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Bullock70v.1.Pdf
CONTAINS PULLOUTS Spatial Adjustments in the Teesside Economy, 1851-81. I. Bullock. NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ---------------------------- 087 12198 3 ---------------------------- A Thesis Submitted to the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of PhD, Department of Geography 1970a ABSTRACT. This study is concerned with spatial change in a reg, - ional economy during a period of industrialization and rapid growth. It focuses on two main issues : the spatial pattl-rn of economic growth, and the locational adjustments induced and required by that process in individual sectors of the economy. Conceptually, therefore, the thesis belongs to the category of economic development studies, but it also makes an empirical contribution to knowledge of Teesside in a cru- cial period of the regionts history. In the first place, it was deemed necessary to estab- lish that economic growth did occur on Teesside between 1851 and 1881. To that end, use was made of a number of indirect indices of economic performance. These included population change, net migration, urbanization and changes in the empl. oyment structure of the region. It was found that these indicators provided evidence of economic growth, and evide- nce that growth was concentrated in and around existing urban centres and in those rural areas which had substantial mineral resources. To facilitate the examination of locational change in individual sectors of the economy - in mining, agriculture, manufacturing and the tertiary industries -, the actual spa- tial patterns were compared with theoretical models based on the several branches of location theory. In general, the models proved to be useful tools for furthering understand- ing of the patterns of economic activity and for predicting the types of change likely to be experienced during industr- ial revolution. -
Tees Tidal Flooding 5Th December 2013
Lead Local Flood Authority Flood Investigation Report Tees Tidal Flooding 5th December 2013 Final Report 2 Revision Schedule Document Date Author Draft 1.0 3/3/14 J L Salisbury Draft 2.0 20/3/14 J L Salisbury Final Report 26/3/14 J L Salisbury 3 4 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. LLFA investigation 1.2. Stockton on Tees 1.3. Site Locations 1.3.1. Port Clarence 1.3.2. Billingham Reach Industrial Estate 1.3.3. Greatham Creek 1.3.4. A19 Portrack Interchange 1.3.5. A66 Teesside Park 2. History 2.1. Drainage history 2.1.1. Port Clarence 2.1.2. Billingham Reach Industrial Estate 2.1.3. Greatham Creek 2.1.4. A19 Portrack Interchange 2.1.5. A66 Teesside Park 3. Incident 3.1. Incident on 5th December 2013 3.2. Event data 4. Types of Flooding 4.1. Tidal Flooding 4.2. Main River flooding 4.3. Ordinary Watercourse Flooding 4.4. Sewerage Flooding 4.5. Highway Drainage 4.6. Culvert Issues 4.7. Run Off 5. Duties and Responsibilities 5.1. Lead Local Flood Authority 5.2. Stockton on Tees Borough Council 5.3. Environment Agency 5.4. Northumbrian Water 5.5. Highways Agency 5 5.6. Riparian Landowners 5.7. Residents 6. Flood Alleviation Scheme 7. Recommendations Appendices 1. Flood warning area 121FWT568 2. Flood warning area 121FWT557 3. Flood warning area 121FWT562 4. Location Plan of Greatham Creek Breach 5. Plan showing worst affected residential area in Port Clarence Glossary of Terms Useful Contacts Useful Links References 6 Executive Summary On Thursday 5th December 2013, the Borough of Stockton on Tees was again subject to severe flooding. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The 1841 south Durham election Rider, Clare Margaret How to cite: Rider, Clare Margaret (1982) The 1841 south Durham election, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7659/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk THE 1841 SOUTH DURHAM ELECTION CLARE MARGARET RIDER M.A. THESIS 1982 UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. 72. V:A'••}••* TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of Contents i List of Illustrations, Maps and Tables iii Acknowledgements iv Abbreviations V Abstract vi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 - THE NORTH-EAST BACKGROUND 4 a) The Economic and Social Background 4 b) The Political. -
Industry in the Tees Valley
Industry in the Tees Valley Industry in the Tees Valley A Guide by Alan Betteney This guide was produced as part of the River Tees Rediscovered Landscape Partnership, thanks to money raised by National Lottery players. Funding raised by the National Lottery and awarded by the Heritage Lottery Fund It was put together by Cleveland Industrial Archaeology Society & Tees Archaeology Tees Archaeology logo © 2018 The Author & Heritage Lottery/Tees Archaeology CONTENTS Page Foreword ........................................................................................ X 1. Introduction....... ...................................................................... 8 2. The Industrial Revolution .......... .............................................11 3. Railways ................................................................................ 14 4. Reclamation of the River ....................................................... 18 5. Extractive industries .............................................................. 20 6. Flour Mills .............................................................................. 21 7. Railway works ........................................................................ 22 8. The Iron Industry .................................................................... 23 9. Shipbuilding ........................................................................... 27 10. The Chemical industry ............................................................ 30 11. Workers ................................................................................. -
Northeast England – a History of Flash Flooding
Northeast England – A history of flash flooding Introduction The main outcome of this review is a description of the extent of flooding during the major flash floods that have occurred over the period from the mid seventeenth century mainly from intense rainfall (many major storms with high totals but prolonged rainfall or thaw of melting snow have been omitted). This is presented as a flood chronicle with a summary description of each event. Sources of Information Descriptive information is contained in newspaper reports, diaries and further back in time, from Quarter Sessions bridge accounts and ecclesiastical records. The initial source for this study has been from Land of Singing Waters –Rivers and Great floods of Northumbria by the author of this chronology. This is supplemented by material from a card index set up during the research for Land of Singing Waters but which was not used in the book. The information in this book has in turn been taken from a variety of sources including newspaper accounts. A further search through newspaper records has been carried out using the British Newspaper Archive. This is a searchable archive with respect to key words where all occurrences of these words can be viewed. The search can be restricted by newspaper, by county, by region or for the whole of the UK. The search can also be restricted by decade, year and month. The full newspaper archive for northeast England has been searched year by year for occurrences of the words ‘flood’ and ‘thunder’. It was considered that occurrences of these words would identify any floods which might result from heavy rainfall. -
Hackworth Family Archive
Hackworth Family Archive A cataloguing project made possible by the National Cataloguing Grants Programme for Archives Science Museum Group 1 Description of Entire Archive: HACK (fonds level description) Title Hackworth Family Archive Fonds reference code GB 0756 HACK Dates 1810’s-1980’s Extent & Medium of the unit of the 1036 letters with accompanying letters and associated documents, 151 pieces of printed material and printed images, unit of description 13 volumes, 6 drawings, 4 large items Name of creator s Hackworth Family Administrative/Biographical Hackworth, Timothy (b 1786 – d 1850), Railway Engineer was an early railway pioneer who worked for the Stockton History and Darlington Railway Company and had his own engineering works Soho Works, in Shildon, County Durham. He married and had eight children and was a converted Wesleyan Methodist. He manufactured and designed locomotives and other engines and worked with other significant railway individuals of the time, for example George and Robert Stephenson. He was responsible for manufacturing the first locomotive for Russia and British North America. It has been debated historically up to the present day whether Hackworth gained enough recognition for his work. Proponents of Hackworth have suggested that he invented of the ‘blast pipe’ which led to the success of locomotives over other forms of rail transport. His sons other relatives went on to be engineers. His eldest son, John Wesley Hackworth did a lot of work to promote his fathers memory after he died. His daughters, friends, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and ancestors to this day have worked to try and gain him a prominent place in railway history. -
Historic Environment Audit for the S&DR 1830 Branch Line To
Historic Environment Audit for the S&DR 1830 Branch Line to Middlesbrough On behalf of Middlesbrough Council April 2018 The Stockton & Darlington Railway – Middlesbrough Branch Line Historic Environment Audit The Stockton & Darlington Railway – Middlesbrough Branch Line Historic Environment Audit Summary This report commissioned by Middlesbrough Council takes forward one of the recommendations from the S&DR Heritage Audit prepared in 2016 on behalf of the County Durham, Stockton and Darlington authorities to extend the project along the S&DR branch lines which dated between 1825 and 1830. The audit is designed to pull together key and core information to inform future development work along the route of the 1830 Middlesbrough branch line. The report also includes recommendations for heritage led regeneration along the 1830 corridor and the site of the world’s first planned railway town at St. Hilda’s; this includes enhanced access with interpretation along the 1830 route and distinctive high quality residential uses on the site of the planned new town and new sustainable uses for the surviving new town buildings such as the Old Town Hall, The former Ship Inn and the Captain Cook inn. Figure 1. The route of the 1830 S&DR branch line from Bowesfield Lane in Stockton to Middlesbrough terminating at a new port on the Tees Historic Background Middlesbrough before 1830 comprised a farm surrounded by swampy marshland. Earlier it had been the location of a monastic cell originally founded in 686 A.D. and dedicated to St. Archaeo-Environment Ltd for Middlesbrough Council 2 The Stockton & Darlington Railway – Middlesbrough Branch Line Historic Environment Audit Hilda. -
Breeders, Bankers and Bankrupts
Breeders, Bankers and Bankrupts Genetic engineering is not a new science. In the eighteenth century it was known as ‘agricultural improvement’. Among the most noted improvers were several farmers and landowners of Durham and Northumberland; now, sadly, overlooked by national historians. Successful breeders amassed considerable wealth. This wealth in turn helped fund the nascent banking system in the days before corporate investment and limited liability. This wealth also helped fund the early industrial expansion throughout northern England during the nineteenth century, which was based on the coalfield and railway network. Not all of this investment was prudent, with many of the bankers succumbing to bankruptcy. This short article examines how probate records reveal the fortunes and failures of some breeders who in time became bankers, and bankrupts. 1. Breeders One such enterprising individual was Christopher Mason of Great Chilton Hall in County Durham. Mason made his will on 19 th February 1819 following the death of his wife. [Excerpt from the will of Christopher Mason. Ref: DPRI/1/1837/M9/1-2.] Upon his death in May 1836, Christopher Mason left an estate valued at £5,000, an estate that he had, in the usual form, made chargeable for all of his debts. “I direct that all the just debts which I shall owe at the time of my decease and my funeral expenses … shall be paid and I charge and make chargeable all my real and personal Estate whatsoever and wheresoever with the payment thereof”.1 Mason died after an illness, and perhaps suddenly, and left his estate still encumbered with an outstanding debt of £11,000 for an exchequer loan made to the Clarence Railway underwritten by him. -
The Way of Life Route
1 Introduction This guide gives directions for travelling The Way of Life from Gainford to Durham. All the Northern Saints Trails use the same waymark shown on the left. The total distance is 47 kilometres or 29 miles. I have divided the route into 4 sections between 11 and 14 kilometres. This pilgrimage route, along with the Ways of Love, Light and Learning, all lead to the shrine of St Cuthbert in Durham. This route would have been the closest to St Cuthbert’s final journey in his coffin from Ripon to Durham in 995. He had died over 300 years earlier, but the monks who carried that coffin believed that by his spirit he continued to be alive and to guide them. This is why this route is called the Way of Life. Water is a symbol of life, so it is appropriate that the route begins by a well and a river. Section 1 Gainford to West Auckland 11 km Gainford Gainford is an ancient site. There was a Saxon church here in the 8th century. The presence of St Mary’s Well on the south side of the present church facing the river is significant, because the early Christians often chose and cleansed sites formerly associated with pagan devotion, which often centred on springs or water courses. Fragments of Anglo-Saxon sculpture found inside and around the church are further evidence that an ancient Christian community existed on this site, whilst sculpture combining Northumbrian and Norse motifs reflects subsequent Scandinavian settlement in the region. These sculptures are to be found in the Open Treasure exhibition at Durham Cathedral. -
Station Or Halt Name Line Date Closed Station
Our Station Station or Halt Name Line Date Closed Station remains Date Visited number (Aberdeen) Holburn Street Deeside Railway (GNoSR) 1937 (Aberdeen) Hutcheon Street Denburn Valley Line (GNoSR) 1937 Abbey and West Dereham GER 1930 Abbey Foregate (Shrewsbury) S&WTN 1912 Abbey Junction NBR, CAL 1921 Abbey of Deer Platform London and North Eastern Railway 1970 Abbey Town NBR 1964 Abbeydore GWR 1941 Abbeyhill (Edinburgh) NBR 1964 Abbots Ripton GNR 1958 Abbots Wood Junction MR 1855 Abbotsbury GWR 1952 Abbotsford Ferry NBR 1931 Abbotsham Road BWH!&AR 1917 Aber (LNWR) Chester and Holyhead Railway 1960 Aberaman TVR 1964 Aberangell Mawddwy Railway/Cambrian Railways 1931 Aberavon (Seaside) Rhondda and Swansea Bay Railway 1962 Aberavon Town Rhondda and Swansea Bay Railway 1962 Aberayron GWR 1951 Aberbargoed B&MJR 1962 Aberbeeg GWR 1962 Aberbran N&B 1962 Abercairny Caledonian 1951 Abercamlais Neath and Brecon Railway 1962 Abercanaid GWR/Rhymney Jt 1951 Abercarn GWR 1962 Aberchalder HR/NBR 1933 Abercrave N&B 1932 Abercwmboi Halt TVR 1956 Abercynon North British Rail 2008 Aberdare Low Level TVR 1964 Aberdeen Ferryhill Aberdeen Railway 1864 Aberdeen Guild Street Aberdeen Railway 1867 Aberdeen Kittybrewster (3 stations of this name, on GNoSR2 lines; all closed) 1968 Aberdeen Waterloo GNoSR 1867 Aberderfyn Halt GWR 1915 Aberdylais Halt GWR 1964 Aberedw Cambrian Railways 1962 Aberfan Cambrian Railways/Rhymney Railway Jt 1951 Aberfeldy Highland Railway 1965 Aberford Aberford Railway 1924 Aberfoyle NBR 1951 Abergavenny Brecon Road Merthyr, Tredegar and -
The 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway: Historic Environment Audit
The 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway: Historic Environment Audit Appendix 3. Shildon to Heighington and the Durham County/Darlington Borough Council Boundary. October 2016 Archaeo-Environment for Durham County Council, Darlington Borough Council and Stockton Council. The 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway: Historic Environment Audit: Shildon to Heighington and the County Boundary Introduction This report is one of a series covering the length of the 1825 Stockton & Darlington Railway. It results from a programme of fieldwork and desk based research carried out between October 2015 and March 2016 by Archaeo-Environment and local community groups, in particular, the Friends of the 1825 S&DR and the Friends of the NRM. © Crown copyright 2016. All rights reserved. Licence number 100042279. Figure 1. Area discussed in this document (inset S&DR Line against regional background). This report covers land that falls entirely with Durham County Council and starts at Shildon and covers the next 6.78km to the boundary of Darlington Borough Council (figure 1). This includes Locomotion, the National Railway Museum at Shildon and sections of live line as well as the 1826 public house and depot at Heighington which is still the site of a railway station. Access to live line has been limited to views from public access areas. It outlines what survives and what has been lost starting at Shildon and heading south to the County/Borough Council boundary north of Coatham Lane. It outlines the gaps in our knowledge requiring further research and the major management issues needing action. It highlights opportunities for improved access to the line and for improved conservation, management and interpretation on the line, at Locomotion and in Shildon so that the S&DR remains can form part of a world class visitor destination. -
TAKE NOTICE, Grocer
1619 for Debt in Her Majesty's Gaol at Durham, JoiinlJolam, late of High-street, Bishop^earmouth, Dur- , residing 'at Mr. Hedley's, Dundas-Jstreel, "M Jista) CaSafoSt Maker. mouthshore aforesaid, all in the county of -Durham, Su't William Readshaw, late of BishBjweaTBKnt'th, Durham, out of business. of business, previously of East Woodbine-street, Bishop- J ose.ph'Tate, formerly of the Earl St. Tincent-Public-hotrse, wearaosdi, Blacksmith, and formerly of 'Silver-street, Dean-street,'Shields, Durham,.Publican1 'and Ship O-tfESr, Sunderland near the Sea, Durham, Blacksmith a«d afterwards of East.,UoIb'orn,: 'South, Shielcfs,. Dttrtfam, Builder. Publican and'Ship ,Ow;ner, and iate.iShip Ovttrer trnfy, William ifcalph Rob-sou, --late '6f Deck-street, Monkw1ear- lodging,Svith.'hts/'son,; Josejm Tate.the younger, of fh'e "mouth, "Dul-h'am, p'ftt Of business, previously of 'North- Mill Dam, ,So,uth Shields, Dat-bain, Master Marmer 'sad. terrace, Seahsm--harbouTY -Dai-ham, Groc«r, '.Draper, Publican. : . , . ; : . Porter Merchant, and Dealer" in British Wares. James Laing, formerly of Norfolk-street, afterwards of James Wardropper, latte *>f -He^&rth-'shorfe, -GatesheacJ, No. 9, Lambton-street, and late/of No. 28>' East Cross- Durham, Journeyman Mason, and .previously of the street, all, ia^.Bishppwearmouthj.-Durhanl, .Commission same.place, Mason and Publican. Agent and Surveyor, of SJhippimg.i, .- • : . Robert Mar-rineY, late of Skinner-gate, Darlington, Dur- Thomas Lin'sley, formerly in Lodgings, at. the C!areflee ham, 'Sho'e 'arid Wofs'teii IXeaier, 'Stockton and Richmond Depot, • Stockton-upon-fTeesTGommon, Carriier oil the '•Blankets. Clarence Railway, between Stockton-upon-Tees and William (sribSBft, forrtierly'of Sunderland, Durham, Publican Coxhoe,.