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Freedom of Expression in Ukraine – 2003 FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN UKRAINE – 2003 33(74) KHARKIV HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION GROUP KHARKIV «FOLIO» 2004 1 ȻȻɄ 67.9(4ENG) Illustration by O. Gerchuk This project was supported by the Democracy Fund/Media Develop- ment Fund of the U.S.Embassy, Kyiv. The views of the authors do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S.Government The book is prepared and published with assistance the U.S. Embassy in Ukraine and the National Endowment for Democracy Freedom of expression in Ukraine – 2003 / Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group; Illustration by O. Gerchuk. – Kharkiv: Folio, 2004. – 312 p. ISBN 966-03-2652-1. This is a special issue No.74 of the informative-analytic bulletin «Prava ludyny». It contains materials on informational conflicts in Ukraine in 2003. ȻȻɄ 67.9(4ENG) © Compiled by Ye.Zakharov, M.Nedayvoda, 2004 © Illustration by O. Gerchuk, 2004 ISBN 966-03-2652-1 © Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group, 2004 2 SOME GENERAL DATA The Ivano-Frankivsk oblast. Informational sphere of the region: statistical data Igor MUDRYK, Kalush, the newspaper «Vikna»: Ⱥ. 1. The number of the registered mass media According to the data of the representative of the National Council of Ukraine in charge of TV and radio broadcasting in the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast and the data of the directorate in charge of the press and information of the oblast state administration, 279 mass media are registered in the oblast. 2. The number of printed mass media and their runs There are 238 printed mass media in the oblast. On 1 January 2003 the to- tal run of the newspapers was: one-time run – 364 587 copies; yearly run – 20 192 918 copies. The runs of magazines and digests (there are about 40 of them) is not constant. The majority of these editions are published not periodically and with small runs. 3. The number of electronic mass media with the identification of broad- casting diapasons 14 TV companies, 6 FM-radio companies, 7 cable TV companies and 1 cable broadcasting company are registered in the oblast. Radio companies: Radio «Zakhidny polus», Ivano-Frankivsk – 104.3 MHz, broadcasting territory –Ivano-Frankivsk; Radio «Dzvony», Ivano-Frankivsk – 105.8 MHz, broadcasting territory – Ivano-Frankivsk; Radio «Boychuk-studio», Ivano-Frankivsk – 101.3 MHz, broadcasting territory –Ivano-Frankivsk; Radio «Nova khvylia», Sniatin – 101.8 MHz, broadcasting territory – the Sniatin district; Radio «Siayvo», Kolomya – 106.8 MHz, broadcasting territory – the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast; The TV and radio company «Vezha», Ivano-Frankivsk – 107 MHz, broadcasting territory – Ivano-Frankivsk. 3 TV companies of the oblast: The oblast TV company «Galychchina», Ivano-Frankivsk – channel 26 (1 kW), broadcasting territory – the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast; The TV company «3-studio», Ivano-Frankivsk – channel 30 (500 W), broadcasting territory – Ivano-Frankivsk, the Kalus district; The TV company «RȺȱ», Burshtyn – channel 3 (10 W), broadcasting ter- ritory – the Galych district; The TVRC «Kolomya», Kolomya – channel 37 (10 W), broadcasting ter- ritory – the Kolomya district; The TVRC «Sniatin», Sniatin – channel 9 (10 W), broadcasting territory – the Sniatin district; The town TV «ɄɆɌ», Kalush – channel 33 (100 W), broadcasting terri- tory – the Kalush district; The district TVRC «Nezalezhnist», Kalush – channel 33 (100 W), broad- casting territory – the Kalush district; The TVRC «Zakhid», Rogatin – channel 12 (10 W), broadcasting terri- tory – the Rogatin district; People studio «Tysmenitsa», Tysmenitsa – channel 5 (10 W), broadcast- ing territory – the Tysmenitsa district; The TVRC «NɌɄ», Kolomya – channel 23 (100 W), broadcasting terri- tory – the Kolomya district; The TV company «Nadvirna», Nadvirna – channel 3 (10 W), broadcast- ing territory – the Nadvirna district; The TV company «Galychu – 1100», Galych – channel 31 (100 W), broadcasting territory – the Galych district; The district TV company «Kosiv –TV», Kosiv – channel 8 (100 W), broadcasting territory – the Kosiv district; The TVRC «Zakhid», Dolyna – channel 5 (10 W), broadcasting territory – the Dolyna district. Cable TV companies: 1) The TVRC «Discovery», Ivano-Frankivsk; 2) The TVRC «RȺȱ», Burshtyn; 3) The TVRC «Ɍ+», Kalush; 4) The TVRC «NɌɄ», Kolomya; 5) The TVRC «Kvant 2», Kolomya*; 6) The company «Ephir», Ivano-Frankivsk*; 7) The company «Khvylia», Kalush*. *– the companies that got the permission of the local power for the con- struction of cable networks. (According to the information of the newspaper «Vikna», the company «T+» also develops its own cable network). Cable broadcasting («Mitris» system): The TVRC «Karpaty» Ltd., Ivano-Frankivsk. 4 4. The number of Internet-editions The official structures did not give us these data. The number of mass media mentioned in items 1-4, which are actually present at the market: Only 80 out of 198 registered newspapers, 9 out of 40 registered maga- zines and digests, as well as all cable, electronic and wire radio and TV com- panies, are actually present at the market. B. 1. The number of mass media owned by the state 2. The number of mass media of the communal form of property 23 printed mass media. 9 companies of wire radio broadcasting. 7 TV companies. 1 radio company. 3. The number of privately owned mass media 2 companies of wire radio broadcasting. 3 TV companies. 5 radio companies. 8 companies of cable TV and cable broadcasting TV. 4. The number of mass media of the combined form of property 2 companies of wire radio broadcasting. 4 TV companies. There are no separate statistics on printed mass media. It is known only that 23 editions are communal, there are no state-owned editions, so the rest 215 editions are privately owned or are of the combined form of property. C, D. National TV and radio organizations in the region 1) National TV company of Ukraine, TVRC «Era». 2) UT-2, TVRC «Studio «1+1». 3) TVRC «Inter». 4) TVRC «ȱɋɌV». 5) TVRC «STB». 6) TVRC «Novy kanal». 7) TVRC «NBM». 8) TVRC «ɌȿɌ». 9) National TVRC of Ukraine. 10) Radio «Niko-FɆ». Other TV and radio companies of Ukraine have no licenses of the Na- tional Council for using the broadcasting channels in the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast. E. The language of the mass media from item A 1) 236 newspapers, magazines and digests out of 238 were registered as Ukrainian-language editions, and 2 – as Russian-language. 2) All electronic mass media registered in the oblast broadcast their pro- grams only in Ukrainian. 5 3) The official sources have no information about the Internet-editions. F. The data on the population of the region According to the data of the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast statistics directorate, on 1 January 2002 the population of the oblast was 1,406,129. The population census of 2001 showed that the oblast is inhabited by the representatives of the following nationalities: 97,52% – Ukrainians; 1,77% – Russians; 0,1% – Byelorussians; 0,03% – Jews; 0,04% – Moldavians; 0,13% – Poles; 0,41% – other nationalities. 98.9% of the oblast population speak Ukrainian in their everyday life, 0.7% – Russian, 0.4% – other languages. «Freedom of Expression in Ukraine», 15-30 April, 2003 Monitoring of local mass media in 5 towns of the Prykarpatskiy region The monitoring of local mass media, which that was carried out in 5 towns of the Prykarpatskiy region, showed that there were no independent mass media in four of these towns (except Burshtyn). For instance, the news- paper «Ratusha» (Bolekhiv) was founded by the town council, and the editor and journalists of this edition are officially employed by this power organ. Administration of the mass media, which were visited by the representa- tives of the newspaper «Vikna», did not regard the privatization of communal and state mass media as panacea, and openly protested against it. Journalists do not conflict with the administration of mass media, since they are absolutely law-abiding, as well as the editions themselves. Almost all provincial mass media have the same problems: pay arrears (since February), inadequate tech- nical base, low salaries and, sometimes, the unbearable work conditions. In particular, the Galytsky district radio company, which is situated in one build- ing with the shop «Seed», works without the license since March 2003 and without the accountant, who left the company in December 2002. However, the journalists dare to protest only in private talks. Local printed editions religiously obey «temniks» – the recommendations spread by the Directorate in charge of the press and information. After the ap- pointment of a new editor of the newspaper «Golos opislia» (Rogatin), all heads of the departments were dismissed because of bad financing. Among them journalist Miron Melnik was dismissed, who now has legal proceedings with the administration of the newspaper. He believes that the dismissal violated his journalist’s rights, that is was caused by his disobedience and publication of critical materials that displeased the new editor. 6 Salaries in local mass media faintly exceed the minimum wage. The situation in Burshtyn is much more optimistic. A private TV company exists there, which successfully competes with town mass media. The existence of the TV company «RAI» proves that private mass media can exist even in small provincial towns. The TV company has modern office, digital equipment and decent salaries. Oksana Guzinets-Mudrik, the newspaper «Vikna», Kalush, the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast, July 2003 71% of the Ukrainian citizens reckon that political censorship exists at TV and in the press These data were presented by the Ukrainian democratic group, which, on 26 June-7 July, conducted the all-Ukrainian poll by the request of the Institute of politics. 100 respondents were questioned in all regions of Ukraine. The re- spondents believe that some events are elucidated and commented in details, and others are either hushed up or elucidated from the negative point of view. Only 11% did not agree with that.
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