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Needs of a Person Who Suffered from Autism As Portrayed in Winston Groom’S Forrest Gump

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Needs of a Person Who Suffered from Autism As Portrayed in Winston Groom’S Forrest Gump NEEDS OF A PERSON WHO SUFFERED FROM AUTISM AS PORTRAYED IN WINSTON GROOM’S FORREST GUMP A THESIS BY: TEGUH PERDANA DAMANIK REG.NO. 140705010 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA NEEDS OF A PERSON WHO SUFFERED FROM AUTISM AS PORTRAYED IN WINSTON GROOM’S FORREST GUMP A THESIS BY TEGUH PERDANA DAMANIK REG. NO. 140705010 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum. Riko Andika Rahmat Pohan, S.S., M.Hum. NIP. 19630216 198903 1 003 NIP. 19580517198503 1 003 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan i n partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English. DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head Secretary Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M. A., Ph. D Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph. D. NIP. 19540916 198003 2 003 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on 15th August 2018 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001 Board of Examiners Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D. Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum. Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum. UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, TEGUH PERDANA DAMANIK, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed: Date: August 15th, 2018 v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : TEGUH PERDANA DAMANIK TITLE OF THESIS : NEEDS OF A PERSON WHO SUFFERED FROM AUTISM AS PORTRAYED IN WINSTON GROOM’S FORREST GUMP QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : August 15th, 2018 vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Bismillahirrahmanirrahim, First of all, I would like to thank Allah SWT, for His compassion and blessing that given to me to finish this thesis. Shalawat and Salam to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, along with his family and his companions. My special gratitude for my parents, for everything you have done and sacrificed for me. You don‟t know how much I love you. I wish someday I will be able to make you prouder and prouder. I would like to express my biggest grattitude to my supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum and to my co-supervisor Riko Andika Rahmat Pohan, S.S., M.Hum. for their kindness, knowledge, patience, motivation and great advices for me to write and finish this thesis. Without them, I was nothing. They helped me a lot in every single steps I took in writing this thesis. They are great lecturers. My gratitude also goes to the Head and the Secretary of English Department, Prof. Dra. T. Silavana Sinar, Dipl. TEFL, MA., Ph.D. and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D. and all the lecturers and the staff of English Department for the facilities and opportunities given to me during my study in this faculty. I also want to thank to “Summer Fling”, IMSI, and all my friends in FIB. Last but not least is to Olivia Panggabean. I just want you guys to know that i love you all like a siblings. I know that we have been through and shares a lot of things together, I hope this friendships will last forever. See you on top,Jon. vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Finally, may this thesis gives benefits for the readers and future researcher, may the grace, the bless and the love of Allah SWT always be with us forever, and may we always be in the protection of Allah SWT. Aamiin. Medan, August 2018 Teguh Perdana Damanik Reg. No. 140705010 viii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This thesis entitled Needs of a Person Who Suffered From Autism as Portrayed in Winston Groom’s Forrest Gump. This thesis contains a study of psychology literature and Hierarchy of needs. This thesis will show how Forrest has fulfilled every level of the hierarchy of needs so that he can attain the highest level of self-actualization. The aims of this thesis are (I) to find out how a person who suffered from autism fulfills his needs, (II) to find out what are the characteristics of a person who suffered from autism that support the achievement of self actualization needs. The writer used psychology of literature as the concept of theory. The writer also used Abraham Maslow‟s Hierarchy of Needs theory to help the writer in analyzing the problems. In completing the analysis, the writer use qualitative descriptive method. The writer collects the data from some sources included Forrest Gump Novel, journals, articles, movie adaptation, and book which related Hierarchy of Needs. Keywords: Autistic, Self Actualization, Forrest Gump, Psychology of Literature ix UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul Kebutuhan kebutuhan dari seseorang yang menderita autis dalam novel Forrest Gump karya Winston Groom. Skripsi ini merupakan analisis psikologi sastra dan hierarki kebuthan. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui bagaimana seorang yang menderita autis memenuhi kebutuhan kebuthannya, (ii) untuk mengetahui apa karakter dari seseorang yang menderita autis yang mendukung pencapaian atas kebutuhan aktualisasi diri. Penulis menggunakan psikologi sastra sebagai konsep teori. Penulis juga menggunakan teori Hierarki Kebuthan Abraham Maslow untuk membantu penulis dalam menganalisis permasalahannya. Untuk melengkapi proses analisis, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penulis mengumpulkan data dari beberapa sumber seperti novel Forrest Gump, beberapa jurnal, artikel, adaptasi film, serta buku-buku yang berhubungan dengan Hirarki kebutuhan. Kata kunci: Autis, Aktualisasi diri, Forrest Gump, Psikologi Sastra x UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION…………………………………………………. v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION………………………………………………. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT………………………………………………………... vii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………... ix ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………………….. x TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………….. xi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES………………………………………… xiv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study ............................................... 1 1.2 Problem of the study ..................................................... 5 1.3 Objective of the study ................................................... 5 1.4 Scope of the study ......................................................... 5 1.5 Significance of the study ............................................... 6 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Psychology of Literature ................................................ 7 2.2 Humanistic Approach...................................................... 8 2.3 Hierarchy of Needs ........................................................ 9 2.4 Self Actualization ......................................................... 12 2.5 Pervasive Developmental Disorder .............................. 14 2.5.1 Autistic Disorder ....................................................... 14 2.5.2 Diagnostic Criteria for Autistic Disorder .................. 15 xi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.6 Previous Study……………………………………….17 CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH 3.1 Research design ............................................................... 19 3.2 Data & Data Source ....................................................... 19 3.3 Data collecting procedure .............................................. 20 3.4 Data analyzing procedure ............................................... 20 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1 Needs of Forrest Gump .................................................. 22 4.1.1 Forrest Gump Biological and Psychological Needs..... 22 4.1.2 Forrest Gump Safety Needs ........................................ 25 4.1.3 Forrest Gump Love and Belongingness Needs ............ 27 4.1.4 Forrest Gump Esteem Needs ........................................ 29 4.1.5 Forrest Gump Self Actualization Needs ...................... 30 4.2 The characteristics of Forrest Gump that support the The achievement of his self-actualization……………31 4.2.1 Forrest Gump Acceptance ............................................ 32 4.2.2 Forrest Gump Problem-centering ................................. 33 4.2.3 Forrest Gump Spontaneity ........................................... 34 4.2.4 Forrest Gump Continued Freshness of Appreciation........................................................... 35 4.2.5 Forrest Gump Peak Experiences ................................. 36 4.3 Findings ..........................................................................
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