14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 429

Index

Abacus, 12, 29 Architectura, 130 Balustrades, 141 Sheraton, 331–332 Abbots Palace, 336 Architectural standards, 334 , 164 Victorian, 407–408 Académie de , 284 Architectural style, 58 iron, 208 William and Mary, 220–221 Académie des Beaux-Arts, 334 Architectural treatises, Banquet, 132 Beeswax, use of, 8 Academy of Architecture Renaissance, 91–92 Banqueting House, 130 Bélanger, François-Joseph, 335, (France), 172, 283, 305, Architecture. See also Interior Barbet, Jean, 180, 205 337, 339, 343 384 architecture Baroque style, 152–153 Belton, 206 Academy of Fine Arts, 334 Egyptian, 3–8 characteristics of, 253 Belvoir Castle, 398 Act of Settlement, 247 Greek, 28–32 Barrel vault ceilings, 104, 176 Benches, Medieval, 85, 87 Adam, James, 305 interior, viii Bar tracery, 78 Beningbrough Hall, 196–198, Adam, John, 318 Neoclassic, 285 Bauhaus, 393 202, 205–206 Adam, Robert, viii, 196, 278, relationship to Beam ceilings Bérain, Jean, 205, 226–227, 285, 304–305, 307, design, 83 Egyptian, 12–13 246 315–316, 321, 332 Renaissance, 91–92 Beamed ceilings Bergère, 240, 298 Adam furniture, 322–324 Architecture (de Vriese), 133 Baroque, 182 Bernini, Gianlorenzo, 155 Aedicular arrangements, 58 Architecture françoise (Blondel), Egyptian, 12-13 Bienséance, 244 Aeolians, 26–27 284 Renaissance, 104, 121, 133 Bishop’s Palace, 71 Age of Enlightenment, 283 Architrave-cornice, 260 Beams Black, Adam, 329 Age of Walnut, 210 Architrave moldings, 260 exposed, 81 Blenheim Palace, 197, 206 Aisle construction, Medieval, 73 Architraves, 29, 205 Medieval, 73, 75 Blicking Hall, 138–139 Akroter, 357 Arcuated construction, 46 Beard, Geoffrey, 206 Blind tracery, 84 Alae, 48 Armchairs. See also Seat Beauharnais, Eugène de, 339 Blondel, Jacques François, Alberti, Leon Battista, 91, 131 furniture Beaumont, Claude Etienne, 224–225, 283 Alexander the Great, 27 Baroque, 165 335 Boffrand, Gabriel-Germain, Alexander Visiting Roxana Renaissance, 122 Beauty, Renaissance theory of, 2228, 230 (Sodoma), 112 Armoire à deux corps, 188 93 Boiserie, 177, 230, 231 Allegory of Divine Providence Armoires, 88 Beauvais tapestry works, 257 Louis XV, 232 and Barberini Power (da Baroque, 168 Bedchambers, Renaissance, 95 Bolection moldings, 205, 235 Cortona), 154 Louis XIII, 188 Bed frame, Renaissance, 151 Bombé shaping, 243 Alnwick Castle, 322 Arrises, 29 Beds Bonaparte, , 333, Altars, Greek, 32 Artari, Giovanni, 253, 254 Chippendale, 281 335, 376 American Revolution, 333 Artari, Giuseppe, 253, 254 Directoire, 345, 346 Bonheur du jour, 299, 350 Anaglypta, 397 Artisans, patronage for, 171, Early French Neoclassic, 302 Bookcases Anne of Austria, 172 172 Early Georgian English, 273, Regency, 373 Annulets, 29 Arts 276 Sheraton, 331 Antechamber, 95 Baroque manifestations in, Egyptian, 24–25 Book of Architecture (Gibbs), Antechambre de l’Oeil de 193 Empire, 352–353 249, 264 Boeuf (Versailles), 227, centralization of, 171–172 English Renaissance, Border design, Roman, 55 228, 233, 235 moral evaluation of, 247 149–151 Borromini, Francesco, 155, Apartment buildings Assemblies, 250, 251, 254 English Revival, 407–408 228 Louis Philippe, 378 AthéniennesCOPYRIGHTED, 298, 350 French MATERIAL Baroque, 190 Boucher, François, 233 Restoration, 377 Atrium, Roman, 48, 49 , 127 Boufflers, Marquis de, 240 Apartment concept, Attics, 36 French , 245 Boulle, André Charles, 184, introduction of, 94–95 Aubert, Jean, 228 Georgian, 276 188 Apollo Drawing Room Audran, Claude, 227, 246 Greek, 43 Boullée, Etienne-Louis, 293, (Versailles), 182 Aumbry, 88 Hepplewhite, 328 335 Appartement de commodité, 225 Axial planning, 47–48, 156–157 Italian Baroque, 169–170 Boulle , 391 Appartement de parade, 225 Italian Renaissance, 111–112 Boulle-work, 184, 187 , 102, 122 Back , 197 Late English Neoclassic, 374 Bourbon Restoration, 376 Arcaded cortile, 96 Bagutti, Giovanni, 253, 254 Louis XVI, 302 Boyle, Richard, 248 Arcade posts, 73 Baldachin bed, 407–408 Medieval, 89–90 Bradbury, Robert, 199, 206 Arcading, 137 Balloon-back chairs, 404 Queen Anne, 273 Brass beds, 407 Arched doors, 78–79 , 187, 295 Restoration, 387 Breakfront bookcase, Georgian, Arched-frame windows, 77–78 early Georgian, 265–266 Roman, 67 276 Archer, Thomas, 199 turned, 401 Second Empire, 389 Brettingham, Matthew, 307

Selected Bibliography 429 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 430

Brick Candelabra, 101–102 Early French Neoclassic, 295 Cheminées à la royalle (Le sun-dried mud, 34 Cane chairs, 215, 368 Early Georgian English, Pautre), 227 terra-cotta, 46 Baroque, 210, 213 263–265 Cheminées et Lambris à la mode Bridgens, Robert, 403 Canopy beds Egyptian, 12–13 (Le Pautre), 206 Bronze Medieval, 89 English Baroque, 206–208 Chest-on-chest, 272 as a furniture material, 39 Renaissance, 149, 151 English Renaissance, Chest on stand, 217 for stools, 62 Cantilevered stairs, 266 138–139 Chests. See also Storage pieces studding of, 38 Caquetoire, 123 English Revival, 400–401 Baroque, 215 Bronze Age, 26, 30 Carceri (Piranesi), 284–285 French Baroque, 182–183 Medieval, 83–84, 88 Bronze furniture, Roman, 61 Cardiff Castle, 401 French Renaissance, 121 Renaissance, 148–49 Bronze tables, 64 Card tables, 271 French Rococo, 235–236 tall-leg, 22 Brosse, Salomon de, 173 Georgian, 275 Greek, 38–39 Chiaroscuro, 257 Broughton Hall, 365, 366 Carlton Towers, 398 Italian Baroque, 163 Chief Groundes of Architecture Brown, Lancelot (Capability), Carolean furniture, 209–215 Italian Renaissance, 104–106 (Shute), 133 250 Carpaccio, Vittore, 102, Late English Neoclassic, 366 Chimney ornaments, 226–227 Buffet, Medieval, 88 111–112 Late French Neoclassic, Chimneypieces Builder’s and Workman’s Carpet factories, Neoclassic, 342–343 Early English Neoclassic, Treasury of Designs 311 Medieval, 81–82 317–318 (Langley), 255 Carpets, Rococo, 230 Roman, 60 Early French Neoclassic, 295 Building Carracci, Annibale, 158 Cellini, Benvenuto, 113 Early Georgian English, during the Baroque period, Carracci family, 264 Central hall, Egyptian, 7 260–261, 263 153, 192–193 Carreaux d’octagones, 312 Certosina, 107 English Baroque, 205–206 early Georgian, 249 Cartouche, 117, 181 Chair finials, 213 English Renaissance, 138 Building guides, 130–131 Carved furniture. See also Chair of Hatnofer, 17 English Revival, 400 Building materials, Egyptian, Carving Chair jointing, Egyptian, 14, French Baroque, 180–181 1–2. See also Materials Baroque, 164 15. See also Joints French Renaissance, 119 Bulbous legs, 146 Medieval, 84 Chairs. See Seat furniture French Rococo, 234–235 Bureau plat, 187, 241, 299 Carved paneling, 79, 177 Chair-tables, 142 Greek, 38 Burghley, 198, 207 Carving Chaise, 186 Italian Baroque, 160, 163 Burlington, Lord, 248–249, Baroque, 221 Chambers, Sir William, 285, Italian Renaissance, 104 304 on beds, 127 305–306 Late English Neoclassic, Buttery, Medieval, 73 Elizabethan, 142 Chambre de parade, 225 364–365 French, 87 Chapels Late French Neoclassic, 342 Cabinet aux Miroirs, 178–179 Medieval, 75 Medieval, 72 Medieval, 80–81 Cabinet des Médailles, 237 mirror, 232 Renaissance, 95, 132 Chinese lacquer, 374, 375 Cabinet Dictionary (Sheraton), Neoclassic, 317, 344, 368 Charles II, King, 192–193 Chinoiserie, 223, 246, 368 356 on panels, 76 Charles II furniture, 209 Chip carving, 107 Cabinet Doré (Versailles), 177 Renaissance, 107, 151 Charles VIII, King, 113–114 Chippendale, Thomas, 257, Cabinet Encyclopedia Rococo, 228, 230 Château Chambord, 115 268, 278 (Sheraton), 357, 373 Carwitham, John, 255 Château de Maisons, 173, Chippendale furniture, 267, Cabinet-Maker, Upholsterer and , 127 178–179 278–281 General Artists’ Encyclopedia Casa del Tramezzo di Legno, 60 Château de Malmaison, 337, Cinquefoil lights, 77 (Sheraton), 356 Cassapanca, 110 340 Circular stairways, 82 Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Cassone, 110–111, 168 Château of Ancy-le-Franc, 115 Ciseleur-doreur, 223 Drawing Book (Sheraton), Cast iron, 400, 404 Château of Bagatelle, 337 City and Country Builder’s 329, 330–331, 367 Castle plan, 70 Château of Bénouville, 289 Treasury, The (Langley), 264 Cabinet-Maker’s Dictionary Castles Château of Blois, 119, 173, Civic architecture, Greek, 33 (Sheraton), 329 French, 115 176, 183 Civic ritual, Greek, 27 Cabinet-Maker’s & Upholsterer’s Medieval, 68–69 Château of Louveciennes, Clandon Park, 248, 264 Guide, The (Hepplewhite), Cathedra, 53 288–289 Clapboard wall construction, 325 Cathedrals, Medieval, 69 Château Vaux le Vicomte, 173, 76 Cabinets, Victorian, 406–407 Catholic Church, reforms in, 174 Classical motifs, 354, 375 Cabriole leg, 239 152 Châteaux, 70, 114–115 Classical orders, 28–30 Cabriolet, 240 Cavetto molding, 11 floor plans of, 174–176 Classical styles, interest in, Caffiéri, J., 2223–224 Caylus, Comte de, 224, 305 Chatsworth, 203, 205, 207, 208 92–93, 234, 283–284 Camera, 95 Ceiling painting, 81–82, Cheere, Sir Henry, 261 Clay models, Egyptian, 3 Campbell, Colen, 198–199, 319–321 Cheminées à l’Italienne (Le Clay plaster, in mural painting, 8 248 Ceilings Pautre), 180 Clerestory windows, 6 Canapé, 240 Early English Neoclassic, Cheminées à la moderne (Le Clérisseau, Charles Louis, 305, Canapés de l’amitié, 387 318–321 Pautre), 180 310

430 Index 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 431

Closet, 196 Egyptian, 13–14 Cromwell, Oliver, 128 Italian Baroque, 158–164 Medieval, 72 English Baroque, 210–212 Cromwellian chair, 144 Italian Renaissance, 97–107 Renaissance, 132 English Renaissance, Cromwellian period, 141 Late English Neoclassic, Cochin, Nicholas, 224 141–142 Cromwellian style, 151 360–367 Coffered ceilings, 60, English Revival, 404 Crossbanding, 210, 217, 269 Late French Neoclassic, 105–106, 321, 366 French Baroque, 184–185 Crossette, 160 337–343 Coffered false domes, 197 French Renaissance, 121 Crossette architrave, 260 Medieval, 75–82 Coffering, 38, 121 French Revival, 382–383 Cross-hatching, 236 Roman, 52–60 Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, 172, French Rococo, 237–238 Crown plate, 75 Decorative materials. See 334 Greek, 39–40 Crown-post construction, 75 Materials Collar beams, 73 Italian Baroque, 164–165 Cruck construction, 75 Decorative painting Collection of Designs for Italian Renaissance, 107–108 Crucy, Mathurin, 335 Baroque, 200–201 Household Furniture and Late English Neoclassic, Crusades, artistic ideas from, early Georgian, 254 Interior Decoration, A 367–368 69–70 Egyptian, 14 (Smith), 358, 367, 369, 372 Late French Neoclassic, 344 Crystal Palace Exhibition, 393 Dei Grande, Antonio, 157 Collonnade, 28 Medieval, 83–84 C-scrolls, 41, 43, 210, 233 Deir el Medina, Craftsman’s Columns Roman, 61 Cubiculum, 48 Residence at, 4, 5 in antis, 31 Continental chairs, 213 Cuisine, 225 Delafosse, Charles, 303 Egyptian, 2, 10, 11, 12, Corbel, 80 Cup and cover legs, 146, 149 Delftware, 205 Greek, 28–30 Corinthian columns, 29–30 Cupboards della Robbia, Luca, 92 marble, 34 Cornice, 29 Louis XIII, 188 del Nunziata, Toto, 129 Roman, 46, 51 Cornice molding, stucco, 60 Medieval, 88 Demilune , 300 Commode Corn Laws, 392 Renaissance, 111, 148–149 Denon, Dominique Vivant, Chippendale, 280, 281 Coromandel lacquer, 238, 296 Roman, 67 356–357 Directoire, 346 Corridors, Baroque, 197 Cupid’s bow, 279 Design, continuum of, viii Empire, 350, 352 Cortile, 93 Curule chairs, 85, 108 Designs of Inigo Jones (Kent and Georgian, 276, 277 Cortona, Pietro da, 153–154, Curule-form stool, 62, 64 Flitcroft), 253 Louis XIV, 188 157, 158, 163, 257 Cycladic cultures, 26 Desks, Louis XVI, 299–301 Louis XV, 243 Cotant d’Ivry, Pierre, 288–289, Desserte, 346, 385 Louis XVI, 300 290 Dado, 11, 36 de Vriese, Vredeman, 133 Osterly, 324 Cotelle, Jean, 182 bands of, 59 Diamond-shaped glass panes, Restoration, 385 Cotte, Robert de, 181, 227, Dado molding, 231 137 Rococo, 243–244 230 Dais, Medieval, 72 Diaperwork, 227, 236 Transitional Louis XV–XVI, Couches. See also Beds da Maiano, Giovanni, 128 di Giorgio, Francesco, 92, 94 245 Greek, 43 Dante chairs, 107, 108 Dining room furniture, Commode dressing table, Roman, 67 Dark Ages, 26 Hepplewhite, 327. See also Hepplewhite, 327 Couchette, 352 David, Jacques Louis, 337, 345 Dining tables Commode table, 243 Council of Trent, 152 da Vinci, Leonardo, 92, 113 Dining tables Commodité, 224 Country residences da Vries, Johannes, 130 Chippendale, 280 Commonwealth period, 142, alteration of, 306 Daybeds, 214 Medieval, 87 143 British, 195–198 De architectura (Vitruvius), 28 Neoclassic, 330 Communal living decoration of, 254 Death of Henri II woodcut, Renaissance, 111, 146 Medieval, 69–71 Egyptian, 6 126–127 Diocletian palace, 310 Renaissance, 131 Georgian, 249 Decoration Diphros seat form, 41–42 Complete Body of Architecture, Court, peristyle, 31–32 Early English Neoclassic, Directoire furniture, 343–346 A (Ware), 254, 261 Court cupboard, 141, 148–149 310–321 , 333–337 Compluvium, 32, 48 Courtonne, Jean, 224–225 Early French Neoclassic, ornamental detail in, 354 Composite order, 52 Coved ceilings, 104–105 290–295 Directoire walls, 337–339 Concrete Covenance, 224 Egyptian, 7–13 Doddington, 307, 309, 358 discovery of, 46 Crafts. See also Guilds English Baroque, 198–208 Dodington Park, 361 Roman use of, 52–53 Medieval, 83 English Early Georgian, Dogleg stairways, 139–141 Consoles, 178 specialization of, 223–224 253–266 Dome ceilings, 176 Empire, 349 Craftsmanship English Renaissance, Domestic architecture, Console tables, 349 decline of, 129 132–141 Egyptian, 2–3 Construction techniques perfection in, 223 English Revival, 397–402 Domus, 47 Early English Neoclassic, Craftsmen, migration of, French Baroque, 177–183 orientation of, 49 321–322 129–130 French Renaissance, 116–121 Door leaves, Medieval, 79 Early French Neoclassic, 296 Crédence, Medieval, 87–88 French Revival, 378–380 Doors Early Georgian English, Credenza, 111 French Rococo, 226–237 Early English Neoclassic, 268–270 Cressent, Charles, 243 Greek, 33–39 316–317

Index 431 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 432

Doors (continued) interior architecture and interior architecture and Figures Early French Neoclassic, decoration in, 7–13 decoration in, 360–367 Egyptian, 11 293–294 ornamental detail in, 25 ornamental design in, 375 Roman, 57 Early Georgian English, spatial relationships in, 3–7 spatial relationships in, Filarete, 92 258–260 Egyptian influence, 357, 367, 358–360 Fillet, 257 Egyptian, 11 369 English Renaissance design, Finials English Baroque, 204–205 Egyptian motifs, 375 128–151 Greek, 41 English Renaissance, Egyptian society, 3 in furniture, 141–151 Renaissance, 108 137–138 Electrum, 9 historical setting of, 128–130 stairway, 141 English Revival, 399–400 Elements of Architecture interior architecture and Fireplaces, corner, 205. See French Baroque, 179–180 (Wotton), 130 decoration in, 132–141 Chimneypieces; Hearth French Renaissance, 117, 119 Elizabeth I, Queen, 129 ornamental detail in, 151 First Book of Architecture made by French Rococo, 233–234 Elizabethan period, 129 spatial relationships in, Sebastian Serly, translated out Greek, 37–38 Elizabethan revival, 402 130–132 of Italian into Dutch and out Italian Baroque, 160 Elizabethan style, 393 English Revival design, of Dutch into English, 130 Italian Renaissance, 102 El-Luhan Urban Mansion, 5, 8 392–408 Flemish art, 172 Late English Neoclassic, Emblema, 57 in furniture, 402–407 Flemish ornamentation, 151 363–364 Empire furniture, 346–353 historical setting of, 392–393 Flemish pattern books, 141 Late French Neoclassic, 340, , 333, 337 interior architecture and Flemish tapestries, 134 342 ornamental detail in, 354 decoration in, 397–402 Flitcroft, Henry, 253 Medieval, 76–77 Empire walls, 339 ornamental design in, 408 Floorcloths, 397–398 Roman, 60 Enclosure system, 192 spatial relationships in, 393 Floor matting, 133 simulated, 204–205 Encoignures, 300 Engraved chimneypieces, Floor plans Dorians, 26 Enfilade, 195 180–181 Early English Neoclassic, Doric columns, 28–29 Enfilade arrangement, 94, 175, Engraved designs, publication 307–309 Dossier, 87, 89, 346 176, 195, 198 of, 224 Early French Neoclassic, Double-hung windows, 204, English architecture, influences Engravings 286–289 258, 316 on, 69–70 French, 194 Early Georgian English, Dovetail joints, 107 English Baroque design, Régence, 227 250–253 Dowel joints, 15, 39 192–221 En grisaille execution, 321–322 Egyptian, 3–7 Draped beds, 89, 170, 190, in furniture, 209–221 Entablature, 122, 125, 138, English Baroque, 194–198 220 historical setting of, 192–194 151, 261 English Renaissance, Drapery, trompe l’oeil, 317 interior architecture and concave curve, 160 131–132 Drawer pulls, 219 decoration in, 198–208 Entasis, 28–29 English Revival, 393–397 Draw tables, 124, 146 ornamental detail in, 221 E-shaped plan, 130 French Baroque, 174–176 Dream of Saint Ursula, The spatial relationships in, Espagnolettes, 241 French Renaissance, 114–115 (Carpaccio), 102, 111–112 194–198 Essai sur l’Architecture French Rococo, 224–226 Dressing tables, 217, 218, 372 English Civil War, 128 (Laugier), 305 Greek, 30–32 Dressoir, 87, 125 English Early Georgian design, Etruscan civilization, 45 Italian Baroque, 155–157 Dripstone, 77–78 247–282 Etruscan dressing room, 316 Italian Renaissance, 93–96 du Barry, Madame, 224, 289 in furniture, 267–281 Eugénie, Empress, 377 Late English Neoclassic, Ducal Palace, Mantua, 101 historical setting of, 247–250 Evelyn, John, 169, 205, 209 358–360 Duchesse-brisée, 240 interior architecture and Exedra, 48 Late French Neoclassic, Durand, Jean-Nicolas-Louis, decoration in, 253–266 Exemplars of Tudor Architecture 335–336 377 ornamental design in, 282 and Furniture (Hunt), 403 Medieval, 70–75 Dutch influence, 193 spatial relationships in, Exeter, 136 Roman, 47–52 Dyrham Park, 202, 204 250–253 Exhibitions, role of, 381, 393 Floors English Neoclassic design, Early English Neoclassic, Earpiece, 160 early, 304–332 Faience, 11 311–312 East India Company, 212, 253 in furniture, 321–332 Faience tile, 9 Early French Neoclassic, 290 Ébéniste, 184, 223 historical setting of, 304–306 Farthingale chair, 144 Early Georgian English, 255 Ecclesiastical architecture, 82 interior architecture and Fauces, 47–48 Egyptian, 9 Echinus, 29 decoration in, 310–321 Fauteuil, 185–186, 240, 297, English Baroque, 201–202 Edict of Nantes, 114, 171, ornamental design in, 332 345, 347 English Renaissance, 133 173, 193 spatial relationships in, Fenestration. See Windows English Revival, 397–398 Education, classical, 248 306–309 Feudal system, 68 French Baroque, 177 Églomisé, 368, 388 English Neoclassic design, late, Figural painting French Renaissance, 116 Egyptian design, 1–25 355–375 Renaissance, 98 French Rococo, 230 in furniture, 13–25 in furniture, 367–374 Roman, 59 Greek, 35–36 historical setting of, 2–3 historical setting of, 355–358 Figurative tapestries, 76 Italian Baroque, 160

432 Index 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 433

Italian Renaissance, 97 decoration in, 337–343 English Baroque, 209–221 230 Late English Neoclassic, 361 ornamental design in, 354 English Early Georgian, Galerie Dorée (Hôtel de Late French Neoclassic, 337 spatial relationships in, 267–281 Toulouse), 230 Medieval, 75 335–336 English Renaissance, Galleria, 95 Roman, 55–57 French Renaissance design, 141–151 Gamier, Charles, 379 Floral marquetry, 211–212, 215 113–127 English Revival, 402–408 Gaming tables, 271 Florence, mosaics from, 164 in furniture, 121–127 French Baroque, 183–190 Georgian, 275 Fondeur-ciseleur, 223 historical setting of, 113–114 French Renaissance, 121–127 Garderobes, 73, 196 Fontaine, Pierre François interior architecture and French Revival, 381–389 Garniture de cheminée, Léonard, 335, 337, 343, 357 decoration in, 116–121 French Rococo, 237–245 226–227 Fontainebleau, 116, 182 ornamental detail in, 127 Georgian, 267, 274–276 Gateleg tables, 146, 214 Formal house, 194 spatial relationships in, Greek, 39–43 Gaudreau, A. R., 223 Fouquet, Nicolas, 174 114–115 Hepplewhite, 325–328 Genius, 49 Four Books of Architecture French Renaissance style, 399 industrial production of, 367 Genre pittoresque, 228, 232 (Palladio), 248 French Revival design, Italian Baroque, 164–170 Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker’s Fourdinois, Henri, 381 376–391 Italian Renaissance, 107–112 Director, The (Chippendale), Four-poster beds, 127, 190 in furniture, 381–389 Late English Neoclassic, 257, 268, 278 Hepplewhite, 328 historical setting of, 376–378 367–374 Geometric floor arrangements, Louis XVI, 302 interior architecture and Late French Neoclassic, 57 Sheraton, 332 decoration in, 378–380 343–353 George I, King, 247 Fragonard, Jean-Honoré, 233 ornamental design in, Louis XIII, 185, 186–187, George III, King, 355 Frame, defined, 87 390–391 188, 190 Georgian Baroque style, 249 France, adoption of the spatial relationships in, 378 Louis XIV, 186, 187, Georgian design, early. See classical in, 113 , 333 188–189, 190 English Early Georgian Francis I, King, 113 French influence, 278 Louis XV, 239–240, 241, design Francis I Gallery French Rococo design, 243–244 Georgian furniture, 267–270, (Fontainebleau), 116, 117 222–246 Louis XVI, 296–302 274–276 Francis I style, 121 in furniture, 237–245 in Medieval design, 82–90 Georgian period, early, 247 in ornamental detail, 127 historical setting of, 222–224 papier-mâché, 404 Gesso, 14, 107 for seat furniture, 122 interior architecture and portable, 83 Ghiberti, Lorenzo, 92 in storage pieces, 125 decoration in, 226–237 Queen Anne, 267, 270–273 Gibbons, Grinling, 194, 200, in tables, 124 ornamental design in, 246 Régence, 238–239, 241, 243 221 French Academy. See Academy spatial relationships in, Restoration, 381, 382, Gibbs, James, 249 of Architecture (France) 224–226 383–385 Gilding, 14 , influences French windows, 164, 332 Roman, 61–67 early Georgian, 269–270 on, 70 Fresco decoration, Baroque, 163 Second Empire, 382–383, furniture, 238 French artistic ideals, 194 Fresco painting 387–389 Neoclassic, 322 French Baroque design, Baroque, 158 Sheraton, 329–332 Gilt leather, 204 171–191 Renaissance, 97 Transitional Louis XV–XVI, Girouard, Mark, 194 in furniture, 183–190 Roman, 53 241, 245 Glass historical setting of, 171–173 Fresco secco, 97 turning of, 108 manufacturing of, 180, 397 interior architecture and Fresco technique, 8, 159 Victorian, 402–407 use in windows, 137–138 decoration in, 177–183 Friezes, 29 William and Mary, 209–212, Glazed windows, 78, 102 ornamental detail in, 191 Medieval, 75 199–221 Glorification of Urban VIII’s spatial relationships in, Fringed furniture, 216 Furniture craftsmen, Rococo, Reign (da Cortona), 158 173–176 Fronde outbreaks, 172 223 Glorious Revolution, 193 French Neoclassic design, early, Fulcra, 43, 61 Furniture design, viii Gobelins tapestryworks, 283–303 Functionalism, 393 Furniture finishing, 142 171–172, 257, 312 in furniture, 296–302 Furniture Furniture hangings, 151 Gold inlay, 11 historical setting of, 283–286 Adam, 321, 322–324 Furniture joints, Egyptian, 15. Gold leaf gilding, 238 interior architecture and animal legs for, 18, 24 See also Joints Gold work, Rococo, 228 decoration in, 290–295 Carolean, 209–215 Furniture pattern books, 268. Gondola chair, 345 ornamental design in, 303 Chippendale, 267, 278–281 See also Pattern books Gothic architecture, 130 spatial relationships in, Directoire, 343, 344–346 Furniture with Candelabra and Gothic Architecture Improved 286–289 Early English Neoclassic, Interior Decoration (Langley), 253, 268 French Neoclassic design, late, 297–332 (Bridgens), 403 Gothic art, 68 333–353 Early French Neoclassic, Gothic detailing, 390 in furniture, 343–353 296–302 Gabriel, Jacques Ange, 284, 286 Gothic Furniture in the Style of historical setting of, 333–335 Egyptian, 13–25 Galerie d’Apollon (), 154 the Fifteenth Century interior architecture and Empire, 343, 346–353 Galerie d’Enée (Palais Royal), (Pugin), 403

Index 433 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 434

Gothic motifs, 88 Harlequin Pembroke table, 330 Hôtel de Varengeville, 232 English Early Georgian, Gothic Revival style, 358, 380, Harrington, Sir John, 145 Hôtel du Jars, 173 253–266 393 Hatton Garden, 256 Hôtel d’Uzès, 293 English Renaissance, Gothic style, 91, 113, 268, 393 Hausmann, Georges-Eugène, Hôtel Lambert, 173, 176 132–141 Goudge, Edward, 199, 206 377 Hôtel Lazun, 180 English Revival, 397–402 Gouthière, Pierre, 296 Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 199 Hôtels, 70, 114 French Baroque, 177–183 Graining technique, 178, 202 Hearth, open stone, 71. See Houghton Hall, 252, 258, 260 French Renaissance, 116–121 (Peterhof), 228 also Chimneypieces House façades, Renaissance, 131 French Revival, 378–380 Grand Tour of Europe, 248 Helladic cultures, 26 Household Furniture and French Rococo, 226–237 Great Bed of Ware, 149 Hellenic period, 26 Decoration (Hope), 357, 367 Greek, 33–39 Great dining room, 195 Hellenistic period, 26, 36 House of Faun, Pompeii, 48 Italian Baroque, 158–164 Great Fire of London, 193 Henrietta Maria, 201 House of the Bicentenary, 60 Italian Renaissance, 97–107 Great Staircase of the Henry II, King, 69, 114 House of the Wooden Late English Neoclassic, Ambassadors (Versailles), 183 Henry II style, 121 Partition, 60 360–367 Great Wardrobe Looms, 257 in beds, 127 H-shaped plan, 130 Late French Neoclassic, Greek culture, Roman in ornamental detail, 127 Huet, Christophe, 233 337–343 assimilation of, 46 for seat furniture, 122–123 Hugo, Victor, 379 Medieval, 75–82 Greek design, 26–44, 358 in storage pieces, 125, 127 Huguenot artists, impact of, Roman, 52–60 in furniture, 39–43 in tables, 124 114, 193 Intricate style, 59 historical setting of, 26–28 Henry IV, King, 114, 171 Human figures Ionians, 26 interior architecture and Henry VII, King, 128 Egyptian, 11 Ionic columns, 28–30 decoration in, 33–39 Henry VIII, King, 69, Roman, 57, 67 Iron beds, 407 ornamental detail in, 44 128–129 Humanism, Renaissance, 93 Italian Baroque design, spatial relationships in, 28–32 Hepplewhite, George, 325 Hundred Years War, 70 152–170 Greek revival, 285 Hepplewhite furniture, Hunt, T. F., 403 in furniture, 164–170 Grisaille painting, 233 325–328 Hypostyle, 2–3 historical setting of, 152–155 Grotesque, 101 Heraldic devices, 76 interior architecture and defined, 310 Heraldic motifs, 82 Illusionism, 98 decoration in, 158–164 Grotesque design, engraved, in glass, 137 Baroque, 141, 144–146, 148, ornamental detail in, 170 101 Herculaneum, 47, 60 162, 166, 192 spatial relationships in, Guardaroba, 95 excavation of, 224, 285 Roman, 51, 55, 57–58 155–157 Guéridons, 299, 346, 350 H-form palaces, 155 Illusionistic paintings, 98 Italian Renaissance design, Guilds Hieroglyphs, as decorations, 22 Impluvium, 48 91–112 importance of, 223 Highclere Castle, 398 In antis columns, 31 in furniture, 107–112 Medieval, 83 Hinges, strap, 77, 79 Ince, William, 324 historical setting of, 91–93 Gutta-percha, 404 History of Ancient Art Incised carving, 107 interior architecture and Gwynne, Nell, 204 (Winckelmann), 285 Incrustation, 36, 57 decoration in, 97–107 Gypsum concrete, 9 Holkham Hall, 249 Indian textiles, 165 ornamental detail in, 112 Holland, Henry, 356, 361 Indiscret, 387 spatial relationships in, Hackets, 143 Holland House, 136 Individualistic design, 356 93–96 Haddon Hall, 71, 72, 77, 81 Hooded chimneypieces, 80, 104 Industrial production, 367 spread of, 128 Hagley Hall, 250, 257 Hood-mold, 77, 78 Industrial Revolution, 378, Italy, as the springboard for the Hagley Park, 265 Hope, Thomas, 357, 367, 372 381, 392 Renaissance, 91 Hall Hopetoun House, 318 Inlay work Ivory couch, 66 Medieval, 71, 81, 115 Hôtel Colbert de Villacerf, 178 Egyptian, 14 Ivory furniture legs, Egyptian, Renaissance, 131–132 Hôtel de Beauharnais, 339 Greek, 40 14 Hall furniture, Medieval, 87 Hôtel de Bourrienne, 338, 340 Neoclassic, 344, 367 Hall screen, Medieval, 71 Hôtel de Brancas, 339 Renaissance, 97, 107, 121, Jacob, Georges, 334 Ham House, 201, 203 Hôtel de Condé, 287 141 Jacobean period, 1236–137, Hamilton, Sir William, 305 Hôtel d’Ecoville, 115 Revival, 382 138–139, 141–142, Hammer beam construction, 75 Hôtel de Gallifet, 295 Roman, 61 143–144, 146, 148, 151 Hampton Court, 132, 207 Hôtel de Janvry, 225–226 Innocent X, Pope, 153 Jacopo, Giambattista di, 116 Hanovarian monarchs, 247 Hôtel de Lionne, 175 Intarsia, 97, 102, 107 James II, King, 193 Hardouin-Mansart, Jules, 173, Hôtel de Matignon, 224–225 Interior architecture Japanese lacquer, 368 227 Hôtel de Montmorency, 288 Early English Neoclassic, Japanning, 212, 270, 296, 375 Hardwick Hall, 131, 134, 137, Hôtel de Monville, 293 310–321 Jardinière, 346, 358 139 Hôtel de Païva, 379 Early French Neoclassic, Jesuits, influence of, 164 Harewood House, 320 Hôtel de Roquelaure, 236 290–295 Joggled lintel, 80 Harlaxton Manor, 396, 396, Hôtel de Soubise, 228 Egyptian, 7–13 Johnson, Thomas, 282 399, 401 Hôtel de Toulouse, 230 English Baroque, 198–208 Joiner’s guild, 142

434 Index 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 435

Joints Ledoux, Claude-Nicolas, Luscombe Castle, 356, 358, French Baroque, 177, dovetail, 107 287–288, 293, 335 363 184–185 dowel, 15, 39 Lemoine, Paul-Guillaume, 336 , 173, 174, French Renaissance, 116, 121 mitered, 121 Le Nôtre, André, 175 177 French Revival, 378–379, mortise and tenon, 15 Leoni, Giacomo, 248 Lyncrusta, 397 382–383 scarf, 13–14 Le Pautre, Jean, 180, 182, 194 Lyttleton, Lord, 251, 265 French Rococo, 230, tenon, 39 Le Pautre, Pierre, 205, 206, 237–238 Jones, Inigo, 92, 128, 130, 227, 233 Maderno, Carlo, 155 Greek, 33–35, 39–40 199, 248, 253 le Roy, David, 285 Maison de la Collene, 32, 33 Italian Baroque, 158, Le Roy, J. D., 310, 314 Maisons, 114 164–165 Kaufmann, Angelica, 311 Letto, 111 Majolica tiles, 97, 116 Italian Renaissance, 97, Kedleston, 307–308 Le Vau, Louis, 173, 174–176 Manchettes, 239 107–108 Kelham Hall, 396 Lighting upholstered, 298 Late English Neoclassic, Kenilworth (Scott), 402 in Greek residences, 37 Manor houses, 114, 131 360–361, 367–368 Kent, William, 248–249, 253, on stairways, 197 Medieval, 69 Late French Neoclassic, 337, 263, 267, 282, 304 Victorian, 402 Mansart, François, 173, 174, 344 Kinds of Floor Decorations Lime plaster, 8, 53 175, 179, 183, 283–284 mass-produced, 378–379 Represented Both in Plano Linenfold embellishment, 134 Mantelpieces, Baroque, 160, Medieval, 75, 83–84 and Perspective Lit à colonnes, 190, 302 163 Roman, 52–55, 61 (Carwitham), 255 Lit à duchesse, 245 Manufacture Royale des Mau, August, 57 Kirtlington Park, 261 Lit à la polonaise, 245 Meubles de la Couronne, May, Hugh, 193, 194 Kline, 43, 48 Lit à turque, 245 172 Mayhew, John, 324 Klismos and Diphros vase Lit bâteau, 352 Manuscripts, illuminated, 84 Mazarin, Cardinal, influence painting, 41 Lit d’ange, 245 Marble work of, 172 Klismos Chair, 39 Little Wenham Hall, 76–77 Baroque, 160, 177, 201 Medallions, 116, 127 Klismos seat form, 41 Livre d’architecture (Barbet), Greek, 27 ceiling, 366 Knole, 141 180 Renaissance, 97 Medici, Marie de, 172, 173, Livre d’ornements (Meissonier), Rococo, 230, 235 177, 201 Lacquered furniture, 165, 185, 228 Marbleizing technique, 178, Medici family, 93 212, 238 Lock, Matthias, 267–268 202 Medieval design, 68–90 Lacunae, 60 Lodging rooms, Medieval, 73 Marchand-merciers, 223 in furniture, 82–90 Ladies Amusement, or the Whole Loggia, 5, 6, 94 , Queen, 287 historical setting of, 68–70 Art of Japanning Made Easy, Lorraine, Claude, 355 Marlborough, John Churchill, interior architecture and 270 Louis Philippe, 376–377, 378, 250 decoration in, 75–82 Lafosse, Charles de, 182 379 Marlborough legs, 279 ornamental detail in, 90 Laguerre, Louis, 194, 197, Louis XIII furniture, 185–186, Marot, Daniel, 190, 193–194, spatial relationships in, 200–201, 206, 207–208 186–187, 188, 191 201, 205 70–75 Lamb’s tongue, 272 Louis XIII style, 171 Marquetry, 14, 97, 107, 121, Megaron structures, 30–31 Lancet windows, 77 Louis XIV, King, 171m 172, 177, 184, 211, 216, 238, Meissonier, Juste Aurèle, 228, Landscapes, distance, 96 222 321, 382 232 Langley, Batty, 253, 255, 264, Louis XIV furniture, 183, 186, Marquetry floor, 177 Mélanges d’Ornaments Divers 268 187, 188–189, 190, 191 Marquise, 240 (Leconte), 377 Lapis specularis, 60 Louis XIV revival style, 402 Martin, Etienne-Simon, 230 Melon legs, 146 Lares, 49 Louis XIV style, 171, 172, 226 Martin, Guillaume, 230 Menuisier, 184, 223 Lathe Louis XV, King, 222, Martock Manor House, 77 Mercury gilding, 238 introduction of, 40 223–224, 283 Mary II, Queen, 193 Merevale Hall, 394, 395 Roman use of, 61 Louis XV furniture, 237–238, Masson, Louis Le, 336 Mereworth Castle, 248, 251, Lattice stool, 15 239, 241, 243 Materials 265 Laugier, Abbé, 305 Louis XV style, 237–238, 239, Early English Neoclassic, Méridienne, 383, 384 Lavatories, Renaissance, 95 241, 243–244, 246 310–311, 321–322 Metal furniture, Roman, 61 Le Antichità Romani (Piranesi), Louis XVI, King, 333 Early French Neoclassic, 290, Metalwork 285 Louis XVI furniture, 296–302 296 Neoclassic, 296, 368 Leather, use on walls, 178 Louis XVI period, 286 Early Georgian English, Rococo, 228 Leather embossing, 178 Louis XVI style, 290, 337, 254–255, 268–270 Metopes, 29 Leblanc, Abbé, 284 378, 379 Egyptian, 8, 13–15 Middle Ages. See Medieval Le Blond, Jean-Baptiste Louis XVIII, King, 376 English Baroque, 199–201, design Alexandre, 225 Louvre workshops, 171 210–212 Middle class, prosperity of, 392 Le Brun, Charles, 154, 172, Low Countries, craftsmen English Renaissance, 133, Miller, Sanderson, 251 175, 178, 182, 183, 191, from, 129–130, 133 141–142 Minoan cultures, 26 194, 201 Lozenge motif, 354 English Revival, 397, 404 Mique, Richard, 287

Index 435 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 436

Mirrored walls, 204 Newel staircases, 82 Paine, James, 307 Papier-mâché, 258, 311 Mirrors, 178 Nile River Valley, 1 Painted furniture, 368 Papier-mâché furniture, 404 Adam, 324 Nonesuch chest, 148 Painted Parlor, 263 Parchemin, 134 in Rococo decoration, 232 Nonesuch palace, 129 Painting. See also Decorative Parere sull’architettura Mitered joints, 121 Notre-Dame de (Hugo), painting (Piranesi), 305 Mobilier de la Couronne, 381 379 Egyptian, 9 Pargework, 133, 138 Modillion, introduction of, 52 Nouveaux riches, 392, 397 illusionistic, 36 Paris, European culture and, Molding Nouvelle Iconologie historique Medieval, 75 194 carved, 122 (Delafosse), 303 on plaster, 134 Parker, George, 212 classical, 29 Nudes, Renaissance, 122 Palace Compiègne, 342 Parlors decorated, 205 Palaces Medieval, 72, 77 fireplace, 205 Oak plank floors, Medieval, 76 Baroque, 153, 155–156 Renaissance, 132 Medieval, 75, 77 Oeuvres d’architecture (Peyre), English, 195–197 Parquet de Versailles, 230 papyrus, 24 285, 303 Palais Mazarin, 237 Parquet floors, 116, 311 Renaissance, 104 Oil painting, Renaissance, 98 Palais Royal, 222, 230, Baroque, 177, 201 stucco, 57, 59 Oppenord, Gilles-Marie, 223, 288–289, 295 Parquetry, 14, 212 Monasteries, 83 227, 230, 236 Palazzo, plan of, 94 Partitions, Roman, 60 dissolution of, 129 Optical illusions, Renaissance, Palazzo Barberini, 154, 156, Pastas house, 32 Medieval, 69 96. See also Trompe l’oeil 158 Pastiglia, 107 parlors in, 72 painting; Illusionism Palazzo Colonna, 157 Patronage system, 92–93, 171 Monbro the Elder, 389 Opus musivum technique, 55 Palazzo de Giustizia, 163 Pattern books, 129–130, 133, Monumental architecture, Opus sectile technique, 35, 55 Palazzo Doria, 96 224, 228, 264, 267–268, Egyptian, 2 Opus signinum, 55 Palazzo Farnese, 158 403 Moore Park, 254, 257 Oratory, 72 Palazzo Mattei di Giove, 155 Pavillion de Louveciennes, Moquettes, 185 Oriental lacquer, 185, 212 Palazzo Pitti, 154, 160, 163, 2224 Mortise and tenon joints, 14, Oriental porcelain, 205 257 Pax Romana, 46 15, 107, 121 Ormolu, 310 Palazzo Strozzi, 94 Peake, Robert, 130 Mortlake tapestries, 203 Ornamental design Palermo Stone, 1 Pebble mosaics, 34–35 Mosaics Early English Neoclassic, 332 Palladian ceilings, 265 Pedestal leg, 187, 215 Baroque, 164 Early French Neoclassic, 303 Palladianism, 249, 274, 284, Pedestal tables, 124, 385 Roman, 55, 59 English Early Georgian, 282 288, 304 Pedimented doorways, 138 Mosaic floors, 35 English Revival, 408 Palladian period, ornamental Peloponnesian War, 27 Movement, concept of, 306 French Revival, 390–391 detail in, 282 Pembroke tables, 330 Mud, as a building material, 2 French Rococo, 246 Palladian revivals, 198 Penates, 49 Mule chest, 148 Late English Neoclassic, 375 Palladian walls, 263 Pepys, Samuel, 192 Murals Late French Neoclassic, 354 Palladian window, 258 Percier, Charles, 335, 337, Baroque, 177 Ornamental detail Palladio, Andrea, 91, 92, 130, 343, 357, 367 Egyptian, 8 Egyptian, 25 198, 247–248 Pericles, 27 Medieval, 76 English Baroque, 2221 Palmette motif, 354 Peristyle, Roman, 48 Mycenaean plan, 31 English Renaissance, 151 Palmyra, 310 Petit Luxembourg, 230 French Baroque, 191 Panchetto, 109 , 284, 286 Naos, 3 French Renaissance, 127 Panel back chair, 122 Pettifer, James, 199, 206 Napoleonic Wars, 355 Greek, 44 Panel drawing, Rococo, 228 Peyre, Marie-Joséph, 285, 287, Napoleon III, 377 Italian Baroque, 170 Paneled chests, 142, 148 303 Nash, John, 356, 358 Italian Renaissance, 112 Paneled doors, 204 Philip of Macedonia, 27 Necessari, 95 Louis XV, 246 Paneling Piano mobile, 94, 155, 317 Nelson, Viscount Horatio, in Medieval design, 90 Baroque, 202 Picturesque movement, 268, 357, 367 Restoration, 390–391 in beds, 151 355–356, 360, 363 , 285. See also Régence, 246 carved, 79 Pied de biche, 186, 239, 271 English Neoclassic design; Roman, 67 English, 84 Pierced panel staircase, 208 French Neoclassic design Second Empire, 391 linenfold, 134 Pierced tracery, 84 English, 304–305 Ornamentalists, master, 184 Neoclassic, 290–293 Pierced-work furniture, 210 promotion of, 224 Ornate style, 58 Renaissance, 100–101, Pier tables, 330 New Book of Drawings, A Osterly, 316, 323–324 116–117 Pietra dura, 164, 166, 169, (Tijou), 208 Oval stairway, 156 Rococo, 231–232 296 New Book of Ornaments, A Overdoor treatments, 205 Roman, 59 Pilasters, 37, 58, 122, 137 (Lock), 268 Overmantel, 138, 233, 234 wood, 76 Pilgrim’s Hall, 81 Newby Hall, 312 early Georgian, 263 Pantry, Medieval, 73 Pineau, Nicolas, 228, 232 Newel, 141 Overmantel mirrors, 318, 365 Papal aristocracy, influence of, Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, Newel post, 266 Oysterwork, 212 164 284–285, 305, 306, 314

436 Index 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 437

Pittoresque style, 228, 232 Queen Anne furniture, 267, Rococo style (English Scamozzi, Vincenzo, 104 Plaster molds, 199 270–273 interpretation), 253, 282 Scarf joint, 13–14 Plaster of Paris, 254–255 Queen’s Closet (Ham House), Rococo style (French), 223 Scarsdale, Lord, 308 Plasterwork, 8, 133 201, 203 Roman design, 40–67 , 116 Baroque, 160, 199, 206 Queen’s House, 130 in furniture, 61–67 Scott, Sir Walter, 379, 402 early Georgian, 263 Querouaille, Louise, 204 historical setting of, 45–47 Screens, Medieval, 71–72 Neoclassic, 310, 343 interior architecture and Screen walls, 59 Renaissance, 134 Rails, 76 decoration in, 52–60 Scrittoio, 95 Rococo, 236 Rambouillet, Madame de, 180 ornamental detail in, 67 Seat furniture Roman, 53 Ram’s horn, 215 spatial relationships in, Early English Neoclassic Plating, Roman, 61 Rebuilding Act of 1667, 193 47–52 (Adam, Hepplewhite, Plywood woodworking, Reception rooms, Egyptian, 6 Romanesque art, 68 Sheraton), 322–323, Egyptian, 14–15 Rectangular table tops, 42 Romanticism, 268, 390 325–327 Poggio Torselli, 157, 160, 163 Recueil de décorations intérieuers Romayne work, 87, 90, 134 Early French Neoclassic Poisson, Abel, 284 (Percier and Fontaine), Room proportions, Baroque, (Louis XVI), 296–298 Pompadour, Madame de, 224, 3337 157 Early Georgian English 284, 286 Red Drawing Room Rooms, specialization of, 130 (Queen Anne, Georgian, Pompeiian style, 379–380 (Hopetoun House), 318, Room sequence, 132 Chippendale), 270–271, Pompeii, 47–48 319 Rooms of state, Baroque, 199 274, 274–280 excavation of, 224 Refectory table, 111 Rosa, Salvator, 355 Egyptian, 15–19 Pompeiian house, 48–49, 50, Régence furniture, 237–245 Rose, Joseph, 310 English Baroque 51 Régence style (French 18th Rothschild family, 379 (Carolean/Restoration, Porcelain, Oriental, 205 century), 222, 226–228, Round-topped tables, 42 William and Mary), Porphyry, 59 230–232, 234, 235, 246 Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 285 212–214, 215–216 Portico, 5 Regency style (English 19th Royal households, Medieval, English Renaissance Post-and-beam (lintel) century), 360–369 72 (Elizabethan, Jacobean), construction, 2, 46 Reigate Priory, 198, 208 Rubens, Peter Paul, 177 142–145 Post beds, 111. See also Four- Relief, stucco, 53 Rucellai family, 93 English Revival (19th century poster beds Relief patterns, plaster, 9, 11 Ruelles, 175 Victorian), 404 Poundisford Park, 71 Religious themes, Egyptian, 13 Ruins of the Palace of Diocletian French Baroque (Louis XIII, Poussin, Gaspar, 355 Renaissance, 91–93 at Spalatro, The (Adam), Louis XIV), 185–186, 186 Pratt, Roger, 193 Renaissance architecture, 129 305, 308, 310 French Renaissance (Francis Prefabricated parts, 306 Renaissance design. See English Rules for Drawing the Several I, Henri II), 122, 122–123 Press cupboard, 149 Renaissance design; French Parts of Architecture (Gibbs), French Revival (19th century Press-molded stucco, 254 Renaissance design; Italian 349 Restoration, Second Prestwold Hall, 401 Renaissance design Rush floors, 75 Empire), 383, 387–388 Priene, residence at, 31 Renaissance refectory table, 64 French Rococo (Régence, “Priest’s holes,” 129 Repertoire de l’Ornemaniste S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Louis XV, Transition Louis Primaticcio, Francesco, 113, (Blaizot), 377 155 XV–XVI), 238–239, 116, 177, 182 Residences Sabre leg, 349, 383 239–240, 241 Princess Sitamun chair, 18, 19 Baroque, 155–157 Sacchi, Andrea, 158 Greek, 40–42 Printing techniques, 92 French Renaissance, 114–115 Sala, 95 Italian Baroque, 165–166 Private space, progression Roman, 47–48 Sala di Apollo (Palazzo Pitti), Italian Renaissance, 108–110 toward, 94 storied, 32 162 Late English Neoclassic Privy chambers, Medieval, 73 Restoration furniture Saletta, 95 (Regency), 368–371 Prodigy houses, 129 19th century French, 383, Salle à manger, 225 Late French Neoclassic Proportion, in Greek 383–387 Salle du dais, 225 (Directoire, Empire), architecture, 30 17th century English, Salones, 175, 195 344–345, 347, 349 Protestant architects, 212–215 Saltire, 186, 215 Medieval, 85 persecution of, 114 Revett, Nicholas, 385 Samnite House, 50, 52 Roman, 53 Pugin, A. W. N., 393, 403, Rhodian peristyle, 32 Sarcophagi, Roman, 67 Seaweed marquetry, 211–212, 404–405 Ribband back, 278 Sash windows, 204 216 Punic Wars, 46 Richard, Antoine, 287 Savonarola chairs, 107, 108 Second Empire, 376–377, 379, Puritans, 128, 144, 209 Richelieu, Cardinal, influence Roman prototype for, 64 381 Purlins, 73 of, 172 Savonnerie carpet Second Empire furniture, Pyramidal chimney hood, 80 Ridgepole, 73 manufacturers, 172, 230 382–383, 387–389 Rinceaux, 282 Savot, Louis, 194 Secrétaire à abattant, 299 Quadratura frescoes, 163 Robinson, Gerrard, 405 Scaenae frons, 59 Secrétaires debout, 300 Quadratura painting, 158 Rococo period, ornamental Scagliola, 164–165, 205, 254, Secretary bookcases, Sheraton, Quartering, 210 detail in, 282 260, 310–311, 361 331

Index 437 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 438

Sedia, 109 Spada Palaces, 155 Stone slab flooring, 75 Stucco relief, ceiling, 33, 52 Sella curulis, 62 Spanish influence, 164, 166 Stone wall revetments, 59 Stuccowork Sensusert II, Pharaoh, 8 Spatial relationships Stonework Baroque, 146, 147 Serlian window, 258 Early English Neoclassic, Egyptian, 8 early Georgian, 235–236, Serlio, Sebastiano, 92, 104, 306–309 Renaissance, 97, 133 239 114, 130 Early French Neoclassic, Stools Neoclassic, 288 Service rooms 286–289 Baroque (English), 212, 214, Renaissance, 89, 107 Baroque, 175 in Egyptian design, 3–8 216 Roman, 46 Medieval, 73 English Baroque, 194–198 Egyptian, 15–17 Stylistic periods, viii Settee, 214 English Early Georgian, Medieval, 85, 87 Sudbrooks Park, 229 Victorian, 403 250–253 Roman, 62, 64 Sudbury, 180, 181, 190–191, Seven Years War, 286, 383 English Renaissance, Storage pieces 193 Seymour, Edward, 128 130–136 Early English Neoclassic Sultane, 221 Sezincote, 359, 366 English Revival, 393–397 (Adam, Hepplewhite, Summerson, Sir John, 119 Sgabello, 109 French Baroque, 173–176 Sheraton), 324, 327–328, Sure Guide to Builders, A Shaw, Henry, 403 French Renaissance, 114–115 331 (Langley), 243 Shelf mirrors, 234 French Revival, 378 Early French Neoclassic Suspended ceilings, 122 Sheraton, Thomas, 356, 367, French Rococo, 224–226 (Louis XVI), 300 Syon House, 284, 285–286, 373 in Greek design, 28–32 Early Georgian English 288, 289–291 Sheraton furniture, 329–332 Italian Baroque, 155–157 (Queen Anne, Georgian, Shouldered architrave, 260 Italian Renaissance, 93–96 Chippendale), 272–273, Tables Shute, John, 133 Late English Neoclassic, 276, 280–281 Early English Neoclassic Shutters, 204 358–360 Egyptian, 22 (Adam, Hepplewhite, internal, 258 Late French Neoclassic, English Baroque Sheraton), 323–324, 327, Medieval, 77 335–336 (Carolean/Restoration, 350–351 Sicily, development of, 45–46 in Medieval design, 70–75 William and Mary), 215, Early French Neoclassic Sideboard table in Roman design, 47–52 216–217, 219 (Louis XVI), 298–300 Georgian, 275 Specimens of Ancient Furniture English Renaissance Early Georgian English Restoration, 385 (Shaw), 403 (Elizabethan, Jacobean), (Queen Anne, Georgian, Victorian, 405 Spere, 71 148–149 Chippendale), 271–272, Side chairs Sphinx, use in chair design, 41 English Revival (Victorian), 275–276, 280 Baroque (Italian), 166 Spiral staircases, 121, 139 406–407 Egyptian, 21 Elizabethan revival, 404 Renaissance, 107 French Baroque (Louis XIII, English Baroque Georgian, 274 Spiral turning, 210, 213 Louis XIV), 188, 188–189 (Carolean/Restoration, Neoclassic (English), 369 Split spindles, 137, 142 French Renaissance (Francis William and Mary), Queen Anne, 270 S-scrolls, 210, 233 I, Henri II), 385, 389–399 214–215, 216–217, 219 Side tables, 146 Stairways French Revival (Restoration, English Renaissance Singeries, 223, 246 Early English Neoclassic, 321 Second Empire), 383, (Elizabethan, Jacobean), Six Sconces (Lock), 267–268 Early French Neoclassic, 295 387–388 146 Six Tables (Lock), 267–268 Early Georgian English, French Rococo (Régence, English Revival (19th century Sleeping chayres, 214 265–266 Louis XV, Transition Louis Victorian), 406–414 Sleter, Francesco, 257 English Baroque, 208 XV–XVI), 243–244, 245 French Baroque (Louis XIII, Smith, George, 358, 367, 369, English Renaissance, Greek, 42–43 Louis XIV), 186–187 372 139–141 Italian Baroque, 168 French Renaissance (Francis Soane, John, 356, 360 English Revival, 401–402 Italian Renaissance, 110–111 I, Henri II), 124 Sofa French Baroque, 183 Late English Neoclassic French Revival (19th century Regency (English), 371 French Renaissance, 121 (Regency), 373 Restoration and Second Renaissance (English), 145 French Rococo, 236–237 Late French Neoclassic Empire), 383–384 Sofa tables, 371 Italian Baroque, 163–164 (Directoire, Empire), 346, French Rococo (Régence, Soffit, invention of, 30 Italian Renaissance, 107 350, 351 Louis XV), 241, 243 Solar, 72 Late English Neoclassic, Medieval, 87 Greek, 42 Somerset House, 128, 201 366–367 Roman, 67 Italian Baroque, 166–168 Sotto in su, 158, 163, 182 Late French Neoclassic, 343 Strap hinges, 70, 71 Italian Renaissance, 111 Soufflot, Jacques Germain, 284 Medieval, 82 Strapwork, 107, 128, 129, 138 Late English Neoclassic Soul houses, 3 as ornamental features, 132 String staircases, 245, 246 (Regency), 371–372 Southill, 361 Stalker, John, 212 Strozzi family, 83 Late French Neoclassic Space planning, vii. See also Stamped leather, 204 Stuart, James, 265 (Directoire, Empire), 346, Spatial relationships; Three- State apartments, 195 Stuart monarchs, 118 349–350 dimensional spatial Stiles, 76 Stuccatore, 149 Medieval, 87 characteristics St. Mary-le-Strand, 249 Stucco moldings, 49, 50 Roman, 64–67

438 Index 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 439

Tables servantes, 299 Egyptian, 4–8 Tripod table, 64 Venice, architectural character Table tops, inlaid, 166 English Baroque, 194–198 Tripod tea table, 280 of, 93 Table turnings, Baroque, 167 English Renaissance, Trompe l’oeil architecture, 57 Vernis Martin, 230, 296, 299 Tablinum, 48, 49 130–132 Trompe l’oeil painting, 52, 96, Vernon, George, 206 Tabourets, 186 English Revival, 393–397 254. See also Illusionism Verre églomisé, 296 Tabula, 87 French Baroque, 173–176 Greek, 35 Verrio, Antonio, 194, Tallboy, Queen Anne, 272 French Renaissance, 114–115 for staircases, 141 197–198, 200–201, Talman, William, 199 French Rococo, 224–226 True Principles of Pointed or 206–207 Tapestries Greek, 28–32 Christian Architecture, The Versailles, 207 Baroque, 160, 202–203 Italian Renaissance, 93–96 (Pugin), 393 expansion of, 172 early Georgian, 257 Late English Neoclassic, Trumeaux, 233, 234 Vestibules, Baroque, 157 Medieval, 69, 76 358–360 Truss, 73 Vestibulum, 48 Neoclassic, 312 Late French Neoclassic, Tudor monarchs, 128 Victorian furniture, 402–408 Renaissance, 98, 116, 134 335–336 Tudor period, 142 Victorian residences, 394–397 Rococo, 257 Medieval, 70–75 Tunnel vault, 104 Villa Barbero, 98 wall treatments with, 178 Roman, 47–52 Turnings Villa Boscoreale, 60 Tapestry Room (Newby Hall), Throne chair, 122 Baroque, 210 Villa Rotunda (Capra), 248 312 Thrones for furniture, 142, 144–145 Villas Tea tables, 216, 271 Greek, 40–41 Renaissance, 151 Baroque, 157 Chippendale, 280 Roman, 61 stairway, 141 country, 153 Tel el-Amarna country villa, 4 Tie beam, 73 Tuscan order, 52 Villa Sacchetti del Pigneto, 157 Tempera, Roman use of, 53 Tijou, Jean, 208 Tutankhamen, tomb of, 14, Villa Sassetti, 161 Temple architecture, Egyptian, Tile flooring, Rococo, 230 16–17 Vitruvius, Pollio Marcus, 28, 2–3 Tiles Tympanum, 29 38, 53, 91 Temple of Vesta, 47 earthenware, 75 Vitruvius Britannicus Tenements, Pompeiian, 47 Egyptian, 2 Unifying principle, defined, (Campbell), 198–199, 248 Tenon joints, 39 glazed, 9 201 Vouet, Simon, 182 Terms, 127 Tiryns Palace, 30 Union Centrale des Beaux- Voyage dans le Basse et la Haute Terra-cotta chest, Greek, 43 Tomb paintings, Egyptian, 3 Arts, 382 Egypte (Denon), 357 Terra-cotta flooring, 35 Tombs, Egyptian, 7, 13 Upholstery, 85, 144, 145 Rococo, 230 Toro, Jean-Bernard, 223 Baroque, 214, 216 Waddeson Manor, 399, 400, Roman, 55 Torrigiano, Pietro, 128, 132 for beds, 169–170, 190, 401 Terra-cotta tile, 97 Town houses, 316 220–221 Wainscot chair, 142–143 Terrazzo floors, 160 French, 70, 114 Elizabethan, 141 Wainscotting Tesselatum, 55 French Baroque, 175 Indian textile, 165 Medieval, 76 Tessellated mosaic, 35 Trabeated construction, 33, 46 Neoclassic, 344 Renaissance, 101, 117 Tesserae, 53, 57 Traceried windows, 93 Renaissance, 108 Wall hangings glass, 59 Tracery, carved, 88 Second Empire, 387 Renaissance, 98 Tester, 89, 149 Trade, influence on art, 70 wool, 185 seasonal, 203–204 Tester bed, 220–221 Trafalgar chair, 368 Urban VIII, Pope, 152–153 Wall painting Chippendale, 281 Transitional Louis XV–XVI Utilitarian facilities, Roman, 46 Pompeiian, 52 Textile hangings furniture, 241, 245 Roman, 53, 57–59 Medieval, 76 Transitional Louis XV–XVI Vanbrugh, Sir John, 199 Wallpaper, 254 Renaissance, 151 style, 222 Varnish, green, 230 Neoclassic, Late English, Textiles Trapezai, 42 Varnish gilding, 238 362–363 application to furniture, 84, 85 Treatise of Civil Architecture Vassé, François-Antoine, 230 ornamentation of, 311 Baroque, 160 (Chambers), 305 Vaulted ceilings, 121 Victorian, 398 in bed treatments, 89, 112, Treatise of Japanning and Veneer Wall plate, 73 190 Varnishing, A (Stalker and Baroque, 184, 210–212 Walls Indian, 165 Parker), 212 early Georgian, 268, 269 articulated, 257 Neoclassic, 340 Treatise on the Decorative Part Egyptian, 14–15 Early English Neoclassic, Thoresby Hall, 395 of Civil Architecture, A Neoclassic, 296, 344, 367 312–316 Thoroughfare rooms, (Chambers), 305 Rococo, 237–238 Early French Neoclassic, Medieval, 72 Trefoil motif, 87 Roman, 61 306–309 Three-dimensional spatial Trestle supports, 111 walnut, 216–217 Early Georgian English, 255, characteristics Trestle tables, 64, 124, 146 Veneered surfaces, decoration 257–258 Early English Neoclassic, Triclinia, 48 of, 237–238 Egyptian, 9–11 306–309 Tricoteuses, 298, 346 Venetian ceiling design, 106 English Baroque, 202–204 Early Georgian English, Triglyphs, 29 Venetian glass, 102, 180 English Renaissance, 250–251, 253 Tripartite plan, 5, 6 Venetian windows, 258, 316 133–134, 136–137

Index 439 14_464333_bindex.qxd 10/13/05 2:09 PM Page 440

English Revival, 398–399 Window seats, Medieval, 77 French Baroque, 177–179 Windsor Castle, 198, 206 French Renaissance, 116–117 Wing chair, upholstered, 214 French Rococo, 230–233 Withdrawing room, 132 Greek, 36 Women’s rights, in Rome, 47 Italian Baroque, 160 Wood, Robert, 285, 310 Italian Renaissance, 98–102 Wood bending, Egyptian, 14 Late English Neoclassic, Wood carving, Baroque, 361–363 199–200. See also Carving Late French Neoclassic, Wood decorating, Italian 337–340 Renaissance, 105–106 Medieval, 76 Wood furniture, Greek, 39 Roman, 57–60 Woodhall Park, 312 Walpole, Horace, 253, 267 Wood joinery, Greek, 39. See Ware, Isaac, 254, 255, 261 also Joints Water gilding, 269, 322 Wood painting, 178 Watteau, Jean-Antoine, 223, Wood paneling, 76. See also 246 Paneling Waverly Novels (Scott), 379 English Renaissance, Webb, John, 253 136–137 White House, The, 249 Woodwork, painted, 257 Whitewash, 8, 11, 76, 98 Woodworking, Italian William III, King, 193 Renaissance, 97 William and Mary furniture, Works in Architecture of Robert 210, 215–221 and James Adam, The Winckelmann, Johann (Adam), 306 Joachim, 285 Work tables Winde, William, 206 French Neoclassic, 298 Windows Sheraton, 330 Early English Neoclassic, Wotton, Sir Henry, 130 316–317 Wren, Sir Christopher, 193, Early French Neoclassic, 194, 199 293–294 Writing tables, 241 Early Georgian English, 258, Baroque (Louis XIII), 186 260 Louis XVI, 298 Egyptian, 11 Wrought iron English Baroque, 204–205 English Baroque, 208 English Renaissance, French Neoclassic, 296 137–138 French Rococo, 236 English Revival, 399–400 Victorian, 397 French Baroque, 179–180 Wrought iron balustrades, 266 French Renaissance, 117, 119 Wyatt, James, 361 French Rococo, 233–234 Wyatt, Samuel, 307, 309, 358 glazed, 70 Greek, 37–38 X-form curve, 64 Italian Baroque, 160 Italian Renaissance, 102 Yorkshire-Derbyshire chair, 144 Late English Neoclassic, 363–364 Zuber, Jean, 379 Late French Neoclassic, 340, Zucchi, Antonio, 311 342 Medieval, 76–79 Roman, 60

440 Index