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JNA APWA 2013 AD_1A.indd 1 7/10/13 9:58 AM August 2013

Vol. 80, No. 8

The APWA Reporter, the official magazine of the American Public Works Association, covers all facets of public works for APWA members including industry news, legislative actions, management issues and emerging technologies. UPROW 58 Abandoned underground utility facilities 60 Disruptive geospatial innovations for utility operators 64 Trenchless Technology: The good news story 68 Achieving an audit-worthy Job Order Contracting program Congress in Chicago! 70 Knowledge is Power: How technology and municipal coordination are changing workflow processes INSIDE APWA 72 Trees in the pipeline right-of-way 2 President’s Message 76 National Grid’s response to Superstorm Sandy 6 Technical Committee News 7 Recognize Your Leaders FEATURES 8 Chicago on the cheap: ten cheap things not to be missed 80 Spreading the word by recycling with art 10 The APWA Donald C. Stone (DCS) Career Center: 84 Converting concrete channels to natural stream systems Your future is here! 88 Sustainable transportation solutions 12 Emerging Leaders Academy VI: Engaging tomorrow’s 92 Sustainability leadership within public works professionals 94 Phoenix Public Works finds new opportunities with 14 The Golden Age of Public Works in Chicago social media 16 Diversity Committee publishes Resource Guide, 96 The Interchange in Minneapolis creates a bold vision nd 2 Edition with the idea of “Open Transit” 18 For a limited time: free advice for one tool to 98 Smiley Face Bollards solve all your resource problems 100 Got used oil filters? 20 Awards 2013 104 How “green” is your pavement network? CONGRESS 110 How composting programs can save municipalities 32 Four options to attend Congress money 33 Don’t miss these at Congress! 112 Can catch basin maintenance lead to more mosquitoes? 34 One-day passes available for Congress 114 A rescue team with the right stuff 36 Turning data into actionable information 118 Construction Best Practices 38 Innovation 120 Mini-roundabouts in the United States 40 Fixing streams for free: Prince William environmental MARKETPLACE mitigation bank 126 Advertorial 42 Signs and pavement markings for the MUTCD that meet the needs of the driver 128 Products in the News 44 Pedestrian and bicycle design in suburban/rural 134 Professional Directory communities WORKZONE 48 More mileage from every mile 123 WorkZone: Your Connection to Public Works Careers COLUMNS 4 Washington Insight CALENDARS 52 Core Competencies for a Public Works Leader 15 Education Calendar 54 Global Solutions in Public Works 136 World of Public Works Calendar 124 Ask Ann 136 Index of Advertisers

August 2013 APWA Reporter 1 Reflections

Elizabeth Treadway, PWLF APWA President

t is late summer and it doesn’t We are Public Works…who provide seem possible that nearly a year safe and effective mobility for other has passed since Congress in operations and without our fleet op-

Anaheim, CA. It has been a year erations, the “brass” doesn’t arrive Official Magazine of the of building new friendships, visiting or respond to protect and restore our American Public Works Association with our chapter leaders, recognizing communities when needed. PUBLISHER American Public Works Association excellence in leadership, and expand- 2345 Grand Blvd., Suite #700 ing knowledge about all the ways we We are Public Works…who deliver Kansas City, MO 64108-2625 (800) 848-APWA (Member Services Hotline) work within our communities, all the every day potable water that can be (816) 472-6100 (Kansas City metro area) challenges agencies and members face trusted to be safe and consumable FAX (816) 595-5330 e-mail: [email protected] and conquer. straight from the tap, that ensures Website: www.apwa.net continuous public health protection EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR The hospitality shown by so many as and public safety for fire response, Peter B. King I visited with chapters across North for example, contributing to the high EDITOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER America is most appreciated; there are standard of living we enjoy. R. Kevin Clark Abbey Russell so many to acknowledge and to thank ADVERTISING SALES: FOX ASSOCIATES Chicago 312-644-3888 again for the opportunity to learn We are Public Works…who dispose of New York 212-725-2106 from you. We often reflect on the hur- waste generated by our labor and daily Los Angeles 805-522-0501 Detroit 248-626-0511 dles and obstacles that, each and every habits, who capture the value and re- Phoenix 480-538-5021 day, our crews, our engineers, our use through recycling and composting APWA WASHINGTON OFFICE technicians, our scientists must work programs, who bury or burn residual 1275 K Street NW, Suite 750 around, over and under to ensure that to keep our streets, homes and com- Washington, D.C. 20005-4083 (202) 408-9541 FAX (202) 408-9542 quality of life is the best possible as we munities clean to protect the environ- Disclaimer: The American Public Works Association design, build, and maintain our infra- ment and public health. assumes no responsibility for statements and/or structure. For me, the past year rein- opinions advanced by either editorial or advertis- ing contributors to this issue. APWA reserves the forced my belief that there is little we We are Public Works…who treat right to refuse to publish and to edit manuscripts can’t overcome, solve and improve. wastewater by the billions of gallons to conform to the APWA Reporter standards. a day, to return the water back to the Publisher’s Notice: The APWA Reporter, August 2013, Vol. 80, No. 8 (ISSN 0092-4873; Publications As I traveled and worked side by side environment, for reuse and resto- Agreement No. 41450540). The APWA Reporter is with members I was reminded so ration, partnering with potable water published monthly by the American Public Works Association, 2345 Grand Boulevard, Suite 700, many times of the dedication and treatment works to eradicate water- Kansas City, MO 64108-2625. Subscription rate spirit of public works employees. I borne disease. is $195 for nonmembers and $25 for chapter- sponsored students. Periodicals postage paid at often heard comments about how Kansas City, MO and additional mailing offices. our citizens lack understanding of the We are Public Works…who serve each POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the APWA Reporter, 2345 Grand Boulevard, #700, Kansas importance of public works services other as first responders when disaster City, MO 64108-2625. Canada returns to: P.O. Box and don’t appreciate our good efforts hits; fire, flood, tornado, earthquake 2600, Mississauga, ON L4T 0A8. until something goes awry. Though are able to harm and destroy our Reprints and Permissions: Information is available at www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter/guidelines. that may be too true, we quietly com- well-being but we are there to restore asp. plete our jobs and tasks, unnoticed neighborhoods in partnership with our © 2013 by American Public Works Association by most. I was constantly reminded fire and police personnel. Once order Address Change? that we contribute to the value, safety, is managed, we stay on the job to re- To alert us of a change to your membership record, contact an APWA Membership Specialist protection, stability and health of our cover. Our Public Works family reaches at (800) 848-APWA or [email protected]. communities every day for we are Pub- out to each other and extends support, The APWA Reporter is printed by Royle Printing, lic Works. staff, materials, equipment and energy Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. because….we are Public Works.

2 APWA Reporter August 2013 We are Public Works…who provide I had the opportunity to see, first- engaged and to face adversity as well the mode and means to move across hand, the excellence in our public as accolades with the same integrity this great continent, by car, bike, foot, works operations and to speak and ad- and commitment to service. truck, train, ship and plane. We build vocate to various levels of government and maintain a massive transportation leaders who influence and sometimes My journey as President is ending network that supports the economic control the resources so necessary to in Chicago and it is time to hand engine of our nations, moving goods, ensure that we are able to deliver our off leadership to Mr. Ed Gottko and people and services efficiently and as responsibilities as public works profes- join the ranks of “past.” I pledge safely as possible. sionals. The creativity and enthusiasm my commitment to continue of our members is inspiring. engagement, service and support We are Public Works…who build as we build on past success for the and maintain our community assets: Each chapter is unique and I am Association and the profession; water supplies and natural resources, excited to see the infusion of new to mentor, encourage, cheer and community buildings, parks, ideas and engagement of our Young contribute to those who serve. I thank museums, sports facilities, lakes and Professionals, to see our diversity each of you for your support and other recreation centers so that young grow. I will always remember my first friendship and for your service in and old have the opportunity to years of service over 25 years ago, in this critically important profession. govern, interact, compete, and sustain the North Carolina Chapter, when There are many challenges that a quality of life unsurpassed. my boss and mentor encouraged face us and together we can meet (well, more than encouraged) me to those challenges. Rapidly-changing We are Public Works…who build get involved. I personally thank Mike technology, ever-increasing growing character, knowledge, skills, and Dawkins, then-Public Works Director gap in infrastructure financing, professionalism of our workforce to of Greensboro, N.C., for leading me, changes in expectations of our supporting me and challenging me to provide pathways for personal and citizens; these are not new but be part of this dynamic and dedicated professional development in our continue to demand excellence in group of professionals. There have profession and in management of our leadership, creative solutions, and our been so many who guided, cheered, communities’ programs and assets. commitment. We stand ready because supported and encouraged me to stay we are Public Works.

AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION Mission Statement: The American Public Works Association serves its members by promoting professional excellence and public awareness through education, advocacy and the exchange of knowledge.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS ADVISORY COUNCIL PRESIDENT DIRECTOR, REGION IV DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, ENGINEER- Elizabeth Treadway, PWLF Tommy J. Brown, PWLF ING & TECHNOLOGY (Past APWA Presidents) Principal, Water Resources Superintendent of Fleet Services David L. Lawry, P.E. Robert Albee Judith M. Mueller Executive Director AMEC Environment & City of La Grange, GA Director of Municipal Services Roger K. Brown Ronald L. Norris Peter B. King Homer L. Chastain & Associates, LLP Infrastructure, Inc. George Crombie Michael R. Pender Johnson City, TN DIRECTOR, REGION V Chicago, IL Linda Petelka, B.Sc., PWLF Nick W. Diakiw Richard L. Ridings Executive Director Emeritus PRESIDENT-ELECT Independent Consultant DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Jerry M. Fay John J. Roark Edward A. Gottko, PWLF Burlington, ON ENVIRONMENTAL Robert D. Bugher Bob Freudenthal Harold E. Smith Adjunct Professor MANAGEMENT William E. (Bill) Spearman, III, P.E. New Jersey Institute of Technology DIRECTOR, REGION VI Larry W. Frevert June Rosentreter Spence Editorial Advisory Board Vice President Newark, NJ Larry Stevens, P.E., PWLF Herbert A. Goetsch Noel C. Thompson Gordon R. Garner Project Director Woolpert, Inc. PAST PRESIDENT HR Green, Inc. Columbia, SC Ken Haag Tom Trice Neil S. Grigg Diane Linderman, P.E., PWLF Johnston, IA Erwin F. Hensch William A. Verkest Susan M. Hann Director, Urban Infrastructure & DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, FLEET & FACILITIES MANAGEMENT Dwayne Kalynchuk Win Westfall Stephen J. O’Neill Development Services DIRECTOR, REGION VII Brian R. Usher, PWLF Larry T. Koehle Carl D. Wills Kyle E. Schilling Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. Jimmy B. Foster, P.E., PWLF Director of Public Works Richmond, VA Retired Diane Linderman City of Largo, FL Plano, TX Martin J. Manning DIRECTOR, REGION I DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, LEADER- James J. McDonough Richard F. (Rick) Stinson, PWLF DIRECTOR, REGION VIII FPO Ronald J. Calkins, P.E., PWLF SHIP AND MANAGEMENT Director of Public Works Cora Jackson-Fossett, PWLF Robert Miller Town of Wakefield, MA Director of Public Works (retired) City of Ventura, CA Public Information Director II Department of Public Works DIRECTOR, REGION II FPO FPO Harry L. Weed, II, PWLF DIRECTOR, REGION IX City of Los Angeles, CA Superintendent of Public Works Jill M. Marilley, P.E., MPA, PWLF Senior Project Manager DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Village of Rockville Centre, NY TRANSPORTATION HDR, Inc. Susan M. (Sue) Hann, P.E., AICP, DIRECTOR, REGION III Shoreline, WA PWLF William “Bo” Mills, PWLF Follow us on Twitter City Manager Director of Public Services @apwatweets City of Palm Bay, FL City of Germantown, TN

August 2013 APWA Reporter 3 What does the Farm Bill have to do with public works?

Tracy Okoroike Government Affairs Associate American Public Works Association Washington, D.C.

very five years, Congress passes stormwater agencies, to use available million annually for FY 2014- a legislative package, commonly resources to address polluted FY 2018 called the Farm Bill, which sets runoff that flows in the municipal national agriculture, nutrition, water supply as a result of farming > This program provides conservation, rural development, and practices. The RCPP is beneficial to grants for rural projects forestry policy. This multi-billion- the environment, public works, and that finance and dollar legislation encompasses much the economy because it allows for facilitate development more than farm programs. While the treatment of nutrient pollution of small and emerging a large segment of the Farm Bill at the source. When farmers work rural businesses deals with agricultural policy, other with wastewater utilities to treat water • Rural Water and Waste Water portions support infrastructure, the before runoff flows to municipal Circuit Rider Program at $25 environment, and the public works water sources, municipalities can save million for FY 2014-FY 2018 community. The Farm Bill authorizes money in water treatment and pass programs that provide loans and those savings along to ratepayers. > This program provides grants for infrastructure projects and technical assistance and employment programs in small towns In June, the Senate passed a five- expertise to rural and and rural communities. Examples of year Farm Bill (S 954) authorizing small water utilities these programs include the Water, agricultural, environmental and Waste Disposal and Wastewater community assistance programs While the Farm Bill has enjoyed Facility Grants and Loans program through fiscal year 2018, by a vote of bipartisan support in the past, the and the Rural Business Development 66-27. According to the Congressional current path to reauthorization is Grants program. The Water, Waste Budget Office (CBO), the bill would uncertain. In June the House of Disposal and Wastewater Facility cost $955 billion over 10 years, and Representatives failed to pass its Grants and Loans program provides $24 billion over the same period by version of a bill (H.R. 1947), voting grants and loans to public agencies eliminating or consolidating hundreds 195 to 234. H.R. 1947 would have for projects that support water of agriculture programs. reauthorized the Rural Water and treatment in rural communities. The Waste Water Circuit Rider Program Rural Business Development Grants Here are a few programs with their at $20 million annually for FY program provides grants to public spending levels that S. 954 authorizes: 2014-FY 2018, but wouldn’t have agencies for business development, reauthorized the Revolving Funds planning, technical assistance or job • Revolving Funds for for Financing Water and Wastewater training in rural areas. Financing Water and Projects program. H.R. 1947 included Wastewater Projects at $30 a provision authorizing the RCPP In addition to supporting public million annually for FY program. works in rural communities, the 2014-FY 2018, subject to Farm Bill contains many programs appropriations The Farm Bill has not been that encourage environmental reauthorized since 2008, and programs > This program assists conservation. The Farm Bill that authorized by the Farm Bill have been rural communities with recently passed the Senate (S. 954) running on temporary extensions ever water and wastewater authorizes a program called the since. The current extension expires systems by providing Regional Conservation Partnership on September 30. Program (RCPP). The RCPP would grant funds encourage farmers to partner with • Rural Business Grants Tracy Okoroike can be reached at (202) non-agricultural entities, such as Development Program at $65 218-6702 or [email protected]. wastewater utilities and municipal

4 APWA Reporter August 2013 Pumps You Can Trust For Over 75 Years

Since 1934 Griffin Pump & Equipment, Inc. 5306 Clinton Drive • Houston, TX 77020 Call: (713) 671-7000 or Toll Free: (866) 770-8100 Email: [email protected] www.griffinpump.com Utilities and Public Right-of-Way

Carol S. Estes, P.E. Professional Services Program Manager American Public Works Association Kansas City, Missouri

ne of APWA’s most active on large diameter pipelines, examine innovations for utility Technical Committees, a tree management policy for trees operators” the UPROW Committee in the right-of-way, and determine if is constantly concerned a tree management program would • “Knowledge is Power: How with all matters related to rights- work for their agency. In the session technology and municipal of-way. The committee provides “Using Dirt to Improve Safety” coordination are changing education and information to help participants will discover how to workflow processes” raise awareness about and promote access and use the Common Ground • “National Grid’s response to the best use of the public rights- Alliance’s Damage Information Superstorm Sandy” of-way. It provides a forum where Reporting Tool, examine the tool’s diverse stakeholders can come effectiveness in real-world situations, • “Trees in the pipeline right-of- together to discuss common issues, and discern how to use DIRT to way” best management practices, and anonymously report damaged utility cooperative integration of all users of incidents. Members taking part in the • “Trenchless Technology: The the right-of-way. It follows national workshop “Trenchless Technology – good news story” legislative issues which directly or The Good News Story” will discover indirectly affect right-of-way and how trenchless technologies can If you are interested in matters related its use and control. This year the minimize disruption to roadways and to utilities or right-of-way, you may committee is keeping close watch on the general public. The workshop, want to consider joining the unique the U.S. Access Board activities related hosted by the North American Society subcommittee structure of UPROW. to right-of-way. for Trenchless Technology (NASTT), There are currently five subcommittees will discuss different new installation with open membership. You may At the APWA Congress this year, the trenchless technology methods, their apply directly to a subcommittee and UPROW Committee will present two benefits, and application. In addition do not need to fill out an application education sessions and a workshop. In to the education sessions at Congress, or go through an appointment the first, “Trees in the Pipeline Right- the committee has been writing process. Time commitment is of-Way,” members of the San Diego articles for this edition of the Reporter. generally limited to six, one-hour County Water Authority (SDCWA) will Articles submitted by the committee conference calls a year. explain how they have implemented include: a formal tree management policy The five current UPROW to identify, monitor, approve or • “Abandoned underground subcommittees are: remove encroachments on pipelines. utility facilities” Attendees will learn to evaluate • Right-of-Way Management research on the effects of tree roots • “Disruptive geospatial • Construction Practices/GIROW

“Lasting gains in quality of life cannot be achieved without effective integration of environmental, social and economic goals at the community and regional level.”

– Lamont C. Hempel, Ph.D., President, Blue Planet United

6 APWA Reporter August 2013 • Damage Prevention • Locating Recognize Your Leaders • Abandoned Utilities Submitted by Joseph C. Cory, P.E., Each subcommittee is chaired by a Deputy Public Works Director, committee member and is charged City of West Des Moines, Iowa with oversight of a specialized technical area of concern. In Clint Carpenter serves as the City of base of the entire division. Now, he addition, each subcommittee prepares West Des Moines Senior Engineering and 100% of his staff are certified. In or oversees the development of Technician, but his talents and doing so it reinforces to our elected educational sessions for Congress. skills in leadership go way beyond officials, the public and city staff Subcommittee membership is open the job description. Clint attacks teammates the dedication he has to all who are interested in right-of- special projects of all varieties in a to constructing and maintaining way issues. To apply for subcommittee sophisticated, diligent and organized infrastructure in the most cost- membership, contact Staff Liaison manner. He has the ability to effective and sustainable manner. Carol Estes at [email protected]. quickly look at a project, identify the stakeholders and impacted Clint is truly considered one of our The current members of the UPROW individuals, and develop a strategic “go-to guys” here at the City of West Technical Committee are: solution minimizing potential Des Moines when a project needs negative impacts on the public. Clint flawless execution, and it is a privilege • Murvyn Morehead (Chair), has successfully organized many to work with him. We truly appreciate Right-of-Way Coordinator, City construction events, staging of traffic his dedication to the profession, his of Overland Park, Kansas for triathlon events as well as the dedication to the community and, day-to-day operations of completing most of all, his leadership. • Vic Bianes, Engineer Manager, work within the budget. He tirelessly San Diego County Water updates the website for construction- If you would like to recognize a leader Authority, San Diego, California related activity throughout the year in your organization, submit the name providing valuable information to the of the individual and a brief summary • Al Field, Owner, Field and public. of the project you would like to Associates LLC., Phoenix, recognize them for to Becky Stein Arizona Clint has recently implemented at [email protected]. • Michael T. Joyner, Liaison an instrumental communication Director, Utilities Protection approach via e-mail to our elected Center, Vidalia, Georgia officials and leadership to alert them on construction-related activities on a • Rouen Q. Liu, Project weekly basis throughout the summer Administrator, Hawaiian construction schedule. It allows our Electric Company, Honolulu, leadership to know when there is a Hawaii potential conflict prior to the impacts to the public. The update is clear and • Gerard Lundquist, P.E., Director, concise so leadership is able to get the National Grid, Garden City, message without getting bogged down New York in details. It can also be retrieved quickly by leadership as well as • David L. Lawry, P.E. (Board support staff when questions arise. Liaison), Director of Municipal Services, Chastain & Associates, Clint fostered an environment in LLC, Chicago, Illinois our construction division in which • Carol Estes, P.E. (Staff Liaison), the entire inspection team wanted Professional Services Program to achieve the American Public Manager, American Public Works Association Certified Public Works Association, Kansas Infrastructure Inspector certification to City, Missouri validate and improve the knowledge Clint Carpenter

August 2013 APWA Reporter 7 Chicago on the cheap: ten cheap things not to be missed

Joel Koenig Senior Project Manager, Crawford, Murphy & Tilly, Inc. Chicago, Illinois Member, APWA Chicago Metro Chapter Congress 2013 Steering Committee

or those of you just joining in St. and Jackson Blvd. If you are taking If you have a smart phone, make sure on our “Chicago on the cheap” the CTA, look for the shuttle at the you have apps for Groupon and other discussion, welcome. These Lake Street stop. The shuttle will be at deal sites to give you the daily deals past several months we’ve been the northwest corner of State and Lake on restaurants and things to do in having a great discussion on ways to St. Please check the Chicago Metro Chicago. have fun and save a few bucks at the Chapter’s website and Facebook page same time. for more details. Chicago is home to some world-class restaurants. On the other side of the It’s not unusual for me to get to my If you are driving to Chicago, you rating scale you won’t want to miss destination without planning what may want to consider parking out on the local diners, dives and I want to do until I’ve arrived at the arrangements other than at the hotel. delicacies mentioned on the travel hotel. So if you haven’t made any Downtown parking is extremely and food channels. If you don’t know plans yet or still need to fill in a few expensive. One option is to drive where to start, then I suggest a trip openings in your itinerary, but don’t from home and park in the long-term to the Billy Goat Tavern on Lower want to spend lots of bucks to fill parking lots at the airports. Then you Michigan, made famous by a skit on those holes, you’ve arrived at the right can take the CTA into the city. “Saturday Night Live.” page in the Reporter. So here’s a quick recap of ten inexpensive ways to save Now that you’re here, you’re Chicago has a very distinct and some cash. wondering what is there to do that recognizable skyline. The buildings isn’t expensive? We suggest packing a that surround you have been designed So you’ve just arrived at the airport comfortable pair of shoes and a hat, by world-class architects and many and want to save on the price of the and enjoying the city’s numerous are landmarks. Take a tour of the city, trip to the hotel. The number one parks. The Hilton is right across the paid or self-guided, and make note way to save some bucks is to use street from Grant Park and down the of the evolution of the skyscraper public transportation. If you are flying street from Millennium Park. Each from multi-story brick and mortar to in to Chicago, take the CTA train has its own unique place in history exoskeleton monoliths reaching into downtown and then walk a few blocks and both are fascinating places to see the heavens. to the hotel. One word of advice: if people and get a view of the great you are carrying a lot of luggage and skyline of the city. Enjoy the lake. Head east across Grant have issues with stairs, you may want Park to the lake front path. Bring your to take a pass on this. Chicago is a city built around ethnic sandals and enjoy the beaches and enclaves. One of the benefits is miles and miles of one of the largest If you are still looking to make some really good food at reasonable freshwater lakes in the world. transportation plans then a possible prices, so get out of downtown and alternative is to consider taking check out some of the nearby ethnic Take out your camera or smart phone Amtrak or one of the many intercity neighborhoods and restaurants like and capture some amazing views. On buses. Not only are you saving the Greek Town and China Town. your way back from the lake, stop by greenbacks, but you will be going Buckingham Fountain or the other green by cutting back on hydrocarbon Speaking of food, if you come to city landmarks such as the old water emissions. Chicago and are wondering what is tower on North Michigan Ave. that the one thing you should eat while survived the Great Chicago Fire. The local chapter is hosting a shuttle here, I have three words of advice for bus to help their volunteers get from you: Deep Dish Pizza. Just to get you Since you’ve been doing a great job Union Station (Amtrak). The pick-up started in your search, try Googling saving some money, here’s a bonus. is near the southwest corner of Canal either Lou Malnatti’s or Pizzeria Uno. First, let me share with you a little

8 APWA Reporter August 2013 secret. Chicago has some fantastic One of my favorite museums as a If you staying at the Hilton, head museums, and they are just a stone’s kid was the Museum of Science and east to Grant Park and follow the throw away from the conference Industry. It’s also a great place to path southeasterly under the railroad hotels, so you won’t have to spend a visit for us big kids. It’s a bit far to and Lake Shore Drive (a highway). dime getting to most of them! walk to so we recommend a cab or Continue east to the lakefront. The CTA bus. One of the unique exhibits museum is on a peninsula along the Just a few blocks to the north of the they have is an actual WWII German lake. It’s a nice walk and a great place Hilton, on Michigan Avenue, is the submarine—the U505. It’s the only to take a picture with your honey. Art Institute of Chicago. It’s a place German WWII sub in the U.S. It’s a you can get lost in for days, but you walk-through exhibit that allows a If you are bringing the kids or can also concentrate on just a few hands-on experience. grandkids and they like animals, you of the galleries. They have a large have a few choices. If they’re still collection of impressionists such as If time is short, head out to the quite young and they can only take Renoir and Monet. If modern is more Adler Planetarium. If you’re into a couple of hours of adventure, then your style, check out the new wing for Moon rocks and space stuff, this the Lincoln Park Zoo may be a good the museum’s collection of Picassos. is your place. It’s located in the choice. It’s not overly large and can They have a nice café in the new wing museum campus along with the Shed be reached by public transportation. so go ahead and splurge on a $5 latte Aquarium and the History Museum. If you’re with the grandkids, it might and croissant. be worth the cab fare. As a bonus, this is a free public zoo.

If zoos are your thing and you’re up for a little travel, then take the Metra BNSF line to the Brookfield Zoo. It’s a short walk from the zoo stop (get off at the Hollywood stop— not Brookfield). They have a great Dolphin show. Now if “Flipper” was your friend growing up and you want to see one of his cousins, but don’t want to take the train to the burbs, then we suggest the Shed Aquarium. They too have a dolphin show (additional admission charge).

If you are planning to visit several attractions, then check out the Go Chicago Card offered at the city’s tourism bureau site www. choosechicago.com. They have several options including a GO Select where you can build your customized itinerary and admission discounts.

See you in a few.

Joel Koenig is a Senior Project Manager with Crawford, Murphy & Tilly, Inc. He is serving as a member of the Chicago Metro Chapter Congress 2013 Steering Committee. He may be reached at (312) 357-2075 or at [email protected]. The Art Institute, located at 111 S. Michigan, about a half mile north of the Hilton Hotel. It is easily recognizable by the lions that stand guard.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 9 The APWA Donald C. Stone (DCS) Career Center: Your future is here!

Joan Awald Professional Development Coordinator American Public Works Association Kansas City, Missouri

or anyone who has ever to develop the mentoring relationship to promote excellence in public contemplated advancement in and discuss the mentee’s plans for works. Being connected with and their career in public works, achieving their credential. certified by APWA ensures competent, visiting the APWA DCS Career experienced, and well-trained Center at Congress in Chicago this Public Works Leadership Fellows employees. APWA currently has year should be a priority. As in any (PWLF) three certification programs: the profession, education and credentials Public Works Leadership Fellows will Certified Public Fleet Professional open doors to more opportunities and talk about their experience as mentors (CPFP), Certified Public Infrastructure with so many options in the APWA in the APWA DCS Center; public Inspector (CPII) and the Certified DCS Center, you’ll soon discover your works professionals with 20 or more Stormwater Manager (CSM). personal career path in public works. years of experience are invited to learn APWA’s Professional Development about opportunities to share their Public Works Technical Specialty staff, along with mentors, current wisdom with the next generation of Career Paths candidates, Technical Committee leaders. The Technical Specialty career members, institute and university path is for individuals interested representatives, and other volunteers Public Works Supervisor (PWS) in specializing in one or more will be there to meet you and answer & Public Works Manager (PWM) operational areas within public your questions about the variety of Programs works. The first three career paths are programs available to you. APWA’s Professional Development scheduled to launch in 2014 and will staff will answer questions about the include Fleet, Construction Inspection The following sessions are scheduled PWS & PWM programs that can be a and Stormwater. to take place at the APWA DCS Career turning point in your career. Members Center in the McCormick Place lobby. of the DCS Research Council will be Public Works Professional Career Path The date and time of each session can on hand to discuss projects that will The Public Works Professional career be found at http://www.apwa.net/ set you on a course to earn your PWS path is for engineers, architects, congress/2013/attendees/Education. You or PWM credential. planners, sociologists, geologists, can also check the updated list of events information technologists and at the DCS Career Center each day. Public Works Executive (PWE) Pro- consultants seeking a long-term gram Capstones & Graduate Studies professional plan within their Overview of the APWA Donald C. Meagan VanGelder from the specialty areas. Stone (DCS) Center University of Nebraska-Omaha The APWA DCS Center is the place and Donal Hartman from Norwich Public Works Institutes to go for training, instruction and University will explain the Representatives from many of APWA’s education for all public works requirements for the all-important nationally-approved institutes will be professionals. It is a system of career capstone project required for the available at various times to describe paths with progressive educational rigorous, but relevant, PWE program their Institute’s curriculum. experiences that lead to certificates, and review their master’s degree certifications, CEUs, undergraduate programs specifically designed for Emerging Leaders Academy and graduate credits, and degrees. public works professionals. For those interested in advancing their careers within the public works profes- Mentor-Mentee “Meet & Greet” Certification Programs sion, the Emerging Leaders Academy Mentors and mentees should plan to The APWA certification programs are offers an inside look at how APWA meet face-to-face in the APWA DCS a series of professional development National operates and access to experi- Career Center; this is an excellent way initiatives administered by APWA enced public works professionals. This

10 APWA Reporter August 2013 year-long professional development MicroPAVER™ times while at Congress to gather program includes monthly leader- MicroPAVER™ is a pavement information about your professional ship-based homework assignments, an management system developed and development choices. Moving intensive fall retreat, and culminates maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of forward on your career path goes in a group public works research proj- Engineers and distributed by APWA. beyond your personal professional ect and Congress presentation. An Stop by to find out how you can order development; it also enhances your engaging curriculum with dynamic MicroPAVER and the companion agency and your community. APWA speakers, ELA has something for ev- software, FieldInspector, as well as staff and community of public works eryone and provides an opportunity licensing details. professionals hope to see you there! for future leaders to get involved and excited about APWA. We encourage you to visit the Joan Awald can be reached at (816) APWA DCS Career Center several 595-5217 or [email protected]. APWA Members’ Library Come talk to APWA staff to learn about the Members’ Library, an amaz- ing resource where you can access past Click, Listen & Learn webinars, Reporter articles, and presentations from Congress and other APWA con- ferences. You can search by topic and, best of all, it’s free for members!

Continuing Education Units CEUs are required for maintaining certifications and licenses, but they are also a great way to validate your educational experiences for your professional portfolio. Learn about all the APWA programs that offer CEUs.

Technical Committees APWA has nine Technical Committees: Emergency Management, Engineering & Technology, Facilities & Grounds, Fleet Services, Leadership & Management, Solid Waste Management, Transportation, Utilities & Public Right-of-Way, and Water Resources Management. Committee members will discuss their role as leaders in their respective fields; you can get information about serving on a committee or ask about opportunities within a specific field.

Public Works Historical Society Have you ever considered how public Pictured is Julie Piacentini, this year’s recipient of the New England Chapter’s John W. Kiley Member of the Year award, standing with John Kiley’s son, works has contributed to civilization? Clement Kiley. The award was presented to Julie on June 26 at the New Come hear why it’s important to England Chapter’s Member of the Year Banquet which is held during the promote public understanding and chapter’s annual summer workshop. appreciation of the role of public works and learn how you can become Julie works for the Town of Brookline Department of Public Works and is a involved. member of the New England Chapter’s Board of Directors. John Kiley was a strong supporter and leader in the chapter for approximately 50 years.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 11 Emerging Leaders Academy VI: Engaging tomorrow’s professionals

Akbar Alikhan Public Works Analyst City of Thousand Oaks, California

“Leadership can come from any generations. From the get-go, it was ognized as a global leader in public direction.” This gem was among the evident that there would be no short- works?” The problem statement called opening remarks to the Emerging age of characters and humor. for ideas on how to best engage the in- Leaders Academy (ELA) retreat spoken ternational public works professionals by the host and program coordinator, The three days of the retreat were and promote APWA abroad. Sue Hann. The former Public Works packed with non-stop activities. Director and current City Manager Throughout the days’ sessions we While building awareness of APWA of Palm Bay, Fla., continued, “it learned that leaders come in a variety overseas is a laudatory goal, we were [leadership] can come from top- of styles in the “Strength Based Lead- all in agreement that there was plenty down, bottom-up, peer-to-peer…” ership Session,” that the public works of awareness to build right here in Sue’s comments set the tone early profession “needs to be cool again” to North America. Our class developed and dispelled any notions that we attract the brightest graduates from the idea to reach out to local APWA must wait our turn before we can APWA Past President Larry Frevert, chapters and develop a template or make meaningful changes or that and that telling a resident that “this “starter kit” to assist with the creation the onus is on someone else to build project is going to happen [whether of affiliated student chapters. The momentum. they like it or not],” is probably not purpose of the student chapters is to a successful tactic. Deana Donohue, engage the professionals of tomorrow In October 2012, the sixteen members co-host of the ELA retreat, led the by promoting public works as a chal- of the ELA VI class met in Kansas group through strategy games to lenging and rewarding career. City, Mo., for the class retreat. Within demonstrate that the cooperative ar- five minutes of meeting our other rangements can yield better outcomes We felt that the creation of student classmates, it became apparent that for all parties involved. Sue shared her chapters at higher learning institu- this group was not assembled by experience transitioning from a Pub- tions would still fulfill APWA’s original accident. The diversity of the group lic Works Director to a City Manager, goal building international awareness. was undeniable. Among our sixteen explained the importance of a work/ The higher learning institutions of classmates we represented: life balance, and challenged the class the United States and Canada attract to do some personal reflection during students from all over world; those • Both private and public our retreat. students often return home after organizations completing their degrees. If we can In addition to monthly homework expose those international students to • Eleven different states and two assignments and class discussions via the value and educational tools that Canadian provinces conference calls, each ELA class is APWA has to offer, there is a good required to complete a class project chance that APWA’s recognition will • City, county, state and federal and present it at the annual APWA grow internationally. governments Congress & Exposition held every • Office and field staff in both August. Our greatest challenge as a Our first decision as a group was managerial and non-managerial group came when brainstorming ideas followed by our best decision as a positions on how to best address the project group—selecting fellow classmate topic. To frame our project’s scope, Lauren Behm as the group leader for the following problem statement was the class project. A Public Information Another glaring observation was the provided by the APWA International Specialist for Pierce County, Wash., gender makeup of our class. Ten of our Affairs Committee: “APWA is the pro- Lauren is unequivocally a leader sixteen classmates were women—per- fessional organization representing amongst leaders. Over the past nine haps an indication of a welcomed and public works in the United States and months and still a couple more to sorely-needed change from previous Canada. How can APWA become rec- go, Lauren has navigated deadlines,

12 APWA Reporter August 2013 personalities, and many conference calls to get the project on the precipice of completion. Describing her expe- rience, Lauren said, “The Emerging Leaders retreat was a life-changing ex- perience for me. I gained 15 amazing new friends and left feeling inspired to go home and make a difference in my organization.”

In our last hours of the retreat, we commandeered the upstairs of a local Barnes & Noble to make headway on our class project (pictured). After some noteworthy progress, the class made its way to a local bar to celebrate a successful weekend.

You can catch the entire ELA class at this year’s APWA Congress & Expo- sition in Chicago this August. The ELA presentation will be presented on The Emerging Leaders Academy VI. Top row, left to right: Joline McFarlane, Monday, August 26, at 10:00 a.m. Lauren Behm, Doug Smith, Elisabeth Weiss, A.J. Reineking, Dina Ochoa, Chris Helinski, Brandon Braithwaite and Donnie Scharff. Bottom row, left to right: Kati Horner-Gonzales, Amy Johannsen, Rachel Gerena, Melissa Kudla, Eileen Akbar Alikhan can be reached at (805) Depuy, Becky Bonebrake and Akbar Alikhan. 449-2458 or [email protected].

ColoradoTruckAd_APWA.indd 1 August 2013 APWA7/17/2013 Reporter 1:34:48 PM 13 The Golden Age of Public Works in Chicago

Dr. Robert D. Leighninger, Jr. Visiting Scholar University of California–Berkeley Oakland, California

he varied public works Cincinnati, New Orleans, San over $20 million to Chicago’s programs of the Franklin Francisco, Chicago and other cities school system. There were two small Roosevelt Administration’s without the multi-million-dollar library projects costing $141,883. New Deal produced, in an facilities built by the New Deal. Health facilities were also enhanced amazingly short period of time with over $5 million in hospital (between 1933 and 1940), the A more noticeable PWA contribution improvements, including a dental backbone of our physical and to Chicago infrastructure was the school and a 17-story nursing cultural infrastructure. Most of what Outer Drive Bridge that finally linked home. Parks were developed by was built is still around and still in the southern and northern sections both agencies. PWA put in $8 use. Chicago benefitted greatly from of Lakeshore Drive at a cost of million. WPA was active at Lincoln, these programs. almost $7 million. At the time it was Marquette, Jensen, Gompers, and the longest and widest bascule bridge Burnham Parks, probably using The two programs that had the in the world. Four other bridges some of the PWA money. PWA put greatest impact on cities were were built by PWA costing another $761,109 into beach improvement. the Public Works Administration $3.8 million. Both PWA and WPA (PWA) and the Works Progress not only completed the Drive, but Four large public housing projects, Administration (WPA). The PWA added grade crossings, stabilized the over $15 million worth, should be undertook larger projects; WPA lake shoreline with huge limestone mentioned. Three fire stations and concentrated on smaller, more blocks, landscaped parks and added a police department were also built labor-intensive efforts. Projects for facilities like the whimsical beach at a combined cost of $718,176. The PWA were locally initiated, jointly house shaped like an Art Deco ocean New Deal investment in Chicago financed, and federally monitored. liner in Lincoln Park. Across the public works was breathtaking. They worked though contractors; city, PWA completed eleven other Will we ever have the will to do WPA operated through force viaduct, bridge approach, underpass something like that again? accounts. and other street projects totaling another $9.7 million. Bob Leighninger was trained as a The Calumet sewage system was sociologist but has been retooling as PWA’s largest single effort, costing Two equally important a New Deal historian for the last two decades. He is the author of Long over $56 million. A $13 million transportation projects were the Range Public Investment: The waterworks and three other water State Street subway running under Forgotten Legacy of the New Deal projects brought the Chicago total Dearborn and Milwaukee Avenues to $69,409,824 and made it possible and Building Louisiana: The Legacy (PWA), costing $18 million, and for Chicagoans to drink water free of the Public Works Administration improvements at Midway Airport from industrial pollutants and raw which won the Public Works Historical (WPA), then the busiest in the world. sewage. At the beginning of the New Society’s Abel Wolman Award in 2008. Existing runways were widened, new Deal over 70 percent of the U.S. He is currently a Visiting Scholar ones added, and drainage improved. population drank untreated water. at the Living New Deal Project in All-weather operations were made When it was over only 30 percent the Geography of the University of possible with radio beacons and were exposed. With industrialism California–Berkeley. Contact him by markers. growing and cities expanding, one e-mail at [email protected] or by can only imagine the public health phone at (602) 516-2607. Cultural infrastructure was not crises that might have erupted neglected. Four large projects added in New York City, Baltimore,

14 APWA Reporter August 2013 For more information about these programs or to register online, visit www.apwa.net/Education. Program information will be updated as it becomes available. Questions? Call the Professional Development Department at 1-800-848-APWA. 2013

August 1 Stormwater Green Infrastructure Maintenance

EDUCATION AT YOUR DESKTOP

August 8 Do You Know DIRT (Damage Information Reporting Tool)?

EDUCATION AT YOUR DESKTOP

August 15 MicroPAVER FieldInspector Overview

EDUCATION AT YOUR DESKTOP

August 25-28 2013 International Public Works Congress & Exposition – Chicago, IL

May 4-7, 2014 2014 North American Snow Conference – Cincinnati, OH

APWA members may access past Click, Listen, Learn programs from the Members’ Library at no cost. Programs can be streamed to your computer via the link found in the library. If you have expertise that you would like to share, please use the online Call for Presentations form to describe your expertise and perspective on the topic. www.apwa.net/callforpresentations/

= Click, Listen, & Learn program (Free to Members) = Live Conference (Paid Registration)

EDUCATION AT YOUR DESKTOP

August 2013 APWA Reporter 15 Diversity Committee publishes Resource Guide, 2nd Edition

Charles R. Jordan, MPA Management Analyst III City of Largo, Florida Chair, APWA Diversity Committee

s we end another program at Congress, been published in both prejudice, ways of working with year, I reflect upon the past the Reporter and Bridges multiple diverse coworkers, and much more. three years I have spent times, and developed tip sheets It is a publication that will not only serving on the national and presentations in a can for use help your chapters, but your staff Diversity Committee. I remember by everyone in the organization. as well. It also educates readers asking why I was being appointed Nothing has made me more proud, on current diversity issues such as when I am a Caucasian W.A.S.P. man though, than the committee’s work generational differences, women to a committee committed to the this year while I was chairman. in the workplace, and cultural understanding of literally everyone differences since 9/11 and other else. I remember thinking that other In 2001 and 2003, the Diversity major events in our recent history. It individuals’ points of view would be Committee published two volumes is also designed to be easily updated much better suited for this role, but of the Diversity Resource Guide for the on an annual or multi-year basis, in the end I thought that this would benefit of APWA members. These depending on the committee, to be a wonderful challenge for me and committees worked very hard to provide APWA the best and most one that would help me grow as a develop quality publications that current information. professional. In all of these thoughts, provided valuable insight to us I was absolutely right. not only in managing APWA, but I want to thank all of this year’s within our professional lives as well. committee members for their hard At first, I was amazed at the sheer I want to thank these committees work in completing this publication; amount of work this committee and the members who served during it required some extra conference does that the general membership these years for their great work in calls and a lot of time in front of does not even know about. They developing these publications, and their computers typing and reviewing communicate with liaisons in each to say that this year’s committee data. They are to be commended chapter on a regular basis, write decided to continue your great work for getting behind this project and articles for both the APWA Reporter for 2013. making it a success. Also, thanks to and Bridges, plan three technical Cindy Long, Staff Liaison, who put sessions at each year’s APWA The Diversity Committee is proud the document together and made it Congress, plan three events (other to announce the publication of look outstanding for our readers. than the sessions) at Congress, and the APWA Diversity Resource Guide, finally, they work all year to complete 2nd Edition. This new publication We hope everyone enjoys this various publications, manuals, and (available only in PDF format) has publication and gets good use out of guides for chapters and members on been sent to each of your chapter it for years to come. In the meantime, diversity issues. All of these tasks are diversity liaisons and is available now your national Diversity Committee accomplished with only one monthly on the APWA website. We have taken will continue to work on projects and conference call and a meeting at the great work from 2001 and 2003, initiatives to continue to promote Congress each year. Oh yeah, and updated it, refined it, and added to it, inclusiveness in APWA, and we these committee members have real to make a publication that is current, hope you continue to support these jobs too. beneficial, and valuable to our fellow initiatives in making our organization APWA members. diverse, better, and ready for this next Since I became a committee member, century ahead of us. I have been given the opportunity This guide covers many topics, to work on some great projects. I including diversity statistics, Chas Jordan can be reached at (727) have had the opportunity to speak discussion on various types of 586-7418 or [email protected].

16 APWA Reporter August 2013

For a limited time: free advice for one tool to solve all your resource problems

Jason M. Peek, Ph.D., P.E. Transportation Department Manager City of Stillwater, Oklahoma Member, APWA Small Cities/Rural Communities Committee COMMUNITIES

ave you ever worked hard 2. one that defends or maintains a those that do not support the issue. on a public works problem, cause or proposal; This knowledge is critical because developed a concrete effective opposition may be based on emotion, solution, only to have it 3. one that supports or promotes the fear, politics, or other factors that rejected by your council, commission, interests of another require different mitigation strategies. or customers? The Small Cities/Rural An effective advocate uses knowledge- Communities (SC/RC) Committee has We are advocates for public understanding to make his or her case some strategies that can work for you. infrastructure. A primary function of and build trust among all the different our jobs is to plead, defend, support, stakeholders. During past Town Hall Forums hosted and promote infrastructure within by the SC/RC Committee, participants our community. We make our cases Clear-communication infers that have requested information on how to in front of a variety of tribunals from an effective advocate has the skill increase resources, foster community elected officials, civic groups, our to discuss issues with a variety of support, and other topics to improve neighbors, and families. Our assets stakeholders. Clear means that the their communities. A simple, yet cost- don’t often speak for themselves advocate can discuss the issues quickly effective, solution to these issues is to unless they fail or have problems. One and concisely without use of technical improve your advocacy skills. of my mentors reminded me: “There jargon. Effective advocates know their are rarely any ‘Friends of Sewer’ audience and adjust communication Effective advocates build trust and groups to support your cause.” to the situation and audience. This support for their causes. Building trust adjustment does not mean being and support for your issue increases Advocacy is a skill developed as part dishonest, untruthful, or withholding, the likelihood of success. Being an of on-the-job-training. Becoming but rather making sure that the effective advocate requires a different an effective advocate requires the advocate’s audience receives and set of skills than most traditional following key skills: knowledge- understands the conversation. public works training. Like most understanding, clear-communication, public works professionals, advocacy relationship-building, outreach- Relationship-building is used by was not a subject in school or a course listening, and gratitude. The following effective advocates to build a support in college. Merriam Webster defines is a brief description of these skill sets. network for their issues. Effective an advocate as: advocates understand that advocacy is Knowledge-understanding infers that a joint venture and requires assistance from others to build success. An 1. one that pleads the cause of advocates know and understand all effective advocate works to build another; specifically: one that the available information surrounding relationships throughout his or her pleads the cause of another before an issue. An effective advocate community. These relationships a tribunal or judicial court; understands the information from multiple points of view, including do not guarantee that others will

“Each person’s map of the world is as unique as the person’s thumbprint. There are no two people alike, no two people who understand the same sentence the same way. So in dealing with people, you try not to fit them to your concept of what they should be.”

– Milton H. Erickson (1901-1980), American psychiatrist and author

18 APWA Reporter August 2013 always agree with you, but it resources needed, and lessons learned. opportunities to improve advocacy for provides a pathway to build common The practice summary also includes public works at all levels. Attendees understanding of the issue. contact information for follow-up of to the session will leave with case questions or ideas. examples of advocacy practices that Outreach-listening involves two can be put into action immediately. simultaneous actions for effective The goal of the SC/RC Committee advocacy. Effective advocates listen is to develop an online library of In closing, the SC/RC Committee and analyze feedback received during advocacy best practices that will believes that improving your advocacy outreach. This skill helps advocates continue to grow. If you have one to skills is an effective strategy to gain insight into other perceptions share, please let us know. The SC/RC addressing resource issues, increasing of the issue. The skill also helps Committee will present these practices public support, and improving our advocates understand which outreach at the 2013 APWA International communities. If you agree please join methods work for different issues and Public Works Congress & Exposition us at Congress to share your thoughts. stakeholders. As an example, changing as part of the technical sessions. We location and format of public will have a panel discussion to share Jason M. Peek can be reached at (405) meetings may increase participation what we have learned and highlight 533-8471 or [email protected]. and attendance.

Gratitude is as simple as it sounds. Effective advocates remember to SAMPLE BEST PRACTICE say thank you and understand that American Public Works Association success is a joint effort. Advocacy Tool Kit

So now that you understand some Best Practice: Main Street Partnership (downtown beautification) of the basic skill sets involved in advocacy, how do you apply them? Advocacy Purpose: Improve community image and foster teamwork The Small Cities/Rural Communities Committee is developing an inventory Target Audience: Chambers of Commerce, Main Street Associations, other of best practices for advocacy to share similar organizations that benefit from improved community appeal. Could with all public works professionals. include service clubs looking for a “cause.” This effort is to complement APWA’s Resources Needed: Available funds, committed volunteers, and commitment existing program for addressing to change legislative issues through the APWA Advocates Program. Description: Work with your local Main Street Association, Chamber of Commerce, civic clubs, youth organizations and/or any other groups that are To date, the committee has identified willing to make a commitment to “owning” some aspect of the community. more than twenty-five practices that have been used by cities and towns Case Example: The City of Ottawa, Kans., has a Victorian downtown with across North America to share with flower/shrub beds at every corner, a limited budget for beautification, and APWA members. These practices a committed group of volunteers spearheaded by the Ottawa Main Street reflect activities that have direct Association. That group solicited volunteers (groups) for each corner, who impact on public works operations at wished to do something to reflect their individual preferences for plant local, regional, and state levels. The materials, as opposed to the “same thing everywhere approach” we had been practices include simple activities using to keep maintenance more affordable. The volunteers did ask for increased from council project updates to funding, but were more than matching it with their private funds. The small larger-scale outreach such as regional increases in funding we’ve been able to provide have multiplied significantly coordination committees. The with the volunteer manpower. The diversity of plants at the corners has been practices all share the common traits greatly appreciated, and community pride has swelled as a result of this project. of effective advocacy. Lessons Learned: Find the right private individual to lead the charge, and The practices are being formatted and be willing to support their ideas. The ideas are likely to take you out of your catalogued for inclusion on the APWA comfort zone. website. The format for the practice Contact Information: Andy Haney, Public Works Director, includes a quick summary of what [email protected] the practice is, the target audience,

August 2013 APWA Reporter 19 Awards 2013

PWA’s Awards Program strategic planning, and organizational A.J. Reineking, Crystal Lake, IL; Akbar recognizes outstanding effectiveness helped the department Alikhan, Thousand Oaks, CA; Lauren individuals, groups and achieve a 95% Full Compliance rating Behm, Pierce County, WA; Becky chapters representing the and one Model Practice designation Bonebrake, Lenexa, KS; Brandon best in public works. In the April issue for the 2008-2010 Strategic Plan when Braithwaite, Madison, WI; Eileen of the APWA Reporter we announced the Department was accredited in DePuy, Orange, CA; Rachel Gerena, the recipients of the Excellence in 2008. In 2012, the department had Palm Bay, FL; Christopher Helinski, Snow and Ice Control Award; in the a 99% Full Compliance rating with Plymouth, MI; Kathryn Horner, May issue we paid tribute to the Top only two practices not receiving full Kansas City, MO; Amy Johannsen, Ten Public Works Leaders of the Year; compliance. Coralville, IA; Melissa M. Kudla, and in the July issue we covered the Lakewood, CO; Joline McFarlane, Public Works Projects of the Year. In Jordan has been an active member of Airdrie, Alberta; Dina Ochoa, Irvine, this issue we announce the rest of APWA since joining in 2007. He was CA; Donnie Scharff, Olathe, KS; Doug this year’s award winners, recognizing accepted into the APWA Emerging Smith, Lakewood, CO; Elisabeth their achievements in excellence Leaders Academy, graduating with his Weiss, Brampton, Ontario demonstrated by their vision, passion class in 2008. He has been engaged and delivery of service to their in the leadership of the West Coast Sustainability Practices communities. Branch of the Florida Chapter, serving Award – Individual as chair in FY 2011/12, and serves To recognize individuals, teams on the Florida Chapter Executive Young Leader Award or organizations that have made Committee. On the national level, The Young Leader Award recognizes outstanding contributions to promote Jordan has been involved with the APWA members who have demonstrated sustainability in public works. Diversity Committee (chairing the an initial commitment to the profession Sustainability is accomplished by the committee in 2013), and also serving and the Association and display potential efficient delivery of infrastructure in an as co-chair of the Subcommittee on for future growth within the Association. environmentally and socially responsible Generational Issues. He is a member The award promotes the concept that way that ensures the best choice in the of the Congress Program Review length of career does not necessarily long term. indicate leadership abilities or potential Committee and has been serving as the chair of the Young Professionals for service. Mario N. Steering Committee. Leone, Jr. Charles R. Manager (Chas) Jordan Emerging Leaders Academy Borough Management APWA’s Emerging Leaders Academy of Monaca, Analyst III provides ongoing leadership and Pennsylvania City of Largo, management training within the context Mario N. Le- Florida of public works, encourages professional one, Jr., has Charles R. growth through a strong network of peers, taken every (Chas) Jordan and offers an in-depth introduction to opportunity to explore sustainable ini- is currently APWA at the national, chapter and tiatives in an effort to create a sustain- serving as the branch levels. Sixteen candidates were able community, taking a Triple Bot- Management Analyst III of the City of accepted into the sixth class of the tom Line approach (social, economic, Largo’s Department of Public Works Academy based upon their short tenure environmental). From alternative en- (as well as the departments of Fire in the field of public works, their interest ergy to sustainable solutions, he had Rescue and Environmental Services). in advancing their careers within the been quietly pursuing these initiatives. During his tenure at the City of profession, and a firm commitment of Then he responded to Sustainable Largo, Jordan has led the department their time and effort to the program. Pittsburgh’s request to complete their through its first Accreditation effort “Sustainable Communities Rapid As- and its first Reaccreditation effort. Members of the Class of 2013 Emerging sessment” in 2007. The assessment His skills in project management, Leaders Academy: consisted of 91 practices and policies.

20 APWA Reporter August 2013 Monaca Borough scored well above Maplewood.” Maplewood has While at the Ohio the rest of the 126 communities that been a metro area pioneer in rain Department of responded. That is when the Pittsburgh garden design, construction, and Transportation Post-Gazette put Monaca Borough in maintenance, and has become a leader (ODOT), Sonja the spotlight, and since then Leone in the banning of coal tar driveway R. Simpson has shared his success story around sealants. Maplewood’s Comprehensive has worked as the world. Plan is a guide to development- a mentor and related goals and policies to ensure sponsor to a group Leone and Monaca Borough recognize continued orderly, managed growth of employees who the importance of an effective through the year 2030. Although traversed the Ohio and efficient water system in both the emphasis is on land use, the State University’s promoting and maintaining growth Comprehensive Plan is comprised Ohio Certified Public Manager and development. Maintaining of several interrelated elements Program. Having enrolled in this current life or promoting future addressing the natural environment, rigorous program, the group worked growth cannot be accomplished land use, transportation, community together on real issues experienced without a quality water supply/ facilities and infrastructure, and how by public management. As a sponsor, system. As a result, in 2010 the those elements can be managed and Simpson attended presentations and borough entered into a $1.5 million maintained in a sustainable manner. checkpoint meetings to give guidance Energy Performance Contract with and assistance to the students, who Johnson Controls Inc. The major The City of Maplewood has been were already consummate public components of the contract consisted participating in the Minnesota works professionals in their own right. of upgrading their water system’s GreenStep Cities program since The group successfully completed the meters with wireless automatic meter December 2010 with the Green Team program, and their capstone project reading technology, and installing serving as the coordinating board for final version will be adopted as a a wireless leak detection system. In the program (www.ci.maplewood. resource into the ODOT Operations addition, the borough secured bond mn.us/sustainability). In June 2012 Maintenance Manual. financing in the amount of $4.2 the Green Step Steering Committee million to construct an elevated water recognized Maplewood as a Step Innovations born under Simpson’s tank which will reduce the borough’s Two GreenStep City for having leadership include the use of traffic energy consumption by eliminating accomplished 12 best practices, well data to feed a newly-launched the need to provide system pressure above the eight needed to achieve this program called OHgo (www.OHgo. 24/7 through pumping. status. Since that time the City has com) and the Ohio TTRI (Travel Time completed several more best practices Reliability Index). OHgo is an award- Sustainability Practices Award and is well on its way to Step Three winning travel information website – Program/Organization status. purposed to provide the motoring To recognize individuals, teams public with real-time traffic data to or organizations that have made Professional Manager of the allow them to make decisions on the outstanding contributions to promote Year Award – Administrative commute and path of travel. The TTRI sustainability in public works. Management information is used to find pinch- points and congested corridors that Sustainability is accomplished by the The Professional Manager of the Year are quickly turned over to the Ramp efficient delivery of infrastructure in an Award in Administrative Management Clear program for trouble-shooting environmentally and socially responsible seeks to recognize outstanding and quick remediation. Traffic tie-ups way that ensures the best choice in the achievement in the area of administration and delays can cause billions of dollars long term. within the public works department in economic losses every year, and and to inspire excellence and dedication these two programs go far to reduce in the public sector by recognizing the their impact. outstanding career service achievements of administrative professionals. Professional Manager of the Sonja R. Simpson Year Award – Engineering Deputy Director, Division of and Technology City of Maplewood, Minnesota Operations The Professional Manager of the Year The City of Maplewood, Minn., has Ohio Department of Award in the Engineering and Technology become known locally as “Sustainable Transportation category recognizes the outstanding career

August 2013 APWA Reporter 21 service achievements of engineering and Professional Manager of the performance metrics; implemented technology professionals. Year Award – Public Fleet mandatory odometer reading capture The Professional Manager of the Year at fueling; oversaw update and Russell “Reid” Award in the Public Fleet category revision of the department’s website; Penland recognizes the outstanding career service and implemented campus vehicle Supervising achievements of public fleet management identification/logo project. Land Surveyor professionals with the award’s primary Alameda County, focus on exceptional leadership and Professional Manager of the California management of public sector fleets. Year Award – Public Right-of- Russell “Reid” Pen- Way land has served as Richard The Professional Manager of the Year Alameda County’s Battersby, Award in the Public Right-of-Way Supervising Land CPFP, CAFM category seeks to inspire excellence Surveyor for 25 years. Prior to his time Director of and dedication in the public sector by with the County, he worked for the Fleet Services recognizing the outstanding career service Santa Fe Railroad, the City of Flag- University of achievements of public right-of-way staff (Arizona), and had his own land California, management professionals. The primary surveying practice. While working in Davis focus of this award is recognition of Arizona, Penland was appointed by Richard public right-of-way management which former Governor Babbitt to hold the Battersby, demonstrates that all stakeholders share Land Surveyor Chair to the Arizona Director of the public right-of-way in harmony and State Board of Technical Registration Fleet Services for the University of preserve them in the best interest and for architects, assayers, engineers, ge- California, Davis, has more than benefit of the public. ologists, landscape architects, and land 25 years of experience in the fleet surveyors. His private practice provid- industry. He oversees the maintenance Deborah ed full-range land surveying services and repair of more than 1,500 pieces “Denise” to clients such as the Bureau of Land of on-road and off-road equipment Kiser Management, Navajo Indian Nation, for the main UC Davis campus, Right-of-Way and several large shopping centers. which is comprised of approximately Agent 20,000 faculty and staff and more Putnam One of Penland’s more recent and than 30,000 students. The UC Davis County, significant contributions is the fleet consists of equipment ranging Florida creation and implementation of from golf carts to 53 passenger buses. Deborah “Denise” Kiser has more an innovative GIS database system The supported units on campus than 25 years of experience in which compiles and tracks any past include the Police Department, Fire public right-of-way with the County map activity within the County of Department, Utilities, Grounds, Governments of Lake County and Alameda including cities. All data Solid Waste Department, Facilities Putnam County in the State of pertaining to any map created by the Management, and many other Florida. She first performed right- Public Works Agency or submitted departments and divisions. of-way work for 10 years with the to the Agency by an outside party is Clerk of Courts Department of Lake catalogued for easy retrieval using GIS Under Battersby’s leadership, the County. After that, she worked in the through Penland’s development of a Fleet Services Department has Public Works Departments of Lake complicated yet user-friendly database improved customer service by the and Putnam Counties performing system. Tract Maps, Parcel Maps, following: expanded Fleet Advisory right-of-way duties. During her six Records of Survey, and Corner Records Board functions; developed monthly years with Putnam County, Kiser are easily accessible in a map-tracking customer utilization and billing has obtained right-of-way which has database. Employees, other surveyors, reports; designed/implemented allowed hundreds of acres of roadway and Alameda County constituents rate structure to provide clean air and drainage projects to proceed. can access map data including map vehicles at no extra cost; implemented With her persistence, many of the makers, map surveyors, the survey online and e-mail customer County’s projects would never have companies, the map examiners, filing satisfaction surveys; designed been completed or would have been information, costs associated with customer satisfaction survey template delayed and revised costing many various maps, and locations of the adopted by parent agency; created thousands of additional dollars to properties. detailed Fleet Services Department complete.

22 APWA Reporter August 2013 In December 2012, Kiser took on Service (TEEX), and as an adjunct Director/Solid Waste Disposal a special project for the Putnam instructor for the U.S. Department Superintendent. County Administrator. The project of Homeland Security’s Office of was to bring homeowners into the Domestic Preparedness’ “Public Bramble’s initiative and leadership service area for a proposed wastewater Works: Planning for and Responding have contributed to the improvements treatment plant project. Kiser took to Terrorism/Weapons of Mass and proper management of the Solid the initiative to find out about all Destruction (WMD)” course. Waste Division. Her accomplishments the costs and associated property include initiating the use of the Work issues for 159 properties. By the end Lux has served as an observer/ Management System to efficiently of January 2013, she was able to get controller for exercises that assess handle customer service requests 107 properties to sign easements existing state and local plans and concerns; implementing Global for connections to the future sewer throughout the State of Texas for Positioning Systems in vehicles collection system. By achieving this so consequence management of a to improve routing, mapping and quickly, the grant funding was secured terrorism incident that involves a tracking; updating equipment with and the positive environmental WMD, with the outcome desired to higher efficiency components; impacts created by the project can enhance those plans and procedures. upgrading commercial services to soon be realized by the community. This course was developed and is front-load dumpsters for greater delivered by Texas A&M University efficiencies and amended ordinance Professional Manager of the under an agreement with the State to expand commercial services; and Year Award – Public Works of Texas Division of Emergency researching use of compressed natural Emergency Management Management (DEM) and the Texas gas trucks to reduce fuel costs and Department of Public Safety (DPS). improve environmental footprint. The Professional Manager of the Year Award in Public Works Emergency Management seeks to inspire excellence Professional Manager of the Professional Manager of the and dedication by recognizing the Year Award – Solid Waste Year Award – Transportation outstanding career service achievements The Professional Manager of the Year The Professional Manager of the Year of public works emergency management Award in the Solid Waste category Award in the Transportation category professionals. recognizes the outstanding career service recognizes the outstanding career service achievements of solid waste management achievements of public transportation Lawrence professionals. The primary focus of professionals. The primary focus of (Larry) Lux, this award is recognition of exceptional this award is recognition of exceptional PWLF management, operation and maintenance leadership and management by an Founder/ of public sector solid waste operations. individual through a significant President transportation-related project or program. Lux Advisors, Monica Bramble Ltd. Solid Waste James D. “Jim” Plainfield, Manager Armstrong Illinois City of North Assistant For over thirty Port, Florida Administrator – years Lawrence (Larry) Lux has Monica Bramble Transportation/ lectured and taught public officials in serves as the Solid Public Works the preparation for and management Waste Manager Charleston of local emergencies and disasters and for the City County, South has developed many seminars and of North Port, Carolina workshops that have been offered by Fla., supervising 33 employees in As Assistant Administrator – APWA throughout North America. the Solid Waste Division and one Transportation/Public Works for He has been associated with FEMA’s employee in the Administration Charleston County, S.C., James D. Emergency Management Institute as Division. Prior to her appointment “Jim” Armstrong oversees both the a public works subject matter expert, to her position in 2007, she worked Transportation Development and lecturer and exercise controller since for the City of Spokane, Wash., Solid Public Works for Charleston County, 1985. He also served the National Waste Department for 16 years as a a total of 176 permanent full-time Emergency Response and Rescue Laboratory Technician, Hazardous/ employees and 34 temporary full- Training Center (NERRTC), through Infectious Waste Coordinator, and time employees. The Public Works the Texas Engineering Extension finally as the Acting Solid Waste Department includes the mosquito

August 2013 APWA Reporter 23 control, maintenance/construction, an effective and efficient team as Klayton Eckles stormwater, engineering, Manager of the Water Resources Engineering administration and asset management Division for the City of Roswell. Her and Public divisions. Since being promoted to responsibilities include oversight of Works Deputy this position, Armstrong has worked water supply and distribution for Director/City diligently to improve communication the Roswell Water Utility and the Engineer between the two departments and Stormwater Management Program. City of focus on collaboration, as both groups Under her guidance the Water Utility Woodbury, often have similar goals. has won awards from the Georgia Minnesota Association of Water Professionals Klayton Eckles has been an active and Armstrong led Charleston County including five Platinum awards central leader in Minnesota in the to adopt procedures which allowed for flawless operation of the water area of water resources protection and certain major projects to be procured treatment plant, two awards for management. Currently he is a key through a design-build delivery Distribution System of the Year, two player in the Minimal Impact Design method as opposed to traditional awards for Consumer Confidence Standards (MIDS) program underway design-bid-build delivery which had Report of the Year, and a number of in Minnesota. This program was been used on all County projects individual staff awards. launched by the Legislature in an prior to the Transportation Sales effort to create uniformity and Tax. These new procedures were Champagne’s Water Resources streamline stormwater management first successfully used on the $43 Division organizes all its programs and regulation. Minnesota has million Palmetto Commerce Parkway on the basis of sustainable decision- been at the forefront of stormwater Phase II project, which paved the making. Her supervisors make management and environmental way for design-build to be used use of the APWA Framework for protection, but the regulatory again on the program’s flagship $84 Sustainable Communities as a framework has become increasingly million Johnnie Dodds Boulevard decision tool on all major programs complex. MIDS is a statewide Improvements project. Realizing the such as implementation of the collaborative effort to develop a clear substantial cost and time savings Automated Metering Infrastructure set of management goals as well as a achieved through the use of design- and selection of materials for mains framework for achieving the goals. build procurement methods, it is and services. The decision matrices expected that Charleston County for project prioritization reflect the Through Eckles’s career, he has will continue to use this method to triple objectives of environmental, questioned and queried the deliver future projects. economic and community values. engineering and public works Following these precepts, the community on why we cannot Professional Manager of Division has achieved water quality change some of the “standards.” the Year Award – Water improvements sufficient to de-list He has made numerous “Skinny Resources one of four stream segments that fell Street” and “Asphalt Rebellion” The Professional Manager of the below federal criteria. The WaterFirst presentations to groups in the designation is another indicator of Year Award in the Water Resources Midwest, demonstrating there are the sustainable focus of Champagne category recognizes outstanding career alternative standards that work well and her Division. service achievements of water resources or better in other parts of the world. professionals. His efforts have resulted in the Charles Walter Nichols Award actual implementation of alternative Alice for Environmental Excellence street designs. From the success of Champagne, The Charles Walter Nichols Award for the Liberty neighborhood project, CPESC, CFM Environmental Excellence was established Eckles developed “Alternative Design Water Resources to recognize outstanding and meritorious Standards” whereby new streets Manager achievement in the environmental fields could be built to a slimmer design. In City of Roswell, in its broadest sense. This may include, Woodbury, the city where he works Georgia but is not limited to, street sanitation; now, the Liberty project was used as a Alice Champagne refuse collection, disposal and recycling; data source for developing new street is a recognized sewers and sewage treatment; and water width and sidewalk design standards. leader in water resources throughout supply and water treatment. metropolitan Atlanta, and has created

24 APWA Reporter August 2013 Harry S. Swearingen Award Distinguished Service to as Traffic Operations Manager. He for Outstanding Chapter Public Works Award became Superintendent of the Streets, Achievement and Excellence Established in 1935 as the Honorary Traffic and Drainage Maintenance Membership Award, this honor is Division in October 2003. According in Chapter Service – Individual to his colleagues, there was not one The Harry S. Swearingen Award was regarded as the highest APWA honor. This award is presented in recognition of aspect of his job at which DeGiacomo established to recognize outstanding did not excel, which included service to APWA as an individual acknowledged service and well-established preeminence in the field of public works, operations, construction, budgeting, member or corporate company member at and personnel. Each month he issued the chapter level. and/or contributions of special merit and benefit to APWA. a series of reports ranging from lost employee time due to injuries and Shahnawaz illness, to the status of equipment Ahmad, P.E., Mike DeGiacomo, being repaired, to outstanding PWLF Deceased work orders, updates on the micro- President Streets, Traffic resurfacing program, and many more. SA Associates and Drainage Arcadia, Maintenance DeGiacomo became a member of California Superintendent APWA and remained a member until Shahnawaz City of his death in 2012. During his time Ahmad has a long Oklahoma City, as a member of APWA, he served history of service to the American Oklahoma as Chapter Vice President in 1994, Public Works Association, to the Mike DeGiacomo President in 1995 and Past President in public works industry, and to the spent over 27 years working for the 1996. He was instrumental in setting other engineering organizations. For City of Oklahoma City in Streets, up branch offices in the Oklahoma APWA, he served as President of the Personnel, Animal Welfare, and City and Tulsa markets to increased Southern California Chapter and is currently the Chapter Delegate. He was elected as Chair of the House of Delegates in 2012. He was instrumental in the chapter’s proposal for Anaheim, Calif., as the site for the 2015 Congress. Although Anaheim was not selected, his efforts during the selection process contributed to Anaheim being selected for the 2012 Congress instead. He played a valuable role in coordinating the various activities that were required to host a successful Congress. See the Calhoun Difference Ahmad was instrumental in the preparation of the Southern California Chapter’s Strategic Plan and implementation of its goals and objectives. He also prepared the chapter’s Best Practices for APWA Chapter Capacity Building in 2007. He was Chair of the Bylaws Committee in 2005 to bring the Chapter Bylaws in compliance with the National Model Bylaws and was Chair of the Bylaws Committee in 2011 to review and update the Bylaws.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 25 attendance and membership. As his in terms of providing attractions Trempealeau River, Mecan River, colleagues wrote, “Mike DeGiacomo and entertainment for the various Wisconsin River, etc.). In 2012, he was the guy who took care of things, community and charitable functions); was elected as the BRCC President the guy with a plan. During ice and South Texas Blood Bank (he has and has worked diligently to get snow season, Mike was the familiar received his 7 Gallon pin for donating new members actively involved in face and voice of reassurance on all over seven gallons of blood); City BRCC’s mission and vision at the same the local news channels. He was the of Poth (Bayer volunteers time and time as he recognizes the significant guy who stood in the rain, sleet and engineering services to the City of contributions of the current officers snow to show that our streets would Poth for various City projects); and and members. soon be passable and safe. Mike was Denhawken Community Lutheran the guy who told us everything would Church (this small church needed Donald C. Stone Award for be okay.” drainage and road improvements, Excellence in Education – and Bayer donated his time and Chapter engineering services to assist them). Community Involvement The Donald C. Stone Award for Award (two recipients) Excellence in Education was established Rick Eilertson The Community Involvement Award in honor of Donald C. Stone, founder Environmental seeks to recognize public works leaders of APWA. The award recognizes Engineer who are also leaders in their community, outstanding and meritorious achievement City of and to inure public trust in public works of individuals assisting in the areas of Fitchburg, professionals through recognition of continuing and graduate professional Wisconsin outstanding community leadership. education for public works professionals, In his personal as well as chapters in their work in and professional Dean Bayer, P.E. delivering educational opportunities endeavors, Rick Project Manager for all levels of persons engaged in the Eilertson has City of San delivery of public works services. Antonio, Texas been committed to being involved in the community. On a personal Dean Bayer has APWA Texas Chapter, Rio Grande level, he has volunteered hundreds of shown a huge Valley Branch commitment to hours of time planning, organizing, community service and participating in environmental in the San Antonio cleanup activities, leading Cub area through Scouts, and educating organizations various activities outside his normal on the benefits of rain gardens and work and family commitments. other stormwater best management During his term as President of the practices. Professionally, as the APWA Texas Chapter’s South Central Environmental Project Engineer for the City of Fitchburg, Eilertson has Branch, the branch was instrumental The Board of the Texas Chapter’s Rio continued to provide outstanding in providing sidewalks for a Grande Valley Branch made one of community outreach through wheelchair-bound citizen. The branch its primary goals for 2012 to expand organizing educational events that assisted with material donations from the training opportunities afforded to are available to all Fitchburg residents suppliers and contractors, and the their members and their guests. The and promoting community service branch members actually performed Board implemented the expanded projects that enhance the natural the construction on their own time. training by doing the following: environment. Bayer has indicated that this was one changing from bimonthly to monthly of the most rewarding activities he has meetings; offering the trainings to Eilertson has donated hundreds been involved in and was proud to be a wider range of locations; sharing of hours of time coordinating and President of such a thoughtful group. training opportunities with the participating in river cleanup events American Society of Civil Engineers along the Baraboo River. Since 2005, Bayer has been very active in the – Rio Grande Valley Branch and the he has been on the Board of Directors United Way (an active donor as Lower Rio Grande Valley Storm Water for the Baraboo River Canoe Club well as a volunteer); the Wilson Task Force; providing Certificates of (BRCC) and has assisted in planning Country Car Club (the club acts as a Attendance to all who participate in special trips for members to various community service organization to their meetings; and establishing a new rivers throughout Wisconsin (Baraboo assist the various community groups Scholarship Program. River, Kickapoo River, Bois Brule River,

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The month of August was by far the founder of APWA. The award recognizes years. He has chaired the planning branch’s business month. Their regular outstanding and meritorious achievement committee for this educational branch meeting was a field trip to of individuals assisting in the areas of outreach effort for a number of years. observe a large solar array installed by continuing and graduate professional The workshop is a relatively unique the City of Weslaco to provide power education for public works professionals, approach because the participants for one of their wastewater treatment as well as chapters in their work in and most of the instructors (including plants. Also that month the branch delivering educational opportunities Dolan) are maintenance equipment hosted a one-day Hazmat Awareness for all levels of persons engaged in the operators. The workshop has class taught by the Texas Department delivery of public works services. consistently received high evaluation of Emergency Management, which marks. was an eight-hour entry-level course Matt Dolan for all first responders and other Public Works Dolan has served as an instructor public employees or officials who Operations in the University of Wisconsin – are likely to witness or discover a Specialist Madison, Engineering Professional hazardous material incident. This was City of West Development continuing education followed up with a two-day Hazmat Des Moines, course “Managing Snow and Ice Operations for First Responders Iowa Control Operations” since 2009. In course. The branch ended the month Matt Dolan has that time he has shared his knowledge with a two-day course in Confined been very active of anti-icing, blending of chemicals Space Safety. in providing for anti-icing and implementation educational opportunities and training of effective winter maintenance Donald C. Stone Award for for many public works professionals in operations procedures with over Excellence in Education – his home state of Iowa and all across 300 public works and facilities North America. He has worked to professionals from 23 states, the Individual successfully offer Snowplow Operators District of Columbia, and Canada. Established in honor of Donald C. Stone, Training in Iowa for the last three

August 2013 APWA Reporter 27 Chapter Membership Exceptional Performance in Duluth alone. This heavy rain was not predicted or expected, and came Achievement Award Award–Adversity The Chapter Membership Achieve- The Exceptional Performance Award after the ground was already saturated ment Award encourages membership recognizes individuals, teams or from other spring rain events the prior growth by honoring the chapters organizations in the areas of adversity, weeks. showing the largest net increase in journalism and safety whose outstanding membership, compared to other contributions in the course of performance Having recently attended Advanced chapters of similar size. Every APWA raise the level of public awareness for the Incident Command training in 2011, chapter in good standing is eligible for profession. City staff was able to use what they consideration. had recently learned by establishing The Exceptional Performance Award– an Emergency Operations Center. Congratulations to the 2013 winners Adversity recognizes exceptional The Center helped in the safe for their success in member retention performance in the face of adversity in evacuation of residents from flooded and recruitment (see chart below): service to the public. areas and no lives were lost during the incident. During the disaster, Each of these winning chapters listed City of Duluth, Minnesota the City’s utility operations dispatch below will be presented with a patch took approximately 4,000 calls and for their chapter banner and a $500 responded to over 1,087 work orders. check which could be used to provide They also quickly repaired two major even more educational and network- lift stations. Having over 700 sites ing opportunities for their local mem- that were damaged from the flood, bers. including a multitude of streets in need of immediate repair, the City was Overall, the Louisiana Chapter had able to complete twenty emergency the highest net membership increase contracts for services or repairs within amongst United States chapters On June 19-20, 2012, Duluth and the a week’s time. (10.61%), and the Saskatchewan surrounding area had a 500-year storm Chapter was the Canadian chapter event with rainfall amounts up to 10” Exceptional Performance with highest net increase in mem- in some areas. The area experienced Award–Journalism bership (32.04%). Congratulations to flash flooding and significant The Exceptional Performance Award– these chapters for their success. flooding of the St. Louis River, with Journalism recognizes exceptional a new historical crest of 16.62 feet performance in presenting the story of a Contact Patty Mahan or Brad Pat- at Scanlon. The flood caused an public works issue or event that projects a terson at 800-848-APWA if you have estimated $37 million in damage positive image of individuals or agencies questions about the Chapter Member- to public infrastructure and $20 in the course of their performance in both ship Achievement Award. million in private structural damage broadcast and print mediums.

Chapter Size Division Net Membership Increase Neighborhood (based upon qty of members Award-Winning Chapter from June 30, 2012 - Traffic Safety as of June 30, 2012) June 30, 2013 Program City of Bellevue, 100 members or less Newfoundland – Labrador 6.56% Washington Bellevue, 101-200 members Saskatchewan 32.04% Washington’s Neighborhood Traffic Safety (NTS) program is a comprehensive 201-300 members Ventura 8.64% approach to proactively and effectively addressing neighborhood 301-500 members Utah 6.74% transportation issues and improving traffic safety through cost-effective 501-850 members Northern California 4.77% and innovative measures. As a key element in support of Bellevue’s More than 850 members Washington 4.73% mission to provide a safe and efficient transportation system that

28 APWA Reporter August 2013 supports livable neighborhoods, celebrate the grand accomplishment. After the City of Tampa received creates a healthy and sustainable An ad-hoc committee had previously word that they would be hosting environment, and partners with been commissioned by the Board the 2012 Republican National the community, the NTS program to determine the most momentous Convention, the Transportation engages stakeholders to become projects that represented the San Division (TD) within the City’s active participants in the traffic safety Diego/Imperial region over the last 50 Public Works and Utility Services process. years. The types of projects included immediately began to organize and transportation, entertainment, assign responsibilities to key personnel NTS outreach consists of working military, water and sewer, electrical to address the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Emergency closely with traffic committees to power, medical, and commercial cooperatively find context-sensitive Support Function #1, Transportation projects. solutions. To better engage the Safety. TD designed and compiled community and to broaden the an extensive transportation safety In preparation for the Annual Dinner communication channels with manual containing all proposed road Dance, each month APWA members residents, the NTS program utilizes a closures, detour routes, expressway were asked to nominate projects suite of tools to distribute educational closures, maintenance of traffic plans, resources, provide project updates, that symbolized and embodied traffic control device modifications, and garner community support. San Diego and its history. The ad- variable message board deployments, Specifically, the NTS program uses hoc committee then evaluated traffic monitoring cameras, emergency Traffic Action Plans (TAPs) which the nominations and selected the contact lists, Delegate bus parking are mailed to residents to respond to top projects. The exhibits were areas and routes, taxi queuing areas, their specific traffic safety concern. placed on five large colorful poster protestor viewing areas, restricted Recommendations from TAPs are boards for presentation at the 2012 areas, and approved parade routes and guided by the Residential Traffic Dinner Dance. Participants mingled schedules. Guidebook, which was created to amongst displays, commenting on inform residents about all the tools the value each project held within Maintenance of traffic operations to available to address traffic safety various communities. The exhibits assist the transportation of Delegates concerns and the parameters in were also displayed for a number of and Dignitaries to their destinations, which those tools are applied. months at the chapter’s monthly from Tampa International Airport, luncheon meetings to give all their hotels and to the Tampa Bay Exceptional Performance members a chance to see the displays. Times Forum was a top priority. Award–Chapter Journalism Additionally, an electronic copy Over 300 Delegate buses were staged The Exceptional Performance Award– was submitted to APWA National to and routed from the Transportation Chapter Journalism recognizes chapters be included in a time capsule that Information Command Center. Careful planning and a highly skilled for their newsletters, magazines and/ represented the San Diego/Imperial and dedicated RNC Transportation or other publications based on quality, Counties Chapter. content, creativity and design. Safety Team provided a successful event for the public. “This was Exceptional Performance the most successful presidential 50 Years of Significant Public Award–Safety Works Projects convention in Republican National The Exceptional Performance Award– APWA San Diego/Imperial Convention history,” said Ken Jones, Safety recognizes exceptional performance Counties Chapter the RNC Host Committee President in the area of safety. and Chief Executive.

Public Works and Utility Management Innovation Services Transportation Division Award The Management Innovation Award City of Tampa, Florida At the 2012 Annual Dinner Dance recognizes an individual, team or Event, the San Diego/Imperial organization for the development and Counties Chapter was celebrating a implementation of a creative idea, device, significant historic milestone: 50 years process or system that enhances the goals of public works in serving the public and of outstanding public works. Over protecting the environment. 200 members representing public agencies and private firms gathered to

August 2013 APWA Reporter 29 of public works in serving the public and that result in a positive impact for their protecting the environment. members, public works profession and community. The following chapters are Ash Handling receiving the 2013 PACE Award: System Greenway Arizona; Central Pennsylvania; Wastewater Chicago Metro; Florida; Georgia; Treatment Plant Illinois; Iowa; Kansas; Kansas Alternate Work Week Schedule City of London, City Metro; Manitoba; Mid- City of Fairway, Kansas Ontario Atlantic; Minnesota; Missouri; The City of Fairway, Kans., has imple- Future growth and Monterey Bay; Nevada; New mented a 9/8/80 Alternate Work Week development in England; New York Metro; North Schedule that has truly been a win- London, Ontario, required that the Carolina; Northern California; win for the employees of the Public Greenway Wastewater Treatment Plant Oklahoma; Oregon; Sacramento; Works Department and the citizens of (WWTP) be expanded. The City of San Diego/Imperial Counties; Fairway. How it works: An employee London identified that using an inno- Silicon Valley; South Carolina; works eight nine-hour days and one vative technology to replace the ash Tennessee; Texas; Ventura eight-hour day in a two-week period lagoons would free up sufficient area County; Washington; Western with one day off every other week for the expansion works. Following a Pennsylvania; Wisconsin that corresponds with the eight-hour successful test pilot, the City proposed day. Employees who are approved for switching from traditional ash lagoons Accreditation a 9/8/80 work week are required to to Geotube® containers housed with- The purpose of the accreditation program adjust their work week to ensure that in a concrete laydown area. The Geo- is to provide a means of formally verifying they do not work over 40 hours in any tube® containers are constructed of a and recognizing public works agencies consecutive seven-day period. In this special woven polypropylene material for compliance with the recommended instance their work weeks are adjust- used for dewatering slurry in many practices set forth in the Public Works ed to start four hours into their work industries such as agriculture, aquacul- Management Practices Manual. It is a shifts on their eight-hour days (this ture, environmental remediation, pulp voluntary, self-motivated approach to puts four hours into each week). and paper, mining and mineral pro- objectively evaluate, verify and recognize cessing, power generation, and sludge compliance with the recommended This program achieved its goals of and septage dewatering in water and management practices. Accreditation increasing efficiency and reducing wastewater treatment. offers a voluntary evaluation rather overtime and comp time accrual. In than government regulated activity, and its first full year of implementation, The new ash handling system is increases professionalism while instilling overtime was reduced by 80% and more aesthetically pleasing, as the pride among agency staff, elected officials comp time was reduced by 97%. ash solids are contained within the and the community. Efficiency rose 9% in mowing (easiest Geotube® containers, and only clean service to measure) by reducing the filtrate water is discharged. The ash Accredited Agencies to be time that it takes to mow the entire handling system is flexible and will be recognized at 2013 Congress: city by 2.5 hours. The program has able to accommodate the additional reduced the department’s summer ash (20%) that is projected to be Belton, MO; Charleston County, overtime, reduced their carbon produced as a result of the planned SC; Fairfield Public Utilities, footprint by 10%, and improved plant treatment expansion. The first Fairfield, OH; Houston, TX; the efficiency and effectiveness of container disposal was completed, and Springfield, MO their day-to-day operations thereby was accomplished much faster than improving the quality of life for those expected. The new disposal process Reaccredited Agencies to be who live and work within the City of offered a significant reduction in time recognized at 2013 Congress: Fairway. in comparison to the lagoon dredging. Aurora, CO; Bettendorf, IA; Technical Innovation Award Presidential Award for Brighton, MI; Coconino County, The Technical Innovation Award Chapter Excellence (PACE) AZ; Contra Costa County, CA; recognizes an individual, team or The PACE Award recognizes chapters for Fairfield, OH; Greeley, CO; Hal- organization for the development and contributions made and dedicated efforts tom City, TX; Lenexa, KS; Olathe, implementation of a creative idea, device, in developing programs and services KS; Palm Bay, FL; Peoria, AZ process or system that enhances the goals

30 APWA Reporter August 2013 apwa international Public Works Congress & Exposition AUGUST 25 –28, 2013 :: MCCORMICK PLACE, LAKESIDE CENTER :: CHICAGO, IL

August 2013 APWA Reporter 31 Four options to attend Congress

PWA is excited to bring will only be a short time left before entry to all educational sessions the 2013 International Congress begins. Needless to say, time including General Sessions, Public Works Congress & is running out; however, there’s still Wednesday Workshops and Exposition to Chicago, time to register! Just go to www.apwa. Stormwater Summit, lunch on Illinois, August 25-28, at Lakeside net/Congress for more information. Sunday and Monday, Get Acquainted Center, McCormick Place. With more Party, Awards Ceremony and much than 125 educational sessions and To ensure you are able to arrange more. nearly 90,000 square feet of exhibit your schedule to be here and have the space, you have the opportunity to options you need, APWA gives you 2. One-Day Congress learn, network and see the largest four options to attend the Congress & Registration – $285 per day display of public works equipment in Exposition: members. Choose the day(s) you North America. can attend and get access to the 1. Full Congress Registration Exposition, entry to all educational By the time this issue of the APWA – $745 members (best value). sessions including General Session, Reporter hits your mailbox, there Includes access to the Exposition, and lunch (Sunday and Monday only).

3. One-Day Expo Only Pass – $35. Access to more than 400 exhibitors with all the latest in public works equipment, services and technology.

4. Pre-Congress Seminar Registration – $300 members. IF SO, THEN CCMI CAN HELP! This year’s Pre-Congress Seminar is “Self-Assessment Using the

Public Works Management Practices

CONTRACTOR COMPLIANCE & MONITORING, INC. Manual—A Tool for Improving is a national third party labor compliance company which Operations and Management.” This workshop has a separate fee and assists public agencies with the requirements of you do not have to be registered for Prevailing Wage and ARRA Compliance. Congress to take advantage of this great opportunity for additional CCMI offers a full service LCP package to School Districts, education. Water Districts, Transit Districts, Cities, Housing Authorities, and various other Public Entities. CCMI will also track Don’t miss this opportunity to the required monthly stimulus recovery (ARRA) reports take advantage of this full library relating to job creation, retention, and workforce tracking. of resources and to experience the excitement of Chicago. Remember the magic URL: www.apwa.net/ CONTACT US FOR MORE INFORMATION Congress. 635 Mariners Island Blvd., Suite 200 | San Mateo, CA 94404 www.ccmi-tpa.com | [email protected] | P: 650-522-4403 | F: 650-522-4402 Deborah Wilder, President Chicago here we come!

32 APWA Reporter August 2013 Don’t miss these at Congress!

• If you’re looking for a place concession stands and the special is proud to partner with the to meet with your colleagues, food service areas on the exhibit American Red Cross in this vital gather with old and new floor. Who says there’s no such effort. Chapter-to-Chapter acquaintances or just relax thing as a free lunch?? Challenge: The Chicago Metro awhile, visit the Chicago Metro Chapter challenges every chapter Host Chapter Hospitality area in • Did you know that every three member to take 15 minutes and Lakeside Lobby of McCormick seconds someone needs blood? donate blood. Can your chapter Place. One single donation can save as donate more units of blood than many as three lives—and there is the Chicago Metro Chapter? • Join us in honoring the best in no substitute for human blood. Help your chapter win the the business! Come see your Please join us for the Proud to challenge! Stop by the Red Cross peers recognized during APWA’s Care Blood Drive on Monday Donation Station in the Lakeside Annual Awards and Recognition and Tuesday, 9:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m., Lobby on Monday and Tuesday. Ceremony on Monday from in Lakeside Lobby of McCormick The winning chapter will be 5:00-6:00 p.m. in the Arie Crown Place, where you can roll up announced in the October Theater of McCormick Place. Be your sleeve and save a life. APWA issue of the APWA Reporter. sure to stay for the reception that follows from 6:00-7:00 p.m.

• Building on the success of the 2012 EXPO EXPERIENCE in Anaheim, the 2013 EXPO EXPERIENCE is located in Booth 840 on the exhibit floor and promises to bring more opportunities for attendees to learn, discover, and have fun. There will be live interviews with session speakers, POWER learning sessions (15 minutes), prize drawings, connecting areas, cyber stations, happy hour, and more at the EXPO EXPERIENCE. Put this on your calendar to visit daily or make the EXPO EXPERIENCE your central hub for the week. • Don’t forget about the free lunch in the exhibit hall if you are a fully-registered attendee. You’ll receive a special coupon with your badge for your free lunch on Sunday and Monday in the exhibit hall. Coupons are good for $13 worth of food at the

August 2013 APWA Reporter 33 One-day passes available for Congress

an’t take off a whole week for where APWA’s Chicago Metro Chapter one day. Congress is great for those APWA’s International Public welcomes you to Chicago! Those regis- attendees who are able to go for four Works Congress & Exposition? tering for Monday only may also take days, but it is also a wonderful experi- Don’t worry. We have the ticket advantage of the annual Awards and ence for non-supervisors who can tour that is just your ticket—our one-day Recognition Ceremony and Reception the exhibit floor for only $35 per day. registration! Geared for those who can- from 5:00-7:00 p.m. It’s a chance to have your entire staff not take the entire time for Congress, take advantage of this once-a-year gath- the one-day pass entitles the registrant The one-day registrations may be pur- ering of the biggest and best in public to all educational sessions on that chased onsite at $285 for APWA mem- works. As APWA Past National Presi- day and, also, entry to the Exposition bers. A special pass to tour the exhibit dent Judy Mueller once said, “What an where the latest in public works equip- hall only is also available for just $35. incredible way to reward your employ- ment and services will be on display. ees by allowing them to be a part of Speaking of the $35 special exhibit hall The Best Show in Public Works!” On Sunday, the excitement and ener- pass, the APWA Congress in Chicago is gy of this year’s Get Acquainted Party the perfect opportunity for supervisors We’re looking forward to seeing will begin at 5:00 p.m. at Soldier Field, to let staff attend the exposition for you in Chicago!

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Turning data into actionable information

John Trujillo, Acting Public Works Director, City of Phoenix, Arizona, and presenter, 2013 APWA Congress; Mike Rodriguez, Project Manager, and Lorizelda Stoeller, Administrative Assistant II, City of Phoenix, Arizona

overnment agencies are con- exceptional customer service to Phoe- used by the Solid Waste Program will tinually challenged with find- nix residents. provide interactive dashboards, pro- ing innovative and effective active intelligence and alerts, business methods of providing the best Many public works organizations as- and financial reporting, real-time pre- possible service at the lowest possible sume that the only way to increase dictive intelligence, and more. cost. Expanding service areas and in- production and reduce costs is to creasingly high customer expectations demand solid waste drivers to “work The Solid Waste Program currently can be difficult to achieve with limit- harder” to pick up garbage and recy- collects information from four areas: ed government resources. Customer cling. However, higher productivity Field Services; Disposal (Transfer Sta- feedback, performance measurement can also be achieved through other tions and Landfill); Special Projects; systems, and contract monitoring and means including better routing, better and Fleet Services. These four areas enforcement are just some of the tools equipment, and understanding the are interrelated, yet currently develop available. needs of the customer. It is the respon- their own distinct methods for track- sibility of the organization’s leadership ing and analyzing data captured in The City of Phoenix solid waste pro- to be informed about what is occur- the field. Prior to embracing Business gram is a data-driven organization ring within all programs. Intelligence, the Public Works De- that provides garbage and recycling partment identified several challenges services to 400,000 residential custom- However, as business operations related to data collection and analysis. ers and disposal service to commer- continue to grow and become more Challenges included: cial customers. The services include complex in the solid waste industry, HHW, bulk collection, use of transfer the City of Phoenix is working to • Difficulty to pull together data stations, education and enforcement, better understand raw data captured from multiple sources and curbside collection for garbage, re- through its daily operations and use it • Data quality and consistency cycling and green organics. Every year, to make sound business decisions. The challenges more than seven million miles are amount of data related to the City’s traveled to collect garbage and recy- solid waste operations is monumen- • Inconsistent reporting results cling and to take trash to the landfill. tal. In an effort to provide solid waste • Not able to track data source This is equal to traveling to the moon customers with the most cost-effective (lineage) and back fourteen times. solid waste collection services, the • Length of time to create reports Public Works Department has invested Phoenix has been innovative in find- in incorporating Business Intelligence • Multiple reporting tools used ing ways to keep operating costs under into its business operations. Business across enterprise control, including managed compe- Intelligence will help decision-makers • Inability to conduct historical or tition. The success of this program turn data into actionable information predictive analysis (What if?) has reduced customer cost without that will ensure cost-effective business compromising service quality and practices and maximize solid waste In order to better understand the maintaining the desired service levels customers’ return on investment. challenges, the BI Project Team started expected by its customers. Every two with a business process assessment years the City of Phoenix asks its resi- What is Business Intelligence? Busi- with the Solid Waste functional man- dents how the city programs are doing ness Intelligence, or BI, represent agers and their staff to understand by utilizing a customer satisfaction the tools and practice of gathering, their pain points in making decisions survey. In 2013, the Public Works Sol- storing, accessing, and analyzing busi- with the unstructured data that was id Waste curbside collection program ness data to help management make available to them. As there are mil- was the second-ranked department be- business decisions based on data and lions of data points across 30 databas- hind the Fire Department for offering statistical analysis. The system being

36 APWA Reporter August 2013 es, identifying the data sources was bilities and identifying decision rights of waste created; REUSE of materials the first step to understand the chal- customized to the City. Phoenix residents have or sharing lenge. The Team next asked the busi- them with others to be reused; RECY- ness to identify what data they needed Business Intelligence will help stream- CLE more trash, by properly sorting to make more informed decisions. line data from multiple sources into it into composting or recycle, rather This information was captured as a single source to ensure consistency than sending it to the landfill;RE- requirements and use cases, and was and accuracy in data reporting. The CONSIDER everything discarded, used later for designing data models, information provided by BI will help and how smarter choices can save the the data warehouse and data marts. management better determine cost ef- community money and resources; and This information was also used in the ficiencies related to but not limited to REIMAGINE the future of Phoenix development and design of reports, mileage per route, fleet cost per mile, when all members of the community dashboards and scorecards. diversion rates, and staff workload ef- do their part to lessen the impact, use ficiencies, among many other efficien- resources wisely, and support a beauti- The City of Phoenix has a fully redun- cies. The City of Phoenix is confident ful, sustainable future. dant Oracle Exadata platform dedicat- in BI’s ability to transform the orga- ed to running the full Oracle Analytics nization’s business practices into in- John Trujillo will give a presentation on suite. It uses the Oracle Business In- dustry-leading and cost-effective pro- this topic at the 2013 APWA Congress in telligence Enterprise Edition (OBIEE) grams that ensure the maximization Chicago, Illinois. His session is entitled application as the user interface to de- of customers’ return on investment “Turning Data into Actionable Informa- velop and run reports, dashboards and and enhance customer services. tion” and takes place on Monday, August scorecard information. The goal is to 26, at 3:00 p.m. He can be reached at make the business user self-sufficient With a recent announcement to (602) 534-6307 or john.trujillo@phoe- to quickly model complex business reduce the amount of trash sent to nix.gov. Mike Rodriguez and Lorizelda scenarios, enable strategic goals to be the city landfill by 40 percent by the Stoeller can be reached, respectively, at communicated across the organiza- year 2020, Business Intelligence will [email protected] and lori- tion, provide insight so employees can play a major role in: REDUCING the [email protected]. understand their impact on achieving amount consumed and the amount success, and allow use for popular mo- bile devices.

The Public Works Department en- gaged a professional services firm to help architect the data models, build the data warehouse and data marts, and design the automated process of extracting data from the transactional databases for placement into the data warehouse. This architecture devel- oped is considered to be the BI foun- dational architecture that can be used by other departments within the City.

To ensure success of the BI program, the City instituted a data governance team to act as oversight for the BI initiative. The Team consisted of a data governance board and a BI com- petency team. The board is made up of department executives (Data Exec- utives), and the BI competency team is comprised of business managers and technical and business staff (Data Owners, Data Stewards and Data Cus- todians). This cross-functional team is A “scorecard” developed through Business Intelligence that is a concept to be starting to develop roles and responsi- used in the future for data management and decision making.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 37 Innovation

Nick Kittle Director, Office of Innovation & Sustainability Colorado Springs, Colorado Presenter, 2013 APWA Congress

hink about any Fortune larger fleet with a lot of old, outdated used to reinvest in mission-critical 100 company you can equipment (sound familiar?) because equipment. Since these funds are not think of. Chances are, that the replacement budget has not been actually saved, but reinvested, we need company invests in R&D. available. However, when they sold to identify that separately. The company invests in innovation equipment, the proceeds go back geared towards creating a better into the general fund “black hole,” Innovation Value (IV) = NPV (Actual product, service or experience for its meaning the division has no incentive Cost Savings) + Efficiency Value (EV) consumer. They invest because it’s to sell equipment. In addition, how necessary for survival. Shouldn’t our can the Budget Department know So, in the example above, the government? Can you think of any that the Streets Division needs that Innovation Value is the NPV of sector that needs innovation more equipment—because the Budget the reduced maintenance plus than government? I’m not talking Department knows very little of the the $590,000 in reinvested funds about NASA-like federal innovation operational needs for the equipment. (the Efficiency Value). Since the programs, but municipal innovation Shift the paradigm. Working with our maintenance requirement will be in departments that can transform Budget and Streets teams we struck virtually nil for the first three years the way service is delivered to the a deal where the Streets team would because of warranties, we can choose public, ensure local resources are used get all the proceeds from the one-time more effectively and create a better sale of equipment to invest in new experience for every citizen. equipment. The Streets Division now had an incentive to do everything As a former Public Works Director they could to trim the fleet and and the co-founder of the Colorado make thoughtful choices about what Springs Office of Innovation & equipment best suited that need. Sustainability, we spent time The Budget Department benefitted talking about the practical side from reduced maintenance and fuel of innovation implementation costs. As a result, the Streets Division and measuring innovation and its identified and eliminated 69 pieces impact—a necessary task in our of equipment yielding $590,000 in conservative community. In the end, one-time money that was reinvested we demonstrated that investing in in six pieces of critical equipment and dedicated innovation efforts can reduced the maintenance costs to the more than pay for itself. With that general fund by $150,000 per year. said, there are very few efforts to train employees on how to innovate. There Which brings me to the most are several ways to support innovation important part: You can measure the by changing policies and training value innovation. Colorado Springs is techniques to employees so they can a conservative community and values Even if you don’t have money, you small and low-cost government. So be part of the innovation process. can still “find a way to get to yes.” we created the concept of innovation Colorado Springs didn’t have money One such example is if you change value. Innovation value is the sum to start a recycling program so they the incentive, you change the of the net present value of Actual partnered with several companies behavior. What is the goal? How can Cost Savings plus Efficiency Value. to reuse fiber barrel bins and had I change the incentives to match “Efficiency Value” comes from any local artists decorate them and put that outcome? Example: In Colorado funds that are reinvested into the them in City facilities to get recycling Springs, our Streets Division had a organization—like the $590,000 above kickstarted—at no cost.

38 APWA Reporter August 2013 three years as the reasonable NPV Beyond changing the incentive to concepts to solve problems in uncon- period. As a result, the Innovation change the behavior and starting ev- ventional ways (these are just a few), Value is: ery conversation with finding a way to but getting stronger at innovating as get to yes, there are other techniques a culture requires targeted efforts and IV = 3 year NPV of $150,000 annually that can be trained into employees management support. The simple fact (~$410,000) + $590,000 = $1,000,000 to encourage innovation, but this is it pays for itself and can transform requires investment in innovation how we deliver service as public works This concept can be used to justify the training—something our cities should professionals at a time when it is need- value of investing in innovation and be looking to more often. In some cas- ed most. But like any skill, it requires training in the organization. es we must change the questions. The training, practice and reinforcement problems we must solve are growing to be successful. So if you haven’t Another important technique is larger and so we must create funda- started working on your culture of approaching every situation with the mental shifts in how we try to solve innovation already, give a few of these goal of finding a way to get to yes. them. Public works infrastructure techniques a try—there’s no time like This may not be the yes we initially funding continues to lag behind the today to get started. And yes, it can be think we need, but if we start with need, so it becomes very difficult to measured. that focus, we will be more successful answer the question “How are we go- in finding good outcomes. As an ing to fund this backlog?” when may- Nick Kittle will give a presentation on this example, municipalities have been be we could get a different outcome if topic at the 2013 APWA Congress in Chi- traditionally reluctant to enter into we shift the question to “What infra- cago, Illinois. His session is entitled “How fuel futures contracts because of fear structure can we afford to remove?” to Innovate in Public Works” and takes of “losing” on the contract versus the Why not ask the employees or the place on Tuesday, August 27, at 3:45 market. That’s the wrong way to look public which infrastructure is the most p.m. Kittle is the former Public Works at it. This is the most volatile fuel annoying, unnecessary or ridiculous? Director for the City of Colorado Springs pricing decade in history. The goal If you can remove even some of the and the founder and Director of the Of- and the incentive should be aligned infrastructure being suggested, you are fice of Innovation & Sustainability, the with eliminating risk, not “beating finding a way to get to yes,and help- first self-funded office of its kind in the the market” to create cost savings. If ing to remove a long-term funding country. He founded Sustainovation LLC the goal is to reduce risk, it becomes a liability for the community. and now consults for cities on strategic lot easier for everyone to be successful planning and how to innovate. To learn and protect the organization—to find There are many ways to encourage more, contact him at [email protected] a way to get to yes. Colorado Springs employees to employ innovative or follow him on twitter @kittlent. has been using fuel locks since 2005 and has “beaten” the market for seven of eight years—but that wasn’t the goal. The goal is to reduce risk and eliminate budget volatility. If eliminating risk isn’t the goal, the Fleet Manager feels pressure to play a game he or she can’t win: beating the market. Hence, he or she may not want to lock fuel pricing when it would be “acceptable,” but will wait for a drop of a “few more pennies”— missing the window entirely. If the goal is to reduce fuel cost risk, the decision to lock becomes easier and managers aren’t left chasing pennies while exposing dollars. It makes it easier to get to yes. In addition, it can be measured and quantified using Innovation Value because of reduced The challenge of laying down pavement on Pikes Peak at 14,000 feet has its time to order and reduced risk—both a own set of unique challenges and required entirely new ways of staging and type of efficiency value. prepping, but in the process of being creative, the City also managed to reuse over 1,000 tires in the road base to the peak.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 39 Fixing streams for free: Prince William environmental mitigation bank

Benjamin Eib Assistant Chief, Watershed Management Branch Prince William County Public Works, Prince William, Virginia Presenter, 2013 APWA Congress

rince William County, a information, the County’s Watershed Environmental Protection Agency county located in northern Management Branch, part of the issued revised regulations governing Virginia, and Angler County Public Works Department, compensatory mitigation for Environmental have entered ramped up its efforts to implement authorized impacts to wetlands, into a public/private partnership various restoration projects in an streams, and other waters of the to create, operate and maintain an effort to systematically address the U.S. under Section 404 of the Clean environmental mitigation bank identified issues. Funding for these Water Act (Final Compensatory providing major ecological and efforts came from the County’s Mitigation Rule) that among other water quality benefits to streams stormwater management fee, as well things gave regulatory priority to and aquatic resources within the as conditioned funding associated mitigation banks. This was not county, as well as the Chesapeake with rezoning cases and special use necessarily a bad thing, but at that Bay Watershed. In addition, this permits. time there were no stream mitigation partnership provides financial banks in the county, which meant benefits to all parties involved, and Initially, the projects were small that any project requiring mitigation perhaps most importantly, is being consisting of only about a hundred within the county, either private or implemented at no cost to the Prince feet of stream restoration at a public, was going to a mitigation William County taxpayer. time. They were also on private bank operating outside of the property, which posed some county, thereby benefiting other Environmental stewardship, logistical constraints due to areas of northern Virginia—not watershed management, stormwater multiple stakeholders. As a result, Prince William County. management, stream restoration, Watershed Management worked and water quality protection are with the County’s Parks and In anticipation of this regulatory all topics of increasing concern Recreation Department to select high shift, the County explored the at all levels of government. Local priority projects on park land for possibility of developing its own governments in particular are implementation. mitigation bank but this presented concerned with meeting state and two obvious road blocks. First, the regional TMDL (Total Maximum At the time that these initial projects County would only be able to use Daily Load) requirements. With that were being implemented, there this option for its own mitigation in mind, Prince William County was also a need to accommodate needs due to restrictions in the state undertook a county-wide stream project-specific stream mitigation law; and second, development of assessment that was completed associated with County-bonded a bank requires significant upfront in 2006. In that major, four-year road projects. Nearly every road financial resources. Fortunately, in effort, 327 miles of stream corridors project involves a stream crossing the summer of 2007, the County were assessed in all ten of the and the associated environmental received an unsolicited proposal County’s major watersheds. This permits require compensation for the from Angler Environmental, a study documented and prioritized impact. Project-specific mitigation privately-held design/build firm a large number of issues such as provided a solution for the County’s located in the county, to create a stream bank erosion, sediment Department of Transportation to public/private partnership with build-up, stream obstructions, dump meet their permitted mitigation the County’s Parks and Recreation sites, threatened water and sewer needs, as well as offered valuable Department. After going through a infrastructure, habitat conditions, funding for stream restoration competitive procurement process, and insufficient stream buffers, just projects. However, in 2008 the the County ultimately selected to name a few. Armed with this U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Angler for this partnership. The

40 APWA Reporter August 2013 result has been the formation of a supplement to the County’s improvements at no cost, true public/private partnership where watershed management program— has access to discounted Angler funds the entire creation, another tool in the County’s mitigation credits for design, permitting, construction, toolbox. The County will continue projects. and operation of a commercial its efforts to implement stream stream mitigation bank. The Park restoration, riparian restoration, o Public Works Department provides the land pond retrofits, infrastructure Department: gets large through a conservation easement protection, and other environmental projects completed at that allows for implementation protection projects, utilizing internal no cost (100,000 +/- l.f.), of the project and provides long- funding. The bottom line is that this receives water quality term protection of the stream and is a model that other localities can benefits, enhanced quality associated riparian buffer. The use, especially in times of budget of life thereby, meeting the County, through its Watershed limitations and increasing costs for environmental goals of the Management Branch, provides environmental restoration. county master plan. expertise, oversight, and long-term Transportation stewardship of the restored streams. Prince William Environmental o Department: receives In return, it receives a discounted Bank: a public/private discounted mitigation purchase price for credits needed partnership with mutual credits for road projects. for County projects, and, some benefits for all parties. would say most importantly, gets Other departments Angler Environmental: o up to 100,000 linear feet of streams • also receive discounted operates a commercial bank, restored and/or preserved at no cost mitigation credits for which sells credits on the open to the County, all while keeping projects (i.e., solid waste, market, provides employment, County monies in the county and buildings and grounds, and is able to service clients of bringing in mitigation monies from schools, etc.). other locations. all types. • Prince William County: Benjamin Eib will give a presentation on Now, this partnership does not this topic at the 2013 APWA Congress provide restoration of all the o Parks Department: in Chicago, Illinois. His session is environmental issues in the county, receives revenue from entitled “Fixing Streams for Free” and but it does provide a valuable credit sales (%), park takes place on Monday, August 26, at 10:00 a.m. His co-presenter is Thomas Dombrowski, Environmental Engineer, Prince William County Public Works. Benjamin Eib can be reached at (703) 792-6689 or [email protected].

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 41 Signs and pavement markings for the MUTCD that meet the needs of the driver

Paul Carlson, Ph.D., P.E., Research Engineer, Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Cathy Satterfield, P.E., Safety Engineer, Office of Safety, Federal Highway Administration, Matteson, Illinois; presenters, 2013 APWA Congress

ighttime driving is statistically The new MUTCD minimum sign measurements from 2002 to 2008. more risky than daytime retroreflectivity levels were based on Only nighttime crashes that occurred driving—the nighttime the nighttime needs of older drivers at non-intersection and non- crash rate is about three to see and read traffic signs. As a interchange segments during the times higher than the daytime crash result, the minimum criteria provide non-winter months (between April rate. While many factors are at play guidance for agencies to ensure that and October) were considered (wet during nighttime conditions, drivers their signs are adequately bright crashes were also excluded). While generally acknowledge that their enough for all drivers at night. In statistically significant findings were nighttime visibility of the roadway addition, Table 2A-3 restricts the identified for both rural two-lane and roadside is significantly reduced use of some retroreflective sheeting highways and freeways, a specific compared to their daytime visibility. materials for signs because even example of the findings for edge Traffic signs and pavement markings when new and unweathered, those lines on rural two-lane highways are made with retroreflective materials materials do not meet the nighttime demonstrates that nighttime and to help increase their visibility during needs of older drivers. single vehicle nighttime crashes can nighttime conditions. Retroreflective be reduced by 9.5 percent when the materials are unique in that they The Federal Highway Administration edge line retroreflectivity is increased shine headlamp light back toward the (FHWA) is now working on by 100 mcd/m2/lx. The findings driver. developing minimum retroreflectivity for centerline pavement marking levels for pavement markings. As retroreflectivity showed that as the The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control the FHWA moves forward on their retroreflectivity decreases to 150 mcd/ Devices (MUTCD) requires most pavement marking efforts, their m2/lx and less, the effects in terms of signs and pavement markings to be supporting research has produced nighttime crashes become statistically retroreflective but until recently, it did new safety-related findings regarding significant. not provide guidance or define how pavement markings. retroreflective signs and pavement Not only does the retroreflectivity markings should appear to meet the In January 2013, research was of the pavement markings appear to needs of the nighttime driver. As a presented at the Transportation be linked to safety, but so does the way to increase nighttime safety, the Research Board’s Annual Meeting width of the pavement markings. MUTCD was revised in January 2008 that included statistical correlations Recent research results from an to include minimum retroreflectivity between pavement marking FHWA-funded study performed by maintenance levels for traffic signs retroreflectivity and safety. Previous TTI show that wider edge lines on to help ensure that nighttime drivers research on this topic had provided rural two-lane highways are a cost- can see and read the signs in time to mixed results and sometimes effective, statistically-sound approach react safely. Agencies had until June counterintuitive findings. Using to reducing run-off-the-road crashes 13, 2014 to identify and use one of data from Michigan, the researchers and fatalities.1 Overall, the findings the sign retroreflectivity management evaluated relationships between demonstrated that wider edge lines methods listed in the MUTCD to crashes and longitudinal pavement on rural two-lane highways can maintain regulatory and warning marking retroreflectivity. The reduce non-winter, non-intersection/ sign retroreflectivity at or above the retroreflectivity data consisted of non-interchange run-off-the-road minimum retroreflectivity levels in pavement markings measurements crashes 15% to 30%. Interestingly, Table 2A-3 of the MUTCD. Agencies representing white edge lines, findings from these analyses do not are expected to add signs other than white lane lines, yellow edge lines, support the use of wider edge line regulatory or warning to their method and yellow centerlines. The data pavement markings for multilane as resources allow. included crashes and retroreflectivity highways.

42 APWA Reporter August 2013 In the past, many states adopted The authors will give a presentation on Satterfield can be reached at (708) 283- wider edge lines (six-inch instead of this topic at the 2013 APWA Congress 3552 or [email protected]. four-inch) for a variety of reasons in Chicago, Illinois. Their session is but adoption has been slow and entitled “Signs and Pavement Markings 1 See: https://tti.tamu. uncoordinated without sound That Meet the Needs of the Driver edu/2012/03/22/new-study- empirical findings to support the and the MUTCD” and takes place on makes-strong-case-for-wider-edge- policy change. The recent study Monday, August 26, at 2:00 p.m. Paul line-markings-on-rural-two-lane- sponsored by the FHWA included Carlson can be reached at (978) 843- highways/ data from three states (Michigan, 3135 or [email protected]; Cathy Kansas and Illinois) and provides information that agencies can use to make sound decisions about the use of wider edge lines. The study included rural two-lane highways as well as multilane highways. Although it is well known that causation is hard to establish based on observational studies, results from the statistical analyses consistently indicate that wider edge line pavement markings on two-lane rural highways lead to lower crash frequencies and reduced severity.

Wider edge lines are an effective countermeasure in their own right and can also be considered in combination with other C countermeasures such as rumble M strips. Ongoing research at TTI is Y starting to identify how wider edge lines and rumble strips mitigate CM different crash types. While rumbleMY strips address crashes where the driver CY is distracted, drowsy, or otherwise inattentive and can be effective evenCMY when obscured by snow or rain, K wider edge lines seem to be most effective where the driver is looking at the roadway/striping, or where the driver’s peripheral vision is picking up the marking.

Traffic safety professionals continue to improve the signs and pavement markings on our nation’s highway to provide a safer and more comfortable driving experience. As research findings continue to better define the relationships between nighttime visibility and roadway safety, agencies can develop specifications and practices to ensure adequate visibility for nighttime drivers.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 43 Pedestrian and bicycle design in suburban/rural communities

Gary Stockhoff, P.E., County Engineer, and Shelley Oylear, Bicycle and Pedestrian Coordinator, Washington County, Oregon; presenters, 2013 APWA Congress

ortland, Ore., has a well- Urban downtown areas find and bicycle traffic is prevalent, mid- established status as a themselves taking on intricate block crossing requests are frequently nationally recognized bicycle- choreographing of buses, bikes, submitted by citizens. Engineers often friendly city that places a pedestrians, transit, and parking. find themselves reluctant to approve high value on livability. Conversely, Suburban and rural areas, such as these crossings for various reasons. To the efforts of the outer-Portland those within Washington County, address engineering concerns, County metropolitan region to also enhance face a different set of complexities staff initiated a professional literature livability and expand their bicycle and that must be overcome in order to and best practices search and review. pedestrian networks, is not as well convince residents that walking A list of acceptable mid-block crossing known. And while it’s hard to imagine and bicycling is a safe mode of treatments applicable to the County’s active transportation ever being as transportation. The County has infrastructure was compiled. The list popular in the suburbs or rural areas started addressing these unique was vetted by engineering, operations, west of Portland, Washington County challenges focusing on design and and maintenance staff, and ultimately is taking on the challenge by tailoring safety. Multiple initiatives and projects a policy and review process was an approach that is suitable to its have transpired due in part to the established. The end result was an setting. commitment Washington County has adopted Mid-block Crossing Policy that towards active transportation. is used to evaluate and outline the What are the County’s goals? conditions under which a crossing Arterial Mid-block Crossing Policy may be approved. The policy has • Encourage bicycling and walking In suburban areas, it is not resulted in the successful approval and as a means to creating vibrant uncommon to find long block lengths construction of more than a dozen and healthy communities, re- between signalized intersections. In mid-block crossings throughout the gardless of age, gender, ability, situations like this, where pedestrian county. ethnicity, or economic back- ground;

• Offer solutions that move be- yond designing for the “spandex crowd” or confident rider, to making bicycling and walking safe and convenient for all ages and abilities;

• Improve connectivity – bicycle and pedestrians facilities are useful only to the extent there is a completed network to destina- tions;

• Promote bicycling as an activity that is not only something fun to do but also a great way to commute – a realistic and viable travel option. Evergreen Parkway, Hillsboro, Oregon – Rock Creek Trail Signalized Mid-block Bike/Ped Crossing

44 APWA Reporter August 2013 Bicycle Facility Design Toolkit Design practices for bicycle facilities have evolved rapidly over the past five years and like many jurisdictions, Washington County’s existing Road Design and Construction Standards does not include the latest innovative bicycle treatments. The County identified the need to provide staff and stakeholders additional tools to address safety concerns and accommodate a wider range of bicyclists. The tools will also serve as guidance on selecting and applying innovative bicycle facility treatments.

In 2012, Washington County completed the Bicycle Facility Design Evergreen Road, Hillsboro, Oregon – Buffered Bike Lanes Toolkit (Toolkit) to supplement the County’s Road Design and selection process and is intended sential destinations like grocery Construction Standards. The to assist planners, designers and stores, schools, senior housing development of the Toolkit included engineers in selecting the appropriate and services, civic centers, major a review of existing design guidance, bicycle facility for various projects. employment areas, colleges, hos- standards for bicycle facilities, and The new innovative bicycle pitals, libraries and parks; existing best practices from other treatments in the Toolkit are already • Safety: crash data, truck routes peer communities. Stakeholder being applied in planning, design, and high-volume locations; focus groups, technical staff, and operations, and maintenance projects citizens helped answer the following around the County. This will ensure • Street Network: areas with a low- questions. that our investments in bicycle er density in road connections facilities are attracting and serving a resulting in fewer route options • Which bikeway treatments best wide range of users. for bicyclists and pedestrians; support users in Washington County? Bicycle and Pedestrian Improve- • Social Equity: service the trans- ment Prioritization Project portation disadvantaged areas • What are potential barriers to While the need for bicycle and with above average poverty, implementation of the various pedestrian connectivity is high, ethnic minorities, along with treatments? resources to identify improvement significant youth and elderly • What criteria should be used to needs are limited. Fortunately, the populations. identify the most appropriate County was awarded a grant from bikeway treatment for various the Department of Energy to launch The list derived from the Bicycle and types of county roads? the Bicycle and Pedestrian Improvement Pedestrian Improvement Prioritization Prioritization Project, which would Project will continue to help guide identify bicycle and pedestrian facility The Toolkit includes a variety of different programs during the project gaps throughout the county. After an bicycle facility treatment types selection process. This will help meet extensive inventory was completed by including buffered bicycle lanes, the long-term goal of creating a fully staff and through public input, a list protected cycle tracks, and colored connected bicycle and pedestrian of improvement needs along collector bicycle lanes. Based on stakeholder system. and arterial roadways was produced. feedback, treatment options that The list was then prioritized based on can be used by the cities within Rural Road Safety Strategies the following factors as identified by Washington County were also Bicycling for transportation or interested parties and staff. included (example: treatments for recreation is an increasing trend on one-way urban streets). The Toolkit • Land Use: population density, rural Washington County roads. serves as a guide to the facility proximity to transit and other es- Unfortunately, this has resulted

August 2013 APWA Reporter 45 • Engineering: Identification of improvements, signing, and maintenance strategies

• Enforcement: Focused road safe- ty patrols/actions

• Education: Rules, rights and responsibilities, route maps, training

• Evaluation: Roadway safety study and bicycle route suitabili- ty evaluation

This project will assist in highlighting rural road safety issues and identifying strategies and/or solutions to reduce conflicts between rural roadway users.

What’s next? Washington County is invested in rising to the challenge of determining how to effectively encourage active transportation throughout the county. Building out a complete and efficient countywide transportation network for all roadway users will take time and significant funding resources. However, the County will work diligently to address this need with the resources currently available, and will continue to identify new tools and resources necessary to accomplish this long-term goal.

To view more information about the projects mentioned in this article, visit www.co.washington.or.us/ bikeandped.

The authors will give a presentation on this topic at the 2013 APWA Congress in Chicago, Illinois. Their session is in increased conflicts between vehicles. The County is undertaking entitled “Pedestrian and Bicycle Design roadway users, including an uptick a Rural Road Safety Strategies project in Suburban/Rural Communities” and in collisions. This is likely due to a to initiate a community dialogue takes place on Monday, August 26, at lack of understanding of regulations among various roadway users. The 4:00 p.m. Gary Stockhoff can be reached and safety considerations for rural comprehensive approach includes at (503) 846-3716 or gary_stockhoff@ road interactions between bicyclists, partnering with the community and co.washington.or.us; Shelley Oylear pedestrians, equestrians, farm other local agencies to address the can be reached at (503) 846-7819 or equipment, freight, and passenger following four E’s: [email protected].

46 APWA Reporter August 2013 CERTIFICATION IS Respect APWA Certification brings you the recognition and respect you deserve.

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Start the certification process today. www.apwa.net/certification More mileage from every mile Roller-compacted concrete may soon revolutionize the way roads are built

Patrick O’Brien News Editor Prairie Material Bridgeview, Illinois

ities and towns across the In 2009, Mann asked Prairie Material Seeing the advantages country are tapping the cost- to supply RCC for a 100-foot-long test RCC’s low-moisture, zero-slump mix is saving potential of roller- segment to be placed in the Village’s placed with the same equipment used compacted concrete (RCC) as a public works maintenance yard. The to place asphalt. A vibrating roller durable foundation for roads, service material held up well under truck follows the paver and compacts the lanes, plazas and more. traffic, so the following year officials material to 98% density. chose a 450-foot-long cul-de-sac as Used on its own or capped with Streamwood’s first public RCC project. In Streamwood, crews must match the asphalt, RCC relieves the headaches nine-inch depth specified for village Workers gradually gained confidence caused by sags, ruts and potholes roadways. They remove all asphalt and with the mix. In 2011, they used RCC common with all-asphalt paving. excavate down to the sub-base, then to rebuild Crestwood Drive, a low- add four inches of stone base and six Columbus, Ohio, has used RCC in traffic, 1200-foot residential roadway. to seven inches of RCC, finishing with its composite pavement program “This year’s project is 1,850 feet long, a two-inch layer of asphalt. The RCC for more than 20 years. In Indiana, and our guys have come to appreciate is placed in a single pass, eliminating county governments have utilized it how easily this material goes down, at least one of the lifts needed for an as a final riding surface for rural roads especially in hot weather,” Mann says. all-asphalt roadway. with speed limits up to 45 miles per hour.

News of these and other RCC successes reached Matt Mann, P.E., Public Works Director for the Village of Streamwood, Illinois, around the time asphalt prices took a sharp turn upward.

“We were already looking for an alternative base material that would cut overall costs,” Mann reports. “We saw other towns trying RCC with good results, and realized we could place this material ourselves if we could find a source for it.”

Tests inspire early confidence Streamwood self-funds about half of all maintenance work that its own crews perform on the roads that serve the Village’s 40,000 residents. Comfortable working with asphalt, Streamwood crews handle the 2013 road restoration with confidence, drawing workers were reluctant to try RCC at on four years of successful projects using RCC. (Credit: Sal Swanton/SVM Digital first, Mann says—so starting small Agency) seemed the best option.

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RCC can support car and truck traffic to build roads and storage depots the forms or steel reinforcement the same day it’s placed, enabling that can handle armored tank traffic. needed with conventional concrete,” Village workers to reopen the road to says Theron Tobolski, Marketing local traffic. “Even though we could “This material delivers strengths Product Specialist at Prairie Material. place asphalt immediately after laying of 6,000 to 9,000 psi, but without “It’s ideal wherever durability, fast down the RCC, we prefer to seal it and complete landscape restoration on the street first, laying the final riding layer down about seven days later,” Mann explains.

Streamwood’s results bear out the value of RCC in reducing first-dollar costs. “We’re saving 10% to 15% on materials,” Mann notes. “Since RCC virtually eliminates serious potholes, long-term maintenance costs will drop, too.”

Tough enough for trucks and tanks Originally developed as an ultra- strong surface for Canadian logging yards in the 1970s, RCC has been used by the Army Corps of Engineers RCC forms the final riding surface for train loading equipment in a 2013 project for the Indiana Rail Road Company. (Credit: Sal Swanton/SVM Digital Agency)

August 2013 APWA Reporter 49 The green side of RCC In 2011, Prairie joined APWA’s Chicago Metro Chapter in hosting Have you contemplated career a seminar and live placement demonstration for more than advancement in public works? 100 members at Toyota Park, an

outdoor sports arena in southwest If so, then visiting the DCS Career Center r for Leade suburban Bridgeview, Illinois. nte rsh Ce ip e Ex n c in the McCormick Place lobby next to the to e Speakers included Wayne Adaska, S l le . n C c d e l P.E., Director of Pavements for the i a n

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e et Cre to more opportunities, and with so car scer Edu e many options available through the DCS “RCC uses lower cement contents than conventional concrete and Center, you’ll soon discover your own recycled materials like fly ash and personal career path in public works. slag,” Adaska noted in a recent interview. “It is placed quickly APWA’s professional development staff, along with technical committee and outlasts competing materials, resulting in less maintenance.” members, institute and university representatives and other volunteers will be in Chicago to discuss the full spectrum of professional Adaska describes RCC as a “cooler, development opportunities that are available through DCS. cleaner placement with no VOCs, and when left unsurfaced, RCC has a high solar reflectance which The Career Center will be open the following dates and times: minimizes urban heat island effect • Sunday, August 25 – 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. and reduces lighting requirements.”

• Monday, August 26 – 7:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. New finishes, new applications As engineers and road builders gain • Tuesday, August 27 – 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. more experience with RCC, new ways to utilize this versatile material • Wednesday, August 28 – 8:00 a.m. - Noon are emerging. “Governmental units around the country are using it for highway shoulders and temporary Stop by the DCS Career Center and roads during construction,” Adaska discover your public works career path! reports.

For a DCS Career Center schedule outlining specific discussions “Even though RCC is usually visit: http://www.apwa.net/congress/2013/attendees/Education. capped with asphalt for a smooth riding surface, it can also be left unsurfaced and diamond-ground if necessary to achieve the required riding smoothness,” he says. construction and cost savings are and more, the Portland Cement “Further improvements and research, equally important.” Association reports. In the Midwest, especially in the use of admixtures, Prairie Material has provided RCC will help us improve the surface Industrial and public works engineers for construction of heavy-duty crane appearance, extend the working time have harnessed these benefits, runways for CSX and intermodal and expand the applications.” using the material to build power yards serving The Indiana Rail Road plants, dams, industrial driveways Company among others.

50 APWA Reporter August 2013 RCC used to create a rail-to-rail runway for heavy equipment at an intermodal center for the Indiana Rail Road Company, 2013. (Credit: Sal Swanton/SVM Digital Agency)

DOT standards will promote Even though Streamwood has adopted Wayne Adaska of PCA will join Matt wider use RCC as a road maintenance standard, Mann of Streamwood, Illinois and Unlike Streamwood, many local Matt Mann looks forward to IDOT’s Theron Tobolski of Prairie Material in governments depend on motor fuel new specs so that 100% of the Village’s a special session on RCC at the 2013 tax (MFT) funds to finance most or roadwork can use the material. “In our APWA Congress in Chicago, Illinois. all of their road reconstruction work. view, it’s absolutely the way to go.” Their session is entitled “Village Uses Adoption of RCC specifications by city Innovative Cost-Savings Approach for and state DOTs will open the door for Patrick O’Brien can be reached at (312) Reconstruction of Residential Streets” broader use RCC, delivering a host 239-8847 or [email protected]. and takes place on Sunday, August of benefits for everyone involved. 25, at 4:00 p.m. “Whether it’s topped with black Wayne Adaska of PCA will join Matt pavement or white pavement, RCC is Matt Mann: What we’ve learned with RCC good for the taxpayer over the long Streamwood team offers tips for successful placement run,” Adaska says. • Work fast. RCC is mois- crack control. Our practice Chicago’s Department of ture-sensitive, so you need to now is to make transverse cuts Transportation worked with Prairie lay it down quickly. every 30 feet. Material to write standards now in place for RCC use within the city. In • Seal immediately if you’re • Perform moisture and Illinois, industry groups are working not capping with asphalt density tests. Both are key to with the state’s Department of right away. We run a prime getting the best results. We pull Transportation to create specifications kettle with sealer over the mate- core samples at 7 days and 28 that will qualify roads built with RCC rial as it goes down. days to assure the right strength for MFT funding. is reached. • Saw cuts are essential for

August 2013 APWA Reporter 51 Planning for the future

Linnea Rader Accountant, Van Buren County Road Commission Lawrence, Michigan Member, APWA Leadership & Management Knowledge Team

ot so long ago, planning in Leading in public works takes a lot Strategic Planning public works was simple. It of hard work and dedication. It also Strategic Planning is just one tool was one- to five-year plans, takes knowledge of planning. A true we utilize to plan for the future there was money to improve leader goes beyond managing the of our organization. Creating a and maintain infrastructure, capital present to predict the future and strategic plan for your organization improvements were happening, create a path for the organization is a wonderful way to not only and life was good! The times have to follow to get to that future. This make a plan for the future, but changed. Money is not flowing is not to say that the path is set also evaluate the current strategies. as it was. Public expectations are in stone and is not flexible; to be It causes you to evaluate your rising by the day. Decisions made successful the path must adapt and current operations and use that to by directors and managers in public change as we move towards our develop goals for your future. It works are questioned by councils. goals. We must set our sights on the also provides managers with tools The day-to-day job of a public future we desire and use all of the to show employees, council people, works leader has changed. Greater opportunities that we are afforded citizens, etc. what is going on and emphasis is now on the planning to direct our organizations towards why. Developing short-term and of projects and the explanation of that future. Do we ever get to there? long-term goals allows an agency how and why those projects need to We may reach our goals, but we the ability to benchmark and show happen. continuously plan for the future. progress. Strategic Planning provides more meaning to our existence. Our planning is now out 10, 15, 20 Planning for the future encompasses years or more. Asset management many areas. I’ll touch on just a There are several tools that an is a tool most public works agencies few of them: Strategic Planning, organization can use to begin utilize. We have the tools to evaluate Organizational Development, and their strategic planning process. every aspect of our existence. We Sustainability. Wikipedia provides us One such tool is called SWOT know the remaining service life, with the following basic definitions: analysis. Evaluating your Strengths, the current cost to maintain or fix Weaknesses, Opportunities and each asset, we have tool boxes full of • Strategic Planning – “an Threats allows you to explore tools to maintain our infrastructure, organization’s process of both internal and external forces and we know how much it will cost defining its strategy, or direction, that influence your organization. us if the plan is delayed. We have and making decisions on Knowledge is power, and knowing an amazing amount of information allocating its resources to pursue this information about your to help put together our plans. In this strategy.” organization puts you in a position the perfect world, planning now to develop goals that make sense for would be easy! Unfortunately in • Organizational your future. the world of public works, the Development – “deliberately world isn’t perfect. Our planning planned effort to increase an Organizational Development prepares us for our uncertain future. organization’s relevance and Planning for the future in this day Managing in this environment takes viability.” and age requires Organizational a keen ability to think quickly, plan Development. Our employees are carefully and adapt to the ever- our most valuable assets. Through changing circumstances • Sustainability – “the capacity effective teamwork and empowered surrounding us. to endure.” staff, a strategic plan will flourish,

52 APWA Reporter August 2013 goals will be reached, and progress will be made! Leaders must help to develop their employees and • Work Mode / Travel Mode • 110 horsepower Tier 3 Cummins turbo diesel encourage their growth in order to Reduces fuel consumption by 50% • Joystick control for attachment functions foster change and/or growth within Saves up to $4,000 per year • Electronically controlled hydrostatic system Reduces CO2 emmissions • Ergonomic and comfortable operation their agencies. An agency without by 17,000 lbs/year the ability to change will become irrelevant. Planning for the future requires an ability to encourage change within the ranks, to keep people relevant, to keep ideas flowing and to maintain a good working environment.

Sustainability Sustainability is a word we hear Cold Planer Asphalt Heater/Generator almost daily in public works. How do we ensure our communities do not negatively impact the world around us? In many ways, sustaining the community falls on the shoulders of public works. Ensuring that a community’s water, sewer, wastewater, refuse, roads, and facilities will not only exist in Rotary Mowers Boom Flail the future but also work with the environment takes careful planning.

Planning for sustainability within a community creates different challenges than we have seen in the past. Sustainability is not often created using the cheapest, easiest fix. It often requires innovative processes that are unfamiliar to Sweepers Leaf Loader many.

The future of public works is determined by the planning done today. Part of effective planning is creating plan a, b and c and being able to adapt and overcome roadblocks. As public servants we are used to such occurrences and look Snow Blowers V Plow forward to the challenge! Flail Mowers, Boom Flail Mowers Infrared Asphalt Heater & Generator Linnea Rader is the Michigan Chapter’s Rotary Finishing Mowers Asphalt and Concrete Cold Planers Specialty Mowers & Turf Equipment Line and Stencil Painting Secretary/Treasurer. She can be reached at (269) 674-8011 or linnearader@ Snow Blowers (Standard or Ribbon) Leaf Loader with Truck Loading Chute Angle Plows, V-Plows Power Angle and Pickup Sweepers vbcrc.org. Front/Rear Salt & Sand Spreaders Spraying Systems

Phone: 519.688.0370 Email: [email protected] Web: www.tracklessvehicles.com International Affairs Committee Annual Report 2013

Mary L. Monahan Associate, BETA Group, Inc. Norwood, Massachusetts Chair, APWA International Affairs Committee

he International Affairs Public Works associations hold a this Congress and learn more about Committee concluded another joint Congress every two years. This e-waste operations. active year in expanding year’s Czech/Slovak Congress was APWA’s relationships held in April in Senec, Slovakia. Tyler Palmer, Division Manager, City throughout the global public works Helena worked with the Congress of Moscow, Idaho, is the chairperson community in order to provide our planners to include in the program of the Latin American Task Force. members the knowledge and networks tours of e-waste facilities and The IAC recognizes the contribution they need to better perform their jobs wastewater treatment operations. from former chairperson Bob Kass in their communities. Helena and Ray C. Funnye, Director in cultivating APWA’s relationships of the Public Services Department in with Latin America through International Affairs Committee Georgetown County, South Carolina, participation and exchanges with Task Forces attended and presented on behalf of ICLEI Mexico. Bob is also recognized Helena Allison continued her role APWA. Ray was awarded a Jennings for his ongoing commitment as chairperson of the IAC’s Czech/ Randolph Fellowship and Global to exploring and promoting Slovak Task Force. The Czech/Slovak Solutions assistance to participate in opportunities to investigate the benefits of establishing public works relationships with Cuba which is moving forward in a People to Explore International People tour scheduled for fall.

Public Works! The Latin American Task Force is continuing to develop APWA’s Travel, Discover, Experience Another Culture exchanges with ICLEI Mexico as Applications are now being accepted for the Jennings Randolph they expand into Central America International Fellowship Program funded through the Eisenhower and the Caribbean. As a result of World Affairs Institute. discussions at Congress in Anaheim, Edgar Villasenor, Executive Director The Jennings Randolph International Fellowships granted for travel to our of ICLEI Mexico, will lead a session Fellowship Program supports partner countries are limited to a at 2013 Congress in Chicago for participation at a public works maximum of $2,500 (USD) to assist firms interested in doing business in conference of one of APWA’s with travel costs and other expenses Mexico. international partners and a public that may be covered by the award. works study tour in that country. The task force is currently working For details and application go to: 2014 Study locations: www.apwa.net/About/International with Latin American connections Mexico and New Zealand or contact Lillie Plowman at and identifying opportunities for 1-800-848-2792, ext. 5253, or APWA to support public works [email protected]. management needs through the dissemination of manuals, standards, and best practices. Tyler Palmer is reviewing opportunities for the costs associated with the development Application deadline: November 15, 2013 midnight CST. and printing of these materials to be offset by sponsorships from vendors

54 APWA Reporter August 2013 and firms interested in the benefits Jennings Randolph Fellowship opportunity to access financial that standardization would provide Noel Thompson is also the assistance to explore and investigate in the Mexican public works market. chair of the Jennings Randolph international approaches and Subcommittee. Funding assistance solutions that relate to the challenges In August 2012, APWA member Gina for Jennings Randolph recipients in their communities. Garcia, Assistant City Engineer from comes from the Eisenhower Institute Duncanville, Texas, received funding at Gettysburg College. APWA limits Funding was limited to $1,000 per assistance from the APWA Global applicants to studies and programs applicant and supported a member’s Solutions program to attend and in Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, request for site visits and tours to participate in ICLEI Mexico’s Tenth Czech Republic, and Slovakia. The pursue a specific learning objective, Anniversary Conference in Cozumel. public works associations in these provide mentoring and advocacy that Gina delivered a presentation countries have established strategic reflected the member’s unique public in Spanish on Duncanville’s partnerships with APWA. works knowledge, and attend and downtown redevelopment project. participate in conferences sponsored IAC chairperson Mary Monahan This year there were fourteen by APWA’s strategic partners. also attended and represented applications for Jennings Randolph APWA due to a conflict in President assistance. The subcommittee In this third year of the program Diane Lindeman’s schedule. Mary has begun discussions on ways more than 30 members have accessed consulted with the Massachusetts to identify additional funding Global Solutions funding since Department of Energy Resources opportunities so that either more its development in 2010. These and delivered a presentation on members can participate or financial members represent APWA and its Massachusetts’ successful Green assistance to individual members can commitment to the international Communities Program. be increased. public works community. Members have used Global Solutions IPWEA/INGENIUM Task Force Global Solutions in Public Works to support their participation in Engineers Without Borders chairperson Noel Thompson, Global Solutions in Public Works projects, execute individual and Consultant, Thompson Resources, continued to mature as more group technical tours, attend the and members will be welcoming members became aware of this two Jennings Randolph Fellows to IPWEA’s International Public Works Conference in Darwin, Australia, August 11-15, 2013. Sujit Ekka, a City Engineer at Durham, North Carolina’s Public Works Department, will review and compare the regulations regarding stormwater treatment and watershed management between the cities of Durham and Darwin. Elia Twigg, Director of Public Works for the City of Palm Bay, Florida, will investigate public works advocacy in Darwin and Sydney as well as programs for expanding public works awareness. Sujit and Elia received funding assistance for these tours from Jennings Randolph, Global Solutions, and APWA. In addition, APWA President Elizabeth Treadway Left to right: Robert Beaudoin, Mark Whitfield and Jay Marcotte tour the will be joining the delegation at the Sobacken Waste Recovery Center in Borås, Sweden. Only 4% of Borås’s IPWEA conference. municipal solid waste is disposed of at the landfill. The rest is recycled, reused, or converted into energy to provide power, heat and biogas.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 55 at how China’s HSR network complements the existing highway/ roadway system, conventional railway Public Works system, and the domestic airlines for passengers’ transportation needs. In STORMWATER SUMMIT their January 2013 Reporter article Preparing for the New 2014 they noted that the California HSR Stormwater Regulations network would provide fast and Monday, August 26, and Tuesday, August 27, 2–5 p.m. each day reliable public transportation in California. The China tour gave them As the US EPA continues negotiations on new stormwater regulations but has access and awareness of opportunities yet to unveil the proposal, some big questions linger for public works agencies. to learn from and build upon China’s APWA’s Stormwater Summit will feature Connie Bosma, Municipal Branch Chief in success. Rachel developed a video of the Water Permits Division of EPA’s Office of Water, to give the latest information the China tour highlights titled “A on the process and outline major points of the draft rule. You don’t want to miss Nation on the Move” which can be this exclusive opportunity to hear the latest on the upcoming rule and EPA’s goals viewed on APWA’s web page at www. in the new national stormwater rule. In this Summit, you will learn… apwa.net. • what the new regulations say and mean to your community • firsthand from practitioners how TMDLs work, can be implemented and At the APWA Leadership Team maintained meeting in July 2012 Global Solutions • broad, national-level talking points to help illustrate the issues and was recognized as a resource and better prepare you to address your concerns to EPA, elected officials and opportunity for APWA Technical stakeholders Committees to work with the IAC • how the costs of compliance could affect development costs to identify relevant international • and much more. learning opportunities. A direct Join your colleagues at the Public Works Stormwater Summit and network with result of this discussion was the other concerned people to learn more. recent Borås, Sweden technical tour. Members of the Solid Waste Management Technical Committee and the IAC worked with representatives to develop a three-day tour and itinerary that focused on Borås’s programs that support the goal of zero dependence on fossil fuels.

apwa international Solid Waste Committee chairperson Jay Marcotte, Public Works Director, Everett, Massachusetts; Solid Waste Public Works Committee member Mark Whitfield, Public Works Director, State College, Congress & Exposition Pennsylvania; and Robert Beaudoin, AUGUST 25 –28, 2013 :: McCORMICK PLACE, LAKESIDE CENTER :: CHICAGO, IL Superintendent of Environmental www.apwa.net/congress Services, Lexington, Massachusetts, recently returned from a technical tour to Borås. These members International Federation of Municipal Susan Pan, Engineering Manager, represent communities with active Engineers’ Helsinki Conference, and Ventura County, California, and investigations and programs that provide additional funding assistance Rachel Pan, Engineering Student Aide, will benefit from learning how the for Jennings Randolph Fellows. accessed Global Solutions assistance City of Borås secures the support Destinations included Canada, for their investigation and tour of of its one hundred thousand China, Sweden, Mexico, Australia, China’s High Speed Rail (HSR) system. residents in separating and disposing New Zealand, Finland, Czech California has plans of constructing wastes to be recycled, reused, or Republic, and Honduras. an HSR from San Francisco to Los converted into energy to produce Angeles. Susan and Rachel looked power, heat, and methane gas for

56 APWA Reporter August 2013 city buses and vehicles. The trip Chicago Metro Chapter hosted identified opportunities to continue the Finns and provided a tour of the exchange of information and Chicago’s water infrastructure as technologies. the group from Helsinki travelled to Congress. The IFME delegation In addition to approval of funding also included a representative assistance from the IAC, the New from Durbin, South Africa. Two England Chapter approved $1,000 for representatives from New Zealand Jay and Robert each and the Central represented INGENIUM and ten Pennsylvania Chapter approved $750 delegates from Australia represented for Mark. IPWEA. ICLEI Mexico also had a representative in attendance. The Unfortunately, APWA will not be in International Reception provided the a position to continue the Global opportunity for these delegates to Solutions in Public Works program in meet members of the IAC, Jennings the upcoming fiscal year. Although Randolph Fellows, Global Solutions not funded for FY14, the Board participants, and others from APWA. believes this program has been of value to members and appreciates The IAC appreciates the support the efforts of many IAC members to provided by APWA staff, especially establish the program and contribute Gail Clark, David Dancy, and Lillie to its success. As APWA begins Plowman. planning for FY15, funding for Global Solutions in Public Works will be APWA International Affairs revisited. Committee 2012-2013 Members: Mary L. Monahan (Chair), Helena Congress Provides Networking K. Allison, Doug J. Drever, Curtis Opportunities Edwards, Vydas J. Juskelis, John APWA’s International Public Lisenko, Ronald L. Norris, William Works Congress & Exposition is (Ted) Rhinehart, Ram N. Tewari, Noel an opportunity for our members C. Thompson, Chris Champion, Ross to meet and network with Vincent, and Rick Stinson (Board international guests and strategic Liaison) partners. International participation was strong in Anaheim at the Mary Monahan can be reached at 2012 Congress. Every two years (781) 255-1982 or marylmonahan@ representatives from the Czech gmail.com. Republic and Slovakia attend APWA’s Congress. In 2012, three ORDER CUSTOM BULK delegates from Slovakia and six delegates from the Czech Republic EDITORIAL REPRINTS joined us in Anaheim. Doug Drever, Project Director, City of Now that you have been Saskatoon, SK, represents APWA featured in the APWA on the board of the International Reporter, why not leverage Federation of Municipal Engineering this opportunity to promote (IFME). IFME delegates at Congress your product or service with included four representatives from custom reprints? Helsinki, Finland. (Also, worth noting, is that APWA hosted the Call our reprint partner IFME Board of Directors during the 2013 North American Snow at (866) 879-9144 for Conference in Charlotte, NC.) The complete details. Abandoned underground utility facilities

Murvyn Morehead, Right-of-Way Coordinator, City of Overland Park, Kansas, and Chair, APWA Utility and Public Right-of-Way Committee; Michael Joyner, Liaison Director, Utilities Protection Center, Vida- lia, Georgia, and member, APWA Utility and Public Right-of-Way Committee

o say there has been an have not found evidence of any local it is no longer profitable to utilize. unprecedented expansion government regularly enforcing rules Additional costs will eventually of the installation of requiring the removal of abandoned be incurred when, because of utility facilities buried facilities. The strongest rules we “overcrowding” of utilities in our underground in the last twenty have been able to find say that the ROW’s, new utility installations will years or so is an understatement. agency may/does require removal, have to not only entertain but adopt This expansion has been brought but then proceeds to list a number a policy of installing their facilities about by a number of factors of circumstances under which the farther away from the target route including technological advances facility may be allowed to remain or simply to find enough physical room in equipment such as directional simply does not enforce the removal to place the facility. This will add drilling rigs, the deregulation of the process. not only to the engineering costs but telecommunications industry, and obviously the construction costs as the creation of new utilities such as Another issue that must be well. those made possible by fiber optics. considered is the cost of removal. The This expansion continues to be sheer volume of utilities already in A by-product of this overcrowding driven by demand for accessibility to the ground in those areas, in which is also evidenced in the world seemingly ever-changing means of the removal would be the most of the utility locator. Not only mass communication. beneficial, tends to make removal are mistakes made by locating very expensive. Thus the facility abandoned instead of live facilities Probably the most un-discussed owner has little or no incentive to on the rise, but the downtime to issue with this process is the issue of remove the facility that has been resolve these issues (either repairing abandoned buried utility facilities— abandoned for the very reason that the damage or confirming that it the proverbial “Elephant in the Room.” Particularly in big cities this issue is creating significant problems. Public rights-of-way have a finite amount of space horizontally as well as vertically from a practical standpoint. In larger, older cities these rights-of-way are rapidly filling up. One result of this is the increased likelihood that new excavation will damage existing facilities. Recently, in a meeting with utility contractors, one of the attendees complained that if utilities were required to remove old facilities when they were abandoned and replaced, it would be better for everyone. Actually it would be particularly better for utility contractors who would not only have an opportunity to make money installing but also removing utility facilities. Unfortunately, to date we New line in above, wasted space below

58 APWA Reporter August 2013 is live not abandoned) is steadily been leased by the owner to a cable increasing, thereby further increasing company. Instead of marking the construction costs. duct bank, an employee of the owner that was not aware of the cable being One option to solve the abandoned present informed the excavator utilities problem already exists: re- verbally to not worry about the duct purposing the line. Abandoned water, bank since it was abandoned. Since sewer, or steel gas lines may serve the excavation was planned to cross well as an outer conduit for wire or the duct bank, the excavator smashed fiber optic cables. Unfortunately, the duct bank out of the way. Of this method has not gained wide course, in the process the cable was acceptance yet, possibly due to damaged. liability issues, cost of purchase/lease, etc. Both of these could and should have been avoided, but they illustrate some In Georgia, our “Dig Law” (OCGA 25- of the issues with how abandoned 9) states that an abandoned facility facilities are viewed in the field. must be maintained in a locatable APWA’s Utility and Public Right- condition. It further states that in the of-Way Committee has begun a “I need to repair the line in the middle “field” an abandoned facility must study of abandoned facilities and without damaging any of the others.” be treated the same as a live facility. is seeking information regarding Practically speaking, however, the local ordinances, case studies, utility reality is often not so simple. Two policies, or photos that would a ROW Work Permit be accompanied recent instances illustrate some of the provide information we might share. with a print/working drawing that issues caused by abandoned facilities. We have already been made aware includes the proposed work and “all that another issue with abandoned existing utilities” in the work area. In the first case the excavator facilities may be that the presence Numerous times I have heard from followed the law and requested a of such might negatively impact the the project designer or contractor utility locate. The appropriate utilities value of the land in which they are “there isn’t enough room on this were notified and proceeded to mark present. print to show all existing utilities.” their lines. Unfortunately one of the This has been my assertion all utilities had abandoned as well as One thing is very clear—the current along—if a line won’t fit on a print, it live facilities in the area and assumed status quo with regard to abandoned is very possible that the actual facility that the locate technician would buried facilities must change sooner cannot be installed as intended for locate both. The technician, being rather than later. Those of us that the same reason; not enough room. unaware of the presence of both live see, on a daily basis, the problems How better to prove our point that and abandoned facilities, marked mentioned in this article know that our rights-of-way are becoming overly the first he found. This happened these problems must be addressed congested and in need of rescue? to be the abandoned facility. When in our lifetime rather than ignoring the excavator arrived on the site, them until some major disaster For our ROW’s to be sustainable it appeared that all utilities were occurs. Maybe the time has come in the future, we have to employ marked and none were in the area in for the agency owning the ROW to a strategy now that deals with which the excavation was planned. start charging a rental or lease fee for abandoned utilities in order to He started work and soon hit the abandoned-in-place utilities. Their keep our finite ROW viable and not unmarked live facility. Fortunately presence may be preventing the congested to the point of “full.” this did not result in any personal owner of the ROW from generating Literally. injury, merely a delay on behalf of additional revenue because of the lack the excavator and a costly repair for of space. Over time that additional If you have anything to offer please the facility owner. fee might make removal a better contact Murv Morehead, UPROW option for the utility abandoning the Committee Chair, at Murvyn. The second incident also included the facility. [email protected], or Mike proper notification by the excavator. Joyner, UPROW Committee member, In this case, however, there was In Overland Park, we have a at [email protected]. an abandoned duct bank that had requirement that any application for

August 2013 APWA Reporter 59 Disruptive geospatial innovations for utility operators

Alicia Farag Program Manager Gas Technology Institute Des Plaines, Illinois

A disruptive innovation is a product or article will focus on how disruptive of the limitations of the RFID marker service that brings existing technology geospatial technologies are being ball workflow has been the mapping to a new set of users through low-cost, applied to mapping and documenting and documentation process. Field simple designs that overcome traditional new utility installations to create data crews typically record the location barriers to implementation. How can that will serve the utility operator for of RFID marker ball installations on utility operators take advantage of decades to come in efforts to prevent paper maps using hand-drawings disruptive geospatial innovations to excavation damage and promote asset and relative landmarks. These paper help solve the industry’s most pressing lifecycle tracking and traceability. maps are then hand-delivered to problems? the back-office for manual entry Excavation Damage into a mapping system. This process Introduction Damage from excavation activities is highly susceptible to human The utility industry will be faced with is one of the most significant threats error including inaccurate location two staggering challenges over the to buried utility lines. Excavation documentation, lost paper work, and next decade—an aging infrastructure damage accounts for 34% of the mapping system backlogs. and a retiring workforce. On top of reportable incidents to natural gas these challenges, environmental and pipelines,1 results in millions of In August 2012, PECO Energy public safety regulations are placing dollars in damages each year, and commenced a pilot project to evaluate new constraints and requirements on is a significant risk to public safety. new technology provided by the utility operators. From quality control Between 20%-40% of excavation Gas Technology Institute (GTI) to to reducing carbon and methane damage is the result of utility automate the process of mapping RFID emissions, regulations from the operators inaccurately marking the tags installed on new pipes to prevent Department of Transportation and location of underground assets during excavation damage in the future. the Environmental Protection Agency one-call operations.2 The goal of the pilot project was to will shape utility operations in a evaluate new geospatial technologies significant way. RFID Marker Ball Mapping. One that could replace manual, paper- technique to mitigate the threat of based mapping processes. All of these challenges—aging excavation damage resulting from infrastructure, retiring workforce, inaccurate locating is Radio Frequency The new mapping technology and evolving regulations—provide an Identification (RFID) marker balls evaluated in the pilot project included opportunity for new technology to that use a frequency‐specific tag the following components dramatically change the way utility that can be located inductively from (see Figure 1): operators manage and protect their above ground at depths of up to five assets. The availability of low-cost feet for passive tags (no battery) and • Geographic Information System tablet computers that can integrate up to 20 feet for active tags (with (GIS)-enabled software that al- with external devices, such as GPS a battery). RFID marker balls allow lows users to create new marker and barcode scanners, provide a utility operators to precisely locate ball features directly in the GIS disruptive innovation that will enable the position of underground assets from the field including asset utility operators to deploy geospatial based on a unique frequency specific attributes such as material and technologies to the entire workforce. to each type of utility to reduce the diameter probability that the incorrect line will This article will present a case for be located. • Tablet computers that provide leveraging new technologies to touch-screen functionality, large improve the way data is managed by Utility operators have been using RFID color screens, and a familiar and utility operators. More specifically, this marker balls for over 20 years. One easy-to-use interface at a price point that is significantly less

60 APWA Reporter August 2013 than traditional field data col- one minute for each feature. Upon lectors completion of creating the feature, the new data was saved directly to the • Cloud computing to provide re- cloud and was available for immediate al-time transfer of data outside of viewing and retrieval by back-office the company’s firewall to comply mapping personnel. The data could with security protocols be stored in the cloud or immediately brought back into the enterprise GIS, • Real-time, sub-foot accurate GPS depending on the desired workflow. that integrates with tablet com- puters to provide high precision The pilot project lasted four months data with no post-processing and and over 40 RFID marker balls were no need for a base station installed and mapped.

Field crews used the technology to The results of the pilot project create new marker ball GIS features highlighted two primary benefits of Figure 1: High-accuracy GPS receiver using high-accuracy GPS. The newly the new mapping technology. First, and Android tablet computer created features contained attribute the collected data was more accurate data such as ID number, user name, and reliable than data collected with The ability to create GIS features in date of collection, and lat/long manual methods involving paper the field on mobile devices provided coordinates. Additional attribute records, hand drawings, and relative a seamless workflow that eliminated information about the pipe was also landmarks. many of the steps involved in tradi- collected including material, diameter, tional data management processes. and depth. Creating the RFID Second, the data collection and man- The use of real-time GPS that does marker ball feature and populating agement process was more efficient not require post-processing allowed attribute information took less than both in the field and in the office. the data collected in the field to be

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 61 immediately available for use and mapping. As demonstrated in the industry standards are paving the integration into the enterprise GIS. PECO Energy pilot project, consumer way for comprehensive asset tracking Real-time data submittal from the field grade tablet computers with GIS- and traceability that allows utility eliminated the need to return to the based software can now be connected operators to create complete records office at the end of the day to drop off to external high accuracy GPS that include essential asset attributes. maps and records. Another compo- receivers to create a data collection nent of the system that contributed to process that is simple and intuitive. In 2011, a new ASTM standard (ASTM efficiency was the ease-of-use that was GTI’s mapping technology is now F2897-11a) was created to provide the verified by field crews that were able being extended beyond simple point natural gas distribution industry with to begin data collection with less than feature mapping to building utility a method to create a unique identifier one hour of training. Perhaps most GIS networks with connectivity in the for pipe and fittings that contains important of all, the new mapping field. information about the manufacturer, technology provided a workflow that lot number, production date, material, encouraged and supported the use of A pilot project in Virginia component type, and size. The ASTM RFID marker balls. demonstrated the value of creating standard provides a method to create geospatial records of new installations a unique 16-digit alpha-numeric code As-Builting with GPS. While with GPS within a GIS environment. that manufacturers can print on pipe RFID marker balls are an excellent The pilot project also provided and fittings during the manufacturing tool for damage prevention, they are some lessons learned including process through barcoding. no substitute for accurately mapped the potentially fragile nature of facilities. Traditional mapping connectivity between devices. Soon utility operators will be receiving techniques for utility lines involve While one of the advantages of the pipe and fittings with barcodes manual measurements from movable system is the ability to mix-and- that will allow a streamlined data landmarks and paper records known collection process that will create match hardware, the pilot project as “as-builts.” Many utility operators complete installation records directly revealed the need to thoroughly test have made investments in GPS in the field, thus eliminating the need the connectivity of devices prior to technology to improve the process for manual entry of maps and records deployment to ensure compatibility of mapping new installations, but in the office. with new software and firmware. GPS has not replaced paper maps and records because of the cost and To exploit the efficiencies provided Tracking and Traceability complexity of using the technology. by barcodes, GTI has developed There is no need to stop at simply Tablet computers are proving to be a extensions for the GIS-based mapping mapping the location of pipes as they disruptive technology for utility asset software to integrate barcode are installed. New technologies and scanning. The extension reads the barcode to determine the type of asset (e.g., main, service, valve, service tee, etc.) and then automatically creates the feature in GIS using positional information from the external GPS receiver. The other information contained in the barcode (e.g., manufacturer, material, etc.) is then automatically populated into the asset’s attribute information.

Once the pipe segment and related fittings are mapped, the information is sent up to a cloud environment where it can be viewed or immediately pulled back into the GIS. The utility operator now has a GIS record of every asset installed in the ground that will allow trending, tracking, and querying of specific components. In the case of Figure 2: Assets with barcodes for tracking and traceability a manufacturer recall, assets from a

62 APWA Reporter August 2013 specific lot number can be identified of the previous generation, they do The disruptive nature of new and quickly replaced. come to us with an almost innate technologies for managing the understanding of maps, handheld nation’s underground infrastructure Four pilot projects to test the new devices, and geospatial concepts— is just beginning to surface. The asset mapping system for tracking and thanks to smart phones, Google Earth, opportunity to deploy advanced traceability are ongoing and will be and location-based services. New geospatial technologies to support completed by the end of the summer. technologies can be used to create damage prevention and asset tracking automated workflows that reduce and traceability is now here. Discussion reliance on subject matter expertise to Large-scale replacement programs allow a smooth transition to the new Alicia Farag can be reached at (847) 544- are going on all across the country workforce. 3492 or [email protected]. due to the awareness that utility infrastructure is aging and needs Furthermore, these technologies can 1 PHMSA Significant Incidents to be upgraded. These replacement assist utility operators in complying Files August 31, 2011 – https:// programs are the ideal opportunity with new regulations. One of the primis.phmsa.dot.gov/ to start collecting rich geospatial data biggest expenses associated with comm/DamagePrevention. sets that will allow utility operators to regulations is the paperwork required htm?nocache=4720 manage their assets throughout their to document compliance. Paperless entire life. data collection techniques not only 2 CGA Dirt Analysis & reduce the labor associated with Recommendations 2009 Vol. VI – The retiring workforce is another collecting, entering, and managing http://www.commongroundalliance. challenge that can be effectively compliance data, but they also com/Template.cfm?Section+DIRT_ managed with new technologies. minimize the opportunity for data rview&CTENTID=6267&TEMPLATE=/ While the new workforce may not entry errors that might not be noticed ContentManagement/ContentDisplay. have the experience and background for years to come. cfm

August 2013 APWA Reporter 63 Trenchless Technology: The good news story

Michael J. Willmets Executive Director North American Society for Trenchless Technology Ottawa, Ontario

ash management and infrastructure priorities. In most methods available to public works and infrastructure management cases, trenchless techniques will utility owners for existing pressurized share the same strategic plan demonstrate significant cost-saving and non-pressurized infrastructure: for today’s public works benefits for municipalities and utilities professionals. As America’s inventory over traditional open trench methods. • Piercing/Impact Moling is a of roads, bridges and underground method of creating a bore using utilities grow, the struggle to Trenchless Training at APWA’s a percussive hammer, generally effectively operate, maintain and Congress of torpedo. The term is usually renew these indispensable assets Since 1991, the North American associated with non-steered de- becomes increasingly challenging. Society for Trenchless Technology vices without rigid attachment Trenchless technology can be a (NASTT) has been the educational to the launch pit, relying upon significant contributor in achieving voice of the trenchless technology the resistance (friction) of the these management goals, as well as industry. This not-for-profit society ground for forward movement. acting as an environmental champion. has been at the forefront of providing During operation the soil is dis- So if you’re looking for a good news its members and nonmembers placed, not removed. story—this could be it! with high-quality, non-commercial education and training courses • Pipe Ramming is a non-steer- Trenchless technology is a progressive through its good practices program. able installation method of driv- civil engineering process for the ing an open-ended steel casing installation, replacement or renewal Instructed by volunteer members, using a percussive hammer. The of underground utilities with no NASTT’s Trenchless Technology soil may be removed from the or minimal excavation and surface Short Courses are modeled for both casing by augers, jetting or by disruption. These innovative methods newcomers to the industry and for compressed air after comple- have been utilized successfully for all anyone interested in a refresher tion. Soil can also be at intervals underground utilities including water course on trenchless technology during the bore. mains, storm and sanitary sewers and methodologies. The Short Courses gas mains, along with electrical and have been regular features at NASTT’s fiber optics conduits. No-Dig Show for more than 16 years. The training is both accurately When employed in urban areas, and objectively presented without substantial benefits are realized commercial content. including dramatically reduced disruption to vehicular and pedestrian A great opportunity for professionals traffic, business activities, residential to learn more about the many benefits areas and environmentally sensitive of trenchless technologies is through areas. Trenchless technologies are the the expert training and education premier crossing options for major that NASTT will present at APWA’s roads, railways, waterways, and International Public Works Congress natural or man-made structures. & Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. A complimentary presentation of Due to recent advancements in “NASTT’s Trenchless Technology Short robotics, trenchless technologies Course – New Installations” will be can now provide pipe condition held on August 29 from 8:30-10:45 diagnostics permitting utility a.m. NASTT will teach the following Typical water main structural liner owners to more accurately identify being installed

64 APWA Reporter August 2013 • Auger Boring is a technique for forming a bore from a drive pit to a reception pit, by means of a rotating cutting head. Spoil is removed back to the drive shaft by helically-wound auger flights rotating in a steel casing. Standard auger bore equipment has limited steering capability.

• Jacked Casing is a system for directly installing pipes be- hind a cutter-head machine by hydraulic jacking from a drive shaft such that the pipes form a continuous string in the ground.

• Pilot Tube is a two- or three- stage method of accurately in- stalling a product pipe by use of a guided pilot tube, followed by upsizing to install the product pipe. Pilot Tube “hybrid” meth- ods will also be discussed.

• Vacuum Microtunneling is a remotely-steered, pit-launched guided boring method using vacuum spoil removal. Product pipes can be installed either by jacking from the launch shaft, or by pulling them in from the reception shaft.

CIPP renewal of a large-diameter sewer main Meet NASTT’s Instructors at Congress construction management of all types research and working as a consultant. This course will be presented by of high-risk trenchless projects for She is particularly interested in two members of NASTT’s Board of over 20 years. minimizing the risks of installation Directors: Kim Staheli, Ph.D., P.E., techniques including microtunneling, President & Principal Engineer, Staheli Kim has a B.S. in Mechanical directional drilling, pipe ramming, Trenchless Consultants, Inc., and Engineering from Rensselaer auger boring and large diameter Don Del Nero, P.E., C.D.T., Practice Polytechnic Institute, an M.S. in tunneling. Kim has focused on risk Leader for Tunnels and Trenchless Civil Engineering from Mississippi reduction through the development Technologies, Stantec. Both instructors State University, and a Ph.D. in of geotechnical baseline reports as are experts in the trenchless Geotechnical Engineering from well as proactive construction risk technology field, particularly in new Georgia Institute of Technology. She management. She has vast experience installation techniques. is a Registered Professional Engineer in trenchless forensics and post in Washington, Oregon, California, construction claims analysis and Kim Staheli is the President and Colorado, Ohio and Florida. provides expert testimony. founder of Staheli Trenchless Consultants in Seattle, Washington, Kim has specialized in trenchless Don Del Nero is the Practice Leader for a trenchless engineering consulting design and construction working for Tunnels and Trenchless Technologies firm specializing in the design and contractors, performing trenchless at Stantec. He has over 24 years

August 2013 APWA Reporter 65 of experience including planning, your construction carbon footprint construction and maintenance studies, design, and construction then NASTT’s trenchless technology community in expanding their management in the areas of tunnel New Installation seminar should be on knowledge of available innovative and trenchless engineering. your APWA Chicago Congress must- infrastructure solutions. This training attend list. We look forward to seeing features both rehabilitation techniques Don obtained his M.S. in Geotechnical you on August 29 in Chicago! and new installation methods taught Engineering from Syracuse University by top experts in these fields all and his B.S. in Civil Engineering Can’t Make it to Congress? NASTT from the convenience of your office from Clarkson University. His project Offers Online Trenchless Training or home. Information on the 2013 experience covers over 50 projects Too! NASTT webinar schedule as well as the with over 40 miles of tunnel and In addition to the in-person training archived sessions is available at www. trenchless installations that are worth we are offering at Congress, NASTT nastt.org. over $1.3 billion in construction also offers high-value complementary value. He has been involved in a trenchless webinars. These webinars Michael Willmets can be reached at (703) variety of trenchless technologies were created to assist the underground 351-5252 or [email protected]. for sanitary sewer, storm sewer, raw water, finished water, recycled water, SSO and CSO wastewater tunnels, highway tunnels, pedestrian tunnels, caverns, raw water intake tunnels and large diameter piping in sensitive areas. His tunneling experience is in a wide array of geotechnical conditions across the U.S., Canada and abroad. He is heavily involved in client and project risk mitigation, has engaged in several differing site condition claims and has developed expertise in mining in cobbles and boulders. His project experience has included tunneling from 8-inch pilot-tube micro tunneling to 36-inch directional drills to 30-foot-diameter hard rock tunnel boring machines.

Don is a member of and/or involved in the Dispute Review Board Foundation, Underground Construction Association of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration, Tunneling Association of Canada and the British Tunneling Society. He has been very active on NASTT’s No-Dig Show Program Committee for several years and has written several articles for Trenchless Technology magazine.

Mark Your Calendar for Congress If the good news story you’re looking for includes reductions in traffic impacts, roadway reinstatement, disruption to residents and your local business community, installation Typical slip lining job using fusible PVC costs, the natural environment and

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 67 Achieving an audit-worthy Job Order Contracting program

Scott Creekmore Project Manager The Gordian Group Mauldin, South Carolina

ob Order Contracting (JOC) was and other than normal working increase efficiency and improve the invented in the 1980s as a means hours. The contract is generally overall responsiveness of the services to ease the administrative burden awarded to the contractor bidding delivered. of the traditional design-bid- the lowest adjustments factors. build process for small- to medium- During the course of the contract, Audit-Worthy Programs sized routine, straightforward repair the contractor will perform a series of Over the years, audits that have and renovation construction projects projects. For each task performed, the reviewed JOC programs at various and to return contractual control to contractor is paid the unit price for agencies have found JOC to save the owner. This indefinite delivery, that task multiplied by the quantity in excess of 80% procurement time indefinite quantity construction multiplied by the competitively bid compared to traditional methods. procurement method has become adjustment factor. Today, JOC is used Audits of properly-managed JOC increasingly popular over the years by states, cities, counties, schools programs have found cost savings and has developed into a widely- and universities, housing authorities of between 8-15%, as well as a recognized solution for facility and more, that seek a solution to higher quality of construction work. managers to complete a large demanding requirements, tight time Conversely, audits of JOC programs number of projects with a single, frames, and stringent, complicated that lack proper management have competitive contract. As awareness competitive bidding requirements. resulted in negative outcomes. and application of JOC grows, so Creating an audit-worthy JOC too has misuse of the process. While JOC enables facility and program requires a focus on accuracy a properly managed JOC program infrastructure owners to complete of the Price Proposals. To deliver slashes procurement time, lowers a large number of projects with a the competitively-bid price for each costs and produces higher quality single, competitively-bid contract. project, the Price Proposal submitted construction, audits have shown that The JOC process is also well-suited for by the contractor must contain JOC programs that are not properly replacement-in-kind projects, such the correct tasks, include accurate managed have failed to deliver these as replacing windows, roofs, doors, quantities, and use the appropriate positive results. With careful review hardware, and upgrading electrical adjustment factor for when the work and a focus on accuracy, a JOC fixtures and HVAC equipment. is performed. Review of the Price program can be made audit-worthy Proposal is essential to creating an by recognizing three common red JOC eliminates the time, expense audit-worthy, accurate JOC program. flags. and administrative burden of In reviewing the Price Proposal, completing the normal design-bid- owners must focus on whether: (1) JOC Definition and Benefits build cycle for each project, thus the selected tasks are required to JOC was originally intended to delivering quality construction faster complete the Detailed Scope of Work; simplify the process of completing and more cost effectively. Because (2) the quantities are accurate; (3) routine, straightforward repair and future job orders are tied to the and the contractor used the correct renovation projects at U.S. Army contractor’s current performance, adjustment factor, instead of focusing facilities in Europe. Contractors bid the contractor has an ongoing on the price. an adjustment factor to be applied to financial incentive to provide a unit price book containing a series responsive service and quality work. Red Flag #1: Inaccurate Quantities of preset unit prices for a wide variety Over time, the contractor gains in Price Proposal of construction tasks. For most experience and familiarity with the The quantities used in the Price contracts, contractors bid adjustment agency’s construction procedures and Proposal must match the Detailed factors for normal working hours operational requirements and can Scope of Work. Additional quantities

68 APWA Reporter August 2013 can be the result of mistakes, neglect, JOC process can foster an audit- and counties to K-12 districts and poor communication or disingenuous worthy JOC program. Without higher education. A Project Manager practices. An auditor will question such management, agency owners for The Gordian Group, the world a quantity that does not match the run the risk of paying more than leader in Job Order Contracting, Scott work to be completed. the competitively bid price for currently services Job Order Contracting work, which can negate the cost programs in the southwest, including Red Flag #2: Incorrect Tasks Used savings to be gained by using JOC. Harris County, Tex., Harris County Agency owners must scrutinize the By being alert and attentive to the Hospital District, University of North Price Proposal to determine that three red flags, agency owners can Texas, the University of Texas Health the construction tasks listed are prevent inaccurate Price Proposals Science Center at San Antonio, USPS, appropriate to accomplish the work and achieve an audit-worthy JOC and the City of New Orleans. In identified. All tasks selected must be program. addition to that, Scott is responsible justified for the Detailed Scope of for the implementation and continued Work, and any extraneous tasks must With over a decade of experience in support of ezIQC, the BuyBoard be removed and incorrect tasks must Job Order Contracting, Scott Creekmore of Texas’ cooperative Job Order be replaced with the correct tasks brings a wealth of expertise, stemming Contracting program. He can be reached before the Price Proposal is approved. from both the contractor’s side and the at (800) 874-2291 or s.creekmore@ owner’s side. Scott has worked with thegordiangroup.com. Red Flag #3: Prices Differ from Unit agencies across the U.S., from cities Price Book The type of unit price book selected for the JOC contract can make a significant difference when it comes to accuracy. Estimating guides tend to include generic tasks, are not locally priced, do not specify particular products and materials, and do not include demolition prices for most tasks. Estimating guides require the application of city cost indices to adjust the national prices to the project location, which creates an opportunity for inaccuracy. Customized unit price books are locally priced, include only owner- approved products and materials, and contain demolition prices for all tasks.

Regardless of the unit price book used, the preset unit prices include labor, material and equipment. The contractor’s adjustment factor should include profit and overhead and should generally be greater than 1. The prices included in the Price Roadway damage due to the convergence of tectonic plates threatened to Proposal must match those in the trigger landslides in Santa Clara County, California. Using the JOC process, agreed-upon unit price book. this roadway was stabilized through internal reinforcement. For its success, this project was awarded the 2011 Pacific North Regional Award of Excellence in Job Order Contracting. These awards recognize the facility owners and Conclusion professionals who perform the essential, yet unglamorous function of The diligent review of Price Proposals maintaining the safe and efficient use of public buildings and infrastructure and close management of the through Job Order Contracting.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 69 Knowledge is Power: How technology and municipal coordination are changing workflow processes

T. Mark Andraka Senior Engineer, PECO, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chair, APWA Gas Industry Right-of-Way (GIROW) Subcommittee Executive Committee member, APWA Southeastern Pennsylvania Chapter

unicipal coordination is Multiple challenges an even greater emphasis on proper not a new process by any There are numerous driving factors coordination. means; however, it has that are elevating the need for proper taken some time to refine municipal coordination. Over the last At the same time, there are numerous the guiding principles behind a few years, PECO has implemented challenges associated with municipal successful program. In its purest form, its Gas Long Term Infrastructure coordination that utilities face on municipal coordination seeks to align Improvement Plan, which has a regular basis. Each December, the timing of utility infrastructure more than doubled the company’s PECO solicits road repavement plans projects with the road reconstruction annual replacement commitments. for the upcoming year from the plans of various municipalities. The In addition, many townships have Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and program is a mutually beneficial enacted moratoriums that restrict the 225 townships and boroughs in concept that benefits a variety of excavation of roadways for multiple which the company provides gas stakeholders, including customers, years after a road improvement service. Oftentimes this information taxpayers, municipalities and the project has been completed. If a is not readily available as budgets utilities. When municipalities and utility company determines that a and plans may not yet be finalized, utility companies share information prohibiting pre-construction regarding planned infrastructure project cannot wait until the end of planning and preparation. projects, it can result in multiple the moratorium, a degradation fee is workflow efficiencies that can levied on the company for this work, decrease costs and increase customer which increases the repavement Building relationships and sharing satisfaction. and restoration costs of the project. information In addition, PECO is working to To successfully mitigate these PECO is working to take its limit the impact of infrastructure challenges, PECO has worked coordination program to the next projects on communities, placing to foster an environment that level by leveraging best practices and new technologies. Based in Philadelphia, PECO is an electric and natural gas utility subsidiary of Exelon, which serves 1.6 million electric customers and about 500,000 natural gas customers. Infrastructure replacement projects continue to increase, making it critically important for utilities to efficiently manage workflow processes. To that end, coordination of all work in the right- of-way (ROW) can help to ensure that municipal and utility infrastructure projects are aligned on the same timeline. This synchronization helps to create efficiencies in operations and maintenance (O&M) activities, increase the cost-effectiveness of projects, and minimize the impact on PECO contract crew renewing gas main in combination with PennDOT Roadway community roadways. Project in Norristown, Pennsylvania

70 APWA Reporter August 2013 promotes the proactive exchange notifications. The automation The intention is to utilize ENVISTA of information between utilities of ENVISTA improves workflow in conjunction with additional and municipalities. This is a drastic functionalities and eliminates tools, such as the leak-tracking tool course change from the business outdated, labor-intensive systems. OptiMain, to build a mapping system practices from years ago and shows that represents prioritized projects strong progress of the initiative. “ENVISTA will allow us to retire for the utility and the townships. Utilities and municipalities have some of the homegrown planning The hope is that all regional utilities historically held their infrastructure programs that we have been using will adopt a unified system and plans close to the vest, but this for a few years now,” said Ed Haugh, technologies in order to strengthen attitude has changed over time as Senior Engineering Tech Specialist, coordination efforts to the point where roads can be left untouched for greater efficiencies have been realized PECO Gas Operations. “We’ll now periods of 10-15 years at a time. through the sharing of information. be able to leverage all of the best PECO is working to build strong practices that other utilities have Municipal coordination has evolved relationships with municipalities, implemented with this program and over the years and is in a much better along with other utilities, in order we hope that our feedback will help position than it was over a decade to take full advantage of all available to make this an even more productive ago. Increased communication and opportunities to synchronize work. tool for the industry as a whole.” stronger relationships will serve as This alignment can eliminate the key to building a better system duplicate projects, which can result This new technology will help to that provides even more benefits in shorter and more infrequent road consolidate information with the to all stakeholders involved. As work, which minimizes the impact intent of providing a more robust more utilities continue to adopt on all parties involved. view of planned work throughout new technologies and continue to neighboring municipalities. The work with the municipalities that Leveraging technology to goal is to avoid conflicts through they serve, the benefits will grow strengthen coordination pre-design, which will result in the exponentially for years to come. PECO is preparing to implement reduction of relocation costs, prevent innovative technology to further last-minute relocations, strengthen T. Mark Andraka can be reached at advance the company’s coordination relationships and increase customer (215) 841-6485 or mark.andraka@ program. In August 2013, PECO will satisfaction. peco-energy.com. embark on a one-year pilot program of ENVISTA, a web-based tool that consolidates all municipal and utility work information into a coordinated map-view. The technology will allow municipalities to provide their data to the utility company in any format and, once the data is entered into the program, ENVISTA will convert it into a project map. This map provides the ability to overlay specific information that illustrates a variety of items, including township repave projects, moratoriums, events, and other utility projects.

The program also provides automated e-mail alerts that prevent project managers from scheduling work where there may be a potential conflict. PECO’s current system requires project managers to identify conflicts and personally PECO’s mapping tool showing cast iron main replacement overlaid with distribute individual conflict e-mail roadway project

August 2013 APWA Reporter 71 Trees in the pipeline right-of-way

Vic Bianes, P.E., Engineering Manager, San Diego County Water Authority, San Diego, California, and member, APWA Utilities and Public Right-of-Way Committee; and Tad Brierton, SR/WA, Right-of-Way Supervisor, San Diego County Water Authority, San Diego, California; presenters, 2013 APWA Congress

Introduction water pipelines up to nine feet in easement language prohibited One of the “growing” challenges for diameter (2.7 meters). The pipelines many encroachments, a lack of public utility rights-of-way in the are often deep, buried with six to enforcement strategy prior to that United States is trees. Policies applied eight feet (1.8-2.4 meters) of cover. time resulted in many prohibited to trees in Europe have a longer The construction materials vary uses. As unauthorized improvements history. Recently, the need for a tree from welded steel pipe to prestressed multiplied in number and management policy at the San Diego concrete pipe with rubber gasket significance, underground pipelines County Water Authority (SDCWA) joints. Pipeline failures can release were potentially endangered. prompted a connection with some tremendous volumes of water with Encroachment management initially international experts who research the potential to cause extensive focused on significant intrusions tree roots and their impacts on damage. In order to be proactive, the such as houses, walls and pools; little infrastructure. William Busch, Retired SDCWA has an aggressive pipeline attention was paid to trees. Trees are and Past Director of Right-of-Way for inspection program that includes generally a prohibited use in most SDCWA, visited IKT in Gelsenkirchen, internal inspections, weekly right-of- of the SDCWA easement documents. Germany, in October 2010 to discuss way patrols, and acoustical fiber optic However, some older easements trees in rights-of-way. The information monitoring (internal sensors that reserve to the owner, usually those received from the work in Germany “listen” for pipeline deterioration). with avocado (Persia) or citrus groves, formed the basis for further field Managing encroachments is also an the right to retain and plant trees. evaluation as to the impact trees important component of pipeline SDCWA easement documents date have on buried water transmission protection. back to the late 1940s when the first pipelines. transmission pipelines were installed. In the late 1980s SDCWA began Now, almost 70 years later, these Background to give increased attention areas are increasingly urbanized and The SDCWA owns and operates large to encroachments. Although there are thousands of volunteer and planted mature trees in the rights-of- way. Many of the trees are Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus), Pine (Pinus), and Oak (Quercus) which have the potential to cause damage to pipelines and penetrate pipeline coating materials and rubber gasket joints.

The best scenario from a management standpoint would be to have “tree- free” rights-of-way. However, history has shown that the subject of trees can elicit both emotional reactions and environmental concerns. Rather than adhere to a broad, unpopular policy of prohibiting trees, it may be possible to employ right-of- way management policies and construction methods that guide tree Trees aligning the right-of-way roots away from pipelines.

72 APWA Reporter August 2013 and the development of empirical data are needed. Europe has a longer history and has invested in research regarding invasive tree roots.

Empirical data was sought by the SDCWA to help establish guidelines for a defensible tree management policy. Of particular interest was information that might quantify the pressure roots can exert, data regarding species of trees that might be most invasive, and underground pipeline construction techniques that might help alleviate or minimize the adverse effects of invasive tree roots. Collaborating with IKT, an institute in Germany that specializes in research and testing of tree effects on underground utilities, has proven to be a valuable resource. Roots surrounding large transmission water pipeline IKT Research, Gelsenkirchen, The Tree Dilemma Risk Factors Germany Some trees are so large and perilously To establish reasonable parameters In Europe, when the operators of close to houses or other improvements for removing or retaining trees it underground infrastructure systems that it could take more than a day is necessary to define what trees met with people from municipal parks for removal. Such a delay in repair and circumstances would cause the and garden departments, there was efforts could exacerbate flooding and greatest risk. Some trees are known a lively discussion on the conflicts prolong the interruption of regional to be a problem because they hinder between tree roots and buried utilities. supply if it was necessary to excavate access to the pipelines in the event Over time there has been an open a broken pipeline. Certain types of of an urgent repair. Large trees that exchange of knowledge and an trees with extensive roots would slow overhang utility lines or structures interdisciplinary approach to their the excavation process, thus delaying can take many hours to remove. This dilemma. An impartial and pragmatic urgent repairs. There is also concern would cause precious time delay approach has led to foundational that roots could penetrate cracks in in an urgent repair situation where research regarding the effects of trees mortar coatings and work their way property and safety are at risk. on buried conduits and underground into pipeline joints, especially where power lines in urban locations. there are rubber gaskets. Pipeline condition is also a factor when formulating a policy. The Over the past few decades the The SDCWA rights-of-way range from prudent manager needs to focus vital processes of trees have been 20 to 150 feet wide and extend for on the areas of greatest risk. extensively researched. The volume nearly 200 miles. Some easements are Pipeline inspection data are useful of space occupied by the root system now in backyards or managed open in identifying areas where tree must have a balanced relation to the spaces. Completely clearing these encroachments might be of greatest volume of the crown. Excessively trees from such an extensive and concern based on pipeline condition. small root space generally results in sensitive area would create a firestorm inhibited growth of the above-ground of protest. There is also increasing Trees could cause a problem because parts of the tree. As diverse as the demand for more trees to mitigate of invasive roots. However, there demands made by the various species carbon emissions and greenhouse is very little research on the effects of tree on their habitat may be, their gases. It is anticipated that there will of tree roots on large diameter roots invariably prefer sites that be increased pressure over time to pipelines in the United States. This provide a good supply of oxygen and accommodate trees in public rights- is an area where additional research moisture. of-way.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 73 and cities. Both activities can therefore be regarded as significant SchwarzE® iNduStriES aNNouNcES Now you havE a and worthwhile. System operators’ lack of knowledge concerning the growth behavior of roots and their beTTer choice! interaction with supply and disposal lines and their trenches repeatedly results in conflicts with parks and gardens departments. In addition to damage caused by roots to piping systems, damage is also caused to roots by engineering work in the conduit and/or cable trenches. In many cases, trees are also planted in the immediate vicinity of supply and disposal lines, due to unawareness of the presence of the latter. TM

The results obtained in “Root- The cutting edge enhanchements on the intrusion in sewers and drains” illustrate that the trenches of supply Schwarze® M6 Avalanche™ and disposal pipelines, etc., are an attractive environment for roots. 2013 APWA Exposition Booth#1210 Differences in compaction, adequate Or call for a demonstration. porosity and adequate ventilation may be mentioned as the reasons. 1.800.879.7933 In addition, soil moisture was not QuAliTy - PerforMAnce - Public SAfeTy - VAlue - cuSToMer SuPPorT a deficiency factor in the cases examined. From the system operator’s The well-publicized development of which water—or rather wastewater— viewpoint, root growth in pipe plant substrates started in the late was escaping, attracting roots to the trenches is an undesirable side-effect 1980s—the use of which has become leaks. Furthermore, the occurrence which may result from the selection virtually standard in many cities in of root penetration is frequently of a particular bedding material. Europe and the U.S.—and also the attributed, in engineering terms, to an application of new horticultural excessively low pressure used to force The barrier effect of highly and civil-engineering practices, are sealants into the pipe joint. Biological compacted substrates on growing examples of the implementation of aspects are not taken into account in roots led to the working hypothesis these new perceptions. the investigation of the causes, with that tree roots could be kept away the result that only highly idealized from buried lines and conduits via Knowledge concerning the mechanical methods are used for the use of a corresponding material. relationships between root growth analysis of the “root resistance” of Initial planting tests performed in and interactions with underground pipe joints. These methods generally 2003, using the clay-based material infrastructural elements is spreading ignore the special failure mechanisms bentonite, had already indicated only gradually among the responsible resulting from the interaction of the that root growth in well-ventilated system operators, however. The pipe and the roots. substrates can be restricted. Low- IKT Institute for Underground porosity filling materials used in pipe Infrastructure started its research Root/Soil Interactions and conduit trenches are in principle into the subject of root penetration The installation and operation of considered suitable for “shielding” in 1998. At that time, the prevalent buried supply and disposal systems, these elements from roots. opinion was that roots penetrate into and the planting and nurturing wastewater conduits solely in search of green urban areas, are the basic Study Commissioning of water. The causal factor was thus factors which make healthy and The SDCWA commissioned a study clear: leaking wastewater lines, from enjoyable living possible in towns to conduct a field evaluation to

74 APWA Reporter August 2013 this information with a knowledge of pipe construction materials and pipeline condition can help managers establish focused criteria for tree removal or denial as opposed to a broad policy that prohibits trees.

The IKT research shows that it may be possible and prudent to employ construction methods that guide tree roots away from pipelines. This is a field where the biologist, engineer, and right-of-way manager can partner up to generate required data necessary for a well-founded tree encroachment policy.

Note: Special thanks for their prior SDCWA work in this area: William L. Busch, Retired Right-of-Way Director, Exposed Eucalyptus tree roots adjacent to pipeline. The centerline of the 48- San Diego County Water Authority; inch diameter pipeline is indicated by the blue markings. Michael T. Stift, P.E., Retired Engineering Director, San Diego County Water excavate and document tree root p.m. We plan to discuss the results Authority; Christoph Bennerscheidt effects on our pipelines from Sumac of our field investigations where we Dipl.-Ing., Germany; Bert Bosseler, PD bush, Eucalyptus, Pepper, and Citrus evaluated and inspected the root Dr.-Ing., Germany; Dr. Thomas Stützel, trees found in the right-of-way. The impacts on buried water transmission Prof., Germany findings will assist us in developing pipelines. In addition, Rouen Liu will additional policies or procedures for also discuss the impacts trees have on Vic Bianes is an Engineering Manager the tree management and to better above-ground utilities. for the San Diego County Water understand potential design and Authority in California. He previously construction methods that could be Conclusions served on the Storm Water Management utilized to mitigate impacts. With the increasing social pressure Council and is currently a member of to accommodate trees in rights-of- APWA’s Utilities and Public Right-of- Due to limited funding, it was critical way, public agencies will experience Way Committee. He has over 30 years to develop a plan to maximize increased risk to their underground of CIP experience and has worked on our efforts in yielding the greatest infrastructure until well-founded tree regional pipelines, water treatment results. An internal team was management policies are developed. plants, pump stations, hydro generation formed to develop the project scope, The wise agencies will continue to facilities, and storage dams. He can be determine the cost for tree removal, develop policies that account for new reached at [email protected]. root excavation, and to prepare a construction methods, recognize the detailed schedule, which included root growth attributes of varying tree Tad Brierton is Right-of-Way Supervisor staff from Right-of-Way Management, species, and encourage acceptable for the San Diego County Water Operations and Maintenance, and landscape methods that do not Authority in California. He holds a Engineering. adversely affect or cause failure to senior designation in the International their underground utilities. The basis Right-of-Way Association. He has Presentation of Results at 2013 for such policies needs to be founded nearly 20 years of experience in right- Congress on solid research, much of which of-way management focusing on The results from this field evaluation is being developed in Europe. The code compliance, permitting, damage will be the subject of a presentation lessons learned from the IKT research prevention, and removal of longstanding (“Trees in the Pipeline Right-of- help us to understand the significant encroachments. He can be reached at Way”) at the 2013 APWA Congress pressure roots can apply to pipeline [email protected]. in Chicago, Ill., on August 26 at 4:00 joints and coatings. Combining

August 2013 APWA Reporter 75 National Grid’s response to Superstorm Sandy

Gerard P. Lundquist, P.E., Director of Gas Construction, National Grid, Brooklyn, New York, and member, APWA Utility and Public Right-of-Way Committee, Construction Practices Subcommittee, and Gas Industry Right-of-Way Subcommittee; Brian Demarest, Director of U.S. Strategic Communication, National Grid, Downstate, New York

ational Grid is one of the • Sending safety alerts to our cus- Besides operations and call center largest natural gas distribution tomers to let them know of the assignments, these include many companies in the U.S. Our possibility that extensive flood- important back-office activities, for business in New York City ing along coastal areas could which they’ve been specially trained. serves 1.2 million customers and result in interruptions to their As the storm loomed, our employees features 4,100 miles of pipelines natural gas service. (PSAs, cus- were ready to devote themselves and main. Our Long Island gas tomer brochures/flyers, media 100 percent to their restoration business serves 568,000 customers releases and social media mes- assignments. in Nassau and Suffolk Counties and sages were delivered before and Far Rockaway and has 7,800 miles of during the restoration process.) In addition, we alerted and called in pipeline and main. additional contractor and outside utility crews. We do this to ensure we • Identifying low-lying, flood- Our gas emergency plan is constantly have the proper levels of materials prone areas and natural gas fa- reviewed and used as a training tool and supplies, and begin to move them cilities for potential isolation of to prepare employees for potential to areas we anticipate they will be our system. emergencies. Coordination with the needed. Office of Emergency Management is an important connection in ongoing o In flooded areas, water can On Sunday, October 28, our crews operations. potentially enter our gas began conducting tidal patrols and distribution system. Water inspecting critical valves across low- in a gas system is not only Storm preparation lying areas in our service area. Regular a safety concern, it can also For Superstorm Sandy, we began patrols were set up and conducted as affect the long-term integrity to prepare for a week before it long as it was safe to do so. and reliability of the system. was expected to hit with constant By isolating sections of our monitoring of the weather and By the evening of Monday, October gas system within a flood activation of our pre-storm checklist, 29, we saw tidal surges and flooding zone—pre-storm or post- which includes: unlike any we’ve ever seen before storm—we protect other parts in New York City and Long Island. of the gas system, and prevent • Conducting multiple compa- This unprecedented tidal surge water from migrating through ny-wide gas emergency plan- exceeded the best available storm our pipes to other parts of our ning conference calls each day. surge prediction models, and brought distribution system. unprecedented devastation to the • Coordinating with state and communities of Staten Island, local government, emergen- As the storm moved up the coast and Brooklyn, Queens and Long Island. cy planning and public safety it was clear that Sandy was going have its greatest impact in the NYC and agencies, including local and re- Damage assessment and LI region, we initiated the Incident gional emergency management restoration Command Structure (ICS)—putting all offices 24/7. eW also regularly We saw devastation in communities employees on emergency restoration update all elected officials in our stretching from New Dorp, Staten duty on Oct 25—four full days before affected service territory during Island; to Gerritsen Beach, Red landfall. and after the storm. Hook, Sea Gate, Coney Island and Manhattan Beach in Brooklyn; It’s important to note that every one • Monitoring the natural gas sys- to Howard Beach in Queens; to of National Grid’s 10,500 New York tem to ensure adequate gas sup- communities in the Rockaway employees has a storm assignment. ply and system pressure.

76 APWA Reporter August 2013 Peninsula, including Far Rockaway customers into three restoration Long Island impacted by Sandy and Breezy Point; to towns and categories: was more than 140k (83,000 villages along Long Island’s South in NYC). This includes those Shore. The flood damage to these 1. unable to restore impacted by isolation outages communities was at levels both 2. restore to meter (7,600 NYC – including the unparalleled and historic for our Rockaways/Breezy Point; 13,000 3. restore completely region. on Long Island), high-pressure regulator replacements and The advanced planning and We put together an aggressive plan to low-pressure safety inspections premeditated steps we took assist our most vulnerable customers immediately before and after the to address their challenges. This • We reinstated (re-gassed) more storm—such as isolating sections of included providing funding and than 270 miles of gas main our gas system—upheld the integrity support for repair and replacement by November 5 (within one of our gas system and kept customers work by qualified contractors. week), where service could be and crews safe. restored If customers had flooding damage Our employees’ efforts during to their appliances, they needed • 60,000 customers had damage restoration, especially in these early to have those appliances inspected to heating system (40,000 in hours of devastation and flooding, and pressure-tested by a qualified New York City) were nothing short of heroic. Some contractor before we could restore gas were caught in floodwaters chest deep. service. And for customers who did They persisted, helped each other, not suffer appliance damage, we had • We essentially rebuilt two gas and made it though these extremely crews on patrol to inspect company distribution systems within difficult circumstances to protect equipment and safely relight their six weeks; we installed a total customers and the integrity of the gas appliances where possible. of more than 13 miles of new system. gas distribution main in Breezy To put this restoration effort in Point (10 miles) and New Dorp Many of our employees—nearly 150— perspective, it is perhaps the largest (three miles) (total $40 million suffered devastating damage to their of its kind ever in the natural gas investment) own homes as well; and many of them industry in the U.S. Here are some came in to work, day in, day out, numbers to consider: • At peak, we had more than to perform their 12-16 hour shifts, 1,600 field staff in place, includ- despite the hardships at home. • The total number of National ing 570 mutual aid crews from Grid gas customers in NYC and 46 different companies Many homes and businesses in the hardest hit areas saw their appliances and heating equipment totally devastated. We immediately began to work with local officials to address our customers’ needs regarding damaged heating equipment that could not accept natural gas.

As you may know, gas restoration is a very labor-intensive process, requiring our crews to visit each individual customer and, if necessary, gain access to homes and businesses.

It also requires extreme focus, and coordinated, executed plans to ensure safe and efficient operations. So, to effectively deal with the Flooding in Massachusetts. Superstorm Sandy left a trail of devastation in its massive impact Sandy had on our wake, including unprecedented flooding along the shorelines of our service communities, we organized our footprint.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 77 • We safety inspected more than ing more than 2,500 turkeys during 2. Funding heating equipment for 72,000 high- and low-pressure Thanksgiving, and nearly 3,000 toys the most vulnerable customers, services for flood damage for children during the holiday sea- with grants available up to $6,000 son. • We replaced more than 40,000 3. Supporting commercial service regulators As a gas distribution provider, we’re redevelopment and rebuilding • We replaced more than 100,000 normally responsible for providing communities with grants available gas meters service up to the meter. However, as up to $250,000 much of the damage was beyond the meter, we took proactive measures To date, over 15,000 customers have Reconnecting our customers and led efforts with multiple organi- benefited from this program. Early on, we established a presence in zations, trade allies, city and local offi- the hardest-hit neighborhoods and cials to help reconnect our customers: National Grid’s after-action review communities to help rebuild and re- process connect customers in those areas. • We leveraged our trade ally rela- At National Grid, we take great pride tionships and established a net- in our ongoing commitment to our We established eight community out- work of 250 plumbers to help customers and communities and our reach centers staffed with more than customers in need highly skilled, trained, and dedicat- 100 National Grid employees. There, ed workforce. Natural gas provides customers were able to receive infor- • We coordinated our efforts to re- heat, hot water, cooking and other es- mation from a variety of sources, face- place flood-damaged gas equip- sentials needed for everyday life. Any to-face, as to what steps they needed ment and reconnected gas ser- interruption can cause inconvenience, to take to restore service and what vice to more than 12,000 NYC economic loss and even seriously af- other resources were available to help customers in coordination with fect our customers’ health and well-be- them. We also distributed the follow- the NYC Rapid Repair Program ing. That’s why we remain committed ing publications: to continuously reviewing and updat- Currently, there are still customers ing our restoration procedures and • Recovery Assistance Information where we are unable to restore plans—so that we can minimize any • Restoring Your Natural Gas Service service due to extensive damage to interruption to these essential services. their facilities. We continue to work • Hurricane Sandy Relief Programs together with all government agencies After every major storm, all parties to reconnect these customers once convene to find out what went well, And at a cost of almost $4 million, they are in a position to safely receive what didn’t, then determine what pro- we donated many supplies to these gas service. cesses we can put in place to improve customers, including more than our performance on behalf of our cus- 55,000 batteries, 42,000 blankets, Rebuilding our communities tomers. 41,500 electric heaters, 30,000-plus To help rebuild our communities, we flashlights and more than 100,000 launched a $30 million Emergency We’ve recently begun a Post-Sandy bottles of water. Economic and Community after-action evaluation program to Redevelopment Program to review and define our strengths and We also tried to brighten the holidays complement federal, state, city, potential action items. Here are some for these communities by donat- insurance and other funding. preliminary recommendations we’ve gathered: Administered through our partner HeartShare, the program targets gas • Preliminary operational assess- customers—encouraging job retention ments: and promoting installation of energy- o Pipeline replacement – reduce efficient equipment and systems. pipe susceptible to water intru- sion in the flood zones by accel- The program has three tier levels: erating replacement of cast iron and bare steel pipe Breezy Point, Queens, New York. On 1. Funding plumbing inspections Where appropriate, convert the night of the storm, flooding and (one-time, $150 bill credit to o existing Low Pressure (LP) net- fire ravaged homes in this beachfront eligible customers) works to High Pressure (HP) community.

78 APWA Reporter August 2013 culvert rehabilitation MaDe

o Re-examine valve sectionalizing districts and procedures

o Re-examine pressure regulating facilities (e.g., increase vent pole heights, remote monitoring and seals)

o Managing the logistics of bring- ing in nearly 600 mutual aid crews from 46 different utilities, and crews from National Grid’s Upstate NY and New England region.

§ We appointed Crew Guides and Hotel Ambassadors to manage lodging, meals, and moving crews from one work location to the next. These resources freed up our field supervisors to focus on setting up and coordinating crews’ work schedules.

o The Community Outreach model we used in the after- o ‘NO DIG’ with Snap-Tite®, the patented joint and math of Sandy—establishing community outreach centers G culvert rehabilitation system that’s becoming the and deploying community liai- install process of choice for DOTs, Departments of Public sons—was highly effective and Works and engineers everywhere. Your own crews can we will plan to incorporate it in the future. do the work, with minimal training and supervision. No specialized equipment is needed, and costly excavation, road closures and traffic disruption are avoided. Our employees performed magnificently, with expertise, hard work and dedication in the face of extremely demanding conditions. It’s a ‘SNAP’. Pre-cut sections We remain steadfast in our of machined HDPE (6” to 63” OD) commitment to keep New York State, are ‘snapped’ together and New York City and Long Island a great pushed through the length of place to live, work and prosper. This the existing deteriorated pipe, is our home, and we’re 100 percent delivering better flow and a determined to help our customers and watertight seal at all joints! communities recover and rebuild from the devastating effects of Superstorm Sandy.

Gerard Lundquist can be reached at (718) 963-5413 or Gerard.Lundquist@ nationalgrid.com; Brian Demarest can be reached at (516) 545-4463 or Brian. Make the connection! [email protected]. For more information visit www.culvert-rehab.com or call 1-800-CULVERT

50561_ST_APWAad.indd 1 2/14/13 8:28 AM Spreading the word by recycling with art

Robert Murrow, Recycling Coordinator, and Rae Wallace, Recycling Program Associate, Bureau of Solid Waste, City of Baltimore, Maryland

oday we live in a media The campaign looked at several ways Salvage: A Waste of Materials, monsoon of swirling to get out the message about recycling A Wealth of Art. ideas, opinions and through direct mail, messaging on communications—all vying water bills, and creating special It was decided that three prizes for our attention. How does one get events to generate publicity such as a of $500, $250 and $150 would be through this storm of messages? How proclamation from Mayor Stephanie awarded by a panel of judges with does one send the message that stands Rawlings-Blake and a “Clean Your wide-ranging art and city planning out above the rest? This was the Files Day.” experience. The prizes and much dilemma facing the City of Baltimore of the show’s budget were covered Recycling Office. One idea was to have a recycled art by a generous donation from Waste show but one with serious artists Management, Inc. and all of the Last year, Maryland’s state legislature involved. While many recycled art artwork was provided freely. raised the mandatory recycling rate exhibits are geared towards students, for all jurisdictions to 35% beginning this show would aim for high-quality Salvage was to underscore the message in 2013. Since Baltimore’s recycling artists who were part of Baltimore’s of the vital role of the Department rate was 27% the year before, vibrant art scene. Also, they would of Public Works in maintaining the Department of Public Works’ be asked to limit their materials a functioning city. Artists were Recycling Office knew they had a to those that are part of the City’s encouraged, through an exploration difficult task in making residents single stream recycling collections: of materials, to make work that aware of the new standard and to urge paper, plastic, metal, aluminum and discussed such ideas as how decisions them to recycle and recycle more. glass cans and bottles. A curator was about what materials are collected In order to meet this challenge, they retained to assist in helping engage from curbside collection directly created a public awareness campaign local city artists in participating in the impact the quality of life in Baltimore called the “Drive to 35!” show and the exhibit would be called and/or the way that life itself is

First-place winner Anthro en Vogue by Katie Chen

80 APWA Reporter August 2013 The opening night for Salvage: A Waste of Materials, A Wealth of Art, took place Friday, March 22, 2013, at the Baltimore Public Works Museum in Baltimore’s Inner Harbor. The exhibition featured 17 artists who created over 30 works of art made of recycled materials and included a live performance by the Towson Percussion Ensemble. The Ensemble performed on salvaged metal industrial drums created by artists Jenn Figg and Matthew McCormack. These drums are the ultimate form of green energy as they convert vibrational energy into light which provided for a remarkable audio and visual performance. Attendees arrived donning their finest “recycled” attire. The optional dress code for the evening provided for yet another visualization of how everyday items cannot only be recycled but reused.

Public Works Director Alfred H. Foxx awarded first place to Katie Chen for Anthro en Vogue. This expansive work was made of tiny magazine clippings Second-place winner Brown Bag Test by Stephen Towns meticulously arranged to create a colorful and interpretive collage. reflected and transformed through the Committed to reflecting the diversity Stephen Towns received the second imaginative repurposing of materials. and cultural richness of Baltimore in place prize for his piece Brown Bag the selection of artists and artworks, Test, a self-portrait made of brown The call was open to two-dimensional the Department of Public Works paper bags that were masterfully and three-dimensional visual artists weighed previous work demonstrating executed and rich with historical and students of the visual arts artists’ commitment to addressing context. Laure Drogoul received the residing in the City of Baltimore and environmental issues or social issues third place prize for Eastern Lights. Baltimore County. For consideration, related to the city, such as recycling in Strung high above the floor, these an art piece had to be estimated the city. lanterns made of multi-colored milk to be comprised of at least 50% of jugs cast light on the floor below the materials found on the list of Also included in the exhibit were in various shapes and had been acceptable recyclables. Artists were works of art by the Baltimore displayed across streets throughout selected on the basis of the following Montessori School in an effort to the city. criteria: expand recycling awareness to Baltimore’s youth. Their work was Opening night generated a crowd • Use of recyclable materials from suspended from the ceiling as a of over 200 people and the response the approved DPW list (40%) herd of papier-mâché animals in the was extremely positive. One attendee hallway of the participatory section • Addressing social or conceptual said, “I found I could have new of the exhibit. Visitors were asked issues associated with recycling in things using what I already throw to finish the phrase, “Recycling is Baltimore (30%) away. Recycling is giving new life.” important to me because…” Their slip And another mentioned, “I think • Fit within entire body of selected of paper was then pinned to the wall it is so wonderful that you would work (10%) opposite the student art. have such an event! The work was

August 2013 APWA Reporter 81 inspirational and beyond creative.” Director Foxx said, “This event and the works these artists have created express the underlying meaning of recycling. The message not only sheds light on our need to recycle but to find ways to reduce our waste by imagining new and innovative ways to re-fashion these everyday materials.”

Ms. Valentina Ukwuoma, Head of DPW’s Bureau of Solid Waste who greenlighted the project, said, “I loved this show! It highlighted our Drive To 35 Campaign and was a great way to get citizens energized and excited about recycling. We hope this enthusiasm carries over and inspires Third-place winner Eastern Lights by Laure Drogoul city residents to do their part to help Baltimore reach a 35% recycling Public Works Association, had the The philosophy of recycling is rate.” opportunity to view the works and akin to that of art-making itself, was excited by the visual arts and reclaiming discarded ideas and At the close of the exhibit, Elizabeth how they could be used to convey objects and repurposing them into Treadway, President of the American the message of recycling. beautiful, imaginative expressions of art. Specifically, taking ordinary objects and transforming them into The Asphalt Preservation Specialists! something magnificent, something so awesome it catches the eye of all who NO ENGINEERED STRUCTURE see it. IS DESIGNED TO BE BUILT AND THEN This is what Salvage did. Throughout the exhibit over 150 children came NEGLECTED OR IGNORED. for field trips, several local news – Henry Petroski, Duke University stations produced stories about it, “ U S. ROADS “ and DPW received multiple tweets GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE – 3 Billion Dollar Asset – – 80 Trillion Dollar Asset – and Facebook posts about its success.

Salvage afforded these wasted materials an opportunity to continue their life in another form; and in the media maelstrom we sometimes find ourselves in, Baltimore’s dynamic and stimulating art works flashed out a Protected Proactive by Maintenance Pro-active Maintenance Strategy Maintained Worst-First by MaintenanceWorst-first Practices Strategy VS. lightning-like message. Protect Your Assets : Change Your Maintenance Strategy! Preserve Pavements with GSB-88 and: Bob Murrow can be reached at (410) 396-4511 or robert.murrow@ l Double the life of pavements baltimorecity.gov; Rae Wallace can be l Reduce overall maintenance costs reached at (410) 396-4511 or Rakiya- [email protected]. Get More Info: (800) 747-8567 l geeasphalt.com

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APWA is YOUR one-stop public works resource! APWA offers more than 550 public works publications and resources! August 2013 APWA Reporter 83 Visit us 24/7 at apwa.net/bookstore Converting concrete channels to natural stream systems The 50-Year Plan for Contra Costa County, California

Mitch Avalon Deputy Public Works Director Contra Costa County, California Death, taxes, and flood protection routine maintenance and the time a between 2025 and 2065. Of course, infrastructure responsible agency has to plan for its failure of a facility can occur before Ben Franklin once said there are only replacement. The reasonable service or after 75 years. We all hope our two certainties in life: death and taxes. life for a concrete channel is 75 years facilities perform beyond their service I would add the eventual failure of (see sidebar on p. 87). life, but that doesn’t always happen. flood protection infrastructure to On the San Ramon Creek Channel that short list. Aging infrastructure In the decades that followed World in Contra Costa County, Calif., a and how to replace it is a huge issue War II a building boom blossomed drop structure constructed by the Soil in our nation. Flood protection in California and many parts of the Conservation Service in 1960 failed 35 infrastructure, especially concrete nation. This development triggered years later in 1995 (see photo). channels and structures, are very the need for flood protection costly to replace and we need all infrastructure. Flood control districts What have we inherited? the time we can to plan for their were asked to respond and often Local agencies, most notably flood replacement—even 50 years. And if we worked with the Army Corps of control districts, were the local take a long-term view for the capital Engineers or the Soil Conservation sponsor for Corps-built facilities, replacement of concrete channels Service (now the Natural Resources and upon completion the local and structures, we can reimagine Conservation Service) to channelize agency assumed responsibility for the system to provide habitat value, creeks and rivers to provide 100-year maintaining them to a level of recreational opportunities, and level of protection. Given a typical service specified in the project’s improved water quality. The eventual expected service life of 75 years, maintenance manual. The replacement of these facilities can concrete channels built between 1950 requirements in the maintenance be an opportunity and a catalyst and 1990 will need to be replaced manual do not change with time for citizens, city planners, and city leaders to redesign their community to convert a concrete channel to a natural-looking engineered creek. The Contra Costa County Flood Control and Water Conservation District has adopted a policy to convert concrete channels to natural systems. This policy is referred to as our “50-Year Plan.”

The end is coming Service life is defined as the average length of time a facility will perform with a reasonable amount of routine maintenance to keep it operational. When maintenance becomes excessive and initial signs of decay appear, the normal service life is said to be reached. Service life is the length of time an agency can expect to On the San Ramon Creek Channel in Contra Costa County, Calif., a drop receive “trouble-free” service with structure constructed by the Soil Conservation Service in 1960 failed 35 years later in 1995.

84 APWA Reporter August 2013 to meet changing conditions or costs are often too much for local things considered, alternative three regulations. Maintenance costs for agencies alone to bear. So we must be will place a flood control district in local agencies often increase in time optimally positioned to attract state the best position for state, federal, and due to the inflexible requirements grants and federal funding. The best local/community funding. in the maintenance manual. The way to do that is to have community Corps built flood protection facilities support, an environmentally sensitive Definition/benefits of a natural to the standards at the time they project, and a system-wide approach. system were built. Some of the standards are The eventual replacement of flood In most situations a natural system in now considered antiquated and also protection infrastructure can be the an urban area will be an engineered create increased maintenance costs. opportunity for a community to think creek or river. In an ideal world For example, the Corps sometimes about its future vision for economic the outside historical meander designed lower channel reaches with development and an opportunity would be identified and adjusted a steeper grade than the natural for the flood control district to gain to accommodate future hydrology. flowline and the channel outlet ended public support and funding for a more The anticipated outside limits of up below the receiving water body sustainable natural flood protection the meander would delineate an grade or flowline. Several channel system. appropriate corridor needed to allow outlets in Contra Costa County were the creek’s hydro-geomorphological designed and built two feet below Three alternatives processes to prosper unconstrained. the natural grade (marsh level). This There are three primary alternatives However, there are tremendous practice required regular channel for capital replacement. 1. In-Kind demands for space in an urban dredging to maintain flow capacity. Replacement: Develop a plan to environment and something less Today, depending on the habitat replace an old concrete channel with than ideal may be more realistic. and species present, dredging is very a new concrete channel, a “replace Natural features can be part of a flood difficult or impossible to get permits in-kind” strategy. 2. Patch-it: The protection system but may need to to perform, yet the Corps still requires concrete channel can be patched and be engineered to prevent erosion and it to be done. Flood control district repaired as it begins to decay. This change in meander. The more right managers of today have inherited will extend the facility and service away width that is available for the a flood protection system that is life but will only delay the inevitable creek channel, the less drastic the becoming more expensive to maintain replacement. Maintenance costs will engineering necessary to contain and will need replacing at some point, increase as aging increases and there the natural processes. Alamo Creek yet often have insufficient funds to is greater risk of catastrophic failure. in Contra Costa County was rebuilt perform adequate maintenance let Most systems were built by channel by a large development project. It alone establish a capital replacement reach and can be replaced channel was engineered as a natural creek fund. reach by channel reach, but a “patch- system but had bank armoring that it” strategy combined with deferred was buried underneath the creek Is the glass half full or half empty? maintenance may result in much of bank at curves and critical locations, We know a responsible agency has the system failing over a short period then covered and heavily planted to to plan for the capital replacement of time, making the replacement provide riparian habitat. The creek of its facilities, but how do we fund much more difficult and expensive. bed was also controlled with rock a capital replacement program? 3. Natural System: Replace the grade-control structures that were fish Our Flood Control District does not concrete channel with an engineered friendly. This approach provides a have the funds to rebuild its aging natural system, adding riparian stable creek bank that allows buildings infrastructure now or at any time vegetation, proper stream function, to be built fairly close to the creek in the future as long as the taxing habitat, and recreation to the flood bank with a high degree of safety. The structure in California remains protection system. benefits of a natural systems approach unchanged. Ideally, stormwater is the environmental enhancement would have the same prominence Only alternatives one and three with vegetated creek banks, improved and authority in California law as provide an agency with a replacement water quality through filtering sewer and water, and would be able facility that will provide service over and biological processes, habitat to establish a rate structure to fund a long period of time. Alternative for aquatic and riparian species, operations and capital replacement. three should be strongly considered recreational opportunities, and The only way we will be able to fund and discussed, as it will provide a possibly improved public health as capital replacement is with financial sustainable system, be more acceptable expressed in Richard Louv’s book investment from the federal and by regulatory and granting agencies, Last Child in the Woods. The other big state government. The replacement and generate more public support. All benefit is the community’s overall

August 2013 APWA Reporter 85 improved image, and increased system is the flood control district’s of the community, it is part of the community engagement and vigor and if it fails it is their problem. landscape that defines the community. when it realizes implementing this If property is damaged as a result The creek is a community design vision can revitalize or enhance their of flooding then property owners element and should be incorporated economic development and improve will sue the flood control district. into their land-use planning their quality of life. Nobody wins, everyone loses. In the documents and community designing context of this article “community” processes. What’s the process? includes citizens, community-based Developing a capital replacement organizations, creek groups, city staff, Political processes. Politics are program is hard enough, but to and elected officials. different in each community. It goes change your concrete channels to without saying that local political natural systems can seem even more Visioning. This is a community sensitivities must be understood daunting. A natural system alternative exercise to define the possible futures and respected. Who to talk to first; almost always requires increased right- in the context of replacing flood who authorizes what; what are the of-way, usually a difficult proposition. protection infrastructure. They may lightning rod issues and sacred cows. But it is quite feasible if a long-term choose to redesign their downtown Knowing this will help to navigate view is taken. The following are some to incorporate a natural creek into through a successful community- of the key steps. their central business district and based planning process. make it an attraction. This was done, Talk about it. Changing a for example, in San Luis Obispo, Partners. Partnering with local community’s flood protection California. The community may community groups and other agencies infrastructure to a natural system can decide to include a natural creek in that would benefit from a natural seem like a radical change. You need a linear park and plan to buy a row creek system (e.g., a park district) to talk about your infrastructure, of houses to achieve it. Visioning will help in navigating through the its economic importance to the allows the community to identify political processes and working with community, the need for eventual alternatives that can then be analyzed the community. Having the support replacement and the opportunities and evaluated for feasibility. and interest of key engineering and this represents. This outreach and planning staff and the city managers awareness effort will be helpful when Land-use processes. Land-use at the cities is also critical. a community goes through a land authority is the purview of cities and use update. Cities must mentally counties, and cumulative land-use Demonstration projects. It is easier take ownership of the creek in their decisions can make a future channel for a community to vote for a ballot community; they must see it as an replacement easier or more difficult. measure to finance a project if they amenity for the city rather than If a city supports a natural system as can visualize the project. Building a someone else’s drainage channel. a future channel replacement, then it small demonstration project helps Increasing awareness of the creek can preserve and widen the right-of- them see the benefits and helps build channel and its opportunities helps way corridor for the creek. The city community support for the larger change the city’s perspective. can require a developer to dedicate reconstruction and restoration project. additional right-of-way width for Community-based planning. This the creek corridor as mitigation or in Incremental approach. Like a lot is the heart of the process. If there is exchange for higher density or for of large, complex initiatives, it is easier to be support from a community to some other value. Cities and counties to complete a project one piece at a advocate for federal and state funding have a General Plan that establishes time rather than all at once. and to fund the local cost-share of the goals and policies for development a flood control district project, then of the city. These are typically based The 50-Year Plan the project must be a community’s on a 20-year planning horizon and are The Contra Costa County Flood project. They will more likely support updated from time to time. Updating Control and Water Conservation a project that meets their vision than a General Plan, developing a Specific District has been talking about one pushed on them by the flood Plan, or reviewing ordinance codes converting concrete channels to control district. In the worst case are all good times for a flood control natural systems for over 10 years. Our scenario, where a community feels district to engage a community in Flood Control District’s governing alienated by the flood control district, discussions about what their creek board adopted the “50-Year Plan” as a the community may oppose the flood should look like in the future. The conceptual policy in 2009. The policy control district project and may take creek (the flood control channel) is called the 50-Year Plan to recognize the position that the flood protection going through the community is part

86 APWA Reporter August 2013 the long time frame necessary to City received a $2.65 million state one side provides recreational use. plan, acquire the right-of-way, and grant to restore the lower portion The Flood Control District wanted implement a channel conversion. We of the Pinole Creek. The first phase to restore flood capacity with a have been in discussions with several of the project was completed in sustainable natural system and with cities about the opportunities that a 2010. Since 1965 the Corps channel community support. Community large development project on a creek silted in to approximate the original support translated into political channel offers, or discussions about channel. The new low-flow channel support and successfully attracted restoration of the creek channel was two feet higher than the Corps funding. during a General Plan update. channel; it was back to the original creek flowline. The demonstration We are currently working through Perhaps the best example of our project left the low-flow channel in the process detailed above on several planning efforts so far is Pinole place and excavated out a broader of our concrete channels and, with Creek. In 1965 the Corps built a marshplain and floodplain by a bit of luck, in another 40 years we channel through the City of Pinole. narrowing the access roads on each should be celebrating the success of They constructed a flat-bottom side of the channel. The wider our 50-Year Plan! channel, two feet below natural channel and short flood walls at grade at the channel mouth. After the lower end provide the required Mitch Avalon can be reached at (925) California Proposition 13 was passed flood capacity, tree planting provides 313-2203 or [email protected]. in 1978, the Flood Control District habitat value, and a paved trail on tax rate in the Pinole Creek watershed was locked in at zero. Although the channel needed maintenance and Service Life dredging, our Flood Control District had no funds to do so. Each year the A concrete flood control channel is problem is environmental conditions District would approach the City a reinforced concrete structure and the structure is exposed to, such as for maintenance funding, each year determination of its service life is the chemical reaction with the concrete, City staff included it as part of their same as for other concrete structures. extreme temperatures, freeze thaw Bridge design specifications developed cycles or excessive bed load. Certain budget hearings, and each year it was by the American Association of State chemicals, for example, can invade unfunded. Highway and Transportation Officials the concrete’s pore structure and (AASHTO), define service life as the initiate physical or chemical reactions About 10 years ago City and period of time that a structure is causing expansive by-products. These flood control staff agreed to do a expected to be in operation. Design in turn cause cracks and access to the visioning effort for Pinole Creek. life is defined as the period of time reinforcing steel, ultimately causing The visioning effort was to be the that the structure can withstand corrosion and spalling concrete. At first step in eventually going to the the various and repetitive loading that point if major maintenance and voters with a ballot measure to fund anticipated with a given set of repairs aren’t performed the structure maintenance and restoration of the design specifications. The AASHTO will proceed towards failure. creek. The Friends of Pinole Creek specifications require a design life and Urban Creeks Council, a local of 75 years. In the 1950s and 1960s AASHTO specifications require earth- nonprofit organization, received a when the bulk of our flood control retaining structures to be designed for grant and led the effort to develop facilities were being planned, designed a 75-year service life considering the a Pinole Creek Vision Plan after a and built, the focus was on structure potential long-term effects of materials host of community meetings. Seeing design life, which in those days was deterioration, seepage and other the public interest in the creek and 50 years. potentially harmful environmental having a vision, the City developed a factors on each of the structure’s Greenway Master Plan for the creek. A structure’s ability to meet material components. Although This was subsequently adopted as its expected service life can be bridges, retaining walls and concrete part of the City’s General Plan. The compromised in several ways. If the channels are all reinforced concrete City and District agreed that having loading is increased over time during structures, more research could be a portion of the creek restored as a the service period, the expected design done specifically on the service life demonstration project would help and service life will be decreased expectations associated with flood the community visualize what a and structural failure will occur control channels. restored channel would look like. The sooner than anticipated. Another

August 2013 APWA Reporter 87 Sustainable transportation solutions Implementing sustainable transportation practices in your community

Renae Kuehl, P.E., PTOE Associate SRF Consulting Group, Inc. Minneapolis, Minnesota

lobal concerns about Decision Tree for Stormwater Best Minnesota cities and counties are protecting the environment, Management Practices responsible under federal, state and conserving our resources, Authors: Michael Marti, David Filipiak, local laws for managing stormwater to and improving quality of life Lisa Goddard (SRF Consulting Group, Inc.) minimize flooding, control erosions, have influenced how city and county http://www.lrrb.org/media/ and prevent pollutants from entering engineers plan, design, construct, reports/2011RIC01.pdf our lakes and streams. operate, and maintain their local Runoff from paved streets and transportation systems. As public parking lots can be a problem for Strict stormwater management works professionals, we have the urban residents and the environment. requirements have resulted in opportunity to further preserve our limited resources by researching and constructing sustainable infrastructure.

Committed to researching and developing sustainable transportation systems, the Minnesota Local Road Research Board (LRRB), in collaboration with the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT), recently implemented several sustainable solutions that support and protect the natural environment. Each of these solutions—ranging from stormwater management to energy-efficient streetlighting to porous asphalt pavement—contributes to a safe, reliable transportation system while promoting the highest possible quality of life for local communities.

In an effort to share its latest transportation research with city and county engineers, the LRRB has published several reports to explain these newly-implemented sustainable transportation solutions. Each of these projects addresses sustainability in terms of the environment, the economy, and society and explains Increasingly stringent stormwater management requirements have resulted in in detail how local agencies can an expanding set of potential treatment options. However, not all stormwater implement these solutions in their best management practices perform the same treatment function or provide own communities. the same removal efficiencies.

88 APWA Reporter August 2013 an expanding set of potential This report, which is especially useful Field Testing Energy-Efficient treatment practices. However, not in situations in which there is no Streetlights all stormwater best management regional stormwater facility available, Authors: Dave Hirsch (Stonebrooke practices (BMPS) perform the same also highlights several BMPs that Engineering) and Robb Luckow treatment function or provide the have been successfully used in (Hennepin County Housing, Community same removal efficiencies. With Minnesota including stormwater Works and Transit) all of the options available, how ponds, underground treatment http://www.lrrb.org/media/ do you select the most appropriate devices, and porous and permeable reports/201304.pdf stormwater BMP for your project pavements. “There’s recent research Streetlighting improvements can while meeting permit requirements? that shows a significant amount of help governments save money contaminants can be removed from while reducing their environmental What you will learn surface water that passes through a footprints. While induction and This report provides a scoping- pervious or a porous pavement, “says light-emitting diode (LED) are level tool to assist city and county Mark Maloney, Director of Public commonly used energy-efficient public works staff in the selection of Works for the City of Shoreview. light sources, streetlighting is a appropriate BMPs. This decision tree, “[We] can manage the quality and relatively new application for which considers sustainable factors quantity of the stormwater that’s these technologies. There has been like water quality and life-cycle costs, going back into the aquifer.” little field testing of manufacturer walks users through five simple steps: performance claims (especially in selecting project type; describing the Additionally, a video was recently cold weather climates), so do these project; determining the regulatory completed to highlight and define products really lower your energy environment; creating a preliminary the various stormwater BMPs. The bills and reduce maintenance costs? BMP toolbox; and refining BMP video is available at selection. http://www.youtube.com/ What you will learn watch?v=b5Hbz_M32IQ. In 2010, researchers studied the side-

August 2013 APWA Reporter 89 by-side performance of induction claims of manufacturers. According and LED streetlights in the City of to the research, the quality of Minneapolis. Options were evaluated streetlighting products (especially over a two-year period and ranked light quality) varies depending on according to energy consumption, the vendor, and more expensive operating costs, maintenance calls, lights tended to produce better light levels and quality, and public light quality. Somewhat offsetting response. As governments start the higher initial costs of energy- to replace standard high-pressure efficient lighting, researchers noted sodium (HPS) streetlights with more the lower energy and maintenance efficient technologies, this research expenses of LED and induction helps governments choose the most lights (with savings of up to 50 to 75 suitable products. “This project percent). Induction lights, however, gave us the chance to see products had reduced light output in colder from nine different manufacturers weather and were also too dim for in the space of a mile, and it was commercial lighting. In terms of striking how some blocks were public perception, residents reacted brightly lit while in others, the positively when HPS streetlights were lights were difficult to find,” says replaced with LED lights, noting the Robb Luckow, Principal Planning improved visibility, new white light Analyst, Hennepin County Housing, color, and reduced glare. When HPS streetlights were replaced Community Works and Transit. with LED lights, residents reacted positively to the visibility, white light Porous Asphalt Pavement color, and reduced glare of the LEDs. This report outlines the benefits of Performance in Cold Regions energy-efficient lighting and tests the Authors: Matthew Lebens and Brett Troyer (Minnesota Department of Transportation) http://www.lrrb.org/media/ reports/201212.pdf Porous asphalt pavements have several environmental advantages. These pavements, designed with higher air voids, allow water to drain directly through the open- graded pavement structure into the underlying layers, reducing the need for costly drainage structures. In addition to reducing harmful runoff and improving water quality, porous pavements also absorb noise from tires and engines and improve transfer of water and oxygen to nearby plant roots. These mixes, often used in parking lots and thin surface courses, have been less studied as full-depth roadway pavements. How do full-depth porous asphalt pavements perform on low-volume roads, especially in a climate as cold as Minnesota’s?

90 APWA Reporter August 2013 What you will learn This report examines the durability, maintenance requirements, hydrologic benefits, and Save the Date! environmental considerations of a full-depth porous asphalt pavement installed on a low-volume roadway in a cold climate. Researchers constructed three test sections at the MnROAD facility (a research test facility northwest of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area) and collected data over a three- People to People Citizen Ambassador Programs year period. Research finds that even (Ambassador Programs, Inc.) in cold climates, porous pavements can perform reasonably well on Public Works Delegation to Cuba low-volume roads when used in November 15–23, 2013 the right situations, particularly Tour Leader Larry Frevert, APWA Past President, PE, PWLF. in applications with limited heavy For more information, visit www.peopletopeople.com/APWA loading. Observed benefits included Call 877-787-2000 to confirm your interest. increased water quality by allowing Since availability is limited, early pre-enrollment is encouraged to give direct infiltration through the you the best opportunity to reserve your space before it’s gone. pavement structure, better skid Join your public works colleagues in Cuba! resistance, faster snow and ice melt Under this license (CT-2012-297557-1) by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control, individuals can legally visit Cuba with Ambassador Programs, Inc. (People to People Ambassador (as well as reduced copper and zinc Programs), only if they are U.S. citizens, and non-U.S. citizens living within the jurisdiction of U.S. territory. concentrations), and the increased cooling of stormwater before being discharged into sensitive areas. “[We] designed a very robust porous Research Project Engineer, MnDOT Minnesota’s transportation systems. asphalt mix and structure. There Office of Materials and Road These projects have also helped were construction and durability Research. MnDOT reach its sustainability challenges, but it performed well goals. Please visit www.lrrb.org for considering the amount of applied Porous pavements also present more information including full loading,” says Matthew Lebens, challenges, however. “Porous reports and interactive resources. pavement is a good tool in the toolbox for stormwater Renae Kuehl can be reached at (763) management,” says Larry 249-6783 or [email protected]. Matsumoto, Department of Public Works, City of Minneapolis. For more than 50 years, the Local “However, it needs to be used in Road Research Board (LRRB) has the right application.” In addition brought important developments to to less strength and shorter life transportation engineers throughout spans than standard mixes, porous Minnesota. Those developments range asphalt eventually clogs with from new ways to determine pavement Permeability tests in which water dirt and organic debris, reducing strength to innovative methods for is flushed through the pavement permeability. Also, toxic spills and engaging the public. Today, the LRRB structure were central to the deicing chemicals have a more direct remains true to its important mission: investigation of porous asphalt path to groundwater supplies. supporting and sharing the latest pavements. The tests confirmed transportation research applications that porous asphalt drains and Research sponsored by the LRRB with the state’s city and county filters water effectively through the helps to improve the quality of engineers. pavement structure.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 91 Sustainability leadership within public works

Jim Waring Executive Chairman CleanTECH San Diego Presenter, 2013 APWA Sustainability in Public Works Conference

s a public works would likely involve sustainability Yet if this same trusted person professional, you have and related technologies and told us that these, and similar dire an incredibly tough job. practices. States, regions and cities outcomes, will likely occur in 50 Your projects are highly that positioned and branded years unless we immediately make visible and frequently the largest themselves as leaders in this these same behavioral changes, capital projects, public or private, emerging field, assuming they there is no evidence society would in the region. Not only are public delivered, would have a significant immediately and aggressively act at works projects often large, and advantage. CleanTECH San Diego the needed scale. almost always complex, but the was formed as a business-supported execution and delivery takes place trade group to do just that. So if people are predisposed, not to under a public microscope. And mention compelled by day-to-day heaven help a facilities department CleanTECH San Diego intentionally realities, to think and act relatively should there be a disruption in framed its message in terms of short term, how can we possibly service, regardless of the reason. economic growth and jobs creation, mobilize huge, complex, multi- Yet I am going to add to your list of not in terms of climate change, decade undertakings to achieve challenges by submitting that public the environment or a social policy. outcomes that are seemingly vague works departments not only have For many reasons it has proven in time and impact, and in many the opportunity, but also the duty, impossible across much of our respects incomprehensible? Recent to demonstrate to your community nation to forge a political consensus national and international political the public and economic benefits of on the risks of climate change, and paralysis and inaction might lead us building, maintaining and operating what, if any, response society should to say we can’t. your systems in as sustainable a have to whatever risk exists. Politics manner as possible. Given the aside, what makes this discussion so Yet at the same time there is little acknowledged pressure and scrutiny hard? I believe it is because we, as disagreement with the proposition you live with daily, you might humans, are not wired to respond to that we must run our organizations naturally ask why I believe you distant, seemingly abstract threats. as cost effectively as possible, reduce and your colleagues must lead in wherever possible the resources used, sustainability efforts when you are If someone we believed and trusted and adopt the most economically criticized if something doesn’t work, told us that in five months sea levels viable technologies and systems that and not directly rewarded if it does? would rise by two-plus meters, the support doing so. These principles recent cycle of “hundred year” reflect basic economics, and simply Before answering that question, weather events would become the good management. If society— I want to share something about norm, and the world’s freshwater public and private—simply follows CleanTECH San Diego, and how cycles would be materially disrupted, these economic-driven principles, our experience helps answer the we would pay serious attention. it would as a consequence achieve question. CleanTECH San Diego If told we could prevent the worst significantly higher levels of evolved from my work within of these consequences by driving sustainability, without values-based the City of San Diego’s Economic half as many miles (or doubling labels, without what is too often Development Department. efficiency) and by reducing our seen as environmental elitism, and Working with Mayor Jerry Sanders energy use by a half, I believe society without consumers and citizens we concluded that a substantial would aggressively mobilize and having to choose between more percentage of the jobs of the future would in fact realize these changes. expensive, so-called “green”

92 APWA Reporter August 2013 products versus more affordable, operationally and economically outcomes matter. In the absence of “less green” ones. effective, but also to serve as a national leadership, states, counties platform to teach and inform your and cities must lead. When you lead, On one of the APWA web pages communities about the potential people will notice, learn and follow. it is noted that “public works for increased sustainability. Your professionals are vital to the overall communities notice what you Jim Waring can be reached at well-being of a community, their do and how you do it. Elected (858) 568-7765 or jwaring@ day-to-day choices influence officials certainly are aware for cleantechsandiego.org. energy use, air and watershed budgetary reasons, if for no other. quality, ecosystem and human The contractors you use learn to ORDER CUSTOM BULK health, climate impacts, civic life perform to your specifications. And and local prosperity.” And therein all of these lessons are then copied EDITORIAL REPRINTS lies the answer to the question elsewhere in the public and private of why I strongly believe you sectors to a significantly greater Now that you have been have the responsibility and duty degree than copied from the private featured in the APWA to demonstrate the potential sector alone. You are in a unique Reporter, why not leverage and benefits of sustainability in position to make a difference, not this opportunity to promote everything you do. only as a result of the direct savings your product or service with you achieve for citizens, but also custom reprints? The very things that make the because of the leverage inherent in job so difficult—scale, complexity the visibility of what you do. Call our reprint partner and visibility—create within your at (866) 879-9144 for work the opportunity to not only This approach is not ideological. complete details. help your particular entity be more Politics do not matter. Only

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 93 Phoenix Public Works finds new opportunities with social media

Yvette G. Roeder Public Information Officer Public Works Department City of Phoenix, Arizona

he emergence of various account using the Twitter handle @ solid waste bin replacements and social media platforms has TalkingTrashPHX, a reference to the repairs, Christmas tree recycling made communications easier, Department-produced, 15-minute and composting. The delivery of faster, powerful and even TV show on sustainability practices information is quick and succinct, more creative. With a reach of more in Phoenix. The Department delved but can have a much wider reach. than 300 million people all over the into the social media realm in Additionally, consistent and world, organizations and businesses hopes of providing a more holistic compelling messages on Twitter help are tapping into the power of social look at what Phoenix Public Works strengthen the Department’s brand media to increase their sales, improve does for the community. Through and motto, “Phoenix Public Works their service, advance their brand constant promotion of events, works for you.” recognition and develop a good sharing of photos and links to rapport with their audiences and information, Twitter is able to The following year, with more consumers. enhance the Department’s already precise city policies and guidelines, successful education and outreach the official Facebook page of the The Phoenix Public Works programs. Tweets direct followers Department was created. With Department is no different. to the official Phoenix Public Works consistent branding in mind, the website, where Phoenix residents page also is called “Talking Trash” In 2010, the Phoenix Public Works are made aware of other programs and provides more extensive Department created its own Twitter offered by the Department, such as information about Phoenix Public

A screen shot of the Facebook page about Ray Chavez and the children who love solid waste trucks

94 APWA Reporter August 2013 Works’ services, news, and updates. they line up their impressive Facebook’s sharing features are collection of toy solid waste trucks utilized to educate residents about as they wait for Chavez. CONSTRUCTION CEMENT the City’s recycling program and future campaigns. Photos One day, Chavez asked his of different events and recycling supervisor if he could make a activities are posted to pique the longer stop at the siblings’ home FASTER interest of current LIKErs and to show them his real truck up potential LIKErs. Facebook also is close. His supervisor made contact STRONGER another avenue for the Department with the children’s mom and she MORE DURABLE to post news releases to reach, not happily agreed. When the following only those in traditional media, but Thursday morning arrived, the also those in new media. children’s mom got her camera 3000 PSI IN 1 HOUR ready to capture a priceless moment. Clearly, the Phoenix Public Works Department acknowledges social The photos of the children and media’s value. Chavez were posted on Facebook and immediately garnered many “We realize the importance of kudos and heartfelt comments, fostering a good relationship with mostly from coworkers, who have our customers and our community,” LIKEd the Facebook page, and said Phoenix Public Works Acting their families. From an analytics Specified Director John A. Trujillo. “In order standpoint, that particular post had Worldwide to maintain good customer service the largest reach in the short history and remain a leader in sustainability, of the Department’s Facebook Phoenix Public Works needs to page. From a “human connection” stay relevant and be a source standpoint, the comments were of information on sustainable all supportive, encouraging and practices. Along with our staff, social engaging. media helps us achieve all that, plus presents other possibilities.” “When our department immersed in social media, our goal was to And social media seems to present connect with our customers and other opportunities that can community,” said Trujillo. “But impact the way Phoenix Public now we’re discovering something Works conducts its operations and else really interesting and exciting ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY employee relations. about social media: It can help boost • High bond strength morale and camaraderie among our One such opportunity surfaced employees and give them a sense of • Low shrinkage when photos of solid waste pride in what they do because the • High sulfate resistance equipment operator Ray Chavez people they serve can now show were posted on Facebook and their appreciation.” • Great freeze thaw durability instantly received numerous positive • Long life expectancy comments. That’s just one opportunity that • 65% lower carbon footprint surfaced. Phoenix Public Works Chavez, a 25-year veteran of the knows there’s more to social media Phoenix Public Works Department, to be discovered. and his truck have become part Available in of two young siblings’ Thursday Yvette Roeder can be reached at (602) Bags and Bulk morning routine. The two children 495-0189 or [email protected]. have a fascination with solid waste trucks, and every Thursday morning 800-929-3030 ctscement.com

APWA_February2012_1.indd 1 1/9/13 8:36 AM The Interchange in Minneapolis creates a bold vision with the idea of “Open Transit”

Peter David Cavaluzzi, FAIA Principal EE&K a Perkins Eastman company New York City, New York

here are many keys to a partnership between Hennepin lives of residents and businesses successful city, and a thriving County, Hennepin County Regional alike. It also will bring together the public realm is certainly chief Railroad Authority, Hennepin full spectrum of professionals and among them. A variety of County Housing and Redevelopment practitioners in public works fields open, well-maintained public spaces Authority, Metro Transit, the City in a highly trafficked, high-profile give our towns and cities a character of Minneapolis, and the Minnesota destination, shining a much-deserved that is all their own and provide Ballpark Authority and private spotlight on these critical operations. places for residents and tourists to development—the Interchange will engage with one another and the be an iconic place of enduring value Woven into the fabric of existing city at large. For these places to be for a great American city. It will development and designed to successful themselves they require an connect all available transit modes catalyze future development, the around-the-clock attention to public (approximately 500 arriving and Interchange is a transit hub first works that, though often unseen, is departing trains daily; more than and foremost; it has complex critical to quality of life. 1,900 bus routes; and hundreds of operational systems that must miles of bike and walking trails) with seamlessly function in the The Interchange, a new the rich real estate development background of the additional transportation hub opening in opportunities of Minneapolis’ historic amenities and programming at the Minneapolis in 2014, represents one North Loop neighborhood and site. But, this new breed of transit such place. A unique combination existing cultural attractions such as station will impact such an array of of architecture, open space, transit, Target Field, home to the Minnesota Minneapolitans at once—in addition infrastructure, history, culture and Twins Major League Baseball team. to commuters, downtown residents, art, the Interchange will be distinctly An emblem of civic purpose, the suburban dwellers, Twins fans, of Minneapolis. A bold example Interchange will enhance the well- concert-goers and business owners of public working with private—a being, economic vitality and daily and patrons—that the places it will create (for example, the Cascade Amphitheater and the Great Lawn) and the draw of its amenities (for example, year-round programming and high-quality commuter-oriented retail) will be prominent markers of its integration into the cultural landscape of Greater Minneapolis. Importantly, the Interchange will bring the critical work of public works, which impact the daily lives of thousands, to the foreground; the implementation and ongoing operations of this large-scale project will be a rich source of opportunity and a forward-looking platform The Lower Plaza will be an active retail and community gathering space, for best practices and professional accommodating multiple transportation modes and providing direct access to development for public works the Cascade Amphitheater. (Rendering courtesy of EE&K a Perkins Eastman organizations. Company)

96 APWA Reporter August 2013 In addition to the Cascade • “Future Tenant Space” that will the LEED-certified and Minnesota Amphitheater, an outdoor theater- cater to the needs of the neigh- State-recognized B3 accredited stair available for live concerts, and borhood development will use heat from the the Great Lawn, a multipurpose nearby Hennepin Energy Recovery green space with 250 parking spaces • Incorporation of public art proj- Center (HERC) to heat the sidewalks underneath it, the Interchange’s ects to enhance the pedestrian and the plaza in the winter months. design features: environment With the development of the • A “campanile,” or a vertical fea- The project team, helmed by Interchange, Minneapolis will ture that will project light shows EE&K a Perkins Eastman company soon be the home of one of the and possibly video displays and Knutson Construction, most advanced transit centers and designed the Interchange to be modern community destinations in an environmentally responsible the country. Construction on the • A canopy above the entire length community member. Through Interchange continues on schedule, of the lofted train platform that sustainable design features and the project will open in April of will illuminate as trains arrive that together help to further 2014. and depart the station Minneapolis’s urban revival and reputation as one of the healthiest For more information, please cities in which to live, the prominent call (202) 212-6064 or visit www. • Retail shops, restaurants, and incorporation of rainwater collection theinterchange.net. cafés that will be ready for im- for irrigation and a symbiotic mediate occupation, as well as industrial reuse of water within Peter David Cavaluzzi is the lead opportunities for additional de- the adjacent waste recycling design architect of the Interchange. He velopment around the station center also recognize the city’s rich can be reached at (212) 353-0114 or connection to water. Furthermore, [email protected].

Shown here from the elevated transit platform, the Cascade Amphitheater and Great Lawn will provide unique urban opportunities for relaxation and civic engagement, on ballpark event days and every day. (Rendering courtesy of EE&K a Perkins Eastman Company)

August 2013 APWA Reporter 97 Smiley Face Bollards

Rob Veer, AScT Mechanical Technologist Engineering Department City of Vancouver, British Columbia

he Equipment Services Veer began thinking about another Branch of the City of way to design these bollards, Vancouver, British Columbia, eliminating some of the issues he procures and maintains all of saw in the existing ones. They also the City’s vehicles and equipment. needed to be affordable and easy The branch has its own shops with to use. He came up with a pipe-in- fabricators, machinists, carpenters, pipe design where the bottom of body workers, and blacksmiths the post is cut in half longitudinally who work on the vehicles and also where it enters the bollard receiver provide custom manufacturing for embedded in the ground. The only various projects. item that is pulled up from the receiver is a single chain link that The Equipment Services Branch falls back down when not in use. had been approached by the When the bollard is pulled out of Transportation Division to come up the receiver, there is no need for a with a design for a removable non- temporary sign, traffic cone, or flip crash-resistant bollard that could down lid to be locked in place as be used on roads. Bollards are small the “smiley face” cover is already structures, usually short vertical over the receiver. Nothing protrudes posts, which are placed to control or past ground level when the post direct traffic. The initial purpose was is removed. If the bollard receiver to aid in closing down roads during were to ever fill with anything, two special street activities. Eventually bolts could be removed and the lid the requirements of the removable taken off for cleanout. bollard expanded to include sidewalks and bicycle paths. Other features were incorporated into the design depending on Rob Veer, Mechanical Technologist the purpose and location of in the Equipment Services Branch, the bollard(s). The height was led the project and began by looking made shorter on bicycle paths to at what was commercially available. completely avoid most bicycle He found that many of these handlebars. To allow for utility Bollard with lock removed removable bollards came with flip- or emergency access, a second up lids, special locks, chains, special style of bollard was designed The presentation drawings and hold downs and tripping hazards. that incorporated two locks. The photos (on pages 98-99) have been All of these styles presented issues Equipment Services fabrication provided by the City of Vancouver to allow other cities to copy the for the locations planned and for shop now produces two standard design if they find it useful. the people responsible for removing removable “smiley face” bollards them. He could not allow these for Vancouver: a single and double Rob Veer can be reached at (604) 326- to be embedded into roadways or lock design. along paths where bicycles and cars 4788 or [email protected]. would be travelling.

98 APWA Reporter August 2013 Double-lock bollard Single-lock bollard

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SMILEY FACE SMILEY FACE

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COMPLETE BOLLARD BOLLARD BASE BOLLARD BASE BOLLARD POST COMPLETE BOLLARD BOLLARDVIEW12 POST (RECEIVER) (RECEIVER)

DOUBLE LOCK "SMILEY FACE" BOLLARD VIEW11

SINGLE LOCK "SMILEY FACE" BOLLARD

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 99 Got used oil filters? How to lead a successful used oil filter exchange campaign

Namju Cho, M.P.P. Project Manager S. Groner Associates, Inc. Long Beach, California

n late 2011, we launched a used e-newsletters and give out coupons as oil filters. We examined the barriers oil filter exchange campaign in incentives to residents who brought and motivators for recycling used oil the beautiful, quiet city of Irvine a used filter to redeem a free new filters, our target behavior. in Southern California’s Orange replacement oil filter. County. S. Groner Associates (SGA at The main barrier was they simply www.sga-inc.net) partnered with the Following are the steps we took to didn’t know that filters are recyclable City of Irvine to promote the recycling manage the campaign: and that used oil filters contain of used oil filters among do-it-yourself- approximately 10 oz. of recyclable ers who change their own engine 1. Know Your Audience oil that is considered hazardous oil. The result: a staggering 1400% The first step was to learn about waste (even after draining), as well increase in used oil filters collected in individuals who change their own as one pound of recyclable steel. We May compared with baseline numbers motor oil (“do-it-yourself-ers” or concluded that removing the barrier in December. DIYers). We conducted in-person of awareness as a first step would surveys to a sample of 60 and prompt people to recycle their used The campaign used a community- reviewed historic recycling data at filters, since people were already based social marketing platform O’Reilly Auto Parts, the city’s only recycling used oil but not filters, that relies on data and social auto parts store and our campaign which is just as easy. psychology principles to assess partner. Survey results showed that the target population, build a new Irvine residents tended to recycle “We just needed to let our residents website, conduct a raffle contest, send used oil, but did not recycle used know and provide an extra nudge to recycle their used oil filters as we learned that they were already committed to the idea of recycling used oil,” said Angie Burgh, a Senior Management Analyst at the City of Irvine who oversaw the campaign.

Survey findings also showed the best methods for delivering the message about used oil filter recycling. For instance, e-mail and billing inserts were found to be good channels, whereas Facebook was not. We also found that most DIYers personally knew other DIYers, so we could tap into this peer network to disseminate the message.

Based on data collected from our target audience, we developed a campaign to increase awareness of used oil filter recycling and created incentives that fostered social norms. The program centered around one Screenshot of the City of Irvine website O’Reilly Auto Parts store. The tactics

100 APWA Reporter August 2013 varied from offline to online, first Because all subscribers had opted in To apply the theory of social diffusion, focusing on awareness and then to be on the e-mail list, the open and we also formed partnerships with local driving residents into the store to take click-through rates were well above car clubs and attended car shows to action with incentives. industry averages. The average rate at conduct outreach. which recipients opened the e-mail 2. Remove Barriers. Reinforce Moti- was 56% compared with 23% for the Everyone Recycles Their Oil vators through Incentives industry (government). Of those who We provided incentives and created We first wanted to raise awareness opened the e-mail, the average rate a social norm around recycling used and then promote behavior change at which recipients clicked on at least oil. We designed and placed a poster through incentives and written one article was 55% compared with an in the participating O’Reilly store by commitments. industry average of 14%. the cashier to encourage customers to enter a raffle for a chance to win We developed and distributed three In early January 2012, we kicked off a monthly prize ($50 gift card) by e-newsletters that included articles of the City’s used oil web page (www. filling out raffle tear sheets with their interest to car enthusiasts like DIY- cityofirvine.us/usedoil), where we contact information and whether ers, details about Irvine’s Used Oil posted a public service announce- they recycled their oil filter that program, and other related content ment, photos of monthly raffle win- day. Each month, we placed the such as car events and Certified ners, and links to other recycling winners’ first names and photos Collection Centers for used oil. We resources. The 30-second PSA was also on the poster in-store and online, started off with a small e-mail list aired at a local Shell gasoline station thereby modeling the social norm and a local Irvine television station. collected by the City prior to the (i.e., “other Irvine residents are campaign and expanded the list to recycling...so should I!”). Customers The website also served as an effective 127 e-mail subscribers at two car were also encouraged to check a channel to reach our target audience. shows, through the in-store raffle and box on the tearsheet to pledge to The launch of a new and improved the Irvine Used Oil program website. recycle used oil filters. Studies have website led to a seven-fold jump in shown that people are more likely to number of visits to 148 in January follow through with an action if they from an average of 20 visits per month commit to it in writing. from October to December 2011. The number of visits then leveled off to We collected 118 entries from the 71 in February, inching up to 99 in

March, and finally settling at 98 in store and events and gave out five April. gift cards.

Irvine used oil raffle poster SGA staffing Car Show on the Green

August 2013 APWA Reporter 101 Make it Easy & Appealing 3. Results The value of the coupons in Residents who brought in a used oil We coordinated with O’Reilly promoting the target behavior was filter and a coupon could get a new staff to modify the way collection clearly demonstrated. After coupons filter of equal value from O’Reilly data was tracked (i.e., log were made available in February, a for free. To tap into the wide DIY originally just tracked volume large number of filters were turned in network based on our survey results, of oil collected; we updated it to as part of coupon redemption in the we distributed coupons in pairs so include a column for oil filters as following months. In March 2012, that one could be handed to a fellow well, making oil recyclers aware 52 coupons were redeemed. In April DIY-er. The coupons were distributed of the possibility of also recycling 2012, 70 coupons were redeemed. As through four channels: Direct mail filters and making it possible to such, the number of filters recycled as a billing insert; e-mailed as a systematically track this data). The increased significantly (combined PDF to residents who elected to “go number of used oil filters collected blue and red bars in Figure 1 below) paperless” with Waste Management each month increased steadily over thanks to the coupons during the billing; posted on the City’s website time from the baseline of 12 filters months of March and April. If and downloadable; and e-mailed to collected in December 2011 to 147 coupons had not been provided, e-newsletter subscribers. in April 2012—more than 12 times the results show that the number of

the starting amount. filters turned in would have leveled off after the initial increase in 200 February. 180 The target behavior for the campaign 160 was bringing used oil filters into 140 the participating O’Reilly store and the coupons were a successful 120 Coupon redemp;on strategy in achieving that goal. The 100 results from the campaign indicate 80 Not associated with that an incentive (i.e., free motor coupon redemp;on 60 oil filter), backed by various forms of distribution, is a successful 40 intervention tool to encourage used 20 oil filter recycling among residents. 0 Dec-­‐11 Jan-­‐12 Feb-­‐12 Mar-­‐12 Apr-­‐12 May-­‐12 Namju Cho can be reached at (562) 597-0205 or [email protected].

# of# filtersof filters %% increase from %% increase from recycledrecycled previousprevious monthmonth baselinebaseline (Dec (Dec ’11) ’11) ORDER CUSTOM BULK December 12 -- -- DecemberJanuary 12 29 -- 141.7% -- 141.7% EDITORIAL REPRINTS February 75 158.6% 525.0% JanuaryMarch 29 107 141.7%42.7% 141.7%791.7% Now that you have April 147 37.4% 1125.0% been featured in the FebruaryMay 75 179 158.6%21.8% 525.0%1391.7% APWA Reporter, why not leverage this March 107 42.7% 791.7% opportunity to promote your product or service April 147 37.4% 1125.0% with custom reprints? May 179 21.8% 1391.7% Call our reprint partner at (866) 879-9144 for Figure 1. Number of used oil filters collected by Irvine O’Reilly Auto Parts store before and during campaign, displayed by coupon redemption status. complete details.

102 APWA Reporter August 2013

How “green” is your pavement network?

Dragos Andrei, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department California State Polytechnic University Pomona, California

id you ever wonder how to ing energy consumption, harmful period of performance. Hence the build a sustainable pavement? emissions and/or traffic disruptions. “Do Nothing” label. Well, it is very simple: make it out of recyclable materials, Pavement Management: Under the Note that different models are used use renewable energy to build it (no Hood for different categories of pavements; harmful emissions please), and make Agencies develop multi-year capital for example asphalt concrete surfaced it last forever, so that there is no need improvement plans by using pave- residential streets and Portland Ce- for maintenance, rehabilitation and ment management systems (PMS). ment concrete arterials will deteriorate traffic closures. Can’t do? I agree; we These are in fact complex decision at different rates and will be assigned are far from building the perfect road. systems that allow agencies to spend different performance curves. And we don’t have only one road to their resources in the most efficient worry about, we have entire pavement manner. In general, most efficient • M&R strategies: these are the networks that are aged, aging, and means to maintain or improve the maintenance and rehabilitation in need of costly maintenance and overall condition of the entire pave- strategies used by an agency to rehabilitation. ment network within the constraints maintain the pavement network. of limited financial resources. Several key aspects need to be So what can be done? known about the M&R strategies Reduce, reuse, and recycle. You must The main components of a PMS are: included in PMS: have heard this many times. But when • Cost it comes to pavement maintenance • Database of pavement condition: and rehabilitation this translates into the entire pavement network • Immediate effect in pavement reclaiming the aged and deteriorated is divided into smaller sections condition pavement materials and recycling which have consistent condition • Long-term effect in pavement them into renewed materials. This and characteristics (such as traffic, condition (or life extension) article provides basic information surface materials, time of con- for those interested in integrating struction, etc.) The effect of M&R is graphically recycling and reclaiming strategies in • Performance prediction models: illustrated in Figure 1. An im- their pavement management systems these models are used to predict mediate increase in PCI will be (PMS). It is the pavement manage- the rate of pavement deterioration followed by deterioration under ment system/program that produces in the next five to seven years. traffic which can happen at a maintenance and rehabilitation rec- The pavement condition index faster or slower rate, depending ommendations for the entire pave- (PCI) is used most often as a mea- on the M&R strategy used and ment network over a number of years. sure of pavement condition. The the condition of the pavement at The ins and outs of pavement man- solid red line in Figure 1 (page the time of M&R. The effect, as agement as well as how recycling and 108) represents the decrease in shown in Figure 1, is an extension reclaiming can be included in PMS are pavement condition with time, in the service life of the pavement the main topics of this article. deterioration caused by the com- structure. bined effects of traffic loading In addition, agencies are encouraged and the elements, such as chang- to raise the bar and require that main- es in temperature and moisture • Annual budget: funds available tenance and rehabilitation recommen- conditions. The curve shows that every year to be invested in the dations always include several alterna- without maintenance and reha- maintenance and rehabilitation tives of which at least one specifically bilitation, virtually all pavements activities. Unfortunately, many addresses sustainability, be it in the are expected to fail after a certain local agencies in the United form of reclaiming, recycling, reduc- States have only about 10% of

104 APWA Reporter August 2013 what they would actually need to models (curves) are used to predict each M&R strategy, as shown in Figure properly maintain their pavement pavement deterioration over the next 2. The prediction and decision process networks. few years. Knowing the predictions for is repeated for all years. The result is Year 1, the decision algorithm is used a list of M&R projects for each year of • Decision tree or algorithm: this is to select the appropriate M&R strategy the multi-year plan. Agencies use this needed to select one M&R strat- for each pavement section included as their starting point in scheduling egy over the others; it is called a in the database. The annual budget M&R projects. decision tree because the selection is generally less than what would is based on more than just one be needed to address all pavements factor: Traditional M&R Strategies in the network at a given time and While pavement management • pavement surface and struc- therefore M&R costs will be calculated proved to be an effective approach ture (flexible, rigid, compos- to see how many of the pavement to maintain or improve the overall ite, etc.) sections that need M&R will actually condition of pavement networks, • importance (usually given to be planned to receive it in Year 1. The most agencies limit the number of pavements with higher traf- rest of the sections will be deferred to M&R strategies to the few they are fic; however, in far too many Year 2, or subsequent years. It is not familiar with. In the most general cases, importance is based on unusual for some sections to never be case, agencies include some type of political reasons) planned for M&R if annual budgets preventive maintenance treatment for are low. pavements in good condition followed • pavement condition at the by thin overlay and thick overlay as time of analysis For Year 2, predictions for pavement traditional rehabilitation treatments. • other agency-specific factors deterioration are made again. “Mill and fill” or “mill and overlay” is However, for sections that received also typical, especially in urban areas When all the above are in place, M&R in Year 1 the models are reset where final grades have to match the starting from the current pavement to a new starting point depending on original because of existing curb and condition (Year 0), performance the immediate and long-term effect of gutter. When the pavement condition

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 105 falls below a certain threshold, distressed surface of an existing degree of cracking that would reconstruction is usually the only pavement before overlay. normally require removal of option. This classic approach is the cracked surface and a thick • Hot In-Place Recycling (HIR) is overlay. Instead, the top portion illustrated in Figure 1 (page 108). the process of heating and soft- of the existing pavement is recy- ening the existing asphalt pave- cled, cracks are discontinued and Recycling and Reclaiming Strategies ment, typically with a rejuvenat- a thin overlay is usually applied In the most simple decision trees, PCI ing agent, followed by mixing, over CR. When all operations are ranges alone are used to select the placing and compaction. HIR performed in place, the process M&R strategy, as shown in Figure 1. will correct oxidation (aging) and is known as Cold In-Place Recy- However, agencies should not limit minor cracking and other defects cling or CIR. The process is sche- their M&R options to overlays and confined to the surface of the matically illustrated in Figure 6 surface seals. Pavement recycling and pavement. The “surface recycling (page 109). reclaiming strategies are cost-effective, and remixing” HIR process is environmentally-friendly alternatives schematically illustrated in Figure • Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) is to classic M&R: 4 (page 108). An integral overlay the rehabilitation technique in is included in the “repave” meth- which the full thickness of the • Cold Planing (CP) is the con- od which is illustrated in Figure 5 asphalt layer(s) and a predeter- trolled removal of an existing (page 109). mined portion of the underlying pavement to a desired depth, materials (base, subbase and/ • Cold Recycling (CR) reuses longitudinal profile, and cross- or subgrade) is uniformly pul- the existing asphalt concrete slope, using specially designed verized and blended to provide by milling to a depth of 2 to 4 equipment. The process is sche- an upgraded, homogenous road inches, mixing the millings with matically illustrated in Figure 3 base. An asphalt overlay is usu- recycling agent and paving and (page 108). CP can be used to ally placed as the wearing sur- compacting the cold-recycled restore friction, reduce roughness face. FDR completely eliminates mix. CR has been successfully or to eliminate the oxidized and existing cracks and produces a used on pavements with a higher

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106 06_June_Henderson_HalfPageAd.indd APWA Reporter August 1 2013 5/8/2013 2:14:38 PM stronger road base as illustrated strategies are likely to cost about the will provide the cost and performance in Figure 7 (page 109). same amount. Oftentimes, decisions information necessary to calibrate and can be made simply by knowing which fine tune these values to an agency’s Most agencies are simply not familiar alternative is likely to cost less and not specific conditions. with these strategies and lack the infor- necessarily the exact amounts. Agen- mation necessary to include recycling cies should contact contractors and and reclaiming in the M&R toolbox. Final Strategy Selection material suppliers to obtain actual esti- Figure 8 (page 109) shows typical PCI It is well known that choosing an M&R mates of the costs of each treatment. ranges to include in PMS decision strategy based solely on PCI values trees. Although no exact numbers are is not necessarily the best approach. The fourth column of Table 1 shows given, the boundaries of the general Strategy selection based on PCI values a rough estimate of the extension in pavement condition categories are is acceptable in a network-level analy- pavement life, in years. Like with any shown: very good, good, fair, poor, and sis because the ultimate purpose is to other maintenance and rehabilitation very poor. estimate the level of funding needed treatments, these estimates are only for M&R. Unfortunately, some agencies valid when the appropriate strategy is As shown in Figure 8, there is overlap blindly apply the recommendations applied to the right pavement at the between the condition ranges where of the multi-year plan without per- right time. recycling and reclaiming strategies can forming a more detailed, project-level be applied. Cold planing may be used analysis. Finally, an overall “green” ranking of on “good” pavements to restore fric- the different strategies is shown in the tion or on “fair” pavements to remove The project-level analysis should last column of Table 1. Green globes distress close to the surface. CP may involve as a minimum a visual in- are used to identify sustainable, envi- also be used on poor and very poor vestigation of distress and gathering ronmentally friendly strategies, that: pavements to remove the damaged information on the existing pavement structure (possibly through coring or asphalt concrete at the surface before • Generate less greenhouse gases from existing plans) and traffic. How- another M&R strategy is applied. HIR • Use less fuel/energy ever, many agencies lack the resources would be used primarily on pavements • Recycle the existing pavement for this very important step. When a in the good and fair categories where materials consultant is hired to develop pave- distress is confined to the surface. • Reduce waste ment rehabilitation recommendations, Cold recycling can go deeper into • Reduce the need for virgin most often the consultant will provide the pavement to interrupt cracks and materials one rehabilitation solution only and restore the integrity of the top layers no reference to sustainability. Public of a pavement structure. FDR is the Sustainability involves more than be- agencies serve the public and should green alternative to reconstruction ing “green.” It involves thinking long- have a strong commitment to sustain- and should be applied to pavements in term, with future generations in mind. ability. As a result, a minimum number poor and very poor condition. I would like to challenge you, the reader, to stop thinking in terms of 20 of rehabilitation alternatives should always be required or developed before The other key information needed or 40 years design life. Instead, start de- selecting a final strategy. Of the pro- to integrate recycling and reclaiming signing for generations: three, four or posed alternatives, at least one should strategies in a pavement management more generations. This translates into specifically address sustainability. system is the cost of each treatment design lives of 100 years and more. You and the effect on pavement perfor- will see then that preservation, recy- The final decision will likely take mance. While costs are known to fluc- cling, and life-cycle cost analysis ought into account the immediate cost, the tuate with time, the relative difference to be part of your solution. life-cycle cost, the immediate impact in cost between different M&R strate- on pavement condition and the envi- gies is likely to stay the same. Estimates The values and ratings provided in ronment, and the expected life exten- of these relative differences in cost are Table 1 are rough estimates based on sion. In addition, the long-term envi- provided in Table 1 (page 109). engineering judgment and experience. ronmental, social and economic im- Agencies can use the table as a guide- pact should also be weighed in. What While the table cannot be used to es- line to estimate relative differences in will be the impact of your decision on timate the absolute cost of a strategy, cost, life extension and effects on the future generations and their ability to dollar signs are used to show the rela- environment associated with tradi- live and prosper in a healthy world? tive difference in cost between strate- tional maintenance and rehabilitation gies. More dollar signs should be inter- strategies as well as recycling and re- Dragos Andrei can be reached at (909) preted as “more expensive.” The same claiming. With time, periodic updates 869-2487 or [email protected]. number of dollar signs indicates that of the pavement management system

August 2013 APWA Reporter 107 Figure 1: Effect of M&R on pavement condition Figure 2: Classic M&R strategies and decision criteria

Figure 3: Schematic of cold planing (CP) process

Figure 4: Schematic of surface recycling and remixing HIR process

108 APWA Reporter August 2013 Figure 5: Schematic of the repave HIR process Figure 6: Schematic of cold in place recycling (CIR) process

Figure 7: Schematic of full depth reclamation (FDR) process Figure 8: Pavement recycling and reclaiming strategies for different PCI levels

Table 1. Comparison of M&R Strategies

August 2013 APWA Reporter 109 How composting programs can save municipalities money

Kyle Hanson Geological Engineer Presto Geosystems Appleton, Wisconsin

early every municipality to haul their materials to the site. landfill waste. Backyard composting across the United States In some cases, the municipality programs typically involve a currently has some form provides pickup. However, the best municipality providing compost of a composting initiative. systems use “backyard composting,” bins to residents at a subsidized cost These initiatives keep unnecessary which beneficially reuses the waste or even no charge. Municipalities waste such as leaves, grass and food materials. With ever-tightening typically set up compost programs in excess out of landfills while providing budgets, municipal backyard one of three ways: dark, rich, organic soil for residential composting programs are a great gardening. Typical composting is way for communities to become 1. Pass on the complete cost of the performed at a municipal yard and more environmentally conscious compost bin to residents residents expend fuel and time while saving money by decreasing 2. Charge residents a portion of the total cost 3. Pay the complete amount of the compost bin for residents

Depending on the details of the local composting program, the participation rate, and the tipping fees charged in the area, payback periods may vary, but are routinely a year or less. As an example, we examine Waunakee, a village of 12,295 residents in south-central Wisconsin. Other than being “The Only Waunakee in the World,” and difficult to pronounce, it is a typical Wisconsin village.

Using the average citizen waste of 4.43 pounds per day estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau, a landfill tipping fee of $48 per ton from the Dane County Department of Public Works, Highway and Transportation and a relatively low compost bin use rate of 16%, it is easy to calculate the savings for the municipality (see Figure 1 for payback calculation results). It Figure 1: Composting Cost Savings spreadsheet. Green values are input based is recommended that Waunakee on municipality demographics and known values. Orange cells represent cost purchase 950 compost bins for its savings and payback periods. To access the complete composting payback residents based on the number of calculation visit www.geobin123.com/for-municipalities. citizens per household and the

110 APWA Reporter August 2013 compost bin usage rate. Assuming the http://www.epa.gov/waste/nonhaz/ Wright, Shawn. “Tipping Fees purchase price for the compost bins municipal/index.htm Vary across the U.S.” Waste & to be $18.50 each and the program Recycling News : Login. Waste is set up with no cost to residents “USA QuickFacts from the US Census and Recycling News, 20 July (municipality subsidizes entire cost of Bureau.” USA QuickFacts from the US 2012. Web. 27 Mar. 2013. http:// bins) the payback to the municipality Census Bureau. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. www.wasterecyclingnews. is less than one year with an initial http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/ com/article/20120720/ cost of $17,575. If the residents of states/00000.html NEWS01/120729997/tipping-fees- Waunakee were to co-pay $5 each vary-across-the-u-s for their compost bins the program payback from decreased tipping fees would be roughly eight months with an initial cost of $12,825. The calculations do not include decreased Bituminous Road Oil & Asphalt Emulsifier gas/vehicle maintenance for municipal trucks to the landfill which CLEAN IT UP lead to even more cost savings for the Your job's not complete participating municipality. until your equipment is clean.

As communities seek to save money, Make your life easier — yet provide for the need of their Melts away asphalt and bituminous road oils residents, “backyard composting” used in paving, road oiling, chip-seal, programs offer a great way to draw slurry-seal, and seal-coating operations. attention to sustainable initiatives within the community. This analysis Equipment versatility — was created by Presto Geosystems, Keep your vehicles, asphalt oil distributors, paving the manufacturer of the Geobin® machines, compactors, striping equipment, cones, compost bin. The full version of this barrels, barricades, and concrete curbing looking their best! analysis can be downloaded from www.Geobin123.com. Environmentally responsible — 100% biodegradable; more aggressive than diesel and safer to use. Kyle Hanson can be reached at (920) Easy, application process 738-1743 or kyle.hanson@prestogeo. — Clean in just minutes! Use a light coating on tools to prevent asphalt sticking and build-up. com.

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Municipal Solid Waste. EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, www.rhomar.com 15 Nov. 2012. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. [email protected]

August 2013 APWA Reporter 111 Can catch basin maintenance lead to more mosquitoes?

Justin Harbison, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Public Health Sciences Loyola University of Chicago

ust when many of us thought the control programs whose job it is to fervor surrounding mosquitoes reduce numbers of mosquitoes that and West Nile virus (WNV) had can transmit the disease. finally gone away for good, in 2012 we saw the second highest Since early mosquito control efforts number of human cases in the in the United States began over a country since it was first found in century ago to combat malaria and the United States in 1999 (5,397 yellow fever, mosquito control efforts cases according to the Centers for have target the polluted waters of Disease Control and Prevention). belowground catch basins and sumps, Because slightly over half of these a common source of these pests. cases were the rarer and more severe For example, in the Chicago, Ill., form of the disease generally believed metropolitan region, storm drains and to occur in about one in 150 of all catch basins are the primary source WNV infections the actual number of of Culex mosquitoes (the main vector people infected (but not tested) may species or transmitter of WNV). As well have been something closer to such, mosquito control efforts in this 430,000. Although 2012 may have area focus almost exclusively treating reminded some people that WNV is hundreds of thousands of catch basins still here it isn’t news to the mosquito with larvicides (pesticides that target aquatic mosquito larvae and pupae). Aquatic mosquito stages (larvae and Figure 2: Maintenance of a catch basin pupae) flourish catch basins in part with a vactor truck. because captured organic debris such as leaf litter and grass clippings can create food sources for them, mosquitoes is rainfall. Immediately yet the polluted waters also make after several days of heavy rains far it difficult for natural predators like fewer mosquitoes tend to be found mosquitofish and dragonfly nymphs in these structures likely having been to survive. To combat these “catch flushed out of the basins and through basin mosquitoes,” mosquito control the stormwater conveyance systems. programs often place a single briquette A caveat with this phenomenon is or tablet of larvicide in each basin, that although heavy rains may reduce ideally only once or twice a season mosquitoes they also increase the (Figure 1). Since these larvicides have need for catch basin maintenance been developed to theoretically last by inundating these and associated three to six months, they’re typically structures with runoff and debris. placed in basins in late spring and Generally the responsibility for early summer to get the most coverage maintenance is delegated to local during the mosquito season. public works departments to contract out or perform in-house. Commonly But sometimes Mother Nature helps this comes in the form of vacuum- Figure 1: A mosquito control out too. Aside from routine larvicide removal of water and debris by one or technician applying a bacterial-based treatments another thing that has more vactor trucks (Figure 2). larvicide to a catch basin. been associated with fewer catch basin

112 APWA Reporter August 2013 There is no doubt that routine monitoring saw mosquito numbers control agencies service multiple catch basin cleaning is important increase in treated basins that had municipalities (as many do) and for the continued function of local been cleaned to levels statistically need to interact with a number of stormwater systems but it also can the same as untreated basins. It different public works departments. create difficulties for mosquito became quite obvious that during Ideally, from the mosquito control abatement. Recently a small study the catch basin maintenance the perspective, catch basin cleaning in a Chicago suburb investigating larvicide was removed along with should be performed early in the the efficacy of a catch basin larvicide the runoff and debris, essentially mosquito season (in the spring provided further evidence of these eliminating the months-long months) before mosquito numbers challenges. For the first seven weeks protection of the treatment. These increase significantly. However, if of this 14-week study 20 larvicide- results support what many mosquito coordinated with the local mosquito treated basins and 20 untreated control programs have believed for a control agency and within a basins were monitored for mosquito long time: catch basin maintenance reasonable time frame, larvicide larvae and pupae. Not surprisingly can indeed lead to more mosquitoes, treatments may be postponed to later treated basins consistently held likely depending on the time of year in the season until after maintenance fewer mosquito larvae and pupae and location. occurs. than untreated basins. However, midway through the study and Obviously avoiding catch basin While clearly there will be after a number of consecutive rainy maintenance won’t solve this circumstances that require days and street flooding the local problem, particularly given the emergency cleanings in addition to village’s public works department hugely important and necessary routine maintenance, coordination initiated the cleaning of most of function catch basins and of both maintenance and larvicide their catch basins. This included stormwater systems have in treatments can save time, money the 20 untreated basins and 14 removing floodwaters. What has and effort. Many public works of the treated basins of the study. been suggested and seen success departments and local mosquito A few days after cleaning, all 34 in some areas is an increase in control agencies already do this cleaned basins held water and 23 communication and coordination but it is important that this kind of (about 68%) held mosquito larvae among public works and mosquito collaborative work continues as West and pupae again (Figure 3). Results control programs. This becomes Nile virus has become established of the remaining seven weeks of particularly critical when mosquito throughout the country. Often all it takes to get the process started is a simple phone call or e-mail to your local mosquito control program to get the conversation going. Just this simple gesture will be appreciated and help mosquito control and public works programs run more efficiently. You can find more about local mosquito programs from www. mosquito.org or from your local health departments.

Justin E. Harbison, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor of Public Health Sciences at Loyola University of Chicago specializing in environmental health and is a consultant to a local mosquito abatement district in the Chicago region. He can be reached at (708) 327-9058 or [email protected]. Figure 3: Results of monitoring 40 catch basins for mosquitoes in a Chicago suburb.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 113 A rescue team with the right stuff When your agency or project requires the use of an Emergency Rescue Service how do you ensure the team meets the standard of care for Technical Life Rescue and Emergency Response? Daniel J. O’Connell, CHMM, CHCM, CHST, REPA Director Rescue, Environmental Health and Safety SAFETRAN, LLC Fremont, California

henever your employees and personal protective equipment to function appropriately while rescuing or vendors are required to (PPE) would follow. Depending upon entrants from the particular permit space enter and work in Permit the situation, if your team includes or types of permit spaces identified.” Required Confined Space Emergency Medical Technicians (PRCS), the responsibilities of public (EMTs), a review of emergency medical Technical Rescue and Fire Depart- works managers and supervisors takes equipment and supplies such as ment Involvement on new meaning. oxygen, first aid-CPR, and external Over the past few decades, public defibrillation may be in order. The agencies and industry have come to Depending on the particular objective of the review should include rely upon their local fire department requirements, resources, funding and regular documentation of team for questions and help with confined policy for your agency or operation, efficiency, skills, equipment, training, space rescue. These special services employee rescue is a complex and credentials, and suitability, hopefully would begin with a call and dispatch demanding issue. As employees enter circumventing use of an incompetent by the fire department, of a highly and work in confined spaces, deep- service provider. trained rescue team to your site. angular pipelines, tunnels or high- elevation locations, special technical The Standard of Care for Profes- Arriving by fire truck with loads of rescue teams with these skill sets are sional Rescuers established and professional gear, these specialists were required to ensure the protection of codified by OSHA commonly referred to as a technical your staff. Federal OSHA section 1910.146(k) rescue or standby team. Although not (1)(ii), mandates, “An employer who every firehouse has a contingency In addition, a special inventory of designates rescue and emergency services, of confined space rescuers, as these technical rescue equipment, team pursuant to paragraph (d)(9) of this services were deployed, the technical certification and training are required section, shall evaluate a prospective rescue life rescue team provided more than and must be updated regularly. Some service’s ability, in terms of proficiency fire suppression, the standard scope agency legal departments have opted- with rescue-related tasks and equipment, of most fire departments. Although out of rescue for their staff, deciding to leave the heavy lifting to outside service providers. Many have found that managing an in-house rescue team is far too complicated, laden with risk and beyond the scope of their operations.

How to ensure the provider meets the standard of care for technical rescue If your designated rescue team is an in-house type or one that is outsourced, making a determination about your rescue provider’s skill set, proficiency, credentials and suitability is very important. Once this process is underway, an examination of rescue equipment (cache), respiratory, SAFETRAN Rescue Technicians on standby at a Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) project, San Jose, CA

114 APWA Reporter August 2013 after years of compounding reductions, will certainly have a severe impact on our service level to the community.” Another example of dwindling special services includes a statement from a local fire department official, as she explained, “Our department can no longer afford to tie up an entire engine company to perform non-emergency services.”

Dawn of the Independents As fire departments were forced to reduce operating budgets, it had affected many special non- emergency services. As Aristotle said, “Nature abhors a vacuum,” so as the SAFETRAN Rope Rescue Team on standby at East Bay Municipal Utility District entrepreneurs answered the call by (EBMUD) “02-Towers,” Oakland, CA establishing independent technical rescue teams, the dawn of a new not a standby team, a popular 1973 including stand-by rescue have been service industry was born. Many of television series entitled “Emergency” curtailed, thanks mainly to economic today’s teams are staffed by off-duty provided an overview of emergency woes, fire service budgets, layoffs, and or retired fire service professionals, rescue team operations. Created station brownouts. As a Mesa City Fire but not all. A keyword search on the by writer/producer Jack Webb, the Department official recently said, “A Internet of “confined space rescue show portrayed a fictionalized team budget reduction of this magnitude team” displays 200,000 hits. of rescue/paramedics from “Station 51” of the Los Angeles County Fire Department, saving citizens from The BMP SNOUT® Separating a peril. Dirty World from Clean Water since 1999

Over the last decade, when an agency needed a confined space team, historically contact would have to be made with the local fire department, requesting a standby team. It was not unusual for agencies to incorporate fire department memorandums of understanding (MOUs) into written emergency response plans. Many private firms also designated fire departments as the official responding agency. Frankly, it was comforting to know that the big red fire truck would pull up at a fixed time and location, with a team of highly trained responders and all the special equipment. Speci ed and Trusted by Stormwater

MADE IN THE U.S.A. Engineers more than 50,000 Times Emergency Support Services Curtailed Best Management Products, Inc. Over the past decade or so, these specialty services provided by our local 800-504-8008 www.bmpinc.com firefighters have drastically changed. US Patents 6126817, 7857966, 7951294 Canada Patent 2285146, others pending Most non-emergency services

August 2013 APWA Reporter 115 Medical Technicians (EMT) on the articles/2010/02/17/20100217mesa- crew. Should a confined space entrant fire-trucks-off-streets0217.html#ix- be injured or affected while working zz2XnuJEFb1 or surveying a confined space, the first order of business (after removal NFPA1006 Standard For Techni- or retrieval) is immediate emergency cal Rescuer Professional Qualifi- medical care. Entrants are triaged to cations, National Fire Protection determine if an exposure or injury Association (NFPA) http://www. has taken place; care is then provided. nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/ Confined space rescuers who are document-information-pages?- Emergency Medical Technicians mode=code&code=1006&Doc- (EMT) can provide basic life Num=1006 Division Chief O’Connell (left, in black) support (BLS) directly on the scene. directs a Confined Space Training Many professional teams mandate Center for Domestic Preparedness for Alameda Power and Telecom, Emergency Medical Technician (EMTs) (CDP), per US Department of Home- Alameda, CA certification, and are considered land Security (FEMA) http://cdp.dhs. mission critical for confined space gov/ In 1994, an effort was made to rescue operations. establish a national guidance Emergency, Station 51, Emergency document for professional rescue. The In addition, today’s state-of-the- Productions, Mark VII Ltd., Universal National Fire Protection Association art technical rescue teams have an TV, 1973-1979 Standards Council established a ever-increasing need to perform technical committee tasked with rope-access-rescue, as part of their California Specialized Training Insti- the development of a new standard retinue. Simply setting up a tripod tute (CSTI) http://www.calema.ca.gov/ for technical rescue. In 2003 NFPA and winch (retrieval) may work for CSTI/Pages/CSTI.aspx published the 1006 Standard For a basic industrial setting, but should Technical Rescuer Professional the entry portal configuration block California Emergency Management Qualifications. And according to NFPA, or restrict rescuers, other methods Agency Training Division, (Cal-EMA) “The purpose of the standard is to and technologies must be employed http://www.calema.ca.gov/Trainingan- specify the minimum job performance and may include rope rescue and dExercises/Pages/Training.aspx requirements (JPRs) necessary for fire special equipment. Rope rescue service and other emergency response is a complex discipline requiring Pro-Board Certification®, Pro Board personnel who perform technical specialized training, and know-how Fire Service Professional Qualifications rescue operations.” In the 2013 with rated, inspected equipment; System http://theproboard.org/ edition, a total of 14 separate rescue there are also OSHA regulations that disciplines (from cave to tunnel) are govern the use of ropes for industrial Daniel J. O’Connell is a Board Certified included in the Technical Rescue rescue. When considering a rescue Safety Professional, and Director of Professional Qualification Standard team, please make safe decisions and Technical Rescue for SAFETRAN, LLC; established by NFPA. choose your rescue team carefully, as he can be reached at (510) 894-0229 the protection of your employees, staff or [email protected]. CSRS and One of the hallmarks of a professional and vendors are at stake. SAFETRAN are certified State and rescue team is legitimate certification Federal Emergency Responders providing and training. In California and RESOURCES: Technical Rescue Services to government other states, several agencies and and private industry since 1999; CSRS certification boards exist in support Federal OSHA Standard, section rescue team members EMTs, trained. of this effort: State Fire Marshal, Cal- §1910.146(k)(1)(ii), Rescue Team or EMA, Offices of Emergency Services, Rescue Service Evaluation Criteria Team members certified by US California Specialized Training http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/ow- Department of Homeland Security Institute (CSTI), US Department of adisp.show_document?p_table=STAN- (CDP-FEMA), Cal-EMA, Pro-Board, and Homeland Security (CDP-FEMA), and DARDS&p_id=9797 California Specialized Training Institute Pro-Board Certification®. (CSTI). Major cut may be coming to Mesa In Conclusion Fire Department, Arizona Repub- To learn more about SAFETRAN-CSRS Today, many professional rescue teams lic, February 17, 2010 http://www. visit us on the internet http://www. include the addition of Emergency azcentral.com/community/mesa/ safetransafety.com

116 APWA Reporter August 2013 Catalog Available brandonindustries.com Commercial Lighting Wayfinding Signs Decorative Street & Traffic Signs 800.247.1274

Streetscapes are an integral part of communities and the benefits are long-reaching. Research shows well-planned wayfinding, street signs and proper lighting can increase visitation by reinforcing your city is organized, safe and caring. When visitors can easily find their way around, they are STREETSCAPE more likely to return. 1601 Wilmeth Road, McKinney, TX 75069 Construction Best Practices Lessons Learned – P6™ – Resource Planning for the Beginner

Charlie Jackson, PSP VP Primavera Services Hill International Las Vegas, Nevada

comprehensive schedule Resources in Primavera P6™ are defined are measured using units/time while must take into consideration at the Enterprise or corporate level, Material resource types are measured resource capacity planning. meaning they are available across all using custom units of measure (estab- Many contract documents projects. Resources can be analyzed lished globally). In Primavera P6™, require the schedule to be cost and/ across all projects in the database or for each resource should have a default or resource loaded. If the contract doc- a single project. It is important to set up units/time that is used when initially uments require the use of Primavera a resource structure to avoid corruption assigning the resource. Each resource P6™, it is important for the beginner of other projects in the database and/or should have a defined Maximum Units scheduler to know how to effectively to avoid corruption of data transferred per given time period (typically days) to load and plan resource hours/units and from one Primavera database to another determine whether a resource is over- or understand the myriad of options with- and/or from another scheduling soft- under-allocated. in the P6™ resource utility. ware system such as Microsoft Project™. Within each resource detail settings Primavera P6™ contains several features Resource structure within P6™ is hierar- it should also be determined whether that assist in establishing a well-defined chical for organizational requirements. the actual units will be actualized as resource plan while efficiently man- This structure can provide organization its assigned activity is progressed (Auto aging resource allocations. However, for either internal or external resources Compute Actuals) and whether the ac- a new or inexperienced user would be or for those resources required by proj- tualized units will be used to calculate overwhelmed in the attempt to grasp ects. Project-required resources should the associated costs (Calculate costs these features defined at various levels be managed within the hierarchy with from units). Each resource can have up of the project and overall enterprise or- the project at the highest level. In order to five cost rates per given time period ganization without proper instruction. to maintain the integrity of resource set- (based on an Effective Date). At the ac- tings, the Resource ID should be specific tivity assignment level the cost rate can The scheduler must determine if the to the project by referencing the Project be overridden using the Rate Source op- purpose of the resource loading is for ID. tions (Resource, Role, Override). planning purposes only or if it will be used for updating and reporting. A Each user’s ability to access and assign Each resource can be assigned to either requirement for cost and/or resource resources is controlled by the system a Global calendar or a Resource calen- loading will be determined by the con- administrator through security and dar to define its availability. Resource tract documents and/or organizational user setup (Admin menu, Users). Access calendars are specific to the individual requirements; however, any compre- can be granted to all resources or based resource while the global calendars can hensive schedule should include re- on the resource hierarchical structure. be used across the enterprise at the re- source planning to assist in the review When creating new resources the sched- source, project, and activity levels. It is and analysis of the planned schedule. uler must define the resource attributes important to set up these global calen- This article will discuss resource load- that will be used to determine resource dar structures with a unique identifier ing for the purposes of planning. “The settings on future assignments. These (defining the calendar level and pur- goal of resource planning in Total Cost settings apply to all future assignments pose). Based on the activity type, a re- Management (TCM) is to ensure that la- and should not be altered afterwards. source calendar can be used to delineate bor, materials, tools, and consumables, the activity duration over time. which are often limited in availability There are three types of resources avail- or limited by density, are invested in a able in Primavera P6™: Labor, Non-La- Resource codes may be used to further project over time in a way that success- bor, and Material. The scheduler must organize resources. They are useful in fully, if not optimally, achieves project determine whether to load only one of grouping, sorting, and filtering resource objectives and requirements.”1 these resources, all of them, or a combi- data. Resource codes are created and nation. Labor and Non-labor resources assigned at the Enterprise level and are

118 APWA Reporter August 2013 available to all projects in the database. how they affect progressed durations. In ration based on the settings within the Resource Codes could be set up for CSI Primavera P6™, there are four Duration Project Details. Division, Business Unit, Company, Lo- Types to consider: cation, etc. to provide additional struc- Contractual and organizational require- ture beyond the resource hierarchy. • Fixed Duration and Units ments should be considered early on in • Fixed Duration and Units/Time defining the purpose of resource loading Prior to assigning resources the level (level of detail, units/costing, project of required detail for each activity and The last two Duration Types are typi- vs. global, etc.), setting up, and assign- resource should be clearly defined and cally used during the Initial Phase or ing resources using Primavera’s P6™ the schedule requirements for resource constructability phase to calculate du- application. Whether using high-level loading reviewed. Labor resources can rations based on either Budgeted Units resources or more detailed resources the be loaded for man-days, crews, or spe- or Units per Time. The Duration will majority of the configuration within the cific individuals. Based on allowed re- change only if Project Details, Resourc- application should be established before quirements, it is recommended to keep es tab, Drive activity dates by default making any assignments. Consideration the resource level of detail as simple as option is checked prior to the resource of reporting requirements can assist in possible using man-days and/or crews assignment. determining level of resource require- versus specific individual resources. ments and predefining resource settings • Fixed Units to provide a fully-loaded, successful re- Each project’s settings determine how • Fixed Units/Time source schedule. resource assignment actuals are cal- culated—whether Actual units/costs These settings are based on resource Charlie Jackson can be reached at (702) are added to Remaining to equal the definition and settings both at the re- 515-7490 or [email protected]. At Complete (i.e., T&M contracts) or source and project levels. The last two whether the actuals are subtracted from options, Fixed Units and Fixed Units/ 1 References: AACE International; At Complete to equal Remaining (i.e., Time (typically used to prepare a “con- TCM Framework, 2006 Fixed Price contracts). structability” schedule), calculate Du-

The scheduler must decide whether to use the activity’s actual duration percent complete to update the assignment ac- tuals (this option is only available for Fixed Duration activities) or to manu- ally input actuals using other applica- tions/options (i.e., Progress Reporter/Ap- ply Actuals). The link between costing changes and unit changes can also be turned off to allow for variance between costs and units (as mentioned previous- ly). If using Financial Periods, the sched- uler should decide whether the actuals for any given period are directly linked to overall actuals.

Before loading any resources into the project schedule, the scheduler should determine the activity type to use. There are six activity types within P6™ that define the role of the activity and the role of the resource. The scheduler must select the activity’s Duration Type in order to determine whether duration, scheduled quantities or production rates will determine activity progress. Defin- ing the activity Duration Type deter- mines the use of production rates and

August 2013 APWA Reporter 119 Mini-roundabouts in the United States The next wave of efficient intersection design

Wei Zhang, Ph.D., P.E., Intersection Safety R&D Program Manager, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Virginia; Jeffrey M. Stratmeyer, P.E., Chief Engineer, Harford County, Bel Air, Maryland; and William Stein, P.E., Safety Engineer, Federal Highway Administration, Minnesota Division, St. Paul, Minnesota; presenters, 2013 APWA Congress

n the U.S., a mini-roundabout 1969 after witnessing the numerous distances increase, and high-density is defined as a single-lane choke-up junctions during that housing developments continue roundabout with inscribed circular time. He continuously improved this to rise, more secondary roadway diameter (ICD) between 50 feet intersection design and introduced it intersections are experiencing and 90 feet. Mini-roundabouts have to many regions in UK and abroad. recurring congestions, more All-Way the same operational characteristics Mini-roundabouts are widely used in Stop Controlled (AWSC) intersections of regular-sized modern roundabouts. European countries and are considered are becoming bottlenecks, and more The defining feature that distinguishes one of the most efficient junction drivers on minor approaches of Two- a mini-roundabout from other types designs. However, it is still rare in the Way Stop Controlled intersections of roundabouts is its traversable U.S. are experiencing longer delays due central island (and splitter islands to ever-decreasing traffic gaps on in most cases). Frank Blackmore, a Today, many regions in the U.S. are major roads. At the same time, World War II veteran turned traffic experiencing system-wide traffic many transportation agencies are engineer at the Transport Research congestion on both primary and experiencing declining or leveling Laboratory of UK, invented the secondary roadway networks. As budgets for transportation system concept of mini-roundabout design in the urban centers grow, commute improvement, and escalating costs of

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120 APWA Reporter August 2013 construction (raw material, labor cost, and traffic control). How to increase the intersection capacity at low and reasonable costs is becoming an urgent issue. Under this circumstance, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) initiated an effort in 2009 to introduce the mini-roundabout design to the U.S. and is mainstreaming this junction design into the standard solutions toolbox.

FHWA produced a marketing video (http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Mr3QAKszLag) of mini- roundabouts, and developed design templates for junctions of two-lane by two-lane, two-lane by three-lane, and three-lane by three-lane roads in AutoCAD and MicroStation (templates available by contacting the authors). The U.S. mini-roundabouts are larger than the European counterparts, and emphasize more on raised central islands (rather than painted central islands). The conditions under which mini-roundabouts should be given favorable consideration include:

• Lower speed roads (35 mph). • Total entering traffic from all ap- proaches 1,600 veh/hr. • Junctions of two-lane or three-lane roads with restricted right-of-way. • Low truck and bus volumes.

A few successful mini-roundabout implementations in the U.S. demonstrated that when properly designed and constructed, mini- roundabouts can effectively unclog the bottlenecks on secondary roadway systems, improve safety for vehicular and pedestrian/bicycle traffic, and improve the intersection level of service from E or F to A at nominal 1. Tollgate & W. MacPhail Road, Bel for vehicles on minor roads to costs. Other benefits observed from Air, MD (Harford County) enter the intersection. The county FHWA mini-roundabout evaluation This intersection was a Two-Way has 20 modern roundabouts and sites include improved business Stop Controlled intersection. It is knew the capacity and safety of this environment at commercial centers near a Home Depot store and Upper type of junction design. Therefore and reduced emissions and noises. Chesapeake Hospital. Increased roundabout design is a natural choice Below are two mini-roundabout traffic to and from the expanding for this intersection improvement. examples: hospital made it increasingly difficult The original design was a regular-

August 2013 APWA Reporter 121 this mini-roundabout at a cost of $172,000. The construction took three weeks and was completed in September 2012. There was only one minor incident in almost nine months of operation. Speed measurements (Hi-Star sensors embedded on pavement surface) indicated that at 100 feet upstream of the entrances, more than 90% of the vehicles approached the intersection at 25 mph or less (compare to 35 mph to 40 mph approaching speed Figure 1. Mini-roundabout at Tollgate & W. MacPhail Road, Bel Air, MD under TWSC condition). The finished mini-roundabout has an ICD of 67 ft. sized modern roundabout that would did extensive online research, found require relocation of the utility the FHWA mini-roundabout design 2. SR 11 and SR 124, Jefferson, GA pole as shown in Figure 1, and that resource, and eventually came up This intersection was an All-Way alone would cost the county about with the mini-roundabout concept Stop Controlled intersection (it $400,000. A revised design would that would fit within the existing have the utility pole inside the intersection right-of-way. This design was a Two-Way Stop Controlled central island, and that was rejected was approved. The county staff intersection 6-7 years ago). by the legal department due to did the engineering design. A local Both roads are state routes with liability concerns. The county staff contractor won the bid to construct comparable traffic demands. On weekdays, a queue of about 50 cars on SR 11 southbound was typical during the afternoon peak period. GADOT District 1 Traffic Engineer Scott Zehngraff had experience with mini-roundabouts before. He utilized that knowledge to design this mini- roundabout and directed the district maintenance crew to construct it. The construction took nine days at a cost of $63,353. Queuing on SR 11 SB no longer exists after the mini- roundabout was opened to traffic on May 21, 2013. The finished mini- Software for Public Works roundabout has an ICD of 90 feet.

Key features to remember about mini-roundabouts:

1. Mini-roundabouts have much higher capacity than AWSC because a mini-roundabout can serve three to four vehicles a clear path to effective asset at a time whereas an AWSC intersection can only serve one and maintenance management to two vehicles at a time. To learn more, email [email protected]. 2. Mini-roundabouts cost www.lucity.com 800.492.2468 significantly less than other

122 APWA Reporter August 2013 vehicles. All other types of roundabouts that have non- traversable central islands must be designed to enable the top 2% largest vehicles to circulate the central island. This difference in design philosophy will translate into a sizable difference in right-of-way acquisition and construction costs.

The authors will present a session on this topic at the 2013 APWA Congress in Chicago, Illinois. Their session is entitled “Mini-Roundabouts: Design and Operation Experience in the United States” and takes place on Tuesday, August 27, at 3:45 p.m. Wei Zhang can be reached at (202) 483-3317 or [email protected]; Jeffery Stratmeyer Figure 2. Mini-roundabout at SR 11 and SR 124, Jefferson (Jackson County), GA can be reached at (410) 638-3509 or (Photo credit to Scott Zehngraff, GADOT District 1 Traffic Engineer) [email protected]; and William Stein can be reached at types of roundabouts because vans) to circulate the central (651) 291-6122 or William.stein@dot. mini-roundabouts are designed island, and leave the raised gov. for 98% of the vehicles central island fully mountable (passenger cars, SUVs, and to accommodate the 2% largest

City Engineer Organization: City of Eau Claire, WI Job Category: Engineering and Technology Job Type: Full Time Country: USA State/Province: Wisconsin (WI) City: Eau Claire Salary and Benefits: $83,931 to $109,199 DOQ Post Date: 06/28/2013

The City of Eau Claire, Wisconsin (pop. 66,000), a university community in northwest Wisconsin, is seeking qualified candidates for the professional position of City Engineer. This position is responsible for the administration and direction of all engineering personnel and facilities for the Department of Community Maintenance Services, and for providing a wide variety of engineering services. Desirable qualifications include a minimum of eight years of experience in municipal engineering, three years of supervisory experience and a college degree in Civil Engineering. Registration as a Professional Engineer by the State of Wisconsin is required. Salary range is $83,931 to $109,199 annually DOQ. The application form and job description is available on the City website at www.eauclairewi.gov/jobs. Deadline for applications is August 15, 2013. Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.

LINK: http://www.apwa.net/workzone/career/25999/City-Engineer-Wisconsin-Wi-Eau-Claire

August 2013 APWA Reporter 123 “I recently saw a more about cool roofs, and there are from high school nor have reference to a ‘cool roof’ a variety of types of cool roofs, you earned GEDs. Our HR people program. What exactly can check out the New York City web are not willing to take 10 or 20 is a cool roof?” page at http://www.nyc.gov/html/ years of actual experience to coolroofs/html/how/how.shtml. offset not having the piece of Sounds like something paper that says they are more from a bygone era when “As I was driving across qualified because of minimal folks were chillin’ out and the country recently, I education levels than others. seeing things that weren’t saw what looked like Is anyone else having these there, doesn’t it! Not so. The premise an unmanned mower issues?” of a “cool roof” is that painting a operating on the sides of some roof white will save on energy costs. highways. Is this for real?” The requirement of Sounds almost too simple and too high school or GED good to be true. However, several Yes, it sure is. The graduation has long been cities across the country have proved Missouri Department of a standard requirement successful in reducing energy costs Transportation is utilizing on employment applications. And, as much as 15 percent on buildings a remote-controlled robot yes, it can prove frustrating. Since that get the treatment. The special to mow the grass on the rights-of- it’s not likely that we can resolve paint is reflective, meaning heat is way. To mow the grass, a MoDOT the many issues with this in this deflected rather than absorbed by employee steers the robotic mower column, I will share a new program the roofs. It can reduce the internal with a remove control which can titled “WorkKeys” that seems to building temperature by up to 20 be used up to 500 feet from the be gaining some momentum in percent, lowering its energy costs. robot. The four-blade robotic mower several areas. WorkKeys assessments According to the Pennsylvania increases safety by allowing crews to measure real-world skills employers Environmental Council, the mow steep embankments without believe are critical to job success cooling effect can even spread to putting a crew member on a mower such as exams to measure a person’s neighboring areas. They found that that could tip over. Those using the skills and career readiness in areas urban environments, asphalts and robot indicated that because the like understanding and following dark-colored roofs, tend to trap heat. robot is so low to the ground, there workplace procedures, teamwork They have determined that as more is little turnover ratio compared to a and comprehension. By measuring and more buildings are adopting this full-sized mower. Missouri launched a person’s potential to learn and technology, less of this heat island the robot mower program this spring perform well in a certain job, effect should be occurring in these and it is among the first DOTs to test employers can help reduce turnover cities. In Pittsburgh, volunteers are it. We’ll watch for final results and and training costs as well as the being sought to join Public Works report them later this fall. amount of time it takes to find staff in painting ten roofs on city- the right people—the reason is owned buildings with eco-friendly “Our city is having that less motivated job candidates white paint. This is approximately difficult recruiting aren’t as likely to apply when they 50,000 square feet of roof space, and the right people for realize they have to take a battery it is anticipated to lower the city’s our entry-level, high- of tests. The City of Albuquerque, carbon dioxide emissions by up to 50 turnover positions. Many of our N.M., was chosen as a pilot city tons. If you’re interested in learning residents have not graduated for implementing WorkKeys at the

124 APWA Reporter August 2013 government level. The City’s policy in hiring bus and van drivers was one to two years of experience in customer service and a high school diploma. Then the new hire had up to six months to work at the city’s transit department where they would train every day to get a Commercial Driver’s License and be able to drive the buses. They found that New Mexico doesn’t require a high school diploma for a CDL for operating Global Leader in Managing Risk trash trucks, so requiring the diploma restricted a whole potential recruitment base. It is anticipated • Project Scheduling that results will be realized in the first few months including reduction Projects • Remote in hiring time, turnover reduction • On Site and increased efforts to get new employees from entry level to Controls • Delay Analysis effective level (a level where workers • Training and can do their jobs effectively without Specialists additional supervision). Implementation • Primavera P6 EPPM WorkKeys assessments can be utilized for entry level jobs to senior • PMWEb executive level jobs. Most employers (Product Info @ HillPCI.com) have realized that filling a position with someone who meets the “qualifications” but doesn’t have the aptitude to fit into the customer Oracle Primavera Certified service elements needed for both the employer and the employee to be West Coast Regional Headquarters successful, can often lead to a rapid 10801 W. Charleston Suite 650 turnover with lost time and money spent on the recruitment process. Las Vegas, NV 89135 If you’re interested in previewing the WorkKeys program, you can www.hillintl.com visit their website at www.act.org/ workkeys/assess. 702-515-7490

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 125 Highway 54 Expressway project

Gary Lalumandier Vice President Bloomsdale Excavating Bloomsdale, Missouri

henever a new roadway requirements, the project needed a assistance in evaluating the feasibility is constructed, rarely technically sound excavation plan of leaving a portion of the existing does one think about the in order to adhere to those strict rock intact within a proposed ramp. foundation that must timelines and specifications. Additionally, Bloomsdale’s engineers be laid perfectly before the roadway’s suggested utilizing the larger capacity, concrete is poured. Without a proper The high-profile nature of the higher horsepower excavators/wheel foundation the entire structural Highway 54 Expressway project, loaders and haul units on projects integrity of the road is at risk. In most driven by public demand, required with significant topographic relief cases, before the materials are laid, an aggressive production schedule to that would substantially reduce the the ground has to be prepared in be implemented. In order to meet the haul cycle times, resulting in lower order to accept and support a healthy project’s firm timeline requirements unit cost to move the material. structure. The Missouri Department and schedule, the excavation plan Establishing and maintaining safe of Transportation (MoDOT) Highway was designed to optimize resources, sturdy haul routes was critical to 54 Expressway project is an example managing subcontractors and safely being able to utilize the larger of how important a properly planned handling traffic concerns. The project construction equipment efficiently and executed preconstruction utilized MoDOT’s traditional project throughout the duration of the groundwork excavation is to a delivery method, design-bid-build. In project. After reviewing the redesign project. an effort to assist MoDOT in meeting plans proposed by the excavation the project’s budget, excavating engineers, MoDOT approved the The Highway 54 Expressway project engineers reviewed and provided concept and the design was modified, brought multiple challenges. The proposed Highway 54 Expressway project and adjacent private development were located in an area of significant topographic relief, typical of the Missouri Ozark region. The project demanded a great deal of work from our in-house professional design staff which in turn enabled us to develop a game plan to efficiently excavate and place the 1.5 million cubic yards of material prior to beginning construction. In addition to the geographic challenges the project also had multiple stringent guidelines including schedule requirements and environmental restrictions. The project required complete grading work for the construction of a 1.7-mile corridor of the Highway 54 Expressway and, in order to meet MoDOT’s A 65-ton truck used to haul part of the total 1,587,681 cubic yards of earth strict guidelines and specification excavated during the project

126 APWA Reporter August 2013 which resulted in a cost savings to the project and compressed the overall schedule.

In addition to the project’s strict timeline, there were additional environmental challenges beyond that of traditional excavation and groundwork. To complete the project, the ground needed to be cleared and grubbed of 39 acres of timber before the March 31 Indiana bat tree deadline, a rule that restricts the felling of trees between April 1 and September 30, while the endangered Indiana bat gives birth under the loose bark on large trees. The project called for the excavation of 1,587,681 cubic yards of earth and Close-up of the blasting and scaling of the exposed 100-foot +/- vertical rock rock, compact 561,571 cubic yards faces on the Highway 54 Expressway project of embankment in roadway fills and place 1,020,000 cubic yards of excess fill into the development site. The blasting also posed additional Bloomsdale Excavating has always challenges because Bloomsdale deployed field supervisors that The main production crew excavated wanted the final product to have a have all the experience and tools the shot rock material, including clean, finished look. To achieve this necessary to efficiently monitor an equipment spread of 65-ton finished polished look, the exposed cost and progress in real time. It is rigid frame haul trucks, a 1,200-size rock in this area required extensive extremely important on a project excavator, multiple large dozers, scaling, precise pre-splits for rock with a substantial quantity of Class and various support equipment. cuts, and benched for cosmetic and A and Class C to know where the The ability to have access to larger stability reasons. project is at the end of the day. The equipment allowed Bloomsdale to varying shrink/swell factors with a proceed aggressively with bidding When the traveling public sees a slight change of quantity can quickly the material haul and allowed for large spread of equipment on a disrupt the project’s balanced site. moving more cubic yards per shift project site, the last thing they think compared to the smaller equipment of is equipment maintenance. The Utilizing the most up-to-date GPS traditionally seen on a construction best pre-construction planning will machine control, Heavy Job field site. not build a project. Field personnel software that is directly linked to and dependable equipment build Heavy Bid and Timberline software The biggest challenge of meeting projects. Equipment “up-time” from via an in-house software program, the strict Highway 54 Expressway day one on a project is critical to any and having the in-house profession timeline was the blasting and scaling success of a project. Bloomsdale’s staff experienced with Agtek and of the exposed 100-foot +/- vertical field and maintenance facility service Trimble Business Center, allowed our rock faces. The location of the rock technicians provide the expertise field supervisors to monitor all the faces was adjacent or in proximity and daily effort that is required for changing site conditions and respond to the existing Route 54 and posed a successful project. Equipped with with any required changes as quickly multiple issues and challenges. Due the proper trucks, tools and software, as possible. to the proximity of the rock faces to the onsite maintenance technicians the existing Route 54, Bloomsdale can troubleshoot equipment issues, Gary Lalumandier can be reached at had to plan accordingly when order parts, complete repairs and (573) 483-2564. blasting because the existing Route 54 have equipment operational more was still open to the traveling public. efficiently.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 127 Products in the News

Tippmann Post Driving Equipment seals. With Snap-Tite’s ease of installation and introduces side mount adapter for variable lengths, 95 percent of culvert repairs are driving u-channel posts done off-road. This means increased safety for The Tippmann Side workers and motorists. Snap-Tite is made from Mount Adapter HDPE pipe, has a life expectancy of 100 years and fastens quickly to all meets AASHTO Standard M326 for relining culverts. u-channel posts For more information, visit www.culvert-rehab.com ranging in size from 2 or call 1-800-CULVERT (285-8378). lb. per foot all the way up to a 4 lb. per foot The green choice in dog pollution post. Whether you are driving an 8 ft. post now gives you even more choice or a 14 ft. post, this DOGIPOT intro- adapter will allow you duces the Alumi- to drive from a height num DOGIPOT you are comfortable Header Pak with and your feet Junior Bag Dis- on the ground. This penser to hold adapter is equipped with 11 sturdy attachment DOGIPOT’s new pins, which fit all major manufacturer u-channel line of OXO-BIO- hole patterns. The side mount adapter is then held DEGRADABLE in place by a long retaining pin and clevis. Learn DOGIPOT Header more about this adapter as well as view online video Pak Litter Pick Up demonstrations by visiting propanehammer.com. Or Bags (i.e., hanging call toll free for a free brochure: (866) 286-8046. litter pick up bags). These new items No-Dig Snap-Tite® relines damaged give customers culverts in a “snap” more choice and Snap-Tite®’s the Header Pak bags patented will fit all major joint and brands of hanging installation bag dispensers. DOGIPOT has the highest quality system environmentally-conscious products to help keep eliminates the your dog-friendly areas free from unsightly, smelly need to remove and harmful dog waste. There are DOGIPOT imi- failing culverts. tators in the market, but nobody is able to match Small segments DOGIPOT’s experience, high-quality product line, are “snapped” world-class customer service or value. Experience together, all the DOGIPOT Advantage! Call (800) 364-7681 or with watertight visit www.DOGIPOT.com.

128 APWA Reporter August 2013 Vaisala Truck Weather Sensors Platform offers Vaisala high, 40 mph offers a suite speed transport, of products excellent 360° that mount visibility, a tight to your 20.2-foot turn- truck, and ing radius, three provide you steering modes, with real- a 22,000-pound time road cargo capacity and conditions. a 102-inch road Surface Patrol provides air and pavement legal tire width. temperature in a cost-effective and very reliable This multi-purpose solution. Condition Patrol adds road condition vehicle also offers (dry, wet, icy) and a road friction all displayed with four-season versatility with multiple three-point a smart phone. Using weather sensors from Vaisala hitch attachment options, including snowplows, means you are getting accurate readings to make blowers, brushes, sprayers, spreaders, dumpers, the best decisions. For more information, visit our tillers and mowers. For more information, please website at www.vaisala.com. visit www.snowequipmentsales.com.

TAGSTER™ – Easy and Safe Graffiti Waste management with ClearSpan™ Removal! Fabric Structures TAGSTER™ ClearSpan Graffiti Fabric Remover Structures is the safe, provides biodegradable, energy- non-toxic, efficient, non-caustic, economical and non-flam- structures mable way for for a variety public works of waste departments to eliminate graffiti and tagging prob- management lems. Whether you are trying to remove a decla- needs. State- ration of love or gang symbols, TAGSTER unique of-the-art, gelled solution will allow you to wipe it away easily USA-made and safely. Removes graffiti from metal, concrete, ClearSpan Hercules Truss Arch Buildings feature wood, rock, plastic, restroom privacy panels or abundant natural light and spacious interiors virtually any surface! For more information, call without interior support posts to hamper RHOMAR Industries, Inc., at (800) 688-6221. operations. Every Hercules Truss Arch Building is custom engineered to fit the requirements of the specific location, such as snow load or foundation PowerPlatform™: The next-generation type. With minimal foundation requirements, the municipal vehicle structures can be permanent or temporary, and are GVM’s PowerPlatform is a multi-purpose ma- easy to relocate. For more information, visit www. chine offering a four-wheel drive mechanical drive ClearSpan.com/ADAPWA or call 1-866-643-1010 train with a 275 hp Cummins engine paired with to speak with a ClearSpan specialist. a 6-speed powershift transmission. The Power-

August 2013 APWA Reporter 129 Henderson Wing System your supervisors and field crews maintain efficiency Henderson’s and connection to your data. Lucity Mobile gives HWS is a modu- you the power to access work orders on the fly. lar wing system From a desk to the field, Lucity Mobile keeps you that replaces connected. Lucity is software for public works. traditional patrol, We provide our clients clarity, through connections mid-mount and the software makes and connections we develop rear-mount wing personally. Learn more at www.lucity.com. systems. Its mod- ular design offers JackJaw® 500 series pullers: big leverage for four possible con- tough conditions figurations and is built using many common compo- Since the nents. The front mast is a fabricated I-beam with rock introduction at solid features: ½” flange, ¼” web and ½” slide. And the APWA show in finally, the HWS wraps up with an array of options August 2010, more for the moldboard (shape and length), cutting edge, than 1600 JackJaw steel construction and more. For more information, sign post pullers please visit www.hendersonproducts.com. have been put into service by cities, municipalities Parallel Lift Plow from Henke Manufacturing and traffic sign The latest contractors all over snowfighting North America. In product some parts of the U.S. from Henke and Canada, heavy clay, rocky or frozen soils make Manufacturing is it harder to pull the sign posts. In these tougher their Parallel Lift areas, the larger version, JackJaw® 500 series puller, Plow. Designed with its 28 to 1 leverage, is becoming the tool of to remain parallel choice. This mechanical advantage (leverage) means to the ground in that when the operator pushes down on the handle transport or in with 100 pounds of force (easy for most operators), angling positions, this unique plow can be completely the JackJaw® sign post puller generates a massive removed from the truck hydraulically, leaving only upward force on the sign post of 2800 pounds! a flat plate. The truck hitch and power reversing JackJaw® stake and post pullers are built in Ohio by and lifting mechanisms remain with the plow. The Construction Accessories, Inc. The company Parallel Lift Plow has an inverted “J” shape 43” high currently offers 31 different models of extractor for moldboard with 10 vertical ribs. The moldboard six industries. View the website www.jackjaw.com or is available in steel or polymer in 10’, 11’ and 12’ contact Bob Anderson at [email protected] or 937- lengths. For more information contact: Mike Blake, 609-8937 for more information. Henke Manufacturing Co., 3070 Wilson Avenue, Leavenworth, Kansas 66048, 888-682-9010, 913-682- JobSight from Precision Concrete Cutting 0300 fax, [email protected]. JobSight is a simple, efficient, and Lucity is software for public works affordable app that Today’s public allows you to track, works agencies are on call assign, and manage more than ever. work orders in real A powerful time. No need for any suite of mo­bile hardware or software, tools ensures you use your existing

130 APWA Reporter August 2013 computer and smartphone! JobSight allows you Gee Asphalt: The Asphalt Preservation to increase productivity, keep your team on Specialists track, and have real-time geographic reporting. As vehicle JobSight is the “make work easier…” app!! Visit numbers increase, YourJobSight.com for your free 30 day trial today! the need for roads kept in Schwarze® introduces cutting-edge enhance- good condition ments to its M6 Avalanche™ increases, while We improved reconstruction performance costs rise. U.S. and ease of roads are estimated operation, as an 80 trillion plus we vastly dollar asset, but improved the the Worst-First ease of general strategy—fix it, fix it, fix it, then reconstruct—does maintenance. not protect your asset. Our Solution: Get ahead Tasks that took of the breakdown cycle. Preserve good condition hours before can now be done in mere minutes. pavements with Gilsonite Sealer Binder The M6 Avalanche™ now offers the versatility (GSB)—proven as part of a proactive preservation of a belt or squeegee conveyer that can be changed program to reduce pavement maintenance costs in approximately two hours. See us at Booth#1210 by up to 60%! GSB halts oxidation, becomes at the APWA show or call 1-800-879-7933 for a part of the matrix, and protects the binder— demonstration. maintaining a “like new” performance—doubling the life of pavements. Let us show you how your New Johnston VT651 Street Sweeper maintenance strategy can save you money! We The new are The Asphalt Preservation Specialists! Serving VT651 clients nationwide, contact us at 800-747-8567 or features ease log on to www.geeasphalt.com. of operation, state-of-the-art Exhaust extraction solution from Plymovent diagnostics, The Plymovent operational data SER (Spring acquisition, and operated the lowest cost Exhaust Reel) of ownership is an efficient in a full-size high-performance vacuum street exhaust extraction sweeper. The new Johnston CANbus system solution for monitors sweeper performance and provides daily general vehicle checks. The display incorporates as standard an application audible and visual raised hopper warning, fuel workshops. gauge, engine hour meter, tachometer and a water It operates level gauge. In addition, data can be downloaded smoothly—simply pull down the via a USB stick, recording various items of data for hose and it locks in the desired position. Pull again better cost control and easy analysis of sweeping and the hose rewinds to the adjustable end stop. operations by operators and management. For The SER provides up to 33 feet of spring return more information, contact Johnston North length with various temperatures and grades of America at 704-658-1333, or visit our website at hose available. Contact us 800-644-0911 or www. www.johnstonnorthamerica.com. plymovent.com/us.

August 2013 APWA Reporter 131 Insero AMP (Auxiliary Mobile Power) fleets. We utilize Equipped with high quality GPS leading edge hardware and add components, the technology, the patent customization and pending Insero enhancements that Auxiliary customers demand. Mobile Power Using the GPS (AMP) is a Insight Fleet Tracking versatile skid Solution, fleets realize steer loader equipped with pneumatic, electric and a significant increase hydraulic power to provide users added power. The in efficiency, and auxiliary power source allows operators to run tools gain insight into such as jackhammers, drills, saws and welders from all aspects of their fleet operations. GPS Insight’s the various power circuits with over 100 feet of reel award-winning solution includes a wide range capacity. No outside power source is required while of customized reports, alerts, and other features utilizing the Insero AMP, making remote jobsites that can be tailored to meet specific customer easier to access with the necessary tools workers need for added efficiency and productivity. For more requirements and ensure maximum ROI. For more information on the Insero AMP, please visit us online information, please visit www.gpsinsight.com. inseroequipment.com or call 855.604.2117. On-slab drilling made simple with Minnich A-1C Large Volume Pumping Solutions Single Drill and A-2C Double Drill Griffin The Minnich A-1C Dewatering and A-2C on-slab has applied our drills are ideal for a experience in variety of dowel pin pumping and drilling applications. dewatering With a total of four to be able to models available control ground in the A-1C (single and surface drill) series, plus water on various projects. With a large variety the versatile A-2C of methods and equipment at our disposal, we double drill model, can achieve economical solutions for moving contractors can easily large volumes of water. Our range of projects has choose the proper included large-flow sewer bypass pumping, lake on-slab drill for any pumping, coffer cell pumping, and river bypass. project. The most We apply our engineering skills, manufacturing popular model in the series requires a minimum capabilities, and professional team to provide cutout width of 48” to allow the drilling apparatus innovative, need-based solutions. For more to align with the edge of the slab. The units in information call Griffin Dewatering toll free at: the A-1C and A-2C product lines can reach a 1-800-431-1510, or visit www.griffindewatering. maximum drill depth of 18” with an under collar com. drill steel length of 24”. The powerful and efficient A-1C and A-2C models require 92.2 SCFM and 90 GPS Tracking: The best way to manage all PSIG in terms of pneumatic power, and the drills departments of your fleet can be equipped with an optional dust collection GPS Insight is a leading technology supplier system to reduce debris on the job site. For more of GPS tracking software for government information, please visit www.minnich-mfg.com.

132 APWA Reporter August 2013 New split universal mounting kit speeds Designed to retrofit of AEGIS® shaft grounding ring on accommodate virtually any motor slingers, shaft The new split universal mounting kit version shoulders, and (“Split uKIT”) of the AEGIS® SGR Bearing other end bell Protection Ring protects the bearings of VFD- protrusions, driven motors from electrical damage, and allows the kit comes quick and easy retrofitting of the ring on virtually with a split any AC motor shaft without decoupling attached AEGIS® ring, equipment. Available from Electro Static the halves of Technology, the Split uKIT is ideal for HVAC service which are held together with a unique hinge. For contractors and plant maintenance departments. more information, please visit www.est-aegis.com.

When you contact an advertiser regarding a product, please tell them you saw their ad in the APWA Reporter. Thanks! – The Editor Legend: IFC = Inside Front Cover; IBC = Inside Back Cover; BC = Back Cover

American Water Works EJCDC, p. 121 Kleinfelder, p. 134 Schwarze Industries, p. 74 Association, p. 136 www.ejcdc.org www.kleinfelder.com www.schwarze.com www.awwa.org Electrotechnics Corp., p. 120 Location Technologies, Inc., Skechers Footwear, p. 17 Bergkamp, Inc., p. 93 www.elteccorp.com p. 135 www.skechers.com www.bergkampinc.com www.loctech.com ExproLink, p. 134 SnapTite, pp. 79, 134 Best Management Products, www.exprolink.com Lowe’s Companies, Inc., p. IBC www.culvert-rehab.com p. 115 www.LowesForPros.com/Gov- www.bmpinc.com Gee Asphalt Systems, Inc., p. ernment Spring City Electrical, p. 105 82 www.springcity.com Biddingo.Com, p. 61 www.geeasphalt.com Lucity, p. 122 www.biddingo.com www.lucity.com Stan Design Inc., p. 135 GPS Insight, p. 67 www.stanjacks.com Brandon Industries, p. 117 www.gpsinsight.com Muncie Power Products, www.BrandonIndustries.com pp. 103, 134 SWA Group, p. 135 Griffin Pump & Equipment, www.munciepower.com www.swagroup.com Calhoun Super Structures, p. 25 pp. 5, 135 www.calhoun.ca www.griffinpump.com National Construction Tippmann Industrial Rentals, p. 57 Products, p. BC ClearSpan Fabric Structures, GVM Snow Equipment, www.rentnational.com www.tippmannindustrial.com p. 49 pp. 43, 134 www.ClearSpan.com/ADAPWA www.gvmsnow.com OPW Fuel Management Sys- Trackless Vehicles LTD, p. 53 tems, p. 34 www.tracklessvehicles.com Consort Display Group, p. 134 Henderson Manufacturing, www.opwfms.com www.consort.com p. 106 Transpo Industries, Inc., www.henderson-mfg.com Plymovent Corporation, p. 27 p. 134 Construction Accessories, Inc., www.plymovent.com www.transpo.com/BondadeOf- p. 134 Henke Manufacturing Corp., fer.html www.jackjaw.com pp. 13, 135 Precision Concrete Cutting, www.henkemfg.com p. 135 TYMCO International, LTD, Contractor Compliance & www.SafeSidewalks.com p. 46 Monitoring, Inc., p. 32 Hill International, p. 125 www.tymco.com www.ccmi-tpa.com www.hillintl.com Radar Sign, p. 135 www.radarsign.com Vaisala, Inc., pp. 63, 135 CTS Cement Manufacturing Insero Equipment, p. 119 www.vaisala.com Corporation, p. 95 www.nmcep.com RHOMAR Industries, Inc., p. 111 www.ctscement.com www.rhomar.com Wheeler, p. 134 Johnston North America, p. IFC www.wheeler-con.com DOGIPOT, p. 33 www.johnstonnorthamerica.com SAFETRAN, LLC, p. 134 www.dogipot.com www.safetransafety.com

August 2013 APWA Reporter 133 Post Pulling Made Easy! by Consort

• Fast, easy, safe sign post pulling • Lightweight, powerful all steel construction • Increase efficiency & reduce costs • Pulls U channel, square & round posts Construction Accessories, Inc. 937.429.9089 • [email protected] www.jackjaw.com Dealer Inquiries Welcome

CA Public Works 2.125x3 Ad_F.indd 1 3/15/12 5:36 PM CULVERT REHAB Pot Hole Problems? Improve Bond with No Mess, No Smell Call: 914-636-1000 Dig and replace Email: [email protected] For Limited Trial Offer : has been replaced. www.transpo.com/BondadeOffer.html Bondade COST EFFECTIVE VOC COMPLIANT LASTS UP TO 85% LONGER THAN CURRENT METHODS Easier. Faster. Safer. EVALUATED, PROVEN AND 1-800-CULVERT USED BY MANY AGENCIES www.culvert-rehab.com

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Energy • Facilities • Federal • Transportation • Water

134 APWA Reporter August 2013 Scan our QR code with your mobile device for a www.SafeSidewalks.com chance to win an iPad

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August 2013 APWA Reporter 135 UPCOMING APWA EVENTS International Public Works Congress & Exposition National Public Works Week: May 18-24, 2014 2013 Aug. 25-28 Chicago, IL Always the third full week in May. For more information, contact Jon Dilley at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected]. 2014 Aug. 17-20 Toronto, ON North American Snow Conference 2015 Aug. 30-Sept. 2 Phoenix, AZ 2014 May 4-7 Cincinnati, OH For more information, contact Dana Priddy at For more information, contact Brenda Shaver at (800) 848-APWA (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected]. or send e-mail to [email protected].

AUGUST 2013 SEPTEMBER 2013 1 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “An Introduction to 3-6 Floodplain Management Association Annual Conference, MicroPAVER,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net Anaheim, CA, www.floodplain.org

8 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Do You Know DIRT Damage 8-10 American Road & Transportation Builders Association Information Reporting Tool)?” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net National Convention, Milwaukee, WI, www.artba.org

15 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “MicroPAVER FieldInspector 8-11 Illuminating Engineering Society Street & Area Lighting Overview,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net Conference, Phoenix, AZ, www.ies.org

17-20 WASTECON 2013, Long Beach, CA, www.wastecon.org 18-23 StormCon 2013, Myrtle Beach, SC, www.stormcon.com

18-21 National Council of Structural Engineers Association 25-28 APWA International Public Works Congress & Annual Conference 2013, Atlanta, GA, www.ncsea.com Exposition, Chicago, IL, (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net Ideal crop marks

Highlighted sessions include:

MON01: Condition Assessment and Asset Management Learn how to manage TUE06: Water Loss Benchmarking and Regulatory Reporting and solve your utility distribution issues TUE08: Pipeline Rehabilitation and address new and emerging water security MON07: Are You Vulnerable to Cyber Intrusion? challenges in two great conferences! TUE03: Preparing for Extreme Events and Adaptation Strategies

TUE12: WARN–6 Years and Growing Success

Registration is now open!

Includes access to both conferences! September 15–18 Westin Chicago NW www.awwa.org/dssepsapwa Itasca, IL (Northwest Suburbs of Chicago)

136 APWA Reporter August 2013 One less paper you have to push. Lowe’s can save you time and money on your everyday MRO supplies or building materials for your next big purchase. Through our TCPN, WSCA and GSA contracts, you remain compliant, and save time and money with our pre-qualified pricing. For more information visit LowesForPros.com/Government.

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©2013 Lowe’s Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Lowe’s and the gable design are registered trademarks of LF, LLC.

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