Jaguar Saloon Cars a Monthly Series - Part 1 by Tony Johnson
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Jaguar Saloon Cars A monthly series - Part 1 By Tony Johnson Over 90 years ago Swallow cars came onto the market in the UK. It was 1927 to be precise. These brightly coloured li%le cars were the &rst o'erings from )illiam Lyons (later Sir )illiam, and although they were coach- uilt cars ased on the .us/n Seven chassis and running gear0 the 1am oyant styling and lu2urious &nish paved the way for a very uni3ue range of cars to follow. )hen compared to the larger 4aguar saloons that were to follow0 these li%le cars highlight the rela/vely hum le eginnings of this legendary motor car manufacturer. The Lyons style of 1owing lines0 which has iden/&ed 4aguar cars for decades0 was &rst introduced with SS1 saloon and emphasised with the second series introduced in 1935. The SS .irline whilst not a favourite of Sir )illiam6s was an art deco fashion design of the same period. 7y then the mold was cast and su se3uent cars including the SS 4aguar introduced in 1937 were all fashioned in the uni3ue style synonymous with Sir )illiam Lyons. The 8ark 5 saloon modernised the previous rather chunky look in 1959 efore the 8ark 7 introduced a totally modern and up to date very fast saloon for the e2ecu/ve classes. This lu2ury car esta lished the slogan of :grace...pace...and space6. The 8ark 8 and eventually the 8ark 9 4aguars evolved systema/cally from these early designs and retained the classical )illiam Lyons6 style. The gradual change and design in1uences can e easily seen as each model was updated and improved. The 8ark 10 retained the classical 4aguar side window design ut otherwise was 3uite a styling departure. However0 when viewed with the 8ark10 8ark 20 S Type and 520 the lending of each of these disparate designs clearly evolves into the classic shape introduced with the X4 saloon in 1968. Here too the styling evolu/on con/nues with the o2y look of the front of the Series 1 X4 saloons giving way to the neater appearance of the Series 2 and more modern looking Pinanfarina in1uenced Series 3 in 1979. .s with the 8ark 10 in its day0 the X450 series came in for cri/cism over its shape when released. This was the &rst saloon to e designed without Sir )illiam Lyons involvement and the fact that it took thirteen years to evolve indicates the di?culty encountered in crea/ng an all new 4aguar concept in motoring y those appointed to carry on the mar3ue a@er Sir )illiam6s skills were lost. 7ut here again the evolu/on con/nues with the X300 Series introduced in 1995 lending the more curvaceous features of the classic Series 3 with those of the s3uarer X4500 with further detail enhancements eing further introduced with the cleaner lines of the X308 in 1997. The line of evolving styles con/nued into the X Type introduced in 20010 eing the smallest 4aguar since the 2.5 litre of 1955 and the new X350 all aluminium odied X4 Series saloons announced in 2003 and whilst this is a much larger car overall than all previous X4 saloons the lineage is very o vious to see. 36 The 21 st century has seen the introduc/on of totally new 4aguar designs with the XA0 all new X40 restyled XK and A Type as well as the SUB6s0 ut most signi&cantly these cars share no lineage with previous models in their design. This new direc/on in styling has een a key thrust of the current 4aguar design team y crea/ng all new cars with a view towards the future of 4aguar rather than evolving from designs of the past. .lthough 4aguar Cars Ltd was a rela/vely small manufacturer they paved the way as pioneers in the motoring world and con/nue to do so with state of the art features including electronics and ody uilding techni3ues. .ll throughout the styling evolu/on0 mechanical improvements have een ongoing with 4aguar cars developing features which changed the future of the automo/ve industry including disc rakes0 radial ply tyres0 and suspension and chassis packages providing the est ride availa le for comfort and handling. Over the ne2t issues of our clu magaDine0 the focus will e on the 4aguar Saloon Cars. The full list of these cars follows. There have also een many variants such as the royal limousines0 &re tenders and police speci&ca/on cars. .us/n Swallow 2-Seater .us/n Swallow Saloon SS1 Saloon SS1 5-Seater Tourer SS1 .irline Saloon SS2 SS 4aguar 2.5 Litre (Coach 7uilt, SS 4aguarE2.5 LitreE3.5 Litre (8ark 5, 2.5 LitreE3.5 Litre Drop Head Coupe (8ark 5, 8ark 5 Saloon 8ark 5 Drop Head Coupe 8ark 7 8ark 78 8ark 8 8ark 9 2.5 Litre (8ark 1, 3.5 Litre 8ark 2 Daimler B8 2.5 Litre 250 E350 Daimler B8 250 8ark 10 S Type 520 Daimler Sovereign 520G X46 Series 1 Daimler Sovereign Series 1 X412 Series 1 X46 and Daimler Sovereign Series 2 Daimler Sovereign Series 2 X4C X412L Series 2 X46 and Sovereign Series 3 Daimler Dou le Si2 Series 3 Daimler DS520 Limousine Daimler DS520 1 st 0 2 nd and 3 rd up Upgrades X46 and Sovereign 3.6E 5.0 Litre (X450 series, Daimler 3.6E 5.0 Litre (X450 Series, X460 Sovereign and X4R (X300 series, X480 Sovereign and X4R (X308 series, S-Type B6 3 Litre S-Type B8 5 Litre 37 X-Type 3.0 Litre X Type 2.1 Litre X Type Estate Car X460 X480 Sovereign and X4R (X350 Series, Daimler Super Eight (X350 Series, XA Saloon XAR Saloon X4 Saloon (X351 Series, XE Saloon Ausn Swallow 2-Seater (1927-1932, Introduced in 19270 the .us/n Swallow was ased on the successful .us/n 7 chassis and mechanicals which Her ert .us/n produced as an alterna/ve to the motorcycle and side car com ina/on. Swallow had un/l 1927 only uilt motorcycle side cars ut )illiam Lyons saw an opportunity to ecome part of the car industry y producing a coach- uilt small car at an a'orda le price. 7y producing a small well- uilt lu2ury car Swallow was to create a niche market appealing to owners who wish to e di'erent. This ecame par/cularly appropriate at the /me of the great depression when .us/n were producing cheap and a'orda le cars for the pu lic with their :760 whilst Swallow provided their uni3ue lu2ury version for the more aJuent sector. The .us/n Swallow was ini/ally only produced as a two-seat open tourer for which a remova le hard top was o'ered as an op/onal e2tra. .s produc/on stepped up0 the .us/n Swallow underwent changes during 1927 when the original cycle guards were replaced y full guards and running oards. Each year the radiator was restyled to add a new dimension to each :new model6 which appeared slightly more modern with each update. 38 Ausn Swallow Saloon (1929-1932, The four seat .us/n Swallow saloon was introduced in 1929 and provided lu2ury motoring at a modest cost for those who could a'ord it and although small featured lu2ury appointments including leather upholstery and wood veneer trim. In the saloon0 fresh air ven/la/on was provided via small periscope vents0 reminiscent of the system used in shipping and mounted on either side of the car6s scu%le. .ll .us/n Swallows were sold in right two-tone paint schemes which add a touch of frivolity to the li%le cars. The formula worked and ini/ally the demand for cars e2ceeded Swallow6s a ility to supply ut a semi produc/on line process was adopted to facilitate the uilding of the re3uired num ers of cars. .ll cars were uilt using tradi/onal coachwork methods with steel ody panels a%ached to a wooden frame. Swallow saloon odies were &%ed to a variety of chassis including .lvis0 Aiat0 8orris0 Standard0 Swi@ and )olseley0 all of which followed the same asic design of the .us/n. More next month…………. Tony 39 .