The Munster Fusiliers in France 1914-1918
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
,doned at the ime to OND MUNSTERS orders. ,ress of tics of n' was deput- mental asonic Le anti- 1s their he Royal Munster Army entered the town, they encount- :aders, Fusiliers were formed ered on the road a body of troops who ormer from the amalgamation of wore French uniforms and whose officer ster, in the 10lst and the 104th spoke in French. Suddenly, these troops, igious Foot Regiments, Bengal The Germans attacked on the 'without the slightest warning, lowered ligious Fusiliers. These two regiments became morning of Sunday, 23rd. As the battle their bayonets and charged'. They were ~g the the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Royal raged all that day around the coal fields German soldiers and, like the 1st Army, ism of Munster Fusiliers, under an order passed of Mons, the Munsters somehow escaped were also scheduled to billet that night at I prove in July, 1881. Although the regimental the German onslaught. About 5 p.m. the Landrecies. General Haig, thinking he by the headquarters were in Tralee, many of the French 5th Army, which was to the right was under heavy attack, telephoned the lasonic fusiliers and their officers were of the fusiliers, began to give way and headquarters to send help. Assuming the Limerickmen. retreat. Due to a lack of communication worst, GHQ sent orders altering Haig's French After spending their first 33 years on between the French and the British, Sir line of retreat for the next day. his move 'S anti- tours of duty through much of the British John French, the British commander, did was to split the force in two, the result anuary, Empire, the Munsters were stationed at not receive news of the retreat until I1 being that the 1st and 2nd armies lost isit to Aldershot when the German invasion of p.m. Later that night (2 a.m. on Monday contact for several days. han, Fr. neutral Belgium brought England into 24th), the 1st and 2nd armies received After a bayonet charge and a fierce ant. the war on 4 August, 1914. The Munster their orders to disengage and pull back. artillery battle and a tiiing march on Fusiliers formed part of the British It appears that the strategy was to hold Wednesday the 26th, the Munsters had Expeditionary Force to France. On 13 the Germans at bay during daylight, and reached the village of Fesmy, where they 0-1 951, August, they left Southampton for the then fall back under the cover of received their orders to cover the L. The French port of Le Havre, arriving on the darkness. That Monday morning, the withdrawal of the remainder of the Ireland Belgian front on 22 August, where they Mu.nsters were digging in as the German rearguard. formed part of the 1st of the two British attack was renewed. At 12.30 a.m., the road at Etreux was armies, totalling 86,000 men, on a 20 mile On 25 August, the retreating reported to be clear of all transport. At 1 )l. 3, by front near the Belgian mining town of Munsters were expecting to billet at the p.m., orders were dispatched to all Cale, Mons. French town of Landrecies. As the 1st rearguard units to retire at once. This pman - 1974, 3nse of Bredin, I, 1987. by Pat I, No. 2, 'Come and Help Your Comrades ...' message failed to reach the Munsters, of Jonqueusea. At a roll-call parade, at St. through, there was a feeling among the who were now under heavy attack at Gobain on 29 August, the battalion could men that they had avenged the deaths Fesmy. only muster 5 officers and 196 other and capture of their comrades at Etreux. Around 2 p.m., there was a lull in the ranks. Reinforcements arrived on 6 Their next two nights of rest were spent fighting and the Munsters began September. Meanwhile, the Germans bivouacking in the rain and bedding evacuating their positions. the field- advance into France was stopped at the down in a field 3 inches deep in water. gunners went first and took up positions Battle of the Marne which had just On 21 December, the Munsters were outside the village to cover the men's begun. sent down to a gap in the line betwe6 retreat. Meanwhile, A Company and a Some of the Munsters who had been Festubert and the village of Givenchy.,, troop of Hussars, after being driven out badly wounded at Etreux were still there There is some confusion as to whav of Bergues, retreated southwards in October. happened next. On the 22nd the battalion towards Oisy, arriving about 3 p.m. By Towards the end of October, the received orders that the original line was 5.30 p.m., nearly all the battalion was Munsters were moved up to Ypres to be retaken. The day before there had assembled at Oisy. As the fusiliers ('Wipers') salient and for four days in been a number of contradictory orders, prepared to leave the village, the November they were in the thick of the and it would appear that this was to Germans tried to surround them. The fighting. Reorganised as a battalion on 9 prove fatal for the Munsters. They left Munsters opened fire and a bridge over November, they were ordered into the the trenches that morning at 7 a.m. As which the Germans were forced to come front line. On the loth, they marched to they moved out into no-man's-land, past was filled with the dead and dying. the woods near Klien Zillebeke, where Givenchy, a shot rang out, and what Gradually, the fusiliers left the village they relieved the Grenadier Guards. On appeared to be a battery of machine-guns and after a final burst of fire, they leaped the next morning, intense artillery fire opened up on them. Within ten minutes, to their feet and ran for it. Unknown to was opened up on them, and the over 200 men were hit. They took shelter the Munsters, the German 19th Reserve constant vibrations from exploding shells in a country road with shallow ditches. Infantry Division (who were some miles knocked out the fillings from the men's There was no sign of support, either from away) heard the fighting and anticipated teeth. As the Prussian Guard left or right. Later on, they would the fusiliers' next move to the village of approached, they could be heard singing discover that they had been 500 or more Etreux. The Germans moved into the 'Die Wacht am Rhine', the air was filled yards ahead of the advancing troops. village and waited. with bursting shells and with tree To make matters worse, the battalion As the Munsters edged their way splinters which flew in every direction - was shelled by its own artillery. At 10 towards Etreux, they were surrounded. the falling trees burying the fusiliers as pm. that night, they received orders to The rattle of musketry and the booming they lay in their shallow trenches. The withdraw. On Christmas Day, an of guns could be heard everywhere; the men fought in groups of twos and threes, unofficial truce was observed on some air itself vibrated. On all sides, the dead wave after wave of Germans were shot parts of the front line, but not where the lay in huddled heaps, while the down. Due to the rain and snow that had Munsters were. wounded, with grey faces, tried to rise, fallen, the area was now a sea of mud, Disillusioned with the cries of 'home or crawled in maimed agony a little and the Munsters had a job in trying to before Christmas', the armies on the further on to die. Bit by bit, the shattered stop the mud from clogging their rifles. Western Front were, by January, 1915, remnants of the battalion fell back into an As the Prussian Guard came closer, the settling down to a war of attrition. And, orchard. The German forces surrounded fusiliers charged. scattering them in wild by then, the trench system had stretched them with a ring of shells and bullets. As disorder at the point of the bayonet'. from Nieuport in Belgium, down the hours passed, ammunition could On 12 November, the Munsters began through France, to the Swiss frontier. only be renewed by taking what was left to dig their trenches to a depth of four In the early days of the month, the from the dead and dying. Gradually, the feet. That day also, the senior NCO., of Munsters were having a relatively quiet German's crowded in on them from all the Battalion, Quartermaster- Sergeant time repairing and maintaining the sides and, at 9.15 p.m., the little band of Fitzmaurice, was killed, leaving Reg- trenches, but they were soon back in the not more than 250 men were over- imental Sergeant Major John Ring, a front line, holding an area between powered. They had held out against at Limerickman, in command. The rifle fire Givenchy and the La Bassee canal. While least 9 battalions for nearly 12 hours. was very heavy that day, and the men there had been sporadic fighting On the next day, about 1500 wounded had to throw their food from one trench throughout the month, the Germans Germans were assembled in the village, to another; any attempt to carry it along made a determined attack, on 25 January, this number did not include the the line was to court certain death. to take the town of Bethune. casualties at Fesmy and Oisy.