Abs. I Sfcb
D E C E R PTA
E X
T. OVIDII NASONIS
METAMORPHOSEON
L I B R I S.
Juxta E d i t i o n e s probatiffimas.
C U M
J O A N N IS CLARKE,
Scholx Hullenfis quondam Moderatoris,
VERSION E ANGLICA;
E T N O T I S fere integris Cl. Virorum Thom;e Ruddi- manni, &Gulielmi Willymotti: quibus 8e ali* partim Mythologies', partim Geographies, adjetfse funt.
In USUM SCHOLARUM.
EDINBURG I, Impends G. Crawford, G. Gordon, J. Brown, & C. Wright, bibliopolas in area parliamentaria; apud quo? venaks proftant, M DCC JLY. C B
^A/-74? MY !9 76y-
+ U DS C 3 ]
DECERPTA
E X
GVIDII METAMORPHOSEON Libns-
LIBER. I. iN nova fert animus mutatas dicere forrtia§ Corpora. Di, caspth (nam vo§ mutaftis & HUl) Adfpiratc meis: primaqne ab origlne mundt Ad mea perpetuum deducke tempora carmen. Chaos, 6 Mundi Croatia. Fab, I. ANte mare & tellus, &, quod tegit omnia, coeliim, J Unus erat toto naturas vultus in orbe, Quem dixere Chaos; rudis indigeftaquc moles : Nec quicquam, nifi pondus iners ; cohgeftaquc eoder4 Mon bene junflarum difeordia femina rerum, Nullus adhuc mundo prsebebat lumina Titan ; Mec nova crefcendo reparabat cornua Phcebe; Mec circumfufo pendebat in aere tellus Ponderibus librata fuis: nec brachia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite. Quaque fuit tellus, illic & pontus & a'eVs 15 Sic erat infiabilis tcllus, innabilis unda, Lucis egens aer. null! fua forma manebat. Obfiabatque aliis aliud : quia corpore in uno Frigida pugnabant calidis, humentia ficcis, Mollia cum duris, fine pondere habentia pondus. 20 Hanc Deus & melior litem Natura diremit. Mam coelo terras, & terris abfeidit undas : Et iiquidum fpiflb fecrevit ab acre ccelum. Quce pofiquam evolvit, cascoque exemit acervo, Difiociata locis concordi pace ligavit. Ignea convex! vis & fine pondere cceli Emicuit, fummaque locum fibi legit in arce. Proximus elt aer illi levitate, locoque ; A 2- Penfior1 4 METAMORPH. Denfior his tellus : elementaque grandia traxit ; .Et preffa eft gravitate fui. Circumfluus humor 3c Ultima poftedit, felidumque coercuit orbem.
Hcminis Creatio. Fab. II. Sic ubi difpofitam, quifquis fuit ille Deorum, Congeriem fecuit, feftamque in membra redegit; Principio terram, ne non tequalis ab omni Parte foret, magni fpeciem glomeravit in orbis. 35 Turn freta diffundi rapidifque tumefcere ventis Juflit, & ambitce circundare littora terrae. .Addidit & fontes, immenfaque ftagna, lacufque -; Eluminaque obliquis cinxit declivia ripis : Qute diverfa locis partim forbentur ab ipfa ; 4© In mare perveniunt partim, campoque recepta Eiberioris aqute, pro ripis littora pulfant. Juftit & extendi campos, fubfidere valles, Fronde tegi filvas, lapidofos furgere monies. Utque duse dextra ccelum, totidemque llniftra 45 Parte fecant Zonas, quinta eft ardentior illis : Sic onus inclufum numero diftinxit eodem Cura Dei : totidemque plagas tellure premuntur. Quarum quse media eft, non eft habitabilis aeftu : Eftxtegit alta duas : totidem inter utramque locavit; 5® Temperiemque dedit, miftacum frigore flamma. Imminet his aer, qui, quanto eft pondere terrse Pondus aquae levins, tanto eft oneroftor igni. Jllic & nebulas, illic confiftere nubes JufTit, & humanas motura tonitrua mentes, 55 Et cum fulminibus facientes frigora ventos. His quoque non pailim mundi fabricator habendum Aera permifit. vix nunc obliftitur illis, Cum fua quifque regant diverlo flamina traiftu, Quin lament mundum ; Tanta ejl difcordia fratrum : 60 Eurus ad Auroram, Nabathseaque regna receflit, Perftdaque, & radiis juga fubdita matutinis. Vefper, & occjduo quae littora Sole tepefcunt, Proxima funt Zephyro: Scythiam, Septemque trionem ETorrifer invafit Boreas : contraria tellus 65 Nubibus afliduis, pluvioque madefcit ab Auftro. Haec fuper impofuit liquidum & gravitate carentem .Ethera, l is: i; Fab', si." Sthera, nec quicquam terrenas fecis habentfhi, Vix ea limitibus dilFepferat omnia certis; > Cum, qux prefTa diu maffa latuere fub ilia,- 7d Sidfira coeperunt toto efferv’fefcere coelo. Neu regioforet utla fuis animantibus orba ; Aftra tenent coeldte folum, formxque Deorunr .' Ccil’erunt nitidis habitandx pifcibus undx: Terra feras cepit: volucres agitabilis aer. 75- Sanftius his animal^ mentifque capacius altx Deerat adhuc, & quod dominari in cxtera pofTet, ■Natus homo eft. live hunc divino femine fecit Ille opifex reruin, mundi melioris origo': Sive recens tellus, fedudaque nuper ab alto Tthere, cognati retinebat ferhina cceli : Quam fatus lapeto, miftam fiuvialibu's undis, Vinxit in effigiem moderantum cundla Deorurh.’ Pronaque cum fpedtSnt animalia cxtera terram ; Os homini fublime dedit: cselumque tueri Jullit, & ereftos ad fidera tollere vultus. Sic, modd qux fuerat rudis & fine imagine, tellns Itsduit ignotas hominum converfa figuras. Quatuor Mundi /Etatsf. Fab. Ill, A Urea prima fata eft xtas, qux, vindice nulio, Sponte fua fine lege fidem reflumque colebat. 90 Poena metufque aberant. nec verba minacia fixo Aire legebantur: nec fupplex turba fimebarit Judicisora fui; fed erant fine vindice tuti. Nondum cxfa fuis, peregriilum ut viferet orberd, Montibus, in liquidas pinus defcenderat undas • 95 ■Nullaque mortales, prxter fua litfora, norant. Kondum prxcipitcs cingebant oppida folfx ; Non tuba direfti, non xris cornua flexi, Non galex, non enfis, erant. fine militis ufa Mollia fectirx peragebant otia gehtes, ico Ipfa quoque immunis raftroque intadla, nec ullia Saucia vomeribus, per fe dabat omnia tellus ; Contentique cibis nulio cogente creatis, Arbuteos foetus, mrontanaque fraga'legebant, ' ’ Cornaque, & in duris hxrentia mora rubetis, ' ‘ 109 St-qux deciderant patula Jovis arbore glandes. A 3 - VeV 6 M E T A M 0 R P H. Ver erat scternum, phcidique tepentibus aurls Mulcebant Zephyri natos fine femine flores. Moxetiam fruges tellus inarata ferebat: Necrcnovatus ager gravidis canebat ariftis. no Flnmina jam laftis, jam flumina neftatis ibant: I’lavaque de viridi fiillabant ilice mella. Quatuor anni Tempera. Fab: IV. POfiquam, Saturno tenebrofa in Tartara miflb, Sub Jove mundus erat; fubiit argentea proles, /juro deterior, fulvo pretiofior aere. 115 Jupiter antiqui contraxit tempora veris: Perque hyemes, aeftufque, & inaequales autumnos, J.t breve ver, fpatiis cxegit quatuor annum. Turn primum ficcis aer fervoribus uflus Canduit: & vends glacies adfir'nfta pependit. 12* . Turn primum fubiere domes, domus antra fuerunt, Et denfi fruticcs, Sc vintfse cortice virgte. Semina turn primiim longis Cereaiia fuicis Obruta funt, prefiique jugo gemuere juvenci. Tertia poll illas iucceffit aenea proles, 12 J Stevior ingeniis, Sc ad horrida promptior arma ; F!ec fcelerata tamen. De duro eft ultima ferro. Protinus irrumpit venae pejoris in asvum Omne nefas : fugl're pudor, verumque, fidefque : In quorum fubiere locum, fraudefque, dolique, 130 Infidiacque, Sc vis, Sc amor fceleratus habendi. Vela dabat ventis, nec adhuc bene noverat illos, Navita : quaeque diu fteterant in montibus altis, Fludtibus ignotis infultavere carinae. Communemque prius, ceu lumina Solis Sc auras, 135 Cautus humum Jongo fignavit limite menfor. >?ec tantiim fegetes alimentaque debita dives Pofcebatur humus ; fed itum eft in vifeera terra : Quafque recondiderat, Stygiifque admoverat umbris, J'ffodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum. 14° Jamque nocens ferrum, ferroque nocentius aurum Prodierat : prodit beilum, quod pugnat utroque j Sanguineaque manu crepitantia concutit arma. Vivitur ex rapto. non hofpes ab hofpite tutus, >Jon foccr agenerQ ; frutrum quoque gratia rara eft. 145 Jniminet . LIB. I. Fab. VI. 7 Inmiinet cxitio vir conjugis, illamariti: Lurida terribiles mifcent aconita noverc® : Filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos. Viftajacet pietas: & Virgo casde madentes Ultima caeleftum terras Aftrsa reliquit. 150 Gigantomach'ia. Fab. V. NEve foret terris fecurior arduus aether ; AfFedlaffe ferunt regnum cxlefte Gigantas: Altaque congeftos ftruxifle ad fidera montes. Turn pater omnipotens miflb perfregir Olympum Fulmine, & excuflit fubjeiElo Pelio OlTam. Obruta mole fuS cum corpora dira jacerent; Perfufam muito natorum fanguine terram Imniaduiffe ferunt ; caiidumque animafle cruorem : Et, ne nulla fer® ftirpis monumenta manerent, In faciem vertilTe hominum. fed & ilia propago 160 Contemptrix Superum, f®v®que avidiiTima c®dis, Et violenta fuit. . Scires e fanguine natos. Lycaon in Ltipum. Fab. VI.- QIX® pater ut fumma vidit Saturnius arce, - Ingemit: Sc, fadio nondum vulgata recent!, Fceda Lycaoni® referens convivia menf®, 165 Ingentes animo Sc dignas Jove concipit iras : Conciliumque vocat. tenuit mora nulla vocatos. Eft via fublimis, coelo manifefta fereno: Ladtea nomen habet ; candore notabilis ipfo. Hac iter eft Superis ad magni tedta Tonantis, 170 Regalemque domum. Dextra l®vaque Deorum Atria nobilium valvis celebrantur apertis. Plebs habitant diverfa locis. a fronte potentes Ccelicol®, clarique fuos poftrere penates. Hie locus eft ; quern, ft verbis audacia detur, 17* Haud timeam magni dixifle Palatia coeli. Ergo ubi marmoreo Superi federe recelTu ; Celfior ipfe loco, feeptroque innixus eburno, Tcrrificam capitis concuffit terque quaterque C®fariem; cum qua terram, mare, fidera, movit. 180 Talibus inde modis ora indignaatia folvit.- Kan ego pro mundi regno magis anjiius ilia Tempeftate s M E T A M O R T il Tempeftate fui, qua centum quifque parabant Injicere anguipedum captivo brachia ccelo. Nam,quanquam ferus hoftis erat, tamen illud abuno 185 Corpore, & ex una pendebat origin? bellum. Nunc mihi, qua totum Nereus circumtonat orbem, Perdendum mortale genus. Per flumina juro Infera, fub terras Stygio laberitia luco, CunBa prius tent at a; fed immedicahile vulnus 190' Enfe reddendum ; ne pars Jineera trahatur. Sunt mihi Semidei, funt ruftica numina Nympbae, Faunique, Satyrique, & monticolas Sylvani : Quos quoniam coeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus, certe terras habitare finamus. 195 An fatis, 6 Superi, tutos fore creditis illos, Cum mihi, qui fulmen, qui vos habeoque, regoque, Struxerit infidias notus feritate Lycaon ? Confremuere omnes : fiudiifque ardentibus aufum Talia depofcunt. Sic, cum manus impia fasvit 200- Sanguine Ctefareo Romanum extinguere nomen, Attonitum tanto fubitte terrofe ruins Humanum genus'eft 5 totufque perhorruit orbis. Nec tibi grata minus-pietas, Augufte, tuorum, Quam fuit ilia Jovi. qui poltquam voce manuque 205' Murmura compredit; tenuere filentia cundi. Subftitit ut clamor preflus gravitate regentis; Jupiter hoc iterum fermone filentia rumpit: Ille quidem poenas (curam dimittite) foivit; Quod tamen admiflum, quae fit vindifta, docebo. 210* Contigerat noftras infamia temporis aures : Quam cupiens falfam, fummo delabor Olympo, Et Deus humana lufiro fub imagine terras. Longa mora eft, quantum noxae fit ubique repertum, Enumerate : minor fuit ipfa infamia vero. 215 Msenala tranfieram latebris horrendaferarum, Et 'cum Cylleno gelid! pineta Lycsei. Arcados hinc fedes & inhofpita tetfa tyranni Ingredior, traherent cum fera crepufcula nodlem. Signa dedi venifte Deum ; vulgufque precari 220' Coeperat. irridetprimd pia vota Lycaon. Mox ait, Experiar, Deus hie, difcrimine aperto, An fit mortalis ; nec erit duhitabik verum. Noa* L I B. I. Fab. VII. 9 Nofte graveni fomno nec opina perdere morte Me parat. base illi placet experientia veri. 225 Nec contentus eo, miffi de gente Moloffa Obfidis unius jugulum mucrone refolvit: Atque ita femineces partim ferventibus artus Mollit aquis, partim fubjedq torruit igni. Quos fimul impofuit menlis ; ego vindice flamma 230 In domino dignos everti tedla Penates. Territus iile fugit ; nadlufque filentia ruris Exululat, fruftraque loqui conatur : ab ipfo Colligit os rabiem, folitasque cupidine casdis Vertitur in pecudes: & nunc quoquefanguinegaudet. 235 In villos abeunt velles, in crura lacerti. Fit lupus, & veteris fervat vefligia formse. Canities eadem eft, eadem violentia vultu : Idem oculi lucent: eadem feritatis imago. Diluvium, & Refaralio Human] Generis jaciu Lapidum. Fab. VII. OCcidit una domus : fed non domus una perire 240 Digna fuit. qua terra patet, fera regnat Erinnys. In facinus jurafte putes: dent ocius omnes Quas meruere pati (lie ftat fententia) poenas. Di
Mercurius mifiuf ad Argum inlerficiendum. Fab. XT. NEc Superum re&or mala tanta Phoronidos ultra Ferre potetl: natumque vocat, quern lucida partu PleVas enixa eft ; lefoque det, imperat, Argum. 670 Parva mora eft, alas pedibus, virgamque potent! Somniferam fumfifte manu, tegimenque capillis. Hasc ubi difpofuit, patria Jove natus ab arce Defilit in terras, illic tegimenque removit, Et pofuit pennas : tantummodo virga retenta eft. 675 Hac agit, ut paftor, per devia rura capellas, Dum venit, abduftas ; & ftrucflis cantat avenis. Voce novae captus cuftos Junonius artis, Quifquis es, hoc poteras mecum confidere faxo, Argus ait: neque enim pecort fcecundior ullo 680 Herba loco eft ; aptamque vides paftoribus umbram. ^ Scdit Atlantiades, & euntem multa loquendo Detinuit fermone diem ; jundtifque canendo Vincere arundinibus fervantia lumina ten tat. jlletamen pugnat molles evincere fomnos : 685 Et, quamvis fopor eft oculorum parte receptus; Parte tamen vigilat. quaerit quoque, namque rcperta Fiftula nuper erat, .qua fit ratione reperta. Syrinx in Fijlnlam. Fab. XII. TUmDeus, Arcadias gelidis in montibus, inquit, Inter. Hamadryadas celeberrima Nonacrinas 690 FlaYas una fuit. Nymphas Syringa vocabant. Kon femel Sc Satyros eiuferat ilia fequentes, Et quofcunque Deos umbrofave filva, feraxve Rus habet. Ortygiam ftudiis ipsaque colebat Virginitate Deam. ritu quoque cindla Dianae 695 Falleret: Sc credi poflet Latonia, fi non Corneus huic arcus, fi non foret aureus illi. Sic quoque fallebat. redeuntem colle Lycaeo Pan videt, pinuque caput praecindlus acuta, Talia verba refert. Rejiabat verba referre : 700 Et precibus fpretis fugille per avia Nympham ; Donee arenofi placidum Ladonis ad amnem Venerit. hie i!li curfum impedientibus undis, Ut fe mutarent, liquidas orafle forores : Panaqu«3 LIB. I. Fab. XIV. 21 panaque, cum prenfam fibi jam Syringa putaret, 705 Corpore pro Nymphas calamos tcnuifTe paluflres : Dumque ibi fufpirat, motos in arundine ventos EffeciiTc fonum tenuem, fimilemque querenti Arte nova vocifque Deum dulcedine captum, Hoc mihi concilium tecum, dixifle, manebit: yie* Atque ita difparibus calamis compagine cera: Inter fe jundlis nomcn tenuiffe puellae. Argi oculi in caudam pavonis. Fab. XIII. TAlia didturus vidit Cyllenius omnes SuccubuilFe oculos, adopertaque lumina fomno. Supprimit extemplo vocem : firmatque foporem, 715 Languida permulcens medicata lumina virga. Nec mora : falcato nutantem vulnerat enfe, Qua collo confine caput 1 faxoque cruentum Dejicit ; & maculat prasruptam fanguine cautem. Arge, jaces : quodque in tot luminaTumen habebas, 720 Extindlum eft; centumque oculos nox occupat una. Excipit hos. volucrifque fute Saturnia pennis Collocat; & gemmis caudam ftcllantibus implet. lo fibi reddita. Fab. XIV. PRotinus exarfit, nec tempora diftulit irae; Horriferamque oculis animoque objecit Erinnyn 725 Pellicis Argolicas, ftimulofque in peftora cascos Condidit, & profugam per totum tcrruit orbem. Ultimus immenfo reftabas, Nile, labori. Quem fimul ac tetigit, pofitifque in margins ripas Procubuit genibus, refupmoque ardua collo, 730 Quos potuit, folos toliens ad fidera vultus, Et gemitu, & lacrimis, & ludtifono mugitu Cum Jove vila queri eft, finemque orare malorum. Conjugis ille fuse complexus colla lacertis, Finiat ut poenas tandem, rogat: Inque futurum 735 Pone metus, inquit, nunquam tibi cauftTa doloris Hasc erit: & Stygias jubet hoc audire paludes. Ut lenita Dead!, vultus capit ilia priores : Fitque quod antefuit. fugiunt e corpore fetae : Cornua decrefcunt: fit luminis arfHor orbis. 740 Contrahitur ridus: rcdeunt humerique manufque : Ungulaque METAMORPH. Ungulaque in quinos dilapfa abfiiniitur ungues. De bore nil fupereft, forms nifi candor, in ilia: Officioque pedum Nymphe contenta duorum Erigitur. metuitque loqui, ne more juvencs 745 Mugiat: & timide verba intermilTa retentat. Nunc Dea linigera colitnr celeberfima turba.
Jurgium Epaphi cum Phiiithonte. Fab. XV. HUic Epaphus magni genitus de femine tandem Creditur effe Jovis : perque urbes junfta parent! Templa tenet. Fuit huic animis squalis & annis 750 Sole fatus Phaethon : quern quondam magna loquentem, Nec fibi ccdentem, Phoeboque parente fuperbum, Non tulit Inachides : Matrique, ait, omnia dtmens Credis ; & es tumidus genitoris imagine falfi. Erubuit Phaethon, iramque pudore repreflit: 755 ' Et tulit ad Clymenen Epaphi convicia matrem. Quoque magis doleas, genetrix, ait ; Me ego liber, Me ferox tacui. pudet hsc opprobria nobis Et dici potuifle, & non potuiffe refelli. At tu, fi rnodo fum coelefti ftirpe creatus, 760 Ede notam tanti generis : meque aflere coelo. Dixit: & implicuit materno brachia collo : Perque fuum, Meropifque caput, tsdafque fororum, Traderet, oravit, vcrl libi figna parentis. Ambiguum, Clymene precibus Phaet' ontis, an ira 765 Mota magis didi fibi criminis : utraque coelo Brachia porrexit : fpedlanfque ad lumina Solis, Per jubar hoc, inquit, radiis inligne corufcis, Nate, tibi juro, quod nos auditque videtque ; Hoc te, quern fpedtas, hoc te, qui temperat orbem, 770 Sole fatum. fi fi M E T A- L I B. II. Fab. I. 23 MET A MORPH. LIB. II. Pha'etkon. Fab. I. REgia Solis erat fublimibus aha columnis, Clara micanteauro, flammalq; imitante pyropo: Cujus ebur nitidum faftigia fumma tegebat: Argenti bifores radiabant lumine valvas. Materiara fuperabat opus, nan Mulciber illic Alquora caelarat medtas cingen tia terras, Terrarunique orbem, coelumque, quod imminet orbi. Casruleos habet unda Deos; Tritonacanorum, Proteaque ambiguum, balasnarunique prementem jEgaeona fuis immania terga lacertis ; io Doridaque, & natas: quarum pars nare videntur, Pars in mole fedens virides ficcare capillos ; Pifce vehi quasdam. facies non omnibus unaj Nec diverfa lament qualem decet effe fororum. Terra viros, urbefque gerit, filvafque, ferafque, 15 Fluminaque, & Nymphas, & cetera numina ruris. Haec fuper impofita eft cceli fulgentis imago; Signaque fex foribus dextris, totidemque finiftris. Quo fimul acclivo Clymenei'a limite proles Venit, & intravit dubitati tefta parentis ; 20 Protinus ad patrios £ua fert veftigia vultus : Confiftitque procul. neque enim propiora ferebat Lumina. Purpurea velatus vefte fedebat In folio Phoebus Claris lucente linaragdis- A dextra laevaque Dies, & Menfis, & Annus, 2J Seculaque, & pofitae fpatiis aequalibus Horae: Verque novum ftabat cindlum florente corona: Stabat nuda A£ftas, & fpicea ferta gerebat: Stabat & Autumnus calcatis fordidus uvis : Et glacialis Hyems canos hirfuta capillos. 30 Inde loco medius, rerum novitate paventem Sol oculis juvenem quibus adfpicit omnia, vidit. Quaeque vise tibi caufta ? quid hac, ait, arce peti li. Progenies, Phaethon, baud inlicianda parenti l lilc refert, 0 lux immenfi publica mundi, 35 Phoebe 24 M E T A M O R P H. Phoebe pater, fi das hujas mihi nominis ufum, Hec falsa Clymene culpam fub imagine celat : Pignora da, genitor, per qua; tua vera propago Credar ; & hunc animis errorem detrahe noftris. Dixerat. At genitor circum caput omne micantes 40 Depofuit radios ; propiufque accedere juflit: Amplexuque dato, Nec tu meus elTe negari Dignus es ; & Clymene veros, ait, edidit ortus. Quoque minus dubites ; quodvis pete munus: lit illud, Me tribuente, feras. promiffis tellis adefto 45 Dis juranda palus, oculis incognita nollris. Vix bene defierat: currus rogat ille paternos, Inque diem alipedum jus & moderaraen equorum. Pcenituit juraffe patrem. qui terque quaterque Concutiens illuftre caput, Temeraria, dixit, yo Vox mea fadla tua eft. utinam promifla liceret Non dare ! confiteor, folum hoc tibi, nate, negarem. Diftuadere licet, non eft tua tuta voluntas. Magna petis, Phaethon 5 & qua; ncc viribus iftis Munera conveniant, nec tam puerilibus annis. 55 Sors tua mortalis : non eft mortale quod optas. Plus ctiam, quam quod Superis contingere fas fit, Nefcius affetftas, placeat fibi quifque licebit ; Non tamen ignifero quifquam confiftere in axe Me valet excepto. vafti quoque reiftor Olympi, 60 Qui fera terribili jaculatur fulmina dextra, Non agat hos currus. & quid Jove majus habemus ? Ardua prima via eft ; & qud vix mane recentes Enitantur equi: medio eft altiffima ccelo ; Unde mare Sc teras ipfi mihi fsepe videre 6y Fit timor, & pavida trepidat formidine pe METAMORPH. LIB. III. Homines e dentibus ferpentinis orti. Fab. I. JAmque Dens pofita fallacis imagine tauri, Se confeifos erat; Didteaque rura tenebat. Gum pater ignarus Cadmo perquirere raptam Imperat: & poenam, fi non invenerit, addit Exfilium, fadto pius & fceleratus eodem. 5 Orbe pererrato (quis enim deprendere poflit Furta Jovis ?) profugus patriamque iramquc parentis Vitat Agenorides ; Phoebique oracula fupplex Confulit: &•, quje fit telius habitanda, requirit. Bos tibi, Phmbus ait, foils occnrret in arvis, 10 Nullum paffajugum, curvique immunis aratri. Hac duce carpe vias : &, qua requieverit herba, Moenia fac condas: Boeotiaque ilia vocato. Vix bene Caltalio Cadmus defcenderat antro : Incuftoditam lente videt ire juvencam, Ij Nullum fervitii fignum cervice gerentem. Subfequitur, prelfoque legit veftigia greflu ; Audloremque viae Phcebum taciturnus adorat. Jam vada CephiG, Panopefque evaferat arva: Bos ftetit; &, tollens fpatiofam cornibus altis 20 Ad ccelum frontem, mugitibus impulit auras. Atque ita, refpiciens comites fua terga fequentes, Procubuit, teneraque latus fubmifit in herba. Cadmus agit grates : peregrinaeque ofcula terras Figit: & ignotos monies agrofque falutat. 2J Sacra Jovi fadturus erat: jubet ire miniftros, Et petere e vivis libandas fontibus undas. Silva vetus ftabat, nulla violata fecuri ; Eft fpecus in medio virgis ac vimine denfus, Efftciens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum ; 30 L'beribus fcecundus aquis. hoc conditus antro Martius anguis erat, criltis prsefignis & auro : Igne micant oculi; corpus tumet omne veneno ; Trefque vibrant linguae ; triplici ftant ordine dentes. Quern pollquam Tyria lucum de gente profcdli 35 Infaufto tetigere gradu ; demiflaque in undas Urna METAMORPH. Urna dedit fonitum ; longo caput extulit antro Ctcruleus ferpens ; horrendaque fibila mifit. Effluxere urns manibus : fanguifque relinquit Corpus, & attonitos fubitus tremor occupat artus. 40 Ille volubilibus fquamofos nexibus orbes Torquet, & immenfos faltu finuatur in arcus : Ac media plus parte leves eredlus in auras Defpicit omne nemus : tantoque ell corpore, quanto, Si totum fpedles, geminas qui feparat Ardtos. 45 Nec mora; Phcenicas (live illi tela parabant, Sive fugam ; five ipfe timor prohibebat utrumque) Occupat; hos morfu, longis complexibus illos : Hos necat afflatos funefti tabe veneni. Fecerat exiguas jam Sol altiffimus umbras: 5° Quae mora fit fociis miratur Agenore natus; Veftigatque viros. Tegimen derepta leoni Pellis erat: telum fplendenti lancea ferro, Et jaculum ; teloque animus praeftantior omni. Ut nemus intravit, letataque corpora vidit, 55 Vidtoremque fupra fpatiofi corporis holtem Trillia fanguinea lambentem vulnera lingua ; Aut ultor veftrae, fidiflima corpora, mortis, Aut comes, inquit, ero. Dixit: dextraque molarem Suftulit ; & magnum magno conamine milit. 60 Illius impulfu cum turribus ardua celfis Moenia mota forent. ferpens fine vulnere manfit. Loricaeque modo fquamis defenfus, 8c atras Duritia pellis, validos cute reppulit idtus. At non duritia jaculum quoque vincit eadem ; 6j Quod medio lentae fixum curvamine fpinae Conllitit ; & toto defcendit in ilia ferro. Ille, dolore ferox, caput in fua terga retorfit: Vulneraque adfpexit, fixumque haftile momordit. Idque, ubi vi multa partem labefecit in omnem, 70 Vix tergo eripuit. ferrum tamen olfibus haeret. Turn verd, poflquam folitas acceflit ad iras Plaga recens, plenis tumuerunt guttura venis: Spumaque peftiferos circumlluit albida ridtus: Terraque rafa fonat fquamis ; quique halitus exit 75 Ore niger Stygio vitiatas inficit auras. Ipfe modd immenfum fpiris facientibus orbem Cingi« L I B. III. Fab. I. 35’ Cingitur : interdam longa trabe redHor exit. Impete nunc vaito, ceu concitus imbribus amnis, Fertur, & obllantes proturbat pedtore filvas. 80 Cedit Agenorides paullum : fpolioque leonis Suftinct incurfus ; inftantiaque ora retardat Cufpide pratenta. furit ille, & inania duro V-ufnera dat ferro.: figitque in acumine dentes. Jamque venenifero fanguis manare palato 85 Cceperat; & virides afpergine tinxerat herbas: Sed leve vulnus erat: quia fe retrahebat ab idtu j Lteiaque colla dabat retro ; plagamque federe Cedendo arcebat, nec longius ire fmebat: Donee Agenorides conjedtum in gutture ferrum 90 Ufque feqaens preflit: dum retro quercus eunti Obliitit ; &. Sxa eft pariter cum robore cervix. Pondere ferpentis curvata eft arbor, & imte Parte flagellari gemuit fua robora caudas. Dum fpatium vidtor vidli confiderat hoftis ; 9; Vox fubito audita eft : (neque erat cognofcere promtum Unde; fed audita eft:) Quid, Agenore nate, peremtum Serpentem fpedtas ? & tu fpedlabere ferpens. Hie diu pavidus, pariter cum menjte colorem Perdiderat ; gelidoque comae terrore rigebant. joq Ecce viri fautrix fuperas delapfa per auras, Pallas adeft: motaeque jubet fupponere terrae Vipereos dentes, populi incrementa futuri. Paret: &, -ut preftb fulcum pate'Vcit aratro, Spargit humi juftbs, mortalia femina, dentes. 105 Inde (fide majus) glebae coepere moveri; Primaque de fulcis acies apparuit haftae. Tegmina mox capitum piifto nutantia cono: Mox humeri pedlufque, onerataque brachia telis Exliftunt : crefcitque feges clypeata virorum. HO Sic, ubi tolluntur feftis aulaea theatris, Surgere figna folenp; primumque oftendere vultura : Caetera paullatim : placidoque edudta tenore Tota patent : imoque pedes in margine ponunt. Territus hofte novo Cadmus capere arma parabat: 115 Ne cape, de populo, quern terra creaverat, unus Exclamat; nec te civilibus infere bellis. Atque iu terrigenis rigido de fratribus unum Cominus 36 M E T A M O R P H. Cominus enfe ferit: jaculo cadit eminus ipfe. 1 Hie quoque, qui Jeto dederat, non longids illo 120 Vivit, & exfpirat, modd quas acceperat, auras: Exemploque pari furit omnis turba ; fuoque Marte cadunt fubiti per mutua vulnera fratres. Jamque brevis fpatium vitas fortita juventus Sanguineam trepido plangebant pedtore matrem ; 125 Quinque fuperltitibus : quorum fuit unus Echion. Is fua jeclt humi, monitu Tritonidis, arma ; Fraternasque fidem pads petiitque, deditque. Hos operis comites habuit Sidonius hofpes ; Cum pofuit juflTam Phoebeis fortibus urbem. 130 Atttean in Cervum. Fab. II. JAm ftabant Thebas: poteras jam, Cadme, videri Exfilio felix : foceri tibi Marfque Venufque Contigerant. hue adde genus de conjuge tanta, Totnatos, natafque, &, pignora cara, nepotes : Hos quoque jam juvenes. Sed fcilicet, Ultimafemper 135 Exfpetfanda dies homini: dicique beatus Ante obitum nemo, fupremaque funera debet. Prima nepos inter tot res tibi, Cadme, fecundas Cauda fuit luftus, alienaque cornua fronti Addita, vofque canes fatiatas fanguine herili. 140 At bene fi quasras ; Fortunae crimen in illo, Non fcelus invenies. quod enim fcelus error habebat ? Mons erat, infe&us variarum casde ferarum : Jamque dies rerum medias contraxerat umbras; Et Sol ex aequo meta diftabat utraque ; 145 Cum juvenis placido per devia lultra vagantes Participes operum compellat Hyantius ore: Lina madent, comites, ferrumque cruore ferarum, Fortunasque dies habuit fatis. altera lucem Cum croceis inve&a rotis Aurora reducet; 150 Propofitum repetamus opus, nunc Phoebus utraque Diftat idem terra ; finditque vaporibus arva. Siltite opus prasfens : nodofaque tollite Final Jufla viri faciunt, intermittuntque laborem. Vallis erat piceis & acuta denfa cupreffu ; 155 Nomine Gargaphie, fuccindtae facra Diance : Cujus in extremo eft antrum nemorale recelfu, Arte LIB. III. Fab. H. 37 Arte laboratutn nulla; fimulaverat artem Ingenio Natura fuo : nam pumice vivo, Et levibus tophis nativum duxerat arcum. 160 Eons fonat a dextra, tenui perlucidus unda, Margine gramineo patulos incindlus hiatus. Hie Dea filvarum, venatu fefla, folebat Virgineos artus liquido perfundere rore. Quo poftquam fubiit; Kympharum tradidit uni i6$ Armigerce jaculum, pharetramque, arcufque retentos. Altera depofitas fubjecit brachia pallje. Vincla duae pedibus demunt. nam dodlior illis Ifmenis Crocale, fparfos per colla capillos Colligit in nodum ; quamvis erat ipfa folutis. jjo Excipiunt laticem Nepheleque, Hyaleque, Rhanifque, Et Pfecas, & Phiale ; funduntque capacibus urnis. Pumque ibi perluitur folita Titania lympha ; Ecce nepos Cadmi, dilata parte laborum, Per nemus ignotum non certis paflibus errans, 175 Pervenit in lucum : fic ilium fata ferebant.' Qui fimul intravit rorantia fontibus antra ; Sicut erant, vifo nudse fua peflora Nymphs PercufTere viro : fubitifque ululatibus omne Implevere nemus: circumfufsque Dianam 18© Gorporibus texere fuis. tamen altior illis Jpfa Dea eft, colloque tenus fupereminet omnes. Qui color infe&is adverfi Solis ab i<51u Nubibus efle folet, aut purpureas Auroras; Is fuit in vultu vifte fine vcfte Dianas. 185 Quae quanquam comitum turba ftipata fuarum ; In latus obliquum tamen adftitit: oraque retro Flexit: & ut vellet promtas habuifle fagittas ; Quas habuit, fic haufit aquas ; vultumque vkilem Perfudit: fpargenfque comas ultricibus undis, 190 Addidit base cladis prasnuntia verba futuras: Nunc tibi me pofito vifam velamine narres. Si poteris narrate, licet, nec plura minata, Dat fparfo capiti vivacis cornua cervi: Dat fpatium collo: fummafque cacuminat aures: IOC Cum pedibufque manus, cum longis brachia mutat Cruribus: & velat maculofo vellere corpus. Additus 8c pavor eft. fugit Autoneius heros: D - Et 38 METAMORPH. Et fe tam celerem curfu mlratur in ipfo. Ut vero folitis fua cornua vidit in undis. 200 Me miferum ! didturus erat: vox nulla fecuta eft. Ingemuit ; vox ilia fuit ; lachrymasque per ora Non fua fluxerunt. mens tantum priftina manfit. Quid facial ? repetatne domum, regalia tedta ? An lateat filvis ? timer hoc, pudor impedit illud. 205 Dum dubitat; videre canes : -primufque Melampus, Ichnobatefque fagax latratu ligna dedere, Gnollius Ichnobates, Spartana gente Melampus. Inde ruunt alii rapida velocius aura, Pamphagus, & Dorceus, & Oribafus; Arcades omnes: 210 Nebrophonofque valens, Sc trux cum Laslape Theron, Et pedibus Pterelas, Sc naribus utilis Agre, Hyloeufque fero nuper perculfus ab apro, Deque lupo concepta Nape, pecudefque fecuta Pmmenis, Sc natis comitata Harpyja duobus, 215 Et fubftridta gerens Sicyonius ilia Ladon : Et Dromas, 8c Canace, Stidleque, & "Tigris, & Alee, Et niveis Leucon, & villis Asbolus atris, Prasvalidufque Lacon, & curfu fortis A'e'llo, Et Thous, & Cyprio velox cum fratre Lycifce : 220 Et nigram medio frontem diftindtus ab albo Harpalos & Melancus, hirfutaque corpore Lachne : Et patre Didtaeo, fed matre Laconide nati, Labros, Sc Agriodos, Sc acutas vocis Hyladtor : Quofque referre mora eft. ea turba cupidine prtedae 225 Per rupes, fcopulofque, adituque carentia faxa. Qua via difficilis, quaque eft via nulla, feruntur. Jlle fugit, per quae fuerat loca faspe fecutus. Hen famulos fugit ipfe fuos 1 clamare libebat, Adteon ego fum : dominum cognofcite veftrum. 250 Verba animo defunt: refonat latratibus aether. Prima Melanchaetes in tergo vulnera fecit: Proxima Theridamas ; Orefttrophus hselit in armo. Tardius exierant; fed per compendia montis Anticipata via eft. dominum retinentibus iilis 235 Cxtera turba coft, confertque in corpore dentes. Jam loca vulneribus defunt. gemit ille, fonumque, Et, fi non hominis, quem non tamen edere poffit Gervus, h^bet: moeftifque replet juga nota querelis: Et L I B. III. Fab. V. 39 Et genibus fupplcx pronis, fimilifque roganti, 240 Circumfert tacitos, tanquam fua brachia, vultus. At comites rapidum folitis latratibus agmen Ignari inftigant, oculifque A&seona quaerunt ; Et velut abfentem certatim Adtseona clamant. Ad nomen caput ille refert: ut abeffe queruntur, 245 Nec capere oblatse fegnem fpeftacula prxdx. Vellet abeffe quidem ; fed adeft : vclletque videre, Non etiam fentire, canum fera fa&a fuorum. Undique circumflant: merfifque in corpore roftris Dilacerant faili dominum fub imagine cervi. 2J0 Nec, nifi finita per plurima vulnera vita,. Ira pharetratse fertur fatiata Dianoe. Echo in Vocem. Fab. V. I Lie per Aonias, fama celeberrimus, urbes Irreprehenfa dabat populo refponfa petenti. 340 Priraa fide vocifque ratas tentamina fumfit Cxrula Liriope : quam quondam flumine curvo Implicuit: daufeque fuis Cephifos in undis Vim tulit. enixa ell utero pulcherrima pleno Infantem, Nymphis jam tunc qui polfet amari ; 34; NarcilTumque vocat. de quo confultus, an eflet Tempora maturoe vifurus longa fenedae: Fatidicus vates, Si fe non noverit, inquit. Vana diu vifa eft vox auguris. exitus illam, Refque probat, letique genus, novitafque furoris. 350 Jamque ter ad quinos unum Cephilius annum Addiderat: poteratque puer, juvenifque videri. Multi ilium juvenes, multte cupiere puellas. Sed fuit in tenera tam dira fuperbia forma ; Nulli ilium juvenes, nullae tetigere puellas. 333 Adfpicit hunc, trepidos agitantem in retia cervos, Vocalis Nymphe ; quse nec reticere loquenti, Nec prior ipfa loqui didicit, refonabilis Echo. Corpus adhuc Echo, non vox erat : & tamen ufum Garrula non alium, quam nunc habet, oris habebat; 360 Reddere de multis ut verba noviffima poftet. Fecerat hoc Juno, quia, cum-deprendere poftet . Sub Jove faepe fuo Nymphas in monte jacentes, Ilia Deanj longo prudens fermone tenebat, D 2 Dum 4o METAMORPH. Dum fugerent Nymphas. Poftquam Saturnia fenfit; 365 Hujus, ait, lingujE, qua fum delufa, poteftas Parva tibi dabitur, vocifque breviffimus ufus. Reque minas firmat. tamen base in fine loquendi Ingeminat voces ; auditaque verba reportat. Ergo ubi Narciflum, per devia luftra vagantem, 370 Vidit, 8r incaluit j fequitur veftigia furtim. Quoque magis fequitur; flamma propiore ealefeit. Non aliter, quam cum fummis circumlita taedis^ Admotam rapiunt vivacia fulfura flammam. O quoties voluit blandis acccdcre didlis, 375 Et molles adhibere preces! Natura repugnat; Nec finit incipiat. fed quod finit, ilia parata eil Exfpeftare fonos, ad quos fua verba remittat. F6rte puer, comitum fedudtus ab agmine fido, Dixerat, Ecquis adeft ? Et, Adeft, refponderat Echo. 389 Hie ftupet: utque aciem partes divifit in omnes; Voce, Veni, clamat magna. vocat ilia vocantem. Refpicit: & nullo rurfus veniente, Quid, inquit, Me fugis ? & totidem, quot dixit, verba rcccpit. Perftat; & alternte deceptus imagine vocis ; 385 Hue co'e'amus, ait: nullique libentius unquam Refponfura fono, Co'e'amus, retulit Echo : Et verbis favet ipfa fuis ; egreifaque filvis Ibat, ut injiceret fperato brachia collo. Ille fugit: fugienfque, Manus compiexibus aufer : 390 Ante, ait, emoriar, quam fit tibi copia noftri. Rettulit ilia nihil, nifi. Sit tibi copia noftri. Sprcta latet filvis : pudibundaque frondibus ora Protegit: 8c folis ex il}o vivit in antris. Sed tamen haeret amor ; crefcitque dolore rcpulfe. 395 Attenuant vigiles corpus miferabile curae: Adducitque cutem macies ; 8c in aera fuccus Corporis omnis abit. vox tantum, atqueofta fuperfunt. Vox manet. olfa ferunt lapidis traxift'e figuram. [Inde latet filvis : nulloque in monte videtur ; 400 Omnibus auditur. fonus eft, qui vivit in ilia 3 Narajfus in Florem. Fab. VI. Sic hanc, fic alias undis aut montibus ortas Luferat hie Nymphas; fic coetus ante viriles. Inde L I B. III. FAB. VI. 41 Jnde manus aliquis defpe&us ad cethera tollens, Sic amet ifte, licet, lie non potiatur amato, 405 Dixcrat. aflenlit precibus Rhamnulia jullis. Fons erat illimis, nitidis argenteus undis. Quern neque paftores, neque paflas monte capellas Contigerant, aliudve pecus : quern nulla volucris, Isec fera turbarat, nec lapfus ab arbore ramus. 410 Granjen erat circa, quod proximus humor alebat: Silvaque, Sole lacum pafliira tepefeere nullo. Hie puer, & ftudio venandi laiTus & asftu, Procubuit; faciemque loci, fontemque fecutus.' Dumque Ctim fedare cupit; fitis altera crevit. 415 Dumque bibit, vife correptus imagine formas, Rem fine corpore amat: corpus putat die, quod umbra eft. Adftupet ipfe fibi: vultuque immotus eodem Haeret, ut e Pario formatum marmore lignum. Spedlat humi pofitus geminum, fua lumina, fidus, 420 Et dignos Baccho, dignos & Apolline crines, Impubefque genas, & eburnea colla, decufque Oris, & in niveo milium candore ruborem ; Cundaque miratur ; quibus eft mirabilis ipfe. Se cupit imprudens ; &, qui probat, ipfe probatur. 425;' Dumque petit, petitur : pariterque incendit, & ardet. Irrita faliaci quoties dedit ofcula fonti ! In medias quoties, vifum captantia collum, Brachia merfit aquas ; nec fe deprendit in illis ! Quid videat, nefeit; fed quod videt, uritur illo : 430 Atque oculos idem, qui decipit, incitat error. Credule, quid fruftra fimulacra fugacia captas ? Quod petis, eft nufquam : quod amas, avertere, perdes. Ilia repercuftse, quam cernis, imaginis umbra eft. Nil habet ifta fui. tecum venitque, manetque : 43 j Tecum difeedat ; fi tu difeedere poflis. Non ilium Cereris, non ilium cura quietis Abltrahere inde poteft. fed opaca fufus in herba Spedat inexpleto mendacem lumine formam : Perque qculos peril iple fuos ; paullumque levatus, 440 Ad circumftantes tendens fua brachia filvas ; Ecquis, "io filvae, crudelius, inquit, amavit ? ' • Scitis enim, & multis latebra opportuna fuillis. Ecquem, cum veftrae tot agantur fecdla vitas, D 3 Qui 42 METAMORPH. Qui fie tabuerit, longo meminiftis in acvo ? 445 Et placet, & video : fed quod videoque, placetque, Non tamen inveriio. tantus tenet error amantem. Quoque magis doleam ; nec nos mare feparat ingens, Nec via, necmontes, ncc clauGs mcenia portis. Exigua prohibemur aqua, cupit ipfe teneri: 450 Nam quoties liquidis porreximus ofcula lymphis; Hie toties ad me refupino nititur ore. Pofle putes tangi. minimum eft, quod amantibusobftat. Quifquis es, hue exi. quid me, puer unice, fallis ? Quove petitus abis ? Certe nec forma, nec aetas 455 JEft mea, quam fugias: & amarunt me quoque Nymphse. Spem mihi nefcio quam vultu promittis amico : Cumque ego porrexi tibi brachia, porrigis ultro : Cum riG, arrides. lachrymas quoque Gepe notavi, Me lachrymante, tuas. nutu quoque Ggna remittis: 460 Et, quantum motu formoG fufpicor oris, Verba refers aures non pervenientia noftras. In te ego fum, fenft: nec me mea fallit imago. Uror amore mei. flammas moveoque feroque. Quid faciam ? roger, anne rogem ? quid deinde rogabo ? Quod cupio mecum eft : inopem me copia fecit. (465 O utinam noftro fecedere corpore poftem ! Votum in amante novum; vellem, quod amamuSjabelTet. jamque dolor vires adimit: nec tempora vitae Longa me» fuperantprimoqueexftinguor in aevo. 470 Nec mibi mers gravis eft poftturo morte dolores. Jlic, qui diligitur, vellem diuturnior effet. Nunc duo Concordes minima moriemur in una. Dixit, & ad faciem rediit male fanus eandem ; Et lachrymis turbavit aquas; obfeuraque moto 47^ Eeddita forma lacu eft. quam cum vidiifet abire ; Quo fugis ? oro, mane; nec me, crudelis, amantem Dcfere, clamavit. liceat, quod tangcre non eft, Adfpicere ; & mifero prasbere alimenta furori. Dumque dolet, fumma veftem deduxit ab ora, 480 Nudaque marmoreis percuflit pe&ora palmis. Pedfora traxerunt tenuem perculfa ruborem. Non aliter, quam poma folent; quae Candida parte, Parte rubent: aut ut variis folet uva racemis Duccre purpureum, nondum matura, colorem. 48? L I B. in. Fab. VII. 43 Quae fimul adfpexit liqucfafta rurfus In unda; Non tulit ulterius ; fed, nt intabefcere flavae Igne levi cerae, matutinaeve pruinse Sole tepente folent, fic attenuatus amore Liquitur ; & caeco paullatim carpitur igni. 49® Et neque jam color eft mifto candore rubori; Nec vigor, & vires, & quae modd vifa placebant, Nec corpus rcmanet, quondam quod amaverat Echo. Quae tamen ut vidit, quamvis irata memorque, Indoluit: quotiefque puer miferabilis, Eheu, 495 Dixerat : haec refonis iterabat vocibus, Eheu. Cumque fuos manibus percufternt ille lacertos, Haec quoque reddebat fonitum plangoris eundem. Ultima vox folitam fuit haec fpe&antis in undam, Heu fruftra di!e M E T A M O R P H. L I B. IV. . Dc rcetis in Pifcem, Semiramis in Colnmbam, & Nais in Pifcem. Fab. I, II, III. AT non Alcithoe Minyei’as Orgia cenfet Accipienda Dei : fed adhuc temeraria Bacchum Progeniem negat effe Jovis : fociafque forores Impietatis habet. fcftum celebrare facerdos, Immunefque operum dominas famulafque fuorum, 5 Pedtora pelle tegi, crinales folvere vittas, Serta coma, manibus frondentes fumere thyrlbs, Julferat : Sc fsevam la:fi fore numinis iram Vaticinatus erat. parent matrefque nurufque; Tclafque, calathofque, infedtaque penfa reponunt: 10 Thuraque dant : Bacchumque vocant, Bromiumque, Lyasumque, Ignigenamque, fatumque iterum, folumque bimatrem. Additur bis IsTyfeus, indetonfufque Thyoneus, Ft cum Lenaso genialis confitor uvae, Kydteliufque, Eleleufque parens, & I'a'cchus, Sc Evan : jf Et quas prasterea per Graias plurima gentes Nomina, Liber, babes, tibi enim inconfumta Juventas. Tu puer asternus, tu formofiffimus alto Confpiceris coelo : tibi, cum fine cornibus adftas, Virgineum caput eft : oriens tibi vidtus, adulque 20 Decolor extremo quae cingitur India Gange. Penthea tu, venerande, bipenniferumque Lycurgum Sacrilegos madias : Tynhenaque mittis in aequor Corpora, tu bijugum pidlis infignia fbenis Colla premis Lyncum: Bacchas Satyrique fequuntur: 2? Quique fenex ferula titubantes ebrius artus •^uftinet j Sc pando non fortiter hxrct afello. E Quacunquc So METAMORPH. Qoacunque ingrederis; clamor juvenilis, & una Faemineae voces, impulfaque tympana palmis, Concavaque asra fonant, longoque foramine buxus. 30 Pacatus mitifque, rogant Ifmenides, adds : JufTaque facra colunt. folje MinyeVdes intus, Intempeftiva turbantes fefta Minerva, Aut ducunt lanas, aut ftamina pollice verfant, Aut haerent telae, famularquelaboribus urgent. 35 E quibus una levi deducens pollice Slum, Dum cedant aliae, commentaque facra frequentant, Flos quoque, quas Pallas, melior Dea, detinet, inquit. Utile opus manuum vario fermone levemus : Perque vices aliquid, quod tempora longa videri 40 Non finat, in medium vacuas referamus ad aures. Di&a probant, primamque jubent narrare forores. Ilia, quid e multis referat (nam plurima norat) Cogitat; & dubia eft, de te, Babylonia, narret, Derceti, quam versa Iquamis velantibus artus 45 Stagna Palasftini credunt celebrafte figura: An magis ut fumtis illius filia pennis, Extremes albis in turribus egerit annos. NaVs an ut cantu, nimiumque potentibus herbis, Verterit in tacitos juvenilia corpora pifees : 50 Donee idem pafla eft. an, quae poma alba ferebat, Ut nunc nigra ferat contadlu fanguinis arbor. Haec placet: hanc, quoniam vulgaris fabula non eft, Talibus orfa modis, ianafua fiia fequente. Pyramus & Thtsbe. Fab. IV. PYramus & Thilbe, juvenum pulcherrimus alter, jy Altera, quas Oriens habuit, praelata puellis, Contiguas tenuere domos: ubi dicitur altam Codlilibus muris cinxifte Semiramis urbem. Notitiam primofquegradus vicinia fecit; Tempore crevit amor, taeda: quoque jure coiflent: 60 Sed vetuere patres, quod non potuere vetare. Ex aequo captis ardebant mentibus ambo. Confcius omnis abeft. nutu lignifque loquuntur. Quoqut magis tegitur, tetfus magis ajiuat ignis. Filfus^erat tenui rima, quam duxerat olim, 65 Cum LIB. IV. Fab. IV. Cum fieret, paries domui communis utrique. Id vitium, nulli per fecula longa notatum, (Quid non fentit amor? ) primi fenfiftis amantes, Et voci feciftis iter : tutasque per illud Murmure blanditise minimo tranfire folebant. 70 Ssepe ut conftiterant, hinc Thilbe, Pyramus illinc j Inque vicem fuerat captatus anhelitus oris ; Invide, dicebant, paries, quid amantibus obftas ? Quantum erat, ut fineres nos toto corpore jungi! Aut hoc fi nimium, vel ad ofcula danda pateres ! 75 Nec Annus ingrati. tibi nos debere fatemur, Quod dams eft verbis ad arnicas tranfitus aures. Talia diversa nequicquam fede locuti; Sub noiflem dixere Vale : partique dedere Ofcula quifque fuse, non pervenientia contra. 80 Poltera nodturnos Aurora removerat ignes, Solque pruinofas radiis Accaverat herbas : Ad folitum co’iere locum, turn murmure parvo Multa prius quefti, ftatuunt, ut nodte Alenti Fallere cuftodes, foribufque excedere tentent : 85 Cumque domo exierint, urbis quoque tefla relinquant; Neve fit errandum lato fpatiantibus arvo ; Conveniant ad bulla Mini: lateantque fub umbra Arboris. arbor ibi, niveis uberrima pomis, Ardua morus erat, gelido contermina fonti. 90 Padta placent: & lux, tarde difcedere vifa, Praecipitatur aquis, & aquis nox furgit ab ifdem. Callida per tenebras, verfato cardine, Thisbe Egreditur, fallitque fuos : adopertaque vultum Pervenit ad tumulum ; didtaque fub arbore fedit. 9S Audacem faciebat amor, venit ecce recenti Csede leaena bourn fpumantes oblita ridtus, Depofitura fitim vicini fontis in unda. Quam procul ad Lunae radios Babylonia Thilbe Vidit : & obfcurum timido pede fugit in antrum. 100 Dumque fugit, tergo velamina lapfa relinquit. Ut lea fasva fitim multa compefcuit unda, Dum reditin filvas, inventos forte fine ipsa Ore cruentato tenues laniavit amidtus. Serius egrelfus veltigia vidit in alto 105 Pulvere certa fera, totoque expalluit ore £ 2 Pyramus.. M E T A M O R P H. Pyramus. ut vero veflem quoque fanguine tjndlam Repperit; Una duos nox, inquit, perdet amantes : E quibus ilia fuit longa digniffima vita. ^ioitra nocens anima eft. ego te, miferanda, pererai, no In loca plena metus qui jufll no F 2 MET- 64 METAMORP H. METAMORPH. LIB. V. Caput Gorgonis Homines In Sax a convex tens. Fab. I. DUmque ea Cephenuni medipr Danaeuis keros ■Agmine commemorat ; /remida regalia turba Atria complentur : nec conjugialia fella Qui canat, elt clamor; fed qui ^era nuntiet arma. Inque repentinos convivia verfa tumultus 5 Afllmilare freto poflls; quod fasva quietum Ventorum rabies motis exafperat undis. Primus in his Pbineus, belli temerarius auflor, Fraxineam quatiens aeratas cufpidis haftam ; En, ait, en adfuni prsereptse conjugis ultor. 10 Nec mihi tc pennse, nec falfum verfus in aurum Jupiter, eripient. conanti mitterc Cepheus, <^uid facis ? exclamat: quae te, germane, furentem Mens agit in facinus ? meritifne htec gratia tantis Pvedditur? hac vitam fervatae dote rtpendis ? 15 Qiiarn tibi non Perfeus, verum ft quaeris, ademit : Sed grave NereVdum numen, fed cornigcr Ammon, Sed qua: vifceribus veniebat bellua ponti Exfaturanda meis. illo tibi tempore rapta eft, Quo peritura fuit. nift fi, crudelis, id ipfum 20 Fixigis, ut pereat: lufluque levabere nollro. Scilicet baud fatis elt, quod, te fpedtantc, revimfta elt; Et nullam quod opera patruus fponfufve tulifti: Infuper, ii quoquam quod lit fervata, dolebis : Proemiaque eripies ? qua: li tibi magna videntur ; 2> Ex illis fcopulis, ubi erant affixa, petilTes : Nunc line, qui petiit, per quem non orba fenectus, Ferre, quod & meritis & voce ell padtus: eumque Non tibi, fed certm praslatum intellige morti. llle nihil contra : fed & hunc, & Perfea vultu 30 Alterno fpedans, petat hunc, ignorat, an ilium. Cunftatufque brevi, contortam viribus haltam, Quantas ira dabat, nequicquam in Perfea milit. Ut fletit illatoro; flratis turn denique Perfeus Exliluit : teloque ferox inimica rcmillb 35' Petfora rupilTet; nili poll altaria Phineus Ihc t: LIB. V. Fab. r. 6^ IfTet: & (indignum) fcelerato profuit ara. Fronte tamen Rhoeti non irrita cufpis adhaellt. Qui poflquam occidit, ferrumque ex ofTe revulfum eft, Palpitat, & pofitas afpergit fanguine menfas. 40 Turn vero indomitas ardefcit vulgus in iras : Telaque conjiciunt. & funt, qui Cephea dicant Gum genero debere mori. fed limine te<5H Exierat Cepheus ; teftatus jufque, fidemque, Hofpitiique Decs, ea, fe prohibente, moveri. 45 Bellica Pallas adeft ; & protegit aegide fratrem : Datque animos. erat Indus Athis, quern, flumine Gange Edita, Limnate vitreis peperilfe fub antris Creditur, egregius forma : quam divite cultu Augebat, bis adhuc odlonis integer annis ; 50 Indulus chlamydem Tyriam, quam limbus obibat Aureus: ornabant aurata monilia collum ; Et madidos myrrha curvum crinale capillos. Ille quidem jaculo quamvis diftantia miftb Figere dodius erat; fed tendere dodlior arcus. Turn quoque lenta manu fledtentem cornua Perleus Stipite, qui media pofitus fumabat in ara, Perculit; & fradtis confudit in olfibus ora. Hunc ubi laudatos jadtantem in fanguine vultus AfTyrius vidit Lycabas ; jundtiffimus illi 60 Et comes, & veri non diffimulator amoris; Poftquam exhalantem fub acerbo vulnere vitam Deplcravit Athin ; quos ille tetenderat, arcus Arripit: &, Mecum tibi fint certamina, dixit; Nec longum pueri fato lastabere ; quo plus 6S Invidias, quam laudis, babes, base omnia nondum Dixerat: emicuit nervo penetrabile telum : Vitatumque, tamen finuosa vefte pependit. Vertit in hunc harpen, fpediatam caede Medufe, Acrifioniades, adigitque in pedlus. at ille 70 Jam moriens, oculis fub nodie natantibus atra, Gircumfpexit Athin : feque acclinavit in ilium ; Et tnlif ad Manes jundlas folatia mortis. Ecce Syenites genitus Methione Phorbas, Et I.ibys Amphimedon, avidi committere pugnam, 75 Sanguine, quo tellus late madefadia tepebat, Concidcrant lapli: furgentibus obilitit enfts, ? 3. Alterius 66 M E T A M O R P H. Alterlus coftis, jugulo Phorbantis ada&us. At non Adtoriden Erithon, cui lata bipennls Telum erat, admoto Perfeus petit cnfe : fed altis So Exftantem fignis, multoeque in pondere maflie, Ingentem manibus tollit cratera duabus ; Infligitque viro. rutilum vomit ille cruorem : Et refupinus humum moribundo vertice pulfat. Inde Semiramio Polydsemona fanguine cretum, 85 Caucafiumque Abarin, Sperchionidenque Lycetum, Tntonfumque comas Elycen, Phlegiamque, Clytumque Sternit: & exflrudlos morientum calcat acervos. Nec Phineus aufus concurrere cominns liolii, Tntorquet jaculum : quod detulit error in Idan, 90 Expertem fruflra belli, 8c neutra arma fecutum. U'lc tuens oculis immitem Phinea torvis, Quandoquidem in partes, ait, abftrahor, accipe, Phineu, Quem fecifti hoftem; penfaque hoc vulnere vulnus. lamque remiffurus tradium de corpore telum 95 Sanguine defedlos cecidit collapfus in artus. Hie quoque Cephenum poll Regem primus Odites Enfe jacet Clymeni : Protenora perculit Hypfeus : Hypfea Lyncides. fuit & grandaevus in illis Emathion, a;qui cultor, timidufque Deorum : 100 Quem quoniam prohibent anni bellare, loquendo Pugnat; & incelfit, fcelerataque^devovet arma. Huic Chromis amplexo trennilis tdtaria palmis Demetit enfe caput; quod protinus incidit arte : Atque ibi femianimi verba exfecrantia lingua 105 Edidit, & medios animam exfpiravit in ignes. Hinc gemini fratres, Broteafque & casftibus Ammon Invidti, vinci ft polfent caeflibus enfes, Phinea cccidere manu : Cererifque facerdos Ampycus, albenti velatus tempora vitta. HO Tu quoque, lapetide, non hos adhibendus in ufus ; Sed qui pacis opus citharam cum voce moveres; Julfus eras celebrare dapes, feftumque canendo. vmi procul aftanti, plcdlnunque imbelle tenenti, Pettalus, I, ridens, Stygiis cane castera, dixit, 115 Manibus : & Ixvo mucronem tempore figit. Concidit, & digitis morientibus ille retentat f jla lyrse: cafuque canit milcrabiie carmen. Koa LIB. V. Fab. I. 6? ■Son finit hunc impune ferox cecidilTe Lycormas: Raptaque de dextro robufta repagula pofti 120 Offibus illidit mediae-cervicis. at ille Procubuit terras, madlati morejuvenci. Demere tentabat lasvi quoque robora poflis Cinyphius Pelates ; tentanti dextera iixa eft Cufpide Marmaridas Corythi : lignoque cohasfit. 125 Ilaerenti latus haufit Abas : nec corruit ille ; Sed retinente manum moriens e pofte pependit. Sternitur & Melaneus Perfe'ia caftra fecutus, Et Nafamoniaci Dorylas ditiflimus agri ; Dives agri Dorylas : quo non poftederat alter 130 Latins, aut totidem tollebat farris acervos. Hujus in obliquo miftum ftetit inguine ferrum : Letifer ille locus, quem poftquam vulneris audlor Singultantem animam, Sc verfantem lumina vidit (135 Badlrius Halcycneus; Hoc, quod premis, inquit, habeto, De tot agris terras : corpufque exfangue reliquit. Torquet in hunc haftam calido de vulnere raptam Ultor Abantiades : media quae nare recepta Cervice exadia eft, in partefque eminet ambas. (140 Dumque manum Fortuna juvat; Clytiumque, Claninque, Matre fatos una, diverfo vulnere fudit. Nam Clytii per utrumque gravi librata lacerto Fraxinus adta femur : jaculum Clanis ore momordit. Occidit & Celadon Mendefius : occidit Aftreus, Matre Palaeftina, dubio genitore creatus. 143 iEthionque fagax quondam ventura videre : Nunc ave deceptus falsa : regifque Thoadtes Armiger. & casfo genitore infamis Agyrtes. Plus tamen exhaulto fupereft : namque omnibus unum Opprimere eft animus, conjurata undique pugnant 1 ya Agmina pro caufta meritum impugnante fidemque. Hac pro parte focer fruftra pius, & nova conjux, Cum genitrice, favent; ululatuque atria complent. Sed fonus armorum fuperat, gemitufque cadentum : Pollutofque fimul multo Bellona penates Sanguine perfundit; renovataque praelia mifcet. Circueunt unum Pbineus, & mille fecuti Pbinca. tela volant hiberna grandine plura Praster utrumque latus, prasterque & lumen & aures. Appli- 68 MET A M O R P H. Applicat hinc humeros ad magnaj faxa columns : 160 Xutaque terga gerens, adverfaque in agmina verfus, Suftinet indantes. inftabant parte finiftra Cbadnius Molpeus, dextra Nabathasus Ethemon. Tigris ut, auditis diversa valle duorum Exftimulata fame mugitibus armentorum, 165 Nefcit utro potius ruat ; Sc ruere ardet utroque : Sic dubius Perfeus, dextra laevane feratur, Molpea trajedli fubmovit vulnere cruris ; Contentufq; fuga ell. nequeenim dat tempus EthemOn; Sed furit: Sc, cupiens alto dare vulnera collo, 170 Non circumfpedlis exadtum viribus enfem Fregit: & extrema percudie parte columns Lamina difliluit, dominique in gutture fixa ell. Non tamen ad letum caulfas fatis ilia valentes Plaga dedit. trepidum Perfeus, & inermia frullra 175; Brachta tendentem Cyllenide confodit harpe. Verum ubi virtutem turbs fuccumbere vidit, Auxilium, Perfeus, quoniam fic cogitis ipfi, Dixit, ab bode petam : vultus avertite vellros, Si quis'amicus adell: & Gorgonis extulit ora. iSq- Quaere alium, tua quern moveant miracula, dixit Thelcelus : utque manu jaculum fatale parabat Mitfere, in' hoc haefit lignum de marmore gellu. Proximus Huic Ampyx animi plenillima magni Pedtora Lyncids gladio petit: inque petendo 185,' 1 Dextera diriguit, nec citra mota, nec ultra. ■At Nileus, qui fe genitum feptemplice Nilo Ementitus erat, clypeo quoque flumina feptem Argento partim, partim cslaverat auro, Adfpice, ait, Perfeu, nallrs primordia gentis: 190 , Magna feres tacitas folatia mortis ad umbras, A tanto cecidiffe viro. pars ultima vocis In medio fupprelfa lono ell: adapertaque velle Ora loqui credas : nec funt ea pervia verbis. Increpat hos, Vitioqu* animi, non crinibus, inquit, 195, Gorgoneis torpetis, Eryx : incurrite mecum ; Et prollernite humi juvenem magica arma moventem. Incurfurus erat; tenuit veltigia tellus : Immotufque lilex, armataque manfit imago. Hi tamen ex merito poenam fubiere. fed unus 200 Miles LIB. V. Fab. II. 69 Miles erat Perfei, pro quo dum pugnat, Aconteus, Gorgone confpetfa faxo concrevit oborto. Quern ratus Aftyages etiamnum vivere, longo Enfe ferit: fonuit tinnitibus enfis acutis. Dura ftupet Aftyages; naturam traxit eandem : 205 Mannoreoque nianet vultus tnirantis in ore. Is'omina longa mora eft media de plebe virorum Dicere. bis centum reftabant corpora pugnas: Gorgone bis centum riguerunt corpora visa. Poenitet injufti nunc denique Phinea belli. 210 Sed quid agat ? fimulacra videt diverfa figuris; Agnofcitque fuos; & nomine quemque vocatos Pofcit opem : credenfque parum, fibi proxima tangit Corpora : marmor erant. avertitur ; atque ita fupplex, Confeftafque manus, obliquaque brachia tendcns, 215 Vincis, ait, Perfeu : remove fera monftra ; tuaeque Saxificos vultus, quaecunque ea, tolle Medufae. Tolle, precor. non nos odium regnive cupido Compulit ad bellum : pro conjuge movimus arma. Caufla fuit meritis melior tua, tempore noftra. 220 Mon ceftifte piget. nihil, 6 fortiflime, praeter Hanc animam concede mihi: tua coetera funto. Talia dicenti, neque eum, quern voce rogabat, Refpicere audenti, Quod, ait, timidiffime Phineu, Et poflum tribuifte, & magnum munus inerti eft, 225 (Pone metum) tribuam : nullo violabere ferro. Quin etiam manfura dabo monumenta per cevum j Inque domo foceri Temper fpeftabere noftri: Ut mea fe fponfi foletur imagine conjux. Dixit: & in partem Phorcynida tranftulit iilam, 230 Ad quam fe trepido Phineus obverterat ore. Turn quoque conanti fua flecflere lumina cervix Diriguit, faxoque oculorum irduruit humor. Sed tamen os timidum, vultufque in marmore fupplex, Submiflaeque manus, faciefque obnoxia manfit. 235 Prxtus in Saxum. Fab. TI. Vldlor Abantiadcs patrios cum conjuge muros Intrat : & immeriti vindex ultorque parentis Aggreditur Proetum. nam, fratre per arma fugato, Acrifioneas Proems polfederat arces. Sed 70 METAMORPH. Sed nec ope armorum, nec, quam maid ceperat, arcc 240 Torva colubriferi fuperavit lumina monftri. Polydettes in Lapidem. Fab. III. TE tamen, 6 parvse reftor, Polydeda, Seriphi, Nec juvenis virtus per tot fpedtata labores, Nec mala mollierant: fed inexorabile durus Exerces odium : nec iniqua finis in ira eft. 245 Detre&as etiam laudcs : fidtamque Medufie Arguis efte necem. Dabimus tibi pignora veri; Parcite luminibus, Perfeus ait : oraque regis Ore Medufieo filicem fine fanguine fecit. Mu fa in Jives, is Pyrenei pracipitium. Fab. IV. HAdlenus aurigenoe comitem Tritonia fratri 250 Se dedit. inde cava circumdata nube Seriphon Deferit; a dextra Cythno Gyaroque relidtis. Quaque fuper pontum via vifa brevifiima, Thebas, Virgineumque Helicona petit; quo monte potita Conftitit; & doftas fie eft affata forores: 2JJ Fama novi fontis noftras pervenit ad aures ; Dura Medufiei quern praspetis ungula rupit. Is mihi caufla vise, volui mirabile monftrum Cernere : vidi ipfum materno fanguine nafei.. Excipit Uranie : Quaecunque eft caulfa videndi 260 Has tibi. Diva, domos ; animo gratiftima noftro cs. Vera tamen fama eft: & Pegafus hujus origo Fontis. & ad latices deducit Pallada (acros. Quae mirata diu faflas pedis idribus undas, Silvarum lucos circumfpicit antiquarum ; 265 Antraque, & innumeris diftimftas floribus herbas ; Felicefque vocat pariter ftudiique locique Mnemonidas. Quam fic affata eft una fororum: O, nifi te virtus opera ad majora tuliftet, In partem ventura chori Tritonia noftri, 270 Vera refers ; meritoque probas artefque locumque : Et gratam fortem, tutae modd fimus, habemus. Sed (vetitum eft adeo fcelere nihil) omnia terrent Virgineas mentes; dirufque ante ora Pyreneus Vertitur; & nondum me tota mente recepi. 275 Daulia ThrcYcio Phoceaque militc rura Ceperat LIB. V. Fab. V. 71 Ceperat ille fcrox, injuftaque regna tenebat. Templa petebamus Parnaflia, vidit euntes : Noftraque fallaci veneratus numina cultu ; Mnemonides, (cognorat enim) confiflite, dixit: 280 Nec dubitate, precor, tedlo grave fidus, & imbrem (Imber erat) vitare meo : fubiere minores Saspe cafas Super!, didtis & tempore motae Annuimufque viro, primafque intravimus aedes. Defiderant imbres ; vidtoque Aquilonibus Auftro, 285 Fufca repurgato fugiebant nubila coelo. Impetus ire fuit. claudit fua tedla Pyreneus : Vimque parat: quam nos fumtis efFugimus alis. Ipfe fecuturo fimilis ftetit arduus arce : Quaqueviaeft vobis, erit & mihi, dixit, eadem. 290 Seque jacit vecors e fummae culmine turris : Et cadit in vultus, difcuflique ollibus oris Tundit humum moriens fcelerato fanguine tindtam. Pieridum certamen cun mufis. Dii a Typbeo fugati, fitfue mutantes in varies formas. Fab. V. MUfa loquebatur. pcnnae fonuere per auras : Voxque falutantum ramis veniebat ab altis. 295 Sufpicit; & linguae quaerit, tarn certa loquentes, Undefonent: hominemque putat Jove nata locutum. Ales erant; numeroque novem, fua fata querentes Inftiterant ramis imitantes omnia picae. Miranti lie orfa DeaeDea: Nuper & iftae 300 Auxerunt volucrem vidtae certamine turbam. Pieros has genuit Pellaeis dives in arvis. Paeonis Euippe mater fuit. ilia potentem Lucinam novies, novies paritura, vocavit. Intumuit numero ftolidarum turba fororum : 305 Perque tot Ammonias, & per tot Achaidas urbes Hue venit: & tali committunt praelia voce : Definite indodtum vana dulcedirte vulgus Eallere ; nobifeum, fi qua eft fiducia vobis, Thefpiades certate Deae. nec voce, nec arte, 310 Vincemur ; totidemque fumus. vel cedite vidlae Fonte Medufaeo, & Hyantea Aganippe : Vel nos Emathiis ad Paeonas ufque nivofos Ccdamus campis. dirimant certamina Nymphae. Turpe 72 METAMORPH. Turpe quidem contendere crat; fed cedere vifum 315 Turpius. eleftae jurant per flumina nymphoe j Fatfaque de vivo prelTere fedilia faxo. Tunc, fine forte prior quae fe certare profeffa eft, Bella canit fuperum : falfoque in honore gigantas Ponit, 8c extenuat magnorum fadta Deorum ; 320 Emiftiimque ima de fede Typhoea terras Ccditibus fecifte metum ; cundtofque dedifle Tergafugae: donee felfos jEgyptia tellus Ceperit, & feptem diferetus in oftia Nilus. Hue quoque terrigenam venilfe Typhoea narrat, 325' Et fe mentitis Seperos celaife figuris : Duxque gregis, dixit, fit Jupiter ; unde recurvis Nunc quoque formatus Libya eft cum cornibus Ammon. Delius in corvo, proles Semeleia capro, Fele foror Phoebi, nivea Saturnia vacca, 330 Pifce Venus latuit, Cyllenius Ibidis alis. Hafienus ad citharam vocalia moverat ora : Pofcimur Aonides : fed forfitan otia non fint ; Nec noftris prasbere vacet tibi cantibus aurem. Nedubita, veftrumque mihi refer ordine carmen, 333 Pallas ait: nemorifque levl confedit in umbra. Mufa refert: Dedimus fummam certaminis uni. Surgit, & immiftbs hedera collegia capillos Calliope querulas prastentat pollice chordas : Aiquehasc perculfis fubjungit carmina nervis. 340 preferpina a Plutone rapid, Cyans in Fontem. Fab. VI. PRima Ceres unco glebam dimovit aratro : Prima dedit fruges, alimentaque mitia terris: Prima dedit leges. Cereris fumus omnia munus. Ilia canenda mihi eft. utinam modb dicere poftem Carmina digna Dea! certe Dea carmine digna eft. 343 Vafta giganteis ingefta eft infula membris Trinacris ; & magnis fubjedlur : molibus urget TEthereas aufum fperare Typboea fedes. Nititur ille quidem, pugnatque refurgere faspe : Dextra fed Aufonio manus eft fubjedta Peloro : 330 Lasva, Pachyne, tibi; Lilybaeo crura premuntur: Defcravat Aitna caput : fub qua refupinus arenas Ejedlat, L I B. V. Fab. VI, 7$ Ejedat, flammamque fero vomit ore Typboeus. S$pe remoliri ludatur pondera terrx ; Oppidaque, & magnos evolvere corpora monies. 355 Inde tremit tellus : & rex pavet ipfe filentum, Kc pateat, latoque foltim retegatur hiatu ; Immiffufque dies trepidantes terreat umbras.. Hanc metuens cladem, tenebrosa fede tyrannus Exierat: curruque atrorum vedus equorum 360 Ambibat Siculse cautus fundamina terrse. Poftquam exploratum Tatis eft, loca nulla, labare ; Depolitique metus : videt hunc Erycina vagantem Monte Tuo refidens, natumque amplexa volucrem ; Arma, manufque meas, mea, nate, potentia, dixit, 365 U!a, quibus fuperas omnes, cape tela, Cupido, Inque Dei pedusceleres molire Tagittas, Cui triplicis ceftit fortuna noviflima regni. Tu Superos, ipfumque Jovem, tu numina ponti Vida domas, ipfumque, regit qui numina ponti. 370 Tartara quid ceftant ? cur non matrifque tuumque Imperium prefers ? agitur pars tertia mundi. Et tamen in coelo, quae jam patientia noftra eft * Spernimur: ac mecum vires minuuntur Amoris. Pallada nonne vides, jaculatricemque Dianam 375 Abfceftifte mihi ? Cereris quoque filia virgo. Si patiemur, erit : nam fpes afl'edat eafdem. At tu, pro focio ft qua eft mea gratia regno, Junge Deam patruo. dixit Venus. Ille pharetram ' Solvit; & arbitrio matris de mille fagittis 380 Enarn lepofuit: fed qua nec acutior ulla, Nee minus incerta eft, nec quae magis audiat arcurn. pppofitoque genu curvavit ilexile cornu : [nque cor hamata percuflit arundine Ditcm. daud procul Hennsis lacus eft a moenibus altas, gSy Nomine Fergus, aquae, non illo plura Cayftros Barmina cygnorum labentibus audit in undis. fiilva coronat aquas, cingens latus omne, fuifque ?rondibus, ut velo, Phoebeos fubmovet ignes. b rigora dant rami, Tyrios humus humida florcs. 390 ■perpetuum ver eft. quo dum Proferpina luco uLudit, & aut violas, aut Candida lilia carpit; cOumque puellari ftudio calathofque finumque Imp Jet, 74 M E T A M O R P H. Impiet, & aequales certat fuperare legendo ; Pene Cmul vifa eft, dile<5taque, raptaque Diti: gqj: Ufque aded properatur amor. Dea territa mcefto Etniatrem, & comites, fed matrem faepius, ore CJamat: &, ut fumma veftem laniarat ab ora, ColJedi flores tunicis cecidere remiftis. Tantaque fimplicitas puerilibus adfuit annis : 400 .Hsec quoque virgineum movit jadtura dolorem. Haptor agit currus, & nomine quemque vocatos Exhortatur equos. quorum per colla jubafque Excutit obfcura tindlas ferrugine habenas. Perque lacus altos, & olentia fulfure fertur 40,5 Stagna Palicorum rupta ferventia terra : Et qua Bacchiads, bimari gens orta Corintho, Inter inaequales pofuerunt moenia portus. Eft medium Cyanes, & Pifaete Arethufas, Quod co’it anguftis inclufum cornibus tequor, 410 i Jlic fuit, a cujus ftagnum quoque nomine didtuip eft, Inter Sicelidas Cyane celeberrima Nymphas ; Gurgite qua: medio fumma tenus exftitit alvo, Agnovitque Deum : Nec longius ibitis, inquit, l^on potes invitas Cereris gener efte. roganda ; 415 ■ Kon rapienda fuit. quod li componere magnis Parva milii fas eft ; & roe dilexit Anapis. Exorata tamen, nec, ut base, exterrita nupfi, Dixit : &, in partes diverfas brachia tendens, Obftitit. baud ultra tenuit Saturnius iram : 420 j Terribilefque hortatus equos, in gurgitis ima Contortum valido feeptrum regale l^certo Gondidit. idta viam tellus in Tprtara fecit: Et pronos currus medip cratere recepit. , At Cyane, raptamque Deam, contemtaque fontis 42J Jura fui mosrens, inconfolabile vulnus Alente gerit tacita; lacrymifque abfumitur omnis: Et, quarum fuerat magnum modd numen, in illas Extenuatur aquas, molliri membra videres; Qfla pati flexus : ungues pofuifte rigorem ; 430 Primaque de tota tenuiffima quasque liquefcunt; Cterulei crines, digitique, 8c crura, pedefque : Nam brevis in gelidas membris exilibus unda Tjanlitus eft. poft hsec tcrgumque, humeriqe,latufque., Pedtoraque L I B. V. Fab. VII. VIU. 75 Pcfloraque in tenues abeunt evanida rivos. 435 Denique pro vivo vitiatas fanguine venas Lympha fubit-: reftatque nihil, quod prendere poflis. Puer in Stcllioncm. Fab. VII. INterea pavidae nequicquam filia ma'tri Omnibus eft terris, omni quxfita profundo. Illam non rttilis veniens Aurora capillis 440 CeiTantem vidit, non Hefperus. illaduabus Flammitera pinus manibus fuccendit ab .Etna, Perque pruinofas tulit irrequieta tenebras. Rurlus, ut alma dies hebetarat fulcra, natam Solis ad occafus, Solis qusrebat ab ortu. 445 Fefta laborc fitim collcgerat; oraque nulli Colluerant forites : cum teftam ftramine vidit Forte cafam ; parvafqrre fores pulfavit: at inde Prodit anus, Divamque videt; lymphamque rogantl, Dulce dedit, tofta quod coxerat ante polenta. 440 Dum bibit ilia datum ; duri puer oris, & audax Conftitit ante Deam; rifitque, avidamque vocavit: OfFenfa eft: neque adhuc epota parte loquentcm Cum liquido mifta perfudit Diva polenta. Combibit os maculas; &, qua modd brachia gefft, 455 ■ Crura gerit: cauda eft mutatis addita membris : :Inque brevem forfnam, ne fit vis magna nocendi, iContraJiitur : parvaque minor metlfura lacerta eft. 'Miranterrf, flentemque, & tangere monftra parantem Tugitanum; latebramque petit : aptumque colort 460 INomen habet, variis ftellatus corpora guttis; Afiulaphus in Bubonem. Fab. VIII. |/^\Uas Dea per terras, & quas erraverat undas, . Dicerelonga mora eft. quarenti defuit orbis. iSicaniam repetit. dumque omnia luftrat eundo ; Wenit & ad Cyanen : ea, ni mutata fuiftet, 46^ Omnia narraftet. led & os £r lingua volenti (Dicere non aderant: nec, quo loqueretur, habebat. [iSignatamen manifefta dedit: notamque parent! 1 Ills forte loco delapfam gurgite facro a'Perfephones zonam fummis oftendit in undis. 47O frQuam fimul agnovit, tanquam turn denique raptam G Sciftet, 76 METAMORPH. ScifTet, inornatos laniavit Diva capillos: Et repetita fuis percuflit pedtora palmis. Nec fcit adhuc ubi lit: terras tamen increpat omnes; Ingratafque vocat, nec frugum munere dignas. 475 Trinacriam ante alias, in qua veftigia damni "Repperit. ergo illic fasva vertentia glebas Eregit aratra manu : parilique iratacolonos Ruricolafque boves leto dedit: arvaque jufiit Falleredepolitum ; vitiataque femina fecit. 480 Fcrtilitas terrae, latum vulgata per orbem, CalTa jacet : primis fegetes moriuntur in herbis : Et modd Sol nimius, nimius modo corripit imber. Sidtraque, ventique nocent: avidaeque volucres Semina jacta legunt: lolium, tribulique fatigant 485 Triticeas melfes, & inexpugnabile gramcn. Cum caput Eleis Aljahe'ias extulitundis : Rorantefque comas a fronte removit. ad aures; Atque ait: O toto quaelitas virginis orbe, Et frugum genitrix, immenfos lifte labores: 490 Neve tibi fidse violeri*a irafeere terras. Terra nihil meruit: patuitque invita rapinae. Nec fum pro patria fupplex: hue hofpitaveni. Pifa mihi patria ell: & ab Elide ducimus ortum. Sicaniam peregrina colo ; fed gratior omni 495 Hasc mihi terra folo eft; hos nunc Arethufa penates, Hanc habeo fedem ; quam tu, mitilfima, ferva. Mota loco cur fan, tantique per aequoris undas Advehar Ortygram, veniet narratibus bora Tempeftiva meis : cum tu curifque levata, 500 Et vuitus melioris eris. mihi pervia tellus Praebet iter : fubterque imas ablata cavernas Hie caput attollo : defuetaque fidera cerno. Ergo dum Stygio fub terris gurgitc labor, Vifa tua eft oculis illic Proferpina noftris. 505 Ilia quidem triftis, nec adhuc interrita vultu ; Sed regina tamen, fed opaci maxima mundi ; Sed'tamen inferni pollens matrona tyranni. Mater ad auditas ftupuit, feu faxea, voces: Attonitseque diu limilis fuit: utque dolore 510 Pulfa gravi gravis eft amentia ; curribus auras Exit in asthereas : ibi toto nubila vultu Ante LIB. V. Fab. VIII. 77 Ante Jovem pafils ftetit invidiofa capillis. Proque meo fupplex venio tibi, Jupiter, inquit, Sanguine, proque tuo. fi nulk eft gratia matris: Sis Tsata patrem moveat: neu fit tibi cura precamur Vilior iliius, quod noftro eft edita partu. En quasfita diu tandem mihi nata reperta eft : Si reperire vocas, amittere certius : aut fi Scire ubi fit, reperire vocas. quod rapta, feremus: 52Q Dummodo reddat earn, neque enim prasdone marito Filia digna tua eft ; fi jam mea filia digna eft. Jupiter excepit: Commune eft pignus onufque, Nata, mihi tecum : fed, fi modb nomina rebus Addere vcra placet, non hoc injuria fa&um, J25 Verum amor eft : neque erit nobis gener ille pudori. Tu modd, Diva, veils, ut defint caetera, quantum eft Efte Jovis fratrem ! quid quod nec castera defunt, Nec cedit nifi forte mihi ? fed tanta cupido Si tibi difcidii ; repetat Proferpina coelum : 530 Lege tamen certa; li nullos contigit illic Ore cibos. nam fic Parcarum fcedere cautum eft. Dixerat. At Cereri certum eft educere natam. Non ita fata finunt: quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat : &, cultis dum fimplex errat in hortis, 535 Puniccum curva decerpferat arbore pomum : Sumtaque pallenti feptem de cortice grana Prellerat ore fuo. folufque ex omnibus illud Viderat Afcalaphus ; quern quondam dicitur Orphne, Inter Avernales baud ignotiflima nymphas, 549 Ex Acheronte fuo furvis peperiffe fub antris. ' Vidit : & indicio reditum crudelis ademit. Ingemuit Regina Erebi, teftemque profanam Fecit avem ; fparfumque caput Phlegethontide lymphS In roftrum, & plumas, & grandia lumina vertit. 545 file fibiablatus fulvis amicitur ab alls ; I nque caput crcfcit; longofque refle G 3- Siraiej 78 METAMORPH. Sirencs. Fab. IX. HIc tamen indicio poenam linguaque videri Commeruifle poteft. vobis, Acheloides, unde Pluma pedefque avium, cum virginis ora geratis ? An quia, cum legeret vernos Proferpina floresr In comitum numero miike, Sirenes, eratis ? Quam poftquam toto fruiira qua^fiftis in orbe ; Protinus ut veftram fentirent aequora curam, Poffe fuper fludhis alarum infiftere remis Optaftis : facilefque Deos habuiftis, & artus Vidiftis veftros fubitis flavefcere pennis. 56a Ne tamen ille canor mulcendas natus ad aurcs, Tantaque dos oris linguas deperderet ufum ; Virginei vultus, & vox humana remanfit. At medius fratrifque fui moeftasque fororis Jupiter ex asquo volventem dividit annum. 565 Nunc Dea regnorum numen commune duorum Cum matre eft totidem, totidem cum conjuge menfes. Vertitur extemplo facies & mentis & oris : Nam, modo quae poterat Dili quoque moefta videri, JLasta Dea: frons eft : ut Sol, qui tedhrs aquofis jye. Nabibus ante fuit, vidlisubi nubibus exit*.- Pierides in Picas. Fab. XII. FInierat didlos e nobis maxima cantus. At Nymphae viciffe Deas Helicona colentes Concordi dixere fono. Convicia vidfte Cumjacerent, Quoniam, dixit, certamine vobis 66$ Supplicium meruilfe parum eft, maledidtaque culpa: Additis, & non eft patientia libera nobis; Ibimus in pcenas; &, qua vocat ira, fequemur. Rident Emathides, fpernuntque minacia verba ; Conataeque loqui, & magno clamore protervas 670 Intentare manus, penna? exire per ungues Adfpexere fnos, operiri brachia plumis: Alteraque alterius rigido concrefcere roftro Ora vident, volUcrefque novas accedere (ilvis. Dumque volunt plangi; per brachia mora levata: 675 Acre pendebant, nemorum convicia, picje. Nunc quoque in alitibus facundia prifca remanfit, Jlaucaque garrulitas, ftudilunque immane loquendi. £ I B. VI. Fab. IX.' 79 M E T A M O R P H. L I B. VT. P-rogne, Philomela, Tereusr is Itys in Aves. Fab. IX. Flnitimi proceres coeunt: urbefque propinquse Orav^re fuos ire ad folatia reges, Argofque, & Sparte, PelopeYadefque Mycenae, Et nondum torvae Calydon invifa Dianae, 415 Orchoraenofqxie ferox, & nobilis aere Corinthos, MefTeneque ferax, Patraeque, humilefque Clconae, Et Nelea Pylos, neque adhuc Pitthe'i'a Troezen, Quieque urbcs aliae bimari clauduntur ab Ifthmo, Exteriufqne fitas bimari fpedlantur ab Ifthmo. 420 Credere quis poffit ? foioe cefTaftis Athenae. Obftitit officio bellum, fubvedtaque ponto Barbara Mopfopios terrebant agmina muros. ThreYcius Tereus haec auxilraribus armis Fuderat; & clarum vincendo nomen habebat. 42 y Quern Hbi Pandion opibufque virifque potentem, Et genus a magno ducentem forte Gradivo, Connubio Procnes junxit. non pronuba Juno, Non Hymenaeus adeft, non illi Gratia ledto. Eumenides tenuere faces de funere raptas : 430 Eumenides ftravere torum : tedloque profanus Incubuit bubo, thalamique in culmine fedit. Hac ave conjundli Procne Tereufque ; parentes Hac ave funt fadii. gratata eft fcilicet illis Thracia : .Dxfque ipfi grates egere : diemque, 43J Quaque data eft claro Pandione nata tyranno, Quaque erat ortus Itys, feftam jufsere vocari. Ufcjue adeo latet uti/itas. Jam tempora Titan Quinque per autumnos repetiti duxerat anni; Cum blandita viro Procne, Si gratia, dixit, 44c Ulla mei eft, vel me vifendse mitte fo'rori, Vel fbror hue veniat. redituram tempore parvo Promittes focero. magni mihi numinis inftar Germanam vidifte dabxs. Jubet ille carihas In freta deduci: veioque & remige portus 44i Cecrojiois intrat; Pirseaque littora tangit. Vi: So METAMORPH. Ut primum foceri data copia, dextraque dextrse Jungitur ; infaufto committitur omine fermo. Cceperat, adventus caulT'am, mandata referre Conjugis ; & celeres mifTa? fpondere recurfus : 450 Ecce venit magno dives Philomela paratu ; Divitior forma : quales audire folemus NaVdas & Dryadas mediis incedere filvis : Si modd des illis cultus, fimilefque paratus. Non fecus exarfit confpe&a virgine Tereus; 4yy Qiiam fi quis canis ignem fupponat ariflis : Aut frondem, pofitafque cremet fcenilibus herbas. Digna quidem facies, fed & hunc innata libido ExlHmulat: pronumque genus regionibus iilis In Venerem eft. flagrat vitio gentifque fuoque. 460 Impetus eft illi, comitum corrumpere curam, Nutricifque fidem : nec non ingentibus ipfam Sollicitare datis ; totumque impendere regnum : Aut rapere, Sc fsvo raptam defendere bello. Et nihil eft, quod non efframo captus amore 465 Aufit; nec capiunt inclufas peiflora fiammas. Jamque moras male fert; cupidoque revertitur ore Ad mandata Procnes ; & agit fua vota fub illis. Eacundum faciebat amor, quotiefqoe rogabat Ulterius jufto ; Procnen ita voile ferebat. 470 Addidit Sc lachrymas ; tanquam mandaftet Sc illas. Pro fuperi, quantum mortalia pefiora cac.c Nottis habent! ipfo fceleris molimine I'ereus Creditur effe plus : laudemque a crimine fumit. Quid ? quod idem Philomela cupit: patriofque lacertis Bianda tenens humeros, ut eat vifura fororem, (475 Perque fuam, contraque fuam, petit ufque, falmem. Specftat earn Tereus ; praecontreclatque videndo : Ofculaque, Sc collo circumdata brachia cernens ; Omnia pro ftimulis, facibufque, ciboque furoris 480 Accipit. Sc qupties ampleditur ilia parentem ; Effe parens vellet: neque enim minus impius effet. Vincitur ambarum genitor prece. gaudet, agitque Ilia patri grates : Sc fuccefliffe duabus id putat infelix, quod erat lugubre duabus. 485 Jam labor exiguus Phoebo reftabat : equique Pulfabant pedibus fpatium dedivis Olympi. Regales • L I B. VI. FA B. IX. 8i Regales epulae menfis, & Bacchus in auro Ponitur. hinc placido dantur fua corpora fomno. At rex Odryfius, quamvis feceflit, in ilia 490 JEftuat: & repetens faciem, motufque, manufque, Qualia vult fingit, quae nondum vidit: & ignes Ipfe fuos nutrit, cura removente foporem. Lux erat: &, generi dextram complexus euntis, Pandion comitem lachrymis commendat obortis : 495 Hanc ego, care gener, quoniam pia cauffa coegit, [£t voluere ambae, voluifti tu quoque, Tereu,] Do tibi: perque fidem, cognataque peflora fupplex. Per Superos oro, patrio tuearis amore : Et mihi follicits lenimen dulce fenedtee joo Quamprimuni (omnis erit nobis mora longa) remittas. Tu quoque quamprimum, (fatis eft procul elle fororem) Si pietas ulla eft, ad me, Philomela, redito. Mandabat; pariterque fuse dabat ofcula natas: Et lachrj'inas mites inter mandata cadebant. 505 Utque fide pignus dextras utriufque popofcit; Inter feque datas junxit; natamque nepotemque Abfentes memori pr6 fe jubet ore falutent: Supremumque vale, pleno fingultibus ore, Vix dixit: timuitque fuse praefagia mentis. J10 At fimul impolita eft pidtse Philomela carinse ; Admotumque fretum remis, tellufque repulfa eft ; Vicimus, exclamat: mecum mea vota feruntur. Exfultatque animo, vix & fua gaudia differt Barbarus : & nufquam lumen detorquet ab ilia. 515 Non aliter, quam cum pedibus prsedator obuncis Depofuit nido leporem Jovis ales in alto : Nulla fuga eft capto : fpedtat fua praemia raptor. Jamque iter effedtum ; jamque in fua littora feflis Puppibus exierant: cum rex Pandione natam jjo In (tabula alta trahit, filvis obfcura vetuftis ; Atque ibi pallentem, trepidamque, & cundla timentem, Et jam cum lachrymis, tibi fit germana, rogantem, Includit: faftufque nefas, & virginem, & unam Vi fuperat: fruftra clamato faspe parente, 525 Saepe forore fua, magnis fuper omnia Divis. Ilia tremit, velut agna pavens, quae faucia cani Ore cxcuffa lupi, nondum fibi tuta videtur : Utque 32 METAMORPH. Utque columba, fuo madefaftis fanguine plumis> Horret adhuc, avidofque timet, quibus haeferat, ungues. Mox ubi mens rediit ; paflTos laniata capillos, fLugenti fimilis, caefis plangore lacertis,] Intendens palmas, Pro, diris, Barbate, fa<5Hs, Pro, crudelis, ait! nec te mandata parentis Cum lachrymis movere piis, nec cUra fororis, Nec mea virginitas, nec conjugalia jura ? Omnia turbafH. pellex ego fadta forori ; Tu geminis conjux. [non base mihi debita poena.] Quin animam banc (ne quod facinus tibi, perGde, reltet) Eripis ? atque utinam feciftes ante nefandos 540 Concubitus ! vacuas habuifiem criminis umbras. Si tamen haec Superi cernunt; G numina Divum Sunt aliquid ; G non perierunt omnia mecum ; Quandocunque mihi poenas dabis. ipfa, pudore Projedlo, tua fatta loquar. G copra detur, 545 In populos veniam : G Givis claufa tenebor, Implebo Glvas, & confcia faxa movebo. Audiat hsec aether, & G Deus ullus in illo eG. Talibus ira feri poftquam commota tyranni; Nec minor hac metuseft: caufsa Gimulatus utraque,5J© Quo fuit accindhis, vagina liberat enfem : Arreptamque coma, flexis poft terga lacertis, Vincla pati cogit. jugulum Philomela parabat; Spemque Grae mortis vifo conceperat enfe. Ille indignanti, & nomen patris ufque vocanti, JJJ- Euftantique loqui comprenfam forcipe linguam Abftulit enfe fero. radix micat ultima linguae. Ipfa jacet, terraeque tremens immurmurat atrse. Utque lalire folet mutilatae cauda colubrre, Palpitat, & moriens dominae veftigia quaerit. 560 Hoc quoque poft facinus (vix auGm credere) fertur Saepe fua lacerum repetiffe libidine corpus. Suftinet ad Procnen poft talia fafla reverti. Conjuge qua: vifo, germanam quaerit: at ille Dat gemitus Gdtos, commentaque funera narrat. $6$ Et lachrymae fecere Gdem. velamina Procne- Deripit ex humeris, auro fulgentia lato: Induiturque atras veftes : & inane fepulchrum Gonllituit r falfxfque piacttla manibus infert: Et- LIB. VI. Fab. IX. S3 Et Inget non fic lugendse fata fororis. 570 Signa Dens bis fex a<5to luftraverat anno. Quid facial Philomela ? fugam cuftodia claudit: Strutfa rigent folido flabulorum moenia faxo : Os mutum facti caret indice. Grande dolori Ingenium eft : mferifque venit filertia rebus. 575 Stamina barbarica fufpendit callida tela : Purpureafque notas filis intexuit albis ; Indicium fceleris: perfedtaque tradidit uni: Utque ferat dominae geltu rogat. ilia rogata Pertulit ad Procnen: nec fcit quid tradat in illis. 58© Evolvit velles faevi matrona tyranni: Germanasque fuse carmen miferabile legit : Et (mirum potuifle!) filet: dolor ora reprelfit: Verbaque quaerenti fatis indignantia lingua: ‘Defuerunt: nee Here vacat. fed fafque nefafque 585 Confufura ruit: pcenaque in imagine tota eft. Tempus erat, quo facra folent Trieterica Bacchi Sithonia: celebrare nurus. nox confcia facris. lsTo MET A MORPH. LIB. VII. 'Tafon aureum vellus auxilio Medex acquirens. Fab. I. JAmque fretum Minyas Pagafaea puppc fecabant, Perpetuaque trahens inopem fub node fenedtam Phineus vifus erat; juvenefque Aquilone creati Virgineas volucres miferi fenis orefugarant; iVfultaque perpeffi claro fub lafone, tandem j Conti' . LIB. VII. Fab. I. 87 Contigerant rapidas limoG Phafidos undas. Dumque adeunt regem, Phryxeaque vellera pofcunt ; Lexque datur numeris magnarum horrendalaborum ; Concipit interea validos Delias ignes : Et luflata diu, poGquam ratione furorem 10 Vincere non poterat; Fruftra, Medea, repugnaS; Nefcio quis Dens obftat, ait. mirumque, nili hoc ell, Aut aliquid certe fimile huic, quod amare vocatur. Nam cur juffa patris nimium mihi dura videntur ? Sunt quoque dura nimis. cur, quern modo denique vidi, Ne pereat, timeo ? quas tan-ti cauiFa tirnoris ? Excute virgineo conceptas pedlore flammas, Si potes, infelix. Si pojfem, fanior ejfem. Sed trahit imitam nova vis; aliudque Cupido, Mem aliudfuadet. video meliora, proboque : 20 Deteriora Jequor. quid in bofpite, regia virgo, Ureris? & thalamos alieni concipis orbis ? Htec quoque terra poteft, quod ames, dare, vivat, an ille Occidat, in Dis ell. vivat tamen. idque precari Vel fine amore licet, quid enim commifit lafon? 25 Quam, nifi crudelem, non tangat lafonis stas,' Et genus, & virtus ? quam non, ut csetera defint. Forma movere potell ? certe mea pe£tora movit. At, nifi opem tulero, taurorum afflabitur ore: Concurretque fuss fegeti, tellure creatis 30 Hoflibus : aut avido dabitur fera praeda draconi. Hoc ego fi patiar, turn me de tigride natam, Turn ferrum & fcopulos gellare in corde fatebor. Cur non & fpedto pereuntem ? oculofque videndo Confcelero ? cur non tauros exhortor in ilium, Terrigenafque feros, infopitumque draconcm? Di meliora velint. quanquam non ifta precanda, Sed facicnda mihi. prodamne ego regna Parentis, Atque ope nefcio quis fervabitur advena noftra, Ut per me fofpes, line me, det lintea ventis, 40 Virque fit alterius : poenae Medea relinquar ? Si facere hoc, aliamve poteft prceponere nobis, Occidat ingratus. fed non is vultus in illo, Non ea nobilitas aniroo e(t, ea gratia formas; Ut timeam fraudem, meritique oblivia noftri. Et dabit ant£ fidem: cogamque in foedera telles 45 H 2 Elfe §8 METAMORP Hi EfTc Dcos. quid tuta times ? accingere ; & omnenti Pelle moram. tibi fe femper debebit lafon, Te face folenni junget fibi: perque Pelafgas Servatrix urbes matrum celebrabere turba. 50 Ergo ego germanam, fratremque, patremque> Deofque, Et natale folum, ventis ablata, relinquam ? JsTempe pater fasvus, nempe eft mea barbara tellus, Frater adhuc infans : ftant mecum vota fororis. Maximus intra me Deus eft. non magna relinquam ; 55 Magna fequar; titulum fervatas pubis Achivae, Notitiamque loci melioris, & oppida, quorum Hie quoque fama viget, cultufque, artefque virorum : (^uemque ego cum rebus, quas totus poflidet orbis, Atfoniden mutaife velim : quo conjuge felix 6® Et Dis cara ferar, & verticc lidera tangam. Quid ? quod nefeio qui mediis concurrere in undis Dicuntur monies, ratibufque inimica C.harybdis, Nunc forbere fretum, nunc reddere ; cindlaque frevis Scylla rapax canibus Siculo latrare profundo ? 65 Nempe tenens quod amo, gremioque in lalbnis haerens. Per freta longa ferar. nihil ilium amplexa verebor : Aut, fi quid metuam, metuam de conjuge folo. Conjugiumne vocas, fpeciofaque nomina culpa: Imponis, Medea, tuae ? quin afpice quantum 70 Aggrediare nefas: &, dum licet, effuge crimen. Dixit: & ante oculos reiflum, pietafque, pudorque Conftiterant : & vi MET AM OR PH. LIB. XI. Ceyx & Halcyvne in Halcedones. Fab. X. INterea fratrifque fui, fratremque fecutis 41a Anxia prodigiis turbatus pedora Ceyx, Gonlulat vu facras, hominum obledaniina, fortes, Ad Clarium parat ire Deum : nam templa profanus Uivia cum Phlegyis faciebat Delphica Phorbas. GonfiliK LIB. XI. Fab. X. 91 ConGlii tamen ante fui, fidiffima, certain 4x5 Te facit, Halcyone. cui protinus intima frigus OiTa receperunt; buxoque fimillimus ora Pallor obit: lachrymifque gen$ maduere profulls. Ter conata loqui, ter fletibus ora rigavit: Singultuque pias interrumpente querelas, 42® Qua: mea culpa tuam, dixit, cariffime, mentem Vertit ? ubi eft, qua: cura mei prius dTe folebat ! Jam potes Halcyone fecurus abefTe relidta. Jam via longa placet, jam fum tibi carior abfens. At (puto) per terras iter eft, tantumque dolebo ; 425 Non etiam metuam ; curaeque timore carebunt. iEquora me terrent, & ponti triftis imago. Et laceras nuper tabulas in littore vidi, Et faepe in tumulis fine corpore nomina legi. Neve tuum fallax animum fidacia tangat ; 430 Quod focer Hippotades tibi fit; qui carcere fortes Contineat ventos; &, cum velit, asquora placet. Cum femel emifii tenuerunt aequora venti ; Nil illis vetitum eft ; incommendataque tellus Omnis, & dmne fretum. coeli quoque nubila vexant; Excutiuntque feris rutilos concurfibus ignes. (43$ Quo magis hos novi, (nam novi, & faepe paterna Parva domo vidi,) magis hoc reor effe timendos. Quod tua fi fledti precibus fententia nullis. Care, poteft, conjux ; nimiumquees certus eundi; 440 Me quoque tolle fimul. certe jaflabimur una : Nec, nifi quae patiar, metuam : pariterquc feremus Quicquid erit: parirer fuper aequora lata feremur. Talibus jEolidos didtis lachrymifque movetur Sidereus.conjux : neque enim minor ignis in ipfo eft, 445 Sed neque propofitos pelagi dimittere curfus, Nec vult Halcyonen in partem adhibere pericli Multaque refpondit, timidum folantia pedtus* Nec tamen idcirco caulfam probat. addidit illis Hoc quoque lenimen, quo folo flexit amantem : 4JO Longa quidem nobis omnis mora fed tibi juro Per patrios ignes (fi me modd fata remittent) Ante reverfurum, quam Luna bis impleat orbem. His ubi promiflis fpes eft admota recursus ; Protinus eduftam navalibus tequore tingi, 4.J- Aptarique 92 M E T A M O R P H. Aptarlque fuis pinum jubet armamentis. Qua rurfus visa, veluti prcefaga futuri, Horruit Haleyone : lachrymafque emifit obortas : Amplexufque dedit: triftique miferrima tandem Ore, Vale, dixit: collapfaque corpore tota eft. 460 Aft juvenes, quasrente moras Ceyce, reducunt Ordinibas geminis ad fortia pedtora remos: JEqualique idlu .fcindunt freta. fuftulit ilia Humentes oculos; ftantemque in puppe recurva,. Concufsaque manu dantem fibi figna maritum 465 Prima videt: redditque notas. ubi terra receflit Longius, atque oculi nequeunt cognofcere vultus ; Dum licet, infequitur fugientem lumine pinum. Hasc quoque ut baud poterat, fpatio fubmota, videri; Vela tamen fpedtat fummo fluitantia malo. 470 Ut nec vela videt; vacuum petit anxia ledhim : Seque toro ponit. renovat ledtufque locufque Halcyonae lachrymas : & quas pars, admonet, abfit. Portubus exierant; & moverat aura rudentes ; Obvertit kteri pendcntes navi-ta remos : 475^ Cornuaque in fumma .local arbore ; totaque malo Carbafa deducit; venientcfque accipit auras. Aut minus, aut certd medium non amplius asquor Puppe fecabatur ; longeque erat utraque tellns ; Cum mare fub hodlem tumidis albefcere coepit 480 Fiudlibus ; & praeceps fpirare valentius Eurus. Ardua, jamdudum, demittite cornua, reflor Glamat; & antennis totum fubnedite velum. Hie jubet ; impediant adverfe juffa procellae; Nec ftnit audiri vocem fragor tequoris ullam. 48^ - Sponte tamen properant alii fubducere remos Pars munire latus ; pars ventis vela negare. Egerit hie fludus ; aequorque refundit in asquor : Hie rapit antennas, quae dum fine lege gernntur ; Afpera crefcit hyems ; omnique e parte feroces 490 Bella gerunt venti; fretaque indignantia mifeent. Jpfe pa vet; nec fe, qui fit ftatus, ipfe fatetur Scire ratis redor; nec quid jubeatve, vetctve: Tanta mali moles, totaque potentior arte eft. Quippe fonant clamore viri, ftridore rudentes, 495 Undarum incurfu gravis unda, tonitribus aether. Fludibui L I B. XI. Fab. X. 93 Flu&ibus erigitur, ccelamque square videtur Pontus; & induftas afpergine tingere nubes^ Et modo, cum fulvas ex imo verrit arenas, Goncolor eft illis ; Stygia modd nigrior unda : JOO Sternitur intcrdum, fpumifque fonantibus albet. Ipfa quoque his agitur vicibus Trachinia puppis: Et modd fublimis, vcluti de vertice montis, Defpicere in valles, imumque Acheronta videtur: Nunc, ubi demillam curvum circumftetit squor, 50J Sufpicere inferno fummum de gurgite ccelum. Sspe dat ingentem fluiftu latus ifta fragorem : Nec levius pulfata fonat, quam ferreus olim Cum laceras aries balliftave concutit arces. Utque folent, fumtis in curfu viribus, ire 510 Pedtore in arma feri, prstentaque tela leones ; Sic ubi fe vcntis admiferat unda coortis, Ibat in arma ratia; multoque erat altior illis. Jamque labant cunei, fpoliataque tegmine cers Rima patet; prsbetque viam letalibus undis. 515 Ecce cadunt largi refolutis nubibus imbres : Inque fretum credas totum defcendere coelum : Inque plagas coeli tumefaftum afcendere pontura. Vela madent nimbis ; & cum cosleftibus undis ^Iquores mifcentur aqus- caret ignibus sther ; 520 Cscaque nox premitur tenebris hyemifque fuifque. Difcutiunt tamen has, prsbentque micantia lumen Fulmina : fulmineis ardefcunt ignibus unds. Dat quoque jam faltus intra cava texta carins Fludtus: 8c, ut miles, numero prsftantior omni, 525 Cum fspe afliluit defenfs moenibus urbis, Spe potitur tandem ; laudifque accenfus amore Inter mille viros, murum tamen occupat unus. Sic ubi pulsarunt acres latera ardua ftuflus, Vaftius infurgens decims ruit impetus unds: 530- Nec prius abllftit felfam oppugnare carinam, Quam vclut in capts defcendat moenia navis. Pars igitur tentabat adhuc invadere pinum; Pars maris intus erat. trepidant baud fecius omnes, Quam folet urbs, aliis murum fodientibus extra, 535 Atque aliis murum, trepidare, tenentibus intus. Deficit ars: aninjiquc cadunt: totidemque videntur, Quat. 94 METAMORPH. Quot veniant fludlus, ruere atque irrumpere mortes. Non tenet hie laebrymas; ftupet hie : vocat ille beatos, Funera quos maneant: hie votis numen adorat: 540 Brachiaque ad ccelum, quod non videt, irrita tollens Pofcit opem : fubeunt illi fratrefque parenfque ; Huic cum pignoribus domus, Sc quod cuiq; reliftum eft. Halcyone Ceyca movet: Ceycis in ore Nulla nifi Halcyone eft: Sc, cum delideret unam, 54s Gaudet abefte tamen. patrias quoque vellet ad oras Refpicere, inque domum fupremos vertere vultus. Verum ubi fit nefeit. tanta vertigine pontus Fervet : Sc indufta piceis e nubibus umbra Omne latet ccelum : duplicataque nofHs imago eft. jyo Frangitur incurfu nimbofi turbinis arbos : Frangitur Sc regimen : fpoliifque animofa fuperftans Unda, velut viftrix* finuataa defpicit undas. Nee levius, quam fi qnis Athon, Pindumve, revulfos Sede fua, totos in apertum everterit aequor, jjy Praecipitata ruit : pariterque Sc pondere Sc iftu Mergit in ima ratem. cum qua pars magna virorum Gurgite prefta gravi-, neque in aera reddita, fato Funfta fuo eft. alii partes Sc membra carinae Trunca tenent. tenet ipfe manu, qua feeptra folebat, 560 Fragmina navigii Ceyx: focerumque patremque Invocat (heu !) frullra. fed plurima nantis in ore Halcyone conjux. illam meminitque refertque ; Illius ante oculos ut agant fua corpora fludfus, Optat; Sc exanimis manibus tumuletur amicis. 56^ Dum natat; abfentem, quoties finit hifeere fludlus, Nominat Halcyonen, iplifque immurmurat undis. Ecce fuper medios fludlus niger arcus aquarum Frangitur: Sc rupta merfum caput obruit unda. Lucifer obfeurus, nec quern cognofcere polfes, 570 Ilia nodte fuit : quoniamque excedere Olympo Non licuit, denlis texit fua nubibuaora. ^olis interea tantorum ignara malorum Dinumerat nodes : Sc jam, quas induat ille, Feftinat veftes; jam quas, ubi venerit ille, 575 • Ipfa gerat: reditufque fibi promittit inanes. Omnibus ilia quidem Superis pia thura ferebat: Ante tamcn cundos Junonis templa colebat: Proquer L I B. XI. Fab. X. 95 Proque viro, qui nullus erat, vcniebat ad aras. Utque foret fofpes conjux fuus, utque rediret, 580 Optabat; nullamque fibi praeferret. at illi Hoc de tot votis poterat contingere folum. At Dea non ultra pro fundto morte rogari Suftinet; utque manus funeftas arceat aris; Iri, meae, dixit, fidiflima nuncia vocis, 585: Vife foporiferam Somni vdociter aulam : Extindlique jube Ceycis imagine mittat Somnia ad Halcyonen, veros narrantia cafus : Dixerat. induitur velamina mille colorum Iris, & arquato coelum curvamine fignans 590 Tedta petit jufli fub rupe latentia regis. Eft prope Cimmerios longo fpelunca receftu, Mons cavus, ignavi domus & penetralia Somni: Quo nunquam radiis oriens, mediufve, cadenfve Phoebus adire poteft. nebulae caligine miftae yqy Exhalantur humo: dubiaeque crepufcula lucis. Non vigil ales ibi criftati cantibus oris Evocat Auroram: nec voce filentia rumpunt Sollicitive canes, canibufve fagacior anfer. Non fera, non pecudes, non moti flamine rami, 600 Humanaeve fonum reddunt convicia linguae. Muta quies habitat, faxo tamen exit ab imo Rivus aquae Lethes: per quern cum murmure labens Invitat fomnos crepitantibus unda lapillis. Ante fores antri foecunda papavera florent, 605 Innumeraeque herbae: quarum de ladle foporem Nox legit, & fpargit per opacas humida terras. Janua, quae verfo ftridorem cardine reddat, Nulla domo tota ; cuftos in limine nullus. At medio torus eft, ebeno fublimis in atra, 610 Plumeus, atricolor, pullo velamine tedhis : Quo cubat ipfe Deus, membris languore folutis. Hunc circa paffim, varias imitantia formas, Somnia vana jacent totidem, quot meftis ariftas, Silva gerit frondes, ejedtas littus arenas. 615 Quo fimul intravit, manibufque obftantia virgo Somnia dimovit; veftis fulgore reluxit Sacra domus : tardaque Deus gravitate jacentes Vis oculos tollens ; iterumque iterumque relabens, Summaque 96 METAMORPH. Summaque percutiens nutanti peftora mento, 62* Excuffit tandem fibi fe : cubi toque levatus. Quid veniat (cognorat enim) fcitatur. At ilia: Somne, quies rerum, placidiflime Somne Deorum, Pax animi, quern cura fugit.; qui corda diurnis TefTa minilteriis mulces, reparafque labor!; 625 Somnia, qua: veras sequent imitamine formas, Herculea Trachine jube, fub imagine regis, Halcyonen adeant; fimulacraque naufraga fingant. Imperat hoc Juno. Poftquam mandata peregit Iris, abit. neque enim ulterius tolerare vaporis 630 Vim poterat. labique ut Somnum fenfit in artus : Effugit; & remeat per quos modb venerat arcus. At pater e populo natorum mille fuorum Excitat artificem, fimulatoremque figurse, Morphea, non illo julTos folertius alter 633 Exprimit inccffus, vultumque modumque loquendi. Adjicit Sc veltes, & confuetiffima cuique Verba, fed hie folos homines imiratur : at alter Fit fera, fit volucris, fit longo corpore ferpens. Hunc Icelon Superi, mortale Phobetora vulgus 64G Is'ominat. eit etiam diverfae tertius artis Phantafos. ille in humum,faxumq; undamq; trabemque, Quaeque vacant aaima feliciter omnia tranfit. Regibus hi, ducibusque fuos oltendere vultus Flofte folent: popu’os alii plebemque pererrant. 64J Preterit hos fenior: cundtifque e fratribus unum Morphea, qui peragat Thaumantidos edita, Somnus Eligit: & rurfus molli languore folutum Depofuitque caput, liratoque recondidit alto. Ille volat, nullos ftrepitus facientibus alis, 65® Per tenebras: intraque moroe breve tempus in urbem Pervenit jEmoniam ; pofitifque e corpore pennis In faciem Ceycrs abit: formaque fub ilia Luridus, exfangui fimilis : fine veftibus ullis, Conjugis ante torum miferae ftetit. uda videtur 653 Barba viri, madidifque gravis fluere unda capillis. Turn ledto incumbens, fletu luper ora refufo, Haecait: agnofeis Ceyca, miferrima conjux ? An mea mutata eft facies nece ? refpice; nofees : Inveniefque tuo pro conjuge conjugis umbrani. 660 Nil L 1 B. XI. FAB. X. "97 Mil Qpis, Halcyone, nobis tua vota tulerunt. Occidimus. falfae tibi me promittere noli. Nubilns j^-’gaeo deprcndit in asquore navim /lufter, & ingenti jaftatam flamine folvit: Oraque noftra tuum frultra clamantia nomen, 66$ Jmplerunt fludtus. non hsec tibi nunciat au&or Ambiguus : non ifta vagis rumoribus audis. Ipfe ego fata tibi pnefens mea naufragus edo. Surge, age: da lachrymas; lugubriaque indue: necme Indeploratum fub inania Tartara mitte. 67« Adjicit his vocem Morpheus, quam conjugis ilia Crederet efle fui. fletus quoque fundere veros Vrfus erat: geftumque manus Geycis habebant. Ingemit Halcyone lachrymans, motatque lacertos Per fomnum : corpufque petens ample&itur auras: 6j$ Exclamatque, Mane. M ET AM O RPH. LIB. XIII. Cert amen inter Ajacem Hunc ego fanguineae fucceffu cxdis ovantem 85 Cominus ingenti refupinum pondere fudi. Hunc ego pofeentem, cum quo concurreret, unus Suftinui : fortemque meam voviftis, Achivi: E? vellr.x valuere preces. II quaerltis hujus Fortun&m pugnae; non fum fuperatus ab illo. 90 Ecce ferunt Troes ferrumque, ignemque, Jovemque In Danaas clafTes. ubi nunc facundus Ulyfles? Mempe ego mille meo protexi pedtore puppes, Spem vdlri reditus. date tofpro navibus arma. Quod fi vera licet mihi dicere ; qusritur iltis, qy Quam mihi,major honos : conjtindaque gloria noflradlj, Atque Ajax armis, non Ajaci arma petuntur. Conferat his Ithacus Rhefum, imbellemque Dolona, Pffemidenque Helenam rapta cum Pallade captum. Luce nihil geftum, nihil eft Diomede remote : 100 Si femel ilia datis meritis tam vilibus arma ; Dividite : 5c major pars fit Diomedis in illis. Quo tamen hasc Ithaco ? qui clam, qui femper inermis Rdm gerit; & furtis incautum decipit hofterh ? Ipfe nitor galese claro radiantis ab auro, *°J Infidias prodet, manifedabitque latentem. Sed neque Dulichius fub Achiiiis caffide vertex Pondera tanta feret. nec non onerofa gravifque Pdlias die poteft imbellibus hafta laccrtis. Mec clypeus, vafti cselatus Imagine mundi, no Cvnyeaiet timid^, nataeque ad furta finiftrs, 13 Debili% 10* METAMORPH. Debilitatunim quid te petis, improbc, munus ? Quod tibi fi populi donaverit error Achivi ; Cur fpolieris, erit; non, cur metuaris ab hofte. Et fuga (qua fola cunftos, timidiflime, vincis) iif Tarda futura tibi eft, geftamina tanta trahenti. Adde, quod ifte tuus, tam rard prselia paflus, Integer eft clypeus. noftro, qui tela ferendo Mille patet plagis, novus eft fuccedbr habendus. Denique, quid verbis opus eft ? fpeftemur agendo: 120- Arma viri fortis medios mittantur in holies ; Inde jubete peti: & referentem ornate relatis. Finierat Tclamone fatus ; vtflgique fecutum Ultima murmur erat : donee Laertius heros Adftitit: atque oculos paullum tellure moratos 125 Suftulit ad proceres ; exfpedatoque refolvit Ora fono : neque abeft facundis gratia diftis. Si mea cum veftris valuiftent vota, Pelafgi, Kon foret ambiguus tanti certaminis hares : Tuque tuis armis, nos te poteremur, Achiile. 130 Quern quoniam non aqua mihi vobifque negarunt Fata ; (manuque fimu! veluti lachrymantia terlit JLumina) quis magno melius fuccedat Achilti ; Qurim per quern magnus Danais fucceftit Achilles ? Huic modo ne profit, quod, ut eft, hebes effe videtur; Neve mihi noceat, quod vobis Temper, Achivi, Profuit ingenium : meaque haec facundia, fi qua eft. Quae nunc pro domino, pro vobis fiepe locuta eft, Invidia careat: bona nec fua qnifque recufet. Nam genus, proavos, fa qua non fecimus ipji, 140 Vix ea noflra voco. fed enim, quia rettulit Ajax Efte jovis pronepos, noftri quoque fanguinis auiftor Jupiter ell. totidemque gradus diftamus ab illo. Nam mihi La 'rtcs pater eft, Arcefius illi, Jupiter huic : neque in his quifquam damnatus & exuh; Eli quoque per matrem Cyllenius addita nobis Altera nobilitas Detis eft in utroque parente. Sed neque materno quod Turn generolior ortu, Nec mild quod pater eft fraterni fanguinis infons, Prop' fita arma peto : meritis expendite caulfam. IJO Dum mo do, quod fratres Telamon Peleufque fuerunt, Aiacis meritum non fit: nec fitnguinis ordo, Sed/: LIB. XIII. Fab. I. 103^ Sed virtutis honos fpoliis qusratur in iftis. Aut ii proximitas primufque requiritur hseres; Eft genitor Peleus, eft Pyrrhus filius illi. Quis locus Ajaci ? Phthiam Scyronve ferantur TsTec minus eft ifto Teucer patruelis Achilli. Mum petit ille tamen, num fperat ut auferat arma ? Ergo operum quoniam nudum certamen habetur ; Plura quidem feci, quam quae comprendere didtis 16a In promtu mihi fit. rerum tamen ordinfe ducar. Praefcia venturi genitrix Nereia leti Diftimulat cultu natum. deceperat omnes, In quibus Ajacem, fumta; fallacia veftis. Arma ego foemineis, animura motura virilem, 165 Mercibus inferui. neque adhuc projecerat heros Virgineos habitus, cum parmam hallamque tenenti, Nate Dea, dixi ; tibi fe peritura refervant Pergama. quid dubitas ingentem evertere Trojam ? Injecique manum ; fiirtemque ad fortia mifi. 170 Ergo opera illius mea fun*, ego Telephon hafta Pugnantem doniui: vidtum orantemque refeci. Qtidd Thebse cecidere, meum eft. me credite Lesbon, Me Tenedon, Chryfenque, & Cyllan, Apollinis tubes, Et Syron cepifte: mea eoneufta putate jyy Procubuifte folo Lyrnefia moenia dextra. Utque alias taceam ; qui fievum perdere poftct Hedlora, nempe dedi. per me jacet inclytus Hedtor. Illis hcec armis, quibus eft inventus Achilles, Arma peto. vivo dederam, poll fata repofco. x8o Ut dolor unius Danaos pervcnit ad omnes, Aulidaque F.uboYcam complerunt mille carinte ; Exfpedlata diu, nulla, aut contrana clafti, Flamina funt: dursque jubent Agamernnona fortes Immeritam fasvas n tarn madlare Diante. 185 Denegat hoc genitcr : Divifque irafcitur ipfis: Atque in rege tamen pater eft. ego mite parentis Ir genium verbis ad publica commoda verti. Nunc cquidem fateor, faffoque ignofcat Atrides ; Difficilcm tenui fub iniquo judicc cauftam. 190 Hunc tamen utilitas populi, fraterque, datique Summa movet fceptri ; laudem ut cum fanguine penfet. -ftlittor & ad matrem : qu* non hortanda, fed aftu Dcci- ic '4' MET A M O R PH. Decipienda fuit. quo fl Telamonius nTet, Orba fu s elTent etiamnum lintea ventis.1" 19j Mittor & Iliacas audax orator ad arces : Vifaque & intrata eft alta; mihi curia Troja;. Plenaque adhuc erat ilia viris. interritus egi, Quam mihi mandarat communis Gracia, caulTam : Accufoque Parin: prEdamque, Helenamque repofco : 200 Et moveo Priamum, Priamoque Antenora junftum. At Paris, &■ fratres, & qui rapuere fub illo, Vix tenuere manus (fcis hoc, M'enelae,) nefandas; Primaque lux noltri tecum fuit ilia pericli. Longa referre mora eft, quae confilioquff manuque 205 Utiliter feci fpatiofi tempore belli. Poll acies primas, urbis fe mcenibus hoftes Continuere diu ; nee aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit. decimo demum pugnavimus anno. Quid facis interea, qui nil nifi praelia nofti ? 210 Quis tuns ufus erat ? nam ft mea fa PRoxima Pha:acum felicibus obfita pomis Rura petunt. Epiros ab his, regnataque vati 720 Buthrotos Phrygio, hmulataque Troja tenentur. Inde futurorum certi,' quje cunfla fideli Priamides Hclenus monitu prsdixerat, intrant Sicaniam. tribus haec excurrit in squora linguis : E quibus imbriferos obvcrfa Pachynos ad Auftros : 725 Mollibus expofitum Zephyris Lilybaeon: at Ar M E T A M O R P H. L I B. XV. Pytbacrorz oratio, ab efu carnlum dchortans, . Fab. II. VIr fuit hie, ortu Samlus : fed fugerat tma 60 F.t Samon 8c dominos ; odioque tyrannidis exful $ponte erat, ilque, licet cceli regione remotos, Mente Deos adiit: 8c, qua; natura negabat Vifibus humanis, oculis ea peftoris haufit., •Ciimque animo, 8c vigili perfpexerat omnia cura ; 65 In medium difeenda dabat: ceetufque filentum, Diftaque mirantum, magni primordia mundi, F.t rerum caulfas, Sc quid natura, docebatc Qj*id Deus : unde nives : quae fulminis effet origo 5 Jupiter, an venti, difeufsa nube tonarent •, . 70 Quid quateret terras : qua fickra lege mearent; Et quodcunque latet. primufque animalia menfis Arcuit imponi.: primus qnoque talibus ora 114 M E T A M O R P H. Do£ta quidem folvit, fed non & credita, verbis: Parcite, mortales, dapibus temerare nefandis 75 Corpora, funt fruges : funt deducentia ramos Pondere poma fuo, tumidaeque in vitibus nvoe : Sunt herbs dulces : funt, quae mitefcere flamma, Mollirique queant. nec vobis la&eus humor Eripitur, nec mella thymi redolentia florenr. 80 Prodiga divitias alimentaque mitia tellus Suggerit: atque epulas fine caede & fanguine praebet^ Carne ferae fedant jejunia : nec tamcn omnes. Quippe equus, & pecudes,armentaquegramine vivunt. At quibus ingenium eft immanfuetnmque ferumque, 8j Armenixque tigres, iracundique leones, Cumque lupis urfi, dapibus cum fanguine gaudent. Heu quantum fcelus eft, in vifcera vifcera condi, Congeftoque avidum pinguefcere corpore corpus ; Alteriufque animantem animantis vivere leto ! 90 Scilicet in tantis opibus, quas optima matrum Terra parit, nil te nifi triftia mandere ftevo Vulnera dente juvat, ritufque referre Cyclopum ? Nec, nifi perdideris alium, placare voracis, . £t male morati poteris jejunia ventris ? • qj At vetus ilia aetas, cui fecimus- Aurea nomen, Foetibus arboreis, &, quas humus educat, herbis, Fortunata fuit: nec polluit ora cruore. Tunc & aves tutae movere per aera pennas ; Et lepus impavidus mediis erravit in agris : 100 Nec fua credvrlitas pifcem' fufp'enderat hamb : Cundta fine infi'diis, nullamque timentia fraudcm, Plenaque pacis erant. pollquam non utilis auftor Vidlibus invidit, (quifquis fuit ille virorum) Corporeafqne dapes avidam demerfit in alvum ; 105 Fecit iter fceleri : primaque e caede ferarum Incaluilfe putem maculatum fanguine ferrum : Jdque fatis fuerat: neftrumque petentia letum Corpora milla neci falva pietate fatemur : Sed quamdanda ncci, tarn non epulanda fuerunt. H« Longius inde nefas abiit: & prima putatur Hoftia fus meruilfe mori; quia femina pando Eruerit roftro, fpemque interceperit anni. Vite caper morsa Bacchi maftandus ad aras Duci^ LIB. XV. Fab. II. 115 Dncitur ultoris. nocuit fua culpa duobus. 115 Quid meruiftis oves, placidum pccus, inque tuendos Natum homines, pleno qua; fertis in ubere neftar ! Mollia quas nobis vdtras velamina lanas Prasbetis : vitaque magis quam morte juvatis. Quid meruere boves, animal fine fraude dolifque, 120 Innocuum, fimplex, natum tolefare labores ? Immemor eft demum, nec frugum munere dignus, Qui potuit curvi demto mode pondere aratri Ruricolam madare fuum : qui trita labore Ilia, quibus toties durum renovaverat arvum, 125 Tot dederat meftes, percuflit colla fecuri. >Jec*fatis eft, quod tale nefas committitur: iplbs Infcripfere Decs feeler!: numenque fupernum Caede laboriferi credunt gaudere juvenci. Vidtima labe carens, & praftantiflima forma, 130 (Nam placuifte nocet) vittis praefignis & auro, Siftitur ante aras ; auditque ignara precantem : Imponique fuse videt inter cornua front!, Quas coluit fruges : percuftaque fanguine cullros Inficit in liquida prsevifbs forfitan unda. 13^ Protinus ereptas viventi pedtore fibras Infpiciunt: mentefque Deum ferutantur in illis. Unde fames homini vetitorum tanta ciborum ? Audetis vefei, genus 6 mortale ? quod, oro, Me facite: & monitis animos advertite noftris. i/lq Cumque bourn dabitis cseforum membra palato ; Mandere vos veftros feite & fentite colonos. £t quoniam Deus ora movet; fequar ora moventem Rite Deum ; Delphofque meos, ipfumque recludam ALthera ; & auguftas referabo oracula mentis. 145 Magna, nec ingeniis eveftigata priorum, Quseque diu latuere, canam. juvat ire per alta Aftra : juvat, terris & inerti fede reli Euphgrbus H 6 M E T A M O R P H. Euphorbus in Pythagoram, 6- quod cunda rerum temporibus mutentur. Fab. III. O Genus attonitum gelid* forraidine mortis ! Quid Styga, quid tencbras, quid nomina vana Materiem vatum, falfique piacula mundi ? [timetis, Corpora five rogus flamma, leu tabe vetuftas Abltulerit, mala poffe pati non ulla putetis. Morte carent animas: f^mperque, priore relitfa Sode, novis habitant domibus vivuntque recept*. Ipfe ego (nam memini) Trojani tempore belli 16# Panthoides Euphorbus eram : cui peflpre quondanr Sedit in adyerfo gravis hafia n>in.oris Atrid*. i Cognovi clypeum, lasv* geftamina nollrae, Nuper Abanteis templo Junonis in Argis. Omnia mutantur,: nihil interit. errat, & illinc 165 Hue venit, hinc illuc, & quoflibet occupat artus Spiritus: eque feris Humana in corp.ora tranfit, Inque feras nofter ; nec tempore deperit ullo. Ufeque novis fragilis fignatur cera figuris, Nec manet ut fuerat, nec formas fervat eafdem ; 170 Sed tamen ipfa eadem eft : animam lie Temper eandem Efte, fid in varias doceo migrare figuras. . Ergo, ne pietas fit vi&a cupidine ventris, Parcite (vaticinor) cognatas caede nefanda Exturbare animas : nec fanguine fanguis alatur. 175 Et quoniam magno feror asquore, plenaque ventis 'Vela dedi ; nihil eft toto quod perftet in orbe. Cuncfta fluunt : omnifque vagans formatur im.ago^. Jpfa quoque afliduo labuntur tempora motu Non fecus ac flumen. neque enim confiftere flumen, 18© Nec levis hora poteft ,: fed m noda impellitur iinda, 'Urgeturque prior veniente, urgetque prioreni ”, Tempore fic fugiunt pariter, pariterque fequuntur: Et nova funt Temper, nam-quod fuit ante, relidlum eftj Eitque,q.uod baud fuerat; momentaque cundanovantur, Cernis & emerlas in lucem tendere nodes: Et jubar hoc nitidum nigrx fuccedere nodi. Nec color eft idem ccelo, cum lafta quiete ‘Cuncfta jacent media; cumque albo Lucifex exit iOaruft L I B. XV. Fab. III. 117 Clarus equo : rurfumque alius, cum prasvialuci 190 Tradendum Phcebo Palantias inficit orbem. Ipfe Dei clypeus, terra cum tollitur ima, Manerubet: terraque, rubet, cum conditur ima : Candidus in fummo eft. melior natura quod illic Aitheris eft, terrasque procul contagia vitat. ['l95 Nec par aut cadem nodtuma forma Dianas Eife poteft unquam : femperque hodierna fequente, Si crefcit, minor eft; major, ft contrabit orbem. Quid ? non in fpecies fuccedere quatuor annum Adfpicis, astatis peragentem imitamina noftras? 200 Nam tener, & ladlens, puerique fimillimus svo Vere novo eft. tunc herba nitens, & roboris expers Turget, & infolida eft; & fpe deledtat agreftem. Omnia turn florent ; florumque coloribus aimus Ridet ager: neque adhuc virtus in frondibus ulla eft. 205 Tranfit in iEftatem, poft Ver, robuftior annus : Fitque valens juvenis. neque enim robuftior astas Ulla, necuberior: nec, quas magis aeftuet, ulla eft. Excipit Autumnus, polito fervore juventas Maturus, mitifque inter juvenemque fenemque ; 210 Temperie medius, fparfis per tempora canis. Inde fenilis Hyems tremulo venit horrida paftii; Aut fpoliata fuos, aut, quos habet, alba capillos. Noftra quotjue ipforum lemper, requieque line ulla, Corpora vertuntur : nec, quod fuimufve, fumufve, 215 Cras erimus. fuit ilia dies, qua femina tantum, Spefque hominum primas materna habitavimus alvo. Artifices Natura manus admovit: & angi Corpora vifeeribus diftentse condita matris Noluit; eque domo vacuas emifit in auras. 220 Editus in lucent jacuit fine viribus infans: Mox quadrupes, rituque tulit fua membra ferarum: Paullatimque tremens, & nondum poplite firmo Conftitit, adjutis aliquo conamine nervis. Inde valens veloxque fuit: fpatiumque juventce 22$ Tranftt: &, emenfis medii quoque temporis annis, Labitur occiduas per iter declive fenedtse. Subruit base sevi demoliturque prioris Robora : fletque Milon fenior, cum fpedtat inanes Illos, qui fuerant folidorum mole tororum 230 Hercu- 118 METAMORFfi. Herculeis fimiles, fluidos pendere lacertos. Flet quoque, ut in fpeculo rugas adfpexit aniles, Tyndaris ; & fecum, cur fit bis rapta, requirit. Tempus edax rerum, tuque invidiofa vetufias, Omnia deftruitis : vitiataque dentibus asvi 235 Paullatim lenta confumitis omnia morte. Hsec quoque non perftant, quas nos elementa vocamus, Quafque vices peragant, (animos adhibete) docebo. Element or uni inutationes, & aquz in terras, monies in valles, &• contra. Fab. IV. QUatuor oeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet. Ex illis duo funt onerofa, fuoque 240 i'ondere in inferius, tellus atque unda, feruntur: Et totidem gravitate carent : nulloque premente Alta petunt, aer, atque acre purior ignis. Quae quanquam fpatio diftant; tamen omnia Hunt Ex ipfis ; & in ipfa cadunt. refolutaque tellus 24$. In liquidas rorefcit aquas: tenuatus in auras Aeraque humor abit: demto quoque pondere rurfus In fuperos aer tenuifiimus cmicat ignes. Inde retro redeunt: idemqoe retexitur ordb. Ignis enim denfum fpiflatus in aera tranfit; 250 Hie in aquas : tellus glomerata cogitur unda. Nee fpecies fua cuique manet. rerumque novatrix Ex aliis alias reparat Natura figuras. Nec perit in tanto quidquam (mihi credite) mnndo ; Sed variat, faciemque novat: nafeique vocatur, 255 Incipere efie aliud, quam quod fuit ante ; morique Definere illud idem, cum lint hue forfitan ilia, Haec tranflata illuc ; fumma tamen omnia conllant. Nil rquidem durare diu fub imagine eadem Crediderim. fic ad ferrum veniftis ab auro 260 Secula. fic toties verfa es, Fortuna locorum. Yidi ego, quod fucrat quondam folidiffima tellus, Efie fretum. vidi faftas ex aequore terras: Kt procul a pelago conchse jacuere marinae: Et vetus inventa ell in montibus anchora fummis ; 265 Qpodque fu.it campus, vallem decurfus aquarum LIB. XV. Fab. XLIII. 119 Fecit: & eluvie mons eft dedu Roma ab JEnea fundata. Fab. XLIII. Unc quoque Dardaniam fama eft confurgere Ro* N mam Appenninigeiiae quae proxima Tybridis undis, Mole fub ingenti rerum fundamina ponit, Haec igitur formam crefcendo mutat j & olim Immenfi caput orbis erit. (ic dicere vates, 435 Faticmafque ferunt fortes : quantumque recorder, Priamides Heienus flenti, dubioque falutis, Dixerat iEneae, cum res Trojana labaret: 7vTate dea, -fi nota fatis praefagia noftrae Mentis habes ; non tota cadet, te folpite, Troja. 440 Flamma tibi ferrumque dabunt iter : ibis; & una pergama rapta feres : donee Trojaeque tibique Externum patrio contingat amicius arvum. Urbem & jam cerno Phrygios debere nepotes ; Quanta nec eft, nec erit, nec vifa prioribus annis. 44S Hanc alii proceres per fecula longa potentem, Sed dominam rerum de fanguine natus liili Efficiet. quo, cum tellus erit ufa, fruentur jEtheriae fedes : coelumque erit exitus illi. Hsec Helenum cecinilfe Penatigero .Enese, 450 Mente memor refero : cognataque mcenia Iietor Crefcere ; & utiliter Phrygibus viciffe Pelafgos. Ne tamen oblitis ad metam tendere longe Exfpatiemur equis ; coelum, & quodcunque fub illo eft, Immutat formas:, tellufque, & quicquid in ilia eft. 455 Nos quoque pars mundi, (quoniam non corpora folum, Verum etiam volucres animse fumus, inque ferinas Polfumus ire domos, pecudumque in pedtora condi) Corpora, quae pollint animas habuilfe parentum, Aut fratrum, aut aliquo jundtorum foedere nobis, 460 Aut hominum certe, tuta efl'e & honefta finamus: Neve 120 METAMORPH. Neve Thyefteis cumulemur vifcera mends. Quam male confuefcit, qu'im fe parat ille^uori Impius humano ; vituli qui guttura cultro Rumpit; & immotas prabet mugitibus aures ! 465 Aut qui vagitus dmiles pucrilibus hasdum Edentem jugulare poteft ; aut alite vefci, Cui dedit iple cibos ! quantum eft, quod defit in iftis, Ad plenum facinus! quo tranfitus inde paratur! !Bos aret; aut mortem fenioribus imputet annis : ’ 470' Horriferum contra Korean ovis arma miniftret. Ubera dent daturas manibus preftanda capellas. Retia cum pedicis, laqueofque artefque dolofas Tollite; nec volucrem vifcata fallite virga : Eec formidatis cervos mdudite pinnis : 475 Nec celate cibis uncos fallacibus hamos. Perdite,d quanocent. verumhascquoqueperditetantum. Ora vacent epulis: alimentaque congrua carpant. Nmna Deorum culhirn inJUtliens, £3- Mgeri* luthis. Fab. XLIV. TAlibus atque aliis inftrudo peflore di THE T II E DECERPTA O F OvidV Metamorphoses, Englished From Claske’s TRANSLATION. WITH notes. — _ EDINBURGH: Printed in the Year MDCCLV» •- .L ‘f (> '.o.r'. . - , •' > ^ ■ 'i ,t - .Ww. „ - : THE DECERPTA O F Ovid’* Metamorphoses, ENGLISHED, &c. BOOK I. ‘ TV yf Y inclination carries me to fpeak of b forms iVi changed into new bodies. Ye Gods, favour my undertakings, (forc you changed them) and bring down ^ one continued poem from the firlt origin of the world to my times. I. cFor.m£Rly the fea and the Land,and the hea- 5 ven that covers all things, was one appearance of Nature throughout the whole world, which they cal- led Chaos, a rude and undigefted mafs ; nor any thing but falumpini weight, and the jarring e feeds of things not well joined, h heaped together in the A 2 fame NOTES. 1 I incline; purpofc. b That is, Bodies changed into new Form?. Formas mutatas in nova corpora, for corpora mutata in novas formas. The Poet being to write of the transformation of things, hath elegantly, in allufion to his defign, made a transformation of thefe words. c Yen and you alone. i A full connected poem : where one ffory natu- rally and eafily ufhers in another. c At firlt; in the beginning. f An uuaiftivc Lump. c Principles. h Huddled and blended together.. 4 METAMORPH. 10 fame place. No 1 Sun as yet gave light to the world ^ nor did the k Moon repair her new horns by in- ■ creafing ; nor did the earth hang in the air 1 fpread around it, m poifed by its own weight. Nor had n Amphitrite \jhef;a\ ftretched her arms “upon the long border of the earth. And wherefoever there was land, there too was fea and air. Thus was the earth not to be flood upon, the water not to be fwum in, the air wanting light: it’s r proper form remained with nothing, and one thing flood in the way of others ; becaufe in the fame body cold things fought with hot, moifl things with dry, foft things with hard, and things having weight with thofe with- 2i out weight. This conteft God, and s kind nature r decided. For he divided the earth from the hea- ven, and. the water from the earth, and feparated the f clear heaven from the thick air. Which after he * had turned out, and u taken from the dark heap, x he bound together, difperfed tho’ in their proper 26 places, by an harmonious peace. The fiery r force . of the heaven being convex, and without weight, z fprung forth, and chofe a place for itfelf, in the highella eminence of the world. The air is next to it in lightnefs and place. The earth is thicker than thefe, andb drew"toit the grofs elements, and was pref- fed together with its own weight. c The water fiow- : .X ing NOTES. The fun is cillcJ Titan by the author, from his father Kyrerion who was one of the Titans, giants that warred againfl Jupiter the fbvereign god of the heathens. k The moon is called Phoebe from her brother Phoebus, one of the fun’s names. 1 In the ambient air, or ather. ln equally poifed ; ballanced. " She was the wife of Nep- tune the god of the fea. 0 About the winding coaft [Ihore.J ■’ Cer- tain. 1 More benign nature. A higher principle. A fiiperior being. 1 Compoled. f The pure aether ' Had difintangled. “ Had lever- ed from the confufed mafs. * Pic united them, tho’ placed at a dilt- ance from one another, by unalterable laws of harmony and peace. y Quality of the vaulted [arched] heaven, i. e. the fubtile aether, or element of fire. z Mounted up. “ Region. b Carried the grolfelt particles of matter along with it. Is compounded of the grofielt particles. c The fluid clement of water. BOOK I. Fab. IT. 5 ing all around, took pofTeflion of the laft place, and i confined the folid orb. I T. Thus after he, whoever he was of the Gods, ' had cut the mafs, thus ordered, and reduced it when cut, into feparate f members. In the firft place, he rolled up the earth in the form of a great globe, led it (hould not be equal on every part. Then he 36 ordered the feas to be poured abroad, and to fwell with furious winds, and to draw a fhore quite round the inclofed earth. He likeways added fprings, and E immenfe pools and lakes, and h fenced the ‘ de- clining rivers with winding banks ; k which in dif- ferent places are partly abforbed by itfelf, 1 partly run into the fea ; and being received in a plain of free water, beat the Ihores inftead of banks. He ordered likeways plains to be extended, and valleys to fink ; the woods to be covered with green leaves, the rocky Mountains to rife. And as two Zones 45 divide heaven on the right, and as many on the left part thereof, the fifth is hotter than thofe : in like manner did the care of the God diflinguifh m the enclofed mafs of the earth with the fame number ; and jud fo many regions are marked out upon the earth; of which that which is the middlemoft, is not inhabitable by reafon of its heat: a deep fnow co- vers two: and as many he placed betwixt both, and gave them a due temper, by qualifying the heat with ' cold. The air refts upon them, which is as much 52 heavier than the fire, as the weight of the water is lighter than the weight of the earth. There too he ordered the fogs, there the clouds to refide; and al- fo the thunder n to dillurb the minds of men ; and with the thunder the winds caufing cold. The Cre- 57 A 3 ator NO T E S. i Encircled [begirt] the folid globe of earth. II c Had thus divided and modelled the Chaos. f Several eleme»ts conftituent Parts. 2 Vafl marifhes. h Confined within. ‘ Gliding downwards. k Which in their various Courfes. 1 Some of them? ” The bail of the earth inclofed within it. '' That might ftrike terror Into, 6 M E T A M O R P H. ator of the world too did not leave the air “to-be pofTelFed by them every where, p They can fcaree be hindred from tearing the world to pieces, q (ince each vj'ind governs its own blalt in a different tradf, 5i fuch is the jayring of the brothers. The Eaff-wind drew off to the morning quarter, and the r Naba- thasan kingdom, and f Perfia, and the mountains ly- ing under the.early rays. 6f the fiin. The £vening- llar, and the fhores which are Warmed with the Pet- ting Sun, are next to the Weft-wind. The ' dread- ful Boreas [Nortb-vjind'] feized u upon * Scythia, and they North ; the land oppolite to which is wet with continual clouds, and the rainy South-wind. - Upon thefe things he placed the iEther clear, and ' wanting gravity, and having not any thing ol earthy grofs matter. Scarcely had he thus z feparated ail things by fixed boundaries, when the Stars which lay hid a long time finothered under the mafs of the 2 a 7 Chaosy begun to fhine all over heaven. And that no region might be without its animals, the ftars, and the perfons of the Gods b poffefs the traft oi heaven ; the waters fell to the neat filhes to inha- bit ; the earth received the wild beads, and the 76 c volatile air the birds. An animal more J facred than thefe, and more capable of a 1 profound under- ftanding, and that might rule over the reft, was dill wanting. Man was produced. Whether that creator of all things, the; author of a better world, made him of divine feed; or the earth being new, . . and NO T E S. “To range in at plealure. f They are not eafily retrained. Nunc, even as matters are now ordered. S When the any empire of each of them is confined within his own refpedtive diftridt. r A country in Arabia Petrata rafhvard; which-is (aid to be (b called from Nebajotli the fbn of Khmael. f A country of Alia. ' Boifterous. “ As his property. x A country of Afia. r In the original, it is deferibed by a conftdlation in the northreu hemilphere, which is called the Great Bear, or Charles’s Wain; for the ftars that make up that conllellati- on, relemble a wain with fcven draught oxen, which draught-oxen the ancients called Triones. z Had diftinguiftied from one another. 3 To Iparkle forth. b Inhabit the heavenly m-anfions [orbs ] c Yie!d- ing, Fleeting. d More excellent [noble.J “ Sublinie foul [thought.J BOOK I. Fab. III. 7 and lately feparated from the high tether, retained the f feeds of heaven, having as yet fome affinity with it, which being mixed with river water, 8 the fon of Japetus formed into the ffiape of the Cods that rule over all things. And whilft other animals 84 look downwards upon the earth, gave man a 11 lof- ty face, and ordered him to look at heaven, and lift his countenance upright towards the fiars. Thus g- what had been lately rude earth, and without any 1 regular fliape, being changed, put on the figure of men, till then unknown. III. k Thk golden age was firft planted in the world-, which without any avenger ^ wrong, of its own accord pradlifed 1 faith and honefty without law. Punilhment and fear there was none; norqi were threatening words read "in brafs tables fet up to view : nor did the fuppliant crowd fear the face of their judge, but they were all fafe without a re- venger. The pine-tree being not yet cut down in its mountains, had not defeended into the liquid waves, to vilit a foreign part of the world ; and mor- tals knew no ftores beftdes their own. Steep ditch- 97 es did not yet inclofe towns. There was then no trumpet ofltraight, no horns of crooked brafs, no helmets, nofword: nations lived 0 fecure in foft re- pofe, without the ufe of foldiers. The earth too 100 being free f, and untouched with the harrow, and not wounded with any plough-ffiares, gave all things q of itfelf; and me.n content with food pro- duced, no body forcing them, picked up the fruits of trees, and Uraw-berries growing upon the moun- tiins, and wild cherries, and black berries flick- ing upon the r hard bramble-buffieSj and acorns, which NOTES. ' The nature. Qualities. 8 lie was called Prometheus, f An erected Countenance. 1 Form. 11 k The t dTruth.- m Integrity. M .age . IprungUprightnefs frem gold;" L'pon was brazen generated plates (tuckof gold. up for publick view ; meaning there were no laws in thele days. 0 Void ot care, p from femes, a Of her own free bounty. 1 Prickly, 3 METAMORPH, . 107 which were fallen from f the broad-fpreading tree of Jupiter. There w'as a conllant fpring, and the gentle weft-winds wdth their warm breezes 1 che- riftied the flowers u that grew without feed. By and by too the earth * unplowed brought forth grain; and the land without lying fallow after having been plowed up, was white with y heavy ears of jio corn. Now ran rivers of milk, now of z ne&ar, and the yellow honey dropt from the green oak. IV. After, upon a Saturn’s being lent into dark hell, the World b was under Jupiter, the fil- ver race c came on> a worfe than that rf gold, more precious/M than that s/'brafs. Jupiter contracted the e time of the old fpring, and f reduced the Year * by four terms, to winters and fummers, and h un- fteady autumns, and a Ihort fpring. Then firft of all the air parched with dry heats, glowed, and ice 121 hung bound up by the winds. Then firft did men enter houfes ; their houfes were caves, and thick (hrubs and twigs tied with bark. Then firft of all were the feeds of ’ Geres, i. e. corn, buried in long furrows, and bullocks groaned, prefled by the yoke. 125 The brazen generation fucceeded in the third place after that of gold, k mere cruel in their tempers, and more inclinable to horrid arms, yet not villainous. The laft age was of hard iron. Immediately all kind of wickednefs broke out into this age of a 1 worfe NOTE S. f That is the oak, facred to Jupiter; as the laurel was dedicated to Apollo, the alh tree to Mars, the poplar to Hercules, the vine to Bacchus, the cyprefs :o Pluto, the olive to Minerva, the myrtle to Venus, ’&c. ' Blew fmoothly over. u That fprung up. 1 Tho’ not broke up. ? Teeming. z Neftar was a pleafant liquor, feigned by the poets to be the drink of the gods; as Ambrofia was their delicious ^oocl IV. 3 Saturn, under whom the golden age flourifhed, was the moft ancient of all the heathen gods, held to be the fon of C.x-lus and Vella; and was depofed by his fon Jupiter, who ruled the fucceeding ages, i, Under the government of. c Succeeded. d Of bafer alloy, ' The length. f Drove to an end. s At four heats. h Unequally temper- ed.5 1 Ceres, the daughter of Saturn and Ops, was the goddefi of aorn and tillage, k fiercer, 1 Of bafer ore. BOOK.!. FAB. IV. 9 worfe vein; modefty, truth, and m faith fled for it; in whofe room came up frauds, and deceits, and “ plots, and ° violence, and the v wicked love of having a great deal. The mariner gave his fails to 132 the winds, q nor had he as yet well known them : and the keel-pieces, which Hood long in the moun- tains, r bounced over unknown waves. And the 135 wary f meafurer marked out the ground by a long ' furrow, 'which had been common before, as the light of the Sun and the air. Nor was the rich earth called upon only for corn, and food that was due to mankind, but men went into the bowels of the earth ; and riches, the incentives to mifchiefs, which (he u had hid, and x lodged nigh the 1 Sty- gian ftiades, are dug up. And now mifchievous 141 iron, and gold more mifchievous than iron, came out. War too comes out, that fights with both, and (hakes his clattering arms in his bloody hand. Men live by plunder ; the lodger is not lafe from the perfon entertaining him ; nor the father-in-law from the fon-in-law. A good agreement of bro- thers too is a rare thing. The hufband is 2 ready 146 for the dedrudlion of his wife, and fhe for that of her hufband. Terrible flep-mothers a mixthedif- mal wolfs-bane. The fon enquires into his fa- ther’s years, before his time is come. Piety lies vanquifhed ; NOTES. m Honour. n Ambufh. 0 Oppreffion. f A curled defire of being wealthy. This (ente of Habeo is very oblervable. Thus Phsedrus, 3. I. Qtiamvis in ipfa natus fvn pene fchola, Curamque Habendi penitus cords eraferim, Fajiidm'c tamen in cactum recipior. Quid crcdis Mi accident, qui magnas opes Exaggerate qiutrit omni vigiM ? 1 Notuithftanding he had not as yet well known them. r Danced. f Surveyor. ' Boundary. “ Kecondiderat, had lodged deep. * odd- moverat, had placed near, r That is, in the deepeft holes of the earth, nigh to Styx an infernal Lake. z Watches on opportunity. a Make a potion of. v 10 METAM. ORPH. vanquifhed ; and the virgin b Aftrasa left the eartl •wet with flaughter, the laft of all the c celefti' Deities. V. And that the high d tether might not be, more fecure than the earth, they fay that the ants affefted the kingdom of heaven, and piled ul mountains heaped together to the high ftars. Theit the almighty father calling his thunder, brokli through g Olympus, and llruck h Olfa from off in 155 Pelion below it. Whilft thofe direful bodies k kept down by their own bulk; they fay, that th; : earth being fprinkled with the blood of her owi t fons, was very wet, and enlivened the warm gore,:'; »‘nd, lelt no monuments fhould remain of that 1 rad t, of hers, turned them into the Ihapc of men. But|*! that flock too was a defpifer of the Gods aboveir and very greedy of cruel flaughter, and m vio-i lent: 11 you might have known that it fprung fromtl blood. ft VI. NOTE S. b Aftrea, the daughter of Jupiter and Themis, was the goddels of ju- rtice; and is fbmetimes put for jultice itfelf. c Heavenly inhabitants. V. A Sky. e Safer. f Theft giants were the tons of terra (the earth) when it was impregnated by the blood of Coelus, flowing from that dilhorrourable wound, which his fon Saturn gave him in gelding. They were perlbos of a huge fize and flature, with horrible dragon’s feet, their looks and bodies altogether full of terror. The moft emi nent of thefe giants were Typhsus or Typhon, Atgeon, Alceus, O thus, Ephialtes,’ Tityus, and the tribe of the Titans. This (lory feems to be derived from that of the rebel Nimrod. ■' Olympus was a mountain lying between Theflaly and Macedonia ; which, for its height, is often uftd by the poets for heaven itftlf. ll Olfa w>as a huge mountain in Theflaly. ■ Pehon, another huge mountain in Theflaly, j near to the other two. k bay weltring. The Englilh for jaccrent is | omitted in the tranflation here; tho’ the author’s fenft, nor even the : tranflation appear full without it. 1 Of the brutal race. They had the feet of lerpents, Lib. i. vcr. 184. ’Tis pity but the managers of this indefatigable gentleman’s poflhumous works Ihould have done more accurately: For, not to-fpeak of all their blunders, altho’ they have ferx Jhrpis in their own edition of the original, yet they trani- late by fax Jlirpis, according to an older impreflion, which is not reckoned fo good. 13 Opprellive, “ Any one might be fure. B O O K. I. Fab. VI. n VI. Which as foon as the 0 Saturnian Father faw from the higheft eminence of heaven, he groans; and recolledling the r abominable fead of q Lyca- on’s table, which had not yet been made publick, the faft being frelh, he conceives in his mind a mighty paffion worthy of Jupiter, and calls an af- fembly of the Gods. No delay detain’d them that were fummoned. There is a high way very vifible 168 in a clear fky, which has the name of the 1 milky way, diftinguifhable by its whitenefs. Along this is the way for the Gods, to the houfe of the great thunderer, and the royal palace. On the right and : the left, the courts of the f fuperior Gods are 1 • crowded with company about the open folding . doors. The inferior fry of Gods dwell in diffe- rent places. “ The potent and fplendid inhabitants . of heaven have all their houfes in the front of this i ftreel. This is the place, which, if aboldnefs may 175 be allowed to my words, I fhould not fear to call , the palace of great heaven. Wherefore as foon as the Gods were fet down in their marble council- room, He, i. e. Jupiter, exalted above the refl in place, and leaning upon his ivory fceptre, fhaked the awful hair of his head three or four times, x , with which he moved the earth, the fea, and the ftars. After that he opened his angry mouth y in 18 X thefe words. I was not more concerned for the empire of the world at that time, when each of the 2 fnake-footed monflers attempted to lay his hundred arms NOTES. 1 VI. 0 That is, Jupiter the Ion of Saturn. P Barbarous ; inhuman. I s This Lycaon was king of Arcadia, a country in the middle of Pe- 1 loponnefns or the Morea. r This is the only real circle in the hea. I vens, which is a broad white path or traft, appear! .g in a clear night, 1 and is an infinite number of finall liars, which are invifible to the naked eye. According to the opinion of lome writers, it is called the milky-way, from that milk, of which Hercules, or, as others, Mer- cury having fuck d too much from Juno, Ipilt lome ot it among the liars, which made this white path in the heavens. f Of the gods of note. 1 Throng’d “ Of intereft and title. x Together with which [Locks] he (hook alfo the earth, &c. y In fuch a Brain. z Serpent, footed ■ the poets fay thefe g.ants had the feet of dragons- 12 METAMOttPH. arms upon captive heaven : for tho’ that was a cm i i el enemy, yet that war depended upon one body < 187 and one origin. Now mankind muft be deflroye^d wherefoever 1 Nereus [the feu'] roars round til* whole world. b I iwear by the c infernal rivers, that run under the earth along the Stygian grove : All things are firft to be tried ; but an incurablel wound is to be d cutaway with the furgeon’s knife, left the found part ftiould £ be drawn in for it. 1 193 have f Semi-gods, have « rural Deities, the Faunsl ami 1 NOTES. * Kerens, the fbn of Oceanus and Tethys, was one of the gods of the lea ; and lometimes taken for the lea itlelf. b Some editions of the . original, and thefe perhaps the befl: too, have it thus, Per fiumim juro Jnfera, fub terras Stygio labentia luce, CunBa prius tentata: I fwear, ire. that all things [remedies] have been firft tried : Other- wile the gods might refent Jupiter’s harlh decree. c He means prin-. cipally here the river 01 lake Styx, which had formerly been the daughter of Oceanus, and mother of the goddels Viftoria: Which Victoria being on Jupiter’s fide, in his war againtt the giants, obtain- ed this prerogative for her mother Styx, That no oath Iworn among the gods by her name, fhould ever be violated. It is alledged by o- thers, That Jupiter granted this prerogative to Styx, becaule Ihe dif- i covered the plots of the conlpirators again!! him. d Muft be lawed off. c Be corrupted alfo f Semi-gods or demi-gods, are thole gods among the heathen, who partook of human nature ; as Hercules, Ca- ftor and Pollux, &c. s By the rural deities, lome underftand (be- ■ fides thole mentioned in the author,) thofe following, Pan, the Silent, Priapus, Arifbeus, and Terminus: allb thele goddefles; Diana, Pa- les, Flora, Feronia, Pomona, and the nymphs, y The Fauns, Satyrs, and Sylvans were all much the lame, tho’ of different names: being horned monfters, half men, and half bcafts, hairy and fhaggy, with goats feet and horles tails. As for the nymphs, they were diftributed into three dalles, viz. celeftial, terreftia!, and marine nymphs. The celeftial nymphs were thole Souls and Intelleds who guided the Ipheres of the heavens, and dilpenfed the influences of the Stars to the things of the earth. Of the terreftial nymphs lome were called Dryades, becaule they prefided over the woods, and dwelt particularly m the Oaks. Others were called Hamadryades, becaule they were born and died with the Oaks. Others were named Oreades, from prefiding o- ver the mountains. < thers Napaeac, from their care of the groves and vallies. Others Lemoniades, becaufe they look after the mea- dows and fields, And others were called Melia?, from the afh-tree that BOOK. I. Fab. VII. 13 and Nymphs, and Satyrs, and Sylvans inhabitants of the mountains ; whom lince we do not yet vouchfafe the honour of heaven, h however let us 1 fuffer them to inhabit the earth, which we have I given them. Do you think, O ye Gods, that they 196 will be fufficiently fafe, when Lycaon, noted for J cruelty, laid a plot for me, who have the thunder, who have and rule you ? Upon which they all made a noife together, in token of their refentment; and 1 with burning zeal demand the villain that had da- ; red to attempt fuch things. Thus, when the impi- 200 ous ' rout was in a rage to extinguifh the Roman k name hy fhcdding the blood of Caefar, mankind was aftonifhed with the fudden dread of fo mighty a 1 ruin, and the whole world 1 was agaft. Nor was the loyalty of your fubjedts, O Augullus, more ac- I ceptable to you, than that of the Gods was to Ju- i piter. Who, after he had fupprefled the noife with 1 his voice and hand, they all kept filence. As foon 207 I as the clamour ceafed, checked by the authority of j their m governor, Jupiter again breaks filence by ■ this fpeech. He indeed has fuffered punifhment, , (lay afide that concern of yours') yet I will inform you-what the crime was, and what the punilhment ■ was. n The infamy of the time had reached our 211 ij ears; which defiring to find falfe, I 0 defcend from 1 the top of Olympus, and tho' a God, r traverfe the earth under a human (hape. It is a tedious bufi- nefs, to reckon up how much guilt was every where 4 found : the Icandal of the times was a lefs than the B ✓ truth. NOTES. 1 that was (acred to them. Of the marine nymphs, lome were called Nereides or Nerinse, from their father Nereus, a fea-god. Others Oceanitides and Oceania:, from their father Oceanus, another fea-god! Others, Naiades or Naides, from prefiding over the fountains. O- | thers, Fluviales or Potamides, from inhabiting the rivers. Others J l Limnades, from prefiding over the lakes and ponds. h At leaft! * Band of confpirators. k Empire. 1 Shuddered. m Prefident. " * I This feems to allude to that which we have in Gen. 18. 21. \\ hich ! paflage, as well as the whole Old Teftament, ’tis thought this learned p°et had read. 0 Glide down. P Survey : take a view of, 1 Short «f the truth. 24 M E T A M O R P H. 216 truth. I had pafled over r Moenalus, dreadful for"k its dens of wild bealts ; and the pine groves of cold'b f Lyceus with * Cyllenus. After this, I enter thesi habitation, and the inhofpitable houfe of the Ar- j- cadian prince, when the late twilight drew on the a 220 night. I u gave a fignal that a God was come, and [i the common people began to pray. x In the liriM place, Lycaon laughs at their y pious prayers; and I prefently fays, I will try by a z plain proof, whe-' ther this be a God, or a mortal; nor lhall the truth be queftionable. Accordingly he prepares to deftroy . me, when fait afleep, by an unexpected death. 1 his i 226 trial of the truth pleafes him. And not being con- tent with that, he opens with a fword the throat of an holtage fent from the nation of the a Molof- fians ; and b then partly foftens in boiling water, 1 his half dead limbs, and partly roafted them with | 230 fire put under. Which, as foon as he had fet up- on the table, I overfet the houfe with avenging c I fire upon the d Houihold-Gods c worthy of the ma- J Iter. He flies away affrighted, and getting into the lonely parts of the country, he howls, and in I vain endeavours to fpeak. His mouth gathers f rage from s himfelf; and from a defire of flaug.luer, which he had been ufed to, he falls upon the cat- J tie, and h now too rejoices in blood. His gar- ments ■ pafs into hair, his arms into legs: he be- comes a wolf, and keeps marks of his former fhape. His ;! NOTES. • This was a famous mountain of Arcadia, lb named from Menalus the fon of Areas. f This was likeways a mountain of Arcadia, fa- cred to Pan the god of ihepherds. 1 This was another mountain of Arcadia, dedicated to Mercury the god of eloquence ; whence he is called Cyllenius. u Shew’d miraculous figns. x At firft. >' Devout. 2 An evident diftindtion. * The Moloflians were a people of Epirus, a country in Greece. b Having fo done. c 1 hat is, lightning. <> Penates, the houlhold-gods, were fuch as prefided over any country, city or family; and were worlhipped in the moft fecret apartments of , the houfi'S c fitting their owner, the houlhold-gods and mailer were equally wicked. f A currifl) fiercenefs, * His own nature. Still. 1 Change into fhagi B O O K I. Fab. VH. 15 i His hoarinefs is the fame, the fame violence in his I countenance; his eyes fparkle in the fame manner; ! and the appearance of fiercenefs in him is the fame. I One houfe is demolilhed ; but not one houfe only 240 I was worthy to perifh. Wherefoever the earth ex- j tends, wild k fury reigns. * You would think all wen 1 had fworn m to wickednefs. Let them all forth- with fuffer the puniftiment, which they have de- ferved to fuffer, (thus Hands my refolution.) VII. Part by their words approve of the lay- ings of Jupiter, and put fpurs to him, tho' furiouf- ly forward. Others a (ill up the party by their aifent. Yet the lofs of mankind is a grief to them 246 all; and they ask what was to be the appearance 1 of the earth, w/iew deftitute of mort Is ? Who fhould bring frankincenfe upon their altars ? Did he de- lign to deliver up the nations of the world to be de- I ftroyed by wild beads ? The King of the Gods a- | bove forbids them, asking fuch queftions, to be concerned, (for the reft ftiould be matter of care to him) and promifes a new race, not like the former, j from a wonderful original. And now he was go- ing to fcatter his thunder over the whole earth ; ' but he was afraid, left the facrcd aether fhould catch the flames from fo many fires, and the vaft heaven fhould be burnt. He remembers too, that it was 256 in the 0 decrees of the r fates, that a time fhould come, when the fea, when the land, and the palace B 2 of NOTES. k The Furies, being the offspring of Nox (night) and Acheron (an 1 infernal river) were called Furiat, Dirae, Canes, Erinnyes, and Eume- I nicies : But their proper names were Altflo, Tifiphone, and Megxnr. They were appointed to obferve and punilh the crimes of ill men ; and to torment the confciences of fecret offenders. 1 One would j think. m To be as wicked as poffible. VII. n Make up the number complete. 0 Books of fate r Fa- tten:, fate or detliny, is that which muff of necefilty come to pals by God s fecrec appointment. A perpetual and unchangeable dilpofttion of ^things following one upon another. God’s providence or decree: Alio death. According ro the poets, the Fates or Ceftinics (ca lied x6 METAMORPH. of heaven, feized by the flames, fliould be on fire, j! and the unweildy mafs of the world (hould r be ; in danger of perifliing. 7hofe weapons therefore, L r made by the hands of the * Cyclops, are laid by. L 260 A a different punifhment is fixed upon ; to deftroy | mankind under the water, and to let fall fhowers from all the parts o/"heaven. Immediately he fhuts up the North-wind in the x jEolian caves, and whatfoever other winds drive away the clouds, | . when drawn over r the earth. And then fends out the South-wind. The South-wind flies out with his wet wings, having his diaadful countenance 265 covered with pitchy darknefs. Tlis beard is 2 load- ed with fhowers; the water flows from his hoary hairs; mills fit upon his forehead ; his wings, and the plaits of his coat a drop ; and as he b prefled the hanging clouds with his broad hijnd, a cradl- ing noife is made. Upon this, thick fhowers are 270 poured out from the fky. The c Rainbow, the meflenger of Juno, clad in her various colours, draws up water, and makes an Addition to the clouds. The d corn is laid flat, and the ' wiflies of the hulbandman lie f defperate ; and the labour of the long year perifhes without fruit. Nor is the anger of Jupiter B content with his own heaven, but NOTES. alfo Parc*, by way of contradiftion, becaufe they fpare no body) were three deities; viz. Clothe, who holds the diftafj; Lacbefis, which, draws out; and Atropos, which cuts the threed of man’s life. q Migh- ty fabric [machine] of the univerle. r Be in diftrefs. f Forged. ' The Cyclops were fervants to Vulcan, the god of fire, and finith to Jupiter. They wrought with Vulcan in his (hop, in the ifland Lem- nos, forging thunderbolts for Jupiter. They were called Cyclops, be - caule they had but one eye, which was of a circular figure, and that in the middle of their forehead. “ Quite contrary. x Aiolus was the god of the winds, fon of Jupiter and Acdla or Segefta, the daughter of Hippora ; from whom JEolus is (bmettmes named Hippotades. r The face of the heavens. 2 Big [Iwoll’n] with rainy clouds. 3 Stand in dew drops. b Squeez’d. c Iris, (the rain-bow) was the daughter of Thaumas and EleCtra. She was Juno’s meflenger, as Mercury was Jupiter’s. NOTES. * His deity, r The brightnefs of the heavens. * Smooths the face of the waters. a He was the fbn, companion and trumpeter of Nep- tune ; and refembled a man in the face, and a fifh in the tail. 1 So- norous (hell. c Grows wider and wider from its narrow pointed bottom in falhion of a top. d Gathered. e Brought within limits, f Contains! t-' Laud, b Stripe, * Coufin german, 20 METAMORPH. and then the bed hath joined to me; and now thefe dangers join ; we two are the whole people of the 3J6 earth, wfeatfoever the weft and eaft behold. The fea has made herfeif miftrefs of the reft. Now too as yet have we no certain afturance of life ; the clouds yet terrify my mind. What fentiment would’ft thou have had, if thou had’ft been deli- vered from this deftruftion without me, poor crea- ture ? How could’ft thou alone have born the ter- ror of it ? With whom to comfort thee, would’ft thou have grieved at thy fate ? For I, believe me, if the fea had got thee h only, I would have fol- lowed thee, wife; and the fea ftiould have had me too. O that I could repair the people that are loft, by my father’s arts, and infufe fouls into earth du- ly ‘ formed! Now mankind remains in us two (lo it feemed good to the Gods) and we are left as the ^ copies of men. Thus he fpoke, and then they wept. They determined to pray to the heavenly Deities, and to feek afliftance by the facred oracles. No delay \smade; they go 1 together to the waters of n Cephifus, tho’ not yet clear, yet cutting their 371 wonted channel. And after they had fprinkled wa- ter taken thence, upon their cloaths and head, they turn their ftcps to the temple of a facred Goddefs; the top of which was defiled with filthy mofs ; 37J and the altars ftood without fires. As foon as they reached the fteps of the temple, each falls flat on the ground, and trembling, gave kifles to the cold ftones; and “ then fpoke thus ; If the ° Dei- 1> ties prevailed upon by juft prayers, s are to be mollified ; if the anger of the Gods is to be avert- ed, tell us, O Themis, by what art the lofs of our kind is to be repaired ; and give your afliftance, 381 O moft gentle in this ruinous cafe. The Goddefs was-moved, and gave them an r anfwer t Depart' ''NO T E S. h Without me. ’ Fafhion’d. k Patterns. Samples. 1 Hand in- hand. 1,1 It was a river running out of mount Parnallus. 11 In that Failure. « Divine powers, r JUafonabk. ’ Relent, r dors (anfwer here) B O O K I. Fab. VII. 21 Depart from my temple, and cover your heads, and I loofe the Garments girt about you, and throw the I bones of your great mother behind your backs. They were amazed a long time, and Pyrrha firft breaks filence with her voice, and refufes to obey the orders of the Goddefs : and begs with a f fear* ! ful mouth, that the Goddefs would grant her par- don; and dreads to violate her mother’s {hade, by throwing her bones about. In the mean time they 388 confider with themfclves the words of the given o- racle, ‘ involved in dark obfeurity, and revolve them over and over betwixt themfelves. Upon 390 that the fon of Prometheus comforts the daughter of Epimetheus with thefe gentle fayings. Either my “ cunning deceives me, or the oracles * are pi- ous, and advile no wickednefs. Our great parent i^the earth. I fuppofe the ftones in the body of the earth are called bones : we are commanded to throw thefe behind our backs. Tho’ the £ Tita- 395 nefs was moved by her husband’s guefs, yet hope is 1 mixed with doubt; fo much do both diftruft the advice of heaven ; but what harm will it do to try ? They go down and cover their heads, and ungird their tunicks, and cad ftones, as ordered, behind their footdeps. The dones (who would 400 believe it, but that antiquity is for a witnefs of the thing?') begun to lay afide their hardnefs and diff- nefs, and in continuance to be foft, and -when fof- ten’d, to take upon them a nevj diape. And pre- fently, after they were grown bigger, and a milder nature was bedowed upon them, as fome (hape of Man may be feen in them, yet not a very apparent one : but as a Jlatue of marble begun, and not yet * diffidently exad, and very like b rude images. Yet NOTES. here) is properly a fcroll lodged in a chert, which had tome writing in it, and that was drawn out by thole that came to confult. After- wards it was uted for any oracle, or anfwer of an oracle. ! A faul- tring voice. 1 Hard to be underftood by reafon of dark ambiguities. u Skill in goeffing. * Mean nothing impious. >' That is Pyrrha, the grand-daughter of Japetus, who was one of the Titans. 2 In fuf- pence. a fully wrought. Finilhed b Rough-cart, 22 METAMORPH. 407 Yet that part of them which was moift with anjjl' juice, and earthy, was turned into the ufe of a f>uA\ manbody. What is folid, and cannot be bent, ial changed into bones; what was lately a vein, con-4 tinned fo under the fame name. And in a (hortri time, by the c power of the Gods above, the ftonesi! that were thrown by the hands of the man, tookll the fhape of a man, and the female kind was re- paired by the throwing of the woman. Thence wet are a hardy generation, and a capable of undergo- 1 ing toils, and give proofs, from what original we | are. VIII. The earth brought forth the other animals, l in different fhapes, of her own accord, after the old T morfture thereof was thoroughly heated by the fire of r the Sun; and the mud, and the wet fens e fwelljd with heat: and the fruitful feeds of things nou- rifhed by an enlivening foil, as in the womb of a mother, grew, and in continuance of time, took, fome f regular fhape upon them. Thus when the fe- ven-flreamed s Nile has quitted the h wet fields, and turn’d its waters to their antient channel, and the frefh mud hath been heated with the aethereal Sun, the plowmen upon turning up the clods find a great many animals, and amongff them fome juff begun about the time of their firft formation, fome not quite finiihed, and as yet ' deffitute of fome of their parts; and in the fame body oftentimes k one part is alive, 'whiljl the other part is 1 rude earth. For NOTES. c Gracious favour. ^ Enterprizing. Forward to attempt difftculi ies. VIII. e Were impregnated. f Form. g The Nile is the moft fa- mous river in Africa, running through ^Ethiopia and Tgypt, almotl 3000 milss. In the country of .-Egypt, where it feldom rains, this ri- ver yearly flows from the fummer lolftice till the autumnal acquinox, and thereby fattens the land. And becaufe it falls with feven mouths into the Mediterranean fea, it is called feven fircamed. Some fay that it riles out of a great Lke beyond the Line; or (as others) out of two Iprings in the country of the Abyffine''. h Well-foak’d.- 1 Deficient as to their ccndituent parts. k The one half. 1 L'nfalliioncd. B O O K I. Fab. IX. 23 For when wet and heat have had a due mixture, 430 they conceive ; and all things arife from thefe two. And tho’ water be ro repugnant to.fire, a moilt heat produces all things, and a jarring concord is fit for ” procreation. Therefore when the earth, dirty from the late deluge, was heated with aethe- real Sun-fhine, and a kindly warmth, it produced innumerable fpecies of creatures, and partly reftor- ed the former figures of animals, partly produced new monfters. She would not indeed have done it; 438 but Ihe brought forth thee too, prodigious Python; and thou being a ferpent of a kind 'till then un- known, walla terror to the 0 new people ; fo vail a part of a mountain did’!! thou take up. The p God 441 that bears the bow, and who had never before ufed fuch arms but again!! deer and timorous goats, de- llroyed this ferpent, loaded with a thoufand arrows, almoll quite exhaulling his quiver, his poifon being fhed through his black wounds And that length of 44J time might not blot out the i fame of the work, he inftituted facred games r with famous contefts, called Pythia from the name of the conquered fer- pent. In thefe, whofoever of the young men con- quered in boxing, running, or chariot-racing, he received f the honour of a crown of oaken leaves. There was no laurel yet, and ‘ Phoebus encircled 450 his temples, u finely adorned with long hair, with fprigs from any tree. IX. Daphne, the daughter ofx Peneus, was the firll love of Phoebus ; which blind chance gave him not NOTES. m Of an oppofite Nature. n Productions. 0 New created na- tions. P That is, Apollo, celebrated by the poets for his (kill in archery, s The glory of the exploit. r To which the people flocked to contend for the mart ry. f For reward. 1 Apollo was lb called, from the great fwiftnefs of his motion, or from his method of healing by purging; ftnce by the help of phyfick, which was his invention, the bodies of mankind are purg’d and cur’d. u Comely. IX. x Peneus was a river of Theflaly whole banks were planted with laurel or bay-trees, which probably gave occafion to this fable: For JLaurus is called Daphne by the Greeks. 24 METAMORPH. not, but the cruel x anger of ? Cupid. The z Dei lian God, proud of having fubdued the ferpenti! had lately fecn him bending his bow by drawing:, theftring, and faid, O wanton boy, what haft thou* to do with gallant arms ? 3 that carriage becomes my (houlders, who am able to give fure wounds to: a wild beaft, and to give the Jame to an enemy : Who lately killed with Innumerable arrows the fwelling Python, who covered fo many acres of land- with his poifonous belly. Be thou content to raife I know not what kind of love with thy torch ; and do not lay claim to the matter of my praifes. To him thefon of b Venus replies : Let your bow ftioot all things, O Phoebus, my bow fhallJhoot you ; and as much as all animals yield to you, lo much left is 466 your glory than ours. This he faid, and c cleaving the air with his moving wings, with d great adtivi- j ty he pearched upon the fhady top of Parnalfus, and drew two weapons Out of his arrow-bearing quiver, of different e workmanftiip ; the one drives away, and the other caules love. What caufes love, is of gold, and fhines with a fharp point: what drives it away, is blunt, and has lead'under the 472 reed. The God lodged this in the Peneian Nymph; but with the other he wounded the very marrow of Apollo through his bones paired by his arrow. Immediately the one is in love ; the other flies the name of a lover ; rejoicing in the lonely parts of woods, and the flcins of wild beafts taken in hunt- ing, and f becomes an imitator of the unmarried s Phoebe. NOTES. x Relentment. s Cupid was the God of love, of uncertain parents; fonie alledging him to be the fbn of Jupiter and Venus ; others, of Mars and Venus ; others, of Coelus and Terra, ire. 2 That is, Apol- 'lo, fo named from Delos, an ifland in the A'.gean tea, where he was horn. 3 Thefearms would fuit better with. b Venus was theGoddefs of love and beauty, lprun NOTES. That part from the (houlder to the elbow, is the arm [Brachium.'] And that part from the elbow to the hand, is the gairdy [Lncertm.] Whole heart you have captivated. 0 Ugly drels. P Delphi was a Gamous city of Phocis in Achaia by Parnalfus, famous for an oracle of Apollo there, s Claros was a city of Ionia, famous for another o- xacle of Apollo. r Tenedos, an illand in thcaEgean lea, over againft Troy. f Patara, a city of Lycia, in the lefler Alia, where Apollo gave forth oracles during the fix winter months, * The reftorcr of health, h Virtue, 6 O O K. I. Fab. IX. 27 vrith himfelf his words unfiniflied. Then too fhe appeared comely : the winds made bare her body, and the Mails meeting her, tolTed about her cloaths in their way, and the light air forced back her hair pulhed before it. Her beauty was increafed by her 530 flight. But indeed the youthful God cannot bear any longer to * wafte fo much fmooth language ; and as love advifes him, he follows her Heps with y fpeedy pace. As when a grey-hound hath Tpied a hare in the empty plain, and he purfues his prey by making the be]} ufc o/'his feet, the other her fafe- ty. The one is z like as he were a-going to flick in her, and3 now now he hopes to have her, and grazes upon her very heels with his fnout ftretched out. The other is in doubt whether (he be catched, and 536 is delivered from his very bites, and leaves the mouth of the dog touching her. So is the God, and the young lady ; he fwift with hopes, file with fear. Yet he that follows, being aflifted by the 540 wings of love, is fwifter, and denies her reft, and is b juft upon the back of her as file flies, and breathes upon her hair fcattered upon her neck. Her ftrength being novo fpent, (he grew pale, and being foiled with the fatigue of this hurrying race, looking upon the waters of Peneus, (he fays, O fa- ther, bring me help, if you rivers have the power of Gods. [[She fays too, O earth, in which I have 546 pleafed too much, c gape, or deftroy, by changing it, that ftiape which caufes me to be hurt.] This prayer being fcarce ended, a heavy numbnefs feizes upon her limbs ; her foft midriff is enclofed by a thin a bark; her hairs grow into green leaves, her arms into boughs ; her feet that were lately fo fwift, flick faft by dull roots, her face has a top to it; her c neatnefs alone continues in her. Phoebus loves 553 this tree too, and placing his right hand upon the C 2 bole, NOTES. x To throw away his compliments, r Full (peed. r As if he were upon the point of fnatching her. 1 Thinks to have her at the very next Bou. d. Bout. *> Fattening. c Open. d Rind. e Beauty, 58 METAMORPH. f bole, he perceives the bread dill to tremble under'( the new bark ; and embracing the boughs as mem- ^ bers in his arms, lie gives kides to the wood ; yet ] 557 the wood declines his kides. To whom the God faid : But feeing thou can’d not be my wife, thou dialt however be my tree : O Laurel, my hair (hall 560 always havg thee, my quivers diall have thee. Thou (halt e attend upon the Latian generals, when the joyful voice of the foldiery- (hall (ing a triumph, and b the Capitol (hall fee long pompous trains 562 mount upon it. 1 Thou the fame (halt (land as a mod faithful guardian to the door-cheeks of Auguilus before the gate; and (halt protedl the oak in the middle betwixt two trees of thine: and k as my head is youthful in appearance with hair never cut, do thou too ever wear the perpetual honours of green 566 leaves. 1 Paean ended his jpeech •, the laurel m nod- ded, by way of afl'ent to this, with it’s new made boughs; and feemed to (hake it’s top as a head. X. There is a grove of n iEmenia, which a wood mounted on a craggy rock enclofes on all lides. They call it 0 Tempe, through which the river NOTES. s Or boll, the body of the tree, e Be the ornament of Roman con- querors. The laurel was likew ays worn by poets and muficians in garlands. h Long trains (hall march in proceflion to the Capitol. The Capitol was the great and flrong citadel of Rome, built upon a hill; to which as the triumphant trains were afccnding, the people ufed to cry out, lo Triumfbc. ‘ Thou (halt be wreathed about the oak that (lands before the gates of Auguftus’s palace, and defend it as it’s mod faithful guardian. k Apollo is faid to have a youthful head and hair never cut, to denote the vigour of the rays of the Sun, that never fade. 1 Paean, was one of the names of Apollo; and (o called, either from allaying Sorrows; or from difcafed perfons invoking his aid, cry- ing, Heal us, Paean ; or from his mother’s crying to him, when fight- ing the ferpent Python, Strike bint, fin, -with thy darts. Hence, all hymns in praife of Apollo, were called Pteanes. And, in fongs of triumph, and in celebrating viffories, people cry’d out, lo Paan. Accepted the honour, and, in teflimoiy whereof, made a bow with it’s branches. X. 11 JEmonia, i. e. ThefTaly. 0 Tempe, pleafant valleys in jE- monia; and from hence, fields of pleafure are called Tempe. BOOK I. Fab. r. river Peneus ifTaing forth from the bottom of mount 11 Pindus, is rolled with it’s frothing waters; and by a heavy downfal, draws together a cloud fcattering a vapour like thin fmoke ; and ^ with it’s fprinkling dalhes againlt the tops of the woods, and with it’s noife difturbs more places than are near it. This is the houfe, this is the abode, this is the retired habitation of the great river : Refid- ing in this, i. e. in a cave made of the rocks, he gave laws to the waters, and to the Nymphs inha- biting the waters. The rivers of that country firfl: jyy repair thither, not knowing whether they fliould congratulate or comfort the father, the poplar- bearing r Sperchius, and the reftlefs Enipeus, and aged Apidanus, and the gentle Amphryfus and r Aias ; and by and by other rivers, who, as their violence led them, draw down their waters weary with their wandrings into the fea. 1 Inachus alone 58^ is abfent; and concealed in the bottom of his cave, encreafes his waters with weeping ; and, wretch- ed foul, laments his daughter lo as loft : he knows not whether Ihe enjoys life, or is amongft the ghofts : but Jbe whom he finds no where, he thinks to be no where ; and fears the worft in his minx!. Jupiter had feen her returning from her father’s 588 river, and faid, O young lady worthy of Jupiter, and likely to make I know not who happy by thy bed, go into the fhade of thefe high groves (and (hewed her the (hades of the groves) whil’ft it is hot, and the Sun is now at the higheft in the mid- 1 die of his circle. But if you are afraid to enter tbcfe lonely abodes of wild beads alone, you may pafs within the private places of the groves fafe with a God for your proteiftor, and not a God of C 3 the NOTES. I. f A mountain- of Macedonia, dividing jEtolia from Aeamania. O- t thers, a mountain of Epirus, facred to Apollo and the mutes. li )je- t dews the tops of the trees. r Sperchius, Enipeus, Apidanus, and Am- Iphryfus are names of rivers in TheUaly. ! A river running out of Macedonia into the Ionian fea. ' The river Planizza in Peloponne- fus. Another ia Acarnania, Alfo tjic firft kins of the Areives,- the I; father of lo. 3° METAMORPH. the " vulgar fort; but with me who hold the fcep- 1 ter of heaven in my great hand, and who fcatte' J97 the wandring thunder. Do not fly from me (fo (he fled) and. now {he had left the pafiures of : Lerna, and the r Lyrcean plaihs planted with trees when the God covered the earth for a great way with darknefs drawn over it, and ftopt her flight 6oi and made a rape upon her modefty. In the mead time Juno looked down into the. middle of the fields, and wondring that the floating clouds had made the appearance of night under a bright day, {he perceived thefe were not the.vapours of a river,! nor raifed from the moift earth ; and looks about to fee where her husband was, as who knew full well the fly intrigues of her fpoufe, who had been 607 fo often catched in. his roguery. Whom after flic , found not in heaven, I am either deceived, or I am injured, fays flie ; and defcendihg from the top ofthelky, (he alighted upon the earth, and order-. <>IO ed the mill to withdraw. He had perceived the? approach of his wife, and changed the fhape of the daughter of Inachus into a neat heifer. The cow ■ too is beautiful.' The daughter of Saturn, i. e, Juno, extols the beauty of the cow, tho’ unwil- lingly ; and likeways enquires whofe it was, and from whence it came, or, of what herd it was, as if ignorant of the truths, Jupiter falfl-y pretends that Ihe was produced out. of the earth, that the owner may no further be enquired after. The daughter of Saturn begs her, of him as a prefent. What could he do ? It was cruel to deliver up his miftrefs to A?r, and liable, to fufpicion not to give her. ’Tis (hame which advifes him on that hand; and love diflwades him on this ; and his modefty would. NOTES. “ Inferior fort of deities. x A lake of Peloponnelus near the city Af- £os, where Hercules flew the many-headed fcrpent Hydra; which, as fail as he cut oil one head, had two grew up in it’s place. Hence Lerna ina'orum, a heap of mifchiefs. r Lyrcsea was a city in ArcadiaL; , and Lyrcanis was a mountain there, out of which iflucth the riyer I-. - naclius. BOOK I. Fab. Xf. 23 would have been conquered by his love ; but if fo flight a prefent as a cow fliould be denied to the ftiarer in his defcent and bed, it might well appear not to be a cow,. After the miftrefs was given her, 632 the Goddefs did not immediately lay afide all her apprehenfion ; and was afraid of Jupiter, and 2 was fearful of her being ftolen, ’till flie delivered her to Argus, the fon of Ariftor, to be kept. XI. Argus had a head covered on all fides with an hundred eyes : two of them took reft in their turns ; the other watched, and remained up- on the guard, he look'd to lo in what place foever (he ftood ; and had lo before his eyes, tho’ be was turned from her. He fuffers her to feed in the day; 630 but when the Sun is under the deep earth, he ftiuts her up, and ties a cord about her neck, 2 unwor- thy of fuck ufage. She is fed with the leaves b of trees, and bitter herbs ; and inftead of a bed, the unhappy creature lies upon the earth that has not always grafs upm it; and drinks the muddy rivers. And when (he was minded as a fuppliant to ftretch 63 5 out her arms to Argus, (he had no arms to ftretch out to Argus : and endeavouring to complain, (he uttered lowings from her mouth, and dreaded the noife, and was affrighted at her own voice. She came likeways to her father Inachus’s banks, where (he often ufed to play ; and as foon as (he faw her new horns in the water, (he was afraid, and being * alarmed ran away. The Naiades know not, I- 645 nachus himfelf knows not, who (he was; but (he follows her father, and follows her fifters, and fuf- fers herfelf to be touched, and offers herfelf to them admiring her. Aged Inachus held her fame grafs he pulled up ; (he licks his hands, and gives kilfes to her father’s palms. Nor does (he keep in 647 her tears; and if (he had bat words, would beg hj« NOTES. 1 Was jealous of him, i. t. left he (hould be guilty again with lo. X,1'*,That Served no fuch treatment. b Of the-crab, tree, s I lit* aae .beiide herfclf, r 32 M E T A M O R P H . his help; and would declare her name, and mifl fortunes Inllead of words, letters which her foo fcrawled in the dull, made a difmal difcovery o her body’s being changed. Wo’s me! cries ou her father Inachus: and hanging upon the horn and neck of the groaning and fnow-white cow, he cries out again, Wo’s me! Art thou my daughter,! who has been fought for through all lands ? Thou iuhen not found, was matter of lefs forrow ta me, than mnu thou art found. Thou art filent, and re- turned no words in anfwer to ours; but J only fetched lighs from the bottom of thy bread : and what alone thou cand do, lowed in anfwer to my 658 words. But I, e ignorant foul, was preparing a bride-chamber, and a match for thee; and my fird hope was of a fon-in-law ; the fecond of grand- children : but now thou mud have ahufband from 661 the herd, now a fon of the herd. Nor is it poffi- ble for me to end thefe fuch mighty forrows by death ; but it is really a misfortune to me to be a God ; and the gate of death being (hut againd me, dretches my mourning to a time without end. Ar- gus with his head fet with dars, removes her from him, whillt he was lamenting in this manner ; and carries the daughter, after he had taken her from her father, into different padures. He f feizes up- on the lofty top of a mountain a good way off; from which, as he fits, he looks about him ©n all fides. F XII. But the governor of the Gods above is not able any longer to bear with fuch great calami- ties of 8 the grand-daughter of Phoroneus ; and calls his fon, whom the bright h Pleias, Maia, brought NOTES. Vents nothing but groans. e Not knowing what would happen. * Ports himlelf. 8 That is, To, the daughter of Inachus, u ho was the fen of Phoroneus king of the Argives, a people of Greece h The Pleiades, or Vergilia, are the leven ftars in the neck of the bull, which bull {Taurus) is the fceond lign of the Zodiack, which the fun enters B O O K I. Fab. XIII. 33 1 brought forth, and orders him to put Argus to .death. But fmall delay was made, to take his‘671 wings upon his feet, and his k foporiferous 1 Half • in his powerful hand, and a cap for his hair. Af- . ter he had put thefe things in order, the fon of Jupiter leaps down from his father’s high abode, upon the earth, and there took off his cap, and put off his wings : his Half alone was kept. With this he drives, as a Ihepherd, fame goats thro’ the lonely country, taken up, as he came along ; and plays upon m oat-Hraws he had joined together. Juno’s keeper, Argus, being charmed with the 678 /■meet noife of this new contrivance, fays, whofo- ever thou art, thou may’ft fit with me upon this Hone ; for there is not in any place more plentiful grafs for cattle : and thou feed; here a (hade conve- nient for (hepherds. The n grand-fon of Atlas, 682 f. e. Mercury, fat down, and with much talking flopped as it were the day in it’s progrefs, by his difeourfe ; and tries too to conquer his watchful eyes, by playing upon his joined pipes. Yet he 68$ drives hard to vanquilh foft fleep ; and tho’ fleep was received by part of his eyes, yet he wakes with the other part: he enquires too (for the pipe had been lately invented) by what means it had been found out. XIII. Then the God fays, In the cold moun- tains of Arcadia, there was amongfl the Hamadry- ades NOTES. in slpri!. The Pleiades are laid to have been the daughters of the fa- mous aftrologer Atlas king of Mauritania and Pleione, who was the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. ‘ The wings that Mercury wore at his feet were called Tataria (winged lh«es) from Talus the ankle- bone ; and his winged cap or hat was called Petafus, from a Greek verb, fignifying to fly, or rather, to ftretch out. 11 That is, caufing fleep. 1 Mercury’s ftaff was called Caduceus, having two fnakes twift” ed about it; with which he is faid to have called up fouls from the in- fernal regions, and to caufe fleep. A pipe made of oaten reeds. 0 Mercury was the fon of Jupiter and Maia (the faired of the Pleia- des) the daughter of Atlas. He was the meflenger of the Gods, and the God of eloquence, and of all gainful arts, and the patron of thieves. 54 METAMORPH. ades of ° Nonacrine, a certain Naias very famous' 691 the Nymphs called her Syrinx. She had not oncd: but many times, >’ eluded the Satyrs that purfued her and whatfoever Gods the lhady woods, and fruit ful country has in it. She q made her court to th? Ortygian Goddefs, /. e. Diana, by her employip ments, and by her virginity; and being clad aftei the fafliion of Diana, (lie might have deceived one, • and might have been thought to have been thd ' daughter of Latona, if flie had not had a bow oi < dog-tree, and the other one of gold : yet fo too (be 1 698 deceived people. Pan fpies her returning from thd hill of Lycasum, and having his head covered with! 701 (harp p\ne-leaves, he utters thefe words. r It re-, mained for him to fay the words : and that the Nymph flighting his fuit, fled thro’ olitarv places,. ’till (he came to the fmooth river of the fandy f La-i don ; and that here, the waters flopping her courfe, (he prayed to her liquid fiflers, that they would change her : and that Pan when he thought that; Syrinx was now caught by him, fcized upon fonre marfliy reeds, inflead of the body of the Nymph and whilfl he figh's there, that the winds moving amongft the reeds, made a fliril! noife, and like one 710 complaining. And the God being taken with this new art, and the fweetnefs of the found, faid, 1 this way NO r E s. XIII. 0 Nbnacris was a mountain and town in Arcadia. p Given the (lip to. i Imitated Diana in her manner of living ; in her exer- ciles. Diana is calied Ortygia, from a glove of that name near Epke- fus, where (he w as wot (hipped : or, becaufe the ifland Debs, where (he was born, was called Ortygia. r Mercury was juft going to tell the words, and prolecute the reft of the (lory; but perceiving in the mean time all the eyes of Argus to be afleep, he takes the opportunity to kill him; which made Mercury drop the (lory he was going to tell, which therefore the poet makes out for him. f A river in Arcadia. ' This communication, entercourfe or entertainment (hall always con- tinue betwixt us: or, as the ingenious Mr. Dryden exprefles it; Thou ftill (halt be the conlbrt of my mind; And often, often to my lips be join’d. Concilium here leems to be taken in the primary fignification of the word, foiconjurfiio, coagmer.tatioyconfociatio, copula: Thus Lucret. I. l8j. Qiappc abi mdla forent primordia, que genitals Concilia pojfent arccri tempore inijuo. B O O K I. Fab. XIV. 35 way of talking with thee (hall continue with me; and accordingly unequal reeds being (luck toge- ther with a joining of wax, they kept the name of the girl. The CyHenian God, i. e. Mercury, ibeing juft going to fay fuch things, faw all his eyes were funk, and his peepers “ covered with fleep. Immediately he (tops his voice, and confirms their fleep, ftroaking his languid eyes with his foporife- rous wand. And without delay, wounds him nod- 7x8 ding with his crooked fword, i. e. a falchion, where the head is joined to the neck ; and throws him down bloody upon the rock ; and ftains the crag- gy mountain with his blood. O Argus, thou lieft dead; and the light which thou hadft in fo many eyes, is put out; and one night feizes a hundred eyes together. The daughter of Saturn, /. e. Ju- no, takes thefe eyes, and places them in the feathers of her * bird ; and fills the tails of it with ftar-like gems. XIV. She was immediately inflamed with rage; nor did (he put off the time of expreffing her anger; and y prefented a dreadful fury before the eyes and mind of the 2 Grecian mifs, and hid in her bofom invifible ftings, and drove in a fright the poor wan- dring creature throughout the whole world. Thou, O Nile, remained!! the utmoft boundary to her im- menfe toil. Which as foon as (he reached, (he 730 fell upon her knees placed upon the edge of the bank, and railing herfelf up with her neck a-loof, and holding up the only face (he could to the ftars, (he feemed to complain with Jupiter, both by groan- ing, and tears, and a mournful lowing, and to beg 1 an end of her calamities. He embracing the neck 735 of his wife with his arms, begs (he would end her punilhment at laft; and lay afide your fears for the future, NOTES. H Cloyed. * That is, the peacock, facred to Juno. XIV. y Filled her eyes and imagination with the terrors of an Infernal fury. 2 That is, lo, the daughter ot luachus king of the Argives. 36 METAMORPH. future, fays he ; fhe (hall never be the occafion q any trouble to you again, and he a bids the Sty gian waters hear this. As foon as the Goddefa was pacified, (he, /. e. lo, takes her former lhapeij and becomes what Ihe was before : the hairs fljfl from oft her body, her horns decreafe, and the! ball of her eye becomes lefs; the opening of hei . mouth is contracted, her Ihoulders and her hands return, and her hoof vanifhing, is difpofed of inJ to five b nails: nothing of the cow remains in her, but the whitenefs of her appearance ; and the Nymph being now content with the fervice of two feet, is raifed upon them : and yet is afraid to fpeak,| left (he Ihould low after the manner of a cow ; and i timorous tries again oiiords long difufed. c Now fhe is worfhipped as a moll famous Goddefs, by the linnen-wearing people, i. e. the Egyptians. XV. Epaphus is believed to have been born to her at lall of the feed of great Jupiter ; and has ; temples jointly with his mother, in the cities of Egypt. Phaeton, fprung from the Sun, was equal . to him in fpirit and years; whom formerly talking I great things, and not yielding to him, and proud of his father Phoebus, the d grand-fon of Inachus could not bear; and faid, thou like a mad/W be- lievefl thy mother in all things, and art puffed up with e a conceit of a falfe father. Phaeton blulh- ed, and in fliame fuppreffed his refentment; and carried to Clymene his mother the reproaches of E- paphus. And, mother, fays he, to grieve you the more, I the free, the fierce youth, held my tongue: I am alhamed thefe fcandals fhould be uttered a* 761 gainft us, and that they could not be confuted. But, if NOTE S. * Calls the waters of Styx (an infernal lake) to witnefs. He fwore by Styx (an ordinary oath of the Gods) in confirmation of his pro- mite. b Fingers. c She is now adored as a Goddels in Egypt (under the name of Ifis) and lerved by a numerous train of priefts arrayed in robes of linnen. d That is, Epaphus, the fon of lo, the daugh- ter of Inachus, e The vain imagination of a pretended father. BOOK. I. Fab. XV. V "jf I am defcended of divine race, do you give me feme token of fo great a defeent, and f claim me for heaven. Thus he fpoke, and call his arms a- hout his mother’s neck ; and begged by her own, and g Merops’s head, and the marriage of his (ifters, that flie would give him fome tokens of his true fa- ther. It is doubtful whether Clymenc was more 765 moved by. the entreaties of her fon, or refentment of the crime charged upon her: (he held up both her arms to heaven ; and looking to the light of 1 the Sun, fhe fays, O fun, I fwear to thee by this 11 beam bright with fhining rays, which both hears I and fees us, that thou wall; begot by this Sun whom thou beholdeft; that thou ivoft begot by this Sun, who ‘ regulates the world ; and if I tell a lie, let him deny himfelf to be feen by me; and let this : light be the laft w'ith my eyes. Nor will it be any 774 long trouble for you to vifit your father’s dwelling. His houfe is contiguous to our earth, where he rifes. If your inclination does but difpofe you, go ; and you may enquire of himfelf. Phaeton immediately fprings forth, full of joy upon thefe fayings of his mother, and has now nothing but hea- ven in his mind ; and paffes by his k iilthiopians, and the 1 Indians fituated under the violent heat of the Sun; and briskly goes to the rifing of his fa- ther. D BOOK NOTES. 1 * Vindicate my relation to heaven. « Merops was the husband of I Clymene, which nymph was daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. h This 1 body of light. ‘ Governs with his influence. k The inhabitants of i. JEtbiopia, or the Blackmore’s country, beyond in Africa, 1 now called the Aytfmes, or Prtjier John's country; lying partly on 1 this fide, and partly beyond the Line. 1 The inhabitants of the Eaji- i Mies, a large country of Jfta, called, by the natives, Mojian. It 1 has it’s name from the river Indus. 3$ M E T A M O R P K. BOOK II. I. f"! ' H E a palace of the Sun was raifed higli * on lofty pillars, fhining with radiarii! A gold, and the b pyropus that looks likJ; fire ; the utmofl: top of which neat ivory covered|r Two folding-doors offilvcr (hone at the entrance . imd the workmanfhip exceeded the (luff; for c Muh i ciber had carved there the leas encompaffing the , earth in the middle ; and the orb of the earth, and) 8 the heaven which is over that orb. The waters have in them the green Gods, and the mufical Tri^i ton, and the ambiguous d Proteus, and f Algeom preffing the huge backs of whales with his arms ;. 1 Doris too and her daughters, part of which feem p to fwim, part fitting upon a bank cf mud to dry i their green hair, and fome to ride upon fifhes : they j have not all one face, nor yet quite different ; but\ 15 fuch as that of filiers ought to be. The earth has upon it men, and cities, and woods, and wild beads, | and rivers, and Nymphs, and other Deities of the country. Upon thefe was placed the figure of the Ihining heaven, and fix figns upon the right door, and as many upon the left. Whither, as foon as the fon of Ciymene came by an afcending path, and entered the houfe of his doubted-of father, im- mediately he turns his fteps towards his father’s •countenance, and (lands at a difiance ; for he could not NO T E S. I. 5 It lay in the call, beyond the Indies. b That is, a carbuncle, ■which is a precious (lone, in colour, like a burning coal. c Vulcan (the God ot fire, feigned to be Jupiter’s finith, and to forge his thun. .derbolts) was called Mulciber or Mulcifer, from foftning and polifiling iron- d He was one of the lea-gods, the (bn ot Neptune and the Nymph I hainice, keeper of the fta-calves; and could convert himlelf into all forts of (hapes. e One of the giants that warr’d again!! Ju- j,iter. He was call’d abb Briareus. Others make him a fea-god, the fon of Pontus and Terra. f She was the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, and wifeof Nereus; from whom iprungmany other Nymphs, Called Nereides, from their father, B O O K II. Fab. T. 39 :not bear a nearer approach of the light. * Phoebus 23 fat arrayed in a fcarlet gown, upon a throne (hin- : ing with bright emeralds. On his right and left were Day, and Month, and Year, aad Ages, and J Hours placed at equal diftances ; and the frefh ! Spring flood covered with a flourifhing crown ; >. Summer flood naked, and wore garlands made of 4 the ears of corn ; Autumn too flood there, befmear- • ed with preffed grapes ; and icy Winter rough with i hoary hairs. From thence the Sun being in themid- • die of the place, faw the young man affrighted at I the novelty of things, with thofe eyes, with which i he beholds all things ; and fays, What is the rea- 1 fan of your journey hither? what do you want in this caflle of mine, O fon Phaeton, not to be de- nied by your father ? He replies, O thou publick light of the vafl world, father Phoebus, if you grant me the ufe of this name, and Clymcne does not conceal a crime under a falfe pretence, give me fame pledges, by which I may be believed to be your iffue ; and take away this wavering from our minds. he faid. But the father took off the 40 rays fhining all round his head, and commanded him to come nearer ; and giving him an embrace, fays, Neither art thou worthy to be denied to be my fon, and Clymene h gave thee thy true defeent; and that thou may’ll the lefs doubt of it, ask any gift, and thou fhalt have it from me giving it thee: let the water to be fworn by the Gods, unknown to our eyes, be witnefs of this promife. Scarce 47 had he well done; when he begs his father’s cha- riot, and the 1 command and government of the wing-footed horfes for a day. The father was fer- ry he had fworn; who fhaking his illuffrious head three or four times, faid, My faying is become rafh by thine. I wifli I could not give what I promifed ! I confefs, fon, this alone I would deny thee. I may diffuadeyou. Thy deflre is not lafe. Thou defirefl D 2 a great NOTES. e °f the names of the Sun. h Or, hath told thee, ‘ The au- thority over, and management of. 40 M E T A M O R P H. a great gift, Phaeton; and what doth not fuit thy 56 ilrength, nor fach boyifli years. Thy conditions is mortal: that is not a thing for a mortal, which- thou wiiheft for. Thou ignorantly afFe NOTES. k They may every one of them have as good a conceit of themfelves as they pleafe. 1 Stand firm. m The axle-tre is put by the figure Synecdoche, for the whole chariot. - A high mountain lying between Tbeflaly and Macedonia; which, for it’s height, is often taken for hea- ven. 9 Tethys was the daughter of Ccelus and Terra, and the wn.e of Occanus; and taken ibxnetimes for the lea itle.a. BOOK II. Fab. r. 41- go betwixt the horns of the Bull r in your tvay, and through the 11 iEmonian bows, and the mouth of the violentr Lion, and the f Scorpion bending his arms by a long round, and the 1 Crab bending his claws in a different manner. Nor is it eafy for you to govern the deeds fpirited by thofe fires which they have in their breads, which they breathe out of their mouths and nodrils : they hardly fuffer me, when their keen minds are once heated, and their necks druggie with the reins. But do thou have a 88 care, fon, led I Ihould be the occafion of a prefent that iijHI be pernicious to thee; and whild the cafe allows it, correid thy wilhes. Well, you defire 9O' fame fure pledges, that you may believe you fprung from my blood. I give you fure pledges thereof by being thus concerned for you : and I am proved to be yofir father, by a fatherly fear. Lo, behold my countenance: and I wilh you could put your eyes into my bread, and difcover my fatherly con- cern therein. Finally, look about upon whatfoe- 95 ver the rich world has in it ; and ask any'one of fo many and fuch great good things of heaven, earth, and fea ; you {hall differ no refufal. This one thing I interpofe againd, which in it’s true name is a punifhment, not an honour : Phaeton-, D 3 vou NOTES.- r That puts againft you. s Ghiron, the fon of Saturn and Phillyra, was one of the Centaurs, a people of TheJJafy, called JEmoma, from JEmus, a mountain parting Thrace and Th'sJJa'.y. This Chiron, af- ter doing many excellent things, was- tranflated into the Fii moment, placed in the Zodiack, and made a conllelkiion there, called Sagitta- rius-, i. e the archer or bow-man. Hence the jEmonian bows. r This is thought to have been' the lion flain by Hercules in the wood of Nemxa ; which was by the favour of Juno, made a fign or con- flellation in the Zodiack. r The (corpien is a venomous infcft • in thicknefs and length about the fize of a man’s finger, having eight legs and two claws, and a knotted tail with a mighty venotuous ding at the end of it: the earth lent out a fcorpion againft Orion, which ftung him to death, for boafting that he could kill whstfcever [lie pro- duced. The fcorpion was made afign at length in the Zodiac#, by Jupiter, * The crab (Cancer) is one of the twelve figns of the Zodiack; made a ftar by Juno, by whofe order be went and bit Hercules by the foot and was (lain by him. Or, this is calleJ the crab, becaufe the Sun Being, in it, begins crab-wife to creep backward. 4.2 M E T A M O R P H. 100 you ask a punifhment for a prefent. Why, igno^r rant youth, do you hold my neck with your fawn-; ing arms ? Doubt not; whatfoever you wifh for, (hall be given you, (we have fworn by the Stygian waters) but do you wifh more wifely. He ended his admonitions. Yet the other redds his advice,' and predes his point, and burns with the defire of toy the chariot. Wherefore the father daying as long as he could, brings the young man to the high cha? i riot, a prefent of Vulcan’s. The axle-tree wa.s of gold, the pole of gold, the utmod rim of the wheel of gold ; the u range of fpoaks of filver : * Chry- folites and gems placed along the yoke in order, HI x gave a clear light, by refiedting the Sun. And whild the magnanimous Phaeton admires thofe things, and views the work, behold the watchful > Aurora opened the fcarlet doors from the bright fun-rife, and the courts full of rp.fes. The dars fly 2 away ; the troops whereof a Lucifer b follows, and moves the lad from his dation in heaven, Ii6 Then the father, when he faw the earth, and the whole world grow red, and the horns of the Moon almod fpent, vanifli aa it were ; Titan orders the fwift c Hours to put the horfes to the chariot. The nimble Goddefles perform their orders, and lead the deeds vomiting fire, fatiated with the juice of Am- brofia, NOTE S, E Row. * A chryfolite is a precious ftone of a gold colour, tranfpa- rent, mint with green. x Reflcfted bright rays upon Phoebus, (truck back by his own light, r Aurora was the daughter of Titan and Terr ra, and coufm-gcrman to the giant Pallas; whence (he is (bmetimes call’d Pallantias. She was the Goddefs of the morning, lifter of the Sun and Moon, and the mother of the (tars and winds. 2 Several ways. * That is, the morning or day-ftar. The planet Venus is lb called; becaufc, being the conftant attendant of the Sun, it appears (hit after his (etting, and lad before his nfing. When this ftar ap- pears before the. Sun's rifing, it is called Phofphorus or Lucifer ; that is, the morning ftar. When it appears after the Sun’s fetting, it is cal- led Hefperus, liefperugo, Vefper, Vefperus,. and Vefperugo, that is the evening ftar. k Draws up the rear. c The hours (Herit) were thought to be the daughters of Sol and Chronis; who early in the morning prepare the chariot and the hordes for their father, and open the gats*, of the day. B O O K II. Fab. I. 43 .1 brofia, from the high flails, and put the gingling ,j bridles on them. Then the father rubbed the face 122 : of his fon with a facred^- ointment, and made it ; capable of enduring the rapid flame : and put the 1 rays upon his hair : and fetching from his troubled I breaft d fighs prefaging his future forrow, he faid ; i If thou can’ft obey e this advice at leafl, of thy fa- 125 ; ther, fpare, my boy, the goads, and ufe the bridle i ftrongly. They make hafle enough of their own ac- ' cord : f it is a trouble to flop them willing enough I of th^mfelves. And let not the way pleafe you g 1 by the five bows direri. There is a h road cut ob- 130 liquely with a broad bending, and being contain- j ed within the limits of three ‘ Zones, it (huns the fouthern NOTES.. , a Frequent fighs. e Hie faltem, In this point at lead. f Alt the dif- ficulty is. e That is, .ftraight forward thro’ the fire parallel circles ; viz. the Equator, the two Tropicks of Cancer and Capricorn, the sir- dick (or north polar) circle, and the slntartick (or fouth polar) circle. h This road is called the Zodiack, which is reckon’d the greateft circle in. the fphere, and cuts the EquinoBiJ or Equator obliquely in two points. In the middle of which Zodiack there is another circle, called the Ediptici line, (lb named, becaufe, the ecliples of the Sun and Moon always happen under it) under which the Sun leems conflantly to move, and through which he pafleth in a year. And when he arrives at theft twa points, wherein the Zodiack cuts the EquinoBial, which is twice a year, viz. (in the beginning of the fign Aries, being the 1 nh of March, and in the beginning of the fign Libra, or the 12th of Sep- tember) the days and nights are alike long all over the earth, (except juft under the pole) which makes the Vernal and Autumnal Equinoxes. 1 Theft three zones or circles are the tropicks of Cancer and Capricorn (which the Sun never palleth ever) and the Equator; which is a circle that divides the globe into two equal parts, called the Southern and Northern Hcmifpheres; and ’tis commonly called by navigators, The line. T'vc Tropicks are two circles, equally diftant (viz. 23 degrees and an half) from the Equator. The northern Tropick is Cancer, at which when the Sun arrives on the 11 th of June, it makes our longeft day, and Summer Solftice. T he fouthern Tropick is called Capricorn; at which when the Sun arrives on the nth of December, it makes our Ihorteft day, and Winter Solftice. The Zones are certain broad cir- cles, encompafling the globe like a belt, and they are five in number, viz. One Torrid, which lies between the two Tropicks, and is divided by the Equator into two equal parts : lb it may be called two Torrid ZonfSj- the. one,on this fide, apd the other beyond the Equator. This was 44 METAMORPH. fouthern pole, and the k Bear joined to the Aqu?™ lones. Let your way be here : you will fee plaifi prints of the wheel. And that heaven and eartra may have equal heat, neither go too low, nordriv® 135 the chariot along the top of the sky. If you gca too high, you will burn the celeftial figns ; and i) you go too low, the earth : you will go fafelt in the midft. And let not the right wheel carry you ofl to the wreathed 1 Snake, nor the left draw you to the low m Altar. Keep betwixt both. I commit the reft to fortune; who I pray may help you, and 142 provide better than you do for your felf. Whilft I fpeak, the moift night has reached the goals placed upon the weftern fliore : further delay is not allowed us» We are called upon, and the darknefs 145 being banilhed, the morning fttines. Take the reins in your hand ; or if you have a breaft to be changed, ufe our advice, not chariot, whilft you may ; and yet ftand upon folid ground : and whilft you, ignorant foul, do not 11 yet load the chariot you 0 badly wiflied for, fuffer me to give light to 150 the world, which you may fee fecure. He p feizes upon the light chariot with his youthful body, and Hands upon it ; and rejoices to take in his hands the reins given him ; and then gives thanks to his father unwilling to receive them. In the mean time, the winged horfes of the Sun, Pyroeis, Eons, and Aithon, and the fourth Phlegon, fill the air with inflamed neighings, and beat the barriers with their Ij6 feet. Which after Tethys, ignorant of the fate of her NOTES. was thought by the ancients to be uninhabitable, by reafon of the fcorching heat of the Sun. There are allb two Frigid Zones, lying be- tween the Polar Circles and the Poles. And two Temperate, lying be- tween the Polar Circles and the Tropicis. k That is, the north pole, near to which the bear (a conftellation in the firmament) is traced. And the poet lays, the bear is joined to the /quihnes (the north-winds,) becaufe they blow from that part, where that conftellation is fix’d. 1 The fnake, or dragon, is a conftellation between the two bears, to- wards the north pole. m The altar is a conftellation of feven liars, towards the ibuth pol:. " Sit upon. 0 lU-chofen.“T Leaps nimbly BOOK II. Fab. I. 45' ner grandfon, pulhed away, and a full fcope of ,;he valt heaven was given them ^ they took their way, and cleave the oppofite clouds with their feet .moving through the air, and raifed upon their wings, pafs the eaft-wind that arofe from the fame parts. But the weight of the chariot was light, 161 .and what the horfes of the Sun could not perceive ; ;and the yoke wanted its wonted heavinefs. And ; as crooked (hips, without r a proper weight : to ballance them, [ totter, and through their too much lightnefs move unlleadily through the fea ; thus does the chariot give jumps into the air with- out the ufual weight, and is kicked up on high, and is like one.empty. Which as foon as the hor- 167 fes perceived, they rufh forward, and leave the beaten road, and run not in the order as theji did before. He is frighted, and knows not which way to turn the reins comniitted to him; nor does he know where.the way is, nor if he did know, could he command them. Then for the firft time did the 171 cold 1 Triones, /. e. northern flars fo called, grow hot, and attempted in vain to be dipped in the fea that was forbidden them. And the u Serpent which is feated next to the icy pole, being ’till then ftiff with cold, and not formidable to any one, became mighty warm, and felt * new rage from the heat. ’ They fay too, that you x Bootes fcowred ojf in a 176 mighty NOTES. H They had full liberty to travel the boundlefs univer/e. r Their i due ballaft. f Keel. 1 This is theconflellation Urfa major (the great- er bear) having feven bright liars in it. According to the poets, Ju- 1 piter begot Areas of Calillo the daughter of Lytaon, king of Arcadia; j whereupon Juno turned them both into bears. But Jupiter tranflated them into heaven, and made Califlo the greater bear (Urfa major,) and I Areas the lefler bear (Urfa mit.or) liars near to the north pole, which never do let in our horizon. And Juno being angry at their prefer- j ment, obtained of Tethys, the goddels of the lea, that they ihouli I never be allowed to dip in her waters: and therefore thele liars are faid never to let. u That is, the dragon, which had formerly been the keeper of the golden apples of the Hcfpcridcs, but was (lain’; by- Hercules, and made a liar by Juno, and placed between the two bears, lb that it encompalleth them both with the windings of it’s body. * Wnuflial. x Bootes (the sx-dtivet) is likeways called Arc- tophylax. 46 M E T A M O R P H. mighty buftle, altho* you were but flow, and thy "Y cart hindred thee. But when the unhappy Phae- - ton beheld from the top of the .either the earth r H lying far, very far below, he grew pale, and his knees trembled with the hidden fright; and dark- ■ nefs overfpread his eyes in the midft of fo much l8i light. And now he could wifli that he had never meddled with his father's horfes : now he is forry that he ever knew his pedigree, and that he pre- ‘ vailed in his fuit to his father: now deflring to be called Merops’s fon ; he is hurried along juft as a pine, i. s. a Jhip, driven by a furious north-wind ; to which her fteers-man has given up all her z bri- , die, /. e. helm, mafter’d by the jlorm, which he has j 185 left to the Gods and his prayers. What can he do ? much of heaven is left behind his back ; but there is more before his eyes. He meafured both in his mind ; and one while looks forward to the weft, which it is not allowed to him by fate to reach ; and fometimes looks back to the eaft; and being ignorant what to do, he is ftupified ; and neither lets go the bridle, nor is able well to hold it; nor does he know the names of the horfes ; and in great fright he fees ftrange objetts fcattered up and down in a diverfe parts of heaven, and the forms 195 of huge wild-beafts. There is a place where the b Scorpion bends his arms into c two bows, and with his tail, and clutches turned round on each fide, ftretches his 11 members through the fpace of two figns. As foon as the youth faw him all wet with a fweatof black poifon, threatening wounds with NOTES. tophylax (the bear-keeper) and is a ftar near to the greater bear; which Bootes leems to follow the wain like a herdfraan or waggoner. Charks’s-wnin (Phmjirum) the draught-oxen (Triottes) and the bear (Ur- fa) are accounted one and the tame conftellation. r Extended every way, and at a prodigious depth from him. z Tackle. a The be- ipangled heaven. b This Scorpion is a fign, or conftellation of the Zmack, made up of twenty one liars; its claws or arms feem to make the ftgn Libra; but the crooked tail points out the Scorpion itfelf. c The (hape of a double bow. ‘ His body into the extent of two coe- (lellations. B O O K II. Fab. I. 47 'with * the bended point of his tongue; bereft of his wits at once, he dropped the reins in a cold fright. Which after the horfes felt lying on the top of 201 their backs, they rulh out; and no body reftrain- ing them, they fcowr away thro’ the air of an un- known region ; and where their fury drove them, that way they f hurry along, and run againfttheftars fixed up in the high heavens, and drag away the chariot through « lonely places: and one while make for the higheft parts; another while are bom away in a h defcent, and ‘ fleep ways, in a k place nearer to the earth. And the 1 Moon admires that 208 her brother’s borfes run lower than her own ; and the m burnt clouds fmoak. As any land is highefl:, 2x0 it is catched by the flames, and rending 11 makes great chafms; and is quite dried, its moiflure be- ing all carried off. The grafs grows gray, and trees are burnt with their leaves; and the dry {landing corn affords fewel for its own confumption. I 1 complain of fmall matters. Great cities with their walls perifh : and the fires turn whole nations with their people to afhes. Woods with mountains pe- 217 rifli. 0 Athos burns, and the Gilician f Taurus, and ^ Tmolus, and r Oete; and r Ide then dry, for- merly very famous for its fountains; and 1 Helicon frequented by virgins, /. e. the mufes; and u Hamms . not NOTES. ' His barbed fling. [The fcorpion is faid to have its venom in the teeth and tail, rather than the tongue.] f Run dilbrderly. t Places where there was no way before.- 11 Declivities. ‘ Precipices. k Traft. 1 [The Moon, being the fecondary planet or fatellite of the earth, is the lowefl of the planets.] m Sing’d. “ Works into chinks. 0 [From this to the word Upemine are fo many mountains reckon’d to have been lefon fire by Phaeton’s ramble. Athts, a mountain of Macedonia like a peninfula; allb a city upon that mountain. P Taurus the greateft mountain in all Afiat of leveral names in feveral countries through which it pafleth; and particularly call’d Taurus by the Cilici. ms. ‘J In Phrygia, abounding in wine, faffron, and honey. r In Thef. faly, famous for the funeral pile and death of Hercules. f In Phrygia, three miles from Troy. Alfo another in Crete- 1 In Bmtia, facred to the mules. u In Thrace; at the foot of which mountain are theplea- fant fields of Tbejfaly, called Tempo; and upon which Orpheus the fon of 45 METAMORPH. mot yet called Oeagrius. * ,®tna burns to a pro- digious height with doubled fires; and two-head- ed * ParnafTus, and i Erix, and z Cynthus, and J Othrys, and b Rhodope that was at lalt to want (hows ; and c Mimas, and d Dindyma, and c My- cale, and f Cithseron made the celebration of \io~ ly rites. Nor do its colds avail Scythia ; s Cau- cafus is on fire, and Offa with Pindus, and Olym- pus bigger than them both ; and the lofty h Alps, 227 and the cloudy ‘ Apennine. But then Phaeton be- holds the world fet on fire on all fides, and can- not endure fuch mighty heats ; and fucks in at his mouth the hot air, as it were out of a profound furnace ; and k perceives his chariot to burn. And now too he cannot bear the afhes and embers thrown out ; and is involved on all hands with hot fmoak : and being covered with a pitchy darkncfs, he knows not whither he is going, nor where he is ; and is hurried away at the pleafure of the wing- 23; ed horfes. They believe that then the nations of the Ethiopians 1 got their black hue, the blood being “ fetched into the outer parts of«4.he body. Then NOTES. of Oeagrus and Calliope was torn in pieces by women, in the time of their facrificing to Bacchus : Whc nee it is called Oeagrius. * This is a burning hill in Sicily; which, befides its own fires, was fet on fire by Phaeton. * In the country of Pkocis, facred to Apollo and the mules, y In Sicily, facred to Venus. 2 In Delos, an illand in the jE- gtan fea ; in which mountain Apollo and Diana were born ; whence he was called Cynthius, and fhe Cynthia. * In Thejfaty, a feat of the Centaurs and Lapithe. b In Thrace, always covered with fhow. c In Ionia, near to the eity Colophon. Alfb another in Thrace, always cloudy and rainy. d In Phrygia, facred to Cybele the mother of the Gods; whence fhe is called Dindymene. ' In the country of Caria, over againft the ifland Samos. f In Baeotia, famous for the facrifices of Bacchus, r In Scythia-, upon which mountain Prometheus, the fbn of Japetus and father of Deucalion, was, for dealing fire from heaven, fall chain’d, and a vulture fet perpetually to gnaw upon his liver. h Thefe are high mountains, which part Italy from Germ .ny and France. * [It is a long ridge of high hills (faid to fupport the clouds) parting Italy down along through the middle of the whole length of it from the slips, almoft between the Tyrrhene and the yJdriatick leas.] k Finds his chariot exceffively hot. 1 Contra fled, 11 Forced into the extreme parts BOOK. n. Fab. I. 4V Tiien n Libya was made dry, the moifture being carried off by the heat. Then the Nymphs lament- ed the lofs of their fprings and lakes, with their hair fpread abroad. 0 Boeotia laments fori* Dirce, ^ Ar- gos r Amymone, f Ephyre the waters of ' Pyrene. Nor do rivers that had got banks remote from one another in place, remain fecure . u Tanais fmoak- ed in the middle of its waters, and aged Peneus, and the Theutrantean * Caicus, and the fwift x If- ni enus, w'ith the Phocaick r Erymanthus, and * Xanthus that was to burn again, and the yellow 1 Lycormas. And b Masander, who plays in his winding ftreams ; and the Mygdonian c Melas, and the Tsenarean * Eurotas. The Babylonian E Euphrates NOTES. parts of their bodies. 11 Libya, ftridtly taken, is that parched, dry part of Afriea, that lies between the countries of Mauritania and Cyrcxaica y in a large fenfe, it is taken for all Africa. ° A country in Greece, divided from Attica by the hift'Cytheros. r A fountain into wdiich Dirce, the wife of Lycus king of Thebes, was turn’d, not far from that city. a An ancient, noble city of Achaia or Pclcponnefus, now the Morea. r The name of a river in Pchpannefus, and a fountain there, fa called from Amyraone, the daughter of Danaus king of the Argives, into which Ihe was turned, near the city Argos. f The city Corinth, fo called from the nymph Ephyra. 1 A fountain at the foot of the caftle of Corinth, and lacred to the mules. 11 A great river in Scythia, dividing Europe from Afia. * A river in Myfia, a country in the leA fer Afia, which river is here called Theutrantean, probably from Teu- thras, Pandion’i Ion, who was king of Myfia and Cilicia. x A river of Boeotia, running clofe by the city Thebes into Euripus, which is a narrow lea between Boeotia and Ed'ce ., that ebbs and flows leven times in 24 hours, r A river in the country Phocis. Allb a river and mountain in Arcadia. 2 A river in Troas, a country in the lefler Afia, w hereof Troy was the chief city This river was dried up in the time of the Trojan war, by Vulcan’s calling much fire into it; and feed now a lecond tinje by Phaeton. a A river of JEtolia, having yellow Sand.,, called ajyerwards TyetzaJ, and now Phidari. It runs by the city Calydon, b A. large river in Phrygia, now called Madre. It runs with about fix hundred turnings and windings in it. c A ri- ver in Mygdonia, which is a country ot~ Macedonia lying towards Thrace. This river makes the Iheep black that feed by it. Melas is allb the name of feveral other rivers. 4 A river of Laconia, run- ning by the city Sparta or Lacciemon, and near the promontory Te- nam. There is another remarkable river of this name in Tbcjjaly. M E T A M O R P H. c Euphrates too was burnt up ; { Orontes wa 250 burnt, and the fwift e Thermodoon, and h Ganges and ‘ Phafis, and k Ifter. 1 Alpheus is in a val heat ; the banks of the Sperchius burn ; and th gold which m Tagus carries in its river, melts wit the fire ; and the river-birds, which " ferenaded th 0 Mseonian banks with their finging, grew vaftl hot in.the middle of p Cayfter. The Nile being af frighted, ran into the furtheft/w7 tht world, an< hid his head, which dill lies hid. His feven mouth are void cf water, and dufty, being feven valley without any water in them. The fame misfortun dries up the ’ Ifmarian rivers, Hebrus with Stry mon ; and the weftern rivers, the r Rhine, and th- Rhone NOTES. * A famous river of Mjfepotamia (a country in Afia) arifing out 0 Kifrhatcs a hill of Armenia; one of the rivers that cometh out of Pc raiift, and pafleth through Babylon. f The largeft river'of Syria, aril ing out of mount Lebanon ; and walking many cities, it funs throng! Antioch into the fea; and is now called Oronz, Tarfar and Soldino. r J river of Cappadocia; another of Scythia Europaa, and Thrace. h Th greateft river of the Ecift-Indies. ' A large river in Colchis, which is . country in Afta. k IJkr or Danubbu, the Dano-ur, is the greateft rive in Europe. As kpafleth by the country PJyrkwn, it changeth itsnamt and is called JJler; and arifing out of the hill Abnoba m the lowe fide of Germany, it runs into the Euxhit lea. ‘A river of Arcadia which runs down along by the city Pifa into Greece, and there i fwallowed up of the Earth, and runs under ground, and thence pal feth through the fea without mingling its ftreatnS with the fait wa ters, till it arrives at Sicily, where it blends its current with the form tain Aretkufa near the city Syracuff ; infomuch that anything that i thrown into this river on Greece fide, (hews itfdf again in Arethufi m A river in Spain, falling into the lea two leagues below Lisbon. I is now called the Taio, and is fin’d to carry gold-land in the bottom o it. n To ferenade, commonly (ignifies, to make a Conlbrt in thi 111 id die of the night, or morning early, in theopen aiVof ftrCet. Am Ibme think thele words [yvkh their finding] needlels, 0 A countr) of lefltr Afta; called allb Lydia. P A river of Afia, about the cih Ephefus, abounding with fwans. s That is, Thracian, called IfmarL’-, from Ifimras, a mountain of Thrace. * A river which parts Franc and Germany ; and after it hath run 3®o miles, falls into the Ala: (a river in the Low Countries) and the German lea. B O O K II. Fab. I. 5i Rhone, and the * Po, and the ’• Tiber, to whom he government of the world was * granted. * All 260 he ground gapes, and the light penetrates through he chinks into hell, and terrifies the infernal Cing with his wife: and the fea is contracted; nd that is a field of dry fand, which lately was ea. The mountains too, which the deep fea had ■overed, Hart up, and increafed the number of the cattered y Cyclades. The fifties get to the bot- om : nor dare the crooked dolphins raife them- elves above the feas into the air, as ufual. The aodies of fea-calves lye belly' uptvards, dead upon :bc top of the deep. The report is too, that tsTe- reus himfelf, and Doris and their daughters, lay aid under the warm waters. Three times Neptune -273 ventured to thruft his arms, w'ith a Item counte- nance, out of the waters; but three times he could not bear the f fires of the air. Yet the kindly earth as fhe was furrounded with the fea, amidft the waters of the main, and the fpriogs 1 on all lides contracted, which had hid themfelves in the bowels of their dark mother, lifted up dry as fhc war, her aM-bearing face, and held her hand before her forehead, and fhaking all things with a vafl trembling, {he funk down a little, and was below what fhe ufes to be ; and thus fpeaks with her • dry voice. If this b pleafes you, and ! have de- ferved it, e why do your thunders oeafe, O you E 2 greatefl NOTES. f A river in France, which parts it from Savoy ; it rifeth almoft two German miles from the head of the Rhine, and parting by Geneva, falls into the Mediterranean fea. 'A river in Italy, called Eriianus by the poets. It rifeth. out pf the SUps, and runs into the gulf of Venice with many mouths. u [The moft noted river in Jtah, divid- ing Tufcany from Latium; where after it hath wafhed the walls of Rome, it runs into the Tyrrhene fea.] * Promifed by fate. x The whole Body of the Earth flies afunder. >' The Cydadcs are iflands of the VEgean fes about Delos, in number fifty three, all in a round, f The fultry heat. 7 Shrunk on every fide. “ Others, for fee2 read facra. 11 Is your refolution. 'Why is your Thunder un- employed? 52 METAMORPH. greatcft of the Gods ? Let me, if I muft perifh bj : the force of Fire,perifh by your fire ; and make my | misfortune more eafy to me by the author of it.. Indeed it is with mudi ado I get my Jaws openi* for thefe very words; (the heat bore hard upon her;! month) lo, behoid my finged hair, d and fo much hot embers in my eyes; fo much of them on my face.* 285 Do you return me thefe 'fruits, this f honour of my fertility and fervice, that I bear the wounds of the crooked plough and harrows, and am E exer- cifed all the year round, for that 1 furnilh leaves for the cattle, and the fruits of the earth h pleafant food for mankind, and frankincenfe for you ? But fnppofe I.had.delerved deftrudtion, what hive the I •waters deferved P What has your brother deferv- ed i Why do the feas, delivered to him by lot, decreafe, and are removed further from the Sky ? But if neither a regard for your brother, nor mer affefts you ; yet pity your own heaven : look about, both-poles fmoakon each hand of you ; which if the 296 fire ‘ dellroys, your palaces will tumble. Lok At- las himfelf is in dillrefs, and hardly fupports the burning heavens upon his (boulders. If the fea, if the earth perilhes, if the palace of heaven pe- rilhes, we are then jumbled into the old chaos a- gairt. Deliver it from the flames, if there be any thing yet left; and provide for the prefervation of 300 the world. Thefe things faid the earth alone ; for indeed (he could not bear the heat any longer, nor fay more; and pulled back her face within herfelf, and to caves that are nigh the ghofts. But the al- mighty father calling all the Gods of heaven to witnefs, NOTES. j Others read the original here thus: Inqtte oculis fumum ; v6l\tant fuper ora favillt. And the finoke in my eyes; the embers too fly bvermy mouth. ' Ad- vantages. { Reward. E Harafled. h Kindly. ' Indamages. k [rttbs king of Ma’tritania was famous for Aftrology; and thence feign’d to. have been turn’d into a very high hill of that name, and to bear up the Heavens.] B O O K II. Fab. II. S3- ■witnefs, and him too that had given Phaetcn the chariot, that unlefs he gave his gifirtancc, all things would perifh by a heavy fate ; he mounts aloft to the higheft eminence of heaven, from whence he ufes to draw the the clouds over the broad earth ; from whence he makes his rumbling noife, and throws his brandifh’d thunderbolts. But then he neither had clouds to draw over the earth ; nor fliowers to pour down from the fky. He makes a rattling noife, and threw a thunderbolt ‘heaved from his right ear, at the charioteer ; and at once drove him from his life and the 01 wheels, and Hop- ped fires with cruel fires. The horfes are affrighted, 314 and making a jump oppofite to the thunder, they get their necks out of the yoke, and leave the har- nefs all broke to pieces. . In one place lye the bridles, in another the axle-tree pulled away from the pole ; in another part the fpoaks of the broken wheels; and the "fragments of the chariot pul- led in pieces, were fcattered far and wide. But 3l9 Phaeton, whilft the flame burns his yellow hair, tumbles headlong, and moves in a long tradl thro’ the air ; as fometimes a liar, which “ if it did not fall from the ferene heaven, jet might feem to fall t. Whom the great river Eridanus re- ceives in a part of the world far diftant from his ■ native country, and waflies his fmoking face. II, III. The ^ Hefperian Naiades commit his body fmoking from the three-forked fire to a tomb, and infcribe the ftone thereof with verfes to this effett. Here lyes Phaethon the guider of his fa- ther’s chariot, which if he r did not keep fccure, yet he mifcarried in a grand attempt. But the mi- 328 E 3 fcrabie NOTES. 1 bevelled. K [The wheels are put for the chariot, by the figure Syn ecdochc.] 11 The remains. 0 Tho\ [P as being a meteor.] II. III. [ a That is, Wcftern, or of //fliy.] J Was cot able to -' govern. 54 M E T A M O R P H. ferable father hid his face overfpread with f difmaE- forrow, (and if we may but believe it) they fay that one day pafled without any Sun. The fires gave light enough, and there was fome convenience 333 in that calamity. But Clymene, after Ihe had faid, whatever things were to be faid in fo great mif- fortunes, ' run over the whole world mourning and diftraded, and tearing her bofom ; and firlt feeking for his lifelefs limbs, and then his bones, Ihe found his bones however buried upon the bank of a foreign river; and lay down upon the place, and bedewed his name, read upon the marble ftone, with her tears, and warmed it with her naked bread. 340 The " Heliades, or daughters of the Sun, mourn no lefs, and beftow tears, an empty prefent, upon his death ; and fmiting their breads with their palms, call night and day upon Phaeton, who was not like to hear their miferable complaints ; and lye fpread about his grave. The moon had four times * filled up her difk, by joining her horns; whild they, according to their cudom (for ufe had made it a cudom) uttered great lamentations ; of which Phaethufa, the elded of the liders, being defirous to lye down upon the ground, complained that her feet grew diff; to whom the fair Lampetie endea- vouring to come, die was detained by a root fud- 350 den\y growing aiout her feet. A third endeavour- ing to tear her hair, pulls off leaves : another complains that her legs were held fad by the dump of a tree ; another that her. arms were become long boughs. And whild they wonder at thefe things, the bark clofes upon their groins, and by degrees encompades their bellies, and breads, and dioul- ders,. NOTES. f Penfive. * Perctnfuit, carefully examined over. This is a meta- phor taken from the officers, whole bufinefs it was to enter the names, of people and their eflates in a catalogue, in order to tax them, v [They were fb called, from Hetius, a Greek name of their Father’s ; as a\Co Phaelontiades, from their brother * Filled her circle,. by drawing her Points together. That is, four Montlis had palled. ders, and hands ; and their mouths only were left out, calling upon their mother. What could their 357 mother do ? but go x hither and thither, whither her paflion draws her, and join her mouth with theirs, i. e. kifs them, whilft (he may. But that is not enough : (he tries to pull their bodies out of the trunks of the trees, and breaks the v tender branches with her hands : but from thence drops of blood flow as from a wound. Which foever «/'362 them is wounded, cries out, O mother, fpare me, I befeech you ; fpare me, I befeech you : my body is torn in the tree ; and now farewell : the bark came over the laft words From z thence the tears 365 flow ; and amber dropping from the new boughs, harden in the Sun ; which the a clear river re- ceives, and fends to be worn by the Latin La- dies. IV. Cvcitus the Ion of Sthenelus, was by at this ftrange event ; who tho’ he was allied to thee. Phaeton, by the blood of his mother, yet was he nearer to thee in affeftion. He leaving his king- dom (for he reigned over the people and large ci- ties of the b Ligurians) filled the green banks, and the river Po, and the wood augmented with his c filters, with his complaints; 4 when the man’s- voice was rendred (brill, and gray feathers e con- ceal his hair, and his neck is ftretched out to a great length from his bread, and a f membrane g ties together his h red toes : wings cover his (ides ; a bill without a point takes up-his mouth. 1 Cycnus becomes a new bird ; and does not trud 377 himfelf to the k Iky and Jupiter, as being mindful of NOTES. x To this daughter and that daughter, r Twigs. 2 That is, from the bark. » Tranfparent. b [ The(e Ligurians were a people of Italy, bordering upon Tufiany.'] c Or, his own coufin-gcrmans. d When his voice grew too fmall for a man’s. 'Cover. fA conti- nued film (kin. « Unites. hToes turning red. ’ Or, he becomes a, Avan, a new bird; not before in being. k Either to the air, or Jufir icr (the governor of it.) M E T A M O R P H . of the fire 1 unjuftiy thrown by liim. He makes V to the pools, and wide lakes ; and hating fire,. I chofe the rivers, contrary to flames, to dwell in. V, VI. In the mean time, the father of Phae- ton m making a vile appearance, and dellitute of his comelinefs, juft fuch as he ufes to be, when he fuffers an eclipfe in his 11 drfk, both hates the light, himfelf, and the day ; and gives up his mind to forrow, and adds refentment to his for- 205 row, and denies his fervice to the world. My condition, fays he, has been reftlefs enough from the very beginning of ° my life, and I repent of the pains v taken by me without end, and with- out honour. Let any one elfe drive the chariot that carries the light. If there be no body, and all the Gods confefs they cannot do it, let him, e. Jupiter, drive it, that however, whilfl: he tries our reins, he may at lall lay afide his thun- der, that is to deprive fathers of their children. Then he may know, when he has tried the Arength of the fire-footed h.orfes, that he did not deferve death, who could not well govern them. All the Deities Aand about the Sun, faying fuch things ; and beg with humble fupplication, that he would not bring eternal darknefs upon the earth. Jupi- ter too excufes the fire thrown at his Sen, and like a King, adds threats to lus entreaties. Upeji that Phoebus gathers together his horfes, and f-adly grieving, vents his fury upon them, with the goad and the whip ; for he is in a fury, and upbraids-- them with his fon, and charges his death upon them. NOTE S. 1 Unkindly. ra Being rough. Or, mournfully habited. 11 [Difk, Shat is, the round phafcs (appearances or pofitions) of the Sun or Moon, which at a great diftance appear plain or flat.] 0 The world. Thriven through. This is an allufion to his bufloefi. s Bolts. 30 O K BOOK III. Fab. I. 57 BOOK III. I. AND now the 1 God laying afide the fhape ZA of the deceitful bull, difcovered himfelf; J- A. and was got into the b Didaean country, i. e. Crete. When the father of the lady, ignorant ef the matter, orders Cadmus to c feek out his daughter ; and declares moreover his punilhment Ibould be banifhment, if he did not find her ; being d pious, and e wicked in the fame adiion. The 6 fon of Agenor, i. e. Cadmus, f wandring through the whole world (for who could difcover the in- trigues of Jupiter!) being no-a) an exile, avoids both his country, and his father’s refentment; and in fuppliant manner con.ults the oracle of Apollo, and asks him what land he was to dwell in. A cow, ^fays Phoebus, (hall meet thee in the IO E lonely fields, that has had no yoke upon her neck, and free from the crooked plough. h Take your way with her for your guide ; and in the grafs, i. e. field, where (he lies down to reft, fee you build a city, and call it the Boeotian city. Scarce had Cadmus got well down from the ; Caftalian cave, when he efpies a young cow without a keep- er march flowly along, bearing no mark bf fervi- tude upon her neck. He follows, and k purfues I? her fteps with a flow pace ; and filently adores Phoebus, the advifer of this way. And now he had paHTed the waters of Cephifus, and the fields NOTES. I. 1 [That is, Jupiter; who, in the form of a white bull, carried through the fea, on his back Europa the daughter of Agenor, king of Phtmcia, into Crete. b Dide is a mountain of Crete, which is one of the nobled iilands in the Mediterranean fea, lying oppofite to the mouth ot the slrcbipclagtj or JEgean fea; and ’tis now called Candia or Candy.] c Make ftrift ftarch for. d Afftflionate. c Unnatural. f Having traverfed over the earth, s Solitary. h Goon flowly un- der her guidance. > [Cajtdlm was a mountain and fpring (facred to the mules) between the city Delphi and the hill Pamaffus, at the foot of which hill flood the City Delphi, famous for the oracle of Apollo.] k Tracks her. 58 METAMORPK. of1 Panope ; -when the cow ftood (till, and lifting up her forehead, graced with high horns, towards heaven, (he ” puflied away the air with her low- 22 ings. And fo looking behind upon her compani- ons following her back, (he fell down, and laid her lide upon the tender grafs, Cadmus gives thanks, and fixes his kiffes upon this ((range land ; 26 and falutes the unknown mountains and fields. He was new to offer facrifice to Jupiter : he orders his fervants to go, and fetch water from the running fprings, to be u(ed in the libation. There ftood an ancient wood, that had been D cut with no ax, and a cave in the middle, thick covered with twigs and 0 (hoots of trees, making a low arch by a join- ing of (tones, abounding with plenty of water: where a fnake, facred to Mars, was hid within the cave, f finely adorned with crifts, and a golden colour. His eyes fparkle with q fire, and all his body fwells W'ith poifon ; and three^tongues dart out of his mouth; and his teeth (land in a triple 35 row. Which grove, after the men who came from the r Tyrian nation, arrived at with an unfortu- nate pace, and the pitcher let down into the wa- ters made a noife, the f green ferpent put his head out of the long cave, and uttered dreadful hidings. The pitchers fell from their hands, and the blood forfook their bodies; and a fudden trembling feizes 41 upon their 1 torpid limbs. He twirls his fcaly rings in rolling plaights, and by an immenfe jump is bent into a bow; and being elevated above one half of him into the light air, he overlooks all the grove; and is of as large a (ize, as if you look upon u him entire, the ferpent which feparates the 46 two Bears, e. ConfleUations fo called. Without delay NOTES. 1 [A city of Pixis.] m Pierced. ” Profan’d. 'Woods were held fa- cred. 0 Ofiers. r Shining all around with his golden creft. q Fiery rednefs. r Tyre is an ifland and city of Phoenicia, a country of Syria in s4fia: Which Tyre was once the mart town of the world-] f Blue- Ipotted. 1 Benumbed. “ [That is, the Drag<$k; which, after the manner of a river (as Virgil fays, Georg, j, 244.) moves about th; north pole.} B O O K III. Fab. I. 59 i ielay he feizes upon the Phoenicians, (whether they were preparing their weapons for an encounter, or flight; or their fear hindred both).fome with bites ; others with long # embraces; x fome he kills with his breath, others with the deadly bane of his poifon. Now the Sun being at the higheft, jo • had made the (hadows of bodies but fmall: the fon of Agenor wonders what caufe of delay his com- panions had met with; and traces his men. His garment was a skin torn from a lion ; and his lance with a bright fleel-head, was his weapon; and a dart; and a brave foul better than any wea- pon whatever. As foon as he entered the wood, yj and faw the bodies of bis men dead, and the victo- rious enemy, of a vaft body, upon them, licking their y difmal wounds with his bloody tongue; * My moft faithful bodies, fays he, I will either be the avenger of your death, or the companion of it. Thus he fpoke ; and with his right hand took up a milftone, and threw the valt ftone with as vaft a force. And tho’ high walls with lofty towers would have been Ihaken with the fliock of it, the ferpent remained without wound ; and being defended with his fcales, after the manner of a coat of mail, and the hardnefs of his black hide, he refifted the mighty ftroke with his flcin. But 6- he did not con-quer the dart with the fame hard- nefs ; which being fixed in the middle of the bend t>f his flexible back-bone, ’ flood there; and the Whole fteel-bead of it went down into his guts. He enraged with pain, turned his head upon his back, and looked at his wound, and bit the 1 javelin flicking there. And after he had b tofled it about -jq with great violence on all fidcs, with much ado he twitched it out of his back ; yet the fleel-head fluck faft in his bones. But then after this frefh wound ■was fuperadded to his wonted fury, his throat fwelled . NOTES. * Gripes. x This whole fentence fhould run thus: He kills others, blafted with the bane of his deadly poifbn. r Grifly. z Bodies of toy moft trufty friends. a Staff. b Loofcn’d, 6o M E T A M O R P H. fwelled with full veins, and a white froth flows a- bout his poifonous jaws ; arid the earth being; fcraped with his fcalcs, roars again ;.and the black fteam which iflues from his hellifh mouth, infcdls 77 the tainted air. He one while is c encompalTed with fpires making vaft rings; fometimes he is flretched out ftraiter than a long beam ; now again with prodigious violence, like a river raifed with rains, he rufhes forward, and bears down the wood 81 in his way with his brealt The fon of Agenor gives way a little, and receives his charge with his lion's Ikin ; and retards his mouth .juft upon him, with his fpear held out before him. He is in a rage, and d gives vain wounds to the hard fteel, and. fixes his teeth upon the point. And now the blood begun to flow from his poifonful palate, and dyed the green grafs with the fprinkling thereof. But the wound was flight, becaufe he withdrew himfelffrom the ftroke, and pulled back his wound- ed neck; and prevented the ftroke from finking deep, by giving way, and did not fufFer it to go oo far. ’Till the Ion of Agenor c purfuing his fpear lodged in his throat, prefled it home, .’till an oak flood in the ferpent'% way as he moved backward, and his neck was nailed up with the body thereof. The tree was bent with the weight of the ferpent, and groaned to have his body laflied with the ex- ,3r treme part of his tail. Whilft ‘the conqueror ' f confidered the Vaft fize of his vanquiflied enemy, a voice was fuddenly heard; (nor was it eafy to know whence ; but heard it was) Why do’ft thou, O fon of Agenor, look upon the ferpent flain by thee ? thou thyfelf (halt be feen in form of a ferpent. He being a long time in a terrible fright, loft his colour together with his underftanding ; and his hair flood on end Vith cold tefrdur. Behold E Pal- NOTES. d c Incircled with wreaths forming an unmeafurable %orb. Offers, e Still more and more following his blow/ f Attentively views. * [Pallas, the fame as Minerva, was the goddels of wifdom and all the arts, She was born of Jupiter’s brain, without a mother.] BOOK III. Fab. I. 61 lias, the h favourer of the man, defcending through 'the upper region of the air, comes to him ; and bids him put the viper’s teeth under the earth ■ torn up with a plough, in order to the growth of a future people. He obeys ; and after he had o- pened a furrow with a plough k clapt into the ground, he fows in the earth the teeth, as he was ordered, to be the feed of men. After (’tis beyond 106 c//belief) the turf begun to move; and firft ap- peared the point of a fpear out of the furrows ; by and by the coverings of their heads, /. e. helmets, nodding with painted 1 cones : foon after fhoulders and breads, and arms loaded with weapons, rife up ; and a crop of men armed with fhields, grows. So when the hangings are drawn up in the m joy- III ful theatres, the pictures ufe to rife, and firll to fhew their countenances ; the reft by little and lit- tle : and being drawn up by a gentle motion, they appear entire at lafl, and fet their feet upon the “ bottom of the hangings. Cadmus affrighted with 115 this new enemy, was preparing to take arms ; when one of the people which the earth had produced, cried out, Do not take arms, ° nor engage your- felf in a civil war ; and then he hand to hand fmites with bis hard fword one of his earth-born brothers, whiljl he himfelf falls by a dart thrown at a diftance. He too, who had given him to 120 death, i. e. killed him, lives no longer than he ; and breathes out the air which he had lately re- ceived ; and all the company is mad in like man- ner ; and thefe upftart brethren fall in fight with one another, by mutual wounds. And now the youth that had but a time of a fhort life allotted them, beat their bloody mother with their panting breafts. Five being left, of which one was Echi- 126 on ; NOTES. •> The patronefs. « Turned up. k Held down, that it might fink the deeper. 1 [A cone is the creft or top of an helmet, where the plumes are (luck. Alfo a figure like a fitgar-loaf.J m In the theatres that are gay, and adorn’d on holy-days. ‘ Bottom-edging, • And threft not yourftlf into our civil wars. F i2 METAMORPH. on ; he threw his arms down upon the ground, by the advice of Minerva; and both defired and gave: a promife of a brotherly peace. The p Sidonian Itranger had thefe his affihants in the work, when he built the city he ums ordered by the oracle of; Phcebus. II. Now Thebes ftood ; and thou, Cadmus, j mighteft feem happy in thy banifhment: Mars and Venus were become your father and mother in-law. To this add iffue by fo great a wife, fo many fons and daughters, and grand-children, dear pledges ef love ; thefe too grown up to man and woman’s 135 eftate. * But it feems the laft day of life is always to be waited for by man ; and no body ought to be called happy before his death, and the laft fcene of mortality a funeral. Thy grand-fon, Cadmus, was the firft occafion of forrow to thee amongft fo much prefperity, and horns that belong not to man clapt upon his forehead, and you, O dogs, glutted 141 with your mafter’s blood. But if you enquire well, you will find in b him a crime of fortune, not any wickednefs ; for what wickednefs had a miftake in it ? There was a mountain ftained with the blood of various wild beads. And now the mid-day had fnortned the fhadows of things, and the fun was equally didant from c each extremity of the heavens : when the d Hyanthian youth befpeaks the fharcrs of his work of hunting, as they drolled through • the e lonely habitations of wild-beads, with a gen- 148 tie mouth. Our nets are wet, comrads, and our fpears too with the blood of wild beads ; and the day has had f fortune enough. When the next Aurora, i. e. morn, riding 8 upon red wheels, or chariot, fhall bring the light again, we will return to NOTES. P That is, Cadmus, lb called from Sidon, a city in Ph.cmda, where his father Agenor was king J II. a But lb it is. b His cale. c Both ends of his race. d [That is, the Boeotian youth, (viz. AReon) for the people of Bccotia were for- merly call’d Hjanta.] e Pefert, f Succefs, Sport, e In her faffron ■chariot, BOOK. HI. Fab. II. 63 to our propofed work. Now Phoebus is at the 151 fame dhiance from both lands, the eajiern andweft- erny and cleaves the fields with his heat, give over your prefent work, and take away your knotty nets. 7 he men execute his orders, and drop their labour. There was a valley thick fet with pitch- IJ5 trees, and the fharp-topped cyprefs,by name h Gar- gaphie ; a piece facred to the active Diana : in the * extreme recefs of which there is a 11 cave in the grove, formed by no art: nature, by her ingenu- ity, had counterfeited art; for it had drawn an arch of pumice-llone, as it was in the rock, and light find (tones. A fountain runs purling along on the right hand, tranfparent with very fine wa- ter, and having its wide 1 cafe edged round with a border of grafs. Here the Goddefs of the woods, 163 weary with hunting, ufed to bathe her virgin limbs with the clear water. Into which place after (lie 165 was entered, (he delivered her dart to one of the Nymphs her armour bearer, her quiver too, and her unbent bow. Another Nymph put her arms under her coat, when put off. Two take her fan- dais from her feet; for Crocale, the daughter of Ifmenus, being more Ikilful than they, gathers her hair fcattered upon her neck, into a knot ; altho’ (he w'as with her hair loofe. Nepheie, and Hyale, 171 and Pvhanis, and Pfecas, and Phiale, take up u'a- ter, and pour it out again in large urns. And whilll the m Titanian Goddefs is there wafiied in her accultomed water ; lo, the " grandfon of Cad- mus, having put off a part of his work, wander- ing through the unknown grove with 0 uncertain ffeps, came into this wood : thus his fate guided him. Who, as foon as he had entered the cave 177 ? dropping from the fpring, the Nymphs, as they F 2 were NOTES. h [This valley was in Bceotia.] ' The remoteft [moft fecret] corner. k Woody grotto 1 Mouth. 1,1 [That is Diana, call’d Titania, at (ome think, from Titan, one of the names of the fun her brother. n Aftaeon, the ton of Arifheus and Autonoe, the daughter of Cad- mus.J 0 Undermin’d, P Dripping by reafon of the fprings. 64 M E T A M O R P H. were naked, upon feeing a man, fmote their breafts^ and filled all the wood with fudden fhriekings ; and being gathered around, covered Diana with their bodies. Yet the Goddefs is taller than them, 183 and overtops them all by the neck. The colour which ufes to be in the clouds dyed from the fal- ling of the oppofite Sun up™ them, or that of the': ruddy morn, was in the countenance of Diana, feen 186 without her raiment. Who tho’(he was furround-' ed with the crowd of her attendants, yet (lie (lood fide-ways, and turned her face back; and how gladly would (he have had her arrows. The wa* ters (he had, (he took up, and fprinkled the face of the man therewith : and bedewing his hair with the revengeful ((reams, (he added thefe w'ords, i de- J92 clarative of his approaching calamity. Now thou may’ft tell that I was feen by thee with my cloaths off, if thou can’ll: tell it. And then threatening him no more, (lie claps upon his fprinkled head the horns of a long-lived (fag ; (he gives length to his neck, and r (harpens the tops of his cars : and changes his hands for feet, and his arms for long legs; and covers his body with a fpotted 198 fitaggy coat of hair. Timoroufnefs was moreover given him. Away flies the Autoneian hero, and 200 wonders he (hould be fo fwift in running. f But as foon as he faw his face, and his horns in the water, NOTES. a Prophetick of ruin that was (bon to follow. r Sharpens into a point the tips of his ears. f [Others have this fentence in the ori- ginal thus: Vt verb politis fua cornua vidit in urtiis, But when he faw his horns in the waters, that he had been ufed to. The tranfl itors have in the original here : Ut verb vultus, &*cornua vidit in undo. And this feems to be as good, if not better than the other reading : But it would not be amifs perhaps to read in the tranilation, the in- ftead of his, before face and horns. By this reading too, the word fua is kept out; which if admitted, feems to contradift the poet’s words in the next (entence, viz. ora non fua: For, if fuch a face was not natural to Adtaton, one would think that horns were as little natural to him, unlefs you (hould luppole him to have been a cuckold.] BOOK III. Fab. n. <55 ■water, he was going to fay, Wo’s me : but no words followed. He groaned ; that was all his voice ; and the tears trickled down his face, viz. not his own, but a buck’s: his former underftand- Ing only continued. What fhould he do ? fhould he return home to * the royal palace ? or fhould he ly hid in the woods ? fear hinders one, and fhame the other. Whilft he is in doubt, the dogs 206 faw him ; and firfl Black-foot, and the ” good-no- fed Tracer gave the fignal to the reft, by a full- mouthed cry. Tracer was a Cretian dog, and Black-foot of the Spartan breed. Upon that the reft rufh in fwifter than the rapid wind; Glutton, Quick fight, and Ranger, all Arcadian dogs. And 211 able Kill-buck, and fwift Hunter with Tempeft, and Wing good at his feet, and Catcher as good for his nofe, and fierce Woodger lately wounded by a boar ; and Forefter begot by a wolf, and Shepherdefs that had attended cattle, and Ravener, a bitch attended by two whelps of hers ; and Har- rier, a Sicyonian dog, having a fmall tight body, and Runner, and Barker, and Spot, and Tyger, and Strong, and White with his fnowy hair, and Soot with black hair, and the able bodied Lacon, and Storm good at running, and Swift, and fpee- dy Wolf with her Cyprian brother: and Snap, having his black face ftriped white down the mid- dle ; and Black-coat, and Sticle, a rough-bodied bitch ; and Worrier, and White-tooth, bred of a Cretian dog, and a Laconian bitch ; and Babble of a (brill note : and others, which is too tedious to recount. This pack, from a defire of their prey, 225',' purfue him over rocks and (helves, and * craggy mountains ; both where the way is difficult, and where there is no way. He now flies thro’ places, thro’ which he had lately purfued. Alas 1 he flies F 3 from NOTES. * [Som: add here, his grandfather's royal palace : But why not as well to the palace of his father Arifeus (properly his home) who w as at this time alive, and faid to have reigned in Arcadia, not very far from BxoUa, n 'Well fcented, * Unapproachable, 66 METAMORPH. from his own fervants. He had a mind to cry out, I am Adbeon ! x know your mafter. Words 231 are wanting to his inclination : the heavens ring with the cries 0/ the dogs. Black-hair made the firft wound upon his back ; Kilham the next. Ro- ver {luck fad upon his dioulder. They came out later than the reft ; but their way was foon dif- patched through a fhort cut over the mountain. 235 Whild they held their mader, the red of the pack came in, and r dick their teeth together in his bo- dy. Now room is wanting for ffwe wounds. He groans, and makes a noife, tho’ not of a man, yet fuch as a buck could not make : and fills the well- known mountains with fad complaints ; and as a fuppliant upon his bended knees, and like one alk- ing a favour, he turns about his filent countenance as arms. But his companions, ignorant of the matter, encourage the ravenous pack with the ufu- al cheating, and feek for Acdseon with their eyes : and call out 2 amain for Atdaeon, as if he was ab- fent. He turns his head at the name, as they com- plain that he was not there, and,-like a lazy man, did not enjoy the fight of the game prefented them. 247 He w»uld be glad to be away indeed ; but he is there ; and he could be glad to fee, and not to feel too the cruel adions of his dogs. They dand a- round him, and thruding their fnouts into his bo- dy, tear to pieces their mailer under the fhape of a ■'l falfe buck. [And the rage of the quiver-bearing Diana is faid not to have keen fatiated, ’till his life •was ended by many wounds.j] V. b He much celebrated by fame through the Aonian cities, gave c unblemiihed anfwers to the people confulting him. The grey-eyed d Liriope made NOTES. 'x Acknowledge, s Join. * As loud as they can. " That appeared fo only. b That i , Tirelias, the ton ofliverus. This Tirefias was a famous tooth tayer of Thebes; and by tome chance had been of both texes. Juno made him blind, but Jupiter gave him the gift of prophecy. c Unexceptionable. d[She was a tea-nymph, the daugh- ter of Occams and Tcthjs. BOOK. III. FAB. V. 67 unade the (ird eflaysofhis truth, and infallible pre- diftions ; whom formerly Cephifus ' fnatched with- in his winding river, and then f offered violence to iher, when confined within his own waters. The moft beautiful nymph from a full belly brought forth .a boy, who even then might have been beloved ; land calls him Narciffus. Concerning whom being 346 tconfulted, whether he fhould ever fee the long time of a mature old age ; the fortune-telling prophet fays, If he does not know himfelf. This anfwer of the augur feemed e vain a long time ; but the ilfue, the event, and the manner of his death, and the h novelty of his madnefs made it good. For 351 the fon of Cephifus had added one to four times hve ; and might appear a boy, and a young man too. Many young fellows, and many young girls courted him : but there was fo ‘ hard-hearted a pride in his tender beauty, no young fellows, no girls ever touched him. The k noify nymph, who 356 had neither learnt to hold her tongue after another fpeaking, nor fpeak firft herfelf, the 1 rcfounding echo, efpies him driving the affrighted bucks into his nets. Echo was yet a body, not a voice only ; and yet the pratling huffy had no other ufe of her mouth than fhe now has, to be able to repeat the laft words out of many. Juno had done this to her ; becaufe when (he might often have m caught the nymphs lying in a mountain under her Jupiter, fhe defignedly “ detained the Goddefs with fame long-winded difcourfe or other, ’till the nymphs ran away. After the daughter of Saturn perceived 365 this; But fmall exercife of this tongue, favs (he, with which I have been deluded, fhall be allowed thee, and a very (hort ufe of thy voice ; and fhe confirms her threats by the execution. Yet NOTES. * In tangled her with his current. f Forced her. ^Ridiculous. Not only falte, hut void of fetife. h The oddnefs [ftrangenefi] of his paffion. ' Curfed difdainful. [Others read herediVu, in the O iginal. for dura.'] k Talkative. Babbling. * That naturally repeated the words of others, “Surpriz’d. "Atnufed. 68 M E T A M O R P H. flic, in the end of any one’s fpeaking, doubles ths; 370 voice, and returns the words flic hears. Where-; fore, when (he faw NarcilTus wandering thro’ the loisely country, and was in love with him, fhe fol- lows his fteps privately, and the more fhe follows him, with the nearer flame flie burns; no other-' ways than when the lively fulphur, daub’d round the tops of torches, catches the flame applied to it. 375 O how often was fhedefirous to accoft him infmooth words, and employ upon him foft fupplications i nature refills/;er and fuffers her not to begin ; but what fhe does fuffer, that fhe is ready for, to wait his voice, to which flie may return her words. By chance the youth being feparated from the trully company of his attendants, faid, Js any 381 body here ? and Echo anfwered, Here. He is a- mazed ; and after he had directed his eyes into all parts, he calls out with a loud voice, Come. She calls him that called her. He looks back : and a- gain no body coming, he fays. Why do you avoid me ? And he received as many words as he fpoke; 385 He 0 perfifls ; and being deceived with thei1 imita- tion of a repeating voice, he fays, Let us come to- gether hither; and. Echo, that would anfwer more willingly to no faying whatever, replied, Let us come together; and fhe 1 favours her own words ; and bouncing out of the wood, fhe went to throw her arms about his neck fhe hoped 390 for. He flies ; and as he fled, fays, Put away your hands from embracing me; let me die, before thou may’ft have the enjoyment of me. She an- fwered nothing but, May ft thou have the enjoy- ment of me. Being thus defpifed-, fhe lurks in the woods, and covers her blufhing countenance with green leaves; and r from that time lives in folitary -'oc caves. But yet her love flicks clofe to her, and ° grows NOTES. 0 Stands. Halts, r Similitude of a voice that aped his own. s Is tickled with her own words. She is fond [all agogj to comply with, what Ihe had faid. r Ever after. I BOOK III. Fab. VI. 69 grows from the vexation of a refufal : and watch- ful cares wear away her miferable body; and lean- nefs f draws herlkin together ; and all the juice of her body flies off into the air : her voice alone, and her bones are left. The voice continues ; but they 1 fay that her bones received the form of Hones. Since then Ihe lies concealed in the woods ; and is feen in no mountain ; but is heard in all: it is 1 noife alone that is alive in her. VI. Thus had he * deceived her, thus other Kymphs that fprung from the waters or the moun- tains; thus companies of men before. Upon which, fome one, who had been defpifed iy him, lifting up his hands towards heaven, faid, “ So let him love, fo let him not enjoy what he loves : * Rhamnufia • affented to his reafonable prayer. There was a 407 clear filver fpring with neat water, which neither j fhepherds, nor goats fed upon the mountains, had 1 meddled with, or any other cattle, which no bird, 1 nor wild bead had mudded, nor bough falling from a tree. There was grafs about it, which the neigh- bouring water fed ; and a wood that would fuffer the * place to grow warm with r no fun. Here the 413 boy, weary both with the exercife of hunting, and the heat, laid down; being z fond of the appear- ance of the place, and the fpring. And whilft he defires to quench his third, another third grew upon him. And whild he drinks, being 5 charmed 416 with the pi&ure of his own form feen in the water, NOTES. f Shrivels. Contra&s. 1 Dilappointed. " So may he love. * Ncmefis, the Goddefs of revenge, is called Rhumnufia, from Kharr.nus, a town in Attica, where fhr had a famous Temple She was the daughter of Jupi- ter and NecelTIty. - Others read lucum, the well. The poets frequent- ly ufe theft words, Lieut, VaJum, Latex, in a general figuification, for any kind of Water or Liquor, v No heat of the Sun The Poets (peak of the Sun, as if it were a new one, and different from the for- mer, every day. Whence they frequently uft it in the plural number ; as, Hiberni Soles, &c. 2 Charmed with the fweetnefs of the place. a Tranfported with the fight of his own fhadow. 70 METAMORPH. he falls in love with a thing without a body : h® thinks that to be a body, which is a fhadow. AndK he is amazed at himfelf, and remains unmoved with! the fame countenance, like a llatue made of Parian 420 marble. Lying on the ground, he gazes upon his; eyes like two liars, and fingers worthy of Bacchus, and hair ■worthy of Apollo; and his youthful" cheeks, and ivory neck, and the comelinefs of hisi mouth, aad rednefs mix’d with a fnowy white;' and admires all things, for which he himfelf is to 425 be admired. He b ignorantly covets himfelf; and he thatc approves, is himfelf approved ; and v* hilft he purfues, he is purfued : and at once inflames and burns. How oft did he give vain kilfes to the deceitful fpring ! How oft did he thrufl his arms, catching at the neck he faw, into the middle of the waters ! nor does he catch himfelf in them. 430 He knows not what he fees; but what he fees, that he burns with ; and the fame i millake that de- ceives his eyes, provokes them. O credulous youth, why doll thou in vain catch at the flying i- mage ? What thou purfueft, is no where: what thou loved, turn but away, and thou wilt lofe it. That which thou feed, is but the ftiadow of an i- mage reflefted. It has nothing of its own: it comes and days with thee ; it will depart with thee, if thou cand but depart. No regard to food, no regard to e red can draw him from thence. But lying along upon the fliaded grafs, he beheld his f deceitful form with unfatiableeyes : and pcrilhes by his own eyes. And being raifed a little fron the ground, holding out his arms to the woods that Hood around him ; O ye woods, fays he, did ever any one love more cruelly ? (for you know, and have been a convenient cover for many lovers.y Do you remember any one that ever thus pined awayr, in fo long a time, tho’ fo many ages of your life be now N V T E S. k Foal that he was. c Praifts. d Deluflon. ' Sleep. f The far.ta- ftick ihadow. BOOK HI. Fab. VI. 71 now pad ? It both pleafes me, and I fee it; but 446 what I fee, and what pleafes me, yet I cannot ight upon ; fo ftrange a miftake polfeifes a poor lover. And to grieve me the more, a huge fea Joes not feparate us, nor a long way, nor moun- tains, nor a city with gates fhut: we are kept a- funder by a little water only. He himfelf defires to 450 :>e catched : for as oft as I reach a kifs to the li- quid waters, fo oft does he make towards me with his face held up. You would think he might be touched. It is a very fmall thing that hinders lo- vers meeting. Whofoever thou art, come up hi- ther. Why, s my dear boy, doft thou deceive me? Or whither doft thou retire, purfued ? 455 Certainly, neither my h form or age is fuch, as you fhould fhun ! the Myrnphs too have been in love v/ith me. Thou promileft me i know not what hopes with that friendly look : and when I hold out my arms to thee, thou frankly holdeft out thine: v/hen I laugh, thou laughed at me again. I have often too obferved thy tears, when I was crying, thou likewife returned my figns by nodding; and, as I fufpedt by the motion of thy beautiful mouth, thou returned words that come not to my ears. I am he, I 1 perceive ; nor k does my image de- ceive me. I am burnt with the love of myfeff; I raife the flames, and bear them. What (hall I do ? 465 fhall I be entreated, or (hall I entreat ? What then fhall I aflc ? What I deftre, is with me; plenty has made me poor. O I wifh I could depart from my body ? This is a 1 new wilh in a lover. I could wifh that what I love, was away. And now forrow takes away my drength ; nor is any long time of my life left me ; and lam cut off in the1" begin- ning of my days. Nor is death grievous to me, 472 now that I am to get rid of my forrows by death. I NOTES. s Incomparable youth. h Beauty. ' I have now at lad difcovercd it. k My lhadow does no longer unpofe upoa me, 'Strange. “Bloom of my age. 72 METAMORPH. I wifti that this youth, who is beloved by me, were" longer-lived. Now we two loving creatures fhail: die together in the ending of one life. Thus he faid, and returned but badly in his wits to the fame face; and difturbed the waters with his tears ; and his form was rendered oblcure by the moving of the Ipring. Which when he faw to move off, he cried out, Whither doft thou fly ? Stay ; and do not, O cruel creature, forfake me your lover. Let me fee what it is not polfible to touch, and add nou- 480 rilhment to my miferable madnefs. And vvhillf he grieves, he tore " his garment 0 from the upper border, and (truck his naked brealt with his palms white as marble. His brealt, when (truck, received a flight rednefs, no otherwife than apples ufe to do, which are part white, and part red; or as a grape in the particoloured clutters ufes, being not yet ripe, to put on a red colour. W hich as foon as he beheld in the water, when cleared again, he could bear the fight no longer ; but, as the yellow wax ufes to melt with a flight fire, and the morning dews to watte away with the warm fun ; fo he being waited with love, dilfolves away; and is confum- 491 ed by little and little with a hidden fire. And now his complexion, confi'iing of white mixed with red, is no more ; nor does his vigour and ftxength, and what lately pleafed fomuch when fecn, nor his body remain, which formerly Echo had been in love with. Who yet, as foon as (he faw thefe things, altho’ angry, and mindful af the fight put upon her, ■flie was grieved ; and as oft as the poor youth faid, Alas! (he r with rebounding voice repeated, Alas ! And when he fmote his arms with his hands, (he returned the fame noife of beating. The la(t words of him looking into the water as ufual, were thefe ; Alas, my boy, beloved in vain ! and the place re- turned juft as many words : and after he faid Fare- 502 well, Echo too fays. Farewell. He laid down his wearied NOTES. Ojpcn. * Beginning at, p Anfwered with repeated Sounds, BOO K. III. Fab. VII. 7S wearied head upon the green grafs; when death clofed his eyes admiring the beauty of their owner. Then too, after he was received in the infernal habitations, he beheld himfelf in the Stygian wa- ter. His fillers the Naiades lamented him; and laid their hair, cut off, upon their brother. The Dry- ades lamented him ; Echo makes a noife jointly with them lamenting him. And now they were 507 preparing a funeral pile, and (haltered torches, and abler: but his body was no where/a In- (tead of his body, they find a yellow flower, with white leaves encompaffing it in the middle. VII. THIS thing known, brought deferv- ed fame to the prophet thro’ the cities of Achaia ; and the name of the foothfayer was great. Yet r'Pentheus, the defcendent of Echion, a defpifer of the Gods above, alone of all defpifes him, and laughs at the predifling words of the old man ; and upbraids him with his darknefs, and the mis- fortune of having loft his fight. He (baking his Jl6 temples white with hoary hairs, fays, How happy wouldft thou be, if thou likewife wait deprived of this light, and could’ft not fee the holy rites of f Bacchus! And by and by, the day will come (and now I ' guefs, is not far off) when the new GW Bacchus, the fon of Semele, will come hither ; whom unlefs thou vouchfafeft the honour of a tem- ple, thou (halt be fcattered, torn to pieces, in a thoufand places, and (halt befpatter the woods with thy blood, as alfo thy mother and thy mother’s li- fters. This will happen, for thou wilt not vouch- 524 fafe the God the honour ; and then thou wilt com- plain that 1 faw too much under this darknefs. The •fon of Echion drives him away, as he faid thefe things. NOTES. VII. s [ A country in Greece. r Pentheus was the Ion of Echion, (one of the men that fprungfrom the ferpent’s teeth Ibwn by Cadmus) and Agave the daughter of Cadmus. 1 Bacchus was the Ion vf Jupi- ter and Semele, and the God of wine-J ' /©retell. 74 METAMORPH. 525 things. A ” confirmation follows what he faid^ and the * anfwer of the footh-fayer is x executed: Bacchus comes, and the fields ring with feitival y bowlings. The whole multitude runs out, and mothers and new-married women mixed with their hulbands, the commonalty, and the nobles, all go to the celebration of thefe 'till then unknown rites, yjj What madnefs, fays Pentheus, has confounded your minds, O ye warlike race, the defcendents of the fnake ? Can brafs knocked again!! brafs work fo much upon you? and the pipe z with the crooked horn, and magick frauds ? And (hall wo- | mens voices, and madnefs caufed by wine, and 1 tribes of filthy fellows, and empty drums con- quer thofe, whom neither the warrior’s fword, nor the trumpet could affright, nor troops with wea- jjg pons prepared to fight? Shall I wonder at you, old men ? who failing from Tyre through the long feas, fixed your banifhed tutelar Gods in this ha- bitation, but now fuffer them to be taken without war. Or you of more vigorous age, and nearer to my own, O young men ? whom it became to hold in your hands, arms, no ta thyrfus’s ; and to be 543 covered with helmets, not green leaves. Be mind- ful, I befeech you, of what dock you are defcend- ed ; and alfume the courage of that ferpent, who, tho' but one, de!lroyed many. He died for his fpring, and the water; but do you conquer for your own fame. He gave the valiant to death ; do you b conquer cowards, and c preferve your coun- try’s honour. If the fates have forbid Thebes to Hand long, I wifh engines of war, and brave men might demolifh our walls ; and the fword and fire might rattle about us ! We fhould then be miferable without our fault ; and our condition would be to be complained of, but not to be concealed ; and our NO T E S. ' Proof, Effcft. * P;edictions. x Are comir.g to pafs. >'Shrickings. 2 Tipt wkh [or made ofj crooked horn. “ [ThyrJus was a javelin ufed in the feafts of Bacchus, having the head twilled with ivy leaves.] * Pat to night. c Recover. BOOK III. Fab. VII. 75 ',3iir tears would be without (hame. But now The* 553 ;»es will be taken by an unarmed boy; whom neither ; wars delight, nor weapons, nor the ufe of horfes ; abut hair wet with myrrh, and foft crowns, and fcarlet, and gold interwoven with flowered garments. Whom truly I prefently (do but you Hand off) J5r7 fhall force to confefs that his father is faljely aflum- ed, and his holy rites fiiflitious. Has d Acrifius courage enough to defpife the c vain God, and (hut the gates of Argos againft him, upon his coming thither ; and (hall this liranger affright Pentheus, with all Thebes! Go quickly (this order he gives 562 to his fervants) and bring hither the leader if the rout bound : let dull delay be far from the execution of my commands. His grandfather chides him with /ei'ere words; Athamas chides him; and the reft of the company of his friends chide him, and in/ vain endeavour to reftrain him. He is made f more 566 violent by their admonitions ; and his madnefs is irritated, and grows, now it is curbed ; and the re- ftraints themfelves e did him harm. Thus have I I feen a torrent run gently, and with moderate noife, where nothing obftrudted it in its courfe: but where- foever beams or (tones h lay ‘ in its way, it ran frothing, and raging, and more violent from the obftrudtion. Lo! the fervants return a// bloody; 572. and denied to their mafter alking where Bacchus W'as, that they had feen Bacchus. But this fellow we have taken, his attendant and minilier in his holy rites ; and they deliver him, with his hands tied behind his back, who had formerly from the k Tyrrhenian, nation attended on the holy rites of the God . G 2 VIII. Pem- NOTES. f- [He was the fon of Abas king of the Argives. ' The falfe GodheaA f The keener, eagerer. e Made him worte. > Obftruda, piled up 1 gainft it. ■ Tenebant; oppofed, ftopt its courfe. 14 [The Tyrrhcni were a People inhabiting certain Age an iflands. Al(b a people of Italy, whu • were called Etrufci ] 76 METAMORPH. r 577 VIII. Pentheus looks at him with eyes that: anger had made terrible: and tho’ with much ado! he defers the times of punilhment, yet he fays, Oi -wretch, that art about to perifh, and to fet an ex-- ample to others by thy death, tell me thy name,; and the name of thy parents, and thy country, and4 why thou frequenteft thefe holy rites of a new fafhi- 582 on* He, void of fear, faid, Acsetes is my name ; i my country is Mceonia ; my parents -were of the low vulgar : my father did not leave ms laborious bullocks to plow the fields fir vie; and wool-bear- ' rng flocks, i. e.Jheep; not any herds did he leave me. 586 He was hut poor; and he ufed with a line, hooks, and a rod, to deceive and pull up the leaping fifh. His trade was all his cflate. When he a delivered his trade to me, take, faid he, all the riches which I have, thou fuccellbr and heir of my employment; and fo dying, he left me nothing but the waters. 592 This one thing I can call my father’s. By and by, that I might not always keep upon the fame rocks, I b learnt to turn the helm of a fhip with my right hand commanding it; and I obferved with my eyes the watery conllellation of the c Olenian gofft, and d Taygete, and the c Hyades, and the Bear, and the quarters of the winds, and the harbours fit for 597 (hips. By chance, as I was failing for Delos, I arrive upon the coaft of the f Chian land, and come up with the (hore by the plying ofi our 5 right-lide oars ; and I give a light jump ; and h am lodged 600 upon the moil! fand. When the night was over, and the morning began to grow red, I rife, and or- der my men to take in frefh water; and fhew them the NOTES. * Tauoht. b Learnt allb, or befides. c [That is, according to .'ome, the goat Amalthea, called Olenian, from Olenum a town ot Achaiu, near to which the fuckled the infant Jupiter, who afterwards made her a conllellation.] 11 This is one of the Pleiades, which is here put for them all. e The Hyades are a conftellation of feven fiars in the head of the bull, which always bring rain. f [Others read, the land of Dia; which is one of the Cyclades illands in the JEgcan fea ] £ Star- board. b Throw myGdf. B O O K m. Fab. VIII. 7? tTve way which leads to the waters. I look about what the air promifed from a high hill; and I call my companions, and return to the vefl'el. Lo ! 6o§] we are here, fays the principal of my ‘ comrades, Opheltes : and as he thinks, having gotten a prize in a defart country, he leads along the Ihore a boy with all the beauty of a lady. He heavy with wine and fleep, feems to totter, and to follow with much ado. I view his drefs, his face, and his pace ; and faw nothing there that could be thought mortal. I both perceived it, and faid to my companions, I faxi am in doubt what deity is in that body ; but a dei- ty there is in that body. Whofoever you are, O favour us, and allifl; our labours; and grant thefe my men a pardon. Give over praying for us, fays Didtys ; than whom there was not another more nimble at climbing to the top of the yards, and flipping down again, by catching hold of a rope. Libys approves this ; the yellow-haired Melanthus, the keeper of the prow, approve] this. Alcimcdon approves this; and Epopeus the chearer of their fouls in rowing, who by his voice gave reft and due motion to the oars ; and all the reft too : fo blind is their defire of booty. However, faid I, I 621s will notfuffer this ftvip to be injured-by the admiffion of this facred weight : here I have the greateft (hare of right: and I oppofe them at the entrance of the- veflel. Lycabas the boldeft of all the crew,, is mad- at me : who, driven from a city of 11 Tufcany, fuf- fered banifhment, as a punifhment for a horrid murder. He burft my throat for me with bis ju- 62.3 > venile fift, whilft I oppofe them ; and had thrown me knocked over-board, into the fea, if I had not ftuck fall by a rope, tho’ fenfelefs.. The impious crew approve of the fad.. Then at laft Bacchus, i (for Bacchus it was) as if his fleep had been broke by the clamour that was made, and his fenfe return- ed into his mind after his wine : fays, What are G 3 ysr*; NOTES. ‘ Sing-crew, k A country of Italy, 7$ M E T A M O R P H. you doing ? what noife is this ? Tell me, failoral by what means I came hither? Whither do yoiij prepare to carry me. Lay alide your fear, faysm the Fore-caftle-man, and tell us what harbour yoi^ would be at; and you lhall be fet upon the land^ 636 the land you defire. Steer your courfe, fays Bac-j chus, to 1 Naxos : that is my home ; that will be cf hofpitable land to you. The rogues fwear by thei fea, and by all the Gods, that it fhall be fo ; and 640 bid me give the fails to the painted (hip. Naxos] was on the right hand : and as I was accordingly' fetting fail for the right, Opheltes fays to me, What are you doing, you mad man ? What fury ] poftefTes thee, Acastes ? fays every one for himfelf: make to the left. The greateft part fignify their ' meaning by nodding; part whifper in my ear what they would have me do. I was amazed ; and faid, Let fomebody elfe take the helm : and I withdrew myfelf from the pra<51ice of their wickednefs, and 646 my art together. I am railed at by them all; and the whole crew murmurs againft me. Of which Ethalion fays, all our fecurity, I warrant you, rells in you alone; and he himfelf comes up, and docs my work; and leaving Naxos, goes a different way. ■650 Then the God playing upon them, as if he had Aa/juft now at laft perceived their treachery, looks into the fea from the crooked ftiip ; and like one weeping, fays, Sailors, you did not promife me thefe fhores ; this is not the land defired by me. By what aft have I deferved this punifhment ? What great glory is it to you, if you that are men, deceive me ^a/a boy; if you/Z’a/ere many, de~ 5^6 cave me being but one. I had now been weeping fome time; the wicked crew laughs at my tears, and pufit the feas with hafty oars. Now I fwear to you by himfelf, (for there is not a God more powerful than he) that I relate to you things as true, as they are beyond all belief of being true,. NOTE. 1 An ilktnd in the JEgtan fca, the fame with L>ir,. BOOK III. Fab. VIII. 79 true. The (hip ftood dill in the fea, no otherwife 660 than if it had been in a dry dock. They wonder- ing at it, perfifl: in the plying of their oars, and unfurl their fail, and endeavour to get off with double help. Ivies m hinder the oars, and by a winding plaight creep about them, and ” garnilh the fails with 0 heavy clufters of ivy-berries. He 666 himfelf having his forehead bound about with clu- fters of grapes, (hakes a launce covered with vine- leaves; about whom tigers, and the t vain i- mages of Lynx’s, and the dreadful bodies of s fpot- ted Panthers ly. The men jumped over-board, 670 (whether madnefs caufed this, or fear) and firft Me- don begins to grow black with fins, his body be- ing flattened, and to be turned up by a bending of the back-bone. To him Lycabas (aid, Into what monltrous kind of creature art thou turned ? and as he fpoke, the opening of his mouth grew wide, and his nofe crooked, and his hardened fkin took fcales //. But Libys, whilfl: he endeavours 676 to bear before him the refilling oars, faw his hands run up into a fhort fpace, and that now they were not hands, but now might be called fins. Another defirous to put up his arms to the twilled ropes, had no arms ; and being befide crooked with his body, thus cropt, he leapt down into the waters ; and the tip-end of his tail was formed like a fickle, jult as the horns of the half-moon are bent. They give jumps on all fides, and drop with the dafliing of the water ; they rife again too out of the water, and return again under the water: and play in man- ner of a company of dancers ; and tofs about their wanton bodies ; and throw up the fea received with- in their wide noftrils. I was the only one left of 687 twenty there were lately, (for fo many that (hip car- ried) the God encourages me forely affrighted, and cold, NOTES. K Intangle 11 Others, in the original, read dijhingmt (incumber) fct diftiiiguuut, o Teeming, r FantaiUcal rdenibiances, a Imaginary, Bo M E T A M O R P H. cold, whilft iny body trembled, and indeed fcarcc:^ my own man ; faying, (bake off thy fear, and (leer v for Chia. Arriving in that ifland, I attend upon the religious rites of Bacchus, at the inflamed al- tars. T VIII. We have lent our cars to a long tale of a tub, fays Pentheus, dejigned on purpofe that our anger might fpend its ftrength by the delay occajion- | ed thereby. Servants, drag this fellow away with all fpeed, and difpatch his body, racked withdire- ful torments, to a hellifh death. Immediately the Tyrrhenian Actetes being hurried off, is (hut up in a (trong houfe, or prifon: and whilft the cruel in- ftruments of the death orizrei for him, and iron tools, !J and fires are made ready ; the report is, that the prifon doors flew open of themfelves, and that the chains of themfelves fell from his arms ; tho’ no body loofed them. The fon of Echion perfifts ; and now does not bid others go, but goes himfelf, where Cithoeron, appointed for the celebration of the religious ceremonies, rung again with linging, and the loud voices of Bacchus’s votaries. As the mettlefome horfe chafes, when the warlike trumpet- er gives the alarm with refounding brafs, /. e. a trumpet made of brafs, and conceives an inclination for the fight; fo the (Icy flruck with long continu- ed bowlings, moved Pentheus; and his rage burnt again upon hearing the clamour. There is about the middle of the mountain, woods enclofing the flcirts of it, a plain clear of trees, and vifiblethrough- out on all fides. Here firll his mother fees him be- holding the holy exercifes with profane eyes. She firlt was hurried on in a furious pace ; (he firfi: of- fered violence to her Pentheus, by calling herthyr- fusat him ; and cried out, O my two fifters, come hither: that boar, who wanders about the larged' in our fields, that boar mult I (trike. All the whole company ru(h furioufly upon him alone : they all gather together, and purfue him forely frighted now, now fpeaking lefs violent words, now condemning' himfeiij B O O K IV. Fab. I, II, III. 8i ' liimfelf, and now confeffing that he had heinoufly r offended. Yet being wounded, he faid, O aunt Au- tonoe, give me help; let the ghoft of Adtaxm work upon your mind. She knows not who Adtseon was; 721 1 dnd fetched off the right hand off him, as he beg- ged for pity; the other was torn off by the furious violence of Ino. The poor creature has now no arms to hold out to his mother: but fliewinghis body bereft of limbs that were fcattered about, fays, Be- hold, mother. Agave, upon feeing them, howl- ed ; and tolled her neck about, and fhook her locks 1 through the air ; and griping his head, pulled off with her bloody fingers, fhe cries out, So ho, my companions, this vidtory is my r-work. The wind does not fooner tear off from a high tree the leaves nipped by the Autumn’s cold, and now flicking but indifferently to the boughs, than the limbs of the man were torn afunder by their wicked hands. The Ifmenian ladies warned by this example, frequent the new worfhip, and give their offerings of frank- incenfe, and pay their devotion at the altars now thoroughly eflablifhed. NOTE. r Performance, Atchievement. BOOK IV. I, II, III. K A UT Alcithoe, the daughter of Mi- nyasdoes not think the holy cere- monies of the God ought to be re- ceived, but, rafh creature, flill denies Bacchus to be the fon of Jupiter ; and has her fillers partners in her impiety. The pried: orders both maids and miflreffes, laying afide their work, to celebrate the feftival, to have their breads covered with a doe- fkin, and to loofe their hair-laces; to take gar- lands upon their hair, and green thyrfi in their hands ; and had foretold them, that the refent- ment,. %2 META MORPH. 9 ment of affronted Deity would be fevere. The'i mothers and new married women obey, Jaybytheir i webs and work-ba(kets, and talks unfinilhed ; and offer frankincenfe, and call him a Bacchus, and k Bromius, and c Lyaeus, and 11 Fire-born, and c Born-again, and the only one that had 1 two mo- • 13 thers. s Nyfeus too is added to them, and the hun(horn 1 Thyoneas, and with Lenaeus the ; planter of the genial grape, and 1 Nydtelius, and i father m Eleleus, and “ lacchus, and 0 Evan, and a great many othernames, which thou, Bacchus, haft through the nations of Greece. For thy youth is ne- I ver fpent. Thou art an eternal boy ; thou art feen the moft beautiful amongft the Gods in high heaven j thou haft a virgin’s head, when thou (landed with- 20 out thy p horns. The eaft u as conquered by thee, as far as where fwarthy India is inclofed by the re- mote river Ganges. Thou, O venerable God, kil- ledft Pentheus, and the ax-bearing s Lycurgus, fa- crilegious men; and threw the bodies of the Tyr- rhenian failors into the fea. Thpu commanded the NOTES. 1 He was Co called from a Greek word, fignif'ying, to revel, or to be tranfported out of one’s wits b From the cracking of fire, and noife of thunder that was heard, when his mother Semele was killed with the embrace of Jupiter. c Became wine (of which he was the God) loofes and frees the mind from cares, for which reafon alio he was called Liber by the Latins, d Becauie, when.his-mother was (truck by Jupiter’s fire, the thunderbolt, he was then brought forth. c Viz. of Jupiter’s thigh, into which he was received when taken out of Se- mele’s womb. f Viz. Semele and Jupiter’s thigh, s From the city Ai/a in India, built by Bacchus. 11 Becauie Apollo and Bacchus were accounted always young. • Becaufe his mother Semele was (ome- times called Thyone. k From a Greek word, fignifying the wine- prefs. 1 Becaufe hisfitcrifices were celebrated in the night. m From the (homing tiled in celebrating the facrifices of Bacchus, that are cal- led Orgia. a From the noife which drunken people make. 0 From the acclamations uled by the followers of Bacchus '■'•ho are therefore called Evantes. P The poets fay that Bacchus has horns, becaufe wine taken to excefs makes people fierce, like mad oxen : but when taken mo- derately, it makes them gentle and mild like virgins. 4 This Lycur- gus was king of Thraci/i ,* who, becauie he rooted up the vines, to the dilhonour of Bacchus, is find to have cut off his own legs. B O O K IV. Fab. I, II, III. 83 the necks of the two Lynx’s joined in your cha- riot, finely adorned with painted bridles. The r Bacchae, and the Satyrs follow you ; and the drunken old fellow, who fupports his reeling limbs with a ItafT, or cane, and (ticks not very fait to the crooked back'd afs. Wherefoever thou goeit, the (houts of young fellows, and together with them womens cries, and drums beat with hands, and hollow cymbals ring, and the box a ith a long bore, ! or flute. The f Ifmenian ladies beg you would 31 come amongft them, well-affeded and merciful to them ; and they attend upon your religious wor- (hip, as ordered. Only the daughters ot Minyas, diilurbing the feitiva! with unfeafonabl; work, ei- ther card wool, or turn the threads thereof with their thumbs, or keep clofe at their v/eb, and keep their maids too to their work. Of which one draw- 36 ing out her thread with her fmooth thumb, fays, whilit the reft ceafe working, and frequent an i- maginary wor(hip, let us whom Pallas, a Deity bet- ter than Bacchus, keeps employed, eafe the ufeful vork of our hands with various difeourfe ; and let us throw out before the company for the entertain- ment of our ears, now not otherwife employed, fome- thing each in her turn, hich may not fufferthe time to appear long. They approve of what (he faid, and her fillers bid her tell her (lory firft. She confiders what of many (he (hould tell, (for (he knew many) and (lie is in a doubt, whether (he (hould tell a fl-ory of thee, O 1 Babylonian u Derce- NOTES. r Thele were revelling women, prieftefies of Bacchus, and called Bac- chx, from his own name. f That is Theban. They artcalled Jfinc- tiides from Ifmenus, a river of Bact'ia, where the City Thebes flood. ’ Babylon w as one of the moft famous cities in the world, and the capi- tal of Chaldea, which is a country of Afia the greater. u Dercetis was the daughter of Venus. She was alfo called Atergatis, and changed into a mermaid; which is a fea-monfter, rcfcmbling a man or woman in the upper parts, and a fi(h in the lower. This Dercetis is thought to have been the Dagon of the old Philijiines, who inhabited part of PaUflina, which is a ID called Canaan, a nob!* country of ffm. 84 METAMORPH. tis, which the Paleftines believe to inhabit lake Iff with thy form altered, fcales covering thy limbs 47 Or rather, how her * daughter taking wings, fpenti her laft years in high toners. Or how a Naid by’ charms, and too powerful herbs, changed the bo- dies offome young men into dumb fifhes, ’till (hei fulfered the fame herfelf. Or how the tree, which* bore white fruit formerly, (hould bear now black j from a taint of blood. This Jlory pleafes left : this, i J fay, becaufe it is not a common ftory. She be- | gan therefore in thefe ftrains, whilft the wool fol- I lowed her thread. IV. Pyramus and Thifbe, one the mofl hand- J fome of all the young fellows, the other preferred ■ before all the young girls, which the eaft country i had in it, had their houfes contiguous to oneano- f ther, where Semiramis is faid to have enclofed the ' llately city Babylon with walls made of brick, s Their neighbourhood occafioned an acquaintance, j and the firlt advances of ajfeftion. With time their \ love grew ; and they \ ould have united in the tie of marriage ; but their fathers - forbad it, what they could not >■ forbid. They were both inflam- 63 ed with minds equally captivated. No one is con- ’ feious to their amour : they fpeak by nods and i ligns; and the more the fire is fmothered,the more j 65 it burns. There was a wall common to both I houfes, cleft by a fmall chink, which flaiv it had i formerly got, when it was built. This defeft, ■which had been obferved by none for many ages, you lovers firftefpied ( what does not love perceive ? ) and you made it a palfage for your voice, and love- language, uttered with a very low accent, ufed 71 to pafs fecurely through the fame. Oftentimes, i after Thilbe had flood on one fide, and Pyramus ein the other, and the breath of their mouths had ( been NOTES. * That is, Semiramis queen of Slftnia; who, according to fome, was turn’d into a Dove. * Hindered. ? Hinder. BOOK. IV. F A B. IV. 8$ been mutually catched by turns, they faid ; Thou envious wall, why dolt thou (land in the way of lovers? What great matter would jt be, if thou Ihould fuffer us to join with our whole bodies 1 or, if that be too much, Ihouldft be open enough for our giving of kifles ! Nor ate we ungrateful. We 76 confefs we are obliged to thee, that a paflage is al- lowed our words to our loving ears. After they had in vain faid fuch things as thefe on their feve- ral fides, about night they bid farewell; and each gave kilfes to their own fide, which did not reach the other. 7 he following morn had removed the 81 fires of the night, or Jlars, and the Sun had dried the dewy grafs with his rays ; when they met to- ether again at the ufual place. Then com- plaining much firlt with a low voice, they deter- mine, in the lilent night, to try to deceive their keepers, and to get out of doors ; and when they fhall have got each out of the houfe, to quit the buildings of the town, and left they Ihould mifs fone another, in wandring through the wide Itplain, to meet at the tomb of z Ninus, and conceal rlthemfelves under the lhade of a tree. There was ilthere a tall mulberry tree, full of fnow-white fruit, dclofe by a cold fpring. This agreement pleafes 91 dthem ; and the light feeming to depart flowly, is nburied in the waters of the fea, and night ariles tfrom the fame waters. The cunning Thilbe turn- ning the hinge of the door, gets out in the dark, aand deceives her domefticks ; and having covered Jijierfelf with a veil, came to the tomb, and fat adown under the tree agreed upon. Love made her :bold. Lo ! a lionefs having her frothing jaws 96 ubefnieared with the fiaughter of oxen, comes to ([quench her thirft in the water of a neighbouring (jfpring ; which the Babylonian Thilbe faw at a di- dflance by the rays of the moon, and fled into a tdark cave with a timorous pace; and whilft Ihe fliesj NOTE. 1 He was king of /ifyria. H 86 METAMORPH. 102 flies, leaves her veil that fell from her back. As foon as the cruel lionefs had quenched her third: •with much water, as fhe returns into the woodsy fhe tore the fine garment, found by chance without X0£ herfelf, with her bloody mouth. Pvramus going out later than Thishe, faw the plain footfteps of a; wild bead in the deep dud, and a was pale all hiS face over. But as foon as he found her veil tooi dyed in blood, he fays, One night will ruin two lo-* vers, of which die was mod worthy of long life : my foul is faulty : I have dedroyed thee, poor creature, who bad thee come into places full of terror by night, and came not hither fird. O ye; lions, whatever, that dwell under this rock, tear my body to pieces, and confume my wicked bow-' jij els with your cruel bites. But it is the part of a: coward to wifh for death. He takes up ThilbeV veil, and betakes himfelf to the fliade of the tree agreed upon •, and after he had bedowed fame tears; upon the well-known garment, and given kifles to; the fame; Receive now, faid he, a draught of my' blood too; and with that, he thrud the fword, 120 with which he was girt, into his bowels. And without delay, as he was a dying, drew it out of the warm wound ; as he lay upon his back on the ground, the blood fprings out on high, no other- ways, than when a pipe is flit by reafon of the lead's being decayed, and throws out a great way off the water fpinning out at a ^ biffing hole, and breaks J25 the air with its drokes. The fruit of the tree by the fprinkling of the blood, is turned into a black hue ; and the root, c wet with the gore, fiains the hanging mulberries with a purple colour. Lo ! flie, h.er fear being not yet laid afide, returns, led fhe fhould ^ deceive her lover; and feeks for the youth with her eyes and affedtion together, and 1 longs to tell him what mighty dangers (lie had e- *31 fcaped. And as foon as flie obferved the place, and the; NOTES. * Turn’d exceeding pale, Whizzing. c Soak’d in. ^ Bifappoint, * Is eager. BOOK IV. Fab. IV. S7 the appearance upon the tree altered (the colour of the fruit makes her thus uncertain) fhe is in doubt, whether this was it. Whilft fhe doubts, fhe fees trembling f members beat the bloody foil, and drew > back her foot ; and having her face whiter than : box, quavered like the fea, which (hakes, when the , top of it is £ raked with a fmall breeze. But after, 137 : upon flaying a little, fhe knew it to be her love, j fhe fmites her arms, unworthy of that ufage, with a noify beating ; and tearing her hair, and embra- ■ cing the body of her love, (lie filled his wounds with tears, and added watery tokens of her forrow to his blood ; and fixing her kiffes upon his cold countenance, fhe cried out, What fad mifchance has taken thee from me ? Pyramus, anfwer: thy mofl dear Thifbe calls thee. Hear; and lift up thy fallen countenance. At the name o f M? Thifbe, Pyramus raifed his eyes heavy with death ; and after he had feen her, clofed them again. Who after fhe obferved her robe, and faw the ivory (heath without the fword, Ihineown hand, fays fhe, and love has deflroyed thee, unhappy creature. I have too a hand (lout enough for this one purpofe; and love likewife, this (hall give me flrength enough for a wound. I will follow thee, noiu thou art dead ; and (hall be called the mofl miferable caufe and companion of thy death ; and thou who, alas ! could’ft be torn from me by death alone, (halt not be able, even by death, to be torn from me. Yet, O ye mofl miferablc parents of mine and his, be entreated for this h in thefe words of us both, not to 1 envy us the happinefs of being buried in f e fame tomb, whom conflant love, and our lafl hour hath joined together. But thou, O tree, which 158 now covered the miferable body of one with thy boughs, but by and by wilt cover thofeof two, re- tain a token of this (laughter, and ever bear fruit H 2 black NOTES. ' A. body, s Bruffrd. Ru21:J. b In the name of both of us. ‘ Grudge. 88 M E T A M O R P H. k black and fiiltaMe to mourning, a monument ofl: 362 the blood of us two. This (he faid; and after (hd'U had fixed the point of the weapon under the bottom. 1 of her breaft, (he fell upon the fword, which as 1 yet was warm from the killing of her lover. How- ever, her prayer moved the Gods, and moved their parents. For there is in the fruit, when it is grown thoroughly ripe, a black colour ; and what was left of them after their funeral piles, reds ia one urn. XII. Tft £ r e w as now an end of their dories and dill the Daughters of Minyas go on with their work, and defpife the God, and profane the fedi- val: when on a fudden drums not appearing, make a great din with their rumbling founds ; and the flute too with the crooked horn, and tinkling bra(s make a noife ; and myrrh and faffron fmell ; and a thing happened beyond all belief, their webs be- gun to grow green, and the cloth hanging in the loom to put out leaves in the form of ivy. Part turns into vines ; and what were lately threads, are changed into vine-fhoots ; and vine-branches grow out of the warp. The fcarlet lends its fplen- 599 dour to the painted grapes. And now the day was ended, and the time came on, which you could neither call darknefs, nor light ; but the confines of the dubious night with the light. The houfe fuddenly feems to (hake, and fin lamps to burn : and the houfe (hines with red fires ; and the falfe 405 appearance of favage wild-beads howl. Preftntly the fillers hide themfelves in the fmoking houfe; and in different parts avoid the fire and the light. And whilft they run into the dark, a membrane is flretched over their fmall limbs, and thin wings in- clofe their arms. Nor does the darknefs fufter them to know by what means they loft their for- 410 mer fltape. Feathers did not raife them ; and yet they NOTE, k Of dark hue,. BOOK IV. Fab. XTH. % ■they fupported themfelves upon pellucid wings; land endeavouring to fpeak, they utter a very fmall voice in proportion to their body ; and make low complaints, vv ith a fqueaking noife ; and frequent houfes, not woods ; and hating the light, fly in > the night: and have their name from the late even- - ing-ftar. XIII. But then the Deity of Bacchus was fa-- mous all over Thebes, and his aunt k Ino every where tells of the mighty power of the new God : fhe alone of fo many fillers was free from forrow, but what her fillers occafioned. Juno beholds her, 420^ having her foul elevated with her fons, and the marriage of 1 Atharnas, and m the divine majefly of her nurfling. She could not brook it; and /aid to herfelf, Gould that fon of a whore " metamor- phofe the Moeonian failors, and fink them in the fea, and give the bowels of the fon to be torn to pieces by his mother, and cover the three daugh- ters of Minyas with 0 new wings ? Can Juno do 426 nothing, but lament her troubles unrevenged ? and is that enough for me ? Is this ail my power ? He teaches me v. hat I (hall do. It is lawful to be taught too by an enemy. And what madnefs can do, he (hews fufficiently, and more than fo, by the (laugh- ter of Pentheus. Why (hould not Ino be infti- 410 gated with fury, r and run thro’ examples of a kind with thofe of her fifters ? There is 11 a (helv- ing way, (haded with the difmal yew; which leads to the infernal abodes through a profound filence. The dull river Styx throws out mills ; and the ghofts, whilfl frelh, go down that way, and the i- mages of men, after they have had burial. Pale- 436 nels and winter have pofleflion of thofe filthy- places H 3 far NOTE S. XIII. k She was the daughter of Cadmus, and filler of Setnele the mother of Bacchus. 1 He was king of Thebes, and the Ion of JToU'.o the god ot the winds. m Becaufe of having foftered the Deity. n Transform. 0 Unheard of. p And follow by her ravings tb# ex- ample ot her kindred, s A way down-hill. 90 METAMORPH. far and wide ; and the new ghofts inhabit wher< the way is, which leads to the Stygian city The wide city has a thoufand palTages to it, and gates 44O open on all lides. And as the fea receives rivers from the whole earth, fo does that place receive, all the fouls ; nor is it too little for any multitude of people, or perceive a crowd to come in it. The gholts ftroll about bloodlefs, without body and: bones : and part frequent the forum, part the pa- lace of the infernal prince; part pradtife fome trades, in imitation of their former life : their punifhment 447 confines another part. Juno, the daughter of Sa- turn, endures to go thither, leaving the heavenly habitation (fo great a fwing did fhe give to her ha- tred and pafTion.) Into which as foon as fhe was entered, and the threfhold, preffed by her facred body, fhook ; r Cerberus put out his three mouths, and uttered three barks at once. She calls the lif- ters begotten of night, terrible and implacable GoddefTes. They fat before the door of the prifon fluit clofe with adamant ; and combed their black, fnakes from their hair. Whom as foon as the God- deffes knew amidft the lhades of darknefs, they rofe up. The place of their abode is called f wick- 457 ed. 1 Tityus gave there his bowels to be torn to pieces, and was flretched along nine acres of ground. Mo water is catched by .thee, u Tantalus ; and the tree that hangs over thee, flies off. Thou, * Si- fyphus, notes. * Cerberus Is feigned to be the porter of hell. He is a big dog, ha- ving a hundred heads, according to Horace ; but others allow him only three, viz. the heads of a lion, a wolf, and a dog ' The place or prilbn of the wicked. 1 He was the fon of Jupiter and F.lara ; and for his attempting to ravilh Latona, he’spunilhed in hell by a vultures continually gnawing on his liver. “ He was the fon of Jupiter and Plota. He entertaining Ibme of the Gods, was. for ferving up his fon Pelops to them inftead of other flelh, punilhed by being made to (hand up to the chin in water, with pleafiint apples at his mouth, yet unable to enmpafs either * He was the Ion of /Bolus; and becau/e he infcfled 'lira with his robberies, he was (lain by Theleus, and is punilhed in hell by rolling a Hone up-hill, which ftill returning makes, bis labour endlels. BOOK IV. Fab. XIII. 91 fyphus, art either fetching, or thrufting thy {tone up, which will prefently fall again. x Ixion is rolled about, and both follows and flies from him- felf. And the r grand-daughters of Belus, who 462 ventured to attempt the deflruftion of their coufins, are continually taking up again the waters which they lofe. All which, after the daughter of Saturn had beheld with a flern look, and above all, Ixion ; again beholding Sifyphus after him, flie fays, Why does this alone of the brothers fuffer perpetual pu- nifhmcnt, whilfl a (lately palace contains in it the proud Athamas, who always defpifed me with his wife ? And (he declares to them the occafion of her hatred, and coming there, and what (he wanted. AVhat (he wanted was, that the palace of Cadmus fliould not (land ; and that the Furies (hould draw Athamas into fome horrid crime. She mixes com- 472 mands, promifes, and prayers, all together; and importunes the Godddfes. Juno having faid thefe things, Tifiphone, as (he was dillurbed, (hook her hoary hair, and threw back the fnakes (licking out of it from her face ; and thus (he fays : 1 here is no occafion for any long winded difeourfe: fup- pofe the things to be done, whatfoever you com- mand : forfake this unamiable kingdom, and get you back again to the air of a better heaven. Ju- 479 no returns joyful ; whom preparing to enter hea- ven, Iris, the daughter of Thaumas, purified, by fprinkling water on her. And without delay, the 48,1 plaguy Tifiphone takes a torch wet with blood, and puts on a coat red with gore running down it; and is girded with a fnake twilled about her ; and goes out of her houfe. Mourning attends her, and fright, NOTES. * He was the (on of Phlegyas; and for hoafting that he had Iain with Juno, he’s punilhed in hell hy being fattened to a wheel that conti- nually turns about. > Thefc were the daughters of Danaus the (on of Belus king of sljjyria', being fifty in number, who were married to fo many f ns of Aigytthus their uncle; and by their father’s advice flew all their bufbands in one night, except riyperhineftra, who (a ■ ved her hu(band Lynceus. And their pumfhmcut in hell is feigned ta be a pouring water into a tub full of holes. 92 META MORPH, fright, and terrour, and madnefs with a 2 trembling! countenance. She ftood at the door of Atbamas : j the a jEollan door-pofts are faid to have (haken ; j and palenefs dyed the mapple-door ; and the Sun fled the place. The wife was affrighted at thefe ; ftrange things; Athamas was terrified : and they 49.0 were both preparing to get out of the houfe. The unlucky Fury flood in their way, and blocked up the pafl’age ? and flretching out her arms twilled a- bout with the folds of vipers, fhe fhook her hair. The fnakes being moved thereby, made a noife and part of them lye upon her (boulders ; and part Aiding about her breafl, throw out hiffes, and vo- 495 mit filthy gore, and dart out their tongues. Up- on that (he tore away two fnakes out of the mid- dle of her hair; and after Jhe had feized them, threw them with her peftiferous hand at them. And they creep along the bofom of Athamas and Ino, and infpire them with b dreadful fentiments; but make no wounds in their members : it is the mind alone jOO which feels their terrible llrokes. She had brought along with her too fame monftrous fluff of liquid : poifon, as the froth of the mouth of Cerberus, and the venom of c Echidna, and wandering er- rors, and the forgetfulnefs of a blind mind, and ' villany, and tears, and rage, and the love of murder, all beaten together; which being mixed with frefli blood, fhe had boiled in a brazen kettle, ftirrcd a- 506 bout with a green hemlock-flalk. And whilfl they are affrighted, (he toffes the d furious poifon into the breads of them both ; and diflurbed their mid- riffs within. Then throwing her torch about fe- veral times in the fame ring, fhe follows the fires 510 thereof fires fwiftly agitated. Thus prevail- ing, and ' executing her commiflion, fhe returns to the NOTES. 1 Wild. 1 That is, the door-pofts of Athamas the Ion of jEoIus. k Deadly breath. c [Echidna fignifies a viper, and is taken by the poets for any large ferpent, chiefly for the Hydra of Lena.] i Imag- ing. Infuriating- c Haying executed. BOOK. IV. Fab. XIII. 93 ; he empty kingdom of the great f Pluto, and un- jirds the fnake (he had taken on her. Immediate- y the fon of jEoJus cries out diftradted in the mid- dle of his court, So ho! my companions, fet jyour nets in thefe woods : here juft now was a li- anefs feen by me, with two cubs : and upon that he follows, like a madman, the foot-fteps of his wife, as of a wild-beaft ; and fnatches from the bo- fom of his mother, Learchus laughing, and hold- ing out his little arms; and whirls him round two- or three times in the air, after the manner of a fling; and outragioufty dafhes in pieces the poor infant’s bones againft the hard (tones. Then at laft the mother being rouzed, (whether grief occa- lioned it, or the power of the poifon 8 fcattered in her) howls, and runs away diftrafted, with her hair fpread abroad ; and carrying thee, h Melicer- ta, a little boy in her naked arms, roars out, • Eva:, Bacchus. At the name of Bacchus Juno laughed, and faid. May thy nurfling do thee this fervice. There is a rock hangs over the fea; the loweft part J2J of which is worn hollow by the waves, and defends I the waters covered therein from the rain : the up- ; per-part is hard (tone, and ftretches out a front o- iver the wide fea. This Ino gets upon, (madnefs had given her ftrength) and being reftrained by no fear, (he cafts herfelf upon the fea, and her k bur- i den too: the water (truck with her fall, 1 was white 1 with froth. But Venus pitying the fad misfor- 53® tunes of her m innocent grand-daughter, thus fawn- ed upon her uncle. O thou God of the waters, Keptune, to whom fell a power next to the empire of heaven, I requeft great things indeed ; but do thou pity my relations, whom you fee tolled about upon the vaft n Ionian fea , and add them to thy Gods. NOTES. f [He was the (bn of Saturn and Ops, the god of hell and riches.} 8 Diffnfcd. h He was their oun (bn too. 1 [A voice or noile which, the followers of Bacchus ufed at celebrating his feftivals.] k [Viz. her fbn Melicerta.] 1 Foamed again. m That did not delerve them. ”[It is a part of the Mediterranean (ea, and reaches as far as from Sicih to the More a, and walhes the coart of Greece.] 94 METAMORPFL 536 Gods. I have forae intereft fure in the fea; 0 If" indeed I was formerly froth formed in the >’ middle ■ of the main, and a grateful name flieks by me front thence. Neptune yields to her begging this of him, and took from them what was mortal ; and gave them a venerable majelty ; and at once altered their names and their fhape : and f called the God Pa- laemon, with his mother Leucothoe. XIV. Her Sidonian attendants following the i prints of her feet, as far as they could, faw the la!l ! of them upon the * edge of the rock ; and think- ing no doubt was to be made of her death ; with their palms fmiting their breafts, they lamented the houfeof Cadmus, with their hair torn together 547 with their garment. And raifed an odium againfl: the Goddefs, as too cruel againft her rival. Juno could not bear their reproaches ; and faid, I will make you the greatell monuments of my feverity. 550 The execution followed o/-what was faid. Forfhe who had been the moft affedtionate to her lady, fays, I will follow the queen into the fea ; and going to give a jump, (he could not be moved any way ; and (luck faft to the rock : and another, whilft (he endeavours to fmite her bread with beating, tf.ru- fual in forrow, perceives that her arms, when tried, 556 were grown (tiff. Another, as by chance (he had flretched out her hands over the waters of the fea, becoming a done, fhe holds out her hands over the fame waters. You might have feen the fingers of another fuddenly hardened in her hair, as (lie tore 560 her hair, feized upon the top of her head. And every one duck fad in that podure, in which fhe was caught. Part of them were made birds, called Ifmenides, which now too in thofe waters r rake the fea with the r tip of their wings. XV. The NOTES. » If at lead, r Sacred [vaft] deep, f Pronounced him the God Fa- latmon, and his mother, the Goddefs Leucothoe. XIV. s Entrance to the rock. r Skim the luvfacc. f Others read fumpth (for fummis) illumed. New. fl B O O K rv. Fab. XV. 95 9 XV. The 1 fon of Agenor knows not that his * daughter and little * grandfon were now Deities D of the fea. Forced by borrow, and a fc rie* of ca- Ilamities, and the Itrange prodigies which he had feen in great number ; he flies from his city, tho' the builder nf it, as tho’ the fortune of the place, and not his own, lay heavy on him : and moving u about in long wanderings, arrived upon the coafl 5 of * Ulyricum with his exiled wife. And now | whilft they, laden with misfortunes and years, re- kfleift upon the firfl fad accidents of their family, and run over in their difcourfe their y misfortunes ; : Cadmus fays, Was that ferpent a holy one, run through by my fpear then, when coming from Si- don, I fcattered the viper’s teeth as new feed in the ground ? which if the providence of the Cods avenges with fuch fteady refentment, I pray that I may be flretched out, as a ferpent, into a long bel- ly. So he faid ; and, as a ferpent, is ftretched out 576 into a long belly ; and perceives fcales grow upon his hardened fkin, and his black body fpeckled with green fpots; and falls flat upon his breaft ; and his legs 2 being mixed together, a are drawn out fmall, with along round point. His arms now remain: 581 he holds out the arms which remain ; and with tears running down his face yet human, faid, Come hither, wife; come hither, mod miferablc creature; and whilft fomething is left of me, touch me ; and take my hand, whilft; it is a hand ; and W'hilft the fnake does not over-run me entirely. He indeed 586 defires to fay more ; but on a fudden his tongue was divided into two parts; nor are words in his power offering to fpeak ; and as oft as he goes a- bout to utter any complaints, he hilfes : this voice a/one Mature leaves him. His wife fmiting her 590 naked JV O T E S. XV. ! Viz. Cadmus. “ Viz. Ino. * Melicerta. * [A country called Sclavonia; having on the north Panncnia; on the weft, JJfria; on the eaft, Macedonia ; and on the fouth, the jddriatici lea.] r Dtflref XVI. But yet their ® grandfon, whom h Ada, fubdued by him, woxfhipped, and whom Achaia ce- lebrated in temples eredted to bis honour, gave them both a mighty confolation under this alteration of ‘607 their (bape. Only the fon of ‘ Abas, Acrifius de- feended of the fame (lock, remains to drive him from the walls of his Argolick city, and bears arms againfl the God ; and who does not think him to be a God. For indeed he did not think k Perfeus neither to be the fon of Jupiter, whom Danae had 612 conceived by a (bower of gold. However, foon after Acrifms was forry, as well that he had abufed the NOTES, Strip youriilf from this prodigious change. c Twined about her. * Others read the original here, thus: at ilia Luirica permulcet crijlati colla iraconis. But fhe ftroaks over the flippery neck of the creftcd ferpent. e Glide in a neighbour train. ;f Near. XVI. « Viz. Bacchus. h India. ‘ He was king of the Argives, and the fon of Lynceus and Hypermneftra. k He was the fon of Jupiter and Danae the daughter of Acriftus. B O O K IV. Fab. XVII. 97 ithe God, as that he had ifbt owned his grandfon t to be Jupiter's Jon, (fo great is the power of truth.) i The one was now placed in heaven ; and the other I bringing off the memorable fpoil of the viperous i monfter, cut the tender air with hiding wings. \ And whilfl the conqueror hung over the Libyan ] fands, bloody drops of the 1 Gorgon’s head fell I down : upon receiving of which, the ground enli- . vened them into ro various fnakes. From whence l that country is filled and infefted with fnakes. XVII. Being carried thence by jarring winds, I through n an immenfe fpace, he moves now hither, ii now thither, after the manner of a watery cloud ; I and looks down from the high fky upon the earth I a great way below ; and flies over the whole world, ' Three times he faw the cold bear-ltars, three times 625 the arms of the crab. He was oftentimes carried away to the weft, often to the eaft. And now the day declining, being afraid to truft himfelf to the night, he (lopped in the weftern part of the world, in the kingdom of Atlas ; and defires a little reft, till Lucifer (hould call out the fires of the morn- ing, and the morning the diurnal chariot ef the Sun. Here was Atlas the fon of Japetus, excel- 631 ling all mortals for a huge body. The 0 furtheft part of the earth, and the fea which p holds its wa- ters under the panting horfes of the Sun, and re- ceives the wearied chariot, was under this king. A thoufand flocks of his, and as many herds wan- 635 dered over the grafs ; and noneighbourhood q dif- turbed his land. Leaves of trees (hining with ra- diant gold, covered fprigs of gold, and apples of gold. Friend, fays Perfeus to him, whether the NOTES. 1 The Gorgones were three daughters of Phorcus or Phorcys (king of Corfica,) viz. Medufa, Stheno, and Euryale. They were Paid to have fnakes inftead of hair, and to kill men by their looks. 1,1 Of. feveral forts. Speckled. n The boundlefs air, a \VeftcrmofU r Spreads, s Straitened his territory. Walls. r ^8 METAMORPH. glory of a great defcent affe&s you, Jupiter is the original of my defcent; or, if you are an admir- er oigreat exploits, you will admire mine. I beg 642 of you entertainment and reft. He was mindful of an old oracle,-(the Parnaflian Themis had given this oracle) Atlas, a time will come, when thy tree (hall be ftript of its gold, and a (bn of Jupiter 646 will have the honour of the prize. Atlas fearing this, had inclofcd his orchard with foiid mountains, and given it to a huge dragon to keep ; and kept all foreigners from his territories ; and fays too, Get thee gone far from hence, left the glory of the exploits which thou falfely pretends to, and 651 Jupiter be far from protefling thee. And he adds violence to his threats ; and endeavours to drive him out upon his demurring, and mixing r bold f t words with fmooth ones. Being inferior to him in ftrength, (for who could be a match for the Jftrength of Atlas ?) Butbecaufe, fays he, 1 my fa- vour is o( (mail account with thee, take this pre- fent ; and he turning his face backward, drew out ,657 from his left fide the ugly face of Medufa. Atlas, as great as he was, became a mountain ; “ for his beard and hair turn into woods: his (boulders and hands are the * tops of it; and what was a head before, is a fummit on the top of the mountain. 660 His bones become ftones ; then he grew high on all parts to an immenfe reach, (fo ye Gods deter- mined) and the whole heaven, with fo many ftars in it, refted upon him. XVIII. The x fon of Hippotas had (hut up the winds in their eternal prifon ; and the bright morn- Ang-ftar, that puts me/i in mind of their work, was ri- ien; > he binds his feet on each fide with his wings refumed, NOTES. * ftcugh. f Calm. ' My being obliged to you is of little weight *wtli you. u Jam. In the firft pl.ee. * Ridges. XVIII. * [That t« /Eolus, the grandfoa of liippotas-] r Viz. Peifeus. F O O K. IV. Fab. XVIII. 99 > refumcd, and is girt with his crooked fword ; and I cleaves the liquid air with his z wings moved: and i having left innumerable nations around and below, i he efpies the nations of the .Ethiopians, and the lands of * Cepheus. There the unjull b Ammon 670 : had ordered the innocent Andromeda to fuffer pu- 1 nilhment for her c mother’s tongue. Which as foon as the defcendent of Abas- faw with her arms tied to the hard rocks ; but that the light air tolled her hair about, and her eyes ran with d warm tears ; he would have thought that it had been a * work of marble. 77;o’ he was ignorant who jhe 67$ was, he catches fire, and is amazed ; and being charmed with the appearance of her extraordinary beauty, he well nigh forgot to fhake his wings in the air. As foon as he Hood upon the ground, be faid, O lady, not deferving of thofe chains, but thofe by which fond lovers are joined betwixf thcmfelves, tell me, at my requeft, the name of your country, and your own ; and why you wear thofe chains. She at firft is filent: and as being a 6&r virgin, dares not fpeak to a man ; and would have concealed her modeft countenance with her hands* if (he had not been bound. What fhe could do, jhe did: (he filled her eyes with tears burfting out. Upon his often urging her, f left fhe (hould feem 685 unwilling to confefs her crimes, fhe tells him both the name of her country, and her own, and how great the confidence of her mother’s beauty had been. And all her /lory being not yet told, tho water roared, and the approaching beaft hovers o- ver the vaft fea, and s covers the watery plain far and wide under his breaft. The young lady cries 69: I 2 out:- NOTES. 3 [ Perftus received thefe heel-wings [Talarid] from Mercury.] 3 He was the fon of Phasnix, (Agenor’s fon) and king of Ethiopia; the hufband of Cafliopea, and father of Andromeda. ^ Ammon or Ham- mon is one of Jupiter’s names, and fignifies Sandy. He was worlhip- ped, by this name, under the fhape of a ram, in a famous temple in. fhe delerts of Libya. c She had proudly preferred her own beauty to. that of the Nereids.] i Trickling. e Marble liatue. f For fear of farming loth to confefs fome faults of her own. e Takes up. joo METAMORPB. out: her mournful father, and the aftonifhed mo- ther, is by ; both miferable, but file more juftly fo : nor do they bring her any help with them, but weeping fuitable to the time, and wrailing ; and cleave clofe to her bound body. Then thus fpoke the Itranger : A long time of mourning may be left for yon ; but there is but a fhort fpace for giv- ing the lad) affiffance. If I fhould defire her, I Per- feus the fon of Jupiter, and h her, whom, when fhut up inprifon, Jupiter impregnated with fruitful gold : I Perfeus, the conqueror of the fnake-haired Gor- gon, and the man who ventured to move through the air upon flapping wings; I fhould furely be 701 preferred before all as your fon-in-law. I attempt to add 1 merit likewife to fuch k mighty advantages (let but the Deities favour me.) 1 bargain only that file may be mine, after Jbe has been laved by my valour. Her parents accept the condition (for who would 1 doubt it ?) and entreat him to un- dertake it ; and promife him moreover the king- 706 dom as a m fortune. Lo ! like as a fnip with a beak fixt in its prow, fwiftly moving, furrows the * waters, forced forwards by the arms of fweating young fellows : fo the monfter 11 removing the wa- ters by the impulfe of his breaft, was as far from the rocks, as is the middle fpace of the air, which a 0 Balerian fling can pafs with a whirled lead bui- 711 let. When fuddenly the young gentleman ? repul- ftng the earth with his feet, went off aloft into the clouds. As the fliadow of the man was feen on the s top of the fea, the bead vents its fury upon the fhadow, when obferved. And as the bird of Jupiter NO T E S. h ylz Danae, the daughter of Acrifius. 1 An obligation. Kmdnefs. k Qualifications. 1 Scruple. Dower, or dowry. ^ Parting. " [The Bakarcs are two Spanifa iflands in the Mediterranean fea, (now called Majorca and Minorca, but Minorca belongs to Britain,) whole inhabitants were excellent (lingers,- and their children vvere not allowed to eat their breaktaft till they had beat it off a beam with a fling.] P Spurning the ground. s Smooth Surface. BOOK IV. Fab. XVIII. lOI Jupiter, after he has efpied a fnake in the open field r turning up his f livid back to the Sun, feizes him behind, and, left he fhould turn upon him his cruel mouth, fixes his greedy claws in his fcaly neck ; thus the * dependent of Inachus " coming foufe down with a fpeedy flight through the cleft air, * got upon the back of the beaft, and thruft his fword up to the crooked guard, in the right (boul- der of him x making an angry noife. Being hurt 721* by fo grievous a wound, one while he lifts himfelf up aloft into the air, another while puts himfelf under water ; another while turns about, after the manner of a wild boar, whom a pack of dogs, roaring around him, terrifies. He avoids the beojl's- y greedy fnatches with his fwift wings ; and wounds* with his crooked fword one while his back cover- - ed with hollow (hells, v/here it is expofed ; ano- ther while the ribs of his (ides ; another while, where his tail z being.fmalleft,.a ends in fi(h. The 728 monfter vomits out of his mouth waters mixed with red blood : his wings were wet, and heavy with the fprinkling thereof: and Perieus not daring to truft himfelf any longer upon his b drinking wings, efpied a rock, which (lands with his top out of the waters, when dill; but is covered with the fea, ■when it is move&. c Refting upon that, and feizing 733 the d tip-top of the rock with his left hand, three or four times he run his fword through his guts (truck at again and again.* A (bout, with dapping 735* of hands, filled the (bores, and the upper houfes of the Gods. Cafliope, and the father Ccpheus re- joice, and falute him as their fon-in-law, and con- fefs him to be the fupport and deliverer of their I 3 NO T E S, ' Vr^bcntcm Phrcbo. Balking. Sunning. f Azure. ' [ That is, Per/eur the 4rgivc. He is called Inachides, becaufe the Sir gives were called InacKdx, from Inachus, who was theirfirii king at Argos; where alio Acrifius the grandfather of Perfeus reigned ] " Shooting Peep down, through the void. * Lighted upon. x Roaring, r Eager fnaps 2 Run- ning very taper. 1 Terminates in a fifty futfbnc-v !> Spungy. c Getting upon that, i Utmoft tidges, 10? METAMORPH. family. The young lady being loofed from her chains, walks along, both the price and caufe of his atchievement. He wafhes his conquering hands in water taken up out of thcfea; and left he (hould injure the fnake-bearing head upon the hard fand, he foftens the ground with leaves, and fpreads thereon fome twigs that grew under the fea ; and lays upon them the face of Medufa, the daughter of Phorcys. The frefh twigs being yet alive, catch- ed the e violence of the monfterin its f thirfty pith, 747 and hardened with the touch of it ; and B felt a new ftiffhefs in its fprigs and leaves. But the Nymphs of the fea attempt the wonderful fad in more twigs ; and rejoice to fee the fame thing hap- pen ; and fow here and there feeds of them fcatter- 750 ed in the water. Now too the fame nature remains in the corals, that they receive a hardnefs from the touch of the air ; and what was a twig in the fea, becomes a ftone out of the fea. XIX. He eredts to three Gods, as many altars of turf; one en the left hand to Mercury, another on the right hand to thee, O h warlike lady ; the altar of Jupiter is in the middle. A cow is killed to Minerva; a calf to the wing-footed God, and a -y bull to thee, thou greateft of the Gods. Immedi- ately he feizes upon Andromeda, the reward of fo great an adlion ; but without any ‘ fortune. Hy- menaeus and Cupid ftiake torches before them ; and the fires upon the altars are filled with plenty of 760 perfumes. And garlands hang upon the houfes; and k flagelrts, and harps, and flutes, and fongs, the happy tokens of a joyful mind, refound again. Gilded galleries appear to view, with the folding doors wide open : and the nobles of king Cepheus engage in feafts furniflied out with fplendid provifi- on. NOTES. * Power, Efficacy. r Spungy, s Received. XIX, h Fiz. Pallas. ‘Dower. k [Thefe were made of the Lute- tree.] B O O K IV. Fab. XIX. ioj on. After they had done the feaft, andrelaxed their minds by the benefit of generous wine; the great- grandfon of Abas enquires into the m way of living, and n people of thofe parts. Immediately one of 767 the nobles, Lyncides, tells him, upon his enquiring, the manners and way of life of the men there. Which as foon as he had told him, he faid, Now, O mod: gallant Sir Perfeus, tell us, I befeech you, with how great bravery, and by what arts you got off the head haired with fnakes. The great grand- 772 fon of Abas tells him, that there was a place lying under the cold Atlas, fecured by the fence of a fo- lid mole ; in the entrance of which the two filters, the daughters of Phorcys, dwelt; who “had the ufe ot but one e-yz amongft them. That he llily, by fub- 776 tile craft received this, by putting his hand in the way whilft it is r delivered : and then over rocks far remote, and out of all way, and covered with woods growing on the craggy lides thereof, he ar- rived at the habitations of the Gorgons ; and faw every where along the fields and the roads, ftatues of men and wild beads, turned into done from the light of Medufa. Yet that he by the reflexion o/T/;,? 702 light from the brafs of his buckler, which he bore in his left hand, beheld the vifage of Medufa : and whilfl a found deep kept her fnakes and her fad, he fevered her head from her neck : and that s Pega- fus who flies upon wings, and his brother fprung from the blood of her their mother. He added too 787 the dangers of a long flight, ivhich -were not falfe ; and what feas, and what lands he faw under him when on high; and what dars he had touched in the tolling of his wings. Yet he held his tongue 790 before it was expe&ed: whereupon one of the num- ber NOTES. 1 Dilated [enlarged] their fpirits. m Arts. Cnfloms, ire. " Nature of the country. 0 Partitas, that (har’d between them, v Handing from one to the other, s [This was Perfeus’s flying horfe, bred of the blood of his mother Medufa. His brother was called Chryfaor. R54 M E T A M O R P H. ber of the nobles r rejoins, afliing him, Why but" one of the fillers had fnakes mixed alternately with her hair. Friend, fays Perfeus, becaufe you en- quire after things worthy to be related, hear the caufe of the thing you alk after. She was the moll famous of them for beauty, and the f invidious-hope 796 of many wooers. Nor was there any part in the whole of her more 1 confpicuous than her hair: I have met with thofe, who told me they had feea- it. The u governor of the fea is faid to have de- flowered her in the temple of Minerva. The daugh- ter of Jupiter turned away, and covered her chafte countenance w'ith her * fhield : and that this might not go unpunilhed, (he changed the Gorgon’s hair into filthy fnakes. Now too, to fright her aftonUh-v ed enemies, (he bears upon her bread before, the fnakes which (lie made-, NOTES. r Takes him up immediately. f Envy'd. ' Remarkable. " Viz; Neptune. * [This fhield was called iEgis, which was a breafl-plate at firft of a goat’s (kin, afterwards of brafs. It was made by Vulcan, with a Gorgon’s head in it, and worn by Jupiter and Pallas. BOOK V. J, /i N ^ whilft the 3 hero; the fon of Danae, ZA relates thefe things in the midd of the jL A company of Cepheus’s nobles, the royal palace is filled with an angry noife of a multitude : nor is the Ihout fuch as- celebrates a marriage fead; but what gives notice of cruel arms. And you 5 might compare the feafl, turned into fudden con- fufion, to the fea; which, when quiet, the boide- rous rage of winds b didurbs by railing of the wa- ters* NOTES. Is 1 Viz. Perfeus. b RuiHci. ■ BOOK V. Fab. I. 105 :ters. The foremoft amongfl: them, c Phineus, the c rafh d author of the war, {baking an aftien fpear with a brazen point, fays, Lo, lo, I am come, the a- 1 venger of my wife’s being taken from me : n©r {hall (thy wings, nor Jupiter turned into falfe gold, de- iliver thee from me. Upon his endeavouring to 12 throw /;;/ fpear, Cepheus cries out, What are you (doing? Brother, what fentiment hurries you with . fuch fury upon this villany ? Is this c requital made l to fuch great fervices ? Do you repay the faving of 1 my daughter's life with this fortune ? Whom not 16 Perfeus, but if you refledf, the incenfed majefly of the Nereids, but horned Ammon, but the monfter of the fea, which came to be glutted with my bow- els, took from you. She was fnatched from you at that time, when {he was to have periflied : f un- lefs you cruelly infill upon that very thing, that Ihe {hould perifh ; and will be eafed by my forrow. What is it not enough, that (he was bound, whilft 22 you looked on ; and that you her uncle and her fpoufe gave her no help : will you moreover be for- ry that {he was faved by any one ? and will take from him that faved her his reward ? Which if it ap- 25 pears great to you, you {hould have fetched it from the rock where it was fixt. Now fuffer him that did fetch it, by whom our old age is not childlefs, to have what he g ftipulated for, both by his merits and exprefs contradl ; and know that he was not preferred before you, but certain death. He faid 30 nothing in anfwer ; but beholding both him and Perfeus with alternate looks, knows not whether he fhould attack this man, or the other ; and {laying a while, he threw his fpear, difeharged with all the might that anger gave, at Perfeus, in vain. As it ftood fixed in the bed ; then at latt Perfeus jumped from NOTES. e [This Phineus (to whom Andromeda had been betrothed before file was expofed to the whale) was the brother of king Cepheus.] “ Begin- ner. e Kindnefi. f Unlefs perchance, s Purchaftd both by fervice done, and abb agreed for by word of mouth. 106 IV1 E T A M O R P H. from off the h bedding, and being enraged, would have pierced his enemy’s breaft, by throwing the weapon back at him, had not Phineus gone behind an altar: and (O abominable !) the altar proteifted 38 a villain. However the fpear being not thrown in vain, ftuck in the forehead of Rhsetus ; who after he was fallen, and the fpear was pulled out of his Ikull, * fprawls in agony, and befpatters the tables that 41 Hood by, with his blood. But then the company burns out into ungoverned rage, and throw their weapons about; and fome there are who fay, that Cepheus, with his fon-in-la*, ought to die. But Cepheus was got out at the door of the houfe, cal- ling to witnefs right and faith, and the Gods of hofpitality, that this difturbance was made, tho’ 46 he forbad it. The warlike Pallas comes, and pro- tefts her k brother with her fhield ; and gives him courage. There was an Indian s«e, Athis, whom Limnate, the daughter of the river Ganges, is be- lieved to have brought forth under the glaUy, /. e. clear waters, excelling in beauty ; which he impro- ved by a rich drefs, in his prime, as yet but twice eight years old ; clad in a Tyrian cloak which a fa- cing of gold 'guarded: a golden bracelet adorned his neck, and a crooked hair-binder his hair wet 54 with myrrh. He indeed had been, taught to hit things tho’ at a great diftance, by the calling of a dart; yet he was Hill more Ikilful at direding the 56 bow. Perfeus Hruck him then too bending the flexible horns of a bow with his hand, with a fag- got, which fmoked as it lay upon the altar, and m dalhed his face to pieces in his broken Ikull. When the AflTyrian Lycabas, very clofely united to- him, by the ties of f iendjhip, and his companion, and no concealer of the real paflion he had for him. NO T E S. h Couch. 1 Others read calcitrat (kicks hard) for pdtfitat. k Viz. Pertcus. 1 Edged. m Broke the bones of his Ikull that were now. jumbled together. BOOK V. Fab. I. 107 1 Taw him rolling his ” goodly face in his blood ; ; after he had bemoaned Athis breathing out his life •under a cruel wound, he takes -up the bow he had bent, and faid, Have now an engagement with me; thou fhalt not long rejoice at theeleath of the boy; by which thou getted more of hatred, than praife. He had not yet faid all thefe words, when the pier- 66 cing weapon fprung from the ftring ; and tho’ it was avoided, yet it hung in his plaighted garment. The grandfon of Acrifius turns upon him his ° fal- chion, that had been p tried with the daughter of Medufa, and thrulls it into his bread. Buthe now 70 a-dying, with his eyes fwimming in black night, looked about for Athis, and laid himfelf by him ; and carried to the (hades the comfort of a death joined to that of his friend. And now Phorbas the s Syenite, the fon of Metbion, and the Libyan Amphimedon,r deftrous to join battle, (lipped, and fell down in the blood, with which the earth all a- bout being wet, was warm. The fword met them as they rofe, being driven within the ribs of one, and into the throat of Phorbas. Hut Perfeus does not attack Erithus the fon of After, whofe weapon was a large battle-ax, with his fword 1 applied to iiim ; but takes up with both hands a fwinging bowl, 1 (landing out ’with little images emboded upon it, and of a huge mafs in weight ; and raps it againft the man. He vomits red blood, and, falling upon his back, beats the ground with his dying bead. After that, he lays upon the ground 85 Polydasmon, fprung from the blood of Semiramis, and the Caucafian Abaris, and Lycetus the fon of Sperchius, and Helices with his hair unfhorn, and Phlegias, and Clytus: and tramples upon heaps of dying NOTES. 8 Others read, in the original,/eda/or (befpattered) for laudatos. ® \Harpe was that crooked fword wherewith Mercury flew Argus, and Perfeus cut off Medufa’s head ] f Thoroughly proved, s [SycBe is a city in JEgypt.] r Eager to come to dole fight, ! Hand to hand. 1 Em- bofled with high raifed Imagery. lo8 M E T A M O R P H. dying men piled up. Kor durft Phineus engage hand to hand with the enemy ; but whirls his dart, which a mifs of his mark brought upon Idas, who to no purpofe had been unconcerned in the war, and followed neither arms. He beholding the cruel Phineus with (tern eyes, fays, Since I am drawn in to one fide, take the enemy thou haft made thyfelf, Phineus ; and “ make amends for my wound with this wound, which 1 am going to give thee. And now he was juft upon throwing back the weapon which he had drawn out of his body ; when finking down, he fell upon his limbs #void 97 of blood. x Here too Odites, the firft of all the grandees of Cepheus next the king falls by the (word of Clymenus : Hypfeus fmites Protenor; Lyncides Hypfeus. There was too amongft them the aged Emathion, an obferver of equity, and a fearer of the Gods : who, becaufe his years pre- vent his fighting, he engages only by talking ; and 103 rails, and curfes their wicked arms. Cromis with his fword cut off his head for him, as he embraced the altars with his trembling palms, which imme- diately fell upon the altar ; and there too, half- alive, uttered curfing words with his tongue, and breathed out his foul into the middle of the fire. 107 Upon this two brothers, Broteas and Ammon, in- vincible at 1 gantlets, (if fwords could be conquer- ed by gantlets) fell by the hand of Phineus : and AmpycuS, the prieft of Ceres, having his temples IIO covered with a white ribbon. Thou too, lapetides, not to be employed for thefe fervices; but one who exercifed the harp, a work of peace, with thy voice, had’ft been ordered to attend the entertainment and feaft with finging. Whom ftanding at a diftance, and holding his 2 pledtrum not fit for war, Petta- NOTES. ■ Take wound for wound. Set this wound againft that. * Drain’d of their blood. 2 On this fide alfo; that is, on Pcrfeus his fide. 1 Whirlbats. * Quill. B O O K V. Fab. I. lop lus bantering, faid, Sing the reft to the Stygian ghofts ; and ftuck the point of the fword in his left temples. Down he falls, and with his dying fin- 217 gers touches once again the firings of his lyre ; and in his fall plays but a miferable tune. The fierce Lycormas does not fuffer him to fall unpunifhed ; and tearing away a ftrong bolt from the right door- cheek, laid it full drive upon the bones of the mid- dle of his neck ; and then down he fell upon the ground, after the manner of a flain bullock. The 123 “ Cinyphian Pelates was attempting too to fetch down the oaken bolt of the left door-cheek ; but as he attempted it, his right hand was faftened thereto by the fpear of the ^ Marmaridan Corythus, and ftuck pegged to the wood. Abas (tabbed him in 126 the fide, as heftuck; but he did not fall ; but his hand fupporting him, he hung from the door- cheek. Melaneus too, who followed the camp of Perfeus, is flain; and Dorylas very rich in c Na- famoniack land ; Dorylas rich in land : than whom not another befides poflefled fields to a greater ex- tent, or received from thence fo many heaps of corn. A fpear thrown at him flood in the fide of 132 his groin ( ^ that is a mortal part) whom after the author of the wound, the e Batftrian Halcyoneus, faw throbbing out his foul, and rolling his eyes; take, fays he, this that thou now prefleft, of fo many fields of land ; and fo left his body blood- lefs. The great grandfon of Abas, as his aven- 137 ger, whirls at him the fpear pulled out of the warm wound ; which being received in the middle of his nofe, was run through his neck, and (licks out on both fides. And whilft fortune affifts his hand, 140 he NOTES. 1 [ C'myphus and Cinyps is a river in Africa. b That is, Corythus the fon of Marmarus; or Corythus the Marmaridan ; a people fo called from Marmarica, a country of Africa. c Nafamones were a people of Libya, who lived by pyracy and robbing.] d A wound in that place is mortal. c [Baftra was the chief city of BaSriana, a country of filfta.} no METAMORPH. he f killed Clytius and Clanas born of one mother, with different wounds. For an adieu fpear, bran- didied with a ftrong arm, was driven thro’ both the thighs of Clytius ; Clanis bit a dart in his mouth. Celadon the g Mendelian, fell too : A- ftreus fell, born of a mother that was of Paleftine, 146 but of an uncertain father. And /Ethion, fagaci- ous at forefeeing things long after to come, was then deceived by a falfe 11 bird ; and Thoa<5tes the king’s fquire, and Agyrtes infamous for killing his father. Yet more work remains, than what was already finidied : for they have all a defign to de- ftroy one, i. e. Perfeus. Troops in confederacy light on all hands, for a caufe that attacked 1 me- rit and k faith. For one fide, the father-in-law 1 pious in vain, and the new-married wife, with her mother, are favourable; and fill the palace with howling : but the din of arms, and the groans of men falling in fight, m prevail. ” Bellona, at the fame time, befmears the polluted houfhold Gods with much blood ; and raifes renewed fights. Phi- neus, and a thoufand that followed Phineus, fur- round one. Weapons fly about thicker than win- ter’s hail, by both his fides, by his eyes, and his ? 60 ears. Upon this he applies his Ihoulders to the Hones of a great pillar ; and, having his back fe- cure, and being turned to the oppofite troops, he withflands them preffing hard upon him. On the left fide “cameon the ^ Chaonian Molpeus ; on the right, the Nabathaean Ethemon. Asatyger (pur- red on with hunger, upon hearing the lowings of two herds in different valleys, knows not which way he (hould Tally, and yet is eager to Tally out both wavs : fo Perfeus being in doubt, whether he fliould NOTES. f Laid flat. * [Mcndes was a city in jEgypt.~] 11 Augury. ; Obliga- tion. k Promift. 1 True to his new relation. n> Drowns that, viz. the howling. I; fBellona was the Goddefs of war, and the tiller of Mars the God of war. ■> Chat ged upon him. S'[The Chaor.es were a peo- ple of Chaoma, the hilly part of Epirus.] BOOK. V. Fab. I. Ill ihould t move to the right or the left, repulfed Molpeus, by a wound in his leg, which he ran through ; and was content with his flying off. For Ethemon does not give him time to purfue him ; but is in a rage ; and being defirous to give him a wound in his tall neck, broke his fword, wield- ed with incautious ftrength, upon the extreme part of a pillar he ftruck upon: the blade flew in pieces, and was fixt, part of it, in the owner’s throat. Yet that ftroke did not afford a caufe efteftual e- nough for death, Perfeus (tabs him trembling, and holding out his cowardly arms in' vain, with his ' Cyllcnian falchion. But when he favv his cou- 177 rage fink under the number of his enemies, I will fcek alliftance from an enemy, faid Perfeus, fince you yourfelvcs force me to it. Turn away your faces, if any friend be here; and then he pulled out his Gorgon’s face. Seek fomebody elfc, faid j8r Thefcelus, whom thy miracles may move : and as he was preparing to throw his deadly dart with his hand ; he (tuck faft a flatue of marble in that po- (ture. Ampix being next him, with his fword, makes at the bread of Lyncidesvery full of a great fpirit; and, in attacking him, his right hand grew ftiff, and was neither moved backward nor for- ward. But Nileus, who had falfely pretended that 187 he was begot by the feven-dreamed Nile, and had inlaid in his fhield too his feven channels, partly in filver, and partly in gold: Behold, fays he, Perfeus, the original of my defcent; thou (halt carry a mighty confolation for thy death to the fi- lent (hades, that thou diddfall by fo great a man. The lad part of his faying was < fupprefled in the middle of the found ; and you would think that his open mouth would fpeak ; but that is not padablc for words. Eryx rattles thefe and fays, you 195 K- 2 are NOTES. ' Charge. r[That is the crooked fword (Harpe) which Perleus got from Mercury, who was born upon Cyllene, a mountain of Arcadia. 1 Stopt fhort in the midft of the provvouncing. 112 MET A MORPH. are benumbed 'by the fault of your mind, and not by . NOTES. * By default ofcourage. “ Of the ordinary fort. * Make. B O O' K. V. FA B. II. m. u3 ! I can give thee, moft cowardly Phineus, and what i is a great favour fora coward, lay alide thy fear, I ■ will give it thee: thou {halt be hurt by no wea- | pon. Nay, moreover, I will give thee a mo- nument to continue for ever ; and thou {halt al- ways be feen in the houfe of my father-in-law, that my wife may comfort herfelf with the image of her fpoufe. Thus he faid; and transferred the daugh- 230 ter of Phorcys to that fide; to* which Phineus had turned himfelf with a trembling face. The neck ; of him, as he then too endeavoured to turn his eyes, grew ftiff; and the moifture of his eyes * hardened in ftone : but yet his face continued ti- morous in appearance, and his look that of a fup- pliant in the marble, and his hands hanging down., and hi& s gefture 2 lowly. II. The great grandfon of Abas being thus vic- torious, enters the walls of his native city, with his wife ; and, as the a defender, and avenger of his 1 innocent grandfather, he attacks c Proetus for Proetus having banilhed his brother by force of arms, had taken pofiefTion of the citadel of Acrifi- us ; yet did he not prevail againft the grim eyes of the fnake-bearing monfier, by the help of his arms, nor by the citadel which he had villainoufly feized. III. Yet, O a Polydetfes, governor of little Seriphus, neither the gallantry of the young gentle— man tried through fo many atchievements, nor his hardfhips had foftned thee ; but like a hard-hearted •wretch, thou exerted an inexorable hatred againft K. 3 himsj-, NOTE S. x Was petrify’d; 7 Tlie whole make of the man. Ills whole outu sui - appearance. 2 Full of flavilh cringing. II. 2 Aflerter and revenger of his grand-father’s right. b Others read, in the original, parentis immcriU (for immeriti) his mother (viz. Danae) that deferved it not at his hands. c [Prcetus was the fori-., of Abas, and brother of Acrifius.] III. 11 fie was king of jSVrij&ta^wifland i» die fea». 114 METAMORPH, him ,* nor is there any end in thy unreafonabie wrath. Thou detradteft too from his praife ; and alledgeft that his killing of Medufa was only fidti- tious. We will give thee a proof of the truth, fays Perfeus : e have a care of your eyes all elfe ; and then he made the king’s face flint without blood, by the face of Medufa. IV. Thus far the f Tritonian Goddefs {Pal- las') had joined herfelf as a companion to her gold- begotten brother. After that, being wrapt in a hollow cloud, fhe forfakes Seriphos, leaving £ Cyth- nus and Gyarus on her right; and where the wray feemed fhorteft over the fea, makes for Thebes, and Helicon frequented by virgins (the Mufes) ; which mountain after fhe had gained, fhe made a 256 ftand, and thus befpoke the learned lifters. The fame of a new hfpring has come to our ears, which the hard hoof of the Medu fean winged horfe broke. 1 hat is the caufe of my coming hither. I had a mind to fee the wondrous fa6t: I faw him fpring 260 from his mother’s blood. Uranie replies, What- foever is the caufe, Goddefs, of your viliting thefe our habitations, you are very acceptable to our minds. However, the fame is true ; and Pegafus is the original caufe of this fpring ; and fhe con- du&ed Pallas to the facred waters : who, for a long time, wondering at the waters that were made by the ftrokes of a horfe’s foot, fhe looks about upon the groves of antient woods, and the caves, and the 267 grafs ‘ diftinguilhed by innumerable flowers. And calls the Mnemonian ladies,happy, as w'ell upon account of their way of life, as theplace of their 268 abode. Whom one of the lifters thus befpoke. O Tri- NOTES. * Shut your eyes. f [Pallas was called Tritonia and Tritonis, from the lake Triton in Africa, where (he was brought up, and fir ft appear- ed. r Thefe are two of the Cyclades illands in the JEgcan fea. 11 This fpring is called Hippoaene, and is faid to have been opened by a ftroke of the foot of the winged horfe Pegafus, at the foot of mount lleli' «».] ■ Painted. Chequered. Embroidered. BOOK V. Fab. IV. 115* E Tritonia, who would’ft have come in to make a part of our company, had not your gallantry car- ried you off to greater works; you fay true, and defervedly approve both our profeflion, and place cf habitation ; and we reckon our condition agree- able, provided we may but be fafe. But ( k fo much to wickednefs is nothing unlawful, in the o- j pinion of the wicked) all things affright our virgin minds ; and the dreadful 1 Pyreneus is ever before our faces ; and I have not yet recovered myfelf 276 I with my whole mind. That wild man had feized the Daulian and Phoctean country with Thracian fpldiers, and held the kingdom thereof unjuftly. We were going to m the temples upon mount Par- naffus. He faw us going ; and worfliipping our Goddefsfhips with a deceitful worlhip, he faid, O Mnemonides (for he knew us) flop ; and doubt not, I befeech you to avoid the bad weather, and the rain (for rain there was) in my houfe : the Gods above have oftentimes entered little cottages. We moved by his invitation, and the time toge- ther, comply with the man, and entered the fore- room of his houfe. The rain was now over, and 285 the fouth wind being mallered by the north, the black clouds fled from the cleared heaven. We had a mind logo. Pyrcneus {huts his houfe, and prepares for violence, which we avoided by taking wings. He flood aloft on the top of his houfe, like one that would follow us ; and faid, Where there is a way for you, there will be the fame for me too. And, Me a mad man, throws himfelf down from the very highefl fummit of a tower ; and falls upon his face ; and breaking the bones thereof, he dy- ing, beats the ground flained with his wicked blood. V. THUS NOTES. k So it is, there is nothing but what wickednefs will attempt. » This Pyreneus was a Thracian tyrant, who had feized upon Daulis a city of Phcis, and affronted the mufes.] m Our £acred places on Parmjjus) 116 METAMORPH. V. THUS fpoke the mufe. When wings made a noife in the air, and a voice of /ome 11 fainting j them came from the high boughs. The daughter of Jupiter looks up, and alks whence tongues that fpoke fo plain, made that noife ; and thinks that fotne human creatures fpoke. They were 0 birds ; ; and nine of them in number, being magpies that i- mitate all things, pearched upon the boughs, com- | 300 plaining of their fate. Thus the Goddefs Uranie, begun to reply to the wondering Goddefs, Miner- va : Lately too thofe being overcome in a difpute •with us, encreafed the number of the birds. Rich Pierus begot them in the p Pelleaean lands : the Pseonian Evippe was their mother. She nine times invoked the powerful 11 Lucina, being nine times 305 in labour. 'This crowd of foolilh lifters was proud of their number ; and came hither through fo ma^ ny cities of jEmonia, through fo many cities of .Achaia; and begin a fight in fuch words as thefe. Give over deceiving the ignorant vulgar with an \ empty fweetnefs. If you have any confidence in your /kill in muftek, engage with us, ye r Thefpian Goddefles. We ftiall neither be outdone by voices nor art; and we are juft as many as you. Either withdrawj/yvanquifhed', from the Medulkan.fpring, and the Hyanthian f Aganippe ; or we will retire from the Emathian W'oods, as far as the fnowy 315 Pteonians : Let the nymphs decide the difpute. It was indeed fcandalous to engage ; but it feemed more fcandalous to yield. The nymphs that were chofe to judge betwixt us, fwear by the rivers ; and fat upon feats made out of the natural rock. Then without cafitng lots, Ihe who offered to engage us, firft lings the wars of the Gods above ; and places the NO T E S. V. n Crying 0 Ot the winged kind. -n [Pella was a city of Afa- ieJenia ; and Paeonia a hilly country there, t Lucina was a title be- longing to Juno and Diana preliding over births ] r The mules were called Tbejpiades from Thefpia a city ot Beotia, facred to them, f Thiii was a tgring in Bosotia, lacred to the mufes.- BOOK V. Fab. V. 117 rthe giants in falfe honour ; and extenuates the ac- itions of the great Gods. She relates that Ty- 321 ' phoeus being fent out from the lower quarter of the f earth, caufed a fright among the heavenly Gods ; 1 and that they all gave their backs to flight, ’till the land of Egypt received them being tired, and the Nile divided into feven mouths. She fays too, 325 that the earth-born Typhoeus came hither too; and that the Gods above concealed themfelves under falfe fliapes. And Jupiter, faid flie, becomes the head of a flock of fheep, a ram : from whence the Libyan Ammon is now figured with crooked horns. The Delian God, Apollo, lay hid in a crow, the fon of Semele in a he-goat, the lifter of Apollo in a cat, the daughter of Saturn, rfuno, in a fnow-white cow, Venus in a fifli, the Cyllenian God, Mercury, under the wings of an 1 Ibis. Thus far (he had 332 joined her noify mouth to the harp. We Aonides, the Mufes, are called upon. But perhaps you have not leifure, nor have any empty time, to give ear to our fongs. Doubt not, fays Pallas, and relate 335 your fong in order to me : and then (he fat in the refrefliing (hade of the grove. The mufe tells her ftory thus. We afiigned the management of our difpute to one of our body. Calliope rifes up ; and having her long hair gathered up within a /prig of\\y, (he tries before-hand the (brill firings with her thumb, and fubjoins this fong to the beating of the firings. VI. Ceres firft turned up the clods with the crooked plough: (he firft gave corn and fweet food to the earth ; fhe firft gave laws. All things are the gift of Ceres. She is to be fung by me. I wifli only I could utter verfes worthy of theGoddefs! for certainly the Goddefs is worthy of verfe. The 346 vaft ifland Trinacris, Sicily, was thrown upon the giant’s limbs ; and keeps down Typhoeus, who had affur-nce NOTES. c An JEgypsun Stork, that devoured ferpents. n8 METAMORPH. affurance to hope for the celeflial habitation, put under prodigious mafli’s of earth. He endeavours indeed, and tries often to get up again : but his right hand is laid under the Italian Pelorum ; the left under thee, Pachynus; and his legs are prelFed down by the promontory c/'Lilybaeum. iEtna bears down his head ; under which Typhoeus lying on his back, throws out finds, and vomits flames by his cruel mouth. He oftentimes druggies hard to throw off the load of earth upon him, and to tumble down the towns and great mountains from 35" off his body. Thence the earth quakes ; and the king himfeif of the filent ghafts is afraid led it fhould open, and the ground be parted by a wide chafm, and the day being fo let in, fhould affright the trembling fhades. The king fearing this mif- fortune, had dallied out of his dark abode ; and mounting up in a chariot drawn by black hordes, he warily went round the foundations 362 of the “ Sicilian land-. After dufficient oblerva- tion had been made, that no places gave way, and his fear was laid ^Gde ; the * Erycinian Goddefs, Venus, fitting upon her mountain, dees him drolling about ; and embracing her winged don. Take, faid fhe, my don Cupid, my arms, * hands, and my r power, thofe weapons wdth which you conquer all ; and * fhoot thy fwift ar- rows into the bread of the God, to whom the a lad lot of the b triple kingdom fell. Thou fubdued the NOTES. “ [ Sicily is a large fruitful ifland in the Mediterranean lea, very fub- jeft to earthquakes. It is called alfb Sicama ; and Triquetra and Trinacria, from its triangular form. It has three great capes or pro- montories; viz. Pelorum now called Faro ; Pacbymu, now Pfaro; and Ijlyixum, now cape Coco * Venus was lb called from Eryx, a moun- tain in Sicily, where Ihe had a temple dedicated to her x Strength. y Greatnels. z Shoot with all your force. a Novijfima fortuna ; the lowed [meaned] fhare. b The kingdom of the world was divided into three fhares; lb as that heaven fell to Jupiter, the fca to Nep- tune, and hell (or as others fay, the earth) to Pluto.] B O O K V. Fat. VI. 119 tlie Gods above, and Jupiter himfelf: thou fub- dudt the baffled Deities of the fea, and him ■who rules the Deities of the fea. c Why does 371 hell efcape? why doft thou not extend the em- pire of thy mother, and thy own ? the third part of the world is now the ftake. d And yet we are defpifed in heaven : how great is our tamenefs 1 and the power of love is leffened with me. Doft thou not fee Pallas, and the darting 37^ Goddefs Diana have e got clear of me ? The daughter of Ceres too will be a maid, if we fuffer it; for Ihe affefts the fame hopes. But if I have any intereft with thee for the advancing our joint kingdom, join the Goddefs to her uncle. Thus Ve- nus fpoke. He opens his quiver ; and fingled out one of a thoufand arrows, at the choice of his mo- ther ; but than which there is not any more fharp, nor lefs uncertain, nor which -would more obey the bow : and fetting out one knee, he bent the flexible bow, and wounded Pluto in the heart with a bearded arrow. There is a deep lake not far 385 from the walls of f Henna, by name Fergus: Cay- fter does not hear more fongs of fwans in his run- ni g waters, than that. A wood crowns the wa- ters, furrounding every fide, and keeps out the rays of the Sun with its leaves, as with a veil. The boughs caufe a coolnefs there, and the moift ground produces flowers. There is a perpetual fpring in the place. In which grove whilft 8 Pro- 591 ferpine plays, and plucks either the violets, or the white lilies ; and whilft, with the fondnefs of a young girl, {he fills her bafkets and herbofom, and endeavours to excel her companions of the fame age in gathering flowers ; (he was aimoft all at once feen and beloved, and fnatched up by Pluto ; NOTES. c Vhy do the infernal {hades lye unexercifed by your power? d Others read thus in the Original : Et tamen in Coeh juoque taiita pctentia mftro Spernitur. And yet fo great divine power is defpifed in our heaven. * Gone off. * [A city of Sicily.'] e she was the daughter of Jupiter and Ceres. 120 METAMORPH. 396 fo haftened was his love. The Goddefs being af- frighted, with open mouth calls both upon her mo- ther, and her companions, but her mother oftner : and as fhe had torn her coat from the upper part, the flowers flie had gathered fell from her loofened veils ; and fo much fimplicity was therein her h childifh years, this lofs too raifed the virgin’s 402 grief The robber drives away his chariot, and > encourages his horfes, by calling each by his k name: along whofe necks and manes he (hakes the reins ‘ dyed with a dark rufty colour. And ruflies on through deep lakes, and the pools of the m Palici, fmelling of fulphur, boiling up out of the broken earth. And wherethe n Bacchiadas, a family that came from 0 Corinth, (ituated be- twixt two feas, built a city betwixt two unequal 409 harbours. There is a fea in the middle betwixt Cyane, and the >’ Pifaean Arethufa ; which ^ is al- moji confined within itfelf, being r inclofed with horns at a fmall diflance from each other. Here was Cyane, themoft celebrated amonglt the Sicili- an Nymphs ; from whole name too the pool was called : who llarted up out of the middle of the water, as far as the upper part of her belly, and knew the God ; and fays, Youlhallgo no further; you cannot be the fon-in-law of Ceres againft her will. She fhould have been defired of her mother; ii6 not feized by violence. But if it be allowed me to NOTES. 1 Innocent. ' Cheats. k [ The names of the horfes, according to Claudian, are Orfhncus, jSthon, A'yfteus, and sllaftor.] > Coloured deep with a dark fteel blue. m [The Palki were twin Ions of Jupiter, and Thalea, the daughter of Vulcan. Which Thalea the earth fwallowed up, and let out the children again, when their time came, into the world. Palici are alio fountains in in Sicily. 11 The Bacchi- adx were a people of Corinth, who upon their killing slBicon, were ba- nilhed, and fettled them (elves in Sicily, where they built the city Syrtt- oife, now SaragoJJa. 0 A famous city of slchaia, in the middle of the Pelopomcftan Jl,ihrmts, and w'afited by the Ionian and JEolian leas, r Pi- fa is a city of Pelopomefus, along by which runs the river yllpheus, pur- fuing Arethufa under ground into Sicily.] s Runs into a roundiih form. r Lock’d in by points. Promontories. B O O K. V. Fab. VII. I 21 to compare fmall things with great; f Anapis loved me too : yet I married ; ' courted, and not fright- ed into it, as this lady is. This fhe faid ; and firetching out her arms to different Cdes, fhe oppo- fed his pajfage. The u Son of Saturn no longer re- flrained his paflion ; and encouraging his terrible horfes, he lodged his royal fcepter, whirled with a mighty arm, in the bottom of the * water. The earth being thus (truck, made a way down into hell ; and received the defeending chariot in the middle of the opening. But Cyane lamenting that 425 the Goddefs was thus hurried away, and the privi- leges of her fpring flighted, bears about an incon- folable afflidtion in her filent mind ; and is all con- fumed in tears ; and is waited away into thofe wa- ters, of which fhe lately had been the great guardi- an Goddefs. You might have feen her members foften, her bones undergo bendings, and her nails 1 lay afide their hardnefs. And the fmalleft parts 431 of the whole of her firft r melt away ; her green hair and fingers, and legs, and feet; for z the paf- fage is but fhort for thoje fmall members into cold waters. After that, her fhoulders, and back, and fides, and bread vanifh and diffoive into fmall dreams. Finally, water enters her veins wow viti- ated, inltead of living blood ; and nothing remains that you could take in your hands. VII. In the mean time, the daughter was fought by her frighted mother in vain, in all lands, and in every a fea. Aurora coming with her ruddy hair, did not fee her loiter; nor did the evening-liar. She lights pine-torches with her two hands, at flaming Altna ; and giving herfelf no red, carried them through the cold darknefs. Again, as foon NOTES. aS [f A river in Sicily.] 1 Won by courtlhip. 11 Viz. Pluto. * Gulf. x Put off their ftiffnefs. r Become fluid. 2 The change of her thin- ner parts into cold waters, is quick. VII. 1 Dep. JL 122 M E T A M O R P H. as the bright day had dulled the light cf the liars, fire fought her daughter till the fetting of the Sun, 446 from the riling of the sun. Being weary with her labour, (he had contrafted a thirl! ; and no fprings had rinfed her mouth. By chance (lie faw a cottage covered with draw, and knocked at the little door. Upon which comes out thence an old woman, and fees the Goddefs, and gave her, alking for water, a fweet drink, which (he had brewed before of b par- 451 ched barley. YVhilft Ihe drinks what was given her, a boy of a hardened front, and impudent, flood before the Goddefs, and laughed ; and called her a greedy hujjy. She was offended ; and having not yet drank a half-^tt of it, the Goddefs befpat- tered him, as he was talking, with the barley mixt 455 with the liquor. His face fucked in the drops; and the arms which he before had, he now has for legs: a tail was added to his changed limbs ; and he is contracted into a c fmall form, that may not have any great power of doing mifehief: and his 459 4 meafure is lefs than a fmall lizard. He flies from the old woman wondering and weeping, and en- deavouring to touch him ; and feeks a hiding place ; and has a e name fuited to his colour, having his body all fpeckled with divers fpots. VIII. It is a tedious bufinefs to tell thro’ what lands, and what feas the Goddefs wandered. The world was too little for her in this fearch. She re- turns to Sicily ; and whillt (he views all places in going along ; flie came too to Cyane. She, had (he not been metamorphofed, would have told all: but both mouth and tongue were wanting to her dclirous to tell the matter; nor had Ihe any thing to talk with. Yet fhe gave manifeli figns; and (hewed NOTES. t Malt. c Narrow compafs. 4 Size is lefler than that of a fmall lizard. * It is called in Latin Stellio from Stella, a liar, becaule the back of it is Ipotted, and as it were befet with liars, In EngUJh it is called an Evet; which is a creature like a Lizard, BOOK V. Fab. VIII. 123 ! fliewed upon the top of the water f Perfephone’s girdle, well known to the mother ; which by chance i had dropped from her in that place, in the facred 1 water. Which as foon as (he knew, as if /he had 471 but then at laft known that /he had been kidnapped, ; the Coddefs tore her unadorned hair, and ftruck 1 her bread over and over with her palms. She knows not yet where /he is; yet /he rails at all countries, and calls them ungrateful, and unworthy the pre- i fent of corn Jhe had made them; Trinacria above the reft, in which {he found the tokens of her lofs. Wherefore there (he broke with her cruel hand the 47,7 ploughs that turned up the clods ; and in her paf- fion gave up to the like death the hufbandmen, the tillers of the ground, and their oxen ; and ordered the grounds to deny a return of what was depofited in them; and made the feed-corn corrupt. The 481 fertility of 8 the earth, fpread through the whole world, lies ruined ; the corn dies in the h firft put- ting out, and one while too much Sun, and another too much rain fpoils it; and the (tarsand the winds damage it: and the greedy birds pick up the feed that is fown. Poppies and thiftles, and unconquer- able ‘ weeds k plague the wheat-crops. 1 1 hen the 487 m Alpheian Nymph raifed her head out of the n Ele- an v/aters, and drew back her dropping hair from her forehead to her ears; and fays, O thou mother of the virgin fought all the world over, and of corn, give over your immenfe toils, and be not fo violent- ly angry with a land fo faithful to thee. The land 492 has deferved nothing of it; and opened again/1 its will, to the carrying off your daughter. Nor am I a fuppliant for my native country : I came a flran- ger hither. Pifa is my country; and I derive my 0 birth from Elis. I inhabit Sicily as a foreigner : but this land is more agreeable to me, than all other ^ 2 foils NOTES. \ III. f That is Prolerpma, called Per/iphone by the Greeks.3 8 Of that country, viz. Sicily. h Blade. 1 Knot-grafs. * Break the heart.' ot. 1 At which time. m [Viz. Arethula. a Elis, a city and country of Pcbponnefus.] ® Spring. 124 METAMORPH. foils. I Arethufa have now this for my dwelling, - this habitation ; which do thou, moft gentle God- • defs, preferve. Why I am removed from the place of my birth, and am come to Ortygia through the waters of fo great a fea, a feafonable time will come lor my telling jam, when you (hall be eafcd of your concern, and (hall be a lady of a i’better look. The a pervious earth gives me a palfage; and moving within the low caverns thereof, I here lift up my head, and fee the ftars I have not for fame time been tifed to. Wherefore, whilll I run along the Stygi- an water under the earth, thy Proferpine was there 505 feen by thefe eyes of mine. She indeed is fad, and not yet without fear in her looks : but yet (be is a queen, but je/ the greated: lady of the duflty world, but yet the pov/erful wife of the infernal king. The mother, upon hearing thefe words, r was as (lupid as if jhe had been made of (lone, and was a long time like one aftonifhed ; and after her grie- vous didradlion was removed by a grievous borrow, ; Ihe mounts in her chariot up to the tetherial air. There cloudy all her countenance over, (lie Rood before Jupiter 1 invidioufly with her hair difhcvel- led; and fays, I am come a fuppliant to you, Ju- piter, for my blood, and for yours. If the inte- reft of the mother be none •with you, let my daugh- ter move her father ; and let not, we befeech you, your regard for her be the lefs, becaufe (he was 518 brought forth by my labour. Lo ! my daughter, fo long fought for, has been found by me at length ; if you call lofing her more certainly, finding her; or, if you call knowing where (be is, finding her. 520 We will bear with it, that (he has been forcibly car- ried away, provided he do but redore her ; for your daughter is not deferving of a kidnapper lor a huf- band, if my daughter be deferving/Aereo/i Jupiter replied, your daughter is a pledge e/"/ape, and a burden NOTES. p More chearful. s Pa (Table. r Stood fenCeleTs. c Deep trance. ' Thus aggravating the thing. BOOK V. ‘Fab. VIH'. 12 J ^ burden common to me with you : but if you p!ea(e only to give right names to things, this fadt is not an injury; but it is love. Nor will that fon-in-law be a lhame to us, be but you, Goddefs, willing to the matter. Suppofe that other things were want- 527 ing, how great a thing is it to be the brother of Jupi- ter ! * \\ hat, /halt I fay, that other things are not wanting ; nor does he yield to me, but in * fortune. But if you have fuch a mighty defire of their fepa* ration, Proferpine (hall return to heaven; but yet upon a certain condition ; if (he has there touched no meat with her mouth : for thus it is provided by a law of the Deftinies. Thus he fpoke. But J33’ Ceres is noiu refolved to fetch away her daughter. Yet the Fates do not fuffer her fo to do, becaufe the young lady had broke her faft ; and whilft (he- walks about innocently in a fine garden, Ihe had pulled a red apple from a bending tree, and hack chewed in her mouth feven grains taken out of the pale 1 choak : and'2 Afcalaphus alone of all people faw that : whom Orphne, not the moll obfeure a- mongtl the a Avernal Nymphs, is faid formerly to • have brought forth in a dulky cave, begot by her lover Acheron. He faw it, and cruelly prevented her return by a difeovery. The queen of Hell groaned, and made the witnefs an unclean bird ; and turned his head fprinkled with the water of b Phlegethon into a bill, and feathers, and great eyes. He being thus c taken, from himfelf, is clad 546 in brown feathers, and grows much in the head ; and has long claws turned inward : and hardly does he move the wings that grew upon his fluggilii arms : and he becomes a d filthy bird, the forebod-- er of approaching lorrow, e the lazy owl,, a dread- ful omen to mortals. . L 3 IX. But- NOTES. “Charge. * What can be laid now, teeing even other qnaiifications are nuf wanting? x The call of the lot. r Hulk. 2 [He was the fun of Acheron and Orphne. ^Averms, a lake in Campania, dedicated < C» Pluto, and taken for hell. b A flaming river of hell.] c Stript of' hi* natural lhape, d Unlucky, e Even a dull, heavy owl. I z&- METAMORPH. IX. But he mayfeemtohavedefervedpunKhment by his information, and babbling tongue. Whence have you, O ye f daughters of Achelous, feathers, and the feet of birds, feeing you have the faces of virgins ? Whether becaufe, when Proferpine was gathering fpring-flowers, you Sirenes were mixed with the number of her attendants ? Whom after you fought for in vain, all the world over, imme- diately, that the waters might perceive your con- cern for her, you wifhed to be able to 6 reft upon the fupport of wings over the waves ; and you found the Gods compliant, and faw your limbs 561 grow yellow with fudden feathers. However, that your finging faculty you had 11 for foothing the ears, and fo fine a quality of your mouth fhould not lofe the ufe of a tongue, virgins faces, and the human voice Jlill remained with you. X. But Jupiter being ‘ equally divided betwixt his brother, and his mournful After, (hares the rol- ling year alike betwixt them. Now the Goddefs is a Deity common to both kingdoms : and is fo ma- ny months with her mother, and juft as many with her hufband. Immediately the k appearance both of her mind and face is changed : for the forehead of the Goddefs, which lately might appear fad to Pluto himfelf is joyful; as the Sun who before was covered with watery clouds, goes out of the con- quered clouds. ^2 XII. The eldeft of us had finiftied her1 fong above- mentioned : when the Nymphs with one voice faid, that NOTES. f [AchtloiJes, called Sirenes, (mermaids) were the daughters of Aclie- lous, (a river of Cdlydonia, and the (bn of Oceanus and (ethys) and the mu(e Calliope, (ome (ay, Melpomene, or Terpfichore.] 8 Travel. ^ Made for ravifh:ng the ears. * Arbiter between. * Both the (late of her mind, and look of her face. XII. 1 Others have in the original, dolloS' (learned) inftcad o£ £flas. BOOK V. Fab. XU. nj that ths m GoddefFes, who inhabited Helicon, had got the vidory. When the baffled lifters made a brawling upon it ; becaufe, faid ftie, it is but a fmall matter with you to have deferved punifhment by your conteft -with us, and add opprobrious lan- guage to your offence ; and patience is not left free to us: we (hall proceed to puniftiment, and follow the way our refentment calls us. The E- 670 mat bides laugh, and defpife the threatning words; and endeavouring to fpeak, and to lift at us their faucy hands with great clamour, they beheld fea- thers grow out of their nails, and their arms to be covered with feathers. And they fee one another’s mouths grow up in a hard bill, and new birds ad- 675,. ded to the woods. And whilft they defire to finite their breafts, being lift up by the moving of their arms, they hang in the air, the reproach of the groves, NOTES. nl [ That is, the Mu/es; who w ere the daughters of Jupiter and Mnemofyne, and nine in number. Befides feveral other names com- mon to them all, each of them had a proper name derived from tome particular accomplifhment of their minds or bodies. The firft was called Calliope, from the Gooclnefs of her Voice. She prtfides over Rhetorick ; and is efteemed the molt excellent of all the Nine. The fecond, Clio, is lb named from Glory: For Ihe is the Hijlorical Mule. The third, Erato, has her name from Lozc; becaule Ihe lings of Amours: Or, beeaule learned Men are belov'd and prailed by others : She is alfo called Saltatrix; becaufe (he firft found out the Art of Dancing and Poetry. The fourth, Thalia, from her Gaiety, Brijk- nefs, and Pleafantry, becaule Ihe fings pleafantly and wantonly. Some alcribe to her the invention of Comedy ; others, of Geometry. The fifth, Melpomene, from the Excellency of her Song, and the Melody Jhe makes -when Jhe fings : She is fuppofed to prefide over Tragedy, and to have invented Sonnets. The fixth, Terpfichore, from the pleafurejhc takes in dancing, becaule (he delights in balls : lome call her Citharillria. The feventh, Euterpe, or Euterpia, from the f-weetnejs of her ftnging: fome call her Tibicina; and fav (he invented the Mathematuks, and playing upon the Pipe. The eighth, Polyhimnia, Polymnia, or Po- lymneia, from her excellent memory : And therefore the invention of writing hiftory is attributed to her; which requires a good memory. The ninth, Urania, from her fmging of divine flings, and inventing SlfirtAogy. Bachufius, a modern poet, has comprifed the nine Mules, in two Lines. Calliope, Pohmneia, Erato, Clio, atgue Thalia, Melpomene, Euterpe, Terpfichore, Urania.] 128 META MORPH. groves, being now magpies. Now too their for- mer babbling faculty continued in them, after they •were become birds ; and a hoarfc prattling, and a prodigious love of talking. BOOK VI.- 412 IX. r i'"' H E neighbouring grandees meet toge- f ther; and the cities that were near, JL entreated their kings to go to the con- fblation of 1 Pelops, i. e. b Argos, and b Sparte, and the Pelopeian fa Mycene, and c Calydon not yet odi- ous to the (lern Diana, and fierce d Orchomenos, a nd Corinth famous for its brafs, and fruitful e Meffene, and f Patras, and low £ Cleone, and the Neleian h Pylos, and ‘ Troezen not yet belonging to Pittheus, and other cities which are (hut within Peloponnefus by the k Ilihmus betwixt two Teas, and thofe that being fituated without, are feen from the Ifthmus betwixt two feas. Who could think .421 it ? you alone ! Athens, forbore to appear. A war prevented performance of that civility ; and bar- barous troops brought hither by fea, alarmed the 424 m Mopfopian walls. The Thracian ” Tereus had routed thefe by his auxiliary arm.s, and had now got a famous name by conquering. Whom, as be- ing ftrong in riches and men, and, as it happened, deriving NOTES. IX. * [He was the ion of Tantalus king of Phrygia; and gav.e name to Peloponnefiis. He was now mourning, becaule his filter Ni- obe (wife to Amphion king of Thebes) and all her children were dead. 6 Thefe are cities of Pelopomefui. And Mycene is called Pelopeian, becaule Pelops, or his polterity had enlarged that city. c A city ot~ JEtolia. <1 A city of Arcadia ; another of the lame name in Beotia. c A city of Pdopomefus. ( A city of Achaia. s A little town of Ar- gdis, which is a country of Pehponnefus. b A city of Mefenia, lubjeft to Neltor the Ion of Neleus. 1 A city of Peloponnefus, where Pittheus, the grandfather of Theftus, reigned. k Ifthmus is a neck of land be- tween two leas. 1 A famous city in Greece. 111 That is Athenian,-- called Mtpjbpian from Mopfopus one of their kings, “ He was the laa of Mars, and king of Thracia.J B O O K VI. Fab. IX. 129 deriving his original from the great 0 Mars, * Pan- dion united to himfelf by the marriage of his daughter Procne. Juno, the prehdent of marriage, does not appear at the wedding : Hymenaeus does not attend, nor any s Grace at that marriage-bed. The Furies held torches on the occafton, fnatched 430 from a funeral. The Furies made the bed ; and the r profane owl f fat tipon the houfe-top, and up- on the fummit of the bed-chamber. With this omi- nous bird attending, were Procne and Tereus joined together : with this evil bird, or omen, were they made parents. ' Thrace indeed congratulated them ; 434 and they themfelves gave thanks to the Gods ; and ordered the day, upon which the daughter of Pan- dion was given to the famous prince, and that up- on which Itys was born, to be called Feftival: fo much is their true intereft concealed from men. Is’ow Titan, the Sun, had ‘drawn the time of the repeated year through five autumns ; when Procne fawning upon her 'hulband, faid, If I have any fa- vour with you, either fend me to fee my filler, or let my lifter come hither. You (hall promife your father-in-law, that (he ftiall return in a (hort time. u Yoa will aft like a great God to me, if you let me fee my filter. He orders fhips to be drawn down 444 into the fea; and with fails and oars enters the * Cecropian harbour j and lands upon the x Pyrse- an ftiore. As foon as an opportunity was given him offpeaking to his father-in-law, and right hand was joined with right, their communication begins with an unlucky omen. He had begun to relate 449 the occafion of his coming, and the orders of his wife. NOTES. ® He was the ton of Juno without the help of Jupiter, and the God of war; called Gradivus, from marching, or from brandidling a fpear. P He was king of /ttbent. s The Graces (called alfo Charites) were the conftant attendants of Venus, and three in number, viz. Aglaia, Thalia, and Euphrolyne. r Unlucky. 1 Sate brooding on the root. 1 [A large country of Europe, eaftward from Macedonia ] u I will look upon you as a God, if you will procure me an interview with my filler. * [That is, Athenian, called Cecropim from Cecrops, one of their kings. x That is, Athenian, called Pyrtean from Pireum, a fa - mous haven of Athens.'] 130 M E T A M 0 R P H. wife, and to promife a fpeedy return for the lady, if fent. Lo ! Philomela comes, richly adorned in noble apparel; but richer in her beauty : fuch as we ufe to hear the Naiades and Dryades walk in, in the middle of woods ; if you fhould but 455 g've them the like drefs and ornaments. Tereus was inflamed, upon feeing the young lady, no o- therwife, than if any one fliould put fire under the ears of corn "when grey, or fhould burn leaves, or hay laid up in flacks. Her face indeed is worthy of his pafioH. But both his inbred luft pufhes him on ; and the people of thofe parts, /. e. Thrace, are very inclinable to venery. He burns by the 461 frailty of his nation, and his own together. He has a ftrpng inclination to r corrupt the care of her attendants, and the honefly of her nurfe : and likewife 1 to follicit herfelf by huge prefents, and to fpend his whole kingdom upon her: or violent- ly to feize, and to fecure her, when feized, by a 465 cruel war. And there is nothing which, being feized by an unbridled paflion, he would not ven- ture upon for her; nor does bis breafl contain the enclofed flames. And now he ill bears with any delays ; and a returns with a forward mouth to the meftages of Procne ; and b afts his own wiflies under them. Love made him eloquent: and as oft as he follicited beyond what was fit, he preten- 471 ded Procne had defired fo. He added tears too, as if fhe had ordered them likewife. O ye Gods above, c how much of dark night have mortal breads within them! Tereus, by the very attemp- ting of his villany, is thought to be affedfionate ; 47J and receives praife from his crime. A What /hall I fay, that Philomela defires the fame ? and fawn- ingly holding her father’s fhoulders with her arms, ihe begs by her own fafety, and againfl it too, that (lie NOTES. y Debauch the integrity. z Tempt. a Importunately urges Procne’s (uit. b Manages his own intrigue under that difguile. 1 Into how great darknefs [ignorance] are the minds of men involved. d Quid, quod. Nay. But befides that. BOOK VI. Fab. IX. 131 ilie may go to fee her 'Gfter. Tereus views her ; and in viewing her, handles her in bis lewd imagi- nation, before the time comes for his doing it in re- ality : and feeing her 1 kilfes, and her arms call a- bout her father’s neck, he receives all thefe things as incentives, and fewel, and the food of his fu- rious paffion ; and as oft as (he embraces her fa- ther, he could wilh to have been her father: for indeed he would not have been lefs wicked. The father is overcome by the prayers of both his daughters. She rejoices and gives her father thanks ; and, unhappy creature, thinks that had fucceeded well for them both, which will be tragi- cal to both, tsow but little work was left for 486 Phoebus; and his horfes beat that part of heaven that defeends with their feet: royal cheer is fet upon the table, and wine ferved up in f gold plate. After this, their bodies are given up to gentle deep. But the g Odryfian, /. e. Thracian king, altho’ he 490 was withdrawn, is all in confufion about her: and reprefenting to himfelf her fhape, and motion, and hands, imagines what he has not yet feen, to be what he wilhes it; and he feeds his own fires, his pallion preventing deep. It was now day-light; and Pandion grafping the right hand ofhisfon-in- 1 law jull a-going, recommends to his care his com- ; panion, with tears burlting out. I commit this girl to thee, my dear fon-in-law, becaufe an affec- I; tionate occafion has obliged me to it, [and they ! both defired it, and thou too, Tereus, defiredft /V] 3 and I earnellly entreat thee by thy honour, by h that bread of thine allied to us, and by the Gods above, protefl her by a fatherly love ; and fend i back as foon as may he, that fweet comfort of my , anxious old age, (all delay will appear long to me) and do thou, Philomela, if thou had any duty for me, return as foon as may be, (it is enough that v thy filter is a great way off.) Thus he gave order ; 504 and NOTES. * Pretty mouth. f Golden bowls, s [He was lb called from Odry- ■fe, a people of Thrace by the river Helm.'] h Our alliance. METAMORPH. *32 and at the fame time gave kiffes to his daughter ; and foft tears fell amidft his inftruftions to her. And he demanded the right hands of both, as a pledge of their faith ; and joined them, iuhen given him, betwixt themfelves : and bids them with mindful mouths falute ‘ for him, his daughter and 509 grand-fon. And with much ado, he uttered the laft farewel with a mouth full of fobs: and dread- ed the prefages of his own mind. But as foon as Philomela was put aboard the painted fhip, and k the fea was applied to the oars, and 1 the land re- pulfed as it were; he cries out, I have gained my point : my wifh, /. e. what 1 wijhed for, goes a- 515 long with me. And the Barbarian rejoices excef- fively ; and with difficulty defers his joy; and turns his eyes no where from her. No otherways than when the ravenous “ bird of Jupiter has with his crooked talons laid a hare in his high neft: there is no efcaping for the captive; the ravager 519 looks upon his prey. And now the voyage was at an end, and they were got out of the wearied fhips upon their own ffiore ; when the king drags the daughter of Pandion into a 11 {lately houfe con- cealed in an old wood : and there ffiuts her up pale and trembling, and fearing all things, and now afldng with tears where her filler was: and confef- fing his villainous intention, by force mailers her both a virgin, and but one; whilft ffie often called upon her father in vain, and oftentimes her lifter, 527 hut the great Gods above all. She trembles like a frighted lamb, which being wounded, and 0 daffied out of the mouth of a hoary wolf, does not yet feem to herfelf fecure : and as a pigeon, whilft its feathers are wet with its own blood, quivers Hill, and fears the greedy talons in which ffie had ftuck. J31 By and by after her fenfe returned, tearing her di- Ihevelled hair, [like one mourning, and beating her NOTES. i in his name. k The oars are put to lea. 1 The land [in appear- ance, and leemingly] removes from them, ® That is, the eagle. a High lodge. 0 Snatched, her arms with lamentation] and llretching out her hands, (he fays ; Obarbarous wretch, for thy dread- ful adtions ; O cruel monfter, could neither the charge of my father, with his affedtionate tears, move thee ; nor a regard for my filler, nor my vir- ginity, nor the ^ laws of marriage ? Thou hall con- founded all. I am become a rival to my filler ; thou a hulband to us both [this punilhment is not due to me.] Why doll thou not take away this life ; of mine ? (that no villany may remain unexecuted • by thee, perfidious wretch) and I wilh thou hadlt done fo, before thy « wicked lying with me : I (hould have had my (hade r void of all crime. Yet if the Gods above fee thefe things, if the majelly of the Gods be any thing, if all things are not . gone to ruin with myfelf, fome time or other, c thou (halt make me fatisfadlion. I myfelf, calling off 544 all lhame, will declare thy adtions. 1 If opportu- | nity be given me, I will come abroad amonglt the people: if I am kept Ihut up in the woods, I will : fill the woods, and move the confcious rocks. Let f heaven hear thefe things, and if there be any God i in it, let him hear. After the palfion of the cruel 549 : tyrant was rouzed with thefe words, and his fear was no lefs than that ; pulhed on by both caufes, he draws the fword with which he was girt out of the Iheath, and feizing her by the hair, and turn- ing her arms behind her back, he obliges her to admit chains upon them. Philomela prepared her throat for the fword, and had conceived hopes of death upon feeing the fword. He cut away with 555 i his cruel fword, her tongue feized with pincers, ' whillt (he was raving with indignation, and con- 1 llantly calling upoh her father, and llruggling to 1 fpeak. The laft/w/, root of her tongue, moves • quick ; hwt the tongue Wes, and mutters, trem- bling upon the black earth : and as the tail of a t mutilated fnake ufes to Ikip about, it beats; and NOTES. P Ties. 0 Curfed embraces. r Free of guilt. f I (hall be avenged cn you. * If ever I have liberty. 134 M E T A M O R P H. dying, feeks the feet of its miftrefs. Nay, after this wicked aft too, (tho' I (hould fcarce dare to believe it) he is faid to have often had recourfe in the way c/'luft, to her mangled body. He has the u hardinefs to return to Procne after thofe fafts; who, when Ihe faw her hulband, enquired after her lifter: but he fetches feigned groans, and tells a ,j66 ftory of her death, which he had invented. And his tears procured him credit. Procne ftrips from off her fhoulders, her robes (hining with plenty of gold, and is clad in black cloaths ; and erefts an empty fepulchre, and * brings her offerings to her fiftitious (hade ; and mourns the death of a filter, 571 that was not fo to be mourned for. The God A- pollo had run through the twice fix figns of the Zo- diack in a complete year. What could Philourela do ? A guard prevents her flight; the walls of the houfe x are hard, being built of foiid Hone : her dumb mouth wants a difeoverer of the faft. But there is in forrow a great deal of fenfe, and acute- 576 nefs comes upon men in mifery. She flily fixes up warp in a web of the Barbarian fafhion ; and inter- wove red marks in white threads, to make a difeo- very of Tereus'% villany ; and delivered the work, when finifhed to one, and by her gefture begs of her, that fhe w'ould carry it to her lady. She car- ried it, as defired, to Procne ; nor does flie know 5S2 what fhe delivered in it. The wife of the favage tyrant unfolds the web, and reads the > miferable dittayof her filler; and (’tis ftrange flic could be fo !) is filent. Her forrow ftopt her mouth ; and words outragious enough were wanting to her 585 tongue feeking for them. Nor is Ihe at leifure to tveep ; but ruflies forward, in order to confound right and wrong ; and is wholly taken up in the contrivance of revenge. It was the time when the 4 Sithouian, /. e. Thracian wives ufe to celebrate the NO T E S. * Impudence. * Offers faerifices to the imaginary ghoft. To her (vie. j’hilomda) as if Ihe had been really dead, * Stand firm. i Doleful flory. » [SiI km is a part of Thrace.* B O O K VI. Fab. IX. 135' the facred triennial folemnity of Bacchus : night i is confcious to their holy rites. In the night wo/wf I Rhodope rings with the tinklings of fhrill brafs. In the night the queen went out of her houfe, and is accoutred according to the rites of Bacchus ; and receives frantick arms. Her head is covered 593 with a fprig of vine ; and a deer’s Ikin hangs down her left fide : a fmooth pike reds upon her (boul- der. the terrible Procne rufhing through the J94 woods, with a company ofher ladies attending her, and hurried by the fury of her refentment, (lie pre- tends it to be that of thine, i. e. which thou infpi- reft, O Bacchus. She comes at length to the lone- ly houfe, and howls amain, and cries b Evoe ; and breaks open the gates, and feizes her fiber, and puts upon her being feized, the peculiar badges of Bacchus, and conceals her countenance under fprigs of ivy; and dragging her along abonibied, leads her into her houfe. As foon as Philomela perceiv- ed (he had got into the wicked rogue’s houfe, the poor creature was affrighted, and was pale all her face over. Procne having now got a proper place for it, takes away c the tokens of religion from her ; and uncovers the bluffiing face of her poor fiber ; and falls to embracing her. But (he cannot endure 60 f, to lift up her eyes upon her, feeming to herfelf her fiber’s rival; and her look being fixt upon the ground, her hand was inbead of voice to her defir- ous to fwear, and call the Gods to witnefs that that fliame had been put upon her by violence. Procne is in a flame, and contains not her anger; 609 and reprehending her fiber’s weeping, We mub not aft, faid (lie, in this cafe, with tears, but the fword ; but with any thing, if you have any thing, that can outdo the fword. I have, fiber, d prepared my- felf for all manner of wickednefs. I will either, 614 after I have fet fire to the royal palace with torch- es* throw the e villain Tereus into the middle of M 2 the NO T E S. \ b [Evoe is the lame with Evohe; B. 4. v. yio. c The badges ufecl at the feaft of Bacchus. d I am refblved to (lick at nothing. 5 Te- - reus the contriver.and aflor of the monftrous v ill any. 136 METAMORPH. the flames; or I will cut away with the fword his tongue, or his eyes, or the members which took your honour from you ; or I will drive his guilty foul out of his body by a thoufand wounds. It is great, whatfoever I am about; but what it is, I 619 am in doubt as yet. Whilft Procne f utters thefe words, Itys came to his mother. What (he could do, (he was now put in mind by him : and behold- ing him with fierce eyes, Ah ! faid (he, how like art thou to thy father ! So (he faid ; -and fpeaking no more, die refolves upon a horrid fad ; and 624 burns with filent rage. Yet when her (bn came to her, and gave his mother a falutation, and drew her neck to him with his little arms, and added kifles mixtwith childiih fawnings; the mother was really (hocked, and her g anger flood broke: and her eyes, in fpite of her, were wet with tears forced from her. But as foon as (he perceived the ‘'mo- ther in her (brink through an exceflive natural ten- dernefs for her fon, (he turned from him again to the face of her filter ; and looking at them both by turns, (he fays, Why does the one employ up- on me endearing language, whilft the other is filent with her tongue cut out ? Why does not (lie call her filter, whom he calls mother ? Confider to what a hulband thou art married, O thou daughter 1635 ofPandion. Thou degenerateft : Duty to fuch a. hulband, as Tereus, is ‘ wickednefs. And without delay Ihe dragged Itys along, like as a k Gangetick tyger does the fucking fawn of a Doe, through the fhady woods. And after they were got into a re- tired part of the lofty houfe, Procne ftrikes with the fword poor Itys, holding up his hands, and now feeing his fate, and now calling her mother, and catching at her neck where his bread joins 642 upon his fide. ISordoes turn away her face. Even one wound was enough for him for his difpatch. Philomela NOTES. f Is venting her furious paflion at this rate. E Rage was lomewhat abated. h Motherly atTeftion. * Would be a crime. ‘‘[That is, In- dian ; called Gangetick from Ganges a river of India.1 BOOK. VI. Fab. K3. 137/ Philomela cuts his throat with the fword : and they both tear in pieces his members yet alive, and re* taining fomething of life. Then part of them 1 bounces about in hollow kettles ; part m hifTes upon fpits : the parlour runs down with gore. The 647 wife " fets the ignorant Tereus at this table: and fahly pretending to offer a facrifice of her country- fafhion, which it would be lawful for but one man" to come at, fhe ordered away his attendants and fervants. Tereus fitting aloft upon a throne of his forefathers, eats, and throws his own bowels into- his belly : and fuch is the ignorance of his mind, Call Itys hither, faid he. Procne cannot diflem- 653 ble her cruel joy ; and being now defirous to be the difcoverer of her murdering him ; You have- within, what you call for, fays fhe. He looks a- bout, and feeks where he fhould be. Upon his feeking and calling again, Philomela leapt out, as flie was, with her hair all befmeared with the furious murder ; and threw the bloody head of Itys in his father’s face : nor did (he wifh at any time more to be able-to fpcak, and teftify her joy by fuch words as he deferved. The Thracian pufhes away the table 661 ' with a huge cry; and 0 calls the viperean fiflers from the Stygian valley : and one while defires, if he could by opening his bread, to throw up the direful repafl from thence, and the half-eaten bowels : another while he weeps, and calls himfelf the wretched tomb of his own fon : and now he follows the daughters of Pandion with his drawn fword. You would have thought that the bodies of the Cecro- pides, i. e. Athenian- ladies, hung upon^ wings: ■ they did indeed hang upon wings : one of which > makes for the woods ; the other t the houfes. Ts’or^db*^ as yet have the marks of the murder s withdrawn, from her bread ; and her feathers are dained with > M 3 blood 1 N 0 T E S', - t Bubbles, i. e. boils.’ m Whizz. ” Invites Tereus knowing nothing ' of the matter to this feaft. 0 He rouzes the fnaky fillers, (:. e. the infernal furies) out of hell. P Plies about the roofs of houfeo ■ a Worn oC- M E T A M O R P H. blood. He made fwift by his refentment, and the defire of revenge, is turned into a bird, upon tvhofe head (land crefts : an r immoderate bill (licks out for a long fpear. The name of the bird is the Lapwing : its face appears armed. This afflidlion difpatched Pandion to the Tartarean (hades before his day was come in the courfe of nature, and the i late times of a long old age. X. Erechtheus takes the command of the , place, and the government of affairs : ’tis doubt- ful, whether he was more powerful by his jufiice, or mighty arms. He had indeed begot four (ons, and as many of the female fex : but the beamy of “ two of them was alike. Of which Cephalus, the grandfon of .Eolus, was happy in thee for his wife, O Procris. Tereus and the Thracians pre- judiced * Boreas’s fuit ; and the God a long time wanted his beloved Orithyia, whild he entreats, and *8y chufes rather to ufe prayers than force. But when nothing was done with foft words; x looking ter- rible with anger, which is ufual, and but too na- tural with that wind ; he faid, And defervedly am I thus treated-, for why did I quit my weapons, fiercenefs, and llrength and paflion, and a > threa- tening fpirit; and made ufe of prayers, the ufe of which doth not become me ? Violence is fuitable to me : by violence I drive away thedifmal clouds; by violence I (hake the feas, and overturn the knotty oaks, and harden the fnows, and * beat the earth with hail. I the fame, when I have got my brothers in the open air, (for that is my field) I druggie againll them with fuch an effortb, that the fky betwixt us roars again with our c engagements, and fire flafhes, breaking from the hollow clouds, fly NOTES. * Large. f Outmoft. [ fartheft] Date. [' Viz. Athens.'] u Viz. Pre~ eris and Orithfia. * Boreas (the North-wind) was the fon of Stry- tnon, a river parting Macedonia from Thrace. x Storming with, fury, r My bluftering temper. z Lowjing. a Batter. b Impe- tuolity, ‘Bickerings. S^uabblings. BOOK VI. Fab. X. 139 fly abroad. I the fame, when I have got under the 697 hollow holes of the earth, and have fiercely put my back under the Tow caverns thereof ; I d dif- turb the ghofts, and the whole globe with earth- quakes. By this means I ought to have fought 700 this bed-chamber, e. match; and Erechtheus Ihould not have been entreated to become my father- in-law, but made fuch by force. After Boreas had faid thefe things, or things not inferior tothefe, he (hook his wings ; by the tolfing of which all the earth was e blown upon, and the wide fea f qua- vered. And drawing his dully coat over the tops 705 of high mountains, he brulhes the ground ; and the lover being covered with darknefs, grafps within his brown wings, his Orithyia alarmed with fear. Whillt he flies, his fire, by being fwiftly moved, burnt more furioufly. Nor did the ravifher Hop 709 the reins of his airy courfe, ’till he reached the nations and cities of the E Ciconians. There too the h Aiflaean wife of the cold king, was made a mo- ther, bringing forth a double birth, whohadother part of the mother, but the wings of their father. Yet they fay, thefe were not born with their bodies. And whiill ' their long beard, with yellow hair was away, the boys k Calais and Zethes, were without feathers. But quickly at once wings began to en- clofe both their fides, after the manner of birds ; and at once their cheeks to grow yellow with down. Wherefore, when the boyifh timeofyouth 719. was over, they went with the 1 Minyae in the firft fhip that ever was, through the fea that had m not been dillurbcd before to fetch the n fleece glittering ,with bright gold. BOOK NOTES. a Frighten. * Mailed. ! Roared * [ A people of Thracia, nea’’ the Hcbrus a river there. h That is, Orithj'ia the Athenian, call’d Afttean, from Ada or Ade, the country about Athens.'] ‘ That is, Co long as they h id yellow locks, but no beards. k [ Thelc were the tons of Boreas and Orithyia. 1 The Minyt were a people of Thejjih who were called Argonauts, from the fhip Argo, Co called from one Argos, who built her.] m Never oefore failed upon. 11 [Phryxus the Ion of Athamafj. BOOK VII. I. AND now the Minyas cut the main in the /\ a Pagafasan (hip ; and b Phineus, pro- l V longing a t' needy old age under perpetual * night, was vifited by them in their voyage: and the young men, the e Tons of the north wind, had driven the f virgin-faced birds from the mouth of the miferable old fellow j and having fuffer- ed many hardfbips under the famous sJafon, at length had reached the rapid waters of the muddy 7 Phafis. And whiKt they go to the king, and de- mand the h fleece of Phryxus ; and * a law is given them, dreadful for the number of great adventures prefcribed therein ; in the mean while the k daugh- ter of Aietes catches a mighty flame : and ftrug- gling a long time uiith it, after (he could not con- quer her madnefs by reafon, (he fays, Medea, then refiftelt in vain: I know not what God oppofes 12 thee. And ’tis llrange if it be not this, or certain*- ly fomething like this, which is called love. For why do the orders of my father feem too hard. They are indeed too hard. Why am I afraid lelt hej notes. Athamas, king of flying with his fifter Hdk, from their ftep>- mother, and riding upon the ram that had the golden fleece, fought to ep over the Straits (now Dardanelles} but Hri/e was drown’d, and that tea was called the Hellejpont from her name: but Phryxus came fafe to Colchis, a country of Jfta, near Pdntns, and facrificed the ram to Mars, and hung up the fleece in a temple, where it continued, till Ja- fon fetched it back again.into Greece.'] I. “ f That is, the (hip /trgo, built at Pagafa, a town in Tbeffdfl. b This Phincus was a king of Arcadia ; who, for putting out his childrens eyes, was himfelf ftruck blind, and attended by the Harpies; who eating up all hiswiftuals had almoft famifhed him, till his,wife’s brothers, Calais and Zethes came and drove them away.} c Helpleft. * Blindnels. c Viz. Calais and Zethes. [f That is, the Harpies-, being three in number, viz. Aello, Celeno, and Ocypete; the daughters of Pontus and Terra. They were filthy and monhious ravenous birds, having the faces of women, and vulture’s claws, s Jafon was the fon of APon king of Thetfuly. 11 See B. 6. L. 719. i Condition* 14 [That is Medea, the daughter of Aetes king of Qli BOOK VII. Fab. I. 141 he, whom 11 lately faw,(hould perilh ? What is the caufe of fo great a fear ? Shake off the flames con- 17 ceived in thy virgin breaft, if thou can’ll, unhappy creature. If I could, I (hould be founder in mind. But a new violence drags me away again!! my will; and Cupid advifes one thing, and my reafon another. I fee better things, and approve of them ; but follow worfe. Why art thou, royal maid, 21 burnt with the love of a llranger ? and thinked of a marriage-bed in another part of the world ? This land too is able to furnifh thee with what thou mayeft love. Whether he (hall live or die is in the power of the Gods. Yet let him live ; and that I may pray for, even without love. For what fault has Jafon committed ? Whom but a cruel creature would not the age of Jafon affedl, and his defcent, and gallantry ? Whom cannot his beauty move, fuppofing that other things were wanting. Certain- ly he has dilturbed my bread. But unlefs I give him aflidance, he will be 11 breathed upon by the mouths of the bulls ; and will engage with his own 0 crop, enemies produced out of the earth ; or will be cruelly given as a prey to the greedy dra- gon. If I fuffer this, then (hall I confefs that I 32 was born of a tiger, and carry iron and rocks in the heart of me. Why do I not too behold him perifh ? and f profane my eyes, by feeing it ? Why do I not animate the bulls againd him, and the fierce fons of the earth, and the never fleeping dragon ? The Gods grant better things. Altho’ 37 thofe things are not to be prayed for, but done by me ; (hall I //;e« betray the kingdom of my father? And (hall a dranger, I know not who, be faved by my help, that being fecure by me, he may give his fails to the winds without me, and be the hufband of another ; and I, Medea, be left for puniflimcnt ? If he can do this, and prefer another before me, 42 NOTES. 'Never faw till now. ° Scorched with the breath. "That is, the ferpent’s teeth, which, when (own by him, (hail grow up men. ? Pollute, 142 METAMORPH. kt the ungrateful man perifli. But there is not in him that countenance, that noble fpirit in his foul, that handfomenefs in his perfon, that I need fear 46 treachery, and his forgetting of my merit. He lhall too give me a promife before-hand, and I will oblige the Gods to be witnefles to our agreement. Why doft thou fear things that are fafe ? buckle to, and banifh all delay. Jafon will for ever owe himfelf to thee, and will join thee to him by a fo- lemn torch, i. e. marriageand thou fhalt be cele- brated through the Grecian cities by the whole tribe 51 of mothers as a faviour. Shall I then be carried off by the winds, am/leave my lifter, and brother, and father, and Gods, and native foil ? My fa- ther truly is cruel, and my country indeed is bar- barous, my brother as yet an infant: the willies of my fifter Hand with me. A very great God is within me. I (hall not leave great things ; but I (hall purfue great things : the honour of laving the youth of Greece, and the knowledge of a better country, and towns whofe fame is great here too, and the politenefs and arts of fo- reign people, and him, the fon of jEfon, whom I would take in exchange for the things which the whole world poffeffeth : with whom for my huf- band I fliall be called happy, and dear to the Gods ; and (hall touch the liars with my head. 62 What Jhall I fay, that I know not what mountains are laid to clalh together in the middle of the waters, and s Charybdis, an enemy to (hips, one while to fuck up the fea, and then again to throw it up : and the rapacious r Scylla, furrounded with fierce dogs, 66 is faidto bark in the Sicilian deep ? Well, grafping what I love, and keeping fall in the bofom of Jafon, I ftiall pafs through long feas : whilft I. embrace him, I (hall fear nothing : or if I do fear, I (hall fear for my hufband alone. Doft thou call it marriage, and putplaufible names upon thycrime, Medea? NO r E s. s[ A gulf of the SiciUan Tea, over-againft Scjlla. r A rock between Sidlj and Italy, over-againft Charybdis. B O O K vn. Fab. I. 143 TMedea ? Do but confider how great a wickednefs 70 thou art attempting, and whilft thou may'ft, avoid the guilt. Thus fhe faid ; and right, and duty to a father, and fhame, all flood before her eyes : and now Cupid turns his conquered back. She went thereupon to the old altars of Hecate, the daughter of Perfes; which a fhady grove and a retired wood covered. And now (he was courageous ; and her flame being rebuffed, had much fallen. When fhe fees the fon of jEfon; and the extinguifhed flame revived. Her cheeks glowed, and r fhe was hot all 78 her face over. As a fpark ufes to take growth from the winds, and what •was hut fmall, when it lay concealed under the afhes cafl over it, to grow, and being put in motion, to rife up to its former flrength: fo love now running low, which now you would have thought was dying away, as foon as fhe fees the youth, was inflamed with the appearance of him before her eyes. And by chance the fon of TEfon was more comely than ufual upon that day; you might forgive her loving him. She gazes, and 86 keeps her eyes fixed upon his countenance, as if now at lafl but feen : nor does fhe, mad creature, think fhe fees the face of a mortal; nor does fhe turn herfelf from him. But as foon as the flran- ger begun to fpeak, and feized her right hand, and begged her afliflance with a humble voice, and pro- mifed her his bed, i. e. marriage', fhe fays, with tears running down, I fee what I fhould do ; nor will ignorance of the truth, but love deceive me. You fhall be faved by my favour; but when faved grant what you have promifed. He fwears by the facred rites of the 1 three-formed Goddefs, and the Deity which was in that grove, and by the “ father of his father-in-law that was to be, who fees all things, by his own events, and fuch great dangers. Being believed, he received immediately fame in- 98 chanted NOTES. < Her blood fluthed up in her face. « [That is, Hecate or Diana. * Viz. Sol (the fun) the father of JEetes. i44 METAMORPH. chanted herbs, and learnt the ufe of them ; and IOO went away joyfully to his lodging. The following morn had banifhed the twinkling flats : the people repair to the facred field of Mars, and ftand upon the hills; the king himfelf fat down, robed in fcarlet, in the midfl of the company, and diftinguifh- ed by a golden fcepter. When lo the brazen-foot- ed bulls breathe fire out of their adamantine noles ; and the grafs touched with the vapours burn. And 106 as chimnies full of fire ufe to roar, or when flints diflblved in an earthen furnace, receive a violent heat by the fprinkling of liquid water : fo do their brealls rolling out the enclofed flames, and their in burnt throats roar. Yet the fon of jEfon goes to meet them. The grim bulls turned their terrible countenances, and their horns pointed with iron, towards the face of him advancing ; and pawed the dully ground with their cloven feet ; and filled the jIJ place with fmoky lowings. The Minyae grew ftiff with fear. He comes up and feels not the fire breath, ed out by them; fo much can inchanted herbs do ; and flroaks their hanging dewlaps with his bold right hand ; and putting them under the yoke, ob- liges them to draw the heavy load of a plough, and to tear up with the (hear, the ground not ufed to that work. The Colchians wonder-at him: the Minyse fill his ears with their fhouts, and give him 121 courage. Then he takes the viper's teeth in a bra- zen helmet, and fcatters them upon the ploughed lands. The ground being tindiured before hand with a llrong poifon, foftens the feed; and the teeth that were fown, grow, and become new bodies. And as an infant receives the fliape of a man in his mother’s womb, and is made up entire in all his parts, and does not go out into the common air till he is ripe for it: fo when the form of man was finilhed in the bowels of the pregnant earth, it rifes up in the fruitful plain. And what yet more wonderful, (hakes arms that grew up along with it. S30 Which when the Greeks faw preparing to throw their fpears with fliarp points, at the Hasmonian, i. e. Thejjalian BOOK VII. Fab. I. 145- i. c. Thejfalian youth, Jafon, they lowered both their countenances and courage through fear. She like- wife was afraid who had rendered him fecure. And 135 when (lie faw the young man alone attacked by fo many enemies, (he was pale, and fat down fudden- ly cold, without any blood in her face. And left the herbs lhat had been given him by her, (hould avail'^at little, (he repeats an auxiliary charm, and fummons to his aid her fecret arts. He cafting a heavy (lone into the middle of his enemies, turned the battle averted from himfelf upon themfelves. The earth- 141 born brothers perifh by mutual wounds, and fall in civil fight. The Greeks congratulate him, and catch hold of the conqueror; and (tick clofe to him in hearty embraces : and thou too, Barbarian lady, would’ft embrace the conqueror ; [(hame hindered the attempt ; but ttf/ww/ye thou would’ft have embra- ced him.] But a regard to thy; reputation reftrain- cd thee, that thou didft: not do it. Whatisallow- 147 ed thee, thoudojl: thou rejoiced with a fecret affe- _ ftion for him, and giveft thanks to thy inchantments and to the Gods, the authors of them. It remains now to lay afleep the watchful dragon with herbs ; who finely adorned with a creft and three tongues, and terrible with his crooked teeth, was the keeper of the golden ram, or fleece. After (he had fprink- 152 [ led him with herbs of a # Letha?an juice, and three times repeated words that caufe fweet deep, which would dill the troubled fea, and which would ftop the rapid rivers, deep creeps upon thofe eyes un- ! known to it before: and the yEfonian hero feizes ! the gold, i.e. the golden fleece; and proud of the t fpoil, and carrying the giver of the prize, Medea, ; as another fpoil along with him, arrived vidlorious • with his wife at the harbour of lolcos, in Theffaly. NOTE. * * Lclhc is fa id to be a river in hell, fuppofed to caufe fcrgetfulnels. N BOOK 146 METAMORPH- BOOK XI. 410 X. TN the mean time, 1 Ceyx being difturbed in f his mind, anxious for the ftrange things that A befel his b brother, and for c thefe which followed after the metamorphofis of his brother; refolves to go to the d Clarian Apollo, to confult the facred oracle, that confolation of men : for the profanec Phorbas with his f Phlegyae made the tem- ple of Delphi inaccefiible. Yet he makes you ac- quainted with his delign, mod faithful Halcyone ; whofc inmoft bones immediately received a cold, and a palenefs like box covers her face, and her 419 cheeks were wet with tears pouring out. Three times attempting to fpeak, three times (he watered her face with weeping; and fobs interrupting her affectionate complaints, (lie faid, My deared, what fault of mine h s changed your mind? where is that, care of me, that ufed to be injou before ? Can you be abfent, and eafy, when you have left your Halcyone ? Now a long journey pleafes you: now 42J I am dearer to you, when abfent from you. But I fuppofe, your journey is only by land, and I (hall only grieve, but not fear; and my trouble will be without any apprehenfion for you. The feas fright me, and the difmal appearance of the fea: and I faw broken boards lately upon the diore ; and I have often read names upon tomb-dones without bo- dies. NOTES. 5C 1 [Ctyx, the Ion of Lucifer, was king of Trachinla, a country an Thejhly, married Alcyone, or Lalcyone the daughter of JEolus; and he being drowned in his return from Egypt, was for his wife’s daily prayers for his fafety, turned into a bird of his own name, called the king’s filher. * He was called Dtedalion, whole daughter Chione was {lain by Diana, for having the vanity to vie with her for beauty, and lie himlelf transformed into a hawk; as is related in the 8th Fable of this book. c Namely the deftruftion of Peleus’s cattle by a wolf, which was afterwards turned into a {tone, as narrated in Fable pth. [Pe- feus was Ceyx’s gutfl for fome time.] d To the temple of Apollo in Ca- r.os. e He was the Ion of Lapitha, and a fierce robber in Thrjfaly. s They were a facrilegious people in Tbejfdy, f BOOK XI. Fab. X. 147 dies. And let not any deceitful alfurance poffefs ^30 your mind, that the fon of Hippotas, JEolus, is your father-in-law ; who confines the (lout winds in pri- fon, and affuages the feas when he pleafes. When the winds, once let out, have got the feas into their power, nothing is to them forbidden; every land, and every fea is unregarded by them. They dillurb too the clouds of heaven, and force from thence red fire by their fierce contefts. The more I know 437 them, (tor I know them, and I have often feen them in my father’s houfe when I was little) the more 1 think they are to be feared. But if, dear hufoand, 439 your refolution can be changed by no prayers of mine, and you are too much fixed upon going : take me together along with you. We (hall howe- ver be tolled together ; nor (hall I fear any thing, but what I fuffer; and we (hall endure together w’hatfoever (hall be ; and (hall be carried together upon the wide feas. Her 8 (tarry hufband is moved 444 with thefe words, and tears of the daughter of 7E- olus: for the love in him is no lefs. But he is neither willing to quit his intended journey by fca, nor to admit Halcyone to a (hare in the danger : and faid in anfwer many things to comfort her ti- morous bread, /. e. mind. But yet he does not therefore make good his caufe to her fatisfaftion. He added to thofe things too this h foftening, by which alone he wrought upon his loving wife : All delay will be tedious to me : but I fwear to thee by my father’s fire, (if the fates will but fend me back again) that I will return before the moon twice fills its orb. After by this promife, hope was given 454 her of his fpeedy return, he. immediately orders a (hip, drawn out of the dock, to be launched in the , fea, and to be furnilhed with its proper rigging. Which being feen again, as if prefaging what was to come to pafs, Halcyone quaked, and (hed tears burding out, and gave him embraces: and, poor N 2 lady', NOTES. 8 Star-like. He was the Pan of Lucifer, the morning-(Ur. k Comforting argument. 348 M E T;A MORPH. JaJy, faid at laft with a forrowful tone, Farewel; and immediately funk with her body quite down 461 upon the ground. But the young men on board, whilft Ceyxfeeks pretences for delay, in double banks draw the oars to their (tout breads, and with equal ftrokes cut the feas : She lift up her wet eyes, and immediately fees her hufband Handing upon the crooked Hern, and making the fird figns to her, by W'aving his hand ; and Hie returns the figns. When the earth now feemingly withdrew further off, and her eyes cannot now didinguidi his face ; whilft die can, die follows, however, the flying fliip with her 469 eyes. When this too, being carried oft to a great didance, could not be feen ; yet die looks at the fails waving on the top of the mad. When die does not fee the fails, die goes full of concern to her empty bed, and lays herfelf down thereon. And the bed and the place renew the tears of Hal- cyone, and put her in mind what part of kerfelf was wanting. They were now got out of the harbour, and the ‘ air toiled the ropes. The failors turn the hanging oars to the fides of the fliip, and k fix the iail-yards on the top of the mad, and draw all the fails down along the the mad, and receive the com- ing wind. Either the lefler part, or, however, not more than the middle part of the fea was now cut by the ihip, and both lands on each fide were a great way off; when about night the fea began to g.row white with fwelling waves, and the ead-wind 482 to blow furioufly ftrong. The mafter cries out 1 prefently, Lower the lofty yards, and furl the fails to the yards. So he orders; but the oppofite dorms 484 hinder the execution of his orders ; nor does the craftiing noife of the fea differ any orders of his to be heard. Yet fame haflen of their own accord to pull up the oars ; part to fecure the fides of the fliip ; part to withdraw the fails from the winds. One throws out the waves, and pours back the fea into NOTES. i A brifk gale (hook the tackle of the fliip. k Hoift their yards, i Again and again. BOOK XI. Fab. X. 149 into the Tea ; another m takes off the yards. Which 489 things whilft they are done without any order, the rugged ftorm grows ; and the fierce winds on all fides wage war, and confound the raging feas. The mailer of the Ihip himfclf is now affrighted': 4nd himfelf confeffes that he does not well know what their condition is, or what he (hould order or for- bid : fo great is the load of their calamity, and more powerful than all his art. For the men make 49^- a noife with their bawling to one another, and the ropes with the hiding of the winds, and the heavy waves with the dalhing of other waves againft them, and the fky with thunder. The fea is raifed \vith waves, and feems to equal the heavens in height^ and to dalh the clouds drawn over them with the fprinkling of their water. And one while, whilft 499 it brufhes up the yellow fands from the bottom, it is of the fame colour with them; another while blacker than the Stygian water : fometimes it is level, and is all white v/ith noify froth'. The Tra- ehihian {hip too is difturbed with thefe turns ; and feems one while from aloft to look down into the vallies, and the infernal Acheron, from the top of a mountain. Another while, when the crooked fea 504 has flood about it let down thereinto, it feems to look from the infernal waters up to heaven. Often, when (truck upon the fide with a wave, it makes a huge crafhing noife : nor does it, when beat, make a lighter noife, than the iron ram, or balifta, when it (hakes the battered towers. And as fierce lions 510 gathering llrength in rufhing forwards, ufe to ad- vance with their breads againft arms and weapons held out againft them ; fo the water, when upon the rifing of the wind it gave itfelf a loofe, advanced againft the rigging of the (hip, and was much high- er than it. And now the pins of the boards fhrink, 5:4 and the chinks ftript of their ftoppage of wax, lye open, and make way for the deadly water to enter. Lo vail (howers too fall from the diftblved clouds; and you would think that all heaven was coming N 3 dowsa • NOTE. f lulls NOTES. p The airy [thin] regions of Tartarus: that is, ths deeped part of hell. 1 A fatisfaMion. ' f F 01 156 METAMORPH. with thee, I fay. r For fo I fhould not have fpent any of the time of my life not together with thee; nor would my death have been feparated from thine. 700 Now I perifh, abfent from thee ; now 1 am tolfed upon the waves, abfent from them : and the fea has me without me. My mind would be more cruel to me than the fea itfelf, if I Ihould endea- vour to continue my life any longer, and druggie 704 to furvive fo great a trouble. But I will neither druggie, nor leave thee, poor man : and I will now at lead come to be a companion to thee, and in the grave, if any urn does not, yet an infcripti- on upon the jlone thereof fliall join us ; and if I do not touch thy bones with my bones, yet I will touch thy name with my name. Her forrow for- bids her faying more; and f lamentation intermix- es with all her words; and groans are fetched 710 from her adonidied heart. It was morning: die goes out of the houfe to the diore, and all mourn- ful returns to that place, from which (he had feen him go : and fays, Whild he dayed here, and whild he here 1 loofed the (hip’s ropes that faden- ed it to the (bore, at his departing he gave me kif- fes upon this (bore : and whild die obferves the place with her eyes, and remembers what had been done there, and looks upon the fea; (be obferves I know not what upon the liquid water at a didant fpace, like a u body : and at fird it was doubtful 717 what it was. After the water brought it a little nearer ; altho’ it was dill a good way off, yet it was plain it was a body. Tho’ (he was ignorant who it w s, yet becaufe it was a (bipwrecked man, die was didurbed at the omen ; and as if (be was giving tears to an unknown perfon, (be fays, Alas, poor creature, whofoever thou art, and if thou had any wife ! The body driven by the waves, comes yet nearer. Which the more (be looks at, the lefs and NOTES. r For then neither fliouli) I have pafled any part of my life but in your company. f At every word (lie beats upon her bread. * Weigh- ed anchor. “ Corps. BOOK XI. Fab X. 157 and lefs is (he her own woman, being quite diftraift- ed. And now (he beholds it brought up to the next land, and what (he could well difcern: it was her hufband: (he cries out, It is he; and at the fame time (he tears her face, hair, and cloaths; and ((retching out her trembling hands to Ceyx, (he fays, Doft thou fo return to me, my deareft, poor hulband ? There is by the water a mole, made by mens hands ; which breaks the firft fury of the fea, and weakens the affault of the waters, before it reaches the harbour. Upon that (he leaps, and it was wonderful (he could ; hut (he flew ; and fmit- ing the light air with her wings lately formed, (he, now a * miferable bird, 11 grazes upon the top of the water. And whilft (he flies, her r rattling mouth made, through a (lender bill, a noife like to a mournful one, and full of complaint. But as 736 foon as (he touched the body dumb, and without blood, embracing his beloved limbs with her wings, (he gave him in vain coldkifles w'th her hard bill. The people by, doubted whether Ceyx perceived it, or he feemed to lift up his countenance by the mo- tion of the water: but he*really perceived it. And at la(l both of them, the Gods pitying them, are changed into birds. Then too their love con- tinued liable to the fame fate ; nor was the matri- monial contradt broke-in them saw birds. They 744 couple, and become parents: and for feven fmooth days in the winter-time Halcyone broods upon her neft, hanging on the fea. Then the paflage of the lea is fafe. TEolus keeps the winds in, and hin- ders them from getting out ; and 2 fecures a calm fea for his grandchildren. BOOK NOTES. * Mournful, melancholy. x Skims the furface of the waters, y Chat- tering. 2 Prxjtat ttqiurr, calms, or fmooths the fea. Prxftare here fignifies to make a thing fuch as we would have it, or as it ought to be. Befides there may be here an emphafis in the word xquor, which, •ccording to Vam, fignifies, mare quod xquatu.n, commtm vento non 158 METAMORPH. BOOK XIII. I. T"-!""'1' HE * commanders accordingly fat down; I and a ring of the common foldiery lland- JL ing by, b Ajax, the lord of the c feven- fold Ihield, rofeup to them. And, as he was un- able to govern his paflion, he looked upon the d Sigaean Ihore, and the fleet upon the fhore, with a grim countenance : and ftretching out his hands, he fays, Do we plead, O Jupiter ! our caufe be- fore the fhips, and is e Ulyfles matched with me ? 7 But he made no fcruple to yield to f Hedtor’s flames, which 1 witbftood, and which I drove from ' this fleet. It is then fafer to engage with g lying %Q words, than to light with the handi ! But neither ■ is it eafy for me to fpeak, nor for him to adt. And as great ability as I have in war, and in fight; fo able is he in fpeaking. Nor do I think, O ye Greeks, my adtions are to be recounted to you ; for you faw them. Let Ulyffes tell his, which he adls without any witnefs, and to which s6 the night alone is confcious. I confefs a great prize is contended for : but the rival to Ajax takes away the honour. It is no boafting matter to car- ry that, though the thing be indeed great in it/elf, tvhatfoever Ulyfles hoped for. He has already got ' a NOTES. * [ Viz. Agamemnon, Menelaus, Neflor, Diomedes, NOTES. * Viz. Agamemnon. * Viz. Ajax, y Open his mouth. * [He was a very ugly foul tongued fellow, and yet the lazieft of ail the Grecians, whom Achilles flew with his fid * That is Diomedes the fon of Ty- deus.] b Letsme mto apartnerfhip of his feats. ' [He was fent as a fpy to the Grfcwn camp, as Diomedcs and Ulyfles were to the Trojan.} i68 META MORPH. then the arms of him, whofe horfes the d enemy de* manded as a reward for that night’s fervice ; and let Ajax be thought to have been kinder to you than 25J Why (hould I relate to you the troops of the Lycian e Sarpedon, mowed down by my fword ? With much bloodfhed I killed f Caeranus, Iphitus’s fbn, and Alallor, and Chromius, and Alcander, and Halius, and Noemon, and Prytanis; and I gave to deltrudlion, /. e. pew, Thoon, with Cher- fidamas, and Charopes, and Ennomos, pulhed up- on his ruin by the unmerciful fates; and others lefs noted, who fell by my hand under the walls of the 262 city. I have wounds too, countrymen, honour- able from their place, i. e. wounds before: and be- lieve not empty words. Lo behold them, (and then with his hand he pulls down his coat) and this bread:, faith he, is conftantly exercifed in your af- 266 fairs. But the fon of Telamon has fpent none of his blood upon his friends, for fo many years to- gether; and has a body without a wound. But what fignifies that, if he fays, that he bore arms a- gainft Hedlor, and Jupiter himfelf for the Grecian 270 fleet ? And I confefs he did fo ; for ’tis no proper- ty of mine ill-naturedly to leflen the good deeds of others. But let him not alone claim what is com- mon, and let him give feme of the honour to you. The defeendent of ^Adlor, Patrodus, fecure under the appearance of Achilles, repulfed the Trojans from the (hips ready to be burnt, together with their 275 defender stjax. He fancies too, that he alone had the courage to engage with He&or in Angle com- bat ; forgetting both the king, Agamemnon, and the other commanders, and myfelf. He was the ninth in that bufinefs, and preferred before the reft NOTES. a { Viz. Colon; who, before he came out, demanded of Heftor the herfes and chariot of Achilles for that night’s fervice. e He was the fon of Jupiter and Europa, and king of Lyeia. f He, with the reft here mentioned, attended Sarpedon, when aflifting the Trojans againft the Grecians. ® After was one of Hercules’s companions in the war againft the Amazons; and fatroclus (the fon of Mensetius) was his grandfon.J BOOK m Fab. I. 16$ by the favour of lot. But yet what was the iflue of your engagement, worthy champion ? He NOTES. r [PhiloAetes received thofe arrows from Hercules, and it was faid. That Tro) could not be taken without them. f That is, Helenus the Ion of Priamus, called Dardanio from Dardanus the founder of Troy, the fon of Jupiter and EleOra. 1 Viz. the Palladium. » That is, a fhield made up of feven bulk hides. » Pergama is properly the fort of Troy, but ufed by the Poets for the city itfelf x Brutal (trength want- ing conduct > This Ajax was a king of t\\c Locrenfes in Greece, and. (onto Oiieus. 172 METAMORPH. valiant 2 Eurypilus, and the a fon of the famous Andremon. And no lefs would 1 Idomeneus, and ^ Meriones, who conies from the fame country, and the c brother of the elder d Atrides, would lue for 360 them. Tho’all gallant in a<5lion, (for they are not fecond to thee in fight) yet they yielded to my wif- dom. Thou halt a right hand ufeful in war; but thy parts are what want my government. Thou haft ftrength without underrtanding. I have a con- cern for what is to come. Thou canft fight: but the fon of Atreus chufes with me the feafon for fight- ing. Thou only doft fervice with thy body, I 366 with my foul. And as much as he who guides a fhip, is above the office of a rower ; as much as a commander is greater than a foldier ; fo much do I excel thee, and in my body is a bread, or foul, 370 better than hands : all my vigour is in it. But do- you, O nobles, give this reward to your watch- man ; and for a care of fo many years, which I have fpent anxioufly, give me this honour in re- quital of my fervices. Now our work is towards a clofe. I have removed the fatal obllacles that hindered, and I have taken lofty e Troy in ef- 373 fed, by rendering it capable of being taken. Now therefore I entreat you by our common hopes, and by the walls of Troy that are juft ready to fall, and by the f Gods which I lately took from the enemy ; by whatfoever is to be tranfadled by wifdom, if any thing of that kind remains to be done ; if as yet any bold enterprife is to be undertaken, and any thing to be fetched from a dangerous place; if you think any thing ftill left to compleat the ruin of Troy, be mindful of me } or if you do not give me the arms, give NOTES. * This Eurypilus was a fkilful foothlayer of the ifhnd Cos. He was the fon of Hercules, and attended Agamemnon with forty (hips to the Trojan expedition. 3 That is, Thoas Prince of the jEtofwns, who went with forty (hips likeuife to the Trojan war. a He was king of the Crctians. b He was admiral of the fleet lent by the Cretians to the wars of Troy. * Viz Menelaus. d Or, the cider (on of Atreus, viz. Aga- memnon. e Troy was taken in the year before the building ot Rome >)3o, before the birth of Christ 1184, according to Petavius. f He means the VaHadium, or the image of Pallas. BOOK m Fab. VIIi. IT£ give them to this; and then he points to the fatal iiatue of Minerva. The whole body of the gran- 382' dees was moved ; and it appeared in fadt, what e- loquence could do ; and an eloquent man got the arms of a ftout man. And he who alone fo often withftood Hedtor, withftood fword, fire, and Ju- piter himfelf, cannot bear up againft anger alone; and refentment conquers the invincible man. He takes his fword, and fays, This however is mine, or will Ulylles demand this too for himfelf ? I muft ule this again!! myfelf; and that which has often been wet with the blood of the E Phrygians, fliall now be wet by the (laughter of its owner, that no body may conquer Ajax, but Ajax himfelf. Thus he faid: and thru!! his deadly fword into his bread, then h at lall (uffering a wound, where it was bare to receive the fword. Nor were his hands able to pull out the weapon, when duck into his bread; the blood forced it out: and the earth being red with his blood, produced a ‘ purple flower out of the green turf, which had before rifcn too upon the wound of the k Oebalian Hyacinthus. Letters in common to the boy and the man, were infcribed upon the middle of the leaves: thefe the letters of jljax’s name, only, the former letters of 1 complaint. VIII. In the next place, they make for the country of the m Phasacians, planted with fine fruit. After that Epire, and ” Buthrotos ruled by the P hrygian 0 prophet, and the » counterfeit Troy, P 3' are." NO T E s: * That is, Trojans; called Fhrygcs, becaufe Troy flood in Phrygia, a country in the lefler h Firft. ‘ [Called a violet.] k 'I hat is. Lacedemonian, or Laconian ; which country is called Oebalia from Oeba- hs the ton of Argulus king of Laconia. 1 Viz. of Apollo for the loft of his favourite Hyacinthus (a beautiful boy of Amycle, a city of Laco- nia) or it may be the lamentation of Hyaciutbus himfelf, who when he was dying, cried out, Ai, ai, ( alas! alas ! ) which are likewife the two firft letters of Ajax his name.] VH1. 1,1 [The Plhtaces (fo called from Phaeax the fbn of Neptune) were a people of Corcyra, an ifland in the Ionian fea, now called Corjou*. *• A city of Epirus. 0 Piz. Helenas the fon of Priamus. P This Tsoy was built by dklcnus in Epirus, in iwitauen of old Troy, *74 METAMORPH.' are reached by them. From thence well acquaint’- ed with future events, ail which Helenas the fon of Priam had in his inftrucflions foretold them of, 724 they enter Sicania. This runs into the fea with- three points; of which Pachynos is turned towards the watery fouth ; Lilyboeon is expofed to the foft weft winds; but Peloros looks towards the Bear that never comes in the fea, and 'i Bootes. Under this come the Trojans, and the fleet with oars, and a favourable current, about night, makes the rZan— 73° clsan fand, or flore. Scylla infefts the right fide, and the reftlefs Charybdis the left. This fwallows up fltips, and throv/s them up again, after it has fwept them down : the other has her black belly furrounded with favage dogs, having the face of a. virgin, and (if the poets have not left us all things involved in fiction) (he was for fome time a f vir- 73J gin. Many lovers courted her; which being re- jedted, fhe went to the Nymphs of the fea, being very acceptable to the Nymphs of the fea; and related to them the baffled amours of the young fellows. Whom, whilft Galatea gives her hair to comb, fetching fome fighs, fhe fpeaks to her in 740 fuch words as thefe. Yet, O young lady, a race of men not favage, courts you; and as you do, you may deny them, without any mifchief enfuing. But I, whofe father is Nereus, whom the green Doris brought forth, who am guarded too by a crowd of fifters, could not efcape the amorous ad- drefles of a 1 Cyclops, but through the waves : and tears hindered the voice of her, as Jhe was fpeak- 746 ing. Which after the young lady had wiped off with her marble thumb, and comforted the God- defs; Tell me, O deareft, faid fhe, and do not conceal from me, (lam faithful to you) the caufe of NOTES. t Others read here 'Borearn, for Borcan. r Zanck was a city in Sicily, taken by Strabo for Mellana, now Mejfma. { This Scyila was the daughter of Phorcus. 1 She means Polyphemus (the (bn of Neptune) a Cyclops, famous for his one eye, in the middle of his forehead; a. poetical giant, who, with his brethren, kept their hocks ia Sicily, of your grief. The u Nereis replied upon the 749 * daughter of Grataeis, in thefe words. Acis was begotten of Faun and the Nymph x Symaethis, the great pleafure of his father and mother, yet a great- er pleafure of mine : for the beautiful youth had joined me alone to him; and having palled twice eight birth-days, he had marked his tender chaps with a dubious down. I purfued him, and the Cyclops me without end. Nor can I tell you, if you alii me, whether the hatred of the Cyclops, or the love of Acis, was ftronger in me ; both were equal. O gentle Venus, how great is the power of thy dominion ! Well, that favage, and to be 759 dreaded by the woods themfelves, and feen by no llranger, but to his deltrudlion, and a defpifer of great Olympus with the Gods; feels what lovej is : and feized with a paffionate defire of me, burns, forgetting his cattle and his caves. Now thou haft 764 a concern for beauty and to pleafe aiders : now Polyphemus, thou combeft thy ftiffhair with rakes ; and now it pleafes thee to cut thy rough beard with a fickle, and to view thy grim countenance in the water, and compole it. The love of llaughter, and wildnefs, and that immenfe thirft after blood, all ceafe ; and Ihips come and go fafe. In the mean 77^ time, y Telemus arriving at the Sicilian iEtne, Te- lemus the fon of Eurymus, whom no bird had ever deceived, goes to the terrible Polyphemus, and faid : Ulylfes will take from thee that fingle eye, which thou haft in the middle of thy forehead. He laughed; and faid, Thou art deceived, O thou 774, foolilheft of all prophets: another hath already fei- zed this eye. Thus he flights him giving him no- tice of what was true, in vain ; , and he either bur- dens the Ihore, (talking along with huge ftrides, or returns weary into his dullty cave. A hill in form NOTES. * That is, Galatea the daughter of Ncreus. * Viz. Scylla the daugh- ter of Phorcus and Crataus, which Cratas was a river of Calabria... * Symasthis was a nymph (or daughter) of Symathus a river in Sicily.. X Telcmus was a looth-layer, and one of the. Cyclops, tj6 METAMORPH-. form of a wedge, runs out with a long point into the fea : the water of the main flows about both 780 fides of it. The wild z Cyclops afcends thither, and fat in the middle of it. His wool-bearing cat- tle followed, tho’ no body led them. Before whofe feet, after the pine-tree, which afforded him the ufe of a ftaff", was laid, fit to bear a fail-yard, and his pipe, made up of a hundred reeds, was taken; all the mountains rung with the whiffling of the 785 ftiepherd ; the waters rung. I lurking within a rock, and lying in the bofom of my dear Acis, heard with my ears at a diftance, fuch words as thefe; and what I heard, I marked in my mind. O Galatea, fairer than the leaf of the fnow-white privet, more florid than the meadows, taller than' the long alder-tree, brighter than glafs, and wan- toner than a tender kid; fmoother than the (hells worn fo by the continual playing of the fea upon them : more agreeable than the winter’s Suns, or the Summer’s (hade; more noble than apples, more confpicuous than a tall plane-tree, more (hining than ice, more (weet than ripe grapes, fofter too than fwan’s feathers, and curdled milk ; and, if thou doff not fly me, more beautiful than a water- ed garden. And yet thou, the fame Galatea, art more wild than cows not broke to the yoke, har- der than an aged oak, more deceitful than the wa- ters, more tough than fallow twigs, and white vines, more imraoveabte than thefe rocks, more violent than a river, more proud than a peacock, ’when commended ; more furious than fire, rough- er than thiffles ; more outragious than a bear with young, deafer than the feas, and fiercer than a 805 (hake, w/;e» trode upon. And, what efpecially I wi(h I could take from thee, not only fwifter in flight than a deer, when driven along by the loud cries of the dogs , but even than the winds, and i the fwift air. But if you knew me well, you would be forty you had fled from me; and you. would! NOT E. - Vi;, Pulypheinuss. BOOK Xin. Fab. VIII. 17? would blame your own delays, and would take pains to keep me. I have a part of a mountain 81© for my cave, hanging with ftone in its natural con- dition ; in which the fun is not felt in the midft of fummer ; nor is winter felt there : I have apples that weigh down the boughs : I have grapes like gold upon tall vines : I have purple grapes too ; and we keep both thefe and the other for thee. Thou fnalt gather with thy own hands foft draw- 815 berries growing under the (hade of a wood, and wild cherries in autumn, and plumbs, not only fucb as are livid with black juice, but of the bell kind too, and imitating new wax. Nor, if I am your hu(b»nd, will there be wanting to you chef- nuts, nor the fruit of the ftrawberry-tree ; every tree (hall be at your fervice. All this cattle is 821 mine, and many more ftroll about in the vallies. The woods cover many more, many more are pen- ned up in my caves: nor, if perhaps you (hould alk me, can I tell you how many there are. It is the Cgn of a poor man to number his cattle. Truft sot me at all for the commendation of them : you, may fee yourfelf in perfon, now they can hard- ly fupport upon their legs their flretched dugs. 827 There are too a frnall brood, lambs in warm (heep- folds. There are too of the fame age, kids in 0- ther folds. I have always milk as white as fnow. Part of it is kept to be drunk ; part of it liquid earning hardens. Nor will eafy dainties, and vul- 831 gar prefents, only fall to you ; as wild deer ; and hares, and flie-goats, or a pair of pigeons, or a nelt taken from the top of a tree : I have found on the top of the mountains, twin cubs of a fhaggy bear to play with, fo like one another, that you can hardly diftinguifli them. I have found them ; and faid, we will keep them for our miftrefs. Do but now put thy pretty head out of the green fea : now, Galatea, come, and do not flight my pre- fents. Certainly I know myfelf, and faw myfelf 840 lately in a refemblance of the clear water ; and my appearance pleafed me, when I faw it. Behold how 178 METAMORPH. how big I am. Jupiter in heaven is not greater than this body of mine : for you ufe to fay that one Jupiter, I know not who reigns there. Plen- ty of hair hangs over my grave face, and over- 346 lhades my (boulders like a grove. And think it not any deformity, that my body is thick fet with (lifFbriftly hair. A tree is ugly without leaves; a horfe difagreeable, unlefs a mane covers his yel- low neck. Feathers cover birds : their wool is an 851 ornament to Iheep. A beard and rough hair upon their body become men. I have one eye in the middle of my forehead, but like a large buckler. What ? does not the great Sun fee all thele things from heaven. Yet the Sun has but one eye. Add 855 too, that my father reigns in your fea. I give you him for your father-in-law. Only pity me, and hear the prayers of your fuppliant: for to you a- / lone we yield. And I, who defpife Jupiter, and heaven, and the piercing thunder; fear thee, O Nereid : thy anger is more difinal than thunder : and I (hould be more patient under this flight of S60 me, if you avoided all men. But why do you re- fufe a Cyclops, and love Acis, and prefer Acts be- fore my embraces? Yet let him pleafe himfelf, and let him pleafe you too, Galatea; which, I could wilh he did not. Let but an opportunity be given me of"meeting with him, he (hall find that I have 865 flrength anfwerable to fo great a body. I will pull out his living bowels, and fcatter his torn mem- bers through, the fields, and through your waters, (fo let him 1 mix with you.) For I am burnt, and my injured flame rages more furioufly ; and I feem to carry jEtna torn from its feat, with all its flames in my breafl: : nor yet are you moved at it, Gala- 870 tea. Having complained in this manner to no purpofe (for 1 faw all) he rifes ; and like a bull mad when his cow is taken from him, he cannot Hand ftill, and wanders through the woods, and well known forefts: when the lavage fpies me, and Acts NOTE. » Have to do with you. book xin. Fab. vm. 179 Acis not thinking of him, and fearing no fuch thing ; and cries out, I fee them : and I will take care this (hall be the laft agreement for your enjoy- ment of one another. And that voice of his was 876 as great as an angry Cyclops ought to have. TEt- ne trembled with his cry. But I being frighted, dive under the neighbouring fea. The Symasthian hero had turned, and given his back to flight; and faid, Bring me help, O Galatea; bring me help, O ye her parents, and admit me ready to pe- rifh within your kingdom. The Cyclops purfues 882 him, and carts a part torn from a mountain ; and tho’ but the extreme corner of the ftone came to him, yet it buried Acis entirely. But we, whicb 885 was all that was allowed to be done by the Fates, took care that Acis flvpuld aflume his grand-father’s flrength. Red blood run from the mafly ftone, and in a little time the rednefs begun to vanilh ; and firft it becomes the colour of a river mudded with a (bower, and is cleared after fome time. Then the mafs that was thrown, b gapes ; and a lively and tall reed rifes through the chinks ; and •the hollow mouth of the ftone rattles with water bubbling out: and a wonderful thing it was, c the young man fuddenly enclofed up to the middle of the belly with reeds turned round into new horns. Who, but that he was bigger, but that he was ^ green all his face over, was Acis Jiill. But fo too Acis was turned into a river : and the e river keeps its old name. BOOK NOTES. h Opens wide. c The young man haying new horns enclofed with bending reeds, all on a fudden appeared (out of the water) up to the middle ot his belly. [The gods of the rivers are faid to have horns, becaufe of the ownings and windings of rivers, which the Latins call Cornua ] d Sea-green. Sky-coloured. e [This river, formerly cal- led .^cts, but now Freddo on account of its cooktefs, hath its rift in mount JEtna in Sicily.] 180 METAMORPH. BOOK XV. II. * TJT ERE was a njan, by birth a Sami- I I an; but he had fled from b Samos, -A and the tyrants there together ; and from a hatred of tyranny, Was an exile of his own accord. And he c with his mind had accefs to the Gods, d tho’ at a diftance in the regions of Hea- ven ; and the things which nature denied to hu- man fight, thofe he e took in by the eyes of his breaft, or mind; and f with his foul, and E watch- ful ftudy had h difcovered all things, and gave them to be learned among his difciples : and taught the company of his * filent fcholars, admiring his dic- tates, the original of the great world, and the caufes of things, and what nature is ; what God ; whence fnows, and what is the rife of thunder ; whether Jupiter, or the udnds, upon the burfiing of a cloud, thundered ; k what (hook the earth ; by what laws 1 the ftars moved ; and m whatfoever 72 lies hid from the vulgar. And he firft forbid ” ani- mals to be ferved up upon tables; he firft too o- pened his mouth, learned indeed, but not believed, in fuch words as thefe. Forbear, mortals, pollut- ing your bodies with abominable vidtuals. There is corn ; there are fruits that bend the boughs of trees with their weight; and fwelling grapes upon vines. NOTES. a (Hr. at Croton, a city of Magna Gracia (a large quarter of Italy, Co called, becaufe anciently poflefled by the Sicilians, or, that teveral cities thereof came fiom Greece, or that they uted the Greek tongue) which country is now a part of the kingdom of Naples *’ This Samos is an illand in the Icarian fea, to the weft of Ionia, where Juno was educated and married to Jupiter. It is to this da}' called Saifio.] c By thought and cintempla'ion approached the Gods. 11 Tho’ removed from him as far as the heavens are diftant from the earth. c Comprehended, viewed, furveyed. f By his vaft genius. E Clole application. h At- tained a thorough knowledge of all things. Had penetrated all the depths of nature. ‘ [They were injoined filence for the firft five years.] !>- What is the caufe of earthquakes. 1 The heavenly bodies move in their orbits, “ AH the fecrets of nature. n The flelh of animals. BOOK XV. Fab. II. 181 vines. There are fweet herbs, /. e. fuch naturally: there are others which may 0 grow fweet and foft with fire. Nor is milk denied you, nor honey fmelling of the flowers of thyme. The i’ earth 81 plentifully furnilhes her riches, and pleafant food, and affords dainties without flaughter and blood- fhed. Wild beads gratify their hunger with flefli ; and yet not all of them neither : for the horfe, and s flocks, and r herds live upon grafs. But thofe 85 which have a wild and cruel f temper, and Arme- nian tigers ; and angry lions, and bears with wolves rejoice in vidtuals of blood. O what an abominable wickednefs it is, that bowels fliould be buried in bowels, and that one greedy body flrould grow fat with another body crammed into it, and that one animal (hould live by the death of another animal 1 What ? in fo much plenty, which the 91 earth, the bed of mothers, produces, does it de- light you to champ with your teeth nothing but ‘ dreadful wounds, and to u revive the manners of the Cyclops ? And can you not affwage the appe- tite of a voracious * ill-behaved belly, unlefs you dedroy fome other belly. But that old age, to 96 which we have given the name of Golden, was hap- py in the fruits of trees, and herbs, which the earth brings forth ; nor did they pollute their mouths with blood. Then too the birds x wagged their wings fecurcly through the air, and the hare 1 wandered about in the middle of the fields r un- affrighted ; nor had their credulity hung filhes up- on hooks ; and all places were without plots, fear- ing no fraud, and full of peace. After fome z uf?- lefs introducer of a different cuflom envied men this diet (whofoever of men he was) and a threw down flefh* NOTES. * Mitcfccre; become tender, palatable, p Prediga tdkts, the kvilli, li- >eral earth, s Small cattle; as Iheep and goats. r Big cattle; as oxen. Nature. 1 Grifly morfels. Mangled bodies. u Imitate. * Unman- icrly. Brutal. * Flew lafely. y ICoved without fear. z Milchievoili projeftor. a Filled (Huffed) his rapacious maw with the bodies of sni- nals. Q. *82 M E T A M O R P H. fiefli-meat into his greedy paunch, b he opened a way for wickcdnefs, and c I (hould believe that the knife was firft wet and warm with blood from the (laughter of wild bealls, and d that would have been enough. We confefs, that animals which feck our deflrudHon, may be put to death, without any breach of ' piety, or fluty : { but as they were to be put to death, fo were they not to be eaten. Then the wtckcdnefs of imn went further; and the fwine is thought to have deferved death, and keen the firft facrifice, becaufe it roots up the feed after fonulng, with its crooked fnout, and in- tercepts e the hope of the year. The goat too, up- on gnawing the vine, was led to the altars of Bacchus the avenger, to be (lain. h Their own faults proved pernicious to two forts of .animals. But what did you deferve, (heep, a harmlefs fort of cattle, and ' produced to fupport men ; who carry k neftar in your full duggs, who furnilh us with wool for foft cloathing, and are helpful to us more by your life than death. What has black cattle deferved, a harmlefs, fimple fort of animal, 1-10 without fraud and deceit, made to endure labour? He is indeed unmindful of this, and not worthy of the prefent of cornthe Cods; who after he had juft taken oS from bis ox the load of the crooked plough,could kill that tillerofhis ground; who ftruck with an ax that neck worn bare with labour, with which he had fo often broke up the j27 hard earth, had 1 produced fo many harvefts. Nor is NOTES. fc He paved the way to this wicked practice.—To (laughter and blood- ilied. c I am apt to believe that the (word was at firft ftained with /he blood, and came reeking from the wounds of (laughtered wild ibeafts. By the word pKima, Ovid feems to infmuate, That the (word, •which at firft was defigned againft beafts, e rne afterwards to be em- ployed by men againft one another. d Thus much was allowable. Thus far they might lawfully go, but no further. ‘ The laws of nature or humanity. 1 But however lawful it might be to put them ■to death, yet by no means ought they to have been eaten, s l hat is, the crop. 11 The offence of the(e two occafioned their death. 1 Made for defending men againft cold. k Netler, that is, the milk Xivcet .as Nittar. 1 ibeapt 16 many crops. BOOK XV. Fab. II. i% is this enough, that fuch a wickednefs is commit- ted ; m they intitled the Gods themfelves to this wickednefs; and imagined that the celeftial Deities rejoice in the (laughter of the laborious bullocks. A vitftim wanting all blemifh, and excelling in 130- beauty ( 11 for to pleafe, is a misfortune to the poor creatures') 0 finely decked with ribbons and gold, is fet before the altars ; and ignorant of the r’efigu, hears theprieft pray, and fees the meal, which it helped to produce, laid upon its forehead betwixt its horns ; and being (truck, (tains with its blood the knives forefeen perhaps in the liquid water. Im- 136 ■ mediately they infpedt the fibres taken out of its living breaft, and fearch for the will of the Gods in them. Whence have men fo great an appetite to forbidden vidtuals ? How dare you eat them, O ye race of mortals ? p Which, I befeech you, do not do; and give attention to my admonitions. And when you (hall s give the limbs of (lain oxen to the palate, know, and r think that you are eating the tillers of your ground. And becaufe a God i^i moves my mouth, I will duly follow the God that 1 moves my mouth ; and I will lay open 1 my Del- phi, and the " (ley itfelf; and will unfold the ora- cles of the auguft minds of the Gods. I will fing 146 of great things, and not difeovered by the wits of the antients, and which lay concealed a long time. It delights me to * foar through the lofty (tars ; it delights me to leave the earth, and this dull habi- tation, to ride upon a cloud, and to (land upon the (boulders of the mighty Atlas ; and to look down at a diftance upon poor fouls (trolling up and Q. 2 down-' NOTES. m They fathered their crime upon the gods. n For his beau- ty proves fatal to him. 0 Adorned with fillets and gilded horns, r That you would not do it, is the thing which I beg of you. Ac fncite bo ng the antecedent to quod; which is the proper particle- of imploring, as At of curfing. See Horat. 1 Epift. 7. 94. and Terent. And. 1. 5 j p. and Willymotc on the place. q Put into your mouths. r Remember. f Inlpires my tongue. 1 My doftrines which are as true as the Dclphick refponfes. u Hidden myllcrics of heaven itfclf. * Traverlc the cekftislregions. METAMORPH. down, and wanting reafon ; and thus to encourage them trembling, and fearing death ; and to unfold the 51 feries of fate. III. O mankind, terrified with the fear of cold death, why do you dread Styx, why darknefs,why empty names, the matter of poets invention, and the 156 punifhments of a Editions world ? Whether the funeral pile confumes the bodies with flame, or length of time with rotting, do not think r you can fuffer any real harm. Souls 2 are free from ddath; and always upon leaving their former habitation, they are received, dwell, and live i6o again in new houfes, /. c. bodies. I myfelf (for I remember it) was, in the time of the Trojan war, Euphorbus the fon of Panthous, in whofe oppofite brcalta formerly lodged the heavy fpear of the youn- ger fon of Atreus, Menelaus. I knew my buckler again, that I b wore on my left arm, lately in the temple of Juno in Argos, where Abas formerly l6j reigned. All things are changed : nothing periflies. Souls wander about, and come from thence hither: and from hence thither, and ? feize upon any limbs, or body in their way ; and pafs from wild bealis into human bodies, and our fouls into wild beads ; a-nd are d not loft at any time. And as e brittle wax is damped with new figures, and does not continue as it was, nor keep the fame impreffions, and yet it is the fame wax ftill : fo I affirm the foul of man always to be the fame, but to pafs into different 1)3 forms. Wherefore, that affection to your relations may not be 1 conquered by the greedinefs of your bellies, fpare, or forbear (I 6 prophefy) to drive fouls related to you out of their bodies, by wicked (laughter ; and let not blood be maintained, or fupported NOTES. * Order. Procedure. Ilf. s That they (the bodies) esn be fenfiblc of an}' pain. 2 Can- not die. “ Sunk deep. bBore. c TakepoiTcffion of the bodies of all kinds of animals, i Never quite annihilated. e Yielding. * Ex- tisgt'&hcd. « Warn you as a prophet. BOOK. XV. Fab. in. '285*-. ftipported. by blood. And fince I am failing in a 176 wide fea, and have given my full fails to the winds; there is nothing that 11 perlifts in the fame Hate throughout the whole world. All things are in a a flux, ‘ and the appearance of a wandering river is formed. Timeitfelf pafles away with continual motion, no otherwife than a river; for neither can a river, 11 nor the nimble hours flop: but as wave is pulhed on by wave, and the former is urged for- ward by the following, and urges on that before it; fo ! time flies at once, and follows at once, and is ever new : for what was before is left; and that is which was not; and all the parts of time are made new. m You fee too the nights emerging 18 J' tend to light, and 11 thefe bright beams of the fun fucceed the black night. Nor has heaven the fame colour, when all things ly weary 0 in the middle of rell, and when the bright morning liar rifes upon his white horfe ; and again the colour is dif- ferent, when the daughter of Pallas, Aurora, r who goes before the light, dyes the world to be deliver- ed to Phcebus. The s ihield of the God, when he 190^ rifes r from under the earth, is red; and when he is hiding under the earth, is red. He is white r on the top of heaven, becaisfe the nature of the Aither is better there, and avoids the infediion of the earth at a great diftance. Nor can the form of the 19$ nofturnal Diana be ever alike, or the fame ; 1 and that of the prefent day, if flie be growing, is lefs than that of the following ; but bigger, if flie con- tradfs her orb. What? Do you. not fee the year, Q. 3 adtinj* • NOTE S. f Continues in one fi:cM ft ate. ‘ And all the formsthaf nature pats on are tranfient. k Ncc. And as little. 1 The parts of time at once both fly and purfue. 111 You tee that the night ariies out of the ft a, and follows hard after the day, that is, comes into the place of the day. Rmerfas for emeryere. n That this bright luminary fuccreds to for comes after) dark night. 0 At midnight reft. P That ufhers in the day. The harbinger of day. s Difk, or orb of the Sun. r Above the horizon. r In his meridian height. 1 And always her face to day, if ihe be waxing, is Ids ; if Ike be waining, is bigger, than the day following,.. i86 METAMORPH. aftlng a refemblance of our life, is divided into four feveral appearances ? For in the frelh fpring it is tender and fucking, and like the age of a child. Then the corn blade, being fpruce, and void offtrength, fwells, and is infirm, and delights the hulbandman with hopes of a crop. All things then flourifh, and the fruitful field fmiles in the colours of its flowers ; nor as yet is there any u virtue in 206 the leaves of trees. After the fpring, the year being more robuft, palfes into fummer, and becomes an able youth. For there is no feafon of the year more robuft, nor more * fruitful-, nor any that is more warm, or vigorous. After the heat of that manly feafon is over, Autumn follows, the ripe* and mild, ofa middle temperament betwixt a young man and an old, with grey hairs fcattered about his temples. Then comes on aged winter in a * horrid appearance, with trembling pace, either llript of his hairs, or having thofe he has white. Our bodies too themfelves are always changed, and without any reft ; nor what we either have been, 216 or are, flialf we be to-morrow. The time was, when being feed only, and the hope of men, or of becoming men, we lived in our mother’s wombs. Isa* ture applied her artful hands to us, and would not let our bodies, lodged in the bowels of our > ftretch- ed mother, be ftraitened, or confined there ; and difeharged us out of that dwelling into the open air. 221 The infant being thruft out into the light, lay with- out ftrength ; foon after it creeped upon all four, and moved its z members after the manner of wild hearts; and by degrees it flood upright trembling, and with its hams rot yet firm, its nerves being 225 aflifted with fome fupport. After that it wasftrong and fwift, and parted the “time of manhood ; and after it has run through the years bof the middle time of life:, it defeends through the declining road of NOTES. * Strength. * Prolifick. * Wrinkled. Rough, Rugged, y Diflcudci i “Stage,. b Of manhood*. BOOK XV. Fab. IV. 187 c of perifliing old age. This undermines and de- molifhes the ftrength of the former (tage of life ; and d Milon, when old, weeps, when he beholds thofe his arms hang ' ufelefs and f enervated, which had been before like Hercules’s 6 in the bulk of their folid heaps of fat. The daughter of Tyndarus too, 232. Helen, wept, when Ihe beheld in the glafs the wrinkles of an old woman upon her face, and h en- quires with herfelf, why (lie was twice Role. Thou time, a devourer of things, and thou envious an- tiquity, dcftroy all things ; and by a flow death confume all impaired infenlibly by the teeth of age. Thefe things too which we call elements, do not continue in the fame Rate ; and ‘what force they have, give your, attention, and I; will inform you.. IV. The eternal world contains in it four * bo- dies k productive of the ref. Of thefe two are hea- vy, and are born down by their weight into the loweR place, that it,Earth and Water; and juR fo niany were want weight : and there being nothing to keep them down, they mount on high, that is, the Air, and theFire more pure than the Air. Which four elements, tho' they be 1 feparated by their places, yet all things are made out of them, and fall into them again. And the earth being d'lfolved n‘ drops 245 into liquid water ; and the n moiRure being refin- ed, 0 palfes into wind and air. dnd the thin air too again, when its weight is taken off, fprings up into the fire above. From thence they return back again, and the fame order is f unravelled. For NOTES. c Old age that'terminates in death. i £This Milon was a flrong man of'Croton, who flew an ox with his fill, and carried it on his Ihouldcrs a furlong without breathing.] ' Withered. f Lank and flaggy, e For the bigneft and firmnefs of their brawny mufcles. 11 She wonders with herfelf. ‘ What changes they undergo. k k Original bodies. Of which all things are generated, or compounded 1 Have each their proper regions. “Melts. B Water rarified. “Evaporates. P In- verted^ that is, by a contrary order they gradually fall back into the i88 METAMORPH. 2JO For fire condenfed ^ pafles into thick air ; this into water : and earth is made of thickened water. Nor does the form of any one thing remain long unchanged : and nature, r the reformer of things, £ makes again fome figures out of others. Nor (be- lieve me) is any thing lod in fo great a world ; but only alters, and changes its appearance: and/cr a thing to begin to be another thing than what it was before, is called ‘being born, or produced; and to ccafe to be the fame thing, is called 11 dying. When perhaps * thofe things are only tranflated hither, and thefc things thither: yet x all things in the main, or as to the Juhjlance of them, continue. In- deed I * believe, nothing remains long under the fame appearance. So ye ages came from gold to 260 iron. So haft thou, the fortune of places, been fo often changed. I have feen that, which had been formerly folid earth, to be a fea. I have feen lands made of fea; and fea-fhells lye at a great 265 diftance from the fea. And an old anchor has been found on the tops of mountains ; and what was a plain field, z a current of waters has made a valley ; and a mountain has been fetched down a by a flood into the fea : and from a moiihyground moift earth becomes parched with dry fands ; and /j/tfeex that had fuffered b third:, c are now wet, be- ing covered with Handing waters. Here nature has thrown out new fprings ; but there again fhe has fhutthemup: and many a rivers have burlt out by old earth-quakes, or vanifhed and funk. XLIII. Now NOTES. ftate they were in before, s Is changed into (becomes) grofs air. r That condantly changes the face of things. f Out of old figures raifts up new ones. 1 To be born. 11 To die. * The particles of that body are transferred to this ; and the particles of this body again are transferred to that. x The fum total continues always the fame. >' Have reafon to believe. z Defcending floods. a By torrents con- tinually walhing it away. bDrought. ‘Become a morals a sinti- giiis concujj'a tremoribiis orhis flumbiaprofiliur.t; nut excacata fcjulunt. Rivers ilTiie forth, being forced from their former channels (diverted from their fubterranneous paflages) by earthquakes long ago; or being flopped B O O K XV. Fab. XLIII. 189 XLIII. Now too the report is, that 'Trojan 431 Rome is riling, which clofe by the waters of the Tybris, that rifes out of the Apennine mountain, lays the foundations of her ftate un- der a huge mafs. She therefore changes her form by growing, and will be the f head of the huge world. So they fay the prophets give out, and the 435 2 fate-finging oracles : and, as I remember, Hcle- nus the fon of Priam faid the fame to 11 Aineas weep- ing, and doubtful of his fafety, when the Trojan ftate lunk : Son of a Goddefs, if you have well underilood the prefages of my mind, all Troy will not fall, while you are fafe. The flame and the 441 fword will give a w'ay for you: you fhall go, and carry plundered Troy off with you ; till a foreign land fhall fall to your (hare, more favourable to Troy and you, than your country foil. And I now fee the ‘ pofterity of the Phrygians owe the world a city fo great as neither is, nor will be, nor has been feen in former years- This other great 44^ men will render powerful for many ages ; but k ojte fprung from the blood of 1 lulus, will make miftrefs of the \yorld : whom after the earth lhall have “ made ufe of, the Auherial regions fhall enjoy ; and heaven lhall be his end. I remember well in my mind, that Helenus foretold thefe things to .Eneas, that bore off his guardian Gods from Troy ; and I rejoice that the city of thofe my rela- tions is growing, and that the Greeks conquered much for the advantage of the Phrygians. But that I may not run out too far with my horfes, for- getting NOTES. flopped ( obftrufted ) in their courfe, fink down through the ground. • Feme the chief city of Italy, and formerly of the* whole world, was called Trojan or Dmilama, becaufe it was built by Romulus (firlt king of the Romans, delcended from the Trojans, who were cal- led Danlanidtc from Dardanns a Trojan king.] { Metropolis or chief city, a The oracles that foretel what is to come. [He was a Trojan prince, the fen of Anchifes and Venus. > Viz The Trojans. kI iz. Octavius Augulbus, the adopted fon of Julius Cafar. 1 iiilus or Afcanius was the fot; of dEneas ] 171 Jmployed.) 190 META MORPH. getting to make to the goal; 1 fay Heaven, and whatfoever is under it, change their forms; and the Earth too, and whatfoever is in it : and we too, a part of the world (lince we are not bodies only, but fwift fouls too, and may pafs into the habitar- tions, i. e. bodies, of wild beads, and be lodged in the breads of cattle) let us differ bodies which may have in them the fouls of our parents, or brothers, or of thofe joined by dome alliance or other to us, or of other men however, to be fade and unviolat- ed ; and -let us not cram our guts with " Thyedian 463 viiftuals. How ill a cudom-does he ufe himfelf to, how does he impioudy prepare himfelf for human blood, who cuts the throat of a calf with a knife,. 466 and gives his ears unmoved to its lowings ! Or who can kill a kid uttering cries like thofe of chil- dren, or feed upon birds, to whom he himfelf has given meat! What great matter is wanting in kil- ling thofe creatures, to a compleat wickcdnefs ! "Whither is a padage prepared by that means ! 470 Let the ox plow, or impute his death to his elder years. Let the fheep furnidi us with a defence againd the cold Boreas. Let the full fhe-goats give their dugs to b fqueezed with our hands. Take away your nets, with fnares, and l’ fnickles, and deceivmg arts : and trepan not the poor birds with twigs daubed with bird-lime : and do not in- clofe deer within the dreaded lines hung with fea- thers ; nor cover crooked hooks with deceitful baits. Dedroy them, if any of them hurt you; but then dedroy them orslv. Let your mouths be free from fuch meats, and lei them take food agree- able to them. XLIV. They NOTES. 11 [Thyeftes was the font of Pelops and Hippodamia, and the brother of Atreus, who/e wife Thyeftes having debauched and begotten three tons of her ; Atreus, to requite h:s brother, invited h m to dinner; and having flam the to three childieE, d relied them and ferved them up to him, and is (aid to have mixed his drink with their olood.] 0 To which {viz. compleat wickedneft) ’tis eafy for men to arrive from tiiefe things, that is, by (laying of beads. <’ Traps, or Gins, BOOK XV. Fab. XLIV. 191 XLIV. They tell yon, that 0 Nama returned into his own country, with his bread, /. e. mind., furnifhed with thefe, and other fuch like inftruc- tions ; and being courted for the purpofe, received the government of the r people of f Latium. Who 1>eing happy in a nymph for a wife, and the mufes for his guides, taught them the rites of facrifice, and brought over a people accudomed to cruel war, to the arts of peace. Which Numa, after being 48; mow old, he had finidied his reign and life, the Latian ladies, and the people, and fathers of the fenate, lamented him, when dead. For his wife, leaving the city, lies hid in the thick woods of the valley of 1 Aricia, and difturbs the facred rites of the 11 Oredean Diana, by her groans and complaints. Ah, how often did the nymphs of the grove and the lake, advife her not to do fo, and faid com- forting words to her ! Ah, how often did the The- feian hero * Hippolytus, fay to her, weeping, Make an end of your mourning: for your fortune is not alone to be complained of. Confider the like mif- fortunes of other people, and you will bear thole of your own more eafily ; and I wilh not my ex- ample could relieve you under your grief! but mine too can do it. NOTES. s [ Numa Pompilras was the lecond king of the Romans, who In- ftituted facred rites by the appointment (as he faid) of the Goddcls Nigeria, whom Ovid makes his wife, and fays that fhe was turned into a fountain, r That is the Romans. f A country of Italy; properly that part of k, call’d Campania di Roma. ' Aricia, a town of Latium, built by Hippolytus, ten miles from Rome, and called after his wife’s name, and confecrated to Diana. u Diana is here called Q- reftean .either from her inhabiting the mountains, or from Oreftes (the ion of Agamemnon) who tranllated her image and facred rites from Tauricd Cherfonefus (now the lefTer Tartary) to Aricia. * He was the fon of Thefeus and Hippolyte, and was tom in pieces by his chariot horfes, as he fled when he was accufcd of adultery by his ftepmother Thoedra, whole follicitations he refufed. But iEfculapius, at the re- queft of Diana, raifed him to life; and then he went into Italy, and call’d himfelf Virbius. 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