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NATIVE NAMES and USES of SOME PLANTS of EASTERN GUATEMALA Mid HONDURAS

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NATIVE NAMES and USES of SOME PLANTS of EASTERN GUATEMALA Mid HONDURAS NATIVE NAMES AND USES OF SOME PLANTS OF EASTERN GUATEMALA MiD HONDURAS. By S. F. BLAKE. INTRODUCTION. In the spring of 1919 an Economic Survey Mission of the United States State Department, headed by the late Maj. Percy H. Ashmead, made a brief examination of the natural products and resources of the region lying between the Chamelec6n Valley in Honduras and the Motagua VaUey in Guatemala. Work was also done by the botanists of the expedition in the vicinity of Izabal on Lak.. Izaba!. Descriptions of the new species collected by the expedition, with a short account of its itinerary, have already been published by the writer,' and a number of the new forms have been illustrated. The present list is based · wholly on the data and specimens collected by the botanists and foresters of this expedition-H. Pittier, S. F. Blake, G. B. Gilbert, L. R. Stadtmiller, and H. N. Whitford-and no attempt has been made to incorporate data from other regions of Central America. Such information will be found chiefly in various papers published by Henry Pittier,' J. N. Rose,' and P. C. Standley.' LIST OF NATIVE NAllES AND USES. Acacia sp. CACHITO. eoaNIZuELO. ISCAN.... L. FAAACEJ..E. Acacla sp. I....&GAR'l"O. SANPlWBANO. FABACE'·. A tree up to 25 meters high and 45 em. to diameter. The wood is lISed for bunding. Acalypha sp. Co8TII I A DE PANTA. EUPHOllBlAc!:a. 'Contr. U. S. Not. Herb. 24: 1-32. pl •. 1-10, ,. 1-4. 1922. • Ensayo oobre las plantas usuatee de Costa Rica. pp. 176, pk. 31. Wasbing­ ton, D. C., 1908. 'Notes on useful plants of Mexico, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 209-259. pll. l!8-II4. 1899 . .. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1-169. 1920. This firat part includes Gletchentaceae to Betulaceae. The second part (Fagaceae to Fabaceae) I. In press. 87 • 88 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Achiotillo. See Vi...'ttnia f erruginea. Achras chicle PJUier. NIsPERO. ZAPOTILLO (?). (PLATE 29.) SAPOTACEAL A tall tree, wltb medlum-~Ized entire let! \'es and clusters or white flowers. This species. according to Mr. Pittier,' Is the source of most of the chicle used in the manufacture of chewing gum, rather than AchrdB zapata L. gl'CPANATIO~ OP l'LATE 29.-A. chr08 chicle, (rom tbe type HI)('clroen, P(ttier 8537. Guate­ mala. Natural 81le. Aguacatillo. SLoe Phoebe arnblgen,. Alcatraz. See Ari8tOlochia gtgaB. AIell. See Ovnandrops-i8 speciosa. Almendro. See Lonchocan:ms izabalanu8. Amaranthus spinosus L. H UISQUIU.."I'E. UISQUILETE. AYARANTHACEAE. A spiny ~ r eed , abundant in the tropics. Amate. See F4cu. cra88iu3cula. Andira excelsa H. B. K . (1)· GUACAMAYO. FADACEAE. A tree up to 30 meters high and O.() meter In diameter. The wood Is usecl fot fUrnitUre and for building. Andira inermis H. B. K. CHAPERNO. FABACF.AI!:. The heart wood of this tree 18 very dark and tnkes a good po1fsh. Andropogon leucostachys H. B. K. Cor..A DE VENADO. POACEA&' A grass with a plumy lnftorescence. Annona glabra L. ANONnJJl. ANNONACEU. Anoda hastata Cav. MALVAVISCO. MALVACUI:. An bero with angled leaves. reddish along the midrib, and magenta flowers. The plant Is used to make a wash for venereal diseases. An6n de montafia.. See C1/1nbopetalttm .. p. Anonillo. See Annona ula bra. Ardisia sp. CAlfACO. MnS(NAC&AJD. Aristolochla gigas IAndt. ALCATRAZ. C R U MPA. ABI8Tor.ocHIAC&AE. A twiner with large 8ac~shoped lurid maroon flowers. the lower Up provided with a slender tail six inches long or mo~. Array'n. See Mvrica me~icana. Aspidosperma megalocarpon Muen. Arg. FUBT.1N DE VIItJA. APocTNACEAJ:. Astronium (1) sp. CIBUI:LO. PA.LO OBEBO. RoN'B6N. ANACAllDIACEA.~. A tree up to 3:5 meters high and a meter thick. The trunks are used for house posts. Baccharis rhexiofdes H . B. K . HAlUlA FINA. AS1ERACUJ:. A leaning shrub, with smaH white downy pisttuate flower heads. Bactris sp. BmzcoYoL. PHO!:NICA.CIIUl. A slender palm nbout :5 meters high, with a very spiny stem, and leaves about 1.5 meters long. The fruit Is said to be violet and edible. Balsa. Sre OchromG Mcolar. Baltlmora recta I.. MlRASOr.. ASTF.RACEAI!:. A emaIl weedy yellow composIte. The name l1Hra.rolle used In Latin A.merlcan eountrips fOT many ditrerent y ellow ~ ft owered composites. Barajo. S()'e Oas .. ta alata. Barba. :8.na. See Bacchati8 rhe~de, . • Pittier, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci. 9: 431-438. 1919. • In a few cases the specific Identity of the specimens collected by the expedl~ Uoo is In doubt, owing to the imperfect condition of the material preserved. This iR Indtcated 10 the Ust by the addition ot a mark of ioterrogo.Uon to the scientific name. IlT.AKE-GUATEMALAN PLANT NAMES. 89 Bal'basea. See Serjania me.ricana, Barrabas. See Vitez lonq(!TaCemo8a. • Bayal. See Desmoncus sp. Bejueo chaparr6n. See Da'Vtlla kunthii. Bejuco comemano. See 0188U8 siC1/oide8. BejueD de culebra. See Manaevilla. auriculata. Bejuco de rat6n. See Stifl1114phullon mucronatum. Bejuco negro. See Cordia ferruuinea. BeHueia costaricensis Cogn.. MANZANO DE l(ONTANA. MELA81'OMATACEAE. A trN'!, with clusters ot me<lium-si?:e<l pinkish white flowers on the branches, brOIl(l leRves, and edible fruits. Biophytum dendroides (H. B. K.) DC. CULANTBO DE pttDBA BLANCA • • OXALID&CE"E.. A low plant with a cluster of pinnate leaves and pinkish flowers. BorrajR. See Hellotropium indicutn. Barrerfa sp. YERBA DEL TORO. ROH(ACEAr.. • A small berb with white flowers. The fresh infusion is drunk for di.seases ot women. BrosJmum terrabanum Plttler. MASICO. MOBACEAE, A tree with milky juice. reaching a height of SO meters and a diameter ot a meter. Brosimum utile (H. B. K.) Pittier. PALO DE LECHE. MOBACE,F" Buchnera elongRta Swartz. FLOB DEL CIELO. SCBOI'HULARIACEAI!:, A slender erect unbrancbed berb with violet fiowers, used to decorate altars. BU chnera lithospermifolia H . B. 1(. TnONERO DEL KONTE. SCBOI'HUl ,ARJACEA& Like the last, but with white flowers. Heated and applied externally in bunches for headache. • Buddleia americana L. HO.JA BLANCA. LoGANIACEAE. Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) DC. NANct. MAI.PIGHIACE.U:. A small tree with erect sptres of yellow flowers, turning orange in age. Fruit yellow and edible. Cachicahua. See lndioofcra lespedezioides. Cachito. S~ OalyptoCQ.,."ntS mali.!, also Acacia sp. CalAn, See (Jalllcoph1l11um candidisrimum. Calatbea insignia Peters. MOHAN. MA:aANTACE.& An herb with canna-like leaves and a terminal spike ot yellowish Jllnk 40wers inserted in thick conspicuously tw~ranked scales. Calliandra sp. SILE. FA84CUE. Calocarpum mammosnm (L.) Pierre. ZAPOTE. SAPOTACItU. A tree up to 25 meters high, about 45 cm. thick, With mUky sap. The wood Is used in building. Calophyllum SlJ. SANTA.1U.BIA. CLU8UCE'W: A tJ'ee up to 30 meters high, nearly R meter thick, with R yellow sap. Wood used (oJ' ties and general building purposes. Calycophyllnrn candidiuimum DC. CAJ.AW . RUBU,(il:U! Calyptocarpus vialis Less. C ACBlTO. _ ASTEIlACEAIi. A small yellow composite with two-spined fruits. Camaco. See A rdilia sp. Cafia de Cristo. See C08t1U cylindricu8. Cafiaflstola. See Caa,i,a. /f8tula. Cafiamito. See Sidero"llion ('> sp. • Canllla de pajull. See C..... ea sp. CanUla de pavao See PolVUOnum punctatum. 89329---22 2 90 CONTRIBUTIONS llROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Caoba. See S1Oi.etenia macrophvlla. Capriola dactylon (I..) Kuntze. PEW DE lIACHO. PO"t:J'.Af'.. A small widely distributed grass. Carb6n colorado. See CU1Jania macrophvll-a. Carboncillo. See Mata1lba (') sp. Caricillo. See T .~c ha cmu rn laHfoUunI" Ca.rizo. See La8iads sorohoidea. Casearia corymbosa H. B. K. VARA BI.ANCA. }I'LACOURTIACf:AE. A small tl'ee with close clusters of white flowers. Cassia alata h nARAJO. (PL.-\TE ~O.) FADACJUE. A shrub with yellow flowers, forming a duster of radiating pods in fruit. An InfUsion of the root is used for rheumatism, and is also a powerful drastic. EXI'LA~ATION' OP' l'LATJil 30.-Ca.8ia alain, from Palmer 201 (le8.ves), Mexico, nnd Ooo k cE DOl/h: 48 (fruit). Custa. Ricn, Natural size. Cassia fistula L . CANAFfsTOLA. FABACEA~ A tree with simply pinnate leaves nnd drooping racemes of large yellow flowers. An infusion of the beans is used as a medicine for fevers. Cassia laevigata WiUd. FRtJOLILLO. FABACEAE. An berb with yellow flowers. The seeds are used for coffee. The plant is stenmed and applied to the body for sickness, especially In women. Cassia tora L. E.IOTIL FABACEAE. Castilla falla%. Cook. HULl!: CHIBRIO. TUNO. :MonAcEAE • CRulote. See Gvazuma ulmifolia. • Cecropia ep. GUARUMO. MORACEAZ. Cedrela longipes Bla ke. C!:DRO. MELtACEAE. A tree up to nenrly 30 meters high Rnd 0.8 meter In diameter. The wood' is used for furniture Rnd for bonse building. Cedro. See Cedrela longipeR. Celblllo. See ZanthoZ1l/um .p. Cenieero. See lre,me arbu.. cula. Cerezo. See .Miconia 8~1tlimii. also Neea P&yc1totriotde&. Chaeotote. See Croton repen8. Chamaedorea eoneolor Mart. PACAYA. PH OENICACE AII'!. Chamaedorea ernst1-augustf Wendl. PA.CAYA. GUARtTA. PHOENrCA<':EAE. Chaparro. See auratella americana.. Chapemo. See Andira inenni3. ChaptaUa nubnB (L.) Polak. VAI.DIANA. AsT!:BAcu&. A composite with a tuft ot basal leaveE'l, green nbove and wbit,e.wooUy beneAth. and one or two long-stalked beads with reddish-purple rays and creamy center. The root Is used medicinally. Chapupo. See Ta1)emaemontana ambIt/b""ta. Chelonanthus aeutangulus (Rutz & Pav.) Gilg. TABAQUILLO. 02NTUl'fACI!U:. A tall hf>rb with ~reen tubular flowers, found only In the mountains. Chiehipate. See Sweetia panamensis. Chlehip1:n. See H amelia. erecta. Chllo dol monto. See 81"""""""",,... lIP. Chilillo. See Polllgon1Lm p"nctattcm. ChipiUn de la montana. See Crotala.tia &agittali&. Chirc&.. See Croton ciliato-glandu.lo8u8, also C .
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