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Ǭ¬Ä¸Ƒ冊佛ƕ™Å¸¸È PERKEMBANGAN DAN PERANAN PERSATUAN AGAMA BUDDHA AMITABHA MALAYSIA, 1993 - 2014 POEY TIANG PEOW TESIS DISERAHKAN SEBAGAI MEMENUHI KEPERLUAN BAGI IJAZAH DOKTOR FALSAFAH FAKULTI SASTERA DAN SAINS SOSIAL UNIVERSITI MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2017 1 UNIVERSITI MALAYA PERAKUAN KEASLIAN PENULISAN Nama: POEY TIANG PEOW (No. K.P/Pasport: P endaftaran/ Matrik: AHA100003 Nama Ijazah: IJAZAH DOKTOR FALSAFAH Tajuk Kertas Projek/Laporan Penyelidikan/Disertasi/Tesis (“Hasil Kerja ini”): PERKEMBANGAN DAN PERANAN PERSATUAN PENGANUT AGAMA BUDDHA AMITABHA MALAYSIA, 1993-2014 Bidang Penyelidikan: AGAMA CINA Saya dengan sesungguhnya dan sebenarnya mengaku bahawa: (1) Saya adalah satu-satunya pengarang/penulis Hasil Kerja ini; (2) Hasil Kerja ini adalah asli; (3) Apa-apa penggunaan mana-mana hasil kerja yang mengandungi hakcipta telah dilakukan secara urusan yang wajar dan bagi maksud yang dibenarkan dan apa-apa petikan, ekstrak, rujukan atau pengeluaran semula daripada atau kepada mana-mana hasil kerja yang mengandungi hakcipta telah dinyatakan dengan sejelasnya dan secukupnya dan satu pengiktirafan tajuk hasil kerja tersebut dan pengarang/penulisnya telah dilakukan di dalam Hasil Kerja ini; (4) Saya tidak mempunyai apa-apa pengetahuan sebenar atau patut semunasabahnya tahu bahawa penghasilan Hasil Kerja ini melanggar suatu hakcipta hasil kerja yang lain; (5) Saya dengan ini menyerahkan kesemua dan tiap-tiap hak yang terkandung di dalam hakcipta Hasil Kerja ini kepada Universiti Malaya (“UM”) yang seterusnya mula dari sekarang adalah tuan punya kepada hakcipta di dalam Hasil Kerja ini dan apa-apa pengeluaran semula atau penggunaan dalam apa jua bentuk atau dengan apa juga cara sekalipun adalah dilarang tanpa terlebih dahulu mendapat kebenaran bertulis dari UM. (6) Saya sedar sepenuhnya sekiranya dalam masa penghasilan Hasil Kerja ini saya telah melanggar suatu hakcipta hasil kerja yang lain sama ada dengan niat atau sebaliknya, saya boleh dikenakan tindakan undang-undang atau apa-apa tindakan lain sebagaimana yang diputuskan oleh UM. Tandatangan Calon Tarikh: Diperbuat dan sesungguhnya diakui di hadapan, Tandatangan Saksi Tarikh: Nama: 2 ABSTRAK Tesis ini mengkaji tentang perkembangan dan peranan Persatuan Agama Buddha Amitabha Malaysia (PABAM) yang terletak di Malaysia. Tinjauan ke atas peranan pentadbiran dan pengurusan yang dijalankan oleh PABAM merangkumi empat aspek utama iaitu pendidikan, kebudayaan, kebajikan dan kultivasi yang dijadikan fokus dalam kajian ini. Analisis ini bertujuan melihat trend perkembangan dan peranan PABAM dalam menyebarluas pendidikan agama Buddha di Malaysia. Tesis ini juga meliputi perbincangan tentang matlamat persatuan PABAM ke arah mencapai model Chin Kung berdasarkan Empat Misi Sucinya yang meliputi (1) memulihkan agama Buddha sebagai pendidikan Buddha tradisi, (2) mendorong dan mengembangkan penggunaan Bahasa Cina Klasik, (3) meluaskan konsep dan semangat kekeluargaan yang terkandung dalam tradisi kebudayaan orang Cina, dan (4) mempromosikan pendidikan multi agama dan budaya. Ia dikatakan dapat menyelesaikan konflik dunia dan mengekalkan keamanan sedunia. Objektif tesis adalah bertujuan meninjau sejauh manakah perkembangan dan peranan PABAM di Malaysia dan sebab-sebab utama PABAM mengaplikasikan model Chin Kung kepada para penganut dan masyarakat tempatan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kaedah kualitatif merangkumi kaedah perpustakaan, pemerhatian dan temu bual. Manakala, kaedah kuantitatif pula dijalankan melalui kajian soal selidik dalam kalangan penganut-penganut PABAM. Tesis ini menggunakan Teori Fungsionalisme Struktural baru, iaitu model AGIL yang mempunyai empat faktor utama, terdiri daripada A: Adaptation, G: Goal Attainment, I: Integration, dan L: Latency. Hasil kajian dapat menggambarkan maklumat bagaimana dan mengapa PABAM melaksanakan dan mengaplikasikan model Chin Kung dalam proses perkembangan dan peranan agama Buddha di Malaysia. Salah satu aktiviti utama yang menandakan fokus PABAM dalam menangani isu kemanusiaan melalui keagamaan adalah penubuhan sekolah Dizigui di Filipina kepada kanak-kanak yang kurang bernasib baik dan usaha PABAM ke arah dasar pendidikan percuma dalam institusi berkenaan. Penubuhan institusi ini menunjukkan fokus yang diberikan oleh PABAM ke arah kebaikan melalui keagamaan dapat melangkaui sempadan geografi. Pengkaji mendapati bahawa melalui hubungan lanjutan PABAM dengan masyarakat antarabangsa, ianya dapat menyumbang dalam usaha menghadapi krisis kemanusiaan dan isu-isu global bersama-sama dengan kuasa-kuasa pertubuhan antarabangsa seperti Majlis Persatuan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu Hak Asasi Manusia. Melalui pendedahan antarabangsa, ianya turut menyumbang kepada identiti PABAM sebagai pertubuhan agama yang lebih diiktiraf di kalangan masyarakat Cina di Malaysia. 3 ABSTRACT This thesis is a study on the development and role of the Amitabha Buddhist Society Malaysia (PABAM) which is located in Malaysia. The survey on the influence of the administration and management of various activities carried out by PABAM which are comprised of education, culture, welfare, and cultivation serves as the focus of this study. This analysis aims to look at the developmental trends and role of PABAM in promoting Buddhist education in Malaysia. This thesis also discusses the society’s goal towards achieving the Model of Chin Kung’s Four Holy Aims which comprise of (1) to restore Buddhism through traditional Buddhism education, (2) to encourage and develop the use of Classical Chinese language widely, (3) to expand the concept and the spirit of family tiesset out in the cultural tradition of the Chinese, and (4) to promote multi-religious and cultural education. This could transform and resolve global conflicts and maintain global security. The objective of this thesis is aimed at reviewing the extent of the development and role of PABAM in Malaysia and the main reasons of PABAM’s application of the model of Chin Kung’s Four Holy Aims to particularly benefit the believers and the local community. The research method of this thesis used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods include library research methods, observation and interview sessions; whilst quantitative methods were carried out through questionnaire surveys among the devotees of PABAM. This thesis uses the new Structural Functionalism Theory, the AGIL model which consists of four main factors, namely A: Adaptation, G: Goal Attainment, I: Integration, and L: Latency. The results of this study reflected PABAM’s information on how to implement and apply the Chin Kung model in the process of development and role of Buddhism in Malaysia and the main reasons of PABAM in applying the model. One of the major activities that marked the focus of PABAM in serving humanity through religion is its establishment of Dizigui School in the Philippines for the less fortunate and striving towards a policy of free education in the institution. The establishment of the institution shows the concern of PABAM that has transcended geographical boundaries. The researcher is of the view that with PABAM’s extended relations with the international community, it may be able to contribute in efforts of facing human crisis and global issues along with forces of international organizations such as the United Nations Human Rights Council. Through the international exposure, it is believed that it can further contributed to PABAM’s identity as a much more recognized religious organization among the Chinese community in Malaysia. 4 PENGHARGAAN Saya ingin merakamkan kesyukuran kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas limpah kurnia dan keyakinan daripadanya kerana telah membolehkan saya menyempurnakan tesis penyelidikan ini dengan penuh kesungguhan. Segala pencapaian yang baik adalah datang daripadanya. Seterusnya restu daripada Buddha Shakyamuni dan Buddha Amitabha adalah amat dihargai dan dihormati dalam sanubari saya. Pertamanya, saya ingin merakamkan ribuan terima kasih dan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan kepada penyelia saya, Y.Bhg Pensyarah Kanan Dr. Ching Thing Ho, Jabatan Pengajian Tionghua, Universiti Malaya kerana tanpa panduan, bimbingan dan tunjuk ajar daripada beliau, sudah pasti tesis penyelidikan ini tidak dapat dijayakan. Seterusnya, saya hendak merakamkan terima kasih kepada semua pensyarah Jabatan Pengajian Tionghua, Universiti Malaya yang membimbing saya sejak Ijazah Sarjana Muda sehingga kini. Tidak terlupa dengan Dr. Mohd Ikbal Bin Mohd Huda yang turut memberi nasihat dan pandangan serta Cik Iffa, Cik Lina di samping para pustakawan daripada Perpustakaan Universiti Malaya yang telah menyediakan pelbagai kemudahan dalam menjayakan tesis penyelidikan ini. Selain itu, saya dengan hati yang ikhlas mengucapkan terima kasih yang tidak terhingga kepada ibu bapa saya iaitu Encik Poey Ah Soon @Poey Ah Bah dan Puan Teoh Poh Gaik yang sentiasa memberi restu dan kasih sayang yang menjadi asas kepada segala pencapaian dan kejayaan saya dalam hayat hidup saya. Di sini, saya dengan hati yang terharu ingin menghargai sumbangan isteri saya Puan Chan Poh Yee kerana dia telah memberi kasih sayang, galakkan dan perangsang di samping sokongan moral yang sepenuhnya kepada saya dalam menyiapkan tesis penyelidikan ini. Akhirnya, saya juga menyampaikan penghargaan saya kepada adik beradik saya iaitu Puan Poey Tiang Huang, Encik Poey Tiang Chye, Encik Poey Tiang Huat, Puan Poey Tiang Heok, dan rakan-rakan saya atas sokongan moral mereka. Saya juga merakamkan penghargaan kepada Y. Bhg. Prof. Madya Datin Dr. Engku Haliza Binti Engku Ibrahim,
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