Broken Records

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Broken Records BROKEN RECORDS BROKEN RECORDS Snežana Žabić punctum books earth, milky way BROKEN RECORDS © Snežana Žabić, 2016. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This work carries a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 International license, which means that you are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and you may also remix, transform and build upon the material, as long as you clearly attribute the work to the authors (but not in a way that suggests the authors or punctum endorses you and your work), you do not use this work for commercial gain in any form whatsoever, and that for any remixing and transform- ation, you distribute your rebuild under the same license. First published in 2016 by punctum books Earth, Milky Way https://punctumbooks.com ISBN-13: 978-0615949468 ISBN-10: 0615949460 punctum books is an independent, open-access pub- lisher dedicated to radically creative modes of intellectual inquiry and writing across a whimsical para-humanities assemblage. We solicit and pimp quixotic, sagely mad engagements with textual thought-bodies, and provide shelters for intellectual vagabonds. Cover Image: Gretchen Hasse, “Honest Friend” (2013); used by permission of the artist. Facing-page drawing by Heather Masciandaro. Before you start to read this book, take this moment to think about making a donation to punctum books, an independent non-profit press, @ https://punctumbooks.com/support/ If you’re reading the e-book, you can click on the image below to go directly to our donations site. Any amount, no matter the size, is appreciated and will help us to keep our ship of fools afloat. Contributions from dedicated readers will also help us to keep our commons open and to cultivate new work that can’t find a welcoming port elsewhere. Our ad/venture is not possible without your support. Vive la open-access. Fig. 1. Hieronymus Bosch, Ship of Fools (1490-1500) x This book is dedicated to the memory of Mika Šušnjar, Milka Vinčić, Nikola Vinčić, and Stoja Žabić. ; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following pieces, as they are in this book or in different versions, have appeared in these publications: “Meet Satan” in Copper Nickel 9 (2008) and reprinted in COIN 1 (2011) “My Dad’s Lens, Borovo Naselje, 2004” in Little Red Leaves 2 (2008) “Neo AFŽ: Revolution without Premeditation” in Feminist Review 99 (2011) “Factory Girls” (excerpt of “Neo AFŽ: Revolution without Premeditation”) in Neo AFŽ 1 (2001) “revolution without premeditation” and “the amount of serious love- sickness” (excerpts in “Neo AFŽ: Revolution without Premeditation”) in the book Po(jest)zija/Po(eat)ry by Ivana Percl and Snežana Žabić (SKC NS, Novi Sad, 2013) “Failing Haibun” in Wreckage of Reason II: Back to the Drawing Board (Spuyten Duyvil Press, 2014) “Why Wichita” (excerpt of “Failing Haibun”) in Marco Polo Arts Magazine (2012) TABLE OF CONTENTS ; 1 WITHERING 13 MEMORIES OF [STATE] 14 MEMORY OF [STATE] #1 15 MEET SATAN 23 MEMORY OF [STATE] #2 24 CARAVAN 2002 32 MEMORY OF [STATE] #3 33 REFUGEE FUNERALS 43 MEMORY OF [STATE] #4 44 DRAFT DODGING 56 MEMORY OF [STATE] #5 58 POWER SUIT AND STILETTOS: HOMECOMINGS 71 MEMORY [OF STATE] #6 72 NEIGHBORHOODS OF POETRY 85 MEMORY OF [STATE] #7 86 MEMORY AS QUOTING 89 BUGS BUNNY, OVERDUBBED 91 CAPSAICIN HEAT UNITES 93 MY DAD’S LENS, BOROVO, NASELJE, 2004 95 MEMORY OF [STATE] #8 96 SKYSCRAPERS 103 MEMORY OF [STATE] #9 105 SINGER 111 MEMORY OF [STATE] #10 113 NEO AFŽ: REVOLUTION WITHOUT PREMEDITATION 124 MEMORY OF [STATE] #11 125 FRAU X 135 MEMORY OF [STATE] #12 136 FAILING HAIBUN 142 MEMORY OF [STATE] #13 143 IN SEARCH OF GABI LUNCĂ 148 MEMORY OF [STATE] #14 149 DIASPORA MIXTAPE 161 MEMORIES OF STATE, OR OUR SERIES ON FUTURE 168 MIKA COMES OUT OF THE DARKNESS OF HISTORY 173 MEMORY OF [STATE] #15 WITHERING ; Recently on the phone, my mom proclaimed she was still a Communist. “I ran into our old neighbor, MM. Remember her?” she said. “Vaguely,” I told mom. It’s been over twenty years since I’d seen this particular neighbor; she moved with her family to a different part of town even before wars broke out. “Well, anyway,” mom continued. “MM and I talked for a while, and she had this white blouse on and a kilo of golden necklaces, but no bra. That’s in poor taste. I still believe in the old ‘From everyone according to their abilities, to everyone according to their needs.’ She needs a bra.” ; Yugoslavia ended in 1991 with the secession of first Slovenia, and then Croatia, followed by the Serbian retaliation and its attempt at conquest. While the Yugoslav Army warred with the newly seceded Slovenia for only ten days, during the somewhat unimaginatively named Ten Day War, the war between Croatia and Serbia lasted from 1991 to 1995. Croatia and Serbia were also involved in the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995, when NATO intervened. Meanwhile Kosovo was perco- lating, and the war erupted there in 1998 and lasted—NATO intervened there too—until June of 1999. Fast forward to 2008, and Kosovo is the last one to become an independent state. Now 2 | SNEŽANA ŽABIĆ there are seven states in place of Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Mace- donia. But what happened right before the break-up? Before the break-up, the Yugoslav state was in the process of withering away. What a poetic term: withering away. Yet it’s an actual term Marxists use to describe the second phase that happens en route to communism. In the first phase, right after the revolution, the state takes on mighty, mighty strength to nationalize most important branches of industry previously held in private hands, (finance, transportation, manufacture of producer’s goods, agri- culture) as well as to squelch any dissent. There you have it, the first phase, a.k.a. the dictatorship of the proletariat, Yugoslavia 1945-1974—check. Then comes a time to ease up on the state control, and to oversee a gradual, but determined withering away of the state. The second phase, a.k.a. worker’s self-management, Yugoslavia 1974-1990—check. The third phase marks the time when the new society emerges: there is no state, no remnants of old class divisions, nobody owns or lacks anything, there’s no currency, no hierarchies. The third phase, a.k.a. communism, a.k.a. “from everyone according to their abilities, to everyone according to their needs,” a.k.a. never happened in Yugoslavia or any other nation state. We spent Yugoslavia’s final years in an economic crisis, learning about our growing external debt, experiencing gas and other shortages, dissent coming from all sides, but especially from the well-funded and seductive ethnic nationalist ideologies. Some say the withering away project was so successful that the state became too weak to fight nationalism and prevent the break-up and the war. ; Around 1987, when I was just thirteen, some strange new graffiti began appearing in my hometown of Vukovar, declaring pride in murkier, ancient parts in the history of the graffiti hacks’ ethnic groups. Those strange retrograde symbols soon covered up the older kids’ hippie peace signs and punk anarchy signs already BROKEN RECORDS | 3 fading on the façades. Still, it was also a couple of years before the local police began looking like robocops, before the kiosks of two competing state-owned newspaper companies were blown up down the street from me, before the façades turned ugly with the explicit graffiti like: “Croatia to Croats!” Or the one on the post office: “This is Serbia,” under which someone sprayed: “This is the post office, moron!” During peacetime, my teenage years had been unfolding just as they were supposed to, a textbook case of a slightly mal- adjusted, self-conscious, budding semi-nonconformist. On weekend evenings I’d go to Mala Sala where a DJ was spinning the Eurodisco Top-40 music I refused to dance to. My brown hair was big and spiky, I often wore washed-out jeans and an over-sized striped sweater on my then-100-pound shadow of a frame, and equally oversized red-rimmed glasses. About 98% of the teens at the time wore jeans paired with jean jackets. I look at a picture of a group of kids circa 1988, standing on an Adriatic beach one sunny, early spring day, and the jean-clad bodies are blending with the blue backdrop to the point of vanishing. I was a pretty good kid. I would cut class every once in a while, but it was usually in order to practice or perform with the local poetry club, which equaled automatically excused absences. With my teenagehood came a bit of a chill between my parents and me: mom, dad, and I were learning the fragility of trust. Their faces wore a film of worry. I know now it was the 22- billion-dinar debt and the 200% inflation; it was the decreases in the production at the factory, and the missing bonuses, and the threat of bankruptcy and joblessness already happening in other companies; it was politicians spinning their spider web speeches to disgruntled workers and farmers; it was the TV saying more lies; it was my dad’s traveling for work; it was my mom’s quiet. But at the time, when I read worry in their eyes and in the new lines on their faces, I read my name over and over again. I was as dramatic a teenager as they come, and I remember walking with a few of my high school friends across the tracks to go catch the bus to school, the time I said out loud that I wasn’t even certain there would be a city here in the near future.
Recommended publications
  • Worlds Apart: Bosnian Lessons for Global Security
    Worlds Apart Swanee Hunt Worlds Apart Bosnian Lessons for GLoBaL security Duke university Press Durham anD LonDon 2011 © 2011 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ♾ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Charis by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. To my partners c harLes ansBacher: “Of course you can.” and VaLerie GiLLen: “Of course we can.” and Mirsad JaceVic: “Of course you must.” Contents Author’s Note xi Map of Yugoslavia xii Prologue xiii Acknowledgments xix Context xxi Part i: War Section 1: Officialdom 3 1. insiDe: “Esteemed Mr. Carrington” 3 2. outsiDe: A Convenient Euphemism 4 3. insiDe: Angels and Animals 8 4. outsiDe: Carter and Conscience 10 5. insiDe: “If I Left, Everyone Would Flee” 12 6. outsiDe: None of Our Business 15 7. insiDe: Silajdžić 17 8. outsiDe: Unintended Consequences 18 9. insiDe: The Bread Factory 19 10. outsiDe: Elegant Tables 21 Section 2: Victims or Agents? 24 11. insiDe: The Unspeakable 24 12. outsiDe: The Politics of Rape 26 13. insiDe: An Unlikely Soldier 28 14. outsiDe: Happy Fourth of July 30 15. insiDe: Women on the Side 33 16. outsiDe: Contact Sport 35 Section 3: Deadly Stereotypes 37 17. insiDe: An Artificial War 37 18. outsiDe: Clashes 38 19. insiDe: Crossing the Fault Line 39 20. outsiDe: “The Truth about Goražde” 41 21. insiDe: Loyal 43 22. outsiDe: Pentagon Sympathies 46 23. insiDe: Family Friends 48 24. outsiDe: Extremists 50 Section 4: Fissures and Connections 55 25.
    [Show full text]
  • Montenegro's Tribal Legacy
    WARNING! The views expressed in FMSO publications and reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Montenegro's Tribal Legacy by Major Steven C. Calhoun, US Army Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, KS. This article appeared in Military Review July-August 2000 The mentality of our people is still very patriarchal. Here the knife, revenge and a tribal (plemenski) system exist as nowhere else.1 The whole country is interconnected and almost everyone knows everyone else. Montenegro is nothing but a large family—all of this augurs nothing good. —Mihajlo Dedejic2 When the military receives an order to deploy into a particular area, planners focus on the terrain so the military can use the ground to its advantage. Montenegro provides an abundance of terrain to study, and it is apparent from the rugged karst topography how this tiny republic received its moniker—the Black Mountain. The territory of Montenegro borders Croatia, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Serbia and Albania and is about the size of Connecticut. Together with the much larger republic of Serbia, Montenegro makes up the current Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY). But the jagged terrain of Montenegro is only part of the military equation. Montenegro has a complex, multilayered society in which tribe and clan can still influence attitudes and loyalties. Misunderstanding tribal dynamics can lead a mission to failure. Russian misunderstanding of tribal and clan influence led to unsuccessful interventions in Afghanistan and Chechnya.3 In Afghanistan, the rural population's tribal organization facilitated their initial resistance to the Soviets.
    [Show full text]
  • Socialist Realism and Socialist Modernism IC I ICOMOS COMOS O M OS
    Sozialistischer Realismus und Sozialistische Moderne Welterbevorschläge aus Mittel- und Osteuropa Socialist Realism and Socialist Modernism World Heritage Proposals from Central and Eastern Europe Sozialistischer Realismus und Sozialistische Moderne SocialistSocialist Modernism Realism and III V L S EE T MI O ALK N O I T A N N E CH S UT E D S ICOMOS · HEFTE DES DEUTSCHEN NATIONALKOMITEES LVIII ICOMOS · JOURNALS OF THE GERMAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE LVIII ICOMOS · HEFTE DE ICOMOS ICOMOS · CAHIERS DU COMITÉ NATIONAL ALLEMAND LVIII Sozialistischer Realismus und Sozialistische Moderne Socialist Realism and Socialist Modernism I NTERNATIONAL COUNCIL on MONUMENTS and SITES CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES MONUMENTS ET DES SITES CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE MONUMENTOS Y SITIOS мЕждународный совЕт по вопросам памятников и достопримЕчатЕльных мЕст Sozialistischer Realismus und Sozialistische Moderne. Welterbevorschläge aus Mittel- und Osteuropa Dokumentation des europäischen Expertentreffens von ICOMOS über Möglichkeiten einer internationalen seriellen Nominierung von Denkmalen und Stätten des 20. Jahrhunderts in postsozialistischen Ländern für die Welterbeliste der UNESCO – Warschau, 14.–15. April 2013 – Socialist Realism and Socialist Modernism. World Heritage Proposals from Central and Eastern Europe Documentation of the European expert meeting of ICOMOS on the feasibility of an international serial nomination of 20th century monuments and sites in post-socialist countries for the UNESCO World Heritage List – Warsaw, 14th–15th of April 2013 – ICOMOS · H E F T E des D E U T S CHEN N AT I ONAL KO MI T E E S LVIII ICOMOS · JOURNALS OF THE GERMAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE LVIII ICOMOS · CAHIERS du COMITÉ NATIONAL ALLEMAND LVIII ICOMOS Hefte des Deutschen Nationalkomitees Herausgegeben vom Nationalkomitee der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Präsident: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a PDF of the 2021-2022 Catalog
    About Middlesex Community College mxcc.edu/catalog/about/ Founded in 1966 as a branch campus of Manchester Community College, Middlesex Community College became an independent member of the Community College System in 1968. At the outset, the college operated principally in space rented from Middletown Public Schools and loaned by Connecticut Valley Hospital. In 1973, the college moved to its present 35-acre campus, which overlooks the scenic Connecticut River and the city of Middletown. MxCC is conveniently located in central Connecticut and is easily accessible via major interstates. Our college and our community are partners in a tradition of shaping the future, one person at a time. We believe our success depends upon our ability to treat others with respect, educate the whole person, recognize that each individual is vital to our mission, and develop programs and services responsive to the current and changing needs of our community. MxCC believes that a college education should be available to everyone and is committed to providing excellence in teaching as well as personal support in developing the genius of each student. An open admissions college, MxCC awards associate degrees and certificates in more than 70 programs which lead to further study, employment, and active citizenship. In addition, the college shares its resources and addresses community needs through numerous credit and non-credit courses, business programs, cultural activities, and special events. Faculty and staff are dedicated to helping students achieve their academic, professional, and career potentials. This support is a continual process that recognizes 1/3 student diversity in both background and learning ability.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorial of the Republic of Croatia
    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (CROATIA v. YUGOSLAVIA) MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA ANNEXES REGIONAL FILES VOLUME 2 PART I EASTERN SLAVONIA 1 MARCH 2001 II CONTENTS ETHNIC STRUCTURES 1 Eastern Slavonia 3 Tenja 4 Antin 5 Dalj 6 Berak 7 Bogdanovci 8 Šarengrad 9 Ilok 10 Tompojevci 11 Bapska 12 Tovarnik 13 Sotin 14 Lovas 15 Tordinci 16 Vukovar 17 WITNESS STATEMENTS TENJA 19 Annex 1: Witness Statement of M.K. 21 Annex 2: Witness Statement of R.J. 22 Annex 3: Witness Statement of I.K. (1) 24 Annex 4: Witness Statement of J.P. 29 Annex 5: Witness Statement of L.B. 34 Annex 6: Witness Statement of P.Š. 35 Annex 7: Witness Statement of D.M. 37 Annex 8: Witness Statement of M.R. 39 Annex 9: Witness Statement of M.M. 39 Annex 10: Witness Statement of M.K. 41 Annex 11: Witness Statement of I.I.* 42 Annex 12: Witness Statement of Z.B. 52 Annex 13: Witness Statement of A.M. 54 Annex 14: Witness Statement of J.S. 56 Annex 15: Witness Statement of Z.M. 58 Annex 16: Witness Statement of J.K. 60 IV Annex 17: Witness Statement of L.R. 63 Annex 18: Witness Statement of Đ.B. 64 WITNESS STATEMENTS DALJ 67 Annex 19: Witness Statement of J.P. 69 Annex 20: Witness Statement of I.K. (2) 71 Annex 21: Witness Statement of A.K. 77 Annex 22: Witness Statement of H.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Law and Military Operations in Kosovo: 1999-2001, Lessons Learned For
    LAW AND MILITARY OPERATIONS IN KOSOVO: 1999-2001 LESSONS LEARNED FOR JUDGE ADVOCATES Center for Law and Military Operations (CLAMO) The Judge Advocate General’s School United States Army Charlottesville, Virginia CENTER FOR LAW AND MILITARY OPERATIONS (CLAMO) Director COL David E. Graham Deputy Director LTC Stuart W. Risch Director, Domestic Operational Law (vacant) Director, Training & Support CPT Alton L. (Larry) Gwaltney, III Marine Representative Maj Cody M. Weston, USMC Advanced Operational Law Studies Fellows MAJ Keith E. Puls MAJ Daniel G. Jordan Automation Technician Mr. Ben R. Morgan Training Centers LTC Richard M. Whitaker Battle Command Training Program LTC James W. Herring Battle Command Training Program MAJ Phillip W. Jussell Battle Command Training Program CPT Michael L. Roberts Combat Maneuver Training Center MAJ Michael P. Ryan Joint Readiness Training Center CPT Peter R. Hayden Joint Readiness Training Center CPT Mark D. Matthews Joint Readiness Training Center SFC Michael A. Pascua Joint Readiness Training Center CPT Jonathan Howard National Training Center CPT Charles J. Kovats National Training Center Contact the Center The Center’s mission is to examine legal issues that arise during all phases of military operations and to devise training and resource strategies for addressing those issues. It seeks to fulfill this mission in five ways. First, it is the central repository within The Judge Advocate General's Corps for all-source data, information, memoranda, after-action materials and lessons learned pertaining to legal support to operations, foreign and domestic. Second, it supports judge advocates by analyzing all data and information, developing lessons learned across all military legal disciplines, and by disseminating these lessons learned and other operational information to the Army, Marine Corps, and Joint communities through publications, instruction, training, and databases accessible to operational forces, world-wide.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Memory Practices of the Memorial Complex at Mrakovica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Manuela BRENNER The Construction, De- and Reconstruction of History and Memory: Local Memory Practices of the Memorial Complex at Mrakovica, Bosnia and Herzegovina THE CONSTRUCTION, DE- AND RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORY AND MEMORY: LOCAL MEMORY PRACTICES OF THE MEMORIAL COMPLEX AT MRAKOVICA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Manuela BRENNER University of Regensburg UDK: 069(497.6 Mrakovica):94(4)“1941/1945“ 069(497.6 Mrakovica:355(497.6)“1992/1995“ Prethodno priopćenje Primljeno: 07.10.2013. Prihvaćeno: 05.01.2014. This paper examines the memory practices of the memorial complex at Mrakovica at the Kozara National Park in the Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The original concept of the memorial site, founded in 1972, was to keep the Kozara-epos alive. The erected monument, the memorial wall and the museum were built to remember one of the biggest battles during the Second World War on Yugoslav soil during which more than ten thousand Partisan fighters and civilians lost their lives. During the communist era the memorial site fit into the official memory frame: the high number of casualties, especially civilians, was put into the foreground and the Partisans in their struggle for liberation were glorified. The key component of the official narrative was the slogan brotherhood and unity. After the armed conflict in the 1990s, the site underwent several transformations. New memorial frames were set by nationalists; thus history and memory were thereby de- and reconstructed. The new narrative included not only victims of the Second World War but exclusively those victims belonging to the ethnic group of Serbs of the First World War and the conflict in 1992-95.
    [Show full text]
  • Domaće Pesme
    SPISAK KARAOKE PESAMA Domaće pesme Sanja - Sindy 064 / 11 55 735 www.facebook.com/SindyKaraoke www.sindykaraoke.com [email protected] DOMAĆE PESME SINDY KARAOKE Sanja 064/11-55-735 najveći izbor domaćih i stranih karaoke pesama (engleskih, italijanskih, francuskih, španskih, ruskih) IZVOĐAČ PESMA IZVOĐAČ PESMA 187 Nikada nećeš znati Aleksandra Radović Ako nikada Aca i Mira Vrati nam se, druže Aleksandra Radović Čuvaj moje srce * Aca Ilić Lepe oči zelene Aleksandra Radović Jesam te pustila Aca Lukas Bele ruže Aleksandra Radović Još danas Aca Lukas Burbon Aleksandra Radović Kao so u moru Aca Lukas Čaše moje polomljene Aleksandra Radović Karta za jug Aca Lukas Dijabolik Aleksandra Radović Nisi moj Aca Lukas Hiljadu puta Aleksandra Radović Zažmuri Aca Lukas Imate li dušu tamburaši Aleksandra Ristanović Dočekaj me sa osmehom Aca Lukas Ista kao ja Alen Islamović Ispod kaputa Aca Lukas Ja živim sam Alen Slavica Dao sam ti dušu Aca Lukas Jagnje moje Alen Vitasović Bura Aca Lukas Koma Alisa Sanja Aca Lukas Kuda idu ljudi kao ja Alka i Džej Da si sada tu Aca Lukas Lična karta Alka i Stavros Zrak, zemlja, zrak Aca Lukas Na žalost Alka i Vuco Kad bi opet Aca Lukas Ne pitaj Alka Vuica Bolje bi ti bilo Aca Lukas Nešto protiv bolova Alka Vuica Ej, šta mi radiš Aca Lukas Niko jedan, dva i tri Alka Vuica Kriva Aca Lukas Otrov sipala Alka Vuica Laži me Aca Lukas Pao sam na dno Alka Vuica Nek’ ti jutro miriše na mene Aca Lukas Pesma od bola Alka Vuica Od kad te nema Aca Lukas Poljem se širi miris tamjana Alka Vuica Profesionalka Aca Lukas Pustinja
    [Show full text]
  • Memorial of the Republic of Croatia
    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (CROATIA v. YUGOSLAVIA) MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA APPENDICES VOLUME 5 1 MARCH 2001 II III Contents Page Appendix 1 Chronology of Events, 1980-2000 1 Appendix 2 Video Tape Transcript 37 Appendix 3 Hate Speech: The Stimulation of Serbian Discontent and Eventual Incitement to Commit Genocide 45 Appendix 4 Testimonies of the Actors (Books and Memoirs) 73 4.1 Veljko Kadijević: “As I see the disintegration – An Army without a State” 4.2 Stipe Mesić: “How Yugoslavia was Brought Down” 4.3 Borisav Jović: “Last Days of the SFRY (Excerpts from a Diary)” Appendix 5a Serb Paramilitary Groups Active in Croatia (1991-95) 119 5b The “21st Volunteer Commando Task Force” of the “RSK Army” 129 Appendix 6 Prison Camps 141 Appendix 7 Damage to Cultural Monuments on Croatian Territory 163 Appendix 8 Personal Continuity, 1991-2001 363 IV APPENDIX 1 CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS1 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE CHRONOLOGY BH Bosnia and Herzegovina CSCE Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe CK SKJ Centralni komitet Saveza komunista Jugoslavije (Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia) EC European Community EU European Union FRY Federal Republic of Yugoslavia HDZ Hrvatska demokratska zajednica (Croatian Democratic Union) HV Hrvatska vojska (Croatian Army) IMF International Monetary Fund JNA Jugoslavenska narodna armija (Yugoslav People’s Army) NAM Non-Aligned Movement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
    [Show full text]
  • FAA), April 01-May 13, 2013
    Description of document: FOIA case logs for Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), April 01-May 13, 2013 Requested date: 09-May-2013 Released date: 15-May-2013 Posted date: 22-July-2013 Source of document: FOIA Coordinator Federal Aviation Administration National Freedom of Information Act Staff, AFN-140 800 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20591 Fax: (202) 493-5032 Electronic request: Washington, DC FOIA The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. 0 U.S. Department FOIA Program Management Branch 800 Independence Avenue SW of Transportation Washington, DC 20591 Federal Aviation Administration May 15, 2013 Re: Freedom oflnformation Act (FOIA) Request 2013-4747 This is in response to your May 9 FOIA request for a copy of the FOIA Log from April 1, 2013 to the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter One: Postwar Resentment and the Invention of Middle America 10
    MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________ Timothy Melley, Director ________________________________________ C. Barry Chabot, Reader ________________________________________ Whitney Womack Smith, Reader ________________________________________ Marguerite S. Shaffer, Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT TALES FROM THE SILENT MAJORITY: CONSERVATIVE POPULISM AND THE INVENTION OF MIDDLE AMERICA by Jeffrey Christopher Bickerstaff In this dissertation I show how the conservative movement lured the white working class out of the Democratic New Deal Coalition and into the Republican Majority. I argue that this political transformation was accomplished in part by what I call the "invention" of Middle America. Using such cultural representations as mainstream print media, literature, and film, conservatives successfully exploited what came to be known as the Social Issue and constructed "Liberalism" as effeminate, impractical, and elitist. Chapter One charts the rise of conservative populism and Middle America against the backdrop of 1960s social upheaval. I stress the importance of backlash and resentment to Richard Nixon's ascendancy to the Presidency, describe strategies employed by the conservative movement to win majority status for the GOP, and explore the conflict between this goal and the will to ideological purity. In Chapter Two I read Rabbit Redux as John Updike's attempt to model the racial education of a conservative Middle American, Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom, in "teach-in" scenes that reflect the conflict between the social conservative and Eastern Liberal within the author's psyche. I conclude that this conflict undermines the project and, despite laudable intentions, Updike perpetuates caricatures of the Left and hastens Middle America's rejection of Liberalism.
    [Show full text]
  • Graphic Novels: Enticing Teenagers Into the Library
    School of Media, Culture and Creative Arts Department of Information Studies Graphic Novels: Enticing Teenagers into the Library Clare Snowball This thesis is presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Curtin University of Technology March 2011 Declaration To the best of my knowledge and belief this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where due acknowledgement has been made. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. Signature: _____________________________ Date: _________________________________ Page i Abstract This thesis investigates the inclusion of graphic novels in library collections and whether the format encourages teenagers to use libraries and read in their free time. Graphic novels are bound paperback or hardcover works in comic-book form and cover the full range of fiction genres, manga (Japanese comics), and also nonfiction. Teenagers are believed to read less in their free time than their younger counterparts. The importance of recreational reading necessitates methods to encourage teenagers to enjoy reading and undertake the pastime. Graphic novels have been discussed as a popular format among teenagers. As with reading, library use among teenagers declines as they age from childhood. The combination of graphic novel collections in school and public libraries may be a solution to both these dilemmas. Teenagers’ views were explored through focus groups to determine their attitudes toward reading, libraries and their use of libraries; their opinions on reading for school, including reading for English classes and gathering information for school assignments; and their liking for different reading materials, including graphic novels.
    [Show full text]