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MATHIAE CASIMIRI SARBIEWSKI E SOCIETATE JESU POLONI j POEMATA OMNIA. Editio omnium, quae adhuc prodierant, longe plenissima. Ad usum alumnorum S. J. Biblioteka Jagielloriska 1001151874 1 0 0 1 1 5 1 8 7 4 Superiorum permissu. STARAVIESL®. TYPIS ET SUMPTIBUS COLLEGII S. J. MCCCXCII, CtACOVIENSIS -*xu< AD JUVENES SCHOLASTICOS S. J. „Monumenta ingenii tui non imber edax, non.aquilo im­ potens, aut innumerabilis annorum series poterit diruere; etiam vita functus vives, ac per ora hominum incedes“ — scripsit olim per litteras Sarbievio amicus ejus et aequus ingeniorum judex Stanislaus Lubieuski, Antistes Plocensis. Quae quam vere fuerint praenuntiata, quis est, qui non videat f Nam si La­ tios quosdam Q-rajosque excipias scriptores, quorum opera ubi­ que terrarum leguntur, unicus fere ex recentioribus po&tis illud fortunae nactus est Sarbievius, ut apud omnes gentes excidtas noscatur et passim uno quasi ore celebretur. E t re quidem vera, ut taciti praetermittamus, qualis nostra, qui fratres sumus Sarbievii, sit de illo opinio, si modo conside­ raverimus, tantam doctissimorum hominum, exterorum magis quam popularium, multitudinem in ejus laudem conspirasse, hominum ab ejus patria, religione, genere, quod profite­ batur, vitae, animo nonnumquam prorsus alienorum: si tot eximios poittas, quos saeculum produxit decimum et septimum, primas Sarbievio partes sine invidia detulisse attenderimus: si numerosam et quae adhuc a nemine recenseri potuit, editio­ num copiam: si pietatem illam, qua Musae ejus foetus vel exigui ab exteris colligebantur, qua vulgati a litteraria repu- blica excipiebantur: si tot scholarum et academiarum1) in ejus ]) „Floretin omnibus academiisu scripsit jam editor Mediolanensis 1645. A* Lyricis legendis, explicandis, commentandis assiduitatem: si denique in ornando hoc vate, qua lauro, qua carminibus et statuis ne post tria quidem saecula elanguescens studium repu­ taverimus: poetam illum fuisse summum et omni laude majo- rem fateamur necesse est. Quod vero tantam ei peperit glo­ riam, id non aliud est, quam quod, communi doctorum judicio, ipse ad puritatem et genium linguae latinae omnium, qui ul­ timis saeculis eadem usi sunt, proxime accessit, entheum vero quod attinet, cogitationum sublimitatem, morum candorem, ve­ teres illos poetas omnes longe superavit: arte Horatio par, mente excelsior. Quam ob rem quod olim in publicis gymnasiis et academiis Angliae, Belgii, Hungariae, ad nostrum usque saeculum factum esse legimus, id potissimum in scholis Socie­ tatis nostrae, in Polonia praesertim, usu receptum erat, immo hodie quoque est quandoque, ut, dum latini Huraiii carmina explicentur, Sarmatici quoque Lyrica Horatii legantur et cum prioribus componantur.*) Quo sane ducti consilio, editionem hanc paravimus, ut juvenibus nostrae primum provinciae, dein aliarum etiam provinciarum, erudiendis accommodetur. Id per­ quam opportunum multisque gratissimum fore vel ideo spera­ mus, quod celeberrimi nostri poetae exemplaria, quinquagies amplius recusa, nunc jam fere in majoribus dumtaxat biblio­ thecis omni diligentia asservantur, ac praeter has in bibliopo­ larum tabernis jam vix venalia prostant. Initio propositum nobis erat, editionem solummodo Argen- toratensem 1803, bonam eam quidem sed non optimam, quae ad manum nobis erat, sub nostro prelo iterum imprimere. At vergenle ja m ad finem typographi labore, cum nos amicus qui­ dam commonefecisset, exstare alia etiam ejusdem auctoris poe­ mata, quae nos hactenus latuerant: mutato consilio, eadem nostro libro addenda censuimus. Haec tamen, quae pietate in poetam ducti addidimus, aliquam a lectoribus indulgentiam requirunt. Auctor enim ipse, cum viveret, Lyricorum dumtaxat 1) Etiam nuper Ulmus Archieppus Varsaviensis Popiel jussit carmina Sarbievii in seminario suae dioeceseos praelegi alumnis. (Kuryer Warszaw- ski 2. Febr. 1884.) et Eppigrammatum libros, ad quos e penu suo nonnisi selectis- sima quaeque carmina adsciscebat, nomine suo editos voluit; et praeter hos soli fortasse Lechiadi nomen apposuisset, si su­ perstes eam edidisset. Reliquorum vero poematum alia dissi­ mulato tantum nomine typis vulgavit, alia nunquam vulgatui-us erat. A os nullo adhibito selectu, ea omnia poemata Sarbievii, quae praeterito saeculo a PP. Naruszewicz et Bohomolec vul­ gata erant, paginis 294 —345, 360—398, 489— 506 nostrae editionis inseruimus. (Illud tamen advertimus, nos falsam Pa­ tris Bohomolec opinionem secutos, quinque odas ad Sigismun- dum III, (pag. 383—398J perperam carminibus Sarbievii an­ numerasse, quum nunc ja m nobis cum omni certitudine constet, easdem a P. Gilberto Jonino S. J. Gallo esse compositas, et in ipsius Lyricorum libris reperiri.J Cum praeterea ea de Cruce S. Andreae carmina, quae J. Krystyniacki non ita p r i­ dem ediderat, paginis 399—422 iteravimus, cum obtentum etiam a D. Stanislao Windakiewicz „Aureum saeculum" pag. 345— 359, nec non epigrammata qucedam cum tribus odis a D. Kry- styniacki nobis missa pag. 509—538 excripsimus: editionem adeo auximus nostram, ut haec unica sit, quae omnia omnino Sarbievii carmina adhuc cognita complectatur. Quo successu alacres facti, accuratius in poetae vitam et libros sive a Sar- bievio, sive de eo ab aliis lucubratos, inquirere coepimus, et quantum per breve sane tempus id licuit, collectas a nobis annotationes cum lectoribus communicamus. Quo in negotio etsi omnem adhibuimus curam, ut res nonnisi certae proferantur et probatae, minime praetendimus, nos materiam exhausisse to­ tam; quod si aliquantisper saltem ad capiendum auctorem contulerimus, viamque panderimus aliis ad similes disquisitiones continuandas, uberem laboris hujus mercedem consecutos nos esse jure merito laetabimur. Expedit, ut hoc loco iis omnibus gratias agamus maximas, qui nos in hocce labore aliquomodo adjuverunt; quorum e nu­ mero amplissimis viris Stanislao Windakiewicz, Joanni Kry­ styniacki, Sigismundo Wolski, Adalberto Kgtrzymki, item Pa­ tribus Octaviano Cagnacci, e provincia Veneta, Carolo Sorn- mervogel bibliographo, Societatis nostrae alumnis, nec non qui­ busdam sociis nostrae provinciae, maxime obligatos nos esse pronuntiamus. En, juvenes religiosissimi, librum, quem vobis frequenter versandum destinamus et ex animo dedicamus. Loci varian­ tes, quos e diversis editionibus collectos adjecimus, praeterquam quod ad multorum Sarbievii carminum originem indicandam magni sunt momenti, docebunt vos etiam, quomodo ingenii ve­ stri foetus pedetentim emendare et perficere vos oporteat, cum etiam suos poeta tam eximius nonnisi per diuturna tentamina lento passu ad summam usque perfectionem deduxisset. Index geographicus et historicus nominum propriorum, nostra indu­ stria insigniter auctus ac fere completus, levabit vos ea diffi­ cultate, quae a legendo Sarbievio multos absterrebat. His ad­ jumentis instructi, legite divini vatis carmina, atque ex his limpidissimis potius fontibus arcanas poeseos notiones, latinae- que scientiam linguae haurite. Staraviesiae Calendis Maji 1892. T. W. S. J. y i t a . 1 5 9 5. 2 4. Febr. natus est Mathias Casimirus in Sarbiewo, gentilitia Sarbieviorum villa, prope Plonscium (Plousk) Polo- niae urbem in Palatinatu Plocensi, Ducatu Masoviae, Territo­ rio Ciechanoviensi sitam. Ortum duxit e nobili apud Polonos gente Prawda seu Prawdzic, cujus majores huc ex Italia com­ migrasse credebantur. Avum armorum studio nobilissimum ha­ buit Adamum, centum et novem annos superstitem; patrem Matthaeum, matrem Anastasiam Milewska; fratrem vero ger­ manum Stanislaum, Palatinum Masoviae. Sub auspiciis Dei­ parae Virginis Claromontanae, quam a puero studiorum suo­ rum praesidem elegit, prima litterarum rudimenta posuit in gymnasio S. J. Pultoviensi, ubi, quanto esset ingenio, jam tum probavit, cum puer admodum lyrica carmina factitaret; cujus rei ipse meminit Lyr. lib. II. od. 15 ad Narviam amnem, qui Pultoviam praeterlabitur. 1612. 25. Julii in Soc. Jesu cooptatus est post absolutam Pultoviae rhetoricam. (R)1) Biennium tyroeinii explevit Vilnae, sub magistro Novitiorum P. Laurentio Bartilio, viro non minus sanctitate vitae quam scriptis clarissimo. Illo tempore Beati Andreae Bobolae, 1611 ingressi, religioso convictu totum annum fruitus, ac S. Stanislai Kostkae, consanguinei sui, virtutes aemulari contendens, solida sanctitatis posuit funda­ menta. 1614—1 617 philosophiae studuit Brunsbergae, et unum quidem annum logicae, unum physicae, unum denique me- taphysicae. (R) 1617 —1 618 erat magister syntaxeos et poeseos (R) Cro- sis (Kroze) Samogitiae oppido, ubi recens Societati Jesu gym­ nasium fundaverat Joan. Carolus Chodkiewiez. 1) Signum (H) quoties recurret, denotabit, rem hanc desumptam esse nuper ex archivo S. J, Romano. 161 8—1 6 2 0 in collegio Poloeensi rhetoricam artem ex­ plicuit (E), et quod summis nonnisi viris concedi solet, juvenis et nondum sacris ordinibus initiatus, informandis ad huma­ nitatem Societatis adolescentibus magister praefuit. 16 2 0—1 6 2 2 auditor theologiae I. et II. anno Vilnae. (E) 162 2 missus Romam ad conficiendum reliquum studii the­ ologici curriculum, mense Novembri eodem pervenit, statim- que tertium annum theologiae in collegio Romano exorsus est (R). Comites itineris habuit scholasticos sui ordinis adolescen­ tes: Joannem Gruzewski, Oswaldum Kriger, Andream Rudo- mina, apud Sinenses demortuum, Nicolaum Zawisza, de cujus immaturo paulo post suum in Urbem adventum obitu, tum de iis, quae sibi in via acciderant, scripsit elegiam (pag. 286 et 570 nostr. edit.). Cum prope Bambergam, Sueviae urbem, iter facerent, effusus repente e montium silvarumque latebris praedonum armatorum globus, et vehiculam
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    BLACK SEA STUDIES 2 The Danish National Research Foundation’s Centre for Black Sea Studies ANCIENT FISHING AND FISH PROCESSING IN THE BLACK SEA REGION Edited by Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen AARHUS UNIVERSITY PRESS ANCIENT FISHING AND FISH PROCESSING IN THE BLACK SEA REGION Proceedings of an interdisciplinary workshop on marine resources and trade in fish products in the Black Sea region in antiquity, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, April 4-5, 2003. Copyright: Aarhus University Press, 2005 Cover design by Jakob Munk Højte and Lotte Bruun Rasmussen Mosaic with scene of fishermen at sea from a tomb in the catacomb of Hermes in Hadrumetum (Sousse Museum, inv.no. 10.455). Late second century AD. 320 x 280 cm. Photo: Gilles Mermet. Printed in Gylling by Narayana Press ISBN 87 7934 096 2 AARHUS UNIVERSITY PRESS Langelandsgade 177 DK-8200 Aarhus N 73 Lime Walk Headington, Oxford OX2 7AD Box 511 Oakville, CT 06779 www.unipress.au.dk The publication of this volume has been made possible by a generous grant from the Danish National Research Foundation Danish National Research Foundation’s Centre for Black Sea Studies Building 328 University of Aarhus DK-8000 Aarhus C www.pontos.dk Contents Illustrations and Tables 7 Introduction 13 Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen Fish as a Source of Food in Antiquity 21 John Wilkins Sources for Production and Trade of Greek and Roman Processed Fish 31 Robert I. Curtis The Archaeological Evidence for Fish Processing in the Western Mediterranean 47 Athena Trakadas The Technology and Productivity of Ancient Sea Fishing 83 Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen The Reliability of Fishing Statistics as a Source for Catches and Fish Stocks in Antiquity 97 Anne Lif Lund Jacobsen Fishery in the Life of the Nomadic Population of the Northern Black Sea Area in the Early Iron Age 105 Nadežda A.