Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences Number 14 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE
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'^ •^-Sfc-dSh,, The Freshwater Fishes of Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia) The Freshwater Fishes of Western Borneo (KaUmantan Barat, Indonesia) By Tyson R. Roberts Published by California Academy of Sciences ^i^ ^^^ San Francisco 1989 Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences Number 14 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE: Daphne Fautin, Scientific Editor Frank Almeda Luis Baptista Wojciech Pulawski Frank Talbot Sheridan Warrick Date submitted for publication: November 29, 1984 Date accepted for publication: July 23, 1985 Published by the California Academy of Sciences. Copyright ici 1989 by California Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, included photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 88-70981 ISBN 0-940228-21-1 Cover Illustration: Acantophthalinus superbus The Freshwater Fishes of Western Borneo (KaUmantan Barat, Indonesia) By Tyson R. Roberts Department of [chlhyolog): California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. California 94118 Table of Contents Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Acknowledgments 3 History of East Indian ichthyology, with particular reference to freshwater fishes of Borneo 4 Reproductive adaptations in freshwater fishes of Borneo 10 Collecting localities of the 1976 Kapuas ichthyological survey 13 Systematic Account 20 Dasyatidae 22 Himantura 22 Himantura signifer 23 Osteoglossidae 23 Scleropages 23 Scleropages formosus 23 Notopteridae 24 Notopteriis 24 Notopterus borneensis 24 Clupeidae 24 Clupeichthys 24 Clupeichthys bleekeri 24 Clupeoides - 25 Clitpeoides hypselosoma 25 Engraulidae 25 Lycolhnssa 26 Lycothrissa crocodilus 26 Setipinna 26 Setipinna melanochu\ 26 Sundasalangidae 27 Sitndasalanx 27 Sundasalanx microps 27 Sundasalanx sp. undet 27 Cyprinidae 27 Albulichlhys 27 Albulichthys albuloides 28 Amblyrhyncluchthys 28 Amblyrltynchichthys Iruncatus 29 Balantiocheilos 29 Balantiocheilos melanopterus 29 Barbichthys 29 Barbichthys laevis 30 Barilius 30 Barilius borneensis new species 30 Chela 31 Chela maassi 31 Cosinochihis 31 Cosmochiliis falcifer 31 Crossocheilus 32 Crossocheilns cobilis - 32 Crossocheilus oblongus 32 Crossocheilus sp. undet 32 Cyclocheilichthys - 33 Cyclocheilichthys apogon - 35 Cyclocheilichthys annatus 35 Cyclocheilichthys enoplos ~ 35 Cyclocheilichthys heleronema 36 Cyclocheilichthys janthochir 36 Cyclocheilichthys niicrolepis 36 Cyclocheilichthys repasson 36 Dangila 36 Dangila cuvieri 38 Dcingila fasciata 38 Dangila festiva 38 Dangila lineata 38 Dangila ocellala 38 Eirmotus 38 Eirmotus octozona - 38 Epalzeorhynchos - 38 Epalzeorhynchos kalopterum 39 Garra 40 Garra horneensis 40 Hampala 40 Hainpala himaculata 40 Hampala macrolepidota - 40 Kaliinantania 40 Kalimantania lawak 40 Lcpiobarhus 41 Leptobarbus hoeveuii 41 Lepioharbus melanopterus - 41 Lobocheilos 41 Lobocheilos bo 41 Lobocheilos hispidiis 41 Luciosoma 42 Luciosoma setigeruni - 43 Luciosoma spilopleiira 43 Luciosoma trinema 44 Macrochirichthys 44 Macrochinchthys inacrochirus 44 Morulius 45 Morulius chrysophekadion 45 Mystacoleucus 45 Mystacoleiicus margmatus 45 Osteochilus 45 Osteochilus borneensis 47 Osteochilus enneaporus 47 Osteochilus hasselti 48 Osteochilus intermedins 48 Osteochilus kahajanensis 49 Osteochilus kappeiui - 49 Osteochilus niclanopleurus 50 Osteochilus nucrocephalus 52 Osteochilus pleurotaenia 52 Osteochilus schlegeli 52 Osteochilus spilurus 53 Osteochilus triporos 54 Osteochilus waandersii 54 O.xygaster 55 Oxygaster hypophiiialnnis 55 Oxygaster oxygaster 56 Oxygaster oxygastroides 57 Paracwssochilus 57 Paracrossochilus acenis 57 Oaracrossochihts vitiatis 57 Pectenocypris 57 Pectenocypris balaena new species 58 Puntioplites 59 Pimtioplites bulit 60 Puntioplites waandersi 60 Puntius 60 Puntius anchisponis 60 Puntius binotatus 60 Puntius bramoides 61 Puntius collingwoodii 62 Puntius endecanalis new species 62 Puntius eugrammus 64 Puntius everetti 64 Puntius lateristriga 65 Puntius lineatus 65 Puntius pentazona 65 Puntius rhotnboocellatus 65 Puntius schwanenfeldii 66 Rasbora 66 Rasbora agilis 66 Rasbora argywtacnia 67 Rasbora axebvdi 67 Rasbora bankancnsis 70 Rasbora beauforii sp. inq 71 Rasbora borneensis 71 Rasbora brittani 72 Rasbora caudiniaculata 72 Rasbora cephalotaenia 72 Rasbora dorsioccllata 73 Rasbora dusonensis 73 Rasbora einthovenii 73 Rasbora elegans 73 Rasbora ennealepis new species 74 Rasbora kalochroma 74 Rasbora myersi 74 Rasbora paiiciperforata 74 Rasbora sarawakensis 75 Rasbora subtilis new species 75 Rasbora trilineata 76 Rasbora voizi 77 Rasbora sp. undet 77 Rasborichlhys 77 Rasbortchthys hdfrichii 78 Rohteicluhys 78 Rohteichlhys microlepis 78 Schismatorhynchos 79 Schismaiorhynchos heterorhynchos 79 Thryssocypris 79 Thryssocypris smaragdinus 79 Thynnichthys 80 Thynnichtliys polylcpis 80 Thynnichthys thynnoides 80 ' Tor __ 80 TorcC. tanibra 80 Tor tambroides 81 Gyrinocheilidae 81 Gyrinocheilus 81 Gynnocheilus pustulosus 81 Homalopteridae 81 Gastroi>iy:o)i 85 Gaslroniyzon conlractus 86 Gastwmyzon fasciatus 86 Gastromyzon Icpidogaster 87 Gastromyzon ridens 88 Hoinaloptera 88 Homaloptera nebulosa 88 llomaloptera ogllviei 89 Homaloptera ophiolepis 89 Homaloptera orthogoniata 89 Homaloptera cf stephensoni 90 Homaloptera tweediei 90 Homaloptera zollingeri 91 Hypergaslromyzon new genus 91 Hypergasiromyzon humilis new species 92 Neogastromyzon 93 Neogastromyzon nieuwenhuisii 93 Neohomaloptera 93 Neohomalopterajohorensis 94 Cobitidae 94 Acanthopsoides 94 Acanthopsoides gracilis 94 Acautophlhalmus 95 Acaiuophthalmus angnillaris 95 Acautophlhalmus oblongus 97 Acantophihatmus semiclndiis 98 Acantophlhatmus shclfordi 98 Acantophlhalmus sitperhus new species 98 Acanlopsis 99 Acantopsis choirorhynchos 99 Barbucca new genus 100 Barbucca diabolica new species 100 Botia 101 Botia hymenophysa 101 Bolia macracantha 102 Bona reversa new species 102 Elloposloma 103 Ellopostoma tnegalomycter 103 Lepidocephalichihys 103 Lepidocephalichthys hasselti 103 Lepidocephaluhthys lorcutzi 104 Lepidocephalichthys pristes new species 105 Lepidocephaliis 106 Lcpidocephaliis macrochir 106 Lepidocephaliis spectrum new species - 106 Nemacheilus 106 Nemacheilus kapuasensis 107 Nemacheilus lactogencus new species 107 Nemacheilus cf longipectoralis 108 Nemacheilus maculiceps new species 108 Nemacheilus saravacensis 108 Nemacheilus selangoricus 109 Vaillantella 109 Vaillantella euepiptera 109 \ aillantella maassi 109 Ariidae 110 Anus 110 1 Anus melanochir 1 10 Arius stormi 110 Hemipimelodus 1 10 Hemipimelodus borneensis 1 11 Bagndae 1 11 Bagrichthys 11 Bagrichthys hypselopterus 1 12 Bagrichthys macwptenis 1 14 Bagrichthys nucranodus new species 115 Bagroides 115 Bagroides melapterus 1 15 Leiocassis 1 16 Leiocassis arniatus 1 17 Leiocassis micropogon 117 Leiocassis myersi new species 1 17 Leiocassis vaillanli 120 Leiocassis sp. undet 120 Mystus 120 Mystus micracanthus 120 Mystus nemurus 121 Mystus nigriceps 122 Mystus olyroides new species 124 Mystus wolffii 126 Mystus wyckii 126 Pelteobagrus 126 Peheobagrus ornatus 126 Clariidae 127 Clarias 127 Glorias cf batrachus 127 Clarias leiacanthus 127 Clarias meladerma 127 Clarias meuhofi 128 Clarias teysmanni 128 Encheloclarias 128 Encheloclarias tapeinopterus 128 Schilbeidae 128 Pseudeutropius 128 Pseiideiitropius brachypopterus 129 Pseudeutropius moolenburghae 129 Pangasiidae 130 Laides 131 Laides hexanema 131 Pangasius 131 Pangasiits humeralis new species 131 Pangasius hthostoma new species 132 Pangasius micronema 132 Pangasius nasutus 133 Pangasius polyuranodon 133 Sisoridae 133 Bagarius 133 Bagarius yarrelli 133 Glyptothorax 134 Glyptothorax major 134 Glyptothorax platypogon 135 Glyptothorax platypogonoides 136 Akysidae 136 Acrochordonichthys 137 Acrochordonichthys chamaleon 137 Acrochordonichthys cf. melanogaster 138 Akysis 138 Akysis p.sciidobagarius new species 138 Breitensteinia 140 Brcitcnstcinia cf insignis 140 Parakysidae new tamily 141 Parakysis 142 Purakysis anomalopteryx new species 142 Chacidae 143 Chaca _ 143 Chaca bankanemis. 143 Siluridae 143 Bclodontichihys 144 BelocJonlichtliys duicina 144 Ceratoglanis 144 Ceraioglanis sclcroneiiia 144 Hemisilurm 145 Hemisilurus hetewrhynchos 145 Hemisilums moolenburghi 145 Kryptoplcnis 145 Kryptopterus apogon 145 Kryplopterus bicirrhis 147 Kryptopterus cryptoplerus 147 Kryplopterus lais 147 Kryplopterus limpok _ 147 Kryplopterus macrocephalus 147 Kryplopterus nucroneina 149 Kryplopterus nunor new species 149 Kryplopterus schilbeules 150 Kryplopterus sp. undet 150 Ompok 150 Onipok eugeneiaius 150 Ompok hypophthalinus 150 Ompok subcinus 151 Ompok weberi 151 Siluruiilhys 151 Silunehlhys hasselli 151 Sihiriehthys phaiosoma 151 Silwichthys sanguineus new species 151 W'allago ' 151 IS'allago leerii ___ _ _ _ 152 Belonidae 152 Xeneniodon 152 Xeneniodon canciloides 153 Hemiramphidae 153 Der))utgenys __ _.._ _ _ __ _ 154 Dermogenys cT piisilhis 154 Heniirhumpliodon 154 Ilemirhainphihlon phaiosoma 155 Uemnhamphodoii pogonognalhus 155 Uemniiainphodon sp. undet 158 Syngnaihidae 158 Doryichlhys 158 Doryiehthys boaja 159 Doryichlhys deokhatoides 159 Doryiehthys heterosoma 159 Doryiehthys mariensii 159 Chandidae ' 159 Gymnoehanda 159 Gyninochanda hhimenlosa 160 Paradoxodacna new genus - 1 60 Farado.xodaena piratiea new species 160 Parambassis _ 161 Parambassis apogonoides 161 Parambassis macwlepis 162 Parambassis woljfii 162 Nandidae 164 Nandus 164 Nandus nebulosus 164 Datnioididae 164 Dalmoides