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Balochistan Economic Report Background Paper on Social Structures and Migration
First Draft - Do Not Cite TA4757-PAK: BALOCHISTAN ECONOMIC REPORT Balochistan Economic Report Background Paper on Social Structures and Migration Haris Gazdar 28 February 2007 Collective for Social Science Research 173-I Block 2, PECHS, Karachi 75400, Pakistan [email protected] The author gratefully acknowledges research assistance provided by Azmat Ali Budhani, Sohail Javed, Hussain Bux Mallah, and Noorulain Masood. Irfan Khan provided guidance with resource material and advised on historical references. Introduction Compared with other provinces of Pakistan, and Pakistan taken as a whole, Balochistan’s economic and social development appears to face particularly daunting challenges. The province starts from a relatively low level – in terms of social achievements such as health, education and gender equity indicators, economic development and physical infrastructure. The fact that Balochistan covers nearly half of the land area of Pakistan while accounting for only a twentieth of the country’s population is a stark enough reminder that any understanding of the province’s economic and social development will need to pay attention to its geographical and demographic peculiarities. Indeed, remoteness, environmental fragility and geographical diversity might be viewed as defining the context of development in the province. But interestingly, Balochistan’s geography might also be its main economic resource. The low population density implies that the province enjoys a potentially high value of natural resources per person. The forbidding topography is home to rich mineral deposits – some of which have been explored and exploited while yet others remain to be put to economic use. The land mass of the province endows Pakistan with a strategic space that might shorten trade and travel costs between emerging economic regions. -
Balochistan Review 2 2019
- I - ISSN: 1810-2174 Balochistan Review Volume XLI No. 2, 2019 Recognized by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan Editor: Abdul Qadir Mengal BALOCHISTAN STUDY CENTRE UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN, QUETTA-PAKISTAN - II - Bi-Annual Research Journal “Balochistan Review” ISSN: 1810-2174 Publication of: Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. @ Balochistan Study Centre 2019-2 Subscription rate in Pakistan: Institutions: Rs. 300/- Individuals: Rs. 200/- For the other countries: Institutions: US$ 15 Individuals: US$ 12 For further information please Contact: Abdul Qadir Mengal Assistant Professor & Editor Balochistan Review Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. Tel: (92) (081) 9211255 Facsimile: (92) (081) 9211255 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.uob.edu.pk/journals/bsc.htm No responsibility for the views expressed by authors and reviewers in Balochistan Review is assumed by the Editor, Assistant Editor, and the Publisher. - III - Editorial Board Patron in Chief: Prof. Dr. Javeid Iqbal Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. Patron Prof. Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq Director, Balochistan Study Centre, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Editor Abdul Qadir Mengal Asstt Professor, International Realation Department, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Assistant Editor Dr. Waheed Razzaq Assistant Professor, Brahui Department, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Members: Prof. Dr. Andriano V. Rossi Vice Chancellor & Head Dept of Asian Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, Naples, Italy. Prof. Dr. Saad Abudeyha Chairman, Dept. of Political Science, University of Jordon, Amman, Jordon. Prof. Dr. Bertrand Bellon Professor of Int’l, Industrial Organization & Technology Policy, University de Paris Sud, France. Dr. Carina Jahani Inst. of Iranian & African Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Khan Director, Taxila Institute of Asian Civilizations, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. -
Gulawar KHAN 2014.Pdf
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/research/westminsterresearch Politics of nationalism, federalism, and separatism: The case of Balochistan in Pakistan Gulawar Khan Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © The Author, 2014. This is an exact reproduction of the paper copy held by the University of Westminster library. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Users are permitted to download and/or print one copy for non-commercial private study or research. Further distribution and any use of material from within this archive for profit-making enterprises or for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: (http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] POLITICS OF NATIONALISM, FEDERALISM, AND SEPARATISM: THE CASE OF BALOCHISTAN IN PAKISTAN GULAWAR KHAN A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Westminster for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2014 Author’s declaration This thesis is carried out as per the guidelines and regulations of the University of Westminster. I hereby declare that the materials contained in this thesis have not been previously submitted for a degree in any other university, including the University of Westminster. -
Regional Political Parties& Democracy: a Case Study of Balochistan
219 Bi-Annual Research Journal “JOURNAL OF EDUCATION & HUMANITIES RESEARCH” ISSN: 2415-2366 Institute of Education and Research (IER), UOB, Quetta Pakistan VOL.5.NO 1, 2018 Regional political Parties& democracy: a case study of Balochistan Fazli Subhan, M.Phil scholar Political Science Department, University of Balochistan, Quetta. Dr. Adil Zaman Kasi, Associate Professor, Political Science Department, University of Balochistan, Quetta. Abstract This paper is intended to study the regional political parties of Balochistan. Regional political parties play a prominent role in the politics of democratic countries. These provide services to thepeople at the doorsteps. Regional political parties in Balochistan play a great role in the politics of the region. Principal among them is National Party, Balochistan National Party (M), Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party, Awami National Party, Balochistan National Party (A), Balochistan National Movement, and Jamhoori Watan Party. All the above parties were analyzed to see whether they follow the basic democratic processes. Among them, National Party was found to be the most democratic party. PkMAP has been successful to a large extent by getting seats in Balochistan Assembly, but in terms of intraparty democracy party leadership remained the same throughout the years and party constitution is found to be not up to the mark. All other parties though play a prominent role but were found to be least democratic. These parties have left a space for the parties like PMLN, PMLQ, and PPP etc which the latter have filled. Regional parties in Balochistan have to strive hard to consolidate their position. Key Words: Balochistan, Regional parties, democracy, National Party, Jamhoori Watan Party, Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party. -
4. Leftist Politics in British India, Himayatullah
Leftist Politics in British India: A Case Study of the Muslim Majority Provinces Himayatullah Yaqubi ∗ Abstract The paper is related with the history and political developments of the various organizations and movements that espoused a Marxist, leftist and socialist approach in their policy formulation. The approach is to study the left’s political landscape within the framework of the Muslim majority provinces which comprised Pakistan after 1947. The paper would deal those political groups, parties, organizations and personalities that played significant role in the development of progressive, socialist and non-communal politics during the British rule. Majority of these parties and groups merged together in the post-1947 period to form the National Awami Party (NAP) in July 1957. It is essentially an endeavour to understand the direction of their political orientation in the pre-partition period to better comprehend their position in the post-partition Pakistan. The ranges of the study are much wide in the sense that it covers all the provinces of the present day Pakistan, including former East Pakistan. It would also take up those political figures that were influenced by socialist ideas but, at the same time, worked for the Muslim League to broaden its mass organization. In a nutshell the purpose of the article is to ∗ Research Fellow, National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 64 Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, Vol.XXXIV, No.I, 2013 study the pre-partition political strategies, line of thinking and ideological orientation of the components which in the post- partition period merged into the NAP in 1957. -
Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan
Pakistan “We Can Torture, Kill, HUMAN RIGHTS or Keep You for Years” WATCH Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan “We Can Torture, Kill, or Keep You for Years” Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan Copyright © 2011 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 156432-786-8 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 51, Avenue Blanc 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org JULY 2011 1-56432-786-8 “We Can Torture, Kill, or Keep You for Years” Enforced Disappearances by Pakistan Security Forces in Balochistan Map of Balochistan .......................................................................................................................... i Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Key Recommendations ......................................................................................................................... 6 Methodology .................................................................................................................................. 9 I. -
Inside Balochistan's Forgotten Conflict
Inside Balochistan’s Forgotten Conflict Understanding Pakistan’s Repressive Policies & Human Rights Violations 1 2 Balochistan’s Forgotten Conflict Pakistan’s Repressive Policies & Human Rights Violations 3 4 Balochistan’s Forgotten Conflict Overview: I. Balochistan: An Introduction 07 II. Human Rights Violations in Balochistan 09 III. Enforced Disappearances 14 IV. Political Assassinations and Targeted Killings 28 V. Mass Killings 38 VI. Abduction, Arrests & Detentions 39 VII. Displaced Baloch 45 VIII. Restrictions on Freedom of Expression 48 IX. Restrictions on Freedom of Association 53 X. Gender-Based Human Rights Violations 56 XI. The Neglected Region 59 XII. Development & Militarization 65 5 Balochistan’s Forgotten Conflict 6 Balochistan’s Forgotten Conflict Balochistan: An Introduction Balochistan is divided between Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. It strategically bridges the Middle East and Southwest Asia to Central Asia and South Asia, and forms the closest oceanic frontage for the land-locked countries of Central Asia. Balochistan is the largest among Pakistan's four provinces, comprising 43 per cent of land area. Around 13 million people inhabit Balochistan (both in Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan). Despite being the richest province in terms of energy and mineral resources, Balochistan remains one of the most under- developed and impoverished regions. The Baloch therefore have long been demanding the national right to self- determination and control over their land and resources. Although the Balochistan crisis pre- dates General Parvez Musharraf’s military regime, it still remains unaddressed. The denial of the fundamental right to self-determination has been a major cause of the ongoing conflict. Pakistani intelligence and security forces are using brute and suppressive policies to silence moderate Baloch nationalists. -
Ethno-Nationalist Movement in Balochistan (1999-2013)
Ethno-nationalist Movement in Balochistan (1999-2013) By Muhammad Hassan National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan 2019 Ethno-nationalist Movement in Balochistan (1999-2013) By: Muhammad Hassan A Dissertation Submitted to the National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quai-i-Azam University Islamabad, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Pakistan Studies. National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan 2019 Dedication This work is dedicated to the people of Balochistan. vi Acknowledgements This thesis has been enhanced by many fruitful encounters with a number of people in Islamabad and elsewhere. First and foremost, I am thankful to my supervisor Dr. Masood Akhtar Zahid, who not only ignited a curiosity within me to study and research nationalist politics of South Asia but encouraged me to explore it in the context of Baloch nationalist struggle. I greatly value his abundant support, insightful remarks, and keen interest in my work. Without his expert guidance and attention to detail, this thesis would not have appeared in its present form. I am duly grateful to Professor Tahir Amin, the incumbent Vice Chancellor of Bahauddin Zakariya University, who guided me at the early stages of this research. During my six months fellowship at University of Southampton, I worked under the supervision of Professor Ian Talbot and benefitted from his expertise and specialist knowledge of modern South Asian politics in wide variety of ways. He went through the design as well as the early drafts of my thesis. I am very thankful to my parent department National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research (NIHCR) and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, (HEC) for facilitating a six months Fellowship to United Kingdom. -
HRCB's Report to the Special Committee on International Covenant
1 HRCB’s report to the Special Committee on International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Submitted: June 2017 Table of contents: Report…………………………………………..…………..Page 01 to Page 15 1. Abbreviations 2. Preface 3. Methodology 4. Balochistan 5. Articles of ICCPR and reports from Balochistan 5.1 Right of self-determination 5.2 Right to life 5.3 Torture to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment 5.4 Arbitrary arrest 5.5 Right of peaceful assembly 6. Generalized patterns of persecution 6.1 Burning houses and villages 6.1 Abduction and Enforced Disappearance 6.2 Kill and Dump of forcibly disappeared persons 6.3 Fake encounter of forcibly disappeared persons 6.4 Willful killing 6.5 Mass graves 6.6 Silencing the voices, in and outside Balochistan 7. Conclusion 8. Appendices……………………………………………….…..Page 16 to 122 8.1 Abduction and Enforced Disappearances 8.2 Kill and Dump of forcibly disappeared persons 8.3 Fake encounters of forcible disappeared persons 8.4 Willful killing 8.5 From mass graves 2 1. Abbreviations: / / Phonetic Transcription App Appendix BHRO Baloch Human Rights Organization BSO-A Baloch Students Organization Azad BNM Baloch National Movement BRP Baloch Republican Party CAT Convention Against Torture CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor Distt: District FC Frontier Corps FIR First Information Report HRCP Human Rights Commission of Pakistan HRCB Human Rights Council of Balochistan ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights KM Kilo Meter LUMS Lahore University of Management Sciences NGO Non-Governmental Organization NIC National Identity Card T2F The Second Floor UN United Nations UNDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UPR Universal Periodic Review VBMP Voice for Baloch Missing Persons WGEID Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances 3 2. -
S.No Name of Applicant Father Name Domicile District Merit Remarks 1 Naveed Haider Ghulam Haider Awaran 80.61 Subject to Verifi
Aghaz-e Haqooq-e Balochistan Package Overseas Scholarship B-IV Application Status District wise Awaran Domicile S.No Name of Applicant Father Name Merit Remarks District 1 Naveed Haider Ghulam Haider Awaran 80.61 Subject to verification of your documents 2 Kamran Razzaq Abdul Razzaq Awaran 79.92 Subject to verification of your documents 3 Kashif Baloch Ghulam Hussain Awaran 79.6 Subject to verification of your documents Saleh Muhammad 4 Raheel Moosa Zehri Awaran 77.93 Subject to verification of your documents Zehri 5 Engr. Shakeel Ahmed Khuda Bakhsh Awaran 72.29 Subject to verification of your documents 6 Changaz Manzoor Manzoor Ahmed Awaran 71.65 Subject to verification of your documents 7 Muhammad Zohaib Muhammad Bakhsh Awaran 69.17 Subject to verification of your documents 8 Shakir Iqbal Mohammadiqbal Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 9 Aamir Hanif Muhammad Hanif Awaran 68.91 Subject to verification of your documents 10 Zakir Ali Badar Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 11 Kabeer Ahmed Mayar Ahmed Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 12 Muhammad Hassan Allah Buksh Mirwani Awaran 67.4 Subject to verification of your documents 13 Habib Ullah Mohammad Essa Awaran 66.79 Subject to verification of your documents Muhammad 03346218818 14 Karim Bakhsh Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test Akhtar 15 Ghulam Farooq Badar Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 16 Shahab Uddin Shahab Shabir Ahmed Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 17 Muhammad Atif Dur Muhammad Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 18 Waqar Ahmed Jan Muhammad Awaran - Did not Qualify HEC Test 19 -
Mir Nooruddin Mengal
Mir Nooruddin Mengal Mir Noor-ud-din Mengal (Urdu: میر نورالدین مینگلâ¬âŽ; 13 July 1952 â“ 13 October 2010) was a senior Baloch politician who was active in Balochistan's political scene for nearly four decades, from 1970 to 2010. He belonged to the famed Zagar Mengal tribe and was the nephew of the Baloch National Poet Mir Gul Khan Nasir. His father's name was Mir Lal Bakhsh Mengal and he had seven siblings. His mother was a prominent member of the Gichki family from Mekran. Mir Noor-ud- din Mengal Urdu: میر نورالدین مینگلâ¬âŽ) was a senior Baloch politician who was active in Balochistan's political scene for nearly four decades, from 1970 to 2010. He belonged to the famed Zagar Mengal tribe and was the nephew of the Baloch National Poet Mir Gul Khan Nasir. His father's name was Mir Lal Bakhsh Mengal and he had seven siblings. For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for Mir Nooruddin Mengal. Home. News. Shaheed Mir Nooruddin Mengal making a speech in Kalat. The famous Meeree which was the Royal Palace of the Khans of Kalat up until 1932 is visible in the background. It was abandoned in 1932 and destroyed in the eathquake of 1935. Only the topmost floor of the once seven floored structure remains above ground now. Mir Nooruddin setting Mir Gul Khan Nasir's body down by BNP M. -
The Baloch Movement: a Study of Ethno-Nationalist Conflict
The Baloch Movement: a Study of Ethno-nationalist Conflict by Ali Qasim Khaliq Kareemi A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Political Economy Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2018, Ali Qasim Khaliq Kareemi Abstract The Baloch movement is a diffuse and splintered ethno-nationalist movement oriented against the Pakistani state and broadly aimed at attaining political autonomy for Baloch peoples. This project traces the history of the Baloch movement, assessing how key variables have played out at local, state and international levels and affected the movement’s evolution. A complex Baloch ethnicity built on a fractious tribal social base, a fluctuating supply of resources, broader state and international politics and actors, and a colonial legacy that manifests through a power-centralizing Pakistani state are all key factors that have affected the evolution of the Baloch movement. This project contributes to literature on ethno-nationalist conflict by emphasizing how these factors must be dynamically assessed together at local, state, and international levels in order to explain how ethno-nationalist movements evolve. ii Acknowledgements This project owes much to my thesis supervisor Professor Gopika Solanki. Professor Solanki’s insightful guidance and unwavering support have been fundamental to this project’s success. I would also like to thank Donna Coghill, Administrator of the Institute of Political Economy, for keeping myself and so many of us students on track. Donna’s care and concern for the students in the Institute of Political Economy and her warm demeanour made the institute a wonderful place to learn.