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Celé Číslo V ARAGONIT vedecký a odborný časopis Správy slovenských jaskýň Časopis uverejňuje: • pôvodné vedecké príspevky z geologického, geomorfologického, klimatologického, hydrologického, biologického, archeologického a historického výskumu krasu a jaskýň, najmä z územia Slovenska • odborné príspevky zo speleologického prieskumu, dokumentácie a ochrany jaskýň • informatívne články zo speleologických podujatí • recenzie vybraných publikácií Vydavateľ: Štátna ochrana prírody SR, Tajovského ul. 28B, 974 01 Banská Bystrica IČO 17 058 520 Adresa redakcie: Správa slovenských jaskýň, Hodžova 11, 031 01 Liptovský Mikuláš; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Zodpovedný redaktor: RNDr. Ján Zuskin Hlavný editor: doc. RNDr. Pavel Bella, PhD. Výkonný redaktor: RNDr. Ján Zelinka Redakčná rada: prof. RNDr. Pavel Bosák, DrSc., RNDr. Ľudovít Gaál, PhD., Ing. Peter Gažík, Dr. hab. Michał Gradziński, Mgr. Dagmar Haviarová, PhD., doc. RNDr. Jozef Jakál, DrSc., doc. RNDr. Ľubomír Kováč, CSc., Ing. Ľubica Nudzíková, doc. Mgr. Martin Sabol, PhD. Časopis vychádza dvakrát ročne Evidenčné číslo: EV 3569/09 ISSN 1335-213X http://www.ssj.sk/edicna-cinnost/aragonit/ ARAGONIT ročník 20, číslo 2/ december 2015 Recenzenti vedeckých príspevkov z výskumu krasu a jaskýň: doc. RNDr. Pavel Bella, PhD., RNDr. Ľudovít Gaál, PhD., Mgr. Dagmar Haviarová, PhD., RNDr. Vladimír Košel, CSc., RNDr. Peter Malík, CSc., RNDr. Alena Nováková, CSc., RNDr. Dana Papajová, PhD. © Štátna ochrana prírody SR, Správa slovenských jaskýň, Liptovský Mikuláš Redaktor: Mgr. Bohuslav Kortman Grafická úprava a sadzba: Ing. Ján Kasák Tlač: Obrázky na obálke: (1) Klenotnica, Demänovská jaskyňa slobody. Foto: P. Staník (2) Krásnohorská jaskyňa. Foto: P. Staník (3) Mapa prehliadkového okruhu Demänovskej jaskyne mieru a nadväzujúcej časti Demänovskej jaskyne slobody. Spracoval: P. Herich (4) Priepasť v Pustej jaskyni, Demänovský jaskynný systém. Foto: P. Staník Aragonit 20/2 2015 OBSAH / CONTENTS VÝSKUM KRASU A JASkýŇ / RESEARCH OF KARST AND CAVES Ľ. Gaál: Jaskyne Divínskeho hradného vrchu / Caves of Divín Castle Hill, Tuhár Karst, Slovakia ............................................................................................................... 75 D. Haviarová – R. Fľaková – B. Gavuliaková – Z. Ženišová: Formovanie chemického zloženia krasových vôd v Krásnohorskej jaskyni (Silická planina, Slovenský kras) / Formation of chemical composition of karst water in the Krásnohorská Cave (Silická Plateau, Slovak Karst) ................... 79 P. Bella – M. Veselský: Jaskynné úrovne a ich morfogenetické varianty / Cave levels and their morphogenetic variants ................................................................... 90 M. Seman – A. Dršková: Mikrobiálne komunity jaskýň / Microbial communities of caves .......................................................................................................................... 97 V. Papáč – Z. Višňovská – A. Gresch: Poznatky o výskyte bezstavovcov a netopierov v Malužinskej jaskyni (Nízke Tatry) / Present knowledge on the occurrence of invertebrates and bats in the Malužinská Cave (Nízke Tatry Mts.) ..................................................................................................................... 107 DOKUMENTÁCIA, OCHRANA A VYuŽÍVANIE JASkýŇ / DOCUMENTATION, PROTECTION AND UTILIZATION OF CAVES P. Herich: Nové zameranie prehliadkového okruhu Demänovskej jaskyne mieru a nadväzujúcej časti Demänovskej jaskyne slobody / New survey of the visitors’ trail of the Demänovská Cave of Peace and the adjoining part of the Demänovská Cave of Liberty ............................................................... 113 I. Balciar – P. Staník: Praktická starostlivosť o jaskyne na Slovensku v rokoch 2014 a 2015 / Practical care of caves in Slovakia during 2014 and 2015 .......... 117 SPRÁVY A AKTUALITY / REPORTS AND NEWS Ľ. Gaál: Ako sme v Domici privítali prezidentov / How we welcomed presidents in the Domica Cave ................................................................................................ 119 P. Bella: 10. vedecká konferencia „Výskum, využívanie a ochrana jaskýň“ / 10th Scientific Conference „Research, Utilisation and Protection of Caves“....... 120 Ľ. Nudzíková – A. Laurincová: Návštevnosť sprístupnených jaskýň na Slovensku v roku 2014 / Slovak show caves attendance in 2014 ................................... 122 Ľ. Gaál – I. Balciar: Pseudokrasové sympózium v Kunčiciach / Pseudokarst symposium in Kunčice, Czech Republic ..................................................................... 123 M. Kudla: Výstava o Jánovi Majkovi, objaviteľovi jaskyne Domica / Exihibition on Ján Majko, discoverer of the Domica Cave ...................................................... 124 KARSOLOGICKÁ A SPELEOLOGICKÁ literatÚRA / KARSTOLOGICAL AND SPELEOLOGICAL LITERATURE J. Littva: S. Shanov – K. Kostov: Dynamic Tectonics and Karst .......................................................................................................................................................................... 125 P. Bella: D. W. Kirkland: Role of hydrogen sulfide in the formation of cave and karst phenomena in the Guadalupe Mountains and Western Delaware Basin, New Mexico and Texas ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 125 Aragonit 20/2 2015 75 Výskum krasu a jaskýň JASKYNE DIVÍNSKEHO HRADNÉHO VRCHU Ľudovít Gaál Štátna ochrana prírody SR, Správa slovenských jaskýň, Hodžova 11, 031 01 Liptovský Mikuláš; [email protected] Ľ. Gaál: Caves of Divín Castle Hill, Tuhár Karst, Slovakia Abstract: Two interesting caves of the Divín Castle Hill in the northern part of the Tuhár Karst in Revúcka vrchovina Mts. (southern Slovakia) was discovered by F. Radinger (2014a,b). Its geological and morphological characteristics are brought by this paper. The Castle Hill is formed in the Middle Triassic variegated crystalline limestone (Tuhár Marble). In the Divínska hradná Cave (Divín Cas- tle Cave) with a length of 105.7 m, a horizontal passage is created in 10 m depth which indicates a horizontal circulation of karst waters in the Middle Pleistocene. This horizont is possible to correlate with the Mindel proluvial fans conserved on the right side of Budinský Brook. The second (smaller) cave is created in dark grey bedded marly limestone with dark shales in the underbed of the Tuhár Marble. It behaved probably as estavela in the Late Pleistocene or Holocene. Key words: karst, solutional cave, crystalline limestone, marly limestone ÚVOD priepasti rozšíriť malú štrbinu a preniknúť do rozápadné rameno je silne redukované vý- Divínsky hradný vrch predstavuje osame- ďalších podzemných priestorov. Novoobja- razným divínsko-muránskym zlomom s veľmi lé vápencové bralo v severozápadnej časti vené priestory sme zamerali dňa 23. 8. 2013, strmo uloženými, miestami aj vztýčenými Tuhárskeho krasu, priamo v obci Divín (obr. čím celková dĺžka Divínskej hradnej jasky- vrstvami. Práve v tomto ramene sa nachádza 1). Územie Tuhárskeho krasu, ktoré sa na plo- ne vzrástla na 105,7 m s hĺbkou 13,4 m. Po- aj Divínsky hradný vrch. Z asymetrického che okolo 10 km2 rozprestiera medzi obcami stupnosť prieskumu a objavov oboch jaskýň charakteru synklinály vyplýva aj zachova- Tuhár, Ružiná a Mýtna v najzápadnejšej časti Divínskeho hradného vrchu podrobne opísal nosť vrstevného sledu. V juhovýchodnom Revúckej vrchoviny, nevyniká veľkou hustotou F. Radinger (2014a,b), ich odbornú geologic- ramene je vrstevný sled úplnejší. Začína sa jaskýň. Donedávna tu bola známa len 13 m kú a morfologickú charakteristiku predkladá- hrubými vrstvami metamorfovaných kremi- dlhá Mara medvedia jaskyňa a niekoľko výplní me v predmetnom príspevku. tých pieskovcov, kremencov a bridlíc spod- krasových dutín (Gaál a Že- ného triasu, nad ktorými sú niš, 1989), ku ktorým neskôr v užšom pásme zachované pribudli dve malé jaskyne, rauvaky a kavernózne dolo- Morháčova a Ružinská diera mity. Spodnotriasové členy s dĺžkami 14 m, resp. 10 m v severozápadnom ramene (Radinger a Nociar, 2004). chýbajú, sú tektonicky úplne Vďaka neúnavnej práci lu- vyredukované. Stredný trias čenských jaskyniarov, členov reprezentujú tmavosivé dos- Oblastnej speleologickej sku- kovité až bridličnaté vápen- piny Rimavská Sobota, sa po- ce s bridlicami (stratigrafický stupne stali známymi aj jas- horizont je korelovateľný kyne v Divínskom hradnom s gutensteinským súvrstvím), vrchu, kde by prítomnosť ktoré sa v útržkoch zacho- podzemných dutín málokto vali v oboch ramenách syn- očakával. F. Radinger na klinály. Nad nimi je vyvinutý základe informácií majiteľa hrubý súbor pestrých kryšta- vinárne pod Divínskym hra- lických vápencov, tzv. tuhár- dom v rokoch 2011 a 2012 skeho mramoru. Na tento vykopal a preskúmal malú mierne metamorfovaný sú- jaskyňu, ktorá dostala názov bor svetlosivých, fialových, Divínska vináreň. Zamerali Obr. 1. Situačná mapka okolia Divína. Na základe podkladov Vass et al. (1992) spraco- ružovkastých, žltohnedých sme ju 20. 6. 2012 v dĺžke 10 vali Ľ. Gaál a I. Balciar. Vysvetlivky: 1 – niva Budinského potoka, 2 – riské riečne terasy, a sivých doskovitých prúžko- 3 – mindelské náplavové kužele, 4 – miocénne vulkanoklastiká andezitov, 5 – triasové m. V novembri 2012 začal F. vápence a dolomity, 6 – karbónske bridlice s magnezitmi vaných vápencov je viazaná Radinger so spolupracovník- Fig. 1. Situation map of the vicinity of Divín Village. Compiled by Ľ. Gaál and I. Balciar,
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