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The Genus Brassavola, (L.) R.Br
The Genus Brassavola, (L.) R.Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 216 (1813) Type: Brassavola [B.] cucullata [bra-SAH-vo-la kyoo-kyoo-LAH-ta] There are 28 species (OrchidWiz [update Dec 2017]) that are epiphytes and sometimes lithophytes at elevations of from sea level to 3300 ft (1000 m) from Mexico, southern Caribbean islands to northern Argentina in moist or wet montane forests, mangroves, rocky crevices and cliff faces. They are most fragrant at night and many with a citrus smell. The genus is characterized by very small pencil-like pseudobulbs, often forming large clumps; a single, fleshy, apical, sub-terete leaf and the inflorescence produced form the apex of the pseudobulb. The inflorescence carries from a single to a few large flowers. The floral characteristics are elongate narrow similar sepals and petals, the base of the lip usually tightly rolled around at least a portion of the column which carries 12, sometimes eight unequal pollina with prominent opaque caudicles. The flowers usually occur, as a rule, in spring, summer and fall. The flowers are generally yellow to greenish white with a mostly white lip. It is not unusual for dark spots, usually purple, to be in the region where the sepals, petals, and lip join the stem (claw). This spotting is a dominant generic trait in Brassavola nodose. They are easily cultivated under intermediate conditions. Although this is a relatively small genus (28 species), the species show an unusually close relationship with one another in their floral patterns, coloration, and column structure making identification difficult, key to know where the plants were collected. -
An Introduction to the Epiphytic Orchids of East Africa
Sphyrarchynchus sp. Cyrtorchis crassifoHa Schltr. AN INTRODUCTION TO THE EPIPHYTIC ORCHIDS OF EAST AFRICA. By W. M. MOREAU AND R. E. MOREAU. C()IYl,tents. 1. Introduction. 2. Nomenclature and classification. 3. General ecology. 4. The orchid flower. 5. Published and unpublished sources of East African records. 6. Tentative field key to the genera. 7. Annotated check-list of species. 1. INTRODUCTION. Over fifteen thousand species of orchids have been described, the vast majority of them tropical, and the greater part of them epiphytic, that is, normally growing on trees without deriving sustenance from them. But little more than ten per cent of the majestic total belong to Tropical Africa and moreover, so far as is known at present, within that area ground orchids predominate over epiphytic in the proportion of more than three to one. There is reason to believe that these figures are a reflection rather of our ignorance than of the truth. Because the Tropical African epiphytic orchids are not characterised by the magni• ficence and opulence of those of other regions, they have not attracted the commercial collector and certainly are most imperfectly known. Yet the local orchids display a delightful diversity of adaptation and of form. None are flamboyant, but many are beautiful, some are exquisitely dainty and a few are bizarre. They appeal to the same feelings and are capable of arousing the same enthusiasms as succulents or alpine plants. Moreover, anyone who takes the comparatively little trouble required to collect and grow them has the additional satisfaction of knowing that he is contributing to scientific knowledge. -
June 2016 Bulletin
TOWNSVILLE ORCHID SOCIETY INC. June 2016 Bulletin st Full contact details are on our Annual Membership Fees are due 1 September each year websitehttp://townsvilleorchidsociety.org.au Family $20.00 Pensioner Family $10.00 Postal Address: Hall Location: Single $15.00 Pensioner Single/Junior $7.50 PO Box 836 D.C. Joe Kirwan Park Country Family: $10.00 AITKENVALE QLD 4814 Charles Street, KIRWAN Details for paying membership fees: BSB:- 064823 Patron: Phyllis Merritt Account Number:- 0009 0973 President: Ted Boon Ph. 07 4775 2529 Name of Account: Townsville Orchid Society Inc. Email: [email protected] Commonwealth Bank, Aitkenvale Secretary: Jean Nicholson Ph. 07 4773 4208 Email: [email protected] Are you currently un-financial? To remain a member of the Acting Treasurer: Terry Ruxton Townsville Orchid Society Inc. and to continue to receive Bulletin Editor: Allan Anderson Mobile 0404 097 630 the TOS Bulletin you need to pay your annual membership Email: [email protected] Walter Martin 18 June Frank Ostrowski 2 July Donna Marnock 21 June Alan Dean 7 July Bernice Leeson 24 June Irwin Feldt 7 July Allan Hughes 25 June Beryl Philippi 7 July Terry Ruxton 26 June Alan Sheret 10 July Betty Sheret 28 June Janeen Ostrowski 12 July Neita Coulson 2 July Jan Allen 24 July Frank Ostrowski 2 July Alis Siarni 25 July Judges for June VETERAN C TRUSCOTT A KNOWLES P LUCKE OPEN/NOVICE/SPECIES E BOON D BENSON M BLOOM REGISTRARS CHOICE Species - Dendrobium macrophyllum - W & J Hybrid - Oncidium Sweet Sugar ‘Angel’ Nicholson, 80 Points F & D Marnock, 82 Points Novice – Cattleya Rosella Cherry Ripe Specimen -. -
Phylogenetic Placement of the Enigmatic Orchid Genera Thaia and Tangtsinia: Evidence from Molecular and Morphological Characters
TAXON 61 (1) • February 2012: 45–54 Xiang & al. • Phylogenetic placement of Thaia and Tangtsinia Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic orchid genera Thaia and Tangtsinia: Evidence from molecular and morphological characters Xiao-Guo Xiang,1 De-Zhu Li,2 Wei-Tao Jin,1 Hai-Lang Zhou,1 Jian-Wu Li3 & Xiao-Hua Jin1 1 Herbarium & State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P.R. China 2 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, P.R. China 3 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun Township, Mengla County, Yunnan province 666303, P.R. China Author for correspondence: Xiao-Hua Jin, [email protected] Abstract The phylogenetic position of two enigmatic Asian orchid genera, Thaia and Tangtsinia, were inferred from molecular data and morphological evidence. An analysis of combined plastid data (rbcL + matK + psaB) using Bayesian and parsimony methods revealed that Thaia is a sister group to the higher epidendroids, and tribe Neottieae is polyphyletic unless Thaia is removed. Morphological evidence, such as plicate leaves and corms, the structure of the gynostemium and the micromorphol- ogy of pollinia, also indicates that Thaia should be excluded from Neottieae. Thaieae, a new tribe, is therefore tentatively established. Using Bayesian and parsimony methods, analyses of combined plastid and nuclear datasets (rbcL, matK, psaB, trnL-F, ITS, Xdh) confirmed that the monotypic genus Tangtsinia was nested within and is synonymous with the genus Cepha- lanthera, in which an apical stigma has evolved independently at least twice. -
Generic and Subtribal Relationships in Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) Based on Matk/Ycf1 Plastid Data
LANKESTERIANA 13(3): 375—392. 2014. I N V I T E D P A P E R* GENERIC AND SUBTRIBAL RELATIONSHIPS IN NEOTROPICAL CYMBIDIEAE (ORCHIDACEAE) BASED ON MATK/YCF1 PLASTID DATA W. MARK WHITTEN1,2, KURT M. NEUBIG1 & N. H. WILLIAMS1 1Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-7800 USA 2Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Relationships among all subtribes of Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) were estimated using combined matK/ycf1 plastid sequence data for 289 taxa. The matrix was analyzed using RAxML. Bootstrap (BS) analyses yield 100% BS support for all subtribes except Stanhopeinae (87%). Generic relationships within subtribes are highly resolved and are generally congruent with those presented in previous studies and as summarized in Genera Orchidacearum. Relationships among subtribes are largely unresolved. The Szlachetko generic classification of Maxillariinae is not supported. A new combination is made for Maxillaria cacaoensis J.T.Atwood in Camaridium. KEY WORDS: Orchidaceae, Cymbidieae, Maxillariinae, matK, ycf1, phylogenetics, Camaridium, Maxillaria cacaoensis, Vargasiella Cymbidieae include many of the showiest align nrITS sequences across the entire tribe was Neotropical epiphytic orchids and an unparalleled unrealistic due to high levels of sequence divergence, diversity in floral rewards and pollination systems. and instead to concentrate our efforts on assembling Many researchers have posed questions such as a larger plastid data set based on two regions (matK “How many times and when has male euglossine and ycf1) that are among the most variable plastid bee pollination evolved?”(Ramírez et al. 2011), or exon regions and can be aligned with minimal “How many times have oil-reward flowers evolved?” ambiguity across broad taxonomic spans. -
The Atlanta Orchid Society Bulletin
The Atlanta Orchid Society Bulletin Affiliated with the American Orchid Society, the Orchid Digest Corporation and the Mid-America Orchid Congress 2001 Recipient of the American Orchid Society’s Distinguished Affiliated Societies Service Award Newsletter Editor: Danny Lentz Society Librarian: Elaine Jacobson Volume 45: Number 7 www.altantaorchidsociety.org July 2004 JULY EVENTS The Meeting: 8:00 PM Monday, July 12, 2004, Atlanta Botanical Garden - Day Hall Mr. Mark Rose, Breckinridge Orchids Mark Rose, the owner of Breckinridge Orchids in North Carolina, will present a wonderful slide show on species Paphiopedilums and will talk about their culture. Mark is well known for his work in Paphs and Phalaenopsis; and, since he grows in a climate similar to Atlanta, he should have a lot of useful information that Atlanta members can apply. He will be bringing plants for sale. You can order plants by phone at 336-656-7991. His website does not appear to be working (www.breckinridgeorchids.com). The cutoff date for preorders is July 8. Inside This Issue Atlanta Orchid Society 2004 Officers…………………………………………..….…………… Page 2 Collector’s Item……Encyclia cordigera (H.B.K.) Dressler……Ron McHatton…..………... Page 2 Events Out and About………………Dates for your Calendar…………...……….…….……… Page 3 Minutes of the June Meeting ………………..….…….…...……….………….…………….… Page 3 The June Exhibition Table (with notes by Ron McHatton)….………………………………..... Page 4 Recent AOS Awards from the Atlanta Judging Center…………………………………………. Page 7 American Cattleyas – book info……………………………………………………………….. Page 9 Second Quarter Exhibition Table Results, Notices……………………………………….……. Page 10 Understanding pH Management and Plant Nutrition part 4 : Substrates…….Bill Argo …….... After Page 10 All contents © Atlanta Orchid Society unless otherwise noted. -
INVENTAIRE DES ORCHIDEES DE TALATAKELY PARC NATIONAL DE RANOMAFANA ETUDES MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MOLECULAIRE DE CINQ ESPECES DU GENRE Aerangis (Rchb.F.)
UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO FACULTE DES SCIENCES Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales Mémoire pour l’obtention du Diplôme d’Etudes Approfondies (D.E.A.) En Biologie et Ecologie Végétales OPTION : ECOLOGIE VEGETALE INVENTAIRE DES ORCHIDEES DE TALATAKELY PARC NATIONAL DE RANOMAFANA ETUDES MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MOLECULAIRE DE CINQ ESPECES DU GENRE Aerangis (Rchb.f.) Présenté par RANDRIANINDRINA Veloarivony Rence Aimée (Maître ès Sciences) Soutenu publiquement le, 31 Janvier 2008 Devant la Commission de jury composée de : Président : Pr. RAJERIARISON Charlotte Examinateurs : Dr. RABAKONANDRIANINA Elisabeth Dr. FALINIAINA Lucien Rapporteurs : Dr. RAKOUTH Bakolimalala Dr. EDWARD Louis Jr. 1 UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO FACULTE DES SCIENCES Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales Mémoire pour l’obtention du Diplôme d’Etudes Approfondies (D.E.A.) En Biologie et Ecologie Végétales OPTION : ECOLOGIE VEGETALE INVENTAIRE DES ORCHIDEES DE TALATAKELY PARC NATIONAL DE RANOMAFANA ETUDES MORPHOLOGIQUE ET MOLECULAIRE DE CINQ ESPECES DU GENRE Aerangis (Rchb.f.) Présenté par RANDRIANINDRINA Veloarivony Rence Aimée (Maître ès Sciences) Soutenu publiquement le, 31 Janvier 2008 Devant la Commission de jury composée de : Président : Pr. Charlotte RAJERIARISON Examinateurs : Dr. Elisabeth RABAKONANDRIANINA Dr Lucien. FALINIAINA Rapporteurs : Dr. Bakolimalala RAKOUTH Dr. Louis Jr. EDWARD 2 REMERCIEMENTS En premier lieu, nous voudrions rendre gloire à Dieu pour sa bienveillance et sa bénédiction. Mené à terme ce mémoire, est le fruit de la collaboration entre -
Orchids: 2017 Global Ex Situ Collections Assessment
Orchids: 2017 Global Ex situ Collections Assessment Botanic gardens collectively maintain one-third of Earth's plant diversity. Through their conservation, education, horticulture, and research activities, botanic gardens inspire millions of people each year about the importance of plants. Ophrys apifera (Bernard DuPon) Angraecum conchoglossum With one in five species facing extinction due to threats such (Scott Zona) as habitat loss, climate change, and invasive species, botanic garden ex situ collections serve a central purpose in preventing the loss of species and essential genetic diversity. To support the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, botanic gardens create integrated conservation programs that utilize diverse partners and innovative techniques. As genetically diverse collections are developed, our collective global safety net against plant extinction is strengthened. Country-level distribution of orchids around the world (map data courtesy of Michael Harrington via ArcGIS) Left to right: Renanthera monachica (Dalton Holland Baptista ), Platanthera ciliaris (Wikimedia Commons Jhapeman) , Anacamptis boryi (Hans Stieglitz) and Paphiopedilum exul (Wikimedia Commons Orchi ). Orchids The diversity, stunning flowers, seductiveness, size, and ability to hybridize are all traits which make orchids extremely valuable Orchids (Orchidaceae) make up one of the largest plant families to collectors, florists, and horticulturists around the world. on Earth, comprising over 25,000 species and around 8% of all Over-collection of wild plants is a major cause of species flowering plants (Koopowitz, 2001). Orchids naturally occur on decline in the wild. Orchids are also very sensitive to nearly all continents and ecosystems on Earth, with high environmental changes, and increasing habitat loss and diversity found in tropical and subtropical regions. -
Review of Selected Literature and Epiphyte Classification
--------- -- ---------· 4 CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF SELECTED LITERATURE AND EPIPHYTE CLASSIFICATION 1.1 Review of Selected, Relevant Literature (p. 5) Several important aspects of epiphyte biology and ecology that are not investigated as part of this work, are reviewed, particularly those published on more. recently. 1.2 Epiphyte Classification and Terminology (p.11) is reviewed and the system used here is outlined and defined. A glossary of terms, as used here, is given. 5 1.1 Review of Selected, Relevant Li.terature Since the main works of Schimper were published (1884, 1888, 1898), particularly Die Epiphytische Vegetation Amerikas (1888), many workers have written on many aspects of epiphyte biology and ecology. Most of these will not be reviewed here because they are not directly relevant to the present study or have been effectively reviewed by others. A few papers that are keys to the earlier literature will be mentioned but most of the review will deal with topics that have not been reviewed separately within the chapters of this project where relevant (i.e. epiphyte classification and terminology, aspects of epiphyte synecology and CAM in the epiphyt~s). Reviewed here are some special problems of epiphytes, particularly water and mineral availability, uptake and cycling, general nutritional strategies and matters related to these. Also, all Australian works of any substance on vascular epiphytes are briefly discussed. some key earlier papers include that of Pessin (1925), an autecology of an epiphytic fern, which investigated a number of factors specifically related to epiphytism; he also reviewed more than 20 papers written from the early 1880 1 s onwards. -
Synopsis of the Trichocentrum-Clade (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae)
SyNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOCENTRUM-CLADE (ORCHIDACEAE, ONCIDIINAE) WILLIAM CETZAL-IX,1–3 GERMÁN CARNEVALI,1, 4 AND GUSTAVO ROMERO-GONZÁLEZ1, 4 Abstract: We present a synopsis of the Trichocentrum-clade of Oncidiinae. In this revision, we recognize 85 taxa assigned to four genera: Cohniella with 23 species in five complexes and two natural hybrids; Lophiaris with 27 species and eight natural hybrids, six of which are yet to be named; Trichocentrum with 27 species and two subspecies; and Lophiarella with three species. Cohniella yuroraensis is referred to the synonymy of C. ultrajectina, C. allenii and C. christensoniana to the synonymy of C. nuda, and C. croatii to C. lacera. Trichocentrum perezii is referred to the synonymy of Lophiaris andreana. A key to the genera of the Trichocentrum-clade is presented as well as keys to the complexes or groups of species and, when applicable, natural hybrids of Cohniella, Lophiarella, Lophiaris, and Trichocentrum. Keywords: Cohniella, geographic distribution, Lophiarella, Lophiaris, nomenclature, Trichocentrum The Trichocentrum Poeppig & Endlicher clade of endemic), Venezuela (3 endemic) all with 14 taxa, Honduras Oncidiinae, as circumscribed here, includes four genera: with 12 taxa, and Bolivia (one endemic), Guatemala, and Cohniella Pfitzer, Lophiarella Szlachetko, Mytnik-Ejsmont El Salvador all with 11 taxa. Other countries are represented & Romowicz, Lophiaris Rafinesque, and Trichocentrum by fewer than 10 taxa (Table 1). (Carnevali et al., 2013). Some authors recognize this clade Characters used to recognize taxa and hybrids within as a single genus using a broad definition forTrichocentrum the genera are primarily floral, such as the size and color (Williams et al., 2001; Sosa et al., 2001; Chase, 2009; (especially color patterns) of the flowers, shape and Neubig et al., 2012). -
Orchid Historical Biogeography, Diversification, Antarctica and The
Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2016) ORIGINAL Orchid historical biogeography, ARTICLE diversification, Antarctica and the paradox of orchid dispersal Thomas J. Givnish1*, Daniel Spalink1, Mercedes Ames1, Stephanie P. Lyon1, Steven J. Hunter1, Alejandro Zuluaga1,2, Alfonso Doucette1, Giovanny Giraldo Caro1, James McDaniel1, Mark A. Clements3, Mary T. K. Arroyo4, Lorena Endara5, Ricardo Kriebel1, Norris H. Williams5 and Kenneth M. Cameron1 1Department of Botany, University of ABSTRACT Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, Aim Orchidaceae is the most species-rich angiosperm family and has one of USA, 2Departamento de Biologıa, the broadest distributions. Until now, the lack of a well-resolved phylogeny has Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 3Centre for Australian National Biodiversity prevented analyses of orchid historical biogeography. In this study, we use such Research, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, a phylogeny to estimate the geographical spread of orchids, evaluate the impor- 4Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, tance of different regions in their diversification and assess the role of long-dis- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, tance dispersal (LDD) in generating orchid diversity. 5 Santiago, Chile, Department of Biology, Location Global. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Methods Analyses use a phylogeny including species representing all five orchid subfamilies and almost all tribes and subtribes, calibrated against 17 angiosperm fossils. We estimated historical biogeography and assessed the -