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Excess Fertility and Family Planning in Rwanda Excess Fertility and Family Planning in Rwanda Understanding the Shift to a High Contraceptive Prevalence Country This study was accomplished with financial support from the Netherlands Organisation for International Cooperation in Higher Education (Nuffic), the Hewlett Foundation and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/WOTRO): grant number: W07 40 202 00. ISBN: 978-90-393-6182-5 Printed by AllPrint Utrecht Copyright © Dieudonné Ndaruhuye Muhoza, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden vermenigvuldigd en/of openbaar gemaakt door middel van druk, fotokopie of op welke andere wijze dan ook zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, by print, microfilm or any other means, without written permission by the publisher Excess Fertility and Family Planning in Rwanda This study was accomplished with financial support from the Netherlands Organisation for International Cooperation in Higher Education (Nuffic), the Hewlett Foundation and the Understanding the shift to a high contraceptive prevalence country Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/WOTRO): grant number: W07 40 202 00. Gewenst Kindertal en Gezinsplanning in Rwanda: een onderzoek naar de snelle toename in het gebruik van anticonceptie (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ISBN: 978-90-393-6182-5 Printed by AllPrint Utrecht ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof.dr. G.J. van der Zwaan, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties Copyright © Dieudonné Ndaruhuye Muhoza, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 22 december 2014 des middags te 12.45 uur Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden vermenigvuldigd en/of openbaar gemaakt door middel van druk, fotokopie of op welke andere wijze dan ook zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, by print, door microfilm or any other means, without written permission by the publisher Dieudonné Ndaruhuye Muhoza geboren op 7 mei 1963 te Milimba (Fizi), D.R.Congo Contents Promotor: Prof. dr. P. Hooimeijer Copromotor: Dr. E.J.A. Harts-Broekhuis 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Assessment Committee 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background: a country in distress .................................................................................. 1 Prof. dr. K. Murungaru Population Studies and Research Institute, University of Nairobi, Kenya 1.3 Population trends in the last half century ....................................................................... 2 Prof. dr. I. Hutter 1.4 Problems resulting from high population density and continued rapid population Faculteit Ruimtelijke Wetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen growth ............................................................................................................................ 4 Dr. J. Smits 1.5 Brief history of the population policy in Rwanda .......................................................... 5 Faculteit Management Wetenschappen, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen 1. 6 Theoretical framework ................................................................................................... 7 Prof. dr. E.B. Zoomers 1.7 Thesis outline and research questions ............................................................................ 9 Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht References ............................................................................................................................ 11 Prof. dr. P.P. Groenewegen Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht 2 Variations in desired family size and excess fertility in East Africa .......................... 14 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 14 2.2 Background .................................................................................................................. 15 2.3 Literature review .......................................................................................................... 16 2.4 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................. 19 2.5 Results .......................................................................................................................... 22 2.6 Discussion and Conclusion .......................................................................................... 27 References ............................................................................................................................ 29 3 Demand and Unmet Need for Means of Family Limitation in Rwanda ................... 34 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 34 3.2 Fertility decline and structures of provision ................................................................ 36 3.3 Methods........................................................................................................................ 37 3.4 Results .......................................................................................................................... 38 3.5 Demand for family limitation ...................................................................................... 41 3.6 Unmet need for family limitation ................................................................................ 44 3.7 Discussion .................................................................................................................... 46 References ............................................................................................................................ 49 4 Demand and Unmet need to space births in Rwanda: A two-step analysis of determinants ................................................................................................................... 52 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 53 4.2 Socio-cultural aspects of birth spacing in Rwanda ...................................................... 54 4.3 Factors driving the demand and unmet need for birth spacing .................................... 54 4.4 Data and Methodology ................................................................................................. 56 Contents Promotor: Prof. dr. P. Hooimeijer Copromotor: Dr. E.J.A. Harts-Broekhuis 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Assessment Committee 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background: a country in distress .................................................................................. 1 Prof. dr. K. Murungaru Population Studies and Research Institute, University of Nairobi, Kenya 1.3 Population trends in the last half century ....................................................................... 2 Prof. dr. I. Hutter 1.4 Problems resulting from high population density and continued rapid population Faculteit Ruimtelijke Wetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen growth ............................................................................................................................ 4 Dr. J. Smits 1.5 Brief history of the population policy in Rwanda .......................................................... 5 Faculteit Management Wetenschappen, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen 1. 6 Theoretical framework ................................................................................................... 7 Prof. dr. E.B. Zoomers 1.7 Thesis outline and research questions ............................................................................ 9 Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht References ............................................................................................................................ 11 Prof. dr. P.P. Groenewegen Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht 2 Variations in desired family size and excess fertility in East Africa .......................... 14 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 14 2.2 Background .................................................................................................................. 15 2.3 Literature review .......................................................................................................... 16 2.4 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................. 19 2.5 Results .......................................................................................................................... 22 2.6 Discussion and Conclusion .......................................................................................... 27 References ...........................................................................................................................
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