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Journal Reference Journal L'invention de l'agriculture BORRELLO, Maria (Ed.), LÉVY, Bertrand (Ed.) Abstract Editorial, Bertrand Lévy 5 Avant-propos au thème, Maria A. Borrello 7 La recherche archéologique et les origines de l'agriculture Maria A. Borrello 9 L'alimentation des hommes préhistoriques en Suisse Stefanie Jacomet & Joerg Schibler 33 Céréales, mauvaises herbes et faucilles : à la recherche des premiers agriculteurs au nord des Alpes Maria A. Borrello, Ursula Maier & Helmut Schlichtherle 47 Aux origines du vin. Du mythe à la recherche archéologique Giorgio Chelidonio 65 Mémoires : Agroforêt : formes et pratiques héritées en Indonésie et à Madagascar, Jean-Baptiste Bing 89 Ce jour-là, à Genève, les moulins sur le Rhône auraient pu tourner à l'envers… La crue de l'Arve des 1-5 mai 2015 Jean Sesiano & Stéphanie Girardclos 97 Le Globe : de sa fondation (1860) à sa mise en ligne (2015). Quelques repères historiques et enjeux éditoriaux Bertrand Lévy 109 Comptes rendus : Parfum de jasmin dans la nuit syrienne, de Sarah Chardonnens Bertrand Lévy 125 Indian Road, de David Treuer Irène Hirt 129 Dictionnaire Amoureux de la Bourgogne, de Jean-Robert Pitte Jean-Baptiste Bing 137 Société de [...] Reference BORRELLO, Maria (Ed.), LÉVY, Bertrand (Ed.). L'invention de l'agriculture. Le Globe, 2015, vol. 155, p. 1-165 Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:82182 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 LE GLOBE Revue genevoise de géographie L'invention de l'agriculture Tome 155 - 2015 Le Globe est la revue annuelle de la Société de Géographie de Genève et du Département de Géographie et Environnement de l’Université de Genève. Il a été fondé en 1860. Publié avec le soutien de la Ville de Genève. Comité éditorial : Angelo Barampama, Ruggero Crivelli, Lionel Gauthier, Paul Guichonnet, Charles Hussy, Bertrand Lévy, Claude Raffestin, Frédéric Tinguely, Jean-Claude Vernex : Université de Genève. Alain De l'Harpe, Philippe Dubois, Gianni Hochkofler, Philippe Martin, Christian Moser, Renato Scariati, Véronique Stein, René Zwahlen : Société de Géographie de Genève. Annabel Chanteraud, Université de Genève Elisabeth Bäschlin, Université de Berne Hans Elsasser, Université de Zurich Franco Farinelli, Université de Bologne Claudio Ferrata, Université de la Suisse italienne Hervé Gumuchian, Université de Grenoble Jean-Christophe Loubier, HES-SO Valais René Georges Maury, Université de Naples Jean-Luc Piveteau, Université de Fribourg Jean-Bernard Racine, Université de Lausanne François Taglioni, Université de Saint-Denis de la Réunion. Rédacteur : Bertrand Lévy. Coordinateurs du Tome 155 : Maria Borrello (pour la partie thématique L'invention de l'agriculture) et Bertrand Lévy. Lecteurs critiques du Tome 155 : J.-B. Bing, M. Borrello, R. Crivelli, M. Gal, G. Hochkofler, B. Lévy, J.-C. Loubier, L. Matthey, C. Moser, V. Piuz, V. Stein, R. Zwahlen. Tous les articles ont été soumis à lecture critique. Les articles publiés dans Le Globe engagent la seule responsabilité de leurs auteurs Ils ne peuvent être reproduits sans autorisation des éditeurs. Les propositions de publications sont à adresser au rédacteur : [email protected] Le Globe est une revue arbitrée par des pairs / a peer-reviewed journal. Tirage : ca 450 ex. Site internet : http://www.unige.ch/ses/geo/Globe/ et www.sgeo-ge.ch Le Globe est en ligne sur Persée : http://www.persee.fr/collection/globe © Le Globe 2015 ISSN : 0398-3412 1 LE GLOBE Revue genevoise de géographie Tome 155 L’INVENTION DE L’AGRICULTURE Département de Géographie et Environnement Université de Genève Société de Géographie de Genève 2015 2 LE GLOBE - TOME 155 - 2015 3 LE GLOBE – TOME 155 – L’INVENTION DE L’AGRICULTURE SOMMAIRE Editorial 5 Bertrand Lévy Avant-propos au thème 7 Maria A. Borrello La recherche archéologique et les origines de l'agriculture 9 Maria A. Borrello L'alimentation des hommes préhistoriques en Suisse 33 Stefanie Jacomet & Joerg Schibler Céréales, mauvaises herbes et faucilles : à la recherche des premiers agriculteurs au nord des Alpes 47 Maria A. Borrello, Ursula Maier & Helmut Schlichtherle Aux origines du vin. Du mythe à la recherche archéologique 65 Giorgio Chelidonio Mémoires Agroforêt : formes et pratiques héritées en Indonésie et à Madagascar 89 Jean-Baptiste Bing Ce jour-là, à Genève, les moulins sur le Rhône auraient pu tourner 97 à l'envers… La crue de l'Arve des 1-5 mai 2015 Jean Sesiano & Stéphanie Girardclos Le Globe : de sa fondation (1860) à sa mise en ligne (2015). 109 Quelques repères historiques et enjeux éditoriaux Bertrand Lévy Comptes rendus Parfum de jasmin dans la nuit syrienne, de Sarah Chardonnens 125 Bertrand Lévy LE GLOBE - TOME 155 - 2015 4 Indian Road, de David Treuer 129 Irène Hirt Dictionnaire Amoureux de la Bourgogne, de Jean-Robert Pitte 137 Jean-Baptiste Bing Société de Géographie de Genève Bulletin de la Société de Géographie de Genève 141 LE GLOBE - TOME 155 - 2015 5 ÉDITORIAL 2015 aura été l’année de la mise en ligne du Globe, depuis sa fondation, en 1860, jusqu’à aujourd’hui. La numérisation, qui n’est pas encore tout à fait terminée à l’heure où nous écrivons ces lignes, a été accomplie gracieusement par Persée, le plus important portail de revues en sciences humaines et sociales francophone. Nous exprimons notre gratitude à l’équipe de Persée, et en premier lieu, à nos correspondants depuis plus de quatre ans, Aurélie Monteil, Emilie Paget, Philippe Gissinger et Thomas Mansier, de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon. Nos remerciements vont aussi à l’équipe du Globe qui a rendu cette opération possible, en particulier à Lionel Gauthier, notre ancien archi- viste et membre du Bureau qui a initié la manœuvre, et à Philippe Mar- tin, notre archiviste qui a mis et remis à disposition tous les numéros de la revue. Cette mise en ligne va faciliter les recherches sur la revue, recherches qui se sont d’ailleurs concrétisées par deux mémoires de maîtrise récents et passionnants à lire : La Société de géographie de Genève et « Le Globe » : une image de l'Asie (1870-1914) par Michele Montaquila (Dé- partement de géographie, Université de Genève, 2014) et La Société de géographie de Genève et l'impérialisme suisse (1858-1914) par Fabio Rossinelli, historien qui a remporté le Prix de la Faculté des Lettres de l’Université de Lausanne (2014). Ce dernier poursuit ses recherches en thèse de doctorat en comparant les différentes sociétés de géographie de Suisse. Voici plusieurs années, une étudiante latino-américaine me confia que dans son université, elle lisait Le Globe que recevait sa bibliothèque ; c’était un moyen pour elle d’accéder à des textes en français sur des sujets qui l’intéressaient. Cette lecture ne fut certainement pas étrangère à sa décision de venir poursuivre ses études à Genève. Le Globe, ambas- sadeur de la langue française dans le monde, qui y aurait songé ? Que dire à présent alors que la revue est consultable virtuellement par les 280 millions de francophones vivant sur la planète ? Rappelons tout de même que le français demeure une langue scientifique et littéraire internatio- tionale, qu’elle est la 2e langue la plus apprise dans le monde, qu’elle est celle qui progresse le plus (grâce notamment à l’Afrique subsaharienne), qu’elle constitue la 2e langue d’information internationale dans les LE GLOBE - TOME 155 - 2015 6 médias, la 2e langue de travail de la plupart des organisations interna- tionales, la 3e langue des affaires et la 4e langue d’Internet1. Développer le thème de l'agriculture – qui par définition associe la pratique de l’élevage –, c'est aussi retrouver en quelque sorte les racines du Globe ; son fondateur, Henri Bouthillier de Beaumont, n’était-il pas agronome et éleveur, dans son domaine de Collonges-sous-Salève ? Les quatre articles publiés dans la section thématique de ce volume propo- sent quelques-uns des plus anciens chapitres de l’histoire de l’agricul- ture. Nous remercions les chercheurs de langue italienne et allemande qui ont accepté de publier leurs contributions dans notre langue. Dans les Mémoires, l'un des articles revisite des savoir-faire ancestraux en matière d’agriculture forestière tandis que le second revient sur un évènement qui a marqué l'année écoulée à Genève : la crue de l’Arve de mai 2015. Un troisième trace l’histoire de la revue, de sa fondation à nos jours. Bertrand Lévy 1 Abdou Diouf (2014), La langue française dans le monde, Organisation interna- tionale de la francophonie, Nathan, Paris, p. 3. LE GLOBE - TOME 155 - 2015 7 L’INVENTION DE L’AGRICULTURE AVANT-PROPOS La recherche archéologique nous apprend aujourd’hui la complexité et le caractère fragmentaire des processus qui ont amené à la conso- lidation du monde agricole depuis 10.000 ans. L’histoire de l’agriculture s’entremêle à l’évolution des pratiques alimentaires, au goût des aliments exotiques, au plaisir des jardins issus d’un souci esthétique. Les produits agricoles de notre quotidien résument des histoires d’expérimentations, de migrations, de découvertes… Aucun de nos mets européens n'existerait sans l’arrivée des premiers agriculteurs et leur bagage de plantes et d’animaux domestiqués au Moyen-Orient il y a plusieurs millénaires. Certains repas typiques de la Méditerranée ne peuvent pas être conçus sans le riz d’Extrême-Orient. La découverte du continent américain a contribué avec une cinquantaine de nouveautés parmi lesquelles on compte la pomme de terre originaire du Pérou, le maïs, la tomate, l’avocat et le chocolat mésoaméricain, le tournesol des plaines alluviales de l’est des Etats-Unis… Certaines exploitations du XXIe siècle se détachent et s’approchent des pratiques traditionnelles. Les agricultures intensives et productivistes de nos paysages ruraux et les méthodes agressives des biotechnologies modernes menacent la survie de la paysannerie et marquent le boule- versement des écosystèmes.
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