English Constitutional Monarchy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

T he Stuart Monarchy James I [r. 1603-1625] James I’s speech to the House of Commons: I am surprised that my ancestors should ever be permitted such an institution to come into existence. I am a stranger, and found it here when I arrived, so that I am obliged to put up with what I cannot get rid of! James I [r. 1603-1625] a Wanted absolute power. a He quickly alienated a Parliament grown accustomed under the Tudors to act on the premise that monarch and Parliament TOGETHER ruled England as a “balance polity.” James I [r. 1603-1625] a He alienated the Puritans by his strong defense of the Anglican Church. a Many of England’s gentry [mostly rich landowners below the level of the nobility] became Puritans. These Puritan gentry formed an important and large part of the House of Commons. It was NOT WISE to alienate them! Gunpowder Plot, 1605 a An attempt by some provincial Catholics to kill King James I and most of the Protestant aristocracy. a Blow up the House of Lords during the state opening of Parliament. Guy Fawkes Executions of the Gunpowder Plotters James I [r. 1603-1625] a Problems he faced: . Large royal debt. He wasn’t English he didn’t understand English customs [esp. English law!] . Believed in Divine Right of Kings. Pro-Catholic sympathies. Clashed with Parliament He raised money without Parliament’s consent! King James Bible, 1611 T he Seesaw of King & Parliament: 1603-1689 Graphic Organizer, Box 1 • Ruled 1603 – 1625 • Was first King James VI of Scotland • After Elizabeth I died, he became James I of England, uniting the 2 countries and calling it Great Britain Graphic Organizer, Box 2 • Responsible for creating the King James Bible • Believed in the “Divine Right of Kings” • Created the current British flag Graphic Organizer, Box 3 • Started colonization of North America – Jamestown • Fought with Parliament and the Catholics • Spent money .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Guidance on the Use of Royal Arms, Names and Images
GUIDANCE ON THE USE OF ROYAL ARMS, NAMES AND IMAGES 1 The following booklet summarises the legal position governing the use, for commercial purposes, of the Royal Arms, Royal Devices, Emblems and Titles and of photographs, portraits, engravings, effigies and busts of The Queen and Members of the Royal Family. Guidance on advertising in which reference is made to a Member of the Royal Family, and on the use of images of Members of the Royal Family on articles for sale, is also provided. The Lord Chamberlain’s Office will be pleased to provide guidance when it is unclear as to whether the use of “Arms” etc., may give the impression that there is a Royal connection. 2 TRADE MARKS Section 4 (1) of the Trade Marks Act 1994 states: “A trade mark which consists of or contains – (a) the Royal arms, or any of the principal armorial bearings of the Royal arms, or any insignia or device so nearly resembling the Royal arms or any such armorial bearing as to be likely to be mistaken for them or it, (b) a representation of the Royal crown or any of the Royal flags, (c) a representation of Her Majesty or any Member of the Royal Family, or any colourable imitation thereof, or (d) words, letters or devices likely to lead persons to think that the applicant either has or recently has had Royal patronage or authorisation, shall not be registered unless it appears to the registrar that consent has been given by or on behalf of Her Majesty or, as the case may be, the relevant Member of the Royal Family.” The Lord Chamberlain's Office is empowered to grant the consent referred to in Section 4(1) on behalf of Her Majesty The Queen.
[Show full text]
What Kind of Ruler Was Oliver Cromwell? > Key People & Events
Civil War > What kind of ruler was Oliver Cromwell? > Key people & events What kind of ruler was Oliver Cromwell? Key people & events Key dates December 1653 Cromwell became Lord Protector. He ruled with the Council of State, advisers chosen by him. September 1654 Cromwell’s first Parliament met. MPs were forced to swear loyalty to him or resign. At the same time Cromwell made great efforts to achieve what he called ‘healing and settlement’. This meant fair and efficient government for all. November 1654 Cromwell introduced excise (a tax on all goods bought and sold). This was not approved by Parliament. January 1655 Cromwell dismissed his first Parliament and ruled without Parliament. August 1655 Cromwell put Britain under military rule. He appointed eleven Major Generals to rule the country. This approach was unsuccessful and unpopular. September 1656 The Second Protectorate Parliament met, but only after 100 MPs opposed to Cromwell were banned. January 1657 Cromwell agreed to end the system of Major Generals. March 1657 MPs came up with a new system for government in the ‘Humble Petition and Advice’. Many MPs, and Cromwell’s supporters, urged him to make himself king. Cromwell refused the crown, but was confirmed as Lord Protector. February 1658 Cromwell dismissed Parliament after more disputes with MPs. September 1658 Cromwell died. His son Richard became Lord Protector, but was forced to retire in May 1659. 1660 No acceptable person could be found to take over as Lord Protector. Parliament invited Charles II (son of Charles I) back to restore the monarchy. This is known as ‘The Restoration’.
[Show full text]
Why Did Britain Become a Republic? > New Government
Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Why did Britain become a republic? Case study 2: New government Even today many people are not aware that Britain was ever a republic. After Charles I was put to death in 1649, a monarch no longer led the country. Instead people dreamed up ideas and made plans for a different form of government. Find out more from these documents about what happened next. Report on the An account of the Poem on the arrest of setting up of the new situation in Levellers, 1649 Commonwealth England, 1649 Portrait & symbols of Cromwell at the The setting up of Cromwell & the Battle of the Instrument Commonwealth Worcester, 1651 of Government http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/ Page 1 Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Case study 2: New government - Source 1 A report on the arrest of some Levellers, 29 March 1649 (Catalogue ref: SP 25/62, pp.134-5) What is this source? This is a report from a committee of MPs to Parliament. It explains their actions against the leaders of the Levellers. One of the men they arrested was John Lilburne, a key figure in the Leveller movement. What’s the background to this source? Before the war of the 1640s it was difficult and dangerous to come up with new ideas and try to publish them. However, during the Civil War censorship was not strongly enforced. Many political groups emerged with new ideas at this time. One of the most radical (extreme) groups was the Levellers.
[Show full text]
Contextual Information Timelines and Family Trees Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July 2019
16 March — 14 July 2019 British Royal Portraits Exhibition organised by the National Portrait Gallery, London Contextual Information Timelines and Family Trees Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July 2019 Tudors to Windsors traces the history of the British monarchy through the outstanding collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London. This exhibition highlights major events in British (and world) history from the sixteenth century to the present, examining the ways in which royal portraits were impacted by both the personalities of individual monarchs and wider historical change. Presenting some of the most significant royal portraits, the exhibition will explore five royal dynasties: the Tudors, the Stuarts, the Georgians, the Victorians and the Windsors shedding light on key figures and important historical moments. This exhibition also offers insight into the development of British art including works by the most important artists to have worked in Britain, from Sir Peter Lely and Sir Godfrey Kneller to Cecil Beaton and Annie Leibovitz. 2 UK WORLDWIDE 1485 Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, becoming King Henry VII The Tudors and founding the Tudor dynasty 1492 An expedition led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus encounters the Americas 1509 while searching for a Western passage to Asia Henry VII dies and is succeeded Introduction by King Henry VIII 1510 The Inca abandon the settlement of Machu Picchu in modern day Peru Between 1485 and 1603, England was ruled by 1517 Martin Luther nails his 95 theses to the five Tudor monarchs. From King Henry VII who won the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, crown in battle, to King Henry VIII with his six wives and a catalyst for the Protestant Reformation 1519 Elizabeth I, England’s ‘Virgin Queen’, the Tudors are some Hernando Cortes lands on of the most familiar figures in British history.
[Show full text]
Literature Review the Outline of My Research Topic Will Encompass
Literature Review The outline of my research topic will encompass Anne of Denmark’s role as queen consort in Scotland and England, from 1589 to 1619, in order to investigate her political influence. To fully understand Anna’s political role, recent historiography surrounding influential women in early modern England and, in particular, the role of the queen consort will be evaluated in depth. My research will contribute to these two growing fields and fill a gap by re-examining Anna, who historians once considered frivolous and vain. Accompanied by re-definitions of high politics at one end of the spectrum and court masques at the other, a re-assessment of her character throughout her reign as queen consort of Scotland and England is accordingly needed. The value of analysing Anna in a political light will be demonstrated in this essay through an examination of the historiography surrounding influential women in early modern England, queen consorts in general and then Anna herself. Previous study has excluded women from high politics because it was considered part of the public sphere, rather than the private sphere that they belonged to. In her article ‘Women and Politics in Early Tudor England’, Harris challenges the traditional view of high politics by emphasising its redefinition to include the influence of women.1 Sara Mendelson and Patricia Crawford’s book, Women in Early Modern England, echoes this view. Although women exercised some influence in high politics, this is not 1 B. Harris., ‘Women and Politics in Early Tudor England’, The Historical Journal, 33:2 (1990), pp.259-281, p.259.
[Show full text]
Monarchs During Feudal Times
Monarchs During Feudal Times At the very top of feudal society were the monarchs, or kings and queens. As you have learned, medieval monarchs were also feudal lords. They were expected to keep order and to provide protection for their vassals. Most medieval monarchs believed in the divine right of kings, the idea that God had given them the right to rule. In reality, the power of monarchs varied greatly. Some had to work hard to maintain control of their kingdoms. Few had enough wealth to keep their own armies. They had to rely on their vassals, especially nobles, to provide enough knights and soldiers. In some places, especially during the Early Middle Ages, great lords grew very powerful and governed their fiefs as independent states. In these cases, the monarch was little more than a figurehead, a symbolic ruler who had little real power. In England, monarchs became quite strong during the Middle Ages. Since the Roman period, a number of groups from the continent, including Vikings, had invaded and settled England. By the mid11th century, it was ruled by a Germanic tribe called the Saxons. The king at that time was descended from both Saxon and Norman (French) families. When he died without an adult heir, there was confusion over who should become king. William, the powerful Duke of Normandy (a part of presentday France), believed he had the right to the English throne. However, the English crowned his cousin, Harold. In 1066, William and his army invaded England. William defeated Harold at the Battle of Hastings and established a line of Norman kings in England.
[Show full text]
Constitutional Monarchy
Unit Portfolio: Interpreting Visual Images 1. What can you tell about this man based only on what you see in this picture? Make up a brief biography based on your perception of this photo. Use complete sentences Unit 2: Age of Reason Lesson 1: Unlimited vs. Limited Government Textbook Correlation: Chapter 4: Lesson 2 Today’s Standard 7-2.1 Analyze the characteristics of limited government and unlimited government that evolved in Europe in the 1600s and 1700s. Essential Questions • What is the difference between limited and unlimited government? • Which European nations developed these government systems ? • Key Vocabulary Legislative Executive Judicial Unlimited Government Absolutism Monarchy Divine Right Authoritarianism Limited Government Magna Carta Constitution Unwritten Constitution Constitutional Monarchy Democracy Separation of Powers Powers of the Government • Legislative Power: make laws • Executive Power: enforce laws • Judicial Power: interpret laws Unlimited Government • Any system where there are NO limits on what the government can do • Leaders have total power • Citizens have no power • Leaders don’t have to follow the same laws as the citizens • Dictatorships • Oligarchies • Absolute Monarchies Absolute Monarchies • Absolutism: all three government powers held by one person or ruling body • Monarchy: government authority passed through the family line (king, queen, czar, sultan, pharaoh, etc.) • Absolute Monarchy: • All government powers held by monarch • Unlimited government • Power passed down parent to child Divine Right
[Show full text]
Opinion on the Balance of Powers in the Constitution
Strasbourg, 18 June 2013 CDL-AD(2013)018 Opinion No. 695 / 2012 Engl./Fr. EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) OPINION ON THE BALANCE OF POWERS IN THE CONSTITUTION AND THE LEGISLATION OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF MONACO Adopted by the Venice Commission at its 95th Plenary Session (Venice, 14-15 June 2013) on the basis of comments by Mr Jean-Claude SCHOLSEM (Substitute Member, Belgium) Mr Jorgen Steen SORENSEN (Member, Denmark) Mr Laszlo TROCSANYI (Substitute Member, Hungary) Mr Ben VERMEULEN (Member, Netherlands) This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-AD(2013)018 - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3 II. Scope of the opinion ............................................................................................................ 3 III. European standards on democracy and the rule of law ................................................... 4 A. International principles on democracy .............................................................................. 4 Separation and balance of powers ...................................................................................... 5 Legislative power and autonomy ......................................................................................... 6 Accountability .....................................................................................................................
[Show full text]
Ana Turri Gimilli
UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA « LA SAPIENZA » DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE STORICHE ARCHEOLOGICHE E ANTROPOLOGICHE DELL’ANTICHITÀ SEZIONE VICINO ORIENTE QUADERNO V ana turri gimilli studi dedicati al Padre Werner R. Mayer, S.J. da amici e allievi R O M A 2 0 1 0 VICINO ORIENTE – QUADERNO V ana turri gimilli studi dedicati al Padre Werner R. Mayer, S.J. da amici e allievi a cura di M.G. Biga – M. Liverani ROMA 2010 VICINO ORIENTE Annuario del Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche Archeologiche e Antropologiche dell’Antichità - Sezione Vicino Oriente I-00185 Roma - Via Palestro, 63 Comitato Scientifico : M.G. Amadasi, A. Archi, M. Liverani, P. Matthiae, L. Nigro, F. Pinnock, L. Sist Redazione : L. Romano, G. Ferrero Copertina : Disegno di L. Romano da Or 75 (2006), Tab. XII La foto di Padre Mayer è di Padre F. Brenk UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA «L A SAPIENZA » SOMMARIO Presentazione 3 M.G. Amadasi Guzzo - Encore hypothèses à Karatepe 7 L. Barbato - Esarhaddon, Na’id-Marduk e gli šībūtu del Paese del Mare 23 M.G. Biga - War and Peace in the Kingdom of Ebla (24 th Century B.C.) in the First Years of Vizier Ibbi-zikir under the Reign of the Last King Išar-damu 39 F. D’Agostino - Due nuovi testi dal British Museum datati all’epoca più antica di Ur III 59 P. Dardano - La veste della sera: echi di fraseologia indoeuropea in un rituale ittito-luvio 75 G.F. Del Monte - Su alcune tecniche contabili delle amministrazioni di Nippur medio-babilonese 85 F. Di Filippo - Two Tablets from the Vicinity of Emar 105 F.M.
[Show full text]
Australia's System of Government
61 Australia’s system of government Australia is a federation, a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy. This means that Australia: Has a Queen, who resides in the United Kingdom and is represented in Australia by a Governor-General. Is governed by a ministry headed by the Prime Minister. Has a two-chamber Commonwealth Parliament to make laws. A government, led by the Prime Minister, which must have a majority of seats in the House of Representatives. Has eight State and Territory Parliaments. This model of government is often referred to as the Westminster System, because it derives from the United Kingdom parliament at Westminster. A Federation of States Australia is a federation of six states, each of which was until 1901 a separate British colony. The states – New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia and Tasmania - each have their own governments, which in most respects are very similar to those of the federal government. Each state has a Governor, with a Premier as head of government. Each state also has a two-chambered Parliament, except Queensland which has had only one chamber since 1921. There are also two self-governing territories: the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. The federal government has no power to override the decisions of state governments except in accordance with the federal Constitution, but it can and does exercise that power over territories. A Constitutional Monarchy Australia is an independent nation, but it shares a monarchy with the United Kingdom and many other countries, including Canada and New Zealand. The Queen is the head of the Commonwealth of Australia, but with her powers delegated to the Governor-General by the Constitution.
[Show full text]
Forms of Traditional States and Their Historical
Abstract: The article investigates traditional states in the FORMS OF TRADITIONAL STATES AND context of their historical origin. The work substantiates that in the traditional legal order, land ownership THEIR HISTORICAL SPECIFICITY generates political power distributed among several carriers, representing the community, and the other, the State itself. To describe the state’s traditional form, the FORMAS DOS ESTADOS TRADICIONAIS E authors propose to use the concept of “diarchy”, which differs significantly from both the monarchical and the SUA ESPECIFICIDADES HISTÓRICAS republican forms of the state. The authors show that the latter has not been adequately covered in the history of political and legal doctrines. However, it serves as the basis to develop monarchical and republican forms of government. In this respect, it is substantiated that in the era of traditional states, diarchy was a typical form of state organization, the essence of which was the division of power prerogatives between the supreme ruler, who Valentin Ya. Liubashits 1 concentrated priestly functions, and the “vice-king”, Nikolai V. Razuvaev 2 exercising the full military and administrative power. Alexey Yu. Mamychev 3 Keywords: power; diarchy; monarchy; republic; a form Volodymyr A. Trofymenko 4 of state. Vadim O. Danilyan 5 Resumo: O artigo investiga os estados tradicionais no contexto de sua origem histórica. O trabalho comprova que, no ordenamento jurídico tradicional, a propriedade da terra gera poder político distribuído entre diversos portadores, representando a comunidade, e outro, o próprio Estado. Para descrever a forma tradicional do estado, os autores propõem-se a utilizar o conceito de “diarquia”, que difere significativamente tanto da forma monárquica quanto da republicana de estado.
[Show full text]
The Swedish Monarchy
Facts about Sweden: Monarchy sweden.se The Swedish monarchy Sweden’s head of state is King Carl XVI Gustaf. In 1980, Sweden became the first monarchy to change its succession rites so that the first- born child of the monarch is heir to the throne, regardless of gender. Heir apparent to the Swedish throne is Crown Princess Victoria. Sweden is one of the world’s most stable and Carl XVI Gustaf egalitarian democracies, with a monarchy King Carl XVI Gustaf is the seventh monarch that has strong roots. of the House of Bernadotte. He was born As head of state, the King is Sweden’s fore- on 30 April 1946 as the fifth child and only Clockwise from left: Crown most unifying symbol. According to the 1974 son of Hereditary Prince Gustaf Adolf and Princess Victoria, heir apparent; constitution, the monarch has no political Princess Sibylla. Hereditary Prince Gustaf King Carl XVI Gustaf, head of state; Princess Estelle, second power or affinity. The King’s duties are of Adolf died in an airplane crash in Denmark in line to the Swedish throne. a ceremonial and representative nature. the following year. Photo: Sandra Birgersdotter Sandra Ek/Royal Sweden CourtPhoto: of Facts about Sweden: Monarchy sweden.se In 1950, Carl Gustaf became Crown Prince since he took part in the UN Conference on of Sweden when his great-grandfather the Human Environment – the first of its kind The Royal Palace Gustaf V died and was succeeded by the – in Stockholm back in 1972. The Royal Palace of Stockholm is the then 68-year-old Gustaf VI Adolf, the Crown He is likewise deeply committed to the King's official residence.
[Show full text]