WEEK 1 452 Pope Leo I Dissuades Attila the Hun from Sacking Rome

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

WEEK 1 452 Pope Leo I Dissuades Attila the Hun from Sacking Rome WEEK 1 452 Pope Leo I dissuades Attila the Hun from sacking Rome. 527 Justinian I becomes Eastern Roman Emperor. 530 St. Benedict founds Monte Cassino WEEK 2 590 Gregory the Great becomes Pope. 597 Augustine arrives in Kent. 718 Saint Boniface, an Englishman, sent to evangelize the Germans. 885 Arrival of the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Bulgaria 1113 St. Bernard of Clarvaux joins the Cisterian Order WEEK 3 410 Rome is sacked by Alaric, King of the Visigoths. 496 Clovis I pagan King of the Franks, converts to the Catholic faith. 563 Saint Columba founds mission in Iona. 585 St. Columban crosses the channel and lands in Brittany 622 Muhammad migrates from Mecca to Medina. WEEK 8 732 Battle of Tours. Charles Martel halts Muslim advance. 754 Pepin promises the Pope central Italy. 800 Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 871 Alfred the Great becomes the first king of a united England. 1016 Canute the Great becomes King of England 1043 Edward the Confessor crowned king of England 1066 William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, invades England WEEK 13 1096 First Crusade. 1209 Founding of the Franciscan Order. 1215 The Magna Carta is sealed by John of England. WEEK 16 1170 Thomas Becket is murdered 1216 Papal recognition of the Dominican Order. 1370 Saint Catherine of Siena calls the Pope to return to Rome. WEEK 21 1274 Thomas Aquinas dies; Summa Theologica published. WEEK 24 1093 St. Anslem becomes Archbishop of Canterbury 1245 St. Albert receives his doctorate 1310 Dante publishes his Divine Comedy WEEK 28 1337 The Hundred Years' War begins. 1347 The Black Death ravages Europe 1429 Joan of Arc lifts the siege of Orléans 1535 John Fisher and Thomas More executed WEEK 31 1517 Luther’s 95 theses 1534 Henry VIII breaks with the church .
Recommended publications
  • The Wars of the Roses
    Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 SW India evangelized 1st Cent. AD Manicheanism was a Gnostic belief that was semi-Christian, but believed in a dualistic cosmology in which Good and Evil were equally powerful – this belief system lasted a long time…eventually almost all Manichean believers assimilated into either more mainstream versions of Christianity, Buddhism, or Islam © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 St. Miltiades: First African Pope. First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD). Presided over the Lateran council of 313. St. Sylvester I: 1st Council of Nicaea (325). Built St. John Lateran, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme and Old St. Peter's Basilica. Stated recipient of Donation of Constantine (later shown to be a forgery) Papal Reigns: St. Miltiades to St. Gregory I "the Great" MILTIADES INNOCENT I FELIX III (II?) JOHN II (2 JULY 311 – 10 JAN 314) (21 DEC 401 – 12 MARCH 417) (13 MARCH 483 – 1 MARCH 492) (2 JAN 533 – 8 MAY 535) MARK BONIFACE I ANASTASIUS II VIGILIUS (336) (28 DEC 418 – 4 SEP 422) (24 NOV 496 – 19 NOV 498) (29 MARCH 537 – 7 JUNE 555) LIBERIUS SIXTUS III HORMISDAS JOHN III (17 MAY 352 – 24 SEP 366) (31 JULY 432 – 18 AUG 440) (20 JULY 514 – 6 AUG 523) (17 JULY 561 – 13 JULY 574) SIRICIUS HILARIUS FELIX IV PELAGIUS II (17 DEC 384 – 26 NOV
    [Show full text]
  • Addressing Conflict in the Fifth Century: Rome and the Wider Church
    _full_journalsubtitle: Journal of Patrology and Critical Hagiography _full_abbrevjournaltitle: SCRI _full_ppubnumber: ISSN 1817-7530 (print version) _full_epubnumber: ISSN 1817-7565 (online version) _full_issue: 1 _full_issuetitle: 0 _full_alt_author_running_head (change var. to _alt_author_rh): 0 _full_alt_articletitle_running_head (change var. to _alt_arttitle_rh): Addressing Conflict in the Fifth Century _full_alt_articletitle_toc: 0 _full_is_advance_article: 0 92 Scrinium 14 (2018) 92-114 Neil www.brill.com/scri Addressing Conflict in the Fifth Century: Rome and the Wider Church Bronwen Neil Macquarie University and University of South Africa [email protected] Abstract In seeking to trace the escalation, avoidance or resolution of conflicts, contemporary social conflict theorists look for incompatible goals, differentials in power, access to social resources, the exercise of control, the expression of dissent, and the strategies employed in responding to disagreements. It is argued here that these concepts are just as applicable to the analysis of historical doctrinal conflicts in Late Antiquity as they are to understanding modern conflicts. In the following, I apply social conflict theory to three conflicts involving the late antique papacy to see what new insights it can proffer. The first is Zosimus's involvement in the dispute over the hierarchy of Gallic bishops at the beginning of the fifth century. The second and longest case-study is Leo I's interven- tion in the Chalcedonian conflict over the natures of Christ. The final brief study is the disputed election of Symmachus at the end of the fifth century. Keywords Christology – Council of Chalcedon – Late antique papacy – Leo I, pope – papal letters – social conflict theory – Symmachus, pope – Zosimus, pope The term “conflict” is usually read as a negative, especially when used in the same phrase as “religious”.
    [Show full text]
  • Basiliscus the Boy-Emperor , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:1 (1983:Spring) P.81
    CROKE, BRIAN, Basiliscus the Boy-Emperor , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:1 (1983:Spring) p.81 Basiliscus the Boy-Emperor Brian Croke OR THE FIFTH AND SIXTH centuries the Chronicle of Victor of F Tunnuna is a valuable source that deserves close inspection. What may not always be sufficiently appreciated, because Victor is most frequently referred to as an African bishop and because he wrote in Latin, is that he spent a good deal of his later life in Con­ stantinople. His Chronicle, which covers the years 444-567, was in fact written in Constantinople and is a generally well-informed source for events in the East during this period.1 Like so many other African bishops, Victor fell foul of his sover­ eign Justinian by defending the works condemned by the emperor in 543 in the so-called Three Chapters edict. This resulted in a trying period of internment for Victor in the Mandracion monastery near Carthage, then on the Balearic Islands, then Algimuritana, and finally with his episcopal colleague Theodore of Cebaruscitana in the prison of the Diocletianic fortress behind the governor's palace in Alexan­ dria (Chron. s.a. 555.2, p.204). In 556 after a twelve-day trial in the praetorium Victor and Theodore were transferred to the Tabennesiote monastery near Canopus, twelve miles east of Alexandria (556.2, p.204). Nine years later, at the request of Justinian himself, Victor and Theodore were summoned from Egypt. At the imperial court they stood their ground in the argument over the 'Three Chapters' with both Justinian and the patriarch Eutychius.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Coins Elementary Manual
    ^1 If5*« ^IP _\i * K -- ' t| Wk '^ ^. 1 Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google PROTAT BROTHERS, PRINTBRS, MACON (PRANCi) Digitized by Google ROMAN COINS ELEMENTARY MANUAL COMPILED BY CAV. FRANCESCO gNECCHI VICE-PRBSIDENT OF THE ITALIAN NUMISMATIC SOaETT, HONORARY MEMBER OF THE LONDON, BELGIAN AND SWISS NUMISMATIC SOCIBTIES. 2"^ EDITION RKVISRD, CORRECTED AND AMPLIFIED Translated by the Rev<> Alfred Watson HANDS MEMBF,R OP THE LONDON NUMISMATIC SOCIETT LONDON SPINK & SON 17 & l8 PICCADILLY W. — I & 2 GRACECHURCH ST. B.C. 1903 (ALL RIGHTS RF^ERVED) Digitized by Google Arc //-/7^. K.^ Digitized by Google ROMAN COINS ELEMENTARY MANUAL AUTHOR S PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION In the month of July 1898 the Rev. A. W. Hands, with whom I had become acquainted through our common interests and stud- ieSy wrote to me asking whether it would be agreeable to me and reasonable to translate and publish in English my little manual of the Roman Coinage, and most kindly offering to assist me, if my knowledge of the English language was not sufficient. Feeling honoured by the request, and happy indeed to give any assistance I could in rendering this science popular in other coun- tries as well as my own, I suggested that it would he probably less trouble ii he would undertake the translation himselt; and it was with much pleasure and thankfulness that I found this proposal was accepted. It happened that the first edition of my Manual was then nearly exhausted, and by waiting a short time I should be able to offer to the English reader the translation of the second edition, which was being rapidly prepared with additions and improvements.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Archaeology and Ancient History 2020 Number 28 Editor: Karl-Johan Lindholm Editorial Board: Assyriology: Olof Pedersén
    Journal of Archaeology and Ancient History 2020 Number 28 Editor: Karl-Johan Lindholm Editorial Board: Assyriology: Olof Pedersén. Archaeology: Anders Kaliff, Neil Price. Classical Archaeology and Ancient History: Gunnel Ekroth, Lars Karlsson. Egyptology: Andreas Dorn. Editorial history, illustrations : www.arkeologi.uu.se/Journal/jaah_28 ISSN: 2001-1199 Published: 2020-12-15 at http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-426054 The Late Roman and Early Byzantine Solidi of the Stiernstedt Ancient Coin Collection Svante Fischer1 1 [email protected] Department of Archaeology and Ancient History Uppsala University, Sweden MB ABSTRACT Svante Fischer 2020. Th e Late Roman and Early Byzantine Solidi of the Stiernstedt Ancient Coin Collection. Journal of Archaeology and Ancient History. 2020, No. 28 pp 1–26. http://urn. kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-426054 Thi s is a study of 33 Late Roman and Early Byzantine solidi from the period 394-565 that are kept in the Stiernstedt Ancient Coin Collection. Th e solidi were acquired in the late nineteenth century by the co-founding president of the Swedish Numismatic Society, August Wilhelm Stiernstedt. After his death, the solidi along with 2,434 other coins were published as a coherent assembly, the Stiernstedt Ancient Coin Collection (Heilborn 1882). Th e entire collec- tion was acquired at a sale from the Bukowski auction house in Stockholm by the Swedish-Texan antebellum cattle baron and gilded age banker Swante Magnus Swenson the same year. Together with many other coins and various prehistoric objects acquired in Sweden, the Stiernstedt Ancient Coin Collec- tion was donated by Swenson in 1891 to the State of Texas under the name of the Swenson Collection.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Western Perceptions of Eastern Romans Undergraduate Research
    1 Western Perceptions of Eastern Romans Undergraduate Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with honors research distinction in Classics in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University By Kaelyn McAdams The Ohio State University April 2017 Project Advisor: Professor Anthony Kaldellis, Department of Classics Chapters Introduction 2 Issues of Roman Identity: Western Perceptions of Eastern Romans 2 Claudian: In Eutropium 3 Context 3 In Eutropium 4 Conclusion 10 Sidonius Apollinaris: Panegyric on Anthemius 11 Context 11 The Panegyric for Anthemius 13 Conclusion 18 Cassiodorus: The Variae 20 Context 20 Cassiodorus and the Variae 21 The Variae: Looking Deeper 22 Conclusion 31 Procopius: On the Outside Looking In 34 Context 34 Procopius’ Wars of Justinian 35 Conclusion 44 Wrapping Up 46 Conclusion 46 Bibliography 49 2 Introduction Issues of Roman Identity: Western Perceptions of Eastern Romans This thesis seeks to explore and interpret perceptions of eastern Romans from Latin political rhetoric produced by western authors. The study begins in 395 CE after the death of Theodosius, and continues through the reign of Justinian. The two sections provided below confront perceptions of eastern Romans through the authors Claudian and Sidonius. Although Claudian and Sidonius are writing at different time periods, they are both writing at a time when the Roman emperors are puppets for semi-barbaric leaders. Roman authors propagate to their audience that Roman culture continues to dominate, and particularly that western Romans are superior to even the eastern Romans. Claudian proclaims western dominance by asserted that the east is made effeminate by Eutropius, and therefore the eastern Romans defaulted to being subordinate to masculine westerners due to gender stereotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix Epsilon
    Appendix Epsilon: The Pavia Intellectual Line Connecting brothers of Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity at Cornell University, tracing their fraternal Big Brother/Little Brother line to tri-Founder John Andrew Rea (1869) John Andrew Rea, tri-founder of Phi Kappa Psi at Cornell . . was advised by Andrew Dickson White, . Olybrius was nephew to Flavius President of Cornell . Maximus . who was lectured by, and referred Jack . Flavius Maximus was grandson to Sextus Rea to, Washington Irving . Probus . and then through the Halle line, Appendix . Sextus Probus was son-in-law and first Delta, to the University of Pavia . cousin to Quintus Olybrius . . Pavia was elevated by the Carolingian . Quintus Olybrius was the son of to Clodius Emperor Lothair . Celsinus Adelphus spouse to Faltonia Betitia Proba . whose grandfather deposed the last . all of the above were Neo-Platonists in the Lombardic king Desiderius . tradition of Plotinus . who ruled in succession to the founder of . Plotimus was a student of Ammonius, he of his dynasty, Alboin . Numenius, he of Pythagoras, he of Pherecydes . Alboin forcefully married Rosamund, . Pythagoras also studied under princess of the Gepids . Anaximenes, he under Anaximander, he under Thales . Rosamund was daugther to Cunimund, last . king of the Gepids. Thales studied in the school of Egyption priest Petiese, who was invested by king Psamtik . the story of Cunimund’s court was . who served under Assyria king preserved by Cassiodorus . Esarhaddon, successor to Sennencherib . . Cassiodorus succeeded Boethius as first . successor to the two Sargons . Minister to the Ostrogoths . Boethius was grandson of Emperor Olybrius . Below we present short biographies of the Pavia intellectual line of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity at Cornell University.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Empire Roman Empire
    NON- FICTION UNABRIDGED Edward Gibbon THE Decline and Fall ––––––––––––– of the ––––––––––––– Roman Empire Read by David Timson Volum e I V 1 Chapter 37 10:00 2 Athanasius introduced into Rome... 10:06 3 Such rare and illustrious penitents were celebrated... 8:47 4 Pleasure and guilt are synonymous terms... 9:52 5 The lives of the primitive monks were consumed... 9:42 6 Among these heroes of the monastic life... 11:09 7 Their fiercer brethren, the formidable Visigoths... 10:35 8 The temper and understanding of the new proselytes... 8:33 9 The passionate declarations of the Catholic... 9:40 10 VI. A new mode of conversion... 9:08 11 The example of fraud must excite suspicion... 9:14 12 His son and successor, Recared... 12:03 13 Chapter 38 10:07 14 The first exploit of Clovis was the defeat of Syagrius... 8:43 15 Till the thirtieth year of his age Clovis continued... 10:45 16 The kingdom of the Burgundians... 8:59 17 A full chorus of perpetual psalmody... 11:18 18 Such is the empire of Fortune... 10:08 19 The Franks, or French, are the only people of Europe... 9:56 20 In the calm moments of legislation... 10:31 2 21 The silence of ancient and authentic testimony... 11:39 22 The general state and revolutions of France... 11:27 23 We are now qualified to despise the opposite... 13:38 24 One of these legislative councils of Toledo... 11:59 25 A monk, who in the profound ignorance... 8:30 26 In a century of perpetual..
    [Show full text]
  • Chronological Overview
    Chronological Overview 284-305 Diocletian and the tetrarchy 565-591 Wars with Persia 306-337 Constantine I (sole ruler from 324) 566 + Slavs begin to infiltrate across Danube frontier; pressure 311 Edict of toleration issued by Galerius on frontier fortresses from Avars 312 Constantine's victory at the Milvian bridge 568+ Lombards driven westward from Danube, invade Italy 313 Edict of toleration issued by Constantine and Licinius 572 Lombards besiege Ravenna 325 Council of Nicaea and condemnation of Arianism (first 577 Major invasion of Balkans led by Avars ecumenical council) 584, 586 Avaro-Slav attacks on Thessalonica 330 Consecration of Constantinople 591-602 Gradual success in pushing Avars back across Danube 337 Baptism and death of Constantine I 602 Maurice overthrown, Phokas proclaimed emperor 361-363 Julian the Apostate leads pagan reaction and attempts to 603 War with Persia; situation in Balkans deteriorates limit the influence of Christianity 610 Phokas overthrown by Heraclius, son of exarch of Africa 364 Jovian dies: empire divided between Valentinian 1 (West) at Carthage and Valens (East) 611-620s Central and northern Balkans lost 378 Defeat and death of Valens at hands of Visigoths at battle 614-619 Persians occupy Syria, Palestine and Egypt of Adrianople 622 Mohammed leaves Mecca for Medina (the 'Hijra') 381 First Council of Constantinople (second ecumenical 622-627 Heraclius campaigns in east against Persians council): reaffirms rejection of Arianism; asserts right of 626 Combined Avaro-Slav and Persian siege of Constantinople
    [Show full text]
  • Rescuing the Gospel
    Preserving the Truth 500 Years & Counting Why start with church history? 1. General Benefits • Inspiration • Projection • Reminder • Motivation 2. Context 3. Refutation of RC claims The Roman Catholic Church: Satan’s greatest masterpiece The danger • Counterfeit • Tradition for Scripture • Pope for Christ • False history for genuine legacy • Sacraments for grace • Mass for genuine corporate worship • Mary for our True Mediator Why start with church history? 1. General Benefits • Inspiration • Projection • Reminder • Motivation 2. Context 3. Refutation of RC claims The attraction • History • Authority • Ignorance • Ritual • Harmony • Family I will build my church 1st Century – The Apostles • Acts 1:8 • Persecution • A.D. 70 • Teams of Elders I will build my church 2nd Century - Martyrs, Confessors & "catholic" Christianity • Persecution • False teaching • Regional leadership • Antioch • “catholic” I will build my church 3rd Century - Persecution, Heresy, Origen & Tertullian • Lower class • The popes • Caesar worship • Theologians & apologists • Origen of Alexandria • Tertullian of North Africa This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA I will build my church 4th Century - Christian empire emerges • Severe persecution to moral decay • 8 significant events 1. Conversion of Constantine (312) 2. Council of Nicaea (Turkey, 325) 3. Constantine moves empire’s capital (330) 4. Council of Constantinople (Turkey, 381) 5. Damasus becomes Bishop of Rome (366-384) 6. Jerome begins Vulgate (382) 7. Conversion of Augustine of Hippo (North
    [Show full text]
  • Church History | First 1000 Years
    Church History | First 1000 Years Introduction What was the price one might pay to become a Christian for the first 300 years after Christ? But as Polycarp was entering the arena, a voice from heaven came to him, saying, ‘Be strong, Polycarp, and play the man.’ No one saw the one speaking, but those of our people who were present heard the voice. … The proconsul was insistent and said: ‘Take the oath, and I shall release you. Curse Christ.’ Polycarp said: ‘Eighty-six years I have served him, and he never did me any wrong. How can I blaspheme my King who saved me?’ --Martyrdom of Polycarp Why were the creeds developed? Persecution How did the first persecution against Christians come about? What an artist the world loses in me. --Nero’s last words What was it about Christians that irked the Roman Emperor Decius to have them killed? What caused Diocletian to persecute Christians during the Great Persecution? Thus, we see that Caesar worship was primarily a test of political loyalty; it was a test of whether or not a man was a good citizen. If a man refused to carry out the ceremony of acknowledging Caesar, he was automatically branded as a traitor and a revolutionary. Exaltation of the emperor, then, created a problem for Christians. They had not failed to pray for the emperor in their meetings, but they would not pray to him in private or in public. --Bruce Shelley e4 | text | church history - first 1000 years • 34 Constantine What was the sign that Constantine saw and what caused him to convert to Christianity? Constantine looked upon his success as proof of the power of Christ and the superi- ority of the Christian religion.
    [Show full text]
  • Emperor Majorian and the Fall of Rome
    The Last Romans: Emperor Majorian and the Fall of Rome A study of the Late Empire and its energetic Emperor University College Tilburg Liberal Arts and Sciences Humanities Major Bachelor Thesis Thesis Supervisor: Prof. Dr. R.C.H. Lesaffer Thesis Author: Janus de Vries Abstract This paper concerns the reign of Emperor Julius Flavius Valerius Majorianus (r. 457-461), placed within the context of the Empire that had started unravelling in the years before his ascension. By analysing the state of Rome during its final period, and the way it faced its barbarian enemies, we can more clearly define and appreciate the sort of task that the last Emperors had to face. In so doing, a case will be presented in which the destruction of Rome was not yet set in stone by the time of Majorian’s reign. From our modern perspective, we are primed to think of the fall of Rome as a long, progressive and inevitable process. This is part of the intellectual heritage of Edward Gibbon’s Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Though the ​ ​ paradigm does not hold as much power as it has in the past, as current scholarship includes a dogged debate on whether the fall of Rome was mainly due to internal causes or due to external causes, this paradigm remains highly influential. The linear thinking of progressive decline, or progressive causes of decline, is still well represented in both traditions. The downside of this perspective is that it does not work well with such figures as Majorian who defy the paradigm by embodying success, rather than failure.
    [Show full text]