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Analysis of Changing Allocation of Housing Land to Business Areas in Medan City (Case Study of Mongonsidi Medan Street)

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Analysis of Changing Allocation of Housing Land to Business Areas in Medan City (Case Study of Mongonsidi Medan Street) International Journal of Research and Review Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Research Paper E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Analysis of Changing Allocation of Housing Land to Business Areas in Medan City (Case Study of Mongonsidi Medan Street) Nasiruddin Nasution1, Nawawiy Loebis2, Hilma Tamiami Fachruddin2 1Postgraduate Students at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 2Postgraduate Lecturer at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia Corresponding Author: Nasiruddin Nasution ABSTRACT activities. Therefore land needs to be directed to be utilized in activities that are The purpose of this study is to find out what are most appropriate to its physical nature and related to the changing allocation of housing are managed in order to be able to land to business areas on Mongonsidi Medan accommodate community activities that Street. This type of research is a qualitative field continue to develop. research. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews with informants. Allotment of land in urban areas Informant selection technique is a purposive tends to experience a shift from residential sampling technique consisting of 3 civil servants areas to business areas, mainly by the and 4 people who live in the area on influence of population growth and Mongonsidi Medan Street. In terms of testing accompanying socio-economic activities. the credibility of the data researchers used The increasing need for land is an triangulation techniques. The results showed implication of the increasingly diverse that rejuvenation factor of the city center is functions in urban areas, such as related to changing allocation of housing land to government, trade, services, industry and so business areas on Mongonsidi Medan Street. forth with the advantage of the availability Rejuvenation factor of the city center is one of public facilities and ease of accessibility solution to change the image of an area. Growth factors and loss of concentration of activity so as to attract a variety of activities to factor are related to changing allocation of agglomerate. This condition greatly affects housing land to business areas on Mongonsidi the selection of space and location of its Medan Street. Seen from the proliferation of activities. economic activities that are right in front of the The development of the city will Mongonsidi Medan Street. certainly never be separated from the development of economic activities, Keywords: Housing Land, Rejuvenation Factor, population growth which will then lead to Growth Factor, Loss of Concentration of demand for land availability. The very Activity Factor limited availability of land will lead to competition among land users in urban INTRODUCTION areas, which in turn will lead to changes in Land is a development resource that land use. Limited land and high land prices has unique characteristics, such as relative in the city center resulted in the invasion of area due to extensive changes due to natural commercial functions into residential areas, processes and artificial processes that are one of which is in the corridor of Jalan very small, have physical properties (rock Monginsidi in Medan Polonia District. The types, mineral content, etc.) with suitability change in land use has gradually changed in accommodating specific community International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 115 Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Nasiruddin Nasution et.al. Analysis of changing allocation of housing land to business areas in Medan city (case study of Mongonsidi Medan Street) the residential area into commercial environmental systems which are more activities. This combination of residential directed to the internal aspects of a land, and and commercial activities can certainly have the development system tends to the positive and negative impacts because new development of facilities and infrastructure land uses (commercial) have different and the establishment of policies to regulate implications from previous land uses the land (Harjanti, 2012). This (housing). environmental system and development The motives of the community to system have resulted in changes in land use maximize profits through land use change designation in the region. are in accordance with neoclassical theory, The socio-economic growth, a city where the neoclassical theory of economics or country tends to continue to grow with and location change developed by Weber increasing size and changing structure. In and Christaler, suggests that normatively the addition to socio-economic activities, community will maximize the benefits that another element related to urban growth is can be obtained from land and/or activities the element of population. In other words, carried out in location selection. Therefore, the development of urban activities actually trends in land use change usually occur in triggers population growth as a means of locations that offer opportunities and implementation. conveniences, such as high levels of accessibility and utility completeness. LITERATURE REVIEW Likewise, the development of 2.1 Land business areas requires a quality city According to Jayadinata (1992) land planning. Spatial planning is a product plan means land for which there is already a that contains plans for developing spatial designation and generally has an owner (an structures and plans for spatial use patterns individual or an institution). Meanwhile, to be achieved at the end of the planning according to Sugandhy (1999) land is the year. The spatial structure is formed by the surface of the earth as a place for human central system of activities and activities to take place. Land is a limited infrastructure network systems that include natural resource, which in its use requires transportation network systems (land, sea, structuring, supply, and designation air), energy and electricity network systems, formulated in plans with a view to the telecommunications network systems, and welfare of society. water resources network systems. While the Land use is one of the important spatial use pattern is a description of the factors that can influence the development allocation of space for various types of of a city structure. Land use forms are the planned land use. However, the spatial plan basic form of urban structure that reflects must be accompanied by strict and the socioeconomic structure of the city. On consistent control of spatial use to ensure one hand, changes in socio-economic that spatial/land use can remain in conditions can affect the shape or pattern of accordance with the established spatial plan. urban land use, and on the other hand land The structural form of spatial use is the use describes the location and concentration arrangement of the elements forming zones of city activities, and their effects on of the natural environment, social upcoming city social developments. environment, and the artificial environment which are hierarchically and structurally 2.2 Land Use Theory related to one another to form a spatial Urban land is divided into built up and structure. undeveloped land. The developed land The density of city population and consists of housing, industry, trade, services the high socio-economic activity of the city and offices. Whereas the undeveloped land often have an impact on the development of is divided into land used for urban activities International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 116 Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Nasiruddin Nasution et.al. Analysis of changing allocation of housing land to business areas in Medan city (case study of Mongonsidi Medan Street) (cemeteries, recreation, transportation, open conditions in areas experiencing space) and non-urban land activities environmental degradation. (agriculture, plantations, water areas, 2.5 Growth Factor and Loss of production and mining of natural resources). Concentration of Certain Activities Land use is an ongoing process of Factor land use for development purposes in an The move to Polonia Airport, which optimal and efficient manner (Sugandhy, is marked by the operation of Kualanamu 1999). In addition, land use can also be International Airport (KNIA) in Kualanamu, interpreted as a human activity on land that Deli Serdang, is expected to have a positive is directly related to the location and impact, especially in the context of condition of the land. Land use can be development in North Sumatra. Medan City interpreted also as form or form of business as the Capital of the Province became one of activities, the use of a parcel of land at a the cities that received a direct impact which time (Jayadinata, 1992). is related to changes in the concept of development of the city of Medan in the 2.3 Concepts of Urban Area Development future after the transfer of Polonia airport. Studies of urban area development In the Perda RTRW Medan city No. based on sectoral aspects studies are more 13 of 2011, Article 33 paragraph 2 i, likely to state the size of community stipulates that the area of the former Polonia activities of an urban area in managing its airport and the surrounding area becomes natural resources. Meanwhile, the study of the Polonia Central Business District (CBD) spatial aspects (spatial) more shows the area. In addition, Regional Regulation on direction of sectoral activities or where the Medan's RTRW No. 13 of 2011, the second location is and where the sectoral activity part, Article 52 paragraph 2, stipulates should be. Polonia CBD located in Medan Polonia sub- The growth and development of the city is district as one of the strategic areas in the largely determined by its own population field of economic growth. The transfer of and also from outside forces. The ability of the airport from Polonia to Kualanamu and local resources, both culture and technology the enactment of the Regional Regulation on as local genus will be able to accelerate the Medan's RTRW No. 13 of 2011 affecting process of urbanization of a city (Soetomo, the community in the Medan Polonia 2009). Subdistrict, Anggrung Sub-District, Medan City as one of the areas or sub-districts 2.4 Rejuvenation Factor the City Center around the Polonia Airport.
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