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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-07575-7 - Women Writing Art History in the Nineteenth Century: Looking Like a Woman Hilary Fraser Index More information

Index

Abati, Niccolò, 120 Bartolozzi, Francesco, 52 Accademia, Bologna, 84 Bassi, Laura, 123 Accademia, Florence, 84 Baudouin, Pierre-Antoine, 128 Accademia, Venice, 84 Beckford, William, 124 Ady, Cecilia, 29 Bellini, Giovanni, 93 , 113 Albrizzi, Isobella Teotocchi, 122 Madonna and Child with Sts Nicholas, Peter, Allen, Grant, 96 Benedict and Mark , 53 Allingham, Helen, 169 Benjamin, Walter, 75 Alma-Tadema, Laura, 172 ‘ Th e Task of the Translator’, 75 , 82 Alma-Tadema, Lawrence, 31 Berenson, Bernard, 2 Althann, Countess, 122 his circle, 11 Altick, Richard D., 153 competitiveness, 37 Angelico, Fra, 77 , 79 , 81 , 95 and Edith Cooper, 1–2 Anguissola sisters, 109 and Mary Costelloe, 25 Anstruther-Th omson, Kit, 118 and Maud Cruttwell, 35 , 41 ‘Beauty and Ugliness’, 41 on Maud Cruttwell, 34–5 and Bernard Berenson, 37 and Michael Field, 83 , 93 and Michael Field, 92 Florentine Painters of the Renaissance , 83 lectures on aesthetics, 74 Harvard University, 29 Antonello da Messina, 85 on Vernon Lee, 2 Anzon, Madame, 170 Venetian Painters of the Renaissance , Th e, Arnold, Matthew, 90 25 , 92 Art Journal , 6 , 156 Berenson, Mary, 26 , 40 , see also Costelloe, Mary Art Magazine , 162 and daughter Ray Strachey, 29 Arundel Society, 12 and Elizabeth Eastlake, 39 Athenaeum , 170 and Maud Cruttwell, 35–6 Atlantic Monthly , 165 professional status, 34 Audley, Lady, 161 Berlin Gallery, 22 Ayzac, Félicie d’, 22 Bhabha, Homi, 34 Boccaccio, 105 Baedeker’s Guides, 66 Th e Decameron , 41 Barrett, Elizabeth, 142 , 144 , 146 , see also Browning, Bonheur, Rosa, 172 , 173 Elizabeth Barrett Borgia, Lucrezia, 111 photography, 138–9 Botticelli, Sandro, 31 , 38 , 87 , 93 Barrington, Mrs Russell Birth of Venus , Th e, 107 Essays on the Purpose of Art , 31 Primavera , 107 Life, Letters and Work of Frederic Leighton , Boucher, François, 128 , 132 Th e , 31 Braddon, Mary Elizabeth Reminiscences of G.F. Watts , 31 Lady Audley’s Secret , 13 , 43 , 58–9 Barthes, Roland, 139 Bradley, Katharine, 1 , 11 , see also Field, Michael Bartolomeo da Veneto, 87 , 116 on Maud Cruttwell, 35

221

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-07575-7 - Women Writing Art History in the Nineteenth Century: Looking Like a Woman Hilary Fraser Index More information

222 Index

Bradley, Katharine (cont.) and historiography, 12 , 112–14 and John Ruskin, 11 Mantegna and Francia , 31 professional status, 34 professional status, 17 , 26 British Museum, 70 , 97 , 143 on women in the Renaissance, 111 Brontë, Anne, 45 Cassatt, Mary, 172 , 173 Tenant of Wildfell Hall , Th e, 13 , 44 Castiglione, Countess, 122 Brontë, Branwell, 48 Cavalcaselle, Giovanni Battista, 24 , 38 Brontë, Charlotte Cesarotti, Melchiore, 122 Jane Eyre , 13 , 55 Chambers’ Edinburgh Journal , 156 Villette , 43 , 55 , 57 Chardin, Jean-Baptiste-Siméon, 128 , 130 Broughton, Rhoda Charpentier, Constance Marie, 170 Belinda , 28 Chautauquan , 163 Brown, Emma, 77 Cherry, Deborah, 2 , 18 , 30 , 43 , 58 , 77 , 104 , 105 , Brown, Ford Madox, 167 114 , 135 , 178 Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, see also Barrett, Chicago World’s Fair, 172 Elizabeth Chopin, Kate, 40 Aurora Leigh , 50 Christina of Denmark, 112 Browning, Robert, 110 Clairon, Mademoiselle, 132 ‘Inapprehensiveness’, 179 Clarke, Meaghan, 6 Ring and the Book , Th e, 118 Claude, Gelée, 180 Bryson, Norman, 85 , 90 Clayton, Ellen, 23 , 32 Bulgarelli, Marianna, 122 English Female Artists , 23 , 111 , 170–1 Bunnett, Fanny Elizabeth, 73 Female Warriors , 171 Burckhardt, Jacob, 73 generic range, 62 Burlington Gallery, 84 Clough, Mrs A. H., 73 Burne-Jones, Edward, 7 , 31 Colby, Vineta, 35 Burney, Charles, 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 Comte, Auguste, 72 Burney, Fanny, 117 Cooper, Edith, 1 , 11 , see also Field, Michael Butler, Elizabeth, 169 , 172 and Bernard Berenson, 1–2 , 11 feminism, 175 on Maud Cruttwell, 35 Byron, Lord, 124 professional status, 34 Cooper, Robyn, 67 Caird, Mona, 40 Corilla Olimpica, 120 , 123 Callcott, Augustus, 30 Cornforth, Fanny, 77 Callcott, Maria, 33 , see also Graham, Maria Corot, Jean-Baptiste, 6 Essays Towards the History of Painting , 74 Correggio, 84 , 158 generic range, 62 St Sebastian , 95 Pre-Raphaelitism, 67 Costa, Giovanni, 167 Callen, Anthea, 137 Costelloe, Mary, 93 , see also Berenson, Mary Cameron, Julia Margaret, 141 , 142 , 145 and Elizabeth Eastlake, 37–9 Annals of My Glass House , 140 and Michael Field, 83 , 93 compared with Alice Hughes, 143 and Vernon Lee, 2 feminisation of photography, 140–1 on Walter Pater, 25 ‘La Madonna Aspertante’, 140 on John Ruskin, 25 photographs of Marie Spartali, 104 , 114 professional status, 25 , 27 on photography, 139 , 147 ‘Venetian women & Venetian pictures’, 38 Campo Santo, Pisa, 67–8 , 84 Cowie, Elizabeth, 77 Canova, Antonio, 123 craftwork, 11 , see also decorative arts Capel, Laura, 104 Emilia Francis Dilke on, 128–9 , 130 Carlyle, Th omas, 23 , 140 , 163 , 180 feminist criticism of, 137–8 , 149–50 , 154 Carriera, Rosalba, 109 , 133 and Middle Ages, 154 Cartwright, Julia, 17 versus art, 143 and daughter Cecilia Ady, 29 Craik, Dinah, 45 on Isabella and Beatrice d’ Este, 13 , 26 , 112–14 Olive , 13 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 48–50 , 54–5 feminism, 100 Crane, Lucy, Art and the Formation of Taste , 31

Index 223

Crane, Walter, 149 professional status, 17 , 27–8 , 34 , 104 Crary, Jonathan, Techniques of the Observer , Renaissance of Art in France , Th e, 103 3 , 179 and Royal Academy, 168 Crowe, Joseph Archer, 24, 38 and John Ruskin, 11 , 102 Cruttwell, Maud, 18 on John Ruskin, 100–1 on Berenson, Bernard, 41 ‘ Th e Use of Looking at Pictures’, 103 and Berenson circle, 11 , 34–7 on women in the Renaissance, 111 , 115 books on Italian artists, 31 Diploma Gallery, 168 and feminism, 42 Dixon, Ella Hepworth, Story of a Modern and Vernon Lee, 29 Woman , Th e, 47–8 on Vernon Lee, 37 , 41–2 Dresden Gallery, 84 , 85 Fire and Frost , 40–2 , 60 dress, 14 , 138 , 155–63 Guide to the Paintings in the Florentine Mary Merriﬁ eld on, 33 , 42 Galleries, A , 72 and photography, 140 , 142–3 Luca and Andrea Della Robbia , 26 Ducal Palace, Venice, 84 on Madonna della Stella , 78 Duse, Eleanora, 8 professional status, 26–7 , 34 Duvaux, Lazare, 128

Dabby, Benjamin, 155 Eastlake, Charles, 2 , 21 , 22 , 147 , 149 , 168 David, Jacques-Louis, 128 , 170 Eastlake, Charles Locke, 137 , 162 Davis, Natalie, 100 Hints on Household Taste , 149 De Morgan, Evelyn, 106 , 107 Eastlake, Elizabeth, 176 , see also Rigby, decorative arts, 14 , 148–55 , see also craftwork Elizabeth Emilia Francis Dilke on, 103 , 126 , 129–30 , 137 and Mary Berenson, 39 Cecilia Waern on, 165 on Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle, 38 and Pre-Raphaelitism, 167 and Mary Costelloe, 37–9 Degas, Edgar, 167 critical of British art criticism, 22–3 Denon, Vivant, 131 on Joseph Crowe Archer, 38 Dicksee, Margaret Isabel, ‘Miss Angel’ – Angelika ‘Giovanni Morelli Th e Patriot and Critic’, 24 Kauﬀ mann, introduced by Lady and Anna Jameson, 22, 25 , 39 Wentworth, visits Mr. Reynolds’ studio, 5 2 Five Great Painters , 22 Didron, Adolphe-Napoléon, 22 historiography, 12 Dilke, Charles, 28 , 104 Kugler’s Handbook of the History of Dilke, Emilia Francis, 10 , 18 , 102 , 176 , Painting , 73 see also Pattison, Emilia and Giovanni Morelli, 24–5 Art in the Modern State , 111 , 127 on Giovanni Morelli, 38 Claude Lorrain , 31 photography, 24 decorative arts, 14 , 137 on photography, 33 , 145–7 female artists in the French Academy, 133 professional status, 17 , 23–5 , 27 , 38 feminism, 43 , 100 on John Ruskin, 174 French Engravers and Draughtsmen of the Society of Female Artists, 175 XVIIIth Century , 131 Works of Art and Artists in England , 22 French Furniture and Decoration in the education, 20 , 29–30 , 170 , 177 XVIIIth Century , 129 in ﬁ ction, 45 , 49 , 57–8 French Painters of the XVIIIth Century , life classes, 159–60 126–9 , 132 Egg, Augustus, 168 French Renaissance, 103–4 eighteenth-century art gendered nature of her work, 129–33 Emilia Francis Dilke on, 14 , 27 , 126–33 , 137 historicism, 103 Vernon Lee on, 117–26 intellectual marginalisation, 29 Rosamund Marriott Watson on, 152–3 model for Dorothea in Middlemarch , 28–9 ekphrasis, 1 , 13 , 63 , 76–92 , see also translation and Walter Pater, 103 Elie, Madame, 170 on Walter Pater, 28 Eliot, George, 72 , 135 , 150 on Pompadour, Madame de, 132–3 Middlemarch , 28 , 43 , 56–7 , 95 preoccupation with the ‘foreign’, 134–5 Mill on the Floss , Th e, 153

224 Index

Eliot, George (cont.) Francia, Francesco, 31 outside art profession, 33 French Revolution, 127 Romola , 13 , 81–2 Freud, Sigmund, 151 ‘Silly Novels by Lady Novelists’, 175 Frith, William Powell on Sistine Madonna , 95–6 Derby Day , 168 Ellet, Elizabeth, Women Artists in All Ages and Fry, Roger, 19 , 174 Countries , 23 , 32 , 111 , 170 Fuller, Loie, 163 Este, Isabella and Beatrice d’, 26 , 112–15 Gainsborough, Th omas, 142 , 158 Farinelli, 120 galleries, see individual galleries Farquhar, Maria, 30 Gaskell, Elizabeth, 150 Feltes, N. N., 19 Life of Charlotte Brontë , 50 female artists, 175–7 , see also individual artists Gauguin, Paul, 166 books on, 32 gaze, see also spectatorship Ellen Clayton on, 23 , 62 gendered, 2 , 3 Emilia Francis Dilke on, 104–10 in Browning’s ‘Inapprehensiveness’, 179 feminist scholarship on, 18 in Field’s journals, 179 in ﬁ ction, 43–58 , 60–1 in Lee’s Miss Brown , 59 miscellaneous female art critics on, 169–74 lesbian, 11 Elizabeth Robins Pennell on, 137 in Levy’s Romance of a Shop , 143 and the Renaissance, 104–10 male, 76–7 Elizabeth Rigby on, 64 and Alice Meynell, 8–10 feminist scholarship, 3–4 , 10 , 18 , 29–30 , 43–4 , in Ritchie’s Miss Angel , 51–4 47 , 58 , 99–100 , 176–7 , see also individual stereoscopic, of Lee and Anstruther- scholars Th omson, 97 Ferrugia, Gemma, Woman’s Folly , 42 stereoscopic in Field’s Sight and Song , ﬁ ction, 40–61 , see also individual authors 84–92 Field, Michael, 1 , 176 , see also Bradley, Katharine Gentileschi, Artemisia, 18 , 110 , 171 and Cooper, Edith Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 95 on Antonello da Messina’s Saint ‘ Th e Yellow Wallpaper’, 151 Sebastian , 86–7 Giorgione, 84 , 91 , 93 on Bartolomeo da Veneto’s Idealized Portrait Giotto, 140 of a Courtesan as Flora , 87–9 Girton College, 173 and the Berensons, 82–3 , 92–3 Gluck, Christoph Willibald, 118 on Botticelli’s Venus and Mars , 87 Orpheus , 125 on Correggio, 95 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 124 on Correggio’s Saint Sebastian , 85–6 Goethe, Ottilie von, 108 on Giorgione’s Th e Sleeping Venus , 91–2 Goldoni, Carlo, 63 , 122 journal, 94–5 Goncourt brothers, 27 , 130 , 132 and Vernon Lee, 97 , 116 Gonzago, Elizabeth, 112 lesbian gaze, 11 Gosse, Edmund, 42 Long Ago , 83 Gouges, Olympe de, 9 outside art profession, 33 Gozzi, Carlo, 117 , 122 Sight and Song , 1 , 82–95 , 98 Grafton Gallery, 167 , 172 on Sistine Madonna , 95 Graham, Maria, see also Callcott, Maria Tannhäuser , 94 Description of the Chapel of the Annunziata Fine Art Society, 164 , 167 dell’Arena , 30 Fleming, George, 162 , 167 Essays Towards the History of Painting , 30 Fletcher, Constance, see Fleming, George guidebooks, 65 Fontana, Lavinia, 109 informal genres, 64 Forbes, Mrs Stanhope, 172 Memoirs of the Life of Nicholas Poussin , 30 Foster, Mrs Jonathan, 73 travel writing, 64 Foucault, Michel, 70 Grand Duke’s Palace, Weimar, 84 Th e Order of Th ings , 8 Great Exhibition, 149 , 153–8 Fragonard, Jean-Honoré, 127 , 128 , 130 , 131 Greer, Germaine, 18

Index 225

Greuze, Jean-Baptiste, 128 , 131 , 170 Illustrated Exhibitor and Magazine of Grismondi, Countess, 122 Art , 57 Grosvenor Gallery, 105 , 163 , 164 Illustrated London News , 163 Grote, Harriet, 175 Impressionism, 139 , 165–7 , 173 Guest, Charlotte, 62 Irving, Washington, 124 guidebooks, 13 , 63 , see also travel writing Israel, Kali, 103 , 104 , 131 , 132 Maud Cruttwell, 72 Maria Graham, 64 James, Henry, 130 Anna Jameson, 17 , 64 , 65 , 71 Jameson, Anna, 10 , 12 , 176 Mary Merrifi eld, 74 Diary of an Ennuyée , 64 , 65 Mariana Starke, 66–8 and Elizabeth Eastlake, 22 , 25 , 39 Kate Th ompson, 71–2 experiments in style, 13 Guillemard, Sophie, 170 on female artists, 107–10 Gunning, Tom, 121 feminism, 100 Guyard, Madame, 133 guidebooks, 65 , 71 Handbook to the Public Galleries of Art Hampton Court, 84 in and near London , 31 , 65 Harmsworth Magazine , 144 , 147 historiography, 12 Havers, Alice, 163 History of Our Lord , Th e, 22 Hawarden, Clementina, 139 , 142 , 145 ‘ Th e House of Titian’, 22 Haweis, Mary Elizabeth, 161–2 infl uences, 22 Art of Beauty , Th e, 161 informal genres, 64 Art of Dress , Th e, 161 Legends of the Madonna , 32 , 107 Hawthorne, Nathaniel Memoirs of the Early Italian Painters , 22 , 30 , on Manchester Art Treasures 64 , 71 , 73 Exhibition, 15–16 Pre-Raphaelitism, 67 Marble Faun , Th e, 16 , 17 , 56 professional status, 17 , 18 , 20–2 , 25 , 31–2 , 34 Hawthorne, Sophia Peabody, 17 and John Ruskin, 2 , 22 , 174 Notes in England and Italy , 16 Sacred and Legendary Art , 21 , 64 Heaton, Mary Margaret, 22 , 23 , see also Heaton, on Sistine Madonna , 95 Mrs Charles translations, 73–4 generic range, 62 travel writing, 124 History of the Life of Albrecht Dürer , 30 Visits and Sketches at Home and Abroad , 64 , Heaton, Mrs Charles, 73 , see also Heaton, Mary 65 , 109 , 169 Margaret and Gustav Waagen, 22 H e ff ernan, James, 76 , 77 , 84 Winter Studies and Summer Rambles in Hermitage, 70 Canada , 73 , 74 Herschel, John, 147 Jay, Martin, 3 , 98 historiography, 12 , 19 , 61 , 74 , 178 , 182 Johnston, Judith, 31 , 65 , 73 Julia Cartwright, 112–14 Jopling, Louise, 163 , 169 , 172 Emilia Francis Dilke, 111–12 journalism, 16 , 17 , 144 , 164 , 174 , and feminism, 174 see also individual authors Vernon Lee, 111 , 112 , 115–26 Mary Elizabeth Haweis, 162 Holbein, Hans the Younger, 161 in Levy’s Romance of a Shop , 144 Holcomb, Adele, 17 , 22 , 31 , 107 Alice Meynell, 9 Homebolt, Susannah, 171 Elizabeth Robins Pennell, 136–7 Howard, Catherine, 161 Emily Pfeiff er, 77 Howitt, Anna Mary, 46 women’s literary, 137 Art Student in Munich, An , 57 Sisters in Art, Th e , 46–7, 57–8 Kaplan, Cora, 55 Hughes, Alice, 142–3 , 144 , 147 Kauff mann, Angelica, 51 , 168 , 173 Hughes, Edward, 142 as character in Miss Angel , 51–4 Hugo, Victor, 111 Kelly, Joan, 99 , 103 , 112 Hunt, William Holman, 167 Kemp-Welch, Lucy, 169 Hutton, Margaret, 73 Kneller, Godfrey, 158

226 Index

Kugler, Franz Levy, Amy, Romance of a Shop , Th e, 143–5 , 148 Handbook of the History of Painting , 3 1 Lew, Laurie Kane, 19 , 20 , 21 , 31 Lewes, George Henry, 81 , 96 L. E. L., ‘Poetical Sketches of Modern Lind, Jenny, 175 Pictures’, 76 London Magazine , 156 Ladies’ Treasury , 161 Louis XV, 132 LaFarge, John, 164 Louvre, 84 , 173 Lancret, Nicolas, 130 Lübke, Wilhelm, 73 Lander, Louise, 31 Luini, Bernardino, 158 Landseer, Edwin, 168 Luzio, Alessandro, 26 Lawrance, Hannah, 31 , 169–70 , 175 on Great Exhibition, 154–6 Magazine of Art , 6 , 167 , 171 on Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition, 155 Maharaj, Sarat, 75 Layard, Henry, 24 Maltz, Diana, 97 Ledoux, Philiberte, 170 Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition, 15 , 154 Lee, Vernon, 10 , 18 , 176 Manet, Edouard, 166 , 167 , 172 Althea , 121 Mantegna, Andrea, 12 , 31 , 40 ‘Beauty and Ugliness’, 41 , 96 , 97 Maratti, Faustina, 120 , 122 and Bernard Berenson, 2 , 11 , 35 , 37 Maria Th eresa, 122 and Browning’s ‘Inapprehensiveness’, 179 Marsh, Jan, 176 contrast with Dilke’s French Painters of the Martineau, Harriet, 72 XVIIIth Century , 126–7 Marx, Karl, 180 and Maud Cruttwell, 29 , 35 , 37 , 41–2 Mayer, Constance, 170 Euphorion , 111 , 115–16 McGann, Jerome, 11 on female artists, 60 Medici, Lorenzo de’, 111 , 113 feminism, 100 Merriﬁ eld, Mary and Michael Field, 92 Art of Fresco Painting , Th e, 26 , 156 foreignness, 134–5 Dress as a Fine Art , 33 , 156 , 158–60 generic experimentation, 65 generic range, 62 Hortus Vitae , 37 on Great Exhibition, 156–8 historicism, 103 Handbook of Light and Shade , 74 and historiography, 12 , 111 , 115–26 on Anna Jameson, 32 and Alice Meynell, 8 ‘ Th e Need of Sanitary Knowledge to Miss Brown , 59–60 , 103 Women’, 43 on paciﬁ sm, 43 ‘On the Harmony of Colours in its and Walter Pater, 102 application to Ladies’ Dress’, 156 physiological aesthetics, 96–8 Original Treatises on the Arts of Painting , 26 , ‘Postscript on Ruskin’, 179–82 32 , 73 , 156 preoccupation with the ‘foreign’, 134 Practical Directions for Portrait Painting in professional status, 34 Water-Colours , 74 , 156 , 158 reading of portraits, 13 , 33 professional status, 25–6 , 32–3 Renaissance and modernity, 112 sartorial aesthetic, 33 , 160 , 162 on John Ruskin, 101–2 translations, 73 , 74 Studies of the Eighteenth Century in Italy , 117–21 Metastasio, Pietro, 120 , 122 , 124 on women in the Renaissance, 111 Meyer, Julius, 73 Lefevere, André, 74 Meynell, Alice, 17 , 164 , 169 , 176 Leighton, Frederic, 82 on Edward Burne-Jones, 7 Cimabue’s Celebrated Madonna , 104 on Elizabeth Butler, 171 Lely, Peter, 158 ‘ Th e Colour of Life’, 9–10 Leonardo da Vinci, 22 , 70 , 84 , 85 on Jean-Baptiste Corot, 6 letters, 10 on Edgar Degas, 166–7 Berenson Archive, 34–9 , 82–3 , 92–3 ‘Eyes’, 6 Elizabeth Eastlake, 25 feminism, 8–9 , 175 Elizabeth Rigby, 69–71 great-grandmother of Laura Mulvey, 4 and travel, 64 ‘ Th e Horizon’, 6

Index 227

Impressionism, 165 Moser, Mary, 51 , 168 , 173 and Vernon Lee, 8 and Royal Academy, 168–9 model for Patmore’s Angel in the House , 4 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 118 naked body, 9–10 , 11 Mulvey, Laura on process of perception, 6 great-granddaughter of Alice Meynell, 4 ‘Rain’, 6 ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’, 4 range of publications, 6 Murillo, Bartolomé Estebán, 158 and Royal Academy, 168 , 169 Murray, Charles Fairfax, 180 and John Ruskin, 11 museums, see individual museums on John Ruskin, 7–8 on Diego Velázquez, 8 Nation , 167 , 173 ‘ Th e Wares of Autolycus’, 8 , 144 , 169 National Gallery, 15 , 22 , 24 , 84 , 87 , 97 , 112 , Works of John S. Sargent , Th e, 8 158 , 168 Meynell, Wilfred, 4 New Gallery, 172 Michelangelo, 48 , 59 , 110 , 173 Newlyn School, 6 , 167 Michelet, Jules, 111 Newton, Isaac, 123 Middle Ages, 13 , 99 , 100 , 135 Newton, Judith Lowder, 99 , 100 and craftwork, 154–5 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 63 Vernon Lee on, 101–2 , 111 , 117 Nightingale, Florence, 172 John Ruskin on, 180 Nochlin, Linda, 174 Millais, John, 167 , 180 nude, the Miller, Florence Fenwick, 163 , 175 in Field’s Sight and Song , 86 on Rosa Bonheur, 172 Mary Merriﬁ eld on, 159–60 feminism, 175 Alice Meynell on, 9–10 , 11 and Royal Academy, 168 , 169 in Villette , 56 sartorial aesthetics, 163 Nunn, Pamela Gerrish, 23, 176 Millet, Jean-François, 31 Mitchell, W. J. T., 184 Oliphant, Margaret, 17 , 31 , 45 , 150 Mitford, Mary Russell, 138 Makers of Venice , Th e , 34 models, 132 professional status, 34 in Craik’s Olive , 54–5 Th ree Brothers , Th e, 44 , 47 in Eliot’s Middlemarch , 56–7 Osborn, Emily Mary, Nameless and Friendless , 4 4 in Field’s Sight and Song , 89 in Howitt’s Sisters in Art , 57–8 Pacchierotti, Gaspare, 120 , 123 , 125 in Lee’s Miss Brown , 59–60 Paget, Violet, see Lee, Vernon in Levy’s Romance of a Shop , 143 Pall Mall Gazette , 8 , 144 , 148 , 150 , 162 Pre-Raphaelite, 77 Parini, Giuseppe, 122 modernity, 2 , 3 , 63 , 98 , 104 , 112 , 163–74 Paris Exposition, 164 Vernon Lee’s, 125 Parker, Rozsika, 107 , 137 and Victorian interior design, 152–4 Parmigianino, 158 Molinier, Emile, 26 Passavant, J. D., 22 , 73 Monet, Claude, 167 Pater, Walter, 2 , 182 Mongez, Angélique, 170 and Emilia Francis Dilke, 28 , 29 , 128 , 134 Montalba, Clara, 169 and female art historians, 100 Morelli, Giovanni, 25 , 38 and Michael Field, 92 and Elizabeth Eastlake, 24–5 Studies in the History of the Renaissance , 28 Italian Masters in German Galleries , 24 ‘Winckelmann’, 120 Morelli, Maria Maddalena, see Corilla Olimpica Patmore, Coventry, 4 Morgan, Lady, Life and Times of Salvator Rosa , Pattison, Emilia, 28 , see also Dilke, Emilia Th e, 30 Francis Morisot, Berthe, 172 , 173 Renaissance of Art in France , Th e, 28 Morrell, Ottoline, 35 Pattison, Mark, 28 , 104 , 134 Morris, Jane, 77 Pennell, Elizabeth Robins, 31 , 164 Morris, Marshall, Falkner & Co., 167 ‘A Century of Women’s Rights’ (review), 43 Morris, William, 137 , 149 , 154 , 162 ‘Art in the Victorian Era’, 167–8

228 Index

Pennell, Elizabeth Robins (cont.) Post-Impressionism, 174 ‘Art and Women’, 173 , 174 Prado, 173 ‘Les Arts de la Femme’, 14 , 163 Pre-Raphaelitism, 58–60 , 67 , 77 , 139 on female artists, 136 , 137 , 172–4 female artists, 176–7 generic range, 62 Probyn, Elspeth, 3 on Impressionism, 165 , 167 professionalisation, 2 , 11 , 12 , 15–39 , Life of Mary Wollstonecraft , 43 see also individual writers ‘Posters in London’, 164 Psomiades, Kathy Alexis, 91 on Pre-Raphaelitism, 167–8 Punch , 156 and Royal Academy, 168 Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre, 165 on Society for Women Artists, 176 Perfetti, Bernardino, 120 , 122 Quarterly Review , 24 , 145 , 160 Perugino, Pietro, 113 Queen , 162 Petrarch, 120 Pfeiff er, Emily, 77–81 Radcliff e, Ann, 124 Flying Leaves from East and West , 77 Rae, Henrietta, 169 ‘ Th e Joy of Joys’, 77 , 79–81 Raphael, 24 , 31 , 70 , 158 ‘ Th e Sorrow of Sorrows’, 79–81 Sistine Madonna , 95–6 Women and Work , 77 Reboul, Marie-Th érèse, 133 Photographic Society of London, 139 , 142 Rembrandt, 70 , 158 , 173 photography, 11 , 14 Renaissance, 13 artistic status of, 137–8 Bernard Berenson on, 25 , 92 Elizabeth Barrett on, 138–9 Julia Cartwright on, 112–14 Julia Margaret Cameron, 104 , 139 , 140–2 Maud Cruttwell on, 41–2 Elizabeth Eastlake on, 24 , 25 , 33 , 145–7 Emilia Francis Dilke on, 130 and Michael Field, 93 George Eliot on, 81–2 Clementina Hawarden, 139 Michael Field on, 84 Alice Hughes, 142–3 Vernon Lee on, 33 , 65 , 101–2 , 111 , 112 , and Impressionism, 165–6 115–17 , 181 in Levy’s Romance of a Shop , 143–5 Emilia Pattison on, 28 physiological aesthetics, 92 , 94–8 John Ruskin on, 180 Pilon, Germaine, 103 Mariana Starke on, 67–8 Pindemonte, Ippolito, 122 and women, 99–110 poetry, 4 , 105, 110 , 123 , Renier, Rudolpho, 26 see also individual poets Reynolds, Joshua, 140 , 168 Robert Browning, 179 infl uence on Alice Hughes, 142 courtly love, 111 infl uence on Merrifi eld, Mary, 158 ekphrastic, 1 , 76–81 , 82–93 in Miss Angel , 51–2 Mariana Starke, 68 Rigby, Elizabeth on, 70 , 161 Pollaiuolo, Antonio, 31 Richter, Louise Schwab, 24 Pollock, Griselda, 18 , 30 , 58 , 59 , 77 , 107 Riedel, August, 158 Pompadour, Madame de, 132–3 Rigaud, Hyacinthe, 131 Portman Rooms, 164 Rigby, Elizabeth, 160 , portraits, 166 see also Eastlake, Elizabeth, in Craik’s Olive , 54 ‘Th e Art of Dress’, 90 Emilia Francis Dilke on, 128 , 130–3 dress as fi ne art, 160 , 162 and ekphrastic poetry, 87–9 generic range, 62 Vernon Lee on, 14 , 119–20 guidebooks, 64 , 65 of Vernon Lee, 180–1 ‘Lady Travellers’, 68–9 Mary Merrifi eld on, 158–9 Letters from the Shores of the Baltic , 64 , 69–71 Alice Meynell, 5 , 8 ‘Life and Works of Th orvaldsen’, 69 photography, 138–9 , 140 , 142–3 , 145 , 146 Music and the Art of Dress , 160 Pre-Raphaelite, 58–9 , 77 professional status, 34 and the Renaissance, 104–10 , 112 Tour of a German Artist in England , 22 Elizabeth Rigby on, 160–1 Rio, Alexis-François, 22 in Ritchie’s Miss Angel , 51–4 De la Poésie Chrétienne , 31

Index 229

on Anna Jameson, 2 Singleton, Henry, 51 on John Ruskin, 2 Sirani, Elisabetta, 109 , 110 Ritchie, Anne Th ackeray Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard de, 124 Fulham Lawn , 13 Slade Professorship, 19 , 20 Miss Angel , 13 , 50–4 Smyth, Ethel, 97 Roberti, Countess, 122 Society for Women Artists, 176 Romano, Giulio, 114 Society of Female Artists, 175 , see also Society for Roslin, Mademoiselle, 133 Women Artists Rossetti, Christina, 163 Sontag, Susan, 141 ‘In an Artist’s Studio’, 77 Spada, Leonello, 120 Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 58 , 77 , 104 , 105 , 131 , 167 Spartali, Marie, 104 , 105 , 106 , 114 Royal Academy, 18 , 48 , 51 , 164 , 168 , 172 , 173 spectatorship, see also gaze and female painters, 168–9 and Michael Field, 94 Royal Aquarium, 164 gendered, 2 , 4 , 80–1 , 84 , 179 Royal Commission on the Fine Arts, 25 Vernon Lee on, 97 , 118 Royal School of Arts, 164 Alice Meynell on, 8–10 Rubens, Peter Paul, 20 , 110 , 128 , 158 , 159 in Villette , 56 Rumohr, Karl Friedrich von, Italienische Städel’sche Institut, Frankfurt, 84 Forschungen , 22 Staël, Madame de, 124 Ruskin, John, 2 , 124 , 162 Corinne , 65 , 68 , 123 and Browning’s ‘Inapprehensiveness’, 179 Starke, Mariana, 66–8 , 74 decorative arts, 137 Information and Directions for Travellers on the his circle, 11 Continent , 66–8 and Emilia Francis Dilke, 29 , 100–1 , 134 Travels in Italy , 66 and female art historians, 100 , 174 Stein, Richard, 74 and Michael Field, 90 , 92 Stokes, Marianne, 169 on Anna Jameson, 2 , 21 , 25 Strachey, Ray, 29 and Vernon Lee, 101–2 , 179–82 Swynnerton, Annie, 168 , 172 and Alice Meynell, 7–8 and Pre-Raphaelitism, 167 Tanguy, Julien-François, 166 Modern Painters , 20 , 170 Tate Gallery, 176 , 180 Praeterita , 21 Taylor, Una Ashworth, 205 , 206 Stones of Venice , Th e , 2 1 Teerlinck, Lavinia, 171 Tennyson, Alfred, Princess , Th e, 110 Sablé, Madame de, 135 Th erbouche, Madame, 133 Sackville-West, Vita, on Alice Meynell, 4–6 Th ompson, Kate, 71–2 Sambourne, Linley, 164 Handbook to the Public Picture Galleries of Sargent, John Singer, 5 , 180 Europe , 71 Sarto, Andrea del, 158 Th orvaldsen, Bertel, 69 Schaff er, Talia, 9 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 154 , 161 T i ff any Studio, 164 Schopenhauer, Arthur, 63 Tilley, Heather, 55 Scott, Joan, 177 Tintoretto, Jacopo, 84 , 173 sculpture Tintoretto, Marietta, 109 in fi ction, 56–7 Titian, 23 , 48, 109 , 117 , 158 Mary Merrifi eld on, 160 Assumption , 52 Helen Zimmern on, 171 Toynbee Hall, 74 Sebastiano del Piombo, 158 translation, 43 , 62 , 63 , 72–6 , Seymour, Miranda, 35 see also ekphrasis Sforza, Ludovico, 112 , 113 Walter Benjamin on, 82 Shakespeare, William, 117 ekphrastic, 77 , 82–3 , 90, 93 , 97 Sherman, Claire Richter, 29 , 62 and Michael Field, 92 , 97–8 Siddall, Elizabeth, 58 , 77 and Vernon Lee, 121 Signorelli, Luca, 31 , 35 travel writing, 10 , 63–72 , see also guidebooks and Silvia Verza, Marchesa, 122 individual writers Simon, Sherry, 73 , 75–6 Trevelyan, Pauline, 104

230 Index

Trollope, Frances, 55 on John LaFarge, 164 Domestic Manners of the Americans , 55 on Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, 164–5 Turner, J. M. W., 139 , 180 ‘Some Notes on French Impressionism’, Twining, Louisa, 43 165–6 , 172 Tynan, Katharine, 163 Watson, Rosamund Marriott, 149 , 150 Art of the House , Th e, 148–9 , 150–4 U ﬃ zi, 84 , 97 , 173 on Great Exhibition, 153–4 Uwins, Th omas, 159 Watteau, Jean-Antoine, 84 , 85 , 87 , 95 , 128 , 153 Watts, G. F., 31 Vadillo, Ana Parejo, 92 Whewell, William, 156 Vallayer, Anne, 133 Whistler, James McNeill, 139 , 167 Van Dyck, Anthony, 140 , 158 , 159 , 161 Wilde, Oscar, ‘Th e Critic as Artist’, 177 Van Gogh, Vincent, 166 Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, 120 Vasari, Giorgio, 23 , 72 , 73 Women’s Trade Union League, 129 Velázquez, Diego, 8 , 140 , 158 , 173 Woolf, Virginia, 174 Veronese, Paolo, 158 Room of One’s Own, A , 29 , 110 Verrocchio, Andrea del, 31 To the Lighthouse , 47 Vicinus, Martha, 84 , 87 Wynﬁ eld, David Wilkie, 142 Vigée-Lebrun, Elizabeth-Louise, 133 , 173 Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, 122 Yeats, W. B., 98

Waagen, Gustav, 20 , 21 , 22 , 73 Zimmern, Helen, 17 , 31 Waern, Cecilia ‘ Th e Work of Miss Bessie Potter’, 171 on Impressionism, 165–6 generic range, 63