European Heritage Days at the Senate
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MORE INFORMATION ON PALAIS DU LUXEMBOURG www.senat.fr/evenement/patrimoine/2019 Place Paul Claudel Contact: [email protected] Porte Odéon du Jardin du Luxembourg Phone: +33 (0)1 42 34 45 45 75006 PARIS 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 1 02/08/2019 16:35 02 I A WORD FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE The Senate is pleased to welcome you on these 36 th European Heritage Days, the success of which, this year again, goes to show our citizens’ continuing enthusiasm and interest for the heritage and its history. These Heritage Days are an opportunity for the parliamentary assembly I chair not only to tell Frenchmen and women more about the history of the Luxembourg Palace, but also to make them familiar with the workings of a modern Parliament that is open to society and turned to the future. On September 21 st and 22 nd 2019, citizens will be able to discover and share these places of history and democratic expression GÉRARD LARCHER, that are the Luxembourg Palace, the Petit Luxembourg (the PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE residence of the President of the Senate) and the Luxembourg Garden’s greenhouses. Visitors are also in for digital innovations and displays. On behalf of all my colleagues of the Senate, I invite you to step in and discover this estate chosen by Marie de Medicis for her royal palace. Now home of the Senate, the Luxembourg Palace was remodelled several times to adapt to the evolution of French institutions and suit the needs of a modern parliamentary assembly, all the while respecting the exceptional architectural details. Don’t miss the beautiful exhibition presented to you in the René Coty room by the Senate Library and Archives, where you will be able to admire the transcribed records of the “Letters patent creating peerages”. Do take this chance to end your tour at the Salons de Boffrand and catch the exhibition dedicated to the various representations of “Marianne”, a symbol of the French Republic. In the hemicycle of the Senate, 348 senators, men and women, represent every territory of the French Republic. Elected for a period of six years, they are responsible for designing and voting the laws of the Republic, controlling the government’s actions and assessing public policies. The Senate ensures the stability of French institutions while monitoring and reflecting on important issues and topics at stake in society. Its latest news and activities can be followed on its website and on social media. Please also take this opportunity to visit the Luxembourg Garden, managed by the Senate and make sure you visit the greenhouses, which will exceptionally be open to the public on that occasion. From September 21 st 2019 to January 19 th 2020, the railings of the Luxembourg Garden will showcase a photographic exhibition on the theme of space exploration. Do not hesitate to ask as many questions as you wish to the men and women who will welcome you on these European Heritage Days. They will satisfy your curiosity about the Palace’s history and the inner workings of this parliamentary assembly. I wish you an excellent tour of the Senate and rewarding Heritage Days. 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 2 02/08/2019 16:35 EUROPEAN HERITAGE DAYS 21ST-22ND SEPTEMBER 2019 I 03 THE LUXEMBOURG PALACE THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE LUXEMBOURG PALACE BEGAN IN 1615 AT THE BEHEST OF MARIE DE MEDICIS AND WAS COMPLETED AROUND 1630. MARIE DE MEDICIS TOOK UP RESIDENCE IN THE WEST WING OF THE PALACE AS OF 1625. SHE STAYED THERE UNTIL SHE HAD TO LEAVE FRANCE IN 1631, FORCED TO EXILE BY HER SON LOUIS XIII AFTER THE EVENTS KNOWN AS THE “DAY OF THE DUPES”. The Palace remained a princely estate lived and Library. In 1852, he made the most of this in successively by Louis XIII’s brother, Gaston enlargement by building the main gallery, of Orleans (1642), then by his widow and his then known as the Salle du Trône (Room of daughters among whom the Duchess of Mont- the Throne) and currently referred to as the pensier known as the Grande Mademoiselle and Salle des Conférences (Conference Hall). The the Duchess of Guise (1660), who offered it to Palace was then allocated to the Senate of Louis XIV in 1694. the Second Empire, after hosting the short- In 1715, the Regent Philippe of Orleans inherited lived Commission du gouvernement pour les it before giving it up to his daughters, the Duchess travailleurs (Workers governmental committee) of Berry and Louise Elisabeth of Orleans, former of the Second Republic, in 1848. Queen of Spain. In 1778, Louis XVI gave the Palace to his brother the Count of Provence, who Following the demise of the Second Empire, would later become King Louis XVIII. He fled the the Palace housed the Seine Préfecture and Revolution. The Luxembourg Palace became a the meetings of the town council, after the prison before being assigned to the Directoire in Paris town hall had been set on fire during the 1795 and to the Sénat Conservateur (Conservative Commune. In 1879, all seats of public offices Senate) at the end of 1799. It then underwent were transferred from Versailles to Paris and profound architectural changes under the direction the Luxembourg Palace was allocated to the of Jean-François-Thérèse Chalgrin (1739-1811) to Senate of the Third Republic until 1940, when better suit its new parliamentary function. it was then occupied by the Luftwaffe command staff for Western Europe. In 1814, under the Restauration, the Luxembourg Palace was allocated to the In 1944, it became the seat of the provisional Chambre des Pairs (Chamber of Peers). During Consultative Assembly. The Higher Court of the July Monarchy, the increasing number Justice held its meetings there in 1945 as well of Peers of France led architect Alphonse as the 1946 Peace Conference. de Gisors (1796-1866) to push the Palace’s South-facing wall 30 meters forward into the The Palace was allocated to the Council of the Garden to allow for the construction of the Republic at the end of 1946 before becoming current Salle des Séances (Senate Chamber) home to the Senate of the Fifth Republic in 1958. 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 3 02/08/2019 16:35 04 I WELCOME TO THE SENATE FLOOR ST PLAN OF THE 1 LUXEMBOURG PALACE LUXEMBOURG EUROPEAN HERITAGE DAYS 2019 DAYS EUROPEAN HERITAGE PLAN OF THE GROUND FLOOR 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 4 02/08/2019 16:35 EUROPEAN HERITAGE DAYS 21ST-22ND SEPTEMBER 2019 I 05 FLOOR ST PLAN OF THE 1 LUXEMBOURG PALACE LUXEMBOURG EUROPEAN HERITAGE DAYS 2019 DAYS EUROPEAN HERITAGE ROUTE FOR PEOPLE WITH REDUCED MOBILIY ROUTE FOR PLAN OF THE GROUND FLOOR 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 5 02/08/2019 16:35 06 I WELCOME TO THE SENATE ROOM 1 GALLERY OF QUESTEURS Designed by Alphonse de Gisors, it opens onto the garden, on the south side of the building. ROOM 2 SALLE RENÉ COTY This room, where formal receptions are occasionally held, was named “Salle René Coty” in 1965 as a tribute to René Coty, Senator from 1936 to 1944, then from 1948 to 1953, and President of the Republic of France from 1954 to 1959. Elements of its interior decoration include a Beauvais tapestry inspired by Hans Hartung, and woven between 1975 and 1977, as well as an 18th century statue and 4 white marble busts of male figures from ancient history. During the 2019 European Heritage Days, this room will host an exceptional exhibition of two volumes of “Letters patent creating peerages” (Peers of France), displayed at the Luxembourg Palace for the First time since they were included in the French National Archives in 1848. ROOM 3 ROOM OF THE GOLDEN BOOK Decorated in 1817 by architect Baraguey with painted wooden panels taken from the apartments of Queen Marie de Medicis at the Luxembourg Palace and wood panelling taken from the royal < apartments of Queen Anne of Austria, at the Louvre. ROOM 4 OFFICES OF A VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE Former reading room of the Peers of France. These offices are shown to the public for their patrimonial relevance. They are not, however, the current senators’ offices, which are for the most part located on 26 and 36 rue de Vaugirard and are much more functional and smaller in size. ROOM 5 MODULAR CONSTRUCTION AND THE COURT OF HONOUR Before reaching the stairs, you will see a modular construction in the Court of Honour of the Luxembourg Palace. This building, set up in the spring of 2017, will be operational as of October 2017 for an estimated four-year period. Its 134 temporary offices spread on four floors will house some Senators and their assistants during the renovation works of the buildings located between 26 and 36 rue de Vaugirard. 19-11628_SENAT_Brochure_adulte_EN.indd 6 02/08/2019 16:35 EUROPEAN HERITAGE DAYS 21ST-22ND SEPTEMBER 2019 I 07 ROOM 6 SALLE RENÉ MONORY A former chapel (1843-1870), this room still boasts several religious paintings made between 1844 and 1845 to adorn the Chapel of the French House of Peers. During the Third Republic, this chapel was used as a meeting room. The Senate has recently completed work to turn it into a modern multimedia suite equipped with an audiovisual recording system to broadcast work taking place here. The Bureau of the Senate has named this room after René Monory, as a tribute to the Vienne Senator and former President of the Senate (1992-1998). It was inaugurated by the current President of the Senate, Mr Gérard Larcher, on 17th January 2018. ROOM 7 LIBRARY ANNEX The Great Gallery, now referred to as theAnnexe de la Bibliothèque (Library Annex), was completed in 1630.