Church History | First 1000 Years
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018
Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 Conforming to General Convention 2018 1 Preface Christians have since ancient times honored men and women whose lives represent heroic commitment to Christ and who have borne witness to their faith even at the cost of their lives. Such witnesses, by the grace of God, live in every age. The criteria used in the selection of those to be commemorated in the Episcopal Church are set out below and represent a growing consensus among provinces of the Anglican Communion also engaged in enriching their calendars. What we celebrate in the lives of the saints is the presence of Christ expressing itself in and through particular lives lived in the midst of specific historical circumstances. In the saints we are not dealing primarily with absolutes of perfection but human lives, in all their diversity, open to the motions of the Holy Spirit. Many a holy life, when carefully examined, will reveal flaws or the bias of a particular moment in history or ecclesial perspective. It should encourage us to realize that the saints, like us, are first and foremost redeemed sinners in whom the risen Christ’s words to St. Paul come to fulfillment, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” The “lesser feasts” provide opportunities for optional observance. They are not intended to replace the fundamental celebration of Sunday and major Holy Days. As the Standing Liturgical Commission and the General Convention add or delete names from the calendar, successive editions of this volume will be published, each edition bearing in the title the date of the General Convention to which it is a response. -
The Holy See
The Holy See ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS BENEDICT XVI TO STUDENTS AND STAFF OF THE VENERABLE ENGLISH COLLEGE Monday, 3 December 2012 Your Eminence, dear Brother Bishops, Monsignor Hudson, Students and Staff of the Venerable English College, It gives me great pleasure to welcome you today to the Apostolic Palace, the House of Peter. I greet my Venerable brother, Cardinal Cormac Murphy-O’Connor, a former Rector of the College, and I thank Archbishop Vincent Nichols for his kind words, spoken on behalf of all present. I too look back with great thanksgiving in my heart to the days that I spent in your country in September 2010. Indeed, I was pleased to see some of you at Oscott College on that occasion, and I pray that the Lord will continue to call forth many saintly vocations to the priesthood and the religious life from your homeland. Through God’s grace, the Catholic community of England and Wales is blessed with a long tradition of zeal for the faith and loyalty to the Apostolic See. At much the same time as your Saxon forebears were building the Schola Saxonum, establishing a presence in Rome close to the tomb of Peter, Saint Boniface was at work evangelizing the peoples of Germany. So as a former priest and Archbishop of the See of Munich and Freising, which owes its foundation to that great English missionary, I am conscious that my spiritual ancestry is linked with yours. Earlier still, of course, my predecessor Pope Gregory the Great was moved to send Augustine of Canterbury to your shores, to plant the seeds of Christian faith on Anglo-Saxon soil. -
Events of the Reformation Part 1 – Church Becomes Powerful Institution
May 20, 2018 Events of the Reformation Protestants and Roman Catholics agree on first 5 centuries. What changed? Why did some in the Church want reform by the 16th century? Outline Why the Reformation? 1. Church becomes powerful institution. 2. Additional teaching and practices were added. 3. People begin questioning the Church. 4. Martin Luther’s protest. Part 1 – Church Becomes Powerful Institution Evidence of Rome’s power grab • In 2nd century we see bishops over regions; people looked to them for guidance. • Around 195AD there was dispute over which day to celebrate Passover (14th Nissan vs. Sunday) • Polycarp said 14th Nissan, but now Victor (Bishop of Rome) liked Sunday. • A council was convened to decide, and they decided on Sunday. • But bishops of Asia continued the Passover on 14th Nissan. • Eusebius wrote what happened next: “Thereupon Victor, who presided over the church at Rome, immediately attempted to cut off from the common unity the parishes of all Asia, with the churches that agreed with them, as heterodox [heretics]; and he wrote letters and declared all the brethren there wholly excommunicate.” (Eus., Hist. eccl. 5.24.9) Everyone started looking to Rome to settle disputes • Rome was always ending up on the winning side in their handling of controversial topics. 1 • So through a combination of the fact that Rome was the most important city in the ancient world and its bishop was always right doctrinally then everyone started looking to Rome. • So Rome took that power and developed it into the Roman Catholic Church by the 600s. Church granted power to rule • Constantine gave the pope power to rule over Italy, Jerusalem, Constantinople and Alexandria. -
Saint Jordan of Bristol: from the Catacombs of Rome to College
THE BRISTOL BRANCH OF THE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION LOCAL HISTORY PAMPHLETS SAINT JORDAN OF B�ISTOL: FROM THE CATACOMBS OF ROME Hon. General Editor: PETER HARRIS TO COLLEGE GREEN AT BRISTOL Assistant General Editor: NORMA KNIGHT Editorial Advisor: JOSEPH BETTEY THE CHAPEL OF ST JORDAN ON COLLEGE GREEN Intercessions at daily services in Bristol Cathedral conclude with the Saint Jordan of Bristol: from the Cataconibs of Rome to College Green at following act of commitment and memorial: Bristol is the one hundred and twentieth pamphlet in this series. We commit ourselves, one another and our whole life to Christ David Higgins was Head of the Department of Italian Studies at the our God ... remembering all who have gone before us in faith, and University of Bristol until retirement in 1995. His teaching and research in communion with Mary, the Apostles Peter and Paul, Augustine embraced the political, cultural and linguistic history of Italy in its and Jordan and all the Saints. Mediterranean and European contexts from the Late Roman Period to the Patron Saints of a city, as opposed to a country, are a matter of local Middle Ages, while his publications include Dante: The Divine Comedy choice and tradition - in England he or she is normally the patron saint (Oxford World's Classics 1993) as well as articles in archaeological journals of the city's Cathedral: St Paul (London), St Augustine (Canterbury), St Mary on the Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods of the Bristol area, and in this and St Ethelbert (Hereford); while St David of Wales and St Andrew of series The History of the Bristol Region in the Roman Period and The· Scotland gave their names to the cities in question. -
Christopher White Table of Contents
Christopher White Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Peter the “rock”? ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Churches change over time ...................................................................................................................... 6 The Church and her earthly pilgrimage .................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1 The Apostle Peter (d. 64?) : First Bishop and Pope of Rome? .................................................. 11 Peter in Rome ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Yes and No .............................................................................................................................................. 13 The death of Peter .................................................................................................................................. 15 Chapter 2 Pope Sylvester (314-335): Constantine’s Pope ......................................................................... 16 Constantine and his imprint .................................................................................................................... 17 “Remembering” Sylvester ...................................................................................................................... -
An Introduction, Phonological, Morphological, Syntactic to The
AN INTRODUCTION, PHONOLOGICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, SYNTACTIC, TO THE GOTHIC OF ULFILAS. BY T. LE MARCHANT DOUSE. LONDON: TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. 1886, PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, BED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. PREFACE. THIS book was originally designed to accompany an edition of Ulfilas for which I was collecting materials some eight or nine years ago, but which various con- siderations led me to lay aside. As, however, it had long seemed to me equally strange and deplorable that not a single work adapted to aid a student in acquiring a knowledge of Gothic was to be found in the English book-market, I pro- ceeded to give most of the time at my disposal to the " building up of this Introduction," on a somewhat larger scale than was at first intended, in the hope of being able to promote the study of a dialect which, apart from its native force and beauty, has special claims on the attention of more than one important class of students. By the student of linguistic science, indeed, these claims are at once admitted ; for the Gothic is one of the pillars on which rests the comparative grammar of the older both Indo-European languages in general, and also, pre-eminently, of the Teutonic cluster of dialects in particular. a But good knowledge of Gothic is scarcely less valuable to the student of the English language, at rate, of the Ancient or any English Anglo-Saxon ; upon the phonology of which, and indeed the whole grammar, the Gothic sheds a flood of light that is not to be got from any other source. -
Editorial Benedict and Newman
ECCLESIOLOGY Ecclesiology 7 (2011) 3–6 brill.nl/ecso Editorial Benedict and Newman One week after the visit of Pope Benedict XVI to Britain the dust has begun to settle and it is possible to start to take stock. Formally, the visit was a ‘state visit’. Th e invitation came from the former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Gordon Brown; the Pope was received by HM Th e Queen at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh; the Pope addressed an audience of politicians (including four past Prime Ministers) and civic leaders in Westminster Hall, the historic centre of governance. His major theme in the ‘state’ aspect of his tour was the vital contribution that Christianity makes to the common good of a nation. He came in humility as befi ts any Christian and any pastor, but particularly the overseer of a church that has been dragged through the mire by multiple revelations of sexual abuse by priests and mis- guided reactions by those in authority over them. Against this background, the Holy Father spoke gently but fi rmly; he did not hector and there was no fi nger-wagging at moral failure. Only in that way could he have carried it off and avoided the charge, ‘Physician, heal yourself!’. By striking the note of humility and loving concern the Pope’s ministry steadied Christians of all per- suasions in the face of the noisy campaign of the militant atheists and secular- ists. Th e spiritual health of the kingdom received a boost. Although it was formally a state visit, the Pope’s ministry in Britain was marked by a strong pastoral quality. -
The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church
The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church The Ecumenical Councils of the Catholic Church A History Joseph F. Kelly A Michael Glazier Book LITURGICAL PRESS Collegeville, Minnesota www.litpress.org A Michael Glazier Book published by Liturgical Press Cover design by David Manahan, OSB. Painting in Kiev, Sofia. Photo by Sasha Martynchuk. © Sasha Martynchuk and iStockphoto. Scripture texts in this work are taken from the New American Bible with Revised New Testament and Revised Psalms © 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Washington, DC, and are used by permission of the copyright owner. All Rights Reserved. No part of the New American Bible may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the copyright owner. © 2009 by Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, microfilm, microfiche, mechanical recording, photocopying, translation, or by any other means, known or yet unknown, for any purpose except brief quotations in reviews, without the previ- ous written permission of Liturgical Press, Saint John’s Abbey, PO Box 7500, Col- legeville, Minnesota 56321-7500. Printed in the United States of America. 123456789 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kelly, Joseph F. (Joseph Francis), 1945– The ecumenical councils of the Catholic Church : a history / Joseph F. Kelly. p. cm. “A Michael Glazier book”—T.p. verso. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 978-0-8146-5376-0 (pbk.) 1. Councils -
Lesson 18 - the Situation in the West After the Fall of Rome
Church History Lesson 18 - The Situation in the West After the Fall of Rome 1. Introduction - A Crumbling Empire 1.1. In the last session we looked at a number of Christological controversies which embroiled the church, and consequently the Empire, up until the council of Chalcedon in 451. 1.2. As we saw, these controversies involved both the East and the West, but there were of far greater concern in the East than in the West, and the majority of bishops attending the various councils were overwhelmingly from the East. 1.3. Although there were a number of reasons for this, one of the major reasons was the rapidly changing situation in the West. After Rome was sacked for the first time in 410 AD, it sent shockwaves through the whole empire, but especially in the West. Although the Eastern part of the Empire continued in one form or another for over 1,000 years more, the situation in the West was far different. 1.4. Today we will take a brief look at what happened in the West after the first sacking of Rome in 410, and see how this affected life and the church in the West for the next 300 years or so. 2. The Barbarian Invasions 2.1. The events that most affected life and the church in the West were a series of invasions by “barbarian” tribes. 2.2. Obviously the first major invasion was when Alaric and his band of Visigoths, who invaded Italy and sacked Rome in 410. It was the shockwaves from this event that caused Augustine to write his opus City of God. -
The Wars of the Roses
Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 © Jason Asbell, 2019 SW India evangelized 1st Cent. AD Manicheanism was a Gnostic belief that was semi-Christian, but believed in a dualistic cosmology in which Good and Evil were equally powerful – this belief system lasted a long time…eventually almost all Manichean believers assimilated into either more mainstream versions of Christianity, Buddhism, or Islam © Jason Asbell, 2019 Unit 2: Roman Church and the Rise of the Papal State © Jason Asbell, 2019 St. Miltiades: First African Pope. First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD). Presided over the Lateran council of 313. St. Sylvester I: 1st Council of Nicaea (325). Built St. John Lateran, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme and Old St. Peter's Basilica. Stated recipient of Donation of Constantine (later shown to be a forgery) Papal Reigns: St. Miltiades to St. Gregory I "the Great" MILTIADES INNOCENT I FELIX III (II?) JOHN II (2 JULY 311 – 10 JAN 314) (21 DEC 401 – 12 MARCH 417) (13 MARCH 483 – 1 MARCH 492) (2 JAN 533 – 8 MAY 535) MARK BONIFACE I ANASTASIUS II VIGILIUS (336) (28 DEC 418 – 4 SEP 422) (24 NOV 496 – 19 NOV 498) (29 MARCH 537 – 7 JUNE 555) LIBERIUS SIXTUS III HORMISDAS JOHN III (17 MAY 352 – 24 SEP 366) (31 JULY 432 – 18 AUG 440) (20 JULY 514 – 6 AUG 523) (17 JULY 561 – 13 JULY 574) SIRICIUS HILARIUS FELIX IV PELAGIUS II (17 DEC 384 – 26 NOV -
Greek Texts and English Translations of the Bible: A
GREEK TEXTS AND ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF THE BIBLE: A COMPARISON AND CONTRAST OF THE TEXTUS RECEPTUS GREEK NEW TESTAMENT OF THE 16th CENTURY AND THE ALEXANDRIAN TEXT OF WESTCOTT AND HORT (19th CENTURY) AND ALAND AND METZGER (20th CENTURY) CONCERNING VARIANT TEXTS THAT PERTAIN TO THE ORTHODOX CHRISTOLOGY OF THE COUNCIL OF NICEA, A.D. 325 Gil L. Samples, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS December 2002 APPROVED: Laura I. Stern, Major Professor Harold Tanner, Chair of the Department of History Henry Eaton, Committee Member Adrian R. Lewis, Committee Member C. Neal Tate, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Samples, Gil L. Greek texts and English translations of the Bible: a comparison and contrast of the Textus Receptus Greek New Testament of the 16th century and the Alexandrian text of Westcott and Hort (19th century) and Aland and Metzger (20th century) concerning variant texts that pertain to the orthodox Christology of the Council of Nicea, A.D. 325. Master of Arts (History), December 2002, 155 pp., 149 titles. The argument of this paper is that certain salient passages in the New Testament concerning Christology, as it was defined in the Nicene creed in A.D. 325, reflect such orthodoxy better in the Textus Receptus Greek texts and the English translations made from them than do the Alexandrian texts. Arian theology, which was condemned as heretical at Nicea, is examined. Patristic quotations, historical texts, and arguments of the scholars are cited and traced, along with a comparison of Christological verses. -
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character J. Steven Davis Submitted to Dr. Jerry Sutton School of Divinity Liberty University September 19, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I: Research Proposal Abstract .............................................................................................................................11 Background ......................................................................................................................11 Limitations ........................................................................................................................18 Method of Research .........................................................................................................19 Thesis Statement ..............................................................................................................21 Outline ...............................................................................................................................21 Bibliography .....................................................................................................................27 Chapter II: Background of Athanasius An Influential Figure .......................................................................................................33 Early Life ..........................................................................................................................33 Arian Conflict ...................................................................................................................36