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Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) Revision of the genus Alophosternum Cushman with a new species from Japan (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) C. J. Zwakhals ZWAKHALS, C. J., 1987. REVISION OF THE GENUS ALOPHOSTERNUM CUSHMAN WITH A NEW SPECIES FROM JAPAN (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE, PIMPLINAE) - ENT. BERAMST. 47(7): 108-111. Abstract: The Holarctic genus Alophosternum is revised. A. foliicola albofacialis Kasparyan, 1981 is raised to spe¬ cies level, and is reported for the first time from Central Europe (Austria). A. nigricoxis spec. nov. is described from Japan. An illustrated key to the females is given. Onderweg 19, 4241 XD Arkel. Introduction The Holarctic genus Alophosternum Cush¬ nese material of the Townes collection has man, 1933 (Pimplinae, Ephialtini) consists shown that the European specimens repre¬ of ectoparasites of leaf-mining larvae. The sent a distinct species: Alophosternum albo¬ genus is easily recognised by the absence of facialis Kasparyan, 1981 stat. nov., and that the prepectal carina and the absence of the the Japanese specimens belong to a closely middle part of the strongly downward dip¬ related species: Alophosternum nigricoxis ping occipital carina (Townes 1969: 63). spec. nov. Nevertheless, it was not until 1981 that the first specimen from Europe was recorded Key to the Alophosternum species (99) (Kasparyan, 1981) from the Leningrad re¬ gion. This specimen was described as the 1. Vertex subparallel-sided immediately new subspecies albofacialis Kasparyan, behind the eyes (fig. 1). First tergite as 1981 of the only known Alophosternum spe¬ long as apically broad (fig. 2). Hind tar¬ cies, A. foliicola Cushman, 1933. A. foliico¬ sal claw with acute lobe (fig. 3) Hypo- la occurs in the Nearctic region and an un¬ pygium with large median membranous described species occurs in Japan (Townes area. Face black, facial orbits (partly) & Townes, 1960: 207). In the present paper yellow. Nearctic .... foliicola Cushman Alophosternum is reported from Central — Vertex constricted behind the eyes (figs. Europe: one female from Austria. A com¬ 4,7). First tergite at least 1.5 times as parison of this specimen with the descrip¬ long as apically broad (figs. 5, 8). Hind tion and figure of A. foliicola given by tarsal claw without acute lobe (figs. 6, Townes & Townes (1960: 207-208, fig. 370) 9). Hypopygium completely sclerotized. has revealed structural differences between Face (except for a central streak below the Austrian specimen and A. foliicola. The the antennae) and clypeus yellow-white. original description of A. foliicola albofacia¬ Palaearctic ....................... 2 lis gives information mainly about the col¬ 2. First tergite widened posteriorly (fig. our pattern. A comparison of the Austrian 8). Hind coxa (fulvo)-ferruginous. specimen with the holotype of A. foliicola Fourth tergite 2.5 times as broad as albofacialis and with American and Japa¬ long. Pedicel (yellowish) brown under- Ent. Ber., Amst. 47 (1987) 109 neath. Europe .. alh o facialis Kasparyan gite 5 punctured in basal 0.25. Tergites 3-5 — First tergite with subparallel sides poste¬ with shallow transverse subbasal and preap- riorly (fig. 5). Hind coxa black. Fourth ical impressions, tergite 2 and 3 with weak tergite twice as broad as long, abdomen pre-apical transverse impression. Short more slender. Pedicel pale yellow un¬ brown thyridiae on tergite 2, about half as derneath. East Palaearctic ... wide as their mutual distance. Ovipositor in ... nigricoxis spec. nov. basal third curved downward, apically straight. Apex of lower valve with 4 minute Alophostemum nigricoxis spec. nov. ridges. Ovipositor sheaths about one third as long as fore wing. Fore wing hyaline with (figs. 4-6) fuscous pterostigma, areolet twice as long as high. Second recurrent vein separated Types - Holotype, 9: “Kamikochi Jap[an], July 26, from distal part of cubitus by twice the 1954. Townes Family” in Townes collection Gaines¬ ville. Paratypes: Sapporo Japan, Jul. 15, 1954, David breadth of a vein. (In A. foliicola these Townes, 1 $ in Townes coll.; same data but Jul. 13, veins almost coincide at the lower outer cor¬ 1954, IS in Townes coll.; Jul. 9, 1954, Townes Family, ner of the areolet). Nervellus broken at the 1 6 in Zwakhals coll. middle, discoidella not pigmented. Front- Holotype, 9 and middle-tarsal claws with acute basal Fore wing length 5.5 mm. Body length 6.5 lobe, hind claw without such a lobe. mm. Flagellum with 26 segments, all elon¬ gate, the first one 5 times as long as broad. Colour pattern Face 1.5 times as wide as high. Clypeus bas- Body black, except for clypeus, mandibles, ally convex, medially impressed and with malar space, lower half of gena, greater apical margin strongly emarginate. Mandi¬ part of face and lower half of frontal orbit ble with upper tooth about 1.5 times as which are pale yellow; central part of face large as lower one. Malar space 0.7 times as below antennae with black vertical streak. long as basal width of mandible. Hyposto- Palpi white. Hind angle of pronotum, tegu- mal carina meeting occipital carina behind lae and subalar prominence pale yellow. the base of mandible at a distance 0.6 times Front and middle legs, including coxae, pale the breadth of base of mandible. Hyposto- yellow, their tarsi white. All trochanters mal carina about 3 times as high as genal ca¬ white. Hind coxae black, their extreme rina. Upper part of occipital carina is rather apex white. Hind femur fulvous. Hind tibia poorly developed, dipping strongly down¬ white, sub-basally and apically fuscous. ward and absent medially. Malar space co¬ Middle and hind tarsal segments white, api¬ riaceous; clypeus, face, frons, vertex and cally fuscous. Front tarsus almost complete¬ genae polished and impunctate, covered ly white. Abdomen black, apical margin of with short, widely spaced white setae. Tho¬ tergite 2-4 reddish-brown. Flagellum fus¬ rax polished and impunctate. Prepectal cari¬ cous, segment 1, and pedicel underneath na absent. Lateral areas of propodeum with pale yellow. long white setae; petiolar area bare. Propo¬ deum with only submetapleural carina pre¬ Variation sent. First tergite (fig. 5) with shallow irreg¬ The female paratype corresponds in struc¬ ular punctures on dorsal face, dorso-lateral ture and colour pattern to the holotype but carinae well developed. Spiracles of first is 5 mm long. The male paratypes corre¬ tergite slightly before the middle. Median spond in structure and colour pattern to the dorsal carina weakly developed. Tergites 2- female holotype. Vertex shaped as in the 8 broader than long, depressed. Tergites 2- female (cf. fig. 4). The first tergite is twice 4 shining, and, except for their apical fourth as long as apically wide. Flagellum with 22 part, strongly and closely punctured. Ter¬ segments, segments 6 and 7 having shiny ty- 110 Ent. Ber., Amst. 47 (1987) Figs. 1-3. Alophosternum fo¬ liicola Cushman, 9 U.S.A., Maine, Bar Harbor, side of Cadillac Mts, June 28-30, 1935, ex Phyllotoma nemora- ta. Figs. 4-6. A. nigricoxis spec, nov., 9 holotype. Figs. 7-9. A. albofascialis Kas¬ paryan, 9 holotype. Figs. 1, 4, 7 head, dorsal aspect; 2, 5, 8 first tergite; 3, 6, 9 hind claw. (Scale line in figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8: 0.5 mm; in figs. 3, 6, 9:1.25 mm.) loids over their entire length, segment 8 in ferruginous; propodeum with black bor¬ its basal half (and 9 in its basal half, in one ders. In the holotype the tergites 2-5 are specimen). Pale markings are white, face dark reddish-brown and have fulvous apical completely white. All claws without acute borders. In the Austrian specimen the ab¬ lobe. domen is black; tergites 2-5 are laterally reddish-brown and have fulvous apical bor¬ Alophosternum albofacialis Kasparyan, stat. ders. In both specimens the mesosternum is nov. black. The Austrian specimen has a yellow (figs. 7-9) scutellum. Flagellum consisting of 25 (Le¬ ningrad) or 26 (Salzburg) segments. Other¬ Alophosternum foliicola albofacialis Kasparyan, 1981: 64 wise as nigricoxis spec. nov. This species has also been found in the Caucasus (Kas¬ Material examined: 9 Holotype A. foliicola albofacia¬ paryan, in lit.) lis, Kobralowo, 40-44 km S Leningrad, 22.vii.1972, Kasparyan in coll. Zool. Inst. Leningrad; 1 9 [Austria] Slzbg, Salzachau, 17.6.84, M. Schwarz in coll. Zwak¬ Alophosternum foliicola Cushman, 1933 hals. (figs. 1-3) In both specimens the pronotum, mesono- Cushman, 1933: 8; Townes & Townes, 1960: 207-208, figs. 87, 370; Townes, 1969: 89; Carlson, 1979: 334. tum (except basal part of middle region) mesopleura and propodeum are (fulvo-) This species has been found in the U.S.A. Ent. Ber., Amst. 47 (1987) 111 in the northeastern States and in California. Acknowledgement I have examined 5 $ 9 from the U.S.A. I am grateful to C. van Achterberg (Leiden) for his (Newfoundland, Maine, Michigan and Cali¬ help in the preparation of this paper, to D. R. Kaspa- fornia) from the Townes collection. The ryan (Leningrad) for the loan of the type of A. foliicola northeastern specimens are black. The albofacialis, to H. K. Townes (Gainesville) for the loan of Alophosternum specimens from his collection, and mesopleura and propodeum of the two Cal¬ to M. Schwarz (Zwettl an der Rodl, Austria) for the ifornian specimens are fulvo-ferruginous; in Austrian specimen. one of these two specimens tergites 2-4 are dark fulvous, the other specimen has a black abdomen. References Carlson, R. W., 1979 Ichneumonidae. In: Hymeno- Biology ptera in America North of Mexico (K. V. Krombein et al. eds.) 1: 315-740. Smithsonian Institution Townes & Townes (1960: 208) report that Press, Washington. A. foliicola has been reared from Cushman, R. A., 1933. Description of new ichneu¬ sawfly and lepidopterous leaf miners on de¬ mon-flies with taxonomic notes. - Proc. U.S. natn. ciduous trees. Most specimens have been Mus.
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