DOCSLIB.ORG

Sea Cuc Proc Final.Pmd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sea Cuc Proc Final.Pmd Proceedings of the CITES workshop on the conservation of sea cucumbers in the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae , 1-3 March 2004 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Edited by Andrew W. Bruckner U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OPR-34 August 2006 This publication should be cited as: Bruckner, A.W. (editor). 2006. Proceedings of the CITES workshop on the conservation of sea cucumbers in the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS- OPR 34 , Silver Spring, MD 244 pp. Significant support for the development and printing of this document was provided by NOAA Fisheries, Office of Protected Resources and NOAA’s Coral Conservation Program. The views expressed in this document are those of the participants of the workshop, and do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the U.S. Government or NOAA. Additional copies of this publication may be requested from: Dr. Andrew W. Bruckner National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA Fisheries Office of Habitat Conservation 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 [email protected] Cover photos. Upper photo: Bodaschia argus, Sulawesi Indonesia (Andy Bruckner, NOAA Fisheries) ; lower photo: Sea cuucmbers drying on the beach, Papa New Guinea (Jeff Kinch, University of Papua New Guinea) Proceedings of the CITES workshop on the conservation of sea cucumbers in the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae Edited by Andrew Bruckner Office of Habitat Conservation, Rm 15829 NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 1315 East-West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-OPR-34 August 2006 U.S. Department of Commerce Carlos Gutierrez, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., USN (Ret.) Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere National Marine Fisheries Service William T. Hogarth, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries Proceedings of the CITES workshop on the conservation of sea cucumbers in the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae Organizing Committee Tom De Meulenaer Alice Burke Paula Henry Andrew Bruckner Working Group Leaders Warwick Nash Kim Friedman Chantall Conand Mohammad Pourkazemi Logistical Support Liz Burgess James Compton Sponsors CITES Secretariat Scientific Support Unit Geneva, Switzerland NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources Silver Spring, MD, USA NOAA’S Coral Reef Conservation Program NOAA Fisheries Office of Habitat Conservation Silver Spring, MD, USA Department of Fisheries Malaysia Jalan Sultan Salahuddin 50628 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Wildlife and National Parks KM 10, Jalan Cheras 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia TRAFFIC Southeast Asia 47400 Petaling Jaya Selangor, Malaysia ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Proceedings of the CITES Workshop on the Conservation of Sea Cucumbers summarizes the outcome of an International CITES meeting on sea cucumbers held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in March 2004. This was funded through the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program and NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Species, with additional financial and logistical support from the CITES Secretariat, TRAFFIC Southeast Asia and the Department of Fisheries, Malaysia. The workshop was developed and conducted in response to a Decision adopted at the 12th Conference of Parties directing the CITES Secretariat to convene a technical workshop on sea cucumbers to review information on the biological and trade status and identify possible conservation actions. The workshop objectives and terms of reference for the working groups were developed by the Organizing Committee through consultations with the CITES Animals Committee working group on sea cucumbers, and sea cucumber experts invited to the workshop. This team set the vision for the sea cucumber workshop and worked together to develop these proceedings. The workshop would not have been possible without the dedicated efforts of all the participants. In particular, we wish to acknowledge the Working Group Chairs, Warwick Nash, Kim Friedman, Chantall Conand, and Mohammad Pourkazemi, and their Rapporteurs, who presided over the deliberations during the workshop and provided draft reports that were used in preparing this document. The success of the workshop is also due to TRAFFIC Southeast Asia for their efforts in coordinating the logistics, including travel arrangements, lodging, meeting facilities, and meals. We would like to thank the people behind the scenes, especially Liz Burgess and James Compton, who were responsible for the audiovisual equipment, set-up, copying and distribution of the materials and organization of the reception. Alice Burke and Paula Henry from the CITES Secretariat need to be commended for all their hard work in compiling, formatting, printing and distributing the white papers and country reports, assistance with powerpoint presentations, and compilation and distribution of the working group reports and other materials to participants during and after the workshop. We would like to thank The Department of Fisheries Malaysia and National Parks Peninsula Malaysia for their assistance in logistical arrangements, their support for the reception, and their contributions through the opening address, keynote speeches and Malaysia Country Report. Special thanks go to Alassandra Lovatelli for his efforts to coordinate FAO efforts on sea cucumbers with CITES and this workshop, and his contributions from the ASCAM workshop. The background information for the participants was provided in the form of four white papers and 16 country reports. A special thanks goes to each of the authors and speakers. Dr Chantal Conand presented a paper and talk on Sea Cucumber Biology, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Status and on Harvest and Trade in Sea Cucumbers. This was followed by Dr. Andrew Bruckner, who discussed Management and Conservation Strategies and Practices for Sea Cucumbers and Mr. Glenn Sant, who presented a talk on CITES and Sea Cucumbers. Country Reports were presented by Lu Xiaoping (China), Irma Hernandez (Cuba), Veronica Toral-Granda (Ecuador), Asep Sugiharta (Indonesia), Karl Aiken (Jamaica),Shingo Fukui (Japan), Dinorah Perezrul (Mexico), Zaidnuddin Ilias (Malaysia), Ludivina Labe (Philippines), Andrew Bruckner (USA), and Philip Lambert (Canada). i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................ iii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 2 Workshop Agenda ............................................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Terms of Reference for Working Groups ......................................................................................... 11 Report of Working Group 1: National fisheries management ........................................................ 14 Report of Working Group 2: Priorities for international conservation and protection ..................... 20 Report of Working Group 3: Potential CITES implementation issues ........................................... 30 Background Documents .................................................................................................................. 33 Sea Cucumber Biology, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Status, C. Conand .......... 33 Harvest and Trade in Sea Cucumbers, C. Conand ................................................................... 51 Management and Conservation Strategies and Practices for Sea Cucumbers, A.Bruckner ....... 74 CITES and Sea Cucumbers, G. Sant ...................................................................................... 104 Country Reports ........................................................................................................................... 122 China .................................................................................................................................... 122 Hong Komg SAR of China .................................................................................................... 135 Cuba ..................................................................................................................................... 141 Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) ................................................................................................. 145 Fiji ........................................................................................................................................ 149 Indonesia .............................................................................................................................. 153 Jamaica ................................................................................................................................. 154 Japan .................................................................................................................................... 158 Mexico ................................................................................................................................. 166 Malaysia ............................................................................................................................... 169
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SEDIMENT REMOVAL ACTIVITIES of the SEA CUCUMBERS Pearsonothuria Graeffei and Actinopyga Echinites in TAMBISAN, SIQUIJOR ISLAND, CENTRAL PHILIPPINES
    Jurnal Pesisir dan Laut Tropis Volume 1 Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 SEDIMENT REMOVAL ACTIVITIES OF THE SEA CUCUMBERS Pearsonothuria graeffei AND Actinopyga echinites IN TAMBISAN, SIQUIJOR ISLAND, CENTRAL PHILIPPINES Lilibeth A. Bucol1, Andre Ariel Cadivida1, and Billy T. Wagey2* 1. Negros Oriental State University (Main Campus I) 2. Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, UNSRAT, Manado, Indonesia *e-mail: [email protected] Teripang terkenal mengkonsumsi sejumlah besar sedimen dan dalam proses meminimalkan jumlah lumpur yang negatif dapat mempengaruhi organisme benthic, termasuk karang. Kegiatan pengukuran kuantitas pelepasan sedimen dua spesies holothurians (Pearsonuthuria graeffei dan Actinophyga echites) ini dilakukan di area yang didominasi oleh ganggang dan terumbu terumbu karang di Pulau Siquijor, Filipina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P. graeffei melepaskan sedimen sebanyak 12.5±2.07% sementara pelepasan sedimen untuk A. echinites sebanyak 10.4±3.79%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua spesies ini lebih memilih substrat yang didominasi oleh macroalgae, diikuti oleh substrat berpasir dan coralline alga. Kata kunci: teripang, sedimen, Pulau Siquijor INTRODUCTION the central and southern Philippines. These motile species are found in Coral reefs worldwide are algae-dominated coral reef. declining at an alarming rate due to P. graffei occurs mainly on natural and human-induced factors corals and sponge where they appear (Pandolfi et al. 2003). Anthropogenic to graze on epifaunal algal films, while factors include overfishing, pollution, A. echinites is a deposit feeding and agriculture resulting to high holothurian that occurs mainly in sandy sedimentation (Hughes et al. 2003; environments. These two species also Bellwood et al. 2004). Sedimentation is differ on their diel cycle since also a major problem for reef systems A.
    [Show full text]
  • Holoturias (Echinodermata: Holothlroidea) De Las Islas Canarias: Ii. Ordenes Dendrochirotida, Elasipodida Y Apodida Y Molpadida
    Rev .Acad. Canar .Cienc. , IV (nums. 3 y 4), 163-185 (1992) HOLOTURIAS (ECHINODERMATA: HOLOTHLROIDEA) DE LAS ISLAS CANARIAS: II. ORDENES DENDROCHIROTIDA, ELASIPODIDA, APODIDA Y MOLPADIDA. A. Perez-Ruzafa\ C. Marcos' y J.J. Bacallado' ' Depto. de Biologfa Animal y Ecologia. Universidad de Murcia. 30100 Murcia. ' Museo Insular de Ciencias Naturales. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Islas Canarias ABSTRACT The holothurian fauna of Canary Islands has been studied on ihe base of mid-, infra- and circaliltoral sampling, existing museum collections and bibliographic data. Its includes 34 species (17 Aspidochirolida. 4 Dendrochirotida, 10 Elasipodida, 2 Apt)dida and 1 Molpadida). This paper presents the catalogue, biological data and determination keys of the Orderes Dendrochirotida, Elasip>odida, Aptxlida and Molpadida and a general discussion about the Class Hololhuroidca in these Islands. KK.\ WORDS: Holothuroidca, Dendrochirotida, Elasipodida, Apodida, Molpadida, Canary Islands. RESUMEN La fauna de holoturias de las islas Canarias ha sido estudiada en base a muestreos realizados en el medio, infra y circaliloral, datos existentes en las colccciones de diferentes museos y referencias bibliograficas. Incluye 34 especies (17 Aspidtxhirotida, 4 Dendrochirotida, lU Elasiptxlida, 2 Apodida y 1 Molpadida). En este Irabajo se prcscnta cl calalogo, datos biologicos y las claves dc detcrminacion dc los Ordcncs Dendrochirotida, Elasipodida. Apodida y Molpadida, asi como una discusion general acerca de la Clase Hololhuroidca en las islas. PALABRAS CLA\T: Hololhuroidca, DcndrvKhirolida, Elasipi^dida, Apodida. Molpadida, Islas Canarias. 1. INTRODLCCION A pesar de la amplia distribucion de esta Clase, de su interes desde el punio de vista comercial (en aspectos como la alimentacion o la investigacion farmacologica) y del importante papel ecologico que juega sobre todo en las comunidades bentonicas, existe una gran escasez de trabajos que se hace mas paiente en determinados grupos sistematicos perienecientes a la misma.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventario De Invertebrados De La Zona Rocosa Intermareal De Montepío, Veracruz, México
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 349-362, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 349-362, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.42628 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.42628349 Inventario de invertebrados de la zona rocosa intermareal de Montepío, Veracruz, México Inventory of invertebrates from the rocky intertidal shore at Montepío, Veracruz, Mexico Aurora Vassallo, Yasmín Dávila, Nelia Luviano, Sara Deneb-Amozurrutia, Xochitl Guadalupe Vital, Carlos Andrés Conejeros, Leopoldo Vázquez y Fernando Álvarez Colección Nacional de Crustáceos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 70-153, 04510 México, D. F., México. [email protected] Resumen. Se presenta el registro de las especies de invertebrados marinos que habitan la costa rocosa intermareal de Montepío, Veracruz, identificados hasta ahora. La información se obtuvo de las colectas realizadas en los últimos 10 años por parte de la Colección Nacional de Crustáceos y los registros adicionales se obtuvieron de la información publicada. El listado de especies incluye las formas de vida en relación con el sustrato, criptofauna o epifauna, así como su tipo de distribución en las 2 principales regiones zoogeográficas marinas para el golfo de México: Carolineana y Caribeña; se incluyen también las especies que sólo se encuentran en el golfo de México. El listado incluye 195 especies pertenecientes a 9 grupos, de los cuales Crustacea es el más diverso con 73 especies, seguido por Mollusca con 69 y Echinodermata con 18; los grupos con menor riqueza específica fueron: Chelicerata con 2 especies y Platyhelminthes y Sipuncula con una sola especie cada grupo. Del total de especies 74 son nuevos registros de localidad y 7 nuevos registros para Veracruz.
    [Show full text]
  • Holothuriidae 1165
    click for previous page Order Aspidochirotida - Holothuriidae 1165 Order Aspidochirotida - Holothuriidae HOLOTHURIIDAE iagnostic characters: Body dome-shaped in cross-section, with trivium (or sole) usually flattened Dand dorsal bivium convex and covered with papillae. Gonads forming a single tuft appended to the left dorsal mesentery. Tentacular ampullae present, long, and slender. Cuvierian organs present or absent. Dominant spicules in form of tables, buttons (simple or modified), and rods (excluding C-and S-shaped rods). Key to the genera and subgenera of Holothuriidae occurring in the area (after Clark and Rowe, 1971) 1a. Body wall very thick; podia and papillae short, more or less regularly arranged on bivium and trivium; spicules in form of rods, ovules, rosettes, but never as tables or buttons ......→ 2 1b. Body wall thin to thick; podia irregularly arranged on the bivium and scattered papillae on the trivium; spicules in various forms, with tables and/or buttons present ...(Holothuria) → 4 2a. Tentacles 20 to 30; podia ventral, irregularly arranged on the interradii or more regularly on the radii; 5 calcified anal teeth around anus; spicules in form of spinose rods and rosettes ...........................................Actinopyga 2b. Tentacles 20 to 25; podia ventral, usually irregularly arranged, rarely on the radii; no calcified anal teeth around anus, occasionally 5 groups of papillae; spicules in form of spinose and/or branched rods and rosettes ............................→ 3 3a. Podia on bivium arranged in 3 rows; spicules comprise rocket-shaped forms ....Pearsonothuria 3b. Podia on bivium not arranged in 3 rows; spicules not comprising rocket-shaped forms . Bohadschia 4a. Spicules in form of well-developed tables, rods and perforated plates, never as buttons .....→ 5 4b.
    [Show full text]
  • Thèse Lavitra Final Version.Pdf
    Caractérisation, contrôle et optimalisation des processus impliqués dans le développement postmétamorphique de l’holothurie comestible Holothuria scabra (Jaeger, 1833) (Holothuroidea : Echinodermata). Item Type Thesis/Dissertation Authors Thierry, Lavitra Publisher Université de Mons-Hainaut et Université de Toliara Download date 28/09/2021 08:57:47 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/9541 Université de Mons-Hainaut Faculté des Sciences Laboratoire de Biologie Marine Caractérisation, contrôle et optimalisation des processus impliqués dans le développement postmétamorphique de l’holothurie comestible Holothuria scabra (Jaeger, 1833) (Holothuroidea : Echinodermata) Thèse présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en Sciences Septembre 2008 Présentée par Thierry LAVITRA Promoteur : Prof. Igor EECKHAUT M U H bio mar Membres du Jury : Prof. Chantal CONAND Université de la Réunion, France Prof. Richard RASOLOFONIRINA Université de Tuléar, Madagascar Dr. Patrick FLAMMANG Université de Mons-Hainaut, Belgique Prof. Philippe GROSJEAN Université de Mons-Hainaut, Belgique Prof. Igor EECKHAUT Université de Mons-Hainaut, Belgique Remerciements REMERCIEMENTS Ce travail de thèse n’aurait pas pu voir le jour sans le soutien financier de la Commission Universitaire pour le Développement (CUD) de la Communauté française de Belgique et du Gouvernement Malgache. Il a été effectué au sein de l’Aqua-Lab/IH.SM-Madagascar (Institut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines, dirigé par le Dr. Man Wai Rabenevanana) et des laboratoires de Biologie Marine de l’Université de Mons-Hainaut et de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles-Belgique (dirigé par le Professeur Michel Jangoux). En tout premier lieu, j’exprime ma vive gratitude au Professeur Michel Jangoux de m’avoir accueilli au sein de son laboratoire.
    [Show full text]
  • AC22 Inf. 1 (English Only/Únicamente En Inglés/Seulement En Anglais)
    AC22 Inf. 1 (English only/Únicamente en inglés/Seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ___________________ Twenty-second meeting of the Animals Committee Lima (Peru), 7-13 July 2006 SUMMARY OF FAO AND CITES WORKSHOPS ON SEA CUCUMBERS: MAJOR FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS 1. This document has been submitted by the Secretariat and was prepared by Verónica Toral-Granda, Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos Islands (Email: [email protected]) Advances in Sea Cucumber Aquaculture and Management (ASCAM), convened by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO); 14-18 October 2003, Dalian, China 2. In October 2003, FAO gathered in Dalian, China, 11 local and 37 international experts from 20 countries on sea cucumbers biology, ecology, fisheries and aquaculture in the “Advances in sea cucumber aquaculture and management (ASCAM)” workshop. This workshop was organized because of the intense fishing effort for many sea cucumber species all over the world, the ever increasing market pressure for harvesting these species and recent technological developments on fishery management, aquaculture and stock enhancement techniques. 3. The workshop had three sessions focusing on: (i) Status of sea cucumber and utilization; (ii) Sea cucumber resources management; and (iii) Aquaculture advances. As a whole, the workshop presented up-to-date information on the status of different sea cucumber populations around the world. It also emphasized the experience of each participating country in management and identified information gaps that needed to be addressed. Additionally, it devoted one session to the advances of artificial reproduction, aquaculture and farming of selected sea cucumber species, with special emphasis on Apostichopus japonicus.
    [Show full text]
  • Apostichopus Japonicus
    Acta Oceanol. Sin., 2018, Vol. 37, No. 5, P. 54–66 DOI: 10.1007/s13131-017-1101-4 http://www.hyxb.org.cn E-mail: [email protected] Differential gene expression in the body wall of the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) under strong lighting and dark conditions ZHANG Libin1, 2, FENG Qiming1, 3, SUN Lina1, 2, FANG Yan4, XU Dongxue5, ZHANG Tao1, 2, YANG Hongsheng1, 2* 1 CAS Key laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 2 Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4 School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China 5 College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China Received 25 January 2017; accepted 9 March 2017 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus is very sensitive to light changes. It is important to study the influence of light on the molecular response of A. japonicus. In this study, RNA-seq provided a general overview of the gene expression profiles of the body walls of A. japonicus exposed to strong light (“light”), normal light (“control”) and fully dark (“dark”) environment. In the comparisons of “control” vs. “dark”, ”control” vs. “light” and “dark” vs. “light”, 1 161, 113 and 1 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified following the criteria of |log2ratio|≥1 and FDR≤0.001, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed that “cellular process” and “binding” enriched the most DEGs in the category of “biological process” and “molecular function”, while “cell” and “cell part” enriched the most DEGs in the category of “cellular component”.
    [Show full text]
  • Separation of a Novel Species from Actinopyga Mauritiana
    Egypt. J. Aquat. Biol. & Fish., Vol. 20, No. 4: 39 – 45 (2016) ISSN 1110 – 6131 Separation of a novel species from Actinopyga mauritiana (Holothuroidea: Holothuriidae) species complex, based on ecological, morphological and mitochondrial DNA evidence. Mohammed I. Ahmed Marine Science Department, faculty of science, Suez Canal University, Egypt. ABSTRACT Sea cucumbers are a diverse group of echinoderms, approximately more than 1,400 species around the world belonging to six orders and 25 families. In Egypt, sea cucumber is overfished along the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea and in most cases, species are being commercialized without a clear taxonomic identification. Two color morphs of the holothurian Actinopyga mauritiana were found in the Egyptian Red Sea coast and Gulf of Aqaba. Both morphs were found to have different habitats and depth preferences, morphological and molecular examination of both morphs along the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea uncovered new species diversity within the Actinopyga species complex and the discovery of novel species Actinopyga sp. nov. Keywords: Sea cucumber; Actinopyga mauritiana; Red Sea; DNA barcoding; COI INTRODUCTION Actinopyga (Bronn, 1860) is one of the five genera in the family Holothuriidae (Rowe 1969; Rowe & Gates 1995; Massinet al., 2004; Kerr et al 2005; Samyn et al., 2005). Within the genus there are sixteen species generally recognized as valid :Actinopyga agassizii (Selenka, 1867); A. albonigra (Cherbonnier and Féral, 1984); A. bacilla (Cherbonnier, 1980); A. bannwarthi (Panning, 1944); A. caroliniana (Tan Tiu, 1981); A. crassa (Panning, 1944); A. echinites (Jaeger, 1833); A. flammea (Cherbonnier, 1979); A. fusca (Cherbonnier, 1980); A. lecanora(Jaeger, 1833); A. miliaris (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833); A.
    [Show full text]
  • Predator Defense Mechanisms in Shallow Water Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea)
    PREDATOR DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN SHALLOW WATER SEA CUCUMBERS (HOLOTHUROIDEA) JESSICA A. CASTILLO Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA Abstract. The various predator defense mechanisms possessed by shallow water sea cucumbers were surveyed in twelve different species and morphs. While many defense mechanisms such as the presence of Cuverian tubules, toxic secretions, and unpalatability have been identified in holothurians, I hypothesized that the possession of these traits as well as the degree to which they are utilized varies from species to species. The observed defense mechanisms were compared against a previously-derived phylogeny of the sea cucumbers of Moorea. Furthermore, I hypothesized that while the presence of such structures is most likely a result of the species’ placement on a phylogenetic tree, the degree to which they utilize such structures and their physical behavior are influenced by their individual ecologies. The presence of a red liquid secretion was restricted to individuals of the genus Holothuria (Linnaeus 1767) however not all members of the genus exhibited this trait. With the exception of H. leucospilota, which possessed both Cuverian tubules and a red secretion, Cuverian tubules were observed in members of the genus Bohadschia (Ostergren 1896). In accordance with the hypothesis, both the phylogenetics and individual ecology appear to influence predator defense mechanisms. However, even closely related species of similar ecology may differ considerably. Key words: holothurians; defense; toxicity; Cuverian tubules; Moorea, French Polynesia INTRODUCTION (Sakthivel et. Al, 1994). Approximately 20 species in two families and five genera, Sea cucumbers belong to the phylum including Holothuria, Bohadschia, and Thenelota, Echinodermata and the class Holothuroidea.
    [Show full text]
  • Europa, Glorieuses, Juan De Nova), Mozambique Channel, France Chantal Conand, Thierry Mulochau, Sabine Stöhr, Marc Eléaume, Pascale Chabanet
    Inventory of echinoderms in the Iles Eparses (Europa, Glorieuses, Juan de Nova), Mozambique Channel, France Chantal Conand, Thierry Mulochau, Sabine Stöhr, Marc Eléaume, Pascale Chabanet To cite this version: Chantal Conand, Thierry Mulochau, Sabine Stöhr, Marc Eléaume, Pascale Chabanet. Inventory of echinoderms in the Iles Eparses (Europa, Glorieuses, Juan de Nova), Mozambique Channel, France. Acta Oecologica, Elsevier, 2016, 72, pp.53-61. 10.1016/j.actao.2015.06.007. hal-01306705 HAL Id: hal-01306705 https://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-01306705 Submitted on 26 Apr 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Inventory of echinoderms in the Iles Eparses (Europa, Glorieuses, Juan de Nova), Mozambique Channel, France * C. Conand a, b, , T. Mulochau c,S.Stohr€ d,M.Eleaume b, P. Chabanet e a Ecomar, UniversitedeLaReunion, 97715 La Reunion, France b Departement Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, MNHN, 47 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France c BIORECIF, 3 ter rue de l'albatros, 97434 La Reunion, France d Swedish Museum of Natural History, Frescativagen€ 40, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden e IRD, BP 50172, 97492 Ste Clotilde, La Reunion, France abstract The multidisciplinary programme BioReCIE (Biodiversity, Resources and Conservation of coral reefs at Eparses Is.) inventoried multiple marine animal groups in order to provide information on the coral reef health of the Iles Eparses.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological and Taxonomic Perspective of Triterpenoid Glycosides of Sea Cucumbers of the Family Holothuriidae (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea)
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B 180 (2015) 16–39 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cbpb Review Biological and taxonomic perspective of triterpenoid glycosides of sea cucumbers of the family Holothuriidae (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) Magali Honey-Escandón a,⁎, Roberto Arreguín-Espinosa a, Francisco Alonso Solís-Marín b,YvesSamync a Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 México, D. F., Mexico b Laboratorio de Sistemática y Ecología de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-350, C.P. 04510 México, D. F., Mexico c Scientific Service of Heritage, Invertebrates Collections, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium article info abstract Article history: Since the discovery of saponins in sea cucumbers, more than 150 triterpene glycosides have been described for Received 20 May 2014 the class Holothuroidea. The family Holothuriidae has been increasingly studied in search for these compounds. Received in revised form 18 September 2014 With many species awaiting recognition and formal description this family currently consists of five genera and Accepted 18 September 2014 the systematics at the species-level taxonomy is, however, not yet fully understood. We provide a bibliographic Available online 28 September 2014 review of the triterpene glycosides that has been reported within the Holothuriidae and analyzed the relationship of certain compounds with the presence of Cuvierian tubules. We found 40 species belonging to four genera and Keywords: Cuvierian tubules 121 compounds.
    [Show full text]
  • Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities
    marine drugs Review Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities Timofey V. Malyarenko 1,2,*, Alla A. Kicha 1, Valentin A. Stonik 1,2 and Natalia V. Ivanchina 1,* 1 G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; [email protected] (A.A.K.); [email protected] (V.A.S.) 2 Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Str. 8, 690000 Vladivostok, Russia * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.V.M.); [email protected] (N.V.I.); Tel.: +7-423-2312-360 (T.V.M.); Fax: +7-423-2314-050 (T.V.M.) Abstract: Sphingolipids are complex lipids widespread in nature as structural components of biomembranes. Commonly, the sphingolipids of marine organisms differ from those of terres- trial animals and plants. The gangliosides are the most complex sphingolipids characteristic of vertebrates that have been found in only the Echinodermata (echinoderms) phylum of invertebrates. Sphingolipids of the representatives of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes are the most studied among all echinoderms. In this review, we have summarized the data on sphingolipids of these two classes of marine invertebrates over the past two decades. Recently established structures, properties, and peculiarities of biogenesis of ceramides, cerebrosides, and gangliosides from starfishes and holothurians are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the most complete informa- tion on the chemical structures, structural features, and biological activities of sphingolipids of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes.
    [Show full text]