DOCSLIB.ORG

The Sama/Bajau Language in the Lesser Sunda Islands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Sama/Bajau Language in the Lesser Sunda Islands PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series D - No. 70 THE SAMA/BAJAU LANGUAGE IN THE LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS by Jilis A.J. Verheijen, SVD (MATERIALS IN LANGUAGES OF INDONESIA, No.32) W.A.L. Stokhof, Series Editor Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Verheijen, J.A.J.S. The Sama/Bajau language in the Lesser Sunda Islands. D-70, viii + 217 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1986. DOI:10.15144/PL-D70.cover ©1986 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIF.IC LINGUISTICS is issued through the Linguistic Circle of Canberra and consists of four series: SERIES A - Occasional Papers SERIES B - Monographs SERIES C - Books SERIES D - Special Publications EDITOR: S.A. Wurm ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock, C.L. Voorhoeve, D.T. Tryon, T.E. Dutton EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W. Bender K.A. McElhanon University of Hawaii Summer Institute of Linguistics David Bradley H.P. McKaughan La Trobe University University of Hawaii A. Capell P. MUhlhiiusler University of Sydney Linacre College, Oxford Michael G. Clyne G.N. O'Grady Monash University University of Victoria, B.C. S.H. Elbert A.K. Pawley University of Hawaii University of Auckland K.J. Franklin K.L. Pike Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics W.W. Glover E.C. Polome Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Texas G.W. Grace Malcolm Ross University of Hawaii Australian National University M.A.K. Halliday Gillian Sankoff University of Sydney University of Pennsylvania E. Haugen W.A.L. Stokhof Harvard University University of Leiden A. Healey B.K. T'sou Summer Institute of Linguistics City Polytechnic of Hong Kong L.A. Hercus E.M. Uhlenbeck Australian National University University of Leiden Nguy&n fHl.ng Liem J. W.M. Verhaar University of Hawaii Divine Word Institute, John Lynch Madang University of Papua New Guinea All correspondence concerning PACIFIC LINGUISTICS, including orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to: The Secretary PACIFIC LING UISTICS Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies The Australian National University Canberra, A.C.T. 2601 Australia Copyright © The Author First Published 1986 Typeset by Ling Matsay Maps drawn by Theo Baumann Printed by A.N.U. Printing Service Bound by Adriatic Bookbinders Pty Ltd The editors are indebted to the Australian National University for assistance in the production of this series This publication was made possible by an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund ISSN 0078-7566 ISBN 0 85883 335 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page MAP v PREFACE vii ABBREVIATIONS viii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. PHONETICS 2 2.1 General 2 2.2 Vocalic sounds 2 2.3 Diphthongs 3 2.4 The pepet 3 2.5 Consonants 4 3. PHONEMICS 5 3.1 Vowe ls 5 3.2 Vowel situations (diagram) 6 3.3 Diphthongs 7 3.4 Consonantal phonemes 7 3.5 Wo rd-stress 9 4. MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHOPHONEMICS 9 4.1 Morphophonemic changes of verbs 9 4.2 Substitutional nasalisation (N -) l 10 4.3 Prefixes 10 4.4 Suffixes 13 4.5 Circumfixes 15 4.6 Petrified affixed forms 17 4.7 Infixes 17 4.8 Reduplication 17 5. SYNTAX 19 5.1 General 19 5.2 Pronouns 19 5.3 Numerals 20 , 5.4 The emphatic ne 20 5.5 The sentence 20 6. SAMA PEOPLE , SAMA LANGUAGE AND SAMA DIALECTS 23 6.1 Race and language 23 6.2 Bajo settlements in the Lesser Sunda Islands 24 6.3 Dialectal differences 26 6.4 Why the Bajos spread so extensively 29 iii iv page 7. TEXTS WITH TRANSLATIONS 30 7.1 The sea-cow 's origin (with interlinear translation) 30 7.2 Going angling (w. i.t. ) 32 7.3 A riddle (w. i.t. ) 33 7.4 Aladdin and his larnp (with facing translation) 35 7.5 Love is the source of riches (w. f.t.) 41 7.6 The Island of Messah (w. f.t.) 44 7.7 A song 46 8. LISTS OF NAMES AND TERMS 47 8.1 Scientific - Sarna narnes of plants 47 8.2 Scientific - Sarna names of molluscs 49 8.3 Scientific - Sarna names of fishes 51 8.4 Names of other sea-animals and fishing-terms 55 8.5 Some personal names 55 8.6 Kinship terms and marriage 56 8.7 Some nautical terms 58 9. VOCABULARIES 60 9.1 Sarna - Indonesian - English 60 9.2 Indonesian - Sarna 122 9.3 English - Sarna 156 10. NOTES 195 BIBLIOGRAPHY 207 �� .r:if.� ""----.,.-::-:-"'=-=c:-' PA N TA R FLORES , , v " . " -_ .. SAWU ,4, � " . !.,,�£-;. 00 a d cJ.i. o Wangkung o Seteluk SUMBAWA BESAR MANGGARAI oRekas I o Taliwang III Sarna (Bajo) speaking settl ements in the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara) vii PREFACE In the harbours of th e Lesser Sunda Islands the 'Bajos ' are well-known fisher­ men and highly valued divers . However, in their daily life they are retiring and rather secluded from other tribes while living in often tiny villages which are scattered on small islands and lonely coasts . The Encyclopa edi e van Nederlandsch - Indi e gives a good survey of what was known and published about these sea-nomads in Eastern Indonesia up to 1917. Sixty years later the Koninklijk Instituut voor taal- , Land- en Volkenkunde in Leiden has earned the praise of all students interested by editing the brochure Sama/Bajau speakers in the Phi lippines, Northern Ma laysia and Indonesia according to da ta collected by Carol Molony and J. Noorduyn . From this survey it becomes obvious that since Adriani 's article in 1900 the study of the language of the Bajos in the Indonesian region hardly made any headway . The study was almost limited to a few small word lists . It is because of this scantiness that I venture to divulge my materials and remarks . I arn fully aware of their limitedness and deficiencies , since I had to correct myself often up to the last lines . But even so I do believe that a lot of data will be welcome for the sake of linguistic comparison from which I myself all but abstained . Although it was my first purpose to write about the Sarna language , yet many not directly linguistic peculiarities are given , especially in the Notes . They are connected with the history , wanderings and customs of this people of fishermen and former pirates . The se elements left clear imprints on the language in general and on the speech of different communities. I feel mo st indebted to my confrere Jim Perry who corrected my English in an early stage of th is article . Concerning the printing stage I am very grateful to Dr C.L. Voorhoeve who made numerous corrections and several essential emendations in my MS . Because of th is kind help I feel much assured as to the usefulness of this study . I should like to thank also the Editors for taking care of my far from perfect text, and Ling Matsay for her fine typesetting . viii ABBREVIATIONS - SINGKATAN-SINGKATAN Ad . Adonara Ml . Melayu adj . adjective MN Melanesia (Dempwolff) adv . adverb NB Nichols & Bartsch AN Austronesian (Dempwolff) o.s. oneself bdk bandingkan opp . opposite to page Bur . Bureh pl . plural cj., conj . conjunction Ji?N Polynesia (Dempwolff) cp o compare pref. prefix DH Delsman & Hardenberg prep . preposition dl dalam pron . pronoun dll dan lain-lain prt particle dng dengan sb sebangsa, sejenis dp dari pada sbg sebagai dr dari sing. singular dsb dan sebagainya s.o. someone dst dan seterusnya sp ., spp . species E. English spt seperti e.g. exempli gratia spy supaya IN Indonesia (Dempwolff) ssp . subspecies Ind . Indonesia sst sesuatu into interjection Sul . Sulamu intr . intransitive T. Tanjoh k kata Tog. Togian Islands k. o. kind of tr . transitive kpg . kampung tt ten tang ku . kata ulang v. verb lb., LB., Labuanbajo v. i. verb intransitive lih, Ih lihatlah v. t. verb transitive M. Manggarai yg yang Min. Minahasa ku"ma i the syllable ku is Mk. Makasar stressed For kinship abbreviations see note 72 . In etymology Dempwolff 's 'orthography ' and signs are used after AN etc . Verheijen, J.A.J.S. The Sama/Bajau language in the Lesser Sunda Islands. D-70, viii + 217 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1986. DOI:10.15144/PL-D70.cover ©1986 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. 1. INTRODUCTION In 1947 sailing in a sampan I noted my first Bajol words , a few bird names . In my notes I find that already then my attention was drawn by the double (I) and the u-tinged (0) in ka llo hepon. In 1977 I tried to know a bit more about the Bajo language in connection with my study of the people on the near�by Island of Komodo . So I filled in Swadesh 's list of 214 words with the kind help of the late Mr. Adang D�udje , whom I met in Labuanbajo. I had also a score of sentences translated . Then I learned that the Bajos there called themselves Sarna People Aha Sarna . My interest in the language was kindled anew by the pamphlet by Molony and Noorduyn, which I received in 1978. But the real piece of good luck was that I made the acquaintance of the then high-school student in Ruteng, the 20 years old Sahamma , Bajo by birth from Labuanbajo. 3 For many hours he taught me . He wrote a few stories, and transcribed - not always precisely - some tape­ recordings .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • This Keyword List Contains Indian Ocean Place Names of Coral Reefs, Islands, Bays and Other Geographic Features in a Hierarchical Structure
    CoRIS Place Keyword Thesaurus by Ocean - 8/9/2016 Indian Ocean This keyword list contains Indian Ocean place names of coral reefs, islands, bays and other geographic features in a hierarchical structure. For example, the first name on the list - Bird Islet - is part of the Addu Atoll, which is in the Indian Ocean. The leading label - OCEAN BASIN - indicates this list is organized according to ocean, sea, and geographic names rather than country place names. The list is sorted alphabetically. The same names are available from “Place Keywords by Country/Territory - Indian Ocean” but sorted by country and territory name. Each place name is followed by a unique identifier enclosed in parentheses. The identifier is made up of the latitude and longitude in whole degrees of the place location, followed by a four digit number. The number is used to uniquely identify multiple places that are located at the same latitude and longitude. For example, the first place name “Bird Islet” has a unique identifier of “00S073E0013”. From that we see that Bird Islet is located at 00 degrees south (S) and 073 degrees east (E). It is place number 0013 at that latitude and longitude. (Note: some long lines wrapped, placing the unique identifier on the following line.) This is a reformatted version of a list that was obtained from ReefBase. OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Bird Islet (00S073E0013) OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Bushy Islet (00S073E0014) OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Fedu Island (00S073E0008)
    [Show full text]
  • The Language Attitudes of Madurese People and the Prospects of Madura Language Akhmad Sofyan Department of Humanities, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
    The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 4(9): 3934-3938, 2017 DOI: 10.18535/ijsshi/v4i9.06 ICV 2015:45.28 ISSN: 2349-2031 © 2017, THEIJSSHI Research Article The Language Attitudes of Madurese People and the Prospects of Madura Language Akhmad Sofyan Department of Humanities, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia Abstract: Due to Madurese language behavior that does not have a positive attitude towards the language, Madurese has changed a lot. Many of the uniqueness of Madura language that is not used in the speech, replaced with the Indonesian language. Recently, in Madura language communication, it is found the use of lexical elements that are not in accordance with the phonological rules of Madura Language. Consequently, in the future, Madura language will increasingly lose its uniqueness as a language, instead it will appear more as a dialect of the Indonesian language. Nowadays, the insecurity of Madura language has begun to appear with the shrinking use of this language in communication. Therefore, if there is no a very serious and planned effort, Madura language will be extinct soon; No longer claimed as language, but will only become one of the dialects of the Indonesian language. Keywords: language change, uniqueness, dialectic, speech level, development. INTRODUCTION enjâ'-iyâ (the same type of ngoko speech in Javanese), Madura language is a local language that is used as a medium engghi-enten (The same type of krama madya in Javanese), of daily communication by Madurese people, both for those and èngghi-bhunten (the same type of krama inggil in who live in Madura Island and small islands around it and Javanese); Which Madurese people call ta’ abhâsa, bhâsa those who live in overseas.
    [Show full text]
  • 461114 1 En Bookbackmatter 209..247
    Conclusion: Convergent Paths In November 1945, the President of the Republic of Vietnam, Hồ Chí Minh, sent a letter addressed to ‘the President of the Republic of Indonesia’, proposing that a joint declaration of solidarity to be made by Indonesia and Vietnam in the form of a ‘Preparatory Commission Struggling for a Federation of the Free Peoples of Southern Asia’. The letter, entrusted to an American journalist named Harold Isaacs, did not reach President Soekarno.1 It was handed to Vice-President Mohammad Hatta, who then passed it on to Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir. Sjahrir discussed the offer with Soedjatmoko Koko, the interpreter to foreign correspon- dents of the Republican government, but told him that he would not reply and preferred just to ignore the letter. Sjahrir indifference sprang from his conviction that the situation in Indonesia and Vietnam were very different. The Indonesian nationalists were up against the Dutch, who were ‘a weak colonial power and could be defeated quickly.’ Hồ Chí Minh had to contend with the French, who could and would resist him for a long time. Furthermore, he looked askance at the fact that the DRV government depended on support from the communists, which was not the case in Indonesia. In conclusion, Sjahrir argued, ‘If we ally ourselves with Hồ Chí Minh, we shall weaken ourselves and delay Independence.’2 The story of the missed opportunity for cooperation between Vietnam and Indonesia3 as a result of Sjahrir’s ‘betrayal of the greater Asian revolution’,as 1Harold Robert Isaacs is the author of No Peace for Asia, which has been cited widely in this dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Masyarakat Kesenian Di Indonesia
    MASYARAKAT KESENIAN DI INDONESIA Muhammad Takari Frida Deliana Harahap Fadlin Torang Naiborhu Arifni Netriroza Heristina Dewi Penerbit: Studia Kultura, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sumatera Utara 2008 1 Cetakan pertama, Juni 2008 MASYARAKAT KESENIAN DI INDONESIA Oleh: Muhammad Takari, Frida Deliana, Fadlin, Torang Naiborhu, Arifni Netriroza, dan Heristina Dewi Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang All right reserved Dilarang memperbanyak buku ini Sebahagian atau seluruhnya Dalam bentuk apapun juga Tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit Penerbit: Studia Kultura, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sumatera Utara ISSN1412-8586 Dicetak di Medan, Indonesia 2 KATA PENGANTAR Terlebih dahulu kami tim penulis buku Masyarakat Kesenian di Indonesia, mengucapkan puji syukur ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa, karena atas berkah dan karunia-Nya, kami dapat menyelesaikan penulisan buku ini pada tahun 2008. Adapun cita-cita menulis buku ini, telah lama kami canangkan, sekitar tahun 2005 yang lalu. Namun karena sulitnya mengumpulkan materi-materi yang akan diajangkau, yakni begitu ekstensif dan luasnya bahan yang mesti dicapai, juga materi yang dikaji di bidang kesenian meliputi seni-seni: musik, tari, teater baik yang tradisional. Sementara latar belakang keilmuan kami pun, baik di strata satu dan dua, umumnya adalah terkonsentasi di bidang etnomusikologi dan kajian seni pertunjukan yang juga dengan minat utama musik etnik. Hanya seorang saja yang berlatar belakang akademik antropologi tari. Selain itu, tim kami ini ada dua orang yang berlatar belakang pendidikan strata dua antropologi dan sosiologi. Oleh karenanya latar belakang keilmuan ini, sangat mewarnai apa yang kami tulis dalam buku ini. Adapun materi dalam buku ini memuat tentang konsep apa itu masyarakat, kesenian, dan Indonesia—serta terminologi-terminologi yang berkaitan dengannya seperti: kebudayaan, pranata sosial, dan kelompok sosial.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza­ Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Kualitas Mikrobiologis Dangke Dengan Berbagai Jenis Pelapis Dan Lama Penyimpanan Pada Suhu Ruang Dan Suhu Refrigerasi
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Hasanuddin University Repository KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGIS DANGKE DENGAN BERBAGAI JENIS PELAPIS DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN PADA SUHU RUANG DAN SUHU REFRIGERASI SKRIPSI Oleh AYU SORAYA I 111 11 902 FAKULTAS PETERNAKAN UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2016 KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGIS DANGKE DENGAN BERBAGAI JENIS PELAPIS DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN PADA SUHU RUANG DAN SUHU REFRIGERASI Oleh AYU SORAYA I 111 11 902 Skripsi Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Peternakan pada Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Hasanuddin FAKULTAS PETERNAKAN UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN MAKASSAR 2016 ii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN 1. Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Ayu Soraya NIM : I 111 11 902 Menyatakan dengan sebenarnya bahwa: a. Karya skripsi yang saya tulis adalah asli b. Apabila sebagian atasu seluruhnya dari karya skripsi ini, terutama Bab Hasil dan Pembahasan, tidak asli atau plagiasi maka bersedia dibatalkan dan dikenakan sanksi akademik yang berlaku. 2. Demikian pernyataan keaslian ini dibuat untuk dapat digunakan seperlunya. Makassar, Maret 2016 Ttd Ayu Soraya i ii KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT., atas rahmat dan taufik-Nya sehingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul Kualitas Mikrobiologis Dangke dengan Berbagai Jenis Pelapis dan Lama Penyimpanan yang Berbeda pada Suhu Ruang dan Suhu Refrigerasi Penulis dengan rendah hati mengucapakan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dan membimbing dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini utamanya: 1. Ibu Prof. Dr. drh. Hj. Ratmawati Malaka, M.Sc. sebagai pembimbing utama dan Bapak Dr. Muhammad Irfan Said, S,Pt, MP. selaku pembimbing anggota yang telah banyak meluangkan waktunya untuk membimbing, mengarahkan dan memberikan nasihat serta motivasi sejak awal penelitian samapai selesainya penulisan skripsi ini.
    [Show full text]
  • Direktori Konstruksi
    http://www.bps.go.id http://www.bps.go.id http://www.bps.go.id DIREKTORI PERUSAHAAN KONSTRUKSI 2012 Directory of Construction Establishment 2012 Buku IV (Pulau Kalimantan) Book IV (Pulau Kalimantan) ISBN. 978-979-064-175-7 No. Publikasi / Publication Number : 05340.1005 Katalog BPS / BPS Catalogue : 1305055 Ukuran Buku / Book Size : 21 cm X 29 cm Jumlah Halaman / TotalPage : (xv + 366) halaman / pages Naskah / Manuscript : Subdirektorat Statistik Konstruksi Subdirectorate of Construction Statistics Gambar Kulit / Cover Design : Subdirektorat Statistik Konstruksi Subdirectorate of Construction Statistics Diterbitkan oleh / Published by : http://www.bps.go.id Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, Indonesia BPS-Statistics Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Boleh dikutip dengan menyebut sumbernya May be cited with reference to the sources KATA PENGANTAR Direktori Perusahaan Konstruksi 2012 ini merupakan perbaikan dari Direktori Perusahaan Konstruksi 2011 berdasarkan hasil Survei Updating Direktori Perusahaan Konstruksi Tahun 2012 dan Survei Perusahaan Konstruksi Tahun 2012. Direktori ini merupakan identifikasi perusahaan yang meliputi: KIP, Nama, Alamat, Nomor Telepon, Nomor Faximile, dan Alamat Email Perusahaan. Diharapkan Publikasi ini bermanfaat baik oleh perusahaan bersangkutan maupun konsumen data yang memerlukan untuk kegiatan sehari-harinya. Disamping itu direktori ini diharapkan dapat digunakan juga sebagai kerangka sampel bagi penelitian atau studi-studi khusus selanjutnya. Akhirnya pada kesempatan ini kami mengucapkan terima kasih dan penghargaan kepada semua pihak terutama kepada para Pengusaha dan Pimpinan Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi yang telah membantu kelancaran pelaksanaan survei tersebut, dan menghimbau di masa mendatang agar dapat memberikan data yang akurat, lengkap dan reliable serta dapat memberikan masukan untuk perbaikan publikasi ini. http://www.bps.go.id Jakarta, September 2012 Kepala Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia DR.
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of Flores
    Are the Central Flores languages really typologically unusual? Alexander Elias January 13, 2020 1 Abstract The isolating languages of Central Flores (Austronesian) are typologically distinct from their nearby relatives. They have no bound morphology, as well elaborate numeral clas- sifier systems, and quinary-decimal numeral system. McWhorter (2019) proposes that their isolating typology is due to imperfect adult language acquisition of a language of Sulawesi, brought to Flores by settlers from Sulawesi in the relatively recent past. I pro- pose an alternative interpretation, which better accounts for the other typological features found in Central Flores: the Central Flores languages are isolating because they have a strong substrate influence from a now-extinct isolating language belonging to the Mekong- Mamberamo linguistic area (Gil 2015). This explanation better accounts for the typological profile of Central Flores and is a more plausible contact scenario. Keywords: Central Flores languages, Eastern Indonesia, isolating languages, Mekong- Mamberamo linguistic area, substrate influence 2 Introduction The Central Flores languages (Austronesian; Central Malayo-Polynesian) are a group of serialising SVO languages with obligatory numeral classifier systems spoken on the island of Flores, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands in the east of Indonesia. These languages, which are almost completely lacking in bound morphology, include Lio, Ende, Nage, Keo, Ngadha and Rongga. Taken in their local context, this typological profile is unusual: other Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia generally have some bound morphology and non-obligatory numeral classifier systems. However, in a broader view, the Central Flores languages are typologically similar to many of the isolating languages of Mainland Southeast Asia and Western New Guinea, many of which are also isolating, serialising SVO languages with obligatory numeral classifier systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural and Spiritual Significance of Nature: Guidance for Protected and Conserved Area Governance and Management
    Cultural and spiritual significance of nature: Guidance for protected and conserved area governance and conserved area management Guidance for protected Cultural and spiritual significance of nature: Cultural and spiritual significance of nature Guidance for protected and conserved area governance and management Bas Verschuuren, Josep-Maria Mallarach, Edwin Bernbaum, Jeremy Spoon, Steve Brown, Radhika Borde, Jessica Brown, Mark Calamia, Nora Mitchell, Mark Infield, Emma Lee Craig Groves, Series Editor Developing capacity for a protected planet Best Practice Protected Areas Guidelines Series No. 32 international council on monuments and sites IUCN WCPA’s BEST PRACTICE PROTECTED AREA GUIDELINES SERIES IUCN-WCPA’s Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines are the world’s authoritative resource for protected area managers. Involving collaboration among specialist practitioners dedicated to supporting better implementation of ideas in the field, the Guidelines distil learning and advice drawn from across IUCN. Applied in the field, they build institutional and individual capacity to manage protected area systems effectively, equitably and sustainably, and to cope with the myriad of challenges faced in practice. The Guidelines also assist national governments, protected area agencies, non-governmental organisations, communities and private sector partners in meeting their commitments and goals, and especially the Convention on Biological Diversity’s Programme of Work on Protected Areas. A full set of guidelines is available at: www.iucn.org/pa_guidelines Complementary resources are available at: www.cbd.int/protected/tools/ Contribute to developing capacity for a Protected Planet at: www.protectedplanet.net/ IUCN PROTECTED AREA DEFINITION, MANAGEMENT CATEGORIES AND GOVERNANCE TYPES IUCN defines a protected area as: A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.
    [Show full text]
  • Carita Orang Basudara Kisah-Kisah Perdamaian Dari Maluku
    Carita Orang Basudara Kisah-kisah Perdamaian dari Maluku Editor: Jacky Manuputty • Zairin Salampessy Ihsan Ali-Fauzi • Irsyad Rafsadi CARITA ORANG BASUDARA CARITA ORANG BASUDARA Kisah-kisah Perdamaian dari Maluku Editor: Jacky Manuputty • Zairin Salampessy Ihsan Ali-Fauzi • Irsyad Rafsadi LEMBAGA ANTAR IMAN MALUKU (LAIM), AMBON PUSAT STUDI AGAMA DAN DEMOKRASI (PUSAD) YAYASAN PARAMADINA, JAKARTA 2014 Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT) Manuputty, Jacky et al. CARITA ORANG BASUDARA; Kisah-kisah Perdamaian dari Maluku/Jacky Manuputty et al. — Ambon: Lembaga Antar Iman Maluku & PUSAD Paramadina, 2014 xvi + 404 hlm, 14 cm x 21 cm Editor: Jacky Manuputty - Zairin Salampessy Ihsan Ali-Fauzi - Irsyad Rafsadi Penulis: Abidin Wakano - Aholiab Watloly - Almudatsir Sangadji Dian Pesiwarissa - Dino Umahuk - Elifas T. Maspaitella Gerry van Klinken - Hasbollah Toisuta - Helena M. Rijoly Hilary Syaranamual - Inggrid Silitonga - I.W.J. Hendriks Jacky Manuputty - M. Azis Tunny - M. Noor Tawainela M.J. Papilaja - Nancy Soisa - Novi Pinontoan - Rudi Fofid Rizal Panggabean - Sandra Lakembe - Steve Gaspersz Thamrin Ely - Theofransus Litaay - Tiara Melinda A.S Weslly Johanes - Zainal Arifin Sandia - Zairin Salampessy Penyelaras Naskah: Hanna M.W. Parera Husni Mubarok, Siswo Mulyartono Foto sampul: Agus Lopuhaa Desain sampul: Embong Salampessy Tata Letak: Ivon Silitonga Diterbitkan oleh: Lembaga Antar Iman Maluku Jl. Christina Martha Tiahahu No.17 RT. 003 RW. 01 Kelurahan Amantelu Kecamatan Sirimau - Ambon 97122 bekerjasama dengan Pusad Studi
    [Show full text]
  • Kode Dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
    KODE DAN DATA WILAYAH ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT JUMLAH N A M A / J U M L A H LUAS JUMLAH NAMA PROVINSI / K O D E WILAYAH PENDUDUK K E T E R A N G A N (Jiwa) *) KABUPATEN / KOTA KAB KOTA KECAMATAN KELURAHAN D E S A (Km2) 61 KALIMANTAN BARAT 61.01 1 KAB. SAMBAS 19 - 183 6.716,52 562.827 61.01.01 1 Sambas - 18 61.01.01.2001 1 Dalam Kaum 61.01.01.2002 2 Lubuk Dagang 61.01.01.2003 3 Tanjung Bugis 61.01.01.2004 4 Pendawan 61.01.01.2005 5 Pasar Melayu 61.01.01.2006 6 Durian 61.01.01.2007 7 Lorong 61.01.01.2008 8 Jagur 61.01.01.2009 9 Tumuk Manggis 61.01.01.2010 10 Tanjung Mekar 61.01.01.2011 11 Sebayan 61.01.01.2012 12 Kartiasa 61.01.01.2013 13 Saing Rambi 61.01.01.2014 14 Lumbang 61.01.01.2015 15 Sungai Rambah Semanjang Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Tebing Batu Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Sebawi Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Sepuk Tanjung Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Sebangun Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Sempalai Sebedang Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. Tempatan Menjadi wil. Kec. Sebawi, Perda No.5/2004. 61.01.01.2023 16 Gapura 61.01.01.2024 17 Sumber Harapan Jirak Menjadi wil. Kec. Sajad , Perda No.5/2004. Tengguli Menjadi wil.
    [Show full text]
  • NL-ARMS O;Cer Education
    NL-ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2003 O;cer Education The Road to Athens! Harry Kirkels Wim Klinkert René Moelker (eds.) The cover image of this edition of NL-ARMS is a photograph of a fragment of the uni- que ‘eye tiles’, discovered during a restoration of the Castle of Breda, the home of the RNLMA. They are thought to have constituted the entire floor space of the Grand North Gallery in the Palace of Henry III (1483-1538). They are attributed to the famous Antwerp artist Guido de Savino (?-1541). The eyes are believed to symbolize vigilance and just government. NL-Arms is published under the auspices of the Dean of the Royal Netherlands Military Academy (RNLMA (KMA)). For more information about NL-ARMS and/or additional copies contact the editors, or the Academy Research Centre of the RNLMA (KMA), at adress below: Royal Netherlands Military Academy (KMA) - Academy Research Centre P.O. Box 90.002 4800 PA Breda Phone: +31 76 527 3319 Fax: +31 76 527 3322 NL-ARMS 1997 The Bosnian Experience J.L.M. Soeters, J.H. Rovers [eds.] 1998 The Commander’s Responsibility in Difficult Circumstances A.L.W. Vogelaar, K.F. Muusse, J.H. Rovers [eds.] 1999 Information Operations J.M.J. Bosch, H.A.M. Luiijf, A.R. Mollema [eds.] 2000 Information in Context H.P.M. Jägers, H.F.M. Kirkels, M.V. Metselaar, G.C.A. Steenbakkers [eds.] 2001 Issued together with Volume 2000 2002 Civil-Military Cooperation: A Marriage of Reason M.T.I. Bollen, R.V.
    [Show full text]