2) and Levee (Frost) Farrel, was born honor. At a later date, he erected the in Waterbury, Connecticut, March 4, residence at No. 23 Farrel street, which is 1820, and was a lifelong resident there. now the home of his widow and daugh He was a blacksmith and conducted a ters. Although he remained totally aloof shop in Waterbury for many years. He from politics, Mr. Farrel was deeply in married Caroline E. Hall, and among terested in the welfare and development their children was Miles Benjamin Far of Seymour, and identified himself active rel, mentioned below. ly with all movements designed to ad Miles Benjamin Farrel, son of Amos vance this end. He was a well known Miles and Caroline E. (Hall) Farrel, was figure in town affairs. born in Waterbury, Connecticut, in July, Mr. Farrel married June 11, 1877, Emma 1854 He was educated in the public S. Allen, daughter of Edward and Thank schools, but at an early age quitted his ful (Smith) Allen, old and highly re studies to begin his business career. He spected residents of Prospect, Connecti secured his first position in his father's cut. Edward Allen was a native of Wa shop, and up to the time of his marriage terbury, and during the early part of his was employed in several establishments life was an expert brass roller there. Fol as a mechanic and wheelwright. Follow lowing his removal to Prospect, he en ing his marriage, Mr. Farrel removed to gaged in agricultural pursuits. On April Seymour, where he became associated 17, 1842, he married, in Waterbury, with the Seymour Manufacturing Com Thankful Smith, and they were the par pany, in the capacity of expert mechanic. ents of Emma Sophia Allen, widow of He rapidly became an important factor in the late Miles Benjamin Farrel. Mr. and the management of the plant, and was ad Mrs. Farrel were the parents of the fol vanced to the post of master mechanic. lowing children: Frank Miles, died in Mr. Farrel was a man of great executive childhood; Bertha Edith, Ruby Emma, ability, as well as a mechanic of consider Grace Leva. Since the death of her hus able genius. He was eminently respected band, Mrs. Farrel has sold the home at and well liked both by the officials of the East Mountain, Waterbury, where they Seymour Manufacturing Company, and began their married life. Miles Ben by the men who were under his super jamin Farrel died at his home in Sey vision, and his untimely death, at the age mour, September 11, 1899, in his forty- of forty-five years, was the cause of sin fifth year. cere and wide spread grief. A man of unimpeachable honesty, sincere in his HUNNEWELL, George Richard, purposes, kindly, courteous, broad in his views and tolerant of the opinions of oth Business Man, Agriculturist. ers, quick in his sympathies, and ever When the first of Hunnewells in this ready to lend a helping hand, he endeared branch settled in the State of Maine, he himself to hundreds, and his friends were bought a farm seven and a half miles legion. south of Auburn City, and there the 312

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY greater part of his wonderfully long life, Pittsfield, Maine, who died in 1914, aged which extended well over the century fifty-eight years; George Richard, to mark, was spent. The old farm became whom this review is inscribed; Edna the property of his son, who thereon spent Florence, wife of Samuel J. Foster, of his life and then passed it on to his heirs, Gray, Maine, and mother of a daughter, the old homestead eventually becoming Rachel Foster. the property of the present owner, George George Richard Hunnewell, third son Richard Hunnewell, son of George W. of George W. and Rachel (Sawyer) Hun Hunnewell, and grandson of Benjamin newell, was born at the homestead (which Hunnewell, the original owner. The old he now owns), near Auburn, Maine, homestead farm bears little likeness to March 27, 1856, and there his youth and that of a century ago, the present owner early manhood years were spent. He was having increased its area to seven hun educated in Auburn public schools, and dred acres and carried to completion a se there his life has been spent. His ries of modern improvements, which residence at the farm was built by him in makes it an estate most creditable to any 1907, as part of his comprehensive plan of section of this country. Modern methods improvement of the estate. He is execu of crop cultivation and management have tive head of the G. R. Hunnewell Fur brought the farm to a state of great pro Company, a corporation with fur buyers ductiveness and beauty, and although Mr. throughout the Canadain provinces, the Hunnewell has large business interests company purchasing during the year 1918 elsewhere, his farm is his great pride and raw fur to the value of $350,000. The satisfaction. He is widely known through company also operates a store in Auburn, out Maine and Canada as head of the G. handling a complete line of sporting R. Hunnewell Fur Company, and holds a goods. leading position among the men who have Essentially a business man, Mr. Hunne aided in developing the natural resources well has few other interests than those of his State. mentioned, neither political nor club life Benjamin Hunnewell, previously re appealing to him, although he is one of ferred to, was a remarkable and unusual the most friendly and genial of men. He example of human strength and physical vies with the most loyal and public spir endurances. He was about six feet in ited in his efforts to advance the interests height, a giant in strength and energy, of his section of the State, and has ac whose life covered a span of one hundred complished a great deal. He is a mem and three years. His son, George W. ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, Hunnewell, was born at the homestead and of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. His farm near Auburn City, Maine, and there friends are legion, and he holds the con spent his life, a successful agriculturist. fidence and esteem of his community to He married Rachel Sawyer, born in Pow- an unusual degree. nal, Maine, who died at the age of fifty- four years. George W. Hunnewell died STEVENS, John Austin, aged eighty-seven years. They were the parents of three sons and a daughter: Historian, Author, Financier. Winfield Scott, a farmer, who died in John Austin Stevens, historian of the 191 5, aged sixty-four; William Rinaldo, a Colonial period and of the American Rev farmer and extensive real estate owner of olution, author and financier, was born in 313 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

New York City, January 21, 1827, son of years secretary of the New York Cham John Austin and Abby (Weld) Stevens, ber of Commerce, one of the organizers and grandson of Ebenezer Stevens, a lieu and first president of the Merchants' Ex tenant-colonel of the Second Continental change, and president of the Bank of Artillery in the Revolutionary War, and Commerce from its establishment in 1839 one of the military escort of General to 1866, and of the Associated Banks of Washington on his triumphal entry into New York, Philadelphia and Boston, New York City on Evacuation Day, No which met in August, 1861, and decided vember 25, 1783. Mr. Stevens was of to take $150,000,000 of the Government purely English origin, his ancestors be Loan. The terms of the transaction -were ing among the earliest of the Puritan Pil dictated by him. He was chairman, al grims. Distinguished among his forebears so, of the Treasury Note Committee, were Richard Warren, twelfth signer of which managed the colossal loan to the the "Mayflower" compact, whose signa government of the United States, in gold ture is affixed to the famous covenant, a coin, in 1862. member of Captain Myles Standish's John Austin Stevens, the son, was edu company of musketeers in the Great cated at private schools in New York Meadow fight of 1826 (from whom Mr. City, and at the early age of fifteen en Stevens was eighth in descent) ; Colonel tered Harvard College, where he was Benjamin Church, commander of troops graduated B. A. (in that class of dis for the Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth tinguished scholars of 1846), versed in the colonies in King Philip's War in 1676; classics, proficient in mathematics, logic and another ancestor, equally brave, and literary composition and thoroughly Dragoon Thomas Hawley, killed in the conversant with English, French and memorable fight against the Indians at Spanish literature. Among his class Sudbury, Massachusetts, April 21, 1676. mates were Senator George F. Hoar, and Others were Erasmus Stevens, ensign the three eminent Harvard professors, First Company of Marblehead, Captain Francis J. Child, George Martin Lane, Samuel Ward, 1683; and Erasmus Ste and Charles Eliot Norton. Edward Ev vens, Jr., his son, lieutenant of the An erett was at this time president of the cient and Honorable Artillery Company faculty. On his return to New York from of Boston in 1739. Mr. Stevens was the college, Mr. Stevens entered the office of great-grandson of Colonel William Per Spofford, Tileston & Company, one of the kins of Boston, who in 1775 was a captain largest mercantile houses in the city, in Knox's Artillery, and of Judge John where he had charge of their entire cor Ledyard, a prominent jurist of Connecti respondence, and was for many years cut, a deputy for many years to the Co their cashier. In 1852 he formed a part lonial Assembly of the Hartford Colony, nership with John Storey, of Cuba, with whose son, Colonel William Ledyard, which island they carried on extensive commanded Fort Griswold at New Lon importations. This connection was closed don, and was treacherously murdered by in 1861, on the breaking out of hostilities. British Commander Bloomfield after he Mr. Stevens was a Republican in the Fre had honorably surrendered the fort on mont campaign of 1856, from which po September 6, 1781. Mr. Stevens' father, litical faith he never wavered. In the John A, Stevens, (1 795-1 874), a graduate panic of 1857, he was secretary of the of Yale College in 1813, was for many Exchange Committee, appointed by the

34 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY banks of New York to purchase produce tional unity, both in principle and terri bills. He also raised the special fund torial boundary. "The primary object which enabled Dr. Hayes to carry with of this league is and shall be, to bind to him the facilities for photography on his gether all men of all trades and profes voyage to the Arctic Sea. Cape Stevens sions in a common union, to maintain the was named for him. power, glory and integrity of the nation." It was during these years that he spent This appeal he had posted upon the build much time and thought in familiarizing ings of the "Tribune," and "Evening himself with the details of the struggles Post," inviting signatures, whereupon of his native land for freedom and prog nearly ten thousand persons affixed their ress. In the autumn of i860, Mr. Ste names to this pledge. A public meeting vens, who had taken part in the formation of the signers was called at the Cooper of the Republican party, organized the Institute, on the evening of March 20, great meeting on the steps of the Mer 1863, a council appointed, and the Loyal chants' Exchange, over which his father National League formed, which soon presided, which rallied men of all parties had branches all over the country. This in New York to the support of Mr. Lin was the first introduction of the League coln and the Federal government, and principle in American politics. The Loy alone organized and directed the series of al National League was inaugurated in public meetings at the Cooper Institute, a mass meeting on Union Square on the when Chase, Grow, Doolittle, Thad Ste anniversary of the attack on Fort Sum vens, Doubleday, and other leading ter, on Saturday, April 11, 1863, when statesmen from out the State spoke in the vast assemblage numbered some thir turn, rallying the people to the election ty thousand people and the wildest en of Lincoln. In 1862, Mr. Stevens was the thusiasm prevailed. Determined to ex confidential secretary of the Treasury tend the influence of the League, Mr. Ste Note Committee, of which his father was vens secured the organization of numer chairman. To his suggestion is due the ous leagues covering the State. In the imprint on the bonds of the United summer a convention was called at Uri States pledging the entire customs' rev ca, which was attended by a large as enues in coin to the payment of the inter semblage of distinguished men ; virile res est on the public debt. In the spring olutions were adopted and the govern of 1863, Mr. Stevens drew the pledge of ment strengthened to assert a vigorous the Loyal National League and organ policy. To Mr. Stevens was due the in ized that body which shaped the Re spiration of the League. Probably no publican policy of New York. He brought man of his age did more to bring about the influence of the people to bear upon compact and efficient organization among the administration in a novel manner. the men of the North than young Mr. Drawing up a short document, he called Stevens. He was the manager and gen upon the people to associate themselves eral director of the Loyal Publication into a Loyal National League, pledg Society, which flooded the North and ing theniselves to unconditional loyalty to the army with wholesome literature. the government of the United States, to Mr. Stevens was the organizer and sec an unwavering support of its effort to retary of the National War Committee, suppress the rebellion, and to spare no which succeeded the Union Defense Com endeavor to maintain unimpaired the na mittee, and received the thanks of Sec 315 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY retary Stanton and General Halleck for In 1862, Mr. Stevens was chosen secre timely service. The plan of depot camps tary of the New York Chamber of Com suggested by him received the approval merce, which office he held for six years, of the War Department. He organized the from 1862 to 1868, during which time he expedition for the relief of Texas, which presented an exhaustive research on was diverted from its original purpose "Ocean Steamship Navigation," some val to the relief of General Butler at New Or uable statistical reports, and many inter leans. He initiated the movement and esting memorial papers. In 1867 he pub was secretary of the committee which lished the Colonial records of the Cham raised the sum of over two hundred thou ber of Commerce from 1768 to 1784, with sand dollars for the relief of East Ten biographical and other notes, and found nessee, personally raising the fund. At ed the gallery of portraits. In 1868, after the appeal of General Gilmore, Mr. Ste organizing the celebration of the one hun vens sent him at Charleston (again rais dredth anniversary of the founding of the ing the fund) the calcium lights whcih Chamber of Commerce, on which occa secured the desertion of Fort Wagner by sion he delivered the Centennial address, the rebels. In 1861, Mr. Stevens took un Mr. Stevens resigned his secretaryship, to der his special charge the recruitment of visit Europe. During a five years' so the Fifty-first Regiment, New York State journ abroad, Mr. Stevens witnessed Volunteer Infantry, sending it to the many stirring events— the downfall of the front, maintaining it and keeping it in the French Empire and the Proclamation of field from the beginning to the close of the Republic, in 1870. Receiving notifica the war, contributing liberally towards its tion from the Chamber of Commerce of support himself, and by personal solicita his appointment on the commission to dis tion securing the necessary fund for an tribute its contributions to the relief of extra bounty from our liberal citizens. As Paris after the siege, Mr. Stevens entered a special mark of esteem to John Austin Paris on the first train, but at the instance Stevens "for the intimate identification of Minister Washburn, waived his action of himself with the interests of this regi in favor of Mr. Riggs, who had been con ment, and his continuous efforts for its nected with the ambulance corps during special benefit," he was elected an hon the siege. Mr. Stevens remained in Par orary member of this regiment, May 1, is throughout the Commune. With Gen 1864. Mr. Stevens shared with others in eral Sheridan he saw the fall of the Co the movement to recruit the Ninth Army lonne Vendôme. After the Commune, Corps for the conquest of the Carolina Mr. Stevens resided for a year in Lon coast, under Burnside, and was with Gen don, where he was the agent for Messrs. eral Stoneman at Poolesville when his Jay Cooke and Company, in connection lines were turned by the rebel cavalry un with the Northern Pacific Railroad, and der Stuart, and rode as his aid to White's in 1872 made a tour of Alsace and Lor Ford in pursuit of the retreating column. raine, to examine into the feasibility of In appreciation of his services to the gov extensive emigration from those captured ernment, Mr. Stevens was offered and de provinces. Returning to New York in clined the positions of Commissioner of 1873, Mr. Stevens resumed his interest Inetrnal Revenue and Registrar of in public affairs and financial matters. He the Treasury. Mr. Lincoln also ten found the business world convulsed with dered him the post of Consul-General to agitation for the resumption of "specie Paris. payment." Seeing that untold disaster 316 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

must result if the currency were not put ress of New York in a Century, 1776- on a metal foundation he contributed to 1876," On May 2, 1876, he delivered be the "New York Times," in September fore the Society an address on "The New and October, 1873, a series of financial ar York Delegates to the Continental Con ticles under the signature "Knickerbock gress." He was a delegate to the Con er," on the "Resumption of Specie Pay gress of Authors, which met in Indepen ment by the Government." These articles dence Hall, Philadelphia, July 2, 1876, attracted wide attention, and in 1875 Con and read the sketch on "John Alsop, New gress passed a law that specie payment York delegate in Continental Congress, should be resumed in 1879. In 1874, Mr. 1774-1776." Mr. Stevens organized the Stevens was a delegate to the convention celebration of the Centennial anniversary of the Boards of Trade at Baltimore, and of the Battle of Harlem Plains in 1876, delivered at their request an address on also the celebration of Bemis' Heights the national finances. Later, he appeared (Saratoga) September 19, 1877, and de before the finance committee at Washing livered the oration on the site where a ton. His views may be found in their century before his grandfather, Col. Eb- printed report on "Banking and Cur enezer Stevens, had commanded the artil rency," February, 1874. Again in that lery of the Northern Department. In the year he visited Washington, to procure autumn of 1877, he organized the meet the repeal of the odious "Moiety ing at the Academy of Music, in com Law," and remained at his post until the memoration of the one hundredth anni law was repealed. versary of the adoption of the Constitu In 1876, Mr. Stevens organized the tion of the State of New York. He was meeting on the steps of the Sub-Treas the prime mover in the National Centen ury, to stand by the President, and in the nial of the Battle of Yorktown, 1881, and same year was elected librarian of the secretary of the New York commission New York Historical Society (of which which received and entertained the French he was a life member) a position which delegation visiting New York on that oc he held for two years 1876-78, his love casion, also one of the State commission for historical research and deep interest ers appointed by Governor Cornell for in his native city leading him to con the reception of the descendants of the tribute at different times valuable docu Marquis de Lafayette. ments to its archives. He read papers In 1877, Mr. Stevens founded "the Mag before the Society in 1875 on "The Mer azine of American History," which he ed chants of New York, 1765-1775," on the ited until January, 1882, contributing "Stamp Act in New York, 1765," an ad many historical essays to its pages. dress in which the main point of interest Among these was the above mentioned is the establishment of the claim of New sketch, presented before the Congress of York as the originator of the Non-Impor Authors in Philadelphia, "The Birth of tation agreement of 1776, and a demand the Empire State," "The French in Rhode for the reversal of the order of procedure Island," "The Southern Campaign," upon the tablet set up in Independence "Gates at Camden," "Allies at York- Hall, Philadelphia. On the approach of town," and "The Duc de Lauzun." In the Centennial of American Indepen 1879 he delivered an address before the dence, he prepared at the request of the Rhode Island Historical Society, of which Society an elaborate sketch of "The Prog he was a member, on "The French in 317 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Rhode Island During the Revolutionary of the Revolution, a patriotic society on War." In 1880 he delivered before the the order of the Cincinnati, yet on broad Historical Society of Pennsylvania an ad er lines, admitting the descendants of dress on "The Route of the Allies; the all those who had served in the military, March of Washington and Rochambeau naval, or civil service at the time of the from King's Ferry to Head of the Elk," Revolution. In a circular letter head and in the same year, before the Histor ed "Sons of the Revolution," he invited a ical Society of Maryland, an address on meeting at the New York Historical So the "Southern Expedition of Lafayette," ciety, February 22, 1876, — "the call" and again in 1880 before the same society, which led to the formation of the society another anniversary address on the Bat which has spread to thirty-two States in tle of Yorktown. Following his remov the Union and was the origin of the Sons al to Newport, Mr. Stevens became deep of the Revolution. The society was re ly interested in Rhode Island's history, organized December 4, 1883, when Mr. and his contributions on this subject Stevens was elected its first president, form some of the most brilliant and valu and incorporated April 29, 1884, to "keep able papers extant on the history of the alive among ourselves and our descend Colony and State. In 1888 he contributed ants the patriotic spirit of the men who, eight chapters to the "History of New in military, naval or civil service, by their port County," by Richard M. Bayles, en acts or counsel, achieved American in titled "The Founders of Newport," "In dependence ; to collect and secure for pres dian Revelations," "Newport in the Co ervation the manuscript rolls, records and lonial Wars," "Newport in the Revolu other documents relating to the War of tion," "Newport in the Revolution Con the Revolution, and to promote inter tinued," "Newport in the Wars of the course and good feeling among its mem XlXth Century," "Churches and Public bers now and hereafter." At Fraunces' Schools," "Newport, Town and City." Tavern, New York, there is a tablet with Further works by Mr. Stevens on the his the following inscription, which perpetu tory of Newport were: "Historic Houses ates this event: of Newport; the Vernon House," 1889; Sons of the Revolution — founded February 22, "The Beginnings of a State," 1889; and 1876, the "History of the Newport Artillery by John Austin Stevens. Company," 1895, written for that organi New York Historical Society Library. zation, which is the oldest active military Organized December 3, 1883, in this room. organization in the United States. In Incorporated April 29, 1884— Esto perpetua. Erected by the Board of Managers. 1896 he delivered before the Rhode Island Historical Society, an address on "The The Society of the Sons of the Revo Evolutions of American Finance." Mr. lution in the State of New York shows Stevens was a frequent speaker before so this 1919, an aggregate membership of cieties and public gatherings in Newport 2636. The last report of the General So on historic subjects. In 1897 he present ciety, 1914, gives a total membership of ed an address on "Newport in the Revo 6832 in the Society, and thirty-two (32) lutionary Period ; The French Occupa State societies. tion," before the Unity Club. An address on the "Sons of the Revo Mr. Stevens will be best remembered lution," was delivered by Mr. Stevens at as the founder of the Society of the Sons the first public gathering of the Rhode 318 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Island Society of Sons of the Revolution, Mr. Stevens organized and was chair held in Newport on February 22, 1897. man of the committee which celebrated In the same year he delivered an address the Centennial of the evacuation of New before the Society of the Cincinnati, at York by the British, November 25, 1883. Newport, on "The State of Rhode Island The memorial lunch of the Chamber of and Providence Plantations." On July 5, Commerce, December 4, 1883, and the 1897, in the Representative Hall of the old "turtle feast," in commemoration of State House, he presented before the So Washington's farewell to his officers at ciety of the Cincinnati, a masterly ad Fraunces' Tavern on the same evening, dress on "Rhode Island in the Revolu were directed by him. At the Centennial tion," which drew the following comment celebration in 1889 of the inauguration from the New York "Times :" "The pub of George Washington as first President lic ought not to be deprived of its just of the United States, Mr. Stevens, a mem share of the glowing periods which clothe ber of the general entertainment commit the erudite researches of Mr. Stevens. tee of the Chamber of Commerce, took an Let the next meeting take place on the active part in all the ceremonies and de steps of the State House amid the hoarse livered before the Chamber the Centen cheering of the populace." On the even nial address, "The Merchants of New ing of the same day, he addressed the so York in 1789." In 1893, on the four hun ciety at their banquet at the Ocean dredth centennial of the discovery of House on "The 17th of September, 1777, America by Columbus, an appropriation Saratoga," and "The 19th of October, was made by a special committee of the 1 781, Yorktown." On August 12, 1897, Chamber of Commerce, of which Mr. by request of George W. Olney and Stevens was secretary, for the reception James M. Varnum, Mr. Stevens organized and entertainment of the lineal descen the Society of Colonial Wars in the State dants of Columbus, His Grace, the Duke of Rhode Island and Providence Planta of Veragua, Lord High Admiral of Spain, tions, at Newport, declining the office and his family. These celebrations, the of first governor. A charter was granted address of welcome to the Duke of Vera by the General Society, December 21, gua by the three institutions, the New 1897. The first annual court of the Rhode York Historical Society, the Chamber of Island Society was held in Newport on Commerce and the American Geograph December 30th following, and at the gen ical Society, the magnificent reception in eral election, Mr. Stevens, one of the the Duke's honor at the Hotel Waldorf, twenty-five charter members, was chosen the banquet to the foreign and United historian, and served in that capacity un States naval officers, the ball to the guests til his death. At the third General Court of the city at Madison Square Garden, and of the Society of Colonial Wars in Rhode the shore parade of the foreign and Island, held at the Newport Historical United States sailors from the banks of Society rooms, August 12, 1899, Mr. Ste the Hudson to the City Hall, one and all vens submitted a paper on "King Phil were carried out by Mr. Stevens and his ip's War." At the General Court held son. in Providence, December 30, 1903, Mr. In 1882, Mr. Stevens wrote "The Life Stevens presented "The Privateers, a of Albert Gallatin" for the American sketch of The Naval Militia of the Col Statesmen series, one of his most import onies." ant works. In collaboration with Profes 319 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY sor J. S. Newberry, of the Columbia moir of George Gibbs," 1873; "Re School of Mines, he prepared an article sumption of 'Specie Payment,'" 1873; a upon New York State, which appeared in translation of Taine's "Notes on Paris," the ninth edition (1884) of the "Encyclo 1875; "Battle of Harlem Plains," 1876; paedia Britannica." He is the author of a "Progress of New York in a Century," Revolutionary War play, "Colonel Bev 1776-1876;" Burgoyne Campaign," 1877; erly," and an historical novel, "The Ma "Expedition of Lafayette against Ar jor's Quest." In 1886, Mr. Stevens mov nold," 1878; "Yorktown Centennial Hand ed to Newport, Rhode Island, where he book," 1881; "Albert Gallatin," States continued his literary labors. He con men Series, 1882; "Union Defence Com tributed to the third volume of the "Nar mittee of the City of New York Minutes, rative and Critical History of America," etc.," New York, 1885; "The Merchants edited by Justin Winsor, the brilliant in New York in 1789," a centennial ad chapter entitled "The English in New dress delivered before the New York His York," which is reviewed by the New torical Society in 1889 ; "Christopher Co York "Times" of Sunday, December 26, lis, the first Projector of Inland Naviga 1886, as "a clear and intelligent presenta tion in America;" "Financial Develop tion of one of the least well known pas ment — United States Currency," 1898; sages in the development not only of the "Evolution of American Finance;" great city, but in fact of the nation. The "Horse Racing in Colonial Times;" "Me wisdom and liberality of the policy by moir of William Kelby, Librarian New which the representatives of the Duke of York Historical Society," 1898; "Memoir York made at first a loyal English col of A. A. Low, President of the Chamber ony of a community largely of Holland of Commerce, 1863-1867 ;" "Address to the ers, and then a vigorous and prosperous New York Society, Sons of the Revolu community of a population almost as var tion," February 22, 1900; "Progress of ied in the infancy of the city as it is to New York in a Century," 1800-1900, an day, are well brought out. With Mr. Ste exhaustive paper read before the New vens this is a work of love, and one to York Historical Society, November, which he has devoted much of his 1900, and printed in the "American His time for many years." He wrote many torical Magazine," New York, 1906, which chapters for General James Grant Wil Mr. Stevens edited at this time; "The son's "Memorial History of New York." Physical Development of the City of New Mr. Stevens, in addition to contribut York on the Plan of the Commissioners, ing frequently to historical publications, 1807-1907," printed in the "American His published many books, pamphlets, and torical Magazine," 1907; and "The Duke papers, viz.: "Proceedings at the Mass de Lauzun in France and America," Meeting of Loyal Citizens on Union which appeared in the "American His Square, New York, 15th day of July, torical Magazine," in September, 1907; 1862," New York, 1862; "The Submis- also a sketch of "Count Axel de Fersen sionists and Their Record," New York, 1755-1810." 1864; "Sherman vs. Hood," 1864; "Let Mr. Stevens was a liberal contributor ters of Loyal Soldiers," 1864; "Me to the history of his country, and it has morial of the Chamber of Commerce been said of him, "that to him, more than of the State of New York," 1864; to any other man, belongs the credit of "Valley of the Rio Grande," 1864; "Me the movement to create an interest in

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American history. His mastery of Eng The coffin, borne on the shoulders of lish was superb, he had all the resources six bearers, was wrapped in the American of the language at his command. In his flag, and the silken banners of the "Sons historical essays it is difficult to de of the Revolution," and surmounted by a cide which to admire the more, the superb Cross and wreath of blue corn vigor and sweep of his thought, flowers and the golden coreopsis, tied or the purity and power of his style." with the colors of the Society, a farewell During the last years of his life Mr. Ste tribute from the "Sons of the Revolution" vens made his home in Newport, Rhode to their founder. A full choir sang the Island, engaged in literary work, and tak music prepared as a requiem for King ing an active interest in the political ques Edward VII. tions of the day. At the close of the impressive cere Mr. Stevens married, June 5, 1855, Mar mony, Mr. Humphreys read a letter from garet Antoinette Morris, daughter of Wil Bishop Greer (the Chaplain of the So liam Lewis Morris, of Morrisania, and ciety) regretting his inability on account great-granddaughter of Richard Morris, of illness, to be present, in which he said : the "old Chief Justice," and had one son, The career of John Austin Stevens has been a John Austin (3) Stevens, who died in notable one. In all of his activities which have 1909, and two daughters. Mr. Stevens been many and varied, he has been actuated by died at Newport, on Thursday, June 16, the highest and noblest motives. In the best and 1910. truest sense of the word he was a patriot, de voted to the welfare of his country, and desirous Final honors were paid John Austin in every way to promote it. It was this unselfish Stevens by the "New York Society of the quality, which inspired him to establish the or Sons of the Revolution," at the funeral der of the "Sons of the Revolution" as a society, which would represent and cherish the best tra services held by them in St. Paul's Chap ditions of the American nation. el, New York City, on the afternoon of Tuesday, June 21, 1910. Services, in which the Chamber of Commerce and the СОЕ, Thomas Upham, New York Historical Society, corpora Physician, Man of Affair«. tions with which Mr. Stevens had long been identified, joined the cortege, form Dr. Thomas Upham Сое, of Bangor, ing at the "Chapter House," where the re Maine, for many years was successful in mains of Mr. Stevens, which had been the practice of his profession of medicine, brought to New York, rested. The fu and in addition to his professional duties neral procession, which had a military set has taken an active part in the financial ting, wound its way through the old and business life of the city. Dr. Сое is church yard to the sound of fife and drum, a member of an old and distinguished led by a detachment of the Veteran Corps family which traces its ancestry back to of Artillery of 1812, the four musicians the fourteenth century in England, and in black and gold uniforms and Napo to one John Сое, a native of Gesting- leonic strakos, wearing mourning badges, thorpe, in the County of Essex, England, their sword hilts tied with crepe. The where he was born probably about 1340, corpse was preceded by standard bearers, A. D., during the reign of Edward III. the colors veiled in crepe, the field music Arms— Argent, three piles wavy meeting near in scarlet and gold. The chief marshal of the base gules, between twelve martlets sable. the ceremony, mayor and pall bearers fol lowed. This period was one which marked 321 A. B.-6-21 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

about the height of chivalry in Europe, esque church there, the latter event oc and the lives of the historical characters curring October 26, 1596. According to of the time read more like romances than the genealogy of the Сое family, this like plain facts as we know them today. Robert Сое "became imbued with the The general public is very familiar, faith and desire for religious liberty of through the delightful novel of Sir Ar the Puritans, and joined the throng that thur Conan Doyle, with the "White Com left their homes, and braved the perils of pany," which was founded about 1360 by the deep and the hardships of pioneer life, Sir John Hawkwood, one of the famous in a wilderness infested with hostile sav commanders under the Black Prince, dur ages, to found a nation in the New ing the time of the French Wars, and World." He sailed from Ipswich for which under his command had a long and America, April 30, 1634, he and his fam brilliant career in Italy, fighting in the ily being among the eighty-three passen almost continuous wars of that country, gers to embark on the good ship "Fran attached to the forces of one or another of cis." He resided at Wethersfield, Con the Italian States, but principally, it necticut, for about five years, and after would appear, to those of Florence. The wards at several other settlements in Con •"White Company," or "Campagnia Bian necticut, and on Long Island, and finally ca" as it was called, was among the most at Hempstead, Long Island, where his famous of the bodies of free lances of the death occurred, probably in 1689, at the period, and membership in it pre-sup- venerable age of ninety-two years. From posed high courage and great military Robert Сое the line runs to the Rev. Cur ability. In this company was an English tis Сое, and Eben Сое, the father of the man called in the Italian chronicles "Coc," Dr. Сое of this sketch. "Cok," or "Coceo," who won his spurs as The Rev. Curtis Сое, native of Mid- a knight by his extraordinary valor in the dletown, Connecticut, born July 21, 1750, fierce battle of San Gallo, May 1, 1364, was a graduate of Brown University and and afterwards was one of Hawkwood's a prominent clergyman in his day. He principal captains. The evidence is con was pastor of the church at Durham, New clusive that this soldier of fortune was Sir Hampshire, in which capacity he served John Coo, who afterwards returned as a for more than a quarter of a century. It wealthy man to his native place of Gest- was during his pastorate that the Uni ingthorpe, and who, in association with tarian faith began to gain strength in Robert Rykendon, the elder, and Robert that region of New England, and so bit Rykendon, the younger, founded a chan ter were the dissensions in Mr. Coe's con try in honor of Sir John Hawkwood, his gregation that he finally resigned. An old leader, in the parish house of Heng- amusing story is told of him in this con ham Sibille. From this redoubtable war nection, it being stated that upon the oc rior are the Coes of America descended, casion of his last service in the Durham the line running from John Coo, through church he requested the congregation to his son, John Coo, and descendants of join in singing the One hundred and twen Robert Сое, the founder of the family in tieth psalm as follows: the New England colonies. "Thou God of Love, thou ever blessed, It was at Thorpe-Morieux, a small ru Pity my suffering state. ral parish in Suffolk county, that Robert When wilt thou set my soul at rest Сое was born and baptized in the pictur From lips that love deceit 322

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Hard lot of minel My days are cast for college. He then entered Bowdoin Col Among the sons of strife, lege, from which he graduated in 1857 Whose never-ceasing brawlings waste with the degree of A. B. and received My golden hours of life. from the same institution the degree of O, might I fly to change my place, A. M. three years later. As a youth he How would I choose to dwell had determined upon medicine as a pro In some wild, lonesome wilderness, And leave these gates of Hell." fession and accordingly entered the Jef ferson Medical College of Philadelphia, Mr. Сое afterwards removed to South from which he was graduated with the Newmarket (now Newfields) New class of 1861, taking his medical degree. Hampshire, where he became the owner Not content with the usual studies, how of a good farm and continued his re ever, Dr. Сое went abroad and for two ligious work, preaching in various parts years studied in Paris, where he attended of Maine and New Hampshire, until his the Hospital clinics and lectures at the death, June 7, 1829. Ecole de Medicine. In the year 1864 he Eben Сое, son of the Rev. Curtis and returned to Bangor, and here began the Anne (Thompson) Сое, and father of Dr. active practice of medicine, which he con Thomas Upham Сое, was born Decem tinued for about fifteen years uninterrupt ber 6, 1785, at Durham, New Hampshire. edly. Dr. Сое then withdrew from his He was a successful merchant and busi professional practice in order to give more ness man of Portsmouth, New Hamp time and attention to the large financial shire, and was president of the Laconia and business interests with which he had Bank there. He was also conspicuous in become associated. Dr. Сое had become the public affairs of the community. He in the meantime a prominent figure in the married (first), November 4, 1813, Me- business interests of Eastern Maine, and hitable Smith, daughter of the Hon. Eben was the owner of large tracts of timber and Mehitable (Sheafe) Smith, of Dur land in Maine and New Hampshire, as ham, New Hampshire, and (second), No well as valuable properties at Bangor and vember 30, 1835, Mary (Upham) Barker, elsewhere. Dr. Сое is president of the daughter of the Hon. Nathaniel and Ju Bangor Opera House Association, a di dith (Cogswell) Upham, and widow of rector of the Merrill Trust Company of the Hon. David Barker. Of this second Bangor, of the Bangor and Aroostook Rail union two children were born, Thomas road Company, of the European and Upham, with whose career we are here North American Railroad Company, the especially concerned, and Hetty Smith, Orono Pulp and Paper Company, and a born November 27, 1839, and died May trustee of the Penobscot County Savings 13. !842- Bank. He has also been a trustee of the Dr. Thomas Upham Сое, son of Eben Bangor Public Library for many years. and Mary (Upham-Barker) Сое, was born Although entirely without ambition in the at Northwood, New Hampshire, Decem political world, Dr. Сое has taken an ex ber 8, 1837. The first eight years of his ceedingly prominent part in local affairs life were spent in his native place, and he and served his city in a number of im then removed with his parents to Bangor, portant posts, among which should be Maine. As a child he attended the pub mentioned membership on the city school lic schools of Bangor, and graduated from and water boards. Always keenly inter the high school there after being prepared ested in historical and genealogical mat

323 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY ters, Dr. Сое is an active and conspicuous American ancestor, was an active partici member of the Maine Historical Society, pant in the Revolutionary War, being a the Bangor Historical Society, the New private in Lieutenant-Colonel Marinus England Historic-Genealogical Society, Willet's Fifth regiment, New York line, and the National Geographical Society. Captain Laurence Gross' company. Among scientific and other organizations Daniel W. McWilliams received his with which he is connected should be education at Montgomery (N. Y.) Acad mentioned the American Association for emy. He was a boy of great directness the Advancement of Science and the of purpose, and his mind was singularly Academy of Political and Social Science. under the control of uplifting ambition. His clubs are the Tarratine of Bangor, the From the earliest days of his working Alpha Delta Phi of New York. He is al years he showed a remarkable aptitude so vice-president for Maine of the Сое for picking up fragments of the business Association and contributes largely to the of railroad building. At eighteen he en valuable work done by this organization tered the service of the New York & in collecting and publishing historical Erie Railroad Company, in the engineer and genealogical matters connected with corps, then in the course of straightening his locality and family. and double-tracking its line. Here he re Dr. Сое was united in marriage, May mained during 1855-56. The next five 23, 1867, with Sada Loantha Harthorn, a years he turned his attention to banking daughter of Paul Dudley and Loantha and was connected with the Chemung Ca (Wyman) Harthorn, the former a descen nal Bank, at Elmira, New York. In 1861 dant of Governor Thomas Dudley and he was elected secretary and treasurer of Governor Joseph Dudley, early Colonial the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Railroad magistrates of Massachusetts. One son Company, with headquarters at Peoria, was born of this marriage, Dudley Сое, Illinois, continuing more than five years who died in 1887, at the age of fourteen in that capacity. After the successful re years. organization of that railroad, he accepted a confidential position in the banking McWILLIAMS, Daniel Wilkin, house of Henry G. Marquand, of New York, afterwards becoming a member of Railroad Financier, Philanthropist. the firm of Henry G. Marquand & Com Daniel Wilkin McWilliams, railroad fi pany, when Mr. Marquand and his busi nancier and philanthropist, was born at ness ally, Thomas Allen, bought the St. Hamptonburg, Orange county, New Louis & Iron Mountain Railroad Com York, May 29, 1837, son of John A. and pany from the State of Missouri, then ex Susan (Wilkin) McWilliams. His earliest tended the line southward to the Miss paternal American ancestor was John Mc issippi river, and built three other lines, Williams (born 1725, died 1802), who all of which became the consolidated St. came from Scotland and settled at Scotch- Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Rail town, Orange county, New York. His way. He was treasurer of these lines un wife was Sallie Haffie and from them the til 1881, when he resigned and became line of descent is traced through their son secretary and treasurer of the Manhattan Andrew, and his wife, Mary Jaggar, who Railway Company, which operated the were the grandparents of Daniel Wilkin consolidated elevated railroads of New McWilliams. John McWilliams, the first York City. In 1903 he became treasurer 324

%»u¿tf:Jn*#¿e¿¿- ¿ХЛАЛ^ъ ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY of the Interborough Rapid Transit Com Young Men's Christian Association, and pany, which leased the elevated roads and twice president of the Brooklyn Young built the first subway in New York. He Men's Christian Association. The inti continued four years in that capacity, but mate, lifelong friend of Dwight L. Moody, he meanwhile retained his post with the he became trustee of Northfield Seminary Manhattan Railway Company, and held it at its organization, and out of his share at the time of his death. When, in 1889, as residuary legatee under the will of the Kings County Trust Company was Frederick Marquand, he erected Mar- incorporated, he became a member of its quand Hall, which has become so well initial board of directors and was elected known in connection with the seminary. one of its vice-presidents, and so continu He was also trustee and treasurer of the ed until his death. He was a director of three Moody schools. He was trustee of the Fulton Bank of Brooklyn when it con the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn; solidated with the Mechanics' Bank, and one of the committee of management and the consolidated institution continued him treasurer of the Naval branch of the as a director. He was also a director of Brooklyn Young Men's Christian Asso the Standard Coupler Company and of ciation ; a trustee of the Association's real the Underwood Typewriter Company. estate and endowment fund; secretary Mr. McWilliams possessed a splendid and treasurer of its board of trustees, and sense of civic duty, and was active in the member of the advisory board of the In life of the community. Mayor Wurster, ternational Committee of the Association. the last chief magistrate of the city of He was a trustee of the Brooklyn Young Brooklyn, appointed him in 1896, one of Women's Christian Association ; member the original directors of the Brooklyn of the advisory board of the Brooklyn Public Library ; he was elected vice-pres Home for Consumptives; honorary vice- ident and continued in that capacity until president of the American Sunday School the consolidation with the Brooklyn Union; trustee of the Foreign Sunday library system. Andrew Carnegie and the School Union; member of the Board of city of New York named him as one of Foreign Missions, Presbyterian Church of their representatives in the building of the United States of America; director the Brooklyn branches of the Carnegie and corresponding secretary of St. Paul's public libraries. He had been a mem School, of Tarsus, Asia Minor, from its ber of the First Presbyterian Church of inception until its transfer to the Ameri Elmira, and the Second Presbyterian can Board of Commissioners of Foreign Church of Peoria. At the latter place Missions; member of the advisory board he started a Sunday school in a railway of Brooklyn City Missions and Tract So passenger car, from which evolved Grace ciety; trustee of the Bible Teachers' Presbyterian Church. In 1866 he united Training School of New York City ; vice- with the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian presidwit of the Presbyterian Board of Church, Rev. Theodore L. Cuyler, pastor, Hime Missions, and also member of the and from 1872 served as elder of that Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce ; Ameri church. For a quarter of a century he can Geographical Society; New York was superintendent of the Sunday school. Zoological Society; Museum of Natural He had also been assistant superintendent History, and Metropolitan Museum of of the Cumberland Street Chapel Sunday Art. School. He was a founder of the Elmira Mr. McWilliams was the devoted 325 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY friend of Hampton Institute. In 1888, af possible the employment of the first paid ter twenty-five years of service, when the secretaries of the student volunteer mis old schoolhouse for the children or refu sionary movement. His statesmanlike gees, built by General Butler, had become view of the world led him to see, more a mere shell, he and Mrs. McWilliams than thirty years prior to his death, the came to the aid of the institute by ap value of the open door for missions in propriating from the Marquand estate Korea. That he was rich in friendship money for a new training school, which was the testimony of multitudes of men was named for the poet Whittier. When who regard his memory with reverence. this building was later burned it was im Such men are the best human asset of a mediately rebuilt, with improvements, by community. He enjoyed life by retaining the erstwhile donors, and it is today the his interests in all the good things of center of a valuable part of Hampton's life. There is no theme of contemporary work. Mr. and Mrs. McWilliams were discussion that was foreign to his inter otherwise interested in Hampton's wel est. His life was long, and full, and use fare, being members of the Brooklyn ful. Armstrong Association, contributing a Mr. McWilliams was married, in New scholarship for nearly thirty-five years, York City, April 11, i860, to Helen Fran as well as helping in various other ways. ces Marquand, daughter of Josiah Mar He found recreation in the diversifying quand ; she was a niece of the late Henry of his mental interests. He kept in close G. and Frederick Marquand ; she survives touch with affairs throughout the world. him with five children: Frederick M.; His quiet and unostentatious demeanor Susan W., now Mrs. Robert M. Black did not conceal from those who knew him burn, of Reading, Pennsylvania; How best the depth of his convictions and the ard, a lawyer of New York City ; Clarence positive force of his character. Blessed A., a major in the United States Army with pious home training, his sensibilities Medical Corps (surgeon) ; and Helen M. were deep and his sympathies wide. In McWilliams. Mr. McWilliams died in his young manhood he passed with earn Brooklyn, New York, January 7, 1919. est effort to success. His type of men tality was distinctly constructive. Identi PROVOST Pierre Eusebe, fied with pioneer railroad interests in the Middle West and later with transpor Business Man, Pnblic Official. tation companies in New York, his coun No adopted nor native son of Maine sel was invaluable for sanity and fore served her more loyally than Pierre E. sight. But he was not content to be a Provost, a native of Canada, but from his mere builder of human enterprises. He sixth year a resident of the State of recognized his citizenship to be a dual Maine. He was the last of three brothers, one, and the most permanent of his ac who, for many years, lived in Lewiston, complishments have been in the realm Maine, and endeared themselves to their of religious, educational and civic activi fellow-citizens by their fine manliness of ties. Through the Young Men's Chris character. After the death of his two tian Association he early saw the possi brothers, both of whom died comparative bility of safe-guarding the moral welfare ly young, Pierre E. carried the entire bur and increasing the spiritual resources of den of management of the large mercan young manhood. His generous gifts made tile establishment of Provost & Sons, but 326

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Brunelle, who died January 6, 1903, leav nicipal Court of Bangor four years. He ing four children: Lucius, Justina, Syl was a veteran of the Civil War, holding va, and Adolphe. On June 12, 1904, he a second lieutenant's commission in the married Virginie M. Gagné, of Provi Thirtieth regiment, Maine Volunteer In dence, Rhode Island, who survives her fantry. husband with three children: Norman Taber Davis Bailey, son of Charles A. T., Cécile, and Pierre Eusebe, Junior. and Frances E. (Davis) Bailey, was born The following tribute appeared in the in Oldtown, Maine, April 5, 1874, and se Lewiston "Evening Journal" in referring cured his preparatory education in the to Mr. Provost's death: public schools of Bangor, finishing with graduation from high school in 1892. He His judgment in business matters was sound, and much sought after. Where any important then entered Bowdoin College, whence he question came up in the management of city af was graduated А. В., class of 1896. He fairs, the mayor, aldermen, and councilmen, al elected the study of law and began prep ways had great respect for Alderman Provost's aration in the law offices of Davis & Bail opinion. He was always honorable, fair, agree ey, of Bangor, his preceptors, ex-Gover able; everybody liked him and no one was ever nor Daniel F. Davis and his father, heard to speak of him except in the most com mendable way. His death being announced at the Charles A. Bailey. Under such able mas city government meeting, Monday night, cast a ters he made rapid progress, and came profound sorrow over the meeting. Rugged and to the bar thoroughly furnished and healthy, he was the last member expected to die. equipped. He was admitted to the Maine He never pushed himself forward, but was always bar in August, 1898, and is now head of a a leader, and would have been more prominent in public life if he had consented to the use of large practice which extends to all State his name by his friends. and Federal courts of the Bangor district. He is a member of the local and State bar BAILEY, Taber Davis, associations and commands the respect and esteem of his brethren of the bar as Lawyer, Legislator. well as the perfect confidence of his large Admitted to the courts of the State of clientele. His business interests outside Maine in 1898, Mr. Bailey located in the his profession are largely in timber and city of Bangor, and there, in the two dec timber lands. ades which have since elapsed, he has In politics, a Republican, Mr. Bailey taken a leading position among the able, has for many years been recognized as successful lawyers of his city. Like his one of the leaders of his district, and has father, who was also an eminent member served in important office. From 1897 of the Maine bar, he has given much time until 1900 he was a member of the City to the public service, and has served his Council, and in 1901 was president of the city and State in legislative capacity. He Common Council. In 1902 and 1903 he is a son of Charles Alanson and Frances was city solicitor for Bangor, and in 1913 Ellen (Davis) Bailey, her father a lawyer, was elected to represent the Bangor dis who at the time of the birth of his son trict in the Maine Senate. He was re was living in Oldtown, Maine. Charles turned to the Senate in 1917, and was A. Bailey served his district in the lower chosen president of that body for the ses house of the Maine Legislature in 1870; sion of 1917 and 1918. He filled that was county attorney for Penobscot coun high office with ability, and won the high ty for eight years, and judge of the Mu regard of his fellow Senators for his just 328

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY and impartial rulings. Senator Bailey dence that his deep knowledge of ma is a member of the Odd Fellows, Knights rine law, national and international, of Pythias, and the Benevolent and Pro would guide his clients aright. tective Order of Elks, having served the Mr. Thompson was one of two last named order as exalted ruler of the Maine members of the Maritime Law As Bangor Lodge. His clubs are the Tar- sociation, and a member of the commit ratine, Conduskeag Country, and Bangor tee which urged upon Congress the neces Yacht. In religious faith he is a Congre sity of a statute giving the right of action gationalism affiliated with All Souls' Con for loss of life upon the high seas, but no gregational Church. action of the kind asked for has yet been Senator Bailey married, at Bangor, taken. He was also a member of the June 17, 1901, Leila M. McDonald, daugh Admiralty Commiteee of the American ter of Isaac and Abethany McDonald. Bar Association, and widely known in his profession, his opinion in matters of the THOMPSON, Benjamin, highest importance being called for from all along the Atlantic coast. This was Admiralty Lawyer. especially true after the outbreak of the For thirty-seven years Benjamin great World War in 1914, breach of char Thompson practiced law in Portland, and ter parties being so frequent through the while he conducted a large general busi action of German submarines and through ness he specialized in admiralty law and the commandeering of vessels by the al became an authority in that branch of the lied government. Mr. Thompson was very law. His reputation along these lines thorough in the preparation of his cases, extended far beyond State or sectional and cleared up every clouded point before limits, and his opinion was sought in very passing it. For nearly forty years he important matters where a deep knowl occupied the same offices, and from them edge of admiralty law was required. Dur cases were prepared involving losses at ing his very extensive practice he com sea in about every part of the world, and piled a work on admiralty practice and he was concededly one of the best poised procedure, including an invaluable set of and informed lawyers in his special forms. He has also preserved the un branch of the law on the Atlantic coast. published admiralty opinions of Judge Benjamin Thompson was a son of Nathan Webb, of the United States Dis Charles Lewis Thompson, born in Top- trict Court of Maine, of whom Mr. sham, Maine, November 12, 1825, died in Thompson was a great admirer and Portland, Maine, June 23, 1897, and is friend. These unpublished opinions were buried in Evergreen Cemetery. The lat often referred to by Mr. Thompson in the ter was educated in the public schools, trials of admiralty cases. Mr. Thompson learned the carpenter's trade, also the ship won the honors of a profession ever gen carpenter's, and as a ship and house car erous to her talented sons, and when, dur penter he spent his active years. He was ing the recent World War, the submarine a resident of Topsham, 1825-50; of Bruns presented new complications and the wick, Maine, 1850-70; then until his commandeering of vessels by our own death, in 1897, resided in Portland, Maine. and allied governments constantly In politics he was a Democrat. He mar brought fresh questions of law before the ried, October 13, 1853, Clarissa Dunning, attorneys, he was turned to with confi born in Brunswick, Maine, November 24, 329 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1829, died March 16, 1888, daughter of upbuilding of clientele along general lines James and Elizabeth T. (Elkins) Dun of law business and was very successful ning, granddaughter of Andrew and Mrs. even from his earlier years as a practi Margaret (Miller-Ramson) Dunning, tioner. His practice became very large, great-granddaughter of Lieutenant James but for years he did not discriminate, then and Martha (Lithgow) Dunning, and a his natural preference for maritime af great-great-granddaughter of Andrew and fairs began to dominate and he became a Susan (Bond) Dunning. Her ancestor, still closer and more careful student of ad Andrew Dunning, was born in 1664, died miralty law. Finally he confined his prac at Maquoit, Brunswick, Maine, June 18, tice to such cases in the Federal courts, 1736. His gravestone, yet standing in the with the result that, during the last twen old cemetery below Brunswick village, is ty years of his life, cases growing out of the oldest stone there, and it is said to collisions at sea and other accidents of a have been engraved by his son, Lieuten maritime nature employed his entire ant James Dunning. Lieutenant James time. He delved deep into the law gov Dunning was "a famous Indian fighter," erning the cases he tried, and in course and saved many lives and towns from of time his fame as an exponent of ad savage foes. miralty law became widely extended. Benjamin Thompson was born in With a highly trained and organized Brunswick, Cumberland county, Maine, mind, Mr. Thompson combined a perfect October 13, 1857, and died in the city of ly organized system of office detail. The Portland, Maine, December 6, 1918. He details relative to every case he tried completed the courses of Brunswick's were typewritten, indexed, and filed in public school system, and finished a the boxes of a fireproof vault, thus pre course of special study at Lewiston Bus serving a reference record impossible to iness College, Lewiston, Maine, then properly value. Besides the State and spent some time on sailing vessels, be National honors he bore, Mr. Thompson coming very familiar with the construc was president of the Cumberland County tion, operation and qualities of ships, as Bar Association at the time of his death. well as imbibing a knowledge of the cus He was a Republican in politics, and in toms and unwritten law of the seas. He 1884 served as a member of the Portland was an able sailorman and won a num Common Council, representing Ward ber of small yacht races. One ; in 1889-90 he served upon the Board While still a very young man, Mr. of Aldermen. He was a member of the Thompson began the study of law in Maine Historical Society, but beyond his the office of the late Nathan Webb, State and National bar association mem who later became a judge of the United bership, he had no affiliation with frater States District Court of Maine, and nal orders, societies nor organizations. In the late Thomas H. Haskill, who be religious faith he was a Congregationalist, came judge of the Supreme Judicial and a deacon of the State Street Church. Court of Maine. Having passed sat He was a generous friend of all good isfactorily the tests imposed by the ex causes, and a powerful advocate for any amining board, he was duly admitted to worthy object which he championed. He the Maine bar, October 19, 1881, and at was one of the world's workers, and never once began practice in Portland. Mr. spared himself in a client's cause. He won Thompson applied himself closely to the professional fame because he deserved it.

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but his sole thought was to present his and he followed in the steps of his father cause in such a way to court and jury that and was postmaster of Eastport for many no matter how the verdict was rendered years. The first Oliver Shead built the he would have the consciousness that he first two-story house and owned the first had done his best. Men admired and re horse on the island. He was engaged spected him, but above all they trusted in general business under the firm name, him. Hayden & Shead. Oliver Shead, Jr., mar Mr. Thompson married, October 19, ried Sophia Jones Johnson, and through 1882, Emma Stuart Duffett, born in Mon his mother the late Mr. Shead was a de treal, Canada, February 9, 1859, a gradu scendant in the eighth generation from ate of the Portland High School, class of John and Priscilla Alden of "Mayflower" 187J?, daughter of Walter White and Mary fame. Stuart Duffett. Her father, Walter White Born February 9, 1835, at Eastport, Duffett, was of English birth, and in Maine, Edward E. Shead attended, as a Montreal, treasurer of the Grand Trunk boy, the local public schools, and at the Railroad Company. Benjamin and Em age of twenty-one began his business ca ma Stuart (Duffett) Thompson were the reer by the establishment of an apothe parents of five children : Marion Stuart, cary shop in this town. This was in the born December 30, 1884; Eleanor, born month of September, 1856, and from that March 13, Ï891 ; Clara Dunning, born date until within two years of his death, April 7, 1894; Nathan Webb, born Sep Mr. Shead continued activelyin this busi tember 30, 1895; Helen York, born June ness, which developed under his skill and 3, 1899- sound judgment to very large proportions. : Some years ago Mr. Shead admitted his SHEAD, Edward E., younger brother, Jesse G. Shead, as a partner to the business, and this associa ' Highly Useful Citizen. ¡' '.- tion was continued up to the time of his Edward Edes Shead, president of the retirement. To the drug business Mr. Frontier National Bank of Eastport, Shead added a large stationery line and in Maine, and one of the most prominent fig both transacted a large trade in this re ures in the life of that place, whose death gion. So successful was he, indeed, that there, on August 8, 1908, was felt as a for a number of years before his actual personal . loss by practically the whole retirement he was enabled to leave the community and a very large circle of care of the business largely in the hands friends and associates elsewhere, was of his brothers, which thus gave him the a member of a family .which for several time and opportunity for the pursuit of generations has been associated with several studies in which he was particu Eastport, his ancestors having been larly interested. Mr. Shead may indeed among the earlier settlers of the town. be said to have had what amounted al He was a grandson of Colonel Oliver most to a hobby in his interest in local Shead, who, in 1807, was elected as East- history and tradition, and much of the port's first representative to the General time during the years preceding his death Court of Massachusetts, Maine at that were spent in looking up old traditions time being a part of the older colony, and and records connected with the early af who was also the postmaster of the town. fairs of Eastport and this vicinity. In the Mr. Shead's father was also Oliver Shead, year, 1888, Edward E. Shead & Company 331 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY published a history entitled, "Eastport and church of that denomination in Eastport. Passamaquoddy," of which the late Wil He was also very active in the work of liam Henry Kilby says: "The appearance that congregation and served for some of Mr. Shead's name on the title page as time as chairman of the board of trus publisher affords no adequate idea of his tees. share in the labor of carrying the book to Edward E. Shead was united in marri completion ; and but for his efficient aid age, September 16, 1868, with Lucia in the collection of material, as well as for Wadsworth, of Eastport, Maine, daughter his successful arrangements in insuring of the late S. B. Wadsworth, and grand the disposal of the finished volume, the daughter of General Peleg Wadsworth, compiler would have hesitated about un of Hiram, Maine, an officer of the Revolu dertaking the enterprise." tion and a friend of General Washington. It was in 1885 that Mr. Shead was elect Mrs. Shead survives her husband. They ed president of the Frontier National were the parents of two children : Oliver Bank of Eastport, and in that office he W., and Edward W. continued to successfully direct the affairs It is not through a mere recitation of of this important financial institution to his achievements that the influence of Mr. within a short time of his death. Mr. Shead's personality upon the community Shead's activities were by no means con in which he lived can be adequately gaug fined to the business world hereabouts, ed. For more than fifty years he was ac however, but he took a vital interest in the tive in the business life of Eastport, and public affairs of the community and held during that whole period maintained a a number of important positions here. He standard of integrity and high business was selectman for Eastport in 1886 and ethics which may well serve as an exam 1887, and for a number of years served as ple worthy of emulation to his fellow a member of the Superintending School townsmen for many generations to come. Committee. He was also prominent in His personality was a kindly and genial fraternal circles, and was a member of one, yet gave the impression of great re Easton Lodge, Free and Accepted Ma serve strength, so that men generally sons. Although holding the positions found him easy of approach, yet instinc above referred to in the city government, tively realized that he was not to be im Mr. Shead was quite unambitious in the posed upon. In what high esteem he was political world, preferring whenever pos held by his associates may be judged from sible to give his services to the commu the following set of resolutions passed by nity in the capacity of private citizen, and the directors of the Frontier National it was only in response to the urgent rep Bank at a meeting held by them, August resentation of colleagues, and to his own 12, 1908, four days after the death of their sense of duty, that he consented to hold president. The resolutions follow : office at all. He was a Republican in po Resolved: That in the death of our much es litical faith, but was not closely associ teemed President, Edward E. Shead, we lost one ated with the local organization of his par of our best citizens, who, while he has won high ty, although his advice was frequently respect as a valued citizen, and while his death sought for and always highly valued. In is therefore an affliction in which we must all his religious belief Mr. Shead was a Uni have part, it devolves upon us, who have been associated with him in discharge of common duty, tarian, and for more than three score for a special expression of our share in the gen years was a regular attendant at the eral sorrow.

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Resolved: That we have lost a valued friend came back to their old Island Home. As presi and advisor from this Board, whose counsel and dent of the Frontier Bank, as Chairman of the advice has always been for the best interests Board of Trustees, as a sterling member of the of all. Unitarian Church, and in all civic matters, his Resolved: That we deeply sympathize with his advice was sought and his judgment held in high family in their sad bereavement. esteem. Voted : That the family of the deceased be To his faithful, true and devoted wife, the sin furnished with a copy of these resolutions, and cere and deep sympathy of all who knew her hus that the same be printed in the Eastport Sentinel band goes out in unbounded measure, as also to and spread upon the records of this bank. his loyal brother and all of kin. His life among Mr. George H. Hayes, cashier of the us is his best monument. Green may his memory be in the old town of his birth. Frontier National Bank under Mr. Shead, received the following letter from the Concerning Mr. Shead and his death, cashier of the First National Bank of Bos the Eastport "Sentinel" of August 12, ton, relative to Mr. Shead's death : 1908, had the following remarks to make in the course of a long obituary article : It is with much sorrow that we learn of your honored president, Mr. Shead, and we all extend During the seventy-three years of Mr. Shead's to you and your directors our deepest sympathy life, he had always been a resident of Eastport. for the great loss which you have sustained. Mr. For fifty years he had been in active and success Shead, by his genial personality, endeared him ful business in his native town, retiring about self to us, and we shall feel that we have lost a two years ago. In all this time no man was better friend. known or more highly respected or esteemed, among not only his own townsmen but also in The following letter was received from neighboring towns on both sides of the "Line" E. H. Bucknam, of Sioux City, Iowa, and than E. E. Shead. He was an ideal citizen, fair published in the Eastport "Sentinel :" and considerate in all his dealings with his fellow- men, of a warm and social disposition that at Editor, Sentinel; Dear Sir: — tracted and held many strong and sincere friend To the Sons and Daughters of Old Eastport, ships. His sound judgment and scrupulous hon widely scattered all through the country, wherever esty of purpose made him a trusted advisor in the "Sentinel" may go, and outside of that circle many cases of widely varying interest too, the news of the death at Boston so recently, In the death of Edward E. Shead we see the of Edward E. Shead, comes as a personal shock, passing away of one of the best citizens a town with the feeling akin to that of the loss of an was ever blessed with. For more than half a older and very dear brother. Is it too much to century he has occupied a prominent and honor say that Eastport's foremost citizen has gone able place in the business, social, and religious beyond that Harbor Bar, where surely in that life of the community. His genial ways, modest mystic sea beyond our ken, such as he can meet and unassuming manner and pleasant address their pilot face to face? Though three score made friends of old and young. His private chari and ten years had passed over his head and sor ties were numerous and continued. He was a char rows heavy and wearying had shadowed his later acter to inspire respect, admiration and love, and days, so brave, so cordial, so helpful where help surviving relatives have the sincere sympathy of was needed; so wise; it still seemed that his many friends in the loss in this life of the com naturally strong constitution and inbred optim panionship and comfort of a noble soul. ism might hold him to us for years to come. As head of his business firm for half a century; to all people of the many islands which surround SAVAGE, Albert R., our own, from Grand Manan to Shamcook Hills, to those whose homes were along our rivers and Lawyer, Legislator, Jurist. around our lakes and farther back, even among Hon. Albert R. Savage, the eleventh the lodging camps and forests; to all these and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of more, Dr. or "Ned" Shead was known for his Maine, and a distinguished figure in that strict integrity and skill. The Shead Drug Store always seemed a natural meeting and greeting illustrious group, was born December 8, place of those older boys, who, from time to time, 1847, at Ryegate, Vermont, and died sud 333 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY dcnly in his dearly loved home in Au and college years were years of hard work burn, Maine, June 14, 1917. His parents in vacations, summers on the farm, and were Charles Wesley and Eliza M. Sav winters teaching school. The hard New age, not rich in the things which vanish, England training, which has made many but amply endowed with the qualities specimens of the best type of American which make for character in their descen citizenship, gave to him that commanding dants. In 1856 the family moved to Lan vigor of physical manhood and that tire caster, New Hampshire, and in those two less mental energy that characterized the rural towns the boyhood and youth of man. Judge Savage were passed. One who Mr. Savage was graduated Bachelor of knew him intimately in recent years has Arts, at Dartmouth College, in 1871, re said of him: "Chief Justice Savage was ceiving the degree of Master of Arts three truly a product of northern New Eng years later. Immediately after graduation, land. Born in Vermont, educated in New in June, he accepted the position of prin Hampshire, his life work developed and cipal of Northwood Academy, New completed in Maine, he was the very em Hampshire, and on August 17, 1871, mar bodiment of the characteristics of our ried (first) Nellie H. Hale, of Lunenburg, northern country. Steadfast like its moun Vermont. They made their first home in tains, placid and equable like its lakes, Northwood, New Hampshire, where their with a depth of reserve power like its no son was born, October II, 1872. Later ble rivers, his nature could and did drink Mr. Savage was principal of Northfield in life's joys and pleasures, and submit High School, Vermont. In all leisure in silent strength and resignation to its time and vacations he was studying law, sorrows and disappointments." To the si and in 1874 was admitted to the bar in lent, contemplative lad, going about his Washington county, Vermont. Meantime, somewhat uncongenial tasks on the New his friend, Mr. Hutchinson, had graduat Hampshire farm, in whom the student in ed from Bates College, having studied stinct was rising to a passion, the home law during his senior year, and been ad environment of industry, thrift, patience, mitted to the Androscoggin bar, and simple ambitions, and religion must some formed a law partnership in Lewiston, in times have seemed hard and narrow. In July, 1871. In March, 1875, his partner the parents' hearts was the desire — real if ship ended, Mr. Savage came to Auburn, not very hopeful — to educate the boy. A term and became Mr. Hutchinson's partner in or two at Newbury Seminary, Vermont, the Lewiston office. Mr. Hutchinson had began his fitting for college. Lancaster already secured a high place in the esteem Academy completed his preparatory of the profession and before he died, in course and he entered Dartmouth College 1882, Mr. Savage had ranged alongside in in 1867. His narrow horizon had broad the quality of his personality and of his ened. It never narrowed again. All de work. He was soon admittedly, through pended now on himself, and that self all his commanding presence, his intuition who knew him learned to trust. Lancas and skill in the conduct of cases, and ter Academy reached far into the life of through his broad and thorough legal edu Mr. Savage. Liberty H. Hutchinson and cation, one of the leaders of the Maine Nellie H. Hale, of Lunenburg, Vermont, bar. became his friends there, the former grad After Mr. Hutchinson's death Mr. Sav uating with him in 1867. The preparatory age carried on the business alone, till 334 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

1884, when Henry W. Oakes, then a in Lewiston and Auburn ; was one of the young lawyer of Auburn, now Judge of organizers and first president of the Lew- the Superior Court of the county, joined iston & Auburn Electric Light Company ; him, under the firm name of Savage & president of the Auburn Loan & Building Oakes. This proved a most congenial ar Association; a trustee in the Auburn rangement, and the partnership lasted Trus.t Company, and a director in the thirteen years, bringing about an endur Maine Investment Company. He was al ing friendship between the two men, and so prominent in fraternal organizations; ending only when Mr. Savage was ap a thirty-second degree Mason; supreme pointed Associate Justice of the Supreme dictator of the Supreme Lodge of the Court of the State. This period of Mr. Knights of Honor for two years when the Savage's life was filled with his greatest order numbered 150,000 members; a and most diversified activities. He was member of the Independent Order of Odd making his way as an attorney whose rep Fellows, and many other local orders. utation was reaching beyond the bounds In 1896 came the first of those bitter of the State in the trial of causes of con sorrows which led Judge Cornish to say stantly increasing importance in all the in after years: "He met with personal courts of Maine; he was active in poli bereavements in the loss of family far tics ; a frequent and successful speaker in beyond the lot of any man within my ac political campaigns, especially in the dis quaintance, but no one ever heard him cussion of the fundamental principles of utter a word of complaint. With him trib the protective tariff, and was considered, ulation indeed worked patience." Charles in the days when protection was a vital Hale Savage, the eldest child and only issue, one of its forceful advocates. He son of the family, after twenty-four years was county attorney for Androscoggin of promising boyhood and exemplary county four years, 1881-85, discharging manhood, died after a brief illness, in Vir the duties of the position with skill and ginia. He was a graduate of Bowdoin fearlessness ; judge of probate four years, College, and distinguished as scholar and 1885-89, and in the latter year was chos athlete. At the time of his death he was en Republican mayor of Auburn. He held principal of a college preparatory school, the office three years, 1889-91, and no though intending law as his life work. mayor ever worked with an eye more The family of Mr. and Mrs. Savage con single to the welfare of his city than did sisted of three children: Charles Hale, he. In 1891 he was elected to the Legis above mentioned ; Anna May, who died in lature, reelected in 1893 and chosen speak infancy, in 1875 ; and Mary Anna, born in er of the House of Representatives. He 1876, who died, after many years of ill was said to have presided "to the entire ness most sweetly and patiently borne, in acceptance of all the members, showing an 1911. intimate knowledge of parliamentary law In 1897 Mr. Savage reached the goal of and admirable qualities as a presiding of his ambition when Governor Powers ap ficer." He was a member of the Maine pointed him as Associate Justice of the Senate in 1896 and 1897. In this period Supreme Judicial Court of Maine. It was was prepared his "Index Digest" of the most congenial, satisfying work to him, Maine Reports, which he published Jan and the "justices" were like a band of uary 1, 1897. He held many positions of brothers. In 191 1 Dartmouth honored her responsibility and trust in business affairs self in honoring her distinguished son by 335 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY conferring upon him the degree of Doctor city limits. She early became a teacher, of Laws. Bates had given him that de chiefly in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and gree in 1898, and in 1909 Bowdoin added Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she her Doctor of Laws. In the intervals be was many years head of the history de tween exacting judicial activities Judge partment in the William Penn Charter Savage now had time to gratify his love School, a boys' prepaartory school. Be of reading to a degree that his strenuous fore going there she was principal of the early life and stirring, crowded middle life Spring Street Grammar School in Au had not afforded. He became an essen burn, 1880-83, and there began the friend tially well-read man. His love of history ship with the Savage family which prov and biography led him to greatly enlarge ed to be lifelong. They came to the house his private library, and no history of a in Auburn where Mr. Savage had lived country satisfied him unless it contained so long and suffered so keenly, and to the story of the rise and progress of its gether for two and a half years made it a literature. Ле made an exhaustive study home. In that home Mr. Savage (to use of the Shakespearean data. After the the words of Chief Justice Cornish) "step death of their daughter, in 191 1, Mrs. ped so suddenly from the chamber we call Savage's health, which had been almost life into the chamber we call death," on imperceptibly weakening for some years, the morning of June 14, 1917. failed more rapidly, and after much suf In many notable ways Chief Justice fering, endured with great fortitude, her Savage, during his incumbency of the life ended, in August, 1912. In "silent bench, contributed to the high reputation strength" he bore his last and bitterest always held by the Supreme Court of sorrow. Shakespeare has words for near Maine. The record made by him was one ly all needs, and in the lonely hours of the that maintained in every sense the high two following years, in his silent library est and most ideal traditions of the bench and quiet office at the Androscoggin coun and bar in America. The news of his ty building, Mr. Savage committed to death was received with the most pro memory the entire text of five of Shake found sorrow throughout the State, and speare's tragedies. In April, 1913, Justice numerous expressions of the loss sus Savage, following the resignation of Chief tained by the whole community appeared Justice William Penn Whitehouse, was in the public prints. One tribute by an appointed Chief Justice. He was not ar eminent jurist, Hon. F. A. Morey, will bitrary nor dictatorial, but he was a natural serve to convey a picture of the man as leader of men and must have much en he was known to his colleagues of the joyed this honorable position. He knew bar: he had earned and received the respect I have know Justice Savage as a lawyer and and affection of the associate justices, fudge for more than twenty-five years. He was who called him "The Chief." a man of unusual mental attainments, of deep In September, 1914, Chief Justice Sav legal learning, and possessed of a power of con age and Frances A. Cooke were married centration that few men have. As a lawyer, he at the home of her sister, Mrs. A. H. had great persuasive powers over a jury, and conducted many an important case. As a judge Hews, in Weston, Massachusetts. Her he was always master of his courtroom, and held birthplace was Dover, New Hampshire, the business before him well in hand. He could her education received from the country dispatch business with unusual celerity, and did schools and Franklin Academy within the not know the meaning of fatigue. Always of

ЗЗ6 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY dignified mien, he will long be remembered in question with an open mind. He earned and Maine for his great legal attainments and high deserved his reputation for courage, justice, ranking ability as a judge. learning and fairness, and wherever and when Another instance of the regard in which ever he rendered a service a sense of security prevailed. He died in his full intellectual he was held hy the men of his own men strength. We sit in the shadow and mourn his tal rank is shown in the tribute of Gover loss, for we loved him and he is no longer with nor Milliken : us. Beyond my own sense of personal grief and On the same occasion former Chief Jus shock, I am deeply sensible of the loss which the tice William P. Whitehouse made an elo State has suffered in the death of Chief Justice Savage. He exemplified to a superior degree the quent testimony to the life and character finest traditions of his great profession. A virile of Judge Savage. To quote him in part : thinker, a constant student, a jurist whose ripe As a legislator he achieved distinction both in scholarship and sterling integrity adorned the the House and in the Senate. He had been a dili court over which he presided, Judge Savage gent reader of general history and a thoughtful always gave himself unstintingly to the task in student of the history and philosophy of the law hand. His life work will forever be gratefully and political science. He was thus well prepared remembered in the annals of the State he served for legislative service, and made notable contri so well. bution to the work of improvement and reform in several branches of substantive law and methods The Androscoggin County Bar Asso of procedure. He had thus become identified ciation, in a meeting which immediately with the public life of the county and State, and followed his death, selected a committee he came to the bench of the Supreme Court in to prepare and present a tribute to the 1897 with a broad and enlightened conception of memory of Judge Savage. In the open the onerous and responsible duties of that office ing of the memorial program, Judge and in all respects admirably equipped and quali fied to perform them. He brought with him not George C. Wing, of Auburn, chairman of only high ideals of the honor of the legal profes the committee on resolutions, spoke with sion and the dignity of the law, and a full appre feeling of the relations that had always ciation of the judicial character and functions, but subsisted between himself and his col also an exceptional capacity and disposition for leagues, and the noted jurist whose loss prolonged and arduous labor in the solution of complex and difficult legal problems, and the they were met to commemorate. He then analytical study of great masses of testimony. offered the following resolutions: The impress which he made on our jurispru Resolved, That the members of the Andro dence, and the public and professional life of the scoggin County Bar Association wish to express State during the sixteen years of his service as their great appreciation of the character and ser Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, consti vice of Albert Russell Savage, for many years a tute a tribute of confidence and respect more member of its association and of this court, and potent than the most eloquent voice of eulogy. to offer this loving tribute to his memory to the And with his superior administrative ability, end that the same may be placed on its records superadded to his great intellectual gifts and ac and made permanent. curate knowledge of the law, it is but the language Resolved, That during his entire career as a of truth and soberness to assert that he brought member of the bar, in every place to which he was to the position of Chief Justice of the Supreme called for public service, he showed himself Court of Maine qualifications for the office un trustworthy, and deserving of the great honors surpassed by any of his predecessors since the which he enjoyed. He was kind. He was patient. organization of our State. He was learned, and best of all, he was loyal It was justly said of him in one of the to his friends. He believed in fair dealing and many tributes that appeared at the time that every suitor should have a fair hearing and his contention be properly considered. He was of his death the following, which sum painstaking and impartial, and approached every marizes his life and service: 337 А. В.— 6-22 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

No eulogy upon the life of Chief Justice Sav The first of the Foster line in this coun age is required He passed away in the fulness try was Reginald Foster, who came from of labor and fame, having erected by his benef icent life a monument more lasting than bronze. England and settled in Ipswich, Massa Such a life and such service cannot fail to trans chusetts, in 1638. He was a conspicuous mit to generations beyond our own the unim figure in the new colony, and his descen peachable fame of an exemplary citizen and dant, Asa Foster, was that member of the Christian gentleman, and a distinguished magis family who first brought the name to trate, who will ever hold a conspicuous place Maine. He settled in Newry, Maine, very in the front rank of the great judges and jurists in the judicial history of Maine. soon after it had first been founded, and here his son, Enoch Foster, followed the occupation of farmer, and was a success FOSTER, Hon. Enoch., ful and influential man in the communi Lawyer, Jurist, Legislator. ty. He was a man of scholarly tastes, In the long line of illustrious names of and with a marked ambition in intellectu which the American bar may justly be al lines, and it is probably due to this proud, there is none more worthy of hon that the education of his son, Enoch (2), or in his native State than that of Judge was carefully supervised from the out Enoch Foster. He was typical of that set. long line of men who from Colonial times In an old house in Newry, Maine, which have upheld the dignity and worth of that is still standing, Enoch (2) Foster was tradition of service and splendid achieve born, May 10, 1839, his mother having ment which has been the boast of our been Persis (Swann) Foster. Here he free institutions. In no State has this gained the elementary education of the record been higher than in Maine, and country boy, but from his earliest days he here among the foremost is to be found concurred with his father's wish that he the name of Judge Enoch Foster. should gain the best education obtainable. The Hon. Enoch Foster came of a line For a time, therefore, he went to Gould's of men who from early Colonial days Academy, following this by work pre have followed the light that was set as a paring him for college at the Maine State beacon on these shores and have grown Seminary at Lewiston. In college, at with each succeeding generation. They Bowdoin, his work was done with zeal have lived and died for the creed, once and facility that had marked him from the new, of individual freedom and religious beginning as a student of unusual prom liberty, and it is through their lives and ise. He entered Bowdoin College in i860, deaths that those beliefs have spread over and had been only a short time at work, a continent and become a standard to however, when the growing cloud on the which all the oppressed of the earth may political horizon burst into storm, and rally. It was because of the stalwart with all the other noblest spirits of the character of these men and the solidity of time he offered his services to his country their lives that the foundations of the re and enlisted. He was made second lieu public are sure, and have long passed be tenant in Company H, Thirteenth Regi yond the hazard of continuance. Among ment, Maine Volunteer Infantry. This these men the Foster family has always was the regiment mustered by Colonel done its share in founding and making Neal Dow, afterwards to become General permanent the institutions of the coun Dow, and the one which he led through try. most active service. Enoch (2) Foster ЗЗ8

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won rapid promotion, becoming soon first During these years he gave the most un lieutenant, and later being appointed by doubted proof of his ability as a jurist, of General Banks provost marshal. In this his fairness of temper and of his disin capacity he served for two years, resign terestedness of attitude. ing later to take part in the Red River After the close of his second term of of Expedition, where he served with con fice, Judge Foster formed a partnership spicuous gallantry. After three years of with the Hon. Oscar S. Hersey, and the active service he was honorably discharg firm opened an office in Portland, Maine, ed and returned to take up his abandoned under the style of Foster & Hersey, later studies. By a vote taken in the academic to become one of the best known in the council he was permitted to graduate in entire State. Some of the greatest cases the class of 1864, his work in the service of the State were entrusted to their care of his country being taken in lieu of the and were handled with conscientious fi scholastic work for that period of time. delity. Judge Foster never made the mis This being accomplished, he set out to take of brilliant men of trusting to the in work to read law in the office of his cous spiration of the moment, but gave the ut in, the late Hon. Reuben Foster, of Wa- most care to the preparation of the case, terville, Maine. From there he went to and neglected no detail that could help the Albany Law School and obtained the cause. It was because he added this from this his degree of Bachelor of Laws scrupulous faithfulness to everything he in 1865. The same year he was admitted did that he was a man who reached be to the New York bar, and not long after yond the class of the able into the class wards decided to establish himself in his of truly great. After coming to Port native State, choosing Bethel as his resi land he gave up in a large measure his dence. share in politics, although his name was Enoch Foster was no sooner established frequently mentioned as a possible can in practice than he began to show those didate as mayor or Congressman. To powers of clear thinking and splendid elo wards the latter part of his life he did quence which indicated the promise and once more take part in the contests which the ability of the man. He was speedily had once engaged his strength. This was recognized as a marked man, and he had when, after a lifetime devotion to the prin not been practicing for more than two ciples of the Republican party, he cham years before he was elected county attor pioned the newly-risen cause of the Pro ney. Six years later he was elected State gressive party. This change on his part Senator and served the term 1873-74, giv shows the vigor and independence of a ing proofs from the outset of his bril mind which never knew what it was to liancy and power. He aroused not only grow old. It was believed that the ar the admiration of his colleagues but the dor with which he championed the prin confidence of the people by the champion ciples of the new party did much to short ship of their side. Such a man was in line en his days. He was present at the great for the work of the bench, and in 1884 he Republican Convention when the break was appointed by Governor Robie an As was made, and the attention of Roose sociate Justice of the Supreme Court of velt being called to the vigorous old gen Maine, for a seven years' term. Upon its tleman who so ably championed the cause expiration, in 1891, this was renewed by of the Progressive party, a meeting be Governor Burleigh for a similar period. tween them was arranged and the two be

339 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY came friends as well as supporters of a the Benevolent and Protective Order of common political platform. Elks, the Portland Gun Club, and the Judge Foster took an active share in Harvard Gun Club, his home being adorn the social and fraternal life of the com ed with twenty-four cups won by his ex munity in which he has made his home, pert markmanship. and held membership in a large number of A summary of the life and attainments organizations. Besides belonging to the of Judge Foster is well expressed in a Bar Association of Cumberland county tribute which appeared in the "Express" and the Bowdoin Alumni Association, he at the time of his death, from which we belonged to Brown Post, Grand Army of may quote in part: the Republic, of Bethel. He belonged al The death of Judge Foster removes one of the so to the Masonic order, and was a most illustrious members of the Cumberland Knights Templar, a Noble of the Mystic County Bar and one of the leading lawyers of die Shrine, and a member of the Independent State of Maine from earthly scenes of activity. Order of Odd Fellows. He was a master of the science of jurisprudence, and as an expounder of the law attained first rank Judge Foster married (first) June 6, in this State during the fourteen years he served 1864, Adeline O. Lowe, who died in 1872, as a member of the Supreme Bench. . . . He daughter of Ivory Lowe, of Waterville, was an after dinner speaker of rare attainments, Maine. He married (second) in 1873, Sa with magnetic qualities irrespective of the sub rah Walker Chapman, who survives him, ject or the occasion he might be called upon to grace and enliven with a formal or informal daughter of Hon. Robert A. and Frances address. . . . He has had no counterpart in (Carter) Chapman, her father a merchant the Cumberland County Bar, or in the Maine of Bethel and Portland, Maine, one of State Bar, or in the Maine Supreme Bench. Maine's wealthiest men and best citizens. Judge and Mrs. Foster's only child, Rob SHAW, Abner Orimel, ert Chapman Foster, was born in Bethel, Maine, March 19, 1880, died March 7, Physician, Civil War Veteran. 1916. He was a graduate of Bowdoin Col Beginning his professional career with lege, А. В., class of 1901, and Harvard two years of strenuous service in the Law School, LL.B., 1905. He was at Union army during the Civil War, Dr. once admitted to a partnership with his Shaw has since that time been actively honored father, continuing under his wise engaged in medical work in Portland, guidance until death dissolved the asso where he has attained conspicuous profes ciation. The profession of medicine had sional position and the following of a always made a strong appeal to the young large clientele. Dr. Shaw is a representa man, and after Judge Foster's death, Rob tive of the type of physician to whom ert C. entered Harvard Medical School skill and learning are a sacred trust and and was a student there when called to a the ideals and purposes of his calling as higher, nobler sphere. He held the rank dear as personal honor. Through more of captain in the Maine National Guard, than half a century he has given himself and in July, 1914, he was appointed quar without stint to its demands, his rewards, termaster of the Artillery Corps of the in the suffering he has been able to ease Guard, and gave the most scrupulous at and the happiness his mastery of the heal tention to the duties of his office. He was ing art has brought, is much more than in a thirty-second degree member of the An any material benefits that have come to cient Accepted Scottish Rite, member of him.

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Dr. Abner Orimel Shaw, son of Eaton mortally wounded by the surgeons in at and Mary (Roberts) Shaw, is of old New tendance but who insisted that his own England and Pilgrim ancestry, descend surgeon, Dr. 1 Shaw, be called. When ing from seven "Mayflower" passengers, mustered out, in 1865, he began private and sixth in descent from John and Pris- practice in Portland. His army experi cilla (Mullins) Alden. Eaton Shaw was ence had been one of hard and unceasing born in Paris, Maine, in 1803, and in 1825 labor, and this capacity for professional established in business in Portland, work has characterized him throughout Maine, as a wholesale grocer and import his long and useful career as a Portland er of West Indian goods. He prepared practitioner. His position in the city is for the Methodist Episcopal ministry dur one of high regard and honor for his fi ing this time, and was, in 1837, admitted delity to his profession, for the lofty mo to the Maine Conference, holding charges tives that have inspired him and have in different parts of the State until 1850. been his guide, and for the splendid stand Throat trouble compelled his retirement ard of citizenship he has realized. from the ministry, and in 1853 he pur Although the only position in public chased the wholesale and retail boot and affairs he has ever accepted has been that shoe business of Joseph Hay. He con of health officer of the city, Dr. Shaw has ducted this business with prosperous re been, as a Republican, influential in local sult until his retirement from active af affairs. Through his vigorous support, fairs in 1873, his death occurring in 1886. Thomas B. Reed, then a young attorney His wife, Mary Roberts, was born in Port of Portland, secured the nomination for land, Maine, in 1806, and during her child Congressman from the First Maine Dis hood was a playmate of Henry W. Long trict and was subsequently elected. Dr. fellow. Shaw was the first man of his city to ap Dr. Abner O. Shaw was born in Read- preciate the possibilities and potential field, Maine, February 16, 1837, and spent power of Mr. Reed, whose record is a his boyhood in the various towns of Maine, complete vindication of his choice. Such to which his father's pastoral duties call has been his part in public affairs, disin ed the family. He attended the public terested, unselfish, wholly to the end of schools and, early in life, deciding upon the best good of Portland and the wel medicine as the field of his life work, en fare of her citizens. Dr. Shaw is a mem tered the College of Physicians and Sur ber of the High Street Congregational geons, of New York City. He received Church, of Portland. His social and fra the degree of M. D. from this institution ternal relations are many. He holds the in 1863, and having already seen service thirty-second degree in the Masonic or with the Seventh New York Regiment as der, also fraternizing with the Indepen a private, rejoined the army as surgeon dent Order of Odd Fellows and the with the Twentieth Regiment, Maine Vol Knights of Pythias. Through his military unteer Infantry. In the two years that service he holds membership in the local followed, he participated in all of the ac post of the Grand Army of the Republic, tion in which his regiment was engaged, and also belongs to the Military Order of numbering twelve major battles. Dur the Loyal Legion, and is senior vice-com ing the battle of Petersburg it was his mander of Commandery of the State of fortune to save the life of General J. L. Maine. Chamberlain, who had been pronounced Dr. Shaw married, December 27, 1865, 341 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY in New York City, Elizabeth Sanford, a held responsible position in the town for native of New York, a daughter of Nich- many years. He married Louisa Chapin. ol Sanford, a prominent merchant of Josiah Alden Parker, only son of Adol that city. Children: Louisa, died in 1870, phus Gustàvus and Louisa (Chapin) Park when three years of age; Edward A., er, was born in Chicopee, Massachusetts, in treasurer of the firm of Loring, Short & 1832, and died in his native city, September Harmon, married Carrie Starr Harmon, 3, 1900. He was educated in the grade and and has children: Elizabeth and Alice; high schools of Chicopee, and became asso Herbert, died aged ten years; and Flor ciated with his father in the shoe manufac ence M., married Frank H. Bradford, of turing business. This association continued Portland, Maine, and has one child, Dura unbroken until the death of the senior part Shaw Bradford. ner in 1883, the business being continued by Josiah A. Parker alone until a few years prior to his own death, at the age of sixty- PARKER, Josiah Alden> seven years. He was a man of fifty when left in full charge, but he had long been Manufacturer. the virtual head of the business, his father, a From boyhood until within a few years man of great age, having surrendered its of his death, Josiah Alden Parker was en burdens to the son years before his final re gaged in shoe manufacture, continuing a tirement. In addition to his manufacturing business founded by his father in Chicopee, business, Mr. Parker owned and managed a Massachusetts, the birthplace and lifelong farm of twenty acres, located on Chicopee residence of the son. street, and after retiring from the shoe busi Josiah A. Parker was a grandson of Jo ness he gave it his full attention, and it is siah Parker, born in Sutton, Massachusetts, there his widow now resides. He was a se January 31, 1771, and died in Chicopee, lectman of the town, served on the Board of Massachusetts, November 25, 1851, a car Health, was a member of the First Congre penter by trade. After his marriage he lived gational Church, and for twenty-five years in North Brookfield, Massachusetts, and served the society as secretary-treasurer. He there his children were born. He married, was a man of strong character, upright and January 6, 1796, Mary Haskell, born Sep honorable in business, and most highly es tember 2, 1774, died in Brookfield, Massa teemed where best known. chusetts, December 14, 1832. Mr. Parker married, December 25, 1872, Adolphus Gustavus Parker, eldest son of Minerva Bragg Walker, born in Warren, Josiah and Mary (Haskell) Parker, was but married in Brookfield, Massachusetts, born in North Brookfield, Massachusetts, daughter of Jarius and Lucy (Woods) June 23, 1801, and died in Chicopee, Massa Walker. Having no children of their own, chusetts, May 31, 1883. He learned the Mr. and Mrs. Josiah Alden Parker adopted shoemaker's trade in Brookfield, and prior two daughters: Lucille, married Rhodes to 1833 moved to Chicopee, later becoming a Farman, and has children : Dorothy, Chand shoe manufacturer, a business he conducted ler, and Robert Burton; Jessie May, mar until his death, at the age of eighty-two ried Hubert H. Swartz, and has children: years. He was a member of the Massachu Helen Minerva, Harold Parker, and Elwood setts Constitutional Convention of 1853, and Dayton Swartz.

З42 INDEX INDEX

Albee, F. H., 126 Barney, Daniel, 47 Fred H., Dr., 126 Jacob, 47 Luella M., 129 Jonathan, 47 Anderson, Archibald, 107 Joseph, 47 Joanna В., io8 Mason, 47 John В., io6, 107 Bass, Quincy C, 109 Arnold, Edward E., 247 Sarah V., 109 Mittie, 248 Batchelder, Alison K., 51 Nathaniel, 247 Charles H., 49, 50 William, 247 Charles S., 50 Joseph, 50 Bailey, Charles A., 328 Louise T., 51 Ellen W., 142 Магу C, 50 Henry, 141 Baxter, Elihu, Dr., 305 Henry C, 141 James P., 305 Henry D., 143 Mehetable C, 307 Julia, 143 Sarah K., 307 Leila M., 329 Beckwith, Adam, 82 Taber D., 328 Alonzo S., 84 Baldwin, Caleb, 202 Benjamin, 84 Jared, 202 Emily M., 84 John, 202, 203 Hamon, 82 Josiah, 202 John, 83 Lyman, 203 Jonah, 84 Mancy, 203 Lorania C, 84 Samuel, 202 Marmaduke, 83 Ballou, Ellen T., 145 Mathew, 83 Eugene H., 144, 145 Robert, 83 Frances M., 144 Thomas, 82 Mary, 145 William, 82 Bancroft, Edward R., 26 William G, Dr., 84 Ester D. R., 26 William L., 81, 84 John, 270 Betts, Edward, 266, 268 Joseph, 270, 273 Edward T., 269 Louise W., 26 Jesse, 268 Mary A., 272 Mahlon, 268 Samuel, 269, 271 Mary R., 269 Sarah D. J., 26 Richard, 267 Timothy, 25 Thomas, 268 Timothy W., 25 William, 269 Barnard, Benjamin F., 121 Zachariah, 268 Ida M., 122 Beury, Christian, 273 Jacob, 121 Harry В., 275 Jacob S., 122 Joseph L., 273 John, 121 Julia A., 275 Sarah, 122 Thomas C, 275 345 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Beveridge, Albert J., n Hezekiah, 228 Catherine, 12 James, 228 Katherine, 12 James H., 229, 230 Thomas H., II John E., 230 Bickford, Addie F., 45 Joseph, 228 Anna, 45 Maria S., 228 Faith, 45 Samuel, 228 Thomas, Rev., 44, 45 Burnham, Abner, 300 Bigney, Charles I., 250, 251 Appleton, 300 Eden H., 252 Frederick W., 302 John M., 251 Matilda E., 302 Olive E., 251 Thomas, 299 Bishop, Charlotte D., 64 William, 299 James, 63 William, Rev., 300 Louis F., Dr., 63 William D., 297, 301 Bok, Edward W., 105 William G, 300 Mary L., 105 Burrows, Frances S., 21 Booth, David, 206 Jennie S., 21 Eben, 206 Julius C, 20 Joseph, 206 Philo, 206 Calder, Catherine E., 28 Richard, 205 William M., 27 Bottomley, John, 115 Caldwell, Adelaide A., 112 John F., 116 Alexander, no, in, 112 Susanna M., 116 John, no, in William L., 1 16 Cheney, Augustus J., 207, 208 Boyce, Bettie, 258 Moody, 208 Darwin C, 257 Sybil A., 210 Fulcom, 257 William, 208 Brewer, David J., 6 Chipman, Annie S., 80 Josiah, Rev., 6 Ella M., 80 Louise, 7 William H., 79 Brickett, Daniel, 51 William R, Dr., 79 Frank E., 51 Clark, Allen, 1 14 Phoebe C, 52 Amasa, 88 Brockett, Giles, 162 Anna E., 23 John, 159, 160 Ebenezer, 88 Moses, 161 Elizabeth В., 114 Richard, 161 Charles H., 87, 88 Brown, Abraham, 144 James, 87 Charles, 143, 144 James В., 114 Mary, 144 John, 22 Bugbee, Edward, 228 Kate L., 23 Edwin H., 227, 229 Lemuel, 114 Elizabeth, 228 Lucas, 114 Emma, 230 Магу E, 89 З46 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Salmon F.f 113, 114 Chauncey, 243 Stephen, 88 Christopher, 242, 243 Theda F., 114 Mary A., 242, 243 Theodosius, 88 Mary E., 60 William A., 22 Matthew, 243 Сое, Curtis, Rev., 322 Cutler, Columbia, 191 Eben, 323 David, 190 John, 321 James, 189 Sada L., 324 Joseph, 190 Thomas U., Dr., 321, 323 Nathan, 190 Cole, Francis S., 240 Nathan M., 191 Hugh, 239 Thomas, 189 Jackson L., 240 James, 239 Ditmis (Ditmars) Abraham, 93 Jessie L., 240 „ Catherine, 96 Martha, 240 Douw I., 94 Samuel J., 240 Dow, 93 Washington L., 238, 240 George O., 92, 94 William M., 240 Jan J., 92 Coolidge, Anna, 247 John D., 94, 96 Flavel, 246 May, 96 Cottle, Clara I., 118 Phebe, 95 Edmund, 116 Donovan, Bridget, 297 Edmund C, 1 16 James, 295 Emma A., 118 Margaret, 297 Frederick E., 118 Dorrance, Ann, 232 Coyl, Mary R., 217 Samuel, 232 Samuel В., 2i6 Samuel, Rev., 231 William K., 216 Driscoll, Anna, 120 Crane, John, 47 Thomas H., 119 Mary A., 49 DuPont, Alice, 32 Croxton, Gertrude, 62 Antoine В., 32 John G., 61 Elenthere I., 32 John G., Jr., 60, 61 Pierre, 31 Curtis, Benjamin, 102 Thomas C, 31, 32 Cyrus H. K., 101, 102 Cyrus L., 102 Ensign, Eliphalet, 243 Kate S., 105 Dwight W., 243 Louise, 105 Helen J., 244 Mary L, 105 Martha L., 244 Reuben, Rev., 102 Otis, 243 Thomas, 102 Seymour P., 243 William, ioi, 102 Cushing, Adoniram J., 59 Fales, Carrie В., 149 Alice M., 60 David G, 146 Alpheus N., 59 James, 146 347 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

John, 146 Mary, 181 John R., 147 Vincent, 180 Minnie L., 149 Gerard, Azel, 279 Peter, 146 Frank C, 279 Warren R., 145, 148 Mary E., 280 Farrel, Amos M., 312 Goodell, Abner C, 40, 41 Benjamin, 311 Abner C, Jr., 40, 41 Emma S., 312 Alfred P., 43 Miles В., 311, 312 George H., 43 Files, Andrew H., 307 Martha P., 43 Edith, 308 Graham, Cyrus, 74 George T., 307 Fanny, 74 Flint, Jonathan, 109 Jesse, 74 Joseph, 109 Gray, Andrew C, 260 Nathaniel, 109 George, 260 Thomas, 109 Harriet L., 265 Folk, Gertrude, 11 Margaret J., 265 Henry В., io William, 260 Joseph W., 10 Gribbel, Elizabeth В., 130 Ford, Caleb, 291 James, 129 Charles F., 292 John, 129 Hannah A., 292 Robert F., 291 Hamilton, Henry, 125 Forsyth, Ann E., 241 Maria, 125 Robert, 240 Harris, Andrew, 233 Foster, Adeline O., 340 John, 233 Asa, 338 Toleration, 233 Enoch, 338 William, 232, 233 Reginald, 338 Hartwell, Frederick W., 248 Sarah W., 340 Joseph C, 250 Franklin, Mason В., ф Mary L., 249 Rebecca О., 46 Samuel E., 248 William A., 46 William, 248 Frick, Adelaide H., 13 Haskell, Arline, 283 Henry C, 12 Charles F., 283 John W., 12 Charles S., 282 Frisbie, Daniel, 69 Eleanor P., 283 Edward L., 68, 69 Ellis, 282 Elijah, 69 James E., 283 Emily J., 70 Marguerite W., 283 Hannah A., 70 Hayes, Charles W., 74, 75 John, 69 Elihu, 75 Josephine, 70 Ellen M., 76 Laurens, 69 Hezekiah, 75 Reuben, 69 John, 74, 75 Fuehrer, Henry, 180 Jonathan, 75 Louise, 181 Samuel D., 74, 75

З48 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Hegeman, Daniel V. В., 55 Meredith D., 67 Louise, 56 Nellie G., 186 Peter A., 55 Philip, 182 Hill, Jared, 153 Samuel, 183 John, 153 Samuel H., 183 Junius F., 154 Kingsley, Albert E., 281 Obadiah, 153 Bertha, 282 Robert W., 155 Dyer, 281 Samuel, 154 Walter F., 280, 281 Susie E, 155 Kinney, Charles W., 295 William, 152, 153 Ella M., 295 Holmes, David, 231 George R., 292, 293, 294 John, 230 Jeremiah S., 293 Hooker, John, 164 LeRoy R., 295 Samuel, Rev., 166 Phoebe, 295 Thomas, 164 Thomas, Rev., 164 Lennon, James T., 28 Hunnewell, Benjamin, 313 James T., Jr., 29 George R., 312, 313 Winifred, 29 George W., 313 Lewis, Carleton, 310 Rachel, 313 Eleanor W., 310 Huntoon, Grace M., 152 Elizabeth S., 311 Louis H. C, 152 Henry, 310 Mary L., 152 Stephen W., 309, 311 William, 151 Warren R., 309 William C, 151 Weston, 308, 309 Longley, Charles E., 233, 234 Jefferson, Joseph, 33 Charles E., Jr., 236 Sarah, 35 Henrietta, 236 Johnson, Hiram W., 27 Richard, 234 Minnie L., 27 Ronald S., 236 Vawter C, 236 Kean, John, 56, 57 William, 234 Peter P. J., 56 Lucy, Catherine, 65 Ketchum, Carrie, 197 Jeremiah, 64 Charles A., 195, 196 Jeremiah, Jr., 65 Justice, 196 Mary, 65 Justice N., 196 Nellie, 65 King, Aaron, 195 Alfred, Dr., 182, 183 McClary, Jennie, 188 Benjamin, 182 John, 186 George, 182 John, Jr., 186 James J., Dr., 67 McDonald, Edgar, 105, 106 Jesse, 195 Emma, 106 John, 182, 194 William, 106 Marquis F., 183 McKenzie, Eunice J., 98 Mary В., 195 Fannie L., 98 349 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Mary E.( 98 Eunice, 101 Samuel H., 98 John, 99 Theodore H., 96 Roswell A., 98, 99 William, 96 Nickerson, Edward I., 237 William A., 98 Lyra В., 237 McWilliams, Andrew, 324 Lyra F., 237 Clarence A., 326 Nields, Benjamin, 275, 277 Daniel W., 324 Gertrude, 277 Frederick M., 326 James F., 277 Helen F., 326 John P., 277 Howard, 326 Thomas, 276 John, 324 Nottage, Alice T., 150 John A., 324 Frank H., 149 Mackay, Clarence H., 7 Willard M., 149 John W., 7 Katherine A., 8 Page, A. F., 9 Mackie, David, 255, 256 Walter H., 9 Mary, 256 Paine, Arthur, 58 William, 256 Charles E., Dr., 58 Mallory, Charles, 14, 18 Virginia, 58 Charles H., 15 Pearson, Chester L., 79 Cora, 18 Henry S., 79 David, 14 Ira, 78 Henry R., 13, 16 Ira В., 78 Maria L., 19 Rosamond H., 78 Moses, 14 Perley, David E., 54 Peter, 14 John M., 54 Stephen, 14 Margaret, 55 Marshall, Benjamin, 212, 213 Pierpont, James, 163 Benjamin H., 215 James, Rev., 163 Caleb H., 212, 213 John, 163 Celia F., 214 Joseph, 164 Hay ward, 213 Plumb, John, 90 Mary E., 2i6 Joseph, 90 Mitchel, James, 3 Maria A., 92 John P., 3 Robert, 90 Olive, 3 Simeon, 90 Montgomery, Brinca, 121 Solomon, 90 Oswald С, i2o Wheaton S., 89, 91 Thomas L., 120 Willard, 91 William, 120 Willard W., 92 Moore, Elizabeth, 192 Pope, Catherine E., 227 John, 192 Ichabod, 225 Munsey, Frank A., 283 William H., 225 Pritchard, Thomas H., Rev., 130 Neal, Edward, 99 Virginia M., 131 Elisha, 99 William В., Dr., 130, 131 З50 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Provost, Eusebe, 327 James, 220, 221 Lucia, 327 John, 220 Pierre E., 326, 327 Jonathan, 221 Virginia M., 328 Matilda M., 225 Thomas, 220, 221 Read, Eleanor, 31 Shead, Edward E., 331 Ella H., 31 Edward W., 332 Everett P., 31 Lucia, 332 John, 30 Oliver, 331 Joseph M., 31 Oliver W., 332 Joseph R., 30 Shearer, Daniel, 194 Noah, 30 James, 194 Thomas, 30 John, 194 Warren K., 31 Sarah, 194 William, 30 Sheehan, Blanche, 39 William F., 29, 31 William F., 36 Richardson, Albert В., 53 Siems, Chester P., 138 Leander P., 52, 53 Peter, 138 Mary E., 53 Vernon M., 140 Riley, Harriet В., 24 Sinclair, Duncan, 210 Samuel, 23 Lucretia, 210 William E., 23 Smith, Barney, 40 Roosevelt, Alice H., 178 George R., 40 Cornelius V. S., 168 George W., Dr., 132 Edith K., 178 Jane, 40 Kermit, 178 Seth M. C, Dr., 131, 132 Quintin, 179 Virginia, 133 Theodore, 168 William A., 40 Theodore, Jr., 167, 169 Southwick, Adeline, 78 Root, Caroline W., 86 George H., 77 Edward T., 84, 85 George L., 78 George, 85 Spalckhaver, Anna, 303 Julia M., 86 George, 303 Russell, Emily L., 199 John, 303 Thomas, 197, 198 Julius, 302 Thomas H., 199 William, 302 William H., 197, 199 William, Jr., 303 Spruance, Emma, 291 Savage, Albert R., 333 James H., Dr., 289, 290 Charles W., 334 Lillie T., 291 Frances A., 336 William E., 290 Nellie H., 334 Stevens, Ebenezer, 314 Shaw, Abner O., Dr., 340, 341 John A., 314 Eaton, 341 John A., Jr., 313, 314 Edward A., 342 Margaret A., 321 Elizabeth, 342 Stevenson, Adlai E., 21 351 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOGRAPHY

Stone, David, 192 Nellie В., 289 Dorcas, 193 Sylvester D., 285, 286, 287 Gregory, 192 William, 285 Samuel, 193 William S., 287 Symond, 192 Zadoc, 285 Stratton, Flavel C, 246 Tuttle, Daniel, 158 Ira, 245 John, 157 John, 244 Samuel, 158 Jonathan, 245 William, 156 Joseph, 245 Martha A., 246 Weaver, James, 241 Samuel, 244 Mahitable, 242 Shubael C, 245 Rufus, 242 Streker, Charles H., 138 Wells, Estelle M., 151 Joseph A., Dr., 138 James E., 150 Susan, 138 W. A. H., 150 William S., Dr., 138 Welton, George W., 72 Suter, Barbara, 123 Harriet, 73 Frederick, 123 John, 71, 72 Sutherland, Daniel, 265 Mary, 73 Emma L., 266 Richard, 71 Jesse T., 265 Richard F., 72 John P., 265 Westerberg, Ellen J., 115 Margaret H., 266 George E., 115 Swain, Lucy В., 285 White, Barclay, 66 William, Rev., 284 Daniel S., 65, 66 William A., 284 David J., 258 Swinney, Eliza A., 236 Joseph, 66 John L., 236 Lillian A., 260 Thompson, Ada, 279 Serena В., 67 Benjamin, 329, 330 William H, 258 Charles L., 329 Whitman, Ann M., 124 Emma S., 331 George W., 123 LaMarcus A., 278 Henry, 123 Nathan W., 331 William H., 123, 124 Throop, Benjamin, Rev., 218 Wilson, Cora S., 225 Catherine E., 219 Joseph R., 225 Jabez W., 219 Wood, Edwin O., 133 Washington, 219 Emily, 137 William, 217, 218 Leland S., 137 Townsend, Cornelia, 287 Mary В., 137 George L., 285, 286, 287 Thomas P., 133 Henry S., 287 Wright, Mary S., 269 Levi S., 287, 288 Peter T., 269

353