OUR CREED: To perpetuate the memory of our shipmates who gave their lives in the pursuit of duties while serving their country. That their dedication, deeds, and supreme sacrifice be a constant source of motivation toward greater accomplishments. Pledge loyalty and patriotism to the United States of America and its constitution.

UNITED STATES VETERANS INCORPORTATED PALMETTO BASE NEWSLETTER December 2011

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Picture of the Month………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...3

Members…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4

Honorary Members……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4

Meeting Attendees………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….5

Old Business….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5

New Business…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6

Good of the Order……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6

Base Contacts…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8

Birthdays……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8

Welcome…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8

Binnacle List……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………,…8

Quote of the Month.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…8

Fernando Igleasis Eternal Patrol…………………………………………………………………………………………………9

Robert Gibbs’ Memorial……………..….…………………..……………………………………………………………………10

Lexington Veteran’s Day Parade………………………………………………………………………………………………12

Columbia Veteran’s Day Parade.………………………………………………………………………………………………13

Dates in American Naval History………………………………………………………………………………………………16

Dates in U.S. Submarine History………………………………………………………………………………………………22

Traditions of the Naval Service………………………………………………………………………………………………..42

Monthly Calendar……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………48

Lost Boats...... 49

Advertising Partners...... 53 2

The tender Yellowstone (AD 27) at Augusta Bay, Sicily, 1950.

Ships alongside to starboard: Sea Robin (SS 407) , Torsk (SS 423) , Sea Leopard (SS 483) and Burrfish (SS 312) .

To port: John R Pierce (DD 753) , Barton (DD 722) , Shea (DM 30) and in the background Bauer (DM 26) .

Source: http://navsource.org/

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Brian Steffen

Vice CDR : D. W. Eggleston Events Chair : Allen “Buzz” Danielson Jr. VCDR : Randy Browning Fundraising Chair : Jim Null Secretary : George “Scram” Kokolis Liaison : D. W. Eggleston Treasurer : J. P. Watson Committee Chair : Tom O’Brien Chaplain : Bob Miller Ship’s Photographer : Jim Null Chief of the Boat : Jim “Snake” Stark Bereavement Chair : Randy Browning Webmaster : Mark Basnight Kap(SS) 4 Kid(SS) Chair : Don Van Borsch Storekeeper : Brian Steffen Newsletter Editor : Randy Browning

Milt Berkey Michael House Tom Paige Steven Black Fernando Iglesias Larry Peay David Castro John Jeffries Tommy Richardson James L. Charbonneau Kenneth Johnson Ted R. Schneeberg Tracy R. Charbonneau Charlie Kerr James P. Scott Lonnie Franklin James N. Kirby Vince Seay Ronald Friend Arnold Kirk Leonard M. Snell Ken Fuhr Ross Kline John Solis Julian Galloway John J. Krause L. E. Spradlin Joseph E. Gawronski Harold R. Lane Jerry Stout Joseph L. Geiger William M. Lindler Thomas N. Thompson Glenn E. Harris Eddie McVicker Jeffro M. Wagner Stoney Hilton Mark Morgan

Medal of Honor Recipient, Holland Club, Plankowner, Past District Commander, Past Base Commander, Past Vice Commander, Past Junior Vice Commander, Past Secretary, Past Treasurer, Past Chaplain, Palmetto Base Hall of Fame, Palmetto Silver Star Award

Judy Cline Charlie MacKenzie

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Robert Bradley Mark Morgan Randy Browning John Nesbitt John Comer Jim Null Allen “Buzz” Danielson Larry Peay D. W. Eggleston Ted R. Schneeberg Ken Fuhr John Solis Fernando Iglesias Jim “Snake” Stark Ross Kline Brian Steffen George “Scram” Kokolis Thomas N. Thompson John J. Krause Don Van Borsch Bob Miller Jeffro M. Wagner

• Call to Order at 1900 hours by the Base Commander. • Invocation was given by the Base Chaplain. • Pledge of Allegiance was led by the Base Commander. • The Tolling of the Boats was led by Junior Vice Commander and the Chief of the Boat. Member Introduction – 19 members were present and 2 guests were present. • Base Secretary’s Report – Motion to accept minutes as written was accepted. • Treasurer’s Report – $5,554.51 (Kap(SS) 4 Kid(SS): $3,800.00, Float fund: $1,336.34, Operating Fund $418.17) was accepted.

• Base Commander informed the members: o the base participated in the Robert Gibbs’ Memorial ceremony o thanked everyone who participated in restoring the Robert Gibbs’ Memorial o the base participated in the Lexington Veteran’s Day parade

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o the base participated in the Columbia Veteran’s Day parade o although the base conducted a fundraiser at the gun show, participation was poor • Cob informed the members that; o 4 members participated in the fundraiser at the gun show and raised $175.00:  Base Commander/Jeffro Wagner raised $135.00  Events Chair/Ken Fuhr raised $40.00 • Events Chair asked the COB for a monetary estimate to complete the float. After discussion, it was tabled until a full inventory of pieces/parts is conducted and a better estimate could be provided.

• Vice Commander informed the members that national dues must be paid on or before December 31st. • Mark Morgan informed the membership that over 90 World War II Veterans participated in the last Honor Flight out of Columbia and that it is a VERY rewarding experience. Anyone that can afford to sponsor a veteran should go...if not, at least participate in the sendoff and homecoming. • Events Chair made a motion that the base not participate in the Lexington or Columbia Christmas parades. Membership approved the motion. • Base Photographer informed the membership: o He has a base plaque that a friend created and is for sale for $30.00 o Wreaths across America has started and requested that all that were able to sponsor a wreath o Thanksgiving dinner for the Individual Augmentees (IA) at Camp McGreedy was a big success. o Christmas dinner for the IAs at Camp McGreedy is coming up and needs support from everyone. • Events Chair informed the membership that the next deployment is the 23rd • Kap(SS) for Kid(SS) Chair informed the membership that $80.00 in coats/jackets were donated to the veterans home on behalf of the base.

• Base Commander informed the membership that veteran suicides are on the rise and average 1 per day. Look out for those around you, especially during this holiday season. • Junior Vice Commander informed the members that if they have any issues at the VA hospital, don’t engage the staff, contact the patient representative. That is what they are there for. • Base Commander added that you can always contact me for assistance. • COB informed the membership that Mid-Carolina Electric Co-Operative is sponsoring the next Honor Flight. If you know any Mid-Carolina Electric Co-Operative that are World War II veterans, let them know. • Mark Morgan informed the membership that over 90 World War II Veterans participated in the last Honor Flight out of Columbia and that it is a VERY rewarding

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experience. Anyone that can afford to sponsor a veteran should go...if not, at least participate in the sendoff and homecoming. • Events Chair informed the membership that he and the Base Chaplain recently returned from the Alexander Hamilton reunion and that their COB’s dying wish was to attend. The COB passed away when he returned home. • COB informed the membership that the annual Reservist in Nautical Kinship party is coming up and he’ll give us the specifics at a later date and will have tickets for those who would like to attend. The Reservist in Nautical Kinship started 40 years ago when a LTJG threw a party for his promotion and has morphed into an annual event.

Meeting adjourned .

Benediction was given by Base Chaplain Bob Miller.

Kap(SS) for Kid(SS) Chair won the , $70.00 and donated $40.00 back to the base.

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Commander : Brian Steffen (803) 897-2480 [email protected] Vice Commander : D.W. Eggleston (803) 932-9390 [email protected] Junior Vice CDR .: Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected] Secretary : George Kokolis (803) 460-5882 [email protected] Treasurer : J. P. Watson (803) 361-4193 [email protected] COB : Jim Stark (803) 957-7153 [email protected] Chaplain : Bob Miller (803) 603-0538 [email protected] Bereavement: Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected] Holland Club : D.W. Eggleston (803) 932-9390 [email protected] Storekeeper : Brian Steffen (803) 897-2480 [email protected] Newsletter : Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected]

Ted Schneeberg – December 24th

Mark Basnight Julian Galloway Bob Miller’s daughter Tom O’Brien

“He that would live in peace and at ease, must not speak all he knows nor judge all he sees.“ Benjamin Franklin

Source : http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Benjamin_Franklin/

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ETERNAL PATROL FERNANDO RAMON IGLESIAS, ETC(SS), USN(RET)

Fernando Ramon Iglesias, 51, passed away Thursday, December 8, 2011.

Born in Puerto Rico, he was a son of Fernando and Carmen Olivo Iglesias. He was a member of Leesville UMC, member and secretary of the United Methodist Men, and was a member of the Praise Band. He had retired from the U.S. Navy, was a member and secretary of the United States Submarine Veterans Incorporated, Palmetto Base, in Lexington, SC and was a manager/trainer for QSSI.

Surviving are his wife, Joni Taylor Iglesias, sons, Fernando E. Iglesias of Orlando, FL, and James Petersen of Leesville, daughters, Jessy Petersen and Frances Iglesias of Leesville, his parents of Puerto Rico, sisters, Lourdes and Norma Iglesias of Puerto Rico, a granddaughter, Brooke Petersen

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2011 ROBERT GIBBS’ MEMORIAL SERVICE

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LEXINGTON 2011 VETERAN’S DAY PARADE

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COLUMBIA 2011 VETERAN’S DAY PARADE

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December 1 1842 - Execution of three crewmembers of USS Somers for mutiny; Midshipman Philip Spencer, Boatswain Samuel Cromwell and Seaman Elisha Small. 1921 - In first flight of airship filled with helium, Blimp C-7 piloted by LCDR Ralph F. Wood left Norfolk, VA, for Washington, DC. 1959 - Bureau of Ordnance (BUORD) merges with Bureau of Aeronautics (BUAER) to form the Bureau of Naval Weapons (BUWEPS). December 2 1775 - Congress orders first officers commissions printed. 1908 - Rear Admiral William S. Cowles submits report, prepared by LT George C. Sweet, recommending purchase of aircraft suitable for operating from naval ships on scouting and observation mission to Secretary of the Navy. 1941 - First Naval Armed Guard detachment (7 men under a coxswain) of World War II reports to Liberty ship, SS Dunboyne , 1944 - Two-day destroyer Battle of Ormoc Bay begins. 1965 - USS Enterprise (CVAN-65) and USS Bainbridge (DLGN-25) become first nuclear-powered task unit used in combat operations with launch of air strikes near Bien Hoa, Vietnam December 3 1775 - LT John Paul Jones raises the Grand Union flag on Alfred. First American flag raised over American naval vessel. 1940 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt embarks on USS Tuscaloosa (CA-37) to inspect bases acquired from Great Britain under Destroyer-for Bases agreement. 1983 - Two F-14s flying over Lebanon were fired upon. December 4 1918 - President Woodrow Wilson sails in USS George Washington for Paris Peace Conference. 1943 - Aircraft from USS Lexington (CV-16) and USS Independence (CVL-22) attack Kwajalein Atoll, sinking four Japanese ships and damaging five others, while only three U.S. ships suffered damage. 1944 - USS Flasher (SS-249) sinks Japanese destroyer Kishinami and damages a merchant ship in South Sea. Flasher is only U.S. submarine to sink over 100,000 tons of enemy shipping in World War II. 1965 - Launch of Gemini 7 piloted by CDR James A. Lovell, USN. This flight consisted of 206 orbits at an altitude of 327 km and lasted 13 days and 18 hours. Recovery by HS-11

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helicopters from USS Wasp (CVS-18) 1983 - Aircraft from USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67) and USS Independence (CV-62) launch strike against anti-aircraft positions in Lebanon that fired on U.S. aircraft. Two U.S. Navy planes shot down. December 5 1843 - Launching of USS Michigan at Erie, Penn., America's first iron-hulled warship, as well as first prefabricated ship. 1941 - USS Lexington (CV-2) sails with Task Force 12 to ferry Marine aircraft to Midway, leaving no carriers at . December 6 1830 - Naval Observatory, the first U.S. national observatory, established at Washington, DC, under command of Lieutenant Louis Malesherbes. 1901 - First report of Ship Model Basin at Washington Navy Yard issued by Naval Constructor David W. Taylor who designed the basin. First facility of this type in U.S. to test hull shapes. 1917 - German submarine torpedoes sink U SS Jacob Jones (DD-61) off England. 1968 - Operation Giant Slingshot began in Mekong Delta December 7 1917 - Four U.S. arrive at Scapa Flow taking on the role of the British Grand Fleet's Sixth Battle Squadron. Include USS Delaware (BB-28), USS (BB-30), New York (BB- 34), and USS Wyoming (BB-32). 1941 - Japanese carrier aircraft attack U.S. Pacific Fleet based in Pearl Harbor, . 1944 - Seventh Fleet forces land Army troops on shore of Ormoc Bay. Kamikazes attack Task Force, damaging several U.S. Navy ships. December 8 1933 - Secretary of the Navy establishes Fleet Marine Force, integrating a ready-to-deploy Marine force with own aircraft into Fleet organization. 1941 - US declares war on . 1941 - USS Wake (PR-3), a river gunboat moored at , is only U.S. vessel to surrender during World War II. 1942 - Eight PT boats ( PT 36, PT 37, PT 40, PT 43, PT 44, PT 48, PT 59 , and PT 109 ) turn back 8 Japanese attempting to reinforce Japanese forces on Guadalcanal. December 9 1938 - Prototype shipboard radar, designed and built by the Naval Research Laboratory, is installed on USS New York (BB-34). 1941 - USS Swordfish (SS-193) makes initial U.S. submarine attack on Japanese ship. 1952 - Strike by aircraft from Task Force 77 destroys munitions factory and rail facilities near Rashin, North December 10 1941 - surrenders to Japanese. 1941 - Aircraft from USS Enterprise attack and sink Japanese Submarine I-70 north of Hawaiian Islands. A participant in the Pearl Harbor Attack, I-70 is the first Japanese combatant ship sunk during World War II. 1941 - PBY piloted by LT Utter of VP-101 shoots down Japanese ZERO in first Navy air-to-air kill

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during World War II. 1950 - Evacuation operations at Wonson, North Korea, completed. 1979 - First Poseidon submarine configured with Trident missiles, USS Francis Scott Key (SSBN- 657) completes initial deterrent patrol. 1982 - USS Ohio (SSBN-726), first Trident-Class submarine, returns from first deterrent patrol. December 11 1941 - Contract establishes the Naval Salvage Service. 1941 - Garrison under Commander Winfield Cunningham repulses Japanese invasion force. 1954 - First supercarrier of 59,630 tons, USS Forrestal (CVA-59), launched at Newport News, VA. December 12 1862 - Confederate (mine) sinks USS Cairo in Yazoo River. 1937 - Japanese aircraft sink USS Panay in Yangtze River near Nanking, China. 1941 - Naval Air Transport Service is established. 1951 - First flight of helicopter with gas-turbine engine at Windsor Locks, CT, demonstrates adaptability of this engine to helicopters. 1972- Captain Eugene A. Cernan, USN, commander of Apollo 17, walks on the Moon. Commander Ronald E. Evans, USN, was the Command Module Pilot. The mission lasted 12 days, 13 hours and 52 minutes. Recovery by HC-1 helicopters from USS Ticonderoga (CVS-14). December 13 1775 - Continental Congress provides for the construction of 5 ships of 32 guns, 5 ships of 28 guns, and 3 ships of 24 guns 1941 - Commander William A. Sullivan designated the first Supervisor of Salvage with office in . December 14 1814 - British squadron captures U.S. gunboats in Battle of Lake Borgne, LA. 1944 - Rank of Fleet Admiral, U.S. Navy (five star admiral) is established. 1945 - Captain Sue S. Dauser receives the first Distinguished Service Medal awarded to a nurse. 1965 - Navy announces completion of 1,272 ft. radio tower at North West Cape, , highest manmade structure in the Southern Hemisphere at that time, as a link in fleet communications. December 15 1943 - Bureau of Naval Personnel Circular Letter on non-discrimination in Navy V-12 program. 1944 - Congress appoints first three of four Fleet Admirals. 1965 - Launch of Gemini 6 with Captain Walter M. Schirra, Jr., USN, as Command Pilot. The mission included 16 orbits in 25 hours and 51 minutes. Recovery was by HS-11 helicopters from USS Wasp (CVS-18) 1988 - End of Earnest Will operations to escort reflagged tankers in the Persian Gulf. December 16 1821 - LT Robert F. Stockton and Dr. Eli Ayers, a naval surgeon and member of American Colonizing Society, induce a local African king to sell territory for a colony which became the Republic of Liberia. 1907 - Great White Fleet departs Hampton Roads, VA to circumnavigate the world. 1922 - USS Bainbridge (DD-246) rescues 482 persons from burning French transport Vinh-Long .

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1941 - USS Swordfish (SS-193) sinks Japanese cargo ship Atsutasan Maru . 1942 - Pharmacist's Mate First Class Harry B. Roby, USNR, performs an appendectomy on Torpedoman First Class W. R. Jones on board USS Grayback (SS-208). It is the second appendectomy performed on board a submarine. 1998 - In Operation Desert Fox, Navy cruise missiles attack Iraq. December 17 1846 - Ships under Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry capture Laguna de Terminos during Mexican War. 1941 - Admiral Chester W. Nimitz named Commander in Chief, US Pacific Fleet, to relieve Admiral Husband Kimmel. Admiral William Pye becomes acting commander until Nimitz's arrival. December 18 1902 - Admiral of the Navy George Dewey receives orders to send his to Trinidad and then to Venezuela to make sure that Great Britain's and Germany's dispute with Venezuela was settled by peaceful arbitration not force. 1944 - Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet encounters typhoon northeast of . Destroyers USS Hull , USS Monaghan and USS Spence sink, while 21 other ships are damaged. 1965 - River Patrol Force established in Vietnam. 1965 - Helicopters from HS-11 on USS Wasp (CVS-18) pick up crew and capsule of Gemini 7, after picking up the crew and capsule of Gemini 6 two days earlier. 1967 - Operation Preakness II begins in Mekong Delta. 1972 - Mining and bombing of North Vietnam resumes with Linebacker II Operation. December 19 1870 - After a month at sea in a 22-foot boat, Coxswain William Halford, the lone survivor of 5, reaches Hawaii to seek help for crew of USS Saginaw, wrecked near Midway Island. Rescuers reach the 88 Saginaw survivors on 4 January 1871. December 20 1822 - Congress authorizes the 14-ship West Indies Squadron to suppress piracy in the . 1941 - Admiral Ernest J. King designated Commander-in-Chief, United States Fleet in charge of all operating naval fleets and coastal frontier forces, reporting directly to the President. 1964 - USS Richard E. Kraus (DD-849) completes a successful emergency mission in aiding the disabled American Merchant Ship, SS Oceanic Spray in the Red Sea. 1974 - Clearance of for mines and unexploded ordnance completed by Joint Task Force. 1989 - Operation Just Cause begins in Panama. 1998 - Operation Desert Fox in Iraq ends. December 21 1861 - Congress authorizes the Medal of Honor, the Nation's highest award, for Naval personnel. 1943 - USS Grayling (SS-208) sinks fourth Japanese ship since 18 December. 1951 - First helicopter landing aboard a hospital ship, USS Consolation . 1968 - Launch of Apollo 8 with Captain James A. Lovell, Jr. as Command Module Pilot. During the mission Lovell was one of the first two people to see the far side of the moon. The mission lasted 6 days and 3 hours, and included 10 moon orbits. Recovery was by HS-4 helicopters from USS Yorktown (CVS-10). 19

December 22 1775 - Congress commissions first naval officers: Esek Hopkins, Commander in Chief of the Fleet, Captains Dudley Saltonstall, Abraham Whipple, Nicolas Biddle, and John Hopkins. Lieutenants included John Paul Jones. 1841 - Commissioning of USS Mississippi , first U.S. ocean-going side-wheel steam warship, at Philadelphia. 1942 - Pharmacist's Mate First Class Thomas A. Moore performs appendectomy on Fireman Second Class George M. Platter on board USS Silversides (SS-236). 1942 - Sue Dauser takes oath of office as Superintendant of Navy Nurse Corps, becoming first woman with the relative rank of captain in U.S. Navy. She was promoted to the rank of captain on 26 February 1944. 1944 - Commissioning of first 2 African-American WAVES officers, Harriet Ida Pickens and Frances F. Wills. 1960 - HS-3 and HU-2 (USS Valley Forge ) helicopters rescue 27 men from oiler SS Pine Ridge breaking up in heavy seas off Cape Hatteras. December 23 1826 - Captain Thomas Catesby Jones of USS Peacock and King Kamehameha negotiate first treaty between Hawaii and a foreign power. 1910 - LT Theodore G. Ellyson becomes first naval officer sent to flight training. 1941 - Gallant defenders of Wake Island (Sailors, Marines, volunteer civilian contractors, and Army Air Force radio detachment) surrender. December 24 1814 - Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812. 1864 - Naval Forces under Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter with Army forces under Major General Benjamin F. Butler begin unsuccessful two-day attack against Fort Fisher, NC. 1950 - Under cover of naval gunfire support, Task Force 90 completes a 14-day evacuation of 100,000 troops and equipment and 91,000 refugees from Hungnam, North Korea. December 25 1941 - Admiral Chester W. Nimitz arrives at Pearl Harbor to assume command of U.S. Pacific Fleet. December 26 1862 - Four nuns who were volunteer nurses on board Red Rover were the first female nurses on a U.S. Navy hospital ship. 1943 - Seventh Amphibious Force lands 1st Marine Division on Cape Gloucester, New Britain. December 27 1777 - Floating mines intended for use against British Fleet found in Delaware River. 1814 - Destruction of schooner Carolina , the last of Commodore Daniel Patterson's make-shift fleet that fought a series of delaying actions that contributed to Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans. After loss of craft, the naval guns were mounted on shore to continue the fight. December 28 1867 - U.S. claims Midway Island, first territory annexed outside Continental limits. 1905 - Drydock Dewey left Solomon's Island, MD, enroute through the Suez Canal to the to serve as repair base. This, the longest towing job ever accomplished, was

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completed by Brutus , Caesar , and Glacier on 10 July 1906. 1941 - Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks requests that construction battalions be recruited. 1982 - Recommissioning of USS New Jersey (BB-62), the first of four Iowa-class battleships that were returned to service in 1980s. 1990 - LCDR Darlene M. Iskra becomes commander of USS Opportune , a salvage vessel. 1990 - USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) and USS America (CV-66) Carrier Battle Groups deploy from Norfolk, VA, for Middle East to join Operation Desert Shield. December 29 1798 - First annual report by Secretary of the Navy, sent by Benjamin Stoddert. 1812 - USS Constitution (Captain William Bainbridge) captures HMS Java off Brazil after a three hour battle. 1943 - USS Silversides (SS-236) sinks three Japanese ships and damages a fourth off . December 30 1941 - Admiral Ernest J. King assumes duty as Commander in Chief, United States Fleet. 1959 - Commissioning of first fleet ballistic missile submarine, USS George Washington (SSBN- 598), at Groton, CT. December 31 1862 - USS Monitor founders in a storm off Cape Hatteras, NC. 1941 - Admiral Chester W. Nimitz assumes command of U.S. Pacific Fleet. 1942 - Commissioning of USS Essex (CV-9), first of new class of aircraft carriers, at Norfolk, VA 1948 - Last annual report by a Secretary of the Navy to Congress and the President filed by SECNAV John L. Sullivan. Thereafter the Secretary of Defense would report annually to Congress.

Source: http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/dates.htm 21

December 1 1913 - PCU H-1 (ex-SEAWOLF) (SS-28) commissioned USS H-1 at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; Lt. Henry M. Jensen commanding. PCU H-2 (ex-NAUTILUS) (SS-29) commissioned USS H-2 at Union Iron Works, , CA; Lt (j.g.) Howard H. J. Benson commanding. 1914 - PCU K-7 (SS-38) commissioned USS K-7 at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; Lt. J. V. Ogan commanding. PCU K-8 (SS-39) commissioned USS K-8 at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; Lt. John W. Lewis commanding. 1921 - USS B-1 (ex-VIPER) (SS-10) third decommissioning at Cavite, Philippine Islands and struck from the . 1933 - PCU CACHALOT V-8 (SS-170) commissioned USS CACHALOT (SS-170) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lieutenant Commander M. Comstock commanding. 1937 - USS S-33 (SS-138) decommissioned at Philadelphia, PA; laid up in the Reserve Fleet at League Island until 1940. 1939 - PCU SEAWOLF (SS-197) commissioned USS SEAWOLF (SS-197) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Frederick B. Warder commanding. 1941 - PCU HARDER (SS-257) keel laid as HARDER at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1944 - PCU DIABLO (SS-479) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. V. D. Chapline. 1949 - PCU TROUT (SS-566) keel laid as TROUT at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1962 - Ex-PARCHE (SS-384) classification was changed to Auxiliary Submarine (AGSS-384). 22

1970 - USS CARBONERO (SS-337) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1973 - Ex-COBBLER (SS-344) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred to . Ex-GREENFISH (SS-351) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred to Brazil. 1977 - Ex-CAPITAINE (SS/AGSS-336) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred to Italy. Ex-VOLADOR (SS-490) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred to Italy. Ex-PICKEREL (SS-524) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred to Italy. 1983 - USS THOMAS A. EDISON (SSBN/SSN-610) decommissioned. 1997 - Ex-THOMAS A. EDISON (SSBN/SSN-610) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. Ex-GLENARD P. LIPSCOMB (SSN-685) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. 2000 - Ex-HAWKBILL (SSN-666) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. 2002 - legendary WWII submarine commander, retired Capt. Edward L. "Ned" Beach Jr., died at his Washington, D.C. home. His WWII service highlights include Damage Control Assistant, Chief Engineer, and Executive Officer aboard USS TRIGGER (SS-237); Executive Officer, awarded the Navy Cross aboard USS TIRANTE (SS-420); Commanding Officer for one war patrol aboard USS PIPER (SS-409). His post WWII service highlights include Commanding Officer USS AMBERJACK (SS-522); Commanding Officer USS TRIGGER II (SS- 564); Commanding Officer USS TRITON (SSN-586) the world's largest submarine at the time, on her 84 day circumnavigation of the earth. In addition to his superb naval career, he was an accomplished author and wrote, among many other works, the globally acclaimed piece of literature, Run Silent, Run Deep in 1955. The novel was made into a popular movie starring Clark Gable and Burt Lancaster. In an interview with “All Hands Magazine,” a U.S. Navy internal information periodical, he didn't like the movie because it wasn’t “… true to the Navy that I saw and tried to describe". Beach is survived by his wife, Ingrid, three children, and four grandchildren. December 2 1916 - PCU O-3 (SS-64) keel laid as O-3 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1917 - USS C-4 (ex-BONITA) (SS-15) collided with USS C-1 (ex-OCTOPUS) (SS-9). 1919 - PCU S-11 (SS-116) keel laid as S-11 at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1935 - PCU PIKE (SS-173) commissioned USS PIKE (SS-173) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH; Lt. Heber H. McLean commanding. 1942 - PCU HARDER (SS-257) commissioned USS HARDER (SS-257) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Comdr. S. D. Dealey commanding. 1953 - USS TINOSA (SS-283) second decommissioning; laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Mare Island Group. 1964 - PCU SAM RAYBURN (SSBN-635) commissioned USS SAM RAYBURN (SSBN-635) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; Capt. Oliver H. Perry, Jr. (BLUE) commanding. 23

1968 - USS GROUPER (SS-214) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. USS SEA CAT (SS-399) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at , FL. USS SENNET (SS-408) struck from the Naval Vessel Register after having been found unfit for further Naval service in November. USS ARGONAUT (SS-475) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register; transferred (sold) to , renamed HMCS Rainbow (SS-75). 1988 - USS DACE (SSN-607) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register; laid up at Bremerton Naval Shipyard, WA. December 3 1907 - PCU TARANTULA (later B-3) (SS-12) commissioned USS TARANTULA at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA; Lieutenant J. F. Daniels commanding and reported to the Atlantic Fleet. 1941 - PCU HALIBUT (SS-232) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. P. T. Blackburn. 1951 - PCU HARDER (SS-568) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Kay Logan Cole. 1956 - the Navy terminated participation in the U. S. Army's Jupiter missile program and began pursuing the development of the Polaris missile submarine. 1962 - PCU SAM RAYBURN (SSBN-635) keel laid as SAM RAYBURN at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA. 1966 - PCU FRANCIS SCOTT KEY (SSBN-657) commissioned USS FRANCIS SCOTT KEY (SSBN-657) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1980 - during a test, about 150 gallons of low-level radioactive water leaked from a faulty valve on USS HAWKBILL (SSN-666) while undergoing overhaul at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, WA. Five workers received low-level radioactive contamination. A Navy spokesman said they received a dose of radiation "less than that typically received by a chest X-ray". 2003 - three commanding officers of Norfolk-based received the Bronze Star in an awards ceremony at , VA. USS NEWPORT NEWS (SSN-750) Commanding Officer Cmdr. Frederick J. Capria, USS MONTPELIER (SSN-765) Commanding Officer Cmdr. William J. Frake, and USS BOISE (SSN-764) former Commanding Officer Cmdr. James M. Kuzma, were deployed with Commander, U.S. 5th Fleet, from February to April 2003, in direct support of combat operations. The three submarines were part of a naval force comprised of 12 U.S. and two U.K. submarines during Operation Iraqi Freedom that conducted the largest-ever submarine-launched Tomahawk land-attack cruise missile strike. Thirty percent of Tomahawk launches during OIF came from submarines. The Bronze Star Medal, which was established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt February 8, 1944, is awarded to those who distinguish themselves by displaying heroic or meritorious achievement in connection with military operations against enemies of the United States. 2004 - Cmdr. Edwin J. Ruff Jr. relieved Cmdr. David S. Ratte as commanding officer of the fast- attack submarine USS MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL (SSN-708) in a ceremony at pier 3, Naval Station Norfolk, VA. Under Ratte's command, MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL completed two deployments in support of the Global War on Terrorism and earned the Submarine Squadron 6 Battle Efficiency "E" Award for 2003. Ratte, a graduate of the U.S. Naval 24

Academy, continued to serve in the Navy at the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Ruff previously commanded PCU TEXAS (SSN-775) before deploying on British attack submarine HMS Tireless as a command rider from July to October 2004. December 4 1912 - USS B-2 (ex-CUTTLEFISH) (SS-11) second decommissioning. USS B-3 (ex-TARANTULA) (SS-12) second decommissioning at Charleston Navy Yard. 1916 - PCU O-4 (SS-65) keel laid as O-4 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1917 - PCU S-4 (SS-109) keel laid as S-4 at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. PCU S-5 (SS-110) keel laid as S-5 at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1942 - PCU BASHAW (SS-241) keel laid as BASHAW at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1943 - PCU BANG (SS-385) commissioned USS BANG (SS-385) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lieutenant Commander A. R. Gallaher commanding. 1944 - PCU BULLHEAD (SS-332) commissioned USS BULLHEAD (SS-332) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Commander W. T. Griffith commanding. PCU ODAX (SS-484) keel laid as ODAX at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1989 - USS BARBEL (SS-580) decommissioned. 1993 - PCU HARTFORD (SSN-768) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 5 1918 - PCU S-33 (SS-138) launched at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; sponsored by Mrs. Thomas M. Searles. 1922 - USS L-5 (SS-44) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Hampton Roads, VA. USS T-1 (ex-SCHLEY/AA-1/SF-1) (SS-52) decommissioned; laid up at the Submarine Base, Hampton Roads, VA. During her service life, flaws in her design and construction – particularly in her propulsion plant - became apparent. 1942 - PCU FLOUNDER (SS-251) keel laid as FLOUNDER at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1959 - PCU SEADRAGON (SSN-584) commissioned USS SEADRAGON (SSN-584) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. George P. Steele commanding. 1964 - PCU BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (SSBN-640) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. PCU FRANCIS SCOTT KEY (SSBN-657) keel laid as FRANCIS SCOTT KEY at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 6 1916 - PCU O-6 (SS-67) keel laid as O-6 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1917 - PCU R-7 (SS-84) keel laid as R-7 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1919 - Ex-G-4 (ex-THRASHER) (SS-26) designated as a target for depth charge and ordnance tests but later sold for scrapping. 1940 - PCU FLYING FISH (SS-229) keel laid as FLYING FISH at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1943 - USS WAHOO (SS-238) struck from the Naval Vessel Register. Wahoo earned six battle stars for World War II service in addition to being awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for her third patrol. 1953 - PCU ALBACORE (AGSS-569) commissioned USS ALBACORE (AGSS-569) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, NH, to test new submarine technology. Lt. Comdr. Kenneth 25

C. Gummerson commanding. Her most important innovation was her teardrop shaped hull form. 1955 - USS MANTA (SS-299) second decommissioning at Sub Base New London, CT; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1966 - PCU QUEENFISH (SSN-651) commissioned USS QUEENFISH (SSN-651) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; Comdr. Jackson B. Richard commanding. She was the first Sturgeon class attack submarine to be commissioned. 1968 - PCU GURNARD (SSN-662) commissioned USS GURNARD (SSN-662) at Mare Island Naval Shipbuilding, Vallejo, CA. 1975 - USS HADDOCK (SSN-621) developed a leak and flooded during a deep dive while on a test run near Hawaii. The U.S. Navy confirmed the incident but denied the vessel was unsafe as crew members had charged in late October. A number of enlisted men had protested sending the ship to sea, claiming it had cracks in the main cooling piping, leaks, and malfunctions and deficiencies in other systems, including the steering mechanism. The Navy replied that in accordance with strict safety procedures, any problems are corrected before the ship goes to sea. 1977 - USS DARTER (SSN-576) encountered severe flooding due to a snorkel head valve malfunction off the coast of Japan. USS PINTADO (SSN-672) sustained damage to the top of her rudder in a minor collision with a South Korean Navy ship during exercises off Korea. PINTADO initiated emergency deep dive procedures when the surface ship turned toward the submarine at close range. 1986 - PCU SAN JUAN (SSN-751) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 7 1917 - PCU L-6 (SS-45) commissioned USS L-6 at Craig Shipbuilding Company, Long Beach, CA; Lt. H. B. Berry commanding. PCU L-7 (SS-46) commissioned USS L-7 at Craig Shipbuilding Company, Long Beach, CA; Lt. P. M. Bates commanding. PCU S-14 (SS-119) keel laid as S-14 at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT. 1920 - PCU T-3 (SF-3) (ex-AA-3) (SS-61) commissioned USS T-3 (SF-3) at Navy Yard, Boston, MA; Lt. Comdr. Charles Milford Elder commanding. 1932 - USS R-12 (SS-89) decommissioned at Philadelphia, PA; laid up in Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1937 - USS S-31 (SS-136) decommissioned at Philadelphia, PA; laid up in the Reserve Fleet, League Island. USS S-32 (SS-137) decommissioned at Philadelphia, PA; laid up in the Reserve Fleet, League Island. 1941 - submarines were spared during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, making the Submarine Force indispensable. "When I assumed command of the Pacific Fleet on 31 December 1941 our submarines were already operating against the enemy, the only units of the Fleet that could come to grips with the Japanese for months to come. It was to the Submarine Force that I looked to carry the load until our great industrial activity could produce the weapons we so sorely needed to carry the war to the enemy. It is to the everlasting honor and glory of our submarine personnel that they never failed us in our days of great peril." (Admiral Chester W. Nimitz) The U.S. was drawn into World War II which had been raging for over two years. 26

Japanese Naval forces attacked Pearl Harbor and seriously crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet. They, however, missed two vital targets - the fuel oil supply and the Submarine Force. The U.S. Submarine Force drew first blood in this war when USS TAUTOG (SS-199) and USS NARWHAL (SS-167) shared credit with a U.S. destroyer for splashing a Japanese torpedo plane as it came over Merry Point. Commander Submarine Force, U. S. Atlantic Fleet (COMSUBLANT) was established. Instructed to groom his submarines for combat duty RADM Richard S. Edwards, the first Force Commander, set out with a capacity for work; coupled with experience, this spelled success. 1942 - PCU STEELHEAD (SS-280) commissioned USS STEELHEAD (SS-280) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. David L. Whelchel commanding. PCU BOWFIN (SS-287) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. J. O. Gawne, wife of Captain Gawne. 1963 - PCU JAMES MONROE (SSBN-622) commissioned USS JAMES MONROE (SSBN-622) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; Comdr. William H. Sandford commanding. 1968 - PCU FINBACK (SSN-670) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA. 2005 - Commander Bobby J. Pannell relieved Commander Dennis E. Carpenter as Commanding Officer of the nuclear-powered fast attack submarine USS CHARLOTTE (SSN-766) in a ceremony today at Devary Hall, Naval Station Norfolk, VA. Carpenter reported as CHARLOTTE’s Commanding Officer in April 2003. During his tenure as commanding officer, CHARLOTTE completed two Western Pacific deployments, two Eastern Pacific deployments, and was awarded a Navy Unit Commendation. Carpenter challenged his crew to meet his expectations and they exceeded them. Carpenter’s next duty assignment was as Deputy Commander, Submarine Squadron THREE, in Pearl Harbor, HI. After completing the nuclear and submarine training pipelines, Pannell reported aboard the ballistic missile submarine USS JAMES MADISON (SSBN-627), where he completed four strategic deterrent patrols. His other sea duty assignments include Engineering Officer, USS LOUISVILLE (SSN-724), and Executive Officer, USS OLYMPIA (SSN-717). CHARLOTTE arrived in Norfolk on November 28 from her homeport in Pearl Harbor, HI. She made a temporary change of homeport in order to undergo a major Depot Modernization Period (DMP) at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, VA. Commissioned in 1994, CHARLOTTE lives up to her motto as the “Silent Stinger.” An improved Los Angeles class submarine is 360 feet long, displaces 6,900 tons of water, and can travel in excess of 25 knots. With stealth, endurance and agility, fast-attack submarines are multi-mission capable - able to deploy and support special forces operations, disrupt and destroy an adversary’s military and economic operations at sea, provide early strike from close proximity, and ensure undersea superiority. December 8 1916 - PCU O-5 (SS-66) keel laid as O-5 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1941 - Admiral Thomas Hart proclaimed unrestricted submarine warfare against Japan. The United States and Britain declared war on Japan. The Japanese landed near Singapore and entered Thailand. PCU RUNNER (SS-275) keel laid as RUNNER at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1944 - USS CUTTLEFISH (SS-171) collided with USS Bray (DE 709) off Boston, MA. 27

PCU TORO (SS-422) commissioned USS TORO (SS-422) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Comdr. James D. Grant commanding. 1945 - USS TAUTOG (SS-199) decommissioned at Portsmouth, NH; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, assigned to Naval Reserve Training Center, Milwaukee, WI, from 9 May 1947 to 1959. 1953 - PCU SAILFISH (SS-572) keel laid as SAILFISH at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1979 - PCU PHOENIX (SSN-702) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1984 - PCU PITTSBURGH (SSN-720) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 2005 - the Los Angeles-class fast attack submarine USS MIAMI (SSN-755) arrived at her homeport, Submarine Base New London, CT. MIAMI was completing a regularly scheduled deployment in support of the Global War on Terrorism. December 9 1920 - PCU S-10 (SS-115) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Miss Marian K. Payne. 1942 - PCU APOGON (SS-308) keel laid as APOGON at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1944 - PCU BUMPER (SS-333) commissioned USS BUMPER (SS-333) at Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Commander J. W. Williams, Jr. commanding. 1961 - PCU PLUNGER (SSN-595) launched at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA; sponsored by Mrs. Clinton P. Anderson. PCU TINOSA (SSN-606) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. Samuel B. Stratton, the wife of Congressman Samuel B. Stratton of New York. 1965 - PCU GUITARRO (SSN-665) keel laid as GUITARRO at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA. 1972 - USS ALBACORE (SS-569) decommissioned; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Philadelphia Group 2005 - just two days after the historic Pearl Harbor Day, another Navy tradition occurred at the USS Bowfin Museum, Pearl Harbor, HI. The turnover of command of USS BREMERTON (SSN-698) as Cmdr. Thomas Zwolfer relieved Cmdr. Charles Logan. Logan graduated with distinction from the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. His next assignment was deputy commander of Submarine Squadron One in Pearl Harbor. Before serving on BREMERTON, he served aboard four other submarines including USS PERMIT (SSN-594), USS SILVERSIDES (SSN-679), USS SAN FRANCISCO (SSN-711) and USS WYOMING (SSBN- 742)(BLUE). Zwolfer graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1988, with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Naval Architecture. His previous assignment was on the staff of the Secretary of Defense within Program Analysis and Evaluation. Before taking command of BREMERTON, he served on three other submarines including USS PROVIDENCE (SSN-719), USS MAINE (SSBN-741) (GOLD) and USS CHARLOTTE (SSN-766). December 10 1900 - PCU GRAMPUS (later A-3) (SS-4) keel laid as GRAMPUS at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. PCU PIKE (later A-5) (SS-6) keel laid as PIKE at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. 1910 - USS GRAMPUS (later A-3)(SS-4) main engine fuel explosion, 1 died. 1917 - PCU R-15 (SS-92) launched at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; sponsored by Mrs. Thales S. Boyd. 28

1918 - PCU S-36 (SS-141) keel laid as S-36 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, San Francisco, CA. 1940 - USS S-48 (SS-159) second commissioning but she remained at Philadelphia, PA until mid- March 1941. 1941 - USS SEALION (SS-195) and USS SEADRAGON (SS-194) were bombed by Japanese air forces (Takao and 1st Kokutais) at Cavite Navy Yard, P.I. SEALION was completing overhaul and was severely damaged; SEADRAGON was only slightly damaged. Five men perished that day - 3 on SEALION, 2 on SEADRAGON. SEALION was the first U.S. submarine loss of World War II; she was a total loss. The destruction of the navy yard made repairs impossible and she was ordered destroyed. All salvageable equipment was taken off, depth charges were placed inside and on 25 December the explosives were set off to prevent her from being made useful to the enemy. USS TRITON (SS-201) excecuted the first torpedo attack by a U.S. Submarine in WWII. PCU FLYING FISH (SS-229) commissioned USS FLYING FISH (SS-229) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; Lieutenant Commander Glynn R. Donaho commanding. 1945 - USS TAMBOR (SS-198) decommissioned at Portsmouth, NH; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1948 - USS CATFISH (SS-339) decommissioned for GUPPY II conversion. USS ENDEMEDOR (SS-340) decommissioned at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA and laid up in Pacific Reserve Fleet. 1952 - USS ICEFISH (SS-367) second commissioning at Groton, CT after GUPPY conversion. USS THREADFIN (SS-410) decommissioned at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard for GUPPY IIA (snorkel) conversion. 1965 - PCU KAMEHAMEHA (SSBN-642) commissioned USS KAMEHAMEHA (SSBN-642) at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA; Comdr. Roth S. Leddick (BLUE) and Comdr. Robert W. Dickieson (GOLD) commanding. 1970 - PCU PARCHE (SSN-683) keel laid as PARCHE at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp, Pascagoula, MS. 1994 - PCU HARTFORD (SSN-768) commissioned USS HARTFORD (SSN-768) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 11 1917 - PCU R-3 (SS-80) keel laid as R-3 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. PCU S-1 (SS-105) keel laid as S-1 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1945 - USS GAR (SS-206) decommissioned at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1946 - USS SEARAVEN (SS-196) decommissioned after participation in the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll. USS TUNA (SS-203) decommissioned at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA after participation in the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll. She had been retained as a radiological laboratory unit and subjected to numerous radiological and structural studies while remaining at Mare Island. However, no preservation work was undertaken on the ship. USS SKATE (SS-305) inspected and decommissioned at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA after participation in the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll. USS DENTUDA (SS-335) decommissioned after participation in the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll. She was subsequently placed in service as a Naval Reserve Training Vessel in the 12th Naval District (Hunters Point Navy Shipyard). 29

USS PARCHE (SS-384) decommissioned after participation in the atomic bomb tests at Bikini Atoll. She was subsequently assigned to duty as a Naval Reserve at Oakland, CA, circa March,1947 and soon moved to Alameda, CA. 1953 - USS CROAKER (SS-246) second commissioning USS CROAKER (SSK-246) after conversion to a Hunter-Killer submarine. 1971 - PCU WILLIAM H. BATES (SSN-680) launched at Ingalls Nuclear Shipbuilding Division, of Litton Industries, Pascagoula, MS; sponsored by Mrs. Andrew R. Grainger, the wife of Ens. Andrew R. Grainger and the daughter of Representative Bates. 1998 - PCU CONNECTICUT (SSN-22) commissioned USS CONNECTICUT (SSN-22) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT, homeport Groton, CT. 2003 - the Los Angeles-class fast-attack submarine USS HAMPTON (SSN-767) returned to Naval Station Norfolk, VA from a six-month deployment. The submarine and her 145-man crew departed Norfolk June 11 on a regularly scheduled deployment. During her deployment, HAMPTON conducted operations as part of the U.S. 6th Fleet in the and took part in various NATO exercises. HAMPTON also made port visits to ; Toulon, France; Souda Bay, Crete. 2003 - the Honorable Gordon R. England, Secretary of the Navy, approved Norfolk, VA as the commissioning location of PCU VIRGINIA (SSN-774), the Navy’s newest fast-attack submarine and the first submarine of the class. Lynda Johnson Robb, wife of former U.S. Senator Charles S. Robb of Virginia, daughter of former President Lyndon B. Johnson and the submarine’s sponsor, christened VIRGINIA during a ceremony at General Dynamics Electric Boat Shipyard in Groton, CT, August 16, 2003. VIRGINIA’s keel was laid Sept. 2, 1999. Following VIRGINIA’s commissioning, PCUs TEXAS (SSN-775) and HAWAII (SSN-776) will be the next submarines of this class to join the fleet. December 12 1918 - PCU S-37 (SS-142) keel laid as S-37 at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. The American submarine force in Europe borrowed four captured U-boats from the British and took them to Portland, England for almost three weeks of tests and inspection. 1919 - USS A-2 (ex-ADDER) (SS-3) second decommissioning. USS A-4 (ex-MOCCASIN) (SS-5) second decommissioning at Cavite Navy Yard, P.I. USS A-6 (ex-PORPOISE) (SS-7) second decommissioning and turned over to the Commandant of the Naval Station at Cavite, P.I. for disposal. USS A-7 (ex-SHARK) (SS-8) (Submarine Torpedo Boat No. 8) second decommissioning at Cavite Navy Yard, P.I. USS B-2 (ex-CUTTLEFISH) (SS-11) third decommissioning and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Cavite Navy Yard, P.I. 1924 - USS O-5 (SS-66) raised after collision and sold to R.K. Morris, Balboa, CZ. for scrapping. 1943 - PCU BARBERO (SS-317) launched at Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Katherine R. Keating. PCU HARDHEAD (SS-365) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI; sponsored by Mrs. E. F. McDonald. 1951 - the Navy Department announced that NAUTILUS (SSN-571) would be the sixth ship of the fleet to bear the name NAUTILUS. 1989 - USS DARTER (SS-576) decommissioned. 1992 - PCU SANTA FE (SSN-763) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics 30

Corporation, Groton, CT. 1996 - the attack submarine USS MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL (SSN-708) underwent repair work onboard the Auxiliary Floating Dry Dock Resolute (AFDM-10) at the Norfolk Naval Station, VA. 2005 - the crew of USS DOLPHIN (AGSS-555) got underway in preparation for shallow-water acoustic torpedo testing that was scheduled to take place early the following year. The torpedo testing will involve the submersion of DOLPHIN in shallow waters to near- bottom depths, at which point she will become the target of deactivated torpedoes. In shallow water, targets are harder for submarines to hit because noise and reverberation on the sea floor limit the ability of torpedoes to pick out their target. The Navy’s goal in the experiment is to help develop a more capable torpedo armed with a more advance system. During its underway period, the crew ran through numerous drills involving various systems onboard in connection with the tests. Though DOLPHIN is one of the oldest submarines and the only diesel-electric one in commission, she has been at the forefront of technology researching systems. With a crew of less than 50 men, DOLPHIN is also smaller than her nuclear counterparts. DOLPHIN can maintain more extensive onboard laboratory facilities than other deep submersible submarines. She can carry scientific payloads of more than 12 tons and take them to an unmatched recorded depth of more than 3,000 feet. DOLPHIN was conducting similar acoustic torpedo experiments in May 2002 when her sail side door failed to maintain a watertight seal. This resulted in flooding the ship, which damaged electrical devices on board. After the incident, DOLPHIN’s crew and the Navy repaired and upgraded the boat. December 13 1900 - PCU PORPOISE (later A-6) (SS-7) keel laid as PORPOISE at Crescent Shipyard, Elizabethport, NJ. 1917 - PCU S-15 (SS-120) keel laid as S-15 at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT. 1920 - PCU S-43 (SS-154) keel laid as S-43 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA. 1923 - PCU S-28 (SS-133) commissioned USS S-28 (SS-133) at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA; Lt. Kemp C. Christian commanding. 1942 - PCU MUSKALLUNGE (SS-262) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Merritt D. Graham, widow of Chief Torpedoman Graham who was lost with USS GRUNION (SS-216) in July 1942. 1943 - PCU KRAKEN (SS-370) keel laid as KRAKEN at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI. 1945 - USS THRESHER (SS-200) decommissioned at Portsmouth, NH; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1954 - USS BARB (SS-220) third and final decommissioning and loaned to Italy under the Mutual Defense Assistance Program. 1980 - PCU (SSN-704) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1986 - PCU TENNESSEE (SSBN-734) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 2005 - Christmas decorations adorned the deck of the Los Angeles-class fast attack submarine USS KEY WEST (SSN-722) while she was in her homeport of Naval Station Pearl Harbor, HI. 31

December 14 1918 - USS O-16 (SS-77) collided with USS R-15 (SS-92) in the Canal Zone. 1944 - USS S-38 (SS-143) decommissioned. 1967 - PCU LAPON (SSN-661) commissioned USS LAPON (SSN-661) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; Comdr. Chester M. Mack commanding. 1970 - USS SEA FOX (SS-402) second decommissioning, struck from the Naval Vessel Register, transferred to the Republic of Turkey and commissioned TGC Burak Reis (S-335). 1974 - USS KAMEHAMEHA (SSBN-642) struck submerged fishing gear during independent exercises in the central Mediterranean. She bore deep hull scrapes on the port side, a sheared underwater log sword and a damaged screw. KAMEHAMEHA returned to port under her own power for repairs. 1985 - PCU LOUISVILLE (SSN-724) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 15 1917 - PCU R-16 (SS-93) launched at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; sponsored by Mrs. Edward R. Wilson. 1939 - PCU GRAYLING (SS-209) keel laid as GRAYLING at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. 1941 - the first Japanese merchant ship was sunk by a U.S. submarine. PCU SILVERSIDES (SS-236) commissioned USS SILVERSIDES (SS-236) at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; Lt. Comdr. C. C. Burlingame commanding. 1942 - PCU LANCETFISH (SS-296) keel laid as LANCETFISH at Cramp Shipbuilding Company, Philadelphia, PA. PCU LIONFISH (SS-298) keel laid as LIONFISH at Cramp Shipbuilding Corporation, Philadelphia, PA. 1944 - PCU MEDREGAL (SS-480) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. A. H. Taylor. PCU AMBERJACK (SS-522) launched at Boston Navy Yard, Boston, MA; sponsored by Mrs. Dina C. Lang. PCU PICKEREL (SS-524) launched without christening ceremony at Boston Navy Yard, Boston, MA; sponsored by Mrs. John R. Moore. 1945 - USS PAMPANITO (SS-383) decommissioned; laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet. 1953 - USS LIONFISH (SS-298) second decommissioning at New London, CT; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, New London. 1961 - PCU GATO (SSN-615) keel laid as GATO at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1971 - USS RUNNER (SS-476) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. USS CUTLASS (SS-478) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1973 - PCU NEW YORK CITY (SSN-696) keel laid as NEW YORK CITY at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1986 - USS NATHANAEL GREEN (SSBN-636) decommissioned. 1997 - the guided missile cruiser USS Port Royal (CG-73) and the nuclear powered submarine USS ANNAPOLIS (SSN-760) steamed in formation with the nuclear powered aircraft carrier USS Nimitz (CVN-68). The Nimitz battle group was deployed to the North Persian Gulf in support of Operation Southern Watch. 32

2005 - USS DOLPHIN (AGSS-555) returned to San Diego, CA harbor after conducting an underway period off the coast of Southern . DOLPHIN was commissioned on August 17, 1968 and serves as the Navy's deep diving submarine and scientific test platform. She was assigned to Commander Submarine Group 11 in San Diego. USS SALT LAKE CITY (SSN-716) arrived at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, NH - her last stop before the scrap heap. The boat had 21 years of service. A deactivation ceremony for the 360-foot-long sub was held in October in San Diego. SALT LAKE CITY and her 127- member crew last month surfaced through the ice cap in the Ocean near the North Pole before heading on to the shipyard in Kittery, ME. She spent about a year there, undergoing defueling and other steps in the inactivation process. After that, she was towed back to the West Coast - to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, WA - where she was recycled. December 16 1917 - PCU O-7 (SS-68) launched at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA; sponsored by Mrs. Constance Sears. 1918 - PCU R-1 (SS-78) commissioned USS R-1 at Boston, MA; Comdr. Conant Taylor commanding. 1920 - PCU S-42 (SS-153) keel laid as S-42 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA. 1937 - PCU SNAPPER (SS-185) commissioned USS SNAPPER (SS-185) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH; Lt. F. O. Johnson commanding. 1942 - PCU HOE (SS-258) commissioned USS HOE (SS-258) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Lt. Comdr. E. C. Folger commanding. 1943 - PCU CARBONERO (SS-337) keel laid as CARBONERO at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. PCU PILOTFISH (SS-386) commissioned USS PILOTFISH (SS-386) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. Robert H. Close commanding. 1944 - PCU TORSK (SS-423) commissioned USS TORSK (SS-423) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Comdr. Bafford E. Lewellen commanding. 1964 - PCU HADDO (SSN-604) commissioned USS HADDO (SSN-604) at New York Shipbuilding Corp, Camden, NJ; Comdr. John G. Williams commanding. 1966 - PCU MARIANO G. VALLEJO (SSBN-658) commissioned USS MARIANO G. VALLEJO (SSBN- 658) at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA; Comdr. Douglas B. Guthe (BLUE) and Comdr. John K. Nunneley (GOLD) commanding. PCU LAPON (SSN-661) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; sponsored by Mrs. Charles D. Griffin. 1978 - PCU BIRMINGHAM (SSN-695) commissioned USS BIRMINGHAM (SSN-695) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Company, Newport News, VA. 1999 - Ex-ATLANTA (SSN-712) decommissioned and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register; to be disposed of by Submarine Recycling Program. 2003 - USS MEMPHIS (SSN-691) made a brief stop at the eastern Mediterranean port of Souda Bay, Crete, Greece. MEMPHIS was home ported in Groton, CT. Commissioned in 1977, MEMPHIS is the fourth Los Angeles-class nuclear-powered attack submarine. USS HELENA (SSN-725) returned home to San Diego, CA following a six-month Western Pacific deployment. The fast-attack submarine USS HARTFORD (SSN-768) arrived at Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, VA, to repair exterior damage caused by an accidental grounding off the 33

coast of Italy in October. Norfolk Naval Shipyard, along with Naval Sea Systems Command engineers, evaluated the submarine to determine the extent of required repairs and the timetable to complete the work. HARTFORD deployed to the Mediterranean Sea in October 2003. On October 25, the submarine briefly touched bottom while she was traveling on the surface in shallow water east of Caprera, Sardinia, Italy. She returned to the United States after making temporary repairs at the U.S. Naval Support Activity, La Maddalena, Sardinia, Italy. Commissioned in 1994, HARTFORD is the 57th ship of the Los Angeles-class and the second U.S. naval vessel to be named in honor of the city of Hartford, CT. The submarine was homeported in Groton, CT. December 17 1917 - USS F-1 (ex-CARP) (SS-20) sunk after collision with USS F-3 (ex-PICKEREL) (SS-22) off Point Loma, San Diego, CA. F-1 sank in 10 seconds, her port side was torn forward of the engine room. Nineteen men died. PCU R-6 (SS-83) keel laid as R-6 at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 1920 - PCU S-16 (SS-121) commissioned USS S-16 (SS-121) at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT; Lt. Comdr. Andrew C. Bennett commanding. 1927 - while running submerged off Provincetown, Massachusetts, USS S-4 (SS-109) was rammed by USCG Paulding and sank; 34 men were lost. Although at least 6 men survived initially, trapped in the forward torpedo room, the non-existence of a rescue capability resulted in their deaths. This accident lead to the development of the Momsen Lung (which for the first time allowed escape from a sunken submarine), the McCann rescue diving bell and telephone buoys (which allow crews trapped inside a submarine to communicate with rescue ships on the surface). 1929 - PCU V-5 (SC-1) (later NARWHAL) ( SS-167) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. Charles F. Adams, wife of the Secretary of the Navy. 1942 - PCU BLUEGILL (SS-242) keel laid as BLUEGILL at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1944 - PCU ENDEMEDOR (SS-340) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. E. V. Izac. 1956 - USS BURRFISH (SS-312) second decommissioning at Submarine Base New London, CT; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, New London Group. 1971 - PCU ARCHERFISH (SSN-678) commissioned USS ARCHERFISH (SSN-678) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT; Comdr. Ralph Gordon Bird commanding. 1977 - PCU MEMPHIS (SSN-691) commissioned USS MEMPHIS (SSN-691) at Newport New Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA. 1988 - PCU TENNESSEE (SSBN-734) commissioned USS TENNESSEE (SSBN-734) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. She was the first Trident submarine employing the D-5 missile system. 2002 - the first submarine in the Virginia class passed a major milestone when her pressure hull was completed. PCO of PCU VIRGINIA (SSN-774), Capt. Dave Kern, took command in August. Kern earned a bachelor's degree in physics from the U.S. Naval Academy and a master's in national security affairs from the Naval Postgraduate School; he brought more than 21 years of experience to his current job. Most recently, he was commanding officer of USS SAN FRANCISCO (SSN-711), serving in that assignment from June 1999 to May 2002. He has also served aboard USS (SSN-718), USS NEWPORT NEWS (SSN-750), USS CINCINNATI (SSN-693) and USS NEBRASKA (SSBN-739). Additionally, Kern 34

has completed staff assignments with the commander in chief, Atlantic Fleet, and the office of the Chief of Naval Operations. Kern said that 100 of the ship’s final complement of 136 sailors had reported for duty. Also, her systems are more than 80 percent assembled. December 18 1903 - the Navy approved the first set of major submarine shipalts for the A-Class boats. These included a new , , and better buoyancy control. 1930 - Ex-K-5 (SS-36) struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1938 - Ex-S-19 (SS-124) was towed to sea off Pearl Harbor and sunk in accordance with the terms of the London Treaty. 1944 - PCU MANTA (SS-299) commissioned USS MANTA (SS-299) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard; Lt. Comdr. Edward P. Bradley commanding. The Secretary of the Navy established the Navy Unit Commendation, awarded by the secretary with the approval of the President. This award is conferred on any ship, aircraft, detachment or other unit of the U.S. Navy or Marine Corps for extremely meritorious service not involving combat but in support of military operations, which were outstanding when compared to other units performing similar service. 1945 - USS SABLEFISH (SS-303) commissioned USS SABLEFISH (SS-303) at Cramp Shipbuilding Corporation, Philadelphia, PA; Comdr. R. U. Crane commanding. 1959 - PCU ROBERT E. LEE (SSBN-601) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; sponsored by Mrs. Hanson E. Ely II. 1987 - PCU WEST VIRGINIA (SSBN-736) keel laid as WEST VIRGINIA at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. PCU KENTUCKY (SSBN-737) keel laid as KENTUCKY at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 19 1917 - USS L-10 (SS-50) damaged her torpedo tube shutters in heavy weather; they were removed on arrival at Punta Delgada, Azores. 1918 - PCU S-21 (SS-126) keel laid as S-21 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA. 1943 - PCU CROAKER (SS-246) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. W. H. P. Blandy. 1945 - PCU CUBERA (SS-347) commissioned USS CUBERA (SS-347) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Lieutenant Commander R. W. Paine, Jr. commanding. 1964 - PCU NATHANAEL GREEN (SSBN-636) commissioned USS NATHANAEL GREENE (SSBN-636) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; Comdr. Robert E. Crispin (BLUE) and Comdr. William M. Cossaboom (GOLD) commanding. 1973 - USS GREENFISH (SS-351) decommissioned and transferred (sold) under terms of the Security Assistance Program to Brazil; renamed Amazonas (S-16). 1978 - USS TROUT (SS-566) decommissioned, struck from the Naval Vessel Register, and transferred to Iran, renamed Kousseh. She was abandoned by her Iranian crew at New London, CT in March 1979 following the Iranian revolution. Ex-TROUT was returned to U.S. Navy custody in 1992, then used as an experimental ship in 1994 and a target sub at NAWCAD Key West, FL. 1981 - PCU PHOENIX (SSN-702) commissioned USS PHOENIX (SSN-702) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1983 - USS GUITARRO (SSN-665) sufferred a battery fire while at San Diego, CA; no casualties. 35

The Trident submarine USS FLORIDA (SSBN-728) was slightly damaged when she hit an unidentified object while submerged during sea trials in Long Island Sound. No one was injured and a Navy spokesman said he had no cost estimate on the damage. 2002 - USS FLORIDA (SSBN-728) arrived at her new homeport, Naval Station Norfolk, VA. FLORIDA was one of four Ohio-class submarines on the list to be converted to conventional-weapon (SSGN) submarines. 2003 - the Los Angeles class attack submarine USS JACKSONVILLE (SSN-699) moored alongside USS HAMPTON (SSN-767) after returning home to Naval Station Norfolk, VA. JACKSONVILLE was deployed for three months in support of the Global War on Terrorism. 2005 - USS OHIO (SSGN-726), the Navy’s first modern guided missile submarine, took a significant step toward rejoining the Fleet when she arrived at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, WA, with a broom atop her sail to signify a clean sweep of the ship’s initial sea trials. The SSGN conversion program is the first truly transformational program in the Navy. President George W. Bush made reference to it in his May 2001 commencement address to the U.S. Naval Academy. The program will go from the first boat entering the shipyard to the last boat being delivered back to the Fleet in less than five years. SSGN embodies a new level of adaptable warfare that is suited for today’s security environment. OHIO was the first of four Fleet Ballistic Missile submarines (SSBN) to be converted to SSGN. Prior to the conversion process, each boat unloaded her complement of Trident Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles. Twenty-two of the 24 missile tubes on each boat are being retrofitted to carry up to seven Tomahawk cruise missiles, for a maximum load out of 154 missiles per boat. The remaining two tubes are being converted into Lock-in/Lock-out chambers for use by Special Operations Forces (SOF). Each SSGN can carry and support up to 66 Special Operation Forces for an extended period of time. These ships have a specialized planning area, physical fitness equipment, and laser shooting ranges for use by the Operators. Further, SSGNs can to carry two Advanced SEAL (Sea, Air, Land) Delivery Systems, two Dry deck Shelters, or one of each using the lock-in/lock-out chambers as their docking sites. The three other submarines undergoing the SSGN conversion process - USS MICHIGAN (SSGN-727), FLORIDA (SSGN-728), and GEORGIA (SSGN-729) - are all slated to rejoin the Fleet by 2007. December 20 1933 - PCU PIKE (SS-173) keel laid as PIKE at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. 1939 - PCU TAMBOR (SS-198) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Miss Lucia Ellis. 1942 - PCU RASHER (SS-269) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co, Manitowoc, WI; sponsored by Mrs. G. C. Weaver. 1944 - PCU MENHADEN (SS-377) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI; sponsored by Miss Mirium R. Johnson. 1963 - PCU SAM RAYBURN (SSBN-635) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; co-sponsored by Mrs. S. E. Bartley and Mrs. W. A. Thomas. 1966 - PCU GUARDFISH (SSN-612) commissioned USS GUARDFISH (SSN-612) at New York Shipbuilding Corp, Camden, NJ; Comdr. G. H. Hines commanding. 1971 - USS RASHER (SS-269) struck from the Naval Vessel Register after serving as a training submarine for Naval reservists at Portland, OR. 36

USS REQUIN (SS-481) struck from the Naval Vessel Register after serving as a training submarine for Naval reservists at St. Petersburg, FL. 1985 - PCU PASADENA (SSN-752) keel laid as PASADENA at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. 1989 - USS BARB (SSN-596) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register; laid up at Bremerton Naval Shipyard. 2004 - Cmdr. Rodney E. Hutton relieved Cmdr. John W. Tammen Jr. as commanding officer of the guided-missile submarine USS GEORGIA (SSGN-729) in a ceremony at DeVary Hall, Naval Station Norfolk, VA. GEORGIA arrived in Norfolk in late November following a transit from her homeport at Naval Base Kitsap, Bangor, WA. Hutton graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1988 and was commissioned through the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps, entering the Nuclear Power Training pipeline. He reported aboard his first submarine, USS PENNSYLVANIA (SSBN-735) (BLUE) in 1991, where he qualified in submarines and completed three strategic deterrent patrols. His other sea tours include serving as navigator aboard USS LOS ANGELES (SSN-688) and as Executive Officer aboard USS HONOLULU (SSN-718). Tammen, a native of Washington Township, NJ, took command of GEORGIA in 2001, taking the submarine to sea on her final patrol as a ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), where she maintained 100 percent strategic readiness in support of U.S. Strategic Command. As GEORGIA transitioned from conducting strategic deterrence patrols to conducting shallow water SSGN operations, the submarine participated in “Silent Hammer,” an experiment in SSGN operations involving Special Operations Forces (SOF) and other joint assets. Silent Hammer demonstrated how a network of forces consisting of SOF, sea-based on an SSGN, can conduct intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) and strike operations against an enemy force in the littoral battlespace. The primary missions of the SSGN is land attack and SOF insertion and support. Secondary missions are the traditional attack submarine missions of ISR, battlespace preparation, and sea control. GEORGIA is 560 feet long, displaces nearly 19,000 tons of water, and can travel in excess of 20 knots. She entered Norfolk Naval Shipyard in February 2005 for refueling and further conversion to a guided-missile submarine. GEORGIA is the last of four Ohio-class submarines to undergo conversion to SSGN. December 21 1918 - PCU S-3 (SS-107) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. William L. Hill. 1925 - USS L-8 (SS-48) sold for scrapping. 1945 - PCU GREENFISH (SS-351) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Thomas J. Doyle. 1966 - PCU SPADEFISH (SSN-668) keel laid as SPADEFISH at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Company, Newport News, VA. 1974 - PCU GLENARD P. LIPSCOMB (SSN-685) commissioned USS GLENARD P. LIPSCOMB (SSN- 685) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 22 1909 - PCU SKIPJACK (later E-1) (SS-24) keel laid as SKIPJACK at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. PCU STURGEON (later E-2) (SS-25) keel laid as STURGEON at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA. 37

1916 - USS K-5 (SS-36) grounded off Pelican Shoal near Key West, FL. 1919 - PCU S-51 (SS-162) keel laid as S-51 at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT. 1933 - PCU TARPON (SS-175) keel laid as TARPON at Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1941 - USS GRUNION (SS-216) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Stanford C. Hooper, wife of Rear Admiral Hooper. 1964 - PCU GURNARD (SSN-662) keel laid as GURNARD at Mare Island Naval Shipbuilding, Vallejo, CA. 1965 - PCU LEWIS AND CLARK (SSBN-644) commissioned USS LEWIS AND CLARK (SSBN-644) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA; Comdr. John F. Gagan, Jr., (BLUE) and Comdr. Kenneth A. Porter (GOLD) commanding. 1967 - PCU HADDOCK (SSN-621) commissioned USS HADDOCK (SSN-621) at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp, Pascagoula, MS; Comdr. Stanley J. Anderson commanding. 1995 - Ex-MARIANO G. VALLEJO (SSN-658) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. 1997 - USS BIRMINGHAM (SSN-695) decommissioned and simultaneously struck from the Naval Vessel Register; to be disposed of by Submarine Recycling Program. 1998 - Ex-INDIANAPOLIS (SSN-697) stricken from the Naval Vessel Register, to be disposed of by Submarine Recycling Program. 2005 - just in time for the holidays, the nuclear-powered attack submarine USS PASADENA (SSN-752) returned to her homeport of Pearl Harbor, HI, following a six-month deployment in the Seventh Fleet area of operations. The submarine deployed from Pearl Harbor on June 22, 2005. While on deployment, PASADENA participated in various exercises, conducted missions, and helped to keep a forward naval presence in the theater. The crew visited various ports including Yokosoka and Sasebo, Japan; Guam and . December 23 1919 - USS C-2 (ex-STINGRAY) (SS-13) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Coco Solo C.Z. USS C-3 (ex-TARPON) (SS-14) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Coco Solo C.Z. USS C-5 SNAPPER (SS-16) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Coco Solo C.Z. PCU S-6 (SS-111) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Miss Eleanor Westcott. PCU S-16 (SS-121) launched at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Archibald W. McNeil. 1940 - PCU GRAMPUS (SS-207) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Clark H. Woodward. 1942 - PCU ROCK (SS-274) keel laid as ROCK at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI. 1943 - PCU CARP (SS-338) keel laid as CARP at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. PCU GUAVINA (SS-362) commissioned USS GUAVINA (SS-362) at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI; Lt. Comdr. Carl Tiedeman commanding. 1947 - USS THRESHER (SS-200) struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1953 - USS CERO (SS-225) second decommissioning; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1957 - PCU SKATE (SSN-578) commissioned USS SKATE (SSN-578) at the Electric Boat Division, 38

General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT; Comdr. James F. Calvert commanding. She was the first submarine to be powered by the Submarine Fleet Reactor. This class introduced Portsmouth Naval Shipyard and Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA to nuclear powered submarine construction. December 24 1917 - PCU R-17 (SS-94) launched at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. 1919 - PCU R-14 (SS-91) commissioned USS R-14 at Boston, MA; Lt. Vincent A. Clark, Jr. commanding. 1942 - PCU CABRILLA (SS-288) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. L. B. Combs. PCU CISCO (SS-290) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. A. C. Bennett through her proxy, Mrs. N. Robertson. 1967 - USS GUARDFISH (SSN-612) ran aground on a reef in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The Navy said the vessel rested on a World War II bomb which turned out to be a sand-filled practice bomb. 2004 - USS HOUSTON (SSN-713) arrived at her new homeport of in the U.S. territory of Guam. HOUSTON is the third Los Angeles-class submarine to be forward deployed to Guam with Submarine Squadron Fifteen. December 25 1941 - USS SEALION (SS-195) scuttled in Bay after bombing damage at Cavite, P.I. on 10 December 1941; all salvageable material was removed and she was destroyed by explosives. 1942 - USS PETO (SS-265) decommissioned and barged to New Orleans, LA immediately after commissioning. 1967 - The Observer (1/7/1968) reported that speculation was circulating that a U.S. nuclear- powered ballistic missile submarine suffered serious damage during maneuvers in northern waters just before Christmas. The U.S. Navy declined to confirm or deny the reports (for security reasons) which came from unidentified sources at the U.S. Naval Base in , . In London, it was suggested the damage was caused by pressure changes during a deep dive. December 26 1945 - USS SUNFISH (SS-281) decommissioned at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Mare Island Group and remained out of commission, in reserve, until she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register. December 27 December 27 1913 - PCU G-3 (ex-TURBOT) (SS-31) launched at New York Navy Yard, New York, NY. 1917 - PCU O-13 (SS-74) launched at Lake Torpedo Boat Company, Bridgeport, CT; sponsored by Miss Margaret Arletta Adams. 1924 - PCU V-2 (later-BASS/SF-5) (SS-164) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. Douglas E. Dismukes, wife of Captain Dismukes. 1939 - PCU GAR (SS-206) keel laid as GAR at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1942 - PCU ASPRO (SS-309) keel laid as ASPRO at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. PCU BATFISH (SS-310) keel laid as BATFISH at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1963 - PCU WOODROW WILSON (SSBN-624) commissioned USS WOODROW WILSON (SSBN- 624) at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA; Comdr. C. N. Mitchell (BLUE) and Comdr. W. N. Dietzen (GOLD) commanding. 39

1979 - PCU ALBUQUERQUE (SSN-706) keel laid as ALBUQUERQUE at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 28 1918 - PCU S-31 (SS-136) launched at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; sponsored by Mrs. George A. Walker. 1940 - PCU GROUPER (SS-214) keel laid as GROUPER at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1943 - PCU GABILAN (SS-252) commissioned USS GABILAN (SS-252) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Comdr. K. R. Wheland commanding. PCU TILEFISH (SS-307) commissioned USS TILEFISH (SS-307) at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; Lt. Comdr. Roger Myers Keithly commanding. 1959 - PCU SAM HOUSTON (SSBN-609) keel laid as SAM HOUSTON at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, VA. 1961 - PCU DANIEL WEBSTER (SSBN-626) keel laid as DANIEL WEBSTER at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT. December 29 1920 - PCU S-45 (SS-156) keel laid as S-45 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA. 1944 - PCU QUILLBACK (SS-424) commissioned USS QUILLBACK (SS-424) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. R. P. Nicholson commanding. 1971 - USS DACE (SSN-607) inadvertently discharged 500 gallons of water used as coolant for her nuclear reactor into the Thames River at New London, CT, during a routine water transfer between the submarine and USS Fulton (AS-11). The Navy says measurements in the area showed "no increase in radioactivity of the environment" on the following day and claimed the coolant contained a "very small amount of radioactivity." Navy sources at the Pentagon acknowledge there have been a "a few" leakages at the base during such transfers in the past, although none were disclosed, but also none were of sufficient size to endanger anybody. Reportedly, the Navy disclosed this accident only when rumors of a nuclear incident started circulating in New London. December 30 1915 - USS D-2 (ex-GRAYLING) (SS-18) sank alongside the pier at Submarine Base, New London, CT. 1916 - PCU N-1 (SS-53) launched at Seattle Construction and Drydock Company, Seattle, WA; sponsored by Mrs. Guy E. Davis. 1924 - USS S-3 (SS-107) collided with USS S-48 (SS-159) off Block Island. 1942 - PCU PADDLE (SS-263) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. William M. Fechteler, wife of later Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral William M. Fechteler. 1944 - PCU CABEZON (SS-334) commissioned USS CABEZON (SS-334) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Commander G. W. Lautrup commanding. PCU DENTUDA (SS-335) commissioned USS DENTUDA (SS-335) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Commander J. S. McCain, Jr. commanding. PCU LIZARDFISH (SS-373) commissioned USS LIZARDFISH (SS-373) at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, Manitowoc, WI; Comdr. Ovid M. Butler commanding. 1959 - PCU GEORGE WASHINGTON (SSBN-598) commissioned USS GEORGE WASHINGTON (SSBN-598) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, CT; Cdr. James B. Osborn (BLUE) and Cdr. John L. From, Jr., (GOLD) commanding. She was the first of the "41 for Freedom" Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) submarines. 40

1969 - USS CAVALLA (AGSS-244) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. December 31 1917 - PCU O-8 (SS-69) launched at Fore River Shipbuilding Company, Quincy, MA; sponsored by Mrs. Alice C. Burg. 1924 - PCU S-43 (SS-154) commissioned USS S-43 (SS-154) at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Quincy, MA; Lt. C. E. Braine, Jr. commanding. 1941 - Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, a qualified submariner, was sworn in as Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet, aboard USS GRAYLING (SS-209). PCU GATO (SS-212) commissioned USS GATO (SS-212) at Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT; Lt. Comdr. V. G. Myers commanding. 1962 - during 1962, the engine room of USS SKATE (SSN-578) began to flood after a seawater circulation line failed while the submarine was submerged at 400 feet on the way through Baffin Bay off Thule, Greenland. Seawater sprayed in and started to flood the engine room. The submarine did not lose power and surfaced safely. On the surface, with the water pressure greatly reduced, the flooding was successfully stopped. 1967 - before January 1968, USS RONQUIL (SSN-396) reportedly narrowly avoided capture by Soviet naval forces while engaged in a Holystone intelligence gathering mission. The submarine caught fire near the Soviet coast and was surrounded by Soviet destroyers which attempted to force her to surface. RONQUIL eluded the Soviet ships and escaped to safety (also see 5/25/75 entry). 1971 - on two occasions in 1971 defective U.S. nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine distress buoys accidentally shot to the surface signalling the submarines had been sunk by enemy action and each set off "a massive U.S. alert," raising the "threat of accidental war." A spokesman for the Pentagon admitted there had been two involuntary releases in 1971, one in the Mediterranean and one in the North Atlantic. But in each case, he said, the submarine informed her home base immediately and "There was no alert of any kind." One release was due to a mechanical problem and one to a human error. The Navy said technical corrections had been made since 1971 to prevent a recurrence of the accidental launchings. 1982 - in late 1982, USS PERMIT (SSN-594), cruising on the surface, collided with USS LA JOLLA (SSN-701), at depth, while they were on sea trials about 30 miles off San FrancisCompany PERMIT recieved a ten-foot-long, three-foot-wide "scrape" in the paint on the keel, while LA JOLLA suffered minor rudder damage. USS FLORIDA (SSN-728) collided with an unidentified underwater object while off Long Island sound. 1983 - in 1983, extensive temporary sail repairs were accomplished on USS THOMAS A. EDISON (SSN-610). 1984 - in 1984, ship repair contractors in Sasebo, Japan, accomplished $288,965 of repair work on USS DARTER (SSN-576) during an emergency 45-day drydocking to repair damages following a collision. 1985 - USS NARWHAL (SSN-671) drifted for several hours in Palma Bay, Palma Majorca, Spain, after her mooring cable broke on New Year's Eve.

Source: http://www.esryle.com/coblinks/tdish/index.htm

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The U.S. Navy's First Jack

A jack is a flag corresponding in appearance to the union or canton of the national ensign. In the , it is a blue flag containing a star for each state. For countries whose colors have no canton, the jack is simply a small national ensign. On a sailing vessel, the jack is hoisted at the jack-staff shipped at the bowsprit cap when at anchor or in port.

The United States Navy originated as the Continental Navy, established early in the American Revolution by the Continental Congress by a resolution of 13 October 1775. There is a widespread belief that ships of the Continental Navy flew a jack consisting of alternating red and white stripes, having the image of a rattlesnake stretched out across it, with the motto "Don't Tread on Me." That belief, however, rests on no firm base of historical evidence.

It is well documented that the rattlesnake and the motto "Don't Tread on Me" were used together on several flags during the War of Independence. The only question in doubt is whether the Continental Navy actually used a red and white striped flag with a rattlesnake and the motto "Don't Tread on Me" as its jack. The evidence is inconclusive. There is reason to believe that the Continental Navy jack was simply a red and white striped flag with no other adornment.

The rattlesnake emerged as a symbol of the English colonies of North America about the time of the Seven Years War, when it appeared in newspaper prints with the motto "Join or Die." By the time of the War of Independence, the rattlesnake, frequently used in conjunction with the motto "Don't Tread on Me," was a common symbol for the United States, its independent spirit, and its resistance to tyranny.

Two American military units of the Revolution are known to have used the rattlesnake and the "Don't Tread on Me" motto: Proctor's Independent Battalion, of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and Sullivan's Life Guard during the Rhode Island campaign of 1777. The rattlesnake and the motto also appeared on military accoutrements, such as drums, and on state paper currency, during the Revolution.

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The image of the rattlesnake and the motto "Don't Tread on Me" certainly had associations with the Continental Navy.

On 27 February 1777, a group of Continental Navy officers proposed that the full dress uniform of Continental Navy captains include a gold epaulet on the right shoulder with "the figure of a Rattle Snake Embroider'd on the Strap . . . with the Motto don't tread on me."

In early 1776 Commodore Esek Hopkins, the first and only commander in chief of the Continental Navy fleet, used a personal standard designed by Christopher Gadsden of South Carolina. This flag consisted of a yellow field with a coiled snake and the motto "Don't Tread on Me." There is no doubt as to the authenticity of Hopkins's personal standard, usually referred to as "the Gadsden flag."

The only written description of the Continental Navy jack contemporary with the American Revolution appears in Commodore Hopkins's "Signals for the American Fleet," January 1776, where it is described as "the strip'd jack." No document says that the jack had a rattlesnake or motto on it. Elsewhere, Hopkins mentions using a "striped flag" as a signal. Since American merchant ships often displayed a simple red and white striped flag, there is a good chance that the striped jack to which Hopkins refers was the plain, striped flag used by American merchant ships.

Figures 1 (courtesy United States Naval Academy) and 2 (courtesy Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library) are images of two versions of a print contemporary with the Revolution that shows a striped flag with a rattlesnake and the motto "Don't Tread on Me." The print purports to be a portrait of Esek Hopkins, but is obviously fanciful since it shows a man in the vigor of youth, when in 1776 Hopkins was fifty-eight. The first print, in English, was produced by Thomas Hart, in London, England, in August 1776. The other print is in English and French and was apparently based on the first. The French caption on the second print states that it is sold at Thomas Hart's shop in London. In the prints, behind the commodore, several

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warships are displayed. One, to the viewer's right, flies a white flag, with a tree, and the mottos "Liberty Tree," and "An appeal to God." Another warship, to the viewer's left, flies a striped flag, with a rattlesnake and the motto "Don't Tread Upon Me."

Some writers have thought that the rattlesnake flag in these prints represents the "strip'd jack" Hopkins refers to in his "Signals for the American Fleet." The appearance of a rattlesnake flag in the print by Hart, however, is not conclusive proof that the Continental Navy jack had a rattlesnake on it. First, the flags in these prints are not at the bow, where a jack would go, but at the stern, the proper place for the national ensign. Second, no one suggests that the pine tree flag was the Continental Navy jack, even though that flag appears in the same print. One could logically conclude that the engraver was illustrating various American naval flags, including one from New England and one from the South, for the pine tree flag with the motto "An Appeal to God," or, more usually, "An Appeal to Heaven," was used by Massachusetts' state navy vessels and Massachusetts privateers, as well as by the schooners sailing out of Massachusetts ports under George Washington's authority as commander in chief of the Continental Army; and the flag of the navy of the State of South Carolina consisted of horizontal stripes with a rattlesnake across them. Most secondary accounts state that the stripes of South Carolina naval flag were red and blue.

Several prints based on Hart's were produced in continental Europe during the American Revolution. One, Figure 3 (courtesy Naval Historical Center), a French print, includes the pine tree flag and the rattlesnake flag, the latter without stripes, draped over military accoutrements. Two others, a French print, Figure 4 (courtesy Naval Historical Center), and a 1778 Nürnberg engraving, Figure 5 (courtesy Franklin D. Roosevelt Library), include a plain striped flag, without snake or motto.

The historical evidence makes it impossible to say for certain whether the Continental Navy used the striped rattlesnake flag as its jack. At the same time, the evidence does suggest strong connections between the symbol of the rattlesnake with the motto "Don't Tread on Me" and the United States' earliest naval traditions.

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Documentation on the Continental Navy Jack

The Pine Tree Flag

Col. Joseph Reed to Col. John Glover and Stephen Moylan, 20 October 1775, referring to Washington's fleet of schooners: "Please to fix upon some particular Colour for a Flag--& a Signal, by which our vessels may know one another—What do you think of a Flag with a White Ground, a Tree in the Middle-the Motto (Appeal to Heaven)-This is the Flag of our floating Batteries."

Sir Hugh Palliser to Lord Sandwich, 6 January 1776, referring to the flag of the captured brig Washington, of George Washington's fleet: "Captain Medows has brought the American vessel's colours, it is a white field with a green pine tree in the middle: the motto, Appeal to Heaven."

The Massachusetts General Court established the flag of the state navy on 26 July 1776: "that the Colours be a white Flagg, with a green Pine Tree, and an Inscription, "Appeal to Heaven.'"

The Pine Tree and Rattlesnake in Combination

Journal of John Greenwood, midshipman in American privateer Cumberland, captured by HMS Pomona, 26 January 1778: The Cumberland's colors were "a very large white flag, with a green pine tree painted in the middle of it, beneath which was represented a large black snake in thirteen coils and cut into as many pieces, emblematic of the thirteen United States; under the snake, in black letters, was the motto-"Join or Die.'"

"A strange flag has lately appeared in our seas, bearing a pine tree with the portraiture of a rattlesnake coiled up at its roots, with these daring words, "Don't tread on me." We learn that the vessels bearing this flag have a sort of commission from a society of people at Philadelphia calling themselves the continental Congress.""A contemporary English writer," quoted without citation in David Eggenberger, Flags of the U.S.A. (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1959), p. 25.

State and Merchant Flags of the United States

American Commissioners in France Benjamin Franklin and John Adams to the ambassador of Naples at the Court of France, 9 October 1778: "Some of the States have vessels of war distinct from those of the United States. For example, the vessels of war of the state of Massachusetts Bay have sometimes a pine tree; and those of the state of South Carolina a rattlesnake in the middle of thirteen stripes. Merchant ships have often only thirteen stripes, but the flag of the United States ordained by Congress is the thirteen stripes and the thirteen stars above described."

The Gadsden Flag

Journal of the South Carolina Provincial Congress, 9 February 1776: "Col. Gadsden presented to the Congress an elegant standard, such as is to be used by the commander in chief of the 45

American navy; being a yellow field, with a lively representation of a rattle-snake in the middle, in the attitude of going to strike, and these words underneath, "DON'T TREAD ON ME!"

Dixon and Hunter's Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Virginia, 11 May 1776: "The colours of the American Fleet to have a snake with thirteen rattles, the fourteenth budding, described in the attitude of going to strike, with this motto, "Don't Tread on Me!"

Letter from New Providence, Bahamas (after the Continental fleet's raid on New Providence), dated 13 May 1776, printed in London Ladies' Magazine, July 1776: "The colors of the American fleet were striped under the Union, with thirteen strokes called the United Colonies, and their standard, a rattlesnake; motto-'Don't Tread on Me!'"

John Jay to Alexander McDougall, 23 March 1776: "As to continental Colors, the Congress have made no order as yet respecting them, and I believe the Captains of their armed Vessels have in that particular been directed by their own fancies and Inclinations. I remember to have seen a flag designed for one of them on which was extremely well painted a Rattle Snake rearing his Crest and shaking his Rattles, with this Motto "Dont tread on me". But whether this Device was generally adopted by the fleet, I am not able to say. I rather think it was not."

The Striped Jack

Esek Hopkins, "Signals for the American Fleet," January 1776: "Signal for a General Attack-or the whole Fleet to Engage-The Standard at the Main top G. Masthead, with the strip'd Jack and Ensign at their proper places." Note: The "standard" refers to the Gadsden flag and the "ensign" to the Grand Union flag.

Notation in Esek Hopkins's handwriting on letter to Hopkins from Christopher Gadsden, 15 January 1776: "Som one of the Fleet if to gather or the Small Sloop if a Lone will higst a striped flagg half up the flying Stay."

Captain Charles Alexander's Signals for the Continental Fleet in the Delaware, 25 August 1777, mentions the Continental jack several times, as in "To get under Way Continental Jack at the fore top Galant Mast Head," as well as Dutch, English, and French jacks. The signal instructions do not describe the Continental jack.

The Rattlesnake Jack and the Modern Navy

As part of the commemoration of the bicentennial of the American Revolution, by an instruction dated 1 August 1975 (SECNAV Instruction 10520.3) the Secretary of the Navy directed the use of the rattlesnake jack in place of the union jack (blue field with white stars) during the period 13 October 1775 (the bicentennial of the legislation that created the Continental Navy, which the Navy recognizes as the Navy's birthday), and 31 December 1976.

By an instruction dated 18 August 1980 (SECNAV Instruction 10520.4), the Secretary of the Navy directed that the commissioned ship in active status having the longest total period in active status to display the rattlesnake jack in place of the union jack until decommissioned or 46

transferred to inactive status.

By an instruction dated 31 May 2002 (SECNAV Instruction 10520.6), the Secretary of the Navy directed the use of the rattlesnake jack in place of the union jack for the duration of the Global War on Terrorism.

Source: http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq122-1.htm

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January 2012 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DW Eggleston USS Scorpion (SS-278) in 1944

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 USS Argonaut USS Swordfish L. E. Spradlin (SS-166) in 1943 (SS-193) in 1945

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Jim “Snake” Stark Base Meeting at USS S-36 (SS-141) O’Charley’s: in 1942 1800 Social 1900 Dinner

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 USS S-26 (SS-131) Jim Null in 1942

29 30 31 Don Van Borsch Ron Friend Tommy Richardson

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USS Capelin (SS-289)

Lost on: Lost on Dec 2, 1943 with the loss of 76 men. She was on her 1st war patrol, but her exact location and cause of loss remain a mystery. She may have 12/2/1943 been lost to mines or an operational casualty.

US Navy Official Photo

NavSource.org

Class: SS 285 Commissioned: 6/4/1943 Launched: 1/20/1943 Builder: Portsmouth Navy Yard Length: 312 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 10 , #Enlisted: 71 Fate: Lost in the Celebes Sea, on her 2nd patrol, with 78 men lost.Cause of loss unknown. NavSource.org

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USS Sealion (SS-195)

Lost on: Lost on Dec 10, 1941 with the loss of 5 men. To prevent her from falling into enemy hands, she was scuttled in Manila Bay after incurring severe 12/10/1941 bomb damage during the initial Japanese attack.

US Navy Official Photo

www.bcpatch.com

Class: SS 194 Commissioned: 11/27/1939 Launched: 5/25/1939 Builder: Electric Boat Co (General Dynamics) Length: 311 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 5, #Enlisted: 50 Fate: The destruction of the Navy Yard made repairs impossible, and Sealion was ordered destroyed. All salvagable equipment was taken off, depth charges were placed inside, and the explosives were set off to prevent her from being made useful to the enemy.

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USS F-1 / Carp (SS-20)

Lost on: Lost on December 17, 1917 with the loss of 19 officers and men when it was sunk after collision with the USS F-3 (Pickerell) (SS-22) off San 12/17/1917 Clemente, CA.

NavSource.org

Navy Photo / NavSource.com Class: SS F Commissioned: 6/19/1912 Launched: 3/12/1912 Builder: Union Iron Works Length: 143 , Beam: 15 #Officers: 1, #Enlisted: 21 Fate: While maneuvering in exercises at sea, F-1 and F-3 collided, the former sinking in 10 seconds, her port side torn forward of the engine room. 19 of her men were lost, while 3 others were rescued by the submarines with whom

NavSource.org she was operating.

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USS S-4 (SS-109)

Lost on: Lost on December 17, 1927 with the loss of 34 officers and men when it was sunk after being rammed by USCG Paulding. Salvaged in 1928 and 12/17/1927 recommissioned.

US Navy Official Photo

NavSource.org

Class: SS S Commissioned: 11/19/1919 Launched: 8/27/1919 Builder: Portsmouth Navy Yard Length: 231 , Beam: 22 #Officers: 4, #Enlisted: 34 Fate: S-4 was destroyed by sinking.

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