Cultural Geography
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This document was produced by the Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et An electronic version of this document is available on the Ministère’s Web du Sport. site at: www.mels.gouv.qc.ca Coordination and content Direction de la formation générale des jeunes © Gouvernement du Québec Coordination of production and publishing Ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport, 2014 Direction des communications ISBN 978-2-550-70960-2 (PDF) Title of original document ISBN 978-2-550-70961-9 (French, PDF) Géographie culturelle Legal Deposit – Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2014 English translation Direction de la communauté anglophone — Services langagiers Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport For additional information, contact: General Information Direction des communications Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport 1035, rue De La Chevrotière, 28 e étage Québec (Québec) G1R 5A5 Telephone: 418-643-7095 Toll-free: 1-866-747-6626 14-00181 Table of Contents Cultural Geography Introduction to the Cultural Geography Program . 1 Program Content . 14 Contribution of the Cultural Geography Program to Prescribed Elements of the Program Content . 15 Students' Education . 1 Designated focus . 16 Nature of the Program . 1 Objects of learning . 16 How the Competencies Work Together . 1 Concepts . 16 Knowledge related to the geography of the cultural areas . 16 From the Elementary Level to Secondary Cycle Two . 3 Other Resources for Helping Students Develop the Competencies . 16 Cultural Areas . 17 Making Connections: Cultural Geography and the Other African Cultural Area . 18 Dimensions of the Québec Education Program . 4 Arab Cultural Area . 21 Connections With the Broad Areas of Learning . 4 East Asian Cultural Area . 24 Connections With the Cross-Curricular Competencies . 5 Indian Cultural Area . 27 Connections With the Other Subject Areas . 6 Latin American Cultural Area . 30 Western Cultural Area . 33 Pedagogical Context . 7 Students: Curious, Organized and Reflective . 7 Techniques . 36 The Teacher: A Guide, a Mentor and a Mediator . 7 Interpreting and creating a map . 36 A Large Variety of Resources . 7 Interpreting a landscape . 36 Meaningful, Open and Complex Learning and Evaluation Situations . 7 Making a geographical sketch of a landscape . 39 Appropriate Evaluation . 8 Interpreting a written document . 41 Interpreting a picture . 42 Competency 1 Understands the organization of a cultural area . 9 Interpreting and creating a graph . 43 Focus of the Competency . 9 Interpreting and constructing a table . 45 Key Features of Competency . 10 Evaluation Criteria . 10 Tables . 47 End-of-Year Outcomes . 10 Bibliography . 51 Competency 2 Interprets the dynamics of a cultural area . 11 Focus of the Competency . 11 Key Features of Competency 2 . 12 Evaluation Criteria . 12 End-of-Year Outcomes . 12 Program Structure . 13 Québec Education Program Social Sciences Cultural Geography Making Connections: Cultural Geography and the Other Dimensions of the Québec Education Program Understands the organization of a cultural area e atics, Scienc and Techno them logy Ma Cu ltu CIES ME r ETEN THOD a MP Uses creativity OLO l L CO GIC S G UA Exercises critical Adopts effective AL o e ECT CO c o s LL MP i g e TE judgment work methods ET a r g IN EN l a a CI S p u Solves problems ES c h g Health and Career Planning i y Uses information e n Well-Being and Entrepreneurship n a and communication L c Uses information Construction of identity technologies e s Construction STUDENT of world-view Citizenship and Empowerment Environmental Community Awareness and Life C Consumer Rights a and Responsibility r Media n e Literacy o e i C t r O Achieves his/her M Communicates a D M c U potential S e N appropriately CIE u ICA Cooperates EN d v TIO ET e N- with others MP E l REL CO s o ATE CIAL t p D CO SO r m MP L AND A e ETENC SONA nt Y PER Aims of the PFEQ P ment Broad Areas of Learning ersonal Develop Cross-Curricular Competencies Suject Areas Interprets the dynamics of a cultural area Suject-Specific Competencies in Cultural Geography Québec Education Program Introduction to the Cultural Geography Program Reflecting on cultures and studying cultures is more than just thinking about other places . it involves reflecting on the world. Yves Chevrier [Translation] Cultural geography is one of the subfields of human geography, a discipline Nature of the Program that deals with relationships between societies and the spaces they occupy and transform. A cultural area is defined as a vast social space made up of Space and territory are part of cultural geography inasmuch as their analysis territories with common geographic and cultural characteristics–architectural, makes it possible to identify values and identities shared by societies. The linguistic and religious characteristics, among others. The program divides the study of cultural areas reveals relationships between societies and their world into cultural areas on the basis of two aspects: language and religion. environment. It enables us to understand the processes human beings have used to develop territories. In the Cultural Geography program, students consider questions related to Contribution of the Cultural Geography cultural complexity and develop geographic techniques. Placed in contexts Program to Students' Education presenting the dynamics and complexity of cultural areas, which reflect, in By studying the world’s cultural areas, students come to understand the part, the growing mobility of populations, students analyze how individuals relationships that societies maintain with the space they transform into and communities act on cultural areas in constant change. territories organized in a particular way. In addition, by considering the relationships that societies within these cultural areas maintain with each other, students develop their capacity for critical thinking. Examining other How the Competencies Work Together cultures as well as their own culture gives the students a better The Cultural Geography program focuses on the development of two understanding of the world in which they have an opportunity to become competencies: involved as citizens. − Understands the organization of a cultural area The Cultural Geography program aims to: − Interprets the dynamics of a cultural area – help students understand the diversity and complexity of the cultures in These competencies are of equal importance in students’ education. They the world are developed together and in interaction, drawing on the same program – help students develop a geographic perspective that fosters their content. Since students understand the organization and interpret the understanding of other cultures dynamics of the same cultural area, teachers should ensure that the two competencies are used together by offering learning and evaluation situations that involve both of them. › 1 Chapter 7 Québec Education Program Social Sciences Cultural Geography The development of these competencies requires the study of at least four › 2 of the six cultural areas prescribed in the program. When students attempt Chapter 7 to understand the organization of a cultural area, they discover cultural characteristics that human beings have given the space in question, as well as natural and human factors that explain the area's organization. When they interpret the dynamics of the area, they apply the knowledge they acquired while developing an understanding of its organization. They examine, among other things, the movements to which the area gives rise and the external movements that affect it. They discern changes in the area and recognize reactions to the different movements. Québec Education Program From the Elementary Level to Secondary Cycle Two At the elementary level, students were introduced to the social sciences by Students in the Secondary V Contemporary World program interpret problems developing the competencies targeted in the Geography, History and facing societies today and take positions on issues in those societies. They Citizenship Education program. 1 In this program, they considered the learn that problems take different forms depending on the temporal or organization of societies and looked at questions raised by the development spatial scale used. The teacher asks them to interpret problems of the and organization of their territory in space and time. They learned to seek contemporary world, using the geographic and historical perspectives and connections between the past and present and to construct their own considering the economic and political dimensions. Finally, since the program interpretation of social and territorial phenomena. They also began to focuses on major world concerns today, the students should consider the assimilate concepts such as territory , society , organization , change , diversity media’s treatment of these concerns, in order to determine how this may and duration . They learned about human action past and present, here and influence public opinion and their own opinion. elsewhere, and they became aware of the diversity of societies. In the History of the 20th Century program, students have an opportunity In Secondary Cycle One, students broadened their horizons and grasped the to apply the competencies they acquired in the History and Citizenship role of human action in social change. The compulsory learning helped them Education programs for Secondary Cycles One and Two, in particular when construct new knowledge and develop specific competencies in geography they