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Introduction: in the Event—Toward an Anthropology of Generic Moments
IntroductIon In the Event—toward an Anthropology of Generic Moments Bruce Kapferer Against the Case as Illustration: The Event in Anthropology The exploration of events and situations has long been at the focus of anthro- pological ethnographic description. In common with many other disciplines in the social sciences and humanities, this has been so in two main and frequently combined senses: (1) as exemplifications or illustrations, usually in the form of case studies, of more general ethnographic descriptive or theoretical assertions, or (2) as happenings or occasions, slices of life, that establish a conundrum or problematic that the presentation of an ethnography and its analysis will solve or otherwise explain. Most anthropological ethnographies offer examples or variations of the first. The second is relatively common, especially among histo- rians, but perhaps the work of Clifford Geertz is the most celebrated example in anthropology. An outstanding instance is Geertz’s (1980) study Negara, which opens with the mass suicide of the Balinese court before the Dutch invaders. This event sets the stage for his exploration of the Balinese theatre state, Geertz demonstrating the suicide as consistent with a Balinese political logic that pres- ents power as defined and determined in the performance of status. The concern with events and situations in this book seeks to extend beyond these more or less conventional usages and to argue for a deepening of the methodological significance of events and situations in anthropological ethno- graphic practice. The overall direction of the approach that I essay is one that takes the event as central to anthropological analysis rather than the concept of society, in relation to which the event or the event-as-case is commonly engaged, either to substantialize the abstract (society) or to provide a means to grasp the foundational or general organizational principles of society. -
Cross-Cultural Communication: Silence, Time, Space, Formality, and Other Possible Misunderstandings (1,105 Words)
Cross-Cultural Communication: Silence, Time, Space, Formality, and Other Possible Misunderstandings (1,105 words) Have you noticed that some people are quite chatty and others are sort of silent, or that some people arrive five or ten minutes early for appointments, or some people stand really close to each other when talking, or how informally and formally people interact with each other? Silence Can be Golden: Silence can convey so many different messages across cultures. Silence can be used to express disagreement, surprise, sorrow, defiance, approval, embarrassment, obligation, criticism, calming, humility, regret, condemnation, consent, and many more. Americans believe that talking is good and that rhetoric is critical to self-expression. Often believing a person has greater impact by speaking rather than listening. Most Americans are uncomfortable with long periods of silence. Americans tend to rush through pauses and quickly complete sentences. The Western tradition is relatively negative in its attitude toward silence, especially in professional and social relations. Speech has a positive connotation and silence has a negative one. Many other cultures find that silence is a valuable component of nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication, which includes listening behaviors, is a critical component of social currency and is very important in demonstrating caring and demonstrating understanding. The ability to substitute strong emotional reactions with polite silence is important for social harmony. The effort suggests the value of silence and its association with self-restraint. It is important to consider cultural dynamics. Silence, to some, is golden. America is a relatively task-oriented culture, and Americans often want to get to the point. -
American Values Summary.Pdf
THINK Sociology R © 2010 E Carl T ISBN13: 9780131754591 P ISBN10: 0131754599 A H Visit www.pearsonhighered.com/replocator to contact your local Pearson representative. C Chapter begins on next page >> E L P M A S SAMPLE CHAPTER The pages of this Sample Chapter may have slight variations in final published form. www.pearsonhighered.com WHAT IS CULTURE? WHAT DIFFERENTIATES ONE CULTURE FROM ANOTHER? HOW DOES CULTURE INFLUENCE QSOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND STUDY? “At different times in our history, different cities have been the focal point of a radiating American spirit. In the late eighteenth century, for example, Boston was the center of a political radicalism entrepreneurial adventures. If there is no such that ignited a shot heard round the world—a statue, there ought to be, just as there is a shot that could not have been fired any other statue of a Minute Man to recall the Age of place but the suburbs of Boston. At its report, Boston, as the Statue of Liberty recalls the all Americans, including Virginians, became Age of New York. Bostonians at heart. In the mid-nineteenth “Today, we must look to the city of Las century, New York became the symbol of the Vegas, Nevada, as a metaphor for our national 4 idea of a melting-pot America—or at least a character and aspiration, its symbol a thirty-foot- 7 non-English one—as the wretched refuse high cardboard picture of a slot machine and a from all over the world disembarked at Ellis chorus girl. For Las Vegas is a city entirely devot- Island and spread over the land their strange ed to the idea of entertainment, and as such pro- languages and even stranger ways. -
Conceptualizations of Culture, Culture Teaching, and Culture Exploration in Second Language Education
CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF CULTURE, CULTURE TEACHING, AND CULTURE EXPLORATION IN SECOND LANGUAGE EDUCATION by Rourniana Ilieva B.A. , University of Constantine, Algeria, 1984 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Faculty of Education O Rourniana Ilieva 1997 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY April 1997 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author National Lbrary ~iblhh&qu&nationale 1*1 of Canada c du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington O(tawaON KlAW -ON KIAW Canada CaMda Our he Norre retwence The author has granted a non- - L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive licence alloiving the exclusive permettant a la '1 National Library of Canada to Bibliotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduife, preter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in mcroform, vendre des copies de cette these sous paper or electromc formats. la fornje de rnicrofiche/film, Be repmduction SF papier ou sur format electronique. The author retains ownershp of the L'auteur conserve la propriete du -' copyright in tlus thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protege cette these. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels may be priqd or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes , reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Can APPROVAL - NAME Roumiana llieva DEGREE Master of Arts TITLE Conceptualizations of Culture, Culture Teaching and Culture Exploration in Second Language Education EXAMINING COMMITTEE: Chair Heesoon Bai ~e&n Toohey, Assoc~atePfofessor Senior Supervisor ~&eBeynon, Associate Professor Membev - Professor Fraser University Examiner Date: April 4, 1997 Abstract This study attempts to offer a conceptual, historiographic and critical analysis of the place of culture in second language education. -
Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union's
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union’s East Border Brie, Mircea and Horga, Ioan and Şipoş, Sorin University of Oradea, Romania 2011 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44082/ MPRA Paper No. 44082, posted 31 Jan 2013 05:28 UTC ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER Mircea BRIE Ioan HORGA Sorin ŞIPOŞ (Coordinators) Debrecen/Oradea 2011 This present volume contains the papers of the international conference Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union‟s East Border, held in Oradea between 2nd-5th of June 2011, organized by Institute for Euroregional Studies Oradea-Debrecen, University of Oradea and Department of International Relations and European Studies, with the support of the European Commission and Bihor County Council. CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY STUDIES Mircea BRIE Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Dialogue in the European Border Space.......11 Ioan HORGA Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Education in the Curricula of European Studies .......19 MINORITY AND MAJORITY IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN AREA Victoria BEVZIUC Electoral Systems and Minorities Representations in the Eastern European Area........31 Sergiu CORNEA, Valentina CORNEA Administrative Tools in the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Ethnic Minorities .............................................................................................................47 -
Cross-Cultural Universals and Cultural Relativities G E R Lloyd Needham Research Institute, Cambridge
INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE REVIEWS, Vol. 35 No. 3–4, 2010, 201–14 History and Human Nature: Cross-cultural Universals and Cultural Relativities G E R Lloyd Needham Research Institute, Cambridge Recent studies in a wide range of different, if overlapping, fields of research have converged on a number of issues concerning the cross-cultural universality, or the cultural relativity, of human cognition. Those fields include social anthropology, linguistics, history, philosophy, developmental psychology, evolutionary psychology, and neurophysiology as well as cognitive science, the synoptic discipline, itself. The conclusions that have been proposed differ sharply. Some researchers (for example, Nisbett 2003) are convinced that there are radical differences in the ways in which different groups of humans perceive and reason — and in the ways in which earlier humans have done so in the past insofar as their thought patterns can be reconstructed from the evidence available to us. Others insist that, despite surface differences, there are robust underlying cross-cultural universals in such areas as colour perception (Berlin and Kay 1969), the basic emotions (Wierzbicka 1999) and even the ‘common-sense’ classification of animals (Atran 1990). A first question that arises concerns whether or how far the parties to the disputes are merely talking past one another. Certainly there are major differences in the data cited and the methodologies used in those different areas of research. Social anthropologists analyse ethnographic field reports, including those stemming from questionnaires designed to elicit responses to key issues to do with how their subjects perceive and reason. These may relate to matters that do not form part of the ordinary experience of the people investigated, such as how they would classify animals or artefacts that they have never seen. -
Invented Or Inherited?
Call for Papers 12th UNEeCC Conference Culture: Invented or Inherited? 7-9 November 2018 University of Malta, Valletta Campus Culture is ‘the way-of-life in an ecosystem characteristic of a particular people’ (Keesing 1981:68). This is only one of the countless definitions given to this term which is ‘surprisingly’ and ‘notoriously’ difficult to define due to its dynamic nature (Smith and Riley 2011). Underlying dimensions characterising early and modern Europe, such as the economic situation of specific countries and humanitarian crises may be determining factors by which its collectivist culture has been constantly in flux, particularly in its production and consumption. One would question the affects which these factors may have on the transmission of traditional and popular European cultures and if their core components are, in fact, inherited or invented. The main objective of this conference is to develop critical arguments based on two concepts which can be non-homogenous and overlapping at the same time, namely (i) Culture inheritance and (ii) Cultural invention. Key questions relevant to this conference are: (i) ‘how does the concept of European Capitals of Culture consider the invention and inheritance of cultures?’; (ii) ‘What avenues are being taken by ECoC programmers to strike a balance in the promotion of cultural components which are ‘invented’ and those based on grass-root identities?’; and (iii) ‘What are the core arguments surrounding the questions of whether a culture is invented or inherited?. Established academics, -
US Immigration and the Cultural Impact of Demographic Change. An
GLOBAL SHIFTS: U.S. IMMIGRATION AND THE CULTURAL IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE. AN ADDRESS Marcelo M. Sua´rez-Orozco* At the turn of the millennium we are witnessing intense new worldwide migration and refugee flows. There are now some 100 million transnational immigrants plus an estimated 30 million refugees displaced from their homelands. These flows are largely structured by the intensi- fication of globalization—a process of economic, social, and cultural transformation rapidly accelerating in the last decade.1 Globalization has increased immigration in a variety of ways. First, transnational capital flows (roughly a trillion dollars cross national boundaries every day) tend to stimulate migration because where capital flows, immigrants tend to follow.2 Second, the new information and communication technologies that are at the heart of globalization tend to stimulate migration because they encourage new standards of consumption and life-style choices. Would-be immigrants imagine better opportunities elsewhere and mobi- lize to achieve them. Third, the affordability of mass transportation—last year approximately 1.5 billion airline tickets were sold—has put the migration option within the reach of millions who heretofore could not consider it. Fourth, globalization has stimulated new migration because it has produced uneven results—big winners and losers. Globalization pains have been felt in many regions of the developing world—perpetuating unemployment and further depressing wages.3 On *Victor S. Thomas Professor of Education at Harvard University and Co-Director of the Harvard Immigration Project. 1 See Sua´rez-Orozco, Marcelo, forthcoming, “Global Acts: Immigrant Children, Educa- tion and the Post National.” Harvard Educational Review. -
Culture and Materialism : Raymond Williams and the Marxist Debate
CULTURE AND MATERIALISM: RAYMOND WILLIAMS AND THE MARXIST DEBATE by David C. Robinson B.A. (Honours1, Queen's University, 1988 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS (COMMUNICATIONS) in the ,Department of Communication @ David C. Robinson 1991 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY July, 1991 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL NAME: David Robinson DEGREE: Master of Arts (Communication) TITLE OF THESIS: Culture and Materialism: Raymond Williams and the Marxist Debate EXAMINING COMMITTEE: CHAIR: Dr. Linda Harasim Dr. Richard S. Gruneau Professor Senior Supervisor Dr. Alison C. M. Beale Assistant Professor Supervisor " - Dr. Jerald Zaslove Associate Professor Department of English Examiner DATE APPROVED: PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENCE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis or dissertation (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/Dissertation: Culture and Materialism: Raymond Williams and the Marxist Debate Author : signature David C. -
Hwa-Byung:The
FROM THE INSTRUCTOR In his prize-winning essay, “Hwa-Byung: The “Han”-Blessed Illness,” Wooyoung Cho taps a global skill set to shed new light on how culture shapes definitions of mental illness. His paper is an outstanding example of student-driven inquiry. I had never heard of the Korean culture-bound mental illness called hwa-byung when Wooyoung proposed this project. But even if I had, I would’ve had no idea where to find narratives about hwa-byung written by young men, let alone be able to translate them from Korean. (Are you curious yet?) In his research, Wooyoung learned that scholarly studies of hwa-byung have focused on middle-aged women and interpreted their symptoms as reflections of Korea’s patriarchal social structure. When he discovered that today more young men are being diagnosed with hwa-byung, he wanted to understand the social causes of their distress. One way he gathered evidence was by searching a Korean online forum and reading posts by young men about their hwa-byung experiences. When students in Marisa Milanese’s “Global Documentary” class read a draft of Wooyoung’s essay in a cross-section peer review exercise, they were understandably skeptical about his methodology. They asked for “a clearer understanding of why analyzing narratives is a credible method to gain insight into this illness.” Wooyoung responded with a revision that provided the theoretical framework necessary to explain the kind of authority those anonymous online posts have in the context of his project. He was wise to listen carefully to his readers. -
On Writing the Ocean Road
On writing The Ocean Road. Megan Clark Volume 2 Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Creative Writing School of English University of Adelaide October 2014 Megan Clark On writing The Ocean Road i Contents as they are ordered in this book. Title Page i Contents ii Abstract iii Declaration iv Acknowledgements v Introduction 1 Aboriginal Literature 5 Myth and Time and Modernism 19 Land and the Australian Flaneur 36 Language, Lingo and Linguistics 46 Australian Perspectives 66 Conclusion 75 Biography 80 Megan Clark On writing The Ocean Road ii Abstract It is the week after the failed Australian Republic referendum, 1999 in Port Noarlunga, a working class neighbourhood south of Adelaide. Libby is on the verge of becoming a woman and her mother, writer Genevieve Smart, has just been reported a missing person. There are no clues to her mother’s disappearance; all that is left behind is a completed, but unpublished, manuscript which appears to be a family history. The Ocean Road is a contemporary literary novel which tells the story of the Smart family, a ragtag bunch of smokers and drinkers who fight too much and spend too much time together. Their story runs alongside a parallel story, the unpublished manuscript, which is set in Adelaide and Melbourne in 1938, 1972 and 1986 and which outlines the struggles and stories of people who, it might be said, are aspiring to the level of working class enjoyed by the Smart family. The story set in 1938 describes an Aboriginal couple, Jack and Margery, and what they do to try to survive. -
Cultural Universals
Course Name (Course Number): SOC 210- Introduction to Sociology This course includes the scientific study of human society, culture, and social interactions. Topics include socialization, research methods, diversity and inequality, cooperation and conflict, social change, social institutions, and organizations. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate knowledge of sociological concepts as they apply to the interplay among individuals, groups, and societies. This course has been approved to satisfy the Comprehensive Articulation Agreement general education core requirement in social/behavioral sciences. (3 credit hours, 3 contact hours) No prerequisites, no co-requisites, no entry test requirements. The ability to comprehend college-level reading and express through written assignments is imperative for success in the course. Activity and Author Name: What is a cultural universal? Developed by Cate Shiles, Caldwell Community College & Technical Institute (correspondence: [email protected]) Activity Description: Cultural universals are best described as concepts, social constructs, or patterns of behavior that are common to ALL human cultures; meaning every society in existence exhibits some form of the universal. Some examples of other cultural universals include: gift-giving, marriage, bodily adornment, incest taboo, and rules of hygiene. That said, how a cultural universal is expressed varies widely according to the given society. For instance, some form of bodily adornment is exhibited in every culture and society, but how this is accomplished varies widely. Some societies adorn their bodies with tattoos and body piercings; others adorn their body with scarification or elaborate costume. Social institutions can be described as large-scale patterned behaviors or ideas of a society that heavily structure and influence the everyday lives of individuals in the given culture.