Evaluation of Flood Management for Krishna River Bank Stretch of Andhra Pradesh State
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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 302–306, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_033 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=1 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication EVALUATION OF FLOOD MANAGEMENT FOR KRISHNA RIVER BANK STRETCH OF ANDHRA PRADESH STATE Ch. Nithin Kumar Reddy M. Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, A.P, India SS. Asadi Associate Dean-Academics, Department of Civil Engineering, KL University, Vaddeswaram-522502, A.P, India A.V.S. Prasad Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, K L University, Vaddeswaram-522502, A.P, India ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the suitable and economical techniques to stabilize the banks of the Krishna river and to protect the bank from Flood water. Methods/Analysis: The paper aim is to study about the methods to stabilize the banks of the Krishna River and also to control the erosion at the banks of the river by using various methods as soft and hard approaches to reduce erosion of the bank and to reduce the seepage, to stabilize the river banks. Findings: The major risk observed from the previously occurred floods in Krishna river basin is that the bank was washed out with flood water it is lack of proper bank stabilizing methods. Novelty/Improvement: By adopting the flood management system in the River Krishna bank then the impact on assets will be reduced. Key words: Flood Water, Soil Stabilization, Bank Stabilization, River Banks of Krishna Cite this Article: Ch. Nithin Kumar Reddy, SS. Asadi and A.V.S. Prasad, Evaluation of Flood Management For Krishna River Bank Stretch of Andhra Pradesh State. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp. 302–306. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=8&Issue=1 http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 302 [email protected] Evaluation of Flood Management For Krishna River Bank Stretch of Andhra Pradesh State 1. INTRODUCTION The Krishna River is a major river in the Andhra Pradesh .it is one of the longest river which passes through the Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh1. Floods refers the condition of great water overflow over a dry land.The effect of flood attack should be detected before the flood starts2. The flood water, flood risk can be reduced either through decrease of flood hazard or the exposure of economic, environmental and social activities. River Krishna is the second largest river after Godavari in the Andhra Pradesh Krishna basin area is extended to an area of 258,948 sq Km. out of the total area 113,271 sq Km lies in Andhra Pradesh3. The main tributaries of Krishna river are Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Bhima and Musiand tributaries like Musi, Paleru, and dindi joins the upstream of Vijayawada. The flood can be analysed by Rainfall Analysis4. 2. KRISHNA RIVER BASIN MAP Krishna is a major river which passes through the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. is as represented in Figure 1. respectively. Figure 1 Krishna River Basin Map 3. TECHNIQUES USED FOR BANK STABILZATION 3.1. River Bank Strengthening Methods The Bank Stabilization can be done by various approaches such as • Softer approaches • Harder approaches. (a) Softer approaches The softer approaches for stabilizing the river bank are such as Bio engineering, and vegetation5. Use of live vegetation and woody materials for bank stabilization, pole plantings provide an inexpensive approach to bank stabilization. Instead of rock (or) cement, coir logs which are made up of soil and geo-textile fabric can be used as structural members6is as represented in Figures 2 and 3 respectively. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 303 [email protected] Ch. Nithin Kumar Reddy, SS. Asadi and A.V.S. Prasad Figure 2 Geo Textile mesh Figure 3 Geo Textile Laying (b) Hard approaches The hard approaches for stabilizing the river bank are such as riprap and retaining walls. The harder approaches are little bit expensive but these are standard structures which have more life. But at present situation of Andhra Pradesh it is difficult7. As it is a new born state implementing of hard approaches is not an economical and it leads to problems and issues regarding the financial issues, and even providing riprap (or) retaining walls for a distance of 100 of km is very time taking and also availability of material is most important thing8. Available of rocks for such a large scale for riprap is difficult is as represented in Figures 4 and 5 respectively. Figure 4 Hard Approaches http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 304 [email protected] Evaluation of Flood Management For Krishna River Bank Stretch of Andhra Pradesh State Figure 5 Rip rap stone work 3.2. Reducing hydrodynamic forces Flow control structure reduces the forces of water and reduces the erosion. The possibilities of bank degradation by diverting the flow these structures are generally have certain degree of permeability. Nagarjuna sagar dam is an upstream dam of Krishna River, located outside the capital region, Nagarjuna sagar has an associated reservoir located 20 km downstream, namely Nagarjuna sagar tail pond its gross water storage capacity is 6 TMC9-10.These two structures can be used as flood control structures to control the total volume flow in to capital region. There is a possibility to construct the flow control structures between Pulichinthala project and Prakasam Barrage so that the hydraulic force of the flood water can be reduced. Due to this the pressure on the banks is reduced. It is represented in Figure 6 respectively. Figure 6 Drop Structure 5. CONCLUSION 1. To stabilize the bank of the river Krishna at the Andhra Pradesh there the best method to implement regarding the revenue and environment factors is to imply the coir rolls with the vegetation. 2. Rock roll is flexible it is of crushed rock which is contained with net these are placed at the bank toe to prevent undercutting scour. 3. Rock roll are of size three hundred to four hundred mm in diameter and these return in a pair of one meter to five meter lengths. These are put in at a depth of o.2 to o.6 m. They are effective within the rivers with the wave action up to5m/s. Rock rolls are also best suitable for the river bank stabilization. 4. By implementing the protection methods to the river banks the erosion of soil at the banks can be controlled. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 305 [email protected] Ch. Nithin Kumar Reddy, SS. Asadi and A.V.S. Prasad 6. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The combination of coir rolls and pole plantings is the best method to stabilize the soilon the bank of river Krishna but the mild slopes are required to implement this technique it gives long term regenerating protection it is also potential for better environmental 2. Outcomes it is often less costly. 3. Biological plantation and Rock rolls are also preferable to protect the river banks. REFERENCES [1] APCRDA. Report given by Andhra Pradesh capital region authority, 2015. [2] Zhou W, Liu Z, Tang L. Computational Analysis of the Slope Stability of Flood Prevention and Bank Protection Engineering. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2016 January; 8(2), 137- 140. [3] Joseph M D. 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