North-Western Journal of Zoology Vol. 4, No. 2, 2008, pp.320-323 [Online: Vol.4, 2008: 40]

The first record of family (Arachnida: Araneae) in Turkey

Osman SEYYAR1,*, Hakan DEMİR2 and Aydın TOPÇU3

1. Erciyes University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, TR-38039 Kayseri/Turkey. 2. Gazi University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, TR- 06500 Ankara/Turkey. 3. Niğde University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, TR-51200 Niğde/Turkey. * Corresponding author: O. Seyyar, E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. The Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835) and the family Corinnidae, to which the species belongs, are recorded from Turkey for the first time. The characteristic features of this species are described and illustrated and data regarding collecting sites and distribution all over the world are given. Localities of the collecting sites are plotted on a map.

Key words: New record, Phrurolithus festivus, Corinnidae, Araneae, Turkey.

Indroduction family and a species belonging to this family to the checklist of Turkish spider The spider fauna of Turkey is rather fauna. poorly known compared to other regions of the world. Although some taxa are well distributed and known in the Palae- Material and methods arctic region, they are not yet recorded This study is based on specimens collected from Turkey. One of these species, from southern Turkey and preserved in 70% Phurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835) that ethanol. The identification was made with a belongs to family Corinnidae Karsch, SZX61 Olympus stereomicroscope and using the 1880, is presented in this study. keys developed by Heimer & Nentwig (1991), The Phrurolithus C.L. Koch Roberts (1995) and Danilov (1998). Examined specimens are deposited in the Arachnology 1839, with 69 described species, is one of Museum of Niğde University (NUAM). All the large genera of Corinnidae all over measurements are in millimetres. The abbrevia- the world (Platnick, 2008). This genus is tions used in this paper are as follows: AME, represented by 8 species in Europe, P. anterior median eyes; ALE, anterior lateral eyes; corsicus (Simon, 1878), P. festivus (C.L. PME, posterior median eyes; PLE, posterior lateral eyes; Fe, femur; Pa, patella; Ti, tibia; Me, Koch, 1835, P. florentinus Caporiacco, metatarsus; Ta, Tarsus. 1923, P. minimus C.L. Koch, 1839, P. nigrinus (Simon, 1878), P. pullatus Kulczyński, 1897, P. pygmaeus Thorell, Results 1875 and P. szilyi Herman, 1879. Al- though the species P. festivus was well Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, studied and known in Europe, it was not 1835) (Figs. 1-2) recorded before from Turkey (Topçu et Material examined. TURKEY (Fig. 3): al. 2005). In this paper, we add a new 2♂♂, Kayseri province, Yahyalı district,

North-West J Zool, 4, 2008 Oradea, Romania The first record of family Corinnidae in Turkey 321

Dikme village, (38°03'N, 35°29'E), 1120m, NUAM COR 80/0001-4), found under 26.V.2007, (Depository: NUAM COR stones in mixed Pinus and Juniperus fo- 38/0001-2), found on ground; Osmaniye rest. province, Zorkun plateau, (37°02'N, Description. Measurements: Total 36°27'E), 1092m, 24.IV.2008 (1♂ 3 juve- length 2.6-2.8 mm. Carapace length 1.15- niles), 13.V.2008 (3♂♂), (Depository: 1.20, width 0.90-0.93. Abdomen length

Figure 1. Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835), male; a= general habitus; Male palp b=prolateral view, c=retrolateral view.

Figure 2. Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835); Male palp A= ventral view, B=retrolateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

North-West J Zool, 4, 2008 322 Seyyar, O. et al.

Figure 3. Localities of the collecting sites of Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835) in Turkey. 1. Osmaniye province, Zorkun plateau; 2. Kayseri province, Yahyalı district, Dikme village.

1.48-1.50, width 2.42-2.45. Eye diameters black reticulated, ocular area more dark of the biggest sample (NUAM COR or black. Thoracic groove indistinct. Eyes 80/0003): AME 0.05; ALE 0.07; PME 0.06; in two rows, anterior row of eyes slightly PLE 0.07. Distances between eyes of this recurved and posterior row nearly sample: AME-AME 0.04; AME-ALE 0.03; straight in dorsal view; AME smallest, PME-PME 0.05; PME-PLE 0.04; ALE-PLE lateral eyes largest. Chelicerae small with 0.03. Lengths of legs of this sample are in well separated three promarginal teeth Table 1. and two, close to each other, retromargi- nal teeth. Sternum triangular shaped, Table 1. Leg measurements same colour of carapace, but bordered by a thin black line. Labium rectangular Leg Fe Pa Ti Me Ta Total shaped, yellowish with its base dark I 0.85 0.36 0.67 0.67 0.48 3.03 brown. Endites yellowish, nearly round- ed and swollen in the middle. Abdomen II 0.77 0.35 0.52 0.60 0.46 2.70 greyish-black with two pale anterior III 0.68 0.31 0.44 0.60 0.42 2.45 yellow spots, one pale yellow posterior spot and nearly curved line shaped band IV 0.84 0.36 0.62 0.80 0.53 3.15 with same colour dorsally. Legs yel- lowish-brown, dorsally densely covered by black hairs (especially femora); tibiae Prosoma circular shaped, slightly I-II with 5 pairs of ventral spines; narrowed in front, slightly elevated in the metatarsi I-II with 4 pairs of ventral middle, yellowish-brown with its sides spines. Femur of male palp swollen

North-West J Zool, 4, 2008 The first record of family Corinnidae in Turkey 323 hump shaped at ventro-distal side, retro- not find any female during these months. lateral apophysis large, curved and wide So, the females may become mature later at base, bulbus large and spherical in summer. shaped with short hook shaped embolus apically. Cymbium bears distinct setae at peak. Acknowledgments. The authors acknowledge the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project No. 106T133) for financial support of this work. Comments

The Family Corinnidae, known as ant- References mimic , has many myrmecomorph species. P. festivus, resembles ants Cushing, P. E. (1997): Myrmecomorphy and Myrmeco- phily in Spiders: A Review. Florida Entomologist regarding body size, shape and patterns. 80(2): 165–193. According to Cushing (1997), this species Danilov, S. N. (1998): The spider family in Siberia and far East (Aranei). Arthropoda Selecta may be myrmecophile, preys on ants and 7(4): 313–317. resembles ant species such as Formica Heimer, S., Nentwig, W. (1991): Spinnen Mitteleuropas. fusca L., F. rufa L., F. sanguinea Latreille, Parey Verlag, 543 pp. Platnick, N. I. (2008): The World Spider Catalog, version Lasius flavus (Fabricius), L. fuliginosus 8.5.- American Museum of Natural History (on- (Latreille), and L. niger (L.). line). – http://research.amnh.org/entomology/ This species may be uncommon in spiders/catalog. Roberts, M. J. (1995): Spiders of Britain and Northern Turkey, because we did not usually find Europe, Harper Collins Publishers, London. 449 pp. it during our trips in different parts of Topçu, A., Demir, H., Seyyar, O. (2005): A checklist of Turkey. According to Roberts (1995), this the spiders of Turkey. Serket, 9(4): 109–140. species becomes mature in spring and summer and this corresponds with our observations. We have already found Submitted: 16 July 2008 males and juveniles of this species / Accepted: 23 August 2008 together in April and May, but we did

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