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Constitutional Monarchy

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Constitutional Monarchy Unit Portfolio: Interpreting Visual Images 1. What can you tell about this man based only on what you see in this picture? Make up a brief biography based on your perception of this photo. Use complete sentences Unit 2: Age of Reason Lesson 1: Unlimited vs. Limited Government Textbook Correlation: Chapter 4: Lesson 2 Today’s Standard 7-2.1 Analyze the characteristics of limited government and unlimited government that evolved in Europe in the 1600s and 1700s. Essential Questions • What is the difference between limited and unlimited government? • Which European nations developed these government systems ? • Key Vocabulary Legislative Executive Judicial Unlimited Government Absolutism Monarchy Divine Right Authoritarianism Limited Government Magna Carta Constitution Unwritten Constitution Constitutional Monarchy Democracy Separation of Powers Powers of the Government • Legislative Power: make laws • Executive Power: enforce laws • Judicial Power: interpret laws Unlimited Government • Any system where there are NO limits on what the government can do • Leaders have total power • Citizens have no power • Leaders don’t have to follow the same laws as the citizens • Dictatorships • Oligarchies • Absolute Monarchies Absolute Monarchies • Absolutism: all three government powers held by one person or ruling body • Monarchy: government authority passed through the family line (king, queen, czar, sultan, pharaoh, etc.) • Absolute Monarchy: • All government powers held by monarch • Unlimited government • Power passed down parent to child Divine Right • The belief that God chooses kings to rule countries • Supported absolutism • Authoritarianism: • Complete obedience to the government (authority) • Citizens did not question the monarchy • (yet) more on this later… Absolute Monarchs • King Louis XIV • Czar Peter the Great • France • Russia •Maintained power by • Using military to enforce rules • Raising taxes • Dissolving legislative bodies Life Under Absolute Monarchs • Rights and freedoms very limited • Peter: created more serfs and forced them to work for the nobility • Rights could be taken away at any time • Louis XIV outlawed Protestantism in France Class Work: DBQ Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution End Day 1: Thursday Unit Portfolio-DBQ Primary Sources Use the documents provided to answer the following questions 2. Why did King John agree to sign the Magna Carta? 3. What groups are included in the common council in Article 14? 4. In your own words, explain what Article 1 means. Government Gets Some Limits • Limited Government • Restraints placed on the power and authority of a government • Began in England • Magna Carta (1215) • Signed by King John of England • First document to limit the power of a king • Could not tax without permission from a council of nobles (early parliament) • Guaranteed certain rights to English citizens • Rule of law: no one, not even the king is above the law England and the Unwritten Constitution • Constitution: written plan for government • Unwritten Constitution: plan for government based on legal tradition and multiple documents rather than a single document • England’s includes: Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and many others • Created a Constitutional Monarchy: government where power is shared between the monarch and a legislative body (parliament) Other Limits • Democracy: citizens are the final authority in the government • British citizens began electing representatives to parliament • British colonies create representative governments • Separation of Powers: Executive, legislative, and judicial powers are placed in several government bodies • King: Executive • Parliament: Legislative • Courts: Judicial Unit Portfolio: Check on Learning 5. Who holds executive, legislative, and judicial power in an absolute monarchy? 6. Name two ways that the absolute monarchs of Europe were able to maintain their power 7. Explain the significance of the Magna Carta. Activity End Day 2: Friday Democracy – Limited Government Autocracy – Unlimited Government Advantages: Advantages: 1. Happier citizens 1. Faster decision making 2. Increased fairness 2. Faster change 3. Power comes from the people 4. Easier to get rid of bad leaders Disadvantages: Disadvantages: 1. Takes time to make 1. Easy to corrupt decisions 2. Citizens have no voice 2. Change is slow 3. Harder to get bad leaders 3. Hard to make everybody out of power happy 4. Decisions are often made 4. Possibility for fraud to please only a few people.
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