WWF Madagascar ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND REFORESTATION FOR A MORE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MADAGASCAR

Madagascar is the land of superlatives. On the one hand, it as fishing and agricultural products, income from tourism, has an enormous variety of species, which is unparalleled. income from beekeeping in the mangrove areas, medicinal On the other hand, it belongs to the poorest countries in plants, and protection against coastal erosion. The economy the world. Slash-and-burn, illegal logging and mining, of both regions is essentially based on agriculture and fishing, production of firewood and charcoal have led to a drastic but these activities are less and less profitable given climate reduction of forests in Madagascar. More than 90 percent change and ecosystems degradation. Therefore, to survive, of the energy for cooking comes from local wood, which farmers are turning to charcoal activities or migrate to is burned directly or used as charcoal. The demand for become agricultural workers. This migration phenomenon fuelwood has been estimated to 23.5 million cubic meters is particularly observed from the Atsimo Andrefana region of wood. This greatly exceeds the sustainable production to the Menabe region. These migrants also turn to fuelwood capacity of existing forests, which is 9.2 million cubic meter production. This causes further degradation of the dry forests of wood per year (GIZ /ECO, 2015). and the spiny forests which are already affected by clearing for agriculture, as well as gradual extension of these fuelwood BACKGROUND AND KEY ISSUES activities towards the mangroves. The natural forest ecosystems of project target regions Atsimo Andrefana and Menabe, and more specifically WHAT WE DO the protected areas of Menabe Antimena, Kirindy-Mite, This project is addressing this destructive Amoron’Onilahy and Tsimanampetsotse, as well as the exploitation of the forests of the Menabe and Atsimo community-managed mangroves, dry forests, and spiny Andrefana regions forests are home to a unique biodiversity. It is based on WWF’s earlier achievements related to the In these two regions, the fuelwood needs of the population for promotion of sustainable practices along the fuelwood value cooking exceed the capacity of forests to sustainably provide chain, specifically in the southwest of Madagascar: this source of energy, thus leading to their degradation and gradual disappearance. For the Atsimo Andrefana region, this ●●At the landscapes level: 1,500 ha reforested for fuelwood demand exceeded the supply already twelve years ago. Thus, use, 15,000 fuelwood saving cook stoves adopted by the fuelwood production has expanded into protected areas. households, 17,000 ha of natural forests area dedicated For the Menabe region, the sustainable production capacity to sustainable fuelwood production, 1,000 charcoal has been in deficit in relation to fuelwood needs since 2016, producers trained in improved carbonization techniques, and the situation continue to worsen. In both regions, 100% regulations of the fuelwood sector enforced in the Atsimo of fuelwood needs are met by natural forests. For charcoal Andrefana, and the feasibility analysis for Menabe of alone, the consumption of the Atsimo Andrefana region was reforestation for fuelwood purposes is available; estimated at 34,000 tons in 2016 and that of the Menabe ●●At the national level: The New Energy Policy 2015-2030 region at 27,000 tons. This represents an area of 28,000 ha incorporating, for the first time, clear guidelines on the of natural forests. Cities and their agglomerations account for fuelwood sub-sector is in place, a National Fuelwood two thirds of this consumption. Supply Strategy was adopted in 2018, a Bioenergy Law and National Fuelwood Regulation is finalized, national standards on efficient cooking equipment have been MAJOR THREATS developed, as well as national guidelines for reforestation, However, the preservation of these ecosystems is vital for including fuelwood vocation, and finally the adoption of the communities because of the services they provide, such the government initiative to plant 40,000 ha per year. PROJECT GOAL 4 Facilitates households’ access to efficient cook stoves,through support to: By 2030, the unique forests of the Menabe and Atsimo ●● Production and sales of efficient cook stoves following the Andrefana regions are preserved from destructive exploi- national standards by craftsmen in the main towns tation for the production of fuelwood, without jeopardizing ●● Production and promotion of Kamado type efficient cook people’s sustainable access to renewable energy for cooking, stoves (locally made, fix or mobile) at community level, by while contributing to the socio-economic development of the community champions, specifically women, communities 5 Supports communities in alternative income and livelihoods development in Atsimo Andefana, through support to: EXPECTED OUTCOMES ●● Vegetable crops and agroforestry development in villages, By June 2023, in Menabe and Atsimo Andrefana: where charcoal production will end ●● Establishment of micro saving groups to facilitate access ●● The national and regional regulatory frameworks suppor- to finance for sustainable income generating activities by ting sustainable practices in the fuelwood value chain are households in the same? villages enforced ●● 2,725 ha arereforested for fuelwood production including 6 Enables decentralized authorities to take responsibility agroforestry systems generating income for communities regarding sustainable management of the fuelwood value chain ●● 62,350 efficient cook stoves are adopted by households, in Atsimo Andrefana, through : contributing to 40% reduction of fuelwood consumption ●● capacity building in enforcement of fiscal systems and its per household in 4 towns and 47 villages , through promo- valorization to sustain control and monitoring of activities ting producers of efficient cook stoves , especially women. along the fuelwood value chain ●● At least 10 micro savings groups totaling 200 members are operational in at least five communities, contributing to the development of alternative activities and income to PROJECT BENEFICIARIES charcoal production in Atsimo Andrefana ●● 172 Community Based Organizations in Manambolo To reach these outcomes, the project: Tsiribihina and Mahafaly landscapes ●● Citizens of Toliara, Morondava, Belo / Tsiribihina, 1 Promotes enforcement of national frameworks in favor of Mahabo, Miandrivazo, Manja sustainable practices within the fuelwood value chain, by sup- ●● 2.2 million people in Atsimo Andrefana and Menabe porting the: regions ●● Adoption and operationalization of a national monitoring system of effects and impacts of the fuelwood value chain MAIN PROJECT PARTNERS and fuelwood alternatives for cooking Implementation of the national standards for efficient cook stoves production, ●● The Forest and Energy Administration at national and including the related certification process regional level ●● Development and enforcement of a fuelwood regulation ●● The Decentralized Territorial Collectivity (Regions, in Menabe, and consolidation of the Atsimo Andrefana Township) fuelwood regulation enforcement ●● The PREEB Regional Platform for Energy from Biomass in Atsimo Andrefana 2 Engages stakeholders in sustainable practices development and ●● The Fuelwood Regional Commission in Menabe adoption along the fuelwood value chain, through support of ●● The Coalition of Civil Society Organizations FIVE, PRFOS- the: CAA Platform, CRS (Catholic Relief Services), VOAHARY ●● Coordination of stakeholders commitments and interven- Association, ADES, WHH Toliara tion along the fuelwood value chain ●● The CNFEREF (Centre National de Formation, d’Etudes et ●● Facilitation of lessons and experience sharing between de Recherche en Environnement et Forestier), University stakeholders of Toliara ●● constructive contribution of civil society for more sustai- ●● The IOM (International Organization for Migration) nability along the fuelwood value chain ●● Protected Area Managers and TGRN (MNP, Fanamby, Du- ●● Collection of lessons learned and experience sharing rell, CNFEREF, OPCIs, Community Based Organizations) ●● Stakeholders along the fuelwood value chain (Tree Promotes fuelwood production from reforestation, through 3 planters, associations of charcoal producers, fuelwood support to: producers, fuelwood traders, ●● Delimitation and official recognition of lands for refo- transporters, producers/ restation for fuelwood purposes in the two regions, thus For information need users of efficient cooking securing reforestation plots and favoring scaling up Judicael Rakotondrazafy stoves, decentralized ●● Regional reforestation efforts for fuelwood purposes in Menabe Landscape Technical technical services, fuelwood Officer/ Project Coordinator in Atsimo Andrefana users, etc.) Manambolo Tsiribihina Landscape ●● Community based reforestation with agroforestry when WWF-Madagascar relevant [email protected] Jacyntha Ambinintsoa Protected Areas and Terrestrial Biodiversity Technical Officer / Project Coordinator in Mahafaly © WWF Madagascar 2020 All rights reserved. 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