DOCSLIB.ORG

Chicano/A Multiplicity and In-Betweenness in John Rechy’S City of Night

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chicano/A Multiplicity and In-Betweenness in John Rechy’S City of Night Preliminary communication Received: 23 January 2015 Accepted: 9 March 2015 DOI: 10.15176/vol52no104 UDK 82.091 Chicano/a Multiplicity and In-betweenness in John Rechys City of Night ǡǡ ǡ ǡ ǯCity of Nightǡͳͻ͸͵ǡ Ǧ ǯǤ ǡ ϐ ǡ Ȁ ǡ ǯǤ ǡ ϐǦ ǡ ǡ Ǧǡ ǡ nepantlaǤ ǣ ǡ ǡ Ǧǡ ǡ INTRODUCTION Ǧ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ȋÓ ʹͲͳͲǣͳ͸Ȃʹ͹Ǣ ×ǦÓʹͲͳͲǣͶͲȂͶͳȌǤ ǡ ϐ Ǥͳ ͳ ϐǤDz ȀdzDz dz Ǥ Ǧ ǡChicano/a Multiplicity and In-Betweenness in John RechysǤͷʹȀͳǡʹͲͳͷǡ͹ͳȂͻͷ Ȁ ǡ ϐǡǡ ǡ ǡǡϐǡ Ǧ ϐ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ȁ ǡ ȀCity of NightȋͳͻͺͶȌ Ǥ Cityof Night ǡǡʹ ǦǦ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ ǡ ǡ ͳͻ͸Ͳͳͻ͹Ͳǡ ȋ Ǧͳͻͺ͸Ǣï ͳͻͺ͹Ǣ ʹͲͲͷǢ ʹͲͳͲǢ ±Ǧ ʹͲͳͲȌ ǡ ȋï ʹͲͲʹǢ×ʹͲͲͶǢ±ʹͲͲ͹ǢʹͲͳͳǢǦʹͲͳ͵Ǣ ʹͲͳͶȌǤϐ Ǧ ǡCity of Night Ȁ Ǧ Ǥ Ǧ Ǥ City of Night Ǧ ǦǤ Ǥǡ ȋ ÀʹͲͲ͵ǣͶͶȌ Ȁ ȋȌǤ ʹ City of NightƲͷͲ ǯ ȋǡǡʹͲͳ͵ǢʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ ǡCity of Nightǯϐ Ȁǡ Ǧ ǯ The Act of Reading John Rechy: Transnational Intertexts and Readers ȋʹͲͳͶȌǤ 72 ǡChicano/a Multiplicity and In-Betweenness in John RechysǤͷʹȀͳǡʹͲͳͷǡ͹ͳȂͻͷ CHICANO/AS ǤǤ ǡ ǡ ϐ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ͵ ͳͻ͸Ͳ ǡ ϐ Ǧ ȋ ʹͲͲͷǣ ʹͷ͵ȂʹͷͶȌǤ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǧ ǡ ǡ Ǥǡ ǡϐ ǡ ͳͻ͸ͲȋǤȌǤ ϐ ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Dz Ȁdzǡ Ȁ ȋÓʹͲͳͲǣͳͺȌǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡ ϐ ǤͶ ͵ ǡ Dz ϐ ǡǡǡǦ Ǧ dzȋǦʹͲͲͷǣ ȌǤ ǡǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥǡ ȋǤȌǤ Ͷ ϐ Ǥ ǡ Ȁ Dz ȏȐ dzȋ Ǧ ÀʹͲͲͲǣͶ͸͸ȌǤ Dz dzȋͳͻͻ͹ȌǤï Ǧ ǡ Ȁ Dzǣǡ dz ȋʹͲͲͻȌǤ 73 ǡChicano/a Multiplicity and In-Betweenness in John RechysǤͷʹȀͳǡʹͲͳͷǡ͹ͳȂͻͷ ͳͻ͹Ͳǡ ȋDz dzȌǤ Ȁǡ ǡ Ǥ ϐ ȋ ʹͲͲͲǣ ʹ͹ͳȌǤ ǡ ǯ Ǥ ǡ ϐ ǡ ȋ ʹͲͲͻǣͳͳȌǤ Ȁ With His Pistol in His Hand ȋͳͻͷͺȌ ± ϐ I am Joaquínȋͳͻ͸͹ȌDzdz .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DOCUMENT RESUME Chicano Studies Bibliography
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 119 923 ric 009 066 AUTHOR Marquez, Benjamin, Ed. TITLE Chicano Studies Bibliography: A Guide to the Resources of the Library at the University of Texas at El Paso, Fourth Edition. INSTITUTION Texas Univ., El Paso. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 138p.; For related document, see ED 081 524 AVAILABLE PROM Chicano Library Services, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79902 ($3.00; 25% discount on 5 or more copies) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$7.35 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Audiovisual Aids; *Bibliographies; Books; Films; *library Collections; *Mexican Americans; Periodicals; *Reference Materials; *University Libraries IDENTIFIERS Chicanos; *University of Texas El Paso ABSTRACT Intended as a guide to select items, this bibliography cites approximately 668 books and periodical articles published between 1925 and 1975. Compiled to facilitate research in the field of Chicano Studies, the entries are part of the Chicano Materials Collection at the University of Texas at El Paso. Arranged alphabetically by the author's or editor's last name or by title when no author or editor is available, the entries include general bibliographic information and the call number for books and volume number and date for periodicals. Some entries also include a short abstract. Subject and title indices are provided. The bibliography also cites 14 Chicano magazines and newspapers, 27 audiovisual materials, 56 tape holdings, 10 researc°1 aids and services, and 22 Chicano bibliographies. (NQ) ******************************************14*************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available.
    [Show full text]
  • Transculturalism in Chicano Literature, Visual Art, and Film Master's
    Transculturalism in Chicano Literature, Visual Art, and Film Master’s Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Department of Global Studies Jerónimo Arellano, Advisor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Global Studies by Sarah Mabry August 2018 Transculturalism in Chicano Literature, Visual Art, and Film Copyright by Sarah Mabry © 2018 Dedication Here I acknowledge those individuals by name and those remaining anonymous that have encouraged and inspired me on this journey. First, I would like to dedicate this to my great grandfather, Jerome Head, a surgeon, published author, and painter. Although we never had the opportunity to meet on this earth, you passed along your works of literature and art. Gleaned from your manuscript entitled A Search for Solomon, ¨As is so often the way with quests, whether they be for fish or buried cities or mountain peaks or even for money or any other goal that one sets himself in life, the rewards are usually incidental to the journeying rather than in the end itself…I have come to enjoy the journeying.” I consider this project as a quest of discovery, rediscovery, and delightful unexpected turns. I would like mention one of Jerome’s six sons, my grandfather, Charles Rollin Head, a farmer by trade and an intellectual at heart. I remember your Chevy pickup truck filled with farm supplies rattling under the backseat and a tape cassette playing Mozart’s piano sonata No. 16. This old vehicle metaphorically carried a hard work ethic together with an artistic sensibility.
    [Show full text]
  • News Nepantla
    UCSB Chican@ Studies Newsletter, Fall 2010, No. 3 News Nepantlfrom a LITERARY GREATS VISIT UCSB The 8th annual Luis Cisneros’s Leal Award for forthcoming book, Distinction in Writing in Your Chicano/Latino Pajamas. She Literature was introduced selected awarded on October readings from the 28, 2010 to Jimmy work‐in‐progress Santiago Baca. with comments on Named after her community Professor Luis Leal service work, who died in early encouraging 2010 at the age of everyone to pick up a 102 and who was pen and paper and one of the pioneers engage the art of in the study of literature. ‘Write the Chicano literature, first draft as if you the award honors a Jimmy Santiago Baca and Sandra Cisneros give talks co‐sponsored by the are talking to your writer on Chicano/ Department of Chican@ Studies. best friend. Latino subjects who Completely honest. literacy and of writing and has Her slippers shuffling across has achieved national and Like you were comfortable become one of the major the stage, Sandra Cisneros international acclaim through talking to them even wearing poets and writers in the approached the podium in a substantial body of work. pajamas.’ United States. bright blue pajamas sporting Jimmy Santiago Baca, a The audience was Baca has written more than multi‐colored polka dots. native of New Mexico, is a enthralled as Cisneros read a eleven volumes of poetry. In Hundreds of students powerful and courageous short story following the 2001 he published his accompanied by community voice as a poet, short story narrator through her gripping and powerful members (one stating in the writer, memoir writer, community in search of both a autobiography A Place to Q&A session that he traveled essayist, and novelist.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Information Behavior, Needs, and Networks of Undocustudents in Higher Education
    UndocuLives: Understanding the Information Behavior, Needs, and Networks of UndocuStudents in Higher Education Verónica E. Guajardo A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2018 Reading Committee: Ricardo Gomez, Chair Negin Dahya Megan Ybarra Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Information School © Copyright 2018 Verónica E. Guajardo ii University of Washington Abstract UndocuLives: Understanding the Information Behavior, Needs, and Networks of UndocuStudents in Higher Education Verónica E. Guajardo Chair of Supervisory Committee: Ricardo Gomez Information School Technology use and information consumption appears omnipresent in the lives of many modern U.S. college students, central to everything from social media posting to opening a free email account needed for most basic online transactions. Information regarding college admissions, deadlines, standardized tests scoring and financial aid can be daunting for many students. It is exponentially more so for undocumented students who must consider legal and financial barriers. Like many immigrants, undocumented populations understand access to education is important and can help create opportunities with greater economic potential, especially for undocumented students. For many in the undocumented community, education and a ‘better future’ for themselves and their children, is one of the main reasons for their migration in the first place. Annually, an estimated “65,000 undocumented students graduate from U.S. high schools” (Dream Act: Fact Sheet, 2010). However, only about 5% to 10% enroll in higher education and iii 1% to 3% graduate from college each year (Russell, 2011), with an even smaller number continuing into graduate school. In Washington State, the undocu-movement advanced with the passage of the 2003 historic law that granted eligibility for in-state tuition rates for undocu-students who previously were charged at international student rate, about twice the rate as in-state tuition.
    [Show full text]
  • Dear Workshoppers, Thank You for Taking the Time to Read and Discuss
    Gerónimo Sarmiento Cruz Chapter I, 5/15 Draft — do not circulate Dear workshoppers, Thank you for taking the time to read and discuss my work. What follows is still a rough draft of the first chapter of my dissertation, provisionally titled Anational Poetics. In brief, ​ ​ by anational I mean an approach to an order of ideas, images, and concepts whose construction and inner logics are independent of the socio-historical ubiquity of the nation. Mainly relying on two concepts, Deleuze and Guattari’s minor literature and James C. Scott’s hidden transcripts, I am elaborating the anational as a hermeneutics allowing us to read against the backdrop of the nation in order to trace and constellate alternative accounts of collectivities as formulated by minority poetries and poetics. The chapter I am workshopping analyzes the work of Gloria Anzaldúa through the lens of the nation form. In relation to the anational, a lot of the work I do in this chapter is still preparatory—I begin to sketch the concept only towards the end of the chapter. I apologize for the length of the document, yet it is important for me that I workshop the entire thing so that I can assess whether the chapter-format is actually working well and conveying what I intend. If you’re pressed for time, you can read the intro and first section only. I would like to receive all feedback you’re willing to provide; yet more specifically I would like to hear your thoughts on the coherence and legibility of the theory employed and on the pertinence and persuasiveness of the structure as prefatory to the anational.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Imagining United States History Through Contemporary Asian American and Latina/O Literature
    LATINASIAN NATION: RE-IMAGINING UNITED STATES HISTORY THROUGH CONTEMPORARY ASIAN AMERICAN AND LATINA/O LITERATURE Susan Bramley Thananopavarn A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English and Comparative Literature in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: María DeGuzmán Jennifer Ho Minrose Gwin Laura Halperin Ruth Salvaggio © 2015 Susan Bramley Thananopavarn ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Susan Thananopavarn: LatinAsian Nation: Re-imagining United States History through Contemporary Asian American and Latina/o Literature (Under the direction of Jennifer Ho and María DeGuzmán) Asian American and Latina/o populations in the United States are often considered marginal to discourses of United States history and nationhood. From laws like the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act to the extensive, racially targeted immigration rhetoric of the twenty-first century, dominant discourses in the United States have legally and rhetorically defined Asian and Latina/o Americans as alien to the imagined nation. However, these groups have histories within the United States that stretch back more than four hundred years and complicate foundational narratives like the immigrant “melting pot,” the black/white binary, and American exceptionalism. This project examines how Asian American and Latina/o literary narratives can rewrite official histories and situate American history within a global context. The literary texts that I examine – including works by Carlos Bulosan, Américo Paredes, Luis Valdez, Mitsuye Yamada, Susan Choi, Achy Obejas, Karen Tei Yamashita, Cristina García, and Siu Kam Wen – create a “LatinAsian” view of the Americas that highlights and challenges suppressed aspects of United States history.
    [Show full text]
  • Crime, Liminality, and the Uncanny in Early Chicano Literature
    Latin American Literary Review Goldwin Smith Hall, Cornell University • Ithaca, NY 14853 • 607-255-4155 Volume 44 / Number 88 2017 E-mail: [email protected] • Website: www.lalrp.net Are Pachucos Subalterns?: Crime, Liminality, and the Uncanny in Early Chicano Literature Paco Martín del Campo ABSTRACT: This article studies the novels of Daniel Venegas, Jovita González, and Américo Paredes that they wrote between 1928- 1938. Indigeneity, marriage, liminality, and volition are major themes in the works of each author, all of which analyze the state of Chicanos in the Southwest during the first decades after the Mexican Revolution. While their plots and characters differ, they are all rooted in the conflict between First Nations and colonial settlers and had to grapple with the existence of pachucos. Because it was necessary for pachucos and pachucas to mediate between their Mexican-born relatives and Euro-Americans, they best represented the state of Mexican America during that era. KEYWORDS: Indigeneity, la chicanada, crime and punishment, liminality, settler-colonialism From 1925 until 1938, three writers named Daniel Venegas, Jovita it is now much easier to access both of González’s works, which González, and Américo Paredes wrote novels that analyze the state she titled Caballero and The Dew on the Thorn, and Paredes’ George of Mexican emigrants and their children living in the U.S. Southwest Washington Gómez. The recovery project allowed Latina and Latino in the decades after the revolution. The characters of their novels intellectuals to analyze these novels in relation to those of contem- exhibited lingering effects from the U.S.-Mexico War, discrimination poraneous authors such as Venegas’ Las Aventuras de Don Chipote.
    [Show full text]
  • Code-Switching in Chicano Theater
    Code-switching in Chicano Theater Print & Media Print & Media Code-switching in Chicano Theater: Power, Identity and Style in Three Plays by Cherríe Moraga Carla Jonsson Skrifter från moderna språk 17 Institutionen för moderna språk Umeå universitet 2005 Print & Media Institutionen för moderna språk Umeå universitet SE-901 87 Umeå Tfn. + 46 90 786 51 38 Fax. + 46 90 786 60 23 http://www.mos.umu.se/forskning/publikationer/ Skrifter från moderna språk 17 Umeå universitet ISSN 1650-304X Skriftseriens redaktör: Raoul J. Granqvist © 2005 Carla Jonsson Omslag: Michael Haglund. Inspirerat av Simón Silva. Layout: Print & Media, Ralf Elo Tryckt av Print & Media, Umeå universitet, 2005: 2000796 ISBN 91-7305-837-8 ISSN 1650-304X Print & Media Para Nancy, Tore y Michael con todo mi amor Print & Media Print & Media Table of contents Conventions of Typography, Transcription and Translations 13 Preface and Acknowledgements 15 1 Introduction 19 1.1 Introduction 19 1.2 Aims 22 1.3 Fieldwork and material 23 1.3.1 Material 24 1.3.2 Playwrights and theater groups 25 1.4 Theoretical perspectives 26 1.4.1 Linguistic anthropology 27 1.4.2 Critical applied linguistics 28 1.4.3 Poststructuralism 29 1.4.4 Postcolonialism 30 1.4.5 Feminist theory: Third World feminism and Chicana feminism 33 1.5 Limitations 36 1.6 Disposition of the thesis 37 Part I: The Chicano Context 2 The Chicanos/-as: Their History and Present Situation 38 2.1 Introduction 38 2.2 Defining the term Chicano/-a 38 2.2.1 A border culture 41 2.2.2 Hybridity, third space, nepantla and in-between-ness
    [Show full text]
  • Alvarado CV 04.13.18
    CURRICULUM VITAE Karina Oliva Alvarado, PhD Chicana and Chicano Studies, UCLA Cell: (626) 639-9059 [email protected] [email protected] preferred EDUCATION PhD Comparative Ethnic Studies, University of California, Berkeley. Dissertation: Transnational Lives and Texts: Writing and Theorizing US / Central American Subjectivities. Chair: Dr. José Saldívar. 2007. UC President’s Postdoctoral Fellow, UCLA, English Department. 2007-2009. M.A. Ethnic Studies, University of California, Berkeley. 2005. B.A. English, University of California, Berkeley. 2002. M.F.A. Mount Saint Mary’s University, Creative Writing. Spring 2019. RESEARCH FOCUS U.S. Central American and Latinx literature; Central American, Chicanx, and Latinx literary, visual and cultural texts and communities in the U.S.; Cultural memory; Transnational narratives; Intercultural Latinx relations; Hemispheric women’s narratives; Critical gendered- racial constructs; Interdisciplinary methods. PUBLICATIONS “Cultural Memory and Making by U.S. Central Americans.” Explores the literary and visual works of 2nd generation Central American novelist Cristina Henríquez, 1.5 poet William Archila, and 2nd generation painter Dalila Mendez as part of U.S. Central American postmemory. Latino Studies XV.4 Winter 2017. http://rdcu.be/xZjA U.S. Central Americans: Reconstructing Memories, Struggles and Communities of Resistance. Coeditor, an anthology on U.S. Central American communities by U.S. Central American scholars on the 1.5 and second generation and migrant Central American communities in California. Arizona University Press. Spring 2017. “A Gynealogy of Cigua Resistance: La Ciguanaba, Prudencia Ayala and Leticia Hernández- Linares in Conversation.” On gendered cultural memory, I explore Cigua-women resistance through the poetic work of Salví (1.5 generation) author Leticia Hernández-Linares; 1930s Salvadoran presidential candidate Prudencia Ayala; and the enduring resilience of the pre and postcolonial legend of la Ciguanaba.
    [Show full text]
  • Latinx/Chicanx Students on the Path to Conocimiento: Critical Reflexivity Journals As Oolst for Healing and Resistance in the Trump Era
    Santa Clara University Scholar Commons Ethnic Studies College of Arts & Sciences 2018 Latinx/Chicanx Students on the Path to Conocimiento: Critical Reflexivity Journals as oolsT for Healing and Resistance in the Trump Era Jesica S. Ferńandez Santa Clara University, [email protected] Alejandra Magaña Gamero Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/ethnic Part of the Ethnic Studies Commons Recommended Citation Fernández, J. S. & Magaña Gamero, A. (2018). Latinx/Chicanx Students on the Path to Conocimiento: Critical Reflexivity Journals as oolsT for Healing and Resistance in the Trump Era. Association of Mexican American Educators (AMAE) Journal, 12(3), 13-32. A peer-reviewed, open access journal This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts & Sciences at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ethnic Studies by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Association of Mexican American Educators Journal A peer-reviewed, open access journal Volume 12 Issue 3 2018 AMAE Special Issue Latinx Education Policy and Resistance in the Trump Era Guest Editors Patricia D. López, William Pérez, California State University, Fresno Loyola Marymount University Editors Patricia Sánchez Antonio J. Camacho The University of Texas at San AMAE, Inc. Antonio Associate Editors Julie L. Figueroa Lucila D. Ek Sacramento State The University of Texas at San Antonio http://amaejournal.utsa.edu ISSN: 2377-9187 Fernández & Magaña Gamero Latinx/Chicanx Students on the Path to Conocimiento: Critical Reflexivity Journals as Tools for Healing and Resistance in the Trump Era1 Jesica Siham Fernández Alejandra Magaña Gamero2 Santa Clara University Abstract Anzaldúa’s concept of conocimiento guides our analysis of Latinx/Chicanx students’ Critical Reflexivity Journals (CRJ) produced in an Ethnic Studies classroom at a predominantly-white institution.
    [Show full text]
  • Chicana/O Latina/O Literature
    Chicana/o Latina/o Literature Contacts 1. District Information Coachella Valley Unified School District 2. Course Contact A. Cover Page 1. Course Title Chicano Latino Literature 2. Transcript Title Chicano Latino Literature 3. Transcript Course Code Chicano/Latino Lit 4. Seeking Honors Distinction? (HS Only) No 5. Subject Area English “B” 6. Grade Levels 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th 7. Unit value 1.0 (one year, 2 semesters, or 3 trimesters equiv) 8. Was this course previously approved by UC? (HS Only) Yes. Berkeley High School (050290) 9. Is this course, or any section of this course, taught in an No online learning environment? 10. Is this course classified as a Career Technical No Education course: (HS Only) 11. Brief Course Description In this literature course, we will take an exciting journey through Chicana/o Latina/o Literature. We will explore how this literature affects, documents, and creates Chicana/o Latina/o identities, politics, and the epistemologies/subjectivities of Chicana/o Latina/o authors in the United States. Through our journey we will use novels, short stories, poetry, performance, screenplays, comedy, spoken word, theatre, essays, music, and film to examine the diversity of themes, issues, and genres within the "Community" and the legacy and development of a growing “Chicana/o Latina/o Cultural Renaissance." We will also use critical performance pedagogy to engage particular problems in the literature and in the community. Through group/team work, community service, and interactive lectures and discussions we will delve into the analysis, accessibility, and application of Chicana/o Latina/o literature. We will ask questions around the issues of--and intersections between--gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, class, language, religion, tradition, colonization, access, citizenship, migration, culture, ideology, epistemology, politics, and love.
    [Show full text]
  • Hispanic Heritage Award Day Santa Fe, NM)
    An illegitimate mestizo cattle driver, Juan Vicente Gómez, became one of three great authoritarian rulers of Venezuela (president, 1908-1910, 1911-1914, 1915-1922, 1923-1929, 193-1935), achieving political stability with the creation of a professional army. 1997 January 1997 SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY Año Nuevo (New Year's Day). 1 1955: Panama’s President 2 1925: José F. Valdez--Medal of 3 1927: Lauro F. Cavazos--first 4 José Antonio Remón is Honor recipient and private first Hispanic secretary of 1954: Robert Menéndez, US assassinated. class in Marine Corps (WWII)-- education (1988) and first in a Representative (D-NJ), is born in is born in Governador, NM. cabinet-level position--is born New York, NY. 1963: Edgar Martínez, in King Ranch, TX. baseball player, is born in New 1961: United States breaks 1994: North American Free York, NY. relations with Cuba. Trade Agreement (NAFTA) takes effect. 1891: Cuban Revolutionary 5 Día de los Tres Reyes 6 1959: United States recognizes 7 1912: José Ferrer, Theater Hall 8 1915: Fernando Lamas, actor, 9 1815: José Gervasio Artigas, 10 1811: 100,000 peasants led 11 Party (Partido Revolucionário commemorates Three Kings Cuba’s new provisional of Fame actor and Oscar winner is born in Buenos Aires, father of Uruguay, defeats by Hidalgo are defeated in Cubano--PRC) is founded by (Wise Men), in Latin America. government, headed by Fidel (Cyrano de Bergerac, 1950), is Argentina. Argentines at Guayabo. Battle of Calderón, Mexico. Cuban national hero José Castro Ruz. born in Santruce, PR. 1959: Rigoberta Menchú Tum, 1839: Eugenio María de Martí.
    [Show full text]