WHEN YOU PAIRS ORDER SHOES ANY FOR 29 Yes! Wear them, try them, test one pair any way you wish before you decide to keep your order. Because Haband, the mail order people from Paterson, New Jersey, believe you can't tell a shoe by its cover! You must be sure they look as great, feel as great, and wear every bit as great as promised or pack them up and fire them back for full refund of the $29.95! HABAND RE-INVENTS THE SHOE!! No other product known to man can so immediately mpact your minute to minute personal comfort as your shoes! Yet who can afford the current outrageous $50 or $100 a pair? That's why Haband invented a whole New Factory Approach, just as cataclysmic as the reorganization of General Motors! You get a better product! Better Looks! and FAR MORE COMFORT! You get beautiful lustrous kid grained man-made uppers that keep a soft natural lustre, & never need a shine! You get sure footed extra JP° cushion crepe rubber heel & sole! Special built-in support shank in the arch! Long wear shape /

holding heel counters. Loafers , / have built-in elastic gore. -J Oxfords have strong — i .„ braided laces. / In short, you get ^-asak . / ALL YOU EVER WANTED in TOP FLIGHT ^SiES EXECUTIVE SHOES

BEWARE THE RETURN INFLATION! Price Subject OF To Increase Look Carefully and Act Fast! AT ANY TIME! the of the Shoe prices are at edge MAIL your FREE TRIAL springboard and on the way up! Order Today, & LOCK IN your 3 for 29.95 price! Do not miss this JUST MAIL THIS EASY ORDER FORM! extraordinary chance RIGHT NOW to . T Haband 100% man-made seize the LOWEST ^>/\OK95 SHOE PRICE FOR EXECUTIVE Q hT 9Q THE REST OF S QUALITY SHOES YOUR J! * 4 for 39.50 ALL 5 for 08.95 LIFE! v

"WEAR ONE PAIR FREE" GUARANTEE! HOW WHAT WHAT We ship your shoes direct to your door. Wear one pair 478 Color MANY? SIZE? WIDTH? for test, any way you wish. If for any reason you are Grey Loafer not satisfied return all 3 pairs within 30 days, the Q single worn pair and the other two unworn, for $29.95 K Bone Loafer {Haband keeps the postage and handling.) H Black Loafer Or Charge It: Visa MasterCard Acct.# ^_ White Loafer Exp. Date: F Black Oxford 70R-478 Name

Address Apt.*

| City/State Zip | Haband is a conscientious family business operating by U.S. Mail since 1925. Over 2 million customers! JUNE 1984 THE AMERICAN LEGION The Magazine for a Strong America

Volume 116, Number 6

Feature Articles

P. 12 12 CIA: Confronting "Undeclared War" Departments CIA Director William J. Casey details how the US is faring in its battle against the forces of international subversion, in this exclusive interview. 3 Letters 15 The Wartime OSS 5 Commander's Message By Richard Dunlop Forerunner of today's CIA, the WWII Office of Strategic Services had humble beginnings. 7 Dateline Washington

16 Terrorism: Cancer of Civilization p. 16 9 Commentary By Drs. Robert E. Hunter and Robert H. Kupperman Once the domain of a fanatic few, terrorism today is an element 11 Perspective of the foreign policy of too many nations—and it's increasingly being used against the US.

22 Big Issues 1 8 D-Day + 40 Years By Philip C. Clarke 27 Post of the Month The story of the greatest amphibious invasion in history, told by

the men who lived it. 28 Profiles in Service 20 D-Day on the Home Front By Lester David 30 Legion News News of the Normandy landings affected stateside Americans deeply. Here's a glimpse of that day. 32 Veterans Update " 23 The Gl Bill of Rights

How the GI Bill came into being is a dramatic story Outfit 34 Reunions of Legion accomplishment.

The Act That Changed America 36 News To Use , < No law has had a greater impact on the fabric of American life than the GI Bill. 56 Parting Shots 54 Where Have All the Grandparents Gone? By Jay Stuller COVER BY: GRADY FRANKLIN The natural glue that bonds alternate generations is being dissolved by modern society.

P. 23

The American Legion Magazine, a recognized leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for Is 2.5 million members. These military-service veterans, working through 16,000 community-level Posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service, and the wholesome development of our nation's youth.

1 Special 10% Discount For Legionnaires: THE AMERICAN LEGION Cruise QE2 MAGAZINE Editorial Offices

700 North Pennsylvania St. P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 ToThe Sun. 317-635-8411

2nd Person Pays LessThan Minimum Rate! Keith Kreul National Commander QE2: 24-hour city at sea! James N. Sites Designed for your comfort, enjoyment and luxury with state-of-the-art Publisher/Editor in Chief amenities: "Computer Learning Center"; California's famed "Golden Daniel S. Wheeler Door" health spa with Jacuzzi® Whirlpool Baths, sauna, gym. Dance Assistant Publisher/Editor under the stars in the Indoor/Outdoor Center." Enjoy new "Magrodome Philip F. Van Pelt superb world-class restaurants, nightclubs, casino. Managing Editor 7 opportunities to sail Ward A. Beckham Staff Writer QE2 and save! James A. Chaney June 24 (3 days) Party cruise from Art Editor N.Y., from $615. Dwight E. Lamb Aug. 11 (8 days) N.Y. to Quebec Production Manager (overnight), Ingonish, Sydney N.Y., from $1,445. Advertising Coordinator Sept. 26 (5 days) N.Y. to Bermuda Bernice Holbrook The American Legion Magazine (overnight), N.Y, from $900. 700 North Pennsylvania St., Oct. 24 Party cruise from N.Y, from P.O. Box 7068 $615. Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-635-8411 Nov. 14 (10 days) Boston, N.Y. (Nov. Advertising Representative 15), San Juan, St. Thomas, Robert Redden Assoc., Inc. St. Maarten, St. Kitts, Boston, P.O. Box 999, Teaneck, NJ 07666 N.Y, from $1,910. 201-837-5511

Dec. 21 (14 days) N.Y, (10 days from Pt. Everglades), to such ports The American Legion as Freeport, St. Thomas, Magazine Commission Barbados, Caracas (La Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, Guaira), Pt. Everglades, N.Y. SC; James V, Kissner. Vice Chairman, (No 2nd-person rate on this Palatine, IL, James R. Kelley. National Com- mander's Representative, Wayne, PA; Nor- cruise.) From $2,580. man Biebel, Belleville, IL. Adolph F. Bremer, Jan. 4 (8 days from N.Y.) San Juan, Winona, MN; Victor Broom. Fulton, MS, John J. Dunn Sr., Scranton, PA; Wayne J. Painter, St. Thomas, St. Maarten, Milwaukee, Wl; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, N.Y, from $1,445. GA. Frank J. Holcshuh, Youngstown, OH; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA; Arthur M. Book now for Legionnaires' McDowell, Indianapolis, IN; Nathaniel J. savings! McKee. Princeton, NJ, J. Fred Mitchell, Brew- ton, AL, J H, Morris, Baton Rouge. LA, Bruce In most categories, 2nd person in E. Penny, Seattle, WA; Floyd J. Rogers, To- peka, KS, George G. Sinopoli, Fresno, CA; stateroom pays less than minimum Ralph L. Smith, Bartlesville, OK, Dewey C. rate— 3rd and 4th even less! All this, Spencer. Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; George J. Zanos Sr., plus special Legionnaires' 10% dis- Wellsburg, WV; Margaret M. Malone, Consul- count. For reservations and informa- tant, Trenton, NJ, Casimir F. Sojka, Consul- tant, New Rochelle. NY. tion, phone Les Kertes, toll-free, at 800-645-2120. N.Y. residents call col- Copyright 1984 by The American Legion lect at (212) 895-7062. Or send coupon

for details. British Registry Price: Annual subscription, $12.00; single copy, $1.00. To subscribe, send $12.00 ore per person, double occupancy, subject to availability: ($18.00 in foreign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

/ | Mr. Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays I Change of Address: Notify your local Post PO. Box 462, 277 Northern Blvd. Adjutant and The American Legion's Circula- tion Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN reat Neck, 11022 LIZABETH I* Gr NY 46206. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current membership Send me more information on special QE2 cruise card number. Allow 8 weeks for change of opportunities for Legionnaires and their families. address to take effect.

To request microfilm copies, please write to: University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106

Member Audit Bureau of Circulations

E 40153 )1984 Cunard THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR inventory Adjustment Special. DIRECT FROM U.S. OPTICS QUALITY SUNGLASSES AT FACTORY PRICES Each pair features: Impact resistant lenses • Handcrafted • Polished glass lenses • Hardened esting. It reflected some of my un- metal frames • No non-sense guarantee. Merchant Marine pleasant experiences with college stu- FREE—limited time only-deluxe velour lined case Regarding Tracy Thompson's letter dents, who could not read or, at least, with each pair of glasses ordered (a $3.00 value). Credit cards accepted. Dealer inquiries invited. concerning merchant marine salaries: comprehend what they "read." It is my NOTICE: Don't be fooled by cheap Imitations. Whoever plucked those figures out of sincere belief that this lack of reading These glasses are made exclusively for U.S. a real problem the elements must have been up with ability continues to be Optics™ To make sure you get the best, order the astronauts because such salaries in our "boob-tube civilization." now and If not completely satisfied return for for merchant seamen do not now exist, William F. Keller refund within 30 days. « copyright i9B3 u s optics- nor have they ever existed. We mer- Crystal Lake, III. chant seamen do not make exorbitant salaries; if comparisons are to be As the author of an instructional made, let's match up our salaries with course in intensive phonics, I found salaries in similar here and Blumenfeld's article to be the best paid trades ^^^^^ ^ ¥ Sale abroad. Furthermore, none of those step-by-step account of what has hap- ^^^^^^ $5 95 World Famous Pilot's Glasses trades have to forego the companion- pened to our reading programs that I #20P These precision flight glasses are now available to the ship of loved ones months on end as have ever read. public for only $5 95 If you could buy them elsewhere, they'd the American merchant seaman does. Mary Gomer probably cost you over $20 00, available in gold or silver frames. A $20 00 value only $5 95 2 pairs lor $11 .00 Dennis A. Roland Faulkton, S.D. Astoria, N.Y. Why can't Johnny, or anybody else, read this article? Because black print Missiles on a dark green page is virtually im- J. J. Moakley suggests that rather possible to read — especially by an than the US have space-based missiles 83-year-old veteran. If the article was (Big Issues, March 1984), we should published to be read, then this one #30A Flexible cabletemples, gold frame only. negotiate "real arms control." Has he failed the test. A $20.00 value only $6 95 2 pairs tor $13.00. forgotten Lenin's words: "Promises Carroll F. Sullivan are like piecrusts, made to be bro- Menlo Park, Calif. ken"? Furthermore, the Soviets have already militarized space with their anti-satellite weapon, the ASAT. Education Money N. G. Nyerges In "Money Is Not the Answer" Santa Monica, Calif. (March 1984), Dr. George Roche III suggests several valid reasons for the change to lighter tints indoors, lack of quality in our educational pro- #30C Lenses darken outdoors, gold frame only A $30.00 value only $9 95 2 pairs tor $18.00. Phonics cess. However, he omitted an impor- I was surprised to see the article tant element of society that must entitled "Can Phonics Solve the Liter- share the burden of blame with the acy Crisis" (March 1984) because there schools — the parents. has been no debate about this among Verna Bressers professional educators for the past 30 Wauwatosa, Wis. years. There are no public school teachers or professors of education in the US who say children should learn C.A.P. Professional Driving & Shooting Glasses by the "look-say" method and that The Civil Air Patrol article (April #30D Wide angle amber lenses brighten visability. Gold frames pairs tor $18.00. phonics should not be taught. If there 1984) suggests that emphasis today is A $30.00 value only $9.95. 2 are educators today who hold to the focused on a future national emergen- To order your U.S. Optics sunglasses, send check or money order to U.S. Optics, Dept. 154, P.O. Box 14206, Atlanta, Georgia idea that phonics should omitted cy. this is true, the civilian aux- be While 30324. Credit card customers please fill in card # and Exp. date from the reading instruction program, iliary of the USAF is more directly QUANTITY MODEL # GOLD SILVER PRICE Blumenfeld should have mentioned concerned with day-to-day emergen- 20P 30A X them in his article. cies. In for C.A.P. vol- 1983, example, 30C X Carl E. Miller, Ed.D. unteers saved more than 150 lives 30D X Professor of Education among them 60 were saved by aerial Add Postage, Handling, and Insurance $1.00 per pair Bakersfield, Calif. or ground search measures, and 59 ' 0t0 ' OFFER EXPIRES 9/30/84 through blood airlifts. Furthermore, Credit card orders may call 1-404-252-0703 As a former educator and pub- DoD directives task C.A.P. with the lisher, I found this article most inter- primary responsibility for supporting Visa or Master Charge * Exp. Date civil authorities in natural disaster re- Name Lepers published do not necessarily lief operations. express the policy The American Harold M. Teeple of Address Legion. We reserve the right to select Captain, C.A.P. and excerpt letters for publication. Kissimmee, Fla. City State Zip FREE case with each pair. JUNE 1984 At Last! A Rear-Tine Tiller Especially for Small Gardens! the 3V2HP TROY-HILT* "JUNIOR"

If your garden is 30'x50' or less, here's why it will pay you to get the full story about the Newest, Greatest Breakthrough in rear-tine tillers in over 50 years!... * Half The Price f B'99erTlllers! t SAVES YOU MONEY! Goes for half the price of larger rear- ° tine tillers— which you don't need for your small-sized garden.

» SAVES YOUR BACK! Forget spading and raking! The "JUNIOR" prepares your garden in a fraction of the time!

t SAVES HAND WEEDING! It's adjustable to shallow depth perfect for chopping, uprooting and burying weed seeds- killing them. Simply guide the "JUNIOR" up and down each row.

SAVES GARDEN SPACE! Narrow 14" tilling width allows you to plant your rows closer together. The BIG JOB tiller. ..for small, high yield gardens!

Grow more in less space! itiiiitiin.

EASY TO USE! With its tines in the rear and engine out front, the "JUNIOR" is so well balanced you

can handle it with JUST ONE HAND. Won't shake you to pieces like front-end tillers do!

EASY TO TURN & MANEUVER! Because the "Grow more in less space!' "No more hand weeding!" "JUNIOR"is light and compact (but strong!) you can turn it and maneuver it in tight places with Mail this wonderful ease! coupon There's much more to know about this wonderfully different and better idea in small garden tillers.. .like how

you can use it to build super rich soil, no matter what today "Turns dime!" your soil conditions. ..or, how it can help you grow two, on a even three crops of vegetables where you could only grow one before! TROY-BILT® Roto Tiller-Power Composter So why not mail the coupon TODAY, and get all the f exciting facts about the amazing new TROY-BILT Dept. A2110 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 "JUNIOR". ..Plus our mid-sized PONY and large garden 8 HORSE Models. We'll include prices, attachments and YES! Please send me complete information on complete information about our special "OFF-SEASON" the new JUNIOR and all other TROY-BILT Tiller Savings discount now in effect! Models ranging from the 5 HP PONY to the 8 HP "PROFESSIONAL" including details on prices in effect! WHY, for heaven's sake suffer and big "OFF-SEASON" Savings now any longer with a tines-in-front type of tiller that has no power Name to the wheels and shakes you to pieces? And why break your back with hoeing, raking and Address, shovelling? The New TROY-BILT "JUNIOR" makes all your garden- City_ ing chores faster and easier- increasing your gardening JOY! Send for full details TODAY! State. -Zip. COMMANDERS MESSAGE

Our Legacy To America's Veterans

The Servicemen's Readjustment is the virtually unanimous opinion of Act of 1944 — the GI Bill of educators that assistance to veterans

Rights — has been called many things: for . . . education after WWII was one the single most comprehensive piece of of the most tremendous and far- legislation ever passed by Congress; reaching policies ever inaugurated by one of the most enlightened laws ever the US government." adopted by any government; a monu- Last year we dedicated a memorial mental act whose effects are still re- to one of the GI Bill's architects, Past verberating throughout this land. All Natl. Cdr. Harry W. Colmery. It was are true. his hand that put the words on paper If it had never done anything other that were to become the greatest than conceive, write and preside at the affirmation of a nation's debt to its birth of the GI Bill, The American wartime veterans. Legion's place in history as the na- Forty years later, his words con- tion's foremost veterans' advocate and tinue to explain succinctly the deep- friend would be secure. rooted compassion that the Legion has This month marks the 40th anniver- demonstrated repeatedly in its pro- sary of the enactment of the GI Bill. grams for veterans, their families and When President Franklin D. Roosevelt the nation: signed that historic piece of legislation "Never again," Colmery wrote, "do on June 22, 1944, neither he nor the Natl. Cdr. Keith Kreul we want to see the glory of our nation 78th Congress that passed it thought of fade to the extent that her men of it as an investment. Their emphasis arms . . . totter from door to door [de- was on giving "emphatic notice to the pendent on] reluctant charity." men and women of our armed forces "We are measured as The point is that all Legionnaires that the American people did not in- are capable of greatness. We demon- . . . tend to let them down." successes not strated that inspiration with the GI Roosevelt's feeling echoed those of by the numbers who Bill, and now we constantly seek other the small band of Legionnaires who, challenges through which to continue acting on the instruction of the 1943 serve us, but by the our legacy of service and advocacy. National Convention, created a legacy numbers we serve" Many avenues are open to us, in- of compassion for their fellow veter- cluding nurturing US youth to be re- ans. The Legion's foresight and the sponsible citizens, ready to assume dedication of that special Legion leadership in the 21st Century. committee have affected not only the the mainstream of civilian life an aver- The message to be drawn from this life of every United States veteran, age of over 30 months. They returned 40th anniversary is that we are meas- but of nearly every American citizen to an uncertain economy retooling to ured as successes or failures not by as well. peacetime production. Could the the numbers who serve us, but by the In the last four decades, the GI Bill post-war business world absorb them? numbers we serve. The millions of US has seen three successors, each serv- On one hand were all the ingredients veterans served by the GI Bill bear ing its own generation of veterans. All for near-national breakdown. On the witness to the Legion's greatness. have been modeled after the original other, the GI Bill. This anniversary serves as a re- legislation created by the Legion. As we can see today, the education minder to every Legionnaire that we Coming when a million WWII ser- and training provisions of the GI Bill are here to serve. The GI Bill provides vicemen were being discharged every turned out to be a bargain. Our a standard against which we can mea- month, the education and training better-educated, higher-earning vet- sure our efforts. History has proven provisions of the GI Bill played a erans return taxes to US coffers that the GI Bill was not just a compassion- major role by preventing complete are estimated to be three times what ate act of a grateful nation. It pro- disruption of America's economy. Un- the veteran received as benefits from vided veterans the opportunity to up- like veterans of WWI, whose average the GI Bill. hold the honor and glory of the nation length of service had been 12 months, Dr. Elmer Ellis, former president of and to seek other challenges of service the ex-GIs of WWII had been out of the University of Missouri, noted, "It to God and country.

JUNE 1984 5 Here's how the Club Plan works: You'll get 4 books for How you save money: The Club offers its own com- rMUitary Book Club only 98c plus shipping and handling and your free plete hardbound editions (sometimes altered in size to

World War II maps-when accepted as a member. fit special presses). Club editions save you up to Dept. RR-152, Garden City, NY 11530 We 30% reserve the right to reiect any application. However, off publishers' hardcover edition prices. A shipping and Yes. please accept my membership application and send me the 4 once accepted, if you are not completely satisfied with handling charge is added to each shipment. books marked below plus my 2 tree WWII maps. Bill me only 98c, plus your introductory books, return them within 10 days at shipping and handling I agree to the Club plan presented in this ad. our expense Your membership will be cancelled and Club magazine: Enjoy the luxury of at-home shopping and understand that I need buy just 4 more books at regular low Club you will owe nothing. with your free Club magazine About every 4 weeks (14 prices any time I want during the next 2 years. times a year), you receive the Club magazine describing Our no-risk guarantee. When accepted as a member, you'll get your 4 Huge selection: As a Club member, you'll have over coming Selection(s) and Alternates. In addition, up to books tor only 98c plus shipping and handling If not satisfied, return 350 titles to choose f rom-a tremendous variety of the them within 10 days at our expense to cancel your membership and 4 times a year, you may receive offers of special Selec- very military in print. Many feature rarely owe nothing No matter what you decide, you keep your free maps. best books tions, always at discounts off publishers' prices. If you seen photos, illustrations and maps Many books are want the featured Selection(s), do nothing-shipment difficult to find anywhere else. will be made automatically. If you prefer an Alternate— or no book at all-indicate this on the order form and

return it by the date specified. You'll have at least 10 Mr. TWO days to decide. If you have less than 10 and you Mrs days, receive an unwanted Selection, you may return it at our Ms (please print) FULL COLOR expense and owe nothing. Address. _Apt No 24V2 "x 19" The choice is always yours: Your only obligation is to WWII MAPS take just 4 books at regular low Club prices during the City- next 2 years You may resign any time after purchasing your 4 books, or continue to enjoy Club membership for State. -Zip- as long as you like. Members accepted in U S A and Canada only Canadian members FREE serviced from Canada where offer is slightly different ii 67-M261 with membership fSoft cover 'Explicit sex, violence and/or language. —

DATELINE WASHINGTON

The most violent domestic terrorist organization, Webs- Crooks May Pay Victims ter said, is the Armed Forces for National Liberation Criminals soon may learn that doing time in prison isn't (FALN), which claims to fight for Puerto Rican independ- enough to right their wrongs. They may also find them- ence, although most Puerto Ricans disavow that claim. selves paying cold cash to their victims. The Reagan administration has sent legislation to Con- gress that, for the first time, would provide federal mone- Act To Hit Computer Crime tary assistance to citizens who have fallen prey to law- Thanks to the advent of home computers, individuals breakers. The aid would come from a Crime Victims now can gain access to computer networks once believed Assistance Fund, which would be established primarily impenetrable. Consequently, computer crime — including from money produced by fines levied on convicted federal unauthorized use of telephones, erroneous changes on defendants, including criminal antitrust and motor-vehicle credit cards, illegal electronic fund transfers and even violation fines, and from forfeited appearance bonds. Also, entry into defense-related networks — is rising. Losses in federal judges would be allowed to seize any sums that fel- the credit-card industry alone amounted to over $100 mil- ons might receive from selling their stories to the media. lion in 1983, about five times more than in 1980. The program is expected to distribute between $45 million Moreover, the problem is likely to increase sharply in the and $75 million annually. near future: current surveys indicate that over 5 million Part of the fund would be allocated to 38 states that al- desktop computers already are in use and that 80 million ready have victim-compensation laws; part also would go to are expected to be sold by 1990. victim-assistance programs currently operated by local gov- That's why Rep. William J. Hughes, D.-N.J., has intro- ernments and non-profit organizations. Crime victims also duced the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud would gain the right to appear at federal parole hearings to and Abuse Act of 1984. The bill, currently in committee, discuss the effect the crime had on their lives. would make such access illegal and would provide penalties for such violations. "These 'high-tech' criminals," Rep. Hughes said, "are one Terrorists Target America step ahead of the legal system. It's time that the legal sys- American diplomats and military personnel are the chief tem caught up." targets of terrorist groups overseas, says Robert M. Sayre, who runs the State Department's office combating ter- rorism. It's a problem that has been increasing steadily Toxic Arms Pose Dilemma over the past 15 years. If long-standing international agreements banning the Although domestic terrorist acts declined last year, 274 US use of toxic chemical and biological weapons aren't being diplomatic and military representatives abroad lost their lives respected — and evidence is mounting that they are not in terrorist attacks, principally in the truck-bomb assault on what can be expected of nuclear arms bans? That's the the Marines' Beirut headquarters last October. The total was situation facing the Reagan administration these days, as it higher than in all previous years combined, Sayre told Con- attempts to get the USSR back to the strategic arms gress recently. Altogether, terrorist incidents occurred in 85 negotiating table in Geneva, Switzerland. nations in 1983, but American interests, military and diplo- A toxic spray, "yellow rain," has been used in Afghanis- matic personnel were the prime targets. tan, Laos and Kampuchea during the past three years, and To protect overseas personnel, the US already is increasing Iraq has been accused of employing disabling gas in its war security at embassies and other stations, and is beginning a with Iran. All indications are that the source of these progam to help train anti-terrorist teams in friendly coun- weapons is the USSR. That is ample evidence, according to tries. Meanwhile, President Reagan has promised Congress a a recent unanimous Senate Resolution, that the prohibition series of measures to create a new US international anti- against chemical warfare has systematically been violated terrorism policy that is expected to provide for strike forces to by the Russians. Yet the USSR refuses, thus far, to ac- halt terrorism activities wherever they occur. knowledge that the weapons have been used at all, much In a related development, the FBI has created and less that they have been manufactured in Soviet Russia. trained a 50-member Hostage Rescue Team, the first of its kind, to thwart possible terrorist activities at the Olympic Games in Los Angeles this summer. The team will assem- ble on the West Coast, but will be prepared for immediate Quote of the Month action throughout the country. "How can this nation best use its military force? By The team will supplement 59 police SWAT (Special allowing the President to exercise his constitutional powers Weapons and Tactics) teams currently available throughout and then holding him accountable for his actions, not by the US. SWAT teams can be credited in part for the reduc- pre-empting his proper action by removing his powers." tion in the number of terrorist acts in the US last year, Adm. James D. Watkins FBI Director William H. Webster said. Chief of Naval Operations

JUNE 1984 7 SMOKERS . . . GUARANTEED: YOUR NEXT CIGARETTE WILL BE YOUR LAST — or your money back! NO CLASSES! NO EMBARRASSMENT! AND NOTHING COULD BE EASIER! If you ever wanted to stop smoking, but were afraid to try . . . If you ever tried, but couldn't make it. . .

If you want to stop right now . . . This is the amazing news you've been hoping for

Take a few minutes to read this now . . .It could change your life. YOU CAN STOP RIGHT NOW: You know what cigarettes are doing to your health. But now, new, confirmed evidence from the Surgeon General shows your smoking is harmful— even fatal— to vour loved ones and those close to you. That's why you should call it quits right now. With "CALL IT QUITS.™ A BREAKTHROUGH SO CERTAIN, WE CAN GUARANTEE IT - OR YOUR MONEY BACK. "CALL IT QUITS"™ is a scientific breakthrough — a totally new way to stop smoking immediately...

completely. And you do it without a special regimen and without attending special classes. If you're

ready to call it quits. "CALL IT QUITS"™ will make it possible now. "CALL IT QUITS"™ is simple to use. Every morning, just spray liberally in your mouth. You taste a clean, brisk peppermint flavor that freshens your breath. But when you have your first cigarette of the day, "CALL IT QUITS"™ goes to work. Its miracle ingredients react with the nicotine to make

you lose your desire to smoke. So much so that you'll put out that cigarette immediately. If, later

on, you decide to have another cigarette, "CALL IT QUITS"™ won't let you, its long lasting action

will last up to five full hours. Then, just spray again and your instant willpower is as close as your hand. IT WONT LOSE WILLPOWER WHEN YOU DO.

"CALL IT QUITS"™ won't change the taste of food and drink. In fact, you'll forget it's there until

you light up. . . then it's reactivated and continues to make you lose your desire to smoke until you

are finally free of your nicotine habit. It's as easy as that with "CALL IT QUITS."™ CONSUMER APPROVED.

More impressive is what satisfied customers have said, while on their way to a new, healthier life. "CALL IT QUITS"™ has given me a second chance. At last, a way to stop smoking that doesn't lecture you or make you feel embarrassed. " - Frank lssac, Palm Beach, Florida

"1 tried to stop lots oj times than I tried "CALL IT QUITS'" and this time it worked . . . and I did it on my own in just 20 days. Me

. . . with no willpower at all!" Robert Kiss, White Plains, NY DIAL 1-800-528-6050 Ext. 2207 FOR A HEALTHIER LIFE.

You can call it quits right now. Just send in the coupon below. Or to stop even faster, go to the phone and dial, and charge "CALL IT QUITS'"" to your Mastercard or Visa. All orders will be shipped within 4-6 weeks. LESS THAN 50c A DAY - LESS THAN THE COST OF A PACK OF CIGARETTES.

The cost, just $9.95 for a full 20-day supply. That's less than 50< a day, less than the cost of a pack of cigarettes. And it must work for you — we guarantee it — or you pay nothing. No matter, how long you've been smoking, no matter how many packs you smoke each day, no matter how many times you've tried to stop and failed. "CALL IT QUITS" will work. If, after twenty days, you haven't called it quits, just send us the unused portion, and we'll refund your money, no questions asked. We're that sure . . . and you can be, too. BESCO LABORATORY, INC., 535 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10017 CAN'T WAIT? BESCO LABORATORY, INC. FOR VISA & MASTERCHARGE OR YOUR MONEY 535 Fifth Avenue, Dept. RS-5737 CALL TO ORDER: BACK! 1 800-5286050 New York, New York 10017 1 Fxt 22(17v/ Please rush me your anti-smoking mouth spray to "CALL IT QUITS'" ' Today " X Answered 24 hours— days a week & Forever. I enclose my check or money order. N.Y. residents add 8 M% sales tax. 7 Name 1 Spray Bottle 20 day supply Address $9.95 plus $2.00 P&H TOTAL $11.95 City . 2 Spray Bottles State Zip. 40 day supply $17.95 plus $3.00 P&H Phone No. TOTAL $20.95 VISA M.C. ACCOUNT #. BESCO LABORATORY, INC. .Exp. date 535 Fifth Avenue, Dept. RS-5737 New York, New York 10017 Amount enclosed $ Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery COMMENTARY

3 Cheers For the Red, White and Blue

By Loren Harrington

It's merely a piece of cloth —more precisely, several pieces — sewn together out of virginal white, rose red, cobalt blue. From the manufac- turer's same bolts of fabric come awn- ings, or parachutes, or spinnakers.

But joined together . . . this certain way ... in this special combination ... it becomes something else. It stems from a heritage of having waved defiantly over the Battle of Bennington on the New York/Vermont border and Pork Chop Hill in Korea; from atop a 546-foot-high lump of vol- canic rock known as Mount Suribachi on an island known as Iwo Jima. It's

, flown over beaches as a brilliant signal of liberation to the oppressed: beaches like Omaha, Palermo, Tarawa. It's been a welcoming beacon to tired crews in tired aircraft, limping back to a little patch of foreign soil from places named Stuttgart, Tokyo, Hanoi. It's gone up into space, spreading the first rectangular shadow of its kind

across the moon's dusty surface . . . gone down through a spreading oil slick from the USS Arizona. It fluttered, grimly, over Hickam Field on Dec. 7,

1941 . . . and at half-staff, sadly, over the White House on Nov. 22, 1963. It's been to the Arctic and Antarctic and ing feet of political protesters during a Stars of David under which those dead most places in between including, Chicago convention in 1968. are buried. Changing through the briefly, a chunk of wind-swept desert in For a decade, not too long ago, some years as each new state has added its Iran and the warm-breezed sands of thought it unsophisticated, naive, not star— never changing as a symbol of Grenada. The list rolls on: Tripoli, Fort cool, to pay the proper respect owed purpose and resolve. A glowing por- McHenry, Fort Sumter, Vera Cruz, these colors. It was square to ponder, trait of freedom, equally, for those San Juan Hill, Belleau Wood, El Ala- to honor, what they represented. who would revere or defile it. mein, Corregidor, Suez, The Gulf of Even now, to some, they're just an in- So this June 14, this Flag Day— or Tonkin convenience to be tolerated as they Memorial Day, or Independence It's endured the Berlin Crisis, the rise at the beginning of a football Day— or even the next time you hap- Bay of Pigs and Watergate; waved game. Ironically, they seem more dear pen to glance up and see "Old Glory" proudly above the marching feet of to those who've sought their sheltered unfurled in the breeze, take just a soldiers as Paris was liberated in 1944, shores than to many born in their moment to really look at it, to and been desecrated under the trampl- shadow and nurtured by the freedoms weigh — good and bad — what we've they represent. endured and enjoyed as a nation over Loren Harrington is W. an insurance Your flag . . . my flag . . . our flag. the last two centuries. executive, editor and free-lance writer More blue than the sky it flies in, red Then ask yourself this simple ques- whose articles have appeared in sev- as the blood of those who've died to tion: "Under what other nation's flag eral national publications. protect it, white as the crosses and would I rather live?"

JUNE 1984 9 0, 1 .. — 2 , ,

FEET HURT ALL MY?! 0hfyJ4a^0/ideaJ4aJ^ Lanolin Foot Balm ; Makes them Feel Great! " GREASELESS LANOLIN FOOT BALM con- tains active ingredients formulated "just tor f/ feet". It is a soothing, greaseless, medi- — MY LOW cated cream created to provide last relief for burning, aching, tired feet. I

Lanolin Is the thick rich substance that acts as a natural protec- J tive coating on the surface of the wool fibers found on sheep. It | helps keep the fleece soft and luxuriant. Centuries ago Lanolin's g VITAMIN PRICES! natural skin-conditioning properties were discovered. A registered | They're so low they're hard to believe. And these are the power vitamins pharmacist, using his many years of experience, combined rich, | you want for the whole family! Count on professional quality per- natural lanolin with six other active ingredients to ease his own I and foot problems. His wife and friends used it and the word spread I sonal service, too. Send your order today while these low prices are rapidly The pharmacist called on Bob Lee one day and an arrange- ment was made so that Lee Nutrition could market LANOLIN FOOT I in force. BALM exclusively. Thousands of jars have been sold for $1 .49 I each— but act now and I will include GREASELESS LANOLIN J VITAMINS BY MAIL FROM LEE NUTRITION FOOT BALM free with your order.

|j FREE WITH EVERY ORDER SPECIAL OFFER from Bob Lee B982 J DOLOMITE Laboratory 100 Tablets 43* Check the box in the order blank and return it with an order for g TABLETS tested 1,000 for $1.79 400 UNIT COMPARE ANYWHERE any of the items in this ad and I'll include without charge GREASE- LESS LANOLIN FOOT BALM. I 100 for 1.59 This offer expires June 30, 1984 I VITAMIN P L-TRYPTOPHAN 500 MG. TABLETS CAPSULES 500 for 7.89 100 MG. TABLETS 30-4.75 60-8.00 LIMIT OFFER 1000 for 15.75 Neutramints 19 GR. 1200 MG 100-3.49 500-16.50 Herbal ONE OF ANY SIZE EXPIRES (ANTI-ACID) HI-POTENCY TO A FAMILY MAIL COUPON WITH ORDER Diuretic 6/30/84 TABLETS LECITHIN 100 A 49 100 1 25 100 j VITAMIN 9 Vital Minerals Tablets 09 I TABLETS I CAPSULES I SPECIAL OFFER from Bob Lee B982 500 for 5.99 500 for 5.49 500 for 4.95 Multi- A & D 500 MG. ^fe. COMPARE ANYWHERE BREWERS VITAMIN HIGH FIBER (5000 A, 400 D) Minerals YEAST A ioo 100 100 for 87* TABLETS BRAN J.Q0 QO0 VITAMIN ^^^^ 25,000 UNITS TABLETS Tablets 1 57 Tablets *70 withuuith RoseRnco HipsHinc C 7% GR. 500 MG 500 for 3.99 250 100 419 _ 500 for $1.95 100 RQ0 500 tablets $4.50 TABLETS I 57 FOR I Tablets ONE OF ANY SIZE EXPIRES 1000 for 7.59 TO A FAMILY 1000 for 1.99 500 for 4.75 500 for 2.99 6/30/84 MAIL COUPON WITH ORDER 500 MG. TABS Chelated GARLIC CHILDREN'S BEE POLLEN SUPER Amazing content of ZINC ORGANIC NATURAL 10 MG. OIL Tablets KELP natural life — vital CAPSULES NATURAL VITAMIN C TABLETS IRON TABS CHEWABLE TABLETS W,t" R°Se "ipS VITAMINS nutrients wonder food 100 AT FANTASTICALLY LOW PRICES of The Colony 100 «-» 7QC 100 100 Bee 0 CAPSULES I S7* QEtf too 149 A 25 Tablets Of* QUANTITY 100 MG 250 MG 500 MG 1,000 MG Tablets OS TABLETS | TABLETS 1 100 for 2.19 1000 for 3.49 500 for 3.19 c 1000 for 1.50 500 for 5.49 500 for 5.49 500 for 7.50 100 95 1.39 1.95 500 2.98 4.49 6.59 9.39 THE MOST WANTED POTENCY 100 for "KEY 4" TABS Vitamins for $2.89 KELP, VITAMIN B6, LECITHIN 1000 5.49 7.99 12.49 17.95 250 mg & CIDER VINEGAR HAIR Capsules 500 for $12.95 Highest Quality VITAMIN E CAPSULES OINSeNO CARE MONEY BACK GUARANTEE—HIGHEST QUALITY Only the low price Is different 98 Da? 3^ 6 SIZE 100 I.U 200 I.U. 400 I.U. 1,000 I.U »35 100 MG EACH OF B-1, B-2 B-6 0 2" Supply Supply $ NIACINAMIDE. CHOLINE 100 for 500 for 100-B T 3 79 100 98' 1.89 2.99 7.89 .on1 « _ .„ OSITOL. PANTOTHENIC ACI 00 PABA 100 MCG £ACH 0F B ' 12 COMPLEX $5 BIOTIN & FOLIC ACIO 500 4.85 8.99 14.69 37.98 Acidophilus DOLOMITE & BONE MEAL Therapeutic CAPSULES 1000 9.49 17.59 28.49 69.85 The ideal with Minerals 100 LIP BALM with L-LYSINE .|7q combination —same brand*'" CAPSULES I 100 DESICCATED COC potency and COO LIVER '/i oz. Tablets Oif ALFALFA LIVER $3.00 2 for $5.00 500 for 8.75 500 for 2.49 formula as TABLETS TABLETS OIL CAPS 100 Squibb's 7V3 Grain 100 OQC CAPSULES 88 BONE POTASSIUM L-LYSINE Theragran TABLETS OO* GLUCONATE TABLETS OSf* MEAL 500 mg HERBAL B-1 e for 3.99 595 MG M 500 for 1.55 1000 for 3.50 500 TABLETS LAXATIVE 500 MCG. too qcc 98 100 -198 100 AQ$ TABLETS 9«J Tablets 2 100 PRICES IN THIS AD GOOD TO JUNE 30, 1984 500 for $4.29 QC£ Tablets I Tablets fj^ Tablets OO* tabs 1 .95 for $7.99 for 1,000 300 for 6.48 500 for 9.49 1000 3.69 500 for 3.49 500 for 7.50 l*MAIL YOUR ORDER TO: MASTER CARD and VISA accepted on orders over $10.00 Lee Nutrition I Give card number and expiration HIGH POTENCY 2" 290 MAIN ST. date We reserve the right to "Natural 1 A dozen Supplements in ONE tablet limit quantities "S.O.D." CAMBRIDGE, MASS. 02142 | Super Oxide Dismutose VITAMIN B6 Brewer's Yeast, Lecithin. Alfalfa, Kelp, 250 for 1.85 Rose Hips, Whey, Papaya, Apple Pectin. TOTAL 2000 Unit Tablets 500 for 2.98 50 100 MG. Germ, Dolomite, Desiccated MG Wheat 1 nnn for 5 49 QUANTITY SIZE NAME OF PRODUCT PRICE 100 ' 00 cso5B Tablets Tablets Liver, Bone Meal. Tablets 4 Tablets 0 100 for 89« 100 for 1.49 50 500 for 3.98 250 for 3.65 HI-POTENCY fa°blets12 STRESS FORMULA Papaya 100 MCG VITAMIN High Potency B Complex & Vit. C Papain E Tablets Oigestant SELENIUM 100 4 95 250 *J89 Beauty Oil 100 TABS J TABS O 14.000 I.U. 225 Tablets OD* lor Vi fl. oz. $1.49 for for $9.95 500 $2.75 500 INDIVIDUAL B-VITAMIN Tablets Handling charge (Disregard if order exceeds $10.00) $1.00 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED TOTAL AMOUNT BALANCED 50 MG 100 for 500 lor 1,000 for 100 mg. VITAMIN B1 . $1.25 $5.50 $9.85 GREASELESS If this box and mail 50 mg. VITAMIN B2 . $1.25 $5.50 $9.85 you check LANOLIN B-COMPLEX 50 mg. NIACIN 85' $3.49 $5.50 your order before June 30, 1984 will in order FOOT BALM HI-POTENCY "LEE-PLEX 50 MG. 100 mg. NIACINAMIDE . $1.00 $3.85 $6.50 we include your FREE 400 meg. FOLIC ACID . 65« $2.85 $4.95 In 1 cap daily 50 mg. each of Vit B1. B2, B6. 100 65« $2.50 $4.35 Niacinamide; Pantothenic Acid. Choline, Inositol, 30 meg. B12 B982 $1.45 $6.50 $10.95 mg. Para-Aminobenzoic Acid. 50 meg each of B12, 300 meg. BIOTIN PRINT NAME $12.00 d-Biotin 100 meg. Folic Acid. 250 mg. CHOLINE $1.65 $6.95 250 mg. INOSITOL $3.75 $16.89 $29.75 ADDRESS APT. 5 1 79 69 59 100 mg. PANTO. ACID . $1.69 $5.75 $9.75 C a°ps 1 C a°p°s rj~ 1 2 100 mg. PABA $1.00 $4.50 $7.85 CITY STATE ZIP PERSPECTIVES

It's Time To Get Our Facts Straight On El Salvador

By Al Keller Jr. 2. US aid to El Salvador is money Past National Commander wasted. No, it's not. With minimal US help —just over $1 billion in Fiscal Years 1980 through 1984, or just 3 In mid-March, President Reagan in- percent of all US foreign aid — El Sal- vited Past Natl. Cdr. Al Keller Jr. to vador has made great progress. Eco- join the US team of observers for the nomic aid of $798.2 million has helped presidential election in El Salvador. the country meet critical import This is Keller's report. needs, finance its budget, pay for priority programs such as land reform, finance employment-generating proj- America faces a serious challenge ects and other needs, and pay for food. to its interests and the cause of US military aid of $269.5 million has freedom in Central America. Yet, helped the Salvadoran army buy arms, where decisiveness is called for, mas- ammunition and logistical support, and sive confusion prevails. train over 15,000 troops in a variety of Few Americans seem aware of the subjects including increased respect facts; few realize the importance of for human rights. As of last Dec. 31, "drawing a line" against aggression in 33 percent of US-trained troops and 90 Central America. And our enemies are percent of eligible noncommissioned using every tool they have to under- officers were re-enlisting, a major mine our efforts there. achievement in a nation under heavy Terrorists in El Salvador know that terrorist pressure. the quickest way to achieve their aims tral America.. The media, too, often The Salvadorans need our help, and is to persuade Congress and the Amer- compound the confusion by publishng the US has a moral responsibility to ican people that aid to El Salvador is a or airing inaccurate or unbalanced ar- respond to that need. bad idea. Terrorist leaders generally ticles or newscasts. 3. The US cannot afford to aid El contend: "We know that the Vietnam Democracy indeed is progressing in Salvador while we face unemployment War was won in Washington. We intend El Salvador. On March 25, 75 percent and budget deficits at home. Yes, we to do the same thing in El Salvador." of its eligible voters braved terrorists, can. What we truly cannot afford is to Despite significant headway being administrative snags and delays to miss the chance now to stop Com- made by the Salvadorans, this "disin- vote. The election seemed honest; no munism in its tracks in Central formation" campaign is succeeding. fraud was apparent. Most important, America. It makes more sense to Eleven US religious groups recently voters of all ages said they were vot- spend money now than to wait for big- demanded that Congress end all mili- ing because they want democracy, not ger problems later. If El Salvador tary aid to Central America and deal because they had to vote. falls, other Central American nations with the terrorists to halt "further Even so, criticism of US policy in El will be threatened, and the fall of one bloodshed" there. Salvador and Central America con- more nation will threaten US security Such opinions, combined with a lack tinues. I'm convinced this is so be- directly. To counter that would cost us of understanding and commitment cause too many Americans accept billions — and, possibly, American among members of Congress and the myth as fact. It's time to clear up lives as well. The real challenge is to general public, make it hard for the some of those myths: use our money well. US to maintain an effective bipartisan 1. It doesn't really matter who Our purpose in El Salvador is sim- policy supporting democracy in Cen- rules the "banana republics" of Cen- ple: to prevent the USSR from ex- tral America. Yes, it does. After 400 panding its military power and politi- Al Keller, county clerk years of stagnation, El Salvador is cal influence in our hemisphere. One of Kankakee County, beginning a determined effort to es- Cuba, we have told the world, is

III. , traveled to Cen- tablish true democracy. If it falls prey enough. So is one Nicaragua. tral America to wit- to Communism, which nation will be The hour is late. Countless ness the Salvadoran next — and what other country will freedom-loving Salvadorans are bet- elections at President believe that the US can help prevent a ting their lives on US help. We must Reagan's invitation. Communist takeover? not let them down.

JUNE 1984 1 1 CIA: Confronting "UndeclaredWar"

Guerrilla action, political upheaval, economic subversion and disinformation are among the many tactics being used against the Free World by the forces of international Communism. In this exclusive interview, America's intelligence chief, CIA Director William J. Casey, assesses how the US is faring in this battle.

Legion Magazine: Mr. Casey, what are the criti- Qa What's the main hope for countering these forces cal intelligence problems of the 1980s as you see them? around the world? Director Casey: First and foremost is the ever- - The CIA is the one worldwide force that can cope with growing military power of the Soviet Union. Second is the Ma the tactics practiced in this undeclared war. Other destabilization and subversion of countries around the countries have effective intelligence and security agencies. world by a combination of the Soviet Union and its Cuban, By working closely with them, by sharing information and Vietnamese, Ethiopian and Libyan proxies. Third are ter- technological capabilities, we have mounted an effective rorist activities that are increasingly sponsored by the worldwide counter-force. Hence, the KGB and its Communists and radical Arab states like Iran and Libya for auxiliaries — the East Europeans, the Cubans, the Viet- foreign policy purposes. Then, there's the deep unrest of all namese, the Nicaraguans — apply increasing amounts of those captive peoples under the Soviet yoke, like the Poles. manpower, money and subversive skills in an effort to de- The Arab states around the Mediterranean and the states stroy us and our capabilities. having proximity to the Persian Gulf present a hornet's

nest of intelligence problems. The list is lengthy. Qa How is this undeclared war going? _ I think we are doing better. Over the years, the Qa Is all this a scenario for eventual open conflict? Ma Communists were very successful in supporting - I'm afraid that too few people in a peaceful place like guerrilla action and destabilizing and overthrowing gov- Ma America understand the real nature of what's ernments. Communists came into control in Ethiopia, An- going on around the world. The hard fact is, we are con- gola, Nicaragua and, of course, in Cuba and Vietnam. In fronted with an undeclared war by the forces of interna- the past couple of years, however, they've been encounter- tional Communism as well as some radical Arab states. ing increasing resistance. People in these countries are less Terrorism has reached a stage where the distinction be- willing to take Communist oppression lying down. They are tween war and peace is often obscured. The Soviet Union's more aware of what the Communists are really up to, and

KGB is waging constant warfare against the US, using there is growing resistance to it. techniques of propaganda, disinformation and other so- called "active measures" such as stealing or otherwise im- Qa Much has been heard about the operations of the properly acquiring our best technology; destabilizing weak KGB and others in stealing our industrial secrets. governments; undermining trade and national economies, How damaging is this espionage work? and providing weapons and training to insurgents who seek - Soviet industrial espionage is a serious problem. to overthrow non-Communist governments. At the same Ma Through KGB operations, America ends up contribut- time, the Soviets seek to build an overwhelming military ing indirectly to the build-up, the accuracy and precision of power that can be used to intimidate others and make polit- Soviet weapons which, in effect, finds us competing with ical gains. our own technology. This has forced us to make budget-

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE busting appropriations to come up with more adequate de- fense forces. However, we now fully recognize the problem and are doing a better counter-espionage job. Last year well over 100 Soviet agents were arrested, kicked out or "Soviet espionage is a serious defected around the world, most of them engaged in steal- problem. Through KGB operations, ing technology. America ends up contributing Why do we tolerate all these agents within the US, indirectly to the build-up, accuracy disguised diplomatic personnel? including those as and precision of Soviet weapons - Well, we don't just tolerate them. The FBI is respon- M« sible for combatting Soviet espionage inside the US. which, in effect, finds us competing The Soviets certainly have more agents in this country than with our own technology" we have in theirs. We work very hard to put them out of business and are having a fairly good success rate. Yet, sometimes it is better to watch what they are doing for a while, to see what else is out there, instead of immediately grabbing and deporting them.

Q» How successful is the West in prying critical in- formation out of the USSR? - The reality we face is asymmetry in the availability of Mb information. In our open society anybody can get lots of information. Their society is closed and their data is closely held. That's the nature of the beast and it makes our job a lot tougher. On the other hand, openness in the US is the source of our vitality. Here, people can build, exchange and acquire knowledge without hindrance. The Soviets pay a steep price for their restricted freedom in the form of a deadening internal climate. But I'm sure they won't change their ways, so our task will remain challenging.

Qa How serious a threat is terrorism within the US? - Well, it's a very serious threat worldwide. It is clear A« that some countries have adopted terrorism as a cheap and inexpensive foreign policy weapon, and use it in assorted ways to create diplomatic upheaval. American dip- lomatic institutions have already suffered deeply from terrorism — as, for instance, in Lebanon— and I think that we will see more of it abroad and here in America.

Q» Is the CIA adequately equipped to deal with all these problems? - The CIA is a capable, hard-hitting organization. It #! was developed over 36 years ago by truly dedicated people. It is staffed today by people just as dedicated. There is a whole range of technical and security needs that can be handled only by the CIA— and, along with the mili- tary and other intelligence agencies making up the Ameri- can intelligence community, we do have the people capable of gathering and analyzing the information needed by our policymakers in Washington.

William J. Casey, who served in the OSS in WWII, is a former chairman of the Securities & Exchange Commission and the Export-Import Bank. He was named CIA director in 1981.

JUNE 1984

© SYGMA CIA

Qa Any particular areas which need strengthening? Qa Why did the CIA lose that support in the '70s? _ Of course. Intelligence is by no means a perfect sci- - Support was lost in the '70s because there was a lot of Aa ence. In the '70s the intelligence budget was cut Aa misinformation put out about misconduct in some 40 percent, and numbers of people reduced by 50 per- intelligence activities. With few exceptions, those allega- cent. Now, we're rebuilding our capabilities. Advanced tions turned out to be false. Yet, while the charges would technical systems have given us the ability to get a lot of appear on the front pages of newspapers, the corrections or information that we couldn't before, and we get information denials would appear on the back pages. These charges also faster and in larger quantities. The problem, increasingly, became political issues, and news people and others were is being able to process the information — to analyze it so tempted to sensationalize them. Now all that has finally that people can understand and use it. To cope with this died down. We reached a turning point when responsible enormous intake, we've hired many computer and informa- members of Congress took pains to set the record straight tion experts. and to develop an oversight process that restored In this connection, I might mention that the CIA is not confidence in the way the CIA operates. Then the present looking for spies; we're looking for patriots, friends and administration came in and showed that it valued and sup- supporters — for people who understand the endless differ- ported sound intelligence activities. All this had the effect ence between human freedom and totalitarianism and who of rebuilding internal morale, and we've really been on the are willing to put themselves on the line for the things we upswing ever since. in America believe in. Qa Mr. Casey, what about leaks of intelligence on Qa What roles do you carry out as head of our overall what the CIA is doing, particularly through Freedom intelligence community? of Information Act requests: Is this a problem and, if _ I wear three hats. First, I am the President's principal so, what should be done about it? Ma intelligence adviser. I'm also charged with coordinat- _ The publicizing of secret and classified information is ing the intelligence community, which includes CIA, the Aa highly damaging. It's damaging to the tremendous ef- Department of State, Defense, Treasury, Energy and the fort that goes into getting people to help us around the FBI; that is, the nation's whole intelligence apparatus, in- world. The Freedom of Information Act makes people cluding military intelligence and specialized activities. And abroad wonder whether we can protect their anonymity if thirdly, I head the CIA itself. For the most part, the var- they agree to help us. We need relief from that burden so ious components of the intelligence community work to- we can regain their confidence and restore the capabilities gether. Having access to all areas of intelligence lets us we had before. develop a more thorough assessment of facts. Qa What kind of relief? _ A bill is before Congress that would make our opera- Aa tional files exempt from Freedom of Information Act requests. We can now withhold information that is classified, but we are required by the law to laboriously search our files anyway. This means using experienced case officers to make judgments as to the jeopardy we would be putting our operations and people in if we released the in- formation. That's a great waste of talent. At times as many as 4-to-5 percent of our best people are going over our op- erational files and searching— sometimes because of frivol- ous requests. If they were not tied up doing this, they would be out on the firing line developing intelligence, our real mission. Also, the fact that our operational files would no longer be subject to search and exposure would be of considerable comfort to those people who would otherwise work with us, but who are worried about their personal The CIA operates from this headquarters in Langley, Va. safety and whether we in this country can keep secrets.

Then, as a Cabinet officer, I get an insight into policy Qa Do the American people have adequate checks deliberations. This is very important in determining what is against the possibility of CIA misusing its powers, es- critical and what we must focus on in producing the most pecially in covert operations? relevant intelligence. - There's an oversight process that is carefully and dili- Aa gently exercised by the Congress and it works to as- Qa Do you have any problems in getting support from sure that the things we undertake are reported to our the White House and Congress? oversight committees and subject to their scrutiny. I think - No. We have received strong support from both this that's the best protection of all. It's certainly better than Ma administration and from Congress. We have had con- hoping to piece information together from old documents on siderable increases in our budget and other resources, events long past that come from FOIA requests. which is essential to our rebuilding effort. Continued on page 37

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a

TheWartime

t a WWII prss ters in Washington went to work creat- conference, ing new gadgets and techniques for reporter asked Pres- sabotaging the enemy war effort. This ident Franklin D. equipment ranged from sophisticated Roosevelt, "Mr. Pres- OSS communications to the first plastic ex- ident, is Bill Donovan's plosive, which was called "Aunt work still a secret?" By Richard Dunlop Jemima," because it could be safely "Oh my, yes," replied baked into pancakes if necessary. Roosevelt. "Heavens, The OSS Morale Operations Branch he operates all over Wild Bill" Donovan, carried out undercover psychological the world." warfare to confuse the enemy and In June 1941, six months before a WWI hero and break his power to resist. Donovan set Pearl Harbor, FDR called Donovan to researchers to work in business, uni- the White House and asked him to set Legion Founder, put versity and governmental archives up America's first central intelligence digging out information and photo- first organization. Donovan had served together the US graphs that would help illuminate the Presidents since 1919, when President intelligence unit, the theaters of war. He assembled what Woodrow Wilson sent him to Siberia to was called "Donovan's Brain Trust," discover what was going on in the forerunner of today's the best academic and analytical ex- Russian civil war. perts in America, in the Research and During the 1920s and '30s, he virtu- modern CIA. Analysis branch. Their task was to ex- ally was a one-man intelligence ser- plore political and economic aspects of vice. As the tragic events in Europe a result, the OSS learned in advance the war around the world. and the Pacific led to war, he took on about the development of German jet Sir William Stephenson, known as missions of increasing importance. aircraft, the Nazi effort to develop a "Intrepid" in intelligence circles, Roosevelt called him "my secret legs." nuclear weapon, secrets of the V-ls and commented that the OSS R&A Branch Donovan, the most highly decorated V-2s and the plot against Hitler. was "the most brilliant team of hero of WWI, a Founder of The Ameri- While the OSS sought strategic in- analysts in the history of intelligence." can Legion and a prominent political telligence all over the world, it also Donovan built a wartime intelli- leader, carried on the secret life of a parachuted agents behind enemy lines gence organization of 25,000. The OSS master spy. He drafted plans for what to glean tactical information in combat made a vast contribution to the win- became the Office of Strategic Services. areas. Donovan organized guerrillas in ning of WWII, but it was dissolved in "Bill Donovan conceived the OSS as Europe and Asia to wreck enemy lines 1945 by President Harry S. Truman, a worldwide intelligence organization of communication and supply and to tie who did not realize the key role that a that could collect the facts necessary down troops that otherwise might central intelligence agency would play to develop our policy and war strat- have been used at the front. in safeguarding peace in the turbulent egy," said Allen Dulles, a key Dono- A technical group at OSS headquar- postwar period. Nonetheless, Dono- van lieutenant, who after the war be- van's wartime OSS was the forerunner came the first director of the CIA. "He of the CIA, and Donovan helped to was convinced that Axis secrets were draft the legislation that created to- to be found not only in Berlin, Rome day's Central Intelligence Agency. and Tokyo, but also in other capitals Several CIA directors, including and outposts around the world." William Casey, were in the OSS. Moles, whom Donovan had carefully Just within the main entrance of nurtured in the 1920s and '30s, were CIA headquarters hangs a painting of highly placed in the German and Italian William J. "Wild Bill" Donovan as a governments. Other agents infiltrated tribute to the man who, throughout the German High Command and the the intelligence community, is ac- Abwehr, the German secret service. As knowledged to be, "the father of American intelligence." An OSS veteran of WWII, Richard Dunlop is a free-lance writer who has Founder of the OSS was W. J. "Wild written extensively about William Bill" Donovan, seen here in a portrait Donovan and the OSS. that hangs in CIA headquarters.

JUNE 1984 15 TERR ANCFP OF CIVILIZATION

By Robert E. Hunter and Robert H. Kupperman

Terrorism is impersonal, senseless new security restrictions governing and deadly. access to the US Capitol, previously Terrorists strike unexpectedly in the most public building in America. their undeclared wars, and they do so The 1984 Olympics will be in Los with indifference to human life, their Angeles this summer, perhaps the own included. Last year, there were most visible and tempting terrorist 746 incidents of terrorism throughout target of the year. Security will be in- the world. creased in an effort to avoid a repeat Once flie domain Even in the US, once viewed as rel- of the 1972 Munich tragedy. of fanatic few, atively free of terrorist activities, We have become inured to news of a there were 30 known terrorist inci- terrorist activities. Hardly a day terrorism today dents in 1983. Americans have become passes without an incident occurring acutely aware that terrorism is not somewhere in the world: some 3,600 is viewed by limited to Europe and the Third incidents from 1977 through May 1983. World; a recent Justice Department No country or individual is im- some notions as survey of crimes most feared by mune—not even the Pope. Americans showed that terrorism Until recently, the US largely an instrument of topped the list of "ordinary" crimes. viewed terrorist activities abroad with national policy— There is good reason: shocked detachment, save for the late • In April 1983, terrorists in 1960s when groups like the Wea- one increasingly Lebanon blew up the American thermen made attacks here. Now, we Embassy, killing 47 people, including are direct targets of attack, primarily being aimed at 17 Americans. from foreign sources. • In October, a yellow Mercedes- In fact, we have long been direct the US Benz truck, carrying the equivalent of targets of attack, because attacks have six tons of TNT, crashed into US been primarily against Americans headquarters at Beirut Airport. The abroad. During the past decade, more explosion killed 241 US Marines and than half of all known terrorist inci- other servicemen and wounded more dents in the world have involved US than 100. FBI experts later called this individuals and facilities. Attacks on the largest non-nuclear explosion they US military targets increased from 34 had ever investigated. in 1980 to 57 in 1981 and to 67 in 1982. • In December, a bomb exploded The 1979 seizure of the American next to the Senate chamber in Wash- embassy in Teheran seemed to many ington. Although no injuries resulted, observers then to be an isolated event: the incident emphasized the need for the act of a leader we believed atypi- cal, whom we did not really take seri- Dr. Robert E. Hunter has been Direc- ously. Even the sieges of our embas- tor of European Studies at sies in Islamabad and Tripoli — each a Georgetown University's Center for hairbreadth from disaster—were vir- Strategic and International Studies tually forgotten when the Middle East since 1981. Dr. Robert H. Kupperman again quieted down. is Director for Science and Technology But these incidents — especially in and a CSIS Senior Associate. Iran — were something more. The

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE crisis demonstrated not only that the turn our chief strengths against us: our US is a visible target but a vulnerable traditions of fairness, restraint, the one, as well. America was diplo- openness of our news media and our matically and militarily unable to deal "International sophisticated economic and technologi- with terrorist actions in Iran for 444 terrorism is no cal base. Terrorism thrives in societies days. The result: no casualties among that refuse to allow the liberties of all the hostages, but a severe blow to longer confined to to be curtailed because of the criminal our prestige. actions of a few. By contrast, terrorism More recent threats against US random acts of is relatively ineffective in totalitarian government buildings — implicitly fanatical violence states like the USSR and the captive against the Commander-in-Chief nations of Eastern Europe, where it is himself—represent an assault on the . • .at home and simply crushed. foundations of our democratic society. abroad." Unfortunately, the news media un- Whether there actually was a truck intentionally contribute to terrorism. loaded with explosives ready to be Terrorists thrive when reports of their driven headlong at the White House or activities appear on television sets State Department is irrelevant: the same outrage. Fanaticism has become throughout the world. Also, one ter- threat itself (like that of a Libyan a cottage industry in the Middle East rorist act widely covered in the media "death squad" two years before) to a degree rarely seen even in that tends to beget another, as we saw in forced the President to retreat behind troubled part of the world. According Lebanon, where the bombing of US barricades, an affront to our principle to Brian Jenkins of the Rand Corp., servicemen followed the pattern of of a free and open government. "Americans tend to underestimate the earlier attacks, such as that on our All too clearly, international ter- power of religious commitment and embassy in Beirut. rorism is no longer confined to random turn to psychiatrists for explanations None of this is to fault the choices acts of fanatical violence. Increasingly, of abhorrent behavior." made by the media. Like it or not, the it has emerged as a tool to undermine The DoD Commission on the Beirut technology of television cannot be un- Western and moderate governments International Airport Terrorist Act invented: crises make news. To re- both at home and abroad. Whether recognized these facts when it called quire media not to report a terrorist used by radical subnational groups like for "an active national policy which incident would do the terrorists' work the PLO, by rogue nations like Iran seeks to deter attack or reduce its ef- for them by weakening our liberties. and Libya or by Soviet-supported fectiveness." With good reason. Nevertheless, terrorists do use the proxies, terrorism has become part of Like martial arts, terrorism seeks to Continued on page 46 the arsenal of low-intensity warfare. Terror has even gone on the confer- ence circuit, as witnessed by the pur- ported meeting late last year in Mexico City of many of the world's worst desperadoes. Training camps in countries like Libya take all comers. (Editor's note: For a complete listing of key terrorist groups, see "Who's Who In International Terrorism," page 50.) Until recently, however, most in- ternationally sponsored terrorism di- rected against Americans was cen- tered on targets abroad. There was little need to reach into the US to find a target. Our airport security is tight, and, in places like the Middle East, we were seen as the best hope of resolv- ing grievances. Now, much has changed. The Israeli invasion of Lebanon, originally in- tended to eliminate the PLO as a major terrorist threat, has led to divi- sion in the PLO's ranks and its disper- sal. But it did not end the PLO's role in terrorism against other targets in the Middle East and beyond. There now are so many other groups in the Middle East engaged in terrorism that they sometimes claim "credit" for the

Marines and civilians (right) burrow through the wreckage of Marine headquarters in Beirut following the terrorist bombing there in October 1983.

JUNE 1984 17 D-DAY PLUS 40 YEARS It was the greatest amphibious in- vasion in history. Here's how it went, in the words of men who lived it.

By Philip C. Clarke

Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor would the paratroopers of the 101st and 82nd like to find that small flask of Airborne Divisions who liberated the "good Irish whisky" he lost while town, the first in France, before dawn parachuting into Normandy with his on D-Day.

101st Airborne Division on D-Day. For other visiting veterans, it will Ernie Austin, of La Crosse, Wis., be a time for quiet reflection, and for would donate his old sergeant's stripes remembering wartime buddies who to be able to return to Pointe du Hoc, never made it home. the 100 foot cliff above Omaha Beach, But after all the speeches, marching that he and a handful of other Rangers bands and nostalgic reunions, it is somehow managed to climb under along the beaches — quiet now, save murderous enemy fire early on the for the sound of the waves and of chil- morning of June 6, 1944. dren at play — and among the grim, Navy cook Marvin Fretwell, of shell-shattered remnants of Hitler's Cocoa Beach, Fla., would look for a "impregnable" Atlantic Wall that the line of trees where he set up a galley most vivid memories of D-Day remain. for 2,000 of the invading GIs, just be- They remain for the liberators as well fore an exploding shell shattered his as for the liberated. hearing and claimed one of his legs. On a pre-anniversary visit to Nor- For Joe Kinsinger, of Mahanoy mandy, arranged by the French Gov-

City, Pa. , a forward artillery observer ernment Tourist Office and TWA for a with the 22nd Infantry, 4th Division, group of American journalists, I it would bring back D-Day memories talked with local residents about their to locate the road back of Utah Beach recollections of D-Day. Later, back in where he encountered Brig. Gen. the States, there were more inter- Theodore Roosevelt Jr., the 4th's views with American veterans. What deputy commander, chewing out a came out was a common bond of un- jeep driver for blocking the only de- derstanding and of deep friendship, tour around a disabled truck. born of shared experiences. Not all of the D-Day veterans will It would, of course, be impossible to be returning this year, of course. But convey more than a small fraction of a good many of the nearly 73,000 US the experiences and emotions of those servicemen who participated in that momentous days of 1944. But the "longest day" will be going back to re- words of some who lived through them trace their wartime steps and attend tell the story best. 40th anniversary commemorations Gen. Taylor won't be returning to throughout Normandy. They'll be Normandy this year; arthritis has among 1.5 million Americans expected slowed his pace. But he'll never forget to visit France in 1984. D-Day and how he landed, alone and For some of the returning veterans, separated from his troops, in the pre- it will be what Philippe Jutras calls "a dawn darkness. "It seemed like an last hurrah." The Massachusetts-born eternity before I managed to cut free veteran came back to Normandy in from my 'chute and make my way 1970 to marry the French girl he met along a hedgerow in search of my men. A portion of the 5,000-ship invasion there during the war and now lives in Suddenly, I heard footsteps. Was it a fleet can be seen in the view on these Ste. Mere-Eglise where he runs the GI or a German? I readied my weapon pages, as LSTs disgorged men and Airborne Museum. It's dedicated to and clicked my cricket (the toy-like vehicles onto Omaha Beach on D-Day. noisemaker carried by airborne troops Below, a French child places a rose on Philip C. Clarke, a long-time reporter for identification in darkness). Then, the grave of an unknown American and editor, traveled to Normandy, an answering click. We hugged each soldier in a cemetery overlooking one France, to research this article. other like long-lost friends and set out of the beaches in Normandy.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE to find the other Americans." howitzers — were found and de- strapped his pack and waded ashore. The lessons of D-Day? "If I had stroyed, not in their concrete em- "All I kept was my M-l and gas mask. been in command of Operation Over- placements but in a camouflaged apple After you hit shore you could pick up lord, I never would have put both Air- orchard about 800 yards inland. As all the guns and shells you wanted." bornes, the 101st and the 82nd, behind Austin recalls: "There were too few of Pfc. Paul Holliday, of Greensboro, Utah Beach. I would have dropped us left to do much more." Of the 225 N.C., was at? the wheel of a jeep with one of the divisions behind Omaha Rangers who started out, 135 had two officers and a war correspondent Beach where our troops needed all the been killed or captured. Most of the when a landing craft dropped them off help they could get." remaining 90 men, including Austin, about 100 yards off Utah Beach. "The Twenty years ago, Gen. Taylor re- water was up over the jeep's hood. We visited Ste. Mere-Eglise. At cere- made it. But the Germans were shell- monies inaugurating the town's para- ing the beach. Artillery rounds were chute-shaped Airborne Museum, Gen. "Along the beaches- hitting all around us. We would stop, Taylor expressed regret for wartime jump out and crawl under the jeep and damage to the picturesque village and quiet now—the vivid hug the sand while the shells landed. its environs. "The people," he said, memories remain." It was wham, wham, wham!" "certainly made me understand it was Holliday returned to Normandy last well worth the price." summer and walked for miles along Of the troops that stormed Omaha the beach. His thoughts were of Beach, none paid a higher price than had received lesser wounds. Thinking D-Day and of the two bulldozer oper- men of the 2nd Ranger Battalion. Sgt. back, Austin says: "War has a tend- ators he had seen clearing away ob- Austin, of F Company, remembers ency to bring people together, but it's stacles on the beach so reinforcements climbing up the sheer cliff at a hell of a way to do it." could land. "Other GIs were trying to Pointe-du-Hoc, using grappling hooks, Another veteran of Omaha Beach, make it to safety, but the bulldozer fire ladders "and anything else we 79-year-old Marvin Fretwell, a Navy men stayed with their machines. Both could grab onto. But there was no cook, believes many GIs were lost be- of them were killed by shellfire." other way. We were told that the cause of "someone's big mistake in or- Of all the lasting impressions of enemy had its biggest guns at the top dering everyone into the surf with a D-Day, the most common one is of the and that they could tear up everything full pack." Recalls Fretwell: "If you mass confusion. on the beaches and well out to sea. waded into a shell hole, the weight of W. W. "Wally" Vensel of McKees- They had to be knocked out before the your pack made your feet go out from port, Pa., then a 26-year-old boat- ships and troops could go in." under. A lot of our men drowned." swain's mate, USNR, aboard LST-980, The German guns — six 155mm Disregarding orders, Fretwell un- Continued on page 43

JUNE 1984 19 D-DAY Home Front

The news of the Normandy landings came when most of the US was in bed. When they heard it, Americans re- acted in moving and compelling ways.

By Lester David

i

Havre to

That Tuesday morning, a swaying railroad train be- came a house of worship. The remarkable scene, one of many hundreds of little dramas played out on the home front, unfolded on the afternoon express speeding from wartime Washington to New York City. At Philadelphia, passengers in a forward coach heard the electrifying news from others who had come aboard: "The invasion is on!" There were no joyous outbursts, only a sudden quiet that replaced the usual conversational hum. After a moment, a man in uniform called out: "Is there a clergyman on the train?"

Lester David, author of 12 books and numerous articles on WWII, is a frequent contributor to this magazine. ( 20 An elderly priest was discovered in America's wartime leader, Franklin the next car. As dozens of people from D. Roosevelt, also prayed, first alone other parts of the train crowded in, he and then before the entire nation. stood in front of the coach and prayed Roosevelt had gone to the home of for the success of the mighty drive. "Drading on the New his military aide, Maj. Gen. Edwin M. Men and women sat with bowed heads York Stock Exchange "Pa" Watson, in Charlottesville, Va., and many sank to their knees in the on Saturday morning, taking with him aisles as he spoke. While the long train stopped as brokers the Book of Common Prayer. He knew was pulling into Trenton, several bowed their heads." the invasion had been set for late Sun- hundred voices were ringing out in day and was on edge all weekend. His glorious hymns of praise to God. tension increased when a call came The incident dramatizes the mood of from the War Department that the nation on D-Day, June 6, 1944— 40 rainstorms and 45 mph winds had years ago. There were no celebrations, fully maneuvered around her. In forced Gen. Eisenhower, the Supreme few spontaneous eruptions of enthusi- Covington, Ky., bus drivers reported Allied Commander, to postpone the asm, certainly no parades or parties. that dozens of women recited their landing 24 hours. Rather, a deep solemnity descended rosaries as they rode to jobs. FDR tried to mask his anxiety but on Americans from coast to coast as In jails, guards watched in as- his secretary, Grace Tully, was not the sudden realization hit home that tonishment as inmates fell to their fooled. "Every movement of his face the leap across the English Channel knees in exercise yards. One of the and hands reflected the tightly con- was only the initial step in a long cam- most vicious criminals at the state tained state of his nerves," she re- paign that would take a tragic toll in prison at Ossining, N.Y. (then known ported. While he waited, the Pres- blood and tears. as "Sing Sing") who was serving a life ident himself wrote a prayer, referring Paradoxically, US radio networks term, was seen weeping in his cell. frequently to the book he had brought. received their first report that D-Day Trading on the New York Stock Ex- On Monday morning, June 5, he re- had come by monitoring a German change stopped as brokers bowed turned to the White House, carrying radio broadcast that crackled over the their heads in silence for two minutes. the text of the prayer. He was awake air at 12:30 a.m. (Eastern War Time). At Union Station in Washington, most of Monday night, checking con- It wasn't until more than three hours D.C., Charles E. Wilson, then pres- stantly with the Pentagon and catch- later, at 3:32, that the news was ident of General Electric Co., wit- ing news reports on the radio. On confirmed by London radio. nessed what he later called an un- Tuesday morning, more than 200 Only six minutes later, again via forgettable occurrence. Like all other newspersons jamming the Oval Office London radio, Americans heard Gen. mornings, the cavernous waiting room for a press conference found him re- Dwight D. Eisenhower's message to was filled with commuters, many in laxed and optimistic, although he ad- his troops as he gave the order that uniform, who were pouring out of mitted that he was a little sleepy. The launched the greatest invasion in his- trains, lined up before ticket windows invasion, he said, was on schedule. tory. It began with the words that and waiting on the hard benches. That evening, at 10 p.m., the Pres- have taken their place among the Suddenly, as though a signal had ident led the nation in prayer in a great utterances of US commanders: been given, the hubbub ceased and a coast-to-coast hookup of all major "You are about to embark upon the hum raced through the throng. People Continued on page 38 ." 'Great Crusade' . . stopped and told each other: "The in-

At that time, only night workers, vasion's begun . . . they're landing in insomniacs and confirmed stay-ups Normandy." Wilson, on his way to con- tuned to radios knew of the invasion. ferences at the Pentagon, wrote in The vast majority did not hear until Guideposts, a religious publication, breakfast. Almost immediately, the that a hush then descended over the urge to pray swept over people in entire station and "a stream of sun- cities, in small villages and on farms. light fell into the waiting room as it Men and women, many carrying does in a cathedral." lunch boxes and wearing work clothes, As though it were a sign, a woman went to houses of worship before knelt on the concrete, followed by an- punching time clocks. In New York other commuter and then by many City, where the oppressive heat of the others until all around the vast room day before had broken to a moderate people were on their knees, hands 60 degrees, more than 1,500 persons folded and lips moving in prayer. Sev- were kneeling before 7 a.m. in the eral minutes later, they rose. The great nave of St. Patrick's Cathedral. sudden silence was broken. The crowd Before the day ended, 10,000 persons went about its business. streamed in. By 6 a.m., church bells had begun Chicago Mayor Edward J. Kelly ap- pealing all across the country. In pealed to churches of all denomina- Philadelphia, the officials entrusted tions to remain open from noon to 1 with the care of the 2,080-pound Lib- p.m. for prayer, and all complied. erty Bell, which had announced the Many people felt no need for formal adoption of the Declaration of Inde- surroundings to offer prayers. On a pendence, decided to strike it lightly. On D-Day, Philadelphia Mayor large farm near Topeka, Kan., a dozen The tones of the sacred bell, which Bernard Samuels (above) tapped the workers left their tractors chugging in cracked in 1835, were broadcast to the Liberty Bell gently seven times, each the fields and knelt in the brown dirt. nation by radio. The last time that it tap representing a letter in the word In Detroit, a woman fell to her knees previously had been rung was on April "Liberty." The tones of the bell were in the middle of busy Woodward Ave. 6, 1917, when the US declared war on broadcast to millions of Americans and motorists, understanding, care- Germany. throughout the country by radio.

JUNE 1984 21 BIG ISSUES

Should Congress Tighten The Immigration Laws?

Sen. Alan K. Simpson, R-Wyo. Rep. Edward R. Roybal, D-Calif.

Current immigration There is certainly no doubt laws have allowed an il- that the American people legal population of be- YES want immigration reform. tween 3.5 and 6 million people to come The Simpson-Mazzoli immigration bill to our country. The presence of illegal, would not, however, provide the reform undocumented aliens depresses the which the nation's immigration policy wages and working conditions of US res- requires and would result only in an un- idents, encourages the flouting of other successful effort to control millions. laws and makes a mockery of our first duty as a sovereign The legislation could not be enforced without spending nation: to control our own borders. millions or possibly billions of dollars.

I have twice introduced and the Senate has passed the Within the bill is a glaring contradiction. While it calls for Immigration Reform and Control Act. This legislation imposition of employer sanctions in an effort to halt the would control illegal immigration by removing the influx of illegal workers into the country, it also allows for incentive —jobs — that brings illegal aliens to this country. importation of foreign labor. Up to 4.5 million workers It would do this by making it illegal to hire an illegal alien, could be brought into the US without so much as a medical and by penalizing employers who knowingly hire such examination to work as seasonal laborers. aliens. In addition to "employer sanctions," the bill requires The legislation would create a practice of racial discrimi- a secure worker verification system. It will utilize existing nation whereby employers would be forced to determine documents for the first three years, but, perhaps, move to the nationality of those under their employ, a determina- a more secure system, such as a revised Social Security tion which would harm those of foreign appearance much card. It will not create a "national ID card." more severely than the general population. Placing a

Finally, the bill would increase enforcement of existing stigma upon millions of American citizens is an unaccept- immigration laws, both at the border and internally. We set able solution to the problem of illegal immigration. a three-pronged effort to control illegal immigration: em- More dangerously, the bill would create a national iden- ployer sanctions, a worker verification system and in- tification system. Such a system certainly would lead to the creased enforcement of existing laws. harassment of millions of citizens and ultimately the viola- In addition, the bill would "legalize" those persons who tion of the rights and civil liberties of every American. have entered the US before Jan. 1, 1980. It does not award What isn't in the bill also provides reason for opposition. them "citizenship." This is not the kind of an "amnesty" To view the problem of illegal immigration as strictly a that was granted to those who avoided military service domestic concern is too narrow. The countries of origin and and, indeed, it is not the intent to reward illegal behavior. the causes of emigration from those countries must be

If we could not find these people coming in, how are we to taken into consideration if there is ever to be a workable find them to get them out? solution to the problem. Americans know that legal immigration is one of our Such true reform must also include increased funding for strongest and proudest traditions. I have no desire to the Immigration and Naturalization Service — an agency change that. We must close the back door to illegal immi- which is now understaffed and routinely requires those who gration in order to keep the front door always open. seek an adjustment of their status to wait in lines several The American public must be able to support our nation's blocks long. immigration policy. Many polls have shown that 90 percent By removing the bill from consideration the Speaker has of the public desires immigration reform, that nearly 80 provided the opportunity to draft true immigration reform percent would favor employer sanctions and that from 65 to by calling for a bill that answers the nation's desire for 75 percent of Hispanic Americans support such a program. immigration legislation reform.

The will of the American public is clear. As a "nation of America needs an immigration policy that is firm, but it immigrants," there is no current issue closer to our hearts cannot have such a policy at the cost of fairness. We need and to our heritage. legislation that is both firm and fair.

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The GI Bill Of Rights

How the GI Bill came to be The bomb burst Feb. 16, 1944. the letter, to see what could be done. Midway in The American conceived, written and "It cannot be said today," Camelon Legion's struggle to persuade Con- enacted is a dramatic story later wrote, "that the VFW members gress that veterans returning from of Legion perseverance and generally agreed with their leadership WWII deserved more than a pat on achievement. . . . Not only did individual VFW mem- the back, four other veterans' organ- bers continue to support the GI Bill and izations delivered an open letter to keep us advised, but Rep. Pat Kearney every member of Congress. of the GI Bill, had just returned from [D.-N.Y.], who was both a Legionnaire "All that glitters is not gold," said a conference with Sen. Bennett C. and a Past National Commander of the the letter, which bore the signatures of Clark, D.-Mo., a Legion Founder, who VFW, worked intimately with the officials of the Veterans of Foreign had introduced the GI Bill into the Legion on the internal political dilem- Wars, the Disabled American Veterans, Senate and was one of its staunchest mas the bill faced in Congress." the Military Order of the Purple Heart advocates. The letter from the four At length, after Camelon met with and the Regular Veterans Association. other veterans' organizations had been the VFWs Ketchum and that organ- "Pressure is being brought to bear addressed to him, although copies ization's legislative committee, and on the Congress to force immediate were sent to every other member of after the VFW recognized the sound- enactment of the so-called GI Bill of Congress as well. ness of the Legion position, it was

Rights . . . there is a serious question "The letter is embarrassing to our persuaded to withdraw its opposition in the minds of some veterans' groups friends in Congress," Stelle told the to the bill. as to whether this [bill] is a sound and committee. "The letter can't beat the The DAV, however, was adamant. equitable solution to the problems and GI Bill. But Sen. Clark has asked me On Feb. 22, Rice wrote another letter, needs of World War II veterans . . . to get those other organizations off his this one to Sen. Walter F. George, "Certain features of the Bill, notably neck, if we can. They offer a wonder- D.-Ga., chairman of the Senate Fi- the Title on Educational Aid, are so ful excuse for some other members of nance Committee. Renewing the broad in scope and potential cost that Congress to oppose the bill." DAV's attack, Rice criticized unem- its enactment would, in our opinion, At length, Stelle authorized an ployment compensation provisions of probably not prevent any considera- emissary —newsman David Camelon, the GI Bill, which provided $20 a week tion of several other more equitable a Hearst reporter, who although not a for a maximum of 52 weeks for any measures, but might also subsequently Legionnaire was covering the fight for veteran who, while looking for work, jeopardize the entire structure of vet- the GI Bill — to contact Omar B. couldn't find it. erans benefits and provoke another Ketchum of the VFW and Millard Rice The Legion — and Sen. George, who

Economy Act . . . of the DAV, both of whom had signed had co-sponsored the bill in the "The undersigned representatives of Senate — were amazed by Rice's view national veterans organizations repre- that veterans would abuse "52-20," as senting some 555,000 members . . . this benefit was nicknamed. Harry W. urge [you] . . . not to be stampeded Colmery (Kan.), a Past. Natl. Cdr. of into possibly unwise legislation. the Legion and the man who wrote the "Let us not have another example of first draft of the GI Bill, saw the prob- " 'act in haste and repent at leisure.' lem differently. He warned that Rice The Legion's special GI Bill Com- and others who opposed 52-20 might mittee, formed some months earlier, make bums out of veterans by denying reacted immediately. Chairman John them the chance to make a fresh start. Stelle, a former governor of Illinois The idea that produced the GI Bill and the Legion's prime mover in the first saw daylight almost five months effort to secure congressional approval earlier, when the Legion's 25th Na-

President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the GI Bill of Rights into law on June 22, 19U, signaling the successful culmination of nine months of intense Legion activity on behalf of WWII veterans. molding and selling the combination for improvement and prosperity. GI Bill bill to Congress. The bill's title, though, was too much After six weeks of intense and oc- of a mouthful to be memorable. Mulling casionally dramatic effort, Congress the need for a catchy substitute, Jack tional Convention had met in Omaha, indeed did pass a mustering-out pay Cejnar, acting Public Relations Direc- Neb., Sept. 21-23, 1943. Recalling the bill, although with a much lower tor, thought aloud. Then his eyes reception accorded doughboys return- amount than the Legion wanted. lighted up. "The GI Bill of Rights!" he ing from WWI, the delegates adopted Meanwhile, Stelle's committee met in cried. So it was — and so it remains. dozens of Resolutions urging Congress Washington Dec. 15, and discussed From then until Congress's return to provide WWII veterans wide- ways of combining the numerous Legion in early January, the Stelle committee ranging assistance to cushion their mandates into a single bill. Finally, conferred with authorities in every transition to civilian life. They also committee member Colmery walked field covered by the bill. Education authorized the new National Com- from the Legion's Washington office to groups contributed to the bill's educa- mander, Warren Atherton (Calif.), to Suite 570 at The Mayflower Hotel, tional provisions; bankers and real- name a special committee to develop closed the door and sat down to write. estate groups were consulted on loans; an overall program. No one alive today knows exactly employment agencies contributed to Soon after the convention, Atherton when Colmery entered the room, nor titles on job placement and unem- conferred with Francis M. Sullivan, how long it took him to write — in long- ployment benefits. acting Legislative Director in Wash- hand, on hotel stationery — the first ington, on how to present the Legion draft of what would be introduced as Still, many "experts" said, such an mandates to Congress. "The Servicemen's Readjustment Act "omnibus bill" might be lost in con- Sullivan's report was sobering. The of 1944." gressional jealousies and jurisdictional US was heavily engaged in Italy and the Virtually every American alive to- strife. Instead, they suggested, the South Pacific, and victory was not as- day, however, knows what Colmery Legion should submit its program in sured. Congress accordingly was think- wrote. He emerged with a sheaf of pa- bits and pieces. But the Legion had no ing "war," not "veteran," even though pers calling for: intention of doing so. It had vowed to thousands already had been discharged, • Educational opportunities. address the problem of returning veter-

often in shocking condition and terrible • Vocational and on-the-job training. ans as a whole, and it stuck to its guns. need. Also, many bills to implement • Readjustment allowances. The GI Bill was introduced into the Legion goals already had been intro- • Loan guarantees to help veterans Senate on Jan. 10, 1944, by Sen. duced; if they all didn't go to the House buy homes, farms or small businesses. Clark, and nine other sponsors. The and Senate veterans committees as a • Review of discharges. next day, it was introduced into the package, some would die, some would • Adequate hospitalization. House by Reps. John Rankin, D.- be altered and some might be rewritten • Prompt settlement of claims. Miss., and Edith N. Rogers, R.-Mass. so as to conflict with others. • Mustering-out pay (eliminated Simultaneously, the Legion launched a after its separate enactment). nationwide publicity campaign, calling Worst of all, Sullivan said, even • Effective employment or place- on every Legionnaire to support the if most of the bills survived, ment service. bill. A chart went up in the Washing- different agencies might administer • Concentration of all veterans ton office to show where every Con- them, recreating the situation that led functions in the VA, and VA priority in gressman stood; when doubtful votes to the VA's creation after WWI. hiring personnel it needed to function. were detected, the Legion wired ap- A single measure was needed, In many respects, Colmery's bill propriate Departments, asking local Atherton realized. But the immediate was revolutionary. Never before had forces to direct a flood of public opin- need was for mustering-out pay: cash any nation assured its veterans such ion at the hesitant legislator. for disabled veterans, hundreds of comprehensive rehabilitation. Never Throughout this and subsequent whom were being released weekly had any nation restored its soldiers to Legion efforts to garner support for with scarcely a cent. a position comparable to those who On Nov. 30, Atherton named a spe- had not served. Never had a nation of- cial committee headed by Stelle to or- fered its veterans such opportunities ganize all the other measures the Legion sought. From then on, he de- voted his time to securing mustering- out pay for veterans, while Stelle's committee focused exclusively on

Key figures in the Legion's effort to secure passage of the GI Bill in 19Uh included (from left) Lyon W. Brandon (Miss.); Francis Sullivan, acting legislative director; Past Nat'l. Cdr. Roane Waring (Tenn.): Past Nat'l. Cdr. John Stelle (III.); Rep. John Gibson, D.-Ga.; David Camelon, Hearst News Service; Past Nat'l. Cdr. Harry W. Colmery (Kan.); Sam Rorex (Ark.); Jack Cejnar, acting Legion publicity director; Pat Kelley (Ga.); T. 0. Kraabel, national rehabilitation director, and Frank Riley, Hearst News Service. — .

AN Cm LETTER TOl the GI Bill, members of The American Recognizing the Legion's stature, Senator Bennett C. Clark, CtelxMn, Legion Auxiliary performed yeoman the military representatives yielded. Veterans' Sub-Goenlttee to Senate Finance Committee, service in handling many administra- From then on, the War and Navy De- Senate Office Building, Washington, n. C. in tive details quickly and efficiently, partments unreservedly backed the Dear Senator Clark: communicating their views to senators GI bill. Everything that glitters Is i necessarily gold', Pressure Is being brought to beer on the Congreee to and representatives and in securing On March 13, Sen. Clark introduced force Imediete enactment of the so-called C-I gilt of Bights for the returning service men end women of World wer 11, Identified the assistance of their friends and a revised version of the bill, incor- es s. 1617, with emendmento, nov before your Committee. of Tour Coraslttea and the Congress nay be Intarastad to neighbors. Without the Auxiliary's porating some the changes know that there Is a serious question la the mlndo of eons vet- eran grouse as to whether this so-called C— 1 Bill of Rtghte, In help, the GI Bill might never have suggested since its original introduc- Its entirety, le a sound and equitable eolutlon to the problems and neede of World war II veterans. Certain feeturcs of the bill, come to be. tion in January. It was unanimously notebly the Title on Educetlonat Aid, are so broad in scope and potential cost, that tte enactment would, in our opinion, probably Other support mobilized. Gen. approved in committee and called up not only prevent any conelderaclon of eeveral other aore equitable propesels to solve such problems, but. might also eubsequently T. Hines, administrator, to the Senate floor with 81 co- Jeopardies the entire structure of veteran benefits end provoke Frank VA another Econoay Act gave his approval; Dr. George F. sponsors; its passage was assured be- Our nation's first responsibility should b« to those who have suffered physical and/or mental handicap by reason of mili- Zook, representing 22 education fore it reached the floor. The Senate tary or naval eervlce. Any leglelatlon which grante entitlement to four yeers of college training at government expenee to eny able- groups, testified in the bill's behalf be- vote was unanimous; House passage bodied veterea who had ninety daya service should be carefully examined in the light of our tremendoue war debt and the ablllcy fore a Senate Finance subcommittee. seemed imminent. of the nation adequately to care for Its war dtsabled. The undersigned repreaantetlvee of national veteran organ- Throughout the country, public and isations, embracing eome SSO.000 members, ooet of whom have had, or are having, combat eervlce—many with combat diaabllltiea—nrge your Committee carefully to consider all proposals aa to post-war private groups of all kinds adopted weeks passed without action; veteran Yet adjustment & now before the Congress, and not to he stampeded Into hasty and poeslbly unwise legislation. resolutions calling for its passage. Rep. Rankin's committee was Let us not have another example of "act in baste and repent Yet powerful opposition also was sitting on the bill. Finally, Legion VETERANS 0> FOREIGN WARS forming. On March 9, after dealing Legislative Director Sullivan wired all with the situation caused by the other Departments asking for a new flood of veterans' organizations' open letter to public opinion urging the House to MIXITART ORDER OP PURPLE HEART REGULAR VETERAlfS aSflCCIATlOB Congress, Stelle invited repre- quit stalling. At last, the other mem- ffwW- Mrfo/ ^JOryr^cSU National Representativeesgrt^ national CoaNtitlar sentatives of the War and Navy De- bers of Rankin's committee simply partments to meet with the Legion's overrode his objections — something special committee. The Army and committees rarely do. The House Open letter signed by officials offour Navy objected to the GI Bill's provi- passed the bill May 18 by a vote of other veterans' groups opposed sion establishing a board to review 387-0. enactment of GI Bill. discharges, and both Departments had The House and Senate versions of testified before Congressional commit- the bill differed slightly. On May 21, a breakneck speed through a violent tees on this point. joint conference committee convened thunderstorm in Georgia, Gibson In extending his invitation, Stelle to iron out the differences — and Ran- stepped off a plane at Washington's specified that the War and Navy De- kin was named chairman. airport. He was furious. partment representatives come pre- By June 8, the conferees had agreed At 10 a.m. sharp, Gibson strode into pared to reach a definite agreement on on the education and loan features, but the conference session. "Hello, John," all disputed portions of the bill. The they were deadlocked over job place- someone called. "Have you got the op- conference lasted more than six hours. ment, which Rankin opposed. position licked down in Georgia?" At last, the 15 Army and Navy officers Under the rules, the bill would die if a "Yes," Gibson replied. "And now rose to leave. "We'll have to confer majority of the committee members I've come to lick it up here." The dead- with our superiors," they said. from both the House and the Senate did lock was broken. The Senate approved Stelle blew up. "Gentlemen," he not agree on every detail. The seven the GI Bill June 12, and the House ap- said, pounding the table, "our under- Senators all were agreed, but the dele- proved it June 13. standing was that you would come gation from the House was evenly di- Sam Rorex (Ark.), a friend of Pres- here with authority to make a deci- vided, with three Representatives vot- ident Roosevelt, took the bill to the sion. . . . The American Legion pro- ing for the Senate version of the bill White House a few days later. poses to see that this bill is passed (which the Legion backed), and Roosevelt signed it June 22, with and passed as it stands." three — including Rankin —opposing it. Stelle, Sullivan, National Adjutant The seventh member of the House Donald G. Glascoff, Colmery and delegation, Rep. John Gibson, D.-Ga., Ralph Mitchell (aide to Natl. Cdr. was known to favor the Senate ver- Atherton) looking on. sion, but he was absent, having gone "With the signing of this bill," said home to Georgia. Gibson had author- President Roosevelt "a well-rounded ized Rankin to cast his vote for the program of special veterans' benefits is measure by proxy, but Rankin refused nearly completed. It gives emphatic to do so because he was opposed to the notice to the men and women in our Senate version and Gibson's proxy armed forces that the American people

vote would break the deadlock, to do not intend to let them down . . .

Rankin's displeasure. This bill therefore . . . provides the The deadlock lasted through June 9, special benefits which are due to the and the conference committee scheduled members of our armed forces, for they a final meeting at 10 a.m., Saturday, have been compelled to make greater June 10. After it adjourned, Rep. Pat economic and every other kind of sac- Kearney, D.-N.Y., called Stelle and told rifices than the rest of us, and are him the bill was lost unless Rep. Gibson entitled to definite action to help take could be located somehow and flown to care of their special problem." Washington by the next morning. With that, the GI Bill of Rights— Less than 12 hours later, after a conceived, written, and shepherded nearly incredible night of telephoning through Congress by the Legion — and a wild, 150-mile automobile ride at was born. lions of first-time home buyers. Add- ing extra impact to this thrust were the bill's initial expenditures of over $4.6 billion for construction and reno- vation of hospitals and other facilities. Additional "downstream" effects of the GI Bill have included increased demand for all the things a family needs in daily life: furniture, appliances, grass seed, cars, trucks, schools, highways and business loca- tions convenient to residents of newly populated areas. Indeed, it has been said that the landscape architect of post-WWII America has been the VA loan-guarantee officer. To ease veterans' transition back to civilian life, the original GI Bill also authorized a "readjustment allowance" of $20 per week for up to 52 weeks while the ex-serviceman sought em- ployment. Between 1944 and 1949, 9 million veterans took advantage of this benefit — but, on the average, they used only 17.2 weeks of the full-year eligibility. As a result, less than 20 percent of the potential total benefit under this portion of the bill ever was claimed. (That was a sharp refutation of Congressional critics of the provi- sion, who felt that most veterans would claim the full 52 weeks of eligi- bility before looking for work.) The total amount expended under this title accordingly amounted to less than $3.5 billion. Unemployment compensation for Ko- Act rean and Vietnam veterans The That War became the responsibility of individual states in 1952, but it still provided "breathing Changed America time" for discharged veterans unable to locate immediate employment. These and other effects of the GI Bill No law has had more of an provisions have made America what it are why, in the words of VA Adminis- is today. Not only has a sizeable per- trator Harry N. Walters, it is widely impact on the fabric of centage of the millions of men and hailed as "the most significant piece of America than the GI Bill. women who have served in the na- social legislation ever passed by Con- tion's armed forces since 1941 been gress." In sharp contrast to the economic able to gain higher education — and social upheavals that America expe- including the teachers of other rienced following all its previous When astronaut Neil A. Arm- millions — but the GI Bill also has ef- conflicts, the US has repeatedly been strong set foot upon the moon fected a significant improvement in the able to make the transition from a war- in 1969, his "great leap for mankind" quality of education available through- time economy to a peacetime society vir- was made possible by a single law: The out our society. Before WWII, a col- tually without tremor. No "down-and- GI Bill of Rights. lege education was beyond the means out" veterans today peddle apples on If that sounds extravagant, consider of the great majority of Americans; street corners, a fairly common sight in the education of the engineers, the today, thanks to the GI Bill and other the years that followed WWI. No groups technicians, the myriad tradespeople measures passed in the meantime, a of maladjusted ex-servicemen live in who made that epochal journey possi- college education is by no means rare. shantytowns now, and none organize ble. Better yet, the bill's guaranteed and marches on Washington to demand Consider, too, that in the 40 years direct-loan provisions (since 1944, over bonuses or other benefits. that have passed since the GI Bill be- 11.3 million loans, amounting to $224 All in all, the GI Bill of Rights and its came law, 18.2 million veterans have billion, have been guaranteed by the successors have enabled millions of gained $59 billion worth of education VA) not only enabled millions of ex-GIs in three wars to benefit, rather and training, in every field from ex-GIs to purchase homes, farms and than suffer, from their service to the na- aeronautics to zoology, from electrical small businesses, but it also acted to tion. Forty years after its birth, the GI engineering to plumbing, auto mechan- spur the nation's economy as a whole, Bill stands as a model of enlightened so- ics and truck driving. as the construction industry geared up cial legislation to every other nation in Indeed, the GI Bill's educational to meet the demand generated by mil- the world.

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a

POSTOF THE MONTH

Fairfax Post 554 Winning the Peace Through Service

Eddie Cantor would have loved it. The famous vaudeville, radio, movie and television star from the 1930s to the '50s was devoted not only to winning the war but also to "win- ning the peace." He teamed with the Legion during WWII to start a "Gifts For Yanks" program that sent thousands of Christmas gifts to soldiers recuperating in hospitals at home and abroad. "Winning the peace" has special meaning for members of Edward C. Gehlert Post 554, Fairfax, Ohio, a Cin- cinnati suburb. Founded in 1922, the active, 332-member Post aims to excel in veteran and community service, said Post Cdr. Robert Maness, a nine-year Legionnaire and a Marine veteran of the Korean War. Assisted by an active Auxiliary of about 200, a Junior Auxiliary and an SAL program, Cdr. Maness, Post Adj. John Gionet and Service Officer Ralph Weir have helped lead Post 554 in winning the Ohio Department's "Gifts For Yanks" contest in each of the last four years. In 1983, the Post contrib- uted $16,554 to the campaign, nearly 8 countless hours of service to the Cin- partment and emergency squad. They percent of the Department's total cinnati VA Medical Center," said bought ambulances for Fairfax and the $208,000. The Post also has an active Dept. Adj. J. P. Hone. They run Cincinnati VA Medical Center. core of volunteers, including Jesse games for patients, take patients to The 13-year-old Post home, com- Keller, VAVS representative and Dis- baseball games and other athletic plete with kitchen and banquet facili- trict Service Officer. events, and treat them to canoe trips ties, is a center of community activity. "Post members have contributed and dinners at the Post. On each New Members stage a Christmas party Year's Eve since 1981, volunteers have there each year for Fairfax children; also run a "Monte Carlo Night" to the local Fraternal Order of Police Support the Eddie Cantor Christmas Idea raise funds for hospitalized veterans. Chapter and its auxiliary use the home Post 554's dedication is recognized for regular meetings, and a weekly widely. Says Fairfax Mayor Ronald diet workshop meets there, too. Cribbet, "They've had a terrific impact here. They don't like to brag about Members of the Post are also themselves, but the rest of us in town active at the Department level, know that this Post is one of the nicest including William Welsh, Americanism things ever to happen to Fairfax. We Director for Ohio. have a better community today be- It is its sense of continued obligation cause it is here." to veterans and the community that Post members are village leaders, makes Post 554 outstanding. It gives including Police Chief Daniel Chilton. life to the challenge that Cantor made Others serve on the village council and in an article he wrote for The Ameri- as active volunteers in the fire de- can Legion Magazine in 1946: partment and emergency rescue "To the Legion, the Auxiliary and all squad. Post 554 also sponsors — and other Americans, I want to make just supplies much of the leadership for— one suggestion: let's not forget the Cub Scout Pack, a Boy Scout Troop, war and the men who fought it, and Eddie Cantor teamed up with the two baseball teams and helps other we may stand a chance of winning the Legion to help hospitalized veterans, Fairfax youth programs as well. peace, too." and Post 554- continues that tradition. Members raise funds for the fire de- Post 554 is certainly doing its part.D

JUNE 1984 27 PROFILES IN SERVICE

Veterans Affairs & Rehabilitation Commission Keeping America's Promises To All of Our Veterans

Promises, and making sure ises that physical and mental scars they're kept, are what the won't be left unattended. Legion's Veterans Affairs and Re- "If there is one challenge that has habilitation Commission and its staff endured throughout the Legion's 65 are all about. years, it is service to veterans, their Among these are promises that widows and orphans," said William F. wounded veterans get needed treat- Lenker, National Chairman of the ment, rehabilitation and economic VA&R Commission. Through four help; promises that veterans' widows wars, the Legion has kept its promise and dependents do not suffer; prom- to veterans. When the Legion's Founders met in Demonstrating the Legion's concern Paris, their principal concern was to for veterans, Nat'l. Cdr. Keith Kreul ensure that their wounded comrades visits a GI wounded in Grenada at a would not be forgotten. At its third hospital in Washington, D.C. National Convention in 1921, the Legion formed a Rehabilitation Com- mittee; later, the Committee became a Commission. In 1970, the group was renamed the Veterans Affairs and Re- habilitation Commission, recognizing expansion of the Legion's goals and the Commission's scope. The Veterans Affairs & Re- habilitation Commission usually receives more than 100 proposed Resolutions from each National Con- vention. Working with Department, District and Post Service Officers, VA&R is the one Legion activity, Lenker explained, "that operates as a consumer advocate on behalf of all American veterans." The 45-member national staff is the largest of any Legion division. Director Robert E. Lyngh, an Army Air Corps veteran of WWII, has served the Legion and its members for nearly 30 years. Assisting Lyngh in Washington is Deputy Director John F. Sommer Jr., a combat medic in Vietnam, who now is the Legion's "point man" on such issues as Agent Orange, post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and atomic radiation exposure. Lyngh, Sommer and other staff members often testify before Senate and House Veter- ans Affairs Committees, making clear the Legion's advocacy on behalf of all veterans with rehabilitation problems. Other staffers include Thomas

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Schneiders, assistant director; William service representatives of virtually un- what these agencies should do to meet C. Anderson, special assistant; Rod- informed and insensitive examinations Vietnam veterans' needs better. ney S. Kirk, information specialist; being conducted, examinations that On other fronts, VA&R backed the Dr. Thomas J. FitzGerald, medical failed to identify what appeared to us call for VA drug abuse treatment cen- consultant; Sharon A. Mather, Sylvia to be obvious cases of PTSD." ters and for liberalizing VA housing J. Salaz, Eva Bowden, secretaries, Protecting veterans' rights is an regulations to include homes especially and Kusum Joshi, medical secretary. ongoing responsibility, but making adapted for the handicapped. It also The staff has six field service special- veterans aware of their benefits is an supported creation of and continuing ists who visit VA medical facilities and equally demanding task. "There are appropriations for Vet Centers, where talk to veterans and doctors. Field still far too many veterans who do not Vietnam veterans with readjustment service specialists also report on these know just what they are entitled to problems may go for counseling. visits to Legion and VA officials and and what to do to get help," Lyngh members of Congress. said, noting again the importance of Three staff members work to secure the service officers in publicizing and correct service disability records these programs. where necessary. Last year, the "Through VA&R and Legion represented more than 7,000 The Legion, through VA&R and re- related programs, the cases before the Board of Veterans lated programs, has helped virtually Appeals and more than 2,000 cases be- millions of veterans since WWI. More Legion has helped fore the Discharge Review and Cor- recently, the Commission recognized in millions of Veterans rections Board. the early years of the Vietnam War that The front line in seeing that the the use of defoliants, particularly Agent since WWI." government keeps its promise to care Orange, could have lasting and perhaps for needy veterans, however, is far sinister consequences for the thousands from Washington: it's in hometowns all of soldiers exposed to it. Accordingly, across America, where Legion Post, the Legion succeeded in getting Con- "All in all," Lyngh said, "the Legion District and Department service gress to appropriate funds for a study to has either sponsored or endorsed more officers work. Many are volunteers, identify these problems. than 90 percent of all veterans' benefit especially at Posts and Districts, but Currently, the Legion is evaluating legislation adopted by Congress since their skills are far from amateur. results of a study of Vietnam veterans the Legion's founding in 1919." "These service officers are essential it conducted in conjunction with Co- Lenker added, "We Legionnaires in getting help to veterans," Lenker lumbia University. The study was de- active in the VA&R program know it said, "regardless of whether the vet- signed to identify, among other things, is our responsibility to defend those eran is a Legionnaire. The service the readjustment problems the veter- veterans' programs on behalf of our officers link a call for help to the ans have faced, what the VA and other less fortunate comrades and their proper source. We can't overempha- agencies have done to help alleviate survivors. That's what the VA&R size the importance of their work." those problems and, most important, Commission is all about."

Many times, service officers have to make second and third con- tacts with VA officials, especially when initial claims are denied or disability ratings are set too low, Lyngh said. If the VA is still reluctant to make the de- cision the Legion service officer believes is warranted, the professional staff at the Department or national level takes over the case. For example, in March 1984, Sommer testified on PTSD before a congres- sional committee. The VA's treatment of these veterans was "inconsistent throughout the system," he said, adding that some VA physicians don't recognize PTSD as a diagnosable and treatable condition, a viewpoint that might be the result of some examining physicians not being veterans themselves. Here again, Sommer said, "The re- ports from service officers were criti- cal. I had specific examples from Legion officials (here, led by Natl. Cdr. Kreul) often testify before Congress on Legion service officers and our field legislation benefiting veterans.

JUNE 1984 29 LEGION NEWS

Veterans Preference Act 40th Anniversary Slated

The 40th anniversary of the as an employer, should take the lead in enactment of the Veterans assuring those who are in the armed Preference Act of 1944 will be marked forces that, when they return, special by special ceremonies in Washington, consideration will be given them in D.C., June 25. their efforts to obtain employment. Natl. Cdr. Keith Kreul and Donald J. "It is absolutely impossible to take Devine, director of the federal Office of millions of our young men out of their Personnel Management, which ad- normal pursuits for the purpose of ministers the act, will take part in fighting to preserve the nation and ceremonies marking the occasion at then expect them to resume their Jim Gilmore OPM headquarters. President Reagan, normal activities without having any who has proclaimed June "Veterans special consideration shown them." LEGIONNAIRE Preference Month," is scheduled to The American Legion has long been host a reception in the White House a champion of the act, and has fought OF THE MONTH Rose Garden later that day. to keep it on the books. Signed on June 27, 1944, by Pres- Other observances of the act's 40th ident Franklin D. Roosevelt, the act anniversary include a special com- When the foot-stompin' music enabled millions of veterans to find memorative cancellation stamp, pre- starts on stage at El Reno jobs that might otherwise have been pared by the US Postal Service for use (Okla.) Post 34, there'll be a guitar- closed to them. Today, some 43 per- on a one-day cover and six months' use playing singer wearing a cap with the cent of all federal employees are vet- thereafter by the OPM. An art exhibit Department emblem on it he designed. erans, and a sizeable percentage of centered on the theme of veterans That'll be James T. Gilmore, June's regional, state, county and local gov- preference also will be on display at "Legionnaire of the Month." ernment employees. OPM headquarters. A special poster A Navy veteran of WWII and a "I believe," Roosevelt said upon sign- also has been designed; 10,000 copies Legionnaire for 28 years, Gilmore is ing the act into law, "that the federal of it will be supplied to other govern- the band leader and a physical educa- government, functioning in its capacity ment departments and agencies. tion teacher and athletic director at Putnam City High School, in a suburb of Oklahoma City. Gilmore has served two terms as Post Commander, and is currently a trustee. He has served as Boys State Chairman and worked on education and scholarship committees. At Christmas, he leads high school stu- dents in a "Gifts For Yanks" program at the Oklahoma City VA hospital. He also arranges Memorial Day services at two cemeteries. In recent years, he signed up more than 100 members an- nually, a step that has helped increase the Post's membership from about 400 to over 1,000 today. In the department, Gilmore has served as director of the regional oratorical contest. He worked for the state's adoption of the now-annual "Fly The Flag Day," and was respon- sible for making an Indian head the Oklahoma Legion symbol. He is a

President Ronald Reagan (left) displays his pleasure at being inducted as an member of the Department Executive honorary member of ANAVICUS (Army, Navy, and Air Force Veterans in Committee and the National Ameri- Canada, US Unit). The ceremony was held at the White House on Tuesday, Feb. canism Commission. For all of this and 28, during the Legion's annual Washington Conference. Shown with the President more, he was named Oklahoma are (left to right) Sen. Richard G. Lugar, R.-Ind.; Past Natl. Cdr. Daniel F. "Legionnaire of the Year" in 1982. Foley (Minn.), ANAVICUS president, and Ron Dunne, Canadian president.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Flag Etiquette : wearing apparel, and no part of it should be used as a costume or athletic uni- form. A flag patch may be worn on the A True Color Guard military uniform of personnel, firemen governor. It is flown at half-staff for and policemen and members of patriotic Americans, and Legionnaires in 30 days for the death of a President organizations. If a lapel pin is worn, it particular, won't stand for disre- and fewer numbers of days for differ- should be worn on the left lapel. spect for the flag. ent national and state leaders. An ex- Although the Flag Code covers For example, when a group of dele- ception to this occurred when the 241 many ways to display the flag, it can- gates to the Legion's 1983 National servicemen were killed in the terrorist not cover every situation. Good taste Convention in Seattle saw Old Glory bombing in Beirut. At the order of the and common sense usually will lead to flying in the darkness one night, they President, flags were kept at half staff the proper display. rounded up flashlights, gathered at the 30 days as a sign of national mourning. For answers to specific questions base of the flagpole and stood watch If the flag is to be flown at half-staff, about flag etiquette, write National until dawn. it is lowered slowly to the middle Emblem Sales. Single copies of a book- What's wrong with flying the flag position on a pole after it is first raised let, "Let's Be Right On Flag outside in darkness? Can't a flag be quickly to the top. If the pole is short Etiquette," which contains the Flag flown when it rains or snows? May a and the flag would touch the ground at Code, are 20 cents each. Single copies civic leader order the flag to half staff? half-staff, the flag may be higher. of the Flag Code alone are 10 cents. For civilians, the display, use, re- The Flag Code also requires that Bulk order discounts are available. spect and customs regarding the flag the flag be flown at half-staff from were established in 1942 when Title 36 sunrise to noon on Memorial Day. of the US Code was passed. Para- Let's Help graphs 170-178 of the act are, com- If an organization wishes to ac- monly referred to as the Flag Code. knowledge the death of one of its Honor America The code remained nearly unchanged leaders, only its flag may be at half- until the Bicentennial in 1976 when staff. No flag is to be flown above the substantial changes were made. American flag. The 21 days between Flag Day, For instance, the code once read, "It Different rules exist for flags flown June 14, and Independence is the universal custom to display the indoors. For instance, at Post and Day, July 4, 1984, will mark a special flag (in the open) only from sunrise to other meetings inside buildings, the celebration to "Honor America." sunset." That rule was amended after flag on a staff is to be on the audience's The observance is a national project many Americans flew the flag 24 hours left. If not on a staff, it should be sus- of the American Historic and Cultural a day, lighting it at night. Now, the pended flat with the Union (stars on Society, a non-profit organization in code allows nighttime displays if the the blue field) in the upper left when Washington, D.C. It has been desig- flag is illuminated by lights placed viewed by the audience. nated by Congress as a period to there for that purpose only. A flag should be destroyed in a dig- "honor America [with] public gather- Science, particularly the develop- nified way, preferably by burning. ings and activities." ment of new, synthetic materials, also Some Posts provide such a service. In The society is asking Legion Posts has had an effect on the code. Flags any case, the flag should be destroyed and individual Legionnaires to help in made of nylon or similar materials may as discreetly as possible, and the ma- this observance by: be flown in rain or snow. terial from the flag may not be used • Pausing and reciting the Pledge of A flag is flown at half-staff only on for any other purpose. Allegiance at 7 p.m. (EDT), June 14. the order of either the President or a The flag should never be used as • Organizing a local "Honor America" program. • Displaying the flag throughout the three weeks. • Supporting arts and crafts work- shops that demonstrate pioneer skills. • Organizing folk festivals with tra- ditional costumes, dances and foods. • Encouraging local newspapers, radio and television stations to pub- licize the celebration. • Asking merchants to include "Honor America" notes in their ad- vertisements to encourage participa- tion in local programs. • Suggesting to shopping center managers that they, too, promote "Honor America" with special displays and programs involving local service clubs and youth groups.

JUNE 1984 31 VETERANS UPDATE

newal period. When he reaches age 73, the policy would be Legion Supports WWI Pensions of renewed at the age-70 renewal rate. $150 per month for WWI veterans whose yearly in- This change requires no action by policyholders. Re- come does not exceed $12,000 if the veteran is married, or newal notices will continue to be mailed in advance of the those with annual incomes of $10,000 or less who are single, effective dates and will reflect the lower rates for veterans divorced or widowed. The payments would be made with- affected by the change. out regard to the size of the veteran's or his spouse's es- tate, and without regard to income of any kind payable only ant To Do Business with the va? Last to the veteran's spouse. September, the VA issued its Circular 00-83-33 urg- The provisions are basically those of a bill, H.R. 1369, ing all VA facilities to identify small businesses owned and introduced last year by Rep. Douglas Applegate, D.-Ohio. operated by Vietnam-era veterans and disabled veterans, As introduced, the bill contained income maximums of and to help these small companies compete for VA business. $10,000 for married veterans and $8,000 for single ones. Now, the VA's Office of Small and Disadvantaged Busi- The Legion, however, has notified Rep. Applegate of its ness Utilization has a publication, "VA Reaches Out to Vet- support for the higher figures, as mandated by Resolution erans in Business," that outlines VA purchasing procedures 195 (Ohio), approved at the 1983 National Convention. and lists the kinds of items the VA buys. If the bill is passed, payments would be made to any vet- You can get a copy of the publication by writing to the eran meeting the income requirements who served for at VA, Washington, D.C. 20402, or by contacting the chief of least 90 days during WWI (April 6, 1917 to Nov. 11, 1918), supply at any VA medical center. or whose 90-day service either began or ended during WWI. Payment also would be made to qualified WWI vet- Your Eligibility for Benefits won't be erans who were discharged or released from the service affected in the slightest degree if you're asked to with a service-connected disability, and those qualified vet- complete a questionnaire the next time you visit a VA med- erans with an aggregate of 90 days' service or more in two ical center. The questionnaire is part of a study to deter- or more separate periods of service during more than one mine what impact a user fee for VA services might have on period of war. patients. The study will be conducted in VA medical centers The bill has been supported in testimony before the in California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, House and Senate Veterans Affairs Committee by Natl. Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Tennessee, Cdr. Keith Kreul and before a subcommittee of the House Texas, Virginia and Washington. Veterans Affairs Committee by Deputy VA&R Director "Department Service Officers should reassure veterans John F. Sommer Jr. that their answers will not affect their entitlement," said "We of The American Legion," Sommer testified in his VA&R Director Robert E. Lyngh. "If the study ultimately appearance before the House Veterans Affairs subcommit- results in proposals to limit eligibility, however, the Legion tee, "believe it is time to provide this measure of special will use all its influence to maintain current standards." protection for the veterans of WWI. The program proposed in H.R. 1369 is, we feel, a modest one. It is within the Former POWs Get More va benefits, bounds of fiscal possibility and would be a modest gesture under Public Law 97-37, the "Former Prisoner of War to assure these proud and respected veterans a certain Benefits Act of 1981." Now, the VA is acting to ensure that measure of economic security." every ex-POW gets the word. PL 97-37 broadened the VA's authority to provide health care for ex-POWs and Nearly 50,000 Veterans Will Benefit liberalized rules for determining whether compensation can from a rollback in National Service Life Insurance be paid for certain medical conditions. term policy premiums, to take effect Sept. 1, 1984. The The VA has now established that certain diseases are rollback will affect only veterans over the age of 70 who presumably related to POWs' wartime experiences. These have retained their NSLI term policies. diseases include chronic dysentery, helminthiasis, pellegra, Even though renewal premium rates are costly, the VA beriberi, avitaminosis, optic atrophy and peripheral continues to experience a high rate of renewals by older neuropathy, psychosis, any of the anxiety states including term-insurance policyholders. More than 78 percent of term post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dysthmic disor- policyholders aged 80 in 1983 continued their coverage at a der or depressive neurosis. monthly rate of $150.40 for $10,000 worth of coverage. Any former POW who was detained or interned for 30 Under the new procedure, all term-insurance policyhold- days or more and who became disabled by any of these ers who have renewed their policies at age 71 or above will conditions at any time following his release from military have their premiums rolled back to the age-70 renewal service will be presumed to have incurred the condition premium rate of $6.18 per $1,000 coverage. Policyholders during his service. who are below age 70 will have their premiums capped at All former POWs are urged to contact their nearest VA their first renewal beyond age 70. That is, a policyholder offices for information on disability compensation and other who renewed a policy at age 68 would continue to pay $5. 18 benefits, including medical and dental care, and for assist- per month for each $1,000 of coverage for the five-year re- ance in applying for these benefits.

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1

OUR LOWEST PRICE LANTERN STYLE! OUR FINEST QUALITY IMPORT! 117 JEWEL SHOCK PROTECTED BUG KILLER RAILROAD POCKET WATCH KILLS MOSQUITOES, MOTHS, FLIES, 17 Jewel Movement GNATS; WITHOUT CHEMICALS, SPRAYS Engraved POISONS, FUMES OR INSECTICIDES! Tone Finish ZAPS Bugs Dead On Contact!

Don't be bothered by pesky, flying insects! Enjoy cookouts, gardening even an afternoon snooze without being tormented by mosquitos, gnats, moths, etc. So attractive — use them indoors or out. 100% SAFE. No chemicals or poisons. Special Blue Bulb attracts bugs like a magnet. Electrified Grid ZAPS 'EM DEAD ON CONTACT! Cylindrical de- sign lures insects from 360 degree radius. Neutral Ivory Color. Measures 8" high x IZV2" around. No. 4949—Electric Bug Killer $9.99 Save Even More: 2 for 17.95 - 3 for 23.88

Each RAILMASTER DELUXE has a precision 17-JEWEL MOVEMENT had assembled by old world watchmakers. } SUPER ELIMINATOR XL AVAILABLE FOR It ticks away the seconds with honest, old-fashioned accuracy. SHOCKPROTECTED. As rugged as it is good ****** WIDER AREA COVERAGE ***** looking. The heirloom quality case is finished in gleam- * ing gold-tone. A deeply engraved backplate features heavy-duty our For areas requiring protection a powerful locomotive in beautiful 3-dimensional de- JUMBO MODEL gives even greater coverage for tail. Easy to read at a glance! Big, bold numbers only a few dollars more. Electrified Grid nearly with two color markings for the seconds. Large sweep second hand. Heavy winding stem with a swivel for twice as large. Measures a big IOV2" high x 16" your watch chain. It's the timepiece with a tradition! around. A real value! An exceptionally fine gift ... a real thrill to own! No. 4950—Super Eliminator XL $14.44 Let us prove to you that old-fashioned dependability J and quality is not just a thing of the past. Keep our MOLTIPLE ORDER DISCOUNTS » RAILMASTER DELUXE for 30 full days ... at our risk! Because we import directly from one of Europe's old- 2 Super Eliminator XL Bug Killer, ONLY $26.95 * Deluxe est, finest watch factories, we can offer this low, low 3 for only 38.00 * price. Each watch has been gift boxed and factory Model tested. We also offer similar savings on fine quality ************ No. 5579— 17-Jewel Railroad Pocket Watch $19.95 No. 5145—Matching Gold-Tone Watch Chain $3.98 SAY "I LOVE YOU" HE No. 5146—Deluxe Double Link Watch Chain $4.98 M^^ING No. 5135—Genuine Leather Watch Belt Holder $3.98 WITH THESE ETERNAL ^ WEDDING BANDS!!!

LAYERED IN 14Kt. GOLD

Only 12 95

GENUINE "THE COUNT" — A real He-Man's Ring with one STERLING large and two smaller, perfectly matched, simu- lated DIAMONDS—a total weight of approximately SILVER 2V2 Carats! So skillfully and beautifully made that only an experienced jeweler could tell they're not The age old symbol of eternal love finished in real diamonds costing thousands of dollars! Not the finest materials for a lifetime of use. Wear cheap 'paste' or plastic imitations, but beautiful them proudly as a symbol of enduring love . . . Pure Copper Bracelets have been cherished for simulated DIAMONDS made in the laboratory and cherish them as a timeless momento of your cut and polished in the same style as GENUINE centuries and now they're worn by thousands: eternal vows. Lovely beaded edges. Specify size DIAMONDS finished by the master DIAMOND CUT- athletes, celebrities and people everywhere when ordering. Available in sizes 5-12. TERS of Amsterdam and Antwerp! Set in a massive, who want the latest in distinctive accessories. No. 5510— 14KT Genuine Gold bevelled mounting. Finished in GENUINE 14 Kt. We make no claims concerning the "mystical" Electroplate Band $6.88 ELECTROPLATE. Please specify your ring GOLD powers or healing properties often attributed No. 5511—Genuine Sterling Silver Band $6.88 size when ordering. No. 5229 $1 2.95 to Copper Bracelets, but we believe you'll want NORELCO SHAV them because they're so NEW ... so beauti- ELECTRIC CARD SHUFFLER fully styled! SHUFFLES DECK IN 3 SECONDS SHARPENER No. 5083—Ladies' Link Chain Bracelet $3.98 No. 5082—Men's Heavy Link Chain Bracelet $4.98

f" rosteiF- I'ient * 1 (2345 Post Road, Dept. 200-F Larchmont, N.Y. 10538

RUSH the items ordered below on 30 DAY TRIAL — complete satisfaction GUARANTEED or my money back promply (except | postage & handling). My payment is enclosed including! 65 I for postage handling. (Sorry! No D.) PUTS FACTORY & CO )j DESCRIPTION PRICE FRESHNESS BACK QUAN. SIZE ITEM NO. IN YOUR SHAVER!

In just one minute you can put back that fac- BE FIRST WITH THE LATEST! This new electrical marvel tory-fresh performance you enjoyed when your hipping 6 Handling 1 .65 shuffles a deck in mere seconds. Does it far more Norelco Shaver was brand-new! This new, scien- thoroughly than by hand! Also shuffles 2 decks, merg- N Y. State customers please add sales tax ing them to perfection. Lay cards in 2 holders, push tifically designed rotary Sharpener will give Total Enclosed the button and the lightning action begins. A quality your shaver blades a keen, surgically sharp item made of metals and high impact plastic housing. Print Name. Equipped with a powerful rotary motor for years of shaving edge to give you smooth, clean shaves top performances. Uses 2 cell batteries (not includ- D every time! Use it just once a month or so to Address^_ ed). Adds new enjoyment to Canasta, Poker, Bridge, Gin, etc. Gift Boxed. Compare our price! retain super sharpness City No. 2002—Electric Card Shuffler $9.95 No. 3080—Norelco Shaver Sharpener $2.98 State .Zip Code OUTFIT REUNIONS

USS Philadelphia CL 41 (Sept-Cedar Rapids, IA) Frank 88th Inf. Div. Assn. (Sept-San Diego) James Navy Amoroson, 93 Dunbar St., Somerset, NJ 08873, (201) Wentworth, 11061 Longford St., Lakeview Terrace, 545-1475 CA 91342, (818) 899-7050 19th NCB (Sept-Kiamesha Lake, NY) Herbert McCallen, USS Pike SS 173 (Aug-Chicago) Edward Schmidt, 6325 89th Cav. Recon. Sq. Mech., 9th Arm'd Div. (Sept- 97 Lawr Park Crescent, Bronxville. NY 10708, (914) E. Southport Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46237, (317) 881- Branson, MO) Henry Turner, Rt. 2, Box 179, 337-8044 1784 Stockton, MO 65785, (417) 276-4081 31st Spec. Seabees (July-Mankato, MN) Ray Jenson, USS Plaice SS 390 (Aug-Chicago) W. R. Flippin, 6005 96th QM Bkry. (July-Willmar, MN) Carroll Jacobson, 508 Baker Dr., Cedar Falls, IA 50613, (319) 277-4014 Fairlane Dr., Kansas City, MO 64134, (816) 763-3131 1101 Grace Ave., Willmar, MN 56201, (612) 235-0839 116th NCB (Aug-Minneapolis) Carl Mollanltsch, 181 W. USS Robert K. Huntington DD 781 (July-Chicago) 98th Transport Co. (Camp Bassans-1953-55) (Aug- Maryland Ave., St. Paul, MN 55117, (612) 489-7612 Joseph Sopko, Briarcrest Apts. 25, Swarthmore Lexington, KY) Garnett Parke, Rt. 5, Richmond, KY 137th, 139th Seabees, 3rd Spec. Seabees (July- Bldg., Hershey, PA 17033, (717) 533-9566 40475, (606) 623-5687 Aurora, IN) Lou Schipper, Box 214, Aurora, IN 47001, USS Thornhill DE 195 (Sept-Tannersville, PA) Henry 101st Airborne Div. Assn. (Aug-Sioux Falls, SD) (812) 926-1466 Cetkowski, Rt 2, Box 531, Titusville, NJ 08560, (609) George Rosie, Box 101AB, Parchment, Ml 49004, LCI 336 (Sept-Portland, OR) Clyde Harrington, Rt. 1, 737-1727 (616) 388-5801 Box 1317, Clatskanie, OR 97016, (503) 728-2366 USS Wichita CA 45, USS Tuscaloosa CA 37 Assn. 102nd Inf. Div. Assn. (June-Bethesda, MD) Abe Mitch- Mobile Constr. Bn. #1 (1952-57) (Aug-Huntingburg, IN) (Sept-St. Louis) John D Ercole, 122 Eaton Ave., ell, 2 McKay Rd., Bethel, CT 06801, (203) 748-8096 Samuel Oxley, Box 743, Jasper, IN 47546, (812) 482- Hamilton, OH 45013, (513) 895-0656 104th Timberwolf Inf. Div. (Aug-St. Paul, MN) Raymond 6076 Schmidt, 1270 W. Larpenteur, Apt. 101, St. Paul, MN Navy Seabee Vets (Louisiana Dept.) (June-Alexandria, 55113, (612) 488-1615 LA) Cecil Gould, Box 190, Forest Hill, LA 71430, (318) Marines 104th Ordnance MM (July-College Park, MD) Albert 748-4431 Daniels, 3405 Duke St., College Park, MD 20740,

PBR Mobile Base II (Tan An, 1969-70), MILPHAP Team "C" Co., 1st Corps Mtr. Trans. Bn. (Aug-Springfield, (301) 935-3020 4 ADV TM 19 (Quang Tri, 1968-69) (July-San Fran- MO) Wally Lueder, 349 W. Joe Orr Rd., Chicago Hts., 122nd Signal Radio Intell. Co. (Sept-San Antonio. TX) cisco) Doc Edler, 1732 Liberty St., El Cerrito. CA IL 60411, (312) 754-4197 J. W. Wickliff, Rt. 4, Box 206, Greenfield, IN 46140, 94530, (415) 529-1727 "B" Co., 2nd Mtr. Trans. Bn., 2nd Marine Div. (WWII) (317) 861-4881 S.L.C.U. 36 Boat Pool Baker (July-Daytona Beach, FL) (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Jack Petrie, 11409 Glen 123rd F.A., 33rd Div. (WWI, WWII, Korea) (Aug- Donald Brown, 1008 Mitchell, Irving, TX 75060, (214) Arbor Terr., Kansas City, MO 64114, (816) 942-2617 Monmouth, IL) Ernest Day, Box 1, Abingdon, IL 251-1249 Atomic Biological Chem. Warfare Unit #1, 4.2 Mortar 61410, (309) 462-2898 USNRS (Milwaukee, Wl-Recruiters & Personnel, Co. (Camp Pendleton, 1954-56) (Sept-Belle Fouche, 127th Inf. Vets Assn. (Sept-Sheboygan, Wl) Lowell WWII) (Aug-Milwaukee) Al Thomson, 366 W. St. SD) DeWayne Rubedor, Box 64, Sauk Centre, MN Lloyd, 1839 N. 19th St., Sheboygan, Wl 53081, (414) Joseph St., Heritage Hill No Green Bay, Wl 54301, 56378, (612) 352-2858 452-0297 (414) 435-4911 Brig. Detach., MP Co., 6th Marine Div. (1945) (July- 128th Inf., 32nd Div., Serv. Co. (Aug-Madison, Wl) VA Beach Radar School Personnel (Sept-Virginia Be- Pigeon Forge, TN) Leonard Marshall, Star Rt., Box George Lehman, Box 155, Lake Mills, Wl 53551, (414) ach, VA) Joseph Thompson, 7045 Bexley Dr., In- 82, Guild. TN 37340, (615) 942-2701 648-8776 dianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 849-4957 Marine Detach. (NY World's Fair, 1939-40) (Sept- 130th Inf. Regt., 33rd, 44th Inf. Divs. (Sept-Decatur. IL) VPB 34 NAS (1942-45) (Sept-Wagoner, OK) S. B. Brad- Quantico, VA) T. O. Kelly, 209 N. Gilstrap St., LaPlata, John Hanks, 4712 Powers Blvd., Decatur, IL 62521, ley, 5926 Royal Crest Dr., Dallas, TX 75230 MO 63549, (816) 332-7100 (217) 428-1013 Waves (National) (Aug- Washington) 1984 Waves Con- Women Marines Assn. (Oct-French Lick, IN) Helen 150th Engr. Combat Bn., XII Corps., 3rd Army (Sept- vention, 8621 Georgia Ave.. Wolfe Bldg., Rm. 349, Moore, Box 206. Rushville, IN 46173, (317) 932-2297 Diekirch, Luxembourg) Bruce Reagan, Watch Hill Silver Spring, MD 20910, (301) 565-5959 Dr., Greenwich, CT 06830, (203) 531-8859 USS Albert W. Grant DD 649, (Aug-Providence. Rl) 155th WAC Detach. CSCS (Camp Crowder, MO, WWII) John Izzi, 1429 Scituate Ave., Cranston, Rl 02920, Army (Sept-St. Louis) Agnes Cromie, 900 W. 8th, Apt. 3. (401) 944-0463 Odessa, TX 79763, (915) 332-5048 USS Beale DD/DDE 471 (Aug-Ames, IA) Grover Walker, 1st Arm'd Div. Assn. (Sept-Louisville, KY) W. S. Beas- 160th General Hospital (England, France, WWII) 115 Anderson, Jewell, IA 50130, (515) 827-5392 ley, Box 5675, Anderson, SC 29623, (803) 225-2643 (Sept-Jeannette, PA) Victor Zippi, 744 Sellers Ave., USS Bunker HIM CV 17 (Sept-Chicago) Walter Braun, 1st Signal Bn., 7th Army (Sept-Columbus. OH) George Jeannette, PA 15644, (412) 523-4794 3104 N. Monticello, Chicago. IL 60618. (312) 588- Hands. 5348 Trillium Ct.. Columbus. OH 43230, (614) 187th Ord. Bn., Hq. & Med. Detach. (Aug-Wheeling, 1633 890-0548 WV) Don Tabert, Moose Lake, MN 55767, (218) 485- USS Card CVE 11 (Sept-Jacksonville. FL) Joe Macchia, 3rd Ordnance Co. MM (WWII) (Sept-Madison. Wl) 8563 Rt. 3, Box 3315, Melrose, FL 32666, (904) 475-1279 Elmer Race. Rt. 2, Box 139A, Peshtigo, Wl 54157 187th Signal Repair Co. (Aug-Wausau, Wl) John Sheri- USS Cushing DD 376, DD 797, DD 985 (July-Chicago) 8th Arm'd Div. Assn. (July-Washington) Henry Rothan- dan. 115 Firestone Dr., Rochester, NY 14624 Don Henning, Box 73. Wellington, NV 89444, (702) berg, 180 N. LaSalle St. Rm. 2101, Chicago, IL 60601, 202nd Coast Arty. (AA) (Sept-Bremerton, WA) Roger 465-2213 (312) 236-2305 McCabe, 7400 Edgemere Blvd., El Paso, TX 79925, USS Edgar G. Chase DE 16 (Sept-Mystic. Ct) Elmo Al- 8th Cav. Recon. Troop, 8th Inf. Div. (WWII) (Aug- (915) 778-0632 len, 5125 Old Canton Rd. Unit 205, Jackson, MS Frankenmuth, Ml) Harold Schonberg, 612 Keyte St., 214th CA (AA) GA NG (WWII) (Aug-Gainesville, GA) 39211, (601) 956-7255 Owosso, Ml 48867, (517) 725-5916 Gene Hodges, 2549 Emerald Dr., Jonesboro, GA USS Edison DD 439 (WWII) (Aug-Harrisburg, PA) Larry 14th Arm'd Div. (NY Chapter) (Sept-Fredonia, NY) 30236. (404) 471-2084 Whetstine, 8083 Haviland Dr., Linden, Ml 48451. (313) Howard Prentice, 250 Chesterton Rd.. Rochester, NY 235th Observ. Bn. (Korea) (Aug-Pioneer, OH) Robert 735-5369 14626, (716) 225-2718 Gamboe, 403 Baubice St., Box 278, Pioneer, OH

USS Enterprise CV 6 (All Reglonals & Nat l) James 19th Engrs. (C) (WWII) (Sept-Santa Rosa, CA) Ernest 43554, (419) 737-2418 Barnhill, 6633 Briley Dr., Fort Worth. TX 76118, (817) Mangiantini, 151 Newcomb. Sonoma, CA 95476, 260th Inf., AT Co. (Aug-Lacon, IL) Dean McAllister, 281-3384 (707) 996-2744 1212 2nd St., Lacon, IL 61540, (309) 246-8570 USS Fort Marlon LSD 22 (Sept-Denver) Clinton Olm- 32nd Red Arrow Div. (Aug-Madison, Wl) Rocco Col- 275th Port Co., 503rd Port Bn. (July-Reno, NV) John sted. Rt. 2, Arapahoe, NE 68922, (308) 962-7975 ucci, 30-82 35th St., Astoria, NY 11103, (212) 626- Stokes Jr., 7539 Oak Vista, Houston, TX 77087, (713) USS Fulton AS 11 (Aug-New London, CT) Jack Starr, 0611 645-1538 2113 Wintergreen Ave., District Hts., MD 20747, (301) 34th General Hospital (Aug-Green Bay, Wl) William 282nd F.A. Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Marietta. OH) George 336-6048 Frank, 418 E. Hoover Ave., Appleton, Wl 54915. (414) Chalfant, 108 Michigan Ave., Marietta, OH 45750, USS Granville APA 171 (Aug-Salem. OR) Bob Bland- 734-5810 (614) 374-7037 ing, 4559 Shawn Ct. NE, Salem. OR 97305, (503) 37th Div. Signal Co. (Aug-Columbus, OH) Ed Baer, 756 292nd JASCO (Sept-Cincinnati) William Keatting Jr., 393-8739 S. Harris Ave., Columbus, OH 43204, (614) 276-2937 8507 Old Shep. Rd., Louisville, KY 40219, (502) 969- USS Gurnard SS 254 (Aug-Chicago) Bill Braun, Rt. 2, 44th Cav. Recon. Troop (Sept-Buffalo, NY) Joseph 0345 St. Joseph, MN 56374, (612) 363-7673 Machnica, 778 Sherwood Ct.. Depew, NY 14043, 301st Signal Opej. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Albany, NY) Orrin USS Henley DD 391 (July-Gatlinburg, TN) Roy Anglen, (716) 683-5644 Barra, 137 Murray Ave., Delmar, NY 12054, (518) Box 3, Hume, IL 61932, (217) 887-2372 45th Div. MP Co. (Korea-1 950-52) (July) Leo Williams, 439-9022 USS Holly AN 19, YN 14 (Pacific) (Sept-Guilford. CT) 2602 Brookhaven Cir. Denison, TX 75020 337th, 1338th Combat Engrs. (Aug-Findlay, OH) Ken- Charles Dorey, 72 Greenbriar Rd., Meriden, CT 46th Tank Bn., 13th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Gettysburg, PA) J. neth Bame, 219 E. Yates Ave.. Findlay, OH 45840, 06450, (203) 237-2601 B. Teel, 1562 Champlin Dr., St. Louis, MO 63136, (419) 423-2639 USS John M. Bermlngham DE 530 (Aug-Washington) (314) 869-2821 344th Ordnance Depot Co. (Sept-Nashville, TN) Milton Ken Truelsen, 2124 Walter Ave., Northbrook, IL 70th Tank Bn. Assn. (Sept-Monroville, PA) Charles Reed, 4360 Hoover St.. Rolling Meadows, IL 60008, 60062, (312) 272-0672 Myers, 3208 Lake Ave., Baltimore, MD 21213, (301) (312) 991-6238 USS LST 292 (Aug-Cleveland) D. A. Kray, 12701 Oak- 483-2281 348th Station Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Detroit) Charles view Blvd., Garfield Hts.. OH 44125, (216) 663-7269 73rd Arm'd F.A. Bn., 9th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Wisconsin Eisenhardt, 3612 S. Winchester Ave., #2, Chicago, IL USS Manlove DE 36 (Sept-Wakefield, MA) N. L. Whit- Dells, Wl) Rudolph Merick, Dallas Dr., Rt. 2, Box 204, 60609, (312) 376-6154 tredge, 91 Walnut, Saugus, MA 01906, (617) 231-0696 Jeannette, PA 15644, (412) 527-2773 379th AAA Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Houston) Elmer Sayers, USS Munargo AP 20 (WWII) (Sept-Osage Beach. MO) 76th Inf. Div. (June-Hartford, CT) E. C. Cutler Jr., 4218 Colombia Dr., Pasadena, TX 77504, (713) 487- Pete Stout, 9676 Gallop Ln., Crestwood, MO 63126, Jackson Ave., Rt. 2, Box 68, New Windsor, NY 12550, 1572 (314) 843-9057 (914) 496-6808 411th AAA Gun. Bn. (WWII) (July-Nashville, TN) Edgar USS Ocala ARST 2 (WWII) (Sept-Lancaster. PA) Bruce 82nd Airborne Div. Assn. Inc. (Aug-Knoxville, TN) Gusler, 1110 W. 3rd St., Marion, IN 46952, (317) 664-

Hampton, Franklin Rd., Rt. 1, Washington Boro, PA Gerald Mitchell. 788 Newport Rd., Fayetteville, NC 2227 17582, (717) 684-4862 28304, (919) 867-7839 464th Engr. Depot Co. (Aug-Wilmington, DE) Robert

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Higham, 2506 Alister Dr., Wilmington, DE 19808, 3005 Sparta, W. Lafayette, IN 47906, (317) 463-3908 Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Assn. (All Services) (June- (302) 998-5001 "B" Co., 409th Inf. Regt. (July-Omaha, NE) Robert Phoenix, AZ) Larry Clark, 2312 W. Mandalay Ln., 472nd Engr. Avn. Bn. (July-Chicago) Eugene Walczak, Laughlin, Box 155, Westfield, NY 14787, (716) 326- Phoenix, AZ 85023 5337 N. Oriole Ave., Chicago, IL 60656, (?12) 763- 3174 5929 "C" Co., 1st MTB, 1st Arm'd Div. (1951) (Ft. Hood, TX.) 472nd F.A., 472nd F.A. Para-Glider Bn. (July) Julian (Sept-Wisconsin Dells, Wl) Richard McNew, 317 N. Air Force Panek, 3334 Demmler St., McKeesport, PA 15131 Hawley Rd., Milwaukee, Wl 53213, (414) 453-6781 472nd Trk. Regt. (July-Louisville, KY) John McAlpine, "C" Troop, 36th Cav. Recon. Sq. (Sept-Dayton, OH) 11th Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. (Sept-Hyannis, MA) Robert 637 Oakbrook West, Rochester, Ml 48063, (313) 652- Walter Hill, 157 N. "F" St., Hamilton, OH 45012, (513) May, Box 637, Seffner, FL 33584, (813) 681-3544 7873 894-1962 62nd Troop Carrier Grp., 4th, 7th, 8th, Hq. Sqdns., 51st 529th F.A. Bn. (Aug-lndianapolis) Willis McCarty, Rt. 2, "C" Co., 303rd Med. Bn., 78th Div. (WWII) (July- Wing (WWII) (Aug-Twin Falls, ID) Bill Whitehead, Rt.

Box 1, Arcadia, IN 46030, (317) 552-2907 Philadelphia) James Kossman, 1936 Churchill, Tren- 2, Box 272A, Kimberly, ID 83341, (208) 423-4010 543rd Engr. Boat & Shore Regt. (Sept-Hyannis, MA) ton, Ml 48183, (313) 675-4670 66th Airdrome Sq. (Sept-Oshkosh, Wl) Edward John Merges, 1 Wilson St., Binghamton, NY 13905, "C" Co., 712th ROB (WWII, Korea) (Aug-Memphis, TN) Schwartz, 1008 Jackson St., Oshkosh, Wl 54901, (607) 797-3034 Roscoe Greenway, 4126 Hillcrest Rd., Richmond, VA (414) 231-8564 611th Engr. Lt. Equip. Co. (WWII) (Aug-Grants Pass, 23225. (804) 232-0464 87th Serv. Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Charleston, SC) Joseph OR) Ray Fine, 4720 Leonard Rd., Grants Pass, OR "C" Co., 702nd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug- Grooms, Box 90182, Charleston, SC 29410, (803) 97527, (503) 474-1889 Reynoldsburg, OH) Eugene Osburn, 1681 Neely Ave., 744-2531 628th Tank Bn. (2nd Bn., 103rd Arm'd, now 1st Bn., East Point, GA 30344, (404) 767-4137 96th Bomb Grp., 339th Sq. (B17 Wildfire) (Sept- 103rd Arm'd) (Aug-Johnstown, PA) Reunion Commit- "C" Co., 820th Engr. Avn. Bn. (Aug-Pittsfield, IL) Merle Washington) Arthur Siciliano, 7 Gates Ave., E. tee, 565 Walters Ave., Johnstown, PA 15904, (614) Bauer, 345 Piper Ln., Pittsfield, IL 62363 Longmeadow, MA 01028, (413) 525-7604 533-2441 "D" Btry., 243rd CA. Regt. (WWII) (Sept-Cranston, Rl) 321st, 327th Ftr. Control Sqdns. (July-Washington) 674th Signal Aircraft Warning (spl) (Aug-lndianapolis) Charles Brothers, 48 Jastram St., Providence, Rl Glennie Kamper, Box 54, Enterprise, MS 39330, (601)

Clyde Ham, 415 W. Vine, Toulon, II 61483, (309) 286- 02908, (401) 521-5017 659-7888 2671 "D" Co., 1st Inf., 6th Div. (Aug-Columbus, NE) Lonnie 345th Ftr. Sq. (Aug-San Antonio, TX) Jake Kingsbury, 723rd R.O.B. (Sept-Ft. Mitchell, KY) Guilford Howe, 24 Thavenet, Newman Grove, NE 68758, (402) 447-2463 2106 Wesley Ave., Collinsville, IL 62234, (618) 344- N. Campbell St., Indianapolis, IN 46219, (317) 357- "D" Co., 32nd Arm'd Regt., 3rd Arm'd Div. (Aug- 0131

8930 Monteca, CA) Jack Downey, 31 1 Flores Ct., Monteca, 398th Bomb Grp. (Heavy) (Nuthamstead, England, 728th Ord. Maint. Co. (WWII, Korea) (Sept- CA 95336, (209) 823-1003 WWII) (Sept-Rapid City, SD) George Hilliard, 7841 Chambersburg, PA) Howard McClelland, 339 High "D" Co., 50th Engrs. (Aug-New Ulm, MN) Victor Braun, Quartermaine Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45236, (513) 891- St., Chambersburg, PA 17201, (717) 264-2470 Rt. 2, Box 52, New Ulm, MN 56073, (507) 359-9735 8533 775th Tank Bn. Assn. (Sept-Mt. Pocono, PA) Joseph "D" Co., 179th Inf. Regt., 45th Div. (Aug-Norman, OK) 442nd Air Reserve Assn. (June-Richards-Gebaur AFB, Izzo, 383 Lockwood Dr., N. Shirley, L.I., NY 11967, Ray Wall, 8508 S. Ross, Oklahoma City, OK 73159, MO) Alice Morris, 924 Crestline, Wichita, KS 67212, (516) 281-1505 (405) 681-5945 (316) 722-7337 776th Tank Destroyer Bn. (July-Pocatello, ID) Nyle "E" Co., 17th Arm'd Engrs., 2nd Arm'd Div. (WWII) 509th Composite Grp. (VH) (Aug-Philadelphia) Charles Rasmussen, 1030 Howard Ave., Pocatello, ID 83201, (Sept-Canandaigua, NY) Herbert Barnes, Box 602, Levy, Box 24606, Philadelphia, PA 19111, (215) 342- (208) 237-4776 Canandaigua, NY 14424, (716) 394-1571 3887 791st QM Trk. Co. (June-Bismarck, ND) Harold Bach, "E" Co., 172nd Inf., 43rd Div. (Sept-Hummelstown, PA) 583rd S.A.W. (Old 711th Co.) (July-Hannibal, MO) 1436 12th St. W, Dickinson, ND 57601, (701) 227-0640 Elmer Nisley, 13 W. Main St., Hummelstown, PA Charles Unsell, Box 13, Frankford, MO 63441, (314) 811th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug-Terre Haute, IN) Allen 17036, (717) 566-2023 784-2958 Wythe, 11 Rose Ave., Terre Haute, IN 47803, (812) "H" Co., 137th Regt., 35th Div. (July-Ottawa, KS) 1395th MP Co. (Tinian) (Aug-Philadelphia) Ed Halbur, 234-1321 Harold Brohammer, Rt. 1, Baldwin, KS 66006, (913) Box 241, Norfolk, NE 68701, (402) 371-5617 818th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug-Omaha, NE) Cecille 594-6568 Allied Air Forces (427th, 429th, 415th, 405th Sqdns., Wax, 507 Tassa St., Shenandoah, IA 51601, (712) "I" Co., 475th QM Truck Regt., 3789th Trk. Co. (July- RCAF Americans (Oct-Toronto, Ontario, Canada) 246-5248 Lexington, KY) John Hoogland, 500 W. Lawrence Mrs. Joyce Inkster, 28 Battersea Crescent, Toronto, 820th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Traverse City, Ml) Ave., Zeeland, Ml 49464, (616) 772-6308 Ontario, M6L 1G8, Canada George Verbeke, 16085 Veronica, East Detroit, Ml "K" Co., 330th Inf., 83rd Div. (Aug-Owensboro, KY) BAD 2 Assn. (Warton, England) (Sept-Williamsburg, 48021, (313) 779-8046 Lester Elkins, Rt. 2, Ladoga, IN 47954, (317) 362-4844 VA) Richard McClune, 527 Quarterfield Rd., Newport 899th Tank Destroyer Bn. (all Cos.) (Sept-Mountain "HQ" Co., CC "B", 14th Arm'd Div. (July-Jamestown, News, VA 23602, (804) 877-3826 Home, AR) Ivan Krapac, Slick Rock Rd., Rt. 9, Box NY) Clarence Anderson, Rt. 1, Box 415, Kennedy, NY P-40 Warhawk Pilots Assn. (September) Charlie Cook, 503, Mt. Home, AR 72653, (501) 492-6228 14747, (716) 267-9005 6305 N. Ocean Blvd., Myrtle Beach, SC 29577, (803) 901st Engr.'A.F. Hq. Co. (July-North Platte, NE) Carl "HQ & HQ Btry.", 27th AAA Grp. (Aug-Lexington, KY) 449-5681 Cole, 812 W. "J" St., McCook, NE 69001, (308) 345- David Hopewell, 15116 Alaska Rd., Woodbridge, VA 3rd Air Depot Grp. (Agra, India, WWII) (Aug-San An- 1734 22191, (703) 491-3429 tonio, TX) Walter Johnson, 7210 Dubies, San An- 919th Engr. Avn. Maint. Co. (Spec. Category Reas- "HQ" Btry., 466th AAA Bn. (No. Eastern Chapter) tonio, TX 78216, (512) 341-4249 signed SCARWAF) (June-Ft. Wayne, IN) Charles (July) Roy Glover, 324 Carroll Ave., Bridgeport, Ct 4th Strat. Air Depot, 8th A.F. (Wattisham-Hitcham, Stewart, 9810 Circlewood Dr., Ft. Wayne, IN 46804, 06602, (203) 334-3865 England-WWII) (Oct-Los Angeles) Paul Thone, Box (219) 432-4152 XIII Corps Assn. (July-Indianapolis) John Bitting, 196, Henrietta, NY 14467, (716) 334-4823 939th F.A. (Old 166th F.A.) (Aug-Harrisburg, PA) 10104 Quinby St., Silver Spring, MD 20901, (301) 15th Troop Carrier Sq., 61st Group (WWII) (Sept- Thomas Cramer, 2116 3rd St., Trenton, Ml 48183, 593-8919 Dayton, OH) George Marsh, 115 Gullette Ln., Weir- (313) 675-1050 ton, WV 26062, (304) 797-1944 963rd Engr. Maint. Co. (S. Pacific-WWII) (Aug- 17th Air Depot Grp. Repair Sq. (Aug-Nashville, TN) Morgantown, WV) James Barry, 106 Emerald Ct., Coast Guard Thomas Haluscak, 324 Grove Dr., Lower Burred, PA Morgantown, WV 26505, (304) 599-0036 15068, (412) 337-6835 988th MP Co. AVN. (WWII) (Sept-West Chester, PA) USS Callaway APA 35 (Aug-Mystic, CT) Wallace Shipp, 46th Troop Carrier Sq., 317th T.C. Grp. (Sept- John Robertson, 1130 Ashbridge Rd., WBSt Chester, 5319 Manning PI. NW, Washington, DC 20016, (202) Columbus, OH) Dick Brown, 509 Clay, Carey, OH PA 19380, (215) 696-8461 363-3663 43316, (419) 396-6585 989th Ord. Base Depot. (Alaska, Okinawo, WWII) USS Ingham W 35 (Aug-Portsmouth, VA) R. H. Bur- 68th Ftr. Sq., 13 A.F. Assn. (So. Pacific, WWII) (Aug- (Aug-New Brunswick, NJ) Gene Milano, 237 Central khard, Box 1232, Silver Spring, FL 32688, (904) 622- lndianapolis) Allen Roth, 3522 E. Southport Rd., In- Blvd., Palisades Park, NJ 07650, (201) 947-5247 2018 dianapolis, IN 46227, (317) 787-0134 "A" Btry., 110th F.A., 29th Div. (WWII) (Sept-Pikesville, USS Joseph T. Dickman (Oct-Colorado Springs, CO) 70 Serv. Sq. (WWII) (Sept-Washington) Carl Joost, 620 MD) Michael Crawford, 2030 Flintshire Rd., Balti- Edward Polakoff, 1320 S. Terry, Longmont, CO SE 42nd St., Topeka, KS 66609, (913) 267-4085 more, MD 21237 (301) 866-1476 80501, (303) 772-8761 76th Serv. Sq., 70th Serv. Grp. (WWII) (Aug- "A" Btry., 760th F.A. Bn. (Aug-St. Louis) Don Allen, USS Pocatello PF 9 (Aug-Pocatello, ID) Joseph Pogan, Champaign, IL) Joe Miner, Box 113, Broadlands, IL Box 129, Carrollton, IL 62016, (217) 942-3603 4535 Lark Ct. NE, Salem, OR 97301, (503) 371-9740 61816, (217) 834-3065 "A" Co., 63rd Engrs. Co., 44th Div. (WWII) (Aug- 434th Ftr. Sq., 479th Ftr. Grp. (Sept-Elkhorn, Wl) Columbus, OH) Glenn Young, 4462 Leppert Rd., Rt. Harold Grenning, 4115 W. Lake Ave., Glenview, IL 1, Hilliard, OH 43026, (614) 876-7781 Miscellaneous 60025, (312) 998-9778 "A" Co., 160th Inf. (July-Rapid City, SD) Franklin Kempt, 6083 Hwy. 60E, Hartford, Wl 53027 555th Signal Air Warning Bn. A, C. Cos. (A.F. Detach) "A" Co., 528th QM Serv. Bn., 690th QM Base Depot (July-Washington) Frank Heringer, 151 Osceola Rd., Reunion Guidelines Co. (Aug-Dubuque, IA) Harold Miller, 301 N. Algona, Pine Lake, Wayne, NJ 835-7488 07470, (201) Outfit Reunion notices are published for Dubuque, IA 52001, (319) 582-7742 Chlna-Burna-lndia Vets Assn. (Aug-San Antonio, TX) Legionnaires only and must be submitted on official "B" Co., 100th Chem. Mortar Bn. (Prev. 508th, 637th Kenneth Ruff, 7303 Carew, Houston, TX 77074, (713) forms. To obtain forms, send a self-addressed, CA. Bn., (July-Moorestown, NJ) Jerry Zuzzio, Box 774-6580 stamped envelope to: O.R. Form, The American 232, Sea Bright, NJ 07760, (201) 842-7254 Pokagon Grp. (July) Roger Rt. CCC Woodcock, 1, Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN "B" Co., 323rd Inf., 81st Div. (Sept-Mt. Home, AR) 0435-12, Corunna, IN 46730, 281-2044 (219) 46206. Notices must be received at least five months William Floyd, Rt. 1, Box 22D, Melbourne, AR 72556, Sino American Cooperative Organ. (July-Seattle) before reunions are scheduled and will be published (501) 368-7827 William Miller, 1261 NE 188th St., Seattle, 98155, WA on a first-come, first-served basis. "B" Co., 359th Engr. (Aug-Lafayette, IN) Noah Bennett, (206) 363-4290

JUNE 1984 35 NEWS TO USE LEGAL NOTICE

TO ALL PERSONS

WHO SERVED Minivans Are Hot New Items in the automotive field this IN OR NEAR year. (They're a cross between a station wagon and a full-sized van.) Manufac- turers can't keep up with orders. Attractions include maneuverability, compact- VIETNAM ness, seating for up to seven and reduced sway. Prices range from about $10,000 to $12,000. Meanwhile, sales of all types of utility vehicles continue to boom.

THE ARMED Computer Repairmen Will Be Needed in increasing numbers over the next 10 years, says the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A related FORCES OP THE trade, office machine repairing, also will grow rapidly, the bureau says. To make a career in these crafts, sign on with a major manufacturer, sta***" your own UNITED STATES, business or get into a franchise operation. AUSTRALIA Single Blood Pressure Readings may not be typical; AND multiple readings tend to be more accurate, say medical experts. A number of NEW ZEALAND do-it-yourself battery-powered electronic devices are appearing on the market. These devices, priced around $80 each, enable you to take your own blood pres- FROM 1961-1972 sure and pulse daily, simply by wrapping a cuff around your arm and inflating it. The results appear on a digital readout. However, leave interpretation of your blood pressure and pulse to your physician. "Normal" readings vary widely. if vou or anyone in your family can claim injury, illness, disease, death or birth defect as a result You Can't Get Lung Cancer from "smokeless tobaccos," also of exposure to "Agent Orange as snuff, being pushed in re- or any other herbicide while known now by tobacco manufacturers response to assigned in or near Vietnam at cent increases in the number of anti-smoking rules and more stringent industrial any time from 1961 to 1972, you safety requirements. But, warns the American Cancer Society, the newly fash- are a member of a class in an ac- tion brought on your behalf in ionable cigarette substitutes could cause oral cancer. the united States District Court for the Eastern District of New College Will Cost 8 Percent next fall. That's down York unless vou take steps to ex- More clude yourself from the class. from the 12 percent to 14 percent average increases recorded at the beginning of The class is limited to those who the 1983-1984 school year last September. Still, it's enough to bring the price of an were injured by exposure to "Agent Orange or any other education in a top-notch private college or university to about $13,000 a year. The herbicide while serving in the figure includes room, board and tuition, but no other incidental costs. Even more forces in or near Vietnam armed increases are likely in the future, although they probably won't be as large. at any time during 1961-1972. The class also includes members of families who claim derivative Take Inventory of What You Own to fortify claims in case injuries such as those to spouses of fire or theft and to establish tax losses, the Insurance Information Institute and children. The court expresses no opin- urges. Either make a list of your possessions or take photos or videotapes, the ion as to the merit or lack of institute suggests. Its free booklet, "Taking Inventory," shows you what to do merit of the lawsuit. and provides space for listing your items (call 800-221-4954 toll-free to get a For details about your rights in this "Agent Orange" class ac- copy). Tip: Keep one copy of your inventory away from home, in case of resi- tion lawsuit, call 1-800-645-1355 if dence fire. A safety deposit box at your bank is ideal. you are outside of New York State, or call 1-800-832-1303 if you are within New York state, If You Can't Write a Check on money you've just deposited or write Clerk of the Court, P.O. with your commercial bank, it's because your bank requires a waiting period of Box 887, Smithtown, New York 11787. between a few days and two weeks to permit deposited checks to "clear" the bank upon which they have been drawn. Yet, because of mounting complaints legislatures are Robert C. Heinemann from customers, the American Bankers Association and state Clerk, united States forcing banks to speed up their clearance procedures. That's because the advent District Court of computer technology and "electronic fund transfers" make faster clearings for the Eastern District of possible — and because, if you can't have immediate or nearly immediate access New York to funds you've just deposited, you've, in effect, handed your bank an interest- free loan. New York state has just enacted a law making clearance mandatory in DATED: Brooklyn, New York January 12, 1984 from one to eight days. Ask your bank for its schedule. But note, too, that credit unions and thrift institutions always will clear slower than commercial banks, for technical reasons. By Edgar A. Grunwald

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "

CIA Aa Only that the older leadership is still not prepared to Continued from page 14 see power go to the next generation. Also, you must recognize that the Communists rule by a committee or Qa Have you had problems with leaks on Capitol Hill? group system. Who's on top seems to have made little _ Occasionally, but I consider that part of the process. It difference since the days of Stalin. Aa is not something that happens often. And the record shows that such leaks usually are unintentional. Qa What do you consider the primary weakness of the Soviet system? Qa Since the CIA can only operate abroad, does this _ The rigidity and ineffectiveness of their bureaucratic make it more difficult to counter terrorism and espion- Aa control system and the stifling effect that has on the age within the US? Russian people and their economic and social systems. This _ There is very close and effective cooperation between is overlaid on intense demographic problems — a large and Aa the CIA and FBI. We pick up a lot of information rapidly growing percentage of non-Slavic Soviet peoples do abroad. We get advance notice about who is coming in and not fully identify with the Soviet state or the ruling elite. why they are coming. We pass this data on to the -FBI and they take over from there. The FBI, like every organiza- tion, has problems but it's doing a good job. It has in- creased the number of agents, its resources and its techni- "Communists rule by a cal capabilities to deal with the rising threat of hostile in- telligence and terrorist threats. It isn't only the Soviets committee system. Who's who steal our secrets, the by way. The East bloc countries on top [has] made little do a lot of it for them. The FBI has to handle all such prob- lems in this country. difference since Stalin.

Q« We repeatedly hear that the Russian people, in- cluding many of that nation's officials, are fed up with Communism. Should we be doing anything to encour- Qa Do you see any real hope of Communist Russia age more defections? ever abandoning its goals of world domination, or A Sure we should. The Soviets have lost agents through finally getting together with us and trying to achieve a defection and others have been expelled —more lately some kind of peaceful settlement of our differences.? than in a very long time. I think to some extent that has _ It would be very difficult to identify any time when been caused by cooperation and effective work among the Aa that might happen. Of course, you hope and pursue intelligence services of the western world. whatever possibilities open up. We hope their sanity will return one day and that they will see the folly of simply Qa Does Andropov's death and Chernenko's ap- building up huge armaments and turn, instead, to joining pointment portend any real change in Soviet behavior? us in building a better world.

CIA Director Casey during interview with Legion Magazine's editor-in-chief.

JUNE 1984 37 Home Front Continued from page 21

radio networks. In strong, resonant bed on Monday, June 5. Mrs. tones he said: Roosevelt was up most of the night, "Almighty God: Our sons, pride of she told her press conference the next GET 5 GENUINE U.S. our nation, this day have set upon a morning, trying to catch reports on mighty endeavor, a struggle to the radio — and worrying. She sum- SILVER MORGAN preserve our Republic, our religion med up the prevailing mood of the na- DOLLARS... and our civilization, and to set free a tion when she said: "This is not a suffering humanity. happy day. People must go through

0NLY^95 jHIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS We have acquired a limited supply of these beautiful historic coins in Very 5-W4R ICAN RALLY Fine grade or better. Get a set of 5 different date Morgan Dollars at this very special introductory price. Only $95 per 5 coin set plus $4.50 ship- ping, handling and insurance. Each coin contains almost a troy ounce of pure silver. We reserve the right to limit quantities. Full 7 day return

privilege if you are not completely satisfied. Credit card holders call TOLL FREE: 1-800-327-COIN, Florida resi- dents call TOLL FREE: 1-800-645-6075. Or order from: FIRST COINVESTORS. INC. 200 I.U. Wlllets Road mi Albertson, New York 11507

HAVE AN IDEA? We submit ideas, inventions, new products to industry

Call Toll Free 1-800-528-6060 Exi 831 Sales of US War Bonds spurted on D-Day. Here, a group of New York City high Arizona 1-800-352-0458 school students is shown at a rally in midtown Manhattan. o O invention Or Write: Kit: LEGI marketing 701 Smithfieid St. "Lead straight and true; give anxiety, suffering, loss." incorporated Pittsburgh, PA 15222 them She added IMI strength to their arms, stoutness in that "America's women will undergo their hearts, steadfastness in their this ordeal in the same courageous

faith . . . They will be sore tired, by way they have met all the tests in the night and by day, without rest — nation's history." MARTINS FLAGS until victory is won. The darkness The business, commercial and rec- will be rent by noise and flame. reational life of the country was Men's souls will be shaken with the significantly affected. All ball games in Prompt shipment. Ask for our violence of war. the National League were postponed; colorful WHOLESALE Catalog for 1984 "For these men are lately drawn none had been scheduled in the Amer- MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE, IOWA 5050) from the ways of peace. They fight not ican League. Around the US, tracks for the lust of conquest. They fight to suspended flat and harness racing. SwORLDw""^^^ end conquest. They fight to liberate. Most large stores closed early and sent s They fight to let justice arise, and to- their employees home. , SOUVENIRS A . Vi5 ( Ml 30,3oo" " original st;n .^^^k r* V'' lerance and good-will among all Thy In movie houses, which were 9 " 2 DELIVER. CHARGE SWORD 0 ^^EF ^ IN PARENTHESIS people. They fight for the end of battle, sparsely attended, news bulletins I RAVONET Hf^PARENTHE^^^™' I £ — ~- or written slides (a ^m\f J> for their return to the haven of home. were typed on and ' B ALSO GERMAN WWII and CIVIL WAR ITEMS L_' I "Some will never return. Embrace inserted between the frames of the iFREE™ COLLECTOR'S ARMOURY. Inc., Dept./JL jCATMf^ MO^LAT^R^LW^ ALEXANDRIA, VA these, Father, and receive them, Thy films. Before the stage show began at 22314J heroic servants, into Thy kingdom . . . the Paramount Theatre in New York, "With Thy blessing, we shall prevail bandleader Charlie Spivak asked the over the unholy forces of our enemy. audience to stand and pray silently. Help us to conquer the apostles of Phones began ringing at Red Cross American greed and racial arrogance . . . blood banks shortly after dawn. At the "Thy will be done, Almighty God. Washington center, volunteers had to Diabetes "Amen." be recruited to handle the calls and the Association The President told his wife, donors, who crowded into the offices Eleanor, the news before she went to waiting to donate their blood. The

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .

Gardeners: the June and July are "Weed Growth Months.

New York bank collected 1,764 pints Nowist^ and booked more than 2,000 appoint- ments for the next few days. Dona- tions at the Chicago headquarters were double that of the day before, Mantis and at Indianapolis the total given was 800 percent higher. Gardeners People gave not only their blood but also their money. That day alone, ac- Cut Weeding cording to the Civilian Defense Volun- teer Organization, sales of saving Time by 90%! stamps and bond pledges topped $3 million, more than four times the total of the day before. Cash-ins of war Readhow bonds dropped by 10 percent. A $16 billion war loan drive had been sched- theydo it... uled to begin June 12. Community after community reported people rush- ing to buy bonds and that quotas as- Stop fighting the annual battle the grass the "breathing signed were oversubscribed. with garden weeds! The Mantis room" to really thrive (and In veterans' hospitals, the word Precision Gardening System ends resist summer dry spells) flashed from ward to ward and men the weed cycle so you do up to • Cur near border edges along clustered around radios all day long. 90% less weeding] Right now— walks, around gardens and Maps were produced, unfolded and fol- during June and July (the peak trees. Keep back spreading lowed, with nurses as engrossed as weed growth months) — is the time grasses. Give your lawn and their patients. At Halloran General on to act! garden that professionally- Staten Island, N.Y., a 24-year-old Use the lightweight Mantis-20 groomed look buck sergeant, wounded in the inva- Tiller/Cultivator to zip through your • Dig deep (or shallow) planting sion of Sicily the year before, struck garden and destroy the sprouting furrows. Hill up around root his bed with a fist and said between annual weeds while they are young crop plants quickly and effi- clenched teeth: "Damn, why couldn't I and weak (and before they go to ciently with the Mantis be with them?" The New York Times seed). At the same time, you'll be reported that the sentiment was Planter/Furrower tines cutting off the new shoots of those echoed by many other men, there and 3-Week trial nagging perennial weeds that have in other hospitals. If all this sounds plagued you for years. In St. Louis, Mo., a 21-year-old too good to be true From and for as long office worker rose from her knees in now on— ...prove ittoyourself as your will church and, instead of heading for her garden grows— you with our 3-Week have eliminated of job, went straight to the recruiting 90% your weed- In-Your-Garden ing chores... foreveh. and induction center of the Office of Home Trial. If Naval Procurement to enlist in the And that's not all! you don't abso- In Waves. New York, a 46-year-old Because Mantis weighs just 20 lutely love the woman went shopping, learned the Mantis-20, lbs, you can maneuver it into tight news when she saw a sign on a store, corners, around plants and along pack it up and

"Closed is it — This D-Day," and took fence lines. Mantis turns on a return for a the subway to the WAC recruiting and dime... and runs forward or back- full refund— induction headquarters. She explained wards up and down rows. every penny! she had a son in England who was probably with the invasion forces. Look what else Mantis can do Mail They were hardly unique. In every Mantis is more than just a superb coupon below Mantis-20 city, recruiting offices were flooded tiller/cultivator! With its inexpen- for more free with applications from women of all sive, hard-working optional attach- information! 1983 MMC ages who sought to enlist in branches ments, you can do almost every-^ of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and thing you need around your home' Mantis Manfacturing Co. Coast Guard Reserve. The Waves re- and garden... with just this one crnvis 1458 County Line Rd„ Dept. 442 ported a 100-percent rise in en- machine! About the only thing Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 rollments. In Newark, N.J., WAC Mantis won't do is mow your lawn.) Please send more information on enlistments were triple those of the Use Mantis to: the Mantis Tiller/Cultivator. day before. • Trim branches, bushes and There was no commercial television, vines with the Power Trimmer Name_ of course, to report the news, but • Aerate your lawn to improve Address. radio the and newspapers tossed ev- water and air penetration Continued into the soil City • De-thatch your lawn to give State Zip. JUNE 1984 D-DAZ Home Front Continued

erything else aside when the word establishments shut down. came. Papers in Los Angeles, Detroit In Atlanta, prisoners in a federal and New York published "extras" penitentiary received permission to which contained no advertisements, to wear earphones, through which they give as much space as possible to the usually heard radio programs during invasion. The New York Herald certain hours, all through the day. Tribune devoted 35 full columns to the In Fort Worth, Tex., a murder trial assault. In Los Angeles, the Times was under way. When the judge heard and the Examiner used eight-inch- the invasion had started, he ordered high type, "INVASION." All news- the lawyers to suspend presentation of papers reported huge surges in circula- their testimony to enable everyone in tion. The Daily News in New York the courtroom to listen to the news sold 400,000 more copies that day for a from Normandy. total of 2,424,161, and the Chicago From every section of the country, Tribune went up by 100,000 to top 1 word came that day and the days that million. Many radio stations cancelled followed that workers in war plants all regular commercial broadcasts and and on farms were setting new pro- even omitted commercials to give duction records and absenteeism was more time to the news. hitting new lows. In Columbus, Ohio, Reports of funny things, curious a week later, factory officials proudly things came from all over: announced that production of Curtiss In Norfolk, Va., a baby girl was Helldiver planes took a sharp upward born to Mr. and Mrs. Randolph Ed- spurt. The Remington-Rand Co. of II- wards. They named her Dee Day. In liopolis, 111., reported women workers Dallas, Tex., another baby girl was were making the 103 bomb fuse in rec- named Invasia. ord time. In Chicago, a veteran of WWI donned So it went. The home front was his uniform, complete with medals, quietly confident, hungry for news, and vowed to wear it daily until he ready to give and to work, and above was certain of the success of the all else, prayerful as the soldiers, D-Day landings. sailors and airmen stormed across the In Reno, Nev., where wide-open English Channel and onto the beaches gambling was legal, all of the gaming of France.

Members of the US House of Representatives stood for a minute of silent prayer on D-Day, after a message from President Roosevelt.

40 1984... Still yourluck holds

Someone "up there" brought A priced right, wise buy. you through. "Someone" here, Just $24 per unit, per year (only 46c a now, provides vital protection week) provides up to $1 2,000 in supple- mental term insurance protection. Our for those you dearly love. full ten units deliver up to $1 20,000, only How much insurance is truly enough? $240 a year. You hear at the Post, read in the paper, experts say 5 times your annual income is today's average, but you don't really Act now to apply. believe that. Suddenly, from nowhere, As a Legionnaire under age 70, able to something strikes home. meet the health requirements of the A sign on your neighbor's house. plan's underwriter, you are eligible to apply. Complete your application on the "FOR IMMEDIATE SALE • at the best next page. The choice of units is yours to price offered." make. Mail application with check or money order for the correct premium amount. We'll process your application the Don't accept what experts promptly. say. For only 460 a week, Exclusions. No benefit is payable for you can provide comforting death as a result of war or an act of war, dollars. And you won't or within six months after termination of ever be "insurance poor". service in the military, naval or air force of any country or combination of countries. The American Legion Life Insurance Plan, the best ever compared to others, is available right now to you. Since 1 958 the pay-out has been more than $48 million benefit / '1 ^ dollars to fJ '"fc Legionnaires' ^ \ beneficiaries.

The last five years, by reported government figures, show that your cost of living has increased more than 50%. What does this mean? Simply this. More protection, now, is a vital need. Your luck still holds, the ACT additional dollars are readily available NOW i at a low, low cost. mail application today! f —

THE ONLY AMERICAN LEGION Join the ONLY Officially Approved Plan. LIFE INSURANCE PLAN Get up to 10 Units. 20% Benefit Bonus.

APPLY Select the num- TODAY BENEFITS—Annual Renewable Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-781) ber of units from the chart at Benefits determined by age at death and include 20% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths right, fill out the application be- occurring during 1984. Maximum coverage limited to 10 units. low and enclose your check or 10 Units 9 Units 8 Units 7 Units 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money order for the prorated Age at Death $240peryr. $216 peryr. $192peryr. $168 peryr. $144 peryr. $120peryr. $96peryr. $72 peryr. $48peryr. $24peryr. premium indicated to provide Through age 29 $120,000 $108,000 coverage for the rest of the cal- $96,000 $84,000 $72,000 $60,000 $48,000 $36,000 $24,000 $12,000 30-34 endar year. 96,000 86,400 76,800 67,200 57,600 48,000 38,400 28,800 19,200 9,600 35-44 54,000 48,600 43,200 37,800 32,400 27,000 21,600 16,200 10,800 5,400 IF YOU LIVE IN FL, IL, NJ, NY, 45-54 26,400 23,760 21,120 18,480 15,840 13,200 10,560 7,920 5,280 2,640 NC, OH, PR, TX, or Wl send for 55-59 14,400 12,960 11,520 10,080 8,640 7,200 5,760 4,320 2,880 1,440 special application. Applications 60-64 9,600 8,640 7,680 6,720 5,760 4,800 3,840 2,880 1,920 960 and benefits vary slightly in 65-69 6,000 5,400 4,800 4,200 3,600 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,200 600 some areas. Make check or 70-74* 3,960 3,564 3,168 2,772 2,376 1,980 1,584 1,188 792 396 money order payable to: The 75*-0ver 3,000 2,700 2,400 2,100 1,800 1,500 1,200 900 600 300 American Legion Life Insurance Prorated Premiumf $120 $108 $96 $84 $72 $60 $48 $36 $24 $12 Plan. *No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance.

fPRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR APPLICATION. The INCONTESTABILITY Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has

premiums shown above are for the balance of 1984 for approved been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date.

applications effective July 1 , 1 984. Premiums for applications effective

Aug. 1 , or later are proportionately less, by $2 PER UNIT PER MONTH, MAIL TO: The American Legion Life Insurance Plan and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums accompanying P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 non-approved applications will be refunded in full.

EFFECTIVE DATE Your insurance becomes effective on the first of day Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. the month coinciding with or next following the date your application is received, subject to Insurance Company's approval. Insurance Application Subject to Underwriter's Approval may be maintained in force by payment of premiums when due.

ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION OF INFORMATION

Information regarding your in-

Full , Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Name_ Last First Middle Mo. Day Year fidential except that Trans- america Occidental Life In- Permanent Residence. surance Co. may make a brief Street City State Zip report to the Medical Informa- tion Bureau (M.I.B.) a non-profit Name of Beneficiary. -Relationship. Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" membership organization of life insurance companies which Membership Card No Year Post No State- operates an information ex- change on of its behalf I apply for the number of units indicated: members. Upon request by ) another member insurance The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment: Answer all questions. company to which you have ap-

plied for life or health insurance, 1. Present occupation? , , Are you now actively working? or to which a claim is submit- Yes No If no, give reason , , , , ted, the M.I.B. will supply such 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, company with the information it length of stay and cause. may have in its files. 3. During the last five years, have you had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, The Company may also release lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood information in its file to its rein- pressure or alcoholism? No Yes If yes, give details surers and to other life in- surance companies to which this true you may apply for life or health I represent that to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on enrollment card are

and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any Insurance granted upon it under the policy. insurance, or to which a claim I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to is submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of

you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- Dated , 19 Applicant offers this Insurance through Occidental Life Insurance closure of any information it The American Legion Transamerica Company, Home Office: Los Angeles, California may have in your file. Medical GMA-300-19 1P-79 (Univ.) 5684 information will only be dis- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION closed to your attending physi-

left. I authorize any cian. If you question the ac- I have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information at Further, curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person rection in accordance with the having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica Occidental Life In- procedures set forth in the Fed- surance Company any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. The address of the Bureau's in-

Applicant . formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated , 19 Signature of

Essex Station, Boston, Mass. n I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. REGISTERED U. S. PATENT OFFICE D-DAY + 40 YEARS 120 Years of Proven Results! Continued from page 19

v INSTANT RELIEF and beyond often wonder how landed about 250 Canadian soldiers on D-Day >\ FROM AGONY OF Gold Beach, east of the US sector. The they survived. They also have strong ship also carried tanks, armored vehi- feelings about war and peace. cles, ammunition and 14 two-wheeled As an ordnance company sergeant, ITCHING! trailer tanks filled with 14,000 gallons it was John Bauman's job to land on of high-octane gasoline. "In the confu- Omaha Beach and set up an ammuni- HEMORRHOIDS sion it took nearly two hours to unload tion depot. "On the way in," he says, PSORIASIS - ECZEMA everything," Vensel remembers, "and "the LST right next to ours was blown For blessed temporary relief that can give you a new lease we were strafed by one or more Ger- sky high. Shells were geysering all on life...just rub ADAM'S TARLEINE Ointment over the I man planes flying only 50 to 75 feet around us, and wanted to land, but affected areas! over the beach. Luckily, we didn't quick!" Once ashore, Bauman and his RELIEVES THROUGH HEALING!

take a direct hit. But I'm afraid most men set up their ammo dump, the first "I was troubled with a bad leg sore for many years and at of the troops we carried in on the first on Omaha. "We were a prime target times was unable to walk. After trying many prescriptions wave were wiped out." but never got hit." The sergeant him- and medicines a friend recommended TARLEINE, which Fred Alles of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., a self came through the entire war with- healed the leg in a very short time and I have never been bothered since". ...J.S., San Bernardino, Calif chief radioman with the Coast Guard, out a scratch — "but I sure wouldn't "I have used TARLEINE and found that it is everything you was on LCI-86, a 125-foot landing want to do it again!" claim it to be. It has cured my piles and I am so thankful to craft that never landed. "We spent After the war, Bauman married the you for putting out such a remedy".. W.J.P, Indianapolis, most of the ferrying officers girl back at his base in D-Day he had met Ind.

from ship to ship just off shore, includ- Weymouth, England. For 28 years, he Send check or money order today for only $24.00 postpaid

ing on one shuttle trip, Gen. Omar taught in military dependent schools, for supply of two. Not available in stores. 30 DAY MONEY Bradley," Alles recalls. "We were shot 13 of the years in West Germany. "If BACK GUARANTEE ...You have nothing to lose but pain! at all day long, but never got hit." I've learned anything from experi- my CHARLES L.ADAMS MEDICINE CO. Not all of the D-Day action was on ences," he says, "it is that we've got to P.O. Box 118, Dept. AL-18, Solvay, N.Y. 13209 land and sea. Clifford W. Hagen, of have better communications among Indian Harbour Beach, Fla., was a people so there'll never be another 24-year-old lieutenant in the Army Air world war." Vietnam Designed Products! (6-Color Design!) — Corps whose job it was to fly one of Peace is uppermost in the minds of

FLAGS I SERVED ... The veterans who lived through he told this reporter. "We can never Shirt/Tank-Top $8.99 Shirt/Tank-Top $7.99 forget what they did for us. Future Sweatshirt $11. 99 Sweatshirt $11. 50 generations also must not forget." QUALITY GUARANTEED BAG Michel de Vallavielle, the longtime MO/Check, GA Sales tax $8.99 (worth $12.00) mayor of Ste. Marie-du-Mont, im- mediately behind Utah Beach, also is D & G, P. 0. Box 12105, Columbus, GA 31907 determined to provide a lasting memorial to D-Day. 30.06 BLANKS The diminutive mayor, now 64, bears few scars from his wounds — and no grudges. "C'est la guerre," he says with a shrug and smile. "The impor- tant thing is that we always remember the sacrifices of our liberators." Similar sentiments were voiced by Lucienne Guillot, though nine Mme. Standard U.S. non-corrosive type M-9 blanks. 250 members of her family, including her linked rdsper carton, 1000 rds (4ctns) per wood case.

mother and father, were killed in the IOC Per Rd *25°°PerCtn *100°° Per Case bombing and shelling that devastated NO LICENSE REQUIRED much of Normandy. "We had to pay ORDER TOLL FREE 800-423 4552 818-350-4304 the price," she told the American IN CA, AK, HI CALL COLLECT French civilians erected this journalists in Bayeux, Where she now Visa and Mastercard accepted. FREE CATALOG with order or send $1.00 to: Federal Ordnance, P.O. Box tribute to a US soldier killed lives. "The lesson is very simple: We 6066, Dept AL, So. El Monte, CA 91733. on D-Day at Carentan, France. Continued

JUNE 1984 43 —.

PROUD TO BE A D-DAY + 40 Continued VIETNAM VETERAN Identify Yourself With Pride

STAND AND BE COUNTED as the proud Vietnam Veteran you are! must remain strong. We must defend IDENTIFY yourself as thousands are doing! NOW, more than ever, America ourselves. We must prepare for war if is accepting and acknowledging the Vietnam Veteran. Your personal sacrifices deserve recognition! The illustrated license plate frame will not we want peace." only give America, but other Vietnam Veterans the opportunity to recognize Like many other French citizens, you! Mme. Guillot often visits the American cemetery at Colleville-sur-Mer to walk VIETNAM VETERAN beside the graves of the 9,386 Ameri- cans and to place flowers in the Gar- den of the Missing, ©Patriotic Pride, 7115 Blanco Rd., Ste. 114-74, Dept. A, San Antonio, TX 78216 bearing the names of 1,557 others. "I am sad for these Send $7.95 check or money order for one license plate frame or $11.95 for two frames brave young Americans who came (price includes postage and handling — Texas Residents add 5.5% sales tax) to: Patriotic Pride, 7115 Blanco Rd., Ste. 114-74, Dept. A, San Antonio, TX 78216. from so far away, to die for us. We can never forget them. But I am also This distinctive license plate frame is made of a- durable polystyrene plastic with raised white letters on a black textured surface.

With every frame ordered, a contribution on behalf of America's Vietnam Veterans will be made to NON PROFIT Vietnam Veteran Organizations. Please check appropriate box for the frame(s) of your choice: The Friendly VIETNAM VETERAN WIFE OF A VIETNAM VETERAN PROUD TO BE A VIETNAM VETERAN MY SON IS A VIETNAM VETERAN Invasion NAME (Please Print) ADDRESS/APT. # L

CITY _ STATE ZIP French authorities are going all-out to -- Please allow 6-8 weeks for delivery money refunded if not satisfied pay tribute to the historic landings and A VIETNAM VETERAN DEVELOPED AND USA to the soldiers who served in the PRODUCED PRODUCT "Great Crusade" to liberate Europe. Charles Emmons, an official at the U.S. Embassy in Paris, who is helping Sensational Not $15 now $^>99 to coordinate the 40th anniversary events, says: "We expect the largest Notsio only Price Break! Xr turnout ever." The Comite du Debar- quement, France's official D-Day com- Great New Health and Beauty Aid! memoration committee, anticipates that at least 100,000 overseas visitors PROFESSIONAL will crowd the 50-mile stretch of allied invasion beaches on June 6. TOENAIL CLIPPER President Reagan is expected to de-

Trims Toughest Nails Fast and Smoothly . . liver an address that day at the US Helps Prevent Painful Ingrown Toenails cemetery at Colleville-sur-Mer, over- looking Omaha Beach. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher will visit Gold and Sword beaches, where men of England and the Commonwealth landed. And Canadian Prime Minister • Surgical FULLY GUARANTEED— Great for the whole family Pierre Elliott is due at Juno Chromeplate Steel Trudeau Try it for 14 days-lf not completely delighted, Side-Angle • Tapered simply return for full refund of purchase price Beach, where the 3rd Canadian Divi- Curved Com- Blades • (except ship. & hdlg.). Our policy is to process fort-Grip Handles • Extra- sion disembarked 40 years ago. all orders promptly. Credit card orders are proc- Maneuver Long, Easy To essed upon credit approval. Delays notified French President Francois Mitterand Save S$ on salon visits & doctor bills! promptly. Shipment guaranteed within 60 days. will of the ceremonies. BEST TOENAIL CLIPPER EVER! — •SATISFACTION GUARANTEED— MAIL TODAY! host many very to use. Fast . . . healthful ... and easy OLD VILLAGE SHOP, Dept. VZ-8752 American Legion Nat'l. Cdr. Keith hard work, no Unique Swedish design-No Bldg. #9, Hanover, PA 17333 struggle to reach where you want to reach. Helps pre- Kreul will participate in D-Day cere- Yes! Please rush my Swedish-Style Toenail vent agonizing ingrown toenails . . . Gives your feet an Clipper(s) (Z555508), on full money-back guar- monies. Representatives of the seven attractive, well-groomed look. The angled blades slide antee. under nail corners to cut quickly, evenly. Great do-it- that in One Professional Toenail Clipper for only US infantry divisions fought yourself pedicure-Helps cut the cost of salon visits $2.99 plus $1.00 shipping & handling. and doctor bills. Normandy— the 1st, 2nd and 29th at SAVE EVEN MORE! 2 for just $4.88 plus $1.50 DURABLE CHROMEPLATE STEEL shipping & handling. Omaha Beach and the 4th, 9th, 79th LONG HANDLES FOR BEST LEVERAGE Enclosed is $ (PA res. add sales tax) Why didn't someone think of this before ... A Clipper and 90th at Utah Beach — also will be CHARGE IT: (Minimum $5.00) MasterCard that's anatomically correct and really easy to maneuver! Diners Club VISA American Express on hand, as well as about 200 veterans Surgical chromeplate steel—Curved 4-inch handles for extra leverage. Cuts through toughest nails like butter Acct. No. of the 101st and 82nd airborne divi- . . . Won't harm delicate, fragile nails. Leaves a clean, Exp. Date (please print:) smooth edge ... No chance of snagging expensive hose. sions and a handful of former Rangers, comparison, and pointed NAME Other clippers are clumsy by survivors of the commando assault on scissors can cause infection-Why put up with them! ADDRESS Order your Precision Toenail Clipper today-At the Pointe-du-Hoc. incredible low price of only $2.99! CITY STATE OLD VILLAGE SHOP, Hanover, PA 17333 .zip. 5 © H.H.I. 1984 1 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ( 6 HAVE FUN proud of the human race, proud that there were such men, willing to give their lives so others could be free." GETTING AROUND! Veterans returning to Normandy will find many such people who ap- Let Electric Mobility give you INDEPENDENCE preciate the Americans, today as yes- they visit the paceful terday. As now 3-Wheel to Independence beaches and travel through the green with the Rascal and Cyclechair. and prospering countryside and look You can enjoy long, relaxing, comfortable rides every on the bright and cheerful faces of the day . . . and put new fun and freedom into your life. young, they will know that D-Day was Mail the coupon below or call today for immediate worth the price ... as they remember information and you'll receive a free fascinating 1 those who paid it. page full color catalog.

It introduces you to the exciting lightweight three- wheelers from Electric Mobility. It's a whole new A highlight of the observance at way to get around ... visit friends . . . buy groceries Utah Beach will be the dedication of a . . . a new way to travel. So versatile, that many doc- 24-foot obelisk, erected by the Ameri- tors prescribe them for their patients. can Battle Monuments Commission. You control variable speeds, stopping and Helicopters will fly in some of the forward/reverse, with just one hand! 20,000 visitors expected to witness the The catalog shows you how to operate a three- 5 ceremony on June 6. There'll be p.m. wheeler, easily and safely, on virtually any terrain. field kitchens and first aid tents, re- How you can shop, vacation and sightsee at your

miniscent of wartime. leisure. It shows how quickly it packs into the trunk

With hotels from Cherbourg to Di- or back seat of your car . . .you'll never want to take eppe booked solid for the anniversary, another trip without it.

many as long as two years ago, the When it comes to short trips around your neighbor- French government railway plans to hood or town, why bother with the car at all? A roll some 60 sleeping cars onto sidings CycleChair or Little Rascal takes you where you want to go, when you want to go, with no gas to pump, in the area. More than 2,000 local resi- or oil to change. dents have opened their homes, free to individual veterans unable to find ac- Mail or call right now, for the complete story. commodations elsewhere. Called "The See how the powerful rear differential drive Normans Remember," the volunteer goes up steep inclines, across grass or gravel, even around the house on thick gesture is evidence of an enduring carpets, without bogging down. gratitude to the allied liberators. Hundreds of day trips from Paris Discover how to get exercise and trans- have been organized by tour oper- portation too, on an Adult Trike fea- turing a lightweight aluminum frame. ators, box lunches included. One Pedalling is so easy, you'll think you're on tour, called D-Day "Operation a lightweight bicycle. Friendly Invasion," provides all- Read about how you can electrify any bike or adult inclusive service York, with from New pedal trike with a PEDALPOWER Electric Motor stopovers in London and Paris. System. In Normandy, the liberation day Use the coupon below to receive your free 16 celebrations will progress from the page full color catalog, 10th Anniversary Free D-Day landings in June to the allied Gift Offer, and information about possible capture of Mortain in August, follow- Medicare and insurance reimbursement ing the path of the German retreat 40 when your three-wheeler is ordered with a years ago. Later on, it will be Paris's LITE TRIKE doctor's prescription. turn, then that of cities, towns and vil- lages in Luxembourg and Belgium, - which expect a tenfold increase in 30 DAY TRIAL MONEY BACK GUARANTEE tourism this summer. Bastogne,

Yes, I would like to receive the Free where Gen. Anthony McAuliffe an- the coupon . . Send Electric Mobility Catalog . Please swered "Nuts" to German demands for for your FREE include Medicare details and Special surrender in the Battle of the Bulge, 10th Anniversary Free Gift Offer, expects a record number of American Catalog and Special valued over $200. visitors. Meantime, in England, from Offer, call or ELECTRIC MOBILITY CORP., Dept. 674 where "Operation Overlord" was TOLL FREE... 591 Mantua Blvd., Sewell, NJ 08080 launched, other anniversary events NAME are planned, including "Glenn Miller 1-800-MOBILITY style" big band concerts in the port 1-800-662-4548 ADDRESS city of Southampton. CITY STATE ZIP PHONE JUNE 1984 l_ I TERRORISM! Add to your family's Continued from page 17 security for as little media as springboards. Media cover- age provides enormous political lever- age to an act that on its own might as 46* a week. simply be viewed as barbaric. The media also mold public perceptions about the success The American Legion under age 70, able to or failure of the ter- rorist operation and, more important- Life Insurance Plan meet health require- ly, about the competence of govern- offers extra security you ments of the plan's ments in meeting the threat. can afford. Now more underwriter, you than ever. For can apply now. just 46

The role of the media was critical throughout the Iranian hostage crisis. American thirst for news was carefully manipulated by the so-called "stu- dents," a term reflecting the success of the terrorists' propaganda campaign. Nor was this accidental. Some of the The American Legion Life Insurance Plan leaders in the hostage crisis had spent P.O. Box 5609* Chicago, IL 60680 years in the US learning the craft of video politics.

Yes, I want to apply. Send details fast. NAME Refined Modus Operandi STREET To assure headline coverage, ter- rorist organizations must sustain sur- CITY STATE ZIP_ prise, panic and genuine disruption. BIRTH DATE While amateurs continue to rely on Month Day Year time-proven tactics like skyjacking or embassy seizures, these methods can be defeated. Governments learn slowly, but they do learn. The truly professional, imaginative terrorist will

GARDENING? NEW TIGER TILLER . . . FUN TO RUN be forced to adapt his methods, tools and targets in order to survive in fact WEIGHS 22 LBS DOES 4 HOURS WORK IN ONE . . . BUSTS SOD . and in the public eye. TILLS KNEE DEEP . . . WEEDS FAST . . . WITHOUT HARD WORK The spectrum of potential disruption RUNS SINGLE HANDED . . WONT JUMP OR BOUNCE LIKE OTHER TILLERS . . . is It IMPROVES YOUR SOIL . MAKES YOUR GARDEN BETTER THAN EVER BEFORE also being enlarged. may even

One month money back trial per period, include the threat of nuclear or chemi-

send for free gardening guide . . . you cal weapons. Just imagine the lever- might win a tiller. age one atomic weapon and the appro- Not sold in stores . . . write for literature. priate launching give Write to Allentown Tiller Co. DepL A apparatus would c'o Allentown Feed Co. Main SL Allen- to an independent or sub-national ter- town, NJ 08501. rorist organization. If the US faced NAME the annihilation of, perhaps, 100,000 or STREET even a million Americans if it failed to CITY accede to the demands of a terrorist

STATE ZIP . GASOLINE POWERED TILLS 18 IN. WIDE WEEDS BETWEEN ROWS group, what demand would be consid- at RUNS S HRS. ON 1 GAL. RUNS SINGLE HANDED AND PLANTS 12-9-6 For rush delivery^ caH Betty Allen TILLS KNEE DEEP AND 2 IN. WIDE 201-530-9380 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Oakhurst International Proudly Announces: THE NORMANDY LIBERATION/D-DAY ATRIBUTETO OURCOMRADES, ered too great, what principle too sa- fif FAMILY cred? Any civilized government would Oakhurst International Inc P.O. Box 348, Main 8tation, be held hostage by its reverence for Port Huron, human life and its fervent hope that Michigan 48061-0348 violence could be averted. Where a crude fission bomb might threaten several hundred thousand people, a chemical weapon — affecting large numbers of people — could be

Now you can acquire this unique collection of medals, hand sculpted in France. Each is a lasting trill!! to the young soldiers who gave their lives to free a foreign land and to those who have not survived to observe this 40th D-Day anniver- sary.

In memory of the 10,000 who fell on the longest day Researched and crafted in France each medal depicts the battles of the five "Khomeini's Kamikazes," an Irani sectors ofthe Normandy Invasion force. group (above) attends classes in "Omaha", "Utah", "Gold", "Juno", "Sword", Ste Mere Eglise and Pegasus Front depicts U.S. troop landing. Reverse shows terrorist tactics. Members are Bridge. detailed map of the UTAH and OMAHA ready to die for Islam, if needed. battle zones, The names of five battle zones. Names copper that represent the many brave Ameri- cut edge. produced at a tiny fraction of the cost. can, Canadian and British soldiers who A guaranteed, limited offering As a result, we may begin to see rogue fell in their valiant effort to restore ... so order yours today! freedom to the people of France. nations or terrorist subnational groups Oakhurst International Incorporated relying on the threat of chemical and Hand sculpted in France as a unconditionally guarantees that the radiological weapons to achieve their lasting tribute to its Allies full amount, less shipping, you pay will Cast in copper from finely sculpted be returned should you not be satisfied. political or foreign policy objectives. originals, each medal is then carefully Two sets may be acquired per person at Less dramatic but equally danger- enrobed in silver and hand polished. the initial low price of $99.95 each. ous is the potential for threats against This old world silver finish enhances Order now and receive at no charge, the technological infrastructure of our and beautifies the raised image. Each this matching key ring. (Key ring may society— perhaps the Achilles heel of is then 'framed' by a circular, diamond be purchased separately at $6.95). the Western world. Urban man has Order now. Limited offer. become wholly reliant on his nation's FREE KEY RING THE NORMANDY LIBERATION / D-DAY, infrastructure supply basic needs. (Shown actual size) to OMAHA/UTAH A COMMEMORATIVE TRIBUTE. But that infrastructure is the product commemorative key ring. Oakhurst International Inc. of accretion; it has been patched to- Free with purchase of set of P.O. Box 348, Main Station, Port Huron, medals or order as many as gether with little planning and no Michigan 48061-0348 you wish @ $6.95 each, plus thought to its ability to survive attack. shipping charges. LIMITED TO TWO SETS PER PERSON Omaha/Utah battle zone Please send me set(s) plus my FREE key ring(s) of The design and placement of electric map on reverse. medals at $99.95 per set plus $10.00 shipping, handling and generation * and natural gas distribution insurance. Total $ systems, water systems, oil refineries, Or send me OMAHA/UTAH key rings at $6.95 pumping stations and pipelines reflect each plus $1.65 shipping and handling (total $ )* *U.S. funds. Michigan residents add 4% sales tax. the priorities of a past era. Their efficiency lies in their size and cen- Total amount $ tralization. These systems form an in- Charge it to my Visa MasterCard (or accept my tricate and extremely fragile web. cheque or money order) For an all-encompassing system like Card account no. Expires electric power, there are no available Signature damage control options, no ways to halt the feedback into other networks. PLEASE PRINT: (Imagine New York City, on a scorch- Name ing day in summer or in near-zero Address Continued City .State -Zip PLEASE ALLOW 6 TO 8 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY. JUNE 1984 ! I

TERRORISM! Continued

m iK^LW hf Well, in pre-Castro Havana, it was practically the uniform of well- weather in winter, without an electri- dressed men. In that hot humid cal supply. But climate control for tropical climate, suits and ties were out of the question, but human survival is not the only prob- the Guayabera more than lem.) A major power failure would filled the bill. Today, the Guayabera has paralyze the sanitary and water sys- become the hot-weather leisure tems, food supply, computerized net- favorite of Chief Executives and works like banking and insurance, professional men all across the U.S.A. Wherever it's hot & manufacturing, transportation: every sticky (that's everywhere in vital service of the affected area. July!), smart men wear the That this kind of attack is likely is Guayabera not mere speculation. Since 1970, over 200 attacks worldwide have been di- rected against electric utilities, from California to Puerto Rico, from France to the Philippines. So far, these attacks have been

Crisp, fresh and handsome. 4 big pockets largely ineffective, but they raise the to handle all a man's things. And Comfort? prospect of very large disruption, even Haband recommends the Guayabera as the orld's all-around coolest, roomiest, unique-est if there are few direct human casual- summer shirt, in light weight, wash and wear ties. The vulnerability of Western polyester and cotton. societies' life-support systems invites Great details, like row-on-row of tiny pin-tuck pleats, lots of button trim, easy L-O-N-G length, focused sabotage. If successful, such and comfy full cut. Once you try one, you'll swear attacks might even exceed the self- by its good looks and summer comfort. Order here healing limits of society. Haband's Polyester & Cotton is evidence that 97 v2 - There growing Guayabera 2 for $27.95 training for just such attacks is being 3 for 541.75 Shirt 4 for developed and refined by terrorist HURRY! Supplies Limited! 13 $55.60 SIZES AVAILABLE organizations. Some governments This is a sharp shirt at a very sharp price, HABAND I 265 N. 9th St.. SI14-14V4I; MI15-15'A); LI16-16W) have contingency plans, trained per- and once this ad appears nationally, Paterson. NJ 07530 XLI17-17WI; 2XU18-18H): •3XLM9-19Vi they'll go fast. So don't delay. You'll want sonnel and equipment allocated. Many, them all; crisp White and the cool Blue, MINIMUM ORDER: 2 SHIRTS including the US, do not. When full remittance of i Tan and Mint, so order today. I HOW WHAT plus $1.95 for postage & handling. Color 191 MANY? SIZE? targets cannot respond, terrorists We'll be glad to send them on Full I WHITE A a far better chance of success and Money-Back Approval. Try them on, OR CHARGE: have I Acct ' BLUE B show the family. Then if you are not of meeting their primary objectives: TAN C 100% delighted, return the shirts for I political turmoil and economic disruption. MINT D your full remittance back — You'll Never I Guarantee: It upon receipt I do not choose to wear the Get a Better Deal! shirts I mav I return them within 30 days for a full refund of every penny I paid you What to Do? j Nam- 70T-191 HABAND For the US, the challenge of ter- Stree Apt I 265 N. 9th St.. Paterson. NJ 07530 | rorism is not just to protect or phone order (201) 942-9452 immense, City -Zip | our people and property, but also to prevent terrorists from exerting sub- stantial impact on our foreign policy. FORCES To an extent, this is unavoidable, as ARMED it, we found in Iran. To minimize we must prepare. We also must deal with C terrorism's roots as well as its effects. We need to adopt a seven-part Medals • Ribbons • Patches • Badges I I SUPPLIES strategy: Uniforms • Display Boxes • Books • Models LJ^^ I iJ^ EQUIPMENT • The Pentagon Commission report 1 UNIFORMS / PAST & J^ ACCESSORIES on the Beirut bombing said, "US mili- Send for our NEW Catalog! tary forces lack an effective capability & INSIGNIA / PRESENT * Include name of organization you work for to respond to terrorist attacks." It called for development of "a broad For New 84, 136 page catalog send $2.00 to: japan P.O. Box 313 Dept. 6A tsleta, NM 87022 Dept. AM.P.O BOX 354, Grant Park, IL 60940 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . When yourknees gobad...you're ing exercises, aimed at developing smooth working routines in crisis conditions, are also important. • Counter-terrorist intelligence to thwart attacks before they occur is in trouble! one of the most critical elements of an effective response and is now a "Cotton" Barlow, critical part of national security Now thanks to Coach abroad. At home, however, this in- there's an answer! telligence must be coupled with con-

stitutional safeguards. Lightweight non-metal construction allows full • Advanced technology needs to be Custom form fitting pad motion and can design prevents slipping range of used to strengthen potential targets, be comfortably worn for and affords maximum hours. to reduce the terrorist's capability for mobility and comfort damage and to deny leverage. • US foreign policy must contain or resolve conflicts abroad where ter- rorism, is an offshoot. This is now par- ticularly true in the Middle East, but Absorbs shock Significantly continually re- it will be incrasingly true in other that is duces impact from applied to the a blow to the side parts of the world. front, sides and of the knee. back of the joint. • Far more cooperation is required among nations threatened by terror- ism — not just conventions against Adds strength and Comes in 5 different stability directly to sizes to ensure hijacking, but broad-rangng agree- where support and proper fit for either ments to work together to share intel- protection is needed. knee. ligence, limit opportunities and deny

sanctuary to terrorists. Nobody knows more about crippling knee So comfortable you can wear it for • Finally, we must not become so pain, stiffness and strain than "Cotton" hours and non-allergenic too. Choose Barlow. from five sizes for your perfect fit. panic-stricken by the potential for ter- The veteran football coach has seen NO RISK OFFER rorism that we overreact. As serious plenty of it in his years on and off the We urge you to try Coach Barlow's re- as the problem is, we must not so limit field. markable knee supports for 30 days. If it our liberties in the effort to be pre- He's also discovered that ordinary knee doesn't bring you pain-free relief, we'll supports and elastic bandages just can't refund your money without questions. pared that we end up doing the ter- do the job. So he finally set to work to find Don't let the pain and anxiety of "bad" rorists' work for them. a way to add strength and stability di- knees get you down. Order today. Specify Intelligent analysis and preparation rectly to the joint where support and pro- size in coupon below. are the keys. Thus far, we have tection are needed most. WHAT FOLKS TELL US tended to discount the terrorist threat FOR PEOPLE OF ALL AGES ABOUT OUR KNEE SUPPORT:

and to treat each incident on its own Today, thanks to his unique invention, "I'm 80 years old and certainly not an athlete . . . thousands of men, women and children of but now I can garden again and be active 'cause 1 merits. In the future, a heightened wear your brace." L.W. Oconto Falls, WI all ages may lead active, pain-free lives find risk of attack may our govern- despite serious knee problems. "At first I wasn't sure . . . now I want a brace for the other knee. I've had knee problems for the last ment unprepared, undermining its Coach Barlow's fantastic invention 5 years. I only wish I had known of this brace 5 credibility abroad and weakening trust uses no metal yet it provides maximum years ago. I'm so grateful. Thank you." Continued lateral and cap support. This incredibly J.N. Hartwell, GA at home. lightweight support absorbs shocks and "This support is a great help to me. I could prevents the twisting. And BARLOW™ hardly get around before I got it. Thank knee support provides soothing warmth you." A.J. Springfield, OR to injured or arthritic joints. © 1984 BARLOW KNEE SUPPORT INC

IN CASE OF FIRE BREAK GLASS BARLOW™ KNEE SUPPORT, INC., Dept. AL064 406 So. Ella, Sandpoint, Idaho 83864 Enclosed please find $ for BARLOW knee supports. One BARLOW knee support $19.95 plus $1.00 Shpg & Hdlg. Two BARLOW knee supports $39.90 plus $2.00 Shpg. & Hdlg. Enclosed is my Check Money Order or Charge my Visa Mastercard. 1 .Credit Card Customers call NOW! Toll Free 1-800-824-7888 Operator #115 Card No Date FOR CORRECT SIZE Measure around the knee, one inch above the knee cap. CIRCLE ONE 15") 15" 17") 17" 19" 21" 21" (SM under (MED to under (LG to under 19"i(XL to under I ( XXL and over). If in doubt, send exact measurement

PRINT NAME_ ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP . JUNE 1984 1

PROTECT YOUR GOOD CLOTHES WHEN DOING DIRTY WORK! COVERALL JUMPSUIT

is LONGLASTING PAINTING CAR REPAIRS WASHABLE TEAR RESISTANT MADE OF TYVEK™

KEEP ONE IN DRAWER GARDENING HOUSE HOL d emergencies OR GLOVE COMPARTMENT BY DUPONT

WT American Automotive Technologies (Dept. CJ- 29 ) 365 N Rt 9W. Congers. New York 10920 Who's Who in International Please send me TyvekTM COVERALL Now you can make roadside repairs JUMPSUIT(S) in the sizes specified below @ $4 99 plus 75c postage and handling or change a flat even while dressed SMALL MEDIUM LARGE in your finest clothes. Zippered SPECIAL SAVINGS: Order any 2 for $8.99 plus $1.25 pstg. & coveralls slip on over clothing in hdlg (SAVE $1 24) EXTRA SAVINGS: Order any 4 tor $16 99 plus $2 50 pstg. & hdlg seconds and protect against dirt (SAVE $3 49 and stains. Reusable garment is I must be completely satisfied or I may return them within 30 days for full refund (except pstg hdlg a & I washable, virtually tear free, water Since 1962, according to US govern- Enclosed is my check or money order tor $ ment figures, the world's 700 identi- repellent and chemical resistant. Sorry, no C CD 's New York residents please add appropriate sales tax. fiable guerrilla and terrorist groups Made of super strong TYVEK™ by CHARGE-IT: (min. order $10 00) VISA MASTERCARD have committed more than 8,000 DUPONT® . Great for men or CREDIT CARD* ! major acts of political violence, a third women. Use also for painting, EXP DATE / of which resulted in death or injury. plumbing or gardening. Available in The number of incidents grows each (S) 36-38 (M) 40-42 (L) 44-46 ADDRESS. year as terrorism is expanding into please specify size. CITY STATE ZIP previously unaffected countries. t 1984 Anwncjn »uio motive Ttchnotogitt The State Department lists 4 countries — Libya, Syria, South (REG $26 00) NOW Yemen and Cuba— as direct support- Cumfort Classics '19.90 ers of terrorism. The Soviet Union has These stylish, heavenly comfortable classics are beautifully made with also been accused of aiding terrorism supple uppers, cushioned insoles, and perfect \W heels. Order style "Teaser" in White, Bone, Camel, Navy, Black. Now only by arming various groups. $19.90 per pr. Save even more—2 pair $36.00. Add $1 .80 per pr Several of the more prominent ter- post. VISA/MC/AX send acct. # exp. date. Credit card phone orders call 713/650-0916. Refund if not delighted. rorist organizations include: Sofoear Shoes, Dept. 372C, ten San Jacinto, Houston. TX 77002. Two Armenian groups — the Armen- ian Secret Army for the Liberation of Hawaiian Classic Armenia (ASALA) and the Justice Commandoes of the Armenian Cobbler Apron! Geno- Floral Float cide (JCAG) whose alleged goals are: when • Retaliation against the Turks for the 88 buying ONLY $-|2 three massacre of approximately Wi million or more $-1488 Armenians in 1915; • Attractive and Comfortable • historical This colorful comfortable Hawaiian • Wrinkle-free The liberation of Arme- • Six Fabulous Colors float will brighten up every occasion nian lands from Turkey; Choose either a brilliant red or blue As good looking and comfortable as it is floral print. Superbly tailored • Reunification with Soviet Armenia of fine practical with two roomy carry-all pock- easy-care, machine-washable poly- ets. Finely tailored of wrinkle free as a socialist democratic state. cotton blend with two roomy side texturized poly-cotton blend. Com- pockets A Croatian group, the Croatian pletely machine washable. Sizes: Med Sizes: S. M. L. XL. Order Style #553 (fits 6-14), Lg. (fits 1 6-22). Order Style Freedom Fighters (CFF), is report- (Floral float). Buy ONE for $14.88— #817 (Cobbler Apron). Send $12 88 Save even more TWO for only edly international anti- — each when ordering THREE OR an Yugoslav $27.88. Specify Style #. color and MORE, $13.88 EACH for TWO, organization committed to the estab- size. Add $1 .80 postage and han- i only $14.88 for ONE. Add $1 80 dling per order VISA/MC/AX send of of postage and handling per order. lishment an independent state acct. # and exp. date. Credit card VISA/MC/AX send acct. # and exp. Croatia in claim phone orders call 713-650-0916. order to responsibility date. Credit card phone orders call Refund if not delighted Catalog incidents. 713/650-0916. Catalog $1 .00 or FREE for terrorist $1 .00 or FREE with order. with order. The Cuban group, Omega Seven, is Sofwear, Dept. 373c, Sofwear, Dept. 374c. allegedly a fanatical anti-Castro Cuban y 1 8 1 1 Sen Jacinto, Houston, TX 77002 1811 San Jacinto, Houston, TX 77002. exile group fighting to combat Castro's (REG. $27.00) NOW Communist government. SuperSoftSandals *19.90 Certain members of the Jewish De- soft A rare blend of fashion, comfort and versatility. Crushable SIZES fense League are reportedly young leather-like uppers and generously padded insoles. Adjustable instep strap. N 5VS-12 Jewish-American extremists who con- 1 heels Order style "Gloria" in White, Bone, Navy, Red, Black, Wine W M 4-12 or Brown. Now only $1 9.90 per pr. Save more—2 pr. $36.00. Add $1 .80 W 5-12 sider themselves to be protectors of per pr post. VISA/MC/AX send acct # and exp. date. Credit card WW 6-11 call Refund if not delighted, "Jewish rights" and supporters of the ... . phone orders 713/650-0916. I No Vi sizes i(i , V over 10 ) on free with order Sofwear Shoes, Dept. 375C.1811 San Jacinto, Houston, TX 77002. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Discover The Orient OnThE Ship OfTheYear! Savings Of UpTo $1,000. Free Airfare Extra 10% Off For Legionnaires!

The last word in Five-Plus Star luxury, the Sagafjord, was again named Ship of the Year by the prestigious World Ocean and Cruise Liner Society. Famed for personalized service and superb cuisine, she now offers an state of Israel. According to one of its indoor/outdoor nightclub and the "Golden Door" spa and fitness programs. founders, violence is necessary. Her summer and fall Orient cruises take you to such fascinating The FALN (Armed Forces of Na- places as Hakodate, Nagasaki, Pusan, Tianjin (for Peking), Shanghai, tional Liberation), one of the most in- famous groups, has been described by Tsingtao and Hawaii with Inaugural Season savings of up to $1,000 per

. . . off the FBI as a clandestine, United person . . . free airfare from 16 selected cities plus an extra 10 percent States mainland-based, terrorist for Legionnaires! organization dedicated to the libera- Cruises of 13 to 18 days, August to November. tion of Puerto Rico through violence. Francisco, to The alleged purpose of the Irish Re- Cruise from Los Angeles on Aug. 26 (or San Aug. 27) publican Army (IRA) is to drive the Yokohama. Cruise from Yokohama on Sept. 13 (or Kobe on Sept. 15) to British from Northern Ireland. It Hong Kong. On Sept. 29, cruise from Hong Kong to Kobe (Oct. 13) or wants to unite the Northern province back to Hong Kong. On Oct. 20, cruise from Hong Kong to Yokohama. Or with the Irish Republic to the South. on Nov. 2, cruise from Yokohama to L. A. The Red Brigade call themselves Transpacific cruises: from $2,350, which reflects a $1,000 discount. the "Brigate Rose" and reportedly Orient cruises: from $3,940 (for 13 days), which reflects a $500 discount. have several members engaged in And remember, Legionnaires deduct another 10 percent! For details, full-time terrorism. The group's ideol- phone Les Kertes toll-free: 800-645-2120. New York residents, phone ogy is allegedly far to the left of the 466-0335. Italian Communist Party, and they collect: (516) refer to the communists as "traitors to Rates per person, double occupancy, subject to availability. Free airfare available from the working class." selected cities only. Taxes additional. The Palestine Liberation Organiza- tion (PLO) headed by PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat calls its members an CAGAFJORn army of "freedom fighters" trained to wage a struggle for the "liberation of REGISTERED IN THE BAHAMAS Mm^S Palestine" and to defend themselves CUNARD /A against what it calls "Israeli aggres- sion." The PLO won its terrorist label Mr. Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays, with airline hijackings, and other in- PO. Box 482, 277 Northern Boulevard, Great Neck, NY 11022. ternational incidents and peaked with Rush me details on the special 10% discount for Legionnaires aboard the massacre of 11 Israeli athletes at Sagafjord's summer and fall Orient and transpacific cruises. the 1974 Munich Olympics. William Webster, Director of the FBI said, "If we have learned any- thing from international terrorism, it is that the terrorist wants the gov- ernment he attacks to respond. To re- spond with such repressive measures that it loses all of the confidence of the people and ultimately fails . . . Coun- tering the terrorist threat is a difficult challenge for many reasons. The ter- rorist is usually a member of a small, cell-like group whose members are in- tensely loyal to one another . . . These characteristics make it difficult to pen- etrate terrorist groups with infor- mants for undercover agents. But I can tell you that we do it and we will continue to do it."

JUNE 1984 THE LEGION SHOPPER

FACTORY SPECIAL $499.95

sitting or rising without help

freedom ol mobility CUSHI-HEEL PILLOWS give you quick relief from Medicare qualification sore heels (even heel spur aches) when you walk or run. choice of models This patented heel cushion developed by an athlete, is exactly the right shape, density and compression to pro- Still in crates brand new Mustang Rider tect your heels from the weight they must bear. If sore heels make being on your feet all day miserable or if you has 8 H P. Briggs & Stratton engine. One want to participate in sports but can't because of sore year factory warranty. While they last heels, the Cushi-Heel Pillow is the answer. For more STAND UP or SIT DOWN only $499.95 freight collect or if you information, write: Calderon Products Inc., Dept. 194, P.O. Box 5387, Akron, Ohio 44313, or call: (216) 864-8100. want to include freight charges you pay WITHOUT HELP! Satisfaction guaranteed. only $529.95. Free picture brochure. To Our FREE Fact Kit explains how, at the touch of a finger, own one send check to an EASY-LIFT® cushion lifting chair gently raises you or M & M MFG. SALES-Depr. B a loved one to standing— and assists in sitting down. 929 S.W. 29th ST., OKLA. CITY, OK 73109 They are available in swivel rocker, traditional lounge 405-631-3669 chair and SpaceSaver™ recliner models. And you may choose from several beautiful fabrics and colors.

Learn more by sending us the coupon below for a FREE Fact Kit. For quicker response, call toll-free NOW at OntciiHCHtal (Zoiciete 1-800-821-2041. In Missouri, Item*... call collect: 816-763-3100. LEGIONNAIRES SURVIVAL Book about Aluminum AMERICAN STAIR-GLIDE CORP Molds with prices and Dept. ALE-0684, 4001 E, 138th St BOOT production trade secrets P.O. Box B, Grandview, MO 64030 direct from world's larg- KNIFE est mold Please send me your FREE Fact Kit about EASY-LIFT manufacturer.

cushion lifting chairs I understand there is no obli- ONLY gation. S 95 12 CONCRETE MACHINERY COMPANY, INC. Name Add $1.05 Hndl. P. 0. BOX T99 - HICKORY, N. C. 28603 Address Apt. No

I City Model I K-99-A I State Zip Double edge 440 stainless NEW!! steel blade. Full tang one piece construction. Leather sheath with quick release snap and metal boot/belt SUNGLASSES p Money Back Guaranteed Stylized with the American If Not Fully Satisfied!' Legion em- WESTBURY SALES CO., DEPT. BK-6-AL blem. Quality non-prescription sunglasses OF LIVING with the COST 373 Maple Avenue, Westbury, New York 11590 American Legion emblem en- Give to the American Cancer Society. graved in lower left lens. Bronze lens with goldtone frames — adjustable. $8.95 per pair postpaid. Save!! Order 2 pairs for $16.90 postpaid.

Send remittance with order to: FIVE FOREIGN American Legion Emblem Sales Dept. 1684, P.O. Box 1050 BANK NOTES only 250 Indianapolis, IN 46206 VISA & Mastercard accepted

NOTICE IF YOU CARRY A FIRE-

Fill out this coupon or a facsimile and mail to: The American Legion ARM IN YOUR VEHICLE, Money! Moneyl Money! tt makes the world go around-and here's National Headquarters, PUFL, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. a collection of real foreign money that will bring you around to YOU'LL NEED THIS HANDBOOK . . . the exciting world of Foreign Bank Note collecting. You'll travel Please send me additional information on how I can become a The citizen's guide to state regulations for carrying "Paid for Life" back in time to World War II with a Japanese occupation note of Up Member handguns, rifles, and shotguns by private vehicle. Malaya. You'll get a strange little note from Hong Kong. You'll Name - also receive three other notes from Indonesia, China and Also federal transporting restrictions; bus, train, Address Bulgaria-all for only 25C. Also Fine Bank Notes from our approval airline policies; mailing rules; laws of Canada and service. Buy only what you like. Return balance promptly. Mexico TRANSPORTING PERSONAL FIRE- City _State_ -Zip- Thank you. Order now! ARMS - 1984 EDITION. $4.95 postpaid from Member of Post Number. JAMESTOWN STAMP COMPANY Sparrow Publishing House, Dept. AL. P.O. Box Dept. 864AL, Jamestown, NY 14701 Dept. of 81 7, Boulder City, NV 89005 MEMBER ASDA • APS • SPA

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE fThe Self-Sufficiency ^ Machine... cute the heavy stuff with ease! Have a more productive vegetable garden, keep brush and saplings from taking over spaces, and harvest small grains and hay. Self-propelled ^ I sickle bar mower cuts through the heavy stuff with ease. Handles easily uphill, downhill or over MANDY STYLE CASUALS— glove leather uppers, padded insoles and 5/e" heels offer classic fashion rough ground. Individual combined with heavenly comfort in hard-to-fit, hard- steering clutches. to-find sizes available at a special low price. Black, Floating 38" sickle Camel, Navy, Wine, White, sizes N 5'/2 -12, M 4-12, W knife follows 5-12, WW 6-11 (No Vi sizes over 10). Order "Mandy" Model W" ground $21.95 per pr. + $1.80 postage. Catalog $1.00 or free KMC 38 \* *» contour. Own this with order to Sofwear Shoes, Dept. 81 3B, 1811 San professional model Jacinto, Houston, TX 77002. . for a cost equal FREE " LONGEST SEAT-LIFT »"^- I to or less than HOME TRIAL WARRANTY % I competitive com — " mercial machines. Save now on a comfortable power Recliner or — Swivel Rocker. Burke seat-lift chairs let you stand and sit when you want, with no strain.

Ten-unit coverage in no-frills Approved American Reclines to any position, automatically elevating benefits, Legion Life Insurance Plan offers $54,000 in your feet and legs. Write or call TOLL-FREE for only $240 per year. Less units offer attractive bene- application, mail name and information and compare. fits, too. For details and Write for detailed literature address today to Dept. H, The American Legion Life Dl P O. 1064. Dept AL-684 Insurance Plan, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, IL 60680. PUKIVEc Mission. Kansas 66202 imiiiTiwiriiiiiiiimor call TOLL FREE 1-800-255-4147 PRINT NAME Enjoy your bath again with the ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP TtOBMKH Independence, BATH LIFT Do away with the worry with Dignity . . Dept. 6046, 170 N. Pascal St. Paul, MN 55104 of getting in and out of V 612/644-4666 the bathtub, and the MINI-BEEP® J need for assistance. Electric Scooter $878.00 • Light-weight TM • Portable new WALK-A-CYCLE • Battery- operated •Safe, reliable water pressure lifts and Features and Benefits • Medicare • large 27" wheels roll easily lowers you approved • adiustable hand brakes •Stop or start anywhere. . .anytime. You're in complete control Enjoy Life More! • sling seat provides resting place • bathtub's • 8" rear wheels Will not scratch or mar the Visit friends and procelain surface • sturdy tubular steel frame neighbors; go to • collapsible for • Completely portable. . . installs quickly easy storage stores, parks, church. Ride a Mini-Beep with and easily (fits in the trunk of most cars) WRITE FOR FREE INFORMATION confidence indoors and out. No-Risk 30 day • warranted guarantee! For more information write to: • frame basket (not shown) AMERICAN STAIR-GLIDE CORP. Struck Corp, Dept. AM64S, Cedarburg, Wl 53012 • governor device to limit free Dept. ALQ-0684, 4001 East 138th wheeling and develop greater P.O. Box B, Grandview, Missouri 64030 strength

• also available in childrens'

sizes with 20" wheels

QUARTZ WALK-A-CYCLE is the walker T-SHIRTS that lets you walk.™ from everywhere! AMERICAN LEGION MEN'S WATCH For free information call or write: by Timex "My WALK-A-CYCLE takes AMERICANlWKf/? curbs and irregularities in 880 N. MAIN ST. DEPT. E sidewalks easily and its Modern quartz analog stability is much superior to OREGON, Wl 53575

' wrist watch with band. any previous walkers I've had (608) 835-WALK (that's -9255) 5T-Shirts Full color American D Donohue. Phoenix. AZ

JUNE 1984 53 ,

i Where Have All the 1 j ranaparents

There are few things as rewarding as the grandparent-grand- child relationship. So why aren't the generations getting together? m *~ randma was embarrassed and \J somewhat hesitant to tell the story. But now, confiding in her nine- year-old grandson, she explained her fear when a helicopter had landed near her home a couple years before. Only at the time, she said, Grandma didn't know it was a helicopter and instead believed it a UFO. For a woman born in the 1880s, never wholly comfortable with 20th Century technology, this was an understandable mistake. Yet she had told no one of the "UFO," for fear she'd be considered crazy. Even after seeing a chopper on children's children, if not in the con- others are a result of skewed percep- television, and recognizing her error, duct of their own existence. tions and expectations: Grandma felt too foolish to talk of the For those grandparents who have • For starters, we are living in a incident. Except, of course, with her loving and close contact with their society of unparalleled mobility. Amer- grandson who, when she related the grandchildren, that it could be differ- icans, to be sure, have always had story, laughed with her. ent for anyone else may come as a itchy feet. This intimate moment was not at all shock. Yet, according to an extensive After WWII, however, profession- unusual, for the pair shared many survey by Arthur Kornhaber, M.D., a als and laborers alike often moved to confidences, things the boy couldn't medical director of a pediatric neuro- where they could find work. With good discuss with his parents — things psychiatry group that treats children highways, a modern air transportation Grandma could tell only to him. Pres- and their families in New York, only 5 system and direct long-distance tele- sures inherent in a parent-child rela- percent of American children have phone dialing, spread-out families did- tionship simply didn't exist between close and regular contact with their n't seem so far away. But in terms of the alternate generations. And so it is grandparents. Another 5 percent frequent contact between grandpa- almost always between grandparents never see grandparents. But what dis- rents and grandchildren, the miles and their grandchildren. turbed Kornhaber most was the 70- might as well be light years. That is, when they have the oppor- to-80 percent of the grandparents who • With marriages dissolving at a tunity to be together, something that said that, while they dearly love the rate of one every 27 seconds — or more is decidedly less common today than youngsters, they are seldom able or than a million a year — families, and 20-to-30 years ago. Indeed, in the last can bother to see the grandchildren grandparent-grandchild relationships decade there has appeared in the US more than once or twice a year. are being split as never before. something of an estrangement be- • Senior Americans are working tween grandchildren and grandpar- 7he causes of this great decrease in longer, taking on part-time jobs or ents. On the surface, the problem cen- grandparent-grandchild interac- "post-retirement" careers. ters on a marked decline in frequent tion are numerous, the backwash of a • More important, though, is the contact. Deeper, however, is confusion number of major social trends. At a changing image many senior citizens over the role grandparents believe time when more mothers hold jobs have of themselves. they should play in the lives of their outside the home, lessening the overall To an extent, seniors have been re- adult influence on children, kids need belling against the negative stereo- San-Francisco-based Jay Stuller is a their grandparents more than ever. types of age, and justly so. Where the free-lance writer whose work appears Some of these situations, the separa- problem arises for many older individ- in numerous national magazines. tions, are simply unavoidable. The uals is justifying the new concept of a

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ByJay Stutter

negotiators, explaining to parents — in schedules before trouble starts. private — the child's view of problems, There are, nonetheless, many yet without usurping the parental role. people who have grandchildren that Grandparents are an exemplary be- live far away, or youngsters whose havioral model, unencumbered by the grandparents have died. Into this press of earning a living and raising breech have come a number of public children at the same time. To a child, health programs that put unrelated grandparents are a relief valve, some- seniors and children together. thing like the boss's boss, a psychologi- cal higher court in which they receive m-f oster grandparents, for exam- understanding rather than correction. JL pie, match the elderly with chil- Literally millions of American dren in hospitals, in institutions for grandparents, however, don't realize the mentally disabled, and kids who the value they can add to their grand- have suffered abuse or neglect. A children's lives. Or worse, they simply city-sponsored project in Oakland, don't know how to go about it. Calif., the Family Companion Pro- Divorce is another major facet of gram, puts disfranchised seniors in our times and, while it can crack the contact with entire families. In Santa bonds between grandparents and Monica, Calif., the Westside Indepen- grandchildren, family counselors have dent Service to the Elderly places learned this is a period when grandpa- children 12 through 17 with seniors in rents are most needed. their 70s and 80s. The two disparate Grandparents, of course, shouldn't age groups, it seems, have some meddle or pry at the child's home. things in common. "Grandparents can't supplant parents, According to Arthur Kornhaber, but they have a special perspective there's little secret to being a good and abilities that no one else can pro- grandparent. In his book on the sub- vide," says an attorney who specializes ject, Grandparents/Grandchildren — in child custody cases. They should be The Vital Connection, Kornhaber and "swinger" with that of a doting grand- a positive source of love, he says, co-author Kenneth Woodward, make parent. "The brutal fact," says Korn- showing the child that there is con- the point that the old saw is true, that haber, "is that more and more grand- tinuity in life, even as his or her world grandparents do "have all the fun of parents are choosing to ignore their seems at the moment to be crumbling. being a parent and none of the re- ." grandchildren. In turn, grandchildren It wasn't long ago when grandpar- sponsibility . . Kornhaber also says are ignoring them." ents, if they ever wanted to see the grandchildren and grandparents are This represents a major social naturally at ease with each other. change, not only in American culture, Grandparents, with all their wrin- but in the way families have interacted kles, are also magic to a child, wizards for practically all time. who have surprises and delights "We do know that when there's an "Millions of grand- hidden in boxes and drawers. The involved, loving and healthy parents don't grandparent can playfully undermine, grandparent-grandchild relationship, a without really destroying, parental au- child will grow into a more secure and realize the value thority. Only with grandparents can well-rounded individual," says Carol adolescents not feel some element of Kornhaber, who with her husband has they can add guilt or stupidity. formed a group called the Foundation to their grand- Parent-child relationships are al- for Grandparenting. "A grandparent's ways tough, if only due to the neces- love is perhaps more unconditional children's lives." sity of strong parental guidance, high than that of a parent," she explains. expectations on the part of the adult "This is normal, since Mom and Dad and a desire to please — which is often have to be more involved in discipline subverted by a streak of independ- and such — it's their duty. Grandpar- grandkids, had to depend on the good ence — on the part of the child. Grand- ents, however, can serve as a buffer will of their former in-law children. parents are not part of this natural for their grandchildren." But laws in a growing number of conflict and can do much to ease a Grandparents, moreover, provide a states enable or require the court to child's growing pains. Trips to zoos, number of things to a grandchild. "The consider the rights of grandparents shopping centers and movies are well child learns a better concept of past, who want to visit grandchildren. To and good. But the key, says Korn- present and future," says Kornhaber, preclude legal problems, courts in haber, is simply for grandparents and "and is not afraid of old people, or of New York, Massachusetts, Michigan grandchildren to be together. growing older himself or herself." and California often use counselors to The connection is vital and obviously Grandparents also can serve as help establish working visitation simple. If only the effort is made.

JUNE 1984 55 .

PARTING SHOTS

r C>0

MEDIUM. 4!J 1j ORBEN'S WORLD KNOWS ALL Today we have come together to con- SEESAIL sider one of the most perplexing ques- tions of our time: Where do solutions ELLS ALL go when a candidate gets elected?

555-37H Nowadays there is only one happy APPOtNTMEKT ONLV ending in the movies. It's when you X leave a $2 matinee and see the folks on their way in paying $4.

Fanaticism should be practiced in moderation.

When it comes to disarmament, the big question is whether we should con- front the Russians point blank ... or "Sounds a lot like your mother.' point loaded.

Safe Haven? Price of Friendship

A small boy was constantly in Everything is going up; They broke up AT&T to help the con- trouble with his mother one day. She Financial worry is the game. sumer. So how come my phone still decided he was ready for a spanking But thank God for His mercy, rings when I take a shower? when he ran and hid under the bed. The price of friendship is the same. Satisfied, she let him stay there until — Olga McCoy his father came home. When the father arrived, he went to the boy's bedroom and gently raised the bed- Corporate Improvement spread. "Hi, Dad," the boy whispered. A fabulously wealthy industrialist "Is she after you, too?" was the center of attention at the 50th —Barbara Beat reunion of his high school class. "How absolutely marvelous," gushed a former classmate, "acquiring Retirement Benefits so much money hasn't changed you!" Sign on a church bulletin board: "Actually, it has," the candid mil- Work for the Lord. The pay isn't good, lionaire told her. "I'm now 'eccentric' but the retirement benefits are out of where I used to be impolite, and 'de- this world. lightfully amusing' where I used to be —Martha J. Beckman a pain in the neck." —Kenneth E. Hall Paradox

Temptation whispers Prosperity Is . . Loud and clear, Prosperity is buying things you While duty's demands don't need with money you don't have Basically, I think movies should have Are hard to hear. to impress people you don't like. only two ratings: PG and PU. -May Richstone —George F. Bergmann ©1984 Robert Orben

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Due to the soaring cost of GENUINE LEATHER, we cannot hold this price much longer Order now!

Dress Boot

Smooth, Butter-soft Leather

Rich Cordovan Brown or Blac

Genuine Leather Cobbler-Crafted • American Made Long-wearing Composition Sole and Heel

TRY THEM AT OUR RISK! Return Within 14 Days 88 If not delighted return for a full refund of purchase price (except Only 2 prs $36.88 post. & hdlg.). 18 *~ "~ ""Satisfaction Guaranteed 1 Mail Coupon Today ~ —

Here's the town boot of the range-riding Westerner. .. rugged, OLD VILLAGE SHOP, Dept. VM-5040 uncluttered, no-nonsense. No wonder the of style man has adop- Bldg. #9, Hanover, PA 17333 ted it for his versatile way of life! The bold, square-toed detailing Please rush prs. of the Genuine Leather "Ranchero" Dress goes great with sports clothes and jeans and sleek, lean the design Boot for the low price of just $18.88 plus $3.60 postage and han- gives a "with it" look to the business suit. dling on same money-back guarantee. This Season's Dress Boot SAVE MORE! Order two pairs for just $36.88 plus $6.90 postage and handling on same money-back guarantee. You'll wear these boots every day, everywhere. They're hard to beat prs. Cordovan Brown (M246470B) Size Width for comfort. The supple leather breathes and the high shaft cradles ankles. There's a concealed inner zipper so the boot slips on and off prs. Black (M236356B) Size Width (Please add $2.00 for wide width.) as easily as a loafer. Man-made sole and heel really stand up to wear CHARGE IT: American Express Diners Club VISA and tear. Don't miss the chance to get this season's best boot Duy at MasterCard

an incredibly low price! Enclosed is $ Men's Sizes: 7%, 8, 8V2, 9. 9%, 10, IOV2, 11, 12 Acct. No. Exp. Date

Widths: C, D, fits medium width. E fits wide width PRINT NAME . Colors: Cordovan Brown, Black ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP LD VILLAGE SHOP Check here and send 50e for a year's subscription to our full-color catalog of fine shoes (M289892X). Our policy is to process all orders promptly. Credit card Hanover, Pa. 17333 orders are processed upon credit approval. Delays notified promptly. Shipment guaranteed within 60 days.

Inc., *mm _ mm — — —i © H.H.I. 1984 _ — _ _ _ _ EMERGENCY LIQUIDATION

Minimum Order 2 Pairs!

Attention Executives: To keep one of America's finest executive Slack Mills from going out of business, Haband the mail order people from Paterson, N.J., have just signed one of the largest single pants contracts ever: OVER TWO MILLION PAIRS of the finest-looking, best fitting, best wearing business slacks / you could own. Now, just / in time for the coming season, you get

TRIPLE SAVINGS! Slacks Actually Pay for Themselves! You save on initial purchase price. This mill runner contract should spell "nevermore" to current prohibitive brand name prices! You save on dry cleaners bills! 100% No-Iron Machine wash and Wear means kiss your dry cleaner goodbye. Wear them, wash them, wear them, wash them. It's as easy as a spin through your washing machine! You Save Wear and Tear on All your Wardrobe! High executive caliber business slacks are more and more important as suit prices spiral out of sight. Two pairs of very distinguished proper fitting slacks for $19.95 will take the burden of daily wear. Look around! Most of your colleagues have already discovered this sensible economy! BUT YOU MUST HURRY! Time flies! Your old-fashioned last-years slacks already mark you as behind the times, and the high prices of up-to-date slacks is a problem no more! Millions of important men from all over America depend on Haband for all their clothing needs. We will be proud to show you our excellent slacks and direct-to-your-door service now at NO RISK! Simply send you r order for an easy at home look see! DELUXE Min. Order: 2 Pairs 2 for 19.95, 3 (or 29.75, EXECUTIVE Slacks 9 4 for 39.50 [\ffl Haband Liquidation Center Waist Sizes: 30-32-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-4142-43-44- , 265 North 9th Street, Paterson, N.J. 07530 46'-48'-50'-52 -54' Yes Sir, Rush me pairs of Slacks, Inseams: 27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34

for which I enclose the full amount of "Please add $1.50 per pair for sizes 46-54. $ plus $1.95 for shipping. HOW WHAT WHAT COLOR 02E MANY? WAIST? INSEAM? OR, TO CHARGE IT: DVisa MasterCard GREY p Acct* BLUE G TAN R Exp. Date / NAVY B Guarantee: If upon receipt I do not choose to BLACK E wear the slacks, I may return them within 30 days for GREEN S HABAND a full refund of every penny I paid you. 70P-02E

n NAME . 9th St., fatereon, 265 North serving over j-m • n t,7»i< familv business ADDRESS APT.#. is a conscientious mail since 1925 Haband U.s.n- direct by customers across the CITY STATE ZIP.