Developing Light Rail

LIGHT RAIL INTEGRATION MARKET Busan Newcastle Metro cars South Korea’s rst modern A tram line is added to the e metro rolling stock tram line is taking shape new operator’s responsibilities market had a strong 2018 PAGE 18 PAGE 32 PAGE 38 www.metro-report.com Spring 2019 Developing light rail

Metro Report International | Spring 2019 3 CONTENTS

Volume 33 No 1 | Spring 2019 Thinking forwards

COMMENT ne light rail industry professional recently asserted that ‘it is obvious that the UK lags far behind many other nations in its 4 Reshaping urban mobility | Yves Amsler reflects on the lack of forward thinking when it comes to city transport’. Many role of urban rail in a changing market would disagree with this assessment, not least those who are workingO in the city transport sector today. DIGEST London is generally seen as the reference for account-based contactless ticketing, which was introduced on the TfL network in 2014 to comple- ment the Oyster card. Its rapid adoption in cities around the world makes 6 City Digest | Manila, Istanbul, UK trams, Luxembourg, Berlin, New York this seem like a very forward-thinking move indeed: where London led, others are following. Innovation is not just on display in London. Last year, mobility as a ser- CITIES vice came to Birmingham in the form of the Whim multimodal app. is is certainly not the rst instance of MaaS — Whim started out by oering its 10 Beijing | As the Chinese capital grows, so does its service in Helsinki — but Birmingham is one of the few cities that is trying metro network this concept while it is still in its infancy. 13 China | Opening bonanza continues apace Initiatives like these are not exclusive to the UK, of course, but it is hard 16 China | Massive metro expansion schemes approved to make a case that the country ‘lags far behind’ in this respect. In any case, it is not always clear what constitutes ‘forward thinking’. Half a century ago, 18 Busan | South Korea’s second city chosen as testbed for who was seen as forward-thinking: the planner designing big roads for lots the country’s first modern tram line of private cars, or those arguing in favour of tram and metro expansion? 20 Douala | Tram network construction is expected to e claim suggested that tram developments in the UK compare unfa- start soon vourably with those in the USA. While light rail expansion in the UK has 22 India | The pace of metro development picks up slowed in recent years, other regions are arguably making more progress 26 Mexico City | Public transport investment is a priority than North America, where the recent spate of small-scale streetcar openings is unlikely to make a signicant dierence to modal split. Although 32 Newcastle | Transport network remodelling reaches these projects are welcome, it is dicult to see such small and infrequently next step with tram line inauguration run routes as the future, especially at a time of rapid development in an 34 Wien | Work starts on Austria’s first driverless metro line increasingly multi-modal urban mobility sector. Q

MARKET & TECHNOLOGY

38 Metro car orders | A strong year in the metro rolling stock market 44 Russia | Sharp contrasts in the fortunes of Russia’s seven ‘‘ metro networks ‘Where London 47 Additive Manufacturing | 3D printing is emerging as a commercially viable option for producing transport led, others are components following’ 48 Innovations | Illumination, passenger information, ticketing Karol Zemek DIARY Editor, Metro Report International [email protected] 50 Diary & Contact

Bonatrans’ wheelsets for the Moderus CONTACT US Gamma trams that Modertrans is supplying LIGHT RAIL INTEGRATION MARKET Busan Newcastle Metro cars Metro Report International, 6th Floor, Chancery House, South Korea’s rst modern A tram line is added to the e metro rolling stock tram line is being developed new operator’s responsibilities market had a strong 2018 to Pozna are PAGE 18 PAGE 32 PAGE 38 ń St Nicholas Way, Sutton, SM1 1JB, United Kingdom www.metro-report.com Spring 2019 characterised by several innovative features. Developing light rail Tel. +44 20 8652 5200 Fax +44 20 8652 5210 These include the [email protected] BONASILENCE®D noise ® absorber, the BONAXLE See p50 for full details induction hardened axle, and longitudinal pins on the outer circumference Annual subscription in USA $56. of the wheel centre that increase resistance Metro Report International is published twice a year by DVV Media International and distributed in the USA by SPDSW, 95 Aberdeen to rotation of the Road, York PA 17406. Periodicals postage paid at York PA. wheel centre relative to the tyre. US Postmaster: send address changes to Metro Report International, c/o PO Box 437, Emigsville PA 17318-0437.

MRIN_Spring19_p003.indd 3 18/04/2019 15:48:43 4 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International COMMENT Yves Amsler Reshaping urban mobility

UITP Senior Adviser Yves Amsler reﬂects on the role of urban rail in a changing market, and considers how automation and connectivity look set to disrupt traditional models of public transport provision.

rail. Recharging facilities in the city 24·5 m. Conversely, smaller and more will become increasingly important, as exible autonomous vehicles may en- private vehicles, from bicycles to cars, able the economical provision of public will need access to energy when parked transport at o-peak times. Once again, away from their usual base. Railway the relative advantage of rail over bus YVES AMSLER substations could thus become the an- will decrease. chor points of urban ‘electromobility’, Public transport providers will have Yves Amsler is Senior Advisor at UITP and and UITP’s third particularly if they can be integrated to adapt the way in which they organise party on various Shift2Rail research projects, notably into multimodal interchanges where the their operations. Conventional regular IT2RAIL and GOFAR in IP4. He has co-ordinated the public feeder modes connect with rail-based services will increasingly be limited to transport industry’s Spectrum User Group since 2010. trunk routes. the densest city areas and peak times, Radical changes to the structure of while exible ‘on-demand’ modes will operating costs will make energy con- become more common in the outskirts

ransport is changing. And This comment sumption a much more important pa- of cities and at quieter times. urban transport, both rail is based on rameter in the economic comparison e maintenance regime will also and road, is changing faster Yves Amsler’s between modes, as well as inuencing change, thanks to continuous monitor- contribution and more profoundly than to Volume 3 of vehicle design. In order to improve o- ing and early detection of equipment Twe have ever seen before. Global trends Rolling Stock peak frequencies while saving energy, it failures. Vehicles are already being in- in the Railway such as urbanisation, technical innova- System, edited will be necessary to adjust train lengths spected automatically when they enter tion and the imperatives of tackling by Reinhard by automatic coupling and uncoupling, or leave a depot. climate change are combining to trans- Christeller and Eric Fontanel. for example. form the services oered to city dwell- Personal connectivity ers, the way in which transport net- Automation reshaping services e near universalisation of personal works are organised and operated, and Automation looks set to trigger the connectivity is opening up new perspec- the kinds of vehicles that are needed. most profound upheavals in the provi- tives. Connected urban dwellers are al- Past experience has shown how the sion of public transport. Eliminating ready modifying their consumption of emergence of new technologies has drivers will reduce operating costs con- transport, favouring the emerging new shaped the evolution of railways over siderably, as stang is by far the most providers of on-demand services, both time, improving the productivity, at- expensive element today. at will in- private and shared. tractiveness and sustainability of the rail evitably pose challenges for operators, Internet-enabled individual-use (but mode. Today, factors such as electrica- authorities and unions, and we can perhaps no longer ‘private’) vehicles will tion, automation and the connectivity of be sure that the transition will not be become more comfortable and easy to people and systems are leading to new straightforward. use for all types of short and long jour- concepts of shared mobility, such as In terms of surface transport, auto- neys. Meanwhile, MaaS will facilitate Mobility as a Service. mation will enable ultra-precise guid- the shared use of vehicles, building If urban rail modes from metros and ance of vehicles, which will minimise on the concepts of carpooling, car- or Electric buses are suburban railways to trams and light rail reducing prospects the physical width of bus lanes and bike-sharing. are to remain attractive, their role must be for new trolleybus reduce the relative advantage of trams e current reference is Uber, which claried. Rail should be the backbone of networks and have and light rail. It may also facilitate the was initially created to provide individual helped to push the urban transport networks around which development of operation of road vehicles longer than passenger transport and has now diver- all other modes are articulated. But it will catenary-free trams. the current permitted maximum of sied into other services such as home be imperative for rail to oer commercial delivery as well as shared services such speeds and capacity that are clearly supe- as Uberpool. Today, private MaaS pro- rior to road alternatives, along with very viders are often seen as beneting from high levels of reliability, both to justify unfair competition with public trans- this priority and to minimise passenger port. But lower operating costs thanks exchange and transfer times. to automation should ensure a more secure role for public transport as part of a Electriﬁcation as the norm global approach to urban mobility. Electric traction has been a real- Taking a leaf from the Uber playbook, ity in urban rail for a very long time, automated public transport could be used but now it is set to become the norm. for freight, from the delivery in passen- e ability for electric buses to operate ger vehicles of packages ordered online without xed infrastructure has seen o to the deployment of dedicated vehicles prospects for new trolleybus networks such as a ‘cargo-tram’ or ‘cargo-bus’. and helped to push the development of e regulation of MaaS and its co- catenary-free trams. ordination with transport provided un- However, the electrication of other der public service obligations remain to modes still presents opportunities for be claried. e concept raises many Photo: Martyn Jandula/Shutterstock.com

MRIN_Spring19_p004-005.indd 4 18/04/2019 11:10:11 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 5 Yves Amsler COMMENT

other questions, too, notably around the safety of individuals and the protection of individual rights. ere will undoubt- edly be new responsibilities for organis- ing authorities. e long-term eects of new transport models on the development of cities and the distribution of activities are uncertain, but they will inevitably have a signicant impact on public transport and rail networks.

Questions and challenges In dense urban areas, the main challenge will still be to optimise the use of space for the movement and parking of vehicles. When it comes to individual or small group modes, how should we regu- late the stopping of vehicles so as not to re-create the widespread congestion caused by ‘informal transport’ in many emerging cities today? How should feeder services to urban and suburban stations be best organised? And where should spare vehicles be parked when they are not in use? For collective modes, notably railways, managing passenger ows at sta- Photo: Shutterstock.com tions will be essential to minimise dwell times, ensure high commercial speeds Bandwidth challenge and guarantee service regularity. Could Public transport operators are used we take advantage of automation by to arguing for physical priority in rela- adding passing facilities at some stations tion to other trac, and must continue ‘Automation‘‘ looks set to to enable the operation of direct or semi- to campaign for dedicated rights-of- fast services in addition to the all-station way where appropriate. But they must trigger the most profound services that predominate on metros to- also recognise that telecommunica- day? at could provide faster connections is the new space where they need upheavals in the provision tions between major hubs on long routes to ght for priority, as has already been or better serve lines with unbalanced recognised by automated metros. is of public transport’ trac volumes. Skipping stops need should be justied by the fact that not penalise travellers if the frequency a tram or bus has a passenger capac- is high enough. Overtaking tracks could ity many times greater than a private The safe operation securing priority use for automated also help to support the operation of vehicle. of driverless metro metros over individual modes, as all are trains has mostly cargo-carrying trams or trains. On behalf of the public transport sec- been achieved using now regarded as Intelligent Transport An increasingly important question tor, UITP has already started to tackle communication- Systems. for all modes will be how best to serve this specic challenge that has been based train control. Today, trams, light rail and buses are passengers with reduced mobility in the widely misunderstood. An increasingly largely managed without resorting to absence of a driver or attendant. And connected society requires the band- metro-type automation, but when all what about travellers with luggage? width to support automation and other road vehicles are fully automated they Another factor will be managing data transfer for both operator and pas- will need similar priority over general ows of passengers making connec- sengers. e allocation of new frequen- trac. However, nothing has been pro- tions, either because major ows in cy bands is currently the subject of composed to safeguard the needs of public dense areas require the management of plex and dicult negotiations between transport operators, and it seems that physical spaces, or because some form all potential users and the responsible in the future there will have to be more of temporal co-ordination is needed authorities at national, European and sharing of frequencies. between the trunk modes and feeder global levels. At the same time, the connectivity services at interchanges. e safe operation of driverless needs of passengers will increase expo- Operators must also address fare metro trains to date has mostly been nentially in the coming years. Passenger structures and the sale and validation achieved using communication-based data exchanges will compete for trans- of contactless ‘tickets’ for dierent cat- train control. CBTC relies on frequen- mission capacity with system-specic egories of users. is leads on to what cies in the 5·9 GHz spectrum reserved data ows, verbal communications be- relationship they should establish with for that purpose by national regulators. tween operating sta as well as things like CCTV security feeds. is must all be connected travellers, through social However, the automotive sector has Have networking and transactions, and what now requested access to the 5 875 to your say done without degrading quality or safety. services should be oered to customers 5 905 MHz frequency band, which has email us at And operators will have to consider the on board vehicles. And how do we ex- been prioritised at European level for editor@metro- impact on vehicle design and energy con- ploit those customer relationships in the ‘safety-related applications’. e CBTC report.com sumption of providing all the onboard fa- event of any operating incident? community is having a dicult time cilities demanded by passengers. Q

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which are being built by a joint venture PHILIPPINES of Shimizu Corp, Fujita Corp, Tak- enaka Civil Engineering Co and EEI Corp. e design-build contract signed in February also includes the tunnels on this section, as well as the depot. Groundbreakings Japan International Cooperation Agency is providing a loan of 365bn pesos, with an initial tranche worth 51·4bn pesos. and upgrades e two groundbreakings followed on from a ceremony on December 12 On the same day, DOTr invited ten- to mark the start of preparatory works ders by May 10 for three civil works for the Makati Subway project being packages on the long-planned rail link developed in the city southeast of cen- between Malolos and Clark Interna- tral Manila. tional Airport, which would form the Due to open in 2023, this 10 km northern section of the corridor. Run- underground metro line will serve 10 ning for 50·5 km with three stations, this stations including an interchange with phase is now to be elevated throughout. Manila metro Line 3. It is being devel- e three packages cover 17 km, 16 km oped under a 30-year PPP concession, and 12 km sections of viaduct with two, with a consortium of local and foreign one and two stations respectively. investors providing funding. According to DOTr, the airport line It is envisaged that regular services would be completed by 2023. A future would initially require 12 trainsets. extension could add a further 18·2 km Headways of 3 to 6 min would enable north of the airport to the Capas district. a line capacity of 27 000 passengers/h ork has got underway The ﬁrst fully At the southern end of the corridor, per direction. is would increase after on three rail projects underground metro PNR is responsible for reconstructing a year to 40 500 passengers/h per direc- line in the Manila in Metro Manila. e region broke ground and upgrading its Main Line South be- tion, with a eet of 18 trains running largest of these is the on February 27. tween Tutuban and Calamba as a sepa- every 2 to 4 min. NorthW South Commuter Railway serv- rate project. Another metro line is to get an up- ing the capital’s northern suburbs, on Interchange will be provided with the grade. e Department of Transportation which work began on February 15. Metro Manila Subway (Line 9), which has awarded a ¥35·5bn contract for the Broadly following the alignment of broke ground on February 27. rehabilitation and maintenance of Line 3 PNR’s moribund Main Line North, e rst fully underground metro line to a consortium of Sumitomo Corp and the 37·6 km line will run north from in the Manila region will connect Quiri- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engineer- the national railway’s main terminus at no Highway in Quezon City with FTI ing. Sumitomo group company TES Tutuban to Malolos in the Bulacan dis- in Taguig City via Ninoy Aquino Inter- Philippines is also working on the project. trict. e line is to be built by Sumitomo national Airport Terminal 3. e 36 km e aim is to return Line 3 to its de- Mitsui Construction under a contract north-south route will serve 15 stations, sign capacity and improve safety. Work signed by the Department of Transpor- o£ering a journey time of 30 min be- is due to last until July 2022 and will tation on January 23. e 149bn peso tween Quezon City and the airport. cover repairs to rolling stock, trackwork, project is being supported by Japan In- e line will run in 6·9 m diameter overhead catenary and signalling. It is ternational Cooperation Agency. tunnels, and will make use of ‘disaster- planned to be carried out without inter- e line is expected to be completed resilient strategies’ to better deal with ruption to service. A ‘safe maintenance’ by 2021. It will initially serve 10 sta- typhoons and earthquakes. Maximum regime is to be implemented after the tions, although earlier proposals envis- line speed will be 80 km/h. e design repairs are nished. aged up to 15. e contract includes capacity is 1·5 million passengers per Last year the government signed an construction of a new rolling stock de- day, with 370 000 expected within the agreement with Japan International Co- pot at Valenzuela to accommodate the rst year of the full line opening, which operation Agency for a 40-year, ¥38·1bn planned eet of 13 eight-car trains. is envisaged for 2025. loan, which will nance the work. With trains running at up to e rst phase is scheduled to open e 16·9 km Line 3 operates a eet 120 km/h, the journey time between in 2022. is would include three sta- of 73 light rail vehicles serving 13 Manila and Bulacan is expected to be tions at the northern end of the line, stations. Q around 35 min, compared with almost 2 h on the congested road network. DOTr anticipates that the line will carry more than 300 000 passengers per day on opening, rising to 500 000 by 2023. e NSCR is seen as the rst stage of a planned 147 km north-south corridor with 37 stations, running across the conurbation from Clark International Airport to the north with the town of Calamba in Laguna province, southwest of the capital. Provisionally costed at The Metro Manila Subway around 780bn pesos, this railway would will run entirely be worked by a eet of 58 eight-car trains. underground.

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suspended in mid-2014 with the con- 2014. e 24·5 km east-west route from TURKEY sortium again complaining that the cost Kabataş to Mahmutbey will serve 19 of the work far exceeded the agreed fee. stations using 75 four-car trainsets sup- Istanbul Work restarted in 2016, but su©ered re- plied by Hyundai Rotem. Bombardier is peated delays. supplying its City®o 650 signalling. networks At Gebze the line will o©er inter- Work on the second phase from change with the town’s rst metro line, Mahmutbey to Esenyurt started in under construction since September. 2017. Hyundai Rotem is supplying an expand e 15·6 km driverless route will link additional 20 trainsets to operate the e Istanbul urban rail network is ex- Gebze and Darıca, serving 12 stations. extended line. panding, with several additions coming Construction is expected be completed March 19 also saw the start of test- on stream recently and other projects in early 2023 at an estimated cost of ing on the city’s rst catenary-free tram progressing. TL2·8bn. It is envisaged that services Turkish President route. Work had started in March 2017 Recep Tayyip e most high-prole opening took would run every 90 sec, o©ering an end- Erdoğan ofﬁcially on the 14-stop 10 km route T5 along place on March 12, when President to-end journey time of 19 min. Four-car inaugurated the the southern edge of the Golden Horn. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ocially inau- trainsets are to be used, with a capacity 77 km Marmaray Due to open in June 2020, this will suburban rail corridor gurated the Marmaray suburban rail of 1 080 passengers. across Istanbul on connect Eminönü and Alibeyköy Cep corridor across Istanbul, 15 years after e latest section of the Istanbul met- March 12. Otogari. construction began. Durmazlar is supplying a ®eet of 30 e President rode an inaugural train trams that will run o©-wire using Al- from the opening ceremony at Kartal on stom’s APS ground-level power supply the Asian side of the route east as far as technology. According to the manufac- Gebze, where suburban services termi- turer, the styling of the trams is intend- nate. e suburban services are expected ed to evoke waves. Q to carry up to 75 000 passengers/h or around 1·7 million passengers/day. e Marmaray corridor runs for UK 77 km with 43 stations. e suburban services are operated using Hyundai Automatic Rotem Class E32000 electric multiple- units ordered in 2008. ese run at a braking maximum speed of 100 km/h with a commercial speed of 45 km/h, with 2 to 10 min headways and an end-to-end study journey time of 1 h 10 min. British tramway operators have told With the opening, high speed servic- Metro Report International they are es from Ankara will no longer terminate taking a close interest in Transport for at Pendik, but will use Marmaray’s third London’s deployment of an automatic track to call at Gebze, Pendik, Maltepe, tram braking system, and are working Bostancı and Soğutluçesme on the through light rail industry body UK Asian side and Bakırköy and Halkalı on Tram to assess whether similar tech- the European side. e third track could nology would be suitable for use on the also be used by freight services. country’s other networks. Work on the Marmaray link began in TfL has awarded Engineering Sup- 2004 with the construction of the im- ro to open was the second phase of the port Group Ltd a contract to supply and mersed tube tunnel under the Bosporus. driverless metro Line M5 on the Asian install a Physical Prevention of Over- TCCD’s suburban services from side, which was inaugurated on October Speeding automatic braking system for Halkalı to Sirkeci on the European side 21. e 9·5 km eastern extension adds the tram network centred on Croydon. and Gebze to Haydarpaşa on the Asian seven stations between Yamanevler Expected to be in place by the end of side ceased in March 2013, ahead of the and Çekmeköy-Sancaktepe. e initial the year, this would automatically bring launch of a shuttle service through the 10·5 km section between Üsküdar and a tram to a controlled stop if exceeds the tunnel between Yenikapi, Sirkeci and Yamanevler opened in December 2017. speed limit at designated locations. Üsküdar in October of that year. is A depot has been built north of e feasibility of introducing such initial operating section was later ex- Dudullu. is is accessed by a 2·5 km a system was investigated after the panded to 13 km and ve stations. branch that will form part of metro Sandilands derailment in November Completion was repeatedly delayed Line M8, which is scheduled to open 2016, when a tram travelling at 73 km/h by various factors including disputes in 2019. into a sharp curve with a 20 km/h speed over the cost of construction, the dis- As with the rst section, construc- restriction overturned, killing seven covery of archaeological remains and tion was undertaken by Doğuş. e passengers. problems with road crossings. rm is part of a consortium, along PPOS will initially be used at higher- e rst tender for construction with Özaltın and Yapı Merkezi, which 77 risk locations, but will have the ®exibil- works for the suburban line was award- is building the nal section between ity to be introduced elsewhere on the ed in 2007 to a consortium of Alstom, Çekmeköy-Sancaktepe and Sultanbeyli km network. Marubeni and Doğuş for US$815m, under a TL2·3bn contract. MARMARAY e Rail Accident Investigation but was cancelled after the consortium Work is also progressing on the city’s SUBURBAN RAIL Branch issued 15 recommendations pulled out citing increased costs. A sec- rst driverless metro line on the Eu- CORRIDOR OPENED to the UK tram industry following ON MARCH 12, ond tender in 2011 was won by a 70:30 ropean side, where test runs began on 15 YEARS AFTER the derailment. TfL said it had now consortium of OHL and Invensys Rail March 19. e driverless metro Line CONSTRUCTION ‘progressed on all of the recommenda- Dimetronic for US$933m, but was M7 has been under construction since BEGAN tions specic to TfL’. ose completed

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included a reduction in the network’s coach said it would await the UK Tram classes, with rst class still available for maximum speed from 80 km/h to report. fare payers. In lieu of a ticket, passengers 70 km/h, additional speed restric- Blackpool Transport operates the travelling in second class will have to tions and warning signs at four loca- only rst-generation tram network to show identication. is would be done tions, more speed signs, an enhanced 2·2 have survived in the UK. It is looking for reasons of security, and to identify customer complaints process, an up- €bn at options with the UK Tram work- anyone who does not have a legitimate grade of the CCTV to a digital system, ing group, and is also working with reason for travelling between two places. and the use since September 2017 of INVESTMENT IN Bombardier Transportation to develop e mKaart smart card will remain in RAIL IN 2018-23 a driver distraction or fatigue warning ENVISAGED BY THE an automatic braking system which it use for services such as park-and-ride, device. ere has also been a review GOVERNMENT OF hopes to test later this year. electric vehicle charging stations and of risk assessments and evacuation LUXEMBOURG Transport for Greater Manchester’s mBox cycle parking. procedures. Head of Metrolink Danny Vaughan said e government envisages rail invest- An emergency lighting system op- Metrolink would be an active member of ment in 2018-23 of €2·2bn and in the erating independently of tram bat- the Light Rail Safety & Standards Board Luxembourg City tramway of €390m. teries is to be installed this year, while to be established by UK Tram. is was e national RGTR bus network will the thickness of the safety lm on the recently awarded £1·5m in government undergo a ‘comprehensive’ restructur- windows will be increased from 0·1 mm funding, and would be a development of ing with the aim of ‘optimising’ regional to 0·175 mm to improve containment. UK Tram’s safety working group. Q services. Planned improvements include better connections in the evenings and on Sundays. A target has been set to have only emission-free buses in service by 2030. e price of RGTR RegioZone cross-border tickets will be lowered, and national railway CFL intends to lower prices for cross-border rail services in agreement with operators in neighbouring countries SNCB, DB and SNCF. ‘e introduction of free public transport is an important social measure’, said Bausch. ‘One can see it as the social icing on the cake of the global strategy for a multimodal o¡ensive.’ Bausch sees the o¡ering, punctuality and quality of public transport as decisive to change people’s habits and shift them from pri- Temporary lighting has been installed Engineering Support vate cars to public transport. on the approach to the Sandilands tun- Group is to supply a LUXEMBOURG e Ministry of Mobility & Public Physical Prevention nels, where a full lighting upgrade is to of Over-Speeding Works intends to maintain close con- be undertaken this year in collaboration automatic braking Free travel tact with all operators involved in the with road tunnel lighting experts. system for the project. Q London tram TfL has shared the feasibility and network. Luxembourg Transport Minister Fran- scoping studies for PPOS with other çois Bausch has announced details of operators through the UK Tram group, plans to o¡er free nationwide public GERMANY which has been studying speed control transport. and safety systems in use internation- Free public transport is to be of- Focus on ally. UK Tram expects to publish a re- fered to all passengers, whether or not port shortly. they are resident in Luxembourg, from accessibility West Midlands Metro told Metro March 1 2020 on all modes nanced Report International that the technology by the state and operating within the e Senate of the Land of Berlin has selected for Croydon was specic to lo- country’s boundaries. Funding would explained the importance of acces- cal requirements, and as such may not come from tax revenue, with no new sibility and emissions reduction in its be the most suitable option for its own taxes being introduced specically for recently-issued 2019-23 transport plan. route. It had reviewed and updated its this purpose. As well as the bus, tram, U-Bahn safety equipment, and would be closely Transport provided by local au- and ferry networks operated by mu- examining the UK Tram research. thorities would not be automatically nicipal company BVG, the plan also Edinburgh Trams said it would con- included in the scheme, with the deci- addresses multimodal transport in- sider any recommendations to be made sion on whether to participate left to vestment and integration with the by UK Tram. It had asked its rolling the individual authority. e Mayor regional rail and S-Bahn networks. To stock supplier CAF what would be re- of Luxembourg City Lydie Polfer has ensure that long-term planning needs quired to provide PPOS functionality, already conrmed that the capital will can be assessed ‘for the preparation of and was also ‘proactively’ monitoring participate. new rail infrastructure’, the plan also the wellbeing of its drivers. A transition phase would provide makes a series of recommendations A spokesperson for NET said the time to develop new regulations and looking ahead to 2035. Nottingham tram operator was also prepare for the smooth introduction of e plan has been developed in line actively supporting the UK Tram study, the proposition. One measure will be with the recently adopted Berlin Mo- which would ‘help shape our plans to changes to the role of onboard sta¡. bility Act, which sets targets for sustain- further enhance safety.’ Rail passengers will continue to have able transport adoption and is intended Sheeld Supertram operator Stage the option of travelling in one of two to ensure that economic development

MRIN_Spring19_p006-009.indd 8 18/04/2019 11:27:31 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 9 Cities DIGEST

of the city region occurs in an envi- completed by June of this year’. It will ronmentally-conscious manner. is be ‘coupled with a change in culture, includes the elimination of fossil fuels which will generate fresh ideas and from the city’s transport energy mix by new perspectives’, they added, not- the end of 2030. ing that management appointments Key measures include the require- would in future largely come from ment to specify more space for bicycle ‘the private sector and other cities and accommodation when procuring rail states’. vehicles; adoption of 10 min headways e funding model for MTA’s capi- as a minimum standard for bus, metro tal investment programme is to be re- and tram routes; linking property devel- vised to create a ‘lockbox’ that would opment consent to expansion of public be used to support enhancements, es- transport provision; and development pecially in priority areas such as res- of a ‘comprehensive oering’ to serve ignalling of the Subway. is ‘lockbox’ Berlin-Brandenburg airport when it would be funded from three sources: a opens. ‘Flexible’ transport options are cannabis excise tax, a New York City also to be trialled in areas or times internet sales tax and the implemen- where demand is lower. tation of electronic congestion charg- In line with existing legislation, the ing on roads south of 61st Street in Land is requ ired to introduce a fully Manhattan. accessible network by the end of 2022, In an eort to rein in spiralling con- but the plan recognises that this is un- struction costs, de Blasio and Cuomo likely to be achieved in the timeframe of suggest that in future, major capital the document. Nevertheless, signi cant projects would be tendered on a ‘de- investment is outlined, especially for sign build’ basis with incentives and modi cations to bus stops. penalties on contractors to deliver. In line with the planning horizon, move to consolidate many of the activi- Accessibility and e scope of design work left to MTA the Senate announced its intention to ties of MTA’s six operating arms. emissions reductions would be reduced. In addition, a con- are key components directly award BVG an operating con- e current structure of the organi- of Berlin’s 2019-23 struction review team independent tract for the city transport network in sation dates back to 1968 when MTA transport plan. of MTA is to be established, chaired 2020 when its existing agreement con- was set up as a holding company. To- by engineering specialists from New cludes. is new contract would run day, its principal subsidiaries are New York’s Cornell and Columbia universi- until 2035. Q York City Transit, which runs the ties. is mirrors the approach adopted city’s Subway and bus networks; com- earlier this year by Cuomo to review muter rail businesses Long Island Rail MTA’s plans for a blockade of the tun- USA Road and Metro-North; MTA Capi- nel linking Manhattan and Brooklyn tal Construction; long-distance coach used by the L-Canarsie Subway line. MTA operator MTA Bus; and Staten Island e academic review team is also to Railway. review MTA’s proposals for resignal- restructuring e current structure ‘makes co-or- ling the Subway, with a speci c remit dination more dicult and expensive’, to compare the merits of CBTC with A 10-point plan to restructure and the joint statement said. Shared func- ‘Ultra-Wide Band technology for provide long-term funding for the tions such as construction manage- safety, timeliness and cost’. New York Metropolitan Transporta- ment, legal, engineering, procurement, 10 MTA will be expected to ‘imme- tion Authority was announced by state human resources and marketing would diately expedite’ the completion of Governor Andrew Cuomo and New be consolidated into a central op- min its Subway Action Plan, which is in- York City Mayor Bill de Blasio on eration. e six operating arms would BUS, METRO AND tended to address short term causes February 26. then focus on day-to-day management TRAM HEADWAYS of unreliability and congestion. ese SET AS MINIMUM At the heart of the restructuring pro- of their areas. STANDARD IN include signalling repairs, an expanded posal, which would need to be rati ed According to de Blasio and Cuo- BERLIN’S 2019-23 rail welding programme and station by the state legislature in Albany, is a mo, ‘the restructuring plan will be TRANSPORT PLAN refurbishment works. Q

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MRIN_Spring19_p006-009.indd 9 18/04/2019 11:27:57 10 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International BEIJING Plans Capital metro expansion As Beijing grows, its metro network is expanding to keep pace. Andrew Benton reports.

Transit Plan, approved by the National Development & Reform Commission in September 2015, provides short-term goals and broadly de¦nes the means to achieve them. A 30-line network totalling 1 177 km is planned to be operational by the end of 2020, growing to 35 lines and 1 524 km in the longer term. Eight more lines are to open in the next two years. One of the notable points of the plan is a target to increase modal share. e goal is for 60% of travel to be made by public transport in 2020, of which 62% will be by metro. Beijing has a high population den- sity, at around 17 000 people per km2 (Shanghai has 12 000). e city authorities recently decided to cap the city’s population at around 21 million. ey have taken steps to make the city less densely populated with the development of the JinJingJi economic region, which encompasses Beijing and Tianjin, as well as surrounding areas of Hebei province. e Xiong’an JinJingJi district, south of Beijing and west of Tianjin, was inaugurated in 2017 and is a focus for the region’s growth in the medium and long term.

n December 30 the Beijing A crowded city Most metro lines in New airport metro network grew by Beijing has a diverse network, which Beijing, including the Later this year, a new international Yizhuang Line, are 28·6 km, closing the gap on includes heavy metro lines, light rail and operated by Beijing airport is due to open at Daxing, south Shanghai, which still has maglev, complemented by conventional Subway Corp. of Beijing. e city’s main airport has theO world’s largest metro network. cross-city commuter rail services oper- been northeast of Beijing since 1958, Lines 6 and 8 are the most recent to ated by the local railway bureau. In 2018, and the new airport is likely to change be extended. e 10·6 km western ex- 311 billion passenger-journeys were travel patterns in the city. tension of Line 6 runs from Haidian made on 2·6 million services covering e new airport is to be served by a Wuluju to Jin’anqiao. Five stations on 483 million train-km. Passenger trac fast metro line, the ¦rst phase of which the extension have been opened, with peaked on August 17, with 10·9 million Signalling on the is due to be inaugurated in October. e Batong Line is being one more due to follow at a later date. passenger-journeys that day. upgraded to enable 41·4 km route will link Caoqiao station Beiyunhe Dong station on the existing Most lines are operated by Beijing shorter headways. on metro Line 10 with the New Airport. section of Line 6 was opened on the Subway Corp subsidiaries, but there same day. are other operators. e Beijing Mass Line 8 is currently a line of two Transit Railway Corp joint venture of halves. e newly opened 10·3 km MTR Corp (49%), Beijing Capital southern section connects Zhushikou, Group (49%) and Beijing Infrastructure where interchange is provided with Investment Corp (2%) operates lines Line 7, to Yinghai. e northern sec- 4, 14, 16 and the Daxing Line. Beijing tion has just been extended by one sta- Rail Transit Operation Management tion to the south, from Nanluoguxiang Co operates the Yanfang Line, while to National Art Museum. e central the Airport Express is operated by section between National Art Mu- Beijing Jingcheng Metro Co. e Xi- seum and Zhushikou, connecting the jiao and T1 tram lines are operated by two halves, is expected to open in late a Beijing Public Bus Group subsidiary. 2021. e 2015-21 Beijing Urban Rail

MRIN_Spring19_p010-012.indd 10 18/04/2019 15:26:47 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 11 Plans BEIJING

Jiantou West C Jingtong line: Jingcheng line: Jingbao line: Huairou Huairou Ming Tombs Kangzhuang, Shuikulu Hauilai Scenic Area Changping BEIJING Changping Science S2 Park S3 Metro under construction Nanshao in planning proposed Light rail Shahe University Suburban lines planned Park Future Technology City High speed lines Shahe (Changping) Other lines Maglev 15 Shimen Fengbo

Houshayu Zhuxinzhuang Beijing Capital International 5 Airport Huilongguan- Tiantongyuan N China Yongfeng dongdajie A Terminal 2 Beianhe Daoxianghulu Huoying Tiantongyuan International Exhibition Wenyanglu Tundian Huangtudian Centre Yongfeng South C Xierqi Lishuiqiao A Terminal 3 Beiyuan Sunhe Xibeiwang Shangezhuang Malianwa Olympic Green Nongda’nanlu N Anheqiao N Qinghua- Datunlu Wudaokou dongluxikou East Fragrant 15 Hills Xiyuan 15 Olympic Wangjing W 0 5 10 km Sports Centre Xijiao Line Gaojiayuan Dongba (Western Suburban Line) Bagou 12 3 Beitucheng Jiuxianqiao- 12 Sanyuanqiao dianzicheng Pk Fengsha Yuquanlu Line line: Huailai, Guloudajie Zhangjiakou S2 Xizhimen A Chaoyang Park National Library Jingqin line: 11 Tiancun 9 Dongzhimen Yanjiao, Sanhe, 6 Yutian Jin'anqiao S1 Shilipu Dalianpo Tongzhou 3 Haidian Dongsi Pingguoyuan 4 Beiguan 1 Wuluju 2 2 Caofeng 6 B Mentougou Fuxingmen Sihui E Guanzhuang Line Lucheng (maglev) 1 7 BRS S1 Baiziwan Beiyunhe 6 B.West RS Guoyuan Liyuan Dong Shichang Yamenkou Jinsong Pingleyuan Tongzhou B Qilizhuang Garden Xiju 11 Tuqiao Expo S3 Fatou Dongsihuan monorail (u/c) Park B.South RS S Shilihe 4 7 S5 5 Zhangguozhuang Fengtai Jiaohuachang Wanping Songjiazhuang Keyilu Shoujingmao Gongyixiqiao Xiahongmen Jingyuan line: Huanqiu Yingcheng/ Dongfeng, Baijian Heyi Universal Studios Guogongzhuang Xingong Yizhuang RS Xiwadi Wanuanjie Xihongmen Yizhuangqiao Ciqu Daotian Wufutang Beijing Nanyuan Yinghai Airport Tongjinanlu Tianjin Libafang 16 4 13 5 13 A 14 Changyang Zaoyuan Beitucheng Shaoyaoju Bagou 10 Gaojiayuan Renmin Univ. Taiyanggong Liangxiang 12 0 3 km Suzhuang Suzhouqiao University Town Sanyuanqiao Huangcun RS S4 Yancun 10 Guloudajie

East S2 Xizhimen A 13 Yanfang line: National Library Nanluo- 13 guxiang Raoyuefu, Yanshan 6 9 Dongzhimen Chaoyang Zhoukoudiazhen (u/c) Ping’anli 3 Tianjin, Jinan Haidian Dongsi Jintailu Tiangongyuan 3 Wuluju Chinese Hujialou 6 Museum 2 of Art 2 Fuxingmen Dongdan Guomao Dawanglu B 1 BRS 1 Jingguang line: Xidan Zhuozhou, Baoding Named lines S5 7 Shuangjing Jiulongshan A Xuanwumen Airport Express Line 7 B Batong Line B.West RS Ciqikou C Zhushikou Changping Line Daguanying Cashikou Jinsong Daxing Line Pingleyuan Fangshan Line Y Yanfang Line Lize BD You'anmenwai Xiju 14 Shilihe Y Yizhuang Line 14 14 S3 Beijing Daxing B.South RS S4 10 International 16 S5 Airport Fengtai Fengyiqiao Nan Caoqiao 5 Shijiazhuang, Zhengzhou, Jingjiu line: 10 Wuhan, Guangzhou Dezhou, 9 Shoujingmao 4 Y Songjiazhuang © Railway Gazette 2019 Cartography by Andy Hellawell Hengshui

MRIN_Spring19_p010-012.indd 11 18/04/2019 15:27:03 12 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International BEIJING Plans

CRRC Qingdao Sifang is supplying a Above left: The Xijiao Line is one of two tram eet of 12 driverless Type D trainsets. routes in the city, both of which are operated by a subsidiary of Beijing Public Bus Group. With a top speed of 160 km/h, these are reported to be the fastest metro rolling Above right: Line S1 is a low-speed maglev operated with a ﬂeet of six-car sets supplied stock in China. by CRRC Tangshan. Extensions are planned at both ends of the line: a southern extension to the south terminal and a 3·5 km northern signalling upgrade, which will enable extension to Lize Business District. In trains to run at shorter headways. the longer term, the airport will also be e Fangshan Line is also due to be served by metro Line 20, which is cur- extended by the end of the year, from rently in the planning phase. Guogongzhuang to Fengyiqiao Nan. e northern extension would add More openings coming 5·3 km to the route. Above: The Airport Five new lines are due to open by After the rst phase of the New Air- Six more sections of the network are Express Line the end of 2021. e rst phase of connects Beijing port Line, extensions to four lines are due to open by the end of 2020. ese Capital airport in the Line 3 has been under construction due to open by the end of the year. include the initial phase of the Pinggu northeast of the city since April 2016. e line will serve Line 16 is to be extended by 30·1 km Line, which would connect Xuxin- to Dongzhimen. 15 stations on a 22 km alignment run- from its southern terminus of Xiyuan zhuang with Pinggu to the northeast of ning from Dongsi Shitiao on Line 2 to to Wanping in the west via Suzhoujie, Beijing on a 54·3 km alignment, and the Caogezhuang Bei. where interchange would be provided central section of Line 8. e 29·6 km Line 12 will connect with Line 10. e Changping Line is to be ex- Tiancun with Dongba, and the 49·7 km Line 7 will be extended by 16·6 km tended south by 12·6 km from Xierqi Line 17 will run from Kejicheng Beiqu east from Jiaohuachang to Huanqiu to Jianmenqiao; a 6·1 km branch of to Yizhuang. e initial phase of Line Yingcheng. is station will also be the Yanfang Line from Raoyuefu to Line 14 currently 19 will run for 22·4 km from Xingong the terminus of the Batong Line once Zhoukoudian; and 1·9 km extension operates in two to Mudanyuan, and the rst phase of sections, which it is extended by 4·5 km from Tuqiao. of the Airport Line from Dongzhimen will eventually be the CBD Line will be a 6·5 km route e Batong Line is also receiving a to Beixinqiao is due to open next year. connected. from Dongdaqiao to Dajiaoting. Q Metro Report International | Spring 2019 13 Openings CHINA Urban rail grows in China

opened in Qingdao on the same day. Designated Line 13, but originally known as R3, the Jiaonan Line is currently not connected to the rest of the city’s metro network. Starting from Jinggangshan Lu in the Huangdao port district on the opposite side of Jiaozhou Bay from the city centre, the 66·8 km Line 13 runs southwest along the coast to Dongjiakou station on the Qingdao – Yangcheng railway which opened the same day. Designed for operation at up to 120 km/h, the line includes 14·3 km underground and 54·5 km on viaduct. Seven of the 21 stations are underground. All stations are tted with platform screen doors, in common with the city’s other metro lines. e end-to-end journey time is 72 min. Line 13 is operated by a eet of 21 Type B1 four-car trainsets, of which 18 are needed for revenue operation at peak times, when the average headway is 7 min 20 sec. e 80·6 m long trains can carry 828 passengers. A two-station northeastern extension A dozen Chinese cities gained new and the old city centre. ere are currently is envisaged, which would continue the extended metro lines, tramways and 29 stations, with one more expected to line in tunnel from Jinggangshan Lu to open during 2019. Jialingjiang Lu, serving Qingdao Binhai suburban rail in a raft of openings at the Under construction since 2014, University. end of 2018 and the start of 2019. the new line broadly parallels Line 2, Line 13 is expected to be connected with which interchange is provided at to the rest of the network with the he turn of the year saw the A ceremony on Beikezhan and Xingzhengzhongxin. planned opening of Line 1 in 2020. usual expansion of metro January 1 marked Line 4 connects with Line 1 at Wulu- Starting near the university, this line the opening of networks across China, and Jinan’s ﬁrst metro kou and with Line 3 at Dayanta. would run northeast under Jiaozhou this year these were joined line. Line 4 is operated by a eet of 45 six- Bay to the city centre. Tby several tram and suburban rail lines. car trainsets, based at a depot near the Two metro lines opened in Chong- Jinan gained its rst metro line on southern terminus. Each 118 m long qing on December 28. e northern January 1. Line R1 connects Fangte and train has a nominal capacity of 1 468 part of the Loop Line is 33·7 km long. Gongyanyuan, with a 16·2 km seven- passengers, including 240 seated. With It connects Chongqing Library with station elevated section and a 10·1 km a maximum speed of 80 km/h, the end- Haixialu via Chongqingbei Railway four-station underground part. to-end journey time is 63 min. Trains Station. ere are 24 stations, of which Services are operated with four-car operate between 06.00 and 23.00, with seven are due to open in 2019. trainsets, which are stabled at a depot peak headways of 4 min. e Loop Line crosses the Yang- near Fangte. e trains draw power at An isolated regional metro line was tze River on the 1·7 km Chaotianmen 1·5 kV DC overhead. All stations are equipped with platform screen doors and have provision to accommodate six-car sets. e line is designed for 100 km/h operation. Two more lines are under construction. Due to open in January 2020, Line R3 will be 19·9 km long with 17 stations. Line R2 is due to open a year after that and will serve 19 stations on a 36·4 km route. Four further lines have been proposed. Line 4 in Xi’an was formally opened on December 26. Running entirely underground for 35·2 km, this north- south line connects the city’s high speed Line 4 in Xi’an runs rail hub at Xi’an Bei with Hangtian underground for Xincheng via the main station close to 35·2 km.

MRIN_Spring19_p013-015.indd 13 18/04/2019 15:21:10 14 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International CHINA Openings

Bridge, which opened to road trac eight-car trains, although Line 2 cur- journey time of 40 min. in 2009. e metro tracks are on the rently uses six-car sets. CRRC Changchun has supplied a bridge’s lower deck and feature the rst eet of bidirectional ve-section trams use of synthetic sleepers on a Chinese 33 New tramways based on the Alstom Citadis 302 de- metro. e initial phase of the rst tram line sign; 40 trams are envisaged for the Services are operated using six-car stations on Hainan Island opened for revenue entire network. e vehicles are 32·6 m trainsets with a maximum speed of service in Sanya on January 1. long and have capacity for 380 passen- 100 km/h. All stations have provision ON CHONGQING Services are operating on the north- gers including 64 seated. METRO LINE 5 for seven-car sets. When complete, the WHEN PLANNED ern section of the line from Sanya Rail- e trams have a maximum speed Loop Line will be 50·1 km long. EXTENSIONS HAVE way Station to Jiefang Lu, serving six of 70 km/h and are equipped with on- e 15·4 km Line 4 serves eight sta- BEEN COMPLETED stops. When complete, the line will be board energy storage to allow wireless tions between Chongqingbei Railway 8·4 km long, serving 15 stops between operation across road junctions. Station and Tangjiatuo. is line also the railway station and Jiangang Lu. December 26 also saw the opening uses six-car trainsets. Construction started in July 2016 and of extensions at both ends of the city’s A 2·5 km extension of metro Line cost 1·4bn yuan. CRRC Changchun has metro Line 3. A northeastern extension 5 from Dalongshan to Dashiba was supplied a eet of trams equipped for from Chengdu Junqu General Hospital opened for revenue service on De- catenary-free operation. e vehicles to Chengdu Medical College added cember 24, adding a single station to have a maximum speed of 70 km/h but 12·7 km, of which 5·5 km is on elevated the route. As part of the city’s master are limited to 50 km/h in the urban area. alignment, and serves nine stations. plan, Line 5 is to be further extended e ve-section trams have a capacity of A 17·4 km southwestern extension at both ends, eventually taking the 362 passengers including 60 seated. opened from Taipingyuan to Shuang- line to 70·1 km with 33 stations. Of A network of four tram lines is liu Xi with 11 stations and a depot near that, 48·3 km would be underground, planned for Sanya, which would total Shuangliu Xi. 20·5 km elevated and the rest at grade. 60 route-km. e rst section of the Songjiang A southern extension of Wuhan’s Trams in Shenyang started serv- tram network in Shanghai opened on driverless metro Line 7 opened to pas- ing Shenyang South railway station on December 26. e 13·9 km route serv- sengers on December 28. e 16·6 km January 5 with the opening of two short ing 20 stops connects Zhongchenlu in underground extension from Yezhihu extensions to the network. e 800 m the east with Canghualu in the west to Qinglongshan Ditiexiaozhen adds extension serving the railway station via Songjiang University Town, where seven stations. is used by services on two new routes. interchange is provided with metro CRRC Zhuzhou has supplied 15 Route 4 runs to Century Building via Line 9. six-car trainsets for the extension. ese University Science City. Route 6 runs Services operate every 10 min be- augment the 40 trainsets supplied to Taoxian Airport using a 3·3 km ex- tween 05.00 and 23.00. e Shang- by CRRC Changchun for the initial tension linking University Science City hai Keolis joint venture of Shanghai 30·4 km section, which opened on Oc- with Qianjinhui Hotel. Shentong Metro Group (51%) and tober 1. e initial section of the Chengdu Keolis (49%) was awarded a ve-year A northern extension of Line 7 is tram network opened on December 26. operations and maintenance contract in under construction and is scheduled to e 13·6 km Line T2 between Chen- August. open in 2019-20. guang and Hexin Lu is the rst phase e next section is scheduled to open A southern extension of metro Line of a planned 39·3 km Y-shaped network in mid-2019, and would take the line 2 opened on February 19. e 13·2 km in the northwest of the city that would to 31 km with 46 stops. For the second underground extension runs from Op- provide interchange with metro Line phase, 15 Alstom Citadis trams would Two metro lines tics Valley Square to Fozuling, adding in Wuhan were 2. Services run every 10 min between be added to the eet to augment the 15 10 stations. ese are all designed for recently extended. 07.00 and 20.45, with an end-to-end already in service. Two Shanghai metro extensions opened on December 30. A southern extension of metro Line 5 from Dongchuanlu to Fengxian Xincheng adds 14·6 km and eight stations, while a 16 km southeastern extension of metro Line 13 from Shibo Avenue to Zhangjianglu serves 12 stations. Shanghai maintains its position as the largest metro network in the world, with Beijing still in second place after the opening of an extension to Line 6 and two to Line 8 (p10).

Suburban routes Two suburban metro lines opened in Guangzhou on December 28, and one existing metro line was extended. e main section of Line 14 runs for 54·4 km between Jiahewanggang and Dongfeng in the northeast, serving 13 stations. At Xinhe the Knowledge City Line branches oª. Opened exactly one year previously, this now becomes a branch of Line 14.

MRIN_Spring19_p013-015.indd 14 18/04/2019 15:21:49 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 15 Openings CHINA

stations between Yangang and Lijiao. An extension at the other end is also planned. e rst phase of suburban Line S1 in Wenzhou opened on January 23. e 34·8 km route runs from Tongling to Olympic Centre, serving 12 stations; three more stations are still to open. e National Development & Re- form Commission approved the line in September 2012, and construction was partly privately nanced. Most of the line is elevated, although Tongling station is at-grade and Olym- pic Centre station underground. e end-to-end journey time is 50 min. Services are operated with a eet of 32 four-car Type D electric multiple-units supplied by CRRC Qingdao Sifang under a contract awarded in 2014. e 120 km/h EMUs are 3 300 mm wide with capacity for 1 328 passengers including 192 seated. ey are stabled at Stopping services operate every Like Line 14, Line 21 is designed for The Shenyang tram a depot near Tongling. 7 min and express services every 35 min. 120 km/h operation and also sees a mix network began An 18·7 km eastern extension is un- carrying passengers CRRC Zhuzhou has supplied 30 Type of stopping and express services. CRRC in 2013, and was der construction. is would add six B trainsets, which were assembled in Zhuzhou has supplied 33 locally assem- recently enlarged. stations between Olympic Centre and Guangzhou. e eet is stabled at a de- bled Type B trainsets. Shuang’ou Avenue via Wenzhou Long- pot at Dengcun and in sidings at Shihu. A 35·4 km western extension of Line wan International Airport. In the long- e 26 km Line 21 serves nine 21 between Zhenlongxi and Yuancun is er term, a third phase will bring Line S1 stations between Zhenlongxi and scheduled to open in late 2019. to 77 km with 28 stations. Zengcheng Square via Zhenlong, A 5·4 km eastern extension of the A second suburban line is also under where interchange is provided with the interurban Guangfo Line was also inau- construction. Line S2 will eventually be Knowledge City branch of Line 14. gurated on December 28, adding three 71·7 km long. Q

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MRIN_Spring19_p013-015.indd 15 18/04/2019 15:22:20 16 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International CHINA Progress

cluster selected towns and cities into discrete urban conurbations, and the Transport prominent creation of 13 state-level new development areas. Intra-regional connectivity is being boosted in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtse River Delta, Cheng- in ﬁve-year plan du-Chongqing and parts of northern China, including the JinJingJi economic region embracing Beijing and Tianjin. e latter is forecast to house more than 100 million people, and 600 km of rapid urban rail and high speed lines were approved for the region in 2016. Moreover, in 2016 China reduced the population threshold for cities to build metros to 1·5 million inhabitants from 3 million. Subsequently, 80 cities have initiated planning and feasibility studies. e NDRC suggests that by the end of 2020, 60 cities will have some form of urban rail, extending to more than 8 000 km route-km.

Potential hurdles e NDRC highlights three factors that may limit progress if not adequate- ly addressed. e rst is a lack of human capacity. Only half of the 180 000 Photo: Andrew Benton new professionals needed in 2016-20 Andrew Benton investigates China’s latest metro expansion plans. are expected to have the necessary skills on recruitment. HR improvements are particularly required for more person- hina’s current ve-year plan, A short western light rail, monorail and maglev. Passen- alised customer services, and for the covering 2016-20, is ex- extension of ger numbers grew by 14% from 2017, to widespread implementation of intel- Shanghai metro Line pected to see dozens of its 1 was among the 21·07 billion passenger-journeys. Last ligent technologies. Boosting the skills smaller cities join the metro projects approved year, 6 374 km of new lines were un- of management sta¢ and technicians via club.C In a recent review of progress, by the National der construction, and by the end of the pre- and in-service training will also be Development & the National Development & Reform Reform Commission year the NDRC had approved further needed. Commission highlighted ve drivers recently. urban rail projects in 44 cities at a cost e second factor is a lack of funds. fuelling the metro boom. of 389·1bn yuan, adding a total of 982 Estimates indicate that 2tr yuan will be e rst is increasing urbanisation: route-km nationwide (Table I). is is needed to realise the urban rail plans, 100 million more people are expected to one-third more than during the previ- and the availability of government become urban dwellers by 2020, pushing ous ve-year period. funds is likely to decline as economic the urban population to 60% of the total. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and growth slows from its recent fast pace. e second and third concern modal Shenzhen collectively plan to invest Increasingly risk-averse city govern- share: a continuing increase in private 695bn yuan in metro development in ments are also less willing to borrow, car ownership and a consequent need 2016-20, and other cities are rapidly ex- as this would increase local debt. Land to shift passengers to greener modes, panding their networks. access is well-controlled by the central especially in cities. At the start of 2016 Finally, there is future potential. Sev- government, and cities are not as free to the average city in mainland China had eral recent developments o¢er many sell the rights to use land to raise capital a modal share of just 10% for rail, and possibilities for enhancing connectiv- as they once were. even in the largest cities the gure was ity. ese include a national strategy to Finally, there are concerns about around 50%, considerably lower than in Hong Kong. e success of current metros is the fourth driver that NRDC identies. Recently published data from the China Association of Metros show that at the end of 2018, 35 cities in mainland China had operational urban rail networks. Of the 5 761·4 route-km, 4 354·3 route-km was heavy metro, with the remainder made up of other types of lines including

Right: Chongqing is to gain more metro lines following recent NDRC approvals.

Far right: A 9·1 km eastern extension of Changchun metro Line 2 is to be built in six years.

MRIN_Spring19_p016-017.indd 16 18/04/2019 11:04:09 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 17 Progress CHINA

whether the planning of increasingly complex networks is adequate. Several Table I. NDRC metro approvals, September 2018 – January 2019 cities implementing multimodal net- Length Years to Cost works are facing issues of inadequate Line Route Stations km bn yuan standards, technologies, experience and build talent, and realistic and achievable pre- Changchun planning has become an important step Line 2 eastern extension Dong Shuniu – Zhaojiagang Dong 9·1 5 6 5·1 Zhangying Shijicheng – Changchun Line 3 southern extension 3·0 2 4 0·8 in the process. Wushijiuzhong Line 4 southern extension Chechang – Yuanjiawopu 4·0 6 4 2·0 Fast growth Line 5 Phase 1 Xinan Shuniu – Dongdaqiao 19·5 18 6 15·4 e pace of development specied in Line 6 Yuanjiadian – Zhangying Shijicheng 29·7 22 5 19·6 the ve-year plan is astounding, even by Line 7 Phase 1 Qiche Gongyan – Donghuanlu 22·5 19 5 15·6 Chinese standards. Twice as many cit- Konggang Line Phase 1 Zhaojiagang Dong – Jiutainan 28·2 8 6 12·6 ies are to build and operate metros as in Chongqing the previous ve-year period, leading to Line 4 phase 2 Tanjiatun – Shichuan 32·6 14 5 18·1 a doubling of the length of metro net- Line 5 northern extension Yuanbo Zhongxin – Yuegang Beilu 9·0 7 5 7·2 works in operation and needing twice Line 5A Fuhualu – Tiaodengnan 28·9 19 5 20·3 the investment. Hangzhou By the end of 2020, more than 30 cit- Line 3 phase 1 Wushanqiancun – Xingqiaolu 57·7 39 5 48·6 ies would have more than 100 route-km Line 5 phase 2 Zhongyang Gongyuan – Laoyuhang 8·2 4 4 4·9 of urban rail and more than 20 cities New Airport Express Wushanxi – Jingjiang 58·5 15 4 41·9 would have more than 200 route-km. Jinan Beijing and Shanghai are expected to Line R2 Wangfuzhuang – Pengjiazhuang 36·4 19 5 22·9 have networks each exceeding 1 000 km, Shanghai and several other cities would have net- Line 1 western extension Xinzhuang – Jiayu Line interchange 1·2 1 4 3·5 works exceeding 400 km. In this period, Line 13 western extension Zhuguanglu – Jinyunlu 9·8 5 5 12·6 52 cities plan to build metro lines, 89 Line 19 Hongjianlu – Baochanglu 44·5 32 6 60·5 have tram plans, 32 are to build mono- Line 20 phase 1 Jinchanglu – Senlin Gongyuan 19·8 16 6 39·3 rail lines and eight plan to construct Line 21 phase 1 Chuansha Lu – Dongqinglu 28·0 16 6 36·9 maglev lines. Line 23 phase 1 Minxing Kaifaqu – Shanghai Tuyuchang 28·0 22 6 33·7 Digital technologies are to be adopt- Airport Link Line Hongqiao Shuniu – Shanghai Dong 68·6 9 6 48·0 ed more widely, creating responsive Jiayu Line Jiadingbei – Xinzhuangbi 41·6 15 6 37·1 and dynamic command and dispatch systems, as well as new management Chongming Line Jinjilu – Yu'anlu 44·6 8 5 26·4 and maintenance models. e ‘Made Suzhou in China 2025’ initiative has resulted in Line 6 Suzhou Xinqu – Sangtiandao 34·2 28 5 23·7 policy support for domestically devel- Line 7 Xiangcheng Dadao – Hongzhuang 27·0 23 4 18·5 oped technologies, and many business- Line 8 Huashanlu – Chefang 35·2 26 5 23·6 es have taken advantage of this. Such Line S1 Yitinglu – Huaqiao 41·0 27 5 27·3 technologies are expected to provide Wuhan better services for passengers, as well as Line 12 Circular route via Wuchang 59·9 37 6 58·4 for managers and operators. ey could Line 6 phase 2 Jinyinhu – Fumin Nanlu 7·0 5 3 4·6 enable customisation of travel experi- Line 8 phase 3 Yezhihu – Huangjiahu 4·9 2 2 2·6 ences, monitoring of passenger behav- Line 7 northern extension Machilu – Huangbeiguangchang 33·6 9 5 17·5 iour and enhancement of emergency Line 16 Guobo Zhongxin – Zhoujiahe 32·2 12 3 15·4 response systems. Line 19 Wuhan Railway Station – Gaoxinerlu 20·6 6 4 17·1 Driverless operation is a particu- Xingang Line Gongyesilu – Taoqiaohu 30·2 11 6 17·7 lar focus. Mainland China had two Line 11 extension Wuchang – Baishazhou 4·0 2 6 7·9 driverless lines in operation at the Line 11 extension Huangjinkou – Hanyang 2·2 2 6 3·9 beginning of 2016 (in Shanghai and Line 11 extension Zuoling – Gedian Nan 3·7 1 2 1·6 Guangzhou); the Yanfang Line in Beijing, opened in December 2017, is as projects tend to be government-led 10 million inhabitants lack urban rail, the rst to use wholly Chinese tech- with large capital investment, long and many of those that have networks nology. China is expected to have 37 construction cycles and slow capital need technology upgrades. China has driverless lines by the end of 2020, recovery. Shenzhen, Shanghai, Lan- 40 years of domestic experience and 10 covering a total of 1 206 route-km. zhou and Urumqi are already proving years of exports behind it, particularly in is would see an additional 1 150 the e¡ectiveness of PPP models, and rolling stock, and NDRC notes that it is route-km of driverless metro opening these models have become widespread well-placed to serve this market under by the end of next year in 12 cities: over the past few years. In March 2019 its Belt & Road Initiative. Q Jinan (243 km), Beijing (202·4 km), alone, Shaoxing signed a 23·8bn yuan Shanghai (170·5 km), Shenzhen PPP agreement for Line 1, Harbin and (142·5 km), Nanning (127 km), Wuhu China Railway Investments Co negoti- ‘‘ (46·7 km), Zhengzhou (43·8 km), Su- ated a PPP plus property development ‘The pace of development zhou (44 km), Guangzhou (37·2 km), agreement for Line 4 and Nanchang Nanjing (35·7 km), Wuhan (33·6 km) called tenders for a 7·1bn yuan PPP- speciﬁed in the ﬁve-year and Chengdu (23·7 km). funded construction contract for Line 3. Property development will comple- e urban rail sector is also a focus plan is astounding, even by ment PPPs to boost investment. Urban for China’s international ambitions. rail is suitable for this funding model, Worldwide, 15 cities of more than Chinese standards’

MRIN_Spring19_p016-017.indd 17 18/04/2019 11:05:08 18 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International BUSAN Multimodal

trams to enable catenary-free running. e project is expected to be com- Four modes in South pleted by 2022 at a cost of 47bn won. Busan Municipality will provide 36bn won, with 11bn won coming from the transport ministry. A second stage Korea’s second city would extend the route south by 3·3 km to Oryukdo Skywalk, adding four stops. Earlier plans envisage four tram lines. One would be built from Wolpyeong to Jwacheon and provide interchange with the future Busan – Ulsan suburban railway. A second line would link Myongji on the future Line M5 with Daejeo on Line M3, while a third is planned between Jalgachi and Jangrim stations on Line M1. e fourth route would run from Jungang on M1 to Busan Citizens’ Park via Munhyeon station on Line M2.

Metro plans ese four tram projects are featured in the Busan Metropolitan City Urban Railway Network Plan, which also envisages two automated rubber-tyred light metro lines. Line M5 has been under construction since June 2016, South Korea’s second city will soon become the location of the and completion is expected in 2022 at a cost of 538·8bn won. e 6·9 km un- country’s first modern tram line. Its metro and suburban rail networks derg round route will serve six stations are also due to be expanded, reports Benjámin Zelki. between Sasang and Hadan. An extension across the Nakdong usan is the largest South Ko- The Busan – Gimhae Korea’s first modern tram River from Hadan to the densely popu- rean city after Seoul, with LRT line is operated Busan’s rst-generation tram network lated Myongji district would form the by Busan – Gimhae about 3·5 million inhabitants. Light Railway Co closed in 1968 in order to give more next phase, due to open by 2026. A third Its already extensive metro under a 30-year space for road trac, but trams are back phase would take the line to Gangseo, Bis being expanded as part of the Bu- concession. on the agenda. A ‘demonstrator’ line is to and longer-term plans envisage a termi- san Metropolitan City Urban Railway be built, and if this proves successful, the nus on Gadeok Island. Network Plan. is envisages that eight government would give the go-ahead for e Yangsan Light Railway would urban rail projects will be completed in tram projects in four other cities. In Jan- link Nopo with Bukjeong via Yangsan, 2016-25 at a cost of more than 3tr won: uary the Ministry of Land, Infrastruc- serving seven stations. Work on this four tram lines, two light metro lines ture & Transport selected Busan ahead 12·5 km line started in March 2018 and and two metro extensions. Once these Below: Metro of rival bidders Suwon and Seongnam, is scheduled to be completed in 2021 at are completed, 27% of Busan’s popula- Line M5 has been while Cheongju and Jeonju were exclud- a cost of 555·8bn won. tion would live within a 10 min walk of under construction ed from the evaluation process. One of the city’s existing light metro since June 2016, a station. and completion is e Oryukdo Line in Yongho-dong lines is also to be extended. is would e plans were drawn up before the expected in 2022. district will link Busan’s two main take Line 4 from its current northern city was selected as the site of a demon- Below right: In 2013 tourist attractions, the Oryukdo Sky- terminus of Anpyeong to Ilgwang. e stration tram line, which is due to open it was decided to walk and Igidae Park with Kyungsung 12·7 km Line 4 was initially planned as in 2022. Neither do they include an ex- retrofit platform University station on metro Line 2. a branch of the heavy metro Line 3, but screen doors to all tension of suburban rail services, due to metro stations in e initial 1·9 km section serving ve opened in March 2011 as a lower-capacity begin next year. South Korea. stops would be operated using battery rubber-tyred light metro. e 17 six-car Photos: Benjámin Zelki

MRIN_Spring19_p018-019.indd 18 18/04/2019 16:10:37 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 19 Multimodal BUSAN

trainsets supplied by Woojin Industrial east via Seomyeon, where interchange Systems are only 91·4 m long, and can is provided with Line M1. Stations can carry 316 passengers including 128 seated. accommodate eight-car trainsets, but A northern extension of Line 1 is also the eet comprises 56 six-car sets sup- part of the plan. is would take the plied by Hyundai Rotem. route from Nopo to Wolpyeong. Line 1 Line 3 was planned to open in time was extended at the other end in April for the 2002 Asian Games, but it was 2017, making it the most recent metro eventually completed in November extension to open in Busan. Construc- 2005. e 18·3 km route links Suyeong tion of the 8 km extension to Dadaepo in the east with Daejeo in the west. Beach began in late 2009 and cost 959bn Hyundai Rotem has supplied a eet of won, and test running started in Decem- 20 four-car trainsets, but stations can ber 2016. Line 1 is now 40·5 km long. take six-car sets. Line 1 is to receive an additional six Busan Transportation Corp also op- trainsets next year under a 55·6bn won erates Line 4, but the other light metro contract awarded to Hyundai Rotem line is operated by Busan – Gimhae in September 2018. e Korean rm Light Railway Co under a 30-year con- Suburban rail on the Busan – Gimhae LRT. supplied the original eet for the line’s cession. e Busan – Gimhae Light services between A high number of suicides on metros Busan and Ilgwang opening, and supplemented this with Rail Transit line opened in September are operated by across the country, which reached 56 further orders in 2013 and 2016. 2011. e 23·4 km route with 21 sta- Korail. deaths in 2012, led to the decision in e Line 1 communications network tions runs entirely on viaduct between 2013 to retrot platform screen doors to is being upgraded too, and a pilot of Sasang and Samgye, linking Busan with all metro stations in South Korea by the LTE-R began in February 2018, using the neighbouring city of Gimhae, and end of 2017. Busan metro Line 3 was 10 MHz bandwidth in the 700 MHz serving Busan’s airport. e 25 two-car the rst in Korea to have PSDs at all frequency band. sets made by Hyundai Rotem in use on stations on opening. the line have capacity for 184 passen- Two metro operators gers, and station platforms can accom- Suburban rail plans Line 1 is operated by Busan Trans- modate four-car sets. Busan has the country’s rst subur- portation Corp, as are the other heavy Services on all metro lines run from 6 ban railway outside the Seoul agglom- metro lines. Line 2 is 47·1 km long, around 05.00 to 00.30, with frequencies eration. e 28·5 km route from Bujeon serving a large part of Busan’s often thin of 4 to 5 mins in the peaks and 7 min trainsets station in Busan to Ilgwang has already but spreading residential areas bounded o¡-peak. Ridership was around 930 000 ARE BEING been electried and double-tracked, SUPPLIED by mountains. It opened in stages start- passengers a day in 2014: 447 513 on BY HYUNDAI with suburban services commencing in ing in 1999 and now runs from Yang- Line 1, 321 615 on Line 2, 91 685 on ROTEM FOR December 2016. san in the northwest to Jangsan in the Line M3, 29 295 on Line 4 and 43 228 METRO LINE 1 In June 2018 work started on the next section, from Ilgwang to Taehwa- Samrangjin Daegu, Namchang, Daejeon, Ulsan gang station in Ulsan, and this is due Nakdonggang 0 5 10 km Seoul N to be completed by 2020. e 65·7 km Bukjeong Bujeon – Taehwagang line will also be Wondong Wolpyeong 1 used by national operator Korail’s new Busan – Seoul high speed services, Yangsan 2 which would be segregated from con- Yangsan Wollae Line ventional inter-city services. Jwacheon Korail currently provides 48 trains Mulgeum each way per day between Bujeon and

depot Ilgwang, which will all be extended depot Geumjeongsan 1 Hopo (801·5m) Nopo to Taehwagang, according to Korail’s depot B Samgye/Kaya Univ. Ilgwang 4 Vice-President for Passenger Transport Hyungik Cho. Yeonji Park Guseo With the opening of the rst section, Anpyeong Gijang Hwamyeong depot (u/c to 4 10 four-car electric multiple-units en- Changwon, tered service, and seven more have been Masan) Gimhae Daejeo City Hall Dongnae Jangyu 3 Geumsa ordered for the Taehwagang extension. depot Minam Gupo Deokcheon 4 Both batches supplied by Hyundai Jaesong Rotem are from Korail’s Series 381000 Geoje Yeonsan Songjeong Centum family, but there are di¡erences in de- Gimhae Citizens’ International BEXCO B Park Jangsan Airport Sasang Bujeon 2 sign between the two batches. Gaya Suyeong 3 5 Dongbaek Busan – Ulsan suburban services Seomyeon BUSAN were used by 17·58 million passengers Kyungsung Univ. Metro in 2017, with peak headways of 15 min Munhyeon planned and 30 min o¡-peak. Busan 4 B Oryukdo Light metro A medium speed railway with a de- Nakdong R Hadan Line planned 5 Jungang Skywalk Light metro (rubber tyred) sign speed of 200 km/h has been un- 5 Myeongji Sinpyeong under construction depot Jagalchi planned der construction to the nearby Masan- Gangseo Jangnim Light rail / tram under construction Changwon conurbation since 2014, and planned Korea Strait is scheduled to be completed by 2020. Main lines / high speed Initial plans envisaged this operating as Gadeok I. Dadaepo suburban line under construction Cartography by Andy Hellawell Beach 1 a suburban service, which is still under © Railway Gazette 2019 consideration for the longer term. Q

MRIN_Spring19_p018-019.indd 19 18/04/2019 16:10:53 20 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International DOUALA Pilot Tram Line

park-and-ride facilities will be built just west of the old Wouri bridge. Pilot tram route A considerable amount of work will be required on the old bridge to ensure it is t to carry trams. Built in the 1950s, it is structurally sound, but the infrastruc- foreshadows ture will need cleaning and underlying vegetation will need to be removed from some of the piers. Repairs will be needed to piers 1 and 4, both of which have suf- ﬁve-line network fered damage. Similarly, the paintwork and protective coating and the various joints will need to be treated or replaced. Construction of the ﬁrst line of a comprehensive tram network in the expanding port city of Douala is expected to start in the next few months. Bus feeders South of the N3, on the banks of the CHRISTIAN DOCHY Wouri River, there is a very active indus- Director trial zone. is will be served by buses that Iristone Engineering & Civil Work will connect with the tram service, allowing employees and other workers living lans to construct a pilot tram elsewhere in the Douala conurbation to line in Cameroon’s principal have good access to the industrial zone. port city of Douala are awaiting Once on the east side of the River the nal go-ahead. Initial works Wouri, the double-track alignment will areP expected to start during the coming continue along Boulevard de la Réuni- months now that validation of detailed cation to Carrefour Agip. Here the city studies has been completed. As with all terminus will be established and inter- major infrastructure projects, the rst step change provided with bus rapid transit will be to move the various public utilities services. Over this section of the route Photo: Agence Française de Développement that are located along the line of route. plans envisage the use of Type 54 G2 Negotiations for an operating con- The route of the sections of the national rail network op- grooved rails laid on concrete sleepers. tract are expected to start shortly. e pilot line runs erated by Camrail. e alignment passes close to the from Bekoko in decision to move to the operational the northwest to e route starts near the intersec- busy Deido roundabout, and provision stage of the project follows detailed Carrefour Agip in the tion of the N3 and N5 motorways at will be made here for the alignment planning work triggered by the signa- main part of the city Bekoko, in the Bonabéri suburb west to cross one of the other planned tram of Doula. The line ture on July 29 2016 of a memorandum will cross the River of Doula, and runs on a northwest to lines. Stops along the route in the cen- of understanding between the govern- Wouri on a former southeast alignment to terminate in the tral area will include one to serve Cam- ment of the Republic of Cameroon, road bridge that is city near the intersection of Boulevard rail’s Bessengué station and another no longer needed represented by the Minister of Hous- following the de la Réunication with Avenue Japo- convenient for the city’s stadium, the ing & Development, and the Belgian- opening of a new ma, known as Carrefour Agip. A large Stade Omnisport de Bépanda. Turkish group Iristone-Ilci. is pro- bridge last year. park-and-ride terminal will be estab- Stops will be located about 500 m to vided for the establishment of a net- lished at Bekoko. 600 m apart, except along the northern work that would eventually consist of From the N3 to the junction with section close to the N3 between the ve lines totalling 85 km to 100 km, Rue de l’École Publique the alignment point where the line crosses the Camrail depending on the nal choice of route. will be double-track along the left side route to Kumba and the Bekoko termi- Possible destinations include the airport of the road looking towards Douala. On nus. Here the distance between stops and a new administrative zone. this section ballasted track consisting of will be increased to around 800 m. If all goes ahead as planned, the rst Type 49 E1 at bottomed rails will be Stops will generally have a platform section of the pilot line could be up and laid on concrete sleepers. Level cross- on each side of the double track, but running in 2021-22. Around 1 000 jobs ings will make use of Strail components, there will be island platforms along would be created. with Type 54 G2 grooved rails through Boulevard de la Réunication in order e Belgian-Turkish consortium has the crossings. to avoid occupying too much of the been working with the local business Roughly at the midway point of the road. All stops will allow easy access for community to ensure that Cameroon line in the Bonassama district, west of people with reduced mobility or those companies are involved in many aspects the Wouri River, the alignment will with pushchairs or prams. of the scheme. ey will have a role to change to two single tracks. Trams Each major junction will be equipped play in geotechnical work, earthworks, bound for Douala will run south of the with tra£c lights and signals giving drainage, paving, concrete production N3 and those travelling out from the priority to trams. Similarly, pedestrian and other elements of the project. city will use a track north of the N3 crossings with tra£c lights will be in- along Rue de l’École Publique. stalled at the stops. e principles of the Route e two tracks converge again in Bo- tra£c control system have been dened is rst line will have a length of nassama on the west bank of the River and agreed with Siemens, which would about 18·5 km, and construction will 1 000 Wouri before crossing the waterway on be responsible for design and manufac- enable the contractors to gain experi- an old road bridge, which was super- ture of the equipment. ence ahead of work to build the other jobs seded by a new structure that opened four lines. e line will be built to me- last year. e new bridge has six lanes Railway systems COULD BE CREATED tre gauge, as in the long term there is a IF DOUALA’S PLANS and space for two main line rail tracks e main contractor has approached possibility of developing a tram-train FOR A PILOT TRAM for Camrail services, only one of which Voestalpine and Vossloh Cogifer as sup- network with through running over LINE GO AHEAD has been laid so far. A tram stop with pliers of track and related equipment.

MRIN_Spring19_p020-021.indd 20 18/04/2019 15:35:04 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 21 Pilot Tram Line DOUALA

Martin Rose, which is employed by Kumba © Railway Gazette 2019 Cartography by Andy Hellawell Camrail, is expected to obtain the con- N 0 5 km tract for tracklaying. Point motors for Bekoko the main route and the depot areas are P+R to be supplied by Hanning & Kahl. Bepele Furrer+Frey has been solicited as the Industrial Lobe Zone supplier of the 750 V DC catenary. Immeuble à Quatre Etages e consortium is planning to acquire Ngwele 42 vehicles, each around 44 m long. e Besseke eet will be kept secure in a mainte- Bonaberi nance and depot area that includes a Bonassama Bangué main hall and a dedicated maintenance Nkomba P+R Ngando building. e site and its facilities will Industrial Zone Deido be large enough to cater for storage and maintenance of rolling stock for two Stade Omnisport other lines, thereby making the most Douala de Bépanda Bessengué DOUALA Agip Interchange of investment in expensive equipment Wouri River such as an underoor wheel lathe and Tram line planned Douala vehicle lifting plant. Equipment for the Camrail city centre Edéa, workshop would be provided through Yaoundé the Belgian rm Buhlmann who will work with VAB to supply signalling in the depot area. A two-aspect signalling the Belgian-Turkish consortium in col- grid and to the various substations that system with speed supervision if needed laboration with Siemens is to build a will supply the trams with traction will be installed along the pilot route. 65 MW gas turbine power plant in the power at 750 V DC. ere will be 11 industrial area of Bonabéri located south 42 portable substations supplied by ABB, Power supply of the N3. is would provide enough including two close to each end of the One of the most dicult problems power for normal operations with some trams line. e depot and maintenance area to solve is ensuring a reliable supply of reserve available for use at peak hours; will have its own substation that will be electricity for traction and other ser- any surplus could be fed into the nation- ARE TO BE independent from the running line. e ACQUIRED BY vices. In recent months Cameroon has al grid serving the city of Douala. BELGIAN-TURKISH substations will all be prefabricated and experienced a number of power supply High-voltage cables (15 kV AC) will CONSORTIUM delivered in containers so that they can problems, and the solution devised by connect the power plant to the national IRISTONE-ILCI be easily installed in a limited space. Q

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MRIN_Spring19_p020-021.indd 21 18/04/2019 15:36:50 22 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International INDIA Metros Openings and approvals hit Indian headlines The pace of Indian metro development picked up at the start of 2019, with openings and approvals coming thick and fast.

rogress with Indian metro projects can sometimes feel slow, especially compared with countries like China. is was Pnot the case, however, in the rst few months of 2019. As well as metro openings, several project approvals made the news. Nagpur inaugurated its rst metro line on March 8. e 11·8 km rst phase runs between Sitabuldi in the north and Khapri in the south via the airport, serving 11 stations. e 7·1 km northern section is elevated and the rest of the route is at-grade. Sitabuldi will be the interchange with the future 18·6 km east-west metro line, which would serve e north-south route is due to be 19 stations between Prajapati Nagar extended at both ends in December. A and Bansi Nagar. northern extension from Sitabuldi to CRRC Dalian has supplied a eet of Automotive Square would add 6·7 km 23 three-car trainsets to operate on both and seven stations, while a 1·2 km lines under an Rs8·51bn order placed in southern extension would take the line March 2017 that also includes 10 years to Metro City and add two stations. of maintenance and sta training. Plans for the second phase were for- e stainless steel bodied 25 kV mally adopted by the Maharashtra state 50 Hz trainsets have a maximum speed government on January 8, and the De- of 80 km/h and a crush load capacity of tailed Project Report submitted to the 974 passengers. Siemens has supplied national government for endorsement. CBTC signalling. Expected to take four years to build, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid Phase 2 would add a further 48·3 km the foundation stone for the metro in of elevated route and 35 stations to the August 2014, and test running started initial two lines. e state has also ap- Nagpur’s ﬁrst metro added. e existing north-south line in October 2017 using two Hyun- proved a Rs112bn funding package for line, inaugurated would be extended north by 13 km from on March 8, runs dai Rotem trainsets on loan from the the second phase. between Sitabuldi Automotive Square to Kanhan, adding Hyderabad metro. Phase 2 would see ve new sections and Khapri via the 12 stations, and south for 18·5 km from airport. Mihan to the Butibori industrial estate with 10 stations. e east-west line would be extended east by 3·5 km from Prajapati Nagar to Transport Nagar in the Mahalgaon district, adding three stations. In the west, the line would continue for 6·7 km from Lokmanya Nagar to Hingya, with seven stations, while a 4·5 km branch would diverge northwards from Vasudev Nagar to Datta Wadi, serving three stations. e rst 6·5 km section of the Ahmedabad metro was inaugurated on The Ahmedabad March 4. e network is being developed metro has a ﬂeet by the Gujurat Metro Rail Corp, a spe- of three-car trains supplied by Hyundai cial purpose vehicle established in 2014 Rotem. by the national and state governments

MRIN_Spring19_p022-024.indd 22 18/04/2019 11:36:43 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 23 Metros INDIA

to develop a metro network for the Hyderabad metro neighbouring cities of Ahmedabad and Line 3 has been extended west Ghandinagar. Construction of the rst from Ameerpet to phase began in 2015 and is expected to Hitech City. be completed by 2023. e Rs107bn cost is being supported by an Rs60bn soft loan from Japan International Co- operation Agency. e rst phase includes two routes in Ahmedabad which intersect at Old High Court. e 21·2 km east-west Line 1 with 17 stations will run from Vastral Gam to altej Gam, including 6·5 km underground through the city centre. e 18·9 km north-south Line 2 with 15 stations linking the Motera cricket stadium to APMC in Gyaspur will be elevated throughout. e rst section to open was the elevated eastern part of Line 1, between Vastral Gam and Apparel Park, serving formally approved the 15 km second Of this, 59·5 km is located in Uttar six stations. Hyundai Rotem is supply- phase of the project, which will see the Pradesh, with lines 1, 3 and 4 serving ing a eet of three-car trains which will line extended east from Sector 71 and Ghaziabad, Vaishahi and Noida. be based at two depots: Apparel Park on then south to Knowledge Park V in e openings followed that of the Line 1 and Gysapur on Line 2. Greater Noida. Serving nine more sta- next phase of the driverless Line 7, also e second phase of the metro was tions, the extension is expected to cost known as the Pink Line, on December formally approved by the national gov- Rs26bn to build. 31. e 9·7 km section between Lajpat ernment on February 19. is will see Prime Minister Narendra Modi o¨- Nagar and Mayur Vihar Pocket 1 with the network expanded to Ghandinagar cially inaugurated two metro extensions three underground and two elevated at an estimated cost of Rs53·8bn. Line 2 in Delhi on March 8, ahead of their en- stations was the fourth section of Line is to be extended north by 22·8 km from try into passenger service the following 7 to open, and came two months after Motera Stadium to the Mahatma Man- day. the Shiv Vihar – Trilokpuri Sanjay Lake dir conference centre, while a 5·4 km Line 1, also known as the Red Line, section was inaugurated. Line 7 will branch will serve the Ghandinagar Na- has been extended by 9·6 km east from eventually form a 58·4 km U-shaped tional Law University and the Gujurat Dilshad Garden to Shaheed Sthal/ route from Mukundpur to Shiv Vihar. International Fin-Tech City on the east New Bus Adda, serving eight new sta- bank of the Sabarmati River. tions. Line 1 thus becomes the rst line Hyderabad and Mumbai of the Delhi metro network to serve the e western section of Hyderabad Capital region city of Ghaziabad in the neighbouring metro Line 3 entered service on March e 29·7 km Aqua Line metro serv- state of Uttar Pradesh. 20. e route from Ameerpet to Hitech ing the Noida and Greater Noida dis- Line 3 has been extended by 6·7 km City extends the initial section of Line tricts to the east of Delhi was formally on an elevated alignment between Noi- 3, which was inaugurated on November inaugurated on January 25. da City Centre and Noida Electronic 28 2017 between Ameerpet and Nagole. Authorised by the state government City. is adds a further six stations e Hitech City extension forms part in October 2014 at an estimated cost of to the southeastern branch of the Blue of Phase 1. When complete, the metro Rs50·6bn, the line has been developed Line. will form a 72 km network including by the Noida Metro Rail Corp special Two metro lines in Opening of the two extensions takes Line 3 and two north-south lines. Line Delhi have been purpose vehicle. e state and national extended, including the total length of the Delhi metro net- 1 opened in two phases in November governments each contributed 20% of the Red Line. work to 373 km, serving 271 stations. 2017 and September 2018, but Line 2 the cost, with the remainder raised from is yet to open. external sources. Running from Sector e second phase of the Mumbai 71 to Depot, the Aqua Line serves 15 monorail opened on March 3. e stations in Noida and six in Greater 11·3 km Phase 2 runs from Wadala to Noida. Interchange with the Delhi Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk, and is an Metro Blue Line is provided at Sector extension of the 8·3 km Phase 1 from 71, which is around 300 m walk from Chembur to Wadala which opened in Sector 52 station on Line 3. 2014. e line is operated by a eet of 19 Services operate from 06.00 to 22.00, four-car trainsets supplied by CRRC. with a journey time of 30 min for the ese can carry around 1 000 passen- entire 19·5 km route with 17 stations. gers, and have wheelchair spaces in Construction of the monorail has both driving vehicles. A consortium of been undertaken by a joint venture of Ansaldo STS and ZTE has supplied Larsen & Toubro and Scomi Engineer- the signalling, train control and tel- ing, which supplied the air-conditioned ecoms, o¢ering ATO over CBTC using four-car straddle trainsets with a ca- the technology adopted for Wenzhou pacity of 560 passengers and a maxi- Line S1 (p15). mum speed of 80 km/h. In December On December 4 the Greater Noida Mumbai Metropolitan Region Devel- Industrial Development Authority opment Authority terminated the joint

MRIN_Spring19_p022-024.indd 23 18/04/2019 11:36:53 24 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International INDIA Metros

venture’s PPP concession to develop use from 10% to 27% of the city’s popu- and operate the route and took opera- lation of 3 million people, reducing traf- tions in-house. c, cutting journey times and helping to lower emissions. Uttar Pradesh Metro Rail Corp e European Investment Bank Completion of the 23 km Phase 1-A provided a €450m long-term loan to of the Lucknow Metro was marked support the project. Project promoter on March 8, when Modi ceremonially Lucknow Metro Rail Corp is now to be agged o an inaugural train using re- restructured as the Uttar Pradesh Metro mote video-conferencing. Passenger Rail Corp, which will be responsible for services were scheduled to start the fol- developing metro projects in other cities lowing day. in the state including Agra and Kanpur. e initial 8·5 km between Transport Both of these were recently approved by Nagar and Charbagh with eight sta- the national cabinet. tions opened in September 2017. e As well serving one of the largest cit- line has now been extended 2·6 km ies in Uttar Pradesh, the two-line Agra south to Charan Singh International Metro will serve tourist destinations in- Airport and 12·6 km north to Mun- cluding the Taj Mahal and Agra Fort. shipulia, completing the priority phase Completion is planned in ve years at of the project, which has 19 stations on an estimated cost of Rs83·8bn. a 19·4 km elevated alignment and three Line 1 would run for 14 km from on an 3·4 km underground section. Sikandra to Taj East Gate, with six el- Tunnelling was undertaken by Tata evated and seven underground stations Projects. serving destinations including the Taj In 2015 Lucknow Metro Rail Corp Mahal, Agra Fort, Raja Ki Mandi sta- awarded Alstom a €150m contract to tion and the medical college. provide 20 four-car Metropolis train- Line 2 would run 15·4 km from Agra sets and CBTC signalling. e 25 kV Cantt to Kalindi Vihar, with 14 elevat- AC trains were designed in Bangalore ed stations serving Agra Cantt, Collec- and manufactured at the Sri City plant. torate, Sanjay Place and several densely Alstom’s factories in Bangalore and populated residential areas. Saint-Ouen in France supplied the Ur- e project will be nanced by the balis 400 CBTC, with the line switch- national and state governments and The second phase with four elevated and four under- ing over in January from manual driving through soft loans from bilateral and of the Mumbai ground stations. is would improve monorail adds with ATP to GoA2 attended ATO. multilateral international funding agen- 11·3 km to the line. connectivity in densely populated resi- e line is intended to be the rst of cies. e state government has allocated dential areas including Kakadeo and a network which is being planned with Rs1·75bn for the 2019-20 nancial year. Govind Nagar. the aim of increasing public transport Two lines have been authorised for e estimated cost of the project is Kanpur, with construction expected Rs110·8bn, which is to be nanced by to take ve years. One would run for the national and state governments on 23·8 km from the Indian Institute of an equal equity basis and through soft Technology Kanpur to Naubasta, with loans from international funding agen- 14 elevated and eight underground sta- cies. e state government has already tions. is line would run through the allocated Rs1·75bn for the project in city centre, serving IIT Kanpur, CSJM the 2019-20 nancial year. University and GSYM Medical Col- In both Agra and Kanpur, non-fare lege as well as Jhakarkati bus station and Completion of Phase revenue would come from rental and Kanpur Central railway station. 1-A of the Lucknow advertising as well as value capture from Metro was marked e second line would run 8·6 km on March 8. The line transit-oriented development and the from Agriculture University to Barra-8, is mostly elevated. transfer of development rights. Q

MRIN_Spring19_p022-024.indd 24 18/04/2019 11:37:13

26 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International MEXICO CITY Improvement Investment comes after years of decline

ll the public transport Public transport investment is a priority for Mexico City and the modes in Mexico City have surrounding region. Fortunately, it seems that progress is being made one thing in common: the urgent need for investment. at last. Stefan von Mach reports. AOver the past decade they have been suering from underinvestment and towards metro infrastructure and roll- Mexico City suffered total of eight service providers operate overcrowding; infrastructure and eets ing stock maintenance. e bus network from pollution and at the metropolitan level. Five of these high ozone levels in need to be modernised to improve ser- will be allocated 600m pesos to update the 1980s and 1990s. are in the Federal District and cover bus vice quality and reliability. its eet, and a further 500m pesos will Several programmes concessions, the metro, the Metrobús e situation is being rectied by pay for the completion of light rail track have resulted bus rapid transit network, the tradi- in a signiﬁcant the city government led by Claudia maintenance and the purchase of new improvement in tional bus network, trolleybuses and Sheinbaum which took oce last year. trolleybuses. recent years, but light rail. In the neighbouring state of It plans to invest 10·2bn pesos this ere are also plans to streamline the trafﬁc congestion is México there are dierent operators for still a reality. year, of which 4·8bn pesos will be put fragmented governance structure. A individual bus concessions, the Mexibús BRT network and a suburban rail line. is fragmentation is a barrier to in- Table I. Public transport in Mexico City and the state of Mexico tegration. ere has never even been an ocial map showing all modes. How- Network Mode Routes Operator Fare length km ever, there are hopes that the trans- Metro 12 226·5 STC 5 pesos port authorities and operators will co- 15 private operate to create a unied tari struc- Metrobús (BRT) 8 140·0 6 pesos concessions ture. e trolleybus and urban bus net- Trolleybus 8 203·6 STE 2-3 pesos works are to receive prepaid ticketing Light rail 1 12·8 STE 4 pesos devices, and unied branding is to be 6·5 pesos (up to three Ferrocarriles developed. Suburban rail 1 27·0 stations), 15 pesos (more Suburbanos/CAF Buses, minibuses and microbuses than three stations) comprised the main modes in 2017, Different private Bus >200 n/a 2-8 pesos operators representing around 52% of journeys. 106 private 5 pesos (short), 7 pesos 10∙2 e modal share of all public transport Microbus >1 000 n/a operators (long) in Mexico City and the state of México Transmasivo (1), bn pesos is 73%. Transcomunicador PLANNED Mexibús (BRT) 3 51·8 (2), Red de 7 pesos INVESTMENT BY Transporte de Improving air quality MEXICO CITY Oriente (3) GOVERNMENT IN Despite the high modal share, con- Mexicable ALFA, SAB, Grupo 1 4·8 PUBLIC TRANSPORT gestion and pollution remain problems. (cable car) IUSA DURING 2019 Cuts in public transport provision have

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on air pollution, but it has also sped up journeys, as many microbuses are no longer on the roads. Metrobús is now su¥ering from overcrowding at the interchanges, leading to long waiting times for passengers. However, thanks to continuous investment and its relatively young age, it is faring better than other modes. An estimated 27% of metro rolling stock is not operational, and almost half of the trolley bus eet is out of service. wider transport system, create a cycling culture, and increase access to cycling. In Metro expansion ‘‘ 2010 the Ecobici bike-sharing scheme e focus on developing BRT since ‘Metrobús was one of was launched, and the introduction of 2000 means that the metro network has electric taxis and a new metro line have only grown by 25·1 km in this time. is the ﬁrst public transport also helped. occurred with the opening of Line 12 However, the most visible scheme between Tláhuac and Mixcoac in 2014, projects in the world to is the Metrobús BRT network, which which brought the network to 226·5 started operations in 2006 and has route-km and 195 stations. be granted credits for grown to become one of the larg- e metro is operated by the pub- est BRT networks in Latin America. licly owned STC and is one of the greenhouse gas emissions’ Metrobús was one of the rst pub- most important modes: in 2017 it car- lic transport projects in the world to ried 1·616bn passengers. Line 2 is the been exacerbated by expanding car be granted credits for greenhouse gas busiest, carrying 813 959 passengers per ownership: as the population has grown emissions, and is eligible for the UN’s weekday, with lines 1 and 3 not far be- from 14·5 million in 1990 to more than Clean Development Mechanism. Not hind, with 727 000 and 701 000 respec- 20 million, the number of cars has dou- only has the BRT had a positive impact tively. All other lines carry 150 000 to bled from 2 million to 4 million. A series of programmes since 1990 has resulted in reductions in local air Table II. Metro extensions in Mexico City, under construction

pollution as well as CO2 emissions: a and planned

reduction of 7·7 million tonnes of CO2 Length Trainsets emissions in 2008-12 beat the city’s tar- Line Route Stations Status km required get of 7 million. 12 Mixcoac – Observatorio 4·5 3 10 Under construction Although progress has been made 9 Tacubaya – Observatorio 1·5 1 2 Under construction since the nadir of the 1980s and 1990s Buenavista – Colegio B 2·0 2 2 Planned — in 1992 the UN reported that Mex- Militar ico City was the most polluted city in 8 Garibaldi – La Raza 3·2 3 4 Planned the world — there is still a long way to Constitución de 1917 – 8 7·1 4 8 Planned go. Levels of ozone are the highest of Santa Marta 5 Politécnico – Tlalnepantla 6·5 6 6 Planned any city in Mexico, and beyond the rec- The introduction ommended limits of the World Health of bus rapid transit 4 Martín Carrera – Tepexpan 25·6 21 24 Planned Organization. Following a reduction was spurred by the A La Paz – Chalco 13·2 6 16 Planned need to improve Martín Carrera – Villa de of dangerous ozone levels, they have air quality and 6 5·7 5 5 Planned risen again since 2016, and in March transport. Aragón that year Mexico City experienced its rst ozone alert in almost 14 years. e government responded immediately by introducing new driving rules that prohibit every car from driving on one working day a week. Pollution is not the only problem, with trac congestion and poor public transport provision also inuencing quality of life and the economy. Accord- ing to a study by the Institute for Trans- portation & Development, the negative externalities of congestion, local pollution, noise, greenhouse gas emissions and road accidents in ve urban areas across Mexico have a social cost equal to 4% of the total GDP of those cities. In 2008 the Ministry of Environ- ment opened a Non-Motorised Mo- bility Strategy Oce to co-ordinate the implementation of better cycling

infrastructure, integrate cycling into the Photos: Stefan von Mach

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Lechería, S Andrés de Tepexpan Ojo de Agua Tepexpan la Cañada 4 Continued on Inset B (left) Cuautitlán (Mexibus 1) MEXICO CITY Anáhuac Hank González Lázaro RealCardenas del Valle 4 Viento NuevoJardines de Morelos Palomas Metro lines Hospital General depot rubber-tyred lines Santa Clara steel wheel lines Las Américas Santa Clara under construction B Ciudad 5 Tlalnepantla Olímpica Azteca planned Jajalpa Miguel Hidalgo Light rail line Plaza Aragón Cable car Tulpetlac Martín El Cardonal Trolleybus Carrera Pino Suárez Bus rapid transit Inset B (at 50% scale) Olímpica Xalostoc Other railways Ecatepec passenger service depots under construction Las Vegas Altavilla 5 G I El Rosario stabling 67 point Villa Hermosa Río de los 3 5 Politécnico Remedios Múzquiz Ferrería / Tenayuca CP depot Arena Ciudad 3 Indios San Felipe de México CP de Jesús Ll Tezozómoc Instituto del 1Verdes Vasco de Petróleo Aquiles Serdán Deportivo Quíroga Río de los Azcapotzalco Vallejo 18 de Marzo Remedios Lindavista depot Norte 45 4 S t a Impulsora M t Martín Carrera e ex A La Villa- 6 o i f Camarones Autobuses c Basílica o M del Norte C ex i Potrero t i y c Talismán o La Raza Nezahualcóyotl Refinería 8

Circuito 6 2 Valle Bondojito Tacuba Misterios Gómez Cuatro Caminos Cuitláhuac Villa de Aragón Panteones Tlatelolco Consulado Eduardo Bosque de Aragón Popotla Molina Toluca B Buenavista Garibaldi Colegio Militar Canal Aragón Deportivo Oceanía del Norte San Joaquín Normal B 4 Lagunilla Romero Oceanía Guerrero 8 San Cosme Rubio Tepito Morelos Revolución Ll Bellas Artes Aeropuerto T1 Internacional Hidalgo 5 Ricardo 4 Benito Juárez Polanco CuauhtémocBalderasJ A Zócalo Flores Magón Insurgentes SJ G Terminal N Candelaria 4 Aerea IC Moctezuma Sevilla M San co Auditorio Balbuena Hangares xi Lázaro e Salto Pino y I T2 La Paz, M i t Niños D 4 depot f C del Suárez FS Cuautla o o Chapultepec Héroes c S 1 depots e i Agua 9 t San x a Blvd Puerto Aéreo t e Antonio Pantitlán S M Hospital Gomez Farías 5 Juanacatlán General Abad Jamaica S A depot Constituyentes Obrera Velodromo Zaragoza Patriotismo LV Agrícola 2 LC Mixiuhca Ciudad Oriental Tacubaya Chabanco Deportiva Puebla 9 Chilpancingo Centro 1 Médico Santa 4 Canal de Viaducto Anita San Juan Chimalhuacán Observatorio 3 (Mexibus 3) 9 Xola Coyuya 12 Etiopía San Pedro Tepalcates de los Pinos Álvaro Obregón Iztacalco 2 Villa de Cortes Guelatao San Antonio Eugenia Valentín Campa División Insurgentes Nativitas Central stations 12 D Sur del Norte Apatlaco Toluca 1 IC Isabel la Católica Mixcoac Zapata 1 M Merced Parque de los Aculco 2 A Peñón Viejo Venados Allende 20 de Portales 3 J Juárez A Noviembre 4 FS Fray Servando D 8 SJ San Juan de Letrán La Paz Escuadrón 201 8 D Barranca 7 Coyoacán Cerro Doctores Santa del Muerto Ermita de la 8 LV La Viga Eje Central Iztapalapa 9 LC Marta Estrella Lázaro Cárdenas 8 Mexicaltzingo Viveros General Atlaliclo Anaya Atlaliclo UAM-I Miguel Ángel depot 8 de Quevedo Tasqueña Constitucion 2 de 1917 San Francisco depot Las Torres A K Copilco Culhuacán Continued Ciudad Ciudad Jardín on Inset A (below left) Universitaria K La Virgen San Andrés Tomatlán Xotepingo Universidad 3 Nezahualpilli Calle 11 Lomas Periférico depot Registro Federal Estrella Oriente

Textitlán

El Vergel Olivos 1 El Caminero Estadio Tezonco Azteca Nopalera Peñón Viejo Inset A (at 50% scale) Acatitla Huipulco 0 5 km Zapotitlan Tlaltenco 8 Los Reyes

Pantitlán Santa S Xomali ta A La Paz Marta te Tláhuac 12 M o e f x M depot i c e o x Periférico depot ic C o Tepepan ity

La Noria Huichapan Tlaltenco Chalco A depot Cuautla Francisco Goitia Xochimilco Cartography by Andy Hellawell © Railway Gazette 2019

MRIN_Spring19_p026-031.indd 28 18/04/2019 15:44:11 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 29 Improvement MEXICO CITY

450 000 passengers a day. crowded lines. e metro eet consists of 292 nine- Two extensions are under construc- car and 29 six-car rubber-tyred train- tion. A 4·5 km underground extension sets, which operate on 10 lines, and 20 of Line 12 from Mixcoac to Observato- nine-car, 30 seven-car and 13 six-car rio is currently 29% complete, and open- steel-wheeled trainsets. Most lines op- ing is likely in 2021-22. e two-station erate in GoA1 with ATP, whereas lines extension has an estimated cost of 11bn A and B use S ATC. Line 12 is pesos. A 1·5 km extension of Line 9 to equipped with CBTC from Alstom, Observatorio is also being built. enabling GoA2 for the rst time in More extensions are planned (Ta- Mexico City. ble II). However, a 5 km extension of In terms of network expansion, the Line B and the construction of a 21 km focus is on extensions rather than new monorail between the city centre and lines. is aims to improve connectiv- the planned new airport are unlikely to ity between the city centre and outer go ahead, following the cancellation of suburbs, as well as relieving the most the airport project last year.

Metro upgrades Left: Metro Line 5 is operated by seven- and nine-car trainsets. The 50-year-old vehicles are As with light rail and trolleybuses, - likely to be modernised in the near future. nancing has been an issue for the metro. Below: Balbuena metro station is one of eight A lack of investment has aected service that have been fully refurbished in recent quality, reliability and safety. e situa- years. Dating from 1969, the station has been tion has improved in recent years with ﬁtted with new lighting, side panels, and passenger information and safety systems. the start of several projects to modernise infrastructure dating from the 1960s Bottom: Inaugurated in 2014, metro Line 12 is the newest metro line in Mexico City, and the and 1970s. Eight underground stations second to be steel-wheeled. have already been modernised in the past three years. A 174m peso investment is planned in 2018-30 for the digitalisation of station equipment and the installation of S on Line 8. A further 49·6m pesos is to be invested in the short term into the upgrade of track and wayside equipment, and 235m pesos will be spent on safety and security. As the oldest trainsets are reaching the end of their service life, eet modernisation is also taking place. In 2016, 10 nine-car sets were ordered from CAF for €164m. Deliveries have com- menced from CAF’s Huehuetoca plant

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in the state of México, and the rst trains are already in service. SIGNAGE Rolling stock on other lines is to be refurbished at a cost of 6·9bn pesos, and Iconography and 10 trainsets are to be procured this year at a cost of 3·3bn pesos for the line 9 art in the metro and 12 extensions. In 2020-24 investments of 7·6bn pesos are planned for Passengers are fascinated by the simplicity of rolling stock refurbishment and 400m metro signage in Mexico City. In addition to the standard tools such as colour, icons are used: pesos for new stock. In this period, four each station has an individual symbol referring sets are to be purchased for a planned to a characteristic of that station. These facilitate extension of Line A to Chalco. orientation for those passengers who do not know the city, do not speak Spanish or simply Trolleybuses and light rail cannot read (the illiterate population of Mexico reached 26% in the 1970s). As a result, the icons New vehicles are also coming to the do not only create a metro map, but also a rich trolleybus network. Operator STE is picture of Mexican history. to procure at least 100 trolleybuses in The history of the icons is linked to the 2019-24, and a 290m peso tender for Summer Olympic Games of 1968. American 30 vehicles is currently being prepared. graphic designer Lance Wyman created signage for the event that was easy to understand, using A 12·4 m low-oor Ridder E trolley- simple symbols to represent the sports. This was bus, built by Dina with Škoda electrical such a success that the search for a metro signage equipment, has been on test since 2017. designer led naturally to Wyman. He worked e eet of 135 vehicles is ageing: the with a team of architects, photographers and oldest date from 1975 and the young- graphic designers, who designed the original concept of the graphic and visual design, est entered service in 1999. e city including the metro logo. government’s priority is to modernise Several stations have also been decorated with Top: The Mexico City metro is known for its decorated the eet as soon as possible, and 20 re- art. The Zapata station logo depicts Emiliano stations. Zapata station features caricatures of Emiliano furbished trolleybuses are due to enter Zapata, a national hero from the Mexican Zapata, a national hero. service this year. Revolution of 1910-20, and the entire station Above: Each metro station has its own icon, to ease has been decorated with artistic images and orientation. Chapultepec station refers to a nearby park e network was once among the caricatures of Zapata. Q whose name translates as ‘grasshopper hill’. largest in the world, with 30 lines serving 300 km in the 1980s, but now only eight routes operate over 203 km. Some rail vehicles supplied by Bombardier Vaqueritos in Xochimilco in the south routes are to be reintroduced, as cate- Mexico and its predecessor Concarril is due to enter service. Being developed nary is still extant in some places where Mexico in 1990-2014. at a cost of 800m pesos, it will partly run trolleybuses no longer run. parallel to metro Line 8. Many passen- e publicly owned STE also oper- The success of Metrobús The trolleybus gers are reluctant to use the metro due ates the 13 km Tren Ligero light rail e Metrobús network is also ex- network has been to overcrowding and prefer microbuses, suffering from line, which connects the southern ter- panding. In March 2018, the 15 km years of massive taxis and private services such as Uber. minus of metro Line 2 at Tasqueña Route 7 opened, bringing the BRT net- underinvestment. e city government is looking into with the Xochimilco district. e line work to 140 km. Later this year a 20 km The last ﬂeet two further routes to be developed in renewal took place carries 30·34m passengers a year using extension of Route 5 from San Lázaro in 1999, but this is 2019-24. Route 8 is to be a 50 km U- 24 articulated two-car high-oor light near the city centre to Glorieta de back on the agenda. shaped line alongside the ring road from Alameda Oriente in the northeast to Cuatro Caminos in the northwest. is might use the toll road for express buses, which has until now been reserved to well-o£ drivers willing to pay the relatively expensive toll. e 15 km Route 9 would connect San Lázaro with Santa Martha in the east and would run parallel to metro lines 1 and A. Metrobús ridership is 1·24 million passengers a day, with the busiest route being the 18·3 km Route 1, carrying 480 000. Ridership on the other lines is between 130 000 and 180 000 passengers per day, except for the short and lower-capacity Route 4. Services are run by 15 private operators using 439 articulated buses, 104 double- articulated buses, 55 standard diesel buses (including nine hybrids) and 90 double- decker buses with Euro 6 diesel engines.

Integrating regional transport A separate BRT network, branded Mexibús, operates within the state of México. is was developed to improve

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The 27 km Tren Suburbano line links Mexico City with Cuautitlan, passing through suburban and industrial areas. In Lechería the line passes over a freight yard.

Fe business district. e line will use a new alignment to avoid the single-track freight line operated by Kansas City Southern de México. Ridership is expected to be 230 000 passengers a day. e 1 435 mm gauge line is electried at 25 kV 50 Hz and will be equipped with ETCS Level 2. CAF is supplying a ¢eet of 39 Civia ve-car EMUs. e section in the state of México is 90% complete and test running has started. However, completion of the urban section has been delayed, and inauguration is not expected until 2022-23. e project cost has increased from the initial 46·27bn pesos to 70·97bn pesos. operating in Spain. e line uses an existing freight alignment, crossing this Hope for the future? on a viaduct at Lechería. e 1 435 mm To supplement the existing transport gauge line is electried at 25 kV 50 Hz mix, other modes are envisaged, espe- and is equipped with ETCS signalling. cially in areas that have been disadvan- e line carries 195 000 passengers a taged so far. One such mode is the cable day, although this can rise to 270 000 on car. A reference project, Mexicable, was busy days. However, it is still not achiev- inaugurated in October 2016 in Ecatep- ing the forecast 320 000 passengers per ec de Morelos in the state of México. day. e operator hopes to increase the e 4·8 km route with ve intermedi- number of feeder bus routes to the sta- ate stations has reduced journey times to tions from 140 to 180 in order to boost 17 min from 1 h using ground transport. the connections between Mexico City The former central ridership. Four more cable cars are being studied. and the surrounding area. e same is railway station at CAF would like to extend the line to As with other plans, the main chal- Buenavista has been true of the Tren Suburbano railway. e transformed into a Huehuetoca, but it lacks funding and lenge will be nance. However, it is en- 27 km suburban line from Buenavista in shopping centre and political support. e 10 km extension, couraging that Andrés Manuel López Mexico City to Cuautitlan was devel- includes the terminus together with the purchase of 10 more Obrador, who took over as President of the city’s only oped under a €596m PPP concession, suburban rail line. trains, would cost 6·4bn pesos. last year, is much more in favour of with €116m from the federal government A second suburban rail project is tak- public transport investment than his and the remainder from operator CAF. The Tren Ligero ing shape. e 57·7 km Tren Interur- predecessors. e situation could also Operations started in 2008 with 20 light rail line is the bano will link Mexico City with Toluca be helped by the cancellation of the only survivor of the four-car CAF electric multiple-units once extensive tram to the west, serving a new multimodal €11bn airport project, which could free based on R’s Cercanías Series 447 network. station in Observatorio and the Santa up funds for investment elsewhere. Q

MRIN_Spring19_p026-031.indd 31 18/04/2019 15:45:19 32 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International NEWCASTLE Integrated transport

e network was then redesigned using a trunk-and-branches principle. Services on the trunk routes operate at A new approach clockface frequencies throughout the day to make journey planning easier. e secondary branch routes serve less densely populated areas and so run at lower frequencies. An important part for Newcastle of the network is the provision of interchanges, including some designed for The opening of the city centre tram line is the latest change to public future tram extensions. transport in the Australian city of Newcastle, as Keolis International is conguration is designed to CEO Bernard Tabary tells Karol Zemek. provide more intensive services where needed while freeing up vehicles from areas of lower use. Overall, the eect ebruary 18 was a big day for selected a consortium of Keolis and The trams underwent should be one of greater bus ridership. Newcastle, as 20 000 peo- Downer EDI to operate not only the 10 000 km of testing Tabary admits that ‘the immediate im- between October ple turned out to celebrate tram route, but also the existing bus and the inauguration pact in terms of ridership has not been the opening of the city’s rst and ferry networks. According to Keo- of the route in huge’, because it takes time for changes Fmodern tram line, which began operat- lis, this is the rst multimodal transport February. to take eect: ‘this is the rst step of a ing at 05.05. e 2·7 km route with six system to be operated by a private op- 10-year story’. stops between Pacic Park in the east erator in Australia. is journey is being made together and Wickham in the west replaces the Keolis International CEO Bernard with Transport for NSW, which wants nal section of the railway from Sydney Tabary describes working in Newcastle to grow public transport ridership in to Newcastle, where services were sus- as ‘a very positive experience’, pointing to Newcastle. To achieve this, the opera- pended at the end of 2014. the ‘professional and dedicated sta ’ that tor is incentivised to increase ridership, e line has been built by Downer the new operator encountered during the so a narrow focus on increasing services EDI, and CAF has supplied a eet of handover. Keolis Downer took over the would not be enough by itself. six ve-section low-oor Urbos LRVs. operation of 174 buses and two ferries e 33 m long vehicles have capacity for before the tram line began operations. Changing expectations 270 passengers and are equipped with But Keolis Downer does not want Keolis Downer faces the challenge of surfboard racks. e vehicles are also to merely maintain the existing level having to increase ridership as passen- equipped with onboard energy storage of service. ‘We took over a network gers become more demanding. Tabary to permit catenary-free operation, with designed for a traditional service with notes that the development of digital charging taking place at stops. Test run- typical ridership’, notes Tabary, ‘but we ning began in October, and the trams un- want to improve the network and en- ‘‘BERNARD TABARY CEO, KEOLIS INTERNATIONAL derwent 10 000 km of testing before the courage ridership’. inauguration. Signicant changes have already been made in this direction. Keolis Downer ‘It is up to us to A new operator recongured the bus network in January e introduction of trams is not 2018 following an analysis of network demonstrate that trams the only recent change to Newcastle’s coverage and bus use across the city. e transport landscape — since July 1 results of this showed which areas were can help weave the social 2017 a new transport operator has been underserved by buses, and conversely in place under a 10-year contract. In where the ridership was not commen- fabric of the city’ 2016 Transport for New South Wales surate with the level of service provided. Metro Report International | Spring 2019 33 Integrated transport NEWCASTLE

technologies in transport has had an im- Melbourne and Gold Coast, and the pact on passenger expectations, and not operator is drawing extensively on just in terms of basic information provi- this experience. While the large legacy sion. In addition to having regular time- network in Melbourne provides useful tables available, passengers expect to be experience in areas such as safety and notied immediately if there is disrup- maintenance, the greeneld Gold Coast tion to the service, and to have the in- project oered a chance to work with formation to choose alternative routes in transport authorities to debug a new such a situation. ‘ey want a choice and system and deal with passengers who they want to be recognised’, says Tabary. are not used to trams. e availability of real-time information on apps means that performance Autonomous vehicles is move visible than ever, and it has to ‘Integrated transport is the most ef- be ‘spotless’ to ensure that passengers fective way to deliver public transport choose to use public transport. Keolis Downer strategy to encourage public transport across multiple modes’, said Keolis Digital technologies also open up ﬁrst took over the use, with car use discouraged through Downer CEO David Franks at the operation of buses new opportunities to get people away and ferries before measures such as higher parking fees. opening of the tram line. Tabary agrees: from private cars. Keolis Downer is the tram line began ere is still some way to go to change while he sees trams as ‘an excellent tool embracing these opportunities, and has operations. Keolis the modal split. Many Newcastle resi- to make the network more attractive’, International CEO introduced an on-demand service to Bernard Tabary dents have no experience of public trans- he stresses that they are not an end in Newcastle. Bookable through an app, has praised the port, and few would remember the rst themselves. He notes that passengers in this enables passengers to be served by ‘professional and generation of trams that ran between cities with multimodal public transport dedicated staff’. public transport beyond xed bus and 1887 and 1950. Transport for NSW, networks use an average of 1·7 modes on tram routes. the city and Keolis Downer are working a journey, and part of the operator’s role Initiatives like the on-demand ser- with communities to raise awareness of is to provide a well-integrated service. vice are of a piece with a wider-ranging trams, including disseminating informa- e rapid development of digital regeneration of the city. is is being tion targeted at pedestrians, cyclists and technology suggests that the services funded partly by proceeds from the car drivers. ‘It is up to us to demonstrate oered in Newcastle will continue privatisation of the port. ‘Newcastle that trams can help weave the social fab- to evolve over the life of the contract. is changing fast’, arms Tabary, and ric of the city’, says Tabary. Tabary is already looking ahead, and it is in this context that the transport He would know. Keolis operates says that in the longer term Keolis operating contract was awarded. e 25 tram networks around the world, Downer would examine the possibili- government is pursuing a two-pronged including in the Australian cities of ties oered by autonomous vehicles. Q

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MRIN_Spring19_p032-033.indd 33 18/04/2019 11:49:06 34 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International WIEN Automation

Metro network development U2xU5 was ocially launched on October 8 with a ceremony at the site of the future Matzleinsdorfer Platz U2 station, which will oer interchange with main line services. e Matzleinsdorfer Platz station site will initially be used as a launching shaft for the tunnel boring machines that will excavate tunnels north to Neubaugasse and Augustinplatz. ese will become part of Line U2 when they meet the existing route at Rathaus. is extension of U2 is due to open in 2027, with a further southern extension from Matzleinsdorfer Platz to Wienerberg following in 2029 at the earliest. e 1·7 km section of the existing U2 from Rathaus to Karlsplatz will become part of Line U5. e new line will use the existing U2 platforms at Rathaus, before running north to Frankhplatz in 2025 and to Elterlein- platz by 2026. e latter phase would include an interchange with Line U6 at Michelbeuern-AHK. Work on the interchange between the U2 extension and Line U4 at Pil- gramgasse is due to begin in mid-2019 and will coincide with a partial blockade of U4. Operator Wiener Linien and the city are investing a total of €335m in refurbishing U4, which is expected to take until 2024. In addition to station work, rails will be replaced and new crossovers built. Work is also underway Photo: Toma Bačić to refurbish stations on Line U6, having started in 2017. Barcelona metro operator TMB is providing technical assistance on the Bringing driverless U2xU5 project. According to Wie- ner Linien forecasts, the U2 extension would carry 170 000 passengers a day, technology to Wien and Line U5 120 000 passengers. A new ﬂeet Line U5 will be operated with a eet Work has started on the ﬁrst driverless metro line in Wien, and of Type X trainsets being supplied by investments are being made in other modes as well. Toma Bačić reports. Siemens under a contract awarded in 2017, which covers 34 trainsets and options for 11 more, as well as 24 years of he latest metro expansion Some station use is growing: in 2018 total ridership maintenance. project in Wien took a step buildings on metro was 961·7 million passengers, up from Deliveries from Siemens’ Wien fac- Line U4 were forward in February with the designed by Otto 954 million in 2016, although metro tory are scheduled to run from mid- start of work on the future Wagner in the late ridership fell from 440·1 million pas- 2020 to 2030. e Type X sets will also TFrankhplatz-Altes AKH station. is 19th century as light sengers to 428·8 million. be able to operate at a lower level of rail stops. will be part of the city’s rst driverless metro line, which is due to open in 2024. e construction of Line U5, and the associated project to expand Line U2, forms the largest transport project currently underway in the Austrian capital. e €1bn U2xU5 project aims to close a gap in network coverage, which is important in the rapidly growing city. Wien already has 1·9 million inhabit- Wiener Lokalbahnen ants, with a further 1 million in the uses Class 100 and

wider urban area, and public transport Class 400 LRVs. Bačić Photo: Toma

MRIN_Spring19_p034-036.indd 34 18/04/2019 11:56:59 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 35 Automation WIEN Photo: Wiener Linien/PID/Fürthner Bačić Photo: Toma

automation on existing metro lines, and trams, when the £rst Flexity Wien en- Above left: The first used on lines D, 1, 6, 67 and 71. e they are expected to replace all the Type tered revenue service on Route 67 on Bombardier Flexity 34 m long trams have capacity for 211 Wien trams entered U trainsets still in use. ese were man- December 6. revenue service on passengers and an entrance height of ufactured by Simmering-Graz-Pauker Bombardier Transportation is deliv- December 6 2018; 215 mm. e Flexity Wien eet will in 1972 and 1987. ering 119 trams from its factory in the the celebration allow Wiener Linien to withdraw the was attended by e six-car Type X trains will be city at a rate of one a month under a Executive City remaining class E1 and E2 high-oor 111·2 m long and 2 850 mm wide, with €431m contract signed in 2015. is Councillor Ulli trams. capacity for 928 passengers, including includes options for 37 more trams, as Sima and Wiener Linien CEO Günter 200 seated. Several features would help well as 24 years of maintenance sup- Steinbauer. New WLB stock to improve passenger ows, includ- port under Bombardier’s FlexCare Bombardier is also supplying Flexity Above: High floor ing the seating layout, walk-through programme. E2 trams from the vehicles for use on the light rail line op- gangways and a passenger information Deliveries of the base order are due late 1970s still form erated by Wiener Lokalbahnen which system providing directions for connec- to be completed in 2026. e trams are a large part of the runs from Oper in the city centre to Wiener Linien fleet. tions at each station. A transparent par- stabled at Favoriten depot and will be Baden. WLB ordered 18 TW500 light tition behind the driver’s cab would give 26 31 S2 Mistelbach passengers a view of the line. WIEN 0

S40 Tulln S3 Stockerau S1 Gänserndorf e aluminium bodied trains would 5 km Metro Strebersdorf have a maximum starting acceleration under construction Leopoldau U2 to become U5 1 of 1·2 m/s². In addition to regenerative planned Jedlersdorf braking, the trains will utilise energy re- Light rail / WLB duction measures such as LED lighting in tunnel street running and ecient HVAC. under construction D S7 service / out of use Grinzing Nußdorf Floridsdorf 38 25 Main lines 6 Breitenleer New trams on new routes 37 S-Bahn Heiligenstadt 4 Straße Tram projects are also pressing ahead, Neue Donau Oberdöbling 2, S45 after Wiener Linien decided in 2017 to Pötzleinsdorf 33 Kagran 41 Handelskai invest €70m into tram and bus services Hausfeldstraße Spittelau Hirschstetten 26 in 2018-20. 40 9 2 43 Erzherzog- S80 A 1·1 km southern extension of N Gersthof Donauinsel Karl-Straße Seestadt 102 S40 Route D is due to open in mid-2019, 42 Franz O Stadlau Hernals Mb Schottenring Praterstern Aspernstraße Josefs (Wien Nord) taking the line from Alfred-Adler- Elterleinplatz Fp 5 O Messe Donau » 25 Straße to Gudrunstraße, adding two 44 33 Schwedenplatz Ottakring Rh St Seestern stops. is is intended to serve the new- 3 1 46 Ernst- S50 Rekawinkel Vt Happel Lobau ly built district at Sonnwendviertel. Landstraße 49 WLB Stadium Hütteldorf 618 2 Construction on the next tram pro- Ng Praterkai 5 Key to station names: 52 Karlsplatz 18 Fp ject is due to start in mid-2019. e 4 9 Schlachthau- Frankhplatz-Altes AKH West Bhf. 52 gasse Mb Michelbeuern-AKH northern Route O extension would run S45 S50 60 Rennweg Ng Neubaugasse Pilgramgasse S60 St Marx Rh Rathaus for 1·4 km from Praterstern to Nord- Sü St Stephansplatz 10 Hauptbahnhof Sü Südtiroler Platz / Hbf bahnviertel, adding four stops. Opening Längenfeldgasse D Vt Volkstheater is due by late 2020. 5 Gudrunstraße Meidling 8 67 Haidestraße Philadelphiabrücke Matzleinsdorfer Further network expansions are 62 S3 Speising 2 Platz Reumannplatz 3 planned. In the Nordbahnviertel dis- 1 Simmering Hetzendorf Wienerberg- Grillgasse straße O trict a new route is to be built, known Monte as Route 12. Route 67 is to be extended Altes Laa 6 Atzgersdorf Landgut 71 southeast from Reumannplatz, and 67 Zentralfriedhof Alaudagasse two extensions of Route 25 are also Alterlaa Neulaa Kaiserbersdorf planned. In the south of the city, Route Oberlaa Liesing 1 S7 Wien 15 is to be built between Meidling and Neu Erlaa Schwechat Altes Landgut after 2028. 60 Blumental Kledering Investments are also being made into S1 Mödling 6 S2 Wiener S80 Wiener rolling stock. At the end of 2018 the Siebenhirten Wiener Lokalbahnen S60 Bruck Cartography by Andy Hellawell Neustadt (WLB) Baden Neustadt © Railway Gazette 2019 city welcomed its latest generation of

MRIN_Spring19_p034-036.indd 35 18/04/2019 11:57:45 36 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International WIEN Automation

rail vehicles on December 20 2018, with lithium iron phosphate batteries, which PROJECTS the option for an additional 16. As with power a 150 kW motor. the Flexity Wien contract, the €94m In 2019-20 seven electric buses are to Graz tram investment order includes 24 years of maintenance enter service on Route 4A. e 12·1 m under FlexCare. e rst LRVs are due long buses supplied by Rampini have to enter service in 2021 and will re- capacity for 63 passengers including 28 place the TW100 LRVs that date from seated. Like the Siemens buses, the bat- 1979-93. teries on these will be charged through e WLB eet is stabled at the Inz- a roof-mounted pantograph. ersdorf depot, which opened on March 21 2018. e 6 500 m2 facility replaces Railway investment the Wolfganggasse depot, which closed Wien is also served by a suburban a few weeks after the new depot opened; rail network, branded S-Bahn. is is the line near it was rerouted through receiving a €450m investment follow- Flurschützstraße. Built in 26 months, ing an agreement signed between ÖBB, the Inzersdorf depot features 1 720 m the city authorities and the Ministry of of stabling tracks and a two-storey of- Transport in June 2016. e govern- ce building. ment is providing €380m, with the bal- e new LRVs will enable WLB to ance coming from the city budget. is introduce 7 min headways from 2021, is to be used for the purchase of new doubling the service from the current rolling stock and station modernisation. 15 min. e route carried 12·7 million A separate funding package is being passengers in 2018. used to upgrade the Hütteldorf – Mei- dling section of Line S80. Level cross- Autonomous vehicle trials ings are to be eliminated, and the line Wiener Linien expects to carry its will be double-tracked on the bridge rst passengers on a driverless road ve- across the River Wien. Stations will be hicle this year. e auto.Bus Seestadt built at Hietzinger Hauptstrasse and

Photo: Toma Bačić Photo: Toma project, which started in mid-2017, Stranzenbergbrücke, and the existing Graz Linien received 45 Stadler Variobahn trams between 2009 and 2015. involves two autonomous shuttles sup- Speising station will be modernised. plied by Navya running on a 2·2 km Once the €265m project is completed Five projects intended to relieve congestion on the Graz route between Seestadt metro station in 2025, services on Line S80 can be tram network are due to be completed by 2023. The 67·2 km and Gisela-Legath-Gasse. made more frequent. network in Austria’s second-largest city carries 170 000 e autonomous shuttles have a max- e work is being funded as part of a passengers a day. The Land of Steiermark is providing €43·8m, the city imum speed of 20 km/h and can carry €4bn package announced by rail infra- €44·5m and the federal government €29·1m under a up to 10 passengers plus an attendant. structure manager ÖBB Infrastruktur financing agreement signed on February 5 2018 between Travel will be free. in January covering the Länder of Wien, Mayor Siegfried Nagl and Steiermark Infrastructure Minister In addition to Navya, Wiener Lin- Niederösterreich and Burgenland. ÖBB Anton Lang. ien has partnered with the Austrian Infrastruktur manages around 2 000 Three of the projects are extensions. The most important will provide a second connection between the northern Institute of Technology, the Austrian route-km of railway in these three and southern parts of the network, which are currently only Road Safety Board, Siemens and TÜV regions. connected by a congested line along Herrengasse. A 1 km Austria. e initial tranche in 2019 is put at route is to be built from Jakominiplatz to Annenstraße via ese are not the only electric road €600m, with the full €4bn to be dis- Neutorgasse, Belgiergasse and Vorbeckgasse. Work on the vehicles in operation in Wien. Since bursed to 2023. Several regional projects €27m project is due to take place in 2020-23. The Reininghaus extension is a 1·8 km route from mid-2013, bus routes 2A and 3A have are to be carried out under this invest- Eggenberger Straße to a new turning loop at the former been operated with a eet of 12 battery ment package, including a route study Hummel Barracks in the west of the city. In addition to the buses supplied by Siemens. e 7·7 m for a second line to Wien airport. Q tram line, around 4 km of footpaths and cycle paths will be long vehicles have capacity for 40 pas- built, bringing the project cost to €44·1m. Work is due to sengers including 13 seated, and have begin this year and last until 2021. Although numerous new trains were purchased The 1·1 km Smart City extension is intended to run north so far covered a total of 1·3 million km. for the S-Bahn recently, part of the fleet is still from Asperngasse to Peter-Tunner-Gasse. It would be built in e buses are equipped with 96 kWh composed of the older Class 4020 trainsets. 2020-21 at a cost of €22·4m. Two double-tracking projects are also planned. In the south, 1·4 km of Route 5 between Zentralfriedhof and Puntigam is to be doubled in 2022-23 at a cost of €15·3m. The northeastern end of Route 1 is also to be double- tracked, between Mariatrost and Hilmteich. The 1·2 km first phase has been underway since 2018, and the double- tracked Mariatrost – Mariagrün section is due to open this year. The 700 m Mariagrün – Hilmteich section is due to follow in 2023. The total cost is €8·6m. In February 2019 the city council discussed two further extensions at an estimated combined cost of €200m. One extension to Gösting would carry 55 000 passengers/day, and the other, to Strassgang, between 30 000 and 40 000. An extension to Don Bosco railway station is also planned. Separately, a cable car has been proposed across the Mur River. This is still at an early stage of planning, and several routes for the so-called Murgondelbahn have been proposed. Q Photo: Toma Bačić Photo: Toma

MRIN_Spring19_p034-036.indd 36 18/04/2019 11:58:14

38 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International MARKET Metro Car Orders

multiple-units to operate on London’s Elizabeth Line. It is perhaps surprising that Kawasaki sits in third place, given that it only reported two orders. One o f these is the second-largest of the year: 535 cars for the New York Subway, including the network’s rst through-gangwayed vehicles. Kawasaki’s other order was for vehicles to operate the PATH network also serving New York. Fourth-placed Siemens is in a similar situation: only two orders, but one of them huge. Siemens carried o the largest order of the year — despite a legal challenge by the losing bidders — being selected to supply 564 cars to operate London Underground’s Piccadilly Line. Siemens’ other contract was for 24 cars to Nürnberg. India’s BEML achieved fth place in the ranking thanks to a single very large contract. is covers three lines in Mumbai, which between them are to receive 378 cars. In terms of announced order volumes, CRRC would only be in sixth place, as six of its seven contracts are for an undisclosed number of vehicles. Its Metro car orders Nanjing Puzhen subsidiary is supplying 300 cars to Nanjing, while the CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co joint venture with Midas won contracts in Hangzhou and Shenzhen. CRRC’s rising again only export order came from Istanbul. Hyundai Rotem continued its strong performance, although it reported or- A strong year for the metro rolling stock market saw the award of ders for just 284 cars, well down from several large — and contested — orders. the 752 that put it in second place in 2017. Two contracts from its home market — covering 100 cars for Seoul orldwide metro car Siemens won the and 193 rubber-tyred Azur cars for the and 48 for Busan — were augmented by orders in 2018 grew largest reported existing network. e latter order is an export contracts from Taoyuan, Almaty metro car order strongly from the pre- of the year and option on a contract that metro opera- and Vancouver. vious year. Announced will supply 94 tor STM placed with a consortium of Hitachi’s largest reported order dur- ordersW for more than 4 000 cars gave the trainsets for London Bombardier and Alstom in 2010. Al- ing the last year was for 168 monorail Underground’s highest annual total since 2014. Piccadilly Line. stom’s share of the latest option is rather cars to Panamá City. Its Italian busi- Growth was especially strong in Eu- smaller than its partner’s. ness also won contracts in Milano and rope and the Americas. Two orders were e French supplier also won rolling København, cities in which its rolling placed in Latin America, a region that stock orders for two projects in Paris. stock (or that of predecessor company had been absent from our table in 2017, However, its largest win was to supply AnsaldoBreda) is already operational. but order volumes in the Middle East 248 cars for Line 3 in Mumbai. Other Hitachi is also to undertake some de- and Africa fell sharply. orders came from Hamburg (again in sign work for the rolling stock that It is worth noting that several orders, consortium with Bombardier), Barce- BEML is supplying to Mumbai. mostly from China, were announced lona, Singapore and Taipei. Škoda Transportation won one large without the number of cars being Apart from the two orders with order, to supply 222 cars to Warszawa. specied. Alstom, Bombardier reported three is has been subject to a lengthy legal contracts, putting it in second place in dispute since Škoda was selected as pre- Supplier trends terms of volume. is was helped by a ferred bidder, but the challenge looks to Alstom was the leading supplier very large order from Singapore, where have been resolved, allowing the con- among reported orders, picking up con- a deal to supply 396 cars for the North- tract to be signed. tracts for more than 1 000 vehicles. is South and East-West Lines makes up CAF won two orders totalling 140 takes into account two contracts won in 248 more than half of Bombardier’s total cars for Amsterdam (90) and Barce- partnership with Bombardier, for a to- even when the contracts won as part lona (50). Kinki Sharyo and Metro- tal of 192 vehicles, in addition to seven cars of consortia are included. A separate wagonmash won one each, for Doha other orders. contract to upgrade the Bukit Pan- and Baku, respectively. Chinese bus FOR LINE 3 IN Alstom won large orders for two sep- MUMBAI WAS jang peoplemover includes the supply builder BYD is to supply monorail cars arate projects in Montréal: 212 cars for ALSTOM’S LARGEST of new rolling stock. Bombardier is to Salvador as part of a project to de- the REM driverless elevated light metro ORDER WON IN 2018 also supplying more Aventra electric velop a new line.

MRIN_Spring19_p038-043.indd 38 18/04/2019 16:00:06 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 39 Metro Car Orders MARKET

Asia With the Chinese metro market continuing at high volumes, CRRC reported the award of several contracts, either for its own business units or joint ven- tures in which CRRC is the majority shareholder. CRRC Nanjing Puzhen is to supply 50 six-car trainsets to operate on Nanjing metro Line 5, with deliveries to start by the end of October 2019. e CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co joint venture of CRRC Nanjing Puzhen and Midas Holdings won two contracts to supply vehicles to Bukit Panjang peoplemover. New sig- Shenzhen. One of these is worth 1·15bn nalling and the 19 replacement vehicles yuan and covers Phase 3 of Line 4. are due to be in service by the end of NPRT was also awarded three contracts 2022, with all work, including the in- to supply cars to Hangzhou, including stallation of new power rails and the de- those for Phase 1 of Line 6 and for the commissioning of legacy track circuits, Hangzhou-Fuyang Inter-city Line. scheduled to be completed by 2024. ree rolling stock contracts were Bombardier is required to deliver the placed by Singapore’s Land Transport rst two new vehicles for testing and Authority. e largest of these is the commissioning in the third quarter S$827m contract with Bombardier for of 2020. ese would have AC trac- the supply of 66 six-car trainsets for tion motors, LED lighting and better the North-South and East-West lines. air-conditioning than the 19 vehicles ese would replace the 66 trains that that were supplied for the opening of have been in service on the two lines the line in 1999. Bombardier will also since they opened in 1987. e contract supply onboard equipment to update Hyundai Rotem won collection systems. Completion of the value would rise to S$1·2bn if an op- the 13 vehicles introduced in 2015. e orders from cities rst phase of Line 7 is envisaged for in its home market tion is exercised for service support over new eet is to be equipped with condi- including Seoul (top) 2025. their design life of 30 years. tion monitoring. Under a pilot project, and Busan (above). e other order from Taiwan went to e trains are to be tted with sensors Bombardier will provide 10 years of ser- Hyundai Rotem. e 54·2bn won con- for condition-based predictive mainte- vice support to operator SMRT. tract covers the supply of 40 two-car nance, and a self-test system that auto- LTA also awarded Alstom a €150m driverless trainsets to the Taoyuan met- matically checks whether a train is t for contract to supply six more six-car Me- ro Green Line, which is also due to open operation before commencing service. tropolis trainsets from its Barcelona fac- in 2025. e trains are to be assembled Four of the trains will be tted with au- tory to increase capacity on the North at the Changwon plant in South Korea. tomatic track inspection equipment. East Line and 11 more three-car train- Hyundai Rotem also won two orders Deliveries are due to begin in 2021, sets for the Circle Line. in its home market. Under a 361·5bn with the trains to be assembled at the Meanwhile, Taipei City Govern- won contract, it will supply 50 two-car Changchun plant in China. e trains ment’s Department of Rapid Transit driverless trainsets and railway systems will be designed in Germany, with de- Systems awarded an Alstom-led con- for a 13·4 km underground line con- sign co-ordination led by Bombardier’s sortium the €378m rolling stock and The ﬁrst train for the necting Seongdong-gu and Nowon-gu team in Singapore. As part of the pro- railway systems contract for the rst future Thomson-East in northeast Seoul, due to be completed Coast Line arrived ject, Bombardier will work with local phase of metro Line 7. in Singapore in mid- in 2024. partners to establish a centre of excel- Alstom’s €220m share of the contract 2018. A consortium e trains would have capacity for lence in Singapore. e aim is to bring includes the supply of 19 four-car Me- of Kawasaki Heavy 172 passengers and a maximum speed Industries and CRRC in local sub-suppliers to provide obso- tropolis trainsets, Urbalis CBTC for Qingdao Sifang Land of 70 km/h. Rotem will supply the sig- lescence management and maintenance driverless operation, S¡¢£¢ and plat- are supplying 91 nalling, communications, track, power support more easily. form screen doors. Local partner CTCI four-car driverless supply and platform screen doors as trainsets under a Earlier in the year Bombardier won is to provide the track, power supplies, contract signed in well. e consortium developing the a S$344·3m contract to modernise the depot equipment, telecoms and fare 2014. project also includes Hyundai Engi- neering, Doosan Engineering & Con- struction, Kumho Industrial Co and KBI Construction. Busan Transportation Corp awarded Rotem a 55·6bn won contract for the supply of 48 cars for metro Line 1. Deliveries from Changwon are due to be completed by 2020. ese air- conditioned 80 km/h trains will be equipped with an onboard data recorder. BEML was selected to supply 63 six-car driverless trainsets to operate on Mumbai metro lines 2A, 2B and 7. e state-owned company’s bid of Rs30·15bn was the lowest, beating Alstom, Bombardier, a consortium of

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Titagarh Wagons and TitagarhFirema, Hyundai Rotem is Hyundai Rotem, CRRC, and CAF. supplying 32 metro cars for the Almaty BEML is to subcontract some design metro by 2020, in work to Hitachi. time for the opening BEML is to supply the stainless of a western extension. steel bodied 25 kV 50 Hz trains from its Bangalore factory between October 2020 and December 2022. Another large contract in Mumbai went to a consortium of Alstom Trans- port India and Alstom Transport: 31 eight-car driverless trainsets to operate Line 3, all of which are to be assembled in India. e stainless steel-bodied trains with a design life of 35 years will be 180 m long and 3 200 mm wide, with capacity for 300 seated and 2 350 stand- ing passengers (at 6/m2). ey will consist of six motor cars and two trailers, with each car having four doors per side. Alstom beat ve other bidders for the contract with Metrowagonmash for the signing of the contract to go ahead. contract, which is being supported by supply of two ve-car Moskva trainsets. Once this happens, Škoda is required Japan International Cooperation Agen- In the Middle East, Qatar Railways to deliver the rst six-car walkthrough Baku Metropoliten cy: Hitachi; CAF; Mitsubishi Corp; a signed a Co awarded Kinki Sharyo a contract to trainset within 20 months. All deliveries consortium of Kawasaki Heavy Indus- contract with supply a further 35 three-car driverless of the base order of 37 trainsets are due tries and BHEL; and a consortium of Metrowagonmash trainsets for the Doha metro project. within 53 months. Metro Warszawskie in February covering CRRC Nanjing, CRRC Changchun the supply of two e additional vehicles were ordered to has 30 months from contract signature and CRRC International Corp. ﬁve-car trainsets. increase capacity in 2022, when Qatar to exercise options for up to eight more hosts the FIFA World Cup, which is trains. expected to attract more than a million A legal challenge also held up the visitors. In the longer term, they will signing of the largest reported metro car support future expansion of the network order of the year. On June 15 Transport which Qatar Rail plans to undertake for London selected Siemens Mobility following the completion of Phase 1. to supply 94 trainsets for London Un- derground’s Piccadilly Line, but signing Europe was delayed after the two losing bidders CRRC’s sole order outside its home submitted a legal challenge to the de- market came from Istanbul Metro- cision. TfL had invited Alstom, Bom- politan Municipality, which signed a bardier, CAF, Hitachi and Siemens to US$500m contract for the supply of tender in 2016, and bids were eventu- four-car light metro vehicles. ally received from Siemens, Alstom and ere has been some delay in sign- a Bombardier-Hitachi joint venture. ing the contract in Warszawa. In June TfL said it saw ‘no good basis’ for the Metro Warszawskie selected a consor- objections and applied for the suspen- tium led by Škoda Transportation and sion to be lifted, which was granted by including Škoda Vagonka to supply up the High Court on November 2, al- Middle East and CIS to 45 trains for both lines. However, los- lowing the contract with Siemens to be Two orders came from the CIS re- ing bidders Stadler, CAF, Alstom and a signed later that month. gion. Hyundai Rotem signed an 80·8bn Bombardier Siemens-Newag consortium challenged e initial order worth £1·5bn covers won contract to supply 32 metro cars Transportation the selection. the supply of trainsets and an associated for the Almaty metro by 2020, in time won a further order In December the National Ap- 40-year «eet services agreement for the to supply EMUs for for the opening of the line’s western London’s Elizabeth peals Chamber ruled that it would not provision of spare parts and whole life extension. Baku Metropoliten signed a Line. uphold the objections, allowing the technical support, including the use

MRIN_Spring19_p038-043.indd 40 18/04/2019 16:00:46 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 41 Metro Car Orders MARKET of Siemens Mobility’s Railigent asset lines. It believes a single design would Assembly will take place at Alstom’s management suite. oer cost savings through standardisa- factory in Salzgitter, and entry into ser- Some trains are to be assembled at a tion of operations, sta training, equip- vice is planned for December 2020. factory that Siemens plans to build in ment, spares and maintenance. Nürnberg transport operator VAG Goole, but the delivery timescales mean TfL also ordered more stock for the ordered a further six Type G1 four-car that trains will be initially be supplied Elizabeth Line. Bombardier’s contract sets from Siemens Mobility. Scheduled from the factory in Wien. to supply a further ve nine-car Class to enter service on Line U1 from 2021, e rst trainsets are scheduled to 345 Aventra EMUs takes the total or- the trains would replace 12 two-car Type be delivered for testing in 2023 with der to 70 trainsets. e extra vehicles DT2 trainsets, and are designed for fu- entry into passenger service envisaged will follow on from the 585 Aventra cars ture conversion to automated operation. for 2024. is would enable peak fre- which Bombardier’s Derby plant is al- e order was placed by exercising quencies to be increased from 24 to 27 ready producing for the Elizabeth Line. the rst of two options for a total of up trains/h by the end of 2026. e air- Bombardier is also building more to 13 trainsets included in the €164m conditioned walk-through trains will trains for Hamburger Hochbahn, contract for an initial 21 sets which was be derived from Siemens’ Inspiro family. which directly awarded an Alstom- signed in December 2015. e trains eir introduction will enable the with- Bombardier consortium a contract to 500 are being built in Wien, with compo- drawal of the current eet of 86 trains supply 13 additional DT5 trainsets, nents including converters, motors and introduced in 1975. with two options each for the supply of US$m control systems supplied from Nürn- TfL has awarded the contract with a further 16 sets. berg, and project management and ser- the expectation that Siemens Mobility Alstom’s share of the contract is CONTRACT SIGNED vice support handled in Erlangen. FOR CRRC TO would be awarded contracts in the fu- worth more than €40m, and covers me- SUPPLY LIGHT Hitachi Rail Italy won two contracts ture to supply similar trainsets for the chanical systems. Bombardier will sup- METRO VEHICLES in Europe. e rst was signed with Bakerloo, Central and Waterloo & City ply electrical and traction equipment. TO ISTANBUL København metro authority Metro-

Table I. Metro car orders reported in 2018

Date order City Cars Supplier Value Remarks announced Shenzhen n/a CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co January 3 1·15bn yuan Line 4 Phase 3 Hangzhou n/a CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co January 3 1·09bn yuan Line 6 Phase 1 Hangzhou n/a CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co January 3 440m yuan Hangzhou-Fuyang Inter-city Line New York 535 Kawasaki Rail Car January 24 $1·4bn Options for up to 1 077 more Montréal 212 Alstom February 8 n/a Two-car sets for the REM network Baku 10 Metrowagonmash February 16 n/a Five-car sets. Contract signed on this date Paris 100 Alstom February 19 €157m Five-car sets for Line 11. Option on contract signed in 2015 Vancouver 24 Hyundai Rotem February 26 62·1bn won Canada Line Singapore 19 Bombardier March 7 n/a Bukit Panjang peoplemover København 24 Hitachi Rail Italy March 7 €50m Eight trainsets. Contract signed on this date Barcelona 50 CAF March 12 €75m Five-car sets. Four for Line 1, two for Line 3, four for Line 5 Barcelona 10 Alstom March 12 €17m Five-car sets for Line 4 London 45 Bombardier March 27 £73m Nine-car sets for Elizabeth Line. Contract includes maintenance Shenzhen n/a CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co April 13 n/a Hangzhou n/a CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Rail Transport Co April 13 n/a Six six-car sets for the North-East Line and 11 three-car sets for the Singapore 69 Alstom April 30 €150m Circle Line Amsterdam 90 CAF April 30 n/a Three-car sets. Options for 30 more Salvador n/a BYD May 25 n/a Monorail project London 564 Siemens June 15 £1·5bn 94 six-car sets for the Piccadilly Line Warszawa 222 Škoda Transportation-Škoda Vagonka June 20 n/a Six-car sets. Options for eight more Nanjing 300 CRRC Nanjing Puzhen June 26 n/a Six-car sets for Line 5. Contract awarded June 15 Taoyuan 80 Hyundai Rotem June 26 54·2bn won Two-car sets for the Green Line Taipei 76 Alstom July 10 n/a Four-car sets for Line 7 Milano 72 Hitachi Rail Italy July 16 €87m Six-car sets for Line 2 Mumbai 248 Alstom July 19 n/a Eight-car sets for Line 3 Singapore 396 Bombardier July 25 S$827m Six-car sets for the North-South and East-West lines New York 72 Kawasaki Rail Car July 30 $180m Eight-car sets for PATH Seoul 100 Hyundai Rotem August 20 361·5bn won Two-car sets Panamá City 168 Hitachi August 30 n/a 28 six-car monorail sets Busan 48 Hyundai Rotem September 11 55·6bn won Six-car sets for Line 15. First tranche from a famework announced Paris 150 Alstom September 20 €280m on May 2 covering up to 133 six-car sets for Line 15 and up to 50 three-car sets for lines 16 and 17 Doha 105 Kinki Sharyo October 4 n/a Three-car sets Almaty 32 Hyundai Rotem October 25 80·8bn won Four-car sets Istanbul n/a CRRC Zhuzhou October 26 US$500m Light metro sets. Contract signed on this date Montréal 153 Alstom, Bombardier November 12 €300m Nine-car sets Mumbai 378 BEML November 22 Rs30·15bn Six-car driverless sets for Line 3 Nürnberg 24 Siemens November 27 n/a Four-car sets Hamburg 39 Alstom, Bombardier December 11 n/a Three-car sets 42 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International MARKET Metro Car Orders

selskabet, covering eight driverless trainsets for lines M1 and M2. Deliver- ies under the €50m contract are due to be completed by 2020. HRI also signed an €87m contract with Milano transport operator ATM for the supply of 12 more type Leon- ardo trains for metro Line 2. e trains are being manufactured at HRI’s Reg- gio Calabria and Napoli factories. De- liveries are due to start in late 2019. Alstom won two orders in Paris, the rst of which was an option on an earlier framework contract signed in 2015. e latest option is for 20 ve-car rubber-tyred trains for use on Line 11. e €157m order is funded half by another 24 metro cars for the driverless RATP and half by regional transport Canada Line. Deliveries from Rotem’s authority Ile-de-France Mobilités. Changwon plant are due to take place e other order is the rst tranche of in 2019-20. a new framework contract that would Two orders came from Montréal. e cover up to 133 six-car trainsets for Line more signicant was for rolling stock to 15 and up to 50 three-car sets for lines operate the 67 km Réseau Électrique 16 and 17. On July 11 Île-de-France Métropolitain automated metro that is Mobilités conrmed that it had allocat- being developed by CDPQ Infra. ed €680m to fund 30 six-car trainsets e Groupe des Partenaires pour la for Line 15 South and 23 three-car sets Mobilité des Montréalais consortium for the rst sections of Lines 16 and 17. of Alstom Transport Canada and SNC- On September 20 a rm order was Lavalin O&M won the C$2·8bn rolling placed for 25 six-car sets for €280m. stock, systems, operations and mainte- e rst of these is due to be completed nance contract for the new metro. Es- in 2022, with entry into commercial More of the same: option for 30 more. e rst of these are timated at C$2·2bn, Alstom’s share service scheduled for 2024. e 108 m København is due to enter service in mid-2021. ey covers the supply of 106 two-car Me- to receive more long trains will have a larger prole than trains from Hitachi are intended to replace older stock. tropolis trainsets as well as Urbalis 400 existing Paris metro stock, and will be Rail Italy (top), Branded Inneo by the manufacturer CBTC signalling. Passenger services on able to carry 1 000 passengers. Accord- while Hamburger and Type M7 by the operator, the new the rst routes are due to start running Hochbahn has ing to Société du Grand Paris, these ordered additional trains are intended to be recognisably in mid-2021. will be the rst steel-wheeled trains to DT5 trainsets similar in appearance to Amsterdam’s A consortium of Bombardier Trans- be built for fully-automatic operation in from an Alstom- existing metro stock. Each aluminium portation and Alstom is to supply a Bombardier France, and they will be tted with an consortium (above). bodied trainset will be 59·6 m long and further 17 nine-car rubber-tyred train- onboard diagnostic system. 3 005 mm wide, with two driving mo- sets to operate on the existing metro Alstom won a small order from Bar- tor cars and an intermediate trailer. e network. Bombardier’s share of this celona metro operator TMB: two Se- trains will be equipped for GoA2 at- €300m contract is €188m and Alstom’s ries 9000 trains for Line 4 at a cost of tended semi-automatic operation, with share is €112m. e order is a follow- €17m. TMB also placed an order with provision for GoA4 unattended opera- on from a contract for 52 sets signed CAF, which is to supply four Series tion in the future when the cabs would in October 2010. As with the original 6000 trains for Line 1, two Series 5000 be removed. build, nal assembly will be undertaken trains for Line 3 and four Series 5000 at Bombardier’s factory in La Pocatière. trains for Line 5. ese are worth a total Americas Alstom’s site in Sorel-Tracy will supply of €75m. Alstom’s two orders Of the ve orders in North Ameri- bogies, motors, communications, pas- CAF’s other order of the year came for Paris include ca, three came from Canada. Hyundai senger information systems and CCTV. from Amsterdam. Public transport au- MP14 trainsets for Rotem signed a 62·1bn won contract ere were also orders for two sepa- use on Line 11 (left) Vancouver New York thority GVB placed a rm order for 30 and rolling stock for with regional transport rate networks in . Kawasaki Type M7 three-car trainsets with an Line 15 (right). authority TransLink for the supply of Rail Car is to supply 535 Subway cars for $1·4bn under a framework contract that includes options for up to 1 077 additional cars, which would bring the order value to $3·7bn if they are all exercised. Kawasaki is to supply 440 closed- gangway cars for the B Division, which are the New York Subway lettered routes; these will be equipped for operation under CBTC. It will also supply 75 cars for Staten Island Railway, and a further 20 open-gangway cars as part of a pilot programme. Deliveries are due to begin in 2020 from Kawasaki’s sites in Yonkers, New York and Lincoln, Nebraska. Kawasaki Rail Car won a separate

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$240m contract from Port Authority of winning orders in an increasing number Canadian orders When Transport for London prequalied New York & New Jersey to supply new of markets around the world. e group came from four bidders for a contract to supply 43 Vancouver (above trainsets for the PATH metro network is already dominant in the Chinese left) and Montréal trainsets for the Docklands Light Railway and refurbish existing stock. Kawasaki metro rolling stock market, and is likely (above). in 2017, it said that it expected to award is to supply nine eight-car trainsets for to win more orders as the metro con- the contract in late 2018, but this is now $180m in 2021-22 from its Lincoln and struction boom continues. At the start more likely to be the rst half of 2019. Yonkers facilities, and refurbish 350 of 2019 the company announced that Five bidders were shortlisted to sup- PA-5 cars that it delivered in 2009-12. its majority-owned subsidiary Nanjing ply 42 two-car trainsets for the Tyne & e refurbishment work will take place CRRC Puzhen Urban Rail Vehicle Co Wear Metro last year. Regional trans- at the Yonkers factory in 2018-24. had won a contract to supply rolling port authority Nexus expects to select Last year saw two orders from Latin stock for the Xuzhou metro. a preferred bidder by the end of 2019. America, both for monorail vehicles. Neighbouring India is also develop- It is likely that more rolling stock will Metro de Panamá signed a memoran- ing several metro lines, both in cities be ordered for the Grand Paris Express dum of understanding with Hitachi, with existing networks and in those project, within Alstom’s huge frame- Ansaldo STS and Mitsubishi Corp that do not yet have any. e coming work contract (above). for the supply of vehicles and railway years are likely to see contracts award- As this issue was going to press, systems for Panamá City Line 3. Hi- ed for rolling stock to operate in Vi- Stadler announced that it had been se- tachi will supply 28 six-car monorail sakhapatnam, Pune, Bhopal, Indore and lected to supply 254 metro cars for use trainsets, with Ansaldo STS providing Mumbai, among other cities. in Atlanta, with options for up to 100 signalling, telecoms and power supplies. Having completed a feasibility study more. e rst CQ400 vehicles are due Mitsubishi Corp will be in charge of last year, the government of Bahrain is to enter service in 2023. commercial aspects. expected to begin tendering for a metro While much has been written about Chinese manufacturer BYD signed in 2019. e rst phase would have two A consortium of the changing urban transport environ- Alstom Transport an agreement to build a 20 km monorail lines totalling 29 km, serving Manama Canada and SNC- ment, it is too soon to see large changes line in the Brazilian city of Salvador. and surrounding areas. Elsewhere in the Lavalin O&M won to the metro market. Even were the pace e R$2·5bn project is to be delivered Middle East and western Asia, contracts the C$2·8bn rolling of new project development to slow, stock, systems, in two phases, with the rst section due have already been signed for the sup- operations and there are still a huge number of networks to open in 2021. ply of metro trains to Cairo (Hyundai maintenance that will need replacement of rolling Rotem) and Baku (Metrowagonmash). contract for the stock as existing ®eets age. is alone REM light metro Future trends Orders for the two light metro net- being developed in should ensure the health of the supply In last year’s analysis, we noted that ‘an works in the UK are expected shortly. Montréal. market for some time to come. Q important development on the supply side was the announcement in Septem- ber [2017] of a planned merger of two of the world’s largest rolling stock suppliers’. e story has moved on: in early February 2019 the European Commis- sion blocked the proposed merger of Siemens Mobility and Alstom. One reason for the decision was the Commission’s opinion that the merger would have created an ‘undisputed’ leader in the supply of signalling for main line and urban railways. Follow- ing the Commission’s decision, Siemens said it would assess all options for the future of Siemens Mobility, while Al- stom said it planned to ‘focus on pursuing its growth path as a global leader in the mobility sector’. Many observers interpreted the planned merger as a response to the per- ceived threat posed by CRRC, which is

MRIN_Spring19_p038-043.indd 43 18/04/2019 16:03:43 44 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International RUSSIA Metros Photo: Alexander Chizhenok/Shutterstock Winners and losers

he role of metros in carry- The 2018 FIFA World Cup highlighted some sharp contrasts between ing spectators during the Russia’s metro networks, as Vladimir Waldin illustrates. 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia ranged from that of Ta mideld lynchpin in some host cit- of Line 3 that opened on May 26. The 2018 FIFA include a three-station extension in Ka- ies to fringe player elsewhere. Of the 11 Novokrestovskaya, built to serve the World Cup was zan ahead of the 2013 Summer Univer- hosted in 11 cities, host cities, six have metro networks, and stadium, can handle up to 30 000 enter- including six with siade, for which the city received 10·5bn it is no surprise that passenger num- ing passengers/h. e city also put new metro networks. roubles. bers grew signicantly at stations near rolling stock into service. In Nizhny During the event Novosibirsk is the only Russian city the St Petersburg World Cup venues. Novgorod a 2·5 km extension opened metro carried an with a metro that did not host any In Moscow the average daily increase on June 12 to serve the stadium. Both average of 100 000 World Cup matches. e city has al- across the network was 300 000 passen- projects obtained central government passengers per day located 15bn roubles from its regional more than usual. gers and in St Petersburg it was around funding: St Petersburg received 14bn budget to build an extension by 2021 100 000. ese large increases were roubles of the 37bn rouble cost and nevertheless small as a proportion of Nizhny Novgorod received 6bn roubles total ridership. By contrast, the Nizhny towards its 11bn rouble project. Novgorod metro increased its daily pa- Other host cities were not so lucky. tronage to more than 220 000 passen- Despite applying for federal funding, Ka- gers on match days, which was a dou- zan, Samara and Yekaterinburg received bling of the usual ridership. Travel was no central government money to extend free for holders of Fan IDs; in Moscow their single-line metros. e World Cup fans, journalists and volunteers used venues in those cities were too far from the metro an average of seven times a metro stations for most spectators, who day, and one correspondent set a record therefore had to use other modes. by making 216 trips during the tour- Since 2010 the federal government nament. Moscow also pioneered live has only provided funds for metro con- streaming of matches on board trains. struction in connection with interna- Novokrestovskaya station in e success of these three cities fol- tional sporting events. e only excep- St Petersburg was lows from having stations near World tion has been a 2·9bn rouble grant for built to serve its Cup venues. Some were built speci- Nizhny Novgorod as part of historical World Cup stadium and can handle up cally for this purpose. St Petersburg celebrations in the city. Aside from the to 30 000 entering gained two stations on a 5 km extension World Cup, sport-related metro projects passengers/h.

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that would serve a stadium to be used in the 2023 World Junior IIHF Cham- pionships, but federal funding is still uncertain.

Costs and funding Under Russian law, metros are mu- nicipal enterprises, and therefore only local authorities can invest in them. A loophole allowing some exceptions to the rule was nally closed recently with the passage of new legislation. is approach marks a change from Soviet times, when the central government would fund all or nearly all metro capital costs. With the transition to a market economy in the early 1990s, local governments were expected to contrib- ute, and the central government’s share was lowered to 80%, then to 50% in 1996

and 20% in 2002. In practice, the shares Photo: Vladimir Waldin hardly ever reached these levels. For instance, they covered 6% of Moscow’s The Nizhny Tunnels, including stations and network remains the country’s most construction costs in 2009, and St Pe- Novgorod metro equipment, cost an average of 10bn to extensive. It is also the only one that carries just over tersburg received 7% to 15% between the 30 million 15bn roubles per route-km to build, is meaningfully developing. Despite early 1990s and 2008. Federal funding passengers a year with the construction of an extension the economic diculties of the 1990s, for smaller networks could still occasion- on its two lines. typically lasting ve to six years. Cut- metro expansion was never interrupted. ally reach 50% so that work which had and-cover methods can save 2bn to 5bn e network had reached 311 route-km already been started could be completed. roubles and up to four years. Additional with 187 stations in 2012, when Mayor All seven metro networks in Russia savings could be made by using double- Sergei Sobyanin announced a 1tr rouble were designed to the same technical track bored tunnels, which rst appeared programme to build 150 route-km and standards. e only principal dierence in 2014-15 in St Petersburg, along with 78 stations by 2020. So far almost 80 km is in platform lengths, which are able top-down station construction. At some and 37 stations of this have been built. to accommodate trains of between ve stations in Moscow, platform arrange- In 2017 Moscow spent more than and eight 19·2 m cars. Most were built ments are being introduced with a plat- 150bn roubles on metro construction, as twin tunnels with island platforms. form on each side of a single track so and in 2018 the gure reached 384bn Sub-surface sections date from the that boarding and alighting passengers roubles. In October 2017 the mayor’s 1960s, and above-ground and elevated do not use the same platform. is leads oce agreed the nal part of the revised alignments remain rare, often having to a 15% to 30% saving on the overall funding package, covering 2018-20, been built as experiments. construction cost. which is valued at 2tr roubles. Final costs vary with other factors By April 2019, 67 km of tunnels and such as ground conditions, but it is ob- 55 stations were under construction, vious that the price is steep even for the engaging around 50 000 workers and 33 larger regions, which still have annual tunnel boring machines. Line 11, which budgets of less than 200bn roubles. will have 31 stations on a 70 km alignment when complete, is the priority, and Networks still expanding a 3·6 km section with three stations is With an ocial population of due to open this year. In a rst for the 12·4 million in 2017, Moscow is the country, the construction contract was largest city in Russia, and its 12-line awarded to a foreign rm: China Rail-

Photo: Vladimir Waldin way Construction Corp was awarded the 23bn rouble package in early 2017. Meanwhile, ridership fell from 2·6 billion passengers in 2006 to 2·38 billion in 2016, even though 35 stations were added. It started to grow slowly again in 2017, when it totalled 2·44 billion passengers, and reached 2·5 billion in 2018. e second-largest network is in St Petersburg, with 118 km and 69 stations, plus a further seven stations under construction. Work on a sixth metro line appears to be stuck because of funding and land acquisition issues. Several extensions are planned, but funding remains uncertain. Even lines already under construction are in trouble, owing to conict between the city authorities and contractor Metrostroy. Photo: Vladimir Waldin

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e city’s total annual budget for hastily adding exits at Alabinskaya sta- Rolling stock 2019 is around 629bn roubles. Its tion, which opened a few years ago. Fleets across the country consist of 120·7bn rouble transport plan for Development of the smaller networks three generations of rolling stock. e 2018 included much road building, is further hindered by low ridership, majority date from the 1970s, whereas with metro projects limited to 27bn with revenues covering less than half designs from the 1990s are used in roubles including the World Cup ex- of operating expenses. Kazan, Nizhny Moscow and Kazan, and even more re- tension funding. Financing for further Novgorod and especially Samara all cent designs operate in Moscow and St expansions could be restricted, in the have annual ridership of less than 2 mil- Petersburg. light of more general budget concerns lion passengers per km. e gure could e Moscow ¢eet is made up of as well as an absence of approved pro- rise if planned extensions are built, but around 5 740 cars forming more than jects. Up to 50bn roubles per year for their completion seems unlikely in the 700 trainsets, maintained in 19 depots metro construction is often talked foreseeable future. In the meantime, (a further three are planned). e St Pe- about, but only 28bn roubles has been headways have lengthened to 10 or even Moscow spent tersburg metro is operated with just over approved for 2019. 20 min o-peak, which further discour- more than 150bn 1 800 cars stabled in ve depots, with a roubles on metro Ridership is steadily decreasing from ages passengers and creates a vicious construction in 2017 sixth used as a maintenance facility. A a peak of 836 million passengers in circle. and 384bn in 2018. seventh depot is nearing completion. e smaller networks count between 62 and 130 cars in four-car formations. e exception is Kazan, which has 20 Kazan-type cars in four-car formations and 27 articulated Rusich cars operated as three-car sets. Metrowagonmash remains the largest rolling stock supplier. e Trans- mashholding subsidiary’s main factory is in Mytishchi, and it also uses the facilities of O¦§¨© in St Petersburg and TVZ in Tver. All export orders are fully or mostly produced at its main plant. Neva trainsets for St Petersburg are manufactured by the Vagonmaš joint venture of Škoda Transportation and Kirovsky Zavod (this has no connection with the St Petersburg-based Vagon- mash that went bankrupt in 2013). Most components are sourced domestically. Some rolling stock in Kazan Photo: Vladimir Waldin and St Petersburg uses components that 2008 to less than 727 million in 2017. Construction of initial metro lines have been imported or designed jointly is is despite ve new stations open- in Krasnoyarsk, Omsk and Chely- with Czech partners. e Oka trains in ing. Even though some areas are more abinsk began 2011-14, but in all three Moscow and the Rusich trains in Kazan than 30 min from a metro station, a cities work was suspended shortly make use of Alstom designs and electri- larger network might not add passen- after it started. However, the tunnels cal equipment. e Yubileyny trains in gers, but only increase operating costs. that were bored necessitate support for St Petersburg, as well as Rusich trains structures above them. Krasnoyarsk exported to Bulgaria, are powered by Funding difﬁculties spends up to 80m roubles annually on Hitachi traction motors. Russia’s other ve metros are much this, Chelyabinsk 1·3bn roubles and in In 2018 Moscow awarded a 51·2bn smaller, with between nine and 15 December 2017 Omsk received 800m rouble contract to MWM for 74 eight- stations each. Only two consist of roubles from the regional budget to- car trainsets plus maintenance. To be de- more than one line: Novosibirsk, car- wards such works. e three munici- livered in 2018-19, these would replace rying 80 million passengers per year, palities are now thinking about using the oldest E stock, and provide extra and Nizhny Novgorod with just over the completed tunnel sections for fast trains for the recent and coming exten- 30 million passengers. tram services. sions. Beyond this, 40 more trains are Kazan’s metro was the most recent President Vladimir Putin has ver- expected to be ordered by 2020. to expand, adding a one-station exten- bally backed plans for rail-based ‘rapid St Petersburg received 354 new cars in sion in August, but further plans are transit’ in Krasnoyarsk. is could in- 2016-18 which run in six-car formations in limbo. Despite the much-discussed corporate the partly complete metro on Line 3. e city plans to buy several start of preparatory work for a second tunnels and the city authorities might hundred more cars by 2027 to replace line, the draft of the city’s new master even make a claim for federal funding the ageing eight-car trains on Line 1. plan does not include any further metro towards the project. However, the only Another recent customer was Nizhny building until 2035, but instead focuses action taken so far is an announcement Novgorod, which received 23 cars in on light rail. Plans for the second metro of 1bn roubles towards the completion 28 2017 to boost its existing ¢eet and op- line have not been ocially cancelled, of the tunnels. According to Governor erate an upcoming extension. however, and one of the 12 stations is Aleksandr Uss, 65bn roubles is required bn roubles Few other cities are planning rolling even under construction, although work to restart work and inaugurate the ini- HAS BEEN stock acquisitions. e exception is Sa- is progressing at a snail’s pace. tial nine-station section in 2023. APPROVED mara, which is to receive several second- FOR METRO e other cities may face fund- Plans for metros in Rostov-na-Donu, CONSTRUCTION IN hand Rusich trainsets from Moscow ing diculties. e only work taking Perm and Ufa were cancelled at the pre- ST PETERSBURG free of charge this year so that older place is in Samara, where builders are liminary design stage. IN 2019 rolling stock can be replaced. Q

MRIN_Spring19_p044-046.indd 46 18/04/2019 12:03:34 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 47 3D Printing TECHNOLOGY

and geometry. For instance, the train door support is a full replacement for a traditionally produced metallic part, and the plastic used in its manufacture has been strengthened.

A digital transformation CAF’s Head of Development & Strategy Jose Francisco Molinero Reyes says that although there is no ‘conclusive data’ on the overall cost savings brought about by 3D printing, in some cases this could amount to 50% compared with traditional manufacturing methods. A more important benet, he says, comes from the shorter time to market, which can be reduced to a few weeks. For the cup holder, the time has been reduced from one month to one week. Furthermore, smaller production runs are possible. Other important benets include the ability to design and manufacture parts with di¡erent dimensions without the need for moulds. is allows modica- From cup holders tions to be accommodated in the manufacturing process in real time. e disadvantages generally stem from 3D printing still being a relatively to front-ends new technology. For example, 3D printed parts are still limited in their size, Additive manufacturing is emerging as a commercially viable option for and changes to some designs are needed in order to print the parts in the opti- producing components for transport applications, with CAF among the mum way. suppliers embracing the technology. However, Molinero Reyes sees 3D printing as part of the digitisation of manufacturing that will continue as a dditive manufacturing, or CAF subsidiary standards. Components made in this trend across the industry. Manufactur- 3D printing, is becoming RL Components way are found in a range of CAF rolling ing at CAF is undergoing a ‘complete presented a tram common in many industrial front-end produced stock, including trams for Newcastle in digital transformation’ which presents applications, and rolling using additive Australia (p32) and Saint-Etienne, light an opportunity to change the design Astock production is no exception. As in manufacturing last rail vehicles for Maryland’s Purple Line, process, enabling engineers and de- year. other industries, new possibilities are Mexico City metro trains (p26), and the signers to work together more closely. being explored as the still relatively nov- Civity multiple-units being supplied to Looking ahead, if the price of 3D print- el technology becomes more familiar. UK main line operator Northern. ing of metal becomes more competitive, A move towards more ambitious Parts for new vehicles are 3D printed this could open up further commercial projects can be seen in the front-end of at CAF Digital & Design Solutions in and technological opportunities. Q an Urbos tram presented at Tranvía de Linares in southern Spain. is facil- Zaragoza’s depot on October 24. is was 50 ity has one HP Multi Jet Fusion printer 3D printed by CAF subsidiary RL Com- that uses PA12 plastic. CAF also works ponents, and developed in partnership % with other partners, such as Tumaker and with CAF Digital & Design Solutions. POTENTIAL COST CNC Barcenas, that use large-format While additive manufacturing is not SAVING BROUGHT fused deposit modelling. After-sales parts new to CAF, the front-end is symbolic of ABOUT BY 3D are generally assembled and mounted at the shift from using the process for small PRINTING WHEN the respective operators’ facilities. COMPARED WITH components to larger parts. Since Sep- TRADITIONAL e introduction of 3D printing has tember 2016, CAF has produced around MANUFACTURING led to some modications of compo- 2 400 3D printed parts for use in its roll- METHODS nents, particularly in terms of materials ing stock. RL Components makes spare parts in this way, but these now form a smaller share of 3D printed components than nished parts, which are developed during the product design phase. Smaller components include cup holders, radio brackets, window frames, wiper covers and door supports. e larger parts, of 1 to 2 m, include exter- Components produced using 3D nal components made from materials printing include cup that comply with EN 45545 re safety holders and handles.

MRIN_Spring19_p047.indd 47 18/04/2019 12:07:31 48 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International MARKET Innovations

PRODUCTS IN BRIEF LIGHTING

Siemens Mobility has ordered 18 Corys desk simulators, which will be LED station illumination used to train operators on the CBTC Oce lighting specialist Future Designs has de- into the passenger space. that it is installing on the Queens signed and supplied three types of bespoke light- e totems are 7 to 11 m apart, and the lumi- Boulevard Line in New York. ing units to illuminate the passenger areas of naires needed to produce 58 000 lumens or 850 W, Following a successful pilot project, stations on the underground section of London’s compared with 5 000 lumens or 32 W for typi- Graz Linien is to equip its tram future Elizabeth Line. cal oce lights. e lit face is relatively small at network with track and wheel e lighting concept for the station concourse, 685 mm by 185 mm, and the large amount of condition monitoring and digital fleet management technology from ZF. escalator and platform areas aims to emphasise heat generated is dissipated through a substantial the spatial envelope rather than the light ttings custom-designed aluminium heat sink which takes Helsinki transport operator HKL themselves, while LEDs were selected to reduce the weight of each unit to around 80 kg. is to deploy Teleste’s S-Aware situational awareness platform energy and maintenance requirements, and thus In the event of a power failure, lighting will be to support decision making when life-cycle costs. provided by Ikon Emergency high-level and low- complex or critical incidents occur e main lighting on the station concourses level lights mounted on the sides of the waynd- on the metro network. will come from Future Designs’ Ikon uplighter lu- ing totems and vertical luminaires mounted on Mainz transport operator MVG has minaires, mounted on top of waynding ‘totems’ the front faces. Each emergency system is 35 000 awarded PSI Transcom a contract to within Tottenham Court Road, Farringdon, Liver- lumens or 230 W, compared with 200 lumens or supply depot management software pool Street, Bond Street and Whitechapel stations. 5 W for typical emergency lighting in an oce. for a tram and bus depot. Instead of pointing down in to the passenger area, Power will be supplied from a 230 V generator. Pilotfish is to equip 36 Oslo trams these powerful upward-facing lights will shine e escalator tunnels will be illuminated with with vehicle gateways to put onto the ceilings which will reect the light back Future Designs’ Plinth luminaires, which are lo- passenger counting systems and cated within the deck area between GPS position data online. escalators. e LEDs are at a low ST Engineering is to supply a level in the uplighter xtures, behind passenger information system for a black louvre which prevents passen- Shanghai metro Line 14. gers looking directly at the very bright Mechan is supplying a bogie drop light sources and reduces glare to en- for use in a depot on Cairo metro sure that faces can be clearly seen on Line 3. Mechan will make two CCTV images. e lights will be close scheduled maintenance visits per to passengers using the escalators, and year for two years, and provide parts so the panels are required to withstand for five years. a 1 000 N load applied over a 50 mm x GMV is to supply digital CCTV for 50 mm area. Metro de Sevilla’s CAF light rail Future Designs developed the lights vehicles, enabling the control at its own expense, and retains the full centre to access real-time and intellectual property rights leaving it recorded images. free to sell its designs elsewhere. Q

SECURITY PASSENGER INFORMATION Incident reporting app Clearer station Phoenix’s Valley Metro has launched the eyes and ears of our riders. AlertVM AlertVM, a free safety and security app will enhance our ability to keep our rid- announcements which passengers can use to discreetly ers and our system safe and comfortable.’ A public address system which Berlin-based start-up Holo- report suspicious activity, vandalism, e iOS and Android app has been plot has developed with the aim of providing clearer an- grati, disruptive behaviour and main- launched as part of the operator’s ‘Re- nouncements is being trialled on the underground S-Bahn tenance issues to sta, or receive noti- spect the Ride’ programme to discour- platforms at Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof, where the high fre- cations about service delays. age disruptive behaviour. is includes quency of train services means announcements must be made ‘We are committed to providing our a code of conduct, enhanced signage on at very short intervals. riders with a safe and reliable light rail rules for travelling, a ‘Right and Rong’ Holoplot has installed 23 computer-controlled audio mod- experience’, said CEO Scott Smith. ‘ e marketing campaign, an increase in se- ules at 11 locations around the platforms. Each speaker receives AlertVM app will help us more quickly curity ocers and introduction of ‘sta- its own individual control signal, enabling tightly-dened beams identify and respond to issues through tion ambassadors’. Q of sound to be directed at specic areas of the platform. is should mean that passengers will only hear information relevant to them, without hearing announcements for the opposite track. e trial began on January 23 and is scheduled to run for six months. ‘Well-understood announcements are a very important component of successful passenger information’, said Prof Knut Ringat, Managing Director of transport authority RMV. ‘We are delighted that Holoplot is celebrating its pre- miere at the most important transportation hub in the RMV area and we hope that this innovation will soon benet passengers at other stations as well.’ Q

MRIN_Spring19_p048-049.indd 48 18/04/2019 12:21:34 Metro Report International | Spring 2019 49 Innovations MARKET

APPS FARE COLLECTION Not just transport tickets California Adding the ability to buy theatre and event tickets along with paying for travel is envisaged now upgrades that Rotterdam public transport operator RET has Los Angeles County Metropolitan deployed an app-based mobile ticketing, payment Transportation Authority has award- and validation system developed by ByteToken, ed Cubic Transportation Systems a Bytemark and ales Nederland. US$22m contract to upgrade its auto- ales has rolled out ticket gate hardware and matic fare collection system. software upgrades to support the smartphone app, e TAP smart card, used across 25 which uses Bytemark’s visually-validated ticketing regional transport agencies in the area, and the Dutch 2D barcode ticketing standard. will be upgraded. In addition to a mo- e app is designed to encourage transport use bile app, Cubic is developing a cloud- by minimising the number of ‘touch points’ where based account. Branded TAPforce, this passengers need to interact with transport opera- would enable not only smart card top- tors and the ticketing system. Q up, but also payment for other services being developed by Metro, such as bicycle sharing and parking. SMART TICKETING In the longer term the aim is to introduce mobile ticketing for NFC-enabled Paris smart ticketing devices. Cubic was also awarded a separate Paris regional transport authority Île-de-France Deployment is also intended to support compe- US$4·5m contract from Foothill Tran- Mobilités has selected a consortium of payment tition in the Paris regional transport market, with sit to upgrade its bus fare collection sys- technology company Worldline and digital plat- some bus services expected to be tendered in 2021 tem, which will include making it com- form supplier Conduent to implement its Smart and potentially including some metro and RER patible with the TAP mobile app. Navigo ticketing programme. services by 2040. In northern California, Cubic is e authority aims to begin rolling out new tick- e contract is worth a minimum of €60m, working with San Francisco Metro- eting products this year, gradually replacing paper covering development of the central back end politan Transportation Commission tickets with contactless technology. It will become and connecting it to the ticket distribution and to modernise Clipper. Cubic cur- possible to use smartphones to buy and validate T+ validation systems. Worldline is deploying its rently operates the regional fare col- single-use tickets and Navigo passes, and for Nav- WL Tap 2 Use software-as-a-service account lection system, which covers 22 trans- igo Liberté+ account-based ticketing. Passengers management system, supporting pay-per-use, e- port agencies. e modernisation will be able to use smartphones instead of vending commerce and online subscriptions. Conduent is includes the introduction of mobile machines to top up Navigo smartcards or directly providing its Atlas ticketing software, designed to ticketing as part of an app that will as a payment method. Navigo is also expected to handle changes in products o¡ered and volumes also include real-time travel informa- support new services such as car park access. processed. Q tion and a journey planner. e system will also be made open-payment ready for the acceptance of contact- TICKETING less bank cards. Q

Account-based fare collection PRODUCTS IN BRIEF

Mikroelektronika is supplying 84 touch-screen ticket vending machines to Lucknow metro. Zytronic has supplied the touch sensors.

Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority has awarded a consortium of Datamatics Global Services and Italian partner AEP Ticketing Solutions a contract to provide automatic fare collection systems for the future metro lines 2A, 2B and 7.

Max Doors Solutions has installed four sets of Jewers Doors’ Swift-SEW bifolding doors at the maintenance depot on the Canberra light rail line, San Diego Metropolitan Transit System VENDstation ticket vending machines, as well as which is expected to open this year. has awarded Init a contract to supply an mobile sales units and 900 PROXmobil fare vali- account-based fare collection system, with an op- dators for use on buses and at light rail stops. e tion to operate and maintain it. validators will accept MTS-branded smartcards For more innovation Due to be rolled out in 2021, the system as well as open payments such as bank cards and news go to www. will use Init’s MOBILEvario back-oce soft- mobile wallets using Google Pay, Apple Pay and metro-report.com ware. Init will supply 100 cash and 70 cashless Samsung Pay. Q

MRIN_Spring19_p048-049.indd 49 18/04/2019 12:21:56 50 Spring 2019 | Metro Report International DIARY & CONTACT

EXHIBITIONS | CONGRESSES | CONFERENCES

May 14 - 15 Washington DC, USA SafeRail Congress www.smartrailworld.com/events/safe-rail

May 14 - 16 Birmingham, UK Railtex www.railtex.co.uk/2019

May 14 - 16 Moscow, Russia Electrotrans www.electrotrans-expo.ru/en

May 22 - 24 New Delhi, India Transport India www.transportindiaexpo.com

May 28 - 29 München, Germany The Rise of IoT & Big Data in Rail www.iotandbigdatainrail.com

June 3 - 5 Brussels, Belgium Digital Intelligent Railway dir.international

June 9 - 12 Stockholm, Sweden UITP Global Public Transport Summit uitpsummit.org

June 17 - 19 München, Germany SmartRail Congress www.smartrailworld.com/events/smart-rail

June 17 - 20 Singapore, Singapore Transit Oriented Development World Summit www.equip-global.com

June 19 - 20 Johannesburg, South Africa Africa Rail www.terrapinn.com/exhibition/africa-rail

June 24 - 25 Amsterdam, Netherlands Impact Mobility events.impactconf.com/mobility-eu

June 25 - 27 Aveiro, Portugal Urban Transport 2019 www.wessex.ac.uk/conferences/2019

July 2 - 3 London, UK Railway Customer Information 2019 railway-customer-information.com

September 8 - 11 Vancouver, Canada Rail-Volution railvolution.org

September 12 - 14 Zürich, Switzerland Next Rail 19 www.nextrail19.ch/en

September 22 - 25 Minneapolis, USA Railway Interchange 2019 railwayinterchange.org

September 24 - 27 Gdańsk, Poland TRAKO www.trakofair.com

October 1 - 3 Milano, Italy Expo Ferroviaria 2019 www.expoferroviaria.com

October 8 - 10 Jönköping, Sweden Elmia Nordic Rail www.elmia.se/en/nordicrail

November 12 - 14 Shanghai, China Rail+Metro China 2019 www.railmetrochina.com/en

December 3 - 5 Amsterdam, Netherlands World Rail Festival www.terrapinn.com/conference/rail-festival

December 3 - 5 Sydney, Australia AusRail Plus www.ausrail.com Further details and more events at www.metro-report.com

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