Pseudotsuga Menziesii)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Balsam Woolly Adelgid
A New Utah Forest Insect This fact sheet Pest: Balsam Woolly Adelgid introduces an invasive forest pest, the balsam By: Darren McAvoy, Extension Forestry Assistant Professor, woolly adelgid, and Diane Alston, Professor & Extension Entomologist, discusses its impacts on Ryan Davis, Arthropod Diagnostician, Utah forests, life cycle Megan Dettenmaier, Extension Forestry Educator traits, identifying characteristics, control Introduction methods, and steps that In 2017, the USDA Forest Service’s Forest Health Protection (FHP) group in Utah partners are taking Ogden, Utah detected and confirmed the presence of a new invasive forest to combat this pest. pest in Utah called the balsam woolly adelgid (BWA). First noticed in the mountains above Farmington Canyon and near Powder Mountain Resort, it has Dieback and decline of subalpine fir due to attack by balsam woolly adelgid. Photo credit: Darren McAvoy. 2017, forest health professionals visited Farmington Canyon on the ground and found branch node swelling (a node is where branch structures come together) and old deposits of woolly material on mature subalpine fir trees. Suspected to have originated in the Caucasus Mountains between Europe and Asia, BWA was first detected in North America in Maine, in 1908, and in California about 20 years later. It was detected in Idaho near Coeur d’Alene in 1983 and has since spread across northern Idaho. It is believed that separate invasions of subspecies or races of BWA may differentially impact tree host species. Dieback of subalpine fir, pacific silver (Abies amabilis) and grand fir (A. grandis) in Idaho is widespread. In the western Payette National Forest, north of Boise, an estimated 70% of subalpine fir trees are dead and falling down. -
Molecular Clock: Insights and Pitfalls
Molecular clock: insights and pitfalls • An historical presentation of the molecular clock. • Birth of the molecular clock • Neutral Theory of evolution • The Nearly Neutral Theory of Evolution • The molecular clock is a « sloppy » clock. • A variable « tick rate » • Different rates for different groups • Calibrating a molecular phylogenetic tree • Dating Methods --- Introductory seminar on the use of molecular tools in natural history collections - 6-7 November 2007, RMCA --- A historical presentation of the molecular clock -1951-1955: Sanger sequenced the first protein, the insulin. Give the potential for using molecular sequences to construct phylogeny -1962: Zuckerkandl and Pauling: AA differences between the hemoglobin of different species is correlated with the time passed since they diverged. Divergence time (T) dAB / 2 A B Rate = (dAB / 2) / T C D --- Introductory seminar on the use of molecular tools in natural history collections - 6-7 November 2007, RMCA --- A historical presentation of the molecular clock Fixed or lost by chance Kimura, 1968 Eliminated by selection Fixed by selection Selection theory more in agreement with the rate of morphological evolution (Modified from Bromham and Penny, 2003) --- Introductory seminar on the use of molecular tools in natural history collections - 6-7 November 2007, RMCA --- The Neutral Theory of molecular evolution Eliminated by selection Fixed by selection Kimura, 1968 Fixed or lost by chance GENETIC DRIFT ν ν Molecular rate of evolution = Mutation rate 2N e * 1/2N e = (Modified from -
Trees for Alkaline Soil Greg Paige, Arboretum Curator
RESEARCH LABORATORY TECHNICAL REPORT Trees for Alkaline Soil Greg Paige, Arboretum Curator Common name Scientific name Common name Scientific name Amur maple Acer ginnala Norway spruce Picea abies Hedge maple Acer campestre Serbian spruce Picea omorika Norway maple Acer platanoides Lacebark pine Pinus bungeana Paperbark maple Acer griseum Limber pine Pinus flexilis Tatarian maple Acer tatarian London plane tree Platanus x acerifolia European hornbeam Carpinus betulus Callery pear Pyrus calleryana Atlas cedar Cedrus atlantica (use cultivars) Cedar of Lebanon Cedrus libani Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria Deodar cedar Cedrus deodora Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa Hackberry Celtis occidentalis English oak Quercus robur Yellowwood Cladrastis lutea Littleleaf linden Tilia cordata Corneliancherry dogwood Cornus mas Silver linden Tilia tomentosa Cockspur hawthorn Crataegus crus-galli Lacebark elm Ulmus parvifolia Washington hawthorn Crataegus Japanese zelkova Zelkova serrata phaenopyrum Leyland cypress x Cupressocyparis leylandii Hardy rubber tree Eucommia ulmoides Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Founded in 1926, The Bartlett Tree Research Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba Laboratories is the research wing of Bartlett Tree Thornless honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos ‘inermis’ Experts. Scientists here develop guidelines for all of Kentucky coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus the Company’s services. The Lab also houses a state- Goldenraintree Koelreuteria of-the-art plant diagnostic clinic and provides vital paniculata technical support to Bartlett arborists and field staff Amur maackia Maackia amurensis for the benefit of our clients. Crabapple Malus spp. Parrotia/Persian ironwood Parrotia persica Amur cork tree Phellodendron amurense Page 1 of 1 . -
The Role of Fir Species in the Silviculture of British Forests
Kastamonu Üni., Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 2012, Özel Sayı: 15-26 Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty, 2012, Special Issue The Role of True Fir Species in the Silviculture of British Forests: past, present and future W.L. MASON Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9SY, U.K. E.mail:[email protected] Abstract There are no true fir species (Abies spp.) native to the British Isles: the first to be introduced was Abies alba in the 1600s which was planted on some scale until the late 1800s when it proved vulnerable to an insect pest. Thereafter interest switched to North American species, particularly grand (Abies grandis) and noble (Abies procera) firs. Provenance tests were established for A. alba, A. amabilis, A. grandis, and A. procera. Other silver fir species were trialled in forest plots with varying success. Although species such as grand fir have proved highly productive on favourable sites, their initial slow growth on new planting sites and limited tolerance of the moist nutrient-poor soils characteristic of upland Britain restricted their use in the afforestation programmes of the last century. As a consequence, in 2010, there were about 8000 ha of Abies species in Britain, comprising less than one per cent of the forest area. Recent species trials have confirmed that best growth is on mineral soils and that, in open ground conditions, establishment takes longer than for other conifers. However, changes in forest policies increasingly favour the use of Continuous Cover Forestry and the shade tolerant nature of many fir species makes them candidates for use with selection or shelterwood silvicultural systems. -
Conifer Reproductive Biology Claire G
Conifer Reproductive Biology Claire G. Williams Conifer Reproductive Biology Claire G. Williams USA ISBN: 978-1-4020-9601-3 e-ISBN: 978-1-4020-9602-0 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-9602-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927085 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover Image: Snow and pendant cones on spruce tree (reproduced with permission of Photos.com). Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword When it comes to reproduction, gymnosperms are deeply weird. Cycads and coni- fers have drawn out reproduction: at least 13 genera take over a year from pollina- tion to fertilization. Since they don’t apparently have any selection mechanism by which to discriminate among pollen tubes prior to fertilization, it is natural to won- der why such a delay in reproduction is necessary. Claire Williams’ book celebrates such oddities of conifer reproduction. She has written a book that turns the context of many of these reproductive quirks into deeper questions concerning evolution. The origins of some of these questions can be traced back Wilhelm Hofmeister’s 1851 book, which detailed the revolutionary idea of alternation of generations. -
U-Pb Geochronology and the Calibration of Metazoan Evolution: Progress and Promise
Eleventh Annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference (2001) 3867.pdf U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY AND THE CALIBRATION OF METAZOAN EVOLUTION: PROGRESS AND PROMISE. S. A. Bowring, M. W. Martin, and J. P. Grotzinger. Intensive efforts by paleontologists, evolutionary and developmental biologists, and geologists are leading to a much better understanding of the first appearance and subsequent explosive diversification of animals. The recognition of thin zircon-bearing air-fall ash beds interlayered with fossil-bearing rocks has allowed the establishment of a high-precision temporal framework for animal evolution. Refined laboratory techniques permit analytical uncertainties that translate to age uncertainties of less than 1 Ma and the potential for global correlations at even higher resolution (100-300 ka) when combined with integrated paleontological, chemostratigraphic, and geological data. This framework, will allow evaluation of models that invoke both intrinsic and extrinsic triggers for Metazoan evolution and the Cambrian radiation. In particular, many have pointed out that the first appearance of metazoan fossils follows a period characterized by dramatic climate fluctuations and large fluctuations in the sequestration of carbon. The oldest dated Metazoan fossils (Ediacarans) are younger than ca. 575 Ma and appear to just post-date the youngest Neoproterozoic glacial deposits ca. 580 Ma. The Doushantuo phosphatic rocks of south China preserve spectacular animal fossils but have not been precisely dated. Geochronological data from Neoproterozoic to Cambrian rocks in North America, Namibia, Great Britain, Siberia, and Oman indicate that Ediacaran fossils range from at least 575 Ma (Newfoundland) to <543 Ma (Namibia). Shelly fossils (Cloudina and Namacalathus) are > 548 to ca. 542 Ma. Complex trace-fossils occur at least as far back as 555 Ma (White Sea, Russia). -
Bridgeoporus Nobilissimus Is Much More Abundant Than Indicated by the Presence of Basidiocarps in Forest Stands
North American Fungi Volume 10, Number 3, Pages 1-28 Published May 29, 2015 Bridgeoporus nobilissimus is much more abundant than indicated by the presence of basidiocarps in forest stands Matthew Gordon1 and Kelli Van Norman2 1Molecular Solutions LLC, 715 NW Hoyt St., #2546, Portland, OR 97208, USA 2Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program, USDI Bureau of Land Management Oregon State Office & USDA Forest Service Region 6, 1220 SW 3rd Ave., Portland, OR 97204, USA Gordon, M., and K. Van Norman. 2015. Bridgeoporus nobilissimus is much more abundant than indicated by the presence of basidiocarps in forest stands. North American Fungi 10(3): 1-28. http://dx.doi:10.2509/naf2015.010.003 Corresponding author: Matt Gordon [email protected]. Accepted for publication May 4, 2015. http://pnwfungi.org Copyright © 2015 Pacific Northwest Fungi Project. All rights reserved. Abstract: The polypore Bridgeoporus nobilissimus produces large perennial basidiocarps on large diameter Abies stumps, snags and trees in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Despite the size and persistence of the basidiocarps, they are rarely observed, making the conservation of this species a concern. We determined that a genetic marker for this fungus could be detected in DNA extracted from wood cores taken from trees hosting basidiocarps. We then tested 105 trees and stumps that did not host B. nobilissimus basidiocarps in plots surrounding B. nobilissimus conks, and 291 trees and stumps in randomly located plots in four stands that contained at least one B. nobilissimus basidiocarp. We found that trees of all sizes throughout all of the stands hosted B. -
7. PSEUDOLARIX Gordon, Pinetum 292. 1858, Nom. Cons. 金钱松属 Jin Qian Song Shu Chrysolarix H
Flora of China 4: 41–42. 1999. 7. PSEUDOLARIX Gordon, Pinetum 292. 1858, nom. cons. 金钱松属 jin qian song shu Chrysolarix H. E. Moore; Laricopsis Kent. Trees deciduous; trunk monopodial, straight, terete; branches irregularly whorled; branchlets strongly dimorphic: long branchlets with leaves spirally arranged and radially spreading; short branchlets with leaves radially arranged in false whorls of 10–30 (often spirally spread like a discoid star). Leaves green, turning golden yellow before falling in autumn, narrowly oblanceolate-linear, flattened, 1.5–4 mm wide, flexible, stomatal lines abaxial, in 2 bands, separated by midvein, vascular bundle 1, resin canals 2 or 3 (–7), marginal. Pollen cones terminal on short branchlets, borne in umbellate clusters of 10–25, pendulous at maturity; pollen 2-saccate. Seed cones solitary, shortly pedunculate, erect or ± spreading, ovoid-globose, 2-seeded, maturing in 1st year. Seed scales thick, woody, deciduous at maturity. Bracts adnate to seed scales at base and shed together with them at maturity. Seeds with large, backward projecting wing extending beyond scale margin at maturity. Cotyledons 4–7. 2n = 44*. • One species: China. 1. Pseudolarix amabilis (J. Nelson) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 53. 1919. 金钱松 jin qian song Larix amabilis J. Nelson, Pinaceae 84. 1866; Abies kaempferi Lindley; Chrysolarix amabilis (J. Nelson) H. E. Moore; Laricopsis kaempferi (Lindley) Kent; Pseudolarix fortunei Mayr; P. kaempferi Gordon; P. pourtetii Ferré. Trees to 40 m tall; trunk to 3 m d.b.h.; bark gray-brown, rough, scaly, flaking; crown broadly conical; long branchlets initially reddish brown or reddish yellow, glossy, glabrous, becoming yellowish gray, brownish gray, or rarely purplish brown in 2nd or 3rd year, finally gray or dark gray; short branchlets slow growing, bearing dense rings of leaf cushions; winter buds ovoid, scales free at apex. -
Conifer Quarterly
Conifer Quarterly Vol. 24 No. 4 Fall 2007 Picea pungens ‘The Blues’ 2008 Collectors Conifer of the Year Full-size Selection Photo Credit: Courtesy of Stanley & Sons Nursery, Inc. CQ_FALL07_FINAL.qxp:CQ 10/16/07 1:45 PM Page 1 The Conifer Quarterly is the publication of the American Conifer Society Contents 6 Competitors for the Dwarf Alberta Spruce by Clark D. West 10 The Florida Torreya and the Atlanta Botanical Garden by David Ruland 16 A Journey to See Cathaya argyrophylla by William A. McNamara 19 A California Conifer Conundrum by Tim Thibault 24 Collectors Conifer of the Year 29 Paul Halladin Receives the ACS Annual Award of Merits 30 Maud Henne Receives the Marvin and Emelie Snyder Award of Merit 31 In Search of Abies nebrodensis by Daniel Luscombe 38 Watch Out for that Tree! by Bruce Appeldoorn 43 Andrew Pulte awarded 2007 ACS $1,000 Scholarship by Gerald P. Kral Conifer Society Voices 2 President’s Message 4 Editor’s Memo 8 ACS 2008 National Meeting 26 History of the American Conifer Society – Part One 34 2007 National Meeting 42 Letters to the Editor 44 Book Reviews 46 ACS Regional News Vol. 24 No. 4 CONIFER QUARTERLY 1 CQ_FALL07_FINAL.qxp:CQ 10/16/07 1:45 PM Page 2 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE Conifer s I start this letter, we are headed into Afall. In my years of gardening, this has been the most memorable year ever. It started Quarterly with an unusually warm February and March, followed by the record freeze in Fall 2007 Volume 24, No 4 April, and we just broke a record for the number of consecutive days in triple digits. -
Rhizopogon Togasawariana Sp. Nov., the First Report of Rhizopogon Associated with an Asian Species of Pseudotsuga
Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga Mujic, A. B., Hosaka, K., & Spatafora, J. W. (2014). Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga. Mycologia, 106(1), 105-112. doi:10.3852/13-055 10.3852/13-055 Allen Press Inc. Version of Record http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47245 http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Mycologia, 106(1), 2014, pp. 105–112. DOI: 10.3852/13-055 # 2014 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga Alija B. Mujic1 the natural and anthropogenic range of the family Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon and plays an important ecological role in the State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 establishment and maintenance of forests (Tweig et Kentaro Hosaka al. 2007, Simard 2009). The foundational species Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature concepts for genus Rhizopogon were established in the and Science, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan North American monograph of Smith and Zeller (1966), and a detailed monograph also has been Joseph W. Spatafora produced for European Rhizopogon species (Martı´n Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon 1996). However, few data on Asian species of State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 Rhizopogon have been incorporated into phylogenetic and taxonomic studies and only a limited account of Asian Rhizopogon species has been published for EM Abstract: Rhizopogon subgenus Villosuli are the only associates of Pinus (Hosford and Trappe 1988). -
Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes
Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades. -
Guidelines to Minimize the Impacts of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid
United States Department of Eastern Hemlock Agriculture Forest Service Forests: Guidelines to Northeastern Area State & Private Minimize the Impacts of Forestry Morgantown, WV Hemlock Woolly Adelgid NA-TP-03-04 Cover photographs (clockwise from upper left): hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) ovisacs on hemlock needles (Michael Montgomery, USDA Forest Service), hemlock-shaded stream (Jeff Ward, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station), and black-throated green warbler (Mike Hopiak, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology). Information about pesticides appears in this publication. Publication of this information does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does it imply that all uses discussed have been registered. Use of most pesticides is regulated by State and Federal law. Applicable regulations must be obtained from appropriate regulatory agencies. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife if not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices given on the label for use and disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities based on race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD).