DOCSLIB.ORG

TARAS 9780748664573 PRINT.Indd 17 27/11/2012 11:41 Challenging Multiculturalism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Raymond Taras Raymond Edited by ‘Challenging Multiculturalism is a highly original and timely study of multiculturalism and its opponents in contemporary Europe. Going beyond cliché and common wisdom, by providing empirically solid answers to theoretically informed questions, it provides essential lessons for policy makers, scholars, and students alike.’ Cas Mudde, University of Georgia, author of Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Tackles the challenge of dismantling the multicultural model without destroying diversity in European society Chall In recent years European political leaders from Angela Merkel to David Cameron have discarded the term ‘multiculturalism’ and now express scepticism, criticism and even hostility towards multicultural ways of organising their societies. Yet they are unprepared to reverse the diversity existing in their states. These E contradictory choices have different political consequences in the countries nging Multi examined in this book. Case studies of 11 European countries throw light on the challenges posed by multiculturalism and the extent to which anti-immigration parties appeal to moderate voters by embracing anti-multiculturalism policies. And they show how the future of European liberalism is being played out as multicultural notions of belonging, inclusion, tolerance and the national home are brought into question. Key Features • Looks at how European liberalism is being challenged by opposition to multiculturalism C • Presents a cross-national study of European societies’ efforts to implement ulturalis multiculturalism, how they have stumbled, and what is proposed to replace multiculturalism • Observes the ways in which opposition to multiculturalism has helped galvanise radical right, nationalist and gradually mainstream anti- multiculturalist movements • Includes chapters on Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden and Turkey M ChallEnging Raymond Taras is Professor in Migration Studies at Malmö University and Professor in Political Science at Tulane University. He is author of several books, most recently Xenophobia and Islamophobia in Europe (Edinburgh University Press, 2012). MultiCulturalisM Jacket images: French youths show off their election cards, ISBN 978-0-7486-6458-0 EuropEan ModEls of 2012 © FRANCOIS GUILLOT/AFP/Getty Images. Jacket design: www.richardbudddesign.co.uk divErsity www.euppublishing.com Edited by Raymond Taras CHALLENGING MULTICULTURALISM EUROPEAN MODELS OF DIVERSITY 2 Edited by Raymond Taras TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd i 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 © in this edition Edinburgh University Press, 2013 © in the individual contributions is retained by the authors Edinburgh University Press Ltd 22 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LF www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 11/13 Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7486 6457 3 (hardback) ISBN 978 0 7486 6458 0 (paperback) ISBN 978 0 7486 6459 7 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 0 7486 6461 0 (epub) ISBN 978 0 7486 6460 3 (Amazon ebook) The right of the contributors to be identifi ed as authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd iiii 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 Contents List of Tables and Figures v Notes on the Contributors vii Preface xii Foreword by Björn Fryklund xv PART I Theorizing Multiculturalism 1 The Twilight of Multiculturalism? Findings from across Europe 3 Pieter Bevelander and Raymond Taras 2 Contemporary Citizenship and Diversity in Europe: The Place of Multiculturalism 25 Tariq Modood and Nasar Meer 3 The Challenge of Multiculturalism: Political Philosophy and the Question of Diversity 52 Christian Fernández PART II Multiculturalism’s Pioneers and (Ex-)enthusiasts 4 The ‘Civic Re-balancing’ of British Multiculturalism, and Beyond . 75 Nasar Meer and Tariq Modood 5 The Dutch Multicultural Myth 97 Peter Scholten 6 Immigrant Integration and Multiculturalism in Belgium 120 Marco Martiniello 7 The Political Dynamics of Multiculturalism in Sweden 138 Karin Borevi TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd iiiiii 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 challenging multiculturalism PART III Multicultural Societies without Multiculturalism? 8 Public Debates and Public Opinion on Multiculturalism in Germany 163 Martina Wasmer 9 Danish Multiculturalism, Where Art Thou? 190 Nils Holtug 10 Multiculturalism Italian Style: Soft or Weak Recognition? 216 Tiziana Caponio 11 Redefi ning a (Mono)cultural Nation: Political Discourse against Multiculturalism in Contemporary France 236 Florent Villard and Pascal-Yan Sayegh PART IV Multiculturalism’s Future Converts? 12 Poland: Multiculturalism in the Making? 257 Renata Włoch 13 Multinationalism, Mononationalism or Transnationalism in Russia? 279 Sergey Akopov 14 Multiculturalism and Minorities in Turkey 297 Ayhan Kaya PART V Conclusion 15 Multiculturalism: Symptom, Cause or Solution? 319 Ulf Hedetoft Index 334 iv TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd iivv 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 Tables and Figures Tables 2.1 The state and citizens’ responses to cultural diversity: fi ve ideal types 34 2.2 Five models of cohesion, equality and difference 37 2.3 Four political responses to diversity 39 2.4 Synthesis of models of state accommodation of ‘difference’ 42 2.5 Contemporary responses to migration-related diversity 43 6.1 Number of work permits issued in the three Belgian regions, 2000–6 123 6.2 Belgian and foreign populations by region, 2008 124 6.3 Number of foreigners acquiring Belgian nationality by country of origin, 1997–2007 134 8.1 German views on cultural diversity in 1996 and 2006 177 8.2 Public support in Germany for multiculturalism: 2006 compared to 1996 179 8.3 Support for multiculturalism in Germany according to voting intentions: 2006 compared to 1996 183 9.1 Multicultural Policy scores for selected countries 195 9.2 Danish attitudes to multiculturalism, 2000–11 203 10.1 Attitudes towards migration in Italy: trends from 1999 to 2007 224 13.1 The largest self-identifi ed ethnic groups in Russia and their language abilities 286 TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd v 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 challenging multiculturalism Figures 2.1 Four conceptions of citizenship 38 5.1 Policy f rames in Dutch immigrant integration policy since the 1970s 107 9.1 Conceptions of community: from thick to thin 201 vi TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd vvii 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 Notes on the Contributors Sergey Akopov is Associate Professor at the St Petersburg branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration as well as Senior Fellow Lecturer at St Petersburg State University. His major fi elds of interest are political philosophy, political anthropology and communication, transnational studies and the political history of Russia. He is the author of over fi fty papers, articles and book chapters published in Russian, English and Spanish, as well as two books: Identichnosti v jepohu global’nyh migracij (‘Identities in the Era of Global Migrations’, co-authored with M.Rozanova, Dean, St Petersburg University Centre of Comparative Philosophy 2010); and Razvitie idej transnacionalizma v rossijskoj politicheskoj fi losofi i XX veka (‘The Development of the Idea of Transnationalism in Russian Political Philosophy in the 20th century’, St Petersburg, RANEPA 2012). Pieter Bevelander is Professor in International Migration and Ethnic Relations (IMER) and Director of the Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare. His recent books include The Economics of Citizenship (Malmö University 2008) and Resettled and Included? The Employment Integration of Resettled Refugees in Sweden (Malmö University 2009). His articles have appeared in leading scholarly journals such as International Migration Review, Journal of International Migration and Integration, Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies and Ethnic and Racial Studies. Karin Borevi is Researcher and Lecturer in the Department of Government at Uppsala University. Her research interests include Scandinavian and European comparative perspectives on integra- tion policy, citizenship policy and refugee settlement policy. She has headed a research project titled ‘From multiculturalism to assimilation? Swedish integration policy in European comparison’. vii TTARASARAS 99780748664573780748664573 PPRINT.inddRINT.indd vviiii 227/11/20127/11/2012 008:088:08 challenging multiculturalism Among her publications is the monograph Välfärdsstaten i det Mångkulturella Samhället (‘The Welfare State in the Multicultural Society’, Uppsala University 2002). Tiziana Caponio is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Turin. Research interests encompass comparative immigration, ethnic minority organizations in Europe, minority political participation and local authorities’ policies on minority inclusion. Her scholarly works have appeared in Rivista italiana di sociologia, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies and International Migration Review. She is also the editor of the book The Local Dimension of Migration Policymaking (Amsterdam University Press 2010). Christian Fernández is Postdoctoral Researcher at the Malmö Institute
Recommended publications
  • The European and Russian Far Right As Political Actors: Comparative Approach

    The European and Russian Far Right As Political Actors: Comparative Approach

    Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 12, No. 2; 2019 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The European and Russian Far Right as Political Actors: Comparative Approach Ivanova Ekaterina1, Kinyakin Andrey1 & Stepanov Sergey1 1 RUDN University, Russia Correspondence: Stepanov Sergey, RUDN University, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Received: March 5, 2019 Accepted: April 25, 2019 Online Published: May 30, 2019 doi:10.5539/jpl.v12n2p86 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v12n2p86 The article is prepared within the framework of Erasmus+ Jean Monnet Module "Transformation of Social and Political Values: the EU Practice" (575361-EPP-1-2016-1-RU-EPPJMO-MODULE, Erasmus+ Jean Monnet Actions) (2016-2019) Abstract The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the far right (nationalist) as political actors in Russia and in Europe. Whereas the European far-right movements over the last years managed to achieve significant success turning into influential political forces as a result of surging popular support, in Russia the far-right organizations failed to become the fully-fledged political actors. This looks particularly surprising, given the historically deep-rooted nationalist tradition, which stems from the times Russian Empire. Before the 1917 revolution, the so-called «Black Hundred» was one of the major far-right organizations, exploiting nationalistic and anti-Semitic rhetoric, which had representation in the Russian parliament – The State Duma. During the most Soviet period all the far-right movements in Russia were suppressed, re-emerging in the late 1980s as rather vocal political force. But currently the majority of them are marginal groups, partly due to the harsh party regulation, partly due to the fact, that despite state-sponsored nationalism the position of Russian far right does not stand in-line with the position of Russian authorities, trying to suppress the Russian nationalists.
  • From Economic Federalism to Ethnic Politics and Back

    From Economic Federalism to Ethnic Politics and Back

    The Role Of The Northern League In Transforming The Italian Political System: From Economic Federalism to Ethnic Politics and Back Francesco Cavatorta Introduction Until the early 1990s, Italy displayed a stable party system, where newcomers found it particularly difficult to challenge the overwhelming influence of the traditional parties: Christian Democrats (DC), Socialist Party (PSI), and Communist Party (PCI). New political formations managed to emerge, but they were largely unable to sustain their electoral success over a long period of time and failed to establish themselves as credible alternatives. 1 The appearance of the Northern League (NL) in the late 1980s was also treated as temporary disaffection of sectors of the electorate from traditional politics. However, this proved not to be the case and the NL went on to become a very central player in the political system. This article examines the conditions for the emergence of the Northern League and its long lasting impact on Italian politics. The Northern League is partly responsible for major changes that occurred in Italy over the last decade and while its electoral fortunes have somewhat declined in recent years, the issues it brought to prominence are today very much central in political debates. The article argues that the NL, far from being a single-issue party, has a clear vision of what Italy in the new millennium should look like. Moreover, the article argues that this vision is similar to the one held by a number of right-wing parties in Western Europe such as Haider’s Freedom Party. Accordingly, the NL has abandoned its pro-independence position and has entered again into a political and electoral alliance with the centre-right Berlusconi-led coalition.
  • Men Vote in Mars, Women Vote in Venus: IZA DP No

    Men Vote in Mars, Women Vote in Venus: IZA DP No

    IZA DP No. 7483 Men Vote in Mars, Women Vote in Venus: A Survey Experiment in the Field Vincenzo Galasso Tommaso Nannicini July 2013 DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor Men Vote in Mars, Women Vote in Venus: A Survey Experiment in the Field Vincenzo Galasso Università della Svizzera Italiana, IGIER and CEPR Tommaso Nannicini Bocconi University, IGIER and IZA Discussion Paper No. 7483 July 2013 IZA P.O. Box 7240 53072 Bonn Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-180 E-mail: [email protected] Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion.
  • Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and Aftermath

    Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and Aftermath

    INSIGHTi Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and Aftermath Clare Ribando Seelke Specialist in Latin American Affairs Updated November 14, 2019 On November 10, 2019, Bolivian President Evo Morales of the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) party resigned and subsequently received asylum in Mexico. Bolivia’s military had recommended that Morales step down to prevent an escalation of violence after weeks of protests alleging fraud in the October 20, 2019, presidential election. While Morales has described his ouster as a “coup,” the opposition has described it as a “popular uprising” against an authoritarian leader. The three individuals in line to succeed Morales (the vice president and the presidents of the senate and the chamber of deputies) also resigned. Opposition Senator Jeanine Añez, formerly second vice president of the senate, declared herself senate president and then assumed the position of interim president on November 12, 2019; MAS legislators do not recognize her authority. The U.S. Department of State supported the findings of an Organization of American States (OAS) audit that found enough irregularities in the October elections to recommend a new election. President Trump praised Morales’s resignation. State Department officials have called for all parties to refrain from violence and issued a travel warning for Bolivia. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo applauded Añez for stepping up as interim president. Congressional concern about Bolivia has increased. S.Res. 35, approved in April 2019, expresses concern over Morales’s efforts to circumvent term limits in Bolivia. Morales Government (2006-2019) Morales, Bolivia’s first indigenous leader, had governed since 2006 as head of the MAS party.
  • Constructing Identity in the Multi- Level Political Space of Europe

    Constructing Identity in the Multi- Level Political Space of Europe

    13 JCER VOLUME 1 • ISSUE 2 Sub-State Nationalism and Euro- pean Integration: Constructing Identity in the Multi- Level Political Space of Europe Marcus Hoppe 1. Introduction The European Union has been transformed into a multi-level political system by processes of European integration and globalisation on the one hand, and by pressures for decentralisation on the other. Thus, 'European integration and regionalism have posed twin challenges to the nation state in Western Europe' (Keating 1995: 1). While the central governments of the member states remain important actors within this new framework, their autonomy and the capacity to control policy-making and outcome has been reduced considerably. This is the consequence of two complementary processes: On the one hand, certain competencies have been shifted up- wards to the supranational EU level.1 On the other hand, nationalist and regionalist pressures for decentralisation and devolution in several member states have transferred some powers of the central state downwards to the sub-state political levels (Hooghe and Marks 2001). The emerging European polity offers new opportunity structures2 for strong political units below the level of the state, to enhance their autonomy and self-governing capacities in internal and external affairs.3 At the same time any involvement in Europe means being affected by the cons- training aspects of EU institutions, regulations and increased economic competition within the single market (Dyson and Goetz 2003). Sub-state nationalist parties, as actors within
  • Power, Communication, and Politics in the Nordic Countries

    Power, Communication, and Politics in the Nordic Countries

    POWER, COMMUNICATION, AND POLITICS IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES POWER, COMMUNICATION, POWER, COMMUNICATION, AND POLITICS IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES The Nordic countries are stable democracies with solid infrastructures for political dia- logue and negotiations. However, both the “Nordic model” and Nordic media systems are under pressure as the conditions for political communication change – not least due to weakened political parties and the widespread use of digital communication media. In this anthology, the similarities and differences in political communication across the Nordic countries are studied. Traditional corporatist mechanisms in the Nordic countries are increasingly challenged by professionals, such as lobbyists, a development that has consequences for the processes and forms of political communication. Populist polit- ical parties have increased their media presence and political influence, whereas the news media have lost readers, viewers, listeners, and advertisers. These developments influence societal power relations and restructure the ways in which political actors • Edited by: Eli Skogerbø, Øyvind Ihlen, Nete Nørgaard Kristensen, & Lars Nord • Edited by: Eli Skogerbø, Øyvind Ihlen, Nete Nørgaard communicate about political issues. This book is a key reference for all who are interested in current trends and develop- ments in the Nordic countries. The editors, Eli Skogerbø, Øyvind Ihlen, Nete Nørgaard Kristensen, and Lars Nord, have published extensively on political communication, and the authors are all scholars based in the Nordic countries with specialist knowledge in their fields. Power, Communication, and Politics in the Nordic Nordicom is a centre for Nordic media research at the University of Gothenburg, Nordicomsupported is a bycentre the Nordic for CouncilNordic of mediaMinisters. research at the University of Gothenburg, supported by the Nordic Council of Ministers.
  • Labour Migration Governance in Contemporary Europe. the Case of Sweden

    Labour Migration Governance in Contemporary Europe. the Case of Sweden

    LAB-MIG-GOV Project “Which labour migration governance for a more dynamic and inclusive Europe?” Labour migration governance in contemporary Europe. The case of Sweden Monica Quirico FIERI, Torino, Italy April 2012 The research on which this paper is based benefits from the support of the “Europe and Global Challenges” Programme promoted by Compagnia di San Paolo, Riksbankens Jubileumsfond and VolkswagenStiftung. ii Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 1. FROM EMIGRATION TO IMMIGRATION COUNTRY............................................ 3 1.1 Immigration policies and their impact on labour market .................................... 3 1.2 Integration policies ........................................................................................... 6 2. TOWARDS A NEW LABOUR MIGRATION POLICY ........................................... 11 2.1 The debate on EU and Swedish Model........................................................... 11 2.2 The Committee on Labour Migration (KAKI) 2004-2006 ................................. 12 2.3 The 2008 law on labour migration................................................................... 14 2.3.1 Content..................................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 Driving actors and factors......................................................................... 17 2.4 Reference to EU and other countries.............................................................
  • IHRC Submission on Bolivia

    IHRC Submission on Bolivia

    VIOLATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE, RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION, RIGHT TO ASSEMBLY & ASSOCIATION, AND OTHERS: ONGOING HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN BOLIVIA Submission to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions from Harvard Law School’s International Human Rights Clinic Cc: Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers Special Rapporteur on the f reedom of opinion and expression Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous peoples Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism The International Human Rights Clinic (IHRC) at Harvard Law School seeks to protect and promote human rights and internation-al humanitarian law through documentation; legal, factual, and stra-tegic analysis; litigation before national, regional, and internation-al bodies; treaty negotiations; and policy and advocacy initiatives. Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 1 Recommendations to the U.N. Special Rapporteurs ........................................................................... 2 Facts ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Background on the Current Crisis ........................................................................................................ 3 State Violence Against Protesters
  • Devolution,Lalegafalavocegrossa

    Devolution,Lalegafalavocegrossa

    sabato 16 novembre 2002 oggi 9 DALL'INVIATO Marcella Ciarnelli Tremonti, lo sostengo e mi sembra ingiusto che si possa accusarlo di ri- strettezze nella spesa che fanno parte SKOPJE Porta girevole. Atrio. Gente Il premier raccoglie E a Skopje vagheggia di un rigore necessario e che ci è che va, gente che viene. Ma gli ospiti imposto." del Grand Hotel evocato dal presi- Peccato tutto questo litigare, ora i cocci di un su sondaggi riservati ‘‘ dente del Consiglio, in trasferta a che lui si può vantare di "avere una Skopje per partecipare al vertice dei governo diviso. Riferendosi al che gli tributerebbero larga maggioranza che si può consen- paesi dell'Ince, non hanno niente a tire di pensare al lavoro di un'intera che spartire con Greta Garbo e John ministro dell’Istruzione dice: o una lunga durata, questa legislatura, ora che gli ultimi sondag- Barrimore. Ed il regista del film non ‘‘ gi confermano -dice Berlusconi- che è Edmond Goulding ma Silvio Berlu- gente che va gente che viene, e anche la prosssima il nostro governo sarà di lunga dura- sconi. Le prime donne che il pre- ta. Non limitato ad una sola legislatu- mier deve mettere d'accordo rispon- siamo come un Grand Hotel legislatura ra". Come se di mezzo non ci fossero dono ai nomi di Letizia Moratti e consultazioni elettorali dagli impre- Giulio Tremonti, ma anche i centri- vedibili risultati. Poiché, qualunque sti e i leghisti, gli cosa ne pensi il insoddisfatti di premier, i son- An e gli acchiap- daggi non sono patutto di Forza infallibili.
  • Institut D'etudes Politiques De Paris

    Institut D'etudes Politiques De Paris

    Institut d'études politiques de Paris ECOLE DOCTORALE DE SCIENCES PO Programme doctoral de sociologie Centre d’études européennes de Sciences Po Doctorat en sociologie Joint agreement with Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca The regulation of urban logistics platforms The urban governance of food wholesale markets in France and Italy : the case of Paris (Semmaris) and Milan (Sogemi) Alessandro MAGGIONI Thesis supervised by Patrick LE GALÈS, Directeur de recherche au CNRS and Alberta ANDREOTTI, Professore associato Defended on 26th March 2019 Jury: Mrs Alberta ANDREOTTI, Professore associato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca (supervisor) Mr Antoine FRÉMONT, Directeur scientifique adjoint, HDR, Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l'aménagement et des réseaux (reviewer) Mr Patrick LE GALÈS, Directeur de recherche au CNRS, CEE, Sciences Po Paris (supervisor) Mr Enzo MINGIONE, Professore emerito, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Mr Paolo PERULLI, Professore ordinario, Università del Piemonte Orientale (reviewer) Mr Tommaso VITALE, Associate professor, CEE, Sciences Po Paris Alessandro Maggioni - «The regulation of urban logistics platforms» - Thesis IEP de Paris – 2019 2 Acknowledgements The time for acknowledgements is both full of joy and uncertainty. Joy is linked to the approaching end of a chapter in my life that already heralds the beginning of a new one. Uncertainty is not so much linked to identifying the people who have contributed more than others to this work. Rather, it is difficult to identify the exact moment in time from which to start to recognize the role that many people have played in making this moment possible. If I am here now writing these lines of gratitude it is only for the outcome of a long series, begun well before this educational and professional stage, of encounters and confrontations with people who have inspired me, I admired, have changed me.
  • Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration

    Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration

    Democracy and Discrimination: Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration Justin Peter Steil Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 ©2015 Justin Peter Steil All rights reserved ABSTRACT Democracy and Discrimination: Analyzing Diverging Local Responses to Immigration Justin Peter Steil Over the past decade, cities have passed an unprecedented number of laws seeking to drive undocumented immigrants from their jurisdictions. At the same time, however, large numbers of cities have passed policies seeking to incorporate recent immigrants into local civic and social life, regardless of immigration status. What explains why similar cities have responded so differently? Quantitative analysis tests the explanatory power of theories of political opportunity structure, labor market competition, demographic changes represented as threats, and the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners in predicting the passage of exclusionary and inclusionary ordinances in cities nationwide. The predictors of the passage of exclusionary ordinances are consistent with the salience of political opportunity structure, demographic changes represented as threats, and the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners. The predictors of the passage of inclusionary ordinances are most consistent with theories of political opportunity structure and the relative absence of the exclusionary tendencies of homeowners in cities with lower levels of owner-occupied housing. Case studies in two sets of paired cities that passed diverging ordinances examine the social and political processes on the ground. This qualitative research finds that residents in exclusionary cities expressed anxieties over the effects of demographic change on home values and neighborhood character.
  • The Digital Crusades: the Media and Western European Nationalists

    The Digital Crusades: the Media and Western European Nationalists

    The Digital Crusades: The Media and Western European Nationalists http://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2012/06/01/progres-et-reculs-du-vote- front-national_1711219_823448.html Haydn Rippon Principal Supervisor: Dr. Lee Duffield Associate Supervisor: Ass. Pro. Susan Carson Queensland University of Technology 2016 Abstract This thesis investigates the strategic media practices of the ‘new nationalist’ political parties and social movements in contemporary Western Europe. It refers to an extensive literature, interviews and a review of media artefacts related to these political parties and social movements, to establish how they achieved substantial public support in the present era. It uses four case studies, being three political parties and one activist social movement: the French Front National (FN), the Flemish Vlaams Belang (VB), Danish Dansk Folkeparti (DF) and the Europeanist-regionalist social movement, Bloc Identitaire (BI). The thesis draws on the work of Cas Mudde, who defines the parties as authoritarian, nativist and populist – referred to as ANPs in this research. It describes the central concern of the case study subjects with Islam in Europe, and their developing of the issue to gain support. In this monograph the broad issue, ‘Islam’, takes in mass immigration into Europe, integration or otherwise of Muslim populations, and the associated tensions. The research comes at a point when the party family is at a ‘tipping point’, with the growth of a political zeitgeist that is supportive of their broad thrust by an increasing number of voters in most of Europe, and this research considers the ANPs’ own efforts in the media field to be a contributing factor to the development of that zeitgeist.