Unstoppable Wind Turbines
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
TLT SYSTEMS, STRATEGIES & RESEARCH FOR LUBRICATION PROFESSIONALS AN PUBLICATION | AUGUST 2019 TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY Unstoppable 15 YEARS Wind Turbines of publishing excellence STLE 75 Why they 1944-2019 keep growing in numbers, capacity and physical size. President’s Report The New Generation Gap Battery Electric Vehicles Now with multi-speed transmissions Virtual Bearing Testing Q&A with Dr. Xiaolan Ai Grease Incompatibility Uncharted challenges Tribology Education A global perspective Articular Cartilage New research on recovery process Digital TLT: Sponsored this month by Acme-Hardesty at www.stle.org. QUALITY DRIVES. 1HZ2UJDQLF)ULFWLRQ0RGLƭHU ® RC 3502 Additin 'HHGEVKXGNWDTKECVKQPRNC[UCETKVKECNTQNGKPHWGNGHȝEKGPE[.#0:'55KU KPVTQFWEKPICPGYRCVGPVGFQTICPKEHTKEVKQPOQFKȝGTNWDTKECPVCFFKVKXG VJCV FGNKXGTU UKIPKȝECPVN[ GPJCPEGF HTKEVKQP TGFWEVKQP RGTHQTOCPEG TGVGPVKQP CPF CPVKYGCT RTQVGEVKQP .#0:'55 SWCNKV[ CPF KPPQXCVKQP supports the automotive industry in its challenge to improve fuel GEQPQO[CPFNQYGTGOKUUKQPUhttp://lab.lanxess.com ®TGIKUVGTGFVTCFGOCTMQH.#0:'55&GWVUEJNCPF)OD*QTKVUCHȝNKCVGU 4GIKUVGTGFKPOCP[EQWPVTKGUQHVJGYQTNF Contents TLT / AUGUST 2019 / VOLUME 75 / NO. 8 FEATURES 20 MINUTES WITH… 18 Xiaolan Ai 24 This Timken scientist discusses bearing fatigue life and the advantages of virtual bearing testing. By Rachel Fowler LUBRICATION FUNDAMENTALS 24 Solid lubricants These materials are well suited for extreme conditions where liquid lubricants are impractical. By Jane Marie Andrew WEBINARS 32 Fundamentals of wind turbines Global capacity has grown continuously since 2001, including a 9% increase in 2018. By Jane Marie Andrew 18 32 Front Cover photo © Can Stock Photo / sonnydaez WWW.STLE.ORG TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY AUGUST 2019 • 1 Contents DEPARTMENTS 12 Tech Beat by Dr. Neil Canter • Developing a hybrid heavy-duty truck • New thermoelectric material based on cobalt • Redox flow batteries: New approach may boost performance. 42 Newsmakers • ExxonMobil • BASF 12 • Pilot Chemical • LANXESS and more. 50 New Products • OLOA® 55600 • ST100 gas flow meter 72 • Automated solution for endotoxin detection. 56 Sounding Board What is the status of tribology education in your country? 64 Advertisers Index 66 Resources • Technical Books – Nanomaterials in Advanced Medicine COLUMNS – Biomaterials Science and Technology: Fundamentals and Developments 6 President’s Report 68 Automotive Tribology • STLE Local Sections Calendar The New Generation Gap Gearboxes and battery electric & Certification Exams vehicles • Industry Conferences 8 From the Editor – COMADEM 2019 Grease (in)compatibility 70 Cutting Edge – Tribochemistry Hakodate 2019 Sliding your way to rehydration 10 Headquarters Report – ITC Sendai 2019 Charting our future 72 Machinery – ESMATS 2019 The challenge of metal-removal – ROTRIB’19 fluid specifications Copyright © 2019 Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers. All Rights Reserved. TLT magazine is owned and published in print and electronically by the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE). The views set forth in this magazine are those of the authors and not necessarily the views of STLE. Material from TLT magazine may be reproduced only with written permission from STLE. TLT magazine assumes no liability or responsibility for any inaccurate, delayed or incomplete information. For more information, contact us at [email protected]. Subscription and Single Copies: Current volume single copies are $25 (not including shipping and handling). Annual subscription rate is $248/U.S., $320/international. Prepayment is required before subscription is started. Remittances from foreign countries must be by international money order or bank draft drawn on U.S. bank. Tribology & Lubrication Technology (USPS 865740) Vol. 75, Number 8, (ISSN-1545-858), is published monthly by the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers, 840 Busse Hwy, Park Ridge, IL 60068-2376. Periodicals Postage is Paid at Park Ridge, IL and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Tribology and Lubrication Technology, 840 Busse Hwy, Park Ridge, IL 60068-2376. 2 • AUGUST 2019 TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY WWW.STLE.ORG Now in its 75th year, STLE invites you to join Drive 75 A growing group of companies helping STLE celebrate its Diamond Anniversary. STLE is observing its 75th Anniversary with a year of • A Welcome to Drive 75 message with your logo events and activities, culminating in a festive celebration in TLT. at the 2020 Annual Meeting & Exhibition in Chicago • Listing in a Drive 75 monthly, evolving ad in TLT (where the society was formed in March 1944). through the June 2020 Convention Issue. (The sooner To honor the industry’s premier technical association you join, the longer your recognition lasts!) and support this momentous event, your company can • Listings in Drive 75 ads in STLE’s Website, become a Drive 75 Sponsor and reap a series of e-newsletter and 365 Mobile App. benefits throughout the year! • A Drive 75 badge ribbon for your company’s person- Your Drive 75 sponsorship includes: nel at STLE’s 2020 Annual Meeting in Chicago. • Listing in a large Drive 75 banner at STLE’s 2020 • A $100 donation in your company’s name to a Annual Meeting. high school STEM program of your choosing with matching funds from STLE. (If you don’t have a For details about the Drive 75 program and benefits, preferred program, the donations will be made pricing and eligibility, contact Tracy VanEe at to a Chicago-area program chosen by STLE.) 630-922-3459 or at [email protected]. Drive 75 Sponsor Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers, 840 Busse Highway, Park Ridge, IL 60068, [email protected], www.stle.org. TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY PUBLISHED BY Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers “Educating lubrication engineers & tribology researchers since 1944” STLE International Headquarters 840 Busse Highway, Park Ridge, Illinois 60068-2376 Phone: 847-825-5536 • Fax: 847-825-1456 • www.stle.org • [email protected] EDITOR Evan Zabawski, CLS TestOil [email protected] PUBLISHER/EDITORINCHIEF Thomas T. Astrene [email protected] MANAGING EDITOR Rachel Fowler [email protected] SENIOR FEATURE WRITER Jeanna Van Rensselar CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Jane Marie Andrew, Mary Beckman, Dr. Neil Canter, Dr. Robert M. Gresham, Dr. Nancy McGuire COLUMNISTS Dr. Edward P. Becker, Michael P. Duncan, Ken Pelczarski, Edward P. Salek, Dr. Nicholas D. Spencer, Dr. Don Smolenski, Dr. Wilfred T. Tysoe, R. David Whitby CIRCULATION COORDINATORS Myrna Scott, Nadine Sanchez (847) 825-5536 ADVERTISING SALES Tracy Nicholas VanEe Phone: (630) 922-3459 Fax: (630) 904-4563 [email protected] DESIGN/PRODUCTION Joe Ruck TECHNICAL EDITORS Dr. William Anderson Afton Chemical Corp. [email protected] Robert Austin QualiChem, Inc. [email protected] Dr. Salil Bapat University of Arkansas [email protected] Michelle Brakke Lubrication Technologies Inc. [email protected] Jerry Byers Industry Consultant [email protected] Dr. Ashok Cholli Polnox Corp. [email protected] Peter Deegan LOC Group [email protected] Bridget Dubbert Engineered Lubricants Co. [email protected] Dr. Rovelyn Dytioco Boeing [email protected] Dr. T. Reg Forbus Santolubes [email protected] Dr. Monica A. Ford Ingevity [email protected] Dr. Mohammad Motaher Hossain Texas A&M University-Kingsville [email protected] Tyler Housel Zschimmer & Schwarz, Inc. [email protected] Dr. Anoop Kumar Chevron Corp. [email protected] New research Lawrence Ludwig Schaeffer Manufacturing Co. [email protected] sheds light on how Jory Maccan Imperial Oil [email protected] Dr. Filippo Mangolini The University of Texas at Austin [email protected] articular joints Mandi McElwain Univar [email protected] recover after Dr. Hamidreza Mohseni CARBO Ceramics Inc. [email protected] compression. Rob Morien Rexnord [email protected] Dr. Anup Pandkar Sentient Science [email protected] Dr. Ning Ren Valvoline Inc. [email protected] See Dr. Eugene Scanlon BASF [email protected] Cutting Edge Dr. Shuangwen Sheng National Renewable Energy Laboratory [email protected] on Page 70. Edward Sunghing Chem-Ecol, Ontario, Canada [email protected] Dr. Rohit Voothaluru The Timken Co. [email protected] Dr. Dehua Yang Ebatco [email protected] Dr. Jack Zakarian JAZTech Consulting [email protected] Dr. Wenyang Zhang NanoMech, Inc. [email protected] © Can Stock Photo / Eraxion Follow STLE on: 4 • AUGUST 2019 TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY WWW.STLE.ORG PRESIDENT’S REPORT The New Generation Gap We must continue educating young people about the role our products play in making the world a better place. By Michael P. Duncan One of our strategic goals for the STLE board of directors is to communicate with the general population (people not familiar with tribology and lubrication engineers) in order to inform and advocate the merits of our organization for the betterment of society. With that in mind, I would like to share a conversa- tion that my son and I had a few years ago. My son came home af- ter a day at school during his freshman year of high school and said to me, “Dad, you’re a chemist, right?” I said, “Yes,” and he continued, “You make stuff that is bad for the envi- ronment?” I thought for just a second because I knew he was taking a course in school on the environment. I responded with, “My company wouldn’t stay in Whether