MARLAP Manual Volume II: Chapter 13, Sample Dissolution (Pdf)
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Colloidal Goldgold
ColloidalColloidal GoldGold Markus Niederberger Email: [email protected] 22.11.2006 OutlineOutline 1) Definition 2) History 3) Synthesis 4) Chemical and Physical Properties 5) Applications 6) References DefinitionDefinition Colloidal gold: Stable suspension of sub-micrometer- sized particles of gold in a liquid ShortShort HistoryHistory ofof GoldGold 4000 B.C.: A culture in Eastern Europe begins to use gold to fashion decorative objects 2500 B.C.: Gold jewelry was found in the Tomb of Djer, king of the First Egyptian Dynasty 1200 B.C.: The Egyptians master the art of beating gold into leaf as well as alloying it with other metals for hardness and color variations 1091 B.C.: Little squares of gold are used in China as a form of money 300 B.C.: Greeks and Jews of ancient Alexandria start to practice Alchemy, the quest of turning base metals into gold 200 B.C.: The Romans gain access to the gold mining region of Spain 50 B.C.: The Romans begin issuing a gold coin called the Aureus 1284 A.D.: Venice introduces the gold Ducat, which soon becomes the most popular coin in the world Source: National Mining Association, Washington HistoryHistory ofof GoldGold ColloidsColloids andand theirtheir ApplicationApplication History: Gold in Medicine Humankind has linked the lustre of gold with the warm, life-giving light of the sun. In cultures, which deified the sun, gold represented its earthly form. The earliest records of the use of gold for medicinal and healing purposes come from Alexandria, Egypt. Over 5000 years ago the Egyptians ingested gold for mental and bodily purification. -
A History of Iridium OVERCOMING the DIFFICULTIES of MELTING and FABRICATION by L
A History of Iridium OVERCOMING THE DIFFICULTIES OF MELTING AND FABRICATION By L. B. Hunt The Johnson Matthey Group The use in unmanned space craft of iridium to encapsulate the radio- isotope thermoelectric generators, where temperatures of up to 20OO0C have to be withstood over several years of operation, with possible impact velocities of 90 metres per second, has focused greater attention on the remarkable properties of this member of the platinum group of metals. But these same properties of very high melting point and great mechanical strength have been the cause of difficulties in its melting and fabrication over a long period of years. How these problems were tackled and eventually overcome is described in this article. One of the less well-known members of the For some fifty years after the discovery of platinum group, iridium possesses quite platinum in South America and the early remarkable chemical and physical properties. It investigations of its properties by a number of is not only the most resistant of all metals to English, French, German and Swedish scien- corrosion, insoluble in all mineral acids in- tists, it was not realised that the native platinum cluding aqua regia and unattacked by other they were examining also contained other molten metals or by silicates at high tem- elements. The first to recognise that a small in- peratures, but has a very high melting point soluble residue survived the dissolution of and is the only metal to maintain good native platinum in aqua regia was the French mechanical properties in air at temperatures chemist Joseph Louis Proust, working for a above 1600OC.Its great stability can be gauged time in Madrid under the patronage of King from its physical properties, outlined in the Carlos IV, but he failed to grasp that other Table. -
Material Safety Data Sheet AQUA REGIA, 2-1-5 (NITRIC 20%/HCL 5%)
2290 Avenue A, Bethlehem, PA 18017 Effective Date: 4/16/2010 NON-EMERGENCY TELEPHONE 24-HOUR CHEMTREC EMERGENCY TELEPHONE 610-866-4225 800-424-9300 Material Safety Data Sheet AQUA REGIA, 2-1-5 (NITRIC 20%/HCL 5%) 1. Product Identification: MIXED ACID CONTAINING NITRIC ACID AND HYDROCHLORIC ACID Synonyms: None CAS No: N/A Molecular Weight: N/A Chemical Formula: N/A 2. Composition/Information on Ingredients Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous Nitric Acid 7697-37-2 1 - 25% Yes Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 1 – 10% Yes Water 7732-18-5 65 - 98% No 3. Hazards Identification Emergency Overview POISON! DANGER! CORROSIVE! CORROSIVE. LIQUID AND MIST CAUSE SEVERE BURNS TO ALL BODY TISSUE. MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. INHALATION MAY CAUSE LUNG AND TOOTH DAMAGE. Potential Health Effects Nitric acid is extremely hazardous; it is a corrosive and a poison. In concentrated solutions it is an oxidizer. Hydrochloric acid is a corrosive. Mixtures of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid may form aqua regia releasing toxic nitrosyl chloride (yellow to reddish-brown) gas. Inhalation: Corrosive! Inhalation of vapors can cause breathing difficulties and lead to pneumonia and pulmonary edema, which may be fatal. Other symptoms may include coughing, choking, and irritation of the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. Ingestion: 1 Corrosive! Swallowing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid can cause immediate pain and burns of the mouth, throat, esophagus and gastrointestinal tract. Skin Contact: Corrosive! Can cause redness, pain, and severe skin burns. Concentrated solutions cause deep ulcers and stain skin a yellow or yellow-brown color. Eye Contact: Corrosive! Vapors are irritating and may cause damage to the eyes. -
DRY ACID Safety Data Sheet (SDS No
Safety Data Sheet (SDS No. 207) HASA DRY ACID HASA DRY ACID Safety Data Sheet Emergency 24 Hour Telephone: CHEMTREC 800.424.9300 Corporate Headquarters: Hasa Inc. P. O. Box 802736 Santa Clarita, CA 91355 Telephone 661.259.5848 Fax 661.259.1538 SECTION 1: CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION 1.1 Product Identification: 1.1.1 Product Name: HASA DRY ACID 1.1.2 CAS # : (Chemical Abstract Service) 7681-38-1 1.1.3 RTECS : (Registry of Toxic Effects VZ1860000 of Chemical Substances) 1.1.4 EINECS : (European Inventory of 231-665-7 Existing Commercial Substances) 1.1.5 Chemical Name: Sodium bisulfate 1.1.6 Chemical Formula: NaHSO 4 1.1.7 Chemical Family: Inorganic acid salt 1.1.8 Synonym: Sodium Acid Sulfate, Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate, Sodium Pyrosulfate. 1.2 Recommended Uses: It is used primarily to lower the pH of water for effective chlorination, including swimming pools and spas. 1.3 Company Identification: Hasa Inc. P. O. Box 802736 Santa Clarita, CA 91355 1.4 Emergency Assistance: CHEMTREC : 1-800-424-9300 (24 Hour Emergency Telephone) 1.5 Non -Emergency Assistance : 661-259-5848 (8 AM – 5 PM PST / PDT) Revision Date: 01/01/2015 (Supersedes previous revisions) Page 1 of 9 SECTION 2: HAZARD(S) IDENTIFICATION Safety Data Sheet (SDS No. 207) HASA DRY ACID Hazard Category Skin corrosion / irritation: Category 1 Acute Toxicity (oral): Category 4 Acute Toxicity (inhalation): Category 4 Symbol Signal Word DANGER Haza rd Statements Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Harmful if inhaled. Harmful if swallowed. Precautionary Prevention Statements Do not breathe dusts or mists. -
Purification Method of Pemetrexed Salts,Sodium Salts and Disodium Salts
(19) & (11) EP 2 213 674 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 04.08.2010 Bulletin 2010/31 C07D 487/04 (2006.01) A61K 31/519 (2006.01) A61P 35/00 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 08844190.2 (86) International application number: (22) Date of filing: 21.10.2008 PCT/CN2008/072758 (87) International publication number: WO 2009/056029 (07.05.2009 Gazette 2009/19) (84) Designated Contracting States: • LIN, Meng AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR Chongqing 400061 (CN) HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT • LIN, Bo RO SE SI SK TR Chongqing 400061 (CN) Designated Extension States: • YE, Wenrun AL BA MK RS Chongqing 400061 (CN) • QIN, Yongmei (30) Priority: 24.10.2007 CN 200710092879 Chongqing 400061 (CN) •DENG,Jie (71) Applicant: Chongqing Pharmaceutical Chongqing 400061 (CN) Research Institute Co., Ltd. Chongqing 400-061 (CN) (74) Representative: Epping - Hermann - Fischer Patentanwaltsgesellschaft mbH (72) Inventors: Ridlerstrasse 55 •LUO,Jie 80339 München (DE) Chongqing 400061 (CN) (54) PURIFICATION METHOD OF PEMETREXED SALTS,SODIUM SALTS AND DISODIUM SALTS + + (57) A method of purifying a salt of pemetrexed have a structure of formula (III) by salting-out, wherein if M 3 is H , + + + + + + + + + + then each of M1 and M2 is independently H , Li , Na or K , provided that both of them are not H ; if M3 is Li , Na + + + + + + or K , then each of M1 and M2 is independently Li , Na or K . -
The Following List Contains the Material Safety Data Sheets You Requested
The following list contains the Material Safety Data Sheets you requested. Please scoll down to view the requested MSDS(s). Product MSDS Distributor Format Language Quantity 2882200 2802299 Hach Company OSHA English 1 2882200 2877336 Hach C ompany OSHA English 1 2882200 2105669 Hach Company OSHA English 1 2882200 2107169 Hach Company OSHA English 1 2882200 1406499 Hach Company OSHA English 1 ____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ Total Enclosures: 5 World Headquarters Hach Company P.O.Box 389 MSDS No: M01921 Loveland, CO USA 80539 (970) 669 -3050 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET _________________________________________________________________________ ____ 1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Name: Monochlor F TM Reagent Catalog Number: 2802299 Hach Company Emergency Telephone Numbers: P.O.Box 389 (Medical and Transportation) Loveland, CO USA 80539 (303) 623 -5716 24 Hour Service (970) 669 -3050 (515)232 -2533 8am - 4pm CST MSDS Number: M01921 Chemical Name: Not applicable CAS No.: Not applicable Chemical Formula: Not applicable Chemical Family: Not applicable Hazard: Harmful if swallowed Causes burns. Date of MSDS Pre paration: Day: 09 Month: March Year: 2010 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Sodium Tartrate CAS No.: 6106 -24 -7 TSCA CAS Number: 868 -18 -8 Percent Range: < 30 Percent Range Units: weight / weight LD50: Oral rabbit LD50 = 5290 mg/kg LC50: None reported TLV: Not established PEL: Not established Hazard: May cause irritation. Sodium Nitroferricyanide CAS No.: 14402 -89 -2 TSCA CAS Number: 14402 -89 -2 Percent Range: < 5.0 Percent Range Units: weight / weight LD50: Oral rat LD 50 = 99 mg/kg (anhydrous). LC50: None reported. TLV: 5 mg/m³ as CN¯ PEL: 5 mg/m³ as CN¯ Hazard: Toxic. -
Analysis of Dental Gold Alloys
S532 ANALYSIS OF DENTAL GOLD ALLOYS By William H. Swanger AESTRACT Complete chemical analyses of about 40 dental gold alloys were made as part of the investigation of their physical properties. These analyses required the determination of silver, gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, rhodium, copper, zinc, nickel, tin, manganese, iron, and magnesium. Methods as found in the literature for the determination of the above-named metals were modified so as to give accurate results when applied to alloys of this type. New methods were developed for the determination of tin and iridium. Many analyses of mixtures of known composition are given to show the degree of accuracy of the methods used. These methods are assembled in a detailed procedure for the complete analysis of dental gold alloys. The composition of 13 typical alloys is given in a table. CONTENTS Page I. Introduction 210 II. Sampling 210 III. Reagents 211 IV. Qualitative examination 212 1. Detection of silver and iridium 212 2. Detection of tin and iron 213 3. Detection of gold 214 4. Detection of copper 214 5. Detection of platinum, palladium, and rhodium 215 6. Detection of nickel, manganese, zinc, and magnesium 216 V. Determination of silver 217 VI. Determination of iridium 218 VII. Determination of tin 221 VIII. Determination of gold ' 225 IX. Determination of palladium 228 X. Determination of copper 229 XI. Determination of platinum 231 XII. Determination of rhodium 233 XIII. Determination of zinc 234 XIV. Determination of nickel 235 XV. Determination of manganese 236 XVI. Determination of iron 237 XVII. Determination of magnesium 237 XVIII. Results of analyses of a number of alloys 238 XIX. -
Standard Operating Guidelines for Using Aqua Regia
Standard Operating Guidelines for Using Aqua Regia These are guidelines to be adopted by lab personnel to facilitate the creation of a standard operating procedure for the lab. Keep a copy in the lab safety notebook. Section 1: Composition Hydrochloric Acid (67%) Nitric Acid (33%) Aqua regia is a mixture of 3:1 concentrated hydrochloric acid to concentrated nitric acid. It can be yellow to orange in color when initially made but will fade as the solution degrades. It can be used to dissolve precious metals and to remove trace amounts of metals or organic material from glassware. The reaction of the acids yields nitrosyl chloride (NOCl), chlorine (Cl2), and water. Section 2: Potential Hazards Highly corrosive Strong oxidizer – can initiate or promote combustion in other materials. Through oxidation over time, toxic gases will be generated. Overpressure explosion hazard – do NOT tightly cap bottle while the reaction continues Eye contact: can cause serious and permanent eye injury. Skin contact: can cause burns that can be deep and poor in healing. Ingestion: can cause serious burns and perforation of the stomach. Inhalation: can cause burns in the lungs and respiratory tract, which can be delayed. Can cause pulmonary edema (collection of fluids in the lungs). Section 3: Engineering Controls and Special Handling Procedures Aqua regia should only be used in a fume hood empty of other reagents. An eyewash and safety shower must be available in the immediate work area. A spill kit must be available in the immediate work area. Only use glass containers, and make sure there are clear, obvious labels. -
Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride -
SMALL-SCALE SYNTHESIS of LABORATORY REAGENTS with Reaction Modeling
SMALL-SCALE SYNTHESIS of LABORATORY REAGENTS with Reaction Modeling © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC SMALL-SCALE SYNTHESIS of LABORATORY REAGENTS with Reaction Modeling LEONID LERNER Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4398-1312-6 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the con- sequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and record- ing, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. -
Aqua Regia Is a Mixture of Concentrated Nitric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid Most Commonly Used to Remove Trace Metals and TRACE Organic Materials from Glassware
Laboratory Safety Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) (For the use of hazardous materials or equipment) NAME OF PROCEDURE: AQUA REGIA PREPARED BY: RACHAEL MATTHEWS REVISION DATE: 07/16/2018 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: 100 words or less, mass balanced equation, quantity limits Aqua Regia is a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid most commonly used to remove trace metals and TRACE organic materials from glassware. LOCATION – This procedure may be performed at the following location(s): Procedures are performed in fume hood only. HAZARDS – The materials and equipment associated with this procedure present the following exposure or physical health hazards. Safety precautions are prudent and mandatory (SDS of all chemicals referenced): -Aqua Regia is an oxidizer. Oxidizers are agents that initiate or promote combustion in other materials, generally through the release of oxygen. -Regia will oxidize over time to form toxic gases (nitrosyl chloride, nitrogen dioxide, and chlorine). The toxic gases formed as Aqua Regia oxidizes are also PHSs – nitrosyl chloride, nitrogen dioxide, and chlorine are all on the PHS list. Nitrosyl Chloride does not have a PEL or TLV. The PEL for nitrogen dioxide is 5 ppm (ceiling); the TLV is 3 ppm over 8 hours and 5 ppm for 15 minutes. The PEL for Chlorine gas is a 1 ppm (ceiling); the TLV is 0.5 ppm over 8 hours and 1 ppm for 15 minutes. -Aqua Regia solutions are extremely corrosive. Corrosive materials can cause destruction of living tissue by chemical action at the site of contact and can be solids, liquids, or gases. Corrosive effects can occur not only on the skin and eyes, but also in the respiratory tract and, in the case of ingestion, in the gastrointestinal tract as well. -
The Elements.Pdf
A Periodic Table of the Elements at Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory's Chemistry Division Presents Periodic Table of the Elements A Resource for Elementary, Middle School, and High School Students Click an element for more information: Group** Period 1 18 IA VIIIA 1A 8A 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 2 1 H IIA IIIA IVA VA VIAVIIA He 1.008 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne 6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 3 Na Mg IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB ------- VIII IB IIB Al Si P S Cl Ar 22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B ------- 1B 2B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95 ------- 8 ------- 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.47 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 5 Rb Sr Y Zr NbMo Tc Ru Rh PdAgCd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 6 Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt AuHg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 190.2 195.1 197.0 200.5 204.4 207.2 209.0 (210) (210) (222) 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116 118 7 Fr Ra Ac~RfDb Sg Bh Hs Mt --- --- --- --- --- --- (223) (226) (227) (257) (260) (263) (262) (265) (266) () () () () () () http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/ (1 of 3) [5/17/2001 4:06:20 PM] A Periodic Table of the Elements at Los Alamos National Laboratory 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Lanthanide Series* Ce Pr NdPmSm Eu Gd TbDyHo Er TmYbLu 140.1 140.9 144.2 (147) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Actinide Series~ Th Pa U Np Pu AmCmBk Cf Es FmMdNo Lr 232.0 (231) (238) (237) (242) (243) (247) (247) (249) (254) (253) (256) (254) (257) ** Groups are noted by 3 notation conventions.