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00% Satisfaction Guaranteed or Full Refund of Purchase $ § 3 Price at Any Time! The Magazine for a Strong America Vol. 135, No. 6 December 1993 ARTICLE s

VA CAN'T SURVIVE BY STANDING STILL

National Commander Thiesen tells Congress that VA will have to compete under the President's health-care plan. 16

HOUDAY VOICES FROM WWII

Vimd, heartfelt memoriesfrom the new book, Voices: Letters from World War II 20

GIVING HOPE IN SOMALIA

How U.S. troops displayed the Yuletide spirit in blight-stricken Africa. By Gidget Fuentes 24

THE COMING BOOM IN LATIN AMERICA A tidal wave ofdemocrac}' now isfolhwed b)' a revolutionai}' economic expansion. By Elliott Abrams 26 26 STOP PULLING AMERICA APART

One ofAmerica 's leading historians warns that midticidturalist extremists are cracking the meltingpot 28

THE WAR YEARS: ^-

ON THE IVIARCH

From North Africa to Rome, U.S. groundforces camefully ofage. By Rick Hampson 30

ISLAND HOPPING IN THE PACIHC Some ofthe war's bloodiest battles werefought on South Pacific beaches. 34 AT HOME, THE NATION DELIVERS 28 Hard work and rationing made America the Arsenal ofDemocracy. 36

SOFTENING UP HIRER

From the air and on the ground, the Allies prepared to invade Fortress Europe. 38 DEPARTIVIE NTS

BIG ISSUES Should Congress support President Clinton 's health plan.'' 12

VETVOICE 4 VETERANS UPDATE 40 PARTING SHOTS 76

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 10 LEGION NEWS 42

WASHINGTON WATCH 14 VETS 46 38

COVER GIs always cany the holiday spirit with them. Lastyear, the)' brought it to Somalia; 50 years ago, to

Europe and Africa. See pages 20 and 24for tales of 'A GI Christmas. " Photo by Wide World Photos.

The American Legion magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is publishied

monthly by The American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These militaiy-service veterans, worl

through more than 1 5,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and tradi- tional American values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their vi^ldows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

DECEMBER 1993 1 .

Flying B'17 Fortre^ on video FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

700 N. Pennsylvania St. H ave you ever dreamed of flying aboard the P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 mighty B-17? Now you can, as pilot Jeff Ethell 317-630-1200 left takes seat and you strap into the right for an National Commander incredible flight in the Flying Fortress. Get ready Bruce Thiesen for a mission of sheer excitement as you and a crew Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Daniel S. Wheeler lift off into the sky. Editor i^ls video features incredible sound guaranteed John Greenwald

to rtiake you feel as though you are actually aboard Managing Editor the most famous bomber of them all. But be Miles Z. Epstein warned, starting up the four Wright Associate Editor Raymond H. Mahon Cyclone engines and ininning them up Assistant Editors to 1200 rpm for warm-up may tax the ^ T. Douglas Donaldson limit of your speaker system, to Ken Scharnberg say nothing of your neighbors' Art Director Simon Smith tranquility. This video is no Art and Production Assistants doubt the closest thing to actually Caron M. Morales, Cindy G. Johnson flying in the B-17 ever produced. Production Manager I William L. Poff #5860 Approx. 45 minutes Administration For VISA, MC, Discover orders, call toll-free 24 hours: Joan L. Berzins, Patricia Marschand Advertising Director 1-800-959-0061 Ext. fly4 Donald B. Thomson Advertising Assistants Or send your name, address with check or money order for $19.98 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to: Diane Andretti, Natosha A. Lukashik Fusion Video, 100 Fusion Way, Dept. FLY4, Country Club HiUs, IL 60478. The American Legion Magazine P.O. Box 7068 Canadian orders must add $5.00 S & H and pay in U.S funds. (Please note: Illinois residents add must 7.75% state sales tax.) Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-630-1200 Publisher's Representatives Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 312-644-3888 New York: 21 2-725-21 06 Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Atlanta: 404-252-0968 The New Idea Division of j^ordicfrack San Francisco: 415-989-5804

The American Legion Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; Russell H. Laird, Vice Chairman, Des Moines, lA; James R Kelley, National Commander's Representative, Wayne, NOW YOU CAN AFFORD THE PA; George F. Ballard, Belleville, IL; Samuel Barney Lancaster, OH; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY WORLD'S BEST AEROBIC EXERCISE! Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend You don't have to spend a lot of money to get the IN; James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Orval E you want. The best way to burn fat and lose Faubus, Conway, AR; James H. Hall, Hopewell, NJ weight is also one of the least expensive. It's the All- Halbert G. Horton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens American'" skier from ExerScience'", the New Idea Division Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; James Palatine, IL; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL: NordicTrack. V. Kissner, J.H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Richard L. Nelson

Works both your arms and legs simultaneously j^^*^ Fresno, CA; Everett G. Shepard, III, Woodstock, CT: letting you burn more fat than with an exercise ' Robert E. Vass Sr., Huntington, WV; Paul T. Woodard, bike or stairstepper. Lacey, WA; Tom C. Smith, Oklahoma City, OK; John W.J. Richter, Consultant, Brenham, TX; Neal L. Thomas Get the aerobic workout experts agree is the best — Jr., Consultant, Colorado Sphngs, CO. cross-country skiing! Copyright 1993 by The American Legion Get a total-body workout with effective upper- and lower-body resistance. The American Legion (ISSN 0886-1234) is published monthly by The American Legion, 5561 W. 74th Street, Burn up to 1,100 calories per hour. Indianapolis, IN 46268. Second-class postage paid at Get a smooth, non-jarring workout with the same patented Indianapolis, IN 46204 and additional mailing offices. flywheel and one-way clutch mechanism as in our famous Price: Annual subscription, $12 ($18, Foreign); post- NordicTrack* ski exercisers. sponsored gift subscriptions, $6; Single copy, $2. POST- IVIASTER; Send address changes to The American Legion, Fully collapsible for easy storage. Input Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Call today and get a more rewarding workout for a satisfying price. Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, Input ^ Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. 317-328- '49'^ 4640. Attach old address label, provide old and new 6 E-Z PAYMENTS OF addresses and current membership card number. 30-DAY IN-HOME TRIAL To request microfilm copies, please write to: University SATISFACTION GUARANTEED I CALL TODAY TO ORDER! I*800»44 1»7497 EXT.XY5U Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 I OR WRITE: EXERSCIENCE, DEPT. XY5L3, 104 PEAVEY ROAD, CHASKA, MN S53I8-2355 I Six payments of $49.99 will be billed to your account. $39,95 shipping and handling will be added t

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THE AMERICAN LEGION Shown smaller than actual size of 8W' in diameter

® 1993 MBI

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Any applicable sales tax will be billed with shipment. Allow -1 to 8 weeks for shipmenL Iraqis In America The improvement was no accident. It wetland plants, etc., push through leg- was the result of hard-fought legisla- islation, we take the hits. A typical I was shocked to find that our gov- tive contests between the environmen- example: Regulators have deemed part ernment is resettling 4,000 Iraqi sol- talists and industry. of a farmer's land is protected wet- diers who surrendered in the Persian Bill Tyndall lands. The farmer cannot farm it or do Gulf War. Not only are they allowed Millington, N.J. anything to it except pay the taxes. to come to the United States, but they They are taking away the Fifth also are given cash grants of $7,000 "The Eco-Crisis Myth" was very Amendment, which states: "No person each. Keep in mind these are enemies sensible, informative and full of com- shall be . . . deprived of life, liberty, or that were committed to the death and mon sense. We have enough problems property, without due process of law; destruction of our forces. It is unbe- without creating and sensationalizing nor shall private property be taken for lievable that we should reward our new ones. public use, without just compensa- enemies and fail to reward our own Joseph F. Smith tion." veterans of this war. Norristown, Pa. M.C. Warmbier Edward D. Armrbuster Defuniak Springs, Fla. West Chester, Ohio Those of us who have been around a few years and knew this country In the mid 1950s, a temperature If we are going to resettle every when the skies were actually clear and inversion hung over London, and Iraqi persecuted by Saddam Hussein, blue and the stream waters were pure thousands of people died because of we are going to spend billions of dol- enough to drink, are deeply aware of the extremely toxic air pollution. lars because about 90 percent of Iraqis the disaster the world faces by indis- Many U.S. cities faced a similar fate, are so persecuted. criminate contamination of the atmos- but legislation such as the Clean Air Ronald Baptista phere. I'm sorry to see such trash as Act, Clean Water Act and Endangered Seattle. Wash. "The Eco-Crisis Myth" included in Species Act passed. It is rather our magazine. depressing to know otherwise intelli- Editor' s Note: According to the Arthur W. Scholbe gent people are denying that we are in State ex-Iraqi U.S. Department, 3,691 Cahokia, III. serious trouble. soldiers and their families have been Curtis Clemenson resettled in America so far, with Every time the Greens, environ- Houston another 4,000 expected this year and mentalists, the save the animals, the more in 1994. The 75th American Vietnam Loans Legion National Convention in Pitts- No It's absurd to even consider lifting burgh passed Res. 257 calling on the WE WANT YOUR the embargo and giving IMF money to United States to "terminate the policy OPINIONS Vietnam ("Legion Opposes IMF of allowing resettlement of members Loans To Vietnam," Legion News, or former members of the Iraqi armed call Septernber). We rebuilt Japan after forces and their families in the United You can THE AMERICAN World War II, and now they are trying States." Legion magazine at: to put us out of business. (314) 474-7474 John Haney Myth Stakes and record your opinions. A maga- Highland, Ind. "The Eco-Crisis Myth" (October) zine editor will listen to your mes- interview with author Ron Bailey was sage. Callers' opinions are con- excellent. There are a number of self- sidered for publication and receive a Selling Sales Tax proclaimed environmentalists out symbol when published. "Do We Need a National Sales there who are only interested in pro- Or you can write to: Tax?" by Grover G. Norquist, Steven Chelekis (Sep- moting themselves and who, obvious- THE American Legion magazine L. Hayes and George to light an issue ly, know nothing about the environ- P.O. Box 1055 tember) brought time has come. ment. Indianapolis, IN 46206 whose Philip E. Binzel Jr. My experience as a tax preparer The American legion maga- Washington, Ohio and consultant has shown that if a zine welcomes letters to the editor sales tax system is used, individuals concerning articles that appear in Ron Bailey tells us not to be who currently pay the most tax—the the publication. Short letters are alarmed because "in the last 25 years, W-2 wage earners—would pay sub- more likely to be published, and all the environment has improved vastly. stantially less tax with the burden letters are subject to editing for There is significantly less air and shifting to those who traditionally pay clarity and brevity. Volume pre- water pollution than there was a quar- little or no tax. Instead of the govern- cludes individual acknowledg- ter-century ago." ment mailing 90 million tax returns ments of comments on editorial Nowhere does Bailey credit the each year and then trying to enforce content. environmental laws of the past 20 compliance by each, individuals years for that significant improvement. Please turn page

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION . :

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Add $15 lor Tails Add $7.50 shipping per jacket * Add $30 lor Bigs (XXL & XXXL) Add $45 lor Big/Tails Grand Total: Ladies sizes deduci $10. • Boys sizes deduct $20 would simply be taxed on the amount Half the time, I didn't know if my mit- antee that a person will have a suc- of money they spend. Therefore, indi- tens were backward or forward, and I cessful career, get along well with viduals who earn more would spend didn't care. other people, morally live as taught, more and pay more tax accordingly. Billy Henson and have a pleasant and rewarding

No longer would it be necessary for Temple, Ga. life. No parent nor teaching aid can the government to get involved in the approach the expertise a public school lives of tens of millions of individuals. The articles about Korea contained can provide, not to mention the feed- Mathias C. Justin a serious omission—the women in the back or the exchange of ideas. Pequot Lakes, Minn. rear echelon. Remember, we were the Lloyd R. Lamb ones who worked behind the lines so Burwell, Neb. If a national sales tax were to be the men could fight on the front. We put into effect, with exemptions for do not need a national memorial, but it Homeschools report no data or food and drugs so it wouldn't hurt the would be appreciated if we were made results. I know this is true in our poor, we could not only have the most a part of any and all articles about the school district because state law fair and equitable tax in our history, war. makes me responsible for home- but we also could eliminate the Inter- Mrs. Lee Nemeth schoolers here, even though I never nal Revenue Service. Yes, eliminate Barrington, N.H. see them. I manage a small school dis- the I.R.S. trict, and I can't imagine what it Paul Baldwin would be like to keep track of all of Little Rock, Ark. At Home, in Class the homeschools in a large district. In her article, "Going to School by We have huge amounts of data sup- Staying at Home" (September), Diedre porting the premise that the result of Lessons Of Life Sullivan failed to mention that not all any learning by children is directly I was so moved by the article, of these homeschooling parents are as related to the involvement of parents "What Every Child Should Be literate as the former teacher featured in the education process. One has to Taught," by Gary Bauer (October), in the article. Several far-right conser- wonder how well we would do in pub- that I even turned down the TV set to vative Christian groups teach that lic schools if all of our parents showed read it to my wife. It was a powerful there were no dinosaurs, and that the the same commitment to the education piece, well-written and on balance devil supplied phony evidence to sup- of their children that is shown by the with my days as a child. The article port the claim that the prehistoric age parents described in the article. was like reading a list of everything I, occurred. As an American, I am morti- Stephen Twitchell as a parent, want my children to hold fied that young minds are getting bom- Superintendent sacred when they leave home. barded with religiously camouflaged, Independent School District 294 Joseph E. Hilson Jr. anti-American hate doctrine. We must Houston, Minn. Scranton, Pa. never forget those children who died in Waco, Texas, by the hands of a Sullivan wrote a well-balanced por- I particularly enjoyed Bauer's arti- fanatical few. trait of homeschooling. More people cle. We must have character education Elizabeth A. McClain need to realize that home education is programs in our schools that empha- Lansdowne, Md. a positive, possible alternative to pub- size the core values of compassion, lic school. I'm sharing the article with courage, courtesy, fairness, honesty, I commend you for your article fellow home learners. kindness, loyalty, perseverance, about homeschooling. In our local Rosanna Richmond respect and responsibility. community, there are more than 150 Stuart, Fla. Edward J. Earley homeschooled children, and I am Professor of Education happy to report that our daughter plans Cover Girl Kutztown University to homeschool our grandchildren. I would like to thank you for the Kutztown, Pa. As a judge of local scholarship con- beautiful picture on your October tests, I was very shocked to see how issue. The little girl, I'm sure, brought much better homeschooled children smiles across our great nation. were in all areas of current events, his- Memories & Mittens ^Erwin C. Phune Thanks for remembering Korea tory, English and poise than those in Hemet, Calif. ("Korea 1950-53" by Norman Gold- public schools. When will our federal, stein, July). I was a 17-year-old PFC state and local governments wake up on May 1, 1950, when I reported to and see that the present system of Back To Class the 21st Inf. Regt., 24th Inf. Div., in schooling is not working? Lewis Finch may be superintendent Kumamoto, Japan. In early July, we Steven W. Eckert of Colorado's largest school district, made contact with the North Korean Waterloo, Ind. but his reasoning is limited when he army. I was to see no peace until says, "school choice does not guaran-

October 1951 when I came home, High academic achievement and tee a good education" ("The Fight cold, hungry, shot up and grown old. morally correct upbringing is no guar- Please turn page

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION Your symptoms are bothering you, but you're still waiting to see your doctor about your enlarged prostate. Maybe it's time to stop waiting. Ask your doctor about the prescription medicine PROSCAR*. (FINASTERIDE)

Finally, a medicine for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostate enlargement

You can't make it till halftime any- more without having to go to the bathroom. You're getting up several times a night to urinate. It's begin- ning to bother you, but up to now,

you've Lived with it. The question is, should you?

Until recently, there wasn't a medidne that could help the condition known as symptomatic benign prostate enlargement or BPH. But now there is PROSCAR, the first oral prescription medicine that can actual- ly shrink an enlarged prostate.

However, it is important to know the following: PROSCAR doesn't work for everyone. Even though the prostate shrinks, you may not see an improve- ment in urinary flow or symptoms. And you may need to take PROSCAR for 6 months or more to see whether it helps you. PROSCAR actually blocks the produc- the two conditions can exist at the How PROSCAR can shrink an tion of this hormone, so it helps same time. enlarged prostate shrink the prostate to a smaller size Remember, only a doctor can evalu- As a man ages, a key hormone can in many men. As a result, some men ate your symptoms and their possi- help cause the prostate to grow. treated with PROSCAR experience an ble causes. So don't wait any longer. increased urinary flow and an You may find out that your enlarged improvement in urinary symptoms. prostate can be made into a smaller Why you should see your problem. doctor soon For a free, informative booklet, The problem will probably not get "Every man should know about better by itself In many cases, the his prostate," call 1-800-635-4452 prostate continues to enlarge and today. the symptoms may get worse. So if your urinary symptoms are bother- ing you, consult your family doctor or a urologist and find out if TABLETS PROSCAR is an appropriate treat- ment for you. It is also important to have regular checkups. While The prostate surrounds part the urethra, the tube that (FINASTERIDE] of benign prostate enlargement is not carries urine from the bladder. As the prostate enlarges, it can squeeze the urethra and cause urinary problems. cancer and does not lead to cancer,

© 1993, Merck & Co., Inc. J3PO36Vl(701)-PSA559 Please see patient information on the adjacent page. ^ MERCK PATIENT INFORMATION ABOUT Some men taking PROSCAR* (Finasteride) PROSCAR* (Prahs-car) may have a decrease in the amount of Generic name: finasteride (fin-AS-tur-eyed) semen relesised during sex. This decrease does not appear to interfere vnth normal PROSCAR is for the treatment of sexucd function. s^ptomatic benign prostatic hyperpla- You should discuss side effects with your sia and for use by men only. doctor before taking PROSCAR and any- Over School Choice" by Gurney Your doctor may prescribe PROSCAR if you time you think you are having a side effect. have a medical condition caUed benign •Checking for prostate cancer. Your Williams III, October). prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. This occurs doctor has prescribed PROSCAR for symp- Look at the jobs held by graduates only in men. tomatic BPH and not for cancer—but a Please read this information, as well as the man can have BPH and prostate cancer at of private schools in America as the same time. Doctors usually recom- leaflet which accompanies your medication, opposed to the blue collar slots rele- before you start taking PROSCAR. Also, mend that men be checked for prostate read the leaflet each time you renew your cancer once a year when they turn 50 (or gated to those who went through pub- 40 if a family member h£is had prostate prescription, just in case anything has lic school training. The real myth is changed. Remember, this leeiflet does not cancer). These checks should continue while take the place of careful discussions with you take PROSCAR. PROSCAR is not a equal education. your doctor. You eind your doctor should treatment for prostate cancer. Frank Anthony discuss PROSCAR when you start teiking •About prostate specific antigen (PSA). Windsor, Vt. your medication and at regular checkups. Your doctor may have done a blood test called PSA. PROSCAR can alter PSA values. For What is BPH? more information, talk to your doctor. BPH is an enlargement of the prostate gland. After age 50, most men develop •A warning about PROSCAR and Ghost Plane enlarged prostates. The prostate is located pregnant^. "The Ghost Plane From Mindanao" below the bladder. As the prostate enlarges, PROSCAR is for use by MEN only. it may slowly restrict the now of urine. PROSCAR is generally well tolerated in men. by Michael Lemish (September) was This can lead to symptoms such as: However, women who are pregnant, or one of the most interesting and well- •a weak or interrupted urinary stream women who could become pregnant, should avoid the active ingredient in PROSCAR. written articles that I have come • a feeling that you cannot empty your bladder completely If the active ingredient is absorbed by a across in a long time. I have heard of woman who is pregnant with a male "baby, the legendary ghost plane for many • a feehng of delay or hesitation when you it may cause the male baby to be bom with start to urinate abnormalities of the sex organs. Therefore, years, but this is the first time that I any woman who is pregnant or who could • a need to urinate often, especially at night have seen the legend so well traced. become pregnant must not come into direct • a feeling that you must urinate right away. contact with the active ingredient in James R. Qualey PROSCAR. Treatment options for BPH Weymouth, Mass. Two of the ways in which a woman might There are three main treatment options absorb the active ingredient in PROSCAR for BPH: are: This story is a myth, it never hap- •Program of monitoring or "Watchful Sexual contact. Your semen may contain pened. How do I know? I was there. Waiting". If a man has an enlarged a small eunount of the active ingredient prostate gland and no symptoms or if his of the drug. If your partner is pregnant, or I was an Army officer assigned to if you and your partner decide to have symptoms do not bother him, he and his the Philippine Army. I arrived on Min- doctor may decide on a program of monitor- a baby, you must stop taking PROSCAR and talk to your doctor. If your partner ing which would include regular checkups, danao on Jan. 1, 1942, and didn't could become pregnant, proper use of a instead of medication or surgery. until January of 1945. the condom can reduce the risk of exposing her leave When •Medication. Your doctor may prescribe to your semen (discuss this further with United States surrendered May 10, PROSCAR for BPH. See "What PROSCAR your doctor). does" below. 1945, I went into the hills and fought Handling broken tablets. Women who •Surgery. Some patients may need are pregnant or who could become guerrilla warfare. I was well acquaint- surgery. Your doctor can describe several pregnant must not handle broken tablets ed with most of the guerrilla fighters. different surgical procedures for BPH. of PROSCAR. Which procedure is best depends on your We have a close knit veterans organi- PROSCAR tablets sire coated to prevent symptoms and medical condition. contact with the active ingredient during zation which meets for reunions every normal handUng. If this is What PROSCAR does coating bro- two years. Were this story even ken, the tablets should not be handled by PROSCAR lowers levels of a key hormone women who are pregnant or who could remotely true, I would have heard called DHT (dihydrotestosterone), which is become pregnant. a major cause of prostate growth. Lowering about it long ago. I am surprised that DHT leads to shrinkage of the enlarged If a woman who is pregnant comes into a veterans publication such as yours prostate gland in most men. This can lead contact with the active ingredient in to gradual improvement in urine flow and PROSCAR, a doctor should be consulted. would print such hogwash. symptoms over the next several months. Remember, these warnings apply only if Clyde C. Childress However, since each case of BPH is differ- the woman exposed to PROSCAR is preg- ent, you should know that: nant or could become pregnant. Tucson, Ariz.

• Even though the prostate shrinks, you How to take PROSCAR may NOT see an improvement in urine flow Follow your doctor's advice about how to take I would like to thank the more than or symptoms. PROSCAR. You must take it every day. You take it with or between meals. To avoid 100 readers who wrote in response to •You may need to take PROSCAR for six (6) may forgetting to take it be help- months or more to see whether it helps you. PROSCAR, may Mike Lemish 's fine article. Here is ful to take it the same time every day. • Even though you take PROSCAR and it some further information. Do not share PROSCAR with einyone else; it may help you, it is not known whether was prescribed only for you. • Many have identified "Corn" PROSCAR reduces the need for surgery. Keep PROSCAR and all medicines out of the Sherrill as the pilot. He was not. What you need tolmow while taking reacn of children. PROSCAR Robert L. Scott, in his fictionalized FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT •You must see your doctor regularly. PROSCAR AND BPH, TALK WITH YOUR account of the ghost plane story. While taking PROSCAR, you must have DOCTOR. IN ADDITION^^TALK TO YOUR Damned to Glory, only suggested he regular checkups. Follow your doctor's advice PHARMACIST OR OTHEk HEALTH CARE about when to have these checkups. PROVIDER. might be. When Reader's Digest •About side effects. Like all prescription books reprinted the story, that footnote drugs, PROSCAR may cause side effects. Side effects due to PROSCAR may include was dropped. impotence (or inability to have an erec- • Lt. John "Browny" Brownewell tion) and leas desire for sex. Each of MERCK these side effects occurred in less than 4% ^ of the 17th Pursuit Squadron told me of patients in clinical studies. In some © 1993, Merck & Co., Inc. he sited and built some 20 emergency cases side effects went away while the West Point, PA 19486 patient continued to take PROSCAR. J3PO36Vl(701)-PSA559 Please turn to page 68

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AL-120193 Commander's message

U.N. PEACEKEEPING WRONGLY ENDANGERS OUR TROOPS

SOMALIA, we're in a war, America was unprepared for the war we can't win, an ugly consequence: By assuming this role, manifestation of compas- U.N. forces became viewed as com- sion so misguided tliat it batants instead of peacekeepers. DNoverrides our national inter- These operations should never be est. As I wrote the Presi- outside the scrutiny of Congress. dent, I am concerned that 3. American troops should not be our involvement in Somalia 131 G placed under foreign command signals four serious flaws in except in exceptional circumstances our foreign policy—flaws that could where Congress grants specific cost American servicepersons their approval. lives (see Legion News, Page 42). Congress must establish effective 1. America needs a clear defini- ways to prohibit foreign command of tion of our national interest as it U.S. military forces. Placing American relates to peacekeeping and human- military forces under foreign com- itarian operations. mand strips away America's sover- The United States became involved eignty and violates the Constitution's in Somalia's civil war in response to Article I, which designates the Presi- grim and saddening photography of dent as Commander-in-Chief. starvation, not because of the now dor- U.S. troops in both Somalia and mant Soviet threat or any other rea- Macedonia have been placed under sonable extension of America's Nat' I. Cmdr. Bruce Thiesen foreign command, a dangerous prece- national interest. Clearly, we let our dent as the United States gets more compassion dictate our foreign policy was held as a political hostage and 27 involved in peacekeeping operations. and have placed ourselves on the road have given their lives in this "humani- In just one incident in Somalia, the to a quagmire. tarian" mission. lack of communications between U.S. Our mission was to feed Somalia's With Bosnia and other potential forces and their foreign commanders starving masses who were cut off from peacekeeping missions on the horizon, resulted in seven combat deaths. And food by a bloody civil war. Under the America must define its national inter- I'm afraid there are more to come. flag of the United Nations (U.N.), we ests so it doesn't get caught in a war it It is important to remember that did that. And then our troops should can't win, a war like Somalia. when joining the U.S. Armed Forces, have come home. 2. Congress should approve the our sons and daughters swear an oath But with a misguided, multination- commitment of U.S. troops to peace- to support and defend the Constitution al paternalism, the U.N. —through keeping or humanitarian opera- of the United States, not the missions Res. 814—turned a humanitarian mis- tions. of the United Nations. We owe them sion into something much more ambi- By using the U.N. as a policy-mak- the privilege of serving their nation in tious: the task of rebuilding Somalia's ing organ, the United States is taking that way. government, re-establishing its nation- American foreign policy out of the 4. American troops captured al economy, developing a system of hands of Congress and the American during peacekeeping should be justice and establishing a police force people. given POW status and afforded all to maintain law and order. If our President wants to send our the protections of the Geneva Con- Are any of these missions in Amer- sons and daughters to serve in peace- ventions. ica's national interest? Are any one of keeping operations, then he must Every time our GIs set foot on for- these objectives worth the lives of come before us with clearly defined eign soil for peacekeeping duty, be it American GIs? goals and convince us that they are in Somalia, Bosnia, Lebanon or the President Clinton, by keeping U.S. worth risking American lives to West Bank, they leave their safety in a troops as part of a U.N. force, decided achieve. policy vacuum. that these goals were worth risking the As the Somalia operation changed According to current Defense lives ol American troops. To date, 165 from a mission to stop starvation to a Department (DoD) policy, U.S. servi- GIs have been wounded, at least one blood-hunt for a leader in the civil Please turn to page 64

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION — . .

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Rep. Lucien E. Blackwell, (D-Pennsylvania) Rep. Jim Cooper, (D-Tennessee)

The spiraling cost of Americans have been routine care, preventive debating different ways care, prescription drugs YES NO to improve our health- and long-term care has forced many care system since the days of Harry families to choose between buying food Truman. Finally, a bipartisan consensus and seeing a doctor, or between caring is emerging around a simple idea: Let's for themselves and paying the rent. put the customer first. Clearly, change is needed. Basically, "managed competition"

On Sept. 22, 1993, President Clinton changes the system so that it works for outlined six principles that are at the center of a plan to pro- us instead of against us. The Clinton administration's plan duce a major overhaul of America's health-care system. is a managed competition system, but with heavy bureau- The principles are: security of coverage; simplicity; sav- cracy and price controls which upset the workings of the ings; choice; quality; and responsibility. free market. I've introduced my own plan that does not put With security of coverage, health insurance would be extra burdens on small business and does not let the gov- "permanent" and "portable." No citizen would lose insur- ernment control prices. ance after a job change or loss, and no one would be denied Neither the Clinton plan nor the bill I've introduced in treatment because of pre-existing conditions. Congress would affect the VA medical system. Many other Simplicity would usher in a single billing form for the features are similar, including simpler paperwork, real more than 1,500 insurers in America and a health-care card, choices of health plans and prohibiting health plans from thereby reducing paperwork and streamlining the system. denying coverage for people currently suffering illness. Savings will result from capped insurance premiums. In But the differences between my "pure" managed com- addition, Medicare, Medicaid and other federal spending petition plan and the Clinton administration's are big, and will be capped. There will also be limited malpractice and much of the debate in the coming year will focus on: antitrust reform. To ensure choice, individuals will be • Employer mandates. Under the Clinton plan, all grouped into some 200 regional health alliances, with the businesses would be required to pay for health insurance. freedom to choose from health plans within each alliance. If a small business couldn't afford this, some folks might Individuals could also stay with their present doctors. lose their jobs. Quality will be promoted through government standards My bill rewards companies which pay for health bene- for health care and report cards for enlightened consumer fits with tax incentives and avoids punishing companies choice. which can't provide health coverage. There's no mandate The responsibility for health care will rest largely with on employers. employers, who will be required to pay 80 percent of their • Price controls. The administration's plan allows employees' insurance premium. Premiums for the self- regional health alliances to impose price controls which employed will be 100 percent tax deductible, as compared could eventually limit consumer's choices. My bill allows to the current 25 percent deduction. the free market to give consumers health-care choices. Under the Clinton plan, the federal government would • Costs. My bill costs about $25 billion a year com- subsidize insurance for low-income workers and the unem- pared with about $200 billion a year for the Clinton plan. ployed. All U.S. citizens and legal aliens will be covered My bill has already attracted both Democratic and by 1997. Medicare and Medicaid will remain separate. The Republican co-sponsors as well as support from many plan seeks to respond to the intolerable situation that has business groups. left 37 million Americans uninsured. While the federal Managed competition empowers Americans to shop government will spend a total of $350 billion on the plan wisely for health care. Many Democrats, Republicans and between 1995 and 2000, others have agreed this is savings under the plan will YOUR OPINIONS COUNT, TOO the best way to cut health- total $441 billion. The $91 care costs and to expand Senators and congressmen are interested in constituent view- billion surplus will go to access to care while en- points. You may express your views by writing The Honorable deficit reduction. hancing the generally high (name), U.S. Senate, Wasliington, DC 20510, or The Honorable This is an idea whose (name), U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC 20515. quality of America's

time has come. I I health care.

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Mail today to: BLAIR®, WARREN, PA 16366 QUALITY AND VALUE SINCE 1910 'Nam Scandal Brews the cost to the United States in money and possibly lives. U.S. aid to the Smelling blood, reporters and con- Palestinians could reach one billion gressional Republicans have expanded dollars. their investigations of Commerce Sec- If Israel surrenders the Golan retary Ron Brown's alleged role in a Heights to Syria as part of a larger set- plot to recognize Vietnam. The key tlement, U.S. troops could be deployed charge, first publicized by a controver- there for as long as 15 years, according sial right-wing newspaper, The Spot- to one Israeli cabinet official. Dr. Irv- light, is that Brown sought $700,000 ing Moskowitz, in an AFSI briefing for his role in the evolving Clinton paper, asks, "How will Americans policy of normalizing relations with react when U.S. troops in the Golan Hanoi. are attacked by the same fanatical anti- If true, this represents "pure, American Hezbollah terrorists who unadulterated greed" by a government attacked them in nearby Lebanon not official, one Washington reporter so long ago?" observed. Brown is a former high-powered Washington lobbyist whose clients Republican Turmoil included the notorious Jean-Claude As predicted in this column, con- "Baby Doc" Duvalier of Haiti. Mount- gressional Republicans are anything ing coverage by the rest of the Wash- but united in their opposition to the ington press virtually guarantees a Clinton health plan. But nobody series of congressional hearings into 'A TCH expected it to get nasty. Brown's role in the Clinton adminis- Rep. Tom DeLay of Texas, for tration deliberations on the Vietnam example, denounced the Republican issue, regardless of whether an indict- By CliffKincaid alternative introduced by Sen. John ment is returned by a grand jury. Chafee of Rhode Island and endorsed In return for the money. Brown by Senate Republican leader Bob Dole allegedly promised: to get the adminis- the London Sunday Times and CBS's of Kansas. tration to end opposition to Interna- 60 Minutes, is reeling from another DeLay called the Republican plan tional Monetary Fund (IMF) loans to scandal. The U.N. Economic and "Hillary Light" because it also relies Vietnam; to lift the trade embargo; to Social Council (ECOSOC) voted to on mandatory health maintenance seek normalized diplomatic relations give special "consultative" status to organizations. Also breaking with with Hanoi; and to obtain Most the International Lesbian and Gay Dole and Chafee, Sen. Phil Gramm of Favored Nation trade status for Hanoi. Association, a group that endorses Texas introduced his own plan offer- Step one was taken, and step two was pedophilia and includes among its ing medical savings accounts, mal- partially accomplished when Clinton members the North American Man- practice reform and continued con- allowed U.S. companies to compete Boy Love Association (NAMBLA). sumer choice. for IMF loans to Vietnam. Some in Congress say they'll cut funds Brown's accuser, a Vietnamese- to ECOSOC. But U.S. officials at the Tough On Crime American businessman, Ly Tranh U.N. insist they didn't know of the A major effort for "truth in sentenc- Binh, reportedly passed a lie detector NAMBLA connection and are looking ing" laws is being launched on the test. for ways to disassociate themselves. national and state levels. The laws At first. Brown said through a would ensure that convicts serve at spokesman that he didn't recall meet- Peace Plan least 85 percent of their sentences. ing with a Vietnamese businessman The Palestinian revolt was out of Violent criminals today serve only involved in the alleged bribery control and the Palestine Liberation about one-quarter of their sentences scheme. Later, Brown acknowledged Organization (PLO) was bankrupt. largely because of prison overcrowd- meeting with him three times, but not These are the behind-the-scenes rea- ing. about business. sons being offered to explain the The effort is being managed by for- Observers say Brown's deception Palestinian self-rule plan agreed to by mer Justice Department lawyer Jim has convinced reporters and congres- the PLO and Israel. Wootton, president of the Safe Streets sional conservatives alike to dig even The secret to the plan, all sides Alliance, in cooperation with the deeper. agree, lies in the PLO suppressing the American Legislative Exchange Coun- growing forces of radical, Iranian- cil, a group of state legislators from More U.N. Blunders sponsored Islamic extremist groups across the nation. The problem is that The United Nations, hit hard by such as Hamas. such laws necessitate a massive expan- charges of financial corruption from But not everybody favors the deal. sion of prison space to accommodate Americans for a Safe Israel (AFSI) the increasing number of prisoners.

Washington-hased Cliff Kincaid vigorously opposes it, saying the terri- Under "truth in sentencing" laws, the writes for Human Events and other tory Israel is giving up is critical to its prison population could double to two publications. security. Others oppose it because of million.

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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We're Changing the Shape ofAmerica' COMMANDER'S TESTIMONY the plan. He cautioned the veterans committees that while the President's plan would maintain an independent VA, there are still too many unan- swered questions. "Please don't think for a moment that the Legion will consent to buying a VA Can't Survive pig in a poke," Thiesen said. "We want to see all the details, and we are sure we will not agree with all of them." Thiesen also briefed the committees BY STANDING STILL on the Legion's suggestions for VA's Fiscal Year (FY) 1995 budget. High- lights of his testimony include: VA BUDGET For FY 1995, the VA medical care budget should be $18.5 billion, a $3 billion increase from the proposed FY 1994 budget. For VA to be competitive

within a national health-care system, it must have this money to bolster its infrastructure and properly take care of veterans. MEDICAL CARE Medical and prosthetic research. VA research should be funded at $280 million for FY 1995, a $28 million increase from the THIESEN—Legion proposed FY 1994 budget of won't endorse $252 million. Over the past plan until all 45 years, VA research has details are contributed to successful

spelled out. heart and liver transplants and helped eliminate tuber- culosis as a major public health problem. Medical school affiliation. VA Natl. Cmdr. Thiesen fells Congress that VA must continue its associations with medical schools, which help recruit will for have to oompefe pafienfs under good doctors and improve the quality Cllnfon's healfh-oare plan. of care. Currently, 139 VA medical facilities are affiliated with 103 med- ical schools. More than half of all prac- RESIDENT Clinton pro- will force VA to improve its care and ticing physicians in the United States mised The American services to veterans who will have a received part of their training at one of Legion that veterans would choice between VA and other hospitals. VA's 172 medical centers. not suffer from a national Speaking directly on the President's Eligibility and entitlement. All vet-

health care plan," National heath-care proposal, Thiesen said he is erans should be able to receive VA Commander Bruce Thiesen "extremely encouraged" about the treatment, both service-connected and told a joint hearing of the expected impact of the Clinton admin- nonservice-connected. Also, eligibility House and Senate Veterans istration's health-care reforms on veter- for VA health care should not be deter- Affairs committees. "But, ans. In fact, the Clinton plan draws mined by the degree of service-con- what was most important, the President heavily from the Legion's own health- nected disability. said that veterans would be partners in care proposal. An American Legion Third-Party reimbursement. any plan that was developed. He has Proposal to Improve Veterans Health Medicare, Medicaid and other federal kept that promise." Care (see box on Page 18), which was health-care subsidies must be consid- Delivering the Legion's annual testi- the first comprehensive veterans ered third-party payers so they can mony in September, Thiesen said he health-care plan put before the adminis- reimburse VA for care provided to non- realizes "VA can't survive by standing tration by a major veterans group. service-connected veterans. still." He noted that national health care Thiesen stopped short of endorsing Please turn page

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION HEALTHMAX "BEATS SOLOFLEX AND NORDICFLEXGOLDl COSTS $600-$700 LESS!

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move to compensate all victims of Agent Orange as soon as possible. EMPLOYMENT Grants. Service organizations such as the Legion should be able to receive federal grants to train veterans separat- ing from the military for civilian work. Currently, only employers are eligible. Transition Assistance Program (TAP). Some money earmarked for TAP or Disabled Transition Assistance Program (DTAP) training should be provided to the Small Business Admin- istration's Office of Veterans Affairs. This office has been providing assis- tance to separating veterans long before the onset of TAP and DTAP and could bring much to the process.

LEADERS From left, Nat l. Cmdr. Thiesen, Rep. Sonny" G.V. Montgomery and Otha D. Jackson of Post 138, Philadelphia, Miss., discuss the future of VA and CONSTRUCTION health care for the nation's veterans and their families. VA major construction should get $600 million annually for the rest of the Nonservice-connected veterans. Agent Orange studies are done to deter- 1990s. Minor construction should aver- Nonservice-connected veterans should mine what illnesses are linked to expo- age no less than $150 million annually be allowed to receive VA medical care sure to the dioxin. VA should also through the end of the decade. for a fee, based on their ability to pay. Women veterans. There will be 1.3 million female veterans in the United States by 2000. VA needs to be ready CLINTON'S PROPOSAL TO REFORM VA to offer them a complete spectrum of HERE'S how VA will change • Service-connected and low- medical care. under President Clinton's income veterans also will contin- health-care proposal. The list ue to receive free VA care for ser- VETERANS BENEFITS below was personally given to the vices such as long-term care and Veterans Benefits Administration Legion by Hillary Rodham Clinton, treatment for PTSD. (VBA). VBA needs a minimum of 700 head of the President's Heath Care OTHER FEATURES more Full-Time Employee Equivalents Task Force, a few days before the • VA role in national medical (FTEEs) in FY 1995. This will require President's health-care speech to education and in research continues. an additional $25 million in the VBA the nation. Clinton's plan closely • VA continues to serve as budget for FY 1995, increasing it to follows many of the Legion's ideas backup to DoD in war. $775 million from the the FY 1994 fig- contained in An American Legion • The VA Secretary has the ure of $750 million. Proposal to Improve Veterans option to include veterans' depen- National Cemetery System (NCS). Health Care. Provisions in blue are dents in VA health plans. To meet construction and renovation those originally listed in the FINANCING costs of cemeteries for FY 1995, the Legion's health-care proposal. • VA will receive premium NCS needs $78 million, an $8 million payments for all enroUees from increase from FY 1994's $70 million. OVERVIEW health alliances. GI Bill. A GI's cash contribution to • No veteran will have fewer • High-income, nonservice-con- participate in the GI Bill should be benefits than under current law nected veterans will pay a cost eliminated and the monthly benefit and each may have more. share like other citizens. increased to $777 from $400. • VA will operate health plans • Medicare will reimburse VA Reservists and National Guardsmen for all veterans through various for high-income, nonservice-con- ordered to active duty for more than 90 health alliances. nected veterans. consecutive days should be eligible for • VA will guarantee all stan- • Federal government appro- full education benefits. dard benefits to veterans who priations will cover the remaining (julf war veterans. There needs to choose a VA health plan. cost of all care for service-con- be a thorough epidemiological study of • Service-connected and low- nected and low-income veterans. Desert Storm veterans as soon as possi- income veterans will not pay any • VA will retain all reimburse- ble to help isolate the cause of Desert cost for their care if they enroll in ments from health alliances, Storm ailments. a VA plan. Medicare and other plans. Agent Orange. VA Secretary Jesse Brown should ensure that additional

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION . .

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tells what her life was like when her husband went off to war.

When George boarded a train, it HOLIDAY VOICES left me with three children under 5 years of age. Flashes of memories of those days include: on payday, $120 a r^^OM WORLD WAR II month, they got an ice cream cone; coffee, sugar rations; ration books; making children's clothing out of feed bags. We lived on the second floor with a cook stove in the kitchen. We carried coal up, ashes down. Our telephone was on a party line, with maybe eight other families on the line. I planted a

garden, tended it with a hoe and a gar- den plow and canned a lot of fruits and vegetables. I remember taking my children to Christmas Eve service. What did we see but old Santa himself walking up the hill with a pack on his back. Did we believe in Santa? You bet we did!

^ H« * For Minnie R. Ragland of Cocoa Beach, Fla., Christmas during the war conjures memories of the kindness of a stranger who helped her get home for the holi- THETRIMIVIINGS- days. Beside bullets and It happened in Buffa- butter, America lo, N.Y., on Dec. 22, provided its troops 1943. Military orders holiday trappings had ended togetherness to bring them for my husband and me. closer to home. He was off to fly The Hump. From the cab at the station, I stepped into a desperate sea of human- ity clamoring to board the incoming train. The minute it stopped the screaming throng wildly stampeded the protesting trainman. Down the track, a curious pullman conductor leaned out. I dashed toward him and in tearful terror pleading to The men, women F ALL the holiday seasons get on. His look softened and he celebrated by America's reached for my hand. Once aboard, he and children of senior generation, few are unlocked the ladies' room and hurried the wor yecrs remembered more than me inside. those of World War IL "Stay until I come for you." vividly recoil their Below are selections from I mopped my tears, the train moved holidoy a new book, Voices: Let- and I breathed easier. Eventually, my ters From World War II, in kind conductor returned, ushered me in the memories which GIs and their fami- to a seat and wrote out a ticket for an heorffelf new lies recall how war and the spirit of upper berth. Christmas met. How I wanted to hug him. I would book. Voices: be home for Christmas! Letters from World One housewife and mother who * * * contributed her memories to the book, Jack Smith of Dallas, Texas, didn't War II, Mary B. Lashley of Hagerstown, Md., Please turn page

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A Gl CHRISTMAS

ant Yule until we decided to do our best to celebrate this great event. We asked our colonel to cease combat patrols for Christmas and maintain only the necessary guard, and he agreed. Both officers and enlisted men contributed food from home to pro- vide a festive table and our cooks baked enough bread for two slices apiece. We had Spam and sardines, fruit including peaches and pineapple, and the well-known battery acid lemonade. Our chefs also baked a huge decorated cake, and we had nuts and candy.

AFTER the meal, we sang Christ- mas songs accompanied by the chaplain's wheezy organ and as dusk approached, we perched on MEMORIES— coconut log seats to watch a movie in What WWII veteran our theater. ever forget The Navy men from the ship in the make it home Christ- those Christmases for issue amounts of ammuni- harbor were invited and when it was shared with his mas in 1944. He was a tion. Some rifle squad dark, we had a real surprise. The machine gunner with the buddies in some members had only one clip. sailors had strung lights— all blue 101st far-off land or Airborne Division After two rounds of ar- bulbs—to outline their ship. In the lonely ship. near Foy and Bastogne, tillery cover-fire, we made darkness, the ship was a thing of beau- Belgium. our attack over an open ty- I remember Captain Cann reading a field, slanting upward toward a Ger- For a few brief hours, the war had small Bible on Christmas Day, also man-held woods line. seemed far away and we knew the true these all men killed in action: The rifle platoon took the first meaning of peace on earth, goodwill 1st Lt. Lyle C. Fenton, Pvt. Glenn casualties, followed by the machine- toward men.

L. Knerr, 2nd Lt. Sherman N. Suther- gun squads. The mortar section fired =f: * * land, Pfc. Leonard E. Lundquist, 2nd William Wilson of Livingston Lt. Roger L. Tinsley, Pvt. Patrick H. Manor, N.Y., still remembers how peo- Neill, Pvt. Harvey A. Cross, Pvt. John GREAT HOLIDAY GIFT! ple of all walks of life stood side by R. Osborne, Pvt. Clarence E. Ishler, side to celebrate the holiness of the Pvt. Claire Voices: Letters From World War II M. Peterson, Pvt. Thomas event during the Christmas he spent in is a collection of more than 800 let- A. Knapp, Cpl. Hubert Reasor and Great Britain. ters Pvt. by WWII veterans and their James R. Sowards Jr, my closest "It came upon a midnight clear..." families recalling their experiences buddy; Staff Sgt. Darvin Lee who The words echoed as a bright during the war. To order your copy, moon saved my life; and finally K.P. Smith illuminated the English send $29.95 plus $3.50 handling countryside. who was with me all the way. to: Voices and the sounds of plodding * * =1; feet could be heard as the men made And for Ross K. Rasmussen of Hot Premium Press America their way to the airbase chapel and Springs, Ark., and his buddies in P.O. Box 159015 base theater. A Catholic chaplain from Europe during Christmas 1944, peace Nashville, TN 37215-9015. the hills of Pennsylvania was starting on earth and goodwill toward men Mass inside while three English was noticeably absent. youngsters stood before the Christmas On Christmas Eve in the wintry everything they had, then waited in the crib, their faces wreathed in smiles, Ardennes of Belgium, K Co., 290th cold, in the moonlight, as over 50 per- despite the tragedies of war they had Inf., 75th Div., was attacked. cent of K Co. was dissolved. endured. We had no preliminary combat sea- Duty. Honor. Country. Two soldiers of Jewish faith played * * * soning, but were rushed forward to the organ and violin, as they would for help stop the German advance. After a Although it wasn't the usual White Protestant services later that day. long, difficult march, we received Christmas that Stan W. Carlson had The congregation knelt in prayer orders to attack immediately. We come to expect in Minneapolis, he a soldier whose family was devout accepted our destiny as only the found out the indomitable Christmas Irish from Boston, a youngster from a infantry can. spirit was still prevalent in the steamy Nebraska farm next to him, and close Our rifle squads and machine-gun jungles of New Guinea. by, a man who always deeply im- and mortar sections had only standard There was little promise of a pleas- Please turn to page 69

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For the U.S. troops serving in biiglif-sfriclon Afrioo, the season of peace and goodwiii would be one fliey wouid not soon forget

By Gidget Fuentes

WASN'T the flawless, ing Operation Restore Hope last year, The make-do spirit of Christmas beautiful Christmas tree this shabby old tree was the in- was everywhere. Members of a U.S. you would see in Macy's or domitable spirit of Christmas. Air Force crew topped off their blue any other store window, but American GIs have always made flight suits with red Santa hats. With DTsomehow it stood proudly the best out of their often meager exis- temperatures reaching 105 degrees, at attention in the dusty tence, whether in the desert sun of 3,000 GIs at the Mogadishu seaport I warehouse that had been Mogadishu or in the frozen slopes of received a Christmas Day hot meal of converted to a barracks. the Choisin Reservoir. In Somalia, chicken, peas, potatoes and cake with The tree, which looked more than 8,000 miles away from strawberries. Without a gripe about the 1 more like a plastic bush, had been home and loved ones, U.S. troops lack of silverware, a Marine detach- crowned with a silver star. Hung on its sprouted dozens of Christmas trees in ment at the airport used the bed of a 5- branches was a collection of makeshift camps throughout Mogadishu, the out- ton truck as a dinner table to devour ornaments, including several green lying villages of Bardera, Baidoa and the meal in no time flat. And a spirited matchbooks and tiny Tabasco bottles. Bale Dogle, and neighboring Kenya. group of GIs serenaded Mogadishu The tree wouldn't have won any Most were native bushes, looking residents with Christmas songs.

beauty contest, but it didn't matter like Charlie Brown's Christmas tree, much to its decorators. Marine Lance but all were bedecked with GI imagi- MOMBASA, the coastal port city Corporal Steve Osborne and Private nation: green and white Chicklet gum INof Kenya that was the base camp for First Class Jon Curtis. To them and from MREs (Meals, Ready-to-Eat Operation Restore Hope, we cele- the more than 15,000 American sol- rations issued to U.S. troops), beige brated midnight Mass in a hangar. The diers and Marines sent to Somalia dur- coffee creamer packets, dog tags, alu- scene was somewhat surreal. There minum soda cans, plastic spoons, cre- were rows of metal folding chairs and A reporter for Navy Times, Gidget ative cardboard cards scrawled with the chaplain said mass on an altar of Fuentes covered the Marine opera- GI greetings and holiday messages to boxes draped in cloth. There was no tions in Somalia during the holiday those back home, and those ubiquitous organ, no choir—just our voices season last year. Tabasco bottles. singing along to a cassette recorder

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION playing "Silent Night." For U.S. troops on land and sailors at sea, this season of goodwill and peace toward men would be one they would not soon forget. For they were there on a mission of mercy. Marine Cpl. Rodney Stidham was resting near his assault vehicle after driving in a convoy that brought food and supplies to the inland town of Baidoa. "It makes you feel proud," he said. "It makes you feel like you're doing something positive." Another Marine, Cpl. Garland Burke, saw the hope and appreciation in the faces of Somali women and children as they stood barefooted along the dusty roads watching the Marine trucks of food roll by. "It makes you feel fortunate," he said. "We take things for granted, things that they don't have." During Christmas in Somalia, these young Americans who were trained to kill in war were here to give hope and keep peace.

DECEMBER 1993 25 continuously since the 1940s. the earliest American foreign policy By Elliott Abrams With the Cold War behind us, it goals.

may be time to ask: Is Europe still the Since World War 11, American eco- IS an American habit to most important place in the world for nomic interests in Latin America have look east across the At- us? Should we be paying more atten- been outpaced by those in Europe and lantic when we think of tion to Argentina and Mexico than to East Asia. We got to believe that Japan foreign affairs. World Serbia and Slovakia? Do our interests and the European Community were nTWars I and II, and the Cold now lie more in our own hemisphere? invincible. War as well, were strug- The thought behind that question is gles for control of the nothing new. From the founding of the TODAY, we know better. Japanese European continent, and republic down to World War I, there property, stock markets and invest- we have had hundreds of was a consensus that our greatest eco- ments overseas have fallen substan- thousands of troops stationed in Europe nomic and political interests lay in this tially. In Western Europe, economic hemisphere. The Monroe Doctrine held and political integration looks increas- Elliott Ahrams, a senior fellow in that whatever our interests around the ingly like a dream; 1992 was supposed the Washington, D.C., office of the globe, "with movements in this hemi- to be the year in which this vision was Hudson Institute, was assistant Secre- sphere we are of necessity more imme- realized, but instead it was a year of tary of State for Inter-American diately connected," and that view was war in Yugoslavia. Affairs from J 985 to 1989. His article, very widely accepted in the United For the longer run, demography tells "Democracy In Nicaragua: Still In States. A secure southern border and a cautionary tale about the prospects of Trouble," appeared in the April issue. control of the Caribbean were among Japanese and European power and

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

control and toward the free market. The Where democracy last decade has seen "profound political

and economic changes. . . [that] could the foundation for future growth," succeeds, is lay the World Bank concluded in its 1991 annual report. The numbers tell the story. The overall downtrend of the 1980s has close behind? ended. The region's economies grew 3.5 percent in 1991 and 2.8 percent in 1992. Latin trade with the rest of the

Yes, says Lalin world is rising fast, as is foreign invest- ment in the region. America, which What about the debt crisis that was crippling Latin economic progress?

The Latin debt is enormous, but it is 00 the verye of now falling, rather than climbing. In Mexico, foreign debt equaled 58 per- cent of gross national product in 1986, but only 24 percent by the end of 1992. As former Federal Reserve Board chairman Paul Volcker has said, "The great Latin American debt crisis is no longer a crisis." The potential of Latin America as a market for American goods is very large —and those markets mean jobs in the United States. American investors and exporters have advantages of history and geography that translate into economic benefits.

Latin America is our mar- ket. Out of every dollar of goods the Latins buy from

industrialized countries, 1 cents go to the Japanese, 29 cents to the Europeans and a hefty 57 cents to American companies. But these aren't cents, they're billions. Latin Amer- ican and Caribbean countries spent $63.4 billion on Amer- ican-made products in 1991, prosperity. Japan is the most rapidly there is a great tidal wave of democracy a whopping one-year increase of 17 aging country in the world and by 2010 moving the region from 90 percent dic- percent from 1990"s $53.8 billion fig- will have the highest percentage of tatorships in 1980 to 90 percent democ- ure. In 1992, U.S. exports to Latin population over 65 of all the leading racies today. The military rulers are America were up another 20 percent, to industrialized countries. gone in Central and South America, $75.8 billion. The West Europeans not only face and Fidel Castro's communist dictator- According to the U.S. government, the problem of aging populations, they ship is increasingly isolated. the Latin American and Caribbean must also brace for the arrival of large And in economic policy, Latins market now is "the fastest growing numbers of eastern European refugees have seen "Big Government" not only regional market for U.S. exports." And from the collapsed Soviet empire and fail to deliver on its promises, but also those sales won't slow down. The cur- even larger numbers who might want to threaten both prosperity and freedom. rent Latin population of 430 million is emigrate from the Islamic world. They have watched the failure of com- expected to rise by 75 percent to 750 Let us examine conditions in our munist Europe, and compared the suc- million by 2025. That is a tremendous own hemisphere. In Latin America, cess of East Asia. opportunity for American business. there are no border wars, no wars of In nearly every country in Latin Of all the Latin countries, the one secession, no religious wars. There are America, there have been deep eco- with the greatest impact on the United no great waves of refugees. Instead, nomic policy changes away from state Please turn to page 66

DECEMBER 1993 27 ARTHUR SCHLESiNGER JR. INTERVIEW

Stop Pulling America

One of America's leading historians warns fliaf muifi- culfuralisf extremists are cracking tine melting pot wtien ttieypusti for separation instead of assimiiation.

ATTACK today is that noble image of ed as noble objectives. Today, multicultural ideologues mNDERAmerica as the great melting pot where people of have turned against the melting pot. many races are forged into individuals with com- Their underlying philosophy is that America is not a mon pursuits. Perhaps even more startling is that nation of individuals at all, but a nation of distinct, separat- the attack is coming from an unexpected quarter: ed groups and that ethnicity is the defining experience for members of minority races who increasingly most Americans. Their goal is a nation of minorities less oppose assimilation and integration. interested in joining with the majority in common pursuits Nowhere are the battle lines more clearly than in declaiming their alienation from what they portray drawn than in the schools. In Portland, Ore., for as an oppressive, racist, Anglo-Saxon society. instance, black students are taught in "Afrocentric" studies The cult of ethnicity in its more extreme forms reverses that Africans discovered America before Columbus and that the historic theory of America as one people that has thus the German composer Beethoven was "Afro-European." far managed to keep American society whole. It fosters In Los Angeles, students from Spanish-speaking homes separatism, exaggerates differences, intensifies antago- are taught in bilingual classes where the primary language nisms and drives ever deeper the awful wedges between of instruction is Spanish, not English. Many other schools races and nationalities. That is very troubling. across the country are offering multicultural programs that segregate students by race or ethnicity. Q. Isn't this melting pot exactly what our Founders Are these programs designed to heighten self-esteem envisioned when they sought to create a unique Ameri- working? An emphatic "no," says historian Arthur M. can culture? Schlesinger Jr, a special adviser to President John P. A The point of America has not been to preserve old cul- Kennedy. He contends they not only fail, but they also tures, but to forge a new, American culture. That does strike at the very roots of the nation. not mean individuals cannot treasure their own cuisines, In this interview with THE AMERICAN LEGION maga- customs, festivals and so on, like St. Patrick's Day. That, in zine, Schlesinger, winner of two Pulitzer Prizes and author fact, adds to the richness of American life. of The Disuniting of America, warns against attempts to No harm is done when an ethnic group displays pride in divide the United States into distinct racial and ethnic com- its historic past or its contribution to the American present. munities. But, from the beginning, America was seen as a severing of roots and an interweaving of separate ethnic strands into a

AMERICAN Legion Magazine : When you were in new national design, a melting pot. That idea is what the JFK's New Frontier, could you have imagined writing a ideologues reject. book lii

Miiiiliiiiiiiii 28 THE AMERICAN LEGION — " " " " .

After all, our schools train the citizens of the future. Histor- HIGHLIGHT ically, they have been the great agency for converting new- comers into Americans. But multicultural ideologues now say that traditional education injured people by undermining their self-esteem . and depriving them of role models from their own ethnic AititM £d(hiuAq&i On. minorities. They say instead that schools should emphasize the separateness of each group, and each group should be Multicultural extremists: "They exaggerate taught its own peculiar traditions. differences and intensify antagonisms, But that is not the task of the public schools. Their task driving ever deeper ttie awfui wedges isn't to perpetuate separatism, but to show kids what they hold in common as Americans. between races and nationaiities.

Q. Are you talking about the so-called Afrocentric Bilingual education: "it prcmotes seg- curricula such as the one used in Portland, Ore.? regation, nouristies raciai antagonisms A The advocates for Afrocentric curricula argue that and sliuts doors on students. existing curricula are "Eurocentric" and that they deni- grate black values and achievements. The antidote, they Afrocentric education: If some Ku Klux Kian argue, is to teach Afrocentric curricula which purport to ideagie wanted to tiandioap blaol

DECEMBER 1993 29 I

FROM NORIH ArRICA TO R(IME, AM[R ICAN

GROUNfl FORCES GAME FOllY OF AGE.

WORLD WAR II: THE WAR YEARS

THE American Legion mag- azine's series of special annual articles commemo- New Guinea, and amphibious forces By Rick Hampson rating the 50th anniversary commanded by Adm. Chester Nimitz were leapfrogging from island to of World War II continues THE beginning of island, moving ever closer to Japan. with this review of 1943, the 1943, the middle year of At home, Americans were getting turning point of the war. Next World War 11, the out- used to rationing and shortages. December, we will cover come hung in the bal- Although some factories still were not ATance in every major the- up to speed, industry was halfway 1944, and in September ater of battle. But the down the road to what War Production 1995 we will review 1945, I Allies, who had been Board chief, Donald Nelson, would including of the end the war I falling back almost call "a production miracle." and a look ahead to the everywhere a year earlier, now were The Allies' greatest early success in in North Africa where, by the post-war and Cold War eras. on the march the Pacific, North came Africa and eastern Europe, on the seas end of 1942, Axis rule was fading fast. In addition, the magazine and in the skies and on the home front. British troops under Field Marshal

is publishing a series of All roads, it seemed, now led to Bernard Montgomery pushed the Afri- individual articles through- Rome—and to Berlin and Tokyo. ka Korps of Field Marshal Erwin By January, Hitler's threat to Eng- Rommel steadily westward across the out the 50th anniversary land had been neutralized, and Soviet sands from Egypt—and toward an period that spotlight major armies were encircling more than Anglo-American force moving slowly events of the war, "World 200,000 troops of the German Sixth east under Dwight Eisenhower, a 52-

War II: Battle Reports". Army at Stalingrad. In the central year-old U.S. lieutenant general. Pacific, the United States was in con- The first British-American summit These articles honor trol after the battle of Midway in June. on liberated territory began Jan. 14 at those who served, fought Meanwhile, armies under Gen. Dou- Casablanca, where Prime Minister and died. Their courage, glas MacArthur were fighting across Winston Churchill and President resolve and sacrifice will Franklin D. Roosevelt had their third is meeting of the war. always be remembered. Rick Hampson a New York-based writer and editor. All the articles in The Americans wanted to continue —The Editors this special section, "World War II: their buildup in Great Britain for a The War Years," were written by him. Please turn to page 32

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION ERNIE PYLE THE GI'S STORY

ERNIE PYLE, America's most famous war correspondent, wasn't looking for heroes to write about. Instead, he filled his news- paper columns with what the ordi- nary GI thought and felt, saw and heard, ate and drank. He developed his style of writ- ing in North Africa one day when he and a soldier jumped into a SEA TO LAND—Top, ditch to avoid strafing. After the infantrymen train for plane had passed, he turned to the amphibious assaults. soldier and said, "That was close, Bottom, GIs fight eh?" The man was dead. house to house to Dazed, Pyle wandered off to a win Bizerte, Tunisia, military briefing. But he wrote his story that day about the soldier who had died next to him, not the battle. He had discovered his point of view — that of the dog-

face — and it won him a Pulitzer Prize in 1943. "I was at the foot of the mule train the night they brought Capt. Waskow's body down," he wrote from the mountains of Italy in the grim winter of 1944. "Dead men had been coming down the moun- tain all evening, lashed onto the backs of mules. They came lying belly-down across the wooden packsaddles, their heads hanging down on the left side of the mule, their stiffened legs sticking out awkwardly from the other side, bobbing up and down as the mules walked.... You feel small in the presence of dead men, and ashamed at being alive...." That was how he wrote, and that, in 1945, was how he died: shot to death in a foxhole on tiny le Island, west of Okinawa.

DECEMBER 1993 31 cross-channel invasion of Europe; the line, the II Corps area British wanted to attack Hitler's under U.S. Major Gen. "Fortress Europe" from the south. Lloyd Fredendall. The Eventually, they compromised. Americans fell back. The biggest news of the conference A week later, at the came from Roosevelt, who an- Kasserine Pass in Tu- nounced—almost as an afterthought, it nisia's Dorsal Mountains, seemed—that the Allies would insist the U.S. Army lost its first on "the unconditional surrender of major battle of the war. Germany, Italy and Japan." Churchill More than 1,000 Ameri- later wrote that he was taken by sur- can soldiers were killed, prise, and critics of the policy argued and hundreds taken pris-

that it would impel the Axis to fight oners. German tanks easi- harder and longer. ly defeated their American But the U.S. demand for uncondi- counterparts; the 2nd Bat- tional surrender was not without pur- talion of the 1st Armored pose, for the Americans believed such Regiment lost 46 of 50 a declaration was needed to reassure tanks.

Stalin. Their suspicious, yet vital, Soviet ally feared that Britain and the ALLIES AHACK— United States would strike a separate Above, in Italy, Western Front peace with Hitler, leav- American GIs take the beaches of Salerno. ing Stalin and his troops at the mercy of concentrated Nazi might. Right, a church in Acerno bears the As the conference ended, North wounds of war. Africa was falling to the Allies. On Far right, Sicilians Jan. 23, the British took Tripoli, a joyfully greet U.S. Libyan city on the Mediterranean. By troops liberating early February, Rommel had retreated IViessina. west across the border of Tunisia, where he decided to strike the British and American units to the west before The Germans broke they grew any stronger. He wanted to through the pass and raced split the Allied line in half and drive toward the Mediterranean, on to the Mediterranean port of Bone threatening to cut Allied for additional supplies. But above all, forces in two. But Ameri- he wanted to test the green American can and British reinforce- troops. ments were hurled into the

It was a bold plan, and it almost breach, as the 9th Infantry worked. On Valentine's Day, scores of Division dug in with German tanks quickly penetrated the 105mm howitzers and southern end of the Allied western halted the German advance

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION came from the British 1st Anny and II Corps. In a crucial battle with the Ger- mans, the Americans captured Hill

609. "Ike" later called it "final proof that American ground forces had come fully of age." The Mediterranean port cities of Bizerte and Tunis both fell on For the Allies, the May 7. Five days later, the last Axis forces long road to in North Africa surrendered. What Churchill called the Axis' "soft under- Berlin hegan with belly" — southern Europe — was exposed. victories 1943's The Americans had redeemed against the themselves. The 1st and 34th infantry battalions and the 1st Armored Divi- fascist forces in sion triumphed under the most trying conditions as they fought their way Africa and Italy. down the Tunisian mountains toward

after a daylong battle. Three the sea. They subsisted on cold rations days after he had gone and slept on cold ground. They through the pass, Rommel crawled along paths fit only for goats, retreated through it—with a and they took hill after hill, sometimes new respect for American in hand-to-hand combat. Finally they men and hardware. reached the Mediterranean, and the Eisenhower, frustrated doubts raised at Kasserine Pass were with the American perfor- dismissed. mance at Kasserine Pass, When it was launched on July 10, replaced Fredendall with the Allied move on Sicily —code Maj.Gen. George S. Patton. named "Husky"—became the largest On March 16. Patton invasion in military history. It was attacked, after telling his hardly the best executed, however. commanders the night Eisenhower had been appointed before. "If we are not vic- Supreme Allied Commander, but even torious, let no one come his talents were strained by an back alive." Patton moved amphibious operation that stretched east and met Montgomery, across 500 miles and involved numer- who—having repulsed a ous units from two nations. Rommel counterattack on The island's Italian defenders March 6—had pushed the seemed to have little taste left for the Germans back against the war, and Patton 's Seventh Army and Mediterranean. Montgomery's British Eighth Army The knockout blow Please turn to page 56

33 ISLAND HIPPING INIHE I—PACIFIC

siMiiim THE Pacific, 1943 began from the south, American and Aus- with a hard won victory. Emper- tralian troops hacked their way north or Hirohito finally gave Japan- toward the coastal village of Buna. DUST ese commanders permission to MacArthur's orders to Lt. Gen. Robert INevacuate Guadalcanal, formally Eichelberger were simple: "Take Buna ending a bloody, five-month or don't come back alive." Eichelberg- battle that had given Americans er took Buna and neighboring Gona a taste of trials to come as they after 32 days and more than 8,000 nil fought their way toward Japan. Allied casualties. He then moved As Adm. Chester Nimitz prepared along northeastern New Guinea to to advance across the central Pacific, take Lae, Nadzab and Finschhafen. Gen. Douglas MacArthur's forces On March 1, the Allies spotted a were moving north from Australia, convoy of 16 Japanese ships from the planning to take or cut off Japanese stronghold of Rabaul, New Britain, positions en route to the Philippines steaming toward Lae with reinforce- and to the general's rendezvous with ments for Japanese garrisons on New destiny. Guinea. The Battle of the Bismark Sea vfet But first MacArthur's troops had to had begun. The following morning fight their way across an equatorial land-based U.S. B-17 bombers attacked hell known as New Guinea, a vast the convoy, sinking a transport, and island with 16,000-foot mountains. other American and Australian war- Stone Age cannibals and some of the planes later sunk four destroyers. thickest jungles on the planet. Starting The battle was an important Allied

victory, but it later became known pri-

AIMING FOR VICTORY—/\ PT boat marily for the sinking of PT-109, com- marksman draws a bead along the New manded by a future President, Lt. John Guinea Coast. P. Kennedy. After a Japanese destroy-

THE AMERICAN LEGION China-Burma-India

THE AMERICAN experience in the China-Burma-India theater

ended much as it began — as a standoff. By 1941, Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek had retreated west to Chungking. In early 1942, the Japanese cut the Burma Road, Chi- ang's supply route to the south. To ARMED & ABLE— keep American aid coming, he In places like accepted U.S. Gen. Joseph "Vine- Tarawa, above, gar Joe" Stilwell as his chief of and Bougainville, staff. upper right, GIs Stilwell wanted to fight the turned the tide er sliced into his boat during a Army troops went Japanese, but Chiang was just as night patrol, Kennedy swam to a against the Axis. ashore on Rendova concerned with Mao Tse-tung's nearby island, towing an injured Island, across from communists to the north. He shipmate with him. The crew eventu- the Japanese air base at Munda Point. believed they would be in China ally was rescued after a coast watcher On July 5, the 43rd Infantry Division when the Japanese and Americans alerted the boat's base. landed. Aided by Marine air squad- were gone, and was wary of Allied control of sea and air rons based on Guadalcanal, the Amer- expending men and supplies allowed MacArthur to sweep along icans overcame fierce Japanese resis- Please turn to page 58 New Guinea's north coast to deprive tance. The Munda airfield fell Aug. 5, Japanese strongholds of reinforce- and American and New Zealand ments and supplies. Thousands of forces took a garrison at Vella Levella Japanese died of disease and starva- Island 10 days later. tion. Meanwhile, the advancing Allies Next came Bougainville, largest of enhanced their air power by building the Solomon Islands. From bases more air strips. By the end of the year there, Allied fighters would be able to they held most of eastern New Guinea, escort bombers to Rabaul. Although and the Japanese threat to Australia MacArthur wanted to storm Rabaul, had been eliminated. U.S. military planners in Washington The next target was New Georgia, — fearful of the losses such an attack the site of a large Japanese airfield, might entail — favored neutralizing which the Allies saw as a potential the base with continual bombing. staging base for an assault on Rabaul. Their plan was upheld by Roosevelt The first in a series of amphibious and Churchill at the Allies' conference landings began June 21, when Marines at Quebec. FLYING TIGERS—P-40e Toma- hawks protected cargo carriers took a big coastal gun at the south end On Nov. 1, the 1st Marine Division flying The Hump. of the island. The main landings came under Lt. Gen. A. A. Vandegrift hit the nine days later when Marines and Please turn to page 58

DECEMBER 1993 35 DELIVERS THE GOODS

A SHIP A DAY Germany sank million tons Allied shippi

in 1942-43. But at the same time, the Allies of enemy invasion or miles per hour, gasoline allowed to begin con- launched 16 attack had faded on the rationing and a ban on plea- verting for peacetime. million more tons. FEARhome front by the begin- sure driving. For the first time, the ning of 1943, but the de- The change started in productivity of Ameri- mands of winning a war Washington, where the federal gov- can industry was limited only by the were transforming Ameri- ernment was hiring thousands of peo- number of hours in the day. A nation ca into something almost ple a month and quadrupling its civil- that five years earlier had been making

as exotic as the places ian payroll. By the end of the year, it almost no weapons was now making where the soldiers were had rationed, controlled or in some more than twice as many as all its ene- fighting. way regulated nearly every item mies combined. The paradoxes were striking: Peo- Americans ate, wore or bought. America could replace weapons ple had more money, but there was Meanwhile, Roosevelt's "arsenal of and equipment faster than the Axis less to buy; the government controlled democracy" was delivering the goods. could destroy them. The nation turned everything from war news to skirt Munitions production peaked in Octo- out a plane every five minutes and one lengths, but blacks, women and many ber, when factories were turning out ship a day. The Germans sank 12 mil- other citizens enjoyed unprecedented more medium tanks than the Allies lion tons of Allied shipping in the freedom. And a nation with an could use. Production finally was cut Atlantic in 1942-43, but over the same unabashed love of the road was sad- back in December, and plants that had two years the Allies launched 16 mil- dled with a national speed limit of 35 fulfilled their military contracts were lion tons.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION YOUTHFUL VOLUNTEERS BY 1943, as many as 12 mil- lion Americans had volun- teered for the home-front war effort. They planted victory gar- dens, sold war bonds, collected scrap, rolled bandages and per- formed a thousand other tasks. The Civil Air Patrol (CAP) scoured the coastlines for downed military pilots and for- est fires, and flew "enemy" planes in air raid drills or towed targets. CAP volunteers includ- ed mechanics and pilots who flew their own planes. At its peak, the CAP num- bered 80,000 men and women, plus 20,000 air cadets — teenagers who received preflight training. Some CAP planes car- ried depth charges for use against German submarines. By war's end, the CAP had bombed 57 subs and sunk several. Pilots often had to take their small planes as far as 100 miles out to sea. In winter, they faced almost certain death if they had to ditch in the turbulent, icy Atlantic. Twenty-six CAP vol- unteers were killed in action, and five others were seriously injured. Boy and Girl Scouts also threw themselves into the war GUNS N' ROSIES— effort. Older Scouts formed aux- When America Please turn to page 62 went to war, women went to work. Top, they

built machine guns and, above, they Donald Nelson, head of Ford's big B-24 bomber learned to live with the War Production Board, plant at Willow Run. food rationing. called the conversion of Mich., had been a bust in American factories for 1942, making only 56 warfare "almost magical" and no less planes. But by the end of 1943, the than "the biggest economic undertak- company had streamlined its plant, ing in history." At the Tehran confer- stabilized its work force and was clos- ence at the end of the year, Stalin pro- ing in on its once-incredible produc- posed a toast: "To American tion goal: a bomber an hour. production, without which this war But the home-front production vic- would have been lost." tory was accompanied by another, less eiviL It was a year of milestones. The popular effort—rationing, by which first of 50 Casablanca-class escort car- the government sought to allocate AIR PATROL riers was finished at Henry Kaiser's scarce items. Also price controls were shipyard in Vancouver, Wash., in set in an attempt to fight inflation. SUB P/anes of the record time. The 6,730-ton ships were When the year began, sugar had CHASERS— Civil Air Patrol sunk several U- ordered on June 18, 1942, and the first been rationed for six months, and gas boats off the U.S. coast. was completed in July; 49 others rationing had just been imposed. would follow within the year. Please turn to page 62

DECEMBER 1993 37 —

BiPiniEt

^ FORTRESSES— B-17softhe8th Air Force unload their bombs over a Luftwaffe

fighter base in Germany. INI AIR, 1 Aims

VERYONE talked about a HIIIHHIIIllimum tions illustrated the problems and per- cross-channel invasion of ils of daylight bombing.

Europe in 1943, but the On Aug. 1, 177 B-24 Liberators of Allies weren't ready for the 8th and 9th Air Forces left North much more than talk. Africa headed for the sprawling Nazi Instead, they wanted to oil complex at Ploesti in Romania. soften up Hitler's fortress The complex, which provided more continent by air and to than half of Germany's petroleum,

strangle it by sea, while was possibly the most heavily defend-

continuing to build up an invasion ed target in Europe. Churchill called it force in England. "the taproom of German might." Thanks to the Battle of Britain two FOR INVASION OIGAN. The bombers came in low, about years earlier, the Allies had secure air 500 feet, to evade radar and catch the bases. Thanks to humming U.S. facto- Germans by surprise. But some of the ries, they had a growing number of ing the day. bomber groups approached from the bombers. But the Allies had one big By March, the Britain-based U.S. wrong direction, prematurely alerting problem—they couldn't agree on a 8th Air Force was able to put 100 German anti-aircraft batteries. Flak bombing strategy. bombers at a time into the air, and was heavy, but most of the bombers The Americans favored daylight hundreds more were en route from got through to their targets. "pinpoint" bombing for its precision, American factories. But losses were Lt. Addison Baker of Akron, Ohio, while the British advocated nighttime high —almost a third of American air- and Maj. John Jerstad of Racine, Wis., "saturation" bombing for its relative men failed to complete the 25 mis- flew to the target even though their safety. At Casablanca, Roosevelt and sions that qualified them for rotation plane was enveloped in flame from Churchill agreed on a compromise back home. Germany, moreover, head to tail. They dropped their pay- round-the-clock bombing—with quickly repaired much of the damage load and died minutes later when their British bombers hitting the Germans to its war machine. plane crashed. Baker and Jerstad by night and Americans bombing dur- Raids on two key German installa- became two of five airmen to win the

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

THE NAVAJO CODE TALKERS THE NAVAJO Code Talkers ESPRIT DECREW- were several hundred Navajo The Memphis Belle Indians from Arizona and New crew completed Mexico who served as Marine Medal of Honor for hero- 25 missions with to attack another group of radio operators, speaking a ism over Ploesti. only one casualty— B-17s over Regensburg, code in their native language. Fifty-three of the 177 a leg wound to a near the Austrian border, Some had volunteered for the Liberators did not return; tail gunner. and refuel in time to meet Marines and were drafted for 310 of the 1.620 airmen the formation approaching code-talking; others were were killed and another 200 were cap- Schweinfurt. In all, the Americans lost recruited directly from their tured Or interned. Production at Ploesti 65 bombers, and 138 others were reservation. Working in two- was cut about 40 percent, but the Ger- badly damaged. man teams — transmitter and mans had ample reserves, and within a Two months later. 291 B-17s receiver — code talkers pro- month the complex was operating at returned to the site, and another 60 tected Marine communications pre-raid capacity. bombers were lost. The fighter escorts from Japanese eavesdroppers in Three weeks later, on Aug. 17 lacked the range to reach Schweinfurt some of the biggest battles of "Black Tuesday," the airmen would and had to turn back before the the Pacific. At Iwo Jima, for call it—230 B-17 Flying Fortresses bombers encountered the heaviest instance, code talkers handled left England for the German ball bear- German resistance. more than 800 messages in 48 ing works at Schweinfurt. Bad weath- The raids cut production at the fac- hours. er delayed takeoff by about three tory by 50 percent. But, given the loss- Please turn to page 60 hours, allowing German fighter pilots Please turn to page 60

DECEMBER 1993 39 — Veterans update

AGENT ORANGE LIST EXPANDS

lETNAM VETERANS decision, but said, "I am concerned pared statement. Brown said he asked suffering from respiratory with VA's failure to include prostate the NAS to help VA develop and test cancers or multiple cancer in the conditions that will be models of herbicide exposure that myeloma are eligible for provided presumptive service connec- could be used in future studies of Viet- V tion." Rockefeller said the study veterans. VA service-connected NAS nam disability. The addition of multiple showed prostate cancer was strongly However, at press time, no move myeloma, a bone cancer, and respira- linked to exposure to Agent Orange. had been made to begin the process. tory cancers of the lung, larynx or tra- Although the NAS report did show Legion officials note the statement did chea brings to seven the number of ail- a connection between Agent Orange not mention a timetable for further ments linked by VA to Agent Orange and prostate cancer and a probable study, and they fear this was only a exposure. VA expects to be able to link with peripheral neuropathy, VA move to placate veterans and veteran issue disability guidelines for the new Secretary Brown chose not to add advocates such as The American cancers by early 1995. them to the list of ailments linked to Legion. The two additions come on the Agent Orange. Brown has asked the For years. The American Legion heels of a VA announcement last sum- NAS to make studies on these two ill- has called for a protocol model to mer that the National Academy of Sci- nesses a top priority. It is expected to determine exposure of ground troops ences (NAS) had found positive links report its findings by July 1995. in Vietnam. Supporting the VA's to Agent Orange for prophyria cutanea Sen. Rockefeller also expressed decision to add two more diseases. tarda and Hodgkin's disease. disappointment over Brown's failure Legion National Commander Bruce Sen. John D. "Jay" Rockefeller, to follow NAS suggestions to create Thiesen says, "We still have a long chairman of the Senate Committee on an independent study of troops way to go, but we're starting to make Veterans' Affairs, applauded VA's exposed to Agent Orange. In a pre- some progress."

Veterans Win Right To Sue for the Federal Circuit, it argued that Association of Birth Defect Children 38 CFR 3.358 had stood unchallenged (ABDC), if they haven't already done Veterans whose disabilities have for 59 years. The court dismissed the so. been made worse from VA treatment argument, strongly reminding that needs to increase the num- no longer must prove negligence or VA ABDC it has "stood in splendid isolation as ber of victims on its registry to make it fault to receive VA compensation. In the single federal administration scientifically valid in the eyes of the the landmark case of Gardner vs. whose major functions were explicitly National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Brown in September, the U.S. Court of insulated from judicial review." After testifying before an Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled NAS Recognizing that errors and acci- committee during Agent Orange hear- in favor of veterans and stated that dents could happen within the VA sys- ings, director Betty Mekdeci part 3.358 of Title 38, Code of Federal ABDC tem, Congress created legislation in was told she needed a larger pool of Regulations (CFR) was invalid. 1924 that would allow veterans to victims to prove a link between herbi- According to VA, at least 6,000 receive compensation in such cases. In veterans are awaiting word on their cides and birth defects before any def- 1934, however, the Secretary of the of association claims for compensation due to VA inite proof can be Veterans Bureau created 38 negligence. Veterans who have been CFR claimed. Mekdeci's group shows 3.358, which reversed the intent of injured or had their disabilities aggra- strong evidence that certain birth Congress, the court said. vated because of VA treatment should defects are more common in children Calling 38 CFR 3.358 unautho- contact their American Legion Depart- of Vietnam veterans than in their civil- rized, the court said had created ment Service Officers. VA ian counterparts. an "extra-statutory regulation" in an However, VA may not act on these Mekdeci presented the committee attempt to pay less compensation than claims immediately. It has until with 1,500 child birth defect cases Congress had mandated. The court nonveterans and 817 from March 1 994 to appeal the ruling to the 483 from rejected VA's argument that a ruling Supreme Court. Vietnam veterans. in favor of Gardner would be expen- In upholding an earlier decision by The ABDC was one of several orga- sive. That was Congress' problem, not the Court of Veterans Appeals (CVA), nizations that received grants from The VA's, the court stated in its decision. the federal court determined the American Legion Child Welfare Foun- statute in Title 38, United States Code, dation last year. Veterans with birth- a postcard Section 1 158 — the legislation the defect children should send CFR is based upon — clearly does not Birth Defects Study with their names and addresses to the require the veteran to prove VA was at Veterans with children suffering Association of Birth Defect Children fault. When VA appealed the CVA from birth defects are urged by The Inc., 5400 Diplomat Circle, Suite 270, decision before the Court of Appeals American Legion to register with the Orlando, FL 32910.

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION ADVERTISEMENT

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IT'S TIME TO GET OUT OF SOMALIA/ THIESEN SAYS

lEGION with U.S. sovereignty THE AMERICAN LEGION National and violates constitu- magazine asked the Defense Comman- tional provisions," Department whether a cap- L der Bruce Thiesen said in his tured Marine participating iThiesen letter. "If placed in Operation Restore Hope has called on the United under incompetent in Somalia would be con- States to remove U.S. foreign commanders sidered a POW or a hostage. troops from Somalia. or assigned missions "No one could answer "It's time for the contrary to U.S. the question" the National administration and national interests Commander said. Congress to get our such actions could Thiesen urged Clinton to nation off this ill-fated place American lives establish a firm policy that course," Thiesen said in jeopardy." no American will be mis- in an article sent to key Thiesen said The treated as a political prison- newspapers throughout American Legion er or hostage. And that the nation. recommends foreign those who violate this poli- "The United States command of U.S. cy will be held accountable became involved in military forces be and face the full wrath of Somalia's civil war in prohibited, unless the U.S. government.

response to grim pho- Congress grants spe- Thiesen 's letter also rec- tos of starving people. cific approval based ommended establishing a Clearly, we let our on national security Prisoner of War/Missing in compassion dictate and the best interest Action Commission to ensure our foreign policiy and of U.S. troops. aU American POW/MIAs are have placed ourselves Thiesen also urged accounted for, treated proper- on a road to a quag- the President to for- ly and released. mire," Thiesen wrote. mulate "a national "Despite mounting evi- But the humanitari- policy to protect dence of gross governmental A VILE ACT—The body of a U.S. service- an mission has been American forces cap- failures to protect Americans man is dragged ttirough the streets of completed and "our tured during peace- captured in World II, IVIogadistiu by celebrating Somalis. War troops should have keeping or humani- the Cold War, the Korean come home," he said. tarian operations, just War and the Vietnam War, The American Legion foreign command of U.S. as they would be in a we see no evidence that the believes American troops military forces and to pro- declared war. Prisoners of Pentagon will act forthright- should not be used for polit- tect Americans captured by war are protected by the ly to provide a better out- ical purposes, he said, espe- hostile, nongovernmental Geneva Conventions, but come in future conflicts or cially when U.S. national forces. (See Commander's political prisoners or operations," Thiesen said. interests are not at stake. Message, Page 10.) hostages have no such pro- "Indeed, we see the Penta- "The civil war in Soma- "Placing American mili- tections or rights." gon continuing to debunk all lia is a war America does tary forces under foreign He reminded the Presi- criticism and continue its not need, America does not command is inconsistent dent that in March 1993, old, discredited ways." want, and America is not willing to commit sufficient force to win," Thiesen said. Resolutions Support U.S. Troop Protection If the United States wants to serve in peacekeeping and AT THE 75th National Convention in a Prisoner of War/Missing in Action humanitarian operations, Pittsburgh, Legion delegates passed Commission to ensure that all American Thiesen said it must have three resolutions that apply to U.S. POW/MIAs are accounted for, treated "clearly defined goals," involvement in peacekeeping and humani- properly and released from captivity at the which has not been the case tarian operations such as those in Somalia. earliest possible moment. in Somalia. • Res. 170 opposes any plan to have • Res. 121 urges the U.S. government Commander Thiesen U.S. troops placed under foreign com- to take specific steps to obtain the fullest also sent a personal letter to mand, unless approved by Congress. possible accounting for American President Clinton urging • Res. 15 supports the establishment of POW/MIAs. immediate action to curtail

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION — — Legion news

POST PARTNERSHIPS PROVIDE FLOOO RELIEF

HE 75 by the Great Flood members POSTS IN of '93 was Po.st 318 of Post NEED of Parkville, Mo. in Water rose to the T 787 Posts hit by the flooding West that still need your help; Post home's rafters, Point, Calif., call ILLINOIS leaving the inside themselves a small Post 297, Dallas City a wasted, muddy Post, but they're not Post 636, Hardin mess with $50,000 too small to help Post 648, Grafton in damage. Legionnaires who are Post 682, Warsaw "Needless to say, victims of the Post 901 Valmeyer we were totally sum- , mer floods in the Post 1061, Hull wiped out," said Post Midwest. Post 1083, Campsville 318 Commander Post 787, located Post 1971, New Boston Terry Brown. "We in the foothills of the IOWA are in the process of Sierra Mountains in Post 26, Davenport cleaning up after the Northern California, Post 52, Burlington flood and plan to plans to sponsor a Post 60, Des Moines rebuild and reno- dinner with the pro- Post 232, Polk City vate." ceeds going to help Post 41 8, Eddyville Members of Post members of Post 424 Post 620, W. Des Moines 3 1 8 have already in Hartsburg, Mo. MISSOURI been helped by

"Our hearts go out Post 31 8, Parkville generous Posts, to you, and we pray Post 424, Hartsburg such as Post 88 of that soon we will be KANSAS Indianapolis, which able to help in some Post 109, Natoma formed a Post Part- small way," Gerry Post 161, Walthena nership with the Bayless, Post 787's Post 255, Tescott Parkville Post and Auxiliary second vice WATER FULL Flood waters were nine feet above NEBRASKA gave it $1,000. in sidewalk level this of in commander, wrote when photo Post 318 Post 150, Nehawka Another success- a letter that officially Parinille, Mo., was taken on July 30. ful partnership in- formed their Post volves Post 750 of Partnership with the Harts- mous," said Frank French, Post 26 lost all of its Lowell, Ohio, and Post 648 burg Post. Commander of Post 26, office equipment when its of Grafton, 111, which was Even though the Great Davenport, Iowa. "Every- first floor was flooded by 5 damaged by the flood. Post Flood of '93 is out of the thing must be replaced and feet of water. 750 gave the Grafton Post headlines, much help is still nothing could be saved. Because of the extensive $1,600 to help victims with needed. Forming a Post With the kindness and gen- damage of the flooding—45 relief efforts. Partnership is a way your erosity of Legionnaires and dead, more than $10 billion In addition to efforts of Post can provide that help. Auxiliary all over, we will in property damage and tens individual Posts, The Amer- "The clean up is enor- return." of thousands homeless ican Legion's National on-going relief efforts such Emergency Fund (NEF) has as the Post Partnership Pro- been assisting Legionnaires. TO A POST PARTNERSHIP HOW FORM gram is essential to the Some 300 NEF grants total- Midwestemers putting their ing more than $230,000 in the aftermath of the Great Flood of '93, Created lives back together. have been sent by National The American Legion Post Partnership program is "The Post Partnership Headquarters to Legion- designed for Posts, Districts and Departments to help Program is not a short-term naires since the flooding one another in times of disaster. To become a Post effort," said National Com- began. Partner, you should call Wayne Vanover at National mander Bruce Thiesen. Send contributions to: Headquarters, (317) 630-1321. You will be assigned a "We want to be able to help Post that's been affected by the flooding. After con- the flooded Posts get back National Emergency Fund tacting the Post, you will be able to determine how you on their feet and stay on The American Legion can help the Post most. their feet." P.O. Box 6141 Another Post devastated Indianapolis, IN 46206

DECEMBER 1993 43 — Legion News

LEGIONNAIRES LEGION CRITICIZES VA OUTPATIENT CARE IN ACTION UTPATIENT six months. Veterans Affairs commit- Members of Post 84 of care for VA pa- • Tlie Youngstown, Ohio, tees on Sept. 21 that the W. Swanzey, N.H., trans- tients is frag- outpatient clinic, where the Legion supports most provi- port Cheshire County veter- mented, patch- chief of staff resigned sions of President Clinton's o ans to the VA hospital in work and out- because of clinical safety health-care reform. (For White River Junction, Vt. dated, a Legion represen- issues caused by overcrowd- more on Thiesen 's testimo- Post volunteers last year tative told the House Veter- ing and understaffing. ny, see Page 18.) drove more than 150,000 ans Affairs Subcommittee on Legion spokesmen urged In addition to Thiesen, miles in their own vehicles Oversight and Investigations Congress to adopt the provi- other Legion representatives in support of Project 52- in testimony earUer this year. sions of An American presented testimony to Con- Volunteer Transport. The The Legion cited several Legion Proposal to Improve gress outlining the Legion's Post plans to use donations specific examples of VA Veterans Health Care. They position on: to buy a van. facilities that had to reduce said better preventa- Agent Orange. Post 429 of Fitchburg, or restrict outpatient care tive care provided THE Urged Congress to Mass., gave WWI veteran because of the lack of by VA outpatient LEGION support an indepen- IN CONGRESS Carlo Testarmata a certifi- money. These examples clinics could reduce dent study of the cate of appreciation on his include: the number of veter- effects of Agent 100th birthday for 75 years • VAMC at Boise, Idaho, ans who must have emer- Orange. (House Veterans of service to the Legion. whichs had to restrict low gency treatment and hospi- Affairs Committee). Testarmata, born in Italy, income Category A patients talization. VA mental health pro- was discharged from the from receiving outpatient National Commander grams. Supported expand- U.S. Army in 1918. care during the past year; Bruce Thiesen also testified ing eligibility for VA psy- Thanks to a $500-plus • VAMCs in Salt Lake before Congress on behalf chiatric treatment and urged donation from Post 22 of City and Denver, Utah, of the nation's veterans. adequate funding for such Mt. Sterling, Ky., the which limit psychiatric ser- Thiesen told a joint hearing programs. (Senate Veterans Goldwing Squadron of the vices to service-connected of the House and Senate Affairs Committee). local Civil Air Patrol—the patients; U.S. Air Force auxiliary • VAMCs in Phoenix, can buy color guard equip- Prescott, Ariz., and Puerto UTAH ADJUTANT DIES ment. Rico control access to out- Dan Monak, Post 83 of patient care because of DEPARTMENT OF Utah Adjutant Dean Hall died Sandusky, Ohio, and his overcrowding and under- from heart surgery complications in August. Hall, family show patriotism by funding; 67, was appointed Utah's Adjutant in June 1956. A flying the U.S. flag next to • The Orlando, Fla., out- member of Post 33 of Richmond, Utah, with 49 con- their immigrant parents and patient clinic, which is secutive years of membership, he also served in many grandparents' flags. But the staffed for 50,000 outpatient Department and National offices. Monaks' largest flag, a visits, but in 1992, the clinic Hall is survived by his wife, Barbara, and three hanging replica of Old recorded 103,999 visits; children. The family has requested that, instead of Glory made of red, white • VAMC Tampa, Fla., flowers, donations be made to The American Legion and blue garland and lights, where patients have to wait Child Welfare Foundation, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapo- is big and brilliant enough more than six weeks for lis, IN 46206. Messages of condolence can be sent to to slow traffic on nearby routine appointments, and the family at 1037 Tally Ho, Salt Lake City, UT Route 163. in some specialty clinics, 84116. Floyd Camp of Post the wait has been more than 269, Brownfield, Texas, finally has received a Pur- ple Heart for a 1942 shrap- nel wound he received dur- Legion Magazine Wins Freedoms Honor iVIedal ing a Japanese air raid on a THE AMERICAN LEGION magazine sylvania. Written by Managing Editor U.S. military outpost in the has won a 1993 George Washington Miles Z. Epstein, the article was selected Aleutian Islands. Camp had Honor Medal for Excellence in Public for the honor in a national competition to to locate members of the Communications for the article, "POW/ promote responsible citizenship. outpost to get sworn state- MIAs: The Next War," published in "POW/MIAs: The Next War," outlined ments about the injury his March. The medal is awarded by the Free- what America can do to protect because no records of doms Foundation at Valley Forge in Penn- POW/MIAs in future wars. wound existed with the Department of Defense.

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DEER CREEK PRODUCTS, INC., Dept M362 3038 N.W. 25th Ave., Pompano Beach, FL 33069 30 Day Money Back Guarantee. One TV Antenna Booster only $9.95 plus $3.50 shipping and handling. Two TV Antenna Boosters only $18.95 plus $6.00 shipping and handling. Name Address City State Zip 15th FA,. 7th Bn (Vietnam) #22784 76th General Hospital #16149 17th & 18th OCS Bands & Attchd. Fid. 78th Inf. Div. #13318 Units (Miami Beach.FL WWII) #11698 79th Inf. Div., 31 1th FA Bn., A Btry. 17th A/B Div., 681st A/B FA #20779 #16429 20th Engr. Brigade (Vietnam) #22283 79th Inf. Div., 311th FA Bn., B Btry. 22nd Sig. & 70th Sig. TS & BC (Combat (WWII) #11980 This month there are operators may still be able Photog. WWII) #16405 81st Co. NCOC #15673 1058 military reunions list- to provide you with infor- 23rd Spec. Trps. Bn., Heater Co. (ETO, 81st Inf. Div, 322nd Rgt, C Co. "Wildcat WWII) #12868 ed on these pages. Howev- mation. Many units are Div." WWII #10925 24th Inf. Div., 11th FA Bn., Serv. Btry. 82nd A/B Div., 508th Parachute Inf. Rgt. er, VETS has information enrolling daily in VETS. (Korea 1952/53) #11586 Assn (WWII) #16697 24th Inf. Div., 19th Rgt., Med. on more than 10,000 other Operators are on call Co. 83rd Eng. Const. Bn., C Co. (France (1948/51) #11631 1956/58) #14892 reunions. For information Monday through Friday 24th Inf. Div., 21st Rgt., 2nd Bn., 85th AAA Bn., Btry. B (Okinawa, 1951- E,F,G,H Co. (Korea 1950/51) #12095 54) #28440 on reunions for any mili- from 1 p.m. to 9 p.m. 24th Inf. Div., 26th AAA Bn., D Btry. 86th Chem. Mortar Bn. Assn. #16089 tary unit or ship, call Eastern Standard Time; (1952/54) #11470 86th Engr. Const. Bn. (1961/63) #11455 24th Inf. Div., 34th Rgt., 3rd Bn., I,K,L,M 90th Inf Div. Assn. #22982 from noon to 8 p.m. Cen- (900) 737-VETS Cos. (Korea 1950/51) #11154 92nd Ord. MM Co. #22610 tral Standard Time; from 25th Inf. Div., 35th Rgt., Serv. Co. 93rd AFA Bn #15616 (Korea) #12165 93rd Engr. B (Vietnam (900) 737-8387 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Moun- Co. 1967/68) 26th Arty., 108th Arty. Grp., F Btry. #14735 If you know the VETS tain Standard Time; and (Dong Ha, Vietnam) #11224 95th Maint. Ord. Co. #28442 27th Engr. (C) Bn., A Co., 1st Pit. 97th Inf. Div., 322nd Med. Bn. #11668 five-digit number as- from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. (Vietnam 1969) #14844 97th Inf. Div., 386th Rgt., K Co. (WWII) signed to the ship or unit, Pacific Standard Time. 27th FA Rgt. #13169 #15566 27th Ord. Co. (USAREUR) #22153 97th Inf. Div., MP Pltn. (Germany/Japan please give it to the opera- Phone calls cost $1.95 per 28th Inf. Div., 110th Rgt., 2nd Bn., HQ & 1943-46) #12075 tor. The number is printed minute, and the average HQ Co. (1950/52) #16290 97th Sig. Bn. Assn. #16205 31 St/241 St Engr.(C) Bns. (WWII) #16501 98th AAA Bn. (WWII) #22080 immediately after the unit call takes two minutes or 31st Inf. Rgt. Assn. "Polar Bears" 98th Inf. Div., 923rd FA Bn. (WWII) in the magazine. If you less. Proceeds help sup- #16608 #15901 31st Sig. Hvy. Const. Bn. WWII (CBI) 98th Inf. Div. (WWII) #12949 don't know the VETS port various veterans' and China, Burma, India 1942-45 #30031 102nd Engr Co (C.S.) (Vietnam 1965/66) number or haven't seen children's programs and 33rd Inf. Rgt. Combat Team. (Panama #14726 1950/57) #11852 103rd Inf. Div.: 409th Rgt., C Co. the ship or unit listed in services sponsored by The 35th Trans Corps (Australia,New #28401 the magazine, VETS American Legion. Guinea,Philipines 1944/45) #14760 105th Port Marine Maintenance #11862 37th Hospital Train (WWII) #13012 106th AAA, A Co. #28332 39th Combat Engr. (Vietnam) #22094 107th Engr. Rgt. & Bn. Assn. #20043 40th Cav. Recon. Trp. (WWII) #16208 111th FA Bn. (Vmil) #12127 4th Div. Arm'd Arty., 126th Ord. #13202 40th Inf. Div., 160th Rgt., ATC (Anti 126th AAA Gun Bn., HQ Btry. #10221 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 14th AFA, 2nd Bty. Tank Co.) #12076 128th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) #16612 OUTFIT #13194 40th Inf. Div., 160th Rgt., D & H Co. 128th Station Hospital (New Guinea) 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 16th AFA, 1st Bty. (WWII) #16689 #13245 REUNIONS #13195 40th Sig. Const. Bn., B Co. (Germany 143rd Ord. MM Co. (WWII) #14894 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 195th AAA #13200 1952/55) #22079 148th FA Bn. (WWII) #15361 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 197th AFA #13201 43rd Inf. Div., 169th Rgt., H Co. 155th Station Hospital (1942/45) Reunion coordinators can enroll their 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 22nd AFA, 1st Bty. (1950/52) #12120 #14837 units in VETS by sending a self-addressed, #13196 43rd Inf. Div. Vets Assn. Sunbelt 158th Engr. (C) Bn. #14113 stamped envelope to VETS, P.O. Box 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 66th AFA, 1st Bty. Chapter #20030 159th FA Bn, Btry C Korea #12592 10088, Columbia, MO 65205-4000. Unit #13197 44th Inf. Div., 63rd Engr. (C) Bn., B Co. 163rd General Hospital (WWII) #14209 names may be publlstied two times per 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 78th AFA, 2nd Bty. #14044 166th Ord. Tire Repair Co. (WWII) year, upon request. #13198 44th Inf. Div., 63rd Engr. (C) Bn., C Co. #14763 4th Arm'd Div. Arty., 94th AFA, 2nd Bty. & HQ Co. #12034 183rd FA Bn. #13091 #13199 44th Inf. Div., 71st Rgt., Med. Det. 184th Rgt. Assn. (WWII) #20667 Army 4th Arm'd Div. Arty. Reunion #13152 (1941/43) #12067 187th A/B Rgt. Rakkasans Assn., "Rice Inf. Div., 4th 10th Cav. Rgt., 1st Bn., B 45th Inf. Div., 180th RCT, L Co. (Korea Paddy Jumpers" Chapt (WWII,Korea Trp.(Pleiku) (Viet. 1968-69) #13249 1951/52) #12131 #21133 1st Air Cav., 8th Engr. Bn., Co. A (lay 4th Inf. Div. "Ivy" Assn (National) 45th Inf. Div., 189th FA (Korea) #15493 204th Ord. Med. Maint. #22372 Ninh, Vietnam 1969) #14840 #16302 45th Inf. Div., 279th Rgt. (1 946/Present) 207th MP Co. (1941-45) #11531 1st Avn. Bde., 17th Grp., 52nd Avn. (C) 6th Arm'd Div., 25th Arm'd Engr. Bn. #16206 212th MP Co. "Sentry Dogs" (Vietnam) Bn. (All unlts/Atch., Vietnam) #11292 #28410 45th Med. Air Ambul. (Vietnam) #28429 #12810 l3t Inf. D:v., 26th Rgt., 103rd AAA 7th Inf. Div., 49th FA Bn. (Japan/Korea 47th/1 347th Engrs. #15399 217th Gen. Hospital #23082 (WWII) #11355 1950s) #22672 47th Inf. Div.: 9th Arm'd Inf. (Normandy 219th Military Int Det, Bien Hoa, RVN 1st Inf. Div., 4th Cav., 1st Sq. (Viet Nam) 7th Inf. Div. Assn. (Final Salute to Ft. Campaign WWII) #12151 1971/72 #14895 #22670 Ord) #16219 48th Military Govt. HQ & HQ Co. 221st MP Co., SETAF (Vicenza, Italy) 1st Inf. Div., Forward (APO 09137 8th Inf. Div., 13th Rgt., Cannon Co. #14185 #12101 Goeppingen, Ger.) #12130 (WWII) #13031 51st AAA Gun Bn. (Phila.Pa 1952/53) 231st Station Hospital (Wymondham, 1st Inf. Div., Officers 8th Inf. Div., 13th Rgt., D Co. (WWII) #13151 England) 1942-44 #16448 (WWI/WWII/Vietnam/Pers.Gulf) #14780 53rd General Hospital (Eng. WWII) 245th CA AAA Gun & Missile Bns., #15695 8th Inf. Div., 56th FA Bn. (WWII) #13266 #11500 (NYNG Old 13th Reg.) #16178 2nd AAA Grp. Hq Bat. #14714 9th Inf. Div., 34th FA Bn, HO Btry. 54th Med. Air Ambul./54th MCAA 250th AAA S/L Bn. (PTO 1942/46) 2nd Bn., D-41 Btry. (Kahulta HI OA 1954/55 #14899 (Vietnam) #22365 #11835 1942/45 WWII) #12176 9th Inf. Div., 47th Rgt., 4th Bn. C Co. 56th General Hospital #16339 254th Engr. (C) Bn. #23008 2nd Chem. Mortar Bn., POW's (Korea #14889 56th Signal Bn. Assn. #16733 267th Sep. Coast Arty. Bn. #15980 1950/53) #14861 9th Ord. Bn., Special Weapons Support 56th Station Hospital (WWII) #13291 279th Army Band (All Years) #11410 2nd Engr. Bde. (Spec.) #23116 #15585 56th Supply Company, Heavy Metal 280th Engr. (C) Bn. #22866 2nd General Hospital, MP Det. 10th Hospital Train (HMS Prague H-61 Support #13064 285th MP Co. (Baumholder,Ger. (Landstuhl, Germany) #12100 1944-46) #23006 58th & 60th FIS #13127 1967/69) #11300 2nd Inf. Div., 23rd Rgt. #14890 10th Inf. Div., 35th FA Bn. (1945/46) 59th Cripple Div (April 1946 Fort 287th Sig. Co. (1942-1993) #21301 2nd Inf. Div., 38th Rgt., Co., 81st M MM #23021 Snelling MN) #14853 294th JASCO (Omaha Beach WWII) Mortar Pltn. (Korea 1953/54) #11101 10th Inf. Div., 86th Rgt., HQ & HQ Co. 59th Engr. Land Clearing #22183 #11406 2nd Inf. Div., 9th Rgt., A & C Co. #22629 66th Inf. Div., 262nd Rgt., I Co. #13267 327th Ftr. Ctrl. Sq. (555th SAW) #13325 (1940/45) #15799 10th Mtn. Div. Assn. Inc. "Ski Troops of 66th MP Co. (Ft Chaffee Ar 1963/65) 327th Station Hospital #14823 2nd Inf. Div., 9th Rgt., Serv. Co. #28411 WWII" #11179 #12706 334th Ord. Dpt. Co. #16729 3rd Arm'd Div., 32nd A.I.R., 2nd Bn., C 11TH A/B Div., 118th Rgt., E Co. 68th QM Refrig. Co. (WWII) #15418 336th Engr. (C) Bn., Amphib. (ETO Co. (Kirch Goens, Ger. 66/68) #13330 (Parachute & Glider) #21525 68th Sig. Bn., A Co #22096 1942/45) #15721 3rd Arm'd Div., 703rd ID Bn. Assn. 11th A/B Div. Assn. 50th Aniv. 68th Station Hospital #22935 353rd Comm. Recon. #13153 #12028 (1942/58) #14244 70th Inf. Div. #13005 419th Arm'd. FA Bn. #16399 3rd Army - OCS (Seckenheim, Germ.) 11th Ord Field Maint Co 1950/53 71st Sig. Serv. Bn., D Co. (1945/46) 432nd Signal Const. Bn., A & B Co. (CBI 1946 #13289 #12594 #22673 WWII) #14898 3rd FA Tng. Bn., E Btry. (Ft.Sill FARTC 12th Army Group, HQ's (WWII) #28424 73rd Engr (LP) Co. (Vietnam) #14752 438th AAA AW Bn #15071 1952) #20575 14th Avn. Bn., 174th Assault Helicopter 74th CA #28403 442nd Ord. HAM Co. (WWII) #11538 3rd Inf. Div. Western Region Assn. Co #12576 76th Engr. Cons. Bn. (1950/53) #23016 445th AAA AW Bn Vets Assn. (WWII) #16410 14th Engr. Bn. (Quaingtri, Vietnam) 76th Engr. Const. Bn., C Co. (Korea 3rd Signal Co. (WWII) #15227 Please turn page #22229 1950/52) #28423

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION ) ) ) I 1 . COMPARE OUR

VITAMIN PRICES!LIMITLI MIT SIZE PERPE ONE OF ANY COUPON BELOW

MAIL OnOER COUPON I f^^QQNlOe LUCKY HORSESHOE" WATCH 400 i.u. mm 50 DAY SUPPLY I A Great Looking Watch For Him Or Her LVITAMINH One of the superstitions of quartz movement it accu- T CAPSULES ../vn on 100" $1.99 ITEM# the Old West was that an up- rately tells time, date and day ^ EXPIRES 12/31/93 ^ 500-$9.49 1000-$18.49i7602Hj right horseshoe was good on a large easy to set, easy-to- liQQ MAIL ORDER COUPON ' luck. Cowboys swore by it, read digital display. And your 500 MG 60 DAY SUPPLY and you'll swear by this hand- good luck starts now because I some western look watch. this "Lucky Horseshoe" vitaminC 99*'^ With its gold tone cast metal Watch is yours FREE with WITH ROSE HIPS Tnh c^q ITEM* I TABLETS 500-56.29 upright horseshoe and genu- any order. Just check the box EXPIREST2/3V93 1000-$1 1.99 13*86H I ine saddle leather bancf it's a on the I Order Form and add kiiAD . ...AO MAIL ORDER COUPON N106 MAIL ORDER COUPON real beauty. With its precision $1.50 for handling. 99 MG I FREE OFFER ENDS DEC. 31, 1993—MAY NEVER BE REPEATED! item #98354p "TOP-B" B-CQMPLEX 50 POTASSIUM TABLETS zzzzzzxzzz ITEM# I ITEM* 100-S3.S9 11974H 500 FOR $5.00 Compare Ihis jpioa MAIL ORDER COUPOI^ 26002H HERBAL UXATIVE EXPIRES 12/31/93 12/31/93I product to ' 2S0-S7.99 EXPIRES Compare to and Centrum Silver GenDe Reli«l Tlw Nitural Wiy MrAMUCIL® tml, MAIL ORDER COUPON MAIL ORDER COUPON 1 TABLETS I VECEIABLE LAXATIVE I )g ^j,|.„ Multi-Vitamin/Multi-Mineral Supplement especially for 100-$1.39 500-$5.49 1000 MG CALCIDIW, 1 ITEM #22508 IUiaoz. PLAIN $015| Health Conscious Seniors who care atxiut their health. VITAMIN I 13 OZ. ORANGE »*e«H| ( MAGNESIUM, ZINC WITH ROSE HIPS ITEM" 60 TABLETS $3.95 item #27430 SAVEi TABS HERBAL DIURETIC , THREE FOR $8,99! 1-1 90 100 rrtM »g6MH I 1 itno^''^°°" SAVE! 120 TABLETS ONLY $6.90 TABLETS EXP RES 2/31/93 | ITEM# '—'fun 12/31/93, Complete Supplemental Nutrition Support For Mature Adults! Reduces excess Body Water MAIL ORDER COUPON 5uu-»iu.'»3 lasiiHH . * I 100-$1.75 500-$6.50 l000-$20.49 EXPIRES 12/31/931 300-$2.89 600-$4.99|

MAIL ORDER COUPON L ORDER COUPON 200 MCG ITEM #17266 N 1 0R 500 MG. ICHEL/\TED ZINC I SUPER YOHIMBE CHROMIUM PURE LECITHIN GRANULES TABLETS I 1200 I YOU GET POTENT YOHIMBE PICOLINATE Others charge $8.50 A Pound iDfO^ 179 ITEM* LECITHIIM FAT, ^ I BARK AND ITS EXTRACT lOSE THE 1 LB $3,90 3 LB $10.25 I * 29656H 19 GRAIN CAPSULES 250 MGMG1TABLETS I FOR MAXIMUM RESULTS' KEEP THE MUSCIE! ITEM #22808H ^00-$7.25 EXPIRES ITEMt 100 4 ITEM* 12/31/93J FOR O FOR 1 30 m-$4.89l2QQ$8.89 r 22708H 19996H I $9.95/60 $17.95 ITEM #15670 300-$4.49 500-S 6 95 lOO-S 1.40 l EXPiRE^2/31/93| ITEM #29488H I PIRES •> 6Q0- $7.e9 E X 12/31 /93 5oO-Sl2 4i N TEM« 24258 250-S 3.00 f TIME RELEASE E SOO-t 4.75 I N108 MAIL ORDER COUPON I N108 MAIL ORDER COUPON OAT BRAN IS HEALTHY ' 100 MG 1000-t 7,50 ^ 500 100-S 4.M ° HAIR, SKIN & NAILS MG **A NIACIN 250-» S.8> U ITEM* 24308 100-S 2,75 COD LIVER OIL GARLIC OIL The 3 m one formula your 500415.7« C 250-( 4,S0 TABLETS L 250 MG 500 MG CAPSULES 850 MG ITEM* 2«0e 500-t 8.50 CAPSULES [~| body needs for healthy lus- I * " ITEM* 24358 100 OAT BRAN TABLETS trous hair Glowing skin & R N 100 1 29 ITEM* FOR ^ ^9 ITEM* strong nails , FOR 161 32H 500-S3.SS 19534H 100-S1.10 ITEM #21390 S00-$5.39 | 75 Tabs 150 Tabs 1000-S9.M ^EXPIRES„..,-.,„12/31/93 1000-I(.75 EXPIRES 12/31/93 500-$4.75 1000-$8.50 500 MG BEE POLLEN MAIL ORDER COUPON ^^^108"*"-*^"°^"^°^''°** ^8.49 ^5.99 j^^QQ ITEM #24868 1 00-$2.1 9 TABLETS 500-$9.50 1132 MG ITEM #12ia4H BETA CAROTENE ALOE VERA JUICE CRANBERRY CAPS CAPSULES 25.0OOI,U,sOF USABLE VITAMINA! A FRIEND TO URI*m TRKT HEAlTHi ALL NATURAL, NON- GUARANTEED NO ADDED SUGAR. STARCH, AR- 500 MG L-LYSINE 100-$2.29 ITEM* PASTEURIZED COLD TIFICIAL COLORS OR IMITATION FLAVORS! 1 00-$1 TABLETS .98 300-$5.75 250-$4.75 12436H STABILIZED PRDCESS! QT $2.98 GAL. $9.95 ITEM #23208H nEMlH^O 2S0-U.n 16636H EXPIRES 12/31/93 EXPIRES 12/31/93 ITEM # 10756H Sorry. Federal Express© Delivtry Not Available ORDER COUPON I SAVE $$$$$$$ ON OUR HEALTH FORMULAS! N108 MAIL ORDER COUPON ^^1 MAIL ITEIVI # COIVIPARE THESE PRICES WITH THOSE YOU ARE NOW PAYING! I 1000 MCG O 10 PAPAYA ! VITAIHIN Mm' 1/6 #10210 Acidophilus Capsules 100-$2 50 250-$4 95 ENZYME I I TABLETS TABLETS #15208H 260 mg Activated Ctiarcoal Capsules 30-$1 79 100-$3 79 SHARKS.. .Cartilage g»39 250 n 1 26330H I #11806H B HIGH 100 100 mg B-Complex Tablets 50-$3 99 100-$6 FOR FOR has been a dietary source of food 99 IL_J ITEM* 11638H EXPIRES #27304H 50 meg Selenium Tablets tOO-Sl 99 500-$8 99 500 FOR $12.99 EXPIRES 12/31/93,3|J00FC»m»^600 FOR $3.4* touted for its nutritional value. J2^,/£J #12478H Big 4-Kelp/B-6/Lecithin/Cider Vinegar Tablets 100-98C 500-$3 98

SHARKILAGE^ #29278H Ti Gram Brewer s Yeasi Tablets 500-2 59 1000-$3 99 TO ™< YOUR CREdTtTaRD ORDER™" i"i"2»!45m' 750 mg. Capsules. #28522H Thera Mm - Compare to (Ttieragran " 100-$1 99 50C-$7 99 NuUitum. JkaJt^uOi/iitAi. VNUTRITION HEADQUARTERS #16845H Daily W/lron Compare to (One-A-Day w/lron " 100-$1 35 500-$4 75 ) ONE NUTRITION PLAZA. N1G8 30$9.99 ) Money Saving ' Carbondale. IL 62901 #16804H Daily Formula Compare to (One-A-Day " 100-$1 35 500-$4 75 rulAIL ORDER BLANK 60 $17.99/120 $33.99 #14452 Oyster Calcium 250 mg w/Vitamin D 100-$1 49 500-$5 95 V ITEM #27556H > QTY ITEM # SIZE NAME OF PnOOUCT TOTAL PniCE #11218H A-Z Tabs - Compare to (Centrum » 130-$3 89 260--S6 99

^ COLD & FLU Helps increase alertness & 600" ptiysical endurance witfi "CALCIUM MEDICINE WITH VITAMIN 0 TABS NATURAL This safe, effective, Natural EI\ERGI]\™ Same potency as CALTRATE"" 600 + D Homeopaltiic remedy belongs in llie NEW STANDARDIZED GINSENG EXTRACT c^ CHECK HERE FOR FEDERAL EXPRESS© DELIVERY SERVICE. wliich costs $7.39 tor 60 tablets, home of everyone, ready to take at IE YOU LIKE GINSANA0 ADD AN ADDITIONAL $6 00 ($15 00 FOR AK, HLI No Federal YOU LL LOVE ENERGIN" Flu! the first sign of a Cold or Boxes, FPD s (Vl| and (PR) Please 60 FOR 120 FOR 240 FOR E xptess Delivery On PC A PC s. 30 Sof'gels 60 Softgels $3.85 $5.50 $9.75 SHIPPING CHARGE $2 25 100 pills $7.95 $9.99 ITEM#18232H $17.99 »98354P HAIlOLINC CHARGE EOR LUCKY HORSESHOE WATCH SI 50 ITEM #14032 ITEM #16237 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED TOTAL AMOUNT

MASTER CARD VISA and DISCOVER CARD acwpteo Please pfnt card number and6xpiraliond»le on 5«pafBI«p«c«olr>aper THIS MONTH'S SPECIALS ILLINOIS RESIDENTS ADD 1% SALES TAX I Air pollution, cigareile ^moke and FREE Juslcheckhere addSI SOIoihandlingandmailyour SUPER GARLIC ! I I orderOyOec 31,1993.andwellinclu0eyourFREE ' alcohol tonlam Free Radicals that GINKGO BILOBA HORSESHOE PLUS I I CHLOROPHYLL WATCH ' ' Horseshoe Vl/alch with any order These Easy-To-Swallow Pearls" | is being used in many parts Of the To purcfiase additional Horseshoe Watch send only $6 95 each Item #98354A I n^nifu.hi^R.Tk^l^^hTJnnjc k \\im our I I . - contain extract equivalent o( . . wAriH tn the fioht aoainst DfOblems PRINT NAME. ' ' "ANTIOXIDANT FORMULA" I witht, I chio?ooi?vfr^' a^^oaored o^gi^wS^ #24784h .APT _ I item I 24% EXTRACT 60 MG. PER CAPSULE ADDRESS I 100 softgels 200 Softgels

CITY -STATE ZIP . 30 Sottgels-S3.79/60 Soltgels ^6.99 | 30-$6.49 60-$l 1 .49 I «2.25 ,TEM*i9282 / M.OO' ITEMi-rc- #19891Hj.,r,on,Lj . N108 I N108 „ I NlOB PHONE # V>»—•-•»>_>____aJ_a_ Mail Order CoLporis m ( 1993 NUTRITION HEAOOUARTERS, INC. 3

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#15279 Mall, Etretat FR. (1945) #11977 ACORN-44 (WWII) #13264 LSM-337 #13317 484th AAA Bn (CBI) #14751 6817th Spec. Serv. Bn., HQ & HQ Adak, Amchitka, Attu Radio Receivers LSM-423 #12117 488th Engr, LP Co WWII #13860 (1945/46) #13314 (1943/46) #21083 LSMR-401 #13323 496TH AAA GUN. BN. (WWII) #20726 8047th Signal Serv. Det. 2 APC Sailors (WWII) #21750 LST-1076 #13226 503rd MP Bn., B Co. (50th Aniv. WWII) (Sendai,Japan 1950/52) #22060 APL-46 (Tokyo 1945-48) #28355 LST-1175 (York County) #13001 #20856 8125th Sentry Dog Det. #14716 ARGUS-21 (Roi-Namur Surv. 1944, LST-119 (WWII) #11702 503rd Parachute Inf. #28388 8167th Hospital (Japan 1951) #22264 WWII) #13211 LST-120 #18123 505th Med Collecting Co #28402 Aero Med Evac Assn. #14842 Armed Guard: National Reunion (WWII) LST-221 #12007 517th FA Bn. (WWII) #28269 Americal Div., 1st/46thlnf., 196/198 LIB, #17680 LST-223 #10777 522nd Engr. Co. #23009 E Co. or HHC (ChuLai 1968/69 Armed Guard: SS Charles Robinson LST-247 (PTO Iwo-Jima, WWII) #13303 531st MP Bn. (WWII) #20765 #12079 #28435 LST-309 #11375 549th Hvy. Malnt. Ord.Co. (NJ) #11327 Americal Div., 1st/46th lnf.,196th/198th Armed Guard: SS George W. Lively LST-344 (WWII & Viet Nam) #14625 551st FA Bn., A Bat #14862 LIB., A Co. (Vietnam) #16343 (1943/45) #14765 LST-372 #17554 561 St FA Bn. #16587 Americal Div., 26th Engr. Bn. (Hawk Hill, Armed Guard: SS Lynn Boyd #28434 LST-398 #18173 563rd AAA (AW) Bn. (WWII) #14753 Vietnam 1970/71) #12129 Armed Guard: SS Mark Twain #28413 LST-43 #12476 564th AAA AW, B Btry. (WWII) #12055 Antwerp X, Battle of the Buzz Bomb Armed Guard: SS William Phipps LST-447 (WWII) #18128 564th Trans (1968/69) Vietnam #14901 (1944/45, WWII) #12460 #28414 LST-508 #21368 580th Ambulance Company #22947 ASA: 602nd Det. #12126 Base Hospital 15 (Manus Island, Navy LST-511 #14749 601st AAA Gun Bn., Battery B (WWII) Basic Training, Ft. Knox, Ky, Co. E-10-3 3205 1944/46) #17605 LST-571 #22939 #13224 (May 1965) #12090 Base Hospital 6 (New Hebrides) LST-582 #10894 608th O.B.A.M. Bn. (WWII) #20715 Battle of Kham Due (May 10-12, 1968) #13233 LST-611 #21993 620th MP (50th Anniv) #20221 All participants #13210 Base Hospital 9 #18704 LST-668 #18285 624th FA Obser. Bn. #13246 CAC 4th CA Bn., 18th Camp Btry., USS Beach Master Unit 1 - Coronado CA (All LST-682 (WWII) #12198 629th TD Bn. (WWII) #12000 Ringgold (AMPS Panama PTO WWII) hands) #13306 LST-691 (WWII) 44-46 #13185 636th Tank Destroyer Bn. #161 14 #22643 Bedford Springs Radio School - (Co. LST-695 Survivors #22961 645th TD Bn. #15558 CBI War Dog Det. (WWII) #16573 13/1944) #17833 LST-735 (WWII, 1944-46) #13102 673rd FA Bn. Service Batty (1944) Chosin Few (Army Chapter) #16532 Boot Camp, Co. 703 (June 1945) LST-858 AGC-7 (Recomm. ARL-26 Dec. #11417 Chosin Few (Golden Gate Chapter) #12074 1947) #28342 690th FA Bn. (WWII, Korea) #28292 Korea 1950 #14793 CAG-27 #13162 LST-867 #17798 700th QMC (Germany, WWII) #13269 Class C6A: Central Radio School CASU-16 (Tarawa 1943/44) #11278 LST-908 #17639 705th AAA Gun Bn., B Btry. (Okinawa (Kansas City 1943) #12081 CASU-F-47 (WWII) #22073 LST-919#14748 1950/54) #14795 GENED(Gen. Eng. Dist.) HQ, (Manila CBMU-512 #18661 LST Assn. (MN Chapter Inc CG) #28341 707th AAA Gun Bn. (1951/53) #16318 1945-46) #12085 CBMU-544 #14712 LST Flottilla #25: Staff (WWII) #28305 713th Engr. Dpt. #28441 Graves Registration (ETO WWII) CBMU-618#13304 MCB-71 (Vietnam, 1966-70) #13189 716th MP (Vietnam) #14163 #12168 CINCPAC Staff (Marines/Army/Navy) Mine Assembly Base, West Loch TH 726th Amph. Tractor Bn. - (WWII) HHC, 13th C.A.B. (Can tho Vietnam #11638 (Hawaii 1940-46) #21094

#15873 1971-71) #12096 Comm. Grp. 1165N (Engebi Isl.) WWII Mine Squadron 1 & 2 #13187 728th Railway Oper. Bn. WWII #15693 HHC, SACom (Munich, Germany #13322 Mog Mog Island - Ulithi Atoll - 1945 751st AAA Gun Bn., B Btry. (WWII) 1960/63) #12723 Comm. Unit 8 (Roi-Namur Surv. WWII) #13217

#14762 I Corps, Sig. Sect.: HQ (Korea) #22316 #13300 NAS Corpus Christi #12077

758th Railway Shop Bn. #13253 II Corps HQ, II Dir. Air Spt. Ctr., Advis. ComPhibRon-11 #14499 NAS Corpus Christi: A & R Hanger 4-4 762nd FA Bn., Med. Det. #28395 Tm. 21 (Pleiku, Vn 1966/67) #16806 COMSOPAC Communications (New (TX 1942/45) #12154 763rd FA Bn., Sv. Brty.(Ft Jackson- Lodge Bills (All Branches USA,incl.10th Caledonia) #22110 NAS Maui, Territory of Hawaii #1 1 31 1944; ETO-1945) #11411 &77th SFG) #11333 CRU DIV-12, USS NAS North Island, Sup. Div. (1950/57) 764th FA Bn., Sv. Btry.(ETO-1945; LT-454 Tug (ATC-Los Angeles, Manila, Cleveland/Columbia/Montpelier/Denv #12444 Cp.Hood 1945-46) #11412 Cairns, Sydney 1945) #12128 er #18068 NAS Pensacola A&R shops (1943/46) 773rd TD Assn. #15680 OCS Bty. G (Ft Sill 1966) #12694 Cruisers CL-1 To CL-13 #30115 #22728 776th AAA AW Bn., B Btry. #12162 OCS Class 23 TIS (11942) #12092 CVG-52(WWII) #13257 NAS (Sanford, FL) #13316 785th MP Bn., B Co. #20892 OCS Class 2-65 (Ft Sill) #12698 DESDIV 59-60: USS Dupont/ Bernadou/ NCB & Commun. Unit ,Balikpapan 788th AA Bn., HQ Btry. (WWII) #12118 OCS Class 33, Ft. Riley #14043 Ellis/ Cole/ Dallas #18358 Borneo (1945) #11971 788th FA Bn. Service Battery. #14893 OCS Class 33, TIS, Ft. Benning, GA Drew Salvage (Cherberg, LeHarve) NOB, ADAK (1950-52) #13324 790th Railway Opr. Bn. (Inchon, Korea #14079 #13326 NSA: Natnl. Security Assn. Comm. 1945/47) #12050 OCS Class 4-65 (Ft Sill) #12699 Escort Repair Base Trinidad (1942/45) Tech. (Korea) DO NOT REPRINT!!! 799th MP Co. (WWII) #13170 OCS Class 6-65 #12700 #12102 #21607 801st MAES (Japan and Korea, 1951- OCS Class 8-65 (Ft Sill) #12701 FARFAN Radio-Panama Canal Zone NTC Bainbridge: Co. 4717 (1947) 53) #13167 Ord Overseas Maintenance & Sub. Base (1947/52) #22385 #14781 802nd Engr. Assn. #15223 Modification Det (Kangaroo) #14724 Fleet Hospital 108 (MOB-8 & BEV-56) NTC San Diego: Boot Camp Co. 792 803rd Engineer Batallion (1957-58) Osaka Army Hospital #13173 Guadalcanal (WWII) #17723 (1951) #13287 #13158 Otter U-1A & Caribou CV-2B Assn. Fleet Marine Force Grunt Corpsmen NTS Bainbridge: Co. 4701 (1946-47) 803rd Engr. Avn. Bn. #16630 #14790 #22545 #12104 804th Eng. Avn. Bn. #11805 Retired Army Nurse Corps Assn. Fleet Post Office 926 (Guam, 1944-46) NTS Farragut Radiomen (3/15/45) 807th Engr. Avn. Bn. (Ladd AFB, AK) #16624 #13244 #13085 #14161 Signal Corps OCS Classes, Ft.Gordon, Fleet Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn. (Navy & NTS, Great Lakes, Co. 29-33 (1939 Fall) 815th Tank Destroyer Bn., HQ Co. GA (Vietnam 1965/68) #22594 CG) #17684 #13311 (WWII) #13313 /STP/BTC, 5th Rgt., 2nd Co. (Ft Benning FPO 926 (Guam 1944/46) #12786 Nuke Sub Workers & Navy Divers 842nd AAA AW Bn., A,B,C,D and HQ 1944) #11422 HAL-3 Seawolves (Vietnam Seals #14797 Co. (WWII) #18700 STRATCOM 4/L Bn. (Korea) #22124 included) #18412 Omaha Class Ships (CL) #16730 843rd Sig. Serv. Bn., Sig. Corp. #13218 US Constabulary Assn. (1946/52) Helicopter Reunion VX-3, HU-1, HU-2 P2V Neptune Pilots & Crew Assn. 860th QM Fumigation & Bath Co. #18709 (and all Descendant Sqs.) #18572 #11749 #14159 WAC: Detachment, Ft.Sill FA School, Hospital Corpsmen, Amer. Assn. of Patrol Frigate Assn. (All 102 Ships) 861st Eng Avn Bn WWII #12591 85th WAAC Post, HQ Co. (1943) (AAONHC) #13123 #28325 894th TD Bn #20992 #11682 Inshore Undersea Warfare Group 1 Patrol Sq. 892 #14891 896th AW Bn. #28404 XIV Corps, 669th TOPO Engr. #22284 (IUWG-1) #22085 PC-1168 #12171 951st FA Bn. #13090 LCI-396 #12471 PC-1 210 #14870 981st MP Co. "Sentry Dogs" (Vietnam) LCI-677 #11365 PC-1217 (Crew) #12137 #12811 LCI (G) 451 #13155 PC-311 (1945/46) #14872 1262nd MP Co (Germany 1946/48) Navy LCI (L) 1-5,8- PC-464 #12008 #14764 1 6,32,33,35,75,1 93,209,21 1 - PC-542 #18500 1269th Engr. (C) Bn. (ETO WWII) 7th Fleet: Flag Utility Unit #13220 21 9,229,231 ,232,238 #1 1 232 PC-569 #12116 #13056 8th NCB Spec. (Aleutians) #17394 LCI (L) 228 (WWII) #28438 PC-580 #12021 1280th Combat Engr Bn., A Co. (WWII) 9th Naval Dist. Civil Readjustment LCI (L) 343 (WWII) #28437 PC-588 (WWII) #12094 #11676 Office (Chicago-Post WWII) #15198 LCI (L)443 #21686 PCE-894 (1945/46) #13214 1299th/1 300th Eng (C) Bn. Co. B, 4th gth NCB (WWII) #18568 LCI (L) 526 & 39 #14555 PCER-851, USS Rockville, EPCER-851 Army (WWII) #28331 10th NCB #14755 LCI (L) 601 WWII #14906 (WWII) #13292 1468th Engr. Maint. (WWII) #22240 24th NCB #28382 LCI (L) 969 #11357 Port Lyautey Alumni Assn. (MCB-4, 1906th Engr. Avn. Bn. #15985 27th NCB (Okinowa 1945) #14802 LCI (M) 740 #21799 MCB-8) #17207 3232nd QMC (Iran, WWII) #13268 43rd NCB: Attchd. to 1st & 10th Marines LCI National Assn. (#1 thru #1098) Radioman Class, Sections 141-142 3255th Sig. Svc. Co. #12771 (PTO,Japan 1945) #12072 #21615 (Farragut ID, 1945) #12881 3287th QM, Sv. Sq. (N Africa, Sicily, 101st NCB #18278 LCI (R) 337 #18665 Rescue Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn. #14736 Italy, Germany 1943/45) #12097 103rd NCB, B Co. (Guam 1952/53) LCT-5 (FLOT-10, Gr. 29, AATB Bizirte, RTC Great Lakes: Camp Green Bay 3340 Sig. Sv. Bn. (China, India) #12064 #14876 Tunisia) #13216 27th Rgt., Co. 1408 (1944) #13011 3344th QM Truck Co. #12115 109th NCB (Roi-Namur Surv. 1944 LCT-710 #16309 RTC Great Lakes: Triple Threat (all 3749th QM Trk. Co. (PTO 1944/46) WWII) #13301 LCT-855 #12735 eras) #13234 #12066 129th NCB (WWII) #13302 LCT-962 (1944/45) #11945 RTC San Diego: Co. 308 (1969) #11366 4011 Sig. Sv. Bn. (China, India) #12063 316th TCG (WWII, Korea) #13320 LSM-13 #13299 RTC San Diego: Co. 399 (1952) #12103

6816th O/H Staging Det.: Camp Pall ACORN-ig (Philliplnes WWII) #11898 LSM-316 #28333 Please turn page

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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* *VETS* *

Salvage Ship Sailors Nat'l Assn (CG USS Colahan DD-658 (WWII) #17896 USS George F. Elliott AP-105 #12135 #13120 Incl.) #14739 USS Cole DD-155 #12259 USS Golden City AP-169 #12018 USS Montour APA-1 01 #14722 SC-751 #21073 USS Colhoun DD-801 (WWII) #17626 USS Goodhue APA-1 07 (50th Annv of USS Montpelier CL-57/SSN-765 (Nat'l Ship Repair Unit Kodiak, AK.(1951-52) USS Conserver ARS-39 #14652 Commish.) #18239 Assn.) #17788 #30097 USS Cree ATF-84 (1950/52) #14863 USS Goshen APA-1 08 #18373 USS Nelson DD-623 #28280 SLCU-34 (UllthI Isl. WWII) #11921 USS Cronin DE-704/DEC-704 #22730 USS Gosper APA-1 70 #18670 USS Newberry APA-1 58 #12598 SST-1 SST-2, DR-3 (T Boat , & USS Cumberland Sound AV-17 USS Graffins (WWII) #30112 USS New Hanover AKA-73 (Ship Co. & Submarines) #18466 (1944/45) #22509 USS Grand Canyon AD-28 #17886 Amphib. Crews, 1944-46) #13208 Tophatters (VB-4, VS/VB-41, VA-1A, VA- USS Dade APA-g9 #28316 USS Grimes APA-1 72 #11978 USS Noa DD-841/343 #22092 14) #22097 USS Dallas DD-199 #12260 USS Guardfish SS-217 (01/24/1945) USS Norris DD-859/DDE-859 #21313 USNAB Radio Transmitter Sta. LeHavre, USS Darter (SS-576) DFA Sub. #13277 #12174 USS Oahu ARG-5 (Liberty Ship, PTO France (1944/45) #11989 USS DeHaven DD-469/727 #18597 USS Halibut (SSN-587) #13238 WWII) #28348 DSN Ammunition Dpt. 3149 (Samar, PI) USS Dent APD-9#21167 USS Halsey Powell DD-686 #13029 USS Oberrender DE-344 #28317 #14742 USS Dextrous AM-341 (WWII,KOREA) USS Hamlin AV-15 (WWII) #20585 USS Oconto APA-1 87 (Western) #13024 US Naval Group China (SACO) #10521 #20408 USS Hampton APA-1 15 #13799 USS Odax SS-484 #11271 USN Frigate Sailors (All FF's & FFG's) USS Dickens APA-1 61 (WWII) #11215 USS Hancock CV/CVA-19 Assn. #11031 USS Ogden LPD-5 #13054 #14848 USS Dickens (APA-161) (WWII) #13060 USS Harry E. Hubbard DD-748 #18226 USS Oglethorpe AKA-100 (All Years) USN Hospital Memphis TN (1945 Purple USS Diodon (SS-349) #13239 USS Harry Lee APA-10 (WWII) #22586 #22139 Heart Persons) #14782 USS Doyen APA-1 (1943/46) #18686 USS Harter (SS-568) DFA Sub. #13278 USS Oklahoma BB-37 Assn #17830 USS Abercrombie DE-343 (WWII) USS Drew APA-1 62 #18574 USS Haynsworth DD-700 #21467 USS Oneida APA-221 #14565 #11092 USS Drexler DD-741 #18385 USS Hector AR-7 #18267 USS Orleck DD-886 Assn. #22539 USS Achernar AKA-53 Assn. #28421 USS Duncan DD-485 #12305 USS Henrico APA-45 #17584 USS Owen (DD-536) #13240 USS Ajax AR-6 #14500 USS Dunlap DD-384 #18002 USS Holland AS-3 (WWII) #18122 USS Parsons DD-949 #11598 USS Alameda Co. AVB-1 #11305 USS Dupont DD-152 #12257 USS Holt DE-706 #17652 USS Pasadena CL-65 (Inc. Mar.) 50th USS Alaska CB-1 #17891 USS Durham LKA-114 #12595 USS Hope AH-7/215th Hospital Ship Anniv #10608 USS Albany Assn. CL-23/CA-123/CG- USS Effingham (APA-1 65) #13243 Compl. #17810 USS Patapsco AOG-I & USS Conserver 10/SSN-753 & Marines #10176 USS Elkhart APA-80 #13305 USS Hopkins DMS-13 #14852 ARS-39 #17445 USS Alcor AK-259 (Korea to Present) USS Ellis DD-154 #12258 USS Horace A. Bass APD-124 #18679 USS Pennsylvania BB-38 Assn #12892 USS Elokomin AO-55 #17467 USS Hubbard DE-211/APD-53 (Officers,Crew,Mar) #17778 USS Alex Diachenko APD-123 #13124 USS Endymlon ARL-9 #10956 (1944/46) #30107 USS Peter H. Barnett APA-5 Assn USS Allen M. Sumner DD-692 #17980 USS English DD-696 #17651 USS Hugh Purvis DD-709 #18610 #11696 USS Alshain AKA-55 (1944/46) #11309 USS Enright DE-216, APD-66 (WWII) USS Hyde APA-1 73 #13272 USS Phantom AM-273 #14866 USS Antaeus AS-21 #10845 #13213 USS Independence CV-62/CVA-62 & Air USS Phelps DD-360 #18167 USS ARD-12#14905 USS Enterprise CV-6: Band 51 Members Wings #17567 USS Point Defience LSD-31 #12663 USS ARD-21 #14642 Only. #14690 USS Ingraham DD-694/FFG-61 #11203 USS Preble (DLG-15/DDG-46) #21522 USS Argonaut SS-475 #13236 USS Extractor ARS-15 (01/24/1945) USS Irwin DD-794 Assn. #10482 USS President Polk AP-103 #12172 USS Arkansas BB-33 (Marines #12173 USS Izard DD-589 #21163 USS Preston DD-795 #18446 included) #17774 USS Fechteler DE-157/USS Laning DE- USS J. Franklin Bell AP-34/APA-16 USS Princeton Assn. CV-37/LPH-5 (E USS Ashtabula AO-51 (1949/56) #21696 159 #17768 (WWII) #22543 Coast Chptr) #12727 USS Aspro SS-309/SSN-648 #21152 USS Fon DuLac APA-1 66 #14859 USS J. Fred Talbot DD-156/AG-81 USS Pykope PYC-17 #13298 USS ATR-1 (1943-45) #13275 USS Foud DuLac (APA-1 66) #13188 #18672 USS Quapaw ATF-1 10 50th Anniv. USS ATR-3 (Normandy Invasion) USS Fox CG-33 #23014 USS John Paul Jones Assn. DD- Assn. #21242 #22089 USS Francis Marion "R" Division (1968- 230/DD-932/DDG-32 #1 1231 USS Quillback SS-424 #21246 USS ATR-74 #23004 72) #13229 USS John R. Craig DD-885 #18194 USS Rainier AE-5 #18272 USS Aucilla AO-56 Assn. #18676 USS Franklin D. Roosevelt CV-42 + Air USS John R. Perry DE-1034 (Key West USS Raleigh CL-7 Assn. #17744 USS Barataria AVP-33 #21949 Wings & Marines #17996 FL, Cuban Msl. Crisis 1962) #28364 USS Ranger CV/CVA-61 Assn (1957-93) USS Barrow PA-61 (1945/46) #22206 USS Fresno CL-121 #22844 USS Joseph M. Auman APD-117 #17742 USS Bayfield APA-33 #21196 USS Gage APA-1 68 #1 4545 #11372 USS Ranier AE-5 #20212 USS Bellatrix, AKA-3 (WWII) #13097 USS Gardiners Bay AVP-39 (1945/57) USS Josephus Daniels CG-27 (All USS Regulus AF-57 #17856 USS Belleau Wood CVL-24 & Attchd Air #12984 Years) #12060 USS Renville APA-227 #22306 Grps #18503 USS Garfield Thomas DE-193 #22812 USS Jupiter AK-43 (SLCU-26) #23025 USS Rich DDE-820/DE-695/DD-820 USS Belle Grove LSD-2 (50TH ANIV.) USS General C. C. Ballou (AP-157) USS Kalinin Bay CVE-68 & VC-3 #18465 #11396 #17495 #10822 USS Kankakee AO-39 #18060 USS Rockbridge APA-228 #18141 USS Benham DD-796 (Plank owners, USS General J.C. Breckenridge AP-176 USS Kendall C Campbell DE-443 USS Rockwall APA-230 #23070 WWII) #13254 (1945-48) #13286 #18702 USS Roi CVE-103, 1st Div. (WWII) USS Bennington (CVS-20) #13237 USS Genesee AOG-8 #21482 USS Kenmore AP-162/AK-221 (WWII #21637 USS Bernadou DD-153 #18424 Pacific Theater) #13160 USS Rolf DE-362 #10946 USS Betelgeuse AK-260 #14676 USS Kenneth Whiting AV-14 (1943/58) USS Rudyerd Bay CVE-81, VC-77 & VC- USS Biddle DD-151 #12272 #22230 96 Sqs. #18336 USS Biloxi CL-80 #21200 For free help in arranging travel USS Killen DD-593 #14698 USS Safeguard ARS-25 #12670 USS Blakeley DD-150 #12271 and lodging for reunions and USS Kishwaukie AO-G9 #22033 USS San Carlos AVP-51 (S. Pac. USS Block Island Association #28294 other occasions, call: USS Lake DE- #12152 1944/46) #12023 USS Bon Homme Richard CV-31 Mar. USS Lassen AE-3 #12024 USS Sands DD-243/APD-1 3 #18494 Del. Only (1944/45) #21759 USS Lawrence DD-250 (1944/45) USS San Saba APA-232 #18586 USS Booth DE-170 (1943/45) #11556 ymSTRAVEL #11828 USS Scania AKA-40 #10835 USS Botetourt APA-136 (All Years) USS Leahy DLG-16 #28385 USS Schuylkill AO-76 #17529 #11615 (800)4US-VETS USS Lenawee APA-1 95 (Korea 1950/55) USS Sea Fox SS-402 #12027 USS Boyle DD-600 #21697 (800)487-8387 #11249 USS Sebec AO-87, USS Pamanset, USS USS Bradley DE-1041 (1968/75) #21751 USS Leonard Wood APA-1 2 (CG Tomahawk, USS Mississinawa WEEKDAYS, 9AM-5PM CST USS Breckinridge DD-148 #12273 Included) #20979 #12604 USS Briscoe APA-65 #17878 USS Leyte CVS-32 #14730 USS Shadwell (LSD-15) #13221 •Free, specialized USS Buck DD-761 #30002 USS Luiseno ATF-1 56 #1 21 1 USS Shasta AE-6 (1953/55) #22572 service for veterans. USS Buck DD-761 (1951/55) #13288 USS Macon CA-132 #11212 USS Shelldrake AM-62 (1944/47) USS Caldwell DD-605 #13792 •Lowest U.S. air fares USS Mahan DD-364/DLG-11/DDG-42 #11834 USS California BB-44 Assn. (& •Discount lodging Assn. #18312 USS Shubrick DD-639 (WWII) #17881 Attchd. Marines) #17526 USS Manley DD-940 (1959-62) #13222 USS Sidonia AKA-42 #21457 USS Cambria APA-36 #13027 USS Mariano G. Vallejo (SSBN 658) USS Sierra AD-18 #17501 MilSTRAVEL, a new service USS Carteret APA-70 #11634 #11933 USS Sirius AK-15 (Iraquois Pt./ Pearl from VETS, negotiates the buy- USS Cascade AD-16 #12142 USS Maumee AO-2 (1942/43) #11701 Harbor, HI) #14798 USS Castor AKS-1 #11204 ing power of over 10,000 nnili- USS McComb DD-458/DMS-23 (WWII) USS Skagit AKA-105 #17395 USS Catfish SS-339 #12596 tary reunion groups with airlines #13119 USS Smalley DD-565 (WWII/Korea) USS Catskill LSV-1 #18305 and hotels directly to get veter- USS Mellette AP-156 (WWII - Decomm.) #17959 USS Cebu ARG-6 #21636 ans and their families the lowest #23051 USS Snowden DE-246 #30076 USS Charles E. Brannon DE-446 (WWII) rates possible. USS Memphis CL-13 #30114 USS Sperry AS-12 (PTO 1942/45) #28387 USS Menelaus ARL/AVS-13 (Med. #11866 USS Charles P. Cecil DDR-835 #13046 Cruise Spikefish #13122 WE ARE SCHEDULING WWII 1953/55) #28272 USS SS-404 USS Charles R. Ware DD-865 #17701 USS Menifee APA-202 (1944/46) WWII & USS Steele DE-8 #13252 USS Charles S. Sperry DD-697 Assn. Korea #11861 USS Steinaker DD-863 #13108 #18038 BACK TO EUROPE, USS Meredith DD-434/USS Vireo ATO- USS Sterett DD-407 #17664 USS Charleston PG-51 (All Hands, 144 #22143 USS Stormes DD-780 #13110 1936/46) #21027 ENGLAND & FRANCE USS Merganser AMS-26 Crews (Korea, USS Stormes DD-780/Warrington DD- USS Circe (AKA-25) #13276 REUNION TRIPS! 1950-54) #13227 843/Vogelgesang DD-862/Steinaker USS Clarence L. Evans, DE-113 (1944- USS Midway CV-41 Assn. #22734 DD-8 #17714 45) WWII #13182 Call Us Now for Special USS Milwaukee CL-5 #10003 USS St Paul CA-73 Assn.(lncl. Marines), USS Cobbler SS-344 #13033 USS Molala ATF-1 06 #11394 "The Fighting Saint" #10548 Prices For All Veterans! USS Cochino SS-345 #13032 Monterey (CVL-26) Air Groups USS & Please turn page

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Lackland AFB Worldwide Softball 347th AAFBU, HQ & HQ Sq.A USS Talbot (FFG-4) #13242 #13098 Champs (1952 & 1954) #13297 (Birmingham AB, Key Field, 3rd AF) USS Tang (SS-563) DFA Sub. #13281 7th AF "Scatbacks" Pilots and Miyako Jima A Sta. (1962/63) #11808 #12724 USS Tanner AGS-15 #14427 Mechanics #13230 Pleiku AB Assn. (7th AF: 6330 Spec. 349th Trp. Carrier USS Tate AKA-70 #12035 8th AF:Hist.Soc. (Penn. Chptr.) #14737 Op. Wg.-VN) #15100 Grp.;HQ,23rd,31 1 th,31 2th,31 3th,31 4th USS Tatoosh YAG-1 (1942/45) #28377 8th Tac. Ftr. Wing, Avionics Malnt. Sq. SAC/PACCS/ACCS - Crews & Battle Sqs. #16847 USS Thomas E. Fraser (DM-24) #13284 (UBON) #13774 Staff, Comm. #13283 376th Bomb Grp, 515th Sq. #28419 USS Thuban AKA-19 #22702 9th AF Assn. Inc. (AAF/AF) USAFE Dl Organization, Schierstein 376th Serv. Sq. #12158 USS Tinsman DE-589 #17668 1942/Present #10800 Sleuths #14733 382nd Bomb Grp, 536/537/538/539th USS Tombigbee AOG-11 #11919 9th Bomb Wing, 1st, 5th & 99th Sq. Bomb Sqs (WWII) #16985 USS Trapper ACM-9 (WWII) #22997 (1951/55) #11340 401st Bomb. Grp. (H) Assn. #15137 USS Trigger (SS-564) DFA Sub. #13280 10th AF (Richards-Gebaur AFB) #15202 413th Ftr. Grp., 34th Ftr. Sq. #18696 USS Trout (SS-566) DFA Sub. #13279 11th AF Assoc./Americans Home from Army Air Force 416th Bomb Group (WWII) #28422 USS Truckee AO-147 Plank Owners Siberia (WWII) #13065 432nd Sig. Const. Bn. #14776 Assn. #11301 1 1th Air Force Assn. (Including AAF) 2nd AARU(F) 50th Anniv #12006 433rd TC Grp., 67th TC Sq. (WWII, USS Trutta SS-421 #13103 #15074 4th Ferrying Grp., ATC: Nashville & 1942-45) 5th AF #14854 USS Tucker DD-374 Survivors #15276 13th Ftr. Intcpt. Sq. #11405 Memphis (WWII) #13061 433rd TC Grp., 68th TC Sq. (WWII, USS Turner Joy DD-951 #22995 26th Bomb Sqdn., Altus AFB (1957-68) 5th AF: 433rd TC Grp., 67/68/69/70th TC 1942-45) 5th AF #22576 USS Tusk SS-426 #13034 #11673 Sq. (1942/45) #13312 433rd TC Grp., 69th TC Sq. (WWII, USS Twining DD-540 (1943/71) #18325 28th Bomb Sq. (B-29 CD Okinawa, 5th Aircraft Repair Unit (F) #12221 1942/45) 5th AF #22796 USS Umpqua ATA-209 #17330 Korean War) #21639 5th Army Aircraft Repair Unit (Floating) 433rd TC Grp., 70th TC Sq. (WWII, USS Uvalde AKA-88 (1944/68) #18396 36th Air Dpt. Sq./ A.K.A. 36th Munitions 50th Anniv #21715 1942-45) 5th AF #12530 USS Vesole DD-878 (1945/76) #10041 Maint. Sq. #12161 5th Bomb Grp.(H), 394th Bomb Sq./4th 448th Bmb. Grp., 712th Ord. Sq. USS Vogelgesang DD-862 #13109 36th Air Police Sq. (Germany, 1948/53) Reconnaissance Sq., 13th AF(WWII) (Norwich 1943/45) #28446 USS Vulcan AR-5 (1943/46) #10779 #12504 #14291 449th Bomb Grp. (WWII) #15131 USS Wahoo (SS-565) DFA Sub. #13282 51st Ftr Gp Vets (Korea) #14900 5th Bomb Grp.(H), 72nd Bomb Sq., 13th 453rd Army Air Corp Band #13228 USS Waike DD-723 #18324 55TH Strat. Recon. Wing (M) 14th Air AF (WWII) #14279 460th Bomb Grp. Assn. #16900 USS Warrington DD-30/DD-383/DD-843 Postal Unit #21448 5th Recon. Grp., 32nd Photo Sq. 482nd Bomb Sq., Crew of B-29 #17997 70th Air Refueling Sq. #11404 (1942/44) #14800 "Bainbridge Belle" (Tinian Isl. USS Wedderburn DD-684 (1951/52) 82nd Bomb Grp., 327th Bomb Sq. 6th AF: HQ & HQ Sq., 406th Sig. Avn. 1944/45) #30128 #12201 (1951/54) #11747 (Panama 1945/46) #12065 509th Comp. Bomb Grp. (SP), 1395th USS Whitley AKA-91 (1944-54) #21967 92nd Bomb Wing., 3920th Combat 7th AF: "Brief Magazine Staff (Hickam MP Avn. Co. #12177 USS Wlllard Keith DD-775 (WWII) Support Gp. (SAC) #14881 Fld.,HIWWII) #30132 596th Strat. Air Wing Bn., A Co. #12164 #22302 303rd Bomb Grp. (H) #22625 7th Bomb Grp., 436th Bomb Sq. (CBI) 877th Sig. Co., 16th ADG #22353 USS Wisconsin BB-64 #18475 306th Bomb Grp. #22318 #23029 919th Engr. Avn. Maint. (SCAWAF) USS W.L. Lind DD-703 (All Personnel 307th Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. "The Long 7th Tech. Sch. Sq., Barracks 1456 #10510 1944/74) #11850 Rangers" #13047 (Truax Field 1943/44) #22511 1073rd Sig. Co. (WWII) #16997 USS Wren DD-568 (1944-63) #11223 307th Bomb Wing B-47/KC-97 Assn 8th AF: Historical Society (Missouri 1124th Gunnery School (Hickam Fld,HI USS Yakutat AVP-32 #20464 #12947 Chapt.) #12180 1943/44) #30133 USS Yorktown CV-10: All Ship's Co. 40gth Bomb Group Assn #22758 8th AF: Hist. Society (NJ Chapt.) 1130th Avn. MP Co. (WWII) #28439 Assn. (1943/70) #10821 417th Ftr.Bomb Sq. (Hahn AFB 1953/56) #16834 1252th AAF Base Unit, Casablanca USS Yorktown CVS-10 Chapt. of #11382 8th AF: HQ Comand, 417th Sig. Bn 1944/45 (Flying Personnel) #14855 Yorktown Assn. #1 1792 449th Bomb Group (H) (WWII - Italy) #12110 1304th Bengal Wing (CBI/Barrackpore, USS Yosemite AD-19 Assn #17709 "Flying Horsemen" 15th Air Force 16th Weather Sq. & 8th Weather Sq. India) #22858 VA-66 (1960-63) #13270 #10650 #11364 1403rd AAF Base Unit, Members of ATC VA/VFA-146 "Blue Diamond" Officers 502nd Tact. Ctl. Grp. - 605th HQ Sq., 17th Tow Target Sq. (Wheeler Fid (Preswick, Scotland) #28396 (All Eras) #12432 606th, 607th & 608th AC/W Sq. 1944/45) #30134 1905th & ig06th Ord. Amm. Co. (Avn.) VB-98 (1943/44) #12222 #13225 20th Air Dpt. Supply Sq. (Telergma, #13232 VB-98/VC-25 (1943/44) #28399 511th AC&W, Site 34 (Shiriya Saki) Algeria/Naples, Italy WWII) #15020 3718th Sq., Fit. 3405 (Air Trng. VC-42 #17319 #23018 20th Ftr. Grp. Assn.: 97th Serv. Grp. Cmnd./Lackland AFB 1948) #12040 VC-5 Navy Heavy Attack Sq. Five 531st Tac. Ftr. Sq. (Bien Hoa 1968/69) #21435 4951st Spt. Sq. (T) (Eniwetok Atoll, #13315 #10921 24th Air Depot Grp. APO-246 (Guam 1959/61) #12887 VC-6 Navy Sq. (WWII) #13251 556th Strategic Missile Sq. #12572 1944/45) #22930 Avn. Cadet Class 45-D #13290 VC-70 #15043 623rd AC & W Sq. Det. 1 (Naha, 40th Comm. Sq. #13256 Cadet Class 43-E #12088 VC-92 Squadron #13157 Okinawa/All Yrs.) #11471 42nd Bomb Grp. (M), 100th Sq. #22666 Cadet Pilot Class 44-J VF-24 & VT-24 (1953 USS Yorktown 623rd AC & W Sq. (Okinawa-1 953/54) 42nd Bomb (H) Sq. (WWII) #22795 (Tulare/Merced/Pecos 1944) #30013 Cruis) #10357 #22831 48th Ftr. Grp., 493rd Ftr. Sq. #20843 Cadets - Birmingham (College Training VF-53/VF-141 "Iron Angels" #18656 744th AC&W (Alaska 1953-55) #11864 50th College Training Det., Middle GA Det, 1944) #16820 VF-(N)-52 (WWII) #21713 762nd Radar Sq. (Clark Air Base & N. College (1944) #28370 Class 44-6 (Curtlaud Field) #13321 VF-(N)-90 (USS Enterprise CV-6 1944- Truro) #14904 54th Air Disarmament Sq. (Lechfeld Herington AAFB, 406th Sub Depot 45) #23001 825th (C) Def. Sq., "Hard Chargers" Germany WWII) #14796 (Herington KS WWII) #12166 VH-6 Air Sea Rescue Sq. Assn. (1945) Assn. (Little Rock AFB) #30052 54th TC Wing, HQ; 374th TC Gp Kelly Field-Duncan Field Assn. (1935- #12039 877th AC & W Sqdn. #11956 (Related Sqs & Sup Grps) #10862 WWII) #17004 VP-44 (Pacific 1941-43) #12106 907th Air Refueling Sq. #1 1403 55th Ftr. Grp., 338th Ftr. Sq. (442nd Air Muroc AAFB: B-24/B-29 Pilots & Crews VP-45 Assn. (VP-250/VPB-205/VP-IVIS-5) 1897th Engr. Avn. Bn., C Co. #21642 Serv. Grp. Welcome) #13159 (WWII) #16936 #12797 2152nd Comm. Sq. (Naha, Okinawa - All 55th TC Sq. (375th TCG) #11515 Muroc Bombing Range, B&GD, 2nd VP-57 Officers (1952/54) #22578 yrs.) #11807 60th TC Grp. (N. Afr., ETO WWII) Materiel Sq. (1933/1943) #12182 VP-6 (1950/52) #28340 3380th Tech. Trng. Grp.: Radio Ops #16760 Muroc Bombing Range, B&GD, 4th Air VP-772 (Korea, 1950) #13101 Course 76601 (Keesler AFB) #28366 63rd Airdrome Sq. #13255 Base Grp. (1933/43) #12183 VP-772 (Korea, 1950) #13121 6925th Radio Grp. Mob. (Philippines 68th Fighter Sq. (WWII) #20443 Muroc Bombing Range, B&GD, Avn. VP-772 Navy Patrol Sq. (Korea, 1950) 1962/63) #11368 81st Ftr Sq. (WWII) #16872 Ord. Depart. (1933/43) #12184 #13082 6925th Security Grp., HQ (USAFSS) San 91st Bomb Wing (H) #11401 Muroc Bombing Range, B&GD, US QM VP772 Navy Patrol Squadron (Korea Francisco (1964/65) #12082 92nd Dpt. Repair #14265 Corp.-Orig. March Fid. (1933/43) 1950) #12447 7300th Mat. Ctl. Sq. (MDAP): g9th Bomb Grp., 346th Bomb Sq. (H) #12185 VR-22 Squadron Reunion (40s, 50s, (France/Germany 1951/54) #21498 (Foggia,ltaly 1944/45) #30126 Orly 46/Rhein Main 47 Football Teams 60s) #18291 7366th Radar Eval. Sq., 104th/15th 136th Radio Security Det. #14835 #13231 VR-2 NAS Alameda (MATS 1947-50) Radar CaL Fits. #11185 149th Army Airways Comm. Sys. Sq. P-47 Thunderbolt Pilots Assn. (WWII) #13209 7470th HQ Support Sq.: NATO #14815 #16839 VT-21 (WWII) #11319 Florence, Italy (1951-1953) #22286 211th AAF Base Unit, 433rd Air Svc. Pecos AAF Base, TX #14281 VT-(N)-52 (WWII) #13258 7533rd AP Sq. (London) Bushy Park Grp. (England) #12108 Pilot Class 42-E & F (Santa Anna) VU-4 #11968 AFB #22710 241st AAF Base Unit: Fairmont AAFBU #21048 VW-2 #10142 Basic Trng. Fit. 3223 (Lackland AFB (Geneva, NE (WWII) #11911 Pilot Class 43-C (W.Coast Trng. Cmd.) WAVES; NAS Barber's Pt. #14376 1948) #21437 246th AAFBU (Pratt, KS 1943/45) #22861 XAP Teams #12109 Chambley AB, France (Including Army) #10710 Pilot Class 43-K (Central Flying Trng. Yard Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn. (CG & #22713 301st Bomb Grp., 419th Bomb Sq. Command) #11117 Navy) #14738 Edwards AFB 60th Aniv. of Military Air #21648 Pilot Class 43-K (Moody Field, GA) YG-48 #14468 (Muroc 1933/93) #12186 305th Bomb Grp. (Chelveston, Eng. #12588 YMS-179 (1942/45) #12061 F.E. Warren AFB, 3450th Tech. Tng. 1942/45) #11817 Pilot Class 44-A (Luke AFB) #12078 YMS-306 #30094 Grp., HQ Sq. (1951/54) #21502 307th Bomb Grp (HV) #22817 Pilot Class 44-D (29 Palms/Merced CA, YMS-81 (1942/47) #18565 Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn NY, 307th Signal Co. Wing (WWII) #10212 Please turn page

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

HELP CAMP SHANKS MUSEUM HONOR THEIR MEMORY.

Last Stop USA . . which thousands of sad letters were written by Help Us Honor the departing men. The initials canned into ... or so it was called by some 1.3 million soldiers Our World War II Vets

who passed through it, but the largest barracks and on benches in the recreation and US Army The Camp Shanks Foundation is gratefully port of orientation centers were testimony to the sadness embarkation on the east coast during accepting donations to support the Museum, World War II was officially known as of war, as each month 40,000 troops left, some Camp which is scheduled to open on the 50th never to return. Shanks. From the day it was opened on January 4, anniversary of D-day, 1994. For a donation of 1943 in Orangeburg, New York, near the mouth It was from Shanks that the invasion began. $30.00 or more, we will engrave a name of a of the Hudson River, imtil it ceased operations on Shanks, where thousands of military buildings World War II vet - either your own or a family July 22, 1946, soldiers at Shanks were processed sprang up, when months before there were only member or friend - on our Wall of Honor. We and prepared for war, and given bunks from cornfields. It was at Shanks where soldiers who will gladly accept additional information about

were civilians months before came together to the individual for our database, particularly if

Signpost at form a force - a force that would later cross the he or she was one of the 1 .3 million people Camp Shanks ocean and bring Hitler to his knees. who actually passed through Camp Shanks.

Today, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of The sad reality is that each day there arc

D-Day, only traces of the buildings mark the land, fewer World War n vets. Soon, a wealth of and spirits of the troops keep sentry where Camp personal history will be lost - the individual Shanks once stood. accounts of the men and women who preserved our nation. As a combat veteran of Although Camp Shanks was the largest another war, I understand the sacrifice, and if embarkation point on the eastern seaboard, it was nothing else, wish to remember their names. not the only base of its kind in our country. Our

museum, though about Camp Shanks, is designed I wish to assure you that any funds contri- to show future generations the role these bases buted will be strictly for the support of the

played in our fight for democracy, while at the museum. Neither myself, nor any of my staff same time reminding this country of the sacrifices on this project, will receive any compensation.

of those who served during World War II.

Co-sponsored by Rockland County American Legion 7 'Jerry Donnellan, President

Your Name Name of Honorcc*

HOMEIOWN AND STATE

'Please limit hooorees' infonnation to 50 characters. No titles or ranks will be used

Method of Payment DO NO SEND CASH CHECK MONEY ORDER MAKE ALL CHECKS PAYABLE TO CAMP SHANKS MUSEUM CAMP SHANKS MUSEUM P.O. Box 1942

Camp Shanks Museum is a non-profit organization Orangeburg, NY 10962

For information call the Historical Society of Rockland County at (914) 634-9629. . VETS

Luke Field AZ) #12483 9th Engineer Bn. Vietnam (65-70) USS Rhodes OE-384 #14877 Pilot Class 44-F (Alius, OK) #12502 #13183 USS Theenim AKA-63 (WWII) #14773 Pilot Class 44-G (Wms. Fid. AZ) #13293 10th Amph. Trac. Bn., A Co. (WWII) Merchant Marine USS Woonsocket PF-32 (WWII) #10537 Pilot Class 44-1 (Williams Fid, AZ) #28379 #30022 11th Defensive Bn. #14772 American Merchant Marine Vets Pilot Class 45-B (Marfa, Tx & Luke 12th Rgt., 3rd Bn. (Vietnam) #22113 #17241 Field, Az) #14305 41st DCS & 44th Reserve Officers Class MS Pennsylvania Sun (1944/45) #11557 Miscellaneous (1944) #14811 333rd PItn., Parris Island (April-July 425th Military Police Escort Guard Co. Marines 1943) #12086 #13327 Barrage Balloon Sqs. 1 Thru 6, & Coast Guard Allen Military Academy (all classes) School (WWII) #21727 #13273 1st Mar. Div., 11th Rgt., D Co. (WWII) Bn. Landing Team 13 #22547 Aux Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn (Navy Inc) Allied Staff, Berlin (USCOB) #22661 #13247 Boot Camp Parris Island S.C. Platoon- #14740 American WWII Orphans Network 1st Mar. Div., 1st Rgt., 3rd Bn., L Co. 374 (1945) #14838 Combat Units #28326 #12098 (3/1, Vietnam 67/70) #17121 Embassy Det.: Seoul, Korea (1962/64) Fleet Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn. #20301 Camden Harbor/Camden Maine 1st Mar. Div., 9th Engr. Bn. (Vietnam #11298 FS 344 (US Army 1945) #12014 Lighthouse #22951 65/70) #11445 H-3-1 Korea #13241 Galveston Aux. Coastal Patrol (1945) CBI Veterans Assn. (WWII, All 2nd Mar. Div., 6th Rgt., 2nd Bn., "E" Co. JBUSMC, All Delegations, Rio de #12012 Branches) #17256 (WWII) #13294 Janeiro, Brazil #13265 Galveston/Texas City Pilot Boat CBI Vets Assn. Of Florida #17287 3rd Air Wg., 23 Air Gp., 23rd Serv. Sq. MAG-11/12/14#17166 (1943/44) #12013 Civilian Conservation Corps #1756 #21535 MAG-15 #11252 LORAN Station: Palau, Caroline Islands, #12114 3rd Bn. 5th Marines (1960) Known as MAG-52 Serv. Sq. (1944/45) #11558 Anguar Is. (1954/55) #22644 D Day 50th Anniv 1994 #13854 3/5-60 #12220 Mar. Det.: USS Charleston PG-51 LORAN Station: Simeri Crichi.ltaly (All DINFOS BJC (All Years, All Branches) 3rd Mar. Div., 3rd Rgt., 1st Bn. (Vietnam (1936/46) #13049 years) #22800 #11821 1967/69) #11217 Mar. Det.: USS Wisconsin BB-64 LST-23 #22243 Great SW Vietnam Vets (All Branches) 3rd Mar. Div., 9th Rgt., 3rd Bn., Lima (Commissioning 1944/45) #11957 LST-761 #12071 #14803 Co. (L/3/9, 1964-65) #13219 Marine Barracks, Klamath Falls Rescue Flotilla 1 (Normandy 1944) Guam Liberator's 50th Anniv. #23069 3rd Mar. Div. Assn. Return to Guam (Including Navy Med. Unit) #12722 #22659 Iwo Jima Memorial Service (CA) #17137 Marines Of Korean Conflict (1950/55) St. Augustine FL Training Center (WWII) #28324 4th Mar. Div., 20th Eng., 3rd Bn. (WW II) Biennial 1994 #28394 #30122 Iwo Jima Survivors Assn of Connecticut #12089 MCRD San Diego: Pit. 1058 (1973) USCG 83489 (1942) #12011 Inc. #14355 4th Mar. Div., 23rd Rgt., 1st Bn., HQ & D #28426 USCGC Citrus W-300 (WWII) #28433 Iwo Jima Survivors Assn of Texas Co., 81st Mortar PItn. #21116 MRCD PItn. #256 San Diego (1951) USCGC Courier WAGR-410 #22399 #22242 5th Mar. Div., 28th Rgt., 1st Bn., C Co. #22944 USCGC General Greene (1942/45) Iwo Jima Veterans Ntl. Assn. #17308 (IwoJima 1945) #22894 Parris Isl. Chapt. Mar. Corps Dl Assn. #21760 Kentucky Med Corps & Combat Medics 5th Rgt., 1st Bn., D Co. (1967/68) (AIIYrs.) #12138 USCGC Minnetonka WAGC-67 #23011 (All Branches of Service) #14788 #30003 PItn. 281 (Parris Isl., 2nd Recruit Bn.) USCGC Papaw W-308 (WWII) #11424 Korea Revisit Tour #20447 5th Rgt., 3rd Bn. (1960) #21618 #21478 USCGC Sedge W-402 (WWII) #12175 OCS Class 16 (June 1952, Fort Sill 7th Rgt., 2nd Bn., Dog Co. (Korea 8/50- PItn. 379 (Parris Isl. Nov 1974) #21373 USS Bayfield APA-33 #13823 Oklahoma) #13250 3/51) #12199 Roi-Namur (All Units) Kwajalein Atoll, USS General Hugh L. Scott AP-136 Peleliu Survivors (1944/94) #30080 7th Rgt., 2nd Bn., Fox Co. (Korea 6/52- Marshalls (WWII) #13212 (WWII) #10099 Philippines Liberation (All Forces 50th 11/52) #10025 USS Princeton CV-37, Marine USS General M.C. Meigs AP-116 Anniv) #28322 8th Gun Bn. (155mm Long Tom) Detachment #13329 #20797 Saigon Mission Assn. #12820 #14771 VMB-612-PBJ SQD.-WWII #17104 USS Leonard Wood APA-12 (Navy Vietnam Womens Memorial Project All 9th Amph. Tractor Bn., B Co. (WWII) VMB-613#17181 included) #17048 Women Personnel Mil.&Clv. #12886 #20340 VMJ/VMR-352 #14346 USS Pocatello PF-9 #17026 Women Military Aviators, Inc. #1 31 36

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The amazing walk-behind brush cutter! gomery landed almost without opposi- tion on the toe of the mainland. But The DR» FIELD and ON THE MARCH the primary Allied trust came Sept. 9 Continued page 33 from in a landing at Salerno, southwest of BRUSH MOWER Naples. The U.S. Fifth Army under CLEARS & MAINTAINS meadows, pastures, Lt.Gen. Mark Clark found the Ger- woodlots, wooded and rough non-lawn areas with ease. CUTS tall grass, weeds, brambles, mans had occupied a ring of hills tough brush and saplings up to 1" thick. overlooking the harbor, from which landed with little opposition. But glid- CHOPS/MULCHES most everything it cuts. they pounded the invaders. er and parachute troops flown in short- Leaves NO TANGLE of brush to pick up like But by the end of the first day, the hand-held brushcutters and sicklebar mowers. ly before the invasion suffered heavy 36th Division—comprised of Texans Perfect for low-maintenance casualties—27 percent by American wildflower meadows, who became the first American paratroopers. Gliders crashed into the European-style woodlots, troops on continental Europe walking paths, or any area sea, paratroopers were dropped miles pushed four miles inland, providing you only want to mow from their landing zones, and Allied once a month or those on the beach with some breath- planes were shot down by Allied naval once a season! ing room. anti-aircraft guns. •Self-Propelled On Sept. 13, the German comman- Within two days, 80,000 Allied •Mows up 10 1/2 der in Italy, Gen. Albert Kesselring, acre per hour! troops were ashore. Leading the counterattacked, pushing the Allies American charge was the 1 st Division, back toward their Salerno beachhead. the Big Red One—the oldest active But as naval gunners blasted the Ger- division in the Army—under Maj. mans, 1 ,200 men of the 82nd Airborne Gen. Terry de la Mesa Allen. Patton parachuted onto the beachhead. Not a pushed on to Palermo on the island's paratrooper or plane was lost. northern coast, taking the city on July After four days of furious fighting, Please mail this coupm TODAY Tor complete FREE 22. On Aug. 17, after overcoming •details of the DR® HELD and BRUSH MOWER' Kesselring drew back, and Clark met rugged terrain and stiff German resis- 'including prices, specificatiwis, and "Off-Season" Montgomery coming up from the [Savings now in effect. There is no obligation. I tance, Montgomery ended the Sicilian south. By Sept. 26, more than 189,000 campaign by seizing Messina, a city |Name troops, 100,000 tons of supplies and which commanded the narrow, strate- 'Address 30,000 vehicles had landed at Salerno, gically vital strait between Sicily and iQiy StaE ZIP but the Allies had sustained 9,000 I the Italian mainland. ,To: PRODUCTS Dept. 493 1 2F . COUNTRY HOME ® , casualties in just nine days. Ferry_Road^Ch^lotte 05445 Even in victory, however, the Sicil- j_ Box 89, VT J On Oct. 1, Naples fell, but after that ian campaign was something of a the push toward Rome slowed. The mess. Despite Allied air superiority, Germans held the advantage. They Axis commanders evacuated vast Isn't it time you owned had the weather, with winter numbers of troops, tanks and guns to approaching. They had nine more the mainland before Montgomery divisions than the Allies, and they had The King moved in. the mountains, which Kesselring Meanwhile, Italian dictator Benito called "God's gift to gunners." Mussolini's popularity had faded pre- OF Coins Using everything from concrete cipitously. The fall of Sicily and the bunkers to land mines, the Germans Allied bombing of Rome on July 19 built a series of strong defensive lines finished him off. On July 25, King across the peninsula. On Nov. 5, the Victor Emmanuel III had II Duce Fifth Army attacked, but the offensive arrested and replaced him with Mar- came to a muddy, bloody, rocky halt shal Pietro Badoglio. in terrain better suited for mules than On Sept. 3, Badoglio secretly men, tanks or trucks. approved a conditional surrender, The war in Italy had settled into a which was announced by "Ike" five stalemate that would continue for the days later. He called on Italians to rest of the war. The Allied march "help eject the German aggressor," but against Hitler would have to proceed the nation's dispirited, disorganized us. Mint 1878-1904 "Morgan" Silver Dollars down other avenues. troops were of little help to anyone. America's vintage "Morgan" Silver Dollars are the world's most popular coin — they 're big (38 Meanwhile, 400,000 German troops mm), loaded with silver (26.73 grams .900 fine) prepared to tenaciously defend the and rich in history (struck from Old West bo- peninsula. They occupied Rome on nanza silver and used in bygone eras). And now Sept. 10. you can own them priced right! Our nicely TAPS detailed Very Fine quality can be yours for as Italian authorities had tried to hide little as $12 each! The more you buy, the more Mussolini, but the Germans rescued Taps notices are limited to only those Legionnaires you save. We'll select mixed 1878-1904 dales wlio have held high national or department offices. We him on Sept. 12. Two days later, he guaranteed to please. Roll of 20 Coins, $299. regret that we cannot extend the honor to all members. Three Rolls (60 Coins), $720. 10 Coins, $159. and Adolph Hitler had an emotional Thomas E. Abely, MA Department Vice Commander 5 Coins, $85. 2 Coins, $38. Order #11960. To reunion. Hitler then set him up as head (1961-63), Department Commander (1963-64). order by credit card, call our 24-hour toll-free of a phony puppet state in northern Lloyd J. Berl

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION The Famous Guy Lombardo wytzes Never Offered Before

Tennessee Waltz Of all the beautiful records Guy Lombardo Girl Of My Dreams ever made, his waltzes were the most loved. Fascination The single most requested of all his hits Carolina Moon was a waltz. The combination of waltz Now Is The Hour music and Guy's mellow sound was irresistible. Now here are the most loved When I Grow Too Old To Dream waltzes Guy ever recorded in one remark- Till We Meet Again able 2 treasury set. You get 24 all-time Charmaine favorites played in the smooth and melo- Alice Blue Gown dious Guy Lombardo style. We uncondi- The Blue Skirt Waltz tionally guarantee you'll enjoy these Tenderly records and tapes like none you've ever In Apple Blossom Time owned. Mail no-risk coupon today. Goodnight Sweetheart Always The Beautiful Music Company, Dept. GW-76 Missouri Waltz 777 Larkfield Road Commack, NY 11725 Let The Rest Of The World Go By Harbor Lights Please rush me the 2 beautiful Guy Lombardo trea- suries on your unconditional money-back guarantee. After the Ball

I enclose $12.98. Send BOTH Records. Tales From The Vienna Woods I enclose $12.98. Send BOTH Cassettes. Three O'Clock In The Morning No postage or handling. y\^pay all charges. Easter Parade Name Beautiful Ohio Address By The Light Of The Silvery Moon City Merry Go Round Waltz State. Zip and discovered the Japanese had aban-

doned it. The recapture of the Aleu- ISLAND HOPPING tians brought Japan's Kuril Islands, Continuedfrom page 35 north of the home islands, within T range. A TARAWA. 10.000 bombing In their meeting at Quebec in men of the Marine August, Roosevelt and Churchill beaches of Bougainville's western agreed on an "island hopping" offen- 2nd Division fouglif coast. Despite intense Japanese sive strategy in the Pacific. On Nov. one of file bioodiesf artillery fire, 14,000 Marines landed 20, the Americans began implement- and began fighting inland. In a coun- ing the strategy with Operation Gal- baffies in fine hisfory terattack five days later, several hun- vanic, the invasion of the Gilbert fhie dred Japanese troops landed on the Island atolls of Makin and Tarawa. of Corps. same beachhead behind the Marines, The former fell to the 6,500-man 27th but the maneuver failed. And by the Division in four days, but at Tarawa, end of the year, the Allies were build- 10,000 men of the Marine 2nd Divi- way inland. By the end of the fourth ing an air base on the island. Never- sion fought one of the bloodiest battles day the battle was over, but the cost theless, fighting on the island contin- in the history of the Corps. was dear: 984 Marine dead and anoth- ued until the end of the war. Determined Japanese troops er 2,300 wounded. Only 17 of the As MacArthur labored to make manned a fortress on tiny Betio Island 4,800 Japanese defenders survived, good on his promise to return to the with hidden pillboxes, underground and each was wounded. Philippines, other American forces to shelters, underwater barbed wire and a At year's end, the Japanese high the north moved steadily westward. coconut log seawall topped with command was increasingly pes- Their first advance into the Pacific machine guns. Betio absorbed 10 tons simistic. Some of the strategists want- came May 1 1 , when the 7th Infantry of explosives per acre in a pre-assault ed to withdraw from New Guinea and Division landed on Attu in the Aleut- bombardment by a 34-ship American its neighboring islands and drop back ian Islands. When the fighting ended armada. into a defensive posture. A few 20 days later, all but 30 members of But the Japanese guns cut down accepted the truth—the war was lost. the 2,350-man Japanese garrison were one Marine after another before they It was a strategy discussion in dead; the Americans suffered 512 could reach the beach. Col. David which Japan's most famed military casualties. Two months later an Amer- Shoup, wounded in the leg, directed leader did not participate. During the ican-Canadian force landed on Kiska the assault while standing in waist- Solomons campaign. Allied code deep, red-stained water. For his action breakers had learned that Adm. on Tarawa, he won the Medal of Isoroku Yamamoto would be flying Honor and later went on to serve as through the area. On April 18, P-38 Marine Commandant during the fighters from the 339th Fighter 1970s. Three other medals for gal- Squadron, led by Lt. Col. Thomas G. lantry at Tarawa were awarded Lanphier Jr., downed Yamamoto's posthumously. plane just south of Bougainville, Finally the Marines managed to killing the man who planned the attack land tanks big fight their on Pearl Harbor. e a V i 1 y and guns and armored H and heavi- ly armed, the battleship is the China-Burma-lnilia greatest and most powerful Continuedfrom page 35 Other intrepid American pilots warship ever against the Japanese. This won Chi- also were making a name for them- built. From ang the contempt of Stilwell, who selves by flying "The Hump," car- America's privately called him "Peanut." rying supplies from India to China Missouri, Meanwhile, the exploits of Gen. over the Himalayas. And Maj.Gen. Germany's Claire Chennault and his "Flying Lewis Pick had begun building the Bismarck and Japan's Yamoto, Tigers" were giving the Allies a Ledo Road to replace the interdict- these battleships became the cornerstones boost in morale. Chennault, a ed Burma Road. "Merrill's of their fleets. Before the nuclear arms retired officer, Marauders," a daring race, the world scrambled for the power of Army Air Corps was commando the Battleships. Witness their glory with asked in 1941 to create a fighter regiment under Brig. Gen. Frank dramatic action footage and see why, no unit to protect the Burma Road. His Merrill, captured Myikyina in ship afloat inspires more awe. pilots were given P-40B Toma- northern Burma in August 1944, #6328 Approx. 50 minutes '29.98 hawk fighters— widely regarded as shortening flights over "The For VISA, MC, DISCOVER orders, obsolete—on which they painted Hump." call toll-free 24 hours: tiger shark faces to scare Japanese In early 1945, Stilwell's forces 1-800-959-0061 Ext. SHIPS pilots. By the time the "Flying finally reached the Burma Road, Or send your name, address with check or money order Tigers" were merged with the 14th but Stilwell was not with them. for $29.98 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to: Air Force in July 1942, they had Acceding to Chiang's wishes. Pres- Fusion Video, 100 Fusion Way, Dept. SHIPS, destroyed 286 Japanese aircraft ident Roosevelt had recalled "Vine- Country Club Hills, IL 60478. while suffering minimal losses. gar Joe" the previous October. Canadian orders must add S.'i.OO S & H and pay in U.S funds.

(Please note: Illinois residents must add 7.7.5% stale sales lax.)

58 THE AlVIERICAN LEGION . 75'^ Anniversary from 0\Cationa[ "EmSfem Safes

Lapel Tack #45015 $6«»

Neckties

#45010 . . . .Navy Regular $14^

#45011 . . . .Navy Clip On $1425 #45012 Maroon Regular $1425 Commemorative Crystal Decanter $14^5 #45013 . . . .Maroon Clip On #45000 $452"

50/50 White Polo Shirts Commemorative Coin With Embroidered Logo 1 Troy Ounce .999 Pure Silver #45005.. S- XL. ...$18^ #45022 $2425 XXL $212^ Adjustable Caps

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Collector's Shot Glass Commemorative Auto Plate #45018 Collector's Belt Buckle #45014 #45017 $14^ Shipping & Handling

Not refundable. Add to all orders: Merchandise Value Add

Up to $25.00 $3.00 CaseTM Collector Edition Pocket Knife $25.01 to $50.00 $4.00 Presenlalion case has been customized since photo. Appearance will vary slightly. #45021 $65!^ $50.01 to $75.00 $5.00 $75.01 to $100.00 $7.50 The purchase of 12 of a single item qualifles for an automatic 10% discount on listed prices!! $100.01 & Over $10.00 See the 1994 Emblem Sales Catalog for more celebration items!!

Send order to: National Emblem Sales, Dept. M 1 23 Enclosed is $_ or Charge My Credit Card The American Legion P. O: Box 1050 VISA Indianapolis, IN 46206

icircie onti ( am Numiur tvpi Please send : Oty. Item # Description Unit Total

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AIR WAR THE NAVAJO CODE TALKERS Continuedfrom page 39 Continuedfrom page 39 taken prisoner by fellow Marines, The Japanese and the Germans who mistook them for Japanese had sent undercover agents to spies. When the war ended, their America before the war to study work remained classified, and the es of planes and men—and the fact Indian languages, but they appar- code talkers themselves were that factory production bounced back ently neglected Navajo. The code famously circumspect. soon afterward—American comman- talkers, at any rate, created their In 1950, a study concluded that, ders decided not to continue daylight own words for many modern given a potential enemy's ability to raids. Albert Speer, Hitler's produc- weapons. Bomb was "egg," obser- study any and all languages, code tion expert, disagreed. He later wrote vation plane was "owl," torpedo talking could not be relied on in that the Americans "threw away suc- was "iron fish," and hand grenade future warfare, and the code talk- ers' activities cess when it was already in their was "potato." were declassified in hands" by not persisting. Names of people and places 1981. The real lesson of Schweinfurt, were spelled out with an impro- The following year President however, was that bombers needed vised alphabet in which the Navajo Reagan declared August 14 Nation- fighter protection as they approached word for "ant" was the letter "a," al Navajo Code Talkers Day, and the target. Accordingly, production of and so forth. praised them for helping speed vic- few of the code talkers were tory in the Pacific. the P-5 1 Mustang was speeded up, and A when they began to arrive in great numbers in December, Allied bomber losses finally were reduced. The year also marked a turning the surface and below the sea. There the the year, the By end of 8th Air point in the Battle of the Atlantic, were more long-range bombers avail- Force available had 700 bombers per where Allied shipping convoys fought able for anti-sub patrol. Escort carriers mission. also The Americans had for survival against German subma- gave convoys their own air protection, refined bomber defenses with the box rine "wolf packs." and Allied code breakers passed along formation—designed by Col. Curtis The winter of '42-'43 was the valuable information on U-boat move- LeMay—which maximized the defen- worst in 50 years in the frigid, stormy ments. sive firepower of a bomber forma- North Atlantic. But some American May marked the turning point, as tion's guns. Yet, machine the German sailors fought their natural inclinations the Germans got only 50 ships, while war machine continued to roll. and prayed for bad weather—it made losing 41 subs. German Adm. Karl a sub attack less likely. Doenitz concluded he was losing one By March, it seemed that despite sub for every 10,000 tons of Allied all their success in North Africa, the shipping sunk. "The losses have there- Allies might well lose the European fore reached an unbearable height," he war at sea. In three weeks, U-boats said. Doenitz finally withdrew his U- sank 96 ships, 21 in a single convoy. boats from the North Atlantic convoy "The Germans never came so near to routes, clinging to the vain hope that disrupting communication between the Germany's next generation of subs New World and the Old as in the first could regain the technological initia- 20 days of March," British historian tive and begin a new chapter in the Adjusting S.W. Roskill later wrote. Battle of the Atlantic. At the rate the Allies were losing The Atlantic was now an Allied Pliers ships, they would never build up lake, and the skies would soon be One squeeze with one hand is all it takes to operate these Robo-Grip pliers. 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©1993 LIPENWAID, INC' ly had increased coffee's desirability. If something was rationed, some AT HOME Americans figured, you'd might as YOUTHFUL VOLUNTEERS Continuedfrom page 37 well buy up your allotment. Continuedfrom page 37 Meat had begun to disappear early iliary civil defense units to play in the war, because the Lend-Lease "victims" for first-aid classes agreement and the U.S. Armed Forces and to act as official messengers were taking a fourth of the nation's Office of Price Administration agents for the Office of Civilian production. Soon there wasn't even hung around horse tracks, ball parks Defense. Scouts also picked hamburger to be bought on the East and nightclubs, taking down license milkweed to replace scarce Coast. Shoppers trudged from market plate numbers to enforce the ban on kapok in life jackets and pulled to market, happy to find frankfurters. pleasure driving. In Rochester, N.Y., wagons from house to house, In most large cities, Tuesday and Fri- motorists who drove to a symphony collecting bundles of scrap day were meatless days. concert had their ration cards taken paper. Meat rationing, imposed in March, away. However heavy handed, the was the last major rationing program nation's gasoline conservation effort and the least popular. Civilian meat was effective. Motorists drove a third demand was estimated at 164 pounds nasty without his pork kidneys. fewer miles in 1943 than they had in per person per year. But rationing By the end of the year about 20 1941. allowed only 140 pounds, an average essential items were rationed, and sev- Shoe rationing was imposed in of about IVi pounds a week. eral billion coupons a month were February, but three pairs of shoes a The week before rationing began changing hands. Some people thought year was hardly hardship—two years saw some of the worst hoarding of the the whole business was un-American, earlier the average American had war. In Chicago, some stores admitted and others thought it was just a pain. bought 3.4 pairs. Butter shortages only one customer at a time as long as But for the most part they went along developed in February, because the the meat lasted. One woman sought an with it. And if they didn't, there was government reserved about a third of exemption, claiming that she was always this admonishment, "Don'tcha butter and cheese for the armed ser- afraid her 16-pound cat would become know there's a war on?" vices. About the same time this was going on, coffee rationing, which had been imposed in November 1942, was dis- continued. But coffee sales dropped William Becker, Jerry Cestaro, John C. Tringali (1992) Post 349, Mineola, NY only temporarily. Rationing apparent- LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Joseph P. Anastasio (1993) Post 422, Flushing, NY James Roosa (1993) Post 1248, Arkport, NY Life Membership notices are published for Legion- Eldon R. Frazier (1974), Charles Campbell (1977), naires wtio fiave been awarded Life IMembersliips by tlieir William C. Edwards, Joseph A. PIna Sr. (1988), posts. James R. Guay (1991), Robert J. Wester (1992) Post Life membersliip notices must be submitted on official 163, Weatherford, TX forms which may be obtained by sending a self- Louis G. Valle (1993) Post 58, Hurley, Wl addressed, stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The Donald J. Volkman (1993) Post 70, Oshkosh, Wl American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis Please turn to page 69 IN 46206.

Byram E. Peck (1993) Post 10, Richmond, CA Grady Allen (1993) Post 28, New Hartford, CT Ertha E. Hulbert (1993) Post 127, Orange, CT COMRADES IN DISTRESS Robert Ferguson (1993) Post 128, Niantic, CT John V. Brocklin, B. Ed Roberts (1993) Post 130, Rig- Readers who can help these veterans are urged to gins, ID write a witness letter, including the CID number. Send the Irving Anderson Jr. (1965), John F. Baker (1967), Alme letters to CID, The American Legion Magazine, Box 1055, Adams (1979), Glendon J. Baldwin (1981), Thomas Indianapolis IN 46206. W. Gustafson (1983), Benjamin R. Anderson (1986), Notices are published only at the requests of American Emmett A. Frey, Harry IVI. Hansen (1987), John P. Legion Service Officers representing claimants using Palmer (1991), Charles M. Burns, Mahlon P. Carl- Search for Witness Forms available from Department sten (1992) Post 246, Moline, IL Legion Sen/ice Officers. Charles Paul Andras, Darryl T. Ankrom, Dee Bell, Lyn- ...On Our dle E. Schafer (1993) Post 751, Manchester, IL 26th Marines, L Co., 2nd PItn., 2nd Squad Boyce Price Raymond Reyckert (1981), Joseph Campbell, Donald needs witnesses to verify that while with the 26th

Fabulous Filet Mignon Oakley (1983), William Costa, John J. Marnik, Nor- Marines on Jan. 23, 1968 , at Khe Sanh, Vietnam, his mand Moreau (1993) Post 145, Westport, MA ear drum was ruptured and he suffered foot and Four elegant hand carved 6 oz. Filet Mignon Alfred M. Schmidt (1988), Thomas W. Wagner (1989), head injuries during an enemy grenade and rocket (each more than an inch thick) and 4 oz. of William C. Blatchley Jr., Walter K. Hood, Samuel R. attack. Contact CID 1220. Classic Seasoned Steak Butter, packed and Schmidt (1990), Arthur J. Brett, Samuel R. Dorsey, 9th Air Force, 1926 Aviation Ordnance Dept. Aurey H. Arnold L. Ogren (1993) Post 191, Mount Airy, MD Hollenbeck needs witnesses to verify that while ready for gift giving in the Classic tradition. Fred Schaffer, Kenneth E. Slarb, Louis A. VagnonI serving at the bomber airbase ammo dump at Dijon, Guaranteed satisfaction. Exp. 1/15/94 (1992), Vernon E. Wright (1993) Post 217, College France, in December 1944, he suffered an eye injury. Park, MD Contact CID 1223. Reg. $49.95 Now $24.95 Dennis A. Hartwig (1993) Post 49, Pequot Lakes, MN Army Russell C. Earhart needs witnesses to verify that {$6.9.'> Shipping and Handling) John H. Jolley (1979), Bill Northrup, Othie Owsley while stationed in Augsburg, Germany in February March he Injured his neck and was treated To order Steaks or Free Catalog (1986), Roy C. Fife, Joseph E. Goth (1988), David or 1959, Goth, Kenneth J. Goth, Robert L. Honn (1993) Post at Flak Army Hospital. Contact CID 1222. Call Toll Free 14, Clinton, MO Great Lakes Naval Training Center Albert S. Proven- Jack L. Klein, James R. Quick (1993) Post 374, zano needs witnesses to verify that will going 1-800-288-2783 Omaha, NE through the obstacle course during basic training Franklin R. Sickle Jr. (1993) Post 164, Hackettstown, June-August 1969, he injured his leg and back and NJ was carried to the medical facility. Contact CID Eugene Peppel (1993) Post 118, Woodhaven, NY 1224. William Costa (1993) Post 145, Westport, NY USS Diamond Head (AE-19) Richard M. Schlatt needs 44.30 5. llOlh St. Ann C. O'Nell (1988), John Goetz, Warren H. Hamm, witnesses to verify that while stationed aboard the Omaha, Nebraska 681.57 Gerard E. Mull, Harold J. Smith Sr. (1993) Post 184, USS Diamond Head in October 1954 or 1955 during Hudson, NY training In San Juan, Puerto Rico, he was walking by Roy D. Allen, Carl J. Marranca, Joseph Pearson (1993) the 5-lnch gun mount when the gun accidentally was Post 205, Kenmore, NY fired, resulting in hearing loss. Contact CID 1221.

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i 1993 LIPENWALD, INC I I the banking and telephone systems, among hundreds of other state-owned LATIN AMERICA companies. LEGION'S POSITION Continuedfrom page 27 Mexico finally has undergone a rap- ON NAFTA prochement with the United States, its Res. 18 passed at The Ameri- long-time adversary. This change is can Legion 73rd National embodied in the North American Free Convention in Phoenix, Ariz., in Trade States clearly is Mexico. Mexico's bor- Agreement (NAFTA). September 1991, supports the has the keystone to North der with the United States, its size, pop- NAFTA become American Free Trade ulation, natural resources and migration building a modem Mexico. Besides the Agreement (NAFTA). Res. 20 promise of economic benefits, it is passed by the National Execu- flows make it a country of immense now tive Committee at its October significance for us. a symbol of each country's commit- 1992 meeting in Indianapolis, Between 1986 and 1991, U.S. ment to the other. In Mexico, NAFTA Ind., reaffirms that support. exports to Mexico nearly tripled, and is hugely important psychologically, The American Legion be- they rose by another 22 percent in 1992 demonstrating the seriousness and the lieves NAFTA will benefit the to a total of $40.6 billion. Mexico permanence of American interest in United States economically by already buys more U.S. -made textiles, Mexico. It is a treaty between partners providing more jobs for Ameri- of equal dignity, not some sort of apparel, milk, luggage and air travel cans and enhancing the coun- American aid or concession. than any other country. try's world trade market, and If NAFTA is approved, Mexico It is our second largest customer for also will help control drugs seems assured of economic growth, fol- auto parts, machine tools, steel, con- entering the country. sumer electronics, appliances, heating lowed by slow but steady progress and air-conditioning equipment, break- toward free elections and democracy. A fast cereal, and furniture; and our third prosperous and increasingly democratic largest for chemicals, paper, scientific Mexico would be an immense asset for the decade. and lab instruments, and mining our country. Tariffs among Ecuador, Bolivia, machinery. The controversy in America over Colombia and Venezuela have disap- Taboos that date to the Mexican NAFTA—whether it will force U.S. peared. Guatemala, Honduras and El Revolution are being broken month companies to move south—hides the Salvador have announced a trilateral after month. New policies have includ- real competitive threat to prosperity in free-trade agreement to take effect this ed diplomatic recognition of the Vati- the Americas—Asia. Southeast Asian year, and the five Central American can; changes in the old communal countries such as Indonesia and countries have a free-trade agreement farming system; and privatization of Malaysia pay wages below the United with Mexico to be phased in by the end States and much of Latin America. Any of 1996.

Ad\ eiliscmcnl U.S. company whose only concern is Our trade with Latin America's Hearing Loss low wages probably has already moved countries is taking off, but so is trade its plants to Southeast Asia. among themselves. Is Not A Sign But if international competition * * * requires choosing the right mix of Relations with Canada and Mexico, Of Old Age. labor-intensiveness and capital-inten- among the first national security issues

Chicago, 111.—A free offer of special in- sive technology, manufacturers within the new United States confronted two terest to those who hear but do not un- the NAFTA will be better able to com- centuries ago, now are being resolved derstand words has been announced by pete with European or Asian compa- by movement toward a very high Beltone. A non-operating model of the nies. American workers will never be degree of economic integration. The most popular canal hearing aid in able to compete with Southeast Asia in approval of NAFTA, along with Mexi- America today will be given absolutely low wages, thank God. But Mexico can steps toward democracy, promise a free to anyone who sends for this free can. So goods produced under NAFTA stable and friendly relationship now. model by American and Mexican workers can between the United States and Mexico Send for this model, it will show you be more competitive globally. for the first time. how tiny hearing help can be. It is not a The Latins, meanwhile, are not just American dominance in the real hearing aid and it's yours to keep sitting around waiting to see if our Caribbean Basin, which appeared free. The actual aid weighs less than an trade agreement with Mexico works. threatened in 1979 in Grenada and eighth of an ounce, and it fits completely They are building their own Latin free- Nicaragua, has been secured. For the into the ear canal. trade network, the "Mercosur." The first time in U.S. history, there is no These models are free, so we suggest will eliminate trade barriers threat of foreign intervention in the you write for yours now. Again, we re- Mercosur peat, there is no cost, and certainly no between Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, region. obligation. All hearing problems are not and Paraguay. Chile and Mexico signed The key remaining issue is whether alike and some cannot be helped by a a free-trade agreement in 1991, and the United States will recognize that hearing aid but many can. So, send for since then their bilateral trade has our national interests lie very much in your free model now. Thousands have increased nearly 85 percent. our ties with our neighbors. already hcen mailed, so he sure to send In the Andes, Colombia and Our concentration on Europe and your name, address and phone number Venezuela abolished mutual tariffs in more recently Asia has, at the very today to Department 24487, Beltone January 1 992, and since then their trade least, delayed full recognition of the HIcctronics, Victoria Street, 4201 West with each other has roughly doubled. true potential in our own hemisphere. Chicago, Illinois 60646. They now have signed agreements with There is a quiet revolution taking place In California, your local aiilhori/ed Bcltoiic Mexico and Central American coun- in Latin America, and we can be one of dispenser may tall. 'jiyy.V Bl-I|iiiic lilci.lriink'. Corpiiniliiin tries to eliminate tariffs by the end of its key beneficiaries.

66 THE AMERICAN LEGIOM ,

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IN SEARCH OF... the surrender, it had a wing from an VETVOICE "E" model so he had to keep the stick This column is for readers searching for groups of vet- Continuedfrom page 8 erans for purposes other than forming a reunion (use "all the way over," making the later VETS column) or to find witnesses to verify VA health flight to China even more difficult. claims (use COMRADES IN DISTRESS column). No notices seeking information about relatives or friends will Thank you again, Legion readers, be published. Notices are published free, on a space- for your time, interest and thoughtful- available basis. landing fields throughout Mindanao. ness. Information about sealed up Japanese caves and • The pilot was a member of the Curt Norris buried military equipment on New Guinea and Indonesia during WWII, for museum exhibits. Con- top-secret 2nd American Volunteer Norton, Mass. tact Terry Kelly, 185 Thistle St., Gordon Park 4031, Group (a bomber squadron). I seek its Brisbane, Australia. roster. Navy members of Fasron 201, and VP-11, 21 & 24 who II n- Jefferson served on Malta during 1954-57, for a book. Contact • Jim Shannon (now a retired Delta In the article, "Founding Father, Richard Lewlson, 103 Southside Dr., Pocahontas, lA Airlines captain) saw the two planes 50574. Favorite Son," (July) author Lowell that intercepted the P-40 take off and Photos of the French Indochina War or early U.S. Ponte incorrectly reported that involvement In the Vietnam War, for publication with land. Shannon, co-pilot on General Thomas Jefferson wrote the words: manuscript. Will pay. Contact Jeff Schadle, 1949 a Stillwell's C-47, says "all hell broke Benton-la. St., Blairstown, lA 52209. "...that all men are created equal; that loose at headquarters" in Chungking U.S. survivors of the sinking of the HIVIT Rohna in they are endowed by their Creator WWII, for a book. Contact Don Fortune, 782 West the next morning when the command with inalienable rights..." The word St., Sonoma, CA 95476-6425. 938-2585 Napa (707) realized an American plane had been should be unalienable. troops stationed in East Kent District and SE Eng- U.S. shot down. land during WWII. All are eligible for the Frontline K. Lambert Kirk Britain Medal. For information on the medal and • Lt. John Hampshire and Capt. memorial celebrations, send a stamped, self- San Francisco Robert J. Costello were the intercept- addressed envelope to Frontline Britain '94, 107 Mongeham Rd., Great Mongeham, Deal, Kent ing pilots, and I have verification. The CT149LJ. flight did take place. The ghost plane Voice About Vetvoice Women who served in military service, or their was shot 10 minutes south of The letters in Vetvoice are truly a descendants, for a memorial. Contact Sandra Kantz, down 116 N. 168th Ave., Holland, Ml 49424-1368. (616) Kweilin (not Kienow). good coupling of many varied 399-6466. • The pilot was alive when inter- thoughts, and are always interesting. WWII Navy Pharmacist's Mate 2/C rating badge. Will a E. pay. Contact Jim Johnson, 1554 Northbourne Rd., cepted. No one ever flew P-40 Glenn Kerns Baltimore, MD 21239. "hands off." According to Bill Rowe, Chambersburg, Pa.

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DECEMBER 1993 69 — —

New Book Reveals How To Get society bent on defining itself in terms AMERICA APART of competing groups. Continuedfrom page 29 PROSTATE Q. Is bilingual education another branch of the cult of ethnicity? A Bilingual education isn't new. RELIEF German was often used in schools IF YOU SUFFER PROSTATE ideals of democracy is disabling to in the midwest in the 19th century. But PROBLEMS SUCH AS: that bilingualism nonwhite people? On the contrary, it is was designed not to • getting up nights to urinate empowering. maintain German as a separate lan- guage but to facilitate the entry into • urgency and frequency Q. Isn't traditional education, in English-speaking society by students • delay and dribbling fact, Eurocentric? raised in German-speaking homes. So • pain and discomfort A Yes, and for very good reason. For long as that is the object of bilingual you should know about a new book, better or worse, American culture education, it's an excellent thing. Your Prostate: What Every Man Over has been shaped primarily by Euro- The problem, though, is that 40 Needs To Know Now! pean—more precisely—British sources. today's bilingual education is creating The book contains the latest up-to- That is an historical fact. a vested interest in maintaining lin- date information on the Prostate—how guistic separatism and a Spanish- speaking It it functions, what can go wrong, how it Q. Do Afrocentric classes produce society. promotes segrega- can best be treated, and how to protect positive results? tion, nourishes racial antagonisms and yourself from Prostate problems. The A If some kleagle of the Ku Klux shuts doors on students. That is not book gives you specific facts on the Klan wanted to devise an educa- good. brand new treatments available for Pro- tional curriculum for the specific pur- state disorders—from new drugs and pose of handicapping and disabling Q. Can we expect to see a day medical treatments to natural remedies. blacks, he would not be likely to come when large areas of this country The book tells you about a brand up with anything more diabolically won't be English speaking? new Prostate medication that actually effective than Afrocentrism. It is AT do not see us ending up with a shrinks the Prostate and alleviates designed not to enable blacks to enter series of ghettos—Spanish-speak- symptoms. You'll learn about a simple, the larger mainstream of American life ing or Korean-speaking enclaves, and little-known blood test which can detect but to keep them in the ghetto. The the- so forth. People may use such tongues Prostate cancer in the very early stages ory behind this glorification of African as secondary languages, but to enjoy

while it is easily treatable. achievements is that this will improve the full possibilities open to Ameri- You'll discover how a natural min- self-esteem and academic performance, cans they will have to learn English eral is being used by men to alleviate but it doesn't work that way in practice. as they are doing now. Prostate symptoms and how one doc- The two minorities who most con- tor uses a specific combination of vita- spicuously succeed in our schools Q. Do you support a constitutional mins to help eliminate Prostate miseries. Asian-Americans and Jewish-Ameri- amendment to make English the offi- The book tells you about 3 natural cans—do so without benefit of an cial language? nutrients reported to relieve Prostate "Asia-centric" or "Judeo-centric" cur- A A common language is necessary, symptoms in 6 clinical studies, yet little riculum. Self-esteem is a consequence, especially in so diverse a society known to most doctors (available at not the cause, of achievement. Will it as America. It's a bond of national health food stores). You'll discover increase their self-esteem when black cohesion. However, a constitutional which foods may help the Prostate and children grow up and learn that many amendment is absolutely unnecessary. which foods may cause irritation. The of the things Afrocentrists taught them It would be a startling confession of book even tells you about new drugs are not true? Afrocentrism does a great English's weakness, but English is on and natural remedies being used to disservice to students. the march everywhere in the world. It combat Impotence. is the lingua franca of the 20th and 21st

The book covers actual case histories Q. Are you opposed to all multicul- centuries. Everybody has to learn it. of men who suffered Prostate problems tural education? English is in no danger. Furthermore, and how they were able to overcome Alt all depends on what one means the attempt to pass such an amendment their problems. by multiculturalism. When multi- would be very divisive and would Many men are putting up with trouble- culturalism means teaching our kids cause considerable acrimony without some Prostate symptoms because they about other peoples and continents, I'm commensurate gains. are unaware of new treatments and the for it. When it means teaching kids welcome relief that is now available. about the achievements of minorities in Q. Why do communities let their Get all the facts. Order Your Pros- American history and literature, I'm all schools adopt damaging ethnic cur- tate: What Every Man Over 40 Needs for that. ricula? To Know Now today. But when multiculturalism chal- A People should know better than to To order send check or money order lenges the historic American ideal of go along with this, but there are for only $12.95 plus $3 postage and assimilation of different peoples into a various reasons why many do. Partly handling to: United Research Publishers, melting pot and encourages the perpet- it's an unhappy consequence of white 103 North Highway 101, Dept. ALP-1, uation of separate ethnic and racial guilt, the bad conscience we have for

Encinitas, CA 92024. Visa and Master- communities, it raises disturbing prob- the terrible things white Americans card, send card number and expiration lems. The bonds of national cohesion have done to nonwhite Americans over date. You may return the book for a are fragile already. Mutual hostility and the centuries. refund at any time if not satisfied. suspicion are bound to emerge in a Partly, too, it's a feeling that other

70 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

exclusion to inclusion is one of the STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, LEGION'S POSITION great themes of American history. Half MANAGEMENT a century ago, newspapers ran lurid AND CIRCUIATION ON BILINGUAL articles about "the yellow peril" and in (Required by ^S) V.S.C. 3685) 1. Title of Publication; THE AMERICAN World War II we interned thousands of EDUCATION LEGION. perfectly loyal Japanese-Americans. 2 Date of filing: September 24, 1993. 543 passed by the 74th Res. But now that has changed very much, 3. Frequency of is.sue: Monthly. American Legion National A. No. of i.ssues published annu;illy: 12. not only for Asian-Americans but also B. Annual subscription price: 52.50. Convention at Chicago in 1992 for blacks. 4. Location of known office of publication: states: "Bilingual education pro- 5561 W. 7-ith Street, Indianapolis, Indiana If a half-century ago somebody had grams funded by the U.S. 46268-4184 (Marion County). told me a black would be chairman of Department of Education, in 5. Location of the headquarters of general the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that there business offices of the publisher: 700 North large, are designed to provide Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Indiana i62()-i. would be black Supreme Court Jus- long-term instruction in a stu- 6. Names and addresses of publisher, editor dent's native language, while tices, that Virginia's governor and the and managing editor: Publisher: Daniel S. Wheeler, 700 N. Penixsyl- English is subjected to a sec- mayors of New York, Los Angeles, vania St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 ondary status." Philadelphia and Atlanta would be Editor: John Cireenwald, 700 N. Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 Such programs "tend to black, I would have been incredulous. Managing Editor: Miles Z. Epstein, 700 N. encourage separatism rather Yet this is exactly what has happened. Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 than unification of purpose," the We unquestionably have made great 7. Owner (If owned b)' a corporation, its name resolution says. progress. and address must be stated and also immedi- ately thereunder the names and addresses of Calling on Congress and state But this does not mean there are no stockholders owning or holding I percent or legislatures to declare English problems. One reason why Asian- more of total amount ofstock. If not owned by a the official language govern- corporation, the names and addresses of the of Americans have so much success is individtuil owners must be given. If owned by a ment in the United States, the their cohesive family structure. One partnership or other unincorporated firm, its resolution also urges funding of name and and address, as well as that each reason why other minorities have a of alternative bilingual education individual must be given. If the publication is harder time is the chaotic condition of published by a nonprofit organization, its name programs to serve as short-term address stated. their family life, and their difficulty in and must be ) steps for immigrants to achieve The American Legion, 700 N. Pennsylvania St., finding jobs. In New York's Harlem, English proficiency. P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206. 40 percent of kids between the ages of 8. Known bondholders, mortgages, and other security holders owning or 1 16 and 25 cannot find employment. No holding percent or more of the total amount of bonds, mortgages wonder they become dispirited. or other securities; None. 9. For completion approaches aren't working, so why not I think every American who is able by nonprofit organizations authorized to mail at special rates (Section try this? It's an escape from the more and willing to work ought to be able to 423.12. DMM only). The purpose, function, and serious remedies for our educational find a job. That would be the best nonprofit status of this organization and the exempt status for Federal income tax system because those remedies would means of strengthening family struc- purposes have not changed during preceding 12 months. require higher taxes and the last thing tures and reducing racial tensions. 10. Extent and nature of circulation: Actual Number many Americans want to do today is Average No. of Copies of pay taxes—though how they expect to Q. Do you see us becoming a nation Copies Each Single Issue Issue During Published get better public services unless they of minorities? Preceding Nearest to 12 Months FihngDatc pay for them is not clear to me. I don't think so and I'll tell you A A. Total No. of Copies why. The more the multicultural Printed (Net Press Q. In your new book you make the ideologues press the case for ethnic Run) 2,988,269 3,042,030 B. Paid Circulation

point that "the curse of racism was separatism, the less they appeal to the 1. Sales through the great failure" in U.S. history. mass of their own people. dealers and carriers, street sure is — and white America What will defeat the ideologues is Alt vendors and must never forget it. Assimilation the failure of young people in those counter sales 8,804 9,836 2. Mail sub- is a two-way street, and the primary groups to stick with their groups. The scriptions 2,957,616 3,000.337 responsibility for racial tension lies not most telling statistics are the rates of C. Total Paid with the excluded and angry minorities, intermarriage across religious, ethnic, circulation (Sum of lOBl and 10B2) 2,966,420 3,010,173 but with the complacent majority. and, increasingly, racial lines. The For D. Free distribution people who want to join America need 1990, the Census Bureau estimated one by mail, carrier or to receive a welcome from the people million interracial marriages as against other means. Samples, compU- who think they own America. It's up to 310,000 in 1970. mentary, and other white America to fulfill its responsibili- In the long run, the power of love free copies 7,693 8,412 E.Total distribution ty which is to show that every Ameri- and sex will defeat those who wish to (Sum of C and D) 2,974,113 3,018,585 can, regardless of the color of his skin, divide America into separate, perma- F. Copies not has an equal right to attain whatever nently distinct ethnic and racial groups. distributed

1 . Office use, left- success his character and talents allow. So I remain optimistic. over, unaccounted, I believe the desire to take full spoiled after printing 14,156 23,445 Q. Don't the successes of Asians in advantage of the opportunities in 2. Returns from recent years—Chinese, Japanese, American life will overcome the appeal news agents None None and Southeast and South Asians of ideologues for compartmentalized, G.Total (Sum of E, Fl,and2— show that our society is much more ghettoized existence. There are promis- should equal net press inclusive than it was even a genera- ing people from every ethnic and racial run shown in A) 2,988,269 3,042,030 11. 1 certify that the statements made by me tion ago? group who will continue to join the above are correa and complete. There is no question that this is mainstream. For most Americans, this A (Signed) Daniel S. Wheeler, Publisher true. In fact, the movement from is still what the republic is all about.

DECEMBER 1993 71 '

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72 THE AlVIERICAN LEGION Legion Shopper ^ GET FAST REUEF FOR \~ELECTRONIC YOU CAN MAKE TIRED SORE FEET!! BARKING DOG ALARM BUTTONS LIKE ^^^'^'^^rscrtv Hangs on Doorknob THESE > 100% guaranteed relief No batteries Home, Podiatrist recommended Simple to use z' -^BIWW^ Improves circulation Ideal for travelers (mS^ Shop & t ^^m^MT Travel Big Dog Only $ 1 9.95 each (Add $3.00 s & h) Bark sends CHECK VISA MASTERCARD thieves Account # running! Exp. Date Number ordered Name When intruder touches Address doorknob City Zp "Rommel"

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DECEIVlBER 1993 73 2

Legion Shopper

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74 THE AMERICAN LEGION —a

'-^1994 Catalog \ SEND ADVERTISING COPY All classified advertising Is payable In advance by AND REMIHANCE TO: check or money order. Please make remittance Eileen Hennessy payable to The American Legion Magazine." RATES: per vi/ord. Count The American Legion IVlagazine $16 street addresses and box numbers as two words; all city, state and zip codes as c/o Fox Associates, Inc. three words GUARANTEED CIRCULATION: 116W. Kinzie Street 2,900,000 per month. DEADLINE: Advertising copy CInicago, IL 60601 must be received 60 days before cover date of issue (312) 644-3888 desired. All advertisements are accepted at the discretion of the publisher. FAX (312) 644-8718

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DECEMBER 1993 75 1 Parting shots

Dog Gone Funny Classified ad seen in recent news- paper: "LOST: Golfing husband and dog—last seen at Ratliff Ranch Golf Links. Reward for Dog."

Healthy Pessimism With all the health risks these days, we must eat, drink and be wary.

Daffynition Politician: Someone who tries to make both ends taxable.

Heady Headlines Here's a few newspaper headlines that could have used some work: • Turnout Light In New York • Parking For Drive-Through Cus- tomers Only • If You Can't Read, We Can Help • Two Convicts Evade Noose; Jury Hung

Tanks To Motivation China lost its bid to host the

"How am I supposed to enjoy of Fortune when you keep blurting out Olympic Games in 2000. That's too the answers?" bad. There would have been some new world records. You run a lot faster being chased by a tank.

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76 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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