DOCSLIB.ORG

(Ascomycetes)—IV. Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Rhizinaceae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Ascomycetes)—IV. Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Rhizinaceae PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume Part 9, 1, pp. 1-38 (1976) Ultrastructure of the ascospore wall in Pezizales (Ascomycetes)—IV. Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Rhizinaceae, Thelebolaceae, and Sarcoscyphaceae. General discussion Emily Merkus Rijks herbarium, Leiden* Plates (With 1-12, two Tables, and one Text-figure) The of wall and ornamentation of development layers ascospores, plus studied in specialized plasmic structures, are with the electron microscope members of the Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Rhizinaceae, Thelebolaceae, and Sarcoscyphaceae; additional results in the Pyronemataceae are given. The of former studies findings are compared with those (Merkus, 1973, 1974, 1975). A general discussion on the origin and development of the different the series. A based structures concludes classification upon species representing typical developments of all the species of the four studies is made. INTRODUCTION Following former publications on the subject (Merkus, 1973, 1974, 1975) this series electron microscopy study completes the of papers on the ultrastructure of the wall in Pezizales. The includes the results in ascospore present paper species belonging to the Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Rhizinaceae, Thelebolaceae, and additional results Sarcoscyphaceae. It also gives in the Pyronemataceae sensu Eckblad, including those in Pyronema omphalodes, Coprobia granulata, Geopyxis carbonaria, Mycolachnea hemisphaerica, and Octospora musci-muralis. In general, Eckblad's classification of the taxa (1968) has been followed. Thecotheus ornamented and spec, (an eight-spored, species) Iodophanus carneus are provisionally classifiedin the Eckblad in the Thelebolaceae; e.g. placed Iodophanus Pyronemataceae. According to Eckblad a member ofthe Otideaceae, Geopyxis carbonaria, is transferred Eckblad. provisionally to the Pyronemataceae sensu concludes with discussion the The paper a general on subject. * Present address: National Institute of Public Health, Bilthoven. I Persoonia Vol. Part 1976 2 9, i, REVIEW OF EARLIER WORK Only a few of the species studied by Le Gal (1947) could be examined under the electron microscope. Le Gal's light microscopy of these species is briefly reviewed. Some of the names she used (see footnotes) have been changed in accordance with the 'International Code of Botanical Nomenclature'. 1 Discina Rhizina undulata Fr. per Pers. and the related perlata (Fr. per Fr.) Fr. ornamentation that is formed between the wall and develop a simple spore primary its covering layers. The ornamentation consists of callose and pectine and is of sporal origin. The primary wall is covered by an "assise sous-perisporique" and a before "pelliculemembranaire". The "assise sous-perisporique" is formed the ornamen- tation develops. The "pellicule membranaire"is termed "coque interperisporique", as it is formed at the same time as the ornamentationand is penetrated by the sub- stance ofornamentation; the "coque interperisporique" and the substance of the ornamentation both grow into one, the 'coque interperisporique' also consisting of callose and pectine. During the development of the ornamentation a "perispore" is the outside of the this remains. present on ascospores; "perispore" Helvetia atra Holmskj. Fr. 2 Helvetia elastica Bull, St.-Am. 3 Helvetia per , per , 4 5 acetabulum (L. St.-Am.) Quel. Helvetia macropus (Pers. S. F. Gray) P. Karst. per , per and some related species, all members of the Helvelleae of Le Gal (1947: 284), which in Helvetia smooth are now placed L. per St.-Am., normally develop ascospores. But in few the show ornamentation the a cases species an on ascospores, consisting of of connected isolated Le Gal this coarse folds or or warts. According to ornamenta- tion is false and substance in "couche formed by a situated a sous-episporique", which deforms the epispore locally. materialofthe ofthe studied Gal Unfortunately, no species Sarcoscyphaceae by Le available. coccinea S. F. Lamb, was Instead Sarcoscypha (Scop, per Gray) and Desma- zierella acicola Lib., which also belong to this important taxon, could be studied. Le Gal's descriptions of the ornamentationpatterns ofthe species involved resemble those of Rhizina undulata and Discina perlata. The "perispore" is permanent in all which contain its species; the ornamentation, does not callose and pectine, penetrates covering layers in Cookeina sulcipes (Berk.) O. K., Cookeina tricholoma (Mont.) O. K. and Cookeina insititia (Berk. & Curt.) O. K., and remains within these layers in Aurophora dochmia (Berk. & Curt, apud Berk.) Rifai 6 domingensis Berk., , Phillipsia Plectania Nannf. Korf 7 and Plectania Rifai8 campylospora (Berk.) apud , platensis (Speg.) . 1 Karst. Rhizina inflata Schaeff. per P. 2 Leptopodia atra (Fr. ex Konig) Boud. 3 Leptopodia elastica (Bull.) Boud. 4 Helvetia sulcata Afz. 5 Macropodia macropus (Pers.) Fckl. 6 Phillipsia dochmia (Berk. & Curt, apud Berk.) Seaver. 7 Sarcosoma sarasini (P. Henn.) Boud. 8 Umula platensis Speg. Merkus: Ultrastructure of ascospore wall in Pezizales—IV 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh material was collected in the Netherlands, Belgium, Turkey, Papua New and in Guinea, Indonesia, Kenya, Uganda, Canada; some species were provided culture the Centraalbureau The Netherlands. pure by voor Schimmelcultures, Baarn, details about their The following list gives more the specimens and origins: coemansii Boud. of — ‘Ascophanus’ (a species Coprotus) van Brummelen, culture on cow dung, 21.VI. 1973 (L); — Piepenbroek, on cow dung, near Welsum, Olst, Overijsel, The Netherlands; Ascozonus woolhopensis (Berk. & Br.) Boud. — van Brummelen, several cultures isolated from rat dung, on oatmeal agar enriched with horse dung Boud. — decoction, Ekeren, Belgium (L) ; Coprobia granulata (Bull, per Merat) van Brummelen Hollandse 3562, culture on cow dung, Rading, Maartensdijk, Utrecht, The Netherlands — culture (L) ; van Brummelen, on cow dung, Bathmen, Overijsel, Lib. — The Netherlands, 6. VIII. 1973 (L); Desmazierella acicola J. Daams, on fallen needles of Pinus, "Spanderswoud", Hilversum, North Holland, The Netherlands, 11. V. 1973; Geopyxis carbonaria (Alb. & Schw. per Pers.) Sacc. — van Brummelen & Piepenbroek 4082, on burnt soil, 't Joppe, Gorssel, Gelderland, The Netherlands, 6. VIII. 1973 (L); - Piepenbroek 783, on burnt soil, 't Joppe, Gorssel, Gelderland, The esculenta Fr. — & Netherlands (L); Gyromitra (Pers. per Krombh.) Tjallingii rubbish in a The Nether- van Brummelen, among garden, Wageningen, Gelderland, lands, 2. IV. 1974 (L); Helvella crispa Scop, per Fr. — van Brummelen 4073, under North The — Pinus, Bergen, Holland, Netherlands, 3. XI. 1973 (L); van Brummelen 4506, under deciduous trees beside a road, Diepenveen, Overijsel, The Netherlands, VII. musci-muralis Graddon — 15. 1974 (L); Octospora Piepenbroek 720, among mosses on an old wallin a garden, between Deventer and Twello, Voorst, Gelderland, The Korf Kimbr. Netherlands, 12.XI. 1973 (L); Iodophanus carneus (Pers. per Pers.) apud & Korf— van Brummelen, culture on sheep dung, Elspeet, Gelderland, The Nether- lands, 7. XI. 1972 (L) ; — van Brummelen, culture, Vogelenzang, North Holland, The Netherlands — culture with (L) ; Prof. Necat, on oatmeal agar enriched horse dung Lasiobolus — decoction, Kaskaloglu, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey; monascus Kimbr. van Brummelen several cultures isolated from oatmeal 3563, porcupine dung, on agar enriched with horse dung decoction, Mt. Suckling, Papua New Guinea, 6.IX.1972 Lasiobolus Sacc. — (L); pilosus (Fr.) van Brummelen, culture on sheep dung, Elspeet, The — Brummelen Gelderland, Netherlands, 7.XI.1972 (L); van 4077, culture on horse dung, Overveen, Bloemendaal, North Holland, The Netherlands, 14.V. 1973 hartebeest (L)J- van Brummelen, culture on ( Alcelaphus caama) dung, zoological The Netherlands Morchella esculenta garden, Amsterdam, North Holland, (L) ; L. — C. Bas South per St.-Am. 6003, on sandy soil, Meyendel, Wassenaar, Holland, The — C. under Netherlands, 16.IV.1974 (L); Bas, on sandy soil-peaty soil, Populus and Crataegus, Voorschoten, South Holland, The Netherlands, 22. IV.1975 (L); Persoonia Part 4 Vol. g, I, 1976 S. F. Maire — Mycolachnea hemisphaerica (Wigg. per Gray) Piepenbroek j6g, on sandy soil, Epserbos, Epse, Gelderland, The Netherlands, 21.VII. 1974 (L); Pyronema omphalodes (Bull.) per St.-Am.) Fckl. — van Brummelen 4.081, on burnt soil, 't Joppe, The 6.VIII. — CBS Gorssel, Gelderland, Netherlands, 1973 (L); 373.62, several cul- tures cornmeal Rhizina undulata Fr. Pers. — Brummelen on agar (L); per van 4076, on burnt soil, 't Joppe, Gorssel, Gelderland, The Netherlands, 6.VIII.1973 (L); — Piepenbroek 761, on burnt soil, "de Poll" between Wilp and Voorst, Gelderland, The Netherlands, 20.VII.1974 (L); Sarcoscypha coccinea (Scop, per S. F. Gray) Lamb. — of unknown (probably Central European) origin (comm. Mr. G. D. Swanenburg de Thecotheus ■— culture rhinoceros P. Veye), 8.III.1974 (L); spec. on dung, Pentjang, W. Java, Indonesia, 28.X.1972 (L); Thelebolus crustaceus (Fckl.) — CBS 713.69, isolated enriched culture from carnivore dung, on oatmeal agar with horse dung decoction, R. F. Cain & al., Mt. Speke, Ruvenzori Mts, Uganda, 23.VII.1969 (L); Tode Steudel — isolated from Thelebolus stercoreus per CBS 717.69, culture deer oatmeal enriched with horse D. Simcoe dung, on agar dung decoction, Malloch, Co., Ontario, Canada, 13.V. 1968 (L). collections As not all field contained ripening apothecia some specimen were kept moist in conditioned growth chambers, in alternating light and darkness; Lasiobolus
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Survey of Fungi at the University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Field Station
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Field Station Bulletins UWM Field Station Spring 1993 A survey of fungi at the University of Wisconsin- Waukesha Field Station Alan D. Parker University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/fieldstation_bulletins Part of the Forest Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Parker, A.D. 1993 A survey of fungi at the University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Field Station. Field Station Bulletin 26(1): 1-10. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Field Station Bulletins by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Survey of Fungi at the University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Field Station Alan D. Parker Department of Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188 Introduction The University of Wisconsin-Waukesha Field Station was founded in 1967 through the generous gift of a 98 acre farm by Ms. Gertrude Sherman. The facility is located approximately nine miles west of Waukesha on Highway 18, just south of the Waterville Road intersection. The site consists of rolling glacial deposits covered with old field vegetation, 20 acres of xeric oak woods, a small lake with marshlands and bog, and a cold water stream. Other communities are being estab- lished as a result of restoration work; among these are mesic prairie, oak opening, and stands of various conifers. A long-term study of higher fungi and Myxomycetes, primarily from the xeric oak woods, was started in 1978.
    [Show full text]
  • Dreams and Nightmares of Latin American Ascomycete Taxonomists
    DREAMS AND NIGHTMARES OF NEOTROPICAL ASCOMYCETE TAXONOMISTS Richard P. Korf Emeritus Professor of Mycology at Cornell University & Emeritus Curator of the Cornell Plant Pathology Herbarium, Ithaca, New York A talk presented at the VII Congress of Latin American Mycology, San José, Costa Rica, July 20, 2011 ABSTRACT Is taxonomic inquiry outdated, or cutting edge? A reassessment is made of the goals, successes, and failures of taxonomists who study the fungi of the Neotropics, with a view toward what we should do in the future if we are to have maximum scientific and societal impact. Ten questions are posed, including: Do we really need names? Who is likely to be funding our future research? Is the collapse of the Ivory Tower of Academia a dream or a nightmare? I have been invited here to present a talk on my views on what taxonomists working on Ascomycetes in the Neotropics should be doing. Why me? Perhaps just because I am one of the oldest ascomycete taxonomists, who just might have some shreds of wisdom to impart. I take the challenge seriously, and somewhat to my surprise I have come to some conclusions that shock me, as well they may shock you. OUR HISTORY Let's take a brief view of the time frame I want to talk about. It's really not that old. Most of us think of Elias Magnus Fries as the "father of mycology," a starting point for fungal names as the sanctioning author for most of the fungi. In 1825 Fries was halfway through his Systema Mycologicum, describing and illustrating fungi on what he could see without the aid of a microscope.
    [Show full text]
  • A Four-Locus Phylogeny of Rib-Stiped Cupulate Species Of
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 60: 45–67 (2019) A four-locus phylogeny of of Helvella 45 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.60.38186 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A four-locus phylogeny of rib-stiped cupulate species of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) with discovery of three new species Xin-Cun Wang1, Tie-Zhi Liu2, Shuang-Lin Chen3, Yi Li4, Wen-Ying Zhuang1 1 State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2 College of Life Sciences, Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, China 3 College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China 4 College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China Corresponding author: Wen-Ying Zhuang ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Lumbsch | Received 11 July 2019 | Accepted 18 September 2019 | Published 31 October 2019 Citation: Wang X-C, Liu T-Z, Chen S-L, Li Y, Zhuang W-Y (2019) A four-locus phylogeny of rib-stiped cupulate species of Helvella (Helvellaceae, Pezizales) with discovery of three new species. MycoKeys 60: 45–67. https://doi. org/10.3897/mycokeys.60.38186 Abstract Helvella species are ascomycetous macrofungi with saddle-shaped or cupulate apothecia. They are distri- buted worldwide and play an important ecological role as ectomycorrhizal symbionts. A recent multi-locus phylogenetic study of the genus suggested that the cupulate group of Helvella was in need of comprehen- sive revision. In this study, all the specimens of cupulate Helvella sensu lato with ribbed stipes deposited in HMAS were examined morphologically and molecularly.
    [Show full text]
  • Pezizales, Pyronemataceae), Is Described from Australia Pamela S
    Swainsona 31: 17–26 (2017) © 2017 Board of the Botanic Gardens & State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia) A new species of small black disc fungi, Smardaea australis (Pezizales, Pyronemataceae), is described from Australia Pamela S. Catcheside a,b, Samra Qaraghuli b & David E.A. Catcheside b a State Herbarium of South Australia, GPO Box 1047, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Email: [email protected] b School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: A new species, Smardaea australis P.S.Catches. & D.E.A.Catches. (Ascomycota, Pezizales, Pyronemataceae) is described and illustrated. This is the first record of the genus in Australia. The phylogeny of Smardaea and Marcelleina, genera of violaceous-black discomycetes having similar morphological traits, is discussed. Keywords: Fungi, discomycete, Pezizales, Smardaea, Marcelleina, Australia Introduction has dark coloured apothecia and globose ascospores, but differs morphologically from Smardaea in having Small black discomycetes are often difficult or impossible dark hairs on the excipulum. to identify on macro-morphological characters alone. Microscopic examination of receptacle and hymenial Marcelleina and Smardaea tissues has, until the relatively recent use of molecular Four genera of small black discomycetes with purple analysis, been the method of species and genus pigmentation, Greletia Donad., Pulparia P.Karst., determination. Marcelleina and Smardaea, had been separated by characters in part based on distribution of this Between 2001 and 2014 five collections of a small purple pigmentation, as well as on other microscopic black disc fungus with globose spores were made in characters.
    [Show full text]
  • A Synopsis of the Saddle Fungi (Helvella: Ascomycota) in Europe – Species Delimitation, Taxonomy and Typification
    Persoonia 39, 2017: 201–253 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.09 A synopsis of the saddle fungi (Helvella: Ascomycota) in Europe – species delimitation, taxonomy and typification I. Skrede1,*, T. Carlsen1, T. Schumacher1 Key words Abstract Helvella is a widespread, speciose genus of large apothecial ascomycetes (Pezizomycete: Pezizales) that are found in terrestrial biomes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This study represents a beginning on molecular phylogeny assessing species limits and applying correct names for Helvella species based on type material and specimens in the Pezizales university herbaria (fungaria) of Copenhagen (C), Harvard (FH) and Oslo (O). We use morphology and phylogenetic systematics evidence from four loci – heat shock protein 90 (hsp), translation elongation factor alpha (tef), RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) – to assess species boundaries in an expanded sample of Helvella specimens from Europe. We combine the morphological and phylogenetic information from 55 Helvella species from Europe with a small sample of Helvella species from other regions of the world. Little intraspecific variation was detected within the species using these molecular markers; hsp and rpb2 markers provided useful barcodes for species delimitation in this genus, while LSU provided more variable resolution among the pertinent species. We discuss typification issues and identify molecular characteristics for 55 European Helvella species, designate neo- and epitypes for 30 species, and describe seven Helvella species new to science, i.e., H. alpicola, H. alpina, H. carnosa, H. danica, H. nannfeldtii, H. pubescens and H.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Families of the Pezizales: Karstenellaceae and Pseudor Hizinaceae
    Two new families of the Pezizales: Karstenellaceae and Pseudor hizinaceae Harr i Harmaja Department of Botany, University of Helsinki, SF-00170 Helsinki, Finland HARMAJA H . 1974: Two new families of the Pezizales: Karstenellaceae and Pseu­ dorhizinaceae. - Karstenia 14: 109- 112. The author considers especially the sporal, anatomical and cytological characters of the genera Karstenella Harmaja and Pseudorhizina J ach. to warrant the establishment of a new mono typic family for each : Karstenelloceae Harmaja and Pseudorhizinaceae Harmaja. Certain characters relevant to the family level taxonomy have been observed by the author in both genera. Features apparently diagnostic of the family Karstenellaceae are the p re­ sence of two nuclei in the spores, the lack of a cyanophilic perispore in all stages. of spore development, the simple structure of the excipulum which is exclusively composed of textura intricata, and the subicular characters. The genera of the Pezizales with tetranucleate spores are considered to form three different families on the basis of both sporal and anatomical differences: H elvellaceae Dum., Pseudorhizinaceae and Rhizinaceae Bon. The lack of a cyanophilic perispore in the mature spores and the simple structure and thick-walled hyphae of the excipulum are important distinguishing features of the family Pseudorhizinaceae. Comparisons are given between Pseudorhizinaceae and the two other families. I. Karstenellaceae Harmaja The description of the genus Karstenella valuable publication of 1972 the new tribe Harmaja was based on the new species K. Karstenelleae Korf was established in the vernalis Harmaja described in the same paper subfamily Pyronematoideae of the family (HARMAJA 1969b). Even then I noted that Pyronemataceae Corda.
    [Show full text]
  • 9B Taxonomy to Genus
    Fungus and Lichen Genera in the NEMF Database Taxonomic hierarchy: phyllum > class (-etes) > order (-ales) > family (-ceae) > genus. Total number of genera in the database: 526 Anamorphic fungi (see p. 4), which are disseminated by propagules not formed from cells where meiosis has occurred, are presently not grouped by class, order, etc. Most propagules can be referred to as "conidia," but some are derived from unspecialized vegetative mycelium. A significant number are correlated with fungal states that produce spores derived from cells where meiosis has, or is assumed to have, occurred. These are, where known, members of the ascomycetes or basidiomycetes. However, in many cases, they are still undescribed, unrecognized or poorly known. (Explanation paraphrased from "Dictionary of the Fungi, 9th Edition.") Principal authority for this taxonomy is the Dictionary of the Fungi and its online database, www.indexfungorum.org. For lichens, see Lecanoromycetes on p. 3. Basidiomycota Aegerita Poria Macrolepiota Grandinia Poronidulus Melanophyllum Agaricomycetes Hyphoderma Postia Amanitaceae Cantharellales Meripilaceae Pycnoporellus Amanita Cantharellaceae Abortiporus Skeletocutis Bolbitiaceae Cantharellus Antrodia Trichaptum Agrocybe Craterellus Grifola Tyromyces Bolbitius Clavulinaceae Meripilus Sistotremataceae Conocybe Clavulina Physisporinus Trechispora Hebeloma Hydnaceae Meruliaceae Sparassidaceae Panaeolina Hydnum Climacodon Sparassis Clavariaceae Polyporales Gloeoporus Steccherinaceae Clavaria Albatrellaceae Hyphodermopsis Antrodiella
    [Show full text]
  • SP412 Color Update.P65
    BULLETIN OF THE PUGET SOUND MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY Number 412 May 2005 TRADITIONAL REMEDY GOES UNDERGROUND doing my best to keep up the society’s traditions, such as main- Phuket Gazette via Denny Bowman taining our library. In my first year I found these two goals somewhat challenging, AMNAT CHAROEN - A woman in this northeastern province of Thailand was the latest to take a controversial folk remedy to cure partly because of vocal suggestions that PSMS should sell our microscopes and give away our library. In the makeup of the cur- herself of the effects of some poisonous mushrooms she gathered rent board I see a deep-seated interest in amateur science and and ate. upholding the club’s traditions. She was recently pictured on the front page of a Thai-language Many of us, though, as pot hunters, just like to hang out together newspaper buried up to her neck, mouth agape, as she underwent the treatment. Before she was buried, villagers stripped copper and eat. Almost a quarter of our membership attended the Survivor’s Banquet in March and did just that. Yum. filaments from electrical cables and ground them up in a mortar. The metal was then mixed with a variety of herbs and given to the I confess that my interests are in the ecological and scientific realm. woman, who ate the concoction. She was then buried, which the One of my dreams is to help initiate a permanent display for the villagers believe allows the surrounding soil to absorb the toxins annual exhibit dealing with conservation and ecology.
    [Show full text]
  • 80130Dimou7-107Weblist Changed
    Posted June, 2008. Summary published in Mycotaxon 104: 39–42. 2008. Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: IV. Macrofungi from Abies cephalonica forests and other intermixed tree species (Oxya Mt., central Greece) 1 2 1 D.M. DIMOU *, G.I. ZERVAKIS & E. POLEMIS * [email protected] 1Agricultural University of Athens, Lab. of General & Agricultural Microbiology, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece 2 [email protected] National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Lakonikis 87, GR-24100 Kalamata, Greece Abstract — In the course of a nine-year inventory in Mt. Oxya (central Greece) fir forests, a total of 358 taxa of macromycetes, belonging in 149 genera, have been recorded. Ninety eight taxa constitute new records, and five of them are first reports for the respective genera (Athelopsis, Crustoderma, Lentaria, Protodontia, Urnula). One hundred and one records for habitat/host/substrate are new for Greece, while some of these associations are reported for the first time in literature. Key words — biodiversity, macromycetes, fir, Mediterranean region, mushrooms Introduction The mycobiota of Greece was until recently poorly investigated since very few mycologists were active in the fields of fungal biodiversity, taxonomy and systematic. Until the end of ’90s, less than 1.000 species of macromycetes occurring in Greece had been reported by Greek and foreign researchers. Practically no collaboration existed between the scientific community and the rather few amateurs, who were active in this domain, and thus useful information that could be accumulated remained unexploited. Until then, published data were fragmentary in spatial, temporal and ecological terms. The authors introduced a different concept in their methodology, which was based on a long-term investigation of selected ecosystems and monitoring-inventorying of macrofungi throughout the year and for a period of usually 5-8 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Gyromitra Ambigua, Birchy Brook SECRETARY Nordic Ski Club Trails, Goose Bay, Labrador, August Jim Cornish AUDITOR 8, 2012
    V OMPHALINISSN 1925-1858 Foray registration & information issue Vol. VI, No 3 Newsletter of Apr. 16, 2015 OMPHALINA OMPHALINA, newsletter of Foray Newfoundland & Labrador, has no fi xed schedule of publication, and no promise to appear again. Its primary purpose is to serve as a conduit of information to registrants of the upcoming foray and secondarily as a communications tool with members. Issues of OMPHALINA are archived in: is an amateur, volunteer-run, community, Library and Archives Canada’s Electronic Collection <http://epe. not-for-profi t organization with a mission to lac-bac.gc.ca/100/201/300/omphalina/index.html>, and organize enjoyable and informative amateur Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Queen Elizabeth II Library mushroom forays in Newfoundland and (printed copy also archived) <collections.mun.ca/cdm/search/ collection/omphalina/>. Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained. The content is neither discussed nor approved by the Board of Directors. Therefore, opinions expressed do not represent the views of the Board, Webpage: www.nlmushrooms.ca the Corporation, the partners, the sponsors, or the members. Opinions are solely those of the authors and uncredited opinions solely those of the Editor. ADDRESS Foray Newfoundland & Labrador Please address comments, complaints, contributions to the self-appointed Editor, Andrus Voitk: 21 Pond Rd. Rocky Harbour NL seened AT gmail DOT com, A0K 4N0 CANADA … who eagerly invites contributions to OMPHALINA, dealing with any aspect even remotely related to mushrooms. E-mail: info AT nlmushrooms DOT ca Authors are guaranteed instant fame—fortune to follow. Authors retain copyright to all published material, and submission indicates permission to publish, subject to the usual editorial decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Pseudotsuga Menziesii)
    120 - PART 1. CONSENSUS DOCUMENTS ON BIOLOGY OF TREES Section 4. Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) 1. Taxonomy Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco is generally called Douglas-fir (so spelled to maintain its distinction from true firs, the genus Abies). Pseudotsuga Carrière is in the kingdom Plantae, division Pinophyta (traditionally Coniferophyta), class Pinopsida, order Pinales (conifers), and family Pinaceae. The genus Pseudotsuga is most closely related to Larix (larches), as indicated in particular by cone morphology and nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA phylogenies (Silen 1978; Wang et al. 2000); both genera also have non-saccate pollen (Owens et al. 1981, 1994). Based on a molecular clock analysis, Larix and Pseudotsuga are estimated to have diverged more than 65 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene (Wang et al. 2000). The earliest known fossil of Pseudotsuga dates from 32 Mya in the Early Oligocene (Schorn and Thompson 1998). Pseudostuga is generally considered to comprise two species native to North America, the widespread Pseudostuga menziesii and the southwestern California endemic P. macrocarpa (Vasey) Mayr (bigcone Douglas-fir), and in eastern Asia comprises three or fewer endemic species in China (Fu et al. 1999) and another in Japan. The taxonomy within the genus is not yet settled, and more species have been described (Farjon 1990). All reported taxa except P. menziesii have a karyotype of 2n = 24, the usual diploid number of chromosomes in Pinaceae, whereas the P. menziesii karyotype is unique with 2n = 26. The two North American species are vegetatively rather similar, but differ markedly in the size of their seeds and seed cones, the latter 4-10 cm long for P.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Species Delimitation
    VOLUME 5 JUNE 2020 Fungal Systematics and Evolution PAGES 169–186 doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2020.05.11 The Helvella corium species aggregate in Nordic countries – phylogeny and species delimitation S.B. Løken, I. Skrede, T. Schumacher Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, 0316 Oslo, Norway *Corresponding author: [email protected] Key words: Abstract: Mycologists have always been curious about the elaborate morphotypes and shapes of species of the genus molecular phylogeny Helvella. The small, black, cupulate Helvella specimens have mostly been assigned to Helvella corium, a broadly defined new taxon morpho-species. Recent phylogenetic analyses, however, have revealed an aggregate of species hidden under this Pezizales name. We performed a multispecies coalescent analysis to re-assess species limits and evolutionary relationships of Stacey the Helvella corium species aggregate in the Nordic countries. To achieve this, we used morphology and phylogenetic evidence from five loci – heat shock protein 90 (hsp), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef), RNA polymerase II Corresponding editor: (rpb2), and the 5.8S and large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. All specimens under the name Helvella P.W. Crous corium in the larger university fungaria of Norway, Sweden and Denmark were examined and barcoded, using partial hsp and/or rpb2 as the preferential secondary barcodes in Helvella. Additional fresh specimens were collected in three years (2015–2018) to obtain in vivo morphological data to aid in species discrimination. The H. corium species aggregate consists of seven phylogenetically distinct species, nested in three divergent lineages, i.e. H.
    [Show full text]