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Download Article (PDF) Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 136 2nd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 2017) Ethnic relations in contestation of Regional head election year 2010 in medan city Edy Suhartono, Prof.Dr. Usman Pelly, Dr. Phil Ichwan Azhari Master Programme at Anthropology Department University of Medan State, UNIMED Medan, North Sumatra [email protected] Abstract – This paper examines the issue of ethnicity relations with the Regional Head Election in Medan City on Mayor and Vice Mayor Election Year 2010.This research was conducted in Medan City by analyzing the result of Recapitulation of vote acquisition to candidate pairs who contest elections on 2 in each of 21 Subdistricts in Medan City. The method of writing is descriptive qualitative based on the analysis of the matrix of the vote in each candidate.The acquisition of data were collected by purposive sampling, combined with snowball sampling, especially on informants who will be interviewed from each sub-district by referring to the ethnic base. Furthermore, the secondary of data from the Recapitulation that has been Analyzed will be seen in conformity with the primaries of data from in-depth interviews to the informants and participant observation as well as the documentation of photo activities during the field. The conclusion is that at the Mayoral Election of 2010 round I, Rahudman- Eldin pair performed well with a vote of 51.72%, Followed by the couple Sopyan Nelly in second with 48.28% of votes. In the second round, RahudmanEldin succeeded in getting 65.88% while the couple Sopyan Tan Nelly votes only get as much as 34.12% .The victory of Rahudman Eldin gives clues to ethnic correlation. The figure of the couple Rahudman Eldin is a figure that represent Mandailings ethnic, Malay and Islam. This ethnic is almost spread in 21 sub-districts. The voice of support from any sub-districts to the couple Rahudman Eldin is represented the citizens of Medan City. Strong support for the couple Rahudman and Eldin, derived from many ethnic Including with the label of Islam. It has been made this pair relatively can be accepted by the citizens of Medan city. While the couple Sopyan Tan and Nelly somewhat difficult, to get support from people because the figure of SopyanTan and Nelly did not get fully support from the citizens of Medan city, especially from Moslem people. Keywords: ethnic relations, contestation, general election INTRODUCTION Portrait of multiethnic in this area is a real cultural and historically can not be denied. This Medan is the capital of North Sumatera with fact should not be seen and interpreted as a a population of 2,210,624 and an area of 265.00 negative thing and taboo in the Election process km2 based on the statistical data 2015. The and will take place at some future time. Ethnic statistical data of Medan City consists of 21 realities that exist in this area is a potential of districts, respectively are: District of Medan social capital that can be used for private Barat, Medan Baru, Medan Timur, Medan Area, interests, including in the political contest that Medan Kota, Medan Polonia, Medan Petisah, took place. Medan Johor, Medan Tuntungan, Medan Helvetia, Medan Sunggal, Medan Labuhan, According to Bruner as quoted by Usman Pelly (1994)2 there is no dominant culture in Medan City. All of ethnic have chracteristic and Medan Deli , Medan Belawan, Medan specific orientation. It can be seen through the Tembung Marelan, Medan Maimun, Medan pattern of settlement, occupation and ethnic Selayang , Medan Denai, Medan Perjuangan, group orientation. Medan Marelan, Medan Tuntungan Ethnic composition and percentage based on The Malays can be said as the host people or census 2010 indigenous people who came at the first time. in No Ethnni Amount of Percentage Rank this region. Then, followed by another tribes, c people like: Batak Minangkabau, Acehnese, Javanese, 1 Aceh 4 091 451 1.73 14 Chinese India Tamil, Sundanese, Arabic, Nias.1 2 Batak 8,466,969 3.58 3 [2] 2 Pelly, Usman, Urbanization and Adaptation: The Role of Mission Minangkabau culture and Mandailings, LP3ES, Jakarta, [1] 1 Pelly, Usman" Ethnicity: In Multicultural Politics, Book III, 1994 Casamesra Publisher, Medan, 2016 Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 365 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 136 3 Nias 1,041,925 0.44 30 28 Tribe 2,203,415 0.93 22 4 Malay 5,365,399 2.27 9 from 5 Minang 6,462,713 2.73 7 Maluku kabau 29 tribes 2.693, 630 1,14 19 6 Parts 1415547 0.6 25 from from Papua Jambi 30 China 2.832 ,510 1,2 18 7 Tribe 5,119,581 2.16 10 31 Foreign 162, 772 0.07 31 from ers / South Foreign Sumate 32 Total 236 ,728, 100 ra 379 8 Tribes 1.381.66 0 0.58 26 There are several factors that led to the from appearance of trying to deny the reality of the Lampu argument that religion and ethnicity in the ng Election process that will take place in this area. 9 Parts 2,204,472 0.93 21 from First, this argument arises because originators Sumatr did not understand the history and cultural a Other realities in the area in. Secondly, the argument 10 Betawi 6,807,968 2.88 6 was made an attempt to overcome this emerging 11 Tribe 4,657,784 1.97 11 resistance to one candidate or candidates of from different ethnic backgrounds. Third; showing the Banten issues and the spirit of democratization and 12 Sunda 36.701,670 15.5 2 strengthening the role of civil society as the base 13 Java 95,217,022 40.22 1 to exclude the issue about SARA (ethnic, religion, 14 Cirebon 1,877,514 0.79 24 race and coomunity group) Fourth, the public 15 Madura 7,179,356 3.03 5 awareness that the more intelligent to assess and 16 Bali 3,946,416 1,87 15 express their freedom in extending political 17 Sasak 3,173, 127 1.34 16 rights. 18 Tribes 1,280,094 0,54 27 of West Election Medan few years ago, it looks pretty Nusa coloring ethnic variations Election process. It is Tengga quite evident on Election of Mayor in 2010, ra Other which lasted two rounds .. 19 tribes 4,184,923 1,77 12 Composition pair Candidate Mayor and from Deputy Mayor who register on election of Mayor East Nusa and Deputy Mayor of the year 2010 consists of: Tengga 1. Couples of Syahrial Anas - Yahya Sumardi ra (Minang - Javanese) 20 Dayak 3,009,494 1,27 17 21 Banjar 4,127,124 1,74 13 2. Couples of Sigit Pramono - Nurlisa 22 Tribes 1.968620 0,83 22 Ginting (Javanese- Karonese) of Borneo 3. Couples of Indra Sakti - Delyuzar (Malay - origin Minangkabau) other 23 Makass 2.672,590 1,13 20 4. Couples of Bahdin Nurtanjung - Kasim ar siyo (Mandailings - Javanese) 24 Bugis 6.359,700 2,69 8 5. Couples of Joko Susilo - Mirza Hutagalung 25 Minaha 1,237,177 0,52 29 sa (Javanes - Toba Batak) 26 Goront 1,251,494 0,53 28 6. Couples of Rahudman - Zulmi Eldin alo (Batak Mandailing - Malay) 27 Tribe 7,634,262 3,22 4 from 7. Couples of Arif Nasuition - Supratikno Sulawe (Mandailings - Javanese) si Other 366 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 136 8. Couples of Maulana Pohan - Ahmad Arief ng Natal (Mandailiung - Javanese) South 6:56 14.67 67.51 11:25 9. Couples of Ajib Shah - Binsar Situmorang Tapanuli (Pakistan – Toba Batak) Central 6:53 56.47 4.96 32.05 10. Couples of Sopyan Tan - Nelly Armayanti Tapanuli (Chinese - Minangkabau) North 0.82 96.54 0:37 2:28 Tapanuli All of the pair of candidates shown any Toba 1.99 94.94 0:25 2.82 variation of ethnic that exist in Medan city and Samosir separate at 21 subdistri ct. This is the event of Labuhan 41.55 14:29 25.07 19:09 election where ethnic identy represented from Batu each of the contestant. Asahan 58.84 20.72 5:42 15:02 Simelun 29.07 45.20 2.21 23.53 Ethnic Distribution gun in North Sumatra Province and Medan City 2010 Dairi 1.76 72.15 12:43 25.66 Province city of Karo 9.65 10.61 0.68 79.06 Ethnic of North Medan Deli 51.81 10.82 6.68 30.68 Sumatra Serdang Angkola-Mandailings 13:54 10:16 Langkat 56.66 2:13 3:09 38.12 Karo 5:49 4.62 South 99.69 0.24 0.02 0.05 Dairi 0.78 0:42 Nias Simelungun 2:50 1:41 Humban 0:33 91.55 0:09 8:03 g Shore 1:38 1:10 Hasund Toba 20.83 17:12 utan Nias 7:01 1:10 Pakpak 1:39 13:37 0:15 85.09 Minangkabau 2.61 7.83 Bharat Malay 4:42 5.76 Samosir 0.62 97.65 0:03 1.70 Java 33.47 33.19 Serdang 54.75 12.63 4:50 28.12 Bedagai Chinese 2.63 9:47 Batu 38.48 12:30 2:44 46.78 Aceh 0.95 2.70 Bara Banjar 0.99 0:47 North 10.62 7:25 75.80 6:33 Others 3:40 4.65 Padang Total 100.00 100.00 Lawas Padang 80.02 3.15 11.49 5.34 Source: Base on the data from 2010 after Lawas organized South of 48.80 14:52 29.00 7.68 Labuhan Batu Javanese, Toba and Angkola-Mandailings at North 46.30 25.49 15.70 12:51 regency / city in North Sumatra Province Labuhan 2010 Batu Ethnic Nias 99.62 0.24 0.03 0.11 Regency Angkola- North / City Java Toba Mandaili Other Nias 0:11 0:09 0:01 99.79 ngs West Nias 0:07 0:07 0:02 99.85 Sibolga 6.81 47.39 6:40 39.41 Mandaili 7:23 2:56 78.23 11.98 Tanjung 19.98 32.86 14:45 32.72 367 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 136 Balai that represent the ethnic composition: Siantar 25.45 45.95 6:53 22:07 Mandailings, Malay, Chinese and Minangkabau.
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