Disability in Different Cultures Reflections on Local Concepts

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Disability in Different Cultures Reflections on Local Concepts Disability in Different Cultures Reflections on Local Concepts Disability in Different Cultures Reflections on Local Concepts edited by Brigitte Holzer Arthur Vreede Gabriele Weigt This book is a collection of contributions presented and discussed at the symposium “Local Concepts and Beliefs of Disability in Different Cultures” (21st to 24th May 1998), organized and coordinated by the following NGOs: Behinderung und Entwicklungszusammenarbeit e.V. Essen/Germany Foundation Comparative Research, Amsterdam/The Netherlands Institut für Theorie und Praxis der Subsistenz e.V. Bielefeld/Germany Gustav-Stresemann-Institut e.V. Bonn/Germany The book is supported by grants from: Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalen Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung Bundesministerium für Gesundheit Kirchlicher Entwicklungsdienst der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland durch den ABP Kindernothilfe e.V. Medico International e.V. Mensen in Nood/Caritas Raad voor de Zending der Nederlands Hervormde Kerk Studygroup on Transcultural Rehabilitation Medicine This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. Die Deutsche Bibliothek – CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Disability in different cultures : reflections on local concepts ; [presented and discussed at the Symposium “Local Concepts and Beliefs of Disability in Different Cultures” (21st to 24th May 1998)] / ed. by Brigitte Holzer ... [Organized and coordinated by the following NGOs: Behinderung und Entwicklungszusammenarbeit e. V. ...]. – Bielefeld : transcript Verl., 1999 ISBN 3–933127–40–8 © 1999 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld Translations: Pat Skorge, Dr. Mary Kenney and Eva Schulte-Nölle Editorial assistance: Pat Skorge Typeset by: digitron GmbH, Bielefeld Cover Layout: orange|rot, Bielefeld Printed by: Digital Print, Witten ISBN 3–933127–40–8 5 Contents Introduction . 9 Brigitte Holzer, Arthur Vreede, Gabriele Weigt Concepts and Beliefs about Disability in Various Local Contexts Stigma or Sacredness. Notes on Dealing with Disability in an Andean Culture . 27 Ina Rösing Everyone Has Something to Give. Living with Disability in Juchitán, Oaxaca, Mexico . 44 Brigitte Holzer Defining the Role of Religion and Spirituality in the Lives of Persons with Disability in the Fatick Region, Senegal, and the Mono Region, Benin . 58 Erick V.A. Gbodossou Folklore Based Analysis for a Culture-Specific Concept of Inclusive Education . 78 Joseph Kisanji Blindness in South and East Asia: Using History to Inform Development . 88 M. Miles Some Cultural Representations of Disability in Jordan: Concepts and Beliefs . 102 Majid Turmusani 6 Bio-Medical versus Indigenous Approaches to Disability . 114 Sophie Kasonde-Ng’andou The Use of Non-Western Approaches for Special Education in the Western World. A Cross-Cultural Approach . 122 Friedrich Albrecht Concepts of Disability with Regard to Migrants Meanings of Disability for Culturally Diverse and Immigrant Families of Children with Disabilities . 135 Maya Kalyanpur Social Welfare or Socio-Political Entitlement: Disabled People Caught between the Poles of Their Tunisian Origin and Acculturative Pressures . 146 Mustapha Ouertani The Problem of Special-Educational Advancement of Children from Migrant Families – Integrative Help in the Regular Schools to Prevent Multiple Processes of Social Separation . 154 Kerstin Merz-Atalik Disability and Knowledge Transfer in the Field of Development Cooperation Local Knowledge and International Collaboration in Disability Programs . 169 Patrick J. Devlieger Possibilities for Working with Cultural Knowledge in the Rehabilitation of Mine Victims in Luena, Angola . 178 Ulrich Tietze Socio-Cultural Representation of Disability in Target Groups of Rehabilitation Work: Examples from Handicap International Projects . 192 Francois DeKeersmaeker 7 Incorporation of Knowledge of Social and Cultural Factors in the Practice of Rehabilitation Projects . 199 Dee Burck The Importance of Cultural Context in Training for CBR and Other Community Disability Services . 208 Sheila Wirz Western(ised) Personnel from the Practice of Rehabilitation Projects versus Local Cultures . 222 Harry Finkenflügel Differing Perceptions of the Principle of Parent Participation: Implications for Asian Families of Children with Disabilities . 234 Maya Kalyanpur Formal Handling Routines. Child Rearing Practices in Jamaica and Their Relevance to Rehabilitation Work . 242 Annette van der Putten “Nothing about us without us.” Case Studies of Self-Help Movements Meeting Women’s Needs. Women and Girls with Disabilities in the Practice of Rehabilitation Projects . 251 Jenny Kern “We don’t need to be cured first in order to live”: Self-Help in Oaxaca, Mexico (An Account of an Interviw with German Perez Cruz) . 268 Brigitte Holzer The Pan-African Movement of People with Disabilities . 274 Joshua T. Malinga Self-Determined Living in Germany . 277 Ottmar Miles-Paul 8 Towards New Approaches in the Study of Disability in an Intercultural Framework General Issues in Research on Local Concepts and Beliefs about Disability . 285 Nora Ellen Groce Developing Local Concepts of Disability: Cultural Theory and Research Prospects . 297 Patrick J. Devlieger Towards a Methodology for Dis-ability Research among Ethno-Cultural Minorities . 303 Parin Dossa Disability Research in Cultural Contexts: Beyond Methods and Techniques . 314 Kofi Marfo Some Thoughts on Definitions and a Methodology of Cross-Cultural Research Pertaining to Disability . 323 Arthur Vreede Issues of Disability Assessment in War Zones . 332 William Boyce, Seddiq Weera The Participatory Rapid Appraisal Method of Research on Cultural Representations of Disability in Jordan . 343 Majid Turmusani Using Historical Anthropology to Think Disability . 352 Henri Jacques Stiker Authors . 381 9 Introduction Brigitte Holzer, Arthur Vreede, Gabriele Weigt There are at least three good reasons for publishing a reader on the topic of Disability in Different Cultures. The first is of a practical nature: this book is a collection of virtually all the contributions presented and discussed at the symposium Local Concepts and Beliefs about Disability in Different Cultures (21st to 24th May 1998 at the Gustav-Stresemann- Institut e.V. in Bonn, Germany). Here, people with disabilities from both North and South met with special education professionals, people working in development cooperation organisations and students and academics from different disciplines concerned with disability, and started a dialogue which is, we trust, reflected in this reader. It is the editors’ hope that this dialogue, which was at most merely initiated at the symposium, can and will be continued in greater depth on the basis of this collection. The reader has the further aim of carrying the dialogue beyond the restricted circle of symposium participants and making it accessible and comprehensible to a wider public. The second reason for the publication of this book relates to the experiences of many of those engaged in development cooperation and working in NGOs, experiences which represented an important impetus for organising the symposium and which, correspondingly, constituted the central topic of both plenary sessions and working groups. Disability and Culture is an essential issue in development cooperation. On the one hand, disabilities, whether physical, mental or emotional, can be seen as parameters for the structural disadvantaging and deficits of the countries with so-called catching-up development. They are very frequently the results of hunger, malnutrition and wars (cf. the contributions by Tietze, DeKeersmaeker and Boyce/Weera in this volume). Thus NGOs are confronted with the issue of disability, no matter what social and economic areas they are concerned with. On the other hand project planners – advisors, health educators and other socially engaged indivi- duals – find again and again that their work cannot achieve the intended 10 Introduction results, is unsuccessful, is avoided or even completely rejected by the people affected, or that support for a particular person ends in personal disaster, because the target group attributes different meanings to disability from the planners. This can be illustrated by the example of the Cambodian mine victim who was fitted with a prosthesis in an NGO aid programme. Some days later, the man was seen begging at the roadside, minus prosthesis. When asked why he was not wearing it, he replied: Your prostheses can’t feed me (Tietze in this collection, see also the contributions by Kalyanpur and Groce). One of the aims of the reader is, therefore, to create an awareness of the gaps in our knowledge when it comes to the framework of spiritual, cultural and socio-economic condi- tions which affect the issue of disability in different societies, and at the same time an awareness of how to reduce this gap, or rather, how difficult it is to acquire the appropriate knowledge. The third reason for addressing the issue of Disability and Culture is the most wide-reaching, even if it is the least evident at first glance, and relates to the emancipatory potential of the topic. In exploring the wide variety of local concepts of and different ideas and beliefs about disabili- ty, it becomes strikingly clear just how differently a disability may be judged. In this light, disability can no longer be perceived as a physical, psychological or mental characteristic which a person is born with or has acquired in the course of her or his life. On the contrary, it becomes
Recommended publications
  • Sustainable Asset Valuation (Savi) of Senegal's Saloum Delta
    Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) of Senegal’s Saloum Delta An economic valuation of the contribution of the Saloum Delta to sustainable development, focussing on wetlands and mangroves SUMMARY OF RESULTS Andrea M. Bassi Liesbeth Casier Georg Pallaske Oshani Perera Ronja Bechauf © 2020 International Institute for Sustainable Development | IISD.org June 2020 Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) of Senegal’s Saloum Delta © 2020 The International Institute for Sustainable Development Published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development. International Institute for Sustainable Development The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Head Office is an independent think tank championing sustainable solutions 111 Lombard Avenue, Suite 325 to 21st–century problems. Our mission is to promote human Winnipeg, Manitoba development and environmental sustainability. We do this through Canada R3B 0T4 research, analysis and knowledge products that support sound policymaking. Our big-picture view allows us to address the root causes of some of the greatest challenges facing our planet today: Tel: +1 (204) 958-7700 ecological destruction, social exclusion, unfair laws and economic Website: www.iisd.org rules, a changing climate. IISD’s staff of over 120 people, plus over Twitter: @IISD_news 50 associates and 100 consultants, come from across the globe and from many disciplines. Our work affects lives in nearly 100 countries. Part scientist, part strategist—IISD delivers the knowledge to act. IISD is registered as a charitable organization in Canada and has 501(c)(3) status in the United States. IISD receives core operating support from the Province of Manitoba and project funding from numerous governments inside and outside Canada, United Nations agencies, foundations, the private sector and individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundational Principles for Sustainable Inclusion Of
    Foundational Principles and Guidelines for Sustainable Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disability This resource provides organizations with necessary principles and guidelines to ensure the full and sustainable inclusion of people with intellectual disability (ID) in health policies and laws, programming, services, training programs, research, and funding streams. 2018 Foundational Principles and Guidelines for Sustainable Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disability FINAL_03.26.2018 2018 Suggested Citation Association of University Centers on Disabilities (AUCD), Special Olympics International (SOI), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, and Golisano Foundation. (2018). Foundational Principles and Guidelines for Sustainable Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disability. Funder This publication is supported by a subcontract from SOI to AUCD under Cooperative Agreement Number U27 DD001156, funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. Lead Authors Tanisha Clarke, MPH, Senior Program Manager, Disability and Public Health, Association of University Centers on Disabilities (AUCD) Adriane K. Griffen, DrPH, MPH, MCHES®, Senior Director of Public Health and Leadership, Association of University Centers on Disabilities (AUCD) Daphnee Guillaume,
    [Show full text]
  • The Nobel Peace Prize
    TITLE: Learning From Peace Makers OVERVIEW: Students examine The Dalai Lama as a Nobel Laureate and compare / contrast his contributions to the world with the contributions of other Nobel Laureates. SUBJECT AREA / GRADE LEVEL: Civics and Government 7 / 12 STATE CONTENT STANDARDS / BENCHMARKS: -Identify, research, and clarify an event, issue, problem or phenomenon of significance to society. -Gather, use, and evaluate researched information to support analysis and conclusions. OBJECTIVES: The student will demonstrate the ability to... -know and understand The Dalai Lama as an advocate for peace. -research and report the contributions of others who are recognized as advocates for peace, such as those attending the Peace Conference in Portland: Aldolfo Perez Esquivel, Robert Musil, William Schulz, Betty Williams, and Helen Caldicott. -compare and contrast the contributions of several Nobel Laureates with The Dalai Lama. MATERIALS: -Copies of biographical statements of The Dalai Lama. -List of Nobel Peace Prize winners. -Copy of The Dalai Lama's acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize. -Bulletin board for display. PRESENTATION STEPS: 1) Students read one of the brief biographies of The Dalai Lama, including his Five Point Plan for Peace in Tibet, and his acceptance speech for receiving the Nobel Prize for Peace. 2) Follow with a class discussion regarding the biography and / or the text of the acceptance speech. 3) Distribute and examine the list of Nobel Peace Prize winners. 4) Individually, or in cooperative groups, select one of the Nobel Laureates (give special consideration to those coming to the Portland Peace Conference). Research and prepare to report to the class who the person was and why he / she / they won the Nobel Prize.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union's
    Munich Personal RePEc Archive Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union’s East Border Brie, Mircea and Horga, Ioan and Şipoş, Sorin University of Oradea, Romania 2011 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44082/ MPRA Paper No. 44082, posted 31 Jan 2013 05:28 UTC ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER Mircea BRIE Ioan HORGA Sorin ŞIPOŞ (Coordinators) Debrecen/Oradea 2011 This present volume contains the papers of the international conference Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union‟s East Border, held in Oradea between 2nd-5th of June 2011, organized by Institute for Euroregional Studies Oradea-Debrecen, University of Oradea and Department of International Relations and European Studies, with the support of the European Commission and Bihor County Council. CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY STUDIES Mircea BRIE Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Dialogue in the European Border Space.......11 Ioan HORGA Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Education in the Curricula of European Studies .......19 MINORITY AND MAJORITY IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN AREA Victoria BEVZIUC Electoral Systems and Minorities Representations in the Eastern European Area........31 Sergiu CORNEA, Valentina CORNEA Administrative Tools in the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Ethnic Minorities .............................................................................................................47
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Society Groups and the Role of Nonformal Adult Education Gary P
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Building Capacity for Decentralized Local Development in Chad: Civil Society Groups and the Role of Nonformal Adult Education Gary P. Liebert Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION BUILDING CAPACITY FOR DECENTRALIZED LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHAD: CIVIL SOCIETY GROUPS AND THE ROLE OF NONFORMAL ADULT EDUCATION By GARY P. LIEBERT A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded Fall Semester, 2005 Copyright 2005 Gary P. Liebert All rights reserved The members of the Committee approve the dissertation of Gary P. Liebert, defended on August 4, 2005. _______________________________ Peter B. Easton Professor Directing Dissertation _______________________________ John K. Mayo Outside Committee Member _______________________________ Emanuel Shargel Committee Member _______________________________ James H. Cobbe Committee Member Approved: ________________________________________ Joseph Beckham, Chair, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the many people who have helped me on this journey to complete my dissertation. I benefited greatly from the following people (all of whom live outside of Tallahassee) who provided assistance and advice as well as leads for research: Jim Bingen, Jim Alrutz, Richard Maclure, Thea Hilhorst, Trisha Long, Brook Johnson, Suzanne Gervais, Joshua Muskin and Jon Lauglo. I also want to thank the key informants of my research, who were invaluable to the research process.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Islam in Indonesia: the Shift of Ritual and Religiosity During Covid-19
    ISSUE: 2021 No. 107 ISSN 2335-6677 RESEARCHERS AT ISEAS – YUSOF ISHAK INSTITUTE ANALYSE CURRENT EVENTS Singapore | 12 August 2021 Digital Islam in Indonesia: The Shift of Ritual and Religiosity during Covid-19 Wahyudi Akmaliah and Ahmad Najib Burhani* Covid-19 has forced various Muslim groups to adopt digital platforms in their religious activities. Controversy, however, abounds regarding the online version of the Friday Prayer. In Islamic law, this ritual is wajib (mandatory) for male Muslims. In this picture, Muslims observe Covid-19 coronavirus social distancing measures during Friday prayers at Agung mosque in Bandung on 2 July 2021. Photo: Timur Matahari, AFP. * Wahyudi Akmaliah is a PhD Student at the Malay Studies Department, National University of Singapore (NUS). Ahmad Najib Burhani is Visiting Senior Fellow at ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute and Research Professor at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta. The authors wish to thank Lee Sue-Ann and Norshahril Saat for their comments and suggestions on this article. 1 ISSUE: 2021 No. 107 ISSN 2335-6677 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • Before the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of digital platforms in religious rituals was already becoming an increasingly common practice among Indonesian preachers to reach out to young audiences. During the pandemic, some Muslim organisations and individual preachers have speeded up the use of such platforms as a way to communicate with people and to continue with religious practices among the umma. • Among religious rituals that have shifted online are the virtual tahlil (praying and remembering dead person), silaturahim (visiting each other) during Eid al-Fitr, haul (commemorating the death of someone), and tarawih (night prayer during Ramadan).
    [Show full text]
  • Submission to the University of Baltimore School of Law‟S Center on Applied Feminism for Its Fourth Annual Feminist Legal Theory Conference
    Submission to the University of Baltimore School of Law‟s Center on Applied Feminism for its Fourth Annual Feminist Legal Theory Conference. “Applying Feminism Globally.” Feminism from an African and Matriarchal Culture Perspective How Ancient Africa’s Gender Sensitive Laws and Institutions Can Inform Modern Africa and the World Fatou Kiné CAMARA, PhD Associate Professor of Law, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques et Politiques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, SENEGAL “The German experience should be regarded as a lesson. Initially, after the codification of German law in 1900, academic lectures were still based on a study of private law with reference to Roman law, the Pandectists and Germanic law as the basis for comparison. Since 1918, education in law focused only on national law while the legal-historical and comparative possibilities that were available to adapt the law were largely ignored. Students were unable to critically analyse the law or to resist the German socialist-nationalism system. They had no value system against which their own legal system could be tested.” Du Plessis W. 1 Paper Abstract What explains that in patriarchal societies it is the father who passes on his name to his child while in matriarchal societies the child bears the surname of his mother? The biological reality is the same in both cases: it is the woman who bears the child and gives birth to it. Thus the answer does not lie in biological differences but in cultural ones. So far in feminist literature the analysis relies on a patriarchal background. Not many attempts have been made to consider the way gender has been used in matriarchal societies.
    [Show full text]
  • Explain Why Germans Were So Angry About the Treaty of Versailles [8] Advice
    Explain why Germans were so angry about the Treaty of Versailles [8] Advice AO1: Demonstrate knowledge and AO2: Explain why Germans were angry understanding of the period about the Treaty An [8] mark question on the Germany paper wants you to explain the cause of Band 1 (1 Band 2 (2 Band 3 (3 Band 1 (1 Band 2 (2-3 Band 3 (4-5 something – in this case, why ordinary German people were angry at the Treaty mark) marks) marks) mark) marks) marks) of Versailles. To answer this question, you need to know: I include I include I include I give very I partially I give a very very few some of the very little explain why detailed What Germany was like before WW1 details of Treaty and detailed explanation Germans and logical Details of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles the Treaty why information of why were angry explanation What kind of peace treaty Germany expected to get and why Germans about the Germans about the of why Germans were angry Treaty and were angry Treaty Germans Why the Treaty of Versailles was so bad for Germany were angry about it why about the were angry You aim to write at least 2 P.E.E.L. paragraphs (Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link). about it Germans Treaty about the were angry Treaty [8] marks means you should spend about 8 minutes on this question. about it S/A or P/A Teacher Mark and Comment: Use this space to plan your answer: /8 /8 Suggested Improvements: Include some / more details of the terms of the Treaty or how it affected German people Add / give more explanation of why Germans were angry about the Treaty Improve quality of explanation by using P.E.E.L.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation Analysis of Children in Pakistan | September, 2017 Foreword
    © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Photographs: UNICEF Pakistan Designed by Human Design Studios CONTENTS Acknowledgements 8 Foreword 9 Acronyms 10 Map of Pakistan 12 Executive Summary 13 1. Introduction 20 1.1 SitAn Approach and Methodology 21 2. Context 30 2.1 Pakistan’s National and International Commitments 33 2.2 Governance and Policy Framework 34 2.3 Public Financing: Child-Specific Investments 38 2.4 Multidimensional Poverty in Pakistan 44 3. All Children Survive and Thrive 50 3.1 Nutritional Status 52 3.2 Maternal, Neonatal and Child Survival 63 3.3 Child Immunization 68 3.4 Key Conclusions and Considerations 72 4. All Children Learning 78 4.1 Out-of-School Children 81 4.2 Children in School 86 4.3 Children’s Learning Outcomes 94 4.4 Key Conclusions and Considerations 99 CONTENTS 5. All Children Protected from Violence and Exploitation 104 5.1 Birth Registration 108 5.2 Protection from Violence and Exploitation 110 5.3 Key Conclusions and Considerations 118 6. All Children Live in a Safe and Clean Environment 124 6.1 Safely Managed Water 126 6.2 Sanitation Services 129 6.3 Key Conclusions and Considerations 135 7. Cross-cutting Priorities for Children in Pakistan 140 7.1 Gender Equality 140 7.2 Equity 146 7.3 Other Cross Cutting Issues 147 7.4 Key Conclusions and Considerations 152 8. Conclusion and the Way Forward 158 Glossary 164 References 167 Annexes 179 List of Tables Table 1: Pakistan’s key demographic indicators 31 Table 2: Public sector health and education expenditure (provincial and federal) (PKR billion) 40 Table
    [Show full text]
  • The Grave Preferences of Mourides in Senegal: Migration, Belonging, and Rootedness Onoma, Ato Kwamena
    www.ssoar.info The Grave Preferences of Mourides in Senegal: Migration, Belonging, and Rootedness Onoma, Ato Kwamena Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Zur Verfügung gestellt in Kooperation mit / provided in cooperation with: GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Onoma, A. K. (2018). The Grave Preferences of Mourides in Senegal: Migration, Belonging, and Rootedness. Africa Spectrum, 53(3), 65-88. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-4-11588 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-ND Lizenz (Namensnennung- This document is made available under a CC BY-ND Licence Keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu (Attribution-NoDerivatives). For more Information see: den CC-Lizenzen finden Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/deed.de Africa Spectrum Onoma, Ato Kwamena (2018), The Grave Preferences of Mourides in Senegal: Migration, Belonging, and Rootedness, in: Africa Spectrum, 53, 3, 65–88. URN: http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-4-11588 ISSN: 1868-6869 (online), ISSN: 0002-0397 (print) The online version of this and the other articles can be found at: <www.africa-spectrum.org> Published by GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Institute of African Affairs, in co-operation with the Arnold Bergstraesser Institute, Freiburg, and Hamburg University Press. Africa Spectrum is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Geography
    This document was produced by the Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et An electronic version of this document is available on the Ministère’s Web du Sport. site at: www.mels.gouv.qc.ca Coordination and content Direction de la formation générale des jeunes © Gouvernement du Québec Coordination of production and publishing Ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport, 2014 Direction des communications ISBN 978-2-550-70960-2 (PDF) Title of original document ISBN 978-2-550-70961-9 (French, PDF) Géographie culturelle Legal Deposit – Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2014 English translation Direction de la communauté anglophone — Services langagiers Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport For additional information, contact: General Information Direction des communications Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport 1035, rue De La Chevrotière, 28 e étage Québec (Québec) G1R 5A5 Telephone: 418-643-7095 Toll-free: 1-866-747-6626 14-00181 Table of Contents Cultural Geography Introduction to the Cultural Geography Program . 1 Program Content . 14 Contribution of the Cultural Geography Program to Prescribed Elements of the Program Content . 15 Students' Education . 1 Designated focus . 16 Nature of the Program . 1 Objects of learning . 16 How the Competencies Work Together . 1 Concepts . 16 Knowledge related to the geography of the cultural areas . 16 From the Elementary Level to Secondary Cycle Two . 3 Other Resources for Helping Students Develop the Competencies . 16 Cultural Areas . 17 Making Connections: Cultural Geography and the Other African Cultural Area . 18 Dimensions of the Québec Education Program . 4 Arab Cultural Area .
    [Show full text]
  • Disable Population
    Population of Pakistan: An Analysis of NSER 2010-11 Disable Population Government of Pakistan -BISP- - Dignity, Empowerment, Meaning of Life to the most vulnerable through the most scientific poverty database, targeted products and seamless service delivery nationwide. © Benazir Income Support Programme Material in this publication may be freely quoted or re-printed, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint Researcher: Mr. Ajmal Jahangeer Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) and UNICEF. Disable Population Disable Population 1 Disable Population 2 Disable Population Table of Content Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………….06 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………….…. 07 1.1 Definition of Disability……………………………………………………………...…… 09 1.2 Objectives of Study……………………………………………………………...……… 10 1.3 Organization of Study……………………………………………...…………………… 10 2. Methods of Analysis………………………………………………………………….………11 2.1 Data source……………………………………………………………………………… 11 2.2 Methodology…………………………………………………………..………………… 11 2.3 Study Limitations…………………………………………………...…………………… 11 3. Prevalence of Disability…………………………………………………………………...…13 3.1 Disability in Pakistan: A Regional Analysis…………………………………………... 13 3.2 Nature of Disability……………………………………………………………………… 14 3.3 District Wise Analysis of Disability…………………………………………………….. 17 4. Disability by Age and Marital Status……………………….………………………………
    [Show full text]