DECEMBE.R, 18i7. x. Bache/a,'s and Undergmd"ales (canlhllled):

I,uce, E. Price. E. M .• B.A. Tofts, A. C. Mackenzie. A. Price. F .• n.A. Tooth, H. H., B.A. Mackinnon. F. A .• Price. G. C. Trotter, H. B.A. E. lIlanisty. G. E. Pugh. M. H .• B.A. Trumpel',Rev.J.F.W iI Mann, M. F. J. Rammell. W. H. Tufnell, , '. W. F., LL.B •• " Mnrgerison. J. B .• B.A. Rnwson, E. O. Turner, T. A. Marr, J. E. Rl\ynor, G. H .• Upward, E. P. TI�E B.A. EAGLE. Marsden, Rev. 'V. H. Reynolds, B., B.A. Vale, H. B., B.A. H.A. Mnrshall, A. M .• B.A. Reynolds, G. F. Vuughllll, M. )lartell. E. D. ReYllolds, 11. Vaughun, W. P. H. 1Ilarwood, G. H. Ridley. F. T. Viney, B .. Matthew. G. A. Robinson, Rev. G. Waldo, F. J., B.A. Matthews. H. L. Roney.Dougnl. J. C. \Vallel', H. P .• A MAGAZINE SUPPORTED BY MEMBERS OF H.A. )laxwell. R. P .• B.A. Rooper. H. N. \Valters, St. D. G. McKee. Rev. R. B.A. Roughton. Q. E. Wareing, A., W. R., n.A. ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. 1Ilerivale, C. Russdl. �l. H. Wnrleigh, Rev. F. L., Michael, M. J. Ryland, R. Il. 'Val'l'en, W. 8.0\, Middlewood. M., Scott, R. F . .. \Vedmol'e, E. B.A. . B �. lIlitford. E .• Scurlamore. G. E. Welsby, C., B.A. B.A. Moore, Rev.• J., Sellon, A. G. White, G. B.A. lIlorgan, Rev. P., B.A. J. Sells, A. \OVhytehead,Rev. R. Y., B.A. }I[on-is. J. S. Sharp, H. J. \OVickens, H. J. �rint£� fllr £\nIJllLtiu.crll .onIlJ. tMoser. E. B .• B.A. Shuker. A., B.A. Widgel'Y. W.· lIlosley, E. R., B.A. ·Simpkillsun, H. W .• B.A. Wilkins, E. W. Moss, \V., Simpson, U. 11. Wilkes, J., 11.11.. B.A. 1I10ull, C. A. Simpson, W. H., Willan, W. ,T. B.A. lIIurphy, H. H., Slater, B. B. Willcox, F., B.A. 11.11.. Murray, J. D. M. D.A. Smith, B. A. B.A , Wilkinson, Rev. J. T., . Newton, Rev. H. J., B.A. Smith, T. Willacy, Rev. H. G., B.A. Nevinson, T. K. B., B.A. flollmes, H. Williams, H. A. NicksOll. C. M. E. Sollns, W. J., .A. Williams, 'V. G., B H.A. NixOll, H. E. Southam. Rev. J. H., B.A. Williams, \V. T. Northcott, W. Spicer, W., \Villiamsoll, C. C. B.A. Oddie, G. V., B.A. Spokes, J. H. Wills, W., B.A. Odell, A. C. St. Clair,Re v. E. H. G., B.A. \Vilson, A. R. Oldham, \V. C. Stnfl'urth, J., Wilson, W. �I. O. B.A. Osborne, J.• Stpwart, M , Winch, R. F. B.A. H.A� larsons. B., Strahnn, A., Winll, S. J. B.A. B.A. Parsons, C. A. Stuart. E. A., \Vinstnnley. J. A., .. B.A. B.I Peake, E. C., Stllnrt, M. G. \OVinstone, E. H., B.A. B.A. Peek. A. ?or. Suart, 'V. K., Winter, W. E., B.A. H'A' Pendlebury, O. Swift, A. E. \Vise, J, S., B.A. Penny. J. J., B.A. Tait, T. S. Wood. Hev. H. T., B.A. Perkes, R. M. , Talbot. H. T., B.A. \oVood, Ho. M., B.A. LL.B. (!tontcnts� Peter, L. G., Tarleton, A. P., Il.A. Wood. W. B }t. Phillips, H., B.A. Tarrant. E. G. \Yoodhouse, A. C., CommemoTa'tic)ll SeJ'm()llq, I'A'CR 11.11.. �8n 193 Phillips, R. W., Tate, J. M. Woodhousc, R I. B.A. Pinsent, H. C. Taylor, T. \Voolley, A. D., B.A. 011.1' Gallery 215 Piper, A. D. Thomas, H. S. \Vol'kman, A. The PllbJ.ic Schools: Marlboratllgh 224 Pitman, Rev. E. A. B., B.A. Thomas, S. H. 'Vright, F. P .• B.A. Platt, H. B. Thomas, T. W .• Wyles, W., B.A. B.A. Our Chronicle (Afio1zaslmas 7errll, l8i;) 24 Platt. J. H. Thorndike, A. J. W., Yal'dley,J.S., Il.A. 3 B.A. Pope, J. Tillard. J. :Musical Services • 254 des The Subscription for the current year is fixed at 4S. 6d. ; it inclu . rs Nos. 54, 55, 56, being the first three numbers of Vol. X. Subscnbe r, are requested to pay their Subscriptions to lVIr. E. J ohnson, Bookselle n. Trinity Street. Subscribers should leave their addresses with Mr. J ohnsO Non-resident Subscribers are requested to give notice of any change in their addresses. to �Ulnbxi�gt : The Secretaries or other Members of College Societies, are requested erm. send in their notices for the Chronicle before the end of the current T W. :METCALFE AND SON, TRINITY STREET. : Contributions for the next number should be sent in during the Vacati on H . . 18n· the Secretary (Mr. Whitaker), or to one of the Editors (Mr. .Sandys, J, Bevan, J. H. Jenkins. J. A. G. Hamilton). I copzes of the Autotype Pllotograph of' the .Medalllon of Lady .lI£argare (Carte de Vz'st'ie Size) may be obta/metfrom tile Secretary, Pr/cc 6cl. md/. .IST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Fellows. I}f the Coil_ e al/d ,l/(lstus of Arts (COlltil!llerl): tll. Members of tlte Oommittoe. g (+J Mell/bers of th. Oamm '1'3 Late Utee. THE REV. - J., M.A. t Whitaker, Re�. G. H.,M.A. Wilson,'V. S., M.A. TT ,vatkins, Rev. THE REVEREND JOHN Preside A. VV., \Vhitchurst, Rev. J., IEU.A. MASTER, \Viseman, D.D.Hev. 1-1. J., 1I.A. SPICEU \VOOD, D.D., nt. ,V':ltson', Rev. M.A. Fellows the Maste,'s L., M.A. Whitworth,Rev. \V.A.,M.A. Wood, Rev. A., M.A. of Collpge and qf A"ls: ,\,ilsOI1, Rev. \V. A. M.A. E. M.A. � .A. !>, Rev. Frederic, tWilkins, S., \Yood, Rev. F. H., tAbbott,Rev. A., Gamett, W., U. ,V'atso 101.11.. M.A. I Newton,Rev. � .A t W l(.A. M.A.. Adams, Prof. 'V. G.,M.A., . tson, Frank, M.A. i180n, J. M., Wood, Rev. \V. S., Garrod, A. H., M.A. Newton, ' ,Va T H G.,� • �l.A. Rev. W. L. Wilson, tYeld,Hev. C., ll.A. F.It.S. Genese,R. W., �I.A. ,,'cbb, n.. R., M.A. Noon,J., ��.A: 1 .1.. Adams,Rev. T., �r.A. E., hitby, Hev. '1'., M.A. Gorst, J. M.P. Norris, L. C. ,V E., M.A. M.A.., C. R. � . Adamson, Rev. C. tUraves, Rev. C. E., M.A. Obbard, I Rev. A. A.. N: . . Bachelof's Undel'gt'a(luates: Anstice, Rev. J. B., M.A. Green,Rev. E. K., �I ... alUl M.A. Page, T. E., M.A. tBa!low,Rev. W. H.,M.A. r ' � ?enhill, A. G., ALA. Pale),',F.A., M.A. Colenso,R. L. D. J,..dam, C. 'V. Haviland, G. Babmgton, Professor C. C., (rl'lffith, W., �l.A. Rev. Parklllson, Rev. A., Collinson. U. F. H. Haviland, R. C.,B.A. M.A., S. , dams, n.A. F.It.S. Gurne ','f . '1' ., A .A. • � ! I'.U.A.S .. F.U.s. D D .t\- ams,H . B .•A Coombes, G. F. Heather, W. M. J. Dakewell, J. W., M.A. . ., , pod ., n Gwatlnn, Rev. 1., �r.A. tPalmer, B.A. E. T., Prof. E. H. .t\-"new,G. 'V., Cooper, C. Henderson, B.A. Darnacle,Rev. H., M.A. Hallam, G. H., �l.A. LL Pate, H W,M. A. ,G. C. Cope, A. N. lIeywood, J., H.A. Darnacle,Rev. J., �!.A. , .D. .t\-l1en Hartle J., tPeat'son, Cope, F. H.,B.A. A. N. ?" LL.D. Rev. J. B.,l[ .A .t\-llen, J. Hibbmt, J. Date�an,Rev. J. F., M.A. tHaskms, C. E , M.A. ., B A, H.A. Peckovel', Rev. E. G., .. .t\- derton, 'V., B.A. Cordeuux, \V., Hibbel't, P. J., TIayhs, P., M.A. M. . n Haslam, J. B., Penrllebul'y, It., Cort, J. P. Higgs,Rev. A. C., B.A. M.A �r.,\ J,..ndrews, \V. Daynes, T. H.,M.A. Haslam, \V A., M.A.. . . � Pennant, P. P., M.A. J3 haw, T. W. Crick, A. H., B.A. Jl ildersley, A. li. 'V. �!.A. ags Desant, H.,M.A.,F.R.S. IIavlland, B.A. E., J., PeI'kes, Rev. R. J., �!.A. ines,T., Cummings,Rev. C. Hildyard, G. G.,B.A. Dlunn,J. H., LL. M. Ilu B.A. Ha:wes,Rev. Robt., P!erpoint, n.A. Cunynghame,H, H. S., F. D.D. Rev. R. D., M.A. anks,A. R., Hill, C. Dody, Rev. C. W. E., n.A. HeItland, E., B H.A. W. M.A. Pletel's,Rev. J. \V., n.D \V.,B ,A. Curry, E. L. Ilitchman, A. 'V. H. M., M.A. . 13arlo\\', W. Dompas, Heppenstall, Rev. F.,�!.A. B.A. B A. B.A. Pinder, Itev. H. F., B.A. tt,Rev. \V. F., Davies, Rev. J. P., Hope,Rev. C. A., Donney, Rev. T. Ban'e G., Hereford, Right Rev. the Powcll, F. S., 111., B.A. Deakin, J. E., B.A. IIopkin, J., B B.D., l!.A. Ilarton, Hev. H. C. A. F.G.S., F.S.A. Lord Bishop of, \V. B.A. E. D.D. Pryke,Rev. E.,�!.A. Batchelor, A., De vVend, \V. F., Hopper, C. M.A. �I.A. B.A. Donney, Rev. A., Hewison, J. E., Pulliblank, AI.A. F. D.A. Rev. J., llatten,J. M., .. Dixon, J. Homer, J., Donsey, Rev W., M.A. Hey, Rev. R., �I.A. Quirk, J. N., n �. Horny, F. W., B.A. M.A. Bayard, F. C., H,A. Done,R. H, Bourne, C. vV., �!.A. Hibbert, H., �!.A. S. Radcliffe, H.,�LA. tBell,E. H. Du Ilosc, J, F. llollgilton, F. T. tBowling, Rev. E.W., �r.A. B.A. Hicks, W. M., Read, H. N., B.A. Duncan, W. H. Howell, H. J., M.A. �LA. Bennett,H. R., tBoyes, D. L.,n!.A. tHiem, VV. P.,�['A. M.A. E. B.A. Reed, H.ev. W., Bennett,T. J. F. Dunll, H. Hunt, A. L, Drook-Smith,J., �!.A, Hill,H.ev. E. M.A. B.A. H. Reynel',Rev. G. F., Henson,R., B .. Dunn, H.ev. J. C., J-Iutchinson, N. Bros,Rev. D.n. A. F. Q., �['A. Hilleary, F. E., M.A. t fiichardsoll, Rev. G., E. �. Eust, A. I-I. IIlltchinson, T. \V , B.A. �I.A. "Bevan, H. J. Buckler,Rev. J. F., Hoare, A M.A. C., M.A. Robson, Rev. l�., n. G., n.A. East, G. T. Button, H. R., . . Bulmer, M.A, Dillinghurst, n Rev. G. F., Hoare, H.,M.A.. Rob)" H. J., Edmul1ds, \V., B.A. Illlllan, J. S., H.A. M.A. M.A. Billino-hurst, W. H. tBushell,Rev. W. D., M.A. Hockin, C., Rounthwaitc, J. \V. B.A. M.A. Rcv.J.F.,M.A. Bond:\V. A. English, W. W. Innes, Brotlie, Butterton, Rev. G. A , Home,B. 'V., �I.A. W., M.A. B.A, n. D.D. ROllth, Rev. Bonnett, J., Fawkes, 'V. Ireh\l\d, A. Carpmael, E M.A. Howlett, Rev. H., M.A. 'V., , Roughton, A. H.,�1.A. Bonse)" H. D., n.A. Fawkes, A. 'V. Jam'ay, B.A. Carpmael, C., �I.A. tHudsOIl, IV. H. H., M.A., T. M.A. B.A. Rowe,Rev. B., Boote, D. P. Finch,F. C. Jaques, J. 'V., A. n., M.A. Catton, H., n.A. M. LL.M. Howsell, Rev. M.A. Bowers, J. P. A., B.A. t Foote, J. A., Jaques, Chamlcy,vV., M.A. Jackson, Rev. A.,�!.A. Rudd, Rev. E. J. S., M.A. VV. Ford, Eo J. tJ. H. Jenkins J. H., M.A. Boyce, Clark, Liev. �r.A. Jeudwine,G., Hushbrooke, W. G., \V. tJelldwinl', J. "'., B.A. M L. Boyd, J. l'ord, J., B.A. Clark, W. J., M.A. Jeuclwine,Rev. \V., M.A, H., F. Russell,Rev. n.D. Bradshaw, 'V. H., A. Fox, E. S. Johnson, E. J. Clifton, A II Prot R. n., �I. ., Johnson, J. E., Salmo.n, Hev. J. S.,M.A. Foxwell,E., n.A. tJohnson, J. U., �r.A. t Brooke, Rev H., n.A. B.A. F.lI.S. Kempthorn�,Hev.P.H.,M.A. E., B.A. E. "Sandys, J. M.A. Brook.Smith, E. J. Foxwell, 'V. A., Jones, D. 'V. Coape.Al'l101d,Rev.1I.F.J., Kenlledy, Hev. Prof., 1) D, �r.A. Scott, Rev. J. H., Brown,L. MOl·ton, I1.A. Fl'ewen, E. Jones,J. Colson,Rev. C., [M._\. Kitchen, Rev. J. L., M.A. �1.A. Scott, R. F., B.A. Browne, A. B. Fuller, A , Jones, S. S., Collins, B.A. B.A. J., AI.A. tKnowles, Hev. T., M.A. tSimpkinson, n. 'V., B.A. 'V. H., Gan-ett, E. \V., l{et:ly, A. W. Browne,Rev. B.A. Cooper, G.,M .A. Lees, G. W" �r.A. n.A. Sruale, Rev. \V., �r.A. Brunton, C. F. Gutty, F. A. tKelly, E., B.A. Courtney, P"of. L. H., �!.A. Levett, E. L., h!.A. T., H.A. Smith, J., �!.A. Buckingham, A. \V. G eOl'gc, J. 1I. l(emp, H. tCo n., \\'ie, H., M.A. , Levett, Smith. \V. F., B.A. E. Kers ake, Rev. E. K., B.A. �[.A. Jr..... Bryan, W. A., Gepp, Cox,Rev. 'V. A.,M.A. Lewis, Rev. S.S., �!.A. !., �!.A. Snowdon, Rev. Dull, liev. 'V. L., II.A. Goldie, C. J. D. Kikuchi, D. CreswelI,Rev. S. F., Ley,. A. B. M., M.A. Spencer, Rev. 1. B .. M.A. Goldie, J. ll. D , A. Kingsford, W. L. KA., Burford, F., B F.Il.G.S. Liveing, Prof. G. D.,M.A. tSto.nwell. Rev. C., 11.11.. H. l\och, \V. K, H.A. F.II.A.S., ALA. Bm'ges, E. '1' , II.A. GOlldridge, A. (;ruickshnnk,G. E., 'IoI.A. Lloyd, E. \V. M., MA. G. A.,M.A. Il.A. 11. Starkey, DUl'nett, Hev. li. P., B.A. Grasett, G. le, Laing, P. �l 11.A. Day,Rev. H. G., �!.A. Lunn,Rev. J. R., StevCl�s,Rev, A. · Grcelluway, \Y. Lamplugh, D., B.D. J., S Butler, Itev. A., B.A. De La Rue, T. A., �r.A.· Lupton, Rev. J. n., !I.A. Stradhng, Rev. \v. J. t,. ., n. 11., Lane, F. G. A., Butlin, W. n. Greenhill, B.A. 11,,\. Dinnis, Rev. }<'. H., M.A. Main, P. '1'., M.A. Street, H. 'V., [ H., !l Langley,J. N., .. �LA. LL.M. Caister,\V., B.A. Griffin,R. . . II �. Dixon, Hev. R ., M.A. Manchester, Vel'y C., LA. A '1'., Rev. the tTaylOl', Itev. � A. . Gripper,W., Latham, . B.D, , M.A. Cullis, W II.A. 1l.A. ])ro.kc, liev. C. B.,M.A. Dean of, Rev. \V. 1., B.·A. '1'. Taylor, Cargill,Rev. E., B.A. Gwatkin, A. J. G., Lattimer, :Dol'sett, Prof. \V., Marrack,J. R.,�!.A. I Taylor, J. n., Gwillim, W. H., n.A. I,andel', J. T. M.A. M.A. Cbl'less, W.,B.A. Dymoek,IT. M.A. Marshal!, A., A1.A. 11., R.A. �lc L., Teall,J. J. C A. Haigh, A. Laurie, It. N., I1.A. B.A. an, C. Eastbul'l1, Hev. C. F., Murshull, A. 1\[., Tcasdal�, J , B.A. l.aynrd, C P, �I.A. I ; M.A. Carter,J. T. Ball, J., II.A. .• �I.A.,Q.O.,M.P. 'lerry,lo.C.B·' M B.A. tEbsworth,Hev.J.'V.,�I.A. Marten,A.G · Hallam, J. If. Laycock. Hev. J. :\'1., Carver,F.,B.A. . EII!'n, F. S., LT,.�l. Mason, Rev. P. 11., M.,," F A Lee, F. B.:ho N.nsoll, Hc . M.A., ?- V lA Challice, W. D. Halliday, G., IL . � � ' ., �. ];�van5, Rev. A., M.A. �bssie, J., M.A. lublll,Hev. 1., �!.;\ !.A. Chaplin, \V. H.. B.A. -Hamilton, J. A. G. Lee,W. J. l"allow, T . .M., D., �[.A. Rev. A. F., � �I.A. Mathews, Rev. A. Torry, H. J., B.A. Hanbury, Hev. W. F. J.,B.A. Lewis,H. J. . Cheesemun, Hev. :Field,Hev. J. \V., M A t:r.layor,Rev.J.B.,M.;\.[�I.A. Towsey, Re A"' �l A; H. Le Marchant,J. G.,B.A, ; A Child, W. II., B.A. Hansoll, It., l"inch, n. n., �r.A. :!IIayor,Rev. Prof. J. Rll., 'l'weeddal(', ev. I .,/' 11.11.. M. ·M·'" Clapp, W. J. Hanson, J. C. -Light, G. *Foxwell,lI. f;., M.A. lIIcniman,Rev. J., �l.A. Ul1l1erwood,He� C., \ ., . Clare O. L., B.A. lIardy, J. n. Litchfield, V. �[.A. �I.A. . Francis, Rcv. John, lII!cklem, '1' . V nlon, li. E., �l.A B.A. N. .. i Clarke, R. F. Harper, Rev. F. \V., Littleton, J., B.A. l"l'ccman Rev. A., M.A., MIller, Prof. \V. n., Vi ace, H., n. MoA., 11.;\. [ CO!ltes A. E. Harrison, It. J. Lloyd, J. F.ll.A.;. Morshcad, R., M.A. [F.llS. tWace, F. C., 13., !.A.,�;L�)' � Coates: W. C. tHaslam, A. H., B.A. Lloyd, J. n.A. FI'ccse, J. H., B.A. [LL.M. tMoss, Hey. ll. \'l., '':alton, l�<;v. 1., I., . . �I.A. Cobbold, F. A., n.A. Haslam, Rev. U. E., n.A. Long, F. W. Friccllander Rev. G. :M., Moulton, J. 1"., Ward, J. 1., E. M.A. R.�. Coleby, Rev. F., H.A. tHlIslam, :F. VV'. C., Lord, \ValTell, llcv. L., . K, .. tMullillB, \V. n.A.E., M.A. }o'yncs.Clint'oll, '" A B.A. N \. Ullslam, S., •. LllCC, I':. Colol150,1o' E., 11 \. VOL. X. Bacltelo!'b and VI/dergradl/a.tes (continlled): APRIL, 1878.

Mackenzie, A. Pt'ice, G. C. Trotter, 1I. E. Mackinnon, F. A., Pugh, M. H., D A. Trumper, B.A. Hev.J.F W Manisty, G. E. ]tHmmell, \V. II. :l:ufnell, .'V. F., Ll.:II. Mann, M. F. J. ltawson, E. O. 1 umer, 1'. A. MUl'gerison, J. n., D.A. Raynor, G H.,)l Upwurd, A. E. F. 1I18l'1', J. E. Revllolds, n , Yale, B A. 1-1, l.l., Mal'�den, Rev. ·W. H, Re)' H lds, G. F. Vuughan, n.A. H.A. o M., )l arten, E. D. T •• A. THE EAGLE. ReYllolds, H. Vuughan, W. P. H. J,lnl'lVood, G. H. H.idley, F. T . . . Yiney, B .... le 1Ilutthew, G. A., H.obinson, H.ev. G. 'Valdo, F. J., n A. n.A. Mntthews, n. L. Roncy Dougal, J. C. 'Vallet·, H. P., Maxwell, It. P., . Rooper, H. N., 'Yalters, 11 A. B .... H.A. St. D. G. McKee, Rev. R. A., B.A. Roughton, Q. E. 'Vareing. \V. It., A MAGAZINE SUPPORTED BY MEMBERS OF Mel' ivale, C., Hussell, M. ll. n.A. B.A. 'Yarleigh. Hev. F. L., Michael, M. J. Ityland, It. H. 'Varren, 'V., n.A. lJ. Middlewood, M., Scuclamore, G. E. A, ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. B.A. 'Vedmorr, E. B.A. :'ditford, E., Se11on, A. G. Welsby, C., D.A. Moore, Hev., J., S�lls, A. 1l.A. White, G. 1Ilorgan. Rev. J. P., . . Sh rp, H. J., B.A. B ... a 'Yhytehead.llev.R. Y.,D."" tMoser, E. B., n.A. Shuker, A., Wicltens, H. J. Mosley, R., D.A. 11 A. E. Sim pson. C. H. Widgery, W., B.A. Moss, 'V., II.A. Simpson, \V. H., 'B.A. Wilkins, E. W. Moull, C. A. Slater, B. n. 'Vill,es, J., Wrini£h f,ar �nhcrih.crl$ ,anI!!. Murphy. H. H., Smith, B. B.A. B.A. A., Willan, W. J. Munay, Rev. D. B.A. B.A. J. M., Smith, T. 'Villcox, F., B.A. B.A. Newton,llev. H. J., Soamcs, H. \Vilkinson, Rev. J. '1'., Nevinson,Rev.T.K.B" M.A. B.A. D.A. Soli as, 'V. J., Willacy, Rev. H. G., lJ.A. Nickson, C. M. E. Southam. Rev. J. H., M.A. Williams, H. A. Ni on, Il.A. x H. E. Spicer, 'Y., Williams, \V. G., D.A. Northcott, 'V. Spokes, J. lI. 'Yilliums, W. T. Oddie, G. V., B.A. St. Clair, Hev. E. H. G., B.A. 'Yilliamson, C. C. Ode11, A. C. Stnffurth, J., D.A. 'Vills, W., B.A. Oldham, W. C. Stewart, M , n.A, 'Vilson, A. H. Osbol'lle, J., • St1'llhan, A., Wilson, W. O. 11 .01.. D.A. �L Parsons, B., B.A. Stullrt, E. A., • Winch, R. F., 11 .01.. D.A. Parsons, C. A. Stuart, M. G. Winll. S. J. Peake, E. C., Suart, W. K., D.A. Winstllnley, J. A., •• B.A. B.I Peek. A. M. Swift, A. E. Winstone, E. H., D.A. Pendlebury. C. Tait, T. S. Winter, W. E , B.A. Penny, J. J., B.A. Talbot, H. '1'., B.A. 'Vise, J, S., B.A. Perkes, R. M., Tarleton, A. P., 'Vood, Rev. H. 1'., B.A. B.A. B ...... Peter, L. G., T arr n , E. G. . B ...... a t Wood, R . M., 4tO'nitntB: .A. LL.U. Phillips, H., B Tate. J. M. Wood, W. PAOIt The Public Schools: Harrow • 2 7 Phillips, R. W., Taylor, T. "roodhouse, A. C., • 5 B.A. D.A. Pins ent, H. C. T homas, H. S. 'Y oodhouse, R. I. Christmas Eve in a Rectory 279 Piper, A. D. Thomas, S. H. Woolley, A. D., 11.A. Our Ascent of Mount Hermon • 286 Pitman, Rev. E. A. B., B.A. Thomas, T. W., 'Yol'kman, A. B.A. Platt, H. E. Thol'l1dike, A. J. \Y., 'Yright, F. P., D.A. Thomas Whytehead 291 D.A. D.A. Platt, J. H. TilIard, J., 'Vyles, W., • 304 D.A. The Lady Margaret in the Days of Old Pope, J. Tofts, A. C. Yardley, J. S., D.A. Lake Nyassa 306 Price, E. M., B.A. Tooth, H. H., D.A. Price, F., Our Chronicle 309 Il ...... (Lent 7erm, (878) St. John's College Chapel Services • 3IB The Subscription for the current year is fixed at 4s. 6d. j it include! Nos. 57, 58, 59, being the last three numbers of Vol. X. Subscribers are requested to pay their Subscriptions to Mr. E. Johnson, Bookseller, Trinity Street. Subscribers should leave their addresses with 1\1r. J ohnson. Non-resident Subscribers are requested to give notice of any change in their addresses. �mtthrih�t : TI�e Sec;etari�s or other Members of College Societies, are requested to send In theIr notIces for the Chronicle before the end of the current Term. W. METCALFE AND SON, TRINITY STREET. Contributi�ns for the next number should be sent in at an early da�e to n, 1878. one of t�e Edltors (Mr. Sandys, Mr. FoxweIl, H. E. J. Bevan, J. A. G. Hamllto G. M. Llght). . Copies 0/ .the ,Autotype Photograph of the lIfedallt'o?t of Lady lIIllrgard (Carte de VIS1!e S7ze) fIla)' be obtained from tIle Secreiao', Price 6d. cach.

r 192 Our Chronzde.

THE FIREFLIES LAWN TENNIS CLUB. This Club was formed on the 12th of March. The foHowing Were elected Officers: President-D. P. Boote. ' Treasurer-A. G. Sparrow. Secretary-Po Saben. The number of l\Iembers is limited to 25. The Members at the present time are: Mr. Boote Mr. Johnson Mr. Murton " Coombes Jones, J. S. Saben ,. Cort Hutchinson Sparrow " Dyson " Kenny " Smith, B. W. Firth Litchfield " \Vilson, W. M. O. COMMEMORATION SERMON, 1877. " Granger " !liarr

ATHLETICS. by on unday, May 6th, [The Commemoration Sermon was preached S In the Inter-University Sports, held at Lillie Bridge, on Mayor, formerly Fellow and Tutor of the Reverend Joseph Bickersteth March 23 rd, this College was represented by A. H. East of Classical Literature at King's College, the College, and now Professor (Putting the Weight), J. H. Plant (One Mile Race), C. B. King us to meet the wishes of many of London; who has kindly enabled (Three Miles Race). Of these East and King secured second g us to print it in the College those who heard the Sermon by allowin '\ places against Oxford. Magazine.-ED. ] RACKETS. xiii. 52. I The Newbury Cup for Single-handed Rackets was won by MATTHEW J. B. Hallam last Term. 'kingdom of luazJett 111crefore evelY scribe wlzz'ch IS ills" ltcted unto the LAWN TENNIS. bringet/z forth IS hke unto a man that IS an householder, Whl'cll

The Eagles.-W. Gripper, B.A. , Pm/dml; J. S. Morris, out of IllS treaSlt1 e tlzings TUW and old. Tnasurer; J. H. Hallam, Secretary. Subscription Ss. per Term, Entrance fee 2S. 6d. S�T is with no ordinary feelings that, after an The single and double ties will be played early in the Term, ?JiI� than thirtep.n years, I find in order that the two best representatives of the Club may be inten'al of more - � of St. selected to play in foreign matches. myself again addressing the members lege Chapel. But though ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE MUSICAL SoCIETY. John's College in the Col in fo rmer Committee: I am preaching in St. John'S Chapel, as , President-R. Pendlebury, M.A. Librarian-H. Th0Il!pson. years, I am not preaching in the building which was Treasurer-H. S. Foxwell, M.A. J. H. GWllbm. and Secretary-H. E. J. Bevan. I H. T. Kemp. once so fa miliar to me, but in one far larger Conductor-Dr. G. M. Garrett. more magnificent. It is full of memories of the old The subscription is 6s. per Term. The weekly practices ante-chapel I see Bishop Fisher's are held on Friday, at 7.0 p.m., in Lecture-room H., First chapel; in the ents and the Court. arches, and near them the old monum The Annual Concert will be given in the Guildhall on beautiful altar-piece on which I often gazed as an Monday, May 28th. Members of the Society who have sub­ Undergraduate; here before me there is the lectern scribed (a) for two terms will be entitled to five tickets, (b) for fu rther on, by one term will be entitled to two tickets, exclusive of free given by the sainted Whitehead; admission for themselves. the side of the altar, there are relics of a yet older N.B. These tickets are not transferable to other Members chapel, carrying our thoughts back beyond the Refor­ of the College, but only to their friends. mat Fisher and the Lady Margaret Non-subscribers may procure tickets for themselves, and ion, beyond Bishop extra tickets may be obtained from the Secretary, at his to the oldest foundation of all, the original Hospital Rooms (H, New Court). VOL. X. o Commemora/trJ1Z Sermon, 194 Commetttorait"o1'l Se7'IJZOn, 1877. 1877. 195 of St. John. As I look I am reminded of the words confu sed than that either of those who have been of our own loved and honoured poet:' engaged for years in the continued struggle for improvement, and who in the heat of the strife are Glad sight wherever new with old apt to 'count nothing done while aught remains to Is bound through some dear home-born tie; do,' or, on the other hand, of those whose sense of The life of all that we behold what they themselves owe to the old, of the real Depends upon that mystery. good which it was capable of producing and did as And the impression here produced on one who returns a fa ct frequently produce, makes them impatient of to Cambridge after long absence is strengthened and criticism and disposed to deprecate any attempt at confirmed as he passes beyond the College gates and change. I believe that I speak the sentiments of watches everywhere signs of a loving and reverent many who entertain the truest affection for their care ill the restoratiun and extension of College and University, and have watched her course most care­ University buildings. Even if here and there some­ fully during the last quarter of a century, when I say thing in the new may seem to be not yet quite in that the improvement which they see on comparing harmony with the old, if some slight discordant the beginning and the end of that time appears to touches may be noticed, yet time, the healer and them almost incredible: improvement externally, in the soother, will soon have softened down the har�h­ the widespread influence of the University, and the ness of contrast, and in a few years, we know, all feeling generally entertained towards her by those will be blended together into a richer and fuller outside; and improvement internally, in regard to the whole, which is destined, as we hope, to impress range of studies, the methods of teaching, the position itself ever more strongly and deeply upon each suc­ of the teacher, and the encouragements offered to cessive generation of the youth of England. students. To those who, while admitting the neces­ These things, brethren, are an allegory; that whic1i sity for freeing the University from restrictions and is true in the material sphere is true no less in the widening the range of her studies, still fe ared that spiritual; that which is true of the outward aspect the crowning study of theology might suffer fr om is true also of the inner life of the College and competition or collision with other studies, perhaps University. Everywhere there is movement, growth, the most gratifying thought of all on looking back expansion. What the more ardent longed for, some at the last fe w years of our history is this, that never twenty years ago, as an almost impo�sible ideal has now, has Cambridge stood higher as a theological school been in part accomplished, or is every day in process than at the present time, that this University of ours of accomplishment; while the evils which were antici­ is now everywhere recognized as the chief bulwark pated by the more cautious have been shewn to be of the faith in England, the chosen abode of sound imaginary, or, at least, far less serious than it was exegesis and calm impartial inquiry, amid the confused fe ared they might be. A visitor from the outside shock of infidelity on the one hand and superstition world has, perhaps, certain advantages over a resident on the other. in forming an estimate of the character and magnitude I have felt constrained to say thus much in reference of these changes. His recollection of the past, as it to the occasion which calls us together to-day, and the actually was at a given moment, is less likely to be thoughts which it naturally excites in those who have 02 Commem01'atzon Sermon, 196 1877. 0011zmemorattOlZ Se1'11Z0n, 1877. 197 come from a distance to take part in our College Com­ in the so-called religious newspapers at home and memoration. I turn now to the closer examination abroad, that we have to seek for Its worst manifes_ of the subject brought before us in my text, and to tatiol1s. I do not doubt that we are able to see the the consideration of the lessons which it may contain malignancy of party-spirit when it takes such forms for institutions such as ours. as these ; but there are very few whose tempers Looking generally at the text, it tells us that it are so calm, and whose minds are so evenly balanced, is the characteristic of Christian teaching to combine that they are never in danger of falling into it the old and the new; that neither is he rightly themselves. And the danger is often greater in pro­ instructed who contents himself with a repetition of portion to the earnestness and enthusiasm of the what has been handed down from former generations, individual character, particularly at that time of life nor he who, disregarding the wisdom of the past, which we expect to be the most full of enthusiasm, would determine everything by the standard of his and which has not yet learnt from experience to own generation or his own individual liking: We recognize the variety of goodness, to suspect itself, know that in all times men have been apt to split and to make allowance for others. There is, probably, into parties, conservative and liberal, reforming and 110 one here who has not at some time or other been orthodox, by whatever names they may have been in the society of pt'rsons who, because they called known; one asserting the importance of order, of themselves Liberals, seemed to fancy that they holding fast the good which has been already attained, possessed a monopoly of intelligence and honesty the other asser ting the importance of progress, the and public spirit; or, on the other hand, of persons need of continually pressing onward to further good. who, calling themselves Conservatives, were ready to We know what contempt these parties have constantly suspect all others of a 'want of principle or religion. poured upon each other, what bitter enmities have For political purposes it may be convenient that the arisen between them, till at last it has sometimes mass of men should be thus under the dom inion of seemed as if the sole test of adherence to the one a blind party-spirit ; and, if the alternative lies between side or the other was the hatred entertained for the blind individual-selfishness and blind party-selfishness, partisans of the opposite side. To be a good hater we must certainly prefer the latter; but no man who was all that was asked for; the essence of liberalism is capable of thought, 110 man who is conscious of was to be intolerant of bigotry, the essence of his own moral responsibility in the sight of God, no orthodoxy to be intolerant of heresy. To be quick­ man who is picked out by superiority of station and sighted in spying out a neighbour's errors or a education to he, either at present or in the future, a neighbour's faults was the best assurance to a man's guide and adviser of his fellow countrymen,-none ' self of his own rectitude of judgment and of life ; certainly of us here can wi thout real moral detriment to see the mote in a brother's eye the most con­ become what is called a party-man. Nor is it merely clusive proof that there could be nothing to dim the a loss to the individual: each man who gives way clearness of one's own. to party-spirit makes it more difficult for others to Students of Thucydides are familiar with the features practise moderation; it is the insane violence of the of this intolerant party-spirit as it shewed itself in partisans on either side which is mainly responsible heathen Greece of old; in our own day it is unhappily for the extravagances of their opponents. . Comtlzemoralt'on Sermon, 1877. 199 198 Commemoratt'on Sermon, 1877. Again, I know not. Both sets of But the folly and absurdity of priding oneself on worst of these? alike mischievous to society and degrading being reckoned with one party or the other is qualities are evident sensual, devilish. individuals; both are earthly, on a moment's reflection. Why do you call yourself a to of plain, then, that to be an eager partisan Conservative? Why do you call yourself a Liberal? In It is no title to honour with men nine case� out the old or the new is of ten it is the mere result of bringing what but the main thing is not are you, up, of chance association, of prosperous or adverse of sense; what are you ? Parties, probably, must always circumstances. In the tenth case it is true we do of ktnd as we have �een; and this come to real grounds exist. Individuals differ, of difference in the individual by God ividual difference is a remedy provided character ; but, if we analyse these, I am at a loss ind our nature. Each is to fill to see why one for the imperfection of is to. be preferred to the other. The were what is lacking in his brother. "If they tendencies in either direction are partly good and up � r, where were the body ? If the wh le partly bad. Here is a youth all one membe full of generous sym­ i If the were an eye, where were the hearing pathies, eager, hopeful, imaginative ; here body another where were the smelling? with a keen whole body were hearing, critical eye, a hatred of disorder both body." now are they many members, yet but one in thought and practice; in the one the emotions, But is not merely to satisfy present needs, but, in the other the intellect, are naturally And this predisposed to bring about in the to the side of as St. Paul tells us elsewhere, progress. On the other hand, what come the perfection of the race, "till we all Wordsworth speaks of as 'natural piety,' the tender end unto the measure of the stature reverential affection which unto a perfect man, entwines itself around the meanwhile the of the fullness of Christ." But in the customary and the old, and which is one of the of the difference in individuals-which distinguishes surest marks of a beautiful and loveable spirit, fact this ls, and is seen to prevail may combine man from the lower anima with the quiet brooding thoughtfulness joined in the highest type of man-this fact, which penetrates to the good hidden under most an un­ corresponding impulse to promising exterior, with the need and the and with the high wisdom which sects and cooperation, necessarily gives rise to is careless of the form and of the letter, knowing society and it is hardly possible that the spirit and schools and parties; can make use alike of every form or usies should exist without producing jealo of no form; and all together ma.y tend that these to the side of parties are actuated of order. Which of and animosities. If the leaders these am I to say is the better? then these higher motives of which we spoke, I know not. Both in their way are admirable; both by the to a minimum; then both parties form a part of that evils may be reduced divine salt which saves the world rivalry and with m contend together in a generous from the putrefying influences of selfishness ay and admiration, feeling sure that they sensuality. But mutual respect and if there are good qualities which have the promotion of are both alike aiming at one object, a natural tendency to range men on one side or the good. If, on the other hand, parties are other, so there are also bad ones. On the the common one side, motives, if they have ceased vanity, fussiness, actuated by the lower envy, shallowness, lawlessness; on are only to trust and respect each other, and aiming the other, pride, laziness, dulness, indifference to at their own selfish aggrandizement and the destruc­ surrounding mi�ery and to the defects in the present tion of their opponents, then we come to such a state constitution of society. vVhich am I to say is the 200 COIJt1ncmoratt'c))t Serlllon, 1877, Commemoration Sennrm, 1877. 201 of combined in the highest things as we read of in the prophet-like pages of universally allowed to have Thucyd liberty and loyal ides, such as we may have witnessed with our degree progress and order, personal own eyes in France. The history of Fran ce during obedience to constituted authority. new in the last hundred years is the most impressive of all This is the effect of the union of old and see the sermons on the evils of party-spirit. Brought up the political sphere. Let us now turn to spheres of art under one extreme, the extreme of authority and of working of the same principle in the class-su it needs only a bordination, the men of the first revolution and science. As regards science, rusherl to shew headlong into the opposite extreme, proclaimed glance at any history of inductive science steps, by the the absolute equality of all men, set up atheism as how it has grown upwards by slow generation the national religion, changed the names of places observations and experiments of a fo rmer by hypo­ and times and seasons; in every way seeking to cut repeated and confirmed by their successors, ed or rejected off the connexion with the old France, and to notify theses suggested, assumed, tested, accept upon the to all that a new age had begun N one will deny by a long course of thinkers, each building a resting that change was sorely needed, and that great work left by his predecessors, but not blindly however good has in the end resulted fr om the revolution; upon their authority, disregarding names inced, and that yet at what a terrible cost was this effected, the great unless his own reason was conv gh his own bloody scenes of the Terror and the Imperial despotism not fr om arrogant self-confidence, as thou however much in France, the long misery of the Napoleonic wars opinion must necessarily be right he believed that in Europe, re-action following upon re-action, a new others might be wrong, but because which lighteth Imperial usurper, the canker of internal corruption, God had infused into him that light and because and the final crushing of France by her bitterest every man that cometh into the world, to truth and encmy! It is tl'ue that, in spite of all the efforts of he knew that he would be disobedient to listen to the parties to annihilate their opponents, and, if possible, to the God of truth, if he refused to any voice to efface the traces of each other's handiwork, the voice of reason within him, or listened scientific man philosophic observer can still point out the course of unsanctioned by that. Thus the truly old, for he natural development, and shew that even here the will neither be contemptuous towards the he is con­ past was parent of the present; but it is impossible believes that the spirit of truth, of which in thousands to calculate the waste and the suffering which has scious in himself, has been working able as himself; been caused by this dislocation of feeling, by the before he was born, as honest and as to accept their uprooting of that natural piety which should knit nor, on the other hand, will he dare unless he is satisfied together the centuries of the nation as well as the conclusions as certain and valid, and deductive reasolling days of the man. We may thank God that in our own of their truth by inductive own mind. There is country we have been spared such violent disruption, such as carries conviction to his old and new in such a that with us "freedom has broadened slowly down no real opposition between to the freshness of his own from pl'ecedent to precedent," that here the new has case as this. It is owing fresh grasp of principles naturally developed itself from the old, and patriotism thought and feeling, to his to welcome light from has on the whole been too strong for party-spirit. at first hand, to his readiness curiosity in tracing out fresh And thl/8 it has come to pass tnat England is all quarters, to his eager 202 Commemora#on Sermon, 1877. Commemoratt'on Sermon, 1877. 203

must be applications of old principles, his unwearied investi­ careful study of their predecessors. There gation of supposed fa cts and laws ; it is owing to these a fe eling un­ the fire burning within, a spirit and qualities younger up into in the generations of thinkers and borrowed from without, though it may wake investigators, that the old truths genius; retain their living consciousness in the presence of a kindred fo rce and power in human thought and life. to be more Those but the vehicle and expression are sure who despise the old are fo r the most part befo re. If sciolists, or less a development of what has existed whose interest in science is confined Homer, to its nebulous this is not always apparent, as in the case of fr inge of still unverified hypotheses ; the norance of mote startling it is only to be attributed to our own ig these are to the ordinary intelligence, which the more they the circumstances of the time. Even Greek art, seem likely to upset some established the soil belief, the more was once thought to be a spontaneous birth of ready is the pretender to science closely to erect them into of Hellas, is proved by late discoveries to be fixed principles and absolute east. laws. But true science connected with the older civilizations of the repudiates such fo llowers as old is these. Thus in art, too, we find the union of new and Granting, however, that science absolutely de rests upon this the secret of success ; the attempt to start union of old and new, is it possible to say the same novo gives rise to mere monstrosities and absurdities, of art I The growth of art is con yield no stantly contrasted while a slavish imitation of the past can with that of science as something altogether of China or irregular. better fr uit than the dead decorative art The latest word of science supersedes all growth and that has of Egypt. Again, if we believe in the gone before, but the oldest poetry is still unsurpassed. a Christian progress of humanity-and who that is The course of science may be compared to the fe elings and river, can doubt this I-we shall hold that the which flows on uninterruptedly with an ever increasing and sentiments of men, as well as their thought volume of water till it reaches the sea ; art the course is like the knowledge, become deeper and wider in geyser, now springing up to heaven, its fiery column sentiment, of ages ; and art, the expression of this irradiated with' all the splendours of the rainbow, now develop- must exhibit a corresponding growth and silent and slumbering in the ground. We must not, ment. however, press the comparison too fa r. The course the of In politics then, in science and in art we find science has not been always uninterrupted. In many religion? same law holding good. How is it in regard to respects the knowledge of Aristotle was seen that more exact In those other departments of life we have and more philosophic than that of anyone who one hand lived to ignore and neglect the past on the during the thousand years which fo llowed on the other are the fa ll of and to accept it unconditionally the western empire. And, again, there is � Yet in religion an inspira equally mistaken and mischievous. tion granted to genius in science as in art. The the only logical fa cts we hear it loudly proclaimed that on which Newton grounded his hypothesis had or the other­ been course is to choose one alternative patent to the world fo r years ; the idea which or submit to explained submit to authority and defy reason, them was given to him alone. And so, converse the infallibility ly. in reason and defy authority ; accept regard to art ; though it is true that the artist is born, of the Pope or of the Church, or the verbal inspira­ not made, yet the greatest and most original artists tion of Scripture, or else own yourself an unbeliever. have trained and fo stered their genius by the most I would pause here fo r one moment to remark 204 ,Commemoratzo;z Sermon, 1877. C011l1JtclJtoratz'on SC7'1tI01t, 1877. 205 ideas and principles, the that nothing can be more fallacious than the profes­ involves certain axiomatic and wrong, of personal sion, which is often made, of applying strict logic ideas of causality, of right tradition, no authority could to practice. As it is the special boast of Frenchmen, responsibility. No mere our nature. Th.E:y we may distinguish it by the name of the Gallican plant these ideas and feelings in human being j as new, as fallacy. It consists in shutting the eyes to all con­ are born new in every sun or his feeling siderations but one, and assuming that conclusions much his own, as his sight of the to the infant of this moment as thus arrived at will be true for all the complications of warmth j as new of the race. We Christians of life. As motives are scarcely ever simple, it is to the first-created is revealing Himself to almost a certainty that such conclusions must be false. believe that in them God Without this immediate con­ But to return. This cry of "all or nothing" is re­ each of His children. book, no teacher, no church echoed from all sides, now in the shrill scream of sciousness of God, no owledge of God. It is only as the bigot, now in the mocking laughter of the can give us the kn onds with the inner revela­ worldling ; and we see the effects of it in the restless the outer teaching corresp faith in it or obtain any agitation which pervades religious life, in the break-up tion that we can put any If there is any one who is not of hereditary beliefs, in conversions and re-conversions; benefit from it. revelation, it is of no use one brother seeking refuge in Rome ; another giving conscious of this inward the experience of mankind up the belief in the divinity of Christ, as a doctrine, for us to tell him that for him beforehand, except yet owning the divinity of His character ; a third has settled the matter him to place himself in cir­ abandoning the hope of immortality, yet retaining in so far as it may lead actions, which may awaken his hold on a lofty and stoical morality ; a fourth, cumstances, or to perform g. perhaps, surrenderi_ in him the consciousness which is still slumberin to say that he finds no beauty ng himself to an which differs from the old Epicureanism only in Just as if a man were Gestheticism or in the song of the being feebler and less masculine. While such are in the rosy hues of sunset be gained by forcing the issues at stake it is, indeed, of vital import to nightingale, nothing would of their beauty as long arrive at clear views as to the right and wrong from him a verbal confession to it but by changing of the matter, and to guard against any of those as he remained insensible ; and clownish nature and dull lower motives which we saw prompting men in other the associations, a rude educated and refined to appreciate departments to attach themselves blindly either to the sensibilities may be old or the new. what was once unnoticed or unmeaning. be new or first-hand to the Religion, as we vaguely use the term, embraces Religion then must r old it may be in the history of in itself the three domains of action, thought and individual, howeve this we shall ce all agreed. The feeling, which we have glanced at separately under the race. On when there is a divergence between the names of politics, science, and art. Like art, difficulty arises shaped by former generations and it involves fresh spontaneous feeling, but a feeling religion as it was present j and the difficulty is of a higher order, a sensitiveness to an unseen super­ the beliefs of the concealment which, both for good sensual world underlying this visible world, a increased by the so commonly practised on this consciousness of a Person who is the natural object and bad reasons, is sake of simplicity, I will assum� of our highest reverence and love. Like sciencc;:, it subject. For the 206 Commemoratzfm Sermon, 1877. Commt!11lora/ti)1Z Sermon, 1877. 207

confess Him in name, here that we have only to deal with real genuine Of the follies of those who in deed. You will have gone to the belief on one side and on the other. but deny Him to and tasted for yourself, not trusted The extreme of divergence between past and fountain-head others. All this you have done, and present views of religion is where there is an attempt the report of no doubt that you are justified in to get rid of religion altogether, either on the ground yoU have now religion from the world. You have of science, as being contrary to fact, or on the ground seeking to abolish of right. Be it so; but still of morality, as being prejudicial to human progress no scruple on the score waste his efforts for nothing: and happiness. There are, I believe, some who are a wise man will not how far this enterprise is honestly seeking to overthrow religion on these have you ever considered to pit science against grounds. To such I would gladly address a caution feasible? You are proposing to pit an exceptional, if there were any hope that my words could be heard religion, zO. e., to speak broadly, of human nature; to pit by them. It is a vast enterprize, I would say, that against a universal, fact the intellect alone, in you are engaging in; are you sure that it is right, science, which is confined to a few men take a more that it is wise, that it is feasible? And, first, is which, speaking generally, during a fraction of their it right? Are you so certain of the correctness of or less languid interest which lays claim to the your own view, that you can, without hesitation, attack leisure hours, against religion, interested at all times the edifice which has been built up during thousands whole man, in which all are critical moments of their of years by the labours of men whom you must and deeply interested at the confess to have been among the best and wisest of lives. our race, men disciplined and refined, many of them, 'Naturam expdlas [urea tamen usque reeurret.' by experiences of which our generation knows little ha,s been tried and has failed. or nothing? This religion, or its essence, the faith The experiment that science is irreconcileable in a Divine Father, all-wise, all-good, in an incar­ If it is once beli�ved not religion which will disappear, nate Son, the mediator between God and man, in an with religion, it is all its power to guide and indweIIing Spirit, has been tested by innumerable but science will lose The hostility of science souls under every possible variety of circumstance; control the religious instincts. the triumph of superstition, of they have declared that it has been to them a refuge can only lead to in trouble, a light in darkness, the secret of virtue bigotry, and of fanaticism. however, that the overthrow of and of happiness, the one support in life, the one Let us suppose, let us suppose that to attempt hope in death. If you are prepared to deprive men religion is possible, it remains still is not 0 in itself wrong; of this, there is at least one thing you are bound to its overthrow wise to do so? Is it in accordance have done. You are bound to have used your best to ask, Is it of experience in other departments endeavours to form a fair estimate of the old, before with the dictates have seen that he is no wise politician attempting 10 replace it by the new. You will of life? We a tabultt rasa of existing institutions not be satisfied, as some have been, to assume who would make he might be less hampered in applying without inquiry that the caricature drawn by an in order that c to practice. We have seen that in scien e enemy may be relied upon as a faithful portrait; nor his theories p wisdom to despise the work of previous will you charge upon the religion of Christ the crimes it is no art of 208 C01llmclltOra#01t Se1'lJton, 1877. Commel1loratz'on Sermon, 18n. 209 thinkers and observers ; even such fanciful speCUlations the moral forces minds of others, and appreciating as those of the alchemist and astrologer have been an agonizing conflict it must of the world, what necessary stages in the history of progress. So in own personal sense of duty give rise to between his art we have come now to see that whatever looks fo rward has and his fe eling of humanity, when he excited a genuine human enthusiasm and delight ime which must follow if to all the misery and cr must have had in it the elements of beauty and of ! With what a trembling his view is destined to prevail good, that it is a poor and shallow criticism which the sacred edifice! hand will he deal the first blow to can only point out fa ults, killing the fa culty of With what reverential tenderness would he remove admiration instead of guiding and spared and exalting it. Every­ fr om danger all that could possibly be where the mission of the true of truth, reformer is the same, built up again into the yet grander edifice not to destroy but to fulfil, to see the fu ll-grow'n which we must suppose to fill his vision of the plant ill the seed, to draw out and carry to perfection the future ! latent and imperfect ideal. But passing on fr om the We, my brethren, may thank God that we are anal ogical argument, and looking at the th ing in not called to any such sacrifice as this. A church itself, are the results which may be expected to fo llow which claims infa llibility may force upon its members fr om the but overthrow of religion, such as we could the dread alternative between all or nothing, look upon with satisfaction and pleasure? Can it the Church of England makes no such claim. She really be thought by any lover of his kind that to confesses that churches may err and have erred, and get rid of the belief in 'what are known as the demands belief for nothing which cannot be proved religious sanctions, the existence of a perfectly wise by clear and certain warrant of Holy Scripture. and just Judge who witnesses every thought, word, She encourages each of her children to study the and act, and will determine our fu ture condition in Scripture fo r himself, and to draw his own con­ accordance with our present conduct ; the belief in clusion as to its meaning. No syllabus was ever the existence of a superhuman world of perfect issued by her, no Galileo has been condemned by her. goodness, to share in which we are created, and to Thought and science may grow freely within her prepare fo r which is our main duty here ; the belief borders, and many of the greatest names in the finally in the ever-ready sympathy and help of One history of English philosophy have been and are who is Almighty as well as All-good and All-wise ; amongst the most earnest and most loyal of her can anyone really suppose that to get rid of these there is anything defective in her doctrine sons. If -I beliefs will tend to make men better or happier? or in her fo rmularies, these are no more stereotyped Nothing could justify a good man in striving to than the fo rms of our national constitution. Who­ bring about such a result except an overwhelming ever will, may propose amendments ; and if such sense of duty, and where is such a sense of duty to amendments can be shown to be real improvements, come fr om in the pure experimentalist? If it were there is no reason why they should not be introduced possible fo r a man to be thus possessed with a now, as other improvements were introduced at the certainty of the fa lsehood of religion, and of its Reformation. Within the last fe w years we have seen being his duty to denounce falsehood at all hazards, examples of such improvements, in the modification of still if he had any sort of power of entering into the the terms of clerical subscription, in the new lectionary, VOL. X P �.I"l

210 Commemoraiz'on Sermon, 1'd77. CommemoraHon Sermon, 1877. 2 I I in the revision of the authorized version ; and no one us how this growth in divine knowledge has be�n who understands the signs of the times can doubt says, accomplished; partly, as Bishop Butler by the that others of greater importance are even now coveries made by studious men in the interpretation impending. dis of Scripture ; partly by the advancement of science, But it may be said, though we are not bound by as we call it, that is, by a better understanding of later ecclesiastical tradition like the Romanists, still God's revelation of Himself in nature ; partly by the we are not fr ee fr om the fe tters of antiquity. We improvement in practice and moral fe eling, itself cannot stir beyond the exact letter of the Bihle. It brought about by Christianity, and then re-acting is true that we, in common with all Christians, hold upon our view of Christian doctrine. Our Lord tells that we have in the Bible the record of God's us that it is the duty of the scribe not to look with revelation of Himself to the Jewish nation, and suspicion upon the new ideas which are thus brought through them to the world ; above all, of His reve­ to light, but to welcome them gladly as fresh rays lation of Himself in the person of His Son. We fr om the Father of lights, and to harmonize them claim to be built upon the fo undation of the Apostles with the old truths. and Prophets. We believe and are sure that the God And if it be the duty of each scribe, �'. e. of each fo r whose inspiration we ourselves pray in the Collects Christian student, to do this both for himself and fo r is the same God who inspired Abraham, and David, those whom he is especially sent to teach, it is above and Isaiah, and Paul. We believe that, with them all the duty of Colleges and Universities, which have and with all who at any time or in any place have to train the scribes, to advance the borders of truth, striven in God's strength to resist sin and selfishness and hand down the torch of knowledge fr om age to in their own hearts, we are members incorporate of age. The University, by its very name, is bound to the mystical body of Christ our Lord. But though encourage wideness of view, to scorn the fa lsehood we believe that the Bible contains a revelation of of extremes, to see things as wholes, not confining God's nature and of His dealings with mankind, yet the attention to this side or to that, to take the lead we are not bound down to any mechanical system in the quest of new truth without losing its hold on of inspiration ; on the contrary, the Bible itself teaches truth already won. Those who have never known us that the letter killeth, and that it is the spirit the influences of College and University life may be that giveth life . And, far fr om confining us to the excused if they are prejudiced and one-sided. We, mere repetition of old truths, Christ Himself, in His .,. whose corporate existence stretches far back into the last discourses to His disciples, told them that He middle ages, who reckon among our honoured ances­ had yet many things to say unto them which they try the Puritan as well as the Catholic, the Royalist were not yet able to bear, but that He would send as well as the Roundhead, who have passed safe ly His Spirit to guide them into all the truth, that He through storms of reformation in the Church, of revo­ would be with them always unto the end of the lution in the State, and have seen how great has world. And so in the text, the scribe who is well been the national gain from each in the end, however instructed is to bring out of his treasure things new painful the struggle to individuals at the time i-we as ,yell as old. fall below our birthright, if we fa il to appreciate either The history of the Church and of the world shews what is good and promising in our opponents, or p2 -,, "

212 Commemoratz(m Sermon, 1877. Commemora#on Se rmon, 1877. 213

what ask for a fish ; but sympa­ is faulty and dangerous on our own side ; if we out a scorpion when we honest counsel from allow ourselves to become the slaves of fashion, thizing, serious, and thoroughly fully conscious of the whether old or new ; if we are either so puffed up by one who is seen to be himself perfe ctly disinterested the idea of modern enlightenment as to despise all burdens of the timej who is and expres­ previous ages, or so frightened at the idea of change and perfectly truthful, exact in thought in their true as almost to despair of the fu ture of the Church or sion, and capable of seeing things all and see of the State. No doubt the times are such as to proportions ; one who can do justice to unded justify anxiety. N ever was it harder fo r a young good in all, while himself fixed in principle, fo to man to see his path clear ; never were there noisier upon the rock of faith. It is fo r the University ss pretenders to infallibility on all sides. Listen to the act the part of such a counsellor. While the ma it voice of the Church, to the spirit of the age, to of men are carried away by phrases and claptrap, hold science, to positivism, �to art ; or confess with the is fo r the University to prove all things and agnostic that there is nothing to be known. ' So fa st that which is good ; while other societies may louder and louder swells the tumult. Everywhere content themselves with echoing the latest utterance there is blind striving, friend beating down friend, or of the fa shionable oracle in art or literature, in science failing to beat down fo e in the confusion of the or philosophy, the University is bound to judge and battle ; while the intellectual and moral excitement to originate fo r itself. Others may be satisfied to is still further heightened by religious revivalism, by swell the applause which greets notoriety ; the Uni­ the incessant preaching of the duty of activity, by versity should seek to draw fo rth hidden merit, to the ever fiercer struggle fo r wealth, fo r fa me, fo r incorporate among her members, and to confer her power, even for bare subsistence. To find a parallel honours upon those who, whether trained by her or to such prolonged and wide-spread agitation, to such not, are conscientiously working in her spirit. It is a profound upheaval of thought, we should have to for the University, in an age of luxury and materialism, go back to the Reformation or to the period of the to set an example of plain living and high thinking ; Sophists in Greece. But if our fo reboding of the future to shew how, not by bread alone, but by every word must needs be tinged with anxiety, it is surely an that proceedeth out of the mouth of God, shall man inspiring and ennobling thought that it is the office live. It is fo r the University to raise the ideal of of the University, as representing the union of reason education, not only by constant efforts to perfect her and fa ith, of science and religion, to be the chief own system at home, offering to each of her students instrument in moulding the new age which is thus that training which will make him most helpful to bursting the bands of the past and fo rcing its way others and to himself, but also by teaching the atio into the light. In the midst of all the surrounding teachers and superintending and promoting educ n hubbub, what men are really longing fo r is wise elsewhere. And so, for all professions and all occu­ direction ; not the peremptory assertions of the tra­ pations, it is the University, or that spirit of which ditionalist, offering a stone fo r bread, and silencing the University is the most conspicuous embodiment, reason and conscience 'with the terrors of authority ; which must point each to its ideal, which must inspire not some clever theory of science, which denies or in each high thought and generous fe eling, and save ignores the deepest instincts of our nature, and holds it fro m falling into a mere money-getting drudgery. , /l

214 Oo mmemorati on Sermon, 1877. Such being the work before the University, it will not be necessary fo r me to spend many words in pointing the application for ourselves. Ye see your calling, brethren. From oldest to youngest, from the most learned to the most ignorant, we are called upon to fight against those temptations which would make us unworthy representatives of the University, unworthy of those noble names and memories which this day brings before OUR GALLERY. us. We are called upon to fight against idleness, luxury, and covetousness ; against prejudice and cowardice �HE shortest road between my lodgings and my and love of applause. We are called upon to seek, place of business Ca dingy back-room up three by prayer and diligent and conscientious cultivation flights of steep stone steps, over-looking a of the talents entrusted to us, to become good melancholy collection of smoky house-tops and a stewards of the manifold grace of God, to let our Quakers' burial-ground) passes by one of those wooden light so shine before men that they may see our hoardings so prized by enterprizing and artistic good works, and glorifj our which Father tradesmen, who cover them with choice paintings of is in heaven. . their various wares and places of business, in bound­ less profusion for the amusement and instruction of all that pass by. As the whole thing is done gratuitously and for the benE:fit of the general public, these beneficent individuals can have no more tangible reward fo r their labours than the consciousness that they were done fo r the good of their species and that they are valued accordingly. The hoarding in question has been for many years so coated and recoated by succeeding generations of artists that the path which skirts it has gained the name of "The Gallery." I know there are antiquaries professing much learning on these matters who declare that such is not the proper etymology of the name, that the path was so called long before a single " daub " (for so they choose to describe the pictures) had (I quote their words) "disfigured its walls ;" that the name is most probably derived fr om a corruption of some such word as Gallows, Galley or Gallipot ; and one grave gentleman considers the name to be compounded of "Gal awry," and says it owes its origin to the entrance being so narrow that in the , ()

216 Our Gallcry. Our Gallery. 217

days of crinolines ladies' costumes study of animals. were apt to get attention almost entirely to the disarranged in passing through a bold experi­ it. This, one of his latest productions, is I will not weary the reader very touching­ with any detailed ment in high colouring; the subject is account of the arguments by their which these various an amiable looking cart-horse with a mare, and opinions have been supported, that each of but will refer him tender fo al ; the group is so arranged to the history of the antiquities the back of the County in the geptle creatures is gazing lovingly over which they are all discussed at great length and of another ; the fa ther is of a bright red colour, the with considerable ability and no little rancour by mother blue, while their offspring, contrary to all their respective upholders. Suffice it that where known laws of nature, has turned out a spotless eloctors disagree unprofessional people are at liberty white j for in what possible proportions a mixture to hold their own opinions. And if the path does of blue and red could produce white I fa il to under­ not derive its name from the pictures which line its stand : one almost begins to doubt the great canon len gth, perhaps the name was an inducement to laid down by Rorace, Fo rtes creantur jo dz/JUs. But the original artists in selecting the spot fo r the however upsetting to one's notions of the natural display of their works. fitness of things, Mr. Thorley's colouring is certainly There" being no entrance fe e demanded of the patriotic in the extreme, and renders his picture very visitor to this Palace of Art, I generally like, when striking and original j fe atures it might, fr om the I have time to spare on my way to the office, to simplicity of his subject and the roughness of his stroll about and admire the pictures. The Gallery treatment of it, otherwise have lacked. has this great advantage over all similar institutions, Immediately below the horses and evidently by that the paintings exhibited are constantly and almost the same hand is another farm-yard scene, being an daily chang ing ; consequently I am nearly certain, illustration of Pharaoh's dream. On the one side however fr equent my visits, to find something fr esh are depicted the well-favoured cattle, sleek and each time I go there. I do not mean that there plump and contented-looking, and still adding to are not many fine specimens of th e Old Masters their bulk, wholly unmindful of the cruel fa te await­ which have stood the test of time, and since retain ing them. On the other, we have the lean ill-favoured their hold upon the popular regard. Such fo r kine, with every bone in their bodies sticking out, instance as that tasteful and roomy conveyance in and the skin hanging loose upon the skeleton-a which a certain Mr. Taylor proposes to remove whole painful sight-and one calculated to wring tears of fa milies, together with their furniture, glass, pictures pity from anybody so ignorant of Scripture as not and plate, if they possess any, fo r it is pretty generally to know the sequel of the story and how they are supposed that Mr. Taylor is often fo restalled in the destined to devour their more promising predecessors. removal of this last-mentioned article of household This is the first attempt Mr. Thorley has made in property by more expeditious though less ostentatious sacred subjects, and I can congratulate him on having carriers. fo und a theme so congenial to his tastes j the greedy One of the most striking pictures in the collection look depicted in the countenances of the lean beasts is by Mr. Thorley, ;:m artist who has been now fo r contrasts well with the look of easy contentment some time before the public, and who gives his that characterises the other herd. What a moral , fl.�-�-

8 21 Our Gallery. Our Gallery. 219

might be drawn from this picture. The much as possible ; but it is wealthy should be encouraged as and prosperous landowner enjoying crificed life and thinking a pity that great works of art should be sa to (good easy man) "full surely my a It greatness is the spontaneous experiments of untutored genius. ripening," but little heeding done yonder sour-visaged may seem ungracious when so much has been attorney with his "lean the and hungry look"-perhaps to ask fo r more. Still I must remark that in his pride despising him-until the time comes, that Gallery might be rendered far more useful to the with a single strip of parchment he is ousted from cause of Art, if blank papers were provided fo r the his high estate and is deprived of all his prop,erty, use of those who wish to make copies of, or to even to the mansion which his great-grandfather's improve upon, the original pictures. great-gran dfather inhabited before him. While And while upon the subj ect of improvements I sincerely praising his work, there is one point to may add that it has often struck me with sadness to which I would draw Mr. Thorley's attention-he must behold so many noble works of art torn and dis­ get up his fa cts more accurately ; in the story, as figured by the umbrellas and walking-sticks with related in Genesis, there are seven cattle of each class, which successive critics have been in the habit of while he has given us but three. picking out their points for the edification of their One of the most interesting in the collection is a fr iends. To remedy this evil I would suggest that sketch by Mr. Singer. The subject is extremely the custom of compelling visitors to leave their sticks simple-a young lady, dressed in the height of and umbrellas at the entrance, so commonly adopted fashion, industriously working at a hand-sewing in our public Exhibitions, be introduced, with this machine. The elegance and taste of her attire is reservation however in consideration of the circum­ sufficient evidence that her labour is well repaid, and stances of the case, that an exception be made in proves beyond a doubt that the song of a shirt has favour of open umbrellas on a rainy day. not been written in vain. What an encouragement But to return to Mr. Sing er, while doing fu ll is here given to young sempstresses and milliners ; justice to his choice of subj ect, and to the great skill what an incentive to industry. The young lady does he has shown in the execution, there is one fault in not appear to be more than five-and-twenty years of his picture that I cannot entirely pass over ; I allude age, and yet already her earnings enable her to dress to the enormous red S with which he has thought fit like a duchess. It is astonishing what the sewing to embellish it. Such a conspicuous way of calling machine has effected in behalf of women who live by attention to the Artist evinces very bad taste, and needlework since the time of Hood. Mr. Singer would show more modesty by confining I should like to be able to say something about his initials to the corner, fo r the future, if he intends, the personal appearance of this praiseworthy young as I hope he does, to give us any more of his woman. Unfortunately juvenile amateurs have been charming sketches. at work upon her fa ce. One has added a moustache Next to Mr. Singer's is another portrait of a lady, in crayon ; another has put a well-coloured clay pipe by a lady. The lady represented does not seem to in her mouth ; while a third, attempting to render be engaged in any active duties, and her thoughts her left eye a bright bl.:lck with a piece of coal, has (if an opinion may be fo rmed from the expression of completely scratched it out. No doubt youthful talent her fa ce) are employed on no deeper matter than the ,

Our Gallery. 221 220 Our Gallery. who has become notorious consciousness that her hair (of which she certainl he is a clergyman y that . himself to the Ridsdale judgment possesses an unusually large amount) is the admira­ by steadily opposing that he is a purely fictitious tion of all that pass by. Mrs. AlIen is the artist, It has been suggested some enterprising tailor to and I think it very probable that she is also the personage, set up by his shop ; and this supposition . subject of her drawing. .For it is certain she (the bring customers to from the number of a weU­ lady in the picture) is looking at somebody she no doubt receives support High-street being written admires, and what fe male model ever so far fo rgot known establishment in be of 30s., which may well her own charms as to admire an artist of the same below, with the sum price of the clothes. But sex. If my conjecture be correct, Mr. AlIen is a taken as referring to the I think it more likely the man to be envied. To have such beauty, and so after careful consideration an opposition clothier t<:> much of it, constantly at one's elbow is a happiness picture is put there by that, although his rival's that can fall to the lot of but fe w. warn intending purchasers so his own, they are neither There is another drawing to which I would call goods are cheaper than I was at first rather attention. It is a fu ll-length portrait of ' a young comfortable nor so elegant. by observing a considerable gentleman gorgeously attired in a light tweed suit shaken in this opinion coats exactly like the one of the most remarkable and conspicuous pattern, number of young men in be remembered that gentle­ happily, as the subscription info rms us, "quite pourtrayed. But it must cannot always dress as unique." The coat is cut in the very height of the men of the highest taste their ar.e obliged to consult last London fashion but three or fo ur, and is the they would like, but a new suit ; and the exact opposite, both in shap'e and dimensions, to that bankers before purchasing well " rig out " fo r 30s. might which has been fa cetiously described as the " Toulon attractions of an entire of us in spite of most and Toulouse." Both artist and subject are alike prove too strong for many unknown. It is one of those pictures which in the fr ightful warnings. open to painters ; con·· Academy would be headed "Portrait of a Gentle­ Our Gallery is not only is itself an art, and an art man," though the figure before us could only by a noisseurs in dress, which English-people, placard the great stretch of politeness be called by such a name. not well understood by of the best shops fo r Indeed he does not deserve the name of man at walls with recommendations fo r both sexes. This advice all ; perhaps gentle in a sense he may be. A gentle various articles of apparel be of and must in many cases doll might be a good description. What he is doing is always well meant, not sufficient taste to it would be difficult to say ; great use to people who have he certainly fe els un­ at it must be remarked th comfortable in his new clothes, dress becomingly ; but and stands very in more palatable if couched stiff in them. In his case truly "the tailor made the advice would be far of the notices referred to man." more coaxing terms. Some of a superior than It would be read rather like the commands hard to determine in what line this S a friend ; fo r instance, Buy KING' gentleman has rendered himself fa mous enough the exhortations of to Again, and Buy KNOX'S BOOTS. occupy so conspicuous a place. That certainly is not CHEAP CLOTHES, why the goods at one shop should the head-piece of a great poet or statesman ; he is the reasons given e at another do not always seem fa r too stiff fo r an actor, his dress fo rbids the idea be preferred to thos ,j}----�

Our Gallery . 223 222 Our Gallery. a little hook called "Out suggested to me by very ; as fo r instance, that the shop re­ was conclusive there is a chapter on the same, Town," in which commended is the largest in the world, or of that urist Mr. F. C. Burnand. by that eminent humo the proprietor of it wishes to get rid of certain I make my bow, and, With this acknowledgment materials which have become unseasonable, in order once more upon the folded hands, gaze listlessly to make room fo r others better suited to the time of with burial-place until a more use-tops and quakers' year. ho shall come to hand. remunerative occupation The Practical Member fo r our Town has taken C. M. advantage of the liberal way in which the walls of the Gallery are thrown open to all who have anything to exhibit, to publish in enormous type a telegraphic correspondence between himself and Mr. Gladstone ap ropos of a meeting about to be held fo r the purpose of expressing sympathy with the Turks. It is only natural that an obscure M.P. should be proud of any intercourse he may have had with the ex-Premier. And had Mr. been so fo rtunate as to have exchanged ideas with the great Commoner upon any of the fe w subjects on which the views of that prolific pamphleteer are not already generally known, no one would grudge him space to publish them. But to placard our walls with the fa ct that Mr. Gladstone considers the Turks undeserving of British sympathy is wholly unnecessary, and a reckless waste of valuable space which should be employed in pub­ lishing more novel information. Indeed, the reckless disregard fo r money evinced in throwing away shilling after shilling to get the opinion of a Statesman on a subj ect on which his views are well known to every reader of the newspapers, is extremely reprehensible in one who has been chosen to represent the votes of an infl uential constituency in the national council. It would only weary the reader were I to attempt a detailed description of all the wonders of our Gallery. It remains only to add that the view presented in the fo regoing, of those placards vulgarly called Advertisements and usually supposed to have no higher artistic object than the extravagant puffing of certain goods and chattels by mercenary vendors, \tl

ll.farlborouglz. 225

Plain, th em from the high plateau of Salisbury and sloping away gradually towards the east till they join the more fa mous Berkshire Downs above Wantage, the town of Marlborough is not now so accessible as in the days uf our fa thers. In those days the old High Street was not as at present silent, but THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS . was noisy fr om morning till night with the clatter of wheels, the crack of whips, and the clang of post­ MARLBOROUGH. horns. Often must those well -known lines have occurred to the mind of the well-read Marlborough _EOGRAPHY is a sub ject which scarcely meets burgher, if any such there were : � at Cambridge with the study which it deserves, Go, call a coach, and let a coach be called, and it is highly probable that many to whom And Jet the man that calleth be the caller, the name of Marlborough is fa miliar would, if asked, And in his calling Jet him nothing call be unable to give an accurate account of its where­ But Coach ! Coach ! Coach ! Oh fo r a coach, ye gods ! abouts. Forty years ago this would hardly have But now the glory has departed. The engineers been the case. Marlborough was not then, as now, of the main line of the Great Western Railway did numbered among the great schools of England, but not choose to follow the course of the old Bath road, the mention of its name called up many memories and Marlborough is now approached only by a single to the travelling public ; fo r was it not situate on line of railway, which leaves the Reading and Devizes the high road from London to the West ? and was branch of the G. W. R. at the little roadside station not the old Castle Inn celebrated far and wide as of Savernake, and after six miles of steep gradients the house at which the best beds and the best steaks ends at the Marlborough Station on a hill high above could be obtained in all the West coun , try ? There the town. While speaking of this railway it may are many oId travellers still living, who retain pleasant not be out of place to mention an amusing event recollections of the quaint old town through which connected with it. One eventful day, some fifteen they used to drive, on their way to and fro between years ago, the inhabitants of Marlborough with all London and Bath and Bristol in the days when the lumbering the (rank and fash ion of the neighbourhood,' assembled stage coach or the speedier, but not over at the first train start fo r Savernake. swif station to see the t, post-chaise was the only means of conveyance, The occasion was a great one, triumphal arches had and long bef ore the Flying Dutchman had reduced been and loud were the cheers as the engine, the erected, distance between Bath and the Metropolis to little with the directors of the line in tow, steamed more than two hours. majestically out of the station. But the shouts of Situate in the heart of Wiltshire, not fa r fr om the joy were destined soon to be hushed. There is a edge of the broad expanse of chalk downs, which steep incline immediately outside the station, and fo rm an irregular parallelogram, marked on the north before the train had accomplished more than half of by Swindon, on the west by Devizes, bounded on the the ascent, whether it was that the engine supplied south by the fe rtile Vale of Pewsey, which separates by the G. W. R. fo r the occasion was physically VOL. X. Q '\

226 Th e Publz'c Schools. Ma rlborough . 227

unequal to the task imposed upon it, or that the of the Parliament displayed at that time by the mayor and corporation and directors on board were inhabitants of Marlborough. "The Parliament," he possessed of somewhat more than the ordinary alder­ says, "resolved to fix a garrison at Marlborough, manic portliness, certain it is that, after various the town the most notoriously disaffected of all Wilt­ puffings and gaspings and abortive whirlings round shire, otherwise, saving the obstinacy and malice of of wheels, the train came to a fu ll stop, and then , its inhabitants, in the situation of it very unfit fo r worse still, began slowly to move back, and, gathering a garrison." The Marlborough townspeople are no pace as it proceeded, rolled back under the triumphal longer now remarkable fo r their enthusiasm in politics. arches, and back into the midst of the dismayed crowd The town till the last Reform Bill returned two far faster than- it had gone fo rth. Notwithstanding members to Parliament, though the population in­ this ill-omened heginning, the railway has on the cluding the College is little over 5000, and it still whole prospered, and the trains are now usually retains one of its members ; but the borough is a successful in scaling the hill, but several times during pocket one, )n the possession of Lord Ailesbury, and the writer's own schooldays, when on the breaking­ the free and independent voters have to take the up of the school there has been a heavy train to candidate with whom the noble Marquis supplies draw, it has been necessary fo r the boys to get out them, and who is of the mild aristocratic Liberal and assist the engine up the hill by placing gravel type. Once or twice some recalcitrant householders on the line. But let us now leave the station and have kicked against their noble landlord's behest, and descend into the town. put fo rth placards announcing the speedy appearance We cross the river Kennet, on the banks of which of a "true Liberal candidate," but no such has ever Marlborough is built, catching a glimpse perhaps actually come fo rward, and, though the leading Con­ of a trout basking in the sun beneath the bridge (for servative spirits of the school have tried to stir up trout have been caught there ere now, though not an agitation fo r a Tory candidate, the nominee of often by college boys), and passing the grammar Tottenham House still retains his seat undisputed. school, now a school no longer, soon after enter the We pass down the street along the covered way upper end of the High Street. Very picturesque and fo rmed by the overhanging houses, known here as quaint is the old Marlborough High Street, with its the "pent house," and reminding 6ne irresistibly of broad sloping roadway, its wavy line of irregular the more fa mous "Rows " at Chester, and every shop fantastic gables on either side, and its twin guardian brings back some recollection of old school-days. towers at either end. Let us stop for a moment and Here, at his door, is Mr. Septimus Smith, that most look at the tower nearest us, that of St. Mary's Church, polite of ironmongers, of whom we used to buy which is well worth a fe w moments' observation, fo r pocket-knives and other hardware, and whom we - besides its richly-carved Norman doorway and the used to exasperate so terribly by imitating (innocently fine perpendicular church appended to it, that tower of course) his chronic condition of "washing " his still bears on its grey sides the marks of the cannon­ hands with invisible soap in impercep'tible water." balls which struck it when the town was bombarded Then there is worthy Mr. Falconer, most sober and by the Royalists in the civil war. Clarendon bears a yet, strange fa ct, most red-nosed of hair-dressers, strong testimony to the zealous sympathy with the cause whom we used to delight to pose with searching Q 2 {\ \ Q

Ma rlboroztgh . 229 228 TIl e Publz(; Schools.

importunate enough when we lay in the sick-room questions bearing however remotely upon his trade, or sanatorium hard by and strove to get to sleep as we sat in that most undignified of seats, the at evening after a day spent in bed ; in vain, for the barber's chair. "Can you tell me, Mr. Falconer, " Rattle and the clatter of the bells, bells, bells ;" is hair an animal or a vegetable product ?" On and at last befo re us rises the strange ugly pile hearing this weighty question the good man would of red-brick, known as the College. stop in his operations, and, after pensive thought and The writer of an article on Marlborough has not rubbing his nasal fe ature till it glowed like fire, would the same materials, from which to choose, as the put us off with the fo llowing satisfactory answer : I've writer of an article on Winchester or Rugby or any "Why really, sir, no opinion on the subject. of the old schools of England. He cannot tell of Some people says one thing and some another." the strange habits and customs of schoolboys in Then there is that greatest of all school institutions, long past ages, of the varying fo rtunes of the school where we have all passed so many happy moments, under a long line of head-masters, and of the school the confectioner's, vulgarly called the " grub shop." days of men whose names are fa mous in history and Has anyone ever calculated how many tons of cake literature and art. Marlborough has been in existence and jam tarts and hot veal pies, commonly called "d but little more than thirty years, and there has not yet og," are consumed in a year at Foster's shop, "between been time fo r many of her sons to make themselves twelve and one," by boys all unmindful of renowned, yet, young as she is, none will now deny their shortly impending dinner and the fo otball which awaits her right to a place in the fo remost rank of English them in the afternoon. There is old Abel, Public Schools, and a hundred years hence' there with his spectacles on his nose, busy at work binding Marlburians'" can be little doubt that her historian will find no in his little shop, where he did so good of a lack of famous names to emblazon on the pages trade in small stationery and the cheap and most his history. But though the school is in itself a growth attractive volumes of Beadle's Sixpenny American stands is Series ; of quite modern days, the site on which it and as we pass the window of Queech, the not over by no means unhistorical, and even preserves monu­ sober little music-seller, we remember the queer instruments ments of times before the dawn of history. We may we bought at his shop in our youth, then speak with some reason of the "Antiquities of amongst which a Jew's harp, a brass trumpet, late and Marlborough College," a title given by the a flageolet stand out pre-eminent ; and the terrible to vexation Bishop Cotton, once head-master of Marlborough, and annoyance our juvenile attempts to , before the school and master an interesting lecture delivered them must have caused our friends both at afterwards published as a pamphlet, and the effect of school and home. But now we are beneath the boy he tower which title on an Eton or Winchester of St. Peter's Church, with its fo ur lof ty the precincts of the pinn amusingly conjectures. Within acles, three conical and the fo urth humped and College stands the ancient mound, which, if I may be shaped like a sugar-loaf (what could the builder have candidates fo r the Classical been about pardoned the allusion by when he built that pinnacle I), and its mighty Tripos, who are probably only too fa miliar with the peal of bells silent now, but noisy and bold theories of Mommsen, bears the same relation to the more modern town of M arlborough as the old .. i.e. the School Magazine. f) ", 0

230 Th e Pztbhc Schools. Ma r lbo rough . 231 Roma Quadrata on the Palatine bore to more modern only added to his fury, fo r, compelling the heads of Rome; Strange have been the fo rtunes of this mound the monasteries to assemble at his Castle on stated and various the phases through which it has passed. days, he practised the unparalleled effrontery of Let us briefly pass them in review. That it was a assuming into his hands the Episcopal fun ctions." Druid work, can scarcely be doubted by any one who Frightfu l visions of the castellan's profanity rise has walked from Marlborough to the neighbouring before us on reading this, but our horror is somewhat Avebury , and seen all along the wa.y smaller barrows lessened when we read on and find that this usurpa­ of similar appearance and construction, till he reaches tion of the Episcopal fu nctions did not consist, as the one which overtops even the Marlborough one, might have been at first supposed, in the administer­ the huge mass of Silbury Hill. It is very probable ing of the Sacrame:1ts but " in levying contributions that between these two mounds, both situate on the of ready money an d fo rced labour." The castle banks of the Kennet, and about six miles distant fr om remained a royal residence during several succeeding one another, there was originally some connexion, but reigns ; and in the time of Henry Ill. occurred what what that connexion was, it is impossible to say. is perhaps the most celebrated event in the history Silbury Hill is the more perfect " specimen of the two, of Marlborough, fo r in 1267 Henry's last parliament for the Marlborough mound has been much mutilated was held there, and herein (as we learn from and doubtless greatly diminished in size by its Camden), "by a general consent of the States of successive owners " having successively supported the the Kingdom there assembled, a law was passed fo r keep of a Norman castle, the grotto summer-house appeasing of all tumults, commonly called the spiral the walks and close cut hedges of the seventeenth Statute of Marlborow." Shortly after this, began the and eighteenth centuries, and the water-works of gradual transformation of the castle fr om a fo rtress Marlborough College."* to a dwelling-house or palace, and in the reign of In the civil wars between Stephen and Matilda, Manor of Marlborough Marlborough Edward the VI. the Castle and Castle played no unimportant part, Forest of Savernake were granted to the being garrisoned and the by the friends of Matilda and Protector, Edward Duke of Somerset, and Marlborough entrusted to the charge of one John Fitz Gilbert. of the Seymour family This remained in the possession John Fitz Gilbert, otherwise known as John of that time till the middle of the eighteenth Marlborough, from is thus described by a contempo rary century. historian :-" He was a very fire-brand of hell and traces of the old Norman castle have long of all wickedness, All who appeared to rule in that castle si.nce disappeared, but not so the Manor-house, whi.ch fo r no other purpose than to scourge the realm with century rose in its place under ceaseless in the ei.ghteenth injuries, seizing on the lands and possessions guiding hand of the great Inigo Jones. This not of the civilians only, but of religious houses of what now fo rms one side of the College court, order soever, building and though often excommunicated, this and if there is any merit, aestheti.cally speaking, in the box-like blue-slated erections of red brick

• Bishop Cotton, "Antiquities of Marlborough which we owe to Mr. Blore, (name notorious in College." I ma nowle y here ack dge my obligations to this interesting of the architect of the Pitt little pamphlet for much of Cambridge as that Press) the matter contained in this artiele. it is that they serve to fo rm a useful fo il to the I " ',Q

2'? J- The Pubhc Schools. . Ma r/borough . 233

elegant proportions and rich mellow colour of the Dr. Wilkinson, the first appointed head-master, 'o:d Manor-house. Some relics too are left an to this though a good scholar, in many ways able man, day of the old garden of th e Seymours, with its and beloved by all who knew him, was not equal straight terrace walks, its close-clipped hedges and to the task, a task one of the hardest that can be its yews cut into all kinds of fa ntastic shapes ; but imposed on a man, of starting a great schoo1. There the cascades which once existed have disappeared, is no denying the fact that his work was a fa ilure. and so, happily, have the artificial ruins in which The school was fu ll ; but it could hardly help being that age delighted ; and nothing remains to shew so, considering the cheapness of the terms and the the terrible indignities, which doubtless the landscape good education offered, and the fa ct that it afforded gardeners inflicted on the old mound, but the spiral special advantages to a class who know the value walk by which it is to this day ascended, at:ld th e of a good education and as a rule cannot afford to grotto, now the abode of dust and verrpin, but once pay very highly fo r it, the clergy of the Church the favourite haunt of a noble patroness of literature, of England ; bu� it was an abode of misrule and Frances, Countess of Hertford and Duchess of even anarchy, and finally matters came to a head Somerset, and her more famous guests, Isaac Watts in a general rebellion. It is hard to get a true and the poet Thomson, a great part of whose " Spring " account of the circumstances of this rebellion, fo r the would seem to have been composed here. Bishop event was hardly important enough to be noticed Cotton, writing twenty years ago, in the lecture by a historian, and the stories at this day current above referred to, comforts himself with the reflexion �. in the school, such as that of the determination "that, if Marlborough in its collegiate character ever of the boys to hang the head-master, who was does produce a poet, who in this age is at all read only spared at the intercession of his wife, are and valued, his writings must be superior to the very plainly more than legendary. Still it was a storm, on common-place effusions which delighted the guests the weathering of which depended the future success of Lady Hertford." May we not say that this hope of the school, and matters looked dark indeed. But has been fulfilled, and that in our own days the a man was fo und equal to the occasion in Dr. voice of Thomson sounds very fe eble compared with Cotton. Resolute of purpose, firm ofcharacter, genial the sweeter tones of another singer, who also takes in manner, and supported by a band of devoted th e Seasons fo r his theme, the author of the Earthly assistant-masters, he soon won his way, and brought Paradise, the Marlburian poet, William Morris ? the ship into smooth water. Great, indeed, is the About 1750 the regime of the Seymours came to an debt which Marlborough owes to him, and well does end. They had other residences which they preferred he deserve the title of "the second fo under of the to Marlborough, and the old Manor-house was let schoo1." In 1858, after seven years of the mo�t and eventually turned into an inn. Truly, it is always undoubtedly successful labour, he was called away da rkest just before the dawn, and the sun, which to an even wider sphere of usefulness, to preside had seemed to set for Marlborough, when the over the great see of Calcutta, and there, a fe w years Seymou rs deserted it, rose again fa r brighter than later, an untimely accident cut short his life . before, when in August 18-+3 lVIarlborough Inn But his mantle at Marlborough fe ll on worthy became Iv[arlborough ColIege. shoulders. His old and valued fr iend, the Rev. ,'\ \ 0

234 Th e PubHc Schools. . Ma rlborouglz. 235

George Granville Bradl ey, then a master at Rugby, Rugbeians and to the countless readers of Tom Brown was unanimously selected by the council to fill his as "Bill," the under school-house porter at Rugby, place, and under Mr. Bradley's rule two of the three and looked up to and reverenced by all small boys parting requests of Dr. Cotton to the school were as a genuine historical character; and the first building speedily fu lfilled (of the third we will speak hereafter) ; which claims our attention is the chapel. Built the cricket-match with Rugby was fo r the first time just at the time when Gothic was once more beginning won, and the Balliol scholarship was gained, and to come into fa shion, but before its treatment was that not once only but fo ur times in three years, so well understood as now, its architecture is of a fo r in one year both Balliols went to Marlborough more or less questionable character, and its external boys, an honour never achieved by any other school effect not pleasing. The interior is hetter, but was before or since. There is no need to speak of Mr. till lately marred to the eyes of many by a somewhat Bradley's ability as a governor, and his marvellous bare and cheerless aspect. To provide a remedy fo r powers of teaching. They are well known to the this was the third and last of Bishop Cotton's parting world. His enthusiasm fo r each subject which he requests to the school, and it has now, owing mainly taught communicated itself to his pupils, and even to the exertions of Dr. Farrar, been done, though Latin prose under his magic touch acquired a poetic whether with success or not is still a disputed glow. He too, when he left the school, after twelve question. The interior is now gorgeous with pictures years' service, on his election to the Mastership of by Stanhope and rich colouring and gilding, executed University College, Oxford, was more than fo rtunate fr om designs by Bodley ; but it may well be doubted in his successors. The almost unparalleled length whether the building was worth so much ornamenta­ of the Honour List during the last fe w years bears tion, and whether its own intrinsic poverty is not ample testimony to the patient and honest teaching the more fu lly brought out by the brilliant painting of the eminent man, who fo r five years devoted with which it is covered. There are still many who himself to Marlborough, Dr. Farrar, now Canon of pine fo r the warmth of the old stained roof and the Westminster ; and the great success which Mr. Bell, bare simplicity of the undecorated walls. the present Head-master, achieved when at Christ's There is something striking in the first view of Hospital, fo rbids us to doubt that the future of the the College court, if fr om nothing else yet from its school will be as bright, if not brighter than its last very size. Ranged along the side on which are the twenty years. gates is a row of fives courts and the racquet court. Let us now say something of the College buildings Right opposite, seen through a vista fo rmed by an and the general appearance which they present. avenue of growing limes, which traverses the quad­ Even the most enthusiastic of Marlburians, it must rangle, is the porch of the Old House, the Old be owned, could hardly speak in terms of strong Manor-house of the Seymours, which fo rms the admir ation .o f the external appearance of his school. opposite side of the court. To the rigl�t is the We pass through the gates and by the Porter's Lodge, chapel, then the Lower School and the spacious H all, till lately occupied by one who might, without ques­ spacious, but supremely ugly, and remarkable only tion, have been called an "Antiquity of Marlborough fo r the fine picture which it contains of Bishop Cotton, College," Richard Voss, better known to old painted by Eddis. To the left are the studies, the '\ \ Q

2 36 Th e Public Schools. . Ma rlborough. 2'3 7 Bradleian, a fine room, the work of Street, used for of red baize or of green baize, or of baizes lectures and other purposes and built, as its name indi­ square, green united (for all these are orthodox cates, as a memorial to Mr. Bradley ; the New House, red and shapes and hues), and seated upon this he bids so called in distinction to the Old, and the Modern defiance to hardness of benches and splinters, which School-room, behind which rises the ugly roof of the else, perchance, might pierce and wound him, where great school, usually known as the " Upper School." he would rather not be wounded. The cushion, too, This room moved the wonder and admiration of certain is useful in another way. It is a most excellent French commissioners, who came over to England missile, which can be hurled with the greatest nicety about ten years ago to learn something from personal and precision, and is therefo re invaluable, where, observation of the boasted English Public School s at Marlborough, college caps are not. But enough system. The head-master of the time being would a of this digression. seem to have had great fun with them, fo r in their Marlborough at the beginning was a school printed report, which appeared some time after, it arranged purely on the "Hostel " sys tem. All the is stated that the raz'so?l d'etre of the great school­ boys ate and slept and lived completely within the room at Marlborough is that the head-master finds college walls. Boarding-houses were things unknown it a useful place pour gronder les gar<)ons. Vivid are there. But though boarding-houses did not exist, the recollections of every Marlburian of many a yet "houses," as they were termed in school phraseo­ "jaw," as the head-master's speeches to the assembled logy, did exist. These so-called houses were real�y school, whether objurgatory or not, are profanely , merely arbitrarily determined divisions of dormitories, called ; but he has other associations with the Upper placed each under the care of a different master, yet School as well, for there in the days of his fag-hood, the occupants of one of these divisions were as when he was yet a fo urth-form boy, did he "brew " closely bound to one another, and felt as much himself on one of the two great fires coffee such rivalry towards the occupants of another division, as as the gods might have loved to quaff, and there though they had lived within separate walls. House in one of the old oak desks, on the lids of which feeling ran high, and house matches at cricket and names have been cut one over another, as thickly fo otball were most stubbornly contested. But the as bodies are said to have been buried one above greatest rivalry of all existed between the occupants another in many churchyards, did he keep his cups of the New House and the Old, or, as they were and and saucers and his other "brewing " materials, his are more usually called, B and C; and woe to the books and-his cushion. "What was this cushion ?" I , wretched new boy who, not yet alive to his duties think I hear some ignoramus ask, and to this enquiry and responsibilities as a member of one of these two I must frame reply. The cushion is the Marlborough mighty houses, absented himself from the fo otball boy's peculium, as necessary to him as his cap, his field, when all the members of the Old House, clad Virgil, yea, his very trowsers. He sit upon a school in jerseys of red, fo ught in deadly fight with all the fo rm with nought between that hard rough surface inmates of the New House, clad in blue. But the and his tender flesh but the all too thin substance days of antagonism betweet B and C (names by the of his trowsers' seat ! Not he. So whenever he goes way derived, so goes the tale, from the letters with into fo rm he takes with him his cushion, round or which the masons marked the different blocks of ,\\Q

2 238 Th e Publzc Schools. .Mar/borough. 39

Library too must not be fo rgotten. Founded building during the erection of the college) are now The munificence of one of the gone by, fo r outside the college walls has sprung thirty years ago by the Mr. Alleyn M'Geachy, up a colony of goodly boarding-houses, and the truest fr iends of Marlborough, contains some 7000 volumes, and the right positions once occupied in school politics by the Old it now which is enjoyed by members of the sixth House and the Np.w seem now to have been taken by to use it, fo rms, is most highly valued. It is a " In " college and "Out." With the opening of thes e and fifth enough, on the ground floor of the boarding-houses, some six years since, the first age of pleasant room the gat"den and the Marlborough passed away, and it can now no longer Old House, looking out on of fine old trees, which be regarded as a pure specimen of the Hostel system. wilderness, a shady grove who pa�e the old It yet remains to notice the school gymnasium, hides from the view of those water fo rmed by diverting fitted up with all the appliances of modern gymnastic terrace-walk the piece of of the Kennet, and known as the bathing­ art, in an old building in a corner of the court, once the streams in summer time, at mid-day between know as the Covered Play-ground. A strange place place. Here, of twelve and one, and at stated periods was that Covered Play-ground, a limbo fu ll of all the hours the water is troubled to things under the sun. The staple article of its on half-holiday afternoons, confessed, are contents was the " play box," that is to say a species its very depths, which, it must be by what is called of box possessed by every boy, and the dijferentza unfortunately not translucent, ects (z', e. the members of of which was that it did not contain clothes. What "school bathing." The pref deign to bathe at these it did contain it is more difficult to state, but in the the Sixth Form), do not To them the bathing-place play box was to be fo und anything from a Liddell hours with the school. and not only the bathing­ and Scott to a pot of jam, from a squirrel to a is accessible all day long, and mound as well. May penny trumpet. All round the barn-like room, place but the wilderness treads the grass walks ranged on shelves and huddled together not then the prefect, when he in confusion ' any but. a pref ectual on the floor, were play boxes of every size, of every of the mound, forbidden to ct the legitimate though shape and colour, and screaming of jackdaws and tread, fe el himself in fa who worshipped squeaking of pet mice and other vermin made the remote successor of the wild Druid, days long since gone by ? place a very pandemonium. Here, too, on wet days, on that sacred ground in this in our minds, can we if any available space was to be fo und, was played With such a thought as a modern instituti on ? the game known to Marlburians as "snob," and look on Marlborough as within the narrow limits of an described in the official language of the school rules There is not space were the narration likely as "imitation cricket," a game whose varieties are article such as this, even to non-Marlburian readers of legion, and the interest of ,which is only heightened to prove interesting of Marlborough institutions and by the employment of the rudest possible bat and The Eagle , to tell society (oldest of School ball imaginable. But now snob and play boxes have customs j of the Debating the Natural History Society been put to flight, and order reigns instead, while Debating Societies) j of History Societies, and yet under the sergeant's careful supervision squads of (father of School Natural itself vulgarly known as the boys are initiated into the mysteries of the balan ce proh z"nja ndunz dtdecus, j the Ma rtbunan (most flourish- and the parallel bars. "Bug and Beetle " ) of ') Q."\

240 Th e PubHc Sclzools. Ma dborough . 241

ing of school magazines) ; of the delights of " browse are most thoroughly delightful, and there is many in bed " on Sunday morning ; or of a "sweat " on a a beautiful spot, where at their edge they break down rainy day ; or of the inexhaustible topics of cricket into the lower country round. None of these is more and fo otball, in both of which noble games the sons beautiful than Martinsell, with its steep slope of little of Marlborough have won no inconsiderable triumphs. less than a thousand fe et into the vale of Pewsey, "\Ve must be bringing this article to an end, though from whose pine-crowned summit may be seen the much yet remains to say, but a word or two may hills of Inkpen and High Clere, on the borders of still be devoted to the mention of the chief points Hampshire, which mark the site of the battle-field of of interest and beauty in the surrounding country. Newbury, and right opposite the round hills of the School-boys are not generally more than half-awake desolate Salisbury plain (why called a plain I never to the beauties of scenery around them, but that could imagine), and, it is said, the tapering pinnacle of Marlborough boy must be dull and fe elingless indeed Salisbury Cathedral itself, more than twenty miles who has never been struck with genuine admiration away. Down the valley of the Kennet, too, is pleasant fo r the glories of Savernake Forest. Beginning country, especially in the luxuriant meadows and within half-a-mile of Marlborough, the fo rest, one hanging woods which surround Ramsbury manor­ of the few specimens now left of fo rest which has house, sister structure to the old manor-house at not been desecrated by the hand of the encloser, Marlborough. stretches away over a rolling tract of upland country In richness in antiquities, fe w districts can surpass to within a fe w miles of Hungerfo rd, twelve miles or this part of Wiltshire. There is the great Wansdyke, more distant. Nowhere in the world are finer losing itself continually, but still to be traced for beeches or more magnificent oaks to be beheld, and many miles of its course. What this Wansdyke was nowhere are the colours of the autumnal fo liage more and by whom it was constructed is still a disputed rich and gorgeous. The constant alternation of close­ point among archaeologists. Some say it is Saxon, grown groves of mighty trees, and quiet dells with and if so its name would seem to mean Woden's less thickly wooded slopes clothed with a luxuriant or Odin's Dyke, the great barrier which marked undergrowth of tall fe rn, and here and there open the line of division between the kingdoms of Mercia glades of luxuriant pasture, from which splendid and Wessex. But some writers attribute to it a views are obtained of the rolling woods around, leave still higher antiquity, consider-ing it to be a British tribes as a nothing to be desired but the presence of water, barrier, erected either by the Belgic the inhabitants which, alas, on that dry chalky soil is not to be protection against the Celts, or by the Romans, fo und. But in spite of this single drawback it is of the South West of Britain against Gloucestershire a region well worth visiting, and one well worthy to who attacked them from the side of mighty earthwork become the haunt of English artists, to whom at and Oxfordshire. Then there is the known as Barbury present it seems unknown. On the other side of on the downs towards Swindon, called the Devil's Marlborough, immediately above the town, begins Castle, and the interesting cromlech Silbury Hill surpassing the expanse of downs which fo rm the centre of Wilt­ Den, and the huge mass� of Marlborough, and raised shire. These, too, with their springy turf, their in bulk even the mou of u. and last of all, most fresh breezes, and their sense of boundless freedom, entirely by human han but VOL. x. R ) J I

;!42 111'ar Ibo ?'o1tglz .

important, is the world-renowned circle of Avebury with its stupendous vall u1JZ, its vast ground-plan, its far extending avenues of approach, and its upright stones larger even than the more fa mous ones of Stone­ henge itself. Of the history of Avebury it would be out of place to speak here . What was its meaning and who its authors has not yet been satisfactorily OUR CHRONICLE. determined. Let us conclude th is article by express­ ing a hope that those Mic1zaelmas Te1"ll1, 1877. who have seen neither Stonehenge nor Avebury will take the first opportunity of "' seeing WE regret to record the death of one of our Senior Fellows, both, and that those who know Stonehenge will lose the Rev. E. Bushby, RD., the oldest resident member of the no time in seeing Avebury. College. Mr. Bushby took his B.A. degree as a Senior Optime in the Mathematical Tripos of 1816, he was elected to a Platt H. W. S. Fellowship in 1818, and in accordance with the statute relating to Mr. Platt's foundation, sanctioned by the Queen in Council, was transferred in l 859 to the list of the ordinary Foundation The [ above is the fir�t of a series of Fellows, and ultimately, a few months before his death, became descriptive articles on the Public Schools of England, which, with the kind assistance one of the Senior Fellows of the College. He was the writer of our contributors, we propose to print in the successive numbers of of a short treatise ' On the Human Mind,' and of an 'Introduc­ the College Magazine. An member of the y College who is willing to prepare tion to the Study of the Holy Scriptures,' the former of which an article of general interest on his own was in use as a text-book in the College till Whately's Logic School is requested to communicate with Mr. Sandys, or any other member of the Editorial Committee.-En.] • was substituted fo r it, while the latter continued to be one of the subj ects of the College Examination down to the May Term of 1864-. He also brought out an edition of 'Butler's Analogy,' and was the writer of a privately printed pamphlet containing an account of the Rev. Fearon Fallows, Fellow of the College and Astronomer Royal at the Cape ; the Rev. Thos. Catton, Senior Fellow and formerly Tutor ; and the Rev. James Wood, Dean of Ely and Master of the College, who died in '1839, leaving Mr. Bushby one of his executors and legatees. In 1874- he re-printed from the Un ited Suvzce Joumal some articles, entitled ' Remarks on Four Celebrated Men '-Napoleon, Nelson, Wellington, and Thiers. His early interest in the political affairs of Europe was retained in his latest years, and undertook 11. visit to the Continent ... in extreme old age he expressly for the purpose of viewing the battle-field of Sedan. His retentive memory and accurate grasp of fa cts, even in his declining years, cannot be better attested than by th� foll ow!ng , . passage in the preface to Mr. Todhunter s blbhographlcal account of the late Master of Trinity : 'To Mr. Bushby, of St. ] ohn's College, a contempor�ry of J:?r. Whewell, I am deeply indebted ; the treasures of InformatIOn �massed during career, and preserved 1U a singularly a long and observant . tenacious memory, have always bee� acces�lbl� to me, and have immediately solved many questIOns whIch It would have after :equired much time and labour, perhaps all spent in vain, 111 order to investigate.' R2 J J

:!42 111'ar Ibo ro1tgh.

important, is the world-renowned circle of Avebury with its stupendous its vallu17Z, vast ground-plan, its far extending avenues of approach, and its upright stones larger even than the more famous ones of Stone­ henge itself. Of the history of Avebury it would be out of place to speak here. What was its meaning and who its authors has not yet been satisfactorily OUR CHRONICLE. determined. Let us conclude this article by express­ ing a hope that those 1877. who have seen neither Stonehenge lI!f1'c1zaelmas Term, nor Avebury will take the first opportunity of seeing both, WE regret to record the death of one of our Senior Fellows, and that those who know Stonehenge will lose the Rev. E. Bushby, B.D., the oldest resident member of the no time in seeing Avebury. College. Mr. Bushby took his B.A. degree as a Senior Optime in the Mathematical Tripos of I 8r6, he was elected to a Platt H. W. S. Fellowship in r8r8, and in accordance with the statute relating to Mr. Platt's foundation, sanctioned by the Queen in Council, was transferred in 1859 to the list of the ordinary Foundation [The above is the first of a series of Fellows, .and ultimately, a few months before his death, became descriptive articles on the Public Schools of England, which, with the kind assistance one of the Senior Fellows of the College. He was the writer of our contributors, we propose to print in the successive numbers of of a short treatise' On the Human Mind, ' and of an 'Introduc­ the College Magazine. Any member of the College who is willing to prepare tion to the Study of the Holy Scriptures, ' the former of which an article of general interest on his own School is requested to communicate was in use as a text-book in the College till Whately's Logic with Mr. Sandys, or any other member of the Editorial Committee.-Eo.] was substituted for it, while the latter continued to be one of the subjects of the College Examination down to the May Term of r864. He also brought out an edition of 'Butler's Analogy,' and was the writer of a privately printed pamphlet containing an account of the Rev. Fearon Fallows, Fellow of the College and Astronomer Royal at the Cape j the Rev. Thos. Catton, Senior Fellow and formerly Tutor j and the Rev. James Wood, Dean of Ely and Master of the College, who died in r839, leaving Mr. Bushby one of his executors and legatees. In r874 he re-printed from the [/nz'ted Suvice Journal some articles, entitled' Remarks on Four Celebrated Men '-Napoleon, Nelson, Wellington, and Thiers. His early interest in the political affairs of Europe was retained in his latest years, and in extreme old age he undertook a visit to the Continent expressly for the purpose of viewing the battle-field of Sedan. His retentive memory and accurate grasp of facts, even in his than by .th following declining years, cannot be better attested , � passage in the preface to Mr. Todhunter s b lbllOgraphical account of the late Master of Trinity: 'To Mr. Bushby, of St. ] ohn' s College, a contemporary of T;lr. Whewell, I am deeply indebted' the treasures of inJormatlOn amassed durincr ' a long a nd observant career, and preserved in a singularly tenacious memory, have always been acces�ibl� to me, and have immediately solved many questlOns which It would have :equired much time and labour, perhaps after all spent in vain, III order to investigate.' R2 ) J

OUt' 2 244 Out' OlwonzCle. OIz1'onzde. 45

been appointed' Father of the College' It is with deep regret that we also record the death of one Rev. Fred. Watson has Stevens. of the most promising members of our Undergraduate body­ in place of the Rev. A. J. the Theological Lecturers, John Snelling Morris, foundation scholar of the College. He The Rev. G. H. Whitaker, one of was educated at the City of London School, and after obtaining of Chancellor of the Cathedral has accepted the honorary office a Minor Scholarship was entered as a pupil of Mr. Sandys in hitherto undertaken by Mr. Church of Truro. The lectures 1874. Throughout his Rev. C. E. Graves. October, course he kept the first place Whitaker have been assigned to the in his College Examinations as the best Mathematician of his of the two Pro­ Mr. W. F. Smith has been appointed one year; at the close of his third year of residence he was awarded Proctors for the present Academical year. one of the two prizes recently founded by Mr. Hughes, and given of the College and Lightfoot to the two Undergraduates of the College who have most dis­ J. D. M. Murray, B.A., Scholar in October, and has left tinguished themselves in their Examinations; and, on the University Scholar, was ordained members of the Cambridge strength of his great reputation as one of the very best of England as one of the first two the private pupils of Mr. Routh, there was every hope of his Mission to Delhi. Oollege : attaining one of the very highest places in the List of Honours The following have been elected Fellows of the 1874; in the approaching Mathematical Tripos. Unhappily, how­ (I) Arthur Milnes Marshall, Senior in Natural Sciences Tripos, William ever, soon after his coming into residence for the present (2) Robert Forsyth Scott, 4th Wrangler, 18iS; (3) Rev. Charles James Fumeaux Term, symptoms Edmund Body, bracketed 6th Wrangler, 1875; (4) William of pulmonary disease presented themselves, i ti guished in Vashon Baker, 4th in 1st Class of Classical Tripos, and highly d s n and in spite of all that could be effected by the best medical H Walrond Examination for the Chancellor' s Medals, 1876; (5) enry the 1876, and skill, and all the alleviations afforded by the devoted attentions Simpkinson, bracketed 4th in the 1st Class of Classical Tlipos, Mc Alister, Senior of his relatives and friends, he died in his rooms on Saturday Members' Prizeman for Latin Essay, 1877; (6) Donald morning, Dec. I st, leaving to his many acquaintances the Wrangler and First Smith's Prizeman, 1877. memory of high intellectural ability, wide attainments, and awarded to H. F. The Naden Divinity Studentship has been varied accomplishments, united with an unaffected modesty the Mc Mahon Law Blackett, B.A., Scholar of the College; and a blameless life. It is proposed to put up a brass tablet to a Fellowship, Studentship, vacated by the election of Mr. Scott to his memory in the College Chapel, and those who wish to H. S. Cunynghame, has been assigned for three years to H. contribute to this object may either send their subscriptions to B.A., 1876, B.A., 1874, Scholar of the College; J. Trustram, Mr. Torry, Mr. Sandys, or H. E. J. Bevan, or leave them at the for four years. has been elected to a Mc Mahon Studentsbip ScholaTs' Buttery. It is thought desirable to limit the amount of each subscription to half-a-crown. More than eighty COLLEGE EXA�INATIONS, JUNE, 1877. contributions have already been received. MATHriMATICS. , Brownbill, Carlisle, Third Year (First Class).-Morris, Pinsent Lattimer, The Rev. H. Russell has resigned the office of Junior Dean, Lewis, Marsh, Mann, Mackie. Second Year (First Class).-Gunston, Long, and has been succeeded by the Rev. A. F. Torry. Mr. Russell Nightingale, Smith. First Year (First Class).-L�rmor, White. T. J. M. Stone, has been appointed Junior Bursar in place of Mr. Webb, who Willis, Gunnery, Aclams and Wrigley equal, Dale, Morton, ' has been made a Mathematical Lecturer, instead of Dr. T. Stone. CLASSICS. Parkinson, who, however, continues to discharge his duties G. Will an, Reynolcls, 77tird Year (Fi1'st Class).-English, C. Allen, as one of the Tutors of the College. Year (First ( ·lass).-F. C. Hill, Boyce, Kingsford, Gaussen. SeCtJ1ld First Year (First Class).-H. G. Smith, Colson, Mr. Sandys has resigned the principal Classical Lectureship Dougan, Coombes, Lee. l , H. l·aylor. Sutcliife, C. C. Harrison and J. S. Sandys equa J. of Jesus College, and Mr. Graves has been appointed one of lecturers of that College. NATURAL SCIENCRS. [Alpl,abdicalorde,..l

The Rev. T. G. Bonney, .- . Seco1td Year (First Class).-F. J Senior Fellow and Lecturer in Year (First Glass) Houghton . Third M. Stuart, \Vrigley. Natural Sciences, has been elected Professor of Geology in Allen, Marr, Slater. First Year (First Class).-C. University College, London. His new duties do not involve MORAL SCIENCILS. more than an occasional absencl:: from Cambridge in Term First Class.-Mummery, Holder. time. THllOLOGY.

- Williams. Second Year (First Class).­ Mr. Alfred M arshall, Lecturer in Moral Sciences, has been 77,ird Year ( Ft'rst Class). T. elected Sparrow. Principal and Professor of Political Economy at the LAW. University COllege, Bristol. on, ( t Third Year (First Class).-Nevill, Hamilt Kemp. First Year Firs l'vIr. Garnett has succeeded 1\1r. Marsh all as Steward; the Class).-\Voods. ) )

246 Ott?' Ckrom'cle. Our Chront'cle. 247 PRIZKMEN. lIforal Ph ilosopJ:y.-Ds F. Ryland. Greek Testament.-I Lisl of Firsl Year, A£z'chaelmas Term, Matnculated 9 Nov., 1877. 2 Fisher. . :r. W lliams; English EssaY.-3rd Year, Dlxon; i accessit 217d Ye�r, J enkins; Proxlme [9I in all, 73 Pensioners and 18 Sizars.] , A. W. Wiseman ; 1St Yea . . r, Colson; Proxlme accesslt, Halgh Readi1tg.-Coombes, Firth and W. . Abraham, W. Fea, W. H. Nicholls, H. A. Wiseman equal. J-Jebrew awarded. Si,' . -None m Ll. O. yolm HerscheL's Prize for Astro1lomy.-Pinsent. AlIen. W. Fle ing, J. A. Noott, ·W. AIston, G. R. sGardner, E. M. O'ReiUy, A. 1. H A SC OL RS. H. s yue, J. H. G. C. Alien, Boyce, r Apperly, J. M. Garland, C. Pa B ownbill, Carlisle, Houghto Lattimer, n, R. H. Marsh, sArmstrong, J. B. Goodwin, G. H. Peacock, E. A. W. Mummery, Pins ent, Reynolds, \Villall, Doug . an, Gunston, F. C. Hill. Askwith, H. Gray, W. E. sPenny, S. T. PROPER SIZARS. Aspiuall, A. R. Green, A. F. Pollock, A. H. T. N h i ig t ngale, T. Smith, Holder, Rigb Atkins, W. Haines, M. F. B. sPotbury, A. y, \Vidgery, Larmor, H. G. Sm J. J. H. White, Woods. ith, Bansall, W. H. Hali, E. M. Price, H. J. WRIGHT'S Barnett, A. T. sHarker, G. 1. F. sPunch, E. G. PRIZEMEN, WITH £100 FOR THE Classics -3rd YEAR. Barrett, ,\V. Hart, S. L. Rainsford, M. Year, English; 2nd Yea , Smith. r F. C. Hill; I Jt Year, H. G. Barrow, C. H. M. Hawkins, A. sRobson, W. G. lIfathemat7."cs·-3,·d Year, Morris; Larmor. 2nd .Year, Gunston; BaIton, W. Hibbs, R. R. Smith, G. C. M. lIforal Sciences.-3rd 1st Year, Year, Mummery. Natural Bayard, C. Hickman, H. sSmith, H. Year, Houghton. Sciences'-3rd R. V. Bevan, J. A. s Hill, J. S. Stewart. W. E. MR. HUGHES' PRIZR . s -English, Morris. Beverley, A. Holcrort, E. Terry, F. EXHIBITIONERS. Boulton, H. P. Hutton, C. F. Townsend, R. G. £30. -Gaussen, Kingsrord, Lewis, M c e Brewer, G. S. runes, A. L. Tute, J. S. T. Williams. a ki , Mann, .Marr, Nevi l, £20.-Coombes, Gunn r i l Brown, A. M. Jallaud, A. E. Vicars, G. R. T. e y, Ham lton, Lee, Long, Nightingale, Smith, Sparrow, H. White, sBurghope, R. H. King, R .. R. Watson, G. "V. J. Willis, Woods. £IO. Allen, G. C. l -Adams, H. a "Vaud, A len, H. R. Bone, Colson, Dougan, J. C lvert, \V. Kingston, G. M. B. E. Pinsent, Slate Stuart, Holder, Latt mer, r, C. M. Sutcliffe, H. Taylor, i Cassels, W. W. sKnowles, A. s\Vetherell, M. J. Willan, Wrigley. MINOR SCHOLARSHIP Clarke, B. S. Leigh, J. F. Whitehead, J. B. ELECTION. Leslie, C. A. Whitehead, H. Minor Scholars p ;) sCoggin, F. E. s J. hi s of £7 .�Garland, c. H. Mauis, N. C. (Shrewsbury School), Coppock, T. sLivett, G. M. Wild, E. J. (Clifton College). Exhibitions s of £40 per annum Lo eday, G. A. Wilkes, W. year .-Harker, G. r. F. (Giggleswick for four Coulthard, E. N. v T. School). School), rnnes, A. L. (Dedham Cra,ig, S. G. Marsden, J. K. vVilkinson, G. G. Exhibition of £50 jor three Taylors' J1ears. -AIston, G. R. (Merchant MaI"fis, N. C. W'inkley, S. T. School). Jl1inorScholarships Crossley, G. of £50.-Nicholls H. School), ,\Villdnson, G. G. , (Surrey County Cullingrord, A. H. Mayor, G. F. sYoung, A. (Rugby School). Exhibitions equal to IIfi"or Sc1z of £50 a year, Davy, F. C. Middleton, C. sYoungman, G. R. olarslllps . - Hill, J. S. (Owens bury School), College, formerly Shrews­ Egerton, F. E. Smitb, G. C. M. (Tonbridge ExizibtfiOJZ School). Natural of£50 for three Science All elected to Sizarships are indi ated in the abo e list by the letter s years. - F eming, J. A. c v l (Private Tuition). COLLEGE ORDERS, being prefixed to their names. NOVEMBER 29, 1877. It has been resolved CHRISTMAS EXAMI�ATION IN MATHEMATICS, 1877. by the Governing Body be periodically that there shall a revision a Class).-Gunston, Lewis T. Smith, Widgery, Nightin­ of the List of Sizars, and Third Ye r (First , of names from a removal the List, in case a Sizar, gale; entitled to a Prize ir in the First Class at Midsummer-Brook-Smith. C , I st. At the I Seeond Year (First lass).-Larmor, J. H. White. Willis Long; entitled end of the st year, have not passed the 1 to a Prize if in the First Class at :M.icl,ummer -vVr g ey, M orton, Gunne!)' and 2nd parts of the st i l Previous Examination; M. Stone. 2nd. At J. the Christmas of e Examination or all who are not Candidates ror tbe his 2nd year, if he have Fi,st Year. - (Coll eg then passed not • in the Additional Previous E x mination) -[AI phabetical order] - Askwith, Atkins, Barnett, Subjects of the a Examination; Previous A. :r.1. Brown, Cassels, Clarke, CI03s!ey, Egerton, Fea, Goodwin, Gray, 3rd. Hall, Hawkins, King, Kingston, Mayor, Middlcton, O'Reilly, Penny, At the end of his 2nd year, if he be not then Townsend, \Vilkes, Watson; entitled to a Prize if in the First Class at one of the first two in classes of the College H ckmall, Pollock, Rainsrord, Tute, \Vinkley. Examination in Midsummer-B"verley, i his special subject, or in the first class of Examination the General Books of the for the Ordinary Degree. Essay Prize Subjects, 1 8n-8.-A Prize of value 4th. The of the three years, being given List of Sizars shall also of Three Guineas for each of be revised at the end the first and second years annually by the Master of the College to the author of the best with reference to their . of habits economy the follow1l1g are the sllbje and their reglllarity of Essay on a given sllbject, cts for attendance at Lectllres; and a Stlldent's name the year :-For candidates of the third year: Eqllality shall no longer be retained present List of Sizars on the and value. or candi if he shall fail to give as a Political I deal, its history F dates of particulars. satisfaction in these the second year: Does Ci�ilisation tend to check Individllality This s of the fust year: T Op m revision shall be condllcted of Character? For candldate he iu by the Master and Tutors. ) )

24B Our Chrome/e. Our OhromCle. 249 Trade of British India. The Exercises are to be delivered to 3rd Boat. st. Ibs. th e Master before 3 P.M. on W. J. Lee .• ..•••••••••••••••• .• 10 Monday, February I I th, 1878, after (bow) 5 which hour no Exercise will be received. % J. F. Johnson •...... • ...... • .. 10 0 3 W. Lloyd ....••. .••...•.•.• •..•....•• . 10 4 W. J. Willau . . . . • ...... • . . . • . . • . .. 10 12 LADY MARGARET O T 4 B A OLUB. % 5 A. C. OdelI...... II e 6 W. Stopford ...... 11 7 Easter T rm.-The following were elected on March 19th to G. W. Haviland ...... ••• .••...... • 8 hold office for the Term: 7 9 J. J. Lister (stroke) ...... 10 6 II President :-Rev. A. W. O. Davys (cox) ....••.••••• •••• 8 A. F. Torry. Secretary :-D. p, Ware. 1st Captain : J. Allen. - 3rd Captain :-Hou. C. A. Parsons. (Freshmm's Scttlls) were rowed for 2nd Captain :-K. The Maples and Andrews F. Nixon. I 4th Captain :-H. L. Young, Treasurer :-A. on Saturday, May 26th. There were three entries, H. Sandford, F. WiIson. 1 5th Captain :-H, Reynolds. H. E. Swabey, and A. H. Prior. Sandford, with first station, Four new Members were elected during the Term. went away and won by twenty yards from Prior, whose failure The Mqy Races were rowed was mainly owing to bad steering; Swabey gave up at Ditton. on May 16th to 22nd. The 1St Boat was a decided success. On the second and fourth nights At a General Meeting held on Wednesday, May 30th, the it· bumped 1st Trinity 1. and 3rd Trinity 1., but on the last following Officers were elected for the October Term: night, through the carelessness :-G. of the Coxswain, who lost one President :-Rev. A. F. Torry. Sec1'etary M. Light. of his rudder-lines in rounding Grassy and thereby took them Ist Captain :-H. L. Young. 3rd Captain :-A. H. Prior. almost aground on 2nd Captain :-H. Reynolds. I 4th Captain :-R. Ll. Williams. the wrong side of the river, they fell a victim to Caius Treasurer:-J. A. G. Hamilton. 1 5th Captain :-H. Sandford. 1., which, though undoubtedly fast for a short distance, were looked upon as not being able to last over the The Long Vacatzon Scratch Fours were rowed in the Long whole course. Reach on August 15th. Four boats came to the post, and after The 2nd and 3rd Boats, on the other hand, did not shew to some very spirited racing the following were hailed as winners: much advantage. The former \ was almost a scratch Crew, as F. C. Hill Jbow). E. M. J. Hamilton (rtroke). Gripper and Rowe were quite untrained and were not put into 2 J. S. Morns. W. Marr (cox). the boat untIl the first day of the races. They went down 3 J. A. G. Hamilton. a place each of the first thr�e nights and rowed over on the October Term. On October 18th, H. Sandford was elected last three. 4th Captain vz'ce R. LI. Williams, who was not in residence, and The 3rd Boat went down three places. W. L. Kingsford 5th Captain vz'ce H. Sandford. The crews were: Forty-six new Members have been elected during the Teqn. 1st Boat. st. Ibs. At a C. U. B. C. Meeting H. L. Young, 1st Captain A. H. Prior ••••••••.• (bow) , •••.• •••• 9 6 .. a Member of the 2 H. Reynolds .....•...... •.. L. M. B. C. , was elected, without opposition, ...... 10 0 Hon. C. 3 A. Parsons ...... 11 O. U. B. C. Committee E. M. 4 4 J. Adamson ...... 13 4 Nov. 1St, 2nd, and 3rd. D. P. Ware .. The [Jnz'versz'1y Fours were rowed on 5 ...... 12 11 . . ... Trinity. 6 J. Alien . .. .••• First Heat-Jesus beat 1st ...... 11 11 Seven crews entered. .... 7 R. P. Stedman ...... ••. Trinity .....• 11 3 Second Heat-L. M. beat Caius. Third heat-3rd J. Phillips ..•• . . . • (s�roke) . . . •• • . •• . . . 12 3 beat Pembroke. Trinity Hall drew a bye. F. R. Kennedy •. ••. .••••• (cox) •..•••• .. I! , 7 2 In the second round we drew Jesus for the First Heat and plucky rowing of our 2nd Boat. st. Ibs. were easily beaten, in spite of the most R. Ll. Williams .. Hall. (bow) ...... 11 2 four. Second Heat-3rd Trinity beat T�inity . . P. D...... Rowe ...... • s 2 10 10 In the Final Heat Jesus had it all theu own way, wmnmg a { H. S:mdford .. . • ...... • ...... •• I I 4 they liked by twenty-four strokes. 3 G. M. Light ...... II 4 4 F. C. Davies ...... The L. M. crew consisted of ...... 11 4 ...... B. Jones .• ...... •.. ...•.... Williams 5 12 3 H. Reynolds (bow). 3 H. A. (steerer). 6 •. H. St. J. Wilding . . • ...... • .• .. E. M. J. Adamson 11 6 2 A. F. Green. (stroke). J. . 7 A. G. Hamilton . . . • ...... ro 9 Sculls were won by H. Sandford H S dfo •. .•.•.•.•..• Wri ht' . a� rd } b' s ..• ro 6 The 'Peal'son and g W. (s oke ) Gnpper ...... • 11 Jones by about thirty yards. Jones 4 from F. C. Davies and B. ,\V. L. Kingsford . •• (cox.) ...... " 9 0 capsized at Ditton. ) )

250 Oztr Cltronz'cle. . Our Cf�1'onzCle. 251

The Colquhoun Sculls were competed for on Nov. 8th, 9th, The Scratch Fours were rowed on Monday, Dec. 3rd. With and loth. Fourteen competitors started, two of whom entered great trouble four boats were got together, and after some fair from the L. M. B. C. CA. H. Prior and H. Sandford). Prior racing the following won: won his heat, and Sandford won by about It secs. from J. G. A. Hawkins. H.Sandford (stroke). Pinder (Caius), which was given on appeal as a dead-head. 2 vV. A. Bond. J. E. Marr (cox.) 3 A. F. Green. In the second round Prior won a hard-contested race by 2 secs. from Pinder get and Sand ford, Sandford being about the same It is a scandal to a large Club like ours that we can only distance behind Pinder. four boats to enter for the Scratch Fours, while on the same T. Barker with W. (1st Trinity) and Prior were left in for the day we see Pembroke, a Club with half our numbers, final heat. The weather never left the issue of the race for twelve entries. It is hoped that in future the Members will a moment in doubt. Barker's advantage in weight, he being shew more zeal in supporting the Club. twelve stone to Prior's eight, told the same, tale that it always At a Geheral Meeting held on Dec. 3rd, the following were does in a high wind. Barker seemed to gain twenty yards at elected to hold office during the Lent Term: the start, before Prior could get any pace on his boat, and President :-Rev. A. F. Torry. I 31'd Captain :-A. H. Prior. gaining steadily throughout he finished about ten yards behind 1st Captain :-A. F. Young. 4th Captain :-H. Sandford. Prior in 9 min. 27 secs. 2nd (''aptain :-H. Reynolds. 5th Captain:-VV. L. Kingsrord. Treasurer;-J. A. G. Hamilton. 6th Captain :-R. Ll.Williams. The Lady Margarel Tnal Eights were 1 rowed on Saturday, Secretary:-G. M. Light. Dec. st. I' I our boats had been got together and were divided into two sets, ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE DEBATING SOCIETY. Senior and Junior. On the whole the boats were much above for Michaelmas Term, 1877: the average, the Seniors especially, and as List of Officers Hannam Vice-President :-H. J. Lewis they had been together much longer than P1-esidmt:-W. R. usual the swing and Oct. 27) .Hon. Treasurer:- F. H. Colson. time was very fair. (resigned " C. N. MUtton, B.A. I HOIl. Secretary:-W. W. D. Firth. Senior Trials: (elected Oct. 27) Station I. 'i'Vi'nniltg Cre·w. st Ibs Station I II. 5t Ibs Elected for Lent Term, 1878: H. N. Sharpe (bow) ••.... 10 5 G. D. Haviland (bow) ••.. 9 9 � T,'easttrer :-C. H. Harper .. W. D. Firth H011. 2 F. E. Swabey ...... President:-W. .. 9 10 . . 2 S. T. Penny ...... 9 6 Llolt. Secretary:-:M:.J. Micbael 3 F. C. Hill...... 10 . Vice-President:-F. H. Colson 6 3 J. vv-atson ...... 10 2 4 W. H. H. Steer . . '" ... r r I . . . . the Society this Term: IQ 4 c. M. Stuart ...... II I List of Members who have joined 5' J. A. G. Hamilton ...... 10 ...... 8 5 J. P. Cort ...... " ..12 4 Q,,�stionist :-R. H. Marsh. 31'd Year:- C. E. Brunton. 2nd Year: 6 A. H. Hightoll .. .. . / . . . 10 4 6 A...... F. Green ...... 12 I J. P. Cort, J. H. George, J. J. Lister, F. De Q. Marsh, A. S. Ried, 7 W. J. Lee ...... •... I 10 5 7 B. Jones ...... •.....12 R. H. Burghope, J. Spencer· T. E. Foster (stroke) 3 F. W. Whaley. 1st Year :-A. R. Aspinall, J. s r • .. .. . IQ 8 J. Lister ( t oke) ....•10 r I Wetherell, J. B. Whitehead. G. A. Loveday (cox) ... .. 8 8 Hill, M. B. W. Clarke (cox) ..•..•.• 6 0 discussed, with the Lister's boat, starting Debates. The following motions were at forty strokes per minute, gained nearly fifty following results : yards in the First-post Reach but were unable to October 20th, r877.-"That this House views with satisfaction the keep their advantage at such a furious stroke. At Grassey they reverses sustained by Russia during the present war." For 5; against 2 ; were quite rowed out, and from that point Foster's boat went present 27. away and evidently won by about 4- October 27th.-No motion was brought forward. secs. The winning boat and was coached by H. November 3rd. -"That in the opinion of this House, art-education Reynolds and the losing by A. H. Prior. Schools art-thought, in comparison with the other studies pursued at our Junior Trials: , present 21. and Universities, are grossly neglt!cted." For 10; against 0; Station I. the great public st Ibs Station II. l/Vi'"",,,/{ C,'ew. st Ibs November IOth.-" That this House, whilst recognizing J. E. MalT (bow) .•.••. •••. that his career has been marked 9 4 A. W. O. ... of Beaconsfield, regrets 2 Davys (bow) . 9 7 services of the Earl M. Rainsford ...... 10 3 2 G. 10; present 17· . . M. Kingston ...... IQ 8 by self-interest." For 3; against 3 T. A. Gurney . . " ...•.... IQ whether politically, socially, 9 3 . . . . That Latin Christianity, H. T. Kenny ...... IQ 5 N01'ember I7tlt.-" 4 J. S. Sandys ...... rourth century to the slXteenth, the .. . ..10 4 4 G G. "\Villcinson...... II 9 or intellectually considered, was, from the 5 A. young ...... 17· . . ... 10.9 5 G. W. . . . agaJllst 10; present . Turner ...... 10 curse of Europe." For 3; . . . 6 G. M. BUI·nett 7 lmpromptu speakl III ...... 10 ... was a meetlllg for llg, 9 6 W. A. Bond ...... 10 2 November 24th.-There 7 H. . J. Lewis ...... a 3, l'resent 14· . . . . 9 II 7 A. Hawkins .. .. . new rule passed November I8n· F. C...... 9 12 accordance with Butler (stroke) .. . . . 9 2 undesirable that women should be admitted . J. B. Wells (stroke) ...... I I 0 December !St.-I< That it is R.V. C. Bayard ... (cox) . 86 . rights." For 3; against I I present 15· F.Terry(cox.) ...... 8 6 to proressions, or to political ; Wells's boat gained steadily all the way and finished witl:!in The Secretary would commend the Society to the notice of three lengths of Butler's. The winning boat was coached by all Members of the Oollege. It is now of long standing. Its G. lVI. Light, the losing by W. L. Kingsford. ) J

252 OU?' Ch?'ouzC/e. .DU?' Clz?'omC/e. 253

aims ' v. Olm'e. -Played on King's are to discuss any subjects except theological ones, and Nov. 12/11., St. john s King's and to accustom lVIembers to public speaking. any advantage being got by Its expenses are Ground. The game ended without slight, consequently the Subscription the best of it throughout. is small, being Three either side although we had slightly v. il1ls.-Played on our Shillings for Life-lVIembership. W. W. D. Frith, H011. Sec. Nov. 13th, SI. john's Old Replom ground and resulted in a draw. on our ground FOOTBALL. Nov. 15th, St. John's v.Jesus (relum).-Played was. RUGBY and drawn as the first match UNION. The following matches have been played z I. john's v. Hall. -Won by goals to by the Rugby Union Olub: N07'. 17th, St. Tn'nity v. ground and Nov. zoth, St. john's Trinity.-Played on our SI. John's v. Chnst's.-Drawn in favour of Christ's by I try to I to nothing. nothing. Our team was a very weak one, though Bevan and lost by goal v. Old Ha ov ans.-The Old Harrovians Wrigley did good service Nov. 2znd, SI. John's tr i for us. by 4 goals to were a much stronger team than we were, and won SI. John's v. Clare. -This game resulted in a draw, both nothing. sides touching down. Bevan, Agnew, Odell, and AlIen played v. in amians (return).-In this well for their College. Nov. 24th, St, John's Old Up p gh brought a much stronger team than SI. John's v. Ca s. I match Old Uppinghamians zu -Won by us by goal and a try against consequently we before, while our team was very weak, and nothing. Bevan and Wrigley played remakably well behind, to find them turn the tables on us and win as also did Scott and AlIen forward. were not surprised 4 goals to I. SI. John's v. Bury St. Edmunds.-Played by a at Bury and resulted v. s. -Resulted in draw in Nov. 27, St fohn's Old Carthusian a victory for the visitors by 2 goals and I try to I goal. Bevan and Odell after a very even game. played well behind. special mention The play all round has been very fair, but SI. John's v. Trimty Hall. -Won by us by 2 goals and I try in of Hallam and Wild, who were most energetic to nothing. Bevan and Wrigley played must be made well behind, while played. Agnew, Scott, all the matches in which they Alien, and Slater did good service forward. . matches for St. The following have played in one or more SI. John's v. Jesus.-Played on Jesus Olose. This game A. F. Torry, H. R. Browne, E. L. Browne, resulted in a draw, the ball John's :-Rev. not passing the goal line the whole Carr, Cassells, A. C. Aspinall, Bowers, Chapman, Carlisle, time. The following represented St. John's: Gunnery, Wrigley Hallam(captain), Howard, Livett, Nicholls, (backs), Payne (t back), Goulding, Davies, Garland, Bevan (t backs), G. C. Alien, Walker, White, ar;d Wild. Carr, Brook-Smith, Roughton, Sandford, Gwillin, Odell (captain), Brooks-Smith, Slater, Vaughan, Agnew, Scott, Willan (forwards). is in of the St. John's College Athletic Sports St. John's v. Pe11lbroke.-Won by Pembroke by I goal (kicked Our account by Finch appear in our next number. who played remarkably well) to nothing. We were type and will deprived of the services of Bevan, Agnew, Alien, and Scott. ASSOCIATION lVIATCHES : of the Editorial G. M. Light has been elected a member Oel. 2St/l, Sf. John's v. Old Salopzil1ls.-Played Editors are lVIr. Sandys, on our ground Committee of The Eagle .. the other and won by 3 goals to I. J. A, G. Hamilton. lVIr. Mr. Foxwell, H. E. J. Bevan, and Oel. 27th, St. J n'! v. " -- gone out of residence, has oh Old Upptnghandans. Won by 5 goals Whitaker, who, we regret to say, has to nothing. resigned the office of Secretary. Oct. 30th, St. John's to appeal to the v. Jesus.-Played on Jesus Close. A The Editors embrace this opportunity very even game throughout, a more vigorous support to the resulting in a draw. members of the College to lend Nov. 1st, St. John's number not a single article v. Pemb1oke.-On our ground. The College lVIagazine. In the present weather was and unless this state of fine and the game a very good one. St. John's by an Undergraduate, is contributed be to had the best of it all through 2 Magazine cannot said and lYon by goals to nothing, things is soon rectified, the Nov. 6th. St. John's / fullest sense of the term, much v. Old Salop cms (ntum}. --.Won by 2 represent the College in the goals to nothing, in a flourishing condition. We less can it be considered to be Nov. 8th, St. ollege, and the Undergraduates John's v. Old Brighlonzcl1ls.-We were much too trust that all members of the C strong for them and best endeavours to aid the won by 6 goals to nothing, in particular, will use their Nov. l olh, SI. by subscribing for it but also by John's v, Old Tfj'khallllSls.-Played on our College Magazine, not only ground and Won by 5 goals to I, contributing to it. Musz'cal Se1'vz'ces. 255

HYMN TUNE 9· Best E. 373 178 Feb. 1 Best E. 299 " 21. 440 . Hatton " 23 E. 197 255 4. Steggall G. " 2 212 441 (s. Matt.) Garrett E flat. (Mag.)

ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE CHAPEL. Then shall the righteous (p. 275). Mendelssohn. MUSICAL SERVICES. " 26. Hopkins (Rec.) 334 69 Lent Term, 1878. " 29. Hopkins (Rec.) 446 24 Jan. 26. Travers F. Mar. 2. Goss E. 441 97 " 3. Sullivan D. 465 136 " 27· Monk A. Jub. Hopkins. 540 Turle D. Stainer E flat. praise the Lord of heaven. Oh, where shall wisdom be found. o Goss. Boyce (p. 108). " 29· Gregorian. " 5. Bridge (Rec.) 490 586 423 3 63 " 7. Bridge (Rec.) 44 631 " 31. Gregorian. '4 342 321 Walmisley C. 553 27 Feb. I. Calkin B flat. " 9. 3 339 182 " 10. Goss A. 103 15 " 2. Colborne D. Hoyte B flat. I will wash my hands (p. 276). Lord, how long will Thou forget Hopkzns. me? Mendelssohn. (p. 268). " 3. Smart F. 331 531 Stainer (chant). 108 39 Smart F. " 12. " 14. Stainer (chant). 429 223 It is a good thing to give thanks. Best 466 12 (P·285)· " 16. D. Brzdge. 109 13 " 5. Trimnell " 17. Best D. 9 D. 501 183 " Trimnell Garrett E Flat (Cantate). 7. D. 359 172 In Thee, 0 Lord (p. 58). " 9. Garrett F. (ll.) 410 230 Weldon. " 10. Garrett F. (ll.) 509 (A.M.) 105 7 Barnby E. " 19. Hopkins (Unison). 4 " 21. Hopkins (U nison). 547 160 God is our hope and strength. 23· Parry D. 107 51 (p 67)· " . Greene. 213 357 " 12. Wesley (Rec.) (ll.) " 24· Hatton C. 407 5 Hatton C. " 14· Wesley (Rec.) (ll.) 439 4 59 Judge me, God (p. 267). " 16. Jackson G. 0 Mendelssohn. " 17· Benedicite, Best. Cooke G. 96 543 " 25. Chipp A. Gounod (Septua.) D. (Annunc.) And the Angel Gabriel And God said. Haydn. (p.216). (p. 276). Monk. 256 Mustcal Se1'vzces.

Hl{YN 26. Wesley (Rec.) (1.) Mar. 419 " 28. Wesley (Rec.) (�.) 545 �x� " 30• Ouseley E flat. 552 " 31. Ouseley E flat. 422 Hopkins B flat (Cantate). Call to remembrance (p. 226). THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Ba ttt"sMII. Apnl 2. Best B flat. 470 " 4· Best B flat. 432 n. " 6. Porter D. 482 HARROW. " 7· Wesley F. Hopkins C. 534 Wesley F. Io! Triumphe! Stet domus Io! Withdraw not thou Thy mercy Fortuna nostrae! Floreat Io ! (p. 256). Attwood. Absentium praesentiun " 13· Hopkins C. 396 Invicta laus Hcrgensium! Io!Io!Io! " 14· Boyce C. Oakeley. 115 110 Walmisley B flat. J30UT ten miles to the north-west of London, He is blessed that cometh(p. 271). m� rising conspicuously above the surroundi�g �- . Mozart. country, stands Harrow-on-the-Hlll, known m 'The Hymn Tunes are generally from the "Hymnary." olden days as Harewe atte Hulle, and in Domesday Book as Herges. As to the derivation of this name Herges, doctors differ, but few will doubt that the meaning of "Church," which many assign to it, is correct, when they look at the grand old Church with its lofty spire, towering upwards from the summit of the hill. The little village that caps the hill-top was not without its share of local celebrity long before John Lyon founded his now famous school, for the ancient manor-house (it has vanished ages ago), was for a long time a favourite residence of the Archbishops of Canterbury. Thomas a Becket resided in it just a few days before his death, keeping great hospitality and receiving many civilities from the Abbot of St. Albans; not so, however, from Robert de Broc, the vicar, and Rigellus de Sackville,'"the usurping Rector of Harrow." These two worthies deeming such con­ viviality unseemly and impious, treated him with great VOL. X. S