An English - Cornish Glossary in the (using Traditional Graphs)

by

Albert Bock, Benjamin Bruch, Neil Kennedy, Daniel Prohaska, and Laurence Rule

Version: 14/08/2010

This glossary may be subject to further additions and corrections by the CLP's Dictionary Editorial Board and Corpus Working Group.

The editors would like to thank Philip Chadwick, Michael Everson, Pol Hodge, Julyan Holmes, Rod Lyon, and Polin Prys for their invaluable contribution.

1 List of abbreviations

abbr, abbreviation adj, adjective adv, adverb adv phr, adverbial phrase art, article card, cardinal coll, collective (singulatives are not specifically marked) cmp, comparative adjective conj, conjunction dl, dual f, feminine int, interjection m, masculine m & f, gender uncertain or both used n, noun n phr, noun phrase name, personal name neut, the neuter noun tra (treated as a special case of fem. in grammars) num, number ord, ordinal phr, phrase pl, plural prf, prefix prn, pronoun (including possessive adjectives) prp, preposition prp prn, prepositional pronoun RLC, Revived Late Cornish RMC, Revived Middle Cornish sup, superlative adjective top, toponym vb, verb vb phr, verbal phrase

Scope of this glossary This document is not meant to be a replacement for a full English-Cornish dictionary. Even though it has been considerably enlarged so as to accommodate the needs of teachers and advanced learners, it was originally only aimed at beginners. It is therefore limited in scope. A full SWF dictionary – which is to include references to spellings in other orthographies - is currently being produced by MAGA. Until this project is finished, you will want to make use of existing dictionaries (see under ‘sources’ below). Alternatively, or if you are unsure about the SWF spelling of a word, please contact MAGA at http://www.magakernow.org.uk.

Searching the glossary electronically In Acrobat Reader and most other PDF readers, words and phrases can be searched by pressing Ctrl+F. If you are looking for the English translation of a specific Cornish word, this feature enables you to use the glossary in reverse. Bear in mind, however, that irregular stress is marked by a dot, so that e.g. the Cornish word for ‘too’ is spelt ynwe‧dh, which is the form you will want to search for. Alternatively, the text search also works for parts of words, so that pressing Ctrl+F and entering ynwe will do the job without forcing you to enter a dot.

2 Notes on pronunciation and orthographic variants

The first public version of the glossary contained detailed explanations on pronunciation and orthographic variants. It was felt, however, that this front matter might be off-putting to beginners. It has therefore been replaced with the current, more practically orientated notes. The original front matter is still available as a separate download from the MAGA website for all those who are interested in more detailed explanations of linguistic and orthographic technicalities. In the near future, these will be complemented by a list of sample words and MP3 files demonstrating their pronunciation. All supplementary files are available at http://www.magakernow.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=48865.

Sources

Gendall, Richard. A Practical Cornish Dictionary. 2007. George, Ken. Gerlyver . An Gerlyver Meur. Board, 2009. ————. Gerlyvrik. Cornish Language Board/Yoran Embanner, 2005. Kennedy, Neil P. Gerlever Sowsnak-Kernûak. Cussel an Tavaz Kernûak, 2006. Nance, R. Morton. Gerlyver Noweth Kernewek-Sawsnek ha Sawsnek-Kernewek. Dyllansow Truran, reprinted 1990. Sandercock, Graham. Cornish This Way: Holywegh an Lergh. Cornish Language Board, 3rd ed. 2004. Williams, Nicholas. Clappya Kernowek: Introduction to Revised. 1997. ------Gerlyver Kernowek-Sawsnek, 2nd ed. Agan Tavas/Evertype, 2006.

3 A, a afflicted, adj, (tortured) tormentys; (plagued) plegys. again, adv, arta; please repeat it, phr, arta mar pleg. ability, n, gallos (m). against, prp, (spatial) orth; the chair is against the able, adj, abel; to be able, vb phr, gallos. wall, phr, yma’n gador orth an fos; (opposition) abbreviate, vb, berrhe‧. erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); warby‧nn; warby‧dn (RLC); abbreviation, n, berrheans (m), berrheansow (pl). against the law, phr, erby‧nn an laha; warby‧dn an abode, n, trigva (f), trigvaow (pl). laha (RLC). about, I adv, a-dro; II prp, a-dro dhe2. age, n, oos (m), osow (pl); ooj (m, RLC), ojow (pl, RLC). above, prp, a-ugh. ago, ptl, nans yw; nanj ew (RLC); five years ago, phr, abuse, vb, abusya. nans yw pymp bledhen. abroad, I adj, (overseas) tramor; II adv, (apart) a-les. agree, vb, acordya; unverhe‧; agree with, vb phr, bos abundant, adj, pals. unver gans. acceptable, adj, kemeradow. agreed, adj, acordys; (unanimous) unver. access, n, hedhas (m), hedhasow (pl). agriculture, n, ammeth (f); abmeth (f, RLC). according to, prp, herwydh; war-lergh; according to air, n, ayr (m). the forecast, phr, herwydh an dhargan. air hostess, n, ostes ayr (f), ostesow ayr (pl). account, n, acont (m), acontow (pl). airport, n, ayrborth (m), ayrborthow (pl). accountant, n, acontydh (m), acontydhyon (pl). air steward, n, ost ayr (m), ostys ayr (pl). acrobat, n, lappyer (m), lappyoryon (pl). alarm clock, n, difunel (m), difunellow (pl). across, adv & prp, a-dreus. alas, int, tru, sowe‧th. activity, n, aktivita (m), aktivitys (pl); gwrians (m), alike, adv, kehaval. gwriansow (pl). alive, adj, byw; bew (RLC). actor, n, gwarier (m), gwarioryon (pl). all, I adj, oll; II prn, peub. actress, n, gwariores (f), gwarioresow (pl). alleyway, n, scochfordh (f), scochfordhow (pl). add, vb, keworra. allow, vb, gasa; gara (RLC). adder, n, nader (f), nadres (pl). almighty, adj, ollgalosek. address, n, trigva (f), trigvaow (pl). almost, adv, (before an adjective) ogas; (before a noun) adjective, n, hanow gwann (m), henwyn gwann (pl); ogas ha; (before a verb) namna(g); (used hanow gwadn (m, RLC), henwyn gwadn (pl, RLC). independently) ogasty; ogatty; he almost won, phr, administer, vb, menystra. ev re waynyas ogatty. administration, n, menystrans (m). along, adv, a-hys; a-hes (RLC). administrator, n, menystrer (m), menystroryon (pl); aloft, I prp, a-ugh; II adv, a-vann; a-vadn (RLC). menystrores (f), menystroresow (pl). alphabet, n, lytherennek (f), lytherednek (f, RLC), admit, vb, (confess) avowa; meneges; (let in) amyttya; lytherenegy (pl). degemeres a-berth. already, adv, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC). advantage, n, les (m). all right, phr, da lowr; all yn composter. advantageous, adj, dhe les. also, adv, ynwe‧dh; y’we‧dh (RLC); keffry‧s; keffre‧s (RLC); maga ta. advertisement, n, argemmyn (m), argemynnow (pl); 5 argebmyn (m, RLC), argemydnow (pl, RLC). although, conj, kyn , kynth ( before vowels and H). advice, n, cussul (f), cussulyow (pl). always, adv, pub prys; pub pres (RLC). advise, vb, cussulya. ambassador, n, cannas (f), canasow (pl); cadnas (f, aerial, n, ayrlorgh (f), ayrlorhow (pl). RLC), canajow (pl, RLC). aeroplane, n, jynn ebron (m), jynnow ebron (pl), ambulance, n, carr clavjy (m), kerry clavjy (pl); jynnys ebron (pl); ayrplayn (m, RLC), ayrplayns (pl, a‧mbulans (m, RLC); a‧mbulansys (pl, RLC) RLC). America, n, Ame‧rica (m); (United States of America) afar, adv, a-bell. An Statys Unys (pl). afraid, adj, ownek. American, adj, americanek; American football, n, pel aft, adv, a-dhelergh. droos americanek (f). after, prp, (time only) wosa; woja (RLC); (time and amiable, adj, hegar; amiable towards someone, phr, space) war-lergh. hegar orth nebonan. afternoon, n, dohajy‧dh (m); dohaje‧dh (m, RLC); among, prp, yn mysk; ’mesk (RLC). andro‧w (m); afternoon-time, n, androweyth (m); amuse, vb, didhana. good afternoon!, phr, dohajy‧dh da!; dohaje‧dh da! amusing, adj, didhan; didhanus. (RLC). anchor, n, ancor, (m), ancoryow (pl). afterwards, adv, a-wosa, a’y wosa; a’y woja (RLC); dres anchorage, n, poll (m), pollow (pl); fleet anchorage, n, keyn. lulyn (f). affirm, vb, afia. anchovy, n, ganow camm (m), ganowow camm (pl);

4 ganow cabm (m, RLC), ganowow cabm (pl, RLC). (dl); (weapon) arv (f), arvow (pl); to take up arms, and, conj, ha (before consonants), hag (before vowels). vb, arva. angel, n, el (m), eledh (pl). armchair, n, cador vregh (f), cadoryow bregh (pl). angry, adj, serrys; get angry, vb, serry; kemeres sorr; arrogant, adj, balgh; prout; orgelous; gothus. get angry with someone, vb phr, serry orth around, I adv, (in the immediate vicinity) yn kerhyn; nebonan. (traverse) a-dro; all around, adv, a-derdro‧; II prp, a- ancle, n, ufern (m), ufernyow (pl), dewufern (dl). dro dhe2. animal, n, enyval (m), enyvales (pl); best (m), bestys arrow, n, seth (f), sethow (pl). (pl); mil (m), miles (pl). art, n, art (m), artys (pl). announce, vb, declarya. article, n, (text) scrif (m), scrifow (pl); scrifen (f), Annunciation, n, Dy’gol Maria mis Meurth; De’gol scrifennow (pl), scrifednow (pl, RLC); erthygel (m), Maria mis Meurth (RLC). erthyglow (pl); (grammatical) ger mell (m), geryow anoint, vb, olewy. mell (pl). anorak, n, a‧norak (m), anoracow (pl). artist, n, artydh (m), artydhyon (pl); (painter) lymner another, adj, ken (precedes noun); another one, phr, (m), lymnoryon (pl). onan aral; ken onan. as, adv, ave‧l; ’vel; conj, del2; I did it as a joke, phr, my answer, I n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl); II vb, a’n gwrug ave‧l ges; as it seems, phr, del hevel; as I gortheby; answer back, vb phr, gortheby oll dres believe, phr, del grysav; as I said to him, phr, del keyn; answering machine, n, jynn gortheby (m), leveris dhodho. jynnow gortheby (pl), jynnys gortheby (pl). as...as, mar2…ave‧l (with nouns): mar2...del2 (with ant, n, moryonen (f), moryon (coll). verbs); as many as, I prn, myns (also as much as, all any, adj, vyth (in negative expressions), veth (RLC); who, whoever); mens (RLC); II adv, kemmys; kebmys I did not see any light, phr, ny welis golow vyth. (RLC); kekemmys; kekebmys (RLC); as soon as, adv, any more, adj, namo‧y. kettel2; as quickly as, adv, kettoo‧th ha; as white as anyone, prn, nebonan. snow, phr, mar wynn avel an ergh; as simple as it anything, prn, (in negative phrases) tra vyth; tra veth seemed, phr, mar sempel del hevelis. (RLC); (in positive phrases) neppy‧th; neppe‧th as usual, adv phr, herwydh usadow; del yw usys. (RLC). ascend, vb, yskynna; ’skydna (RLC). anxiety, n, awhe‧r (m); preder (m), prederow (pl). ask, vb, govyn; to ask a question of someone, vb phr, apart, adv, a-les. govyn orth nebonan; govena (RLC); ask someone to apartment, n, rannjy (m), rannjiow (pl). do something, vb phr, pysy nebonan a wul neppy‧th; ape, n, apa (m), apys (pl). pejy nebonan a wul neppe‧th (RLC). apparent, adj, (obvious) ape‧rt; heveladow. assist, vb, scoodhya. apparently, adv, del hevel. association, n, cowethas (m or f), cowethasow (pl). appear, vb, omdhisqwedhes. assure, vb, afydhya; surhe‧. appearance, n, semlant (m), semlans (pl). astray, I adv, yn sowdhan; II vb, (go astray) mos yn appendix, n, ystynnans (m), ystynansow (pl). sowdhan; sowdhanas. apple, n, aval (m), avalow (pl); wild apple, n, aval astronaut, n, stervarner (m), stervarnoryon (pl); goodh (m), avalow goodh (pl). stervarnores (f), stervarnoresow (pl). approach, vb, nesa. at, prp, (spatial) orth; (with placenames) yn; dhe2; appropriate, adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC). (temporal), prp, dhe2; at two in the afternoon, phr, apricot, n, brykedhen (f), brykedh (coll). dhe dhiw eur androweyth. April, n, Ebrel (m); mis Ebrel (m). at all, adv, vytho‧ll; banna; badna (RLC); mann (usually apron, n, apron (m), apronnyow (pl), aprodnyow (pl, in negative statements); madn (RLC); it does not RLC). concern me at all, phr, ny’m deur mann. archangel, n, arghel (m), argheledh (pl). at home, adv, tre; yn tre. archer, n, gwareger (m), gwaregoryon (pl); sether (m), at last, adv, wor’tiwedh, wos’tiwedh. sethoryon (pl). at that time, adv, y’n tor’ na. archery, n, gwaregieth (f). at this time, adv, y’n tor’ ma. archipelago, n, enesek (f), enesegy (pl). attach, vb, staga. ardent, adj, gwresek. attachment (to a document or e-mail), n, stagel (f), argue, vb, dadhla; argya; kewsel a-dreus; don't argue!, stagellow (pl). phr, na gows a-dreus! attack, vb, omsettya. argument, n, a‧rgument (m), argumentys (pl); dadhel attempt, I n, assay (m), assays (pl); II vb, assaya; ’saya (f), dadhlow (pl). (RLC). arid, adj, sygh; segh (RLC). attic, n, soler (m), soleryow (pl). arm, n, (body part) bregh (f), brehow (pl); diwvregh attitude, n, omdhalgh (m), omdhalhow (pl).

5 audio-visual, adj, clewwelyek. barrel, n, balyer (m), balyeryow (pl). August (month), n, Est (m), mis Est (m). baseball, n, pel vas (f). aunt, n, modrep (f), modrebedh (pl). bashful, adj, methus. author, n, awtour (m), awtours (pl). basin, n, bason (m), basonys (pl). autumn, n, kynnyav (m), kynyavow (pl); kydnyadh (m, basket, n, canstel (f), canstellow (pl); basket (m), RLC); kynyadhow (pl, RLC). baskettys (pl). avoid, vb, avoydya; goheles. basketball, n, pelganstel (f). await, vb, gwaytyas. bat, n, (animal) askel grohen (f), eskelly crohen (pl), awake, adj, difun; wide awake, phr, pur dhifun. ’skelly crohen (pl, RLC); (sporting) bat (m), battow awaken, vb, difuna. (pl). away, adv, yn kerdh; dhe-ves; ker’ (RLC); go away! (sg), bath, n, kibel (f), kibellow (pl); badh (m). phr, ke dhe-ves! bathe, vb, golhy; badha. axe, n, bool (f), bolyow (pl). bathroom, n, stevel omwolhy (f), stevellow omwolhy (pl). B, b battery, n, batry (m), batriow (pl). battle, n, cas (f), casow (pl). baby, n, baby (m), babiow (pl); flogh byhan (m), flehes be, vb, bos. vyhan (pl); (baby doll) baban (m), babanes (pl). bead, n, pader (m), paderow (pl). back, I adv, arta; tre; II n, keyn (m), keynow (pl); III vb, beach, n, treth (m), trethow (pl). scoodhya; back off!, phr, war dha gamm!; war dha beak, n, gelvin (m), gelvines (pl). gabm! (RLC) bean, n, faven (f), fav (coll). backpack, n, sagh keyn (m), seghyer keyn (pl). bear, I n, (animal) ors (m), orses (pl); II vb, (endure) bacqwards, adv, war-dhelergh. perthy. bacon, n, backen (m). beard, n, barv (m), barvow (pl). bad, adj, drog; a bad deal, n phr, hagervargen (m). beast, n, best (m), bestes (pl). badge, n, arwodhik (m), arwodhigow (pl). beat, vb, (strike) dorna; frappya; gweskel; cronkya; badger, n, brogh (m), brohes (pl). (with a club) fusta; (defeat) fetha. badminton, n, badminton (m). beautiful, adj, teg. bag, n, sagh (m), seghyer (pl), syher (pl, RLC). beautify, vb, tekhe‧; afina. bait, n, treustrum (m). beaver, n, lostledan (m), lostledanes (pl). baker, n, peber (m), peboryon (pl); baker’s shop, n, because, conj, awo‧s; ’wos; drefen; rag. popty (m), poptiow (pl); to bake, vb, pobas. bed, n, gwely (m), gweliow (pl). bald, adj, mool. bedroom, n, chambour (m), chambouryow (pl). bale, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl); to bale (e.g. hay), bedsheet, n, lien gwely (m), lienyow gwely (pl). vb, pusornas. bee, n, gwenenen (f), gwenen (coll). ball, n, pel (f), pelyow (pl). beef, n, kig bewin (m); kig bowin (m, RLC). ballpoint pen, n, pluven belvleyn (f), pluvennow beggar, n, beggyer (m), beggyers (pl). pelvleyn (pl), pluvednow pelvleyn (pl, RLC). beehive, n, cowel gwenen (m), cowellow gwenen (pl). balloon, n, pel ayr (f), pelyow ayr (pl). beer, n, corev (m), cor’ (m, RLC), corevow (pl). banana, n, banana (m), bananas (pl). beetle, n, whil (m), whiles (pl). band, n, band (m), bandow (pl); group, n, bagas (m), before, prp, a-dherag, dherag; (in time) kyns; kens bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). (RLC); before now, phr, kyns es lemmyn, kens es bandage, n, lysten (f), lystennow (pl), lystednow (pl, lebmyn (RLC); before that, phr, kyns ena; kens ena RLC). (RLC). bang, n, (explosion) tardh (m), tardhow (pl); (knock) beforehand, prp, a-dherag. bonk (m), bonkys (pl). begin, vb, . bank, n, (money) arhanty (m), arhantiow (pl); (river beginning, n, dalleth (m), dalethow (pl). bank) n, glann (f), glannow (pl); gladn (f, RLC), behave, vb, fara; to behave oneself, vb, omdho‧n. gladnow (pl, RLC); (topography) n, banken (f), behind, adv & prp, a-dryv; a-drev (RLC); a-dhelergh. bankennow (pl), bankednow (pl, RLC). beholden, adj, synsys. bard, n, bardh (m), berdh (pl); bardhes (f), bardhesow believe, vb, crysy; crejy (RLC). (pl). bell, n, clogh (m), clegh (pl). bargain, I n, bargen (m), bargennyow (pl), bargednyow bellow, vb, bedhygla. (pl, RLC); bargenys (pl); II vb, bargynnya; bargydnya belong, vb, longya. (RLC). below, adv, a-woles. barge, n, scath hir (f), scathow hir (pl). belt, n, grugys (m), grugysyow (pl). barn, n, skiber (f), skiberyow (pl). bench, n, form (m), formow (pl).

6 bend, vb, plegya. (m). bent, adj, camm; cabm (RLC). bog, n, keunegen, (f), keunegennow (pl), keunegednow beside, prp, ryb; reb (RLC). (pl, RLC), keunegi (coll). best, sup, (an) gwella. boil, vb, bryjyon; boiled, adj, bryjys; boiled egg, n, oy bet, I n, kenwostel (m), kenwostlow (pl); II vb, bryjys (m), oyow bryjys (pl). kenwostla. bolt, n, (fastening) ebil (m), ebilyow (pl); iron bolt, n, betray, vb, trayta. ebil horn (m), ebilyow horn (pl). better, cmp, gwella. bone, n, ascorn (m), eskern (pl). between, prp, yntra (before consonants), ynter (before bonfire, n, tanses (m), tanjes (m, RLC), tansesyow (pl); vowels); tredh (RLC). tanjesow (pl, RLC). beyond, prp, dres. bonnet, n, cogh (m), cohow (pl). Bible, n, Bibel (m). book, n, lyver (m), lyvrow; lever (m, RLC), levrow (pl, bicycle, n, diwros (f), diwrosow (pl). RLC); bookcase, n, argh lyvrow (f), arhow lyvrow big, adj, bras; broas (RLC); big dipper (fairground), n, (pl); argh levrow (pl, RLC), arhow levrow (pl, RLC). sedher meur (m), sedhoryon meur (pl); big wheel booklet, n, lyvrik (m), lyvrigow (pl); levren (f, RLC), (fairground), n, ros veur (f), rosow meur (pl). levrennow (pl, RLC). bigot, n, den ragvreusek (m), tus ragvreusek (pl). bookshop, n, lyverjy (m), lyverjiow (pl); shoppa levrow bill, n, reken (m), reknow (pl). (m, RLC), shoppys levrow (pl, RLC). bird, n, edhen (f), ydhyn (pl); edhnow (pl, RLC). boot, n, (car) trog (m), trogow (pl); (footwear) botasen birthday, n, penn bloodh (m), pennow bloodh (pl); (f), botas (coll). pedn bloodh (m, RLC), pednow bloodh (pl, RLC); border, n, amal (m), emlow (pl). birthday cake, n, tesen benn bloodh (f), tesennow bore (a hole), vb phr, telly. penn bloodh (pl); tesen bedn bloodh (f), tesednow bored, adj, sqwithys. pedn bloodh (pl, RLC); birthday card, n, carten benn boring (wearying), adj, sqwithus. bloodh (f), cartennow penn bloodh (pl); carten bedn born, adj, genys. bloodh (f, RLC), cartednow pedn bloodh (pl, RLC). bother, vb, ancombra, trobla. biscuit, n, tesen gales (f), tesennow cales (pl), bottle, n, botel (m), botellow (pl). tesednow cales (pl, RLC). bottom, n, (not top) goles (m), golesow (pl); (body) bison, n, bual (m), bualyon (pl). pedren (f), pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, RLC), bit, n, (morsel) tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), diwbedren (dl). tebmyn (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl); (computer) bow, I n, (arc) gwarek (m), gwaregow (pl); (gesture) byt (m), byttys (pl); bit by bit, phr, tamm ha tamm; omblegyans (m), omblegyansow (pl); (ship) penn a- tabm ha tabm (RLC). rag (m), pennow a-rag (pl); pedn a-rag (m, RLC), bitch, n, gast (f), gesty (pl); son-of-a-bitch, n, horsen pednow a-rag (pl, RLC); II vb, omblegya. (m), horsens (pl). bowl, n, bolla (m), bollow (pl), bollys (pl); scudel (f), bite, I n, brath (m), brathow (pl); II vb, bratha. scudellow (pl). black, adj, du. box, n, kist (f), kistyow (pl); box (m), boxys (pl); small blackberry, n, moren dhu (f), mor du (coll). box, n, kisten (f), kistennow (pl), kistednow (pl, blackthorn, n, spernen dhu (f), spern du (coll). RLC). blame, vb, blamya; cabla. Boxing Day, n, Dy’gol Stefan (m); De’gol Stefan (m, blessed, adj, benygys; gwynn; gwydn (RLC); gwynnvys. RLC). blind, I adj, dall; blind man’s buff, phr, margh dall; II vb, boy, n, maw (m), mebyon (pl). dalla; III (blackout blind), n, lenn dhu (f), lennow du bracelet, n, brehellik (m), breheligow (pl). (pl); ledn dhu (f, RLC), lednow du (pl, RLC). bracket, n, corbel (m), corblys (pl). bliss, n, lowena (f). bramble, n, dreysen (f), dreys (coll). blood, n, goos (m); hardened blood, n, mol (m), branch, n, scorren (f), scorr (coll); scorr (m), scorrow molyow (pl). (pl). blood-red, adj, cogh. brass, n, brest (m). blouse, n, hevis (m), hevisyow (pl). bread, n, bara (m). blow, I (hit), n, bomm (m), bommyn (pl); crushing break, I vb, terry. blow, n, scat (m); II (air) vb, whytha. breakdown, n, mooth (m), mothow (pl); torrva (f), blue, adj, glas; blou. torrvaow (pl); breakdown lorry, n, kert torrva (m), blunt, adj, sogh. kertow torrva (pl). board, n (wooden b.), n, bord (m), bordow (pl); breakfast, n, hansel (m), hanselyow (pl). (committee), n, kesva (f), kesvaow (pl). breakneck, adj phr, crackya conna; crackya codna boat, n, scath (f), scathow (pl). (RLC). body, n, corf (m), corfow (pl); front of body, n, greuv breast (of body), n, bronn (f), bronnow (pl), diwvron

7 (dl); brodn (f, RLC), brodnow (pl, RLC), devron (dl, burden, I n, begh (m), behow (pl); carg (m), cargow RLC). (pl); sawgh (m), sawghow (pl); II vb, beghya. breath, n, anal (f). bureau, n, burow (m), burowyow (pl). breeze, n, awel glor (f). burly, n, keherek. Breton, I adj, bretonek; II n, (person) Breton (m), burn, vb, lesky. Bretonyon (pl); Bretones (f), Bretonesow (pl); burrow, n, toll (m), tell (pl); rabbit burrow, n, toll (language) Bretonek (m). conin (m), tell conin (pl). brew, vb, braga. bus, n, kyttri‧n (m), kyttrinyow (pl); bus driver, n, brewed, adj, bregys. lewyer kyttri‧n (m), lewyoryon gyttri‧n (pl); bus briar, n, spedhasen (f), spedhas (coll). station, n, gorsav kyttri‧n (m), gorsavow kyttri‧n brick, n, bryck (m), bryckow (pl), bryckys (pl). (pl); bus stop, n, kyttrinva (f), kyttrinvaow (pl); bride, n, benyn bries (f), benenes pries (pl). savla kyttri‧n (m), savleow kyttri‧n (pl). bridegroom, n, gour pries (m), gwer bries (pl). bush, n, prysken (f), prysk (coll). bridesmaid, n, moren bries (f), morenyon pries (pl). business, n, negys (m), negysyow (pl). bridge, n, pons (m), ponsyow (pl). busy, adj, bysy. bright, adj, splann; spladn (RLC). but, conj, mes; saw; lemen. brine, n, brin (m), brinyow (pl). butcher, n, kiger (m), kigoryon (pl); butcher’s shop, n, bring, vb, dri; drei (RLC). kigty (m), kigtiow (pl). Britain, n, Breten (f). butter, n, amanyn (m); ’manyn (m, RLC). Brittany, n, Breten Vyhan (f); Breten Vian (f, RLC). butterfly, n, tykky Duw (m), tykkiow Duw (pl), tykky broad, adj, efan; ledan. Duwes (pl). broccoli, n, broclo (m), broclos (pl); cowlvleujen (f), buttock, n, pedren (f), pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, cowlvleujennow (pl), cowlvleujednow (pl, RLC). RLC), diwbedren (dl). broken, adj, terrys button, n, boton (m), botonyow (pl), botons (pl, RLC); bronze, n, brons (m). button hole, n, toll boton (m), tell boton (pl). broom, n, scubel (f), scubellow (pl); (small brush or buy, vb, prena. mop), n, scubyllen (f), scubylennow (pl), buzz, vb, sia; buzz off!, phr, ke war dha gamm!; ke war scubylednow (pl, RLC); (plant) banadhlen (f), dha gabm! (RLC) banadhel (coll). by, prp, (done by) gans; gen (RLC); (until), prp, bys; brook, n, gover (m), goverow (pl). erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); by Christmas, phr, erby‧nn brother, n, broder (m), breder (pl). Nadelik brotherhood, n, brederedh (m). byte, n, bayt (m), baytys (pl). brow (forehead), n, tal (m), talyow (pl); toal (m, RLC), toalyow (pl, RLC). brown, adj, (light brown) gell; (dark brown) gorm. C, c browse (the internet), vb, peury; pory (RLC). browser (internet), n, peurel (f), peurellow (pl); porel cabbage, n, cowlen (f), cowl (coll); cavach (m), cavajys (f, RLC), porellow (pl, RLC). (pl). brush, n, scubel (f), scubellow (pl); (of an artist) pyncel café, n, coffijy (m), coffijiow (pl). (m), pyncels (pl). cage, n, cowel (m), cowellow (pl). bucket, n, kelorn (m), kelern (pl). cairn, n, carnedh (m), carnedhow (pl). buckle, I n, bockyl (m), bocklow (pl), bocklys (pl); II vb, cake, n, tesen (f), tesennow (pl), tesednow (pl, RLC). bockla. calendar, n, lyver dedhyow (m), lyvrow dedhyow (pl); budgerigar, n, budjy (m), budjies (pl). lever dedhyow (m, RLC), levrow dedhyow (pl, RLC). buffer (train), n, bommel (f), bomellow (pl). calf, n, (young animal), n, leugh (m), leuhy (pl) {RLC build, vb, drehevel; derevel (RLC). pronunciation: [lɛwh]}; (of leg) berr (f), berrow (pl); building, n, drehevyans (m), drehevyansow (pl). garren (f), garennow (pl), garednow (pl, RLC). bulb (light), n, bollen (f), bolennow (pl), bolednow (pl, call, vb, gelwel. RLC). calm, adj, cosel. bull, n, tarow (m), terewy (pl). camel, n, cowrvargh (m), cowrvergh (pl). bullock, n, lodhen (m), lodhnow (pl); lodn (m, RLC), camera, n, ca‧mera (m), ca‧meras (pl); jynn skeusen lodnow (pl, RLC). (m), jynnow skeusen (pl). bun, n, torthel (f), torthellow (pl). camp, I n, camp (m), campow (pl); II vb, campya. bunch, n, bagas (m), bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). can, I n, (container) canna (m), cannow (pl), cannys bundle, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl); gronn (m); (pl); II (be able to) vb, gallos. grodn (m, RLC). canal, n, dowrgleudh (m), dowrgleudhyow (pl). buoy, n, morverk (m), morvercow (pl), morverkys (pl). canary, n, canary (m), canaries (pl).

8 candle, n, cantol (f), cantolyow (pl); candle-stick, n, cell, n, bagh (f), bahow (pl). cantolbren (m), cantolbrennyer (pl), cellar, n, dorgel (f), dorgellow (pl); celder (m), celders cantolbrednyer (pl, RLC). (pl). candy floss, n, comolen sugra (f); blew sugra (coll). Celt, n, Kelt (m), Keltyon (pl). cannon, n, canon (m), canonyow (pl). Celtic, adj, keltek. canoe, n, canou‧ (m), canouyow (pl). centimetre, n, centimeter (m), centimetrow (pl). cap, n, cappa (m), cappow (pl), cappys (pl). central, adj, cres. captain, n, capten (m), captenow (pl), captens (pl). centre, n, (middle) cres (m); (building) cresen (f), car, n, carr (m), kerry (pl); car park, n, park kerry (m), cresennow (pl); cresednow (pl, RLC); (rugby player) parcow kerry (pl); car wash, n, golghva gerry (f), creswas (m), creswesyon (pl). golghvaow kerry (pl); police car, n, carr creslu (m), century, n, cansvledhen (f), cansvledhynnyow (pl), kerry creslu (pl). cansvledhydnyow (pl, RLC). caravan, n, ca‧ravan (m), ca‧ravans (pl). certain, I adj, (certain) certan; diogel; II prn, (a certain card, n, carten (f), cartennow (pl), cartednow (pl, RLC); one) unn; udn (RLC). credit card, n, carten gresys (f), cartennow cresys certainly, adv, devri‧; yn tevri‧; yn certan; sur; surredy; (pl), cartednow cresys (pl, RLC); cash card, n, carten yn surredy. vona (f), cartennow mona (pl), cartednow vona (pl, chair, n, cador (f), cadoryow (pl). RLC). chairlift, n, cador yskyn (f), cadoryow yskyn (pl). cardigan, n, ca‧rdigan (m), cardiganow (pl). chalet, n, crow prenn (m), crowyow prenn (pl); crow cargo, n, carg (m), cargow (pl). predn (m, RLC), crowyow predn (pl, RLC). carnal, adj, carnal. chalk, n, crey (m). carpenter, n, ser prenn (m), sery brenn (pl); ser predn chance, n, chons (m), chonsyow (pl); feus (f); hap (m), (m, RLC), sery bredn (pl, RLC). happys (pl): by chance, phr, dre hap. carpet, n, leurlen (f), leurlennow (pl), leurlednow (pl, chandler, n, gwicor (m), gwicoryon (pl). RLC). changing room, n, gwiskva (f), gwiskvaow (pl). carriage, n, cocha (m), cochys (pl). chaos, n, dera‧y (m), dera‧ys (pl). carrot, n, caretysen (f), caretys (coll). chap (male person), n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl); polat carry, vb, don. (m), polatys (pl). cart, n, kert (m), kertow (pl), kertys (pl). chapel, n, chapel (m), chapelyow (pl). case, n, (box) trog (m), trogow (pl); (circumstance) cas charity, n, (virtue) cherita (m); kerensa (f), kerenja (f, (m); in case, conj, rag own; rag dout; les (RLC). RLC); (body) aluseneth (f), alusenethow (pl). cash, n, mona (coll). chart, n, tresen (f), tresennow (pl), tresednow (pl, cassette tape, n, songist (f), songistyow (pl). RLC). castle, n, castel (m), castylly (pl). chase, vb, chassya. cat, n, cath (f), cathes (pl). chatter, vb, clappya. catch, vb, cachya. cheat, vb, tolla. category, n, class (m), classys (pl). cheek (face), n, bogh (f), bohow (pl), diwvogh (dl). caterpillar, n, pryv del (m), prev del (m, RLC), preves cheese, n, keus (m), keusyow (pl). del (pl). check-out, n, rekenva (f), rekenvaow (pl). cathedral, n, penneglos (f), penneglosyow (pl); eglos chef, n, keginer (m), keginoryon (pl); keginores (f), teg (f, RLC), eglosyow teg (pl, RLC). keginoresow (pl). cattle, coll n, buhes (f pl); (horned cattle) gwarthek cherry, n, keresen (f), keres (coll). (coll). chess, n, gwydhbol (m). cauldron, n, cawdarn (m), cawdarns (pl); chek (m), chest, n, (body) brest (m); (container) argh (f), arhow chekys (pl). (pl); cofer (m), cofrow (pl); (chest of drawers) argh cauliflower, n, cowlvleujen (f), cowlvleujennow (pl), dhillas (f), arhow dillas (pl); (money box) argh vona cowlvleujednow (pl, RLC). (f), arhow mona (pl). cause, I n, acheson (m), achesonyow (pl); skila (f), chestnut, n, kestenen (f), kesten (coll). skilys (pl); to be the cause of, vb phr, skila; II vb, chew, vb, knias; chew the cud, vb phr, dasknias. cawsya; to cause to, vb, gul dhe. chick, n, mabyar (f), mabyer (pl). cautious, adj, war. chicken, n, yar (f), yer (pl); chicken meat, n, kig yar CD, n, plasen arhansek (f), plasennow arhansek (pl), (m), kigyow yar (pl); chicken shed, n, crow yer (m), plasednow arhansek (pl, RLC); cidy (m), cidis (pl); crowyow yer (pl). abbr, CD. child, n, flogh (m), flehes (pl). cease, vb, hedhy; astel; cessya; difygya. chimney, n, chymbla (m), chimblys (pl). ceiling, n, nen (m), nenyow (pl). chin, n, elgeth (f), elgethyow (pl). celery, n, kegisen wheg (f), kegis wheg (coll). chip, n, asclosen (f), asclos (coll); scobm (m, RLC),

9 scobmow (pl, RCL); chip shop, n, asclotty (m), cod, n, barvus (m), barvusy (pl), barvujy (pl, RLC). asclottiow (pl). coffee, n, coffy (m); instant coffee, n, coffy desempis chip, vb, asclosy. (m). chocolate, n, choclet (m). coil, I vb, terhy; II n, torgh (f), tergh (pl). choir, n, keur (m), keuryow (pl). coin, n, bath (m), bathow (pl). compatible, adj, kesplegadow. cold, I n, (temperature) yeynder (m); (illness) anwos choose, vb, dewis. (m); II adj, yeyn; bitterly cold, adj, or; to catch cold, chop, vb, divyn; nadha. vb phr, anwosy; I have a cold, phr, yma anwos chopstick, n, gwelennik (f), gwelednik (f, RLC), dhymm; ma anwos dhybm (RLC). gwelenigow (pl). collect, vb, cuntel. chough, n, palores (f), paloresow (pl). college, n, coljy (m), coljiow (pl). Christmas, n, Nadelik (m); Christmas Day, n, Dydh colour, n, liw (m), liwyow (pl). Nadelik; Christmas tree, gwedhen Nadelik (f), comb, I n, crib (f), cribow (pl); II vb, cribas. gwydh Nadelik (coll), gwedh Nadelik (coll, RLC). come, vb, dos. church, n, eglos (f), eglosyow (pl). comedian, n, gesyer (m), gesyoryon (pl). cider, n, cider (m). comfortable, adj, atte‧s; make yourselves comfortable!, cinema, n, ci‧nema (m), ci‧nemas (pl). phr, omjersyewgh! circle, n, kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl). comic, I adj, wharthus; II n, (paper) comik (m), circumference, n, compas (m). comigow (pl). circus, n, cirk (m), circow (pl) command, I n, arhadow (m), arhadowyow (m); II vb, city, n, cita (f), citys (pl); capital city, n, penncita (f), erhy. penncitys (pl); pedncita (f, RLC), pedncitys (pl, RLC). common, adj, kemmyn; kebmyn (RLC). clamour, n, hobadolya (m), hobadolyas (pl); tros (m), companion, n, coweth (m), cowetha (pl); cowethes (f), trosyow (pl). cowethesow (pl). clap, vb, tackya; clap one’s hands, vb phr, tackya company, n, cowethyans (m). diwleuv. compare, vb, kehevely. class, n, class (m), classys (pl). compass (magnetic), n, mornaswydh (f), claw, I n, ewin (m), ewines (pl); craban (m), crabanow mornaswydhow (pl); mornajedh (f, RLC), (pl); (of crab) paw (m), pawyow (pl); II vb, cravas; mornajedhow (pl, RLC). scravinyas. compel, vb, compella. clay, n, pri (m), prei (m, RLC); clay pit, n, poll pri (m). complete, I adj, dien; II vb, cowlwul. clean, I adj, glan; II vb, glanhe‧. completely, adv, yn tien; qwit. clear, adj, cler; (transparent) ylyn; elyn (RLC). compromise, n, kesassoylyans (m), kesassoylyansow clearly, adv, yn cler. (pl). clever, adj, skentel. computer, n, jynn amontya (m), jynnow amontya (pl), cliff, n, als (f), alsyow (pl), aljyow (pl, RLC). jynnys amontya (pl). climate, n, hin (f). comrade, n, cothman (m), cothmans (pl); coweth (m), climb, vb, yskynna; ascendya; crambla (RCL). cowetha (pl). cloak, n, clok (m), clokys (pl). conceal, vb, cudha; keles. clock, n, clock (m), clockow (pl), clockys (pl). conceive (a child), vb, o‧mdhon. close, I adj, ogas; clos; come close!, phr, deus nes!; II vb, concern, n, bern (m); it is of no concern, phr, ny vern; (shut) degea; (approach) neshe‧. it does not concern me, phr, ny’m deur mann. closed, adj, deges. concerning, prp, yn kever (used with possess. closely, adv, yn ogas; clos. adjectives); a-dro dhe2; ’dro dhe2 (RLC). cloth, n, qweth (f), qwethow (pl). concert (performance), n, (vocal) kescan (f), kescanow clothe, vb, gwisca; to clothe oneself, vb phr, omwisca. (pl); (instrumental) kesilow (f), kesilowyow (pl). clothes, n, dilasen (f), dillas (coll). cone, n, pigorn (m), pigern (pl). cloud, n, cloud (m), cloudys (pl); comolen (f), commol confection, n, kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). (coll), cobmol (coll, RLC); thunder cloud, n phr, confess, vb, avowa; meneges. poster (m), posterow (pl). confession, n, avowans (m), avowansow (pl). cloudy, adj, comolek. consecrate, vb, sacra. clown, n, lorden (m), lordenyon (pl). consider, vb, predery. coal, n, glow (m). console, n, consolen (f), consolennow (pl), coast, n, arvor (m), arvoryow (pl). consolednow (pl, RLC); video game console, n, coat, n, cota (m), cotow (pl), cotys (pl). consolen gwariow gwydhyow (f). cobweb, n, gwias kevnis (m), gwiasow kevnis (pl). constitution, n, corf laha (m). cockerel, n, culyek (m), culyogyon (pl). continuation, n, pesyans (m), pesyansow (pl); pejyans

10 (m, RLC), pejyansow (pl, RLC). cowshed, n, bowjy (m), bowjiow (pl). continue, vb, pesya; pejya (RLC). crab, n, canker (m), cancres (pl). control, vb, rewlya; rowlya (RLC); routya; control crab-apple tree, n, gwedhen crabbys (f), gwydh tower, n, tour routya (m), touryow routya (pl). crabbys (coll); gwedh crabbys (coll, RLC). converse (speech), vb, keskewsel; kescowsel (RLC); crack, vb, crackya. clappya. cradle, n, cawel lesk (m), cawellow lesk (pl). conversation, n, kescows (m), kescowsow (pl). crane, n, garan (f), garanes (pl). conversion, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). cranefly, n, kelyonen aran (f), kelyon garan (coll). convert, vb, treylya. crawfish, n, gaver (f), gever (pl); gryll (m), gryllys (pl). cook, I vb, kegy; pareusy; parujy (RLC); II n, cog (m), crawl, vb, pedrevanas. cogow (pl); coges (f), cogesow (pl). crayon, n, creyon (m), creyonyow (pl). cooker, n, cogforn (f), cogfornow (pl). cream, n, dehen (m), dehennow (pl), dehednow (pl, co-operate, vb, kesobery. RLC); cream cake, n, tesen dhehen (f), tesennow copper, n, cober (m). dehen (pl), tesednow dehen (pl, RLC); sun cream, n, cord, n, corden (f), kerdyn (pl). dehen howl (m), dehennow howl (pl), dehednow corn (cereal) n, ysen (f), ys (coll), ysow (pl); abounding howl (pl, RLC). in corn, adj, ysek. create, vb, gwruthyl {= alternative VN to gul}. Cornish, adj, kernewek; kernowek (RLC); Cornish creator, n, gwrier (m), gwrioryon (pl); creador (m), language, n, Kernewek; Kernowek (RLC); Cornish creadors (pl); furvyer (m), furvyoryon (pl). speaker, n, Kerneweger (m), Kernewegoryon (pl); creature, n, croadur (m); creatur (m). Kernewegores (f), Kernewegoresow (pl); creek, n, heylyn (m), heylynnow (pl), heylydnow (pl, Kernoweger (m, RLC), Kernowegoryon (pl, RLC); RLC). Cornishman, n, Kernow (m), Kernowyon (pl); creepy–crawly, n, pryv (m), preves (pl), prevyon (pl); Cornish woman, n, Kernewes (f), Kernewesow (pl). prev (m, RLC), preves (pl, RLC) {Note: Applied , n, Kernow. indiscriminately to worms, caterpillars, bugs etc.}. correct, I adj, ewn; own (RLC); II vb, ewna; owna (RLC). croak, I adj, ronk; II n, ronk (m); III vb, renky. corrupt, I adj, podrek; II vb, pedry. crescent, n, crommen (f), cromennow (pl); crobmen (f, cost, n, cost (m), costys (pl) RLC), cromednow (pl, RLC); (street signage) gwarak cottage, n, crowjy (m), crowjiow (pl); small cottage, n, (f), gwaregow (pl). dyjy (m), dyjiow (pl). cricket, n, (sport) crycket (m); (insect) gryll (m), cotton wool, coll, gwlan coton. grylles (pl). cough, I n, pas (m), pasow (pl); II vb, pasa. crime, n, drogober (m), drogoberow (pl); galweyth (m), council, n, consel (m), consels (pl); Cornwall Council, n galweythyow (pl). phr, Consel Kernow. critic, n, barner (m), barnoryon (pl); theatre critic, n, counsel, n, cussul (f), cussulyow (pl). barner gwariva (m). count, vb, amontya. criticise, vb, arvreusy; crytikya. counterfeit, I adj, fug; II vb, fugya. crisp, I adj, cras; II n, (snack) cresik (m), cresigow (pl). country, n, bro (f), broyow (pl); mother country, crocodile, n, cro‧codil (m), cro‧codiles (pl). motherland, n, mammvro (f), mammvroyow (pl); crop, I n, (bird’s crop) croth (f); (harvest) trevas (f); II pow (m), powyow (pl); gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); vb, (harvest) trevasa; (cut short) dibenna. pertaining to a country, adj, gwlasek; open country, cross, I n, crows (f), crowsyow (pl); II vb, treusy; n, mes (m), mesyow (pl). tremena (RLC). county, n, conteth (f), contethow (pl). crossing place, n, treusva (f), treusvaow (pl); level course, n, (study) steus (f), steusow (pl); (direction) crossing, phr, treusva hyns horn. hyns (m), hynsow (pl); resegva (f), resegvaow (pl); crow, n, bran (f), briny (pl). (meal) sand (m), sandys (pl). crowd, n, bosh (m), boshys (pl); routh (f), routhow (pl). court, n, (residence) lys (m), lysow (pl); (court of law) crown (royal), n, curun (f), curunyow (pl). breuslys (m), breuslysow (pl). crumb, n, (of bread) whigen (f); (general) browsyonen courtyard, n, garth (m), garthow (pl). (f), browsyon (coll). cousin, n, ke‧nderow (m), kenderwy (pl); keni‧terow crumble, vb, brewy; browy (RLC); browsy; crumbled (f), keni‧terwy (pl). material, groundbait, phr, brows (coll). cove, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). crustacean, n, crestennek (m), crestednek (m, RLC), cover, I n, gorher (m), gorheryow (pl); book cover, n, crestenogyon (pl). aden (f), adenyow (pl); cudhlen (f); II vb, gorhery; crutch, n, croch (m), crochow (pl), crochys (pl), lenny. dewgroch (dl). cow, n, bugh (f), buhes (pl). {RLC pronunciation: [bɪwh].} cry, I n, cri (m), criow (pl); crei (m, RLC); II vb, cria; cowboy, n, bughwas (m), bughwesyon (pl). creia (RLC); ola.

11 cub, n, colyn (m), kelyn (pl); fox cub, n, lowarnik (m), wheg; dear George, phr, Jory wheg; Jory ker. lewernigow (pl); lion cub, n, lewik (m), lewigow (pl). death, n, mernans (m). cube, n, cub (m), cubow (pl). December, n, Kevardhu (m); mis Kevardhu (m). cubit, n, kevelin (m), kevelinyow (pl). deceive, vb, tolla. cuckoo, n, cog (f), coges (pl); coucou (f), coucous (pl). decide, vb, ervira. cucumber, n, cucomber (m), cucomberyow (pl). deck chair, n, cador dreth (f), cadoryow treth (pl). cultivate (land), vb, gonis. declaration, n, discleryans (m), discleryansow (pl); cup, n, hanaf (m), hanafow (pl); hanath (m, RLC), declaracyon (m), declaracyons (pl). hanathow (pl, RLC). decorate, vb, afina; tekhe‧. cupboard, n, a‧mary (f), a‧maris (pl); ambry (f, RLC), deed, n, (action) gwrians (m), gwriansow (pl); (legal ambris (pl, RLC). document) chartour (m), chartours (pl). cupful, n, hanafas (m), hanafasow (pl); hanathas (pl, deep, adj, down. RLC), hanathasow (pl, RLC). degree, n, (angle or temperature) gradh (m), gradhow curlew, n, gelvinek (m), gelvinogyon (pl), gelvinoges (pl); (rank) degre‧ (m), degry‧s (pl). (pl). delinquent, n, drogwas (m), drogwesyon (pl). curse, I n, molleth (f), molothow (pl); II vb, molethy. deliver, vb, delivra. curtain, n, croglen (f), croglennow (pl), croglednow deliverance, n, delivrans (m), delivransow (pl). (pl, RLC). delude, vb, tolla; flattra. curve, I adj, cromm; crobm (RLC); II n, gwarr (f), demand, I n, gorholedh (m); II vb, dervyn. gwarrow (pl); crommen (f); crobmen (f, RLC); III vb, dentist, n, medhek dens (m), medhygyon dhens (pl); camma; cabma (RLC). medhoges dhens (f), medhogesow–dens (pl). cushion, n, pluvek (f), pluvogow (pl). deny, vb, naha. cut, I adj, trogh; trehys; II n, trogh (m), trohow (pl); cut depart, vb, diberth. of meat, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl); III vb, trehy. depth, n, downder (m), downderyow (pl). cycle, I n, tro (f), troyow (pl); II (to ride a cycle) vb, derange, vb, varya. diwrosa. deranged, adj, varyes. descend, vb, diyskynna; deskydnya (RLC). D, d desert, n, difeythtir (m), difeythtiryow (pl). deserve, vb, dendil; deservya. daddy, n, tas (m); tasik (m). deservedly, adv, qwit. dairy, n, lety (m), letiow (pl); dairy produce, n, ascor desire, I (need) n, whans (m), whansow (pl); II vb, lethek (m). whansa. dale (valley), n, nans (m), nansow (pl). desirous, adj, whansek. damage, n, damach (m), damajys (pl). desk, n, desk (m), descow (pl), deskys (pl). damaged, adj, shyndys. destroy, vb, distruy. damn, vb, dampnya. destruction, n, distruyans (m), distruyansow (pl). dance, I n, dons (m), donsyow (pl); II vb, donsya. detergent, n, lin sebon (m), linyow sebon (pl). dancer, n, donsyer (m), donsoryon (pl); donsyores (f), devil, n, dyowl (m), dyowlow (pl); the Devil, n, an Jowl donsyoresow (pl). (m); by the Devil, phr, re’n Jowl. danger, n, peryl (m), peryllyow (pl). Devon, n, Dewnens (m); Pow Densher (m). dangerous, adj, peryllus; diantel. dew, n, gluth (m). dark, adj, tewal. diary, n, dydhlyver (m), dydhlyvrow (pl); dedhlever darken, vb, tewlhe‧. (m, RLC), dedhlevrow (pl, RLC). darkness, n, tewlder (m). diamond, n, adamant (m), adamantow (pl), adamantys date, n, dydh (m), dedh (m, RLC), dedhyow (pl); (pl). (specific date) dedhyas (m), dedhyasow (pl). dice, n, dis (m), disyow (pl). daughter, n, myrgh (f), myrhes (pl); mergh (f, RLC), dictionary, n, gerlyver (m), gerlyvrow (pl); gerlever merhes (pl, RLC). (m, RLC), gerlevrow (pl, RLC). day, n, dydh (m), dedh (m, RLC), dedhyow (pl); jorna divorce, I n, didhemedhyans (m), didhemedhyansow (m), jorneow (pl); day before yesterday, n, (pl); II vb, didhemedhy. dygynsete‧; degensete‧ (RLC); day after tomorrow, divorced, adj, didhemedhys. n, trenja. die, vb, merwel. dead, adj, marow. different, adj, ken; dihaval; dyffrans; different from, deaf, adj, bodhar; to become deaf, vb phr, bodhara; deaf adj phr, dihaval dhyworth. person, n, bodharek (m), bodharogyon (pl). difficult, adj, cales. deafen, vb, bodharhe‧. difficulty, n, caletter (m). dear, adj, cuv; ker; (expensive) costek; (in letters) ker; dig, vb, palas.

12 digger (machine), n, jynn palas (m), jynnow palas (pl), document, n, scrif (m), scrifow (pl); scrifen (f), jynnys palas (pl, RLC). scrifennow (pl), scrifednow (pl, RLC). digit, n, bys (m), besies (pl). dodgem, n, carr bonk (m), kerry bonk (pl). digital, adj, bysyel. dog, n, ki (m), kei (m, RLC), keun (pl); male dog, n, diligence, n, diwysygneth (f). gorgy (m), gorgiow (pl); female dog, bitch, gast (f), diligent, adj, diwysyk. gesty (pl). dine, vb, kinyewel; dining room, n, stevel dhybry (f), dogfish, n, morgy (m), morgeun (pl). stevellow dybry (pl); stevel dhebry (f, RLC), doll, n, dolly (f), doliow (pl); popet (m), popetow (pl). stevellow debry (pl, RLC); dining car (train), n, doll’s house, n, chi dolly (m), chiow dolly (pl), treven cocha dybry (m), cochow dybry (pl); cocha debry dolly (pl, RLC). (m, RLC), cochow debry (pl, RLC). dolphin, n, morhogh (m), morhohes (pl). dinner, n, kinnyow (m), kidnyow (m, RLC), kinyewow done, adj, gwrys; gwres (RLC); done for, undone, adj, (pl); late dinner, n, con (f), conyow; to eat late diswrys; diswres (RLC). dinner, vb, cona. donkey, n, asen (m), asenes (pl). dinosaur, n, arghpedrevan (m), arghpedrevanes (pl). door, n, daras (m), darasow (pl), darjow (pl, RLC). direction, n, tu (m), tuhow (pl). door handle, n, dornla (m), dornleow (pl). dirt, n, mostedhes (m). double, adj, dewblek. dirty, adj, plos; to make dirty, vb, mostya. dove, n, colom (f), kelemmy (pl), kelebmy (pl, RLC). disabled, adj, evredhek; disabled person, n phr, evredh down, I n, (fine feathers), manbluven (f), manbluv (m), evredhyon (pl); evredhes (f), evredhesow (pl). (coll); (moorland), n, goon (f), gonyow (pl); II disc (record), n, plasen (f), plasennow (pl), plasednow downwards, adv, yn-nans, war-woles. (pl, RLC); compact disc (CD), n, plasen arhansek (f), downstairs, adv, a-woles; war-woles. plasennow arhansek (pl), plasednow arhansek (pl, dragon, n, dragon (f), dragones (pl). RLC); cidy (m), cidis (pl); abbr, CD (m), CDs (pl). draw, vb, (art) delinya; (pull) tenna; tedna (RLC). discount, I n, discont (m), discontow (pl); II vb, drawer, n, tregyn (m), tregynnow (pl), tregydnow (pl, discontya. RLC). discuss, vb, (have a discussion) omgussulya; drawing, n, delinyans (m), delinyansow (pl). omgussulya a-dro dhe’n mater, phr, to have a drawing pin, n, pynn meus (m), pynnow meus (pl); discussion about the issue; (discuss sth.) dadhla. pydn meus (m, RLC), pydnow meus (pl, RLC). disguise, I n, tollwisk (m); II vb, tollwisca. dream, vb, hunrosa; n, hunros (m), hunrosow (pl). dishes, pl n, lestry (mpl); to wash the dishes, phr, golhi dress, vb, gwisca; to dress oneself, vb, omwisca. an lestry. dress (frock), n, pows (f), powsyow (pl). dispatch, vb, danvon; danon (RLC). dresser (furniture), n, lestrier (m), lestrieryow (pl). displeased, adj, drog pes. dressing gown, n, mantel nos (f), mantylly nos (pl). dishonour, I n, disenor (m); II vb, disenora. drill, I n, tarder (m), terder (pl); II vb, telly. distance, I n, pelder (m), pelderyow (pl); a short drink, I n, diwes (m), diwosow (pl); II vb, eva. distance, n phr, pols (m), polsyow (pl); II to distance drive, vb, lewya; lewa (RLC). oneself, to withdraw, vb, ombellhe‧, avoydya. driver, n, lewyer (m), lewyoryon (pl). distant, adj, pell. drop (fluid), n, banna (m), badna (m, RLC), banahow distinct, adj, diblans. (pl); (tear drop) dager (m), dagrow (pl). district, n, ranndir (m), ranndiryow (pl). drown, vb, beudhy. disturb, vb, ancresya. drum, n, tabour (m), tabouryow (pl). disturbance, n, ancresyans (m), ancresyansow (pl). drunk, adj, medhow. ditch, n, cleudh, (m), cleudhyow (pl). dry, adj, sygh; segh (RLC). dive, vb, sedhy. duchess, n, dukes (f), dukesow (pl). diver, n, sedher (m), sedhoryon (pl); deep-sea diver, duchy, n, duketh (f). frogman, n, sedher downvor (m), sedhoryon duck, n, hos (m), heyjy (pl). dhownvor (pl). duckling, n, heyjik (m), heyjigow (pl). divide, vb, ranna; radna (RLC); divided by, vb phr, duke, n, duk (m), dukys (pl). rynnys gans; rydnys gen (RLC). dung, n, cawgh (m). do, vb, gul; gwul (RLC). dusk, n, mo (m). dock, n, (for ships) cay (m), cayow (pl); (plant) tavolen dustbin, n, atalgist (f), atalgistyow (pl). (f), tavol (coll). duster, n, qweth ponn (f), qwethow ponn (pl); qweth doctor, n, (medical) medhek (m), medhygyon (pl); podn (f, RLC), qwethow podn (pl, RLC). medhoges (f), medhogesow (pl); (title) doktour (m), dustpan, n, padel bonn (f), padellow ponn (pl); padel doktours (pl); doctor’s surgery, n, medhegva (f), bodn (f, RLC), padellow podn (pl, RLC). medhegvaow (pl). duty, n, (responsibility) dever (m); (tax) toll (f), tollow

13 (pl). endure, vb, (last) pesya; pejya (RLC); (tolerate) perthy. duvet, n, colhes (f), colhesow (pl). enemy, n, escar (m), eskerens (pl). dwarf, n, corr (m), corryon (pl); corres (f), coresow (pl, energy, n, nerth (m), nerthow (pl). f). engine, n, jynn (m), jynnow (pl), jynnys (pl); engine dwell, vb, triga. house, n, jynnjy (m), jynnjiow (pl). dwelling, n, annedh (f), adnedh (f, RLC); anedhow (pl). engineer, n, ynjynor (m), ynjynoryon (pl); ynjynores (f), ynjynoresow (pl). E, e engineering, n, ynjynorieth (f). England, n, Pow Sows (m); Pow an Sowson (m). each, I adj, pub; II prn, kettep; peub. English, adj, sowsnek; English Language, n, Sowsnek eager, adj, freth. (m); English speaker, n, Sowsneger (m), eagerness, n, frethter (m); mall (m); I am eager to meet Sowsnegoryon (pl); English person, n, Sows (m), Sowson (pl); Sowses (f), Sowsesow (pl). her, phr, mall yw genev a vetya gensy. 2 eagle, n, er (m), eryon (pl), eres (pl). enjoy, vb, enjoya; kemeres plesour dre ; bos da gans; ear, n, scovarn (f), scovornow (pl); diwscovarn (dl). (to enjoy oneself) omlowenhe‧. early, adv, a-varr. enough, adj, lowr; luck; good enough, phr, da lowr. earn, vb, dendil. enormous, adj, cowrek; hujes [ˈhɪwʤəz] (RLC). earth, n, dor (m); Earth (planet), n, (an) Norvys (m). enter, vb, entra. earthworm, n, bulugen (f), buluk (coll). enthusiastic, adj, gwresek. easel, n, margh scrifa (m), mergh scrifa (pl). entirely, adv, oll. east, I adj, est; II n, est (m); howldrehevel (m). envelope, n, mayler (m), maylers (pl). Easter, n, Pask (m). environment, n, kerhynnedh (m), kerhydnedh (m, easy, adj, es; easier, cmp, esya; (comfortable) atte‧s. RLC); kerhynedhow (pl). eat, vb, dybry; debry (RLC). environmentalist, n, kerhynedhor (m), edge, n, amal (m), emlow (pl). kerhynedhoryon (pl); kerhynedhores (f), egg, n, oy (m), oyow (pl); to lay eggs, vb phr, dedwhy; kerhynedhoresow (pl). not worth an egg, fig, ny dal oy; egg cup, n, hanaf oy epistle, n, epystyl (m), epystlys (pl). (m), hanafow oy (pl). equal, I adj, par; kehaval; II n, par (m), parow (pl); eight, card num, eth; eighth, ord num, ethves; abbr, pares (f), paresow (pl). 8ves. equipment, n, daffar (m). eighteen, card num, etek; eighteenth, ord num, etegves; err, vb, (in deed) cammwul; (in thought) cammdyby; abbr, 18ves. cabmdyby (RLC). either ... or, conj, po ... po; poke‧n ... po. error, n, (in deed) cammwrians (m), cammwriansow elbow, n, elin (m), elinyow (pl), dewelin (dl). (pl); (in thought) cammdybyans (m), electric, adj, tredanek. cammdybyansow (pl); cabmdybyans (m, RLC), electrician, n, tredaner (m), tredanoryon (pl). cabmdybyansow (pl, RLC). electricity, n, tredan (m); electric train, n, tren escalator, n, jynn yskyn (m), jynnow yskyn (pl). tredanek (m), trenow tredanek (pl). escape, vb, diank; jank (RLC). electrify, vb, tredanhe‧. estuary, n, heyl (m), heylyow (pl). elephant, n, olifans (m), olifanses (pl). et cetera, etc., phr, hag erel, abbr, h.e. eleven, card num, unnek; udnek (RLC). eternal, adj, dibe‧nn; heb diwedh. eleventh, ord num, unnegves; udnegves (RLC); abbr, even, I adj, (balanced) compes; (of numbers) parow; 11ves. II adv, hoge‧n. {Hogen is always the last word in a else, adj, ken; or else, conj, poke‧n. clause.} e-mail, I n, e-bost (m), e-bostow (pl); II vb, e-bostya. evening, n, gorthuher (m), gorthuherow (pl); evening emphasis, n, poos (m), posow (pl). time, adv, gorthuherweyth; this evening, adv, employment, n, soodh (f), sodhow (pl). haneth; last evening, adv, nyhewer. empty, I adj, gwag; II vb, gwakhe‧. ever, adv, (in the past) bythqweth; byscath (RLC); enclose, vb, degea(s); enclose with a hedge, vb phr, bykken; bynary; bynitha; (in the pres. or fut.) nevra; keas. for ever, adv phr, bys vykken. enclosure, n, garth (m), garthow (pl); park (m), parcow ever, adj, prest. (pl). every, adj, pub; every day, adv, pub dydh; pub dedh encounter, vb, metya; dierbynna; to encounter (RLC). somebody, vb phr, metya orth nebonan. everyone, prn, pubonan. end, I vb, diwedha; II n, diwedh (m); penn (m), pennow everything, prn, puptra‧. (pl); pedn (m, RLC), pednow (pl, RLC); fin (f), finyow evil, n, drog; tebel; {Note: The adjective ‘tebel’ stands (pl); end to end, phr, hys-ha-hys; hes-ha-hes (RLC). before the noun it describes; ‘drog’ can stand before or

14 after the noun.} evil person, n, tebel (m), tebeles (pl). farmer, n, tiek (m), tiogow (pl), tiogyon (pl); tioges (f), ewe, n, davas (f), deves (pl); ewe lamb, n, ones (f), tiogesow (pl). onesow (pl). farmhouse, n, chi tiek (m), chiow tiek (pl); chei tiek exact, adj, kewar. (m, RLC), treven tiek (pl, RLC). exactly, adv, pora‧n fashion, n, gis (m); geis (m, RLC); according to the examine, vb, apposya. fashion, adv phr, herwydh an gis; follower of examination, n, apposyans (m), apposyansow (pl). fashion, n, holyer gis; out of fashion, phr, yn-mes a’n example, n, ensampel (m), ensamplow (pl), ensamplys gis. (pl). fashionable, adj, kelvydh. except, conj, marnas; saw. fart, I n, bramm (m), bremmyn (pl); brabm (m, RLC), excuse, I n, ascus (m), ascusyow (pl); II vb, ascusya. brebmyn (pl, RLC); II vb, bramma; brabma (RLC). exercise, I vb, (physical) omobery; (try out) assaya; fast, adj, uskis. ’saya; (test oneself) omassaya; (practise) practisya; fat, adj, tew. II n, assay (m), assays (pl); ober (m), oberow (pl); father, n, tas (m), tasow (pl); Father Christmas, n, Tas praktis (m), praktisyow (pl). Nadelik; father-in-law, n, whegron (m), exhort, vb, kesky; ynia. whegronyon (pl); sira da (m), sirys da (pl). expect, vb, (hope for) gwaytyas; desevos. fear, I n, own (m); II vb, doutya; the cat is frightened, expense, n, cost (m), costys (pl). phr, yma own dhe’n gath; an gath a’s teves own; for expensive, adj, costek. fear, because of fear, lest, conj, rag own, rag dout; extend, vb, ystyn. I shouted for fear that you would fall, phr, my a extension, n, ystynnans (m), ystydnans (m, RLC), armas rag own ty dhe godha. ystynansow (pl). fearful, adj, ownek. extent, n, hys (m); hes (m, RLC). feather, n, pluven (f), pluvennow (pl), pluvednow (pl, extremely, adv, fest. RLC); (plumage) coll n, pluv (coll). eye, n, lagas (m), lagasow (pl), lagajow (pl, RCL), feast, (festival) n, gool (m), golyow (pl); feastday, n, dewlagas (dl), dowlagas (dl, RLC). dy’gol (m); (convivial event, party), n, kevewy (m), eyebrow, n, abrans (m), abransow (pl), dewabrans (dl), kevewiow (pl). dowabrans (dl, RLC). February, n, Whevrel (m); mis Whevrel (m); Whevrer (m); mis Whevrer (m). F, f feed, vb, maga. feel, vb, clewes; clowes (RLC); (to be aware) omglewes; omglowes (RLC). face, n, bejeth (f), bejethow (pl); enep (m), enebow (pl); fellow, n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl). greuv (m); fas (m), fassow (pl); face paint, n, paynt felt-tip pen, n, pluven leuvban (f), pluvennow leuvban bejeth (m), payntow bejeth (pl). (pl), pluvednow leuvban (pl, RLC). facing, prp, a-dal; a-doal (RLC). female, I n, benynreydh (f); II adj, benow. factory, n, gweythva (f), gweythvaow (pl). feminine, adj, gwregel; (grammatical gender) adj, fail, vb, fyllel, fail to, vb, fyllel a2 + verb. benow; feminine noun/word, n phr, ger benow. failure, n, fall (m), faladow (m). fence, n, cloos (f), closyow (pl). faint, vb, clamdera. fern, n, redenen (f), reden (coll). fairy, n, spyrys (m), spyrysyon (pl), spyryjyon (pl). ferry, I n, cowbal (m), cowbalow (pl); ferry crossing, n, fair, I adj, (attractive) teg; gwynn; gwydn (RLC); cowbalhyns (m), cowbalhynsow (pl); cowbalhens (colouring) melyn; (just) ewn; II n, (relaxation) fer (m, RLC), cowbalhensow (pl, RLC); II vb, tretha. (m), feryow (pl); gool (m), golyow (pl). festival, n, gool (m), golyow (pl). fairground, n, ferla (m), ferleow (pl). fetch, vb, kerhes. fake, adj, fug. few, I adj, bohes; nebes (before singular count nouns fall, vb, codha. or plural mass nouns); II n, nebes (m). falter, vb, hockya. fie!, int, fi!; agh! false, adj, fals. field, n, park (m), parcow (pl): gwel (m), gwelyow (pl). family, n, teylu (m), teyluyow (pl). fifteen, card num, pymthek; pemdhek (RLC). fancy dress, n, gwisk kevewy (m). fifteenth, ord num, pymthegves; pemdhekves (RLC); far, adj, pell. abbr, 15ves. fame, n, gerda‧ (m). fifth, ord num, pympes; pempes (RLC); abbr, 5es. famous, adj, gerys da. fiftieth, ord num, hantercansves; abbr, 50ves. familiar, adj, coth; aswonys: ajwonys (RLC). fifty, card num, hanterca‧ns, hantercansow (pl); deg ha farewell, int, farwe‧ll. dew-ugens. farm, n, bargen tir (m), bargenyow tir (pl), bargenys fight, vb, o‧mladh. {Note: Easily confused with the verb tir (pl).

15 omla‧dha, ‘to commit suicide’.} flight, n, neyj (m), neyjow (pl). file, n, (document; computer) restren (f), restrennow flipper, n, botasen balvek (f), botas palvek (coll). (pl), restrednow (pl, RLC); filing cabinet, n, float, I n, (for fishing) neuvel (f), neuvellow (pl); II vb, restrenva (f), restrenvaow (pl); (tool), n, liv (f), neuvella; neyja. livyow. floor, n, leur (m), leuryow (pl). fill, vb, lenwel, leunhe‧; fill with, vb, lenwel a2. flour, n, bleus (m), bleusyow (pl), bleujyow (pl, RLC). film I n, (cinema) fylm (m); (covering), kennen (f), flow (of liquids and powders), vb, resek. kenennow (pl); kednen (f, RLC), kenednow (pl, RLC); flower, I n, bleujen (f), bleujyow (coll); flour (m), II vb, (to make a film) fylmya; to coat with film, vb, flourys (pl); II vb. bleujyowa; flower bed, n phr, kenna; kedna (RLC). bleujowek (f), bleujowegy (pl). filthy, adj, plos. fluent, adj, freth. fin, n, askel (f), eskelly (pl), ’skelly (pl, RLC). flutter, vb, terneyja. finally, adv, wor’tiwedh, wos’tiwedh. fly, I n, kelyonen (f), kelyon (coll); bluebottle fly, n, find, vb, cavos; to find oneself (situated), vb, omgavos. kelyonen gig (f), kelyon kig (coll); II vb, neyja. fine I adj, (beautiful) teg; (excellent) brav; (healthy) foam, n, ewynen (f), ewyn (coll). yagh; II n, (penalty) spal (m), spalyow (pl); III vb, fog, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). spala. fold, vb, plegya. finger, n, bys (m), bes (m, RLC), besies (pl); index follow, vb, (physical) holya; (outcome) sewya, finger, n, bys rag (m); bes rag (m, RLC); middle omsewya. finger, n, bys cres (m); bes cres (m, RLC) ring finger, food, n, boos (m). n, bys bysow (m); bes besow (m, RLC); little finger, n fool, n, gocky (m), gockies (pl). phr, bys byhan (m); bes bian (m, RLC). foolish, adj, gocky; fol. finish, vb, gorfenna; gorfedna (RLC). foot, n, (anatomy) troos (m), treys (pl), dewdros (dl); fire, I n, tan (m), tanyow (pl); on fire, phr, gans tan; (base) ben (m), benyow (pl); (length) troos hys (m), II vb, (fire a weapon) tenna; fire engine, n, jynn tan treys hys (pl); on foot, adv, a droos. (m), jynnow tan (pl), jynnys tan (pl, RLC). football, n, pel droos (f), pelyow troos (pl). firefighter, n, tangasor (m), tangasoryon (pl); footpath, n, trolergh (m), trolerhow (pl). tangasores (f), tangasoresow (pl); den difudhy (m), for (in order to, for the purpose of), prp, rag; for ever, tus dhifudhy (pl); benen dhifudhy (m), benenes phr, bys vykken. difudhy (pl). forbid, vb, difen. fireplace, n, oles (f), olesow (pl). force, n, fors. firewood, n, keunysen (f), keunys (coll); cunys (coll, forefather, n, hendas (m), hendasow (pl); ragdas (m), RLC). ragdasow (pl). firework, n, tanweythen (f), tanweyth (coll). forehead, n, tal (m), talyow (pl); toal (m, RLC), toalyow firm (steadfast), adj, fyrv. (pl, RLC). first, ord num, kynsa; kensa (RLC); abbr, 1a. forenoon, n, myttin (m), myttinyow (pl); mettin (m, fish, n, pysk (m), pesk (m, RLC), puskes (pl); fish tank, RLC), mettinyow (pl, RLC); kynseghwa (m); n, tank puskes (m), tancow puskes (pl). kenjoghwa (m, RLC); myttinweyth (m). fisherman, n, pyscador (m), pyscadoryon (pl); pescajor forest, n, coos (m), cosow (pl). (m, RLC), pescajors (pl, RLC). forget, vb, ankevy; nakevy (RLC). fish, vb, pyskessa; pyskecha (RLC). fork, n, (tool) forgh (f), fergh (pl); (Y-shape) gowl (f), fishing boat, n, cok (m), cocow (pl). gowlow (pl). fishing rod, n, gwelen byskessa (f), gwelynny pyskessa forked, adj, gowlek. (pl). form, I n, (shape) furv (f), furvow (pl); form (m), fishpond, n, pysclyn (f), pysclynnow (pl); pesclyn (f, formow (pl), formys (pl, RLC); II vb, furvya. RLC), pesclydnow (pl, RLC). former, adj, kyns, kens (RLC). fist, n, dorn (m), dornow (pl), dewdhorn (dl); fistful, n, formerly, adv, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC); kyns; kens dornas (m), dornasow (pl). (RLC). fit (healthy), adj, yagh. fort, n, din (m), dinyow (pl); dinas (m), dinasow (pl); five, card num, pymp; pemp (RLC). hill fort, n, ker (m), keryow (pl). fix, I fasten, affix, vb, staga; II repair, vb, ewnhe‧. fortnight, n, hanter mis (m), hanter misyow (pl). flesh, n, kig (m), kigyow (pl). forthwith, adv, a-dhesempis; ’dhesempis. flag, n, baner (m), baneryow (pl), baners (pl). fortunate, adj, feusik; fujik (RLC); gwynnvys. flame, n, flamm (m), flammow (pl). forward(s), adv, (in the direction of) war-rag; (motion) flash, vb, luhesy. yn-rag; to go forward, vb, mos yn-rag. flat I adj, plat; gwastas; II n, (apartment) rannjy (m), foul, adj, hager. rannjiow (pl). found, vb, fondya; grondya; selya.

16 foundation, n, fondyans (m), fondyansow (pl); dywar; dhywar; from here, adv, alemma; alebma fondacyon (m), fondacyons (pl); grond (m); sel (m), (RLC); from there, adv, alena; (temporal; since) a- selyow (pl); foundation stone, n, selven (m), selveyn dhia. (pl); lay foundations, vb, fondya, grondya. front, I adj, a-rag; II adv, (in front of) a-rag; III n, tal fountain, n, fenten (f), fentynnyow (pl), fentydnyow (m), toal (m, RLC), talyow (pl); (front of body) greuv (pl, RLC). (m). four, card num, peswar (m), pajar (RLC); peder (f). frost, n, rew (m), rewyow (pl). fourfooted, adj, peswartrosek frown, vb, plegya tal; talgamma; brendya (RLC). fourteen, card num, peswardhek. frozen, adj, rewys. fourteenth, ord num, peswardhegves; abbr, 14ves. fruit, n, frothen (f), frooth (coll); frut (m), frutys (pl). fourth, ord num, peswora; pajwora (RLC); abbr, 4a. fruit juice, n, sugen frooth (m), sugenyow frooth (pl). fox, n, lowarn (m), lewern (pl); fox-cub, n, lowarnik fry, vb, fria. (m), lewernigow (pl). frying pan, n, leswedh (m), leswedhow (pl); lecher (m, fragile, adj, hedor. RLC), lechers (pl, RLC). fragment, I n, darn (m), darnow (pl); tamm (m), fulfil, vb, kewera; collenwel. temmyn (pl); tabm (m), tebmyn (pl; RLC); II vb, full, adj, leun; full of, adj, leun a2; full grown, adj, omvrewy; omvrowy (RLC). cowldevys. fragmentation, n, omvrewyans (m); omvrowyans fun, n, gwary (m), gwariow (pl); delit (m); to make fun (RLC). of, vb, gul ges a2. frail, adj, gwann; gwadn (RLC); brottel. furniture, n, mebel (m). France, n, (Pow) Frynk (m); (Pow) Frenk (m, RLC). further, adj, pella; any further, adv, na3 fella (usually in frank, adj, frank. negative sentences). free, adj, (unrestrained) rydh; frank; to set free, vb, furze (gorse), n, eythinen (f), eythin (coll). delivra; rydhhe‧; (cut loose) lewsel; lowsel (RLC); future, n, termyn a dheu (m), termynyow a dheu (pl); freely, adv, yn frank; yn rydh; (free of cost) adj, heb termyn a vedn dos (m, RLC). cost. freeze, vb, rewy. G, g freezer, n, rewer (m), reworyon (pl). freight, n, fres (m); carg (m), cargow (pl). gabble, vb, clappya. French, adj, frynkek; frenkek (RLC); Frenchman, n, gadfly, n, kelyonen vargh (f), kelyon margh (coll). Frynk (m), Frynkyon (pl); Frenk (m, RLC), Frenkyon Gaelic, I adj, godhalek; II n, Godhalek (m). (pl, RLC); French woman, n, Frynkes (f), Frynkesow gain, I n, gwayn (m), gwaynyow (pl); les (m); II vb, (pl); Frenkes (f, RLC), Frenkesow (pl, RLC); French gwaynya. language, n, Frynkek (m); Frenkek (pl, RLC). galaxy, n, galaxy (f), galaxiow (pl). frequency, n, menowghter (m). gallery, n, (balcony) soler (m), soleryow (pl); frequent, vb, daromres. (exhibition room) mirva (f), mirvaow (pl). frequently, adv, menowgh; yn fenowgh. gallon, n, gallon (m), gallons (pl). fresh, adj, fresk, yr; (new) nowyth; (brand new) flamm gallows, n, crogbren (m), crogbrennyer (pl), nowyth; (of food) cro; (raw, uncooked) criv. crogbrednyer (pl, RLC); cloghbrennyer (pl), Friday, n, Gwener (m); dy’Gwener (m); de’Gwener (m, cloghbrednyer (pl, RLC). RLC); Good Friday, n, dy’Gwener an Grows (m); galore, adj, lowr a2; prizes galore, phr, lowr a bewasow. de’Gwener an Grows (m, RLC); Friday night, n phr, gamble, vb, hapwary. dy’Gwener dhe nos. game, n, (play) gwary (m), gwariow (pl); board game, fridge (refrigerator), n, yeynel (f), yeynellow (pl). n, gwary bord (m), gwariow bord (pl); card game, n, fried, adj, friys; fried egg, n phr, oy friys (m). gwary cartennow (m), gwariow cartennow (pl); friend, n, coweth (m), cowetha (pl); cowethes (f), Olympic Games, n, Gwariow Olympek (pl); role cowethesow (pl); (comrade) cothman (m), playing game (RPG), n, gwary rann (m), gwariow cothmans (pl); (mate) sos (m, sg & pl); (familiar rann (pl); gwary radn (m, RLC), gwariow radn (pl, friend) coth (m). RLC); gwary rolys (m), gwariow rolys (pl); video fright, n, own (m); to take fright, vb phr, kemeres own. game, n, gwary gwydhyow (m), gwariow gwydhyow frightful, adj, grysel; euthyk; ithik (RLC). 2 (pl); to play a double game, phr, gwary gans/gen frighten, vb, ownekhe‧; gorra own dhe . gwelen dhewblek; (animals) gam (m), helgik (m). frock, n, pows (f), powsow (pl). gang, n, para (m), parys (pl); bagas (m), bagasow (pl), frog, n, qwilkyn (m), qwilkynyow (pl). 2 bagajow (pl, RLC). from, prp, (local) dhyworth; dorth (RLC); a ; from gangster, n, bilen (m), bilenys (pl). beneath, from under, prp, a-dhann; a-dhadn (RLC); gangway, n, tremenva (f), tremenvaow (pl). from on, from over, from on top of, prp, a-dhywar; gaol, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl).

17 garage, n, carrjy (m), carrjiow (pl). ginger, n, jynjyber (coll); jynjer (coll, RLC). garden, n, lowarth (m), lowar’ (m, RLC); lowarthyow giraffe, n, jira‧f (m), jirafes (pl). (pl). girdle, n, grugys (m), grugysow (pl); kengrel (f), garlic, n, keninen (f), kennin (coll). kengrellow (pl); kyngel (f), kynglow (pl). gas, n, gas (m), gassys (pl). girl, n, mowes (f), mowysy (pl); mos (f, RLC), mosy (pl, gate, n, yet (f), yettys (pl); porth (m), por’ (m, RLC), RLC). porthow (pl). girlfriend, n, cares (f), caresow (pl). gather, vb, cuntel. give, vb, ri; rei (RLC); give back, vb phr, ri arta; rei arta gay, adj, (joyful) lowenek; (homosexual) kethreydhel. (RLC); give up, vb, dascor; give way, vb, plegya; give gear, n, taclen (f), taclow (pl); daffar (m); (mechanical) or take, phr, a-dro dhe2. maglen (f), maglennow (pl), maglednow (pl, RLC). glad, adj, lowen. gender, n, reydh (f), reydhow (pl). glade, n, lannergh (m), lanerhy (pl). general, I adj, ollgemmyn; ollgebmyn (RLC); je‧neral; gland, n, gwagren (f), gwagrennow (pl), gwagrednow II n, (army) pennhembrenkyas (m), (pl, RLC). pennhembrynkysy (pl); je‧neral (m), je‧nerals (pl). glass, n, (material; mirror) gweder (m); (vessel) generally, adv, dre vras. gwedren (f), gwedrennow (pl), gwedrednow (pl, generate, vb, dinythy; dinethy (RLC). RLC). genius, n, (muse) awen (f); (person) awenydh (m), glasses (spectacles), n, goloqwedrow (pl); dewweder awenydhyon (pl); awenydhes (f), awenydhesow (pl). (dl). gentle, adj, wheg; jentil. glassful, n, gwedrennas (f), gwedrednas (f, RLC), gentleman, n, den jentil (m), tus jentil (pl). gwedrenasow (pl). gentlewoman, n, benyn jentil (f), benynes jentil (pl). gleam, vb, lentry. gently, adv, yn cosel, dre dekter. gleaming, adj, lentrus; splann; spladn (RLC). genuine, adj, lel; gwir; gwiryon. glide, vb, slynkya. geography, n, doronieth (f). gloat, vb, gorawena. geometry, n, mynsonieth (f); mensonieth (f, RLC). global, adj, ollvysel; ollvesel (RLC); global warming, n German, adj, almaynek; German person, n, Alman (m), phr, tommheans ollvysel; tobmheans ollvesel (RLC). Almanyon (pl); Almanes (f), Almanesow (pl); globe, n, pel an norvys (f), pelyow an norvys (pl). German language, n, Almaynek (m); German gloomy, adj, tewal; trist. shepherd dog, n, ki bleydh (m), keun bleydh (pl). glorious, adj, gloryus. Germany, top, Almayn (m); Germany (m). glory, n, glory (m); golowder (m); gordhyans (m). get, vb, cavos; (obtain) kerhes; cawas (RLC); get along, glove, n, manek (f), manegow (pl). vb phr, kerdhes; get back, vb phr, cavos arta; get glow, I n, golow (m), golowys (pl); II vb, golowy. drunk, vb phr, medwhy; get ill, phr, codha clav; glue, I n, glus (m), glusow (pl); II vb, glusa. codha cloav (RLC); get on, vb, spedya; seweny; gnat, n, gwibesen (f), gwibes (coll). soweny (RLC); get out of here!, phr, voyd alemma!; gnome, n, corrik (m), corrigow (pl); (mine spirit) voyd alebma (RLC); get ready, vb, ombareusy; get knoukyer (m), knoukyers (pl); (goblin) bocka (m), round to do, phr, cavos chons dhe wul; get wind of bockas (pl), bockyas (pl); garden gnome, n, corrik something, phr, clewes son a neppy‧th; get up, vb, lowarth (m), corrigow lowarth (pl). sevel; I have got, vb phr, yma dhymm; ma dhybm go, vb, mos; go away, avodya; mos dhe ves; go down, (RLC); my a’m beus. vb, diyskynna; deskydnya (RLC); go out, vb, mos yn- ghastly, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC); scruthus. mes; (of a flame) merwel; go up, vb, yskynna; ghetto, n, getto (m), gettos (pl). ’skydnya (RLC); mos a-mann (RLC). ghost, n, tarosvan (m), tarosvannow (pl), tarosvadnow goal, n, (aim) amcan (m), amcanow (pl); costen (f), (pl, RLC); good ghost, n phr, bocka gwynn (m), costennow (pl), costednow (pl, RLC); towl (m), bock(y)as wynn (pl); bocka gwydn (m, RLC), towlow (pl); (sports) gol (m), golyow (pl). bock(y)as wydn (pl, RLC); bad ghost, n phr, bocka du goat, n, gaver (f), gever (pl), gyvres (pl); he-goat, n, (m), bock(y)as dhu (pl); ghost train, n, tren tarosvan bogh (m), bohas (pl). (m), trenow tarosvan (pl); give up the ghost, phr, goblin, n, bocka (m), bock(y)as (pl). dascor y enev. god, n, duw (m), duwow (pl); (Christian God) Duw; God ghostly, adj, tarosvannus; tarosvadnus (RLC). bless!, phr, Duw re sewena!; Dursona! gift, n, ro (m), rohow (pl). goddess, n, duwes (f), duwesow (pl). gifted (talented), adj, connyk; codnyk (RLC). godchild, n, flogh besydh (m), flehes vesydh (pl); flogh gigabyte (GB), n, gigabayt (m), gigabaytys (pl); abbr, bejedh (m, RLC), flehes vejedh (pl, RLC). GB. godfather, n, tas besydh (m), tasow vesydh (pl); tas gill (of fish), n, brynken (f), brynk (coll). bejedh (m, RLC), tasow vejedh (pl, RLC). gin (drink), n, jynevra (m). godmother, n, mamm vesydh (f), mammow besydh

18 (pl); mabm vejedh (f, RLC), mabmow bejedh (pl, grandparents, n pl, kerens wynn (pl); kerens wydn (pl, RLC). RLC). goggle-eyed, adj, lagasek; lagajek (RLC). grandson, n, mab wynn (m), mebyon wynn (pl); mab gold, n, owr (m). wydn (m, RLC), mebyon wydn (pl, RLC). golden, adj, owrek; owryek (RLC). grape, n, grappa (m), grappys (pl), grappow (pl). goldfish n, owrbysk (m), owrbesk (m, RLC), owrbuskes grapefruit, n, aval paradhis (m), avalow paradhis (pl). (pl). graphical, adj, grafegel; graphical user interface (GUI), gone, adj, gyllys. n, ynterfas usyer grafegel (m); abbr, YUG. good, adj, da; (morally good, respectable) mas; good graphics, n pl, grafek (f). morning!, phr, myttin da!; mettin da! (RLC); grasp, I n, dalhen (f), dalhennow (pl), dalhednow (pl, goodbye!, phr, Duw genes/genowgh!; good day!, RLC); gavel (f), gavelyow (pl); II vb, dalhenna; phr, dydh da!; dedh da! (RLC); Durda‧dhewhi!; dalhedna (RLC); synsy; senjy (RLC). Durda‧dhewhei! (RLC); Duw roy dydh da dhywgh grass, n, gwels (coll); blade of grass, n, gwelsen (f); whi! (RMC); good evening!, phr, gorthuher da!; good grass roots support, n phr, scoodhyans an bobel. heavens!, int, re Varia!; ’Ria!; good night!, phr, nos grateful, adj, grasek; grajek (RLC). da!; nosta‧dhewhi!; nosta‧dhewhei! (RLC); grave, n, bedh (m), bedhow (pl); grave stone, n, men Durnostadha! bedh (m), meyn bedh (pl). goodness, n, dadder (m); goodness knows!, phr, Duw gravel, n, grow (coll). hepken a wor! graveyard, n, bedhros (f), bedhrosow (pl); corflan (f), goods, n pl, gwara (coll); (possessions) pyth ha da; peth corflannow (pl). ha da (RLC); goods train, n, tren fres (m), trenow gravy, n, sugen (f); sugen gig (f). fres (pl). graze, vb, peury; pory (RLC). goose, n, goodh (f), godhow (pl). great, I adj, meur; II int, splann!; bryntin!; brentin! gooseberry, n, growsen (f), grows (coll). (RLC) gorgeous, adj, splann; spladn (RLC). great-aunt, n, gorvodrep (f), gorvodrebedh (pl). gorilla, n, gorilla (m), gorilles (pl). Great Britain, top, Breten Veur. gorse, n, eythinen (f), eythin (coll). great-uncle, n, gorewnter (m), gorewntres (pl). gorseth, n, gorsedh (f), gorsedhow (pl). greed, n, crefny (f); pithneth (f). gosling, n, godhik (m), godhigow (pl). greedy, adj, craf, pith. gossamer, n, gweun (m). Greek, I adj, grek; II n, (language) Greca; (person) Grek gossip, vb, kywhedhla; phr, kesclappya yn unn (m), Grekys (pl); Grekes (f), Grekesow (pl). sclandra; phr, esedha war scavel an gow. green, adj, (natural) glas; (artificial) gwyrdh, gwer; government, n, governans (m), governansow (pl). dark green, adj, dulas; light green, adj, gwerwyn; gown, n, pows (f), powsyow (pl). the Green Party, n, an Party Gwer; the Greens, n, an grace, n, gras (m), grassow (pl). Re Wer (pl). graceful, adj, grassyes; rasek. greenhouse, n, chi gweder (m), chiow gweder (pl); chei gracious, adj, debone‧r; grassyes. gweder (m, RLC), treven gweder (pl, RLC). grade, I n, gradh (m), gradhow (pl); II vb, gradhegy. greet, vb, dynerhy; salujy; wolcomma; wolcobma gradual(ly), adj & adv, tamm ha tamm; tabm ha tabm (RLC). (RLC). greeting, n, dynnargh (m). graduate, I n, gradhesik (m), gradhesigyon (pl); greetings, n pl, gorhemynadow; greetings! phr, lowena gradhesiges (f), gradhesigesow (pl); II vb, gradhya. dhis! (sg)/lowena dhywgh! (pl). grain, n, greunen (f), greun (coll). grey, adj, loos; glas (also blue and green). gram(me), n, gramm (m), grammow (pl). griddle, n, men pobas (m), meyn pobas (pl). grammar, n, (rules; subject of school lessons) gramer grief, n, duwon (m); galar (m); anken (m); keudh (m), (m); gramasek (f); (book) yethador (m). keudhow (pl); (melancholy) moredh (m), moredhow granary, n, greunva (f), greunvaow (pl). (pl). grand, adj, bryntin; brentin (RLC); brav; meur; uhel; grieve, vb, (afflict) duwonhe‧; grevya; (mourn) galary. grand piano, n, piano bras (m), pianos bras (pl). grill, n, rastel (f), restel (pl). grandchild, n, flogh gwynn (m), flehes wynn (pl); flogh grim, adj, asper; fell; garow. gwydn (m, RLC), flehes gwydn (pl, RLC). grind, vb, melyas; mala. grandfather, n, tas gwynn (m), tasow wynn (pl); sira grip, n, dalhen (f), dalhennow (pl), dalhednow (pl, wynn (m), sirys wynn (pl); sira wydn (m, RLC), sirys RLC). wydn (pl, RLC). groan, I n, hanajen (f), hanajennow (pl), hanajednow grandmother, n, mamm wynn (f), mammow gwynn (pl, RLC); II vb, hanaja. (pl); dama wynn (f), damyow gwynn (pl); dama grocer, n, spiser (m), spisoryon (pl). wydn (f, RLC), damyow wydn (pl, RLC). groceries, n, gwara boos (coll).

19 grocery, n, spisty (m), spistiow (pl). hammer, n, morthol (m), mortholyow (pl). ground, n, dor (m); leur (m), leuryow (pl). hamster, n, hamster (m), hamsters (pl). group, n, bagas (m), bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). hand, n, leuv (f), leuvyow (pl), diwleuv (dl), dowla (dl, grow, vb, tevy. RLC); dorn (m), dornow (pl); on the other hand, phr, grub, n, pryv (m), prev (m, RLC), preves (pl). yn fordh aral; shake hands, vb phr, shackya leuv. gruel, n, yos kergh (m). handful, n, dornas (m), dornasow (pl). guarantee, I n, mewgh (m), mewghyow (pl); II vb, handbag, n, tigen (f), tigennow (pl), tigednow (pl, RLC). mewghya. hand-luggage, n, fardellow dorn (pl). guard, I n, gwith (m); (person) gwithyas (m), gwithysy handball, n, (sport) pel dhorn (f); (offence in football) (pl); gwithyades (f), gwithyadesow (pl); II vb, dornbel (f), dornbelyow (pl). gwitha. handle, n, dornla (m), dornleow (pl). guardian, n, gwithyas (m), gwithysy (pl). handkerchief, n, lien dorn (m), lienyow dorn (pl). guess, vb, dismygy. handshake, n, shackyans leuv (m). guest, n, ostyas (m), ostysy (pl). handsome, adj, teg; semly. guide, I n, kevarwodher (m), kevarwodheryon (pl); hang, vb, cregy. kevarwodhores (f), kevarwodhoresow (pl); II vb, hang-glide, vb, ayrgregy. gidya. happen, vb, wharvos; codha; ’skynnya; ’skydnya (RLC); guilty, adj, cablus; not guilty, phr, ancablus. what’s happening?, phr, pandr’a wher?; what has guinea pig, n, hogh Gyny (m), hohes Gyny (pl). happened to you?, phr, pandr’eus ’skydnys guitar, n, gitar (m), gitaryow (pl); electric guitar, n phr, warnowgh whei? (RLC). gitar tredanek (m). happening, n, wharvos (m), wharvosow (pl). gulf, n, morblek (m), morblegow (pl). happiness, n, lowena (f). gull, n, golan (f), golanes (pl). happily, adv, yn lowen. gum, n, (anatomical) kig dens (m), kigyow dens (pl); happy, adj, lowen; lowenek. (substance) glus (m), glusyow (pl). harbour, n, porth (m), por’ (m, RLC), porthow (pl). gun, n, gonn (m), gonnys (pl); godn (m, RLC), godnys hard, adj, (tough) cales; hard disk, n, plasen gales (f), (pl, RLC). plasennow cales (pl), plasednow cales (pl, RLC); gunner, n, gonner (m), godner (m, RLC), gonoryon (pl). hard working, adj, diwysyk. gut, n, colodhyonen (f), colodhyon (coll). hardly, adv, scant (+ neg.); scantlowr. gutter, n, londer (m), londrys (pl). hardness, n, caletter. guy, n, den (m), tus (pl); tough guy, n phr, smat (m), hardware (computer), n, calesweyth (m). smatys (pl). hare, n, scovarnek (m), scovarnogyon (pl), gymnasium, n, hel sport (f), helyow sport(pl). scovarnoges (pl). gymnastics, n, gymnastek (m); lappyans (m); perform harmonica, n, harmo‧nica (f), harmo‧nicas (pl). gymnastics, vb phr, lappya. harmonise, vb, kesseny. hat, n, hat (m), hattow (pl), hattys (pl); (broad- H, h brimmed hat) diber dowr (m), dibrow dowr (pl). hate, I n, cas (m); II vb, casa; hatya; I hate, phr, cas yw haddock, n, corrvarvus (m), corrvarvusy (pl). genev. hail, n, keser (coll); hailstone, n, keseren (f), hateful, adj, casadow. keserennow (pl), keserednow (pl, RLC); II vb, haunch, n, mordhos (m), mordhosow (pl); pedren (f), (greeting) dynerhy; (weather) gul keser. pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, RLC), diwbedren hair, n, blewen (f), blew (coll); gols (coll). (dl); pachen (coll, RLC). hairdresser, n, kempenner gols (m), kempenoryon have, vb, cavos; cawas (RLC); I have, vb phr, yma wols (pl); kempenores wols (f), kempenoresow gols dhymm; ma dhybm (RLC); y’m beus; I have with me, (pl); dyghtyer gols (m), dyghtyoryon wols (pl); phr, yma genev; ma gene’vy (RLC); to have a bath, dyghtyores wols (f), dyghtyoresow gols (pl); phr, omdroghya; gul tronkys; have to, vb phr, bos res barbour (m), barbours (pl). dhe. half, n, hanter (m); half-hearted, adj, mygyl; half hour, hawk, n, hok (m), hokys (pl). n, hanter our (m); half time, n, hanter prys (m); hawthorn, n, spernen wynn (f), spern gwynn (coll); hanter pres (RLC); halfway, adj, hanter an fordh; spernen wydn (f, RLC), spern gwydn (coll, RLC). hanter an for’ (RLC); half-wit, n, scogyn (m), hay, n, gora (m). scogynnow (pl), scogydnow (pl, RLC). haystack, n, das wora (f), deys gora (pl). hall, n, hel (f), helyow (pl). haze, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). halt, I n, savla (f), savleow (pl); II vb, hedhy; sevel; he, prn, ev; (enclitic) e(v); va; (infixed) ’n. powes. head, n, penn (m), pennow (pl); pedn (m, RLC), ham, n, mordhos hogh (f). pednow (pl, RLC).

20 headache, n, drog penn (m), drogow penn (pl). here, adv, omma; obma (RLC); from here, adv, alemma; headland, n, penn tir (m), pennow tir (pl); pedn tir (m, alebma (RLC); here is, phr, otta; ottomma; ottobma RLC), pednow tir (pl, RLC). (RLC). headquarters, n, pennplas (m), pennplasow (pl); herring, n, hernen wynn (f), hern gwynn (coll); henen pednplas (m, RLC), pednplasow (pl, RLC). wydn (f, RLC), hern gwydn (coll, RLC). headlight, n, pennlugarn (m), pennlugern (pl); herself, prn, hy honan. pednlugarn (m, RLC), pednlugern (pl, RLC). hesitate, vb, hockya. heal, vb, yaghhe‧; sawya. hesitation, n, hockyans (m), hockyansow (pl). health, n, yehes (m); ’ehes (m, RLC); good health! heterosexual, adj, kenreydhek. cheers!, phr, yehes da!; ’ehes! (RLC). hi!, int, hou! yow! healthy, adj, (not ill) yagh; (health-giving) yahus. hidden, adj, cudh. heap, n, bern (m), bernyow (pl); grahel (f), grahellow hide, I n, (skin) crohen (f), crehyn (pl); II vb, (h. (pl). something) cudha ; (h. oneself) omgudha. hear, vb, clewes; clowes (RLC); hear about, vb phr, hideous, adj, hager {Hager precedes the noun.} clewes a2; clowes a2 (RLC); hear from someone, vb hideout, n, covva (f), covvaow (pl); cudhva (f, RMC), phr, clewes gans; clowes gen (RLC). cudhvaow (pl, RMC). heart, n, colon (f), colonnow (pl); heart attack, n, high, adj, uhel; high jump, vb, ughlamma; ughlebmel powes an golon (m); shora colon (m). (RLC); high place, n, ardh (m), ardhow (pl). heat, I n, tes (m), tomder (m); II vb, tesa; tommhe‧; higher, adj, gwartha. tobmhe (RLC). highlight, vb, golowboyntya. heath, n, kekesow (coll). hill, n, bre (f), breow (pl); bronn (m), bronnow (pl); heather, n, grug (m), grugow (pl). brodn (m, RLC), brodnow (pl, RLC); (big hill) heating, n, tommheans (m); tobmheans (m, RLC). menydh (m), menedh (m, RLC), menydhyow (pl). heaven, n, nev (m), nevow (pl). {In place-names often mena.} heavy, adj, poos. hillside, n, run (f), runyow (pl). hedge, n, ke (m), keow (pl); (low or broken down him, prn, ev; of him, prp prn, anodho; to him, prp prn, hedge) gorge (m), gorgeow (pl). dhodho; with him, prp prn, ganso; ganjo (RLC). hedgehog, n, sort (m), sortes (pl). himself, prn, y honan. heed, I n, fors; preder; II vb, cola orth; bos war; take hinder, vb, lettya. heed!, phr, kemmer with! (sg)/kemerewgh with! hint, n, hynt (m), hyntys (pl). (pl); kebmer with! (sg, RLC)/kemerowgh with! (pl, hip, n, clun (f), clunyow (pl), diwglun (dl). RLC). hippopotamus, n, dowrvargh (m), dowrvergh (pl). heel, n, seudhel (m), seudhelyow (pl). his, prn, y2. height, n, uhelder; (high place) ardh (m), ardhow (pl). hiss, vb, tythya; sia. heir, n, er (m), erys (pl). hit, I n, sqwat (m), sqwattow (pl); II vb, gweskel; held, adj, synsys; senjys (RLC). sqwatya; sqwatcha (RLC). helicopter, n, tro askel (f), troyow askel (pl). hitherto, adv, bys dhe’n eur ma; kyns lemmyn; kens hell, n, yfarn (m), yfarnow (pl); a hell of a noise, phr, lebmyn (RLC). tros yfarnek. history, n, i‧story (m). hello! int, hou! yow! hobby, n, hoby (m), hobis (pl). helmet, n, basnet (m), basnettys (pl). hobby-horse, n, hobihors (m), hobihorsys (pl); (’Obby helter skelter, n, tour corslynk (m), touryow corslynk ’Oss) Penn Glas (m); Pedn Glas (m, RLC). (pl). hoe, n, cravel (f), cravellow (pl); (pick) pigel (f), help, I n, gweres (m); II vb, gweres; help me!, phr, pigellow (pl). gweres vy! (sg)/gweresewgh vy! (pl); help yourself!, hog, n, hogh (m), hohes (pl); torgh (m), torhes (pl). phr, tann dhis dha honan! hogweed, n, evoren (f), evor (coll); losowen vogh (f), helpful, adj, heweres. losow mogh (coll). helpless, adj, diweres. hold, vb, synsy; senjy (RLC). hemp, n, kewarhen (f), kewargh (coll); cowarhen (f, hole, n, toll (m), tell (pl). RLC), cowar’ (coll, RLC). holed (perforated), adj, tollek; tellys. hen, n, yar (f), yer; hen-house, n, yerjy (m), yerjiow holiday, n, dy’gol (m), dy’golyow (pl); de’gol (m, RLC), (pl). de’golyow (pl, RLC). hence, adv, (from here), ahanan; alemma; alebma hollow, I adj, cow; II n, kew (f), kewyow (pl); cow (f, (RLC). RLC), cowyow (pl, RLC). her, prn, hy3; of her, prp prn, anedhy; to her, prp prn, holy, adj, sans; the Holy Spirit, n phr, an Spyrys Sans dhedhy; with her, prp prn, gensy. (m). herb, n, losowen (f), losow (coll). home, n, tre (f), trevow (pl); at home, adv, tre; y’n chi;

21 e’n chei (RLC); from home, adv, a-dre; go home, vb cul? (RLC); how come, phr, prag; how many, phr, py phr, mos tre; old people’s home, n, annedh tus coth lies; pes (+ sg noun); pyseu‧l; peseu‧l (RLC); how (f), adnedh tus coth (f, RLC), anedhow tus coth (pl). many times, phr, pesqweyth; how much, phr, homely, adj, sempel; diflows. pygemmys; pegebmys (RLC); how often, phr, py lies homesick, adj, hirethek. termyn; pana lies gweyth (RLC). homewards, adv, dhe-dre. however, adv, byttegy‧ns; bettege‧ns (RLC). homework, n, ober tre (m), oberow tre (pl). howl, vb, oulya. homily, n, pregoth (m), pregothow (pl). hug, I n, byrlans (m), byrlansow (pl); II vb, byrla. homosexual, adj, kethreydhel. huge, adj, bras dres ehen; euthyk bras; hujes [ˈhɪwʤəz] honest, adj, onest. (RLC). honesty, n, onester. human, n, den (m), tus (pl). honey, n, mel (m). humankind, n, mab den (m); denses (coll). honour, I n, enor (m), enorys (pl); onour (m, RLC) humble, adj, uvel. onours (pl, RLC); II vb, enora. humour, n, wharthuster (m). hook, n, higen (f), higennow (pl); bagh (f), bahow (pl). hundred, card num, cans (m), cansow (pl); a hundred hoop, n, kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl). times, phr, cansqweyth. hoop-la, n, kylhigow (pl). Hundred (administrative division), n, keverang (f), hope, n, govenek (m), govenegow (pl). keverangow (pl). hope, vb, gwaytyas; I hope, vb phr, yma govenek hundredfold, adv, cansplek. dhymm; ma govenek dhybm (RLC); govenek a’m hundredth, n, cansves (m), cansvesow (pl); ord num, beus {all followed by may5 + subjunctive}. cansves; abbr, 100ves. horizon, n, gorwel (m), gorwelyow (pl). hunger, n, nown (m). horizontal, adj, gorwelyek. hungry, adj, nownek; gwag {lit. ‘empty’}; I am hungry, horn, n, corn (m), kern (pl), dewgorn (dl). phr, yma‧ nown dhymm; ma nown dhybm (RLC); horrible, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC). nown a’m beus; gwag ov vy. horror, n, euth (m); browagh (m). hunt, vb, helhy. horse, n, margh (m), mergh (pl); to horse jump, vb, hurry, vb, fistena; hurry up!, phr, fisten! (sg)/ lamma margh; lebmel margh (RLC); horse racing, n, fistenewgh! (pl); I am in a hurry, phr, mall yw resek margh. genev. hosepipe, n, piben dhowr (f), pibennow dowr (pl), hurt, vb, I shyndya; pystiga; hurtya; II adj, shyndys. pibednow dowr (pl, RLC). husband, n, gour (m), gwer (pl). hospital, n, clavjy (m), clavjiow (pl); cloa’jy (m, RLC), hush, int, taw! (sg)/tewewgh! (pl); taw tavas! cloa’jiow (pl, RLC). (sg)/tewewgh tavas! (pl). host, n, ost (m), ostys (pl). hut, n, crow (m), crowyow (pl); (rough or ruined hut) hostess, n, ostes (f), ostesow (pl); air hostess, n, ostes crellas (m), crellow (pl). ayr (f), ostesow ayr (pl). hyperlink, n, gorgevren (f), gorgevrennow (pl), hot, adj, pooth; (warm) tomm; tobm (RLC); (extremely gorgevrednow (pl, RLC). hot; blazing) bros; hot chocolate, n, choclet tomm; hypocritical, adj, fekyl. choclet tobm (RLC). hotel, n, ostel (m), ostelyow (pl). I, i hound, n, (hunting) helgy (m), helgeun (pl); (racing) resky (m), reskeun (pl); (abusive) hond (m), hons I, prn, my; (enclitic) vy; va; ma; (infixed) ’m. (pl). ice, n, rew (m); iceberg, n, menydh rew (m), hour, n, (o’clock) eur (f), euryow (pl); (duration) our menydhyow rew (pl); mena rew (m, RLC), (m), ourys (pl); within an hour, phr, a-ji dhe our; a- menedhyow rew (pl, RLC); ice cream, n, dehen rew jei dhe our (RLC). (m); ice cube, n, cub rew (m), cubow rew (pl); ice house, n, chi (m), chiow (pl); chei (m, RLC), treven (pl, scate, n, skes rew (m), skesyow rew (pl); to ice scate, RLC); detached house, n phr, chi unnik (m), chiow vb, skesya war rew. unnik (pl); chei udnik (m, RLC), treven udnik (pl, icon (for a computer programme), n, arwodhik (m), RLC); semi-detached house, n phr, geveljy (m), arwodhigow (pl). geveljiow (pl); full house (poker), n phr, gwarijy icy, adj, rewgennys; rewgednys (RLC). leun; dornas leun. idea, n, tybyans (m), tybyansow (pl). household, n, meny (m), meniow (pl). 2 2 identical, adj, keth. how, I conj, del ; II int, ass, assa; fatel ; fatla; how fine identity, n, honanieth (f), honaniethow (pl). the weather is, phr, ass yw brav an gewer; how nice idiom, n, (turn of phrase) lavar (m), lavarow (pl). of you! phr, ass os ta cuv! how are you?, phr, fatla idiot, n, bobba (m), bobbys (pl); penn bobba (m), genes (sg)/ fatla genowgh (pl)?; fatel erowgh whei pennow bobba (pl); pedn bobba (m, RLC), pednow

22 bobba (pl, RLC); scogyn (m), scogynnow (pl), inhabitant, n, anedhyas (m), anedhysy (pl); triger (m), scogydnow (pl, RLC); you goggle-eyed idiot!, phr, ty trigoryon (pl). penn bobba lagasek!; che pedn bobba lagajek! (RLC). injection, n, skityans (m), skityansow (pl). idle, adj, diek; idle talk, n, flows (m). ink, n, ynk (m). if, conj, (before consonants) mar4; mara4; (before injure, vb, shyndya. vowels) mars; maras; (unlikely conditions) a4; injury, n, shyndyans (m), shyndyansow (pl); goly (m), (negative) mar ny2; if you please, phr, mar pleg. goliow (pl). ignore, vb, sevel orth aswon; sconya aswon. inlet, n, logh (m), lohow (pl). ignorance, n, fowt dyscans (m), fowtys dyscans (pl); inn, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl). fowt descans (m, RLC), fowtys descans (pl, RLC). input, vb, ynworra. ill, adj, (sick) clav; cloav (RLC); (bad) drog. insane, adj, muscok; varyes. illegal, adj, anlahel; erby‧nn an laha; erby‧dn an laha insect, n, pryv (m), prev (m, RLC), preves (pl); (RLC). wheskeren (f), whesker (coll). illness, n, cleves. insert, vb, gorra a-bervedh. illuminate, vb, golowy; (artistically) afina. inside, I adv, a-bervedh; a-ji; a-jei (RLC); II prp, a- illustrate, vb, lymna. bervedh yn; a-ji dhe2; a-jei dhe2 (RLC). illustration, n, lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl). inspect, vb, whithra; examnya. image, n, imach (m), imajys (pl); aven (m), avenyow inspire, vb, aweny; ynspirya. (pl). instant, I adj, desempis; instant coffee, n, coffy imagine, vb, desevos; concevy; tyby. desempis (m); II n, pols (m), polsyow (pl); immediate, adj, desempis; tromm; trobm (RLC); prysweyth (m), prysweythyow (pl); instant stragth; straft (RLC). message, I n, messach desempis (m), messajys immediately, adv, a-dhesempis; a-dhistowgh; whare‧; desempis (pl); II vb, messajya desempis. heb let. instance, n, ensampel (m); gweyth (f); for instance, impertinence, n, tonteth (f). phr, rag ensampel. impertinent, adj, tont. instantly, adv, kettoo‧th; a-dhesempis. impolite, adj, discortes. instead of, phr, yn le. import, vb, ymperthy. instigate, vb, sordya. importance, n, poos (m); les (m). instrument, n, (means) mayn (m), maynys (pl); important, adj, posek; bysy; a vern; it’s important for (musical i.) daffar ilow (m). you to go, phr, bysy yw dhis mos. insular, adj, enesek. impossible, adj, na yll bos; anpossybyl. insurance, n, surheans (m). in, prp, yn; in me, prp, ynnov; in you (sg), prp, ynnos; insure, vb, surhe‧. in him, prp, ynno; etta (RLC); in her, prp, ynny; in us, intelligent, adj, pollek; skentel; skiansek; skientek prp, ynnon; in you (pl), prp, ynnowgh; ennowgh (RLC). (RLC); in them, prp, ynna, ynnans; ettans (RLC); in interest, I n, (concern) bern (m), bernyow (pl); les (m); agreement, unver; in front of, prp, a-rag; in place (financial) oker (m); II vb, deur (3sg only); it does (of), prp, yn le; in the, prp+art, y’n; in three days’ not interest me, phr, ny’m deur; see if it interests time, phr, godreva; in which way, phr, pana vaner. you, phr, mir mara’th teur. inbox (e-mail), n, yngist (f), yngistyow (pl). interesting, adj, dhe les; didheurek; lesek (RLC). inch, n, meusva (f), meusvedhy (pl). interface, n, ynterfas (m), ynterfassow (pl). incidentally, adv, unnweyth; eneth (RLC). international, adj, keswlasek. incompatible, adj, ankesplegadow. internet, n, kesrosweyth (m). increase, vb, cressya; yncressya. interrupt, vb, (break off) goderry; (interrupt speech) increasingly, adv, moy ha moy. kewsel a-dreus; cowsel a-dreus (RLC). indeed, adv, devri‧; yn tevri‧; fest. interval (short break), n, powes (m). independence, n, anserhogeth (f). interview, n, keswel (m), keswelyow (pl). independent, adj, anserhek. interview, vb, kesweles. index, n, menegva (f), menegvaow (pl). into, prp, (a-berth) yn. India, top, Eynda (f). introduce, vb, comendya; introduce oneself, vb phr, Indian, adj, eyndek. omgomendya. indoors, adv, a-bervedh; y’n chi; a-ji; a-jei (RLC). invalid, adj, (false) drog; (incapacitated) clav; cloav industrious, adj, diwysyk. (RLC). industry, n, diwysyans (m), diwysyansow (pl); whel investigate, vb, whithra. ober (m, RLC), whelyow ober (pl, RLC). invite, vb, gelwel. inform, vb, derivas; kedhla. invitation, n, galow (m), galowyow (pl). information, n, kedhlow (pl). invoice, n, reken (m), reknow (pl).

23 Ireland, top, Iwerdhon (m); Wordhen (m). Jewess, n, Yedhowes (f), Yedhowesow (pl). Irish, adj, iwerdhonek; wordhenek; Irish language, n, jewel, n, jowel (m), jowelys (pl); tegen (f), tegennow Godhalek; Iwerdhonek; Wordhenek; Irishman, n, (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC). Godhal (m), Godhyly (pl); Irishwoman, n, Godhales jewellery, coll n, tegennow (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC); (f), Godhalesow (pl). gemweyth (m). iron, I n, (metal) horn (m); (laundry) hornel (f), Jewish, adj, yedhowek; ’edhowek (RLC). hornellow (pl); II vb, hornella; ironing board, n, jig, n, (dance) jyg (m), jygyow (pl). bord hornella (m), bordow hornella (pl). jigsaw, n, gwary mildam (m), gwariow mildam (pl). ironic, adj, ironek. job, n, soodh (m), sodhow (pl); oberen (f), oberennow ironmonger, n, horner (m), hornoryon (pl). (pl), oberednow (pl, RLC). irony, n, gesedh (m), gesedhow (pl). jog, vb, goresek; ponya. irregular, adj, direwl; digompes. jogger, n, reser (m), resoryon (pl); resores (f), irregularity, n, digomposter (m), digomposteryow (pl). resoresow (pl). irrelevant, adj, heb bri. join, vb, junya; to join forces (with), vb phr, omjunya irresponsible, adj, dibreder. (gans). irrigate, vb, dowrhe‧. joint, fn, (body) mell (m), mellow (pl); (meat) kevals irritate, vb, serry; vexya. (m), kevalsyow (pl); (cigarette) cigarik kewargh (m), Islam, n, Islam (m). cigarigow kewargh (pl); porven gowar’ (f, RLC), Islamic, adj, Islamek. porvens cowar’ (pl, RLC). island, n, enys (f), enesow (pl). joke, I n, ges (m), gesyow (pl); II vb, gul ges. Isle of Man, top, Manow (f), Enys Vanow (f). joker, n, gesyser (m), gesyoryon (pl). Isles of Scilly, top, Syllan (f), Enesek Syllan (f). jolly, adj, lowen; jolif. issue, I n, (publication) dyllans (m), dylansow (pl); jot, n, banna (m), badna (m, RLC), banahow (pl). (topic) mater (m), maters (pl); II vb, dyllo. journal, n, lyver termyn (m), lyvrow termyn (pl); lever it, prn, ev (m); va (m); e (m, after imperatives); hi (f); termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn (pl, RLC). (object) ’n (m); ’s (f). journalist, n, jornalyas (m), jornalysy (pl); jornalyades itch, n, debron (m), debronow (pl); cos (f), cosow (pl); (f), jornalyadesow (pl). II vb, debreny; cosa. journey, I n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); II vb, item, n, (on a list) poynt (m), poyntys (pl); (thing) tra viajya; vajya (RLC). (neutr.), taclow (pl), traow (pl). Jove, name, Jovyn (m). ivory, n, dans olifans (m). joy, n, lowena (f); joy (m). ivy, n, idhyowen (f), idhyow (coll). joyful, adj, lowen; lowenek. judge, I n, breusyas (m), breusysy (pl); breusyades (f), J, j breusyadesow (pl); justis (m), justisyow (pl); (critic) barner (m), barnoryon (pl); barnores (f), jackass, n, margh asen (m), mergh asen (pl). barnoresow (pl); II vb, breusy; barna; ri breus war; jacket, n, jerkyn (m), jerkynnow (pl), jerkyns (pl, RLC). rei breus war (RLC). jagged, adj, densek. judgement, n, barn (f), barnyow (pl); breus (f), jail, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl). breusyow (pl); in my judgement, phr, dhe’m breus jam, n, kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). vy. janitor, n, porther (m), porthoryon (pl); portheres (f), judo, n, judo (m). portheresow (pl). jug, n, podik (m), podigow (pl). January, n, Genver (m); mis Genver (m). juggle, vb, jogla. jar, n, (vessel) seth (m), sethow (pl); (shock) jag (m), juggler, n, jogler (m), jogloryon (pl). jagys (pl). juice, n, sugen (m), sugenyow (pl). jaundice, n, cleves melyn (m). juicy, adj, sugnek. Jazz, n, jazz (m). July, n, Gortheren (m); mis Gortheren (m); Gorefen (m, jealous, adj, gorvynnek; gorvydnek (RLC); avius; RLC); mis Gorefen (m, RLC). envies; be jealous of someone, vb phr, perthy avy jumper (garment), n, gwlanek (m), gwlanogow (pl). orth nebonan; bos envies warby‧dn nebonan (RLC). June, n, Metheven (m); Efen (m, RLC); mis Efen (RLC). jealousy, n, avy (m). jungle, n, gwylgos (m), gwylgosow (pl). jeans, n, jins (pl); lavrek jin (m), lavrogow jin (pl). junk (rubbish), n, atal (m); scollyon (pl); tredn (m, jelly, n, cowlesen (f), cowles (coll). RLC); junk food, n, boos atal (m). jellyfish, n, morgowlesen (f), morgowles (coll). junkie, n, (drug addict) stoffky (m), stoffkeun (pl). jetty, n, cay (m), cayow (pl). Jupiter, name, Yow (m); Jubyter (m). just, I adj, ewn; pora‧n; II adv, (only) hepke‧n; just as, Jew, n, Yedhow (m), Yedhewon (pl); ’Edhow (m, RLC), 2 2 ’Edhewon (pl, RLC). adv, (ke)pa‧r del ; (pe)ca‧r del (RLC); just as it is, phr,

24 par del yw; just now, adv, namnyge‧n; I have just lostennow brith (pl). done it, phr, nowyth gwrys yw genev. kin, n, nescar (m), neskerens (pl); ehen (f), ehennow justice, n, (virtue) ewnder (m); (magistrate) justis (m), (pl), ehednow (pl, RLC); next of kin, n phr, neshevin justisyow (pl); chief justice, n, pennjustis (m), (m & coll). pennjustisyow (pl); pednjustis (m, RLC), kind, I adj, hegar; wheg; cuv; kind regards, phr, pednjustisyow (pl, RLC). gorhemynadow a’n gwella; II n, (variety) ehen (f); justify, vb, avowa; justifia. sort (m); kind of (somewhat), phr, nebes; that kind of, phr, a’n par na. K, k kindergarten, n, scol veythrin (f), scolyow meythrin (pl). kale, n, cowlen (f), cowl (coll). kindle, vb, dewy; enowy. kangaroo, n, cangarou (m), cangarous (pl). kindly, adj, colonnek; colodnek (RLC). karate, n, carate (m). kindness, n, cuvder (m). kayak, n, cayak (m), cayakys (pl), cayagow (pl). king, n, myghte‧rn (m), myghternedh (pl); my’te‧rn keel, n, keyn (m), keynow (pl). (m, RLC), my’ternyow (pl, RLC); king size, phr, keen, adj, (sharp) lymm; lebm (RLC); (eager) mall; cowrek. whansek; I am keen, phr, mall yw genev. kingdom, n, gwlascor (f), gwlascordhow (pl); keep, I n, (castle) tour (m), touryow (pl); II vb, gwitha; ruwvaneth (f), ruwvanethow (pl); United Kingdom, synsy; senjy (RLC); keep a promise, vb phr, kewera; top, Ruwvaneth Unys (f). keep in touch, vb phr, kestava; keep oneself, vb phr, kiosk, n, kiosk (m), kioskys (pl). omwitha; keep up, vb phr, kesstrivya; keep your kiss, I n, amm (m), ammow (pl); abm (m, RLC), abmow mouth shut!, phr, syns dha glap! (pl, RLC); bay (m), bayow (pl); cussyn (m), keeper, n, gwithyas (m), gwithysy (pl). cussynnow (pl), cussydnow (pl, RLC); II vb, amma; keepsake, n, covro (m), covrohow (pl). abma (RLC); kiss me!, phr, baya; amm dhymm!; abm kelp, n, gommon (coll), gobmon (coll, RLC). dhybm! (RLC). kennel, n, kijy (m), kijiow (pl); keunjy (m), keunjiow kit, n, daffar (m). (pl); keunva (m), keunvaow (pl). kitchen, n, kegin (f), keginow (pl); kitchen dresser, n, kernel, n, sprusen (f), sprusennow (pl), sprusednow lestrier (m), lestrieryow (pl). (pl, RLC), sprus (coll). kite, n, sarf neyja (f), serf neyja (pl). kettle, n, calter (f), caltoryow (pl); tekel (m, RLC), kitten, n, cathik (f), cathigow (pl). tekels (pl, RLC); (open kettle, cooking vessel) chek knead, vb, tosa. (m), chekys (pl); tea kettle, n, chek te (m), chekys te knee, n, glin (m), glinyow (pl), dewlin (dl), dowlin (dl, (pl); to put the kettle on, phr, gorra an galter dhe RLC); knee cap, n, padel benn glin (f); padellow vryjyon. penn glin (pl); padel bedn glin (f, RLC), padellow kettleful, n, chekas (m), chekesow (pl). pedn glin (pl, RLC). key, n, (lock) alwhedh (m), alwhedhow (pl); (typing) kneel, phr, mos war benn dewlin; mos war bedn alwhedhen (f), alwhedhennow (pl), alwhedednow dowlin (RLC). (pl, RLC). knife, n, collel (f), kellyl (pl), kelylly (pl). keyword, n, ger alwhedh (m), geryow alwhedh (pl). knight, n, marhek (m), marhogyon (pl). keyboard (typing), n, bysowek (f), bysowegy (pl). knit, vb, gwia; to knit one’s brows, phr, plegya tal. kick, I n, pot (m), potow (pl); II vb, potya. knitwear, n, dillas gwia (coll). kid, I n, (child) flogh (m), flehes (pl); (goat) mynnen (f), knob, n, clopen (m), clopennow (pl), clopednow (pl, mynn (coll); II vb, tolla; are you kidding; phr; es’ta RLC); talben (m), talbennow (pl). ow cul ges? knock, I n, bonk (m), bonkys (pl); knouk (m); knoukys kidnap, I n, argibyans (m), argibyansow (pl); (pl); knock out competition, n phr, kesstrif dilea (m); denladrans (m), denladransow (pl); II vb, argibya; kesstrifow dilea (pl); II vb, knoukya. denladra. knocker (mine spirit), n, knoukyer (m), knoukyers (pl). kidney, n, loneth (f), lonethy (pl); steak and kidney knot, I n, colm (m), colmow (pl); colmen (f), pie, n phr, hogen vewin ha loneth (f). colmennow (pl), colmednow (pl, RLC); II vb, kelmy. kill, vb, ladha. know, vb, (persons and places) aswon; aswonvos; ajon (RLC); (facts and skills) godhvos; goffos (RLC); to killer, n, ladher (m), ladhoryon (pl). 2 kilobyte (KB), n, kilobayt (m), kilobaytys (pl); abbr, KB. know about, vb phr, godhvos a ; as you know, phr, kilogramme, n, kilogram (m), kilogrammow (pl); abbr, del wodhes; know-how, n, gallos. kg. knowledge, n, skians (m), skiansow (pl). kilometre, n, kilometer (m), kilometrow (pl); abbr, km. known, adj, aswonys; godhvedhys; well known, phr, kilt, n, losten albanek (f), lostennow albanek (pl), gerys da. lostednow albanek (pl, RLC); losten vrith (f), knuckle, n, mell dorn (m), mellow dorn (pl).

25 L, l (m), ledyoryon (pl). leaf, n, (of plants) delen (f), delyow (pl), del (coll); label, n, label (m), labelyow (pl). (page) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl ,RLC); labour, n, whel (m), whelyow (pl); lavur (m); Labour (paper) lyven (f), lyvennow (pl), lyvednow (RLC). Party, n phr, Party Lavur (m). leak, I n, dowrfols (m), dowrfolsyow (pl); II vb, dyllo lace, n, las (m), lasow (pl). dowr; divera. lack, n, fowt (m), fowtys (pl). leap, I n, lamm (m), lammow (pl); labm (m, RLC), ladder, n, skeul (f), skeulyow (pl). labmow (pl, RLC); II vb, lamma; lemmel; lebmel lady, n, arlodhes (f), arlodhesow (pl). (RLC). ladybird, n, buhik Dhuw (f), buhesigow Duw (pl). learn, vb, dysky; desky (RLC); learn from someone, phr, lake, n, lynn (f), lynnyn (pl); lydn (f, RLC), lydnow (pl, dysky gans nebonan; desky gen nebonan (RLC). RLC). least, sup, lyha; at least, adv, dhe’n lyha. lamb, n, on (m), eyn (pl). leave, vb, gasa {transitive}; (depart) diberth. lame, adj, cloppek. leek, n, poren (f), por (coll). left, adj (opposite of right) cledh; on the left (of), phr, lamp, n, lugarn (m), lugern (pl); lamp-post, n, 2 golowbren (m), golowbrennyer (pl), golowbrednyer a-gledh (dhe ); left-handed, adj, cledhek; (pl, RLC). (remaining) gesys; gerys (RLC). land, I n, tir (m), tiryow (pl); (region) bro (f), broyow leg, n, garr (f), garrow (pl), diwar (dl). (pl); (nation) gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); (country) pow legend, n, henwhedhel (m), henwhedhlow (pl). (m), powyow (pl); Land’s End, top, Penn an Wlas lemon, n, lymmaval (m), lymmavalow (pl); lemon (m); Pedn an Wlas (m, RLC); II vb, tira. curd, n, cowles lymmaval (coll). landlady, n, ostes (f), ostesow (pl). lend, vb, lendya. landlord, n, ost (m), ostys (pl). length, n, hirder (m); hys (m); hes (m, RLC); at length, lane, n, bownder (f), bownderyow (pl). adv, a-hys; a-hes (RLC); of equal length, adj, kehy‧s; language, n, taves (m), tavas (m), tavosow (pl); yeth (f), kehe‧s (RLC). yethow (pl). lengthen, vb, hirhe‧. lantern, n, lugarn (m), lugern (pl). lens, n, gwedrik (m), gwedrigow (pl); lens (f), lensow laptop (computer), n, barrlennel (f), barrlenellow (pl); (pl); contact lens, n, gwedrik kestav (m), gwedrigow laptop (m, RLC), laptops (pl, RLC). kestav (pl). lard, n, blonek (m). Lent, n, Corawys (m). larder, n, spens (m), spensow (pl). leopard, n, lewpard (m), lewpardes (pl). large, adj, bras; broas (RLC); meur. less, adj, adv, prn, le. last, I superl adj, diwettha; at last, adv, wos’tiwedh; last lesser, cmp, le. night, adv, nyhewer; last year, adv, warlena; lesson, n, dyscans (m), dyscansow (pl); kentel (m), warleny; II vb, pesya; durya. kentelyow (pl) {Note: In traditional Cornish, 'kentel' lasting (durable), adj, duryadow. means 'occasion'}. late, I adj, diwedhes; II adv, a-dhiwedhes. lest, conj, dout; rag own; take care lest you fall (mind later, adv comp, diwettha; see you later!, phr, dha you don’t fall), phr, kemmer with dout ty dhe weles! (sg)/agas gweles! (pl); a’n our! (RLC). godha! launch, vb, lonchya. let, vb, gasa; gara (RLC). laugh, vb, wherthin. letter, n, (epistle) lyther (m), lytherow (pl); lether (m, laughable, n, wharthus. RLC), letherow (m, RLC); (symbol) lytheren (f), laughter, n, wharth (m). lytherennow (pl), lytherednow (pl, RLC). law, n, laha (f), lahys (pl); court of law, n, breuslys (f), letterbox, n, kist lyther (f), kist lether (f, RLC); kistyow breuslysyow (pl); cort (f), cortys (pl). lyther (pl), kistyow lether (pl, RLC). lawn, n, glesin (m), glesinyow (pl); lawn-mower, n, lettuce, n, letusen (f), letus (pl). jynn glesin (m), jynnow glesin (pl) level, I adj, compes; leven; be level with, phr, bos lay, vb, pottya; (eggs) dedwhy; lay hold of, vb, sesya; compes gans; II vb, composa; levenhe‧. lay low, vb, prosternya; lay hands on, vb, dalhenna; lexicon, n, gerlyver (m), gerlyvrow (pl); gerlever (m, dalhedna (RLC); lay open, vb, apertya; lay waste, vb, RLC), gerlevrow (pl, RLC). wastya. liar, n, gowek (m), gowogyon (pl). layout, n, aray (m), arayow (pl); delinyans (m), liberal, I adj (generous) hel; II adj (tolerant) livrel; delinyansow (pl). Liberal Democatic Party, n phr, Party Livrel lazy, adj, diek. Gwerinel (m); the LibDems, n, an re LivWer (pl). lead, I n, (for a dog) lesh (m), leshyow (pl); (metal) liberty, n, frankedh (m), rydhsys (m). plomm (m); plobm (m); II vb, hembronk. library, n, lyverva (f), lyvervaow (pl). leader, n, hembrenkyas (m), hembrenkysy (pl); ledyer licence, n, cummyas (m), cubmyas (m, RLC), cumyasow

26 (pl); driving licence, n, cummyas lewya (m); litre, n, liter (m), litrow (pl). cubmyas lewya (m, RLC). live, I adj, (event) yn fyw; yn few (RLC); II vb, (be alive) lie, I n, gow (m), gowyow (pl); to tell a lie, phr, bewa; (reside) bos trigys; triga; live together, vb, gowleverel; II vb (lie down) gorwedha. kesvewa; he lives in St Ives, phr, yma va trigys yn life, n, bewnans (m), bewnansow (pl); bownans (m, Porth Ia; to live at the back of beyond, phr, bos RLC), bownansow (pl, RLC). trigys yn argel. lifeboat, n, scath sawya (f), scathow sawya (pl). lively, adj, byw; bew (RLC); bewek; (quick) buan; dyllo. lift, n, (elevator) yskynnel (f), yskynellow (pl); (in a liveliness, n, bewder (m). car) gorrans (m), gorransow (pl); to give a lift, phr, liver, n, avy (m), aviow (pl). gorra; ri gorrans; they gave me a lift home, phr, i a living room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl). ros dhymm gorrans tre; i a’m gorras tre. lizard, n, pedrevan (f), pedrevanes (pl). lift, vb, lyftya; drehevel. load, I n, carg (m), cargow (pl); II vb, carga; download, light, adj, scav. vb, iscarga; upload, vb, ughcarga. light, I n, golow (m), golowys (pl); traffic lights, n, lobster, n, legest (m), legesty (pl). golowys traffik (pl); II vb, enowy; cuna. lock, I n, (on a door) floren (f), florennow (pl), lightbulb, n, bollen (f), bolennow (pl), bolednow (pl, florednow (pl, RLC); (water) yet dhowr (f), yettys RLC). dowr (pl); II vb, alwhedha. lighten, vb, golowy. locker, n, a‧mary (m), a‧maris (pl). lighter, n, enowel (f), enowellow (pl); cuner (m), loft, n, soler (m), soleryow (pl). cunoryon (pl). log, I n, prenn (m), prennyer (pl); predn (m, RLC), lighthouse, n, golowjy (m), golowjiow (pl). prednyer (pl, RLC); kyf (m), kyfyow (pl); II vb, log in, lightning, n, luhesen (f), luhes (coll). vb phr, omgelmy; log out, vb phr, omdenna; like, I adj, haval; hevelep; II prp, ave‧l, kepa‧r ha; peca‧r omdedna (RLC). ha (RLC); like that, phr, yndella; like this, phr, lodge, vb, ostya. yndelma; III vb, cara; bos da gans; I like, vb phr, da London, top, Loundres. yw genev; like hell!, phr, malbew damm! long, adj, hir; pell; long ago, adv, nans yw pell; pell likely, adj, gwirhaval. dhe’n eur ma. liken, vb, hevely. longing, n, hireth (f). likewise, adv, keffry‧s; ynwe‧dh; y’we‧dh (RLC). longstone, n, men hir (m), meyn hir (pl). lily, n, lilien (f), lily (coll). look, I n, mir (m); II vb, mires; look at, vb, mires orth; limit, n, fin (f), finyow (pl); finweth (f). look for, vb, whilas; look here!, phr, ottomma!; limb, n, esel (m), esely (pl). ottobma (RLC); look there!, phr, ottena! limp, vb, cloppya; to walk with a limp, phr, bos loose, adj, lows. cloppek; kerdhes yn unn gloppya. loosen, vb, lewsel; lowsel (RLC). limpet, n, brenigen (f), brennik (coll), brednik (coll, lord, n, arludh (m), arlydhy (pl); House of Lords, phr, RLC). Chi an Arlydhy. line, n, linen (f), linennow (pl), linednow (pl, RLC). lorry, n, kert (m), kertow (pl); lorry driver, n, lewyer linen, n, linen (f), lin (coll). kert (m), lewyoryon gert (pl). link, I n, kevren (f), kevrennow (pl), kevrednow (pl, lose, vb, kelly. RLC); II vb, kevrenna, kevredna (RLC). lot, n, (a lot of) meur a2. lintel, n, penn daras (m), pennow daras (pl); pedn loud, adj, uhel; heglew. daras (m, RLC), pednow daras (pl, RLC). lounge, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl). lion, n, lew (m), lewyon (pl); lion cub, n, lewik (m), love, I n, kerensa; kerenja (RLC); II vb, cara. lewesigow (pl); lion tamer, n, dover lewyon (m), lover, n, carer (m), caroryon (pl); carores (f), dovoryon lewyon (pl). caroresow (pl). lioness, n, lewes (f), lewesow (pl). low, adj, down; isel. lip, n, gweus (f), gweusyow (pl), diwweus (dl). lower, I adj, woles; II adv, a-woles; a-is; III vb, iselhe‧. liquid, n, lin (m), linyow (pl); washing-up liquid luck, n, chons (m); feus (m); bad luck, n, mewl (m); (detergent), n, lin sebon (m), linyow sebon (pl). good luck!, phr, chons da! list, n, rol (f), rolyow (pl). luckily, adv, y’n gwella prys. listen, vb, goslowes; listen to, vb phr, goslowes orth. lucky, adj, feusik; fortunnyes; fortudnyes (RC); lit, adj, (lighted) golowys; enowys; gans golow; gans gwynnvys; lucky for me!, phr, gwynn ow bys!; tan. gwydn ow bes! (RLC). literary, adj, liennek; liednek (RLC). lump, n, bothen (m), bothennow (pl), bothednow (pl, literature, n, lien (m). RLC). little, I adj, byhan; bian (RLC); bohes; munys; II n, (a lunch, n, li (f), livyow (pl); (picnic lunch) croust (m), little) nebes (m); III adv, nebes. croustyow (pl).

27 lust, n, lust (m), lustys (pl). mansion, n, plas (m), plassow (pl). -ly, adv part, yn5. manual, I adj, (by hand) dre dhorn; II n, (handbook) cowethlyver (m), cowethlyvrow (pl). M, m manure, n, teyl (m); mon (m). Manx, I adj, manowek; II n, (language) Manowek. many, I adj, lies (before sg. noun); meur a2 (before pl. machine, n, jynn (m), jynnys (pl), jynnow (pl); 2 2 2 answering machine, n, jynn gortheby (m), jynnow noun); lower a (before pl. noun); cals a ; calj a gortheby (pl), jynnys gortheby (pl); ticket machine, (RLC); pals (follows a pl. noun); polta (RLC); many a, n, jynn tokyn (m), jynnow tokyn (pl), jynnys tokyn phr, lower (+sg. noun); many people, phr, lies huny; (pl); washing machine, n, jynn golhy (m), jynnys lies den; many times, adv, liesqweyth, lies gweyth; II golhy (pl), jynnow golhy (pl). prn, lies; as many, adv, keniver; as many as, adv, mackerel, n, brithel (m), brithyly (pl); briel (m), brily kemmys; kebmys (RLC); how many, adv, pes; py lies; (pl). so many, adv, keniver; too many, prn, re. mad, adj, (insane) fol; gorbollek; muscok; mus (RMC); map, n, mappa (m), mappys (pl), mappow (pl). go mad, vb phr, muskegy. marble, n, (stone) marbel (m); (toy) marblen (f), madman, n, fol (m), felyon (pl). marblennow (pl), marblednow (pl, RLC); calesen (f), madam, n, madama (f); ben’vas (f); bednvas (f, RLC). calesennow (pl), calesednow (pl, RLC); clomer (m), made, adj, gwrys; gwres (RLC). clomers (pl). magazine, n, (periodical) lyver termyn (m), lyvrow march, I n, (hike) keskerdh (m), keskerdhow (pl); II vb, termyn (pl); lever termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn keskerdhes. (pl, RLC). March, n, Meurth (m); mis Meurth (m). magician, n, huder (m), hudoryon (pl). mare, n, casek (f), casegy (pl). magpie, n, piesen (f), pies (coll). mark, I n, merk (m), merkys (pl); II vb, merkya. maiden, n, moren (f), morenyow (pl). market, n, marhas (f), marhasow (pl), marhajow (pl, main, adj, penn; pedn (RLC). RLC). mainland, n, dor bras (m); dor broas (m, RLC); tir meur marriage, n, demedhyans (m), demedhyansow (pl); (m). maryach (m), maryajys (pl). mainly, adv, dre vras. married, adj, demedhys; married couple, n, dewbries maintain, vb, menten(y)a. (dl). maize, n, ys wheg (coll); whegys (coll); kernel of maize, maritime, adj, morek; a’n mor; arvor (RLC). n phr, ysen wheg (f); whegysen (f). marry, vb, demedhy; demedha (RLC). majesty, n, meuredh (m); brastereth (f). Mars, name, Meurth (m). make, vb, gul; gwul (RLC); make a plan, vb phr, tewlel marsh, n, hal (f), halow (pl); gwern (f), gwernow (pl); towl; towla (RLC); make amends, vb phr, astivery; keunegen (f, RLC), keunegy (pl, RLC). make haste, vb phr, fistena; make out, vb phr, marvel, n, aneth (m), anethow (pl). attendya; make right, vb phr, amendya; ewna; owna marvellous, adj, marthys; barthek (RLC). (RLC); make someone angry, vb phr, serry nebonan; masculine, adj, (male) gourel; (grammar) gorow. make him come!, phr, gwra dhodho dos!; make use mask, n, mask (m), mascow (pl); visour (m), visours of, vb phr, gul devnydh a2. (pl). mass, n, (bunch) showr (m); bush (m); masses of, phr, maker, n, gwrier (m), gwrioryon (pl). 2 2 make-up, n, (cosmetics) tremliw (m); colors (pl). showr a ; bush a ; (church service) oferen (f), malicious, adj, drogbrederys. oferennow (pl), oferednow (pl, RLC). malt, n, brag (m). massacre, n, gorladhva (f), gorladhvaow (pl). mammal, n, bronnvil (m), bronnviles (pl). master, n, mester (m), mestrysy (pl), mestryjy (pl); man, n, (human being) den (m), tus (pl); (male) den arludh (m), arlydhy (pl). (m), denyon (pl); (husband) gour (m), gwer (pl); mat, n, strel (m), strelyow (pl). (servant), n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl). match, n, (lucifer) tanbren (m), tanbrennyer (pl), Man, top, (Isle of Man) Manow (f); Enys Vanow (f). tanbrednyer (pl, RLC); (sport) fyt (m), fyttys (pl). manage, vb, (run) dyghtya; (m. to do) hedhes. mate, n, (spouse) pries (m. or f), dewbries (dl), priosow manager, n, dyghtyer (m), dyghtyoryon (pl). (pl); (friend) sos (m), sos (pl); coweth (m), cowetha manga, n, (Japanese style comic) manga (m), mangas (pl); cothman (m), cothmans (pl); (one of a pair) (pl). mata (m), matys (pl). mango, n, mango (m), mangos (pl). material, n, daffar (coll); stoff (coll); pyth (m), peth (m, mankind, n, mab den (m); denses (m). RLC), pethow (pl); devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl). manly, adj, gourel. mathematics, n, awgrym (m); mathematik (m). manner, n, maner (f), manerow (pl), maners (pl); fordh matter, I n, mater (m), maters (pl); pyth (m), peth (m, (f), fordhow (pl); for’ (f, RLC), for’ow (pl, RLC). RLC), pethow (pl); II vb, bernya; it doesn’t matter,

28 phr, ny vern; na fors; it doesn’t matter to me, phr, campol; campolla; compla (RLC); tochya. ny’m deur; no matter, phr, na fors; what’s the menu, n, (restaurant) rol voos (f), rolyow boos (pl); matter?, phr, pandr’a wher? (computer) rol (f), rolyow (pl); menu tree, n, maxim, n, poynt a skians (m), poyntys a skians (pl). rolwedhen (f). may, vb, re; may you be happy, phr, re bi lowen (sg), re merchant, n, marchont (m), marchons (pl); marhador bowgh lowen (pl); lowena re’fo (sg), lowena re’gas (m), marhadoryon (pl); marhadores (f), bo (pl); may he never... , phr, bynner re2 ... ; bydner marhadoresow (pl); gwicor (m), gwicoryon (pl). re2 (RLC); may he never die, phr, bynner re varwo. Mercury, name, Merher (m). May, n, Me (m); mis Me (m); May Day, n, Cala’ Me (m). mercy, n, tregeredh (f), tregeredhow (pl); mercy (m). maybe, adv, martesen. merge, vb, kesunya. mayor, n, mer (m), meryon (pl). merry, adj, lowenek; heudh; mery. me, prn, vy; ma (enclitic); of me, prp prn, ahanav; to mess, n, strol (m); dera‧y (m); in a mess, phr, yn dera‧y. me, prp prn, dhymm; dhybm (RLC); with me prn, message, n, messach (m), messajys (pl); instant prp, genev; genama (RLC). message, I n, messach desempis (m), messajys mead, n, (drink) medh (m). desempis (pl); II vb, messajya desempis. meadow, n, pras (m), prasow (pl); budhyn (m), messenger, n, cannas (f), cadnas (f, RLC), canasow (pl). budhynnow (pl), budhydnow (pl, RLC). metal, n, alcan (m); metol (m). meal, n, (repast) boos (m); meal taken to work, n, metre, n, meter (m), metrow (pl). croust (m), croustyow (pl); meal time, n, prys (m), midday, n, hanter dydh (m); hanter dedh (m, RLC). presyow (pl); pres (m, RLC), prejyow (pl, RLC). middle, n, cres (m); in the middle of, prp, yn mysk; yn mean, vb, styrya; menya. mesk (RLC). meaning, n, styr (m), styryow (pl); mening (m). midge, n, gwibesen (f); gwibes (coll). means, n, (method) mayn (m); (funds) pygans (m); midnight, n, hanter nos (f). pegans (m, RLC); by means of, prp, der; dre2. midst, n, mysk (m); mesk (m, RLC); in the midst of, prp, meantime, adv, kettermyn; in the meantime, phr, y’n yn mysk; en mesk (RLC). kettermyn (na); e’n men termyn (RLC). Midsummer, n, Golowan (m). meanwhile, adv, y’n kettermyn (na); e’n men termyn might, n, gallos (m); nerth (m), nerthyow (pl). (RLC). mighty, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC); crev. measure, n, (extent) musur (m); tape measure, n, mild, adj, (weather) clor. musurel (f), musurellow (pl). mile, n, mildir (m), mildiryow (pl). meat, n, kig (m), kigyow (pl). milk, I n, leth (m); II vb, godra. mechanic, n, jynnweythor (m), jynnweythoryon (pl); Milky Way, n, Hyns Sen Jamys (m); Hens Jamys Sans jynner (m), jynoryon (pl). (m, RLC). medicine, n, (medication) medhegneth (f), mill, n, melin (f), melinyow (pl), melidnyow (pl, RLC). medhegnethow (pl); (science) medhegieth (f); fysek miller, n, meliner (m), melinoryon (pl). (f, RLC). millhouse, n, melinjy (m), melinjiow (pl). medium, adj, cresek; creswedhek. millimetre, n, milimeter (m), milimetrow (pl); abbr, meet, vb, metya; dos erbynn; dos warbydn (RLC); meet mm. someone (going the same direction as yourself), million, n, milvil2 (m), milvilyow (pl); milyon (m), phr, metya gans nebonan; (going in the opposite milyonow (pl). direction), phr, metya orth nebonan. mind, n, brys (m); bres (m, RLC); I don’t mind, phr, ny meeting, n, cuntelles (m), cuntelesow (pl); meeting of vern dhymm; ny’m deur; never mind, phr, ny vern; bards, n, gorsedh (f), gorsedhow (pl). state of mind, n phr, cher (m). megabyte, n, megabayt (m), megabaytys (pl); abbr, MB. mine, I prn, ow huny; peth vy (RLC); it’s mine, phr, melancholy, n, moredh (m), moredhow (pl). dhymm yw; dhybm ew (RLC); my a’n pyw (m), my melon, n, melon (m), melonyow (pl). a’s pyw (f); II n, bal (m), balyow (pl); mine-waste, n, melt, vb, teudha; teudhy. atal (coll); mine-working, n, whel (m), whelyow (pl); member, n, esel (m), esely (pl). opencast mine, n, mongleudh (m), mongleudhyow memory, n, cov (m), covyow (pl); in memory of, phr, er (pl); coffin mine (excavated on a lode), n, cohyn (m), cov; memory stick, n, kyv cov (m), kyvyon cov (pl). cohynnow (pl); coffen (m), coffednow (pl, RLC). men, n pl, (males) gwer (pl); (people) tus (pl); miner, n, den bal (m), tus bal (pl). (servants) gwesyon (pl). mingle, vb, kemysca. mend, vb, ewna; owna (RLC). minister, n, menyster (m), menystrys (pl). menhir, n, men hir (m), meyn hir (pl). mint, n, (herb) menta (f); (money) batty (m), battiow menstruation, n, termyn an mis (m); amseryow (pl); (pl); bathva (f), bathvaow (pl). misyow (pl). minus (mathematical operator), prp, marnas. mention, I n, campol (m), campollow (pl); II vb, minute, I adj, munys; II n, (time) mynysen (f),

29 mynysennow (pl), mynysednow (pl, RLC); mynys Monday, n, Lun (m); dy’Lun (m); de’Lun (m, RLC); (coll); (of meeting) covnotyans (m), covnotyansow Monday night, n phr, dy’Lun dhe nos. (pl). money, n, mona (coll); arhans (m); money box, n, argh miracle, n, marthus (m), marthusyon (pl). vona (f), arhow mona (pl); cofrik erbys (m), mirror, n, gweder (m), gwedrow (pl); gweder mires cofrigow erbys (pl). (m), gwedrow mires (pl); mirour (m), mirours (pl). monk, n, managh (m), menegh (pl). mirth, n, lowender (m). monkey, n, sim (m), simes (pl). misdemeanour, n, badober (m), badoberow (pl). monster, n, euthvil (m), euthviles (pl); tebelvest (m), misery, n, anken (m), ankenyow (pl); ponvos (m). tebelvestes (pl). misfortune, n, anfeus (f). month, n, mis (m), misyow (pl). miss, I n, (young woman) damsel (f), damsels (pl); Miss monthly, adj, misyek; misek. (title of address), mestres; abbr, Mres (f); II vb, (fail monument (of stone), n, men cov (m); meyn cov (pl). to hit) fyllel a weskel; miss a train, vb phr, kelly tren; mood, n, cher (m); in a bad mood, phr, drog pes; in a miss someone, vb phr, yeuny nebonan; bos trist good mood, phr, pes da. war-lergh nebonan; I miss you, phr, ty a fyll dhymm moon, n, loor (f), loryow (pl). (sg), whi a fyll dhymm (pl); che a fyll dhybm (sg, moor, n, (marsh) hal (f), halow (pl); (upland) goon (f), RLC), whei a fyll dhybm (RLC). gonyow (pl). missing, adj, something is missing, phr, yma fowt a mop, n, scubel wolhy (f), scubellow golhy (pl). neppy‧th; ma fowt a neppe‧th (RLC); neppy‧th a fyll; moped, n, whil tan (m); whiles tan (pl). neppe‧th a fyll (RLC). moral, adj, moral. mist, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). more, adv, moy; (not) any more, adv, namo‧y (with mistake, n, cammgemeryans (m), cammgemeryansow neg.); more and more, phr, moy ha moy; more or (pl); miskemeryans (m, RLC), miskemeryansow (pl, less, phr, moy po le; more than, phr, moy age‧s; moy RLC). es; moy ave‧l (RLC); hont dhe2 (RLC); no more, adv, mistaken, adj, cammdybys; cabmdybys (RLC); namo‧y (with neg.); once more, adv, unnweyth arta; miskemerys (RLC). eneth arta (RLC). mistreat, vb, tebeldyghtya. moreover, adv, keffry‧s; keffre‧s (RLC); hagenso‧ll mistress, n, (lady of the house) mestres (f), mestresow (RLC); hago‧ll (RLC). (pl); arlodhes (f), arlodhesow (pl); (lover) cares (f), morning, n, myttin (m), myttinyow (pl), myttinnow caresow (pl). (pl); mettin (m, RLC), mettidnow (pl, RLC); (duration misty, adj, niwlek. of time) myttinweyth (m), myttinweythyow (pl); misunderstand, vb, cammgonvedhes; cabmonder- good morning, phr, myttin da; mettin da (RLC); in stondya (RLC). the morning, adv, myttin; myttinweyth; mix, vb, kemysca; cabooly. boragweyth (RLC); morning star, n, Borlowen (f); mixture, n, kemmysk (m); kemysca (m, RLC). the morning after, phr, ternos vyttin; the next mobile telephone, n, clapcodh (f), clapcodhow (pl); morning, phr, ternos vyttin; this morning, phr, pellgowsel (f), pellgowsellow (pl). hedhyw vyttin; an myttin ma; an mettin ma (RLC); mock, vb, gesya; mock someone, vb phr, gul ges a2 tomorrow morning, phr, ternos vyttin; yesterday nebonan. morning, phr, de vyttin. mockery, n, ges (m); make a mockery of, vb phr, gul ges mosquito, n, moskito (m), moskitos (pl). a2 . moss, n, kewny (coll). model, n, (representation) patron (m), patronyow (pl). most, adv, moyha; mogha; for the most part, phr, dre modem, n, modem (m), modems (pl). vras. modern, adj, arnowyth; noweja (RLC). moth, n, godhan (m), godhanes (pl). modest, adj, isel; uvel. mother, n, mamm (f), mammow (pl); mabm (f, RLC), moist, adj, glyb; gleb (RLC). mabmow (pl, RLC); dama (f), damyow (pl); moisten, vb, glybya; dowrya. grandmother, n, mamm wynn (f), mammow gwynn moisture, n, glybor (m). (pl); mabm wydn (f, RLC), mabmow gwydn (pl, RLC); mole, n, (animal) godh (f), godhow (pl); go’dhor (f), dama wydn (f, RLC), damyow gwydn (pl, RLC); godhow dor (pl); (on skin) plustren (f), plustrennow mother-in-law, n, wheger (f), whegrow (pl). (pl), plustrednow (pl, RLC); taysh (m, RLC), tayshes motocross, n, resek jynn diwros. (pl, RLC). motor, n, jynn (m), jynnys (pl), jynnow (pl); motor moment, n, pols (m), polsyow (pl), poljyow (pl, RLC); racing, n, resek kerry. tecken (f, RLC), teckednow (pl, RLC); at the moment, motorboat, n, scath tan (f), scathow tan (pl). phr, y’n pols ma. motorcar, n, carr tan (m), kerry tan (pl). momentum, n, momentom (m). motorcycle, n, jynn diwros (m), jynnys diwros (pl), monastery, n, managhty (m), managhtiow (pl). jynnow diwros (pl).

30 motorway, n, gorfordh (f), gorfordhow (pl); gorfor’ (f, Moslemesow (f, pl). RLC), gorfor’ow (pl, RLC). mussel, n, mesclen (f), meskel (coll); beslen (f, RLC), mould, n, (fungus) cosk (m); (for casting) furv (f), besel (coll, RLC). furvyow (pl), furvow (pl). must, vb, res; I must ... , phr, res yw dhymm ... ; res ew mouldy, adj, loos; go mouldy, vb phr, cosca; losy. dhybm (RLC); my a res ... ; bysy yw dhymm ... ; besy mound, n, crug (m), crugow (pl); bern (m), bernow ew dhybm (RLC); my a dal ... . (pl). mustard, n, kedhow (m); mostard (m, RLC). mount, vb, yskynna; crambla. mutation, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). mountain, n, menydh (m), menedh (m, RLC), mute, adj, omlavar; avlavar. menydhyow (pl). {Note: RLC form often reduced to my, pro, ow3; ma3 (RLC; mutation affects p and t only). mena in place-names.} myself, prn, ow honan. mountaineer, n, menedhyer (m), menedhyoryon (pl). mystery, n, kevrin (m), kevrinyow (pl); mystery (m, mournful, adj, trist. RLC), mysteris (pl, RLC). mourning, n, kynvan (m). mouse, n, logosen (f), logos (coll). N, n moustache, n, minvlew (m). mouth, n, (part of body) ganow (m), ganowow (pl); nail, n, (carpentry) kenter (f), kentrow (pl); min (m), minyow (pl), minow (pl), minyon (pl); (of a (fingernail) ewin (m), ewines (pl); river) aber (m), aberyow (pl); mouth organ, n, naked, adj, noth. harmonica (m), harmonicas (pl). name, n, hanow (m), henwyn (pl); in the name of, prp, mouthful, n, ganowas (m), ganowasow (pl). a-barth; ’bar’ (RLC); put your name down, phr, ri move, vb, (move about) gwaya; movya; move away, vb, dha hanow; what is your name?, phr, pyth yw dha pellhe‧. hanow? pandr’yw dha hanow? py hanow os ta? movement, n, movyans (m), movyansow (pl); gwayans name, vb, henwel; creia (RLC). (m), gwayansow (pl); (political) movyans (m), named, adj, henwys; creiys (RLC). movyansow (pl). nanny, n, magores (f), magoresow (pl). Mr, n, Mester (m); abbr, Mr. nap, n, gogosk (m), gogoscow (pl). Mrs, n, Mestres (f); abbr, Mres. napkin, n, lien diwla (m), lienyow diwla (pl); qwethyn Ms, n, Mestres (f); abbr, Mres. 2 (m), qwethynnow (pl). much, adv, pals (follows a pl. noun); polta; meur a nappy, n, lien baban (m), lienyow baban (pl); lysten (f), (with sg. noun); (not) much, adv, nameu‧r (with lystennow (pl). neg.); as much as, adv, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); narrow, adj, cul; ynn; ydn (RLC). kekemmys; kekebmys (RLC); how much (of), adv, 2 2 nation, n, ke‧nedhel (f), kenedhlow (pl); nacyon (m), pygemmys; pegebmys (RLC); pyseu‧l a ; peseu‧l a nacyons (pl). (RLC); so much, adv, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); seul; 2 national, adj, kenedhlek. too much, prn, re (a ); very much, phr, ithik tra native, I adj, genesik; genejik (RLC); (indigenous) (RLC). teythyek; II n, genesik (m), genesigyon (pl); (local) mud, n, leys (m); pri (m); prei (m, RLC). teythyek (m), teythyogyon (pl); native to Cornwall, multiply, vb, lieshe‧; multiplied by, vb phr, lieshe‧s phr, a2 Gernow; native speaker, n phr, cowser a gans. vyhan (n), cowsoryon a vyhan (pl). mum, n, (mother) mammik (f), mamigow (pl). natural, adj, naturel; gnasek. mumps, n, penn sagh (m). nature, n, (natural world) natur (f); (personality) gnas municipality, n, burjestra (f), burjestrevow (pl). (f), gnasow (pl); (human nature) natureth (f). murder, n, moldrans (m), moldransow (pl); murder naughty, adj, drog. (m). near, adj, ogas; nearer, cmp, nes; nearest, sup, nessa; murder, vb, moldra; ladha. near at hand, phr, dhe dhorn (RLC); near to, prp, murky, adj, tewal; tewl. ogas dhe2; ryb; reb (RLC). murmur, n, hanas (m), hanasow (pl); hanajen (f, RLC), nearby, adv, yn ogas; dhe dhorn. hanajednow (pl, RLC). nearly, adv, namna, namnag (with vb.); ogas (with muscle, n, keheren (f), keher (coll). adj.); ogas ha (with n.); ogasti‧; ogatti‧; pur ogas muscular, adj, keherek. (RLC). museum, n, gwithty (m), gwithtiow (pl). necessary, adj, res; absolutely necessary, phr, res mushroom, n, scavel gronek (f), scavellow cronek (pl). porres; if necessary, phr, mars yw res, mar po res; it music, n, ilow (f); musik (f); instrumental music, n, is necessary, phr, res yw. menestrouthy (m). necessity, n, odhom (m), odhommow (pl), odhobmow musician, n, ilewydh (m), ilewydhyon (pl). (pl, RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow (pl, RMC); Muslim, n, Moslem (m), Moslemyon (pl); Moslemes (f), of necessity, adv, porres.

31 neck, n, conna (m), codna (m, RLC), conaow (pl). night, n, nos (f), nosow (pl); (duration), n, nosweyth necklace, n, delk (m), delcow (pl). (m), nosweythyow (pl); at night, adv, nosweyth; in necktie, n, colm conna (m), colmow conna (pl); colm the night, phr, yn termyn an nos; last night, adv, codna (m, RLC), colmow codna (pl, RLC). nyhewer; tonight, adv, haneth; just before night need, n, odhom (m), odhommow (pl), odhobmow (pl, falls, phr, haneth dhe nos. RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow (pl, RMC); I nightclub, n, club nos (m), clubbys nos (pl); kist nos (f), need (something), phr, odhom/edhom a’m beus a2 kistyow nos (pl). (neppy‧th); I need to ..., phr, res yw dhymm ...; res nightdress, n, pows nos (f), powsyow nos (pl). ew dhybm; my a res ...; bysy yw dhymm ...; besy ew nightjar, n, (bird) churra nos (m), churrys nos (pl); dhybm (RLC). dorhok (m, RLC), dorhokys (pl, RLC). needle, n, naswydh (f), naswedhow (pl); najedh (f, nightmare, n, hulla (m), hulevow (pl); hunlev (m, RLC), najedhow (pl, RLC). RMC), hunlevow (pl, RMC). needy, adj, odhommek; odhobmek (RLC); edhommek nightshirt, n, crys nos (m), crysyow nos (pl). (RMC); needy person, n, odhommek (m), odhobmek nil, n, mann (m). (m, RLC), odhomogyon (pl); edhommek (m, RMC), nimble, adj, scav. edhomogyon (pl, RMC). nine, num, naw. neighbour, n, kentrevek (m), kentrevogyon (pl); nineteen, card num, nownsek; nownjek (RLC). kentrevoges (f), kentrevogesow (pl). nineteenth, ord num, nownsegves; nownjegves (RLC); neither, prn, nane‧yl; neither ... nor ..., phr, na … na …; abbr, 19ves. nane‧yl ... na ... . ninetieth, ord num, degves ha peswar-ugens; degves ha nephew, n, noy (m), noyens (pl). pajar-ugens (RLC); abbr, 90ves. nerve, n, nerven (f), nervennow (pl), nervednow (pl, ninety, card num, deg ha peswar-ugens; deg ha pajar- RLC). ugens (RLC). nervous, adj, nervus. ninth, ord num, nawves; nawhes (RLC); abbr, 9ves. nest, n, neyth (m), neythow (pl). no, int, na; (emphatic) nantei‧ (RLC); (negative answer net, n, roos (f), rosow (pl). to a question) na2 (+Verb); no longer, adv, na fella netbook, n, (portable computer) roslyver (m), (with neg.); no matter, phr, na fors; no more, adv, roslyvrow (pl). namo‧y (with neg.); no smoking, phr, megy Netherlands, top, Iseldiryow (pl). difennys; no-one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); den nettle, n, linasen (f), linas (coll). vyth (m,with neg.); den veth (RLC). {Note: In RMC, network, n, rosweyth (m), rosweythyow (pl). ‘yes’ as an answer to yes/no questions is usually never, adv, (in the past), bythqweth (with neg.); expressed by repeating the verb in the question.} byscath (RLC, with neg.); (in the pres. or future) noble, adj, nobyl; bryntin; brentin (RLC); pednsyvik nevra (with neg.); (any time) jammes; (negative (RLC). optative) bynner; bydner (RLC); may he never do ..., nobody, prn, den vyth (m, with neg.); den veth (RLC). phr, bynner re wrello ...; never mind, phr, ny vern. noise, n, tros (m), trosyow (pl); son (m), sonyow (pl). nevermore, adv, nevra namo‧y (with neg.). none, prn, nagonan (with neg.); den vyth (m, with nevertheless, adv, byttegy‧ns; bettege‧ns (RLC). neg.); den veth (RLC). new, adj, nowyth. nonetheless, adv, byttele‧. newly, adv, nowyth. noon, n, hanter dydh (m); hanter dedh (m, RLC). news, n, nowodhow (pl); news about, n phr, nowodhow nor, conj, na (before consonants), nag (before vowels). orth. normal, adj, normal. newsletter, n, lyther nowodhow (m), lytherow north, n, north (m); noor (m, RLC); cledh (m); nowodhow (pl); lether nowodhow (m, RLC), cledhbarth (m); north-east, n, north-est (m); north- letherow nowodhow (pl, RLC). west, n, north-west (m). newspaper, n, paper nowodhow (m), paperyow nose, n, tron (m), tronyow (pl); frigow (pl. used as sg.; nowodhow (pl). RLC). newt, n, pedrevan (f); pedrevannes (pl); peswarpaw nostalgia, n, hireth (f). (m), peswarpawes (pl); pajarpaw (m, RLC), not, ptl, ny2, nyns (used in most main clauses); na2, nag pajarpawes (pl, RLC). (used in RMC with imperatives and in relative next, adj, nessa; next to, prp, nes dhe2; ryb; reb (RLC); clauses; used in RLC with all types of clauses); not at the next day, adv, ternos; the next morning, phr, all, phr, vytho‧ll (with neg.); not far, phr, neppe‧ll; ternos vyttin; nessa mettin (RLC); next door, phr, not one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); not yet, phr, na y’n nessa chi; e’n nessa chei (RLC). whath (with neg.); that ... not, conj, na, nag. nice, adj, wheg. notable, adj, notyes, notys; nosedhek; nojejek (RLC). niece, n, nith (f), nithow (pl); noyth (f, RLC), noythes note, I n, noten (f), notennow (pl), notednow (pl, RLC); (pl, RLC). take note of, vb phr, bydh avisys a2 (sg), bedhewgh

32 avisys a2 (pl); bedh avisyes a2 (sg, RLC), bedhowgh obey, vb, obaya. avisyes a2 (pl, RLC); II vb, notya; (be aware of) object, n, (thing) tra (n), taclow (pl), traow (pl); (goal) attendya; (notice) merkya. medras (m). notebook, n, lyver notennow (m), lyvrow notennow obscure, adj, tewl. (pl); lever notednow (m, RLC), levrow notednow (pl, observe, vb, mires (orth). RLC); scriflyver (m), scriflyvrow (pl); scriflever (m), obtain, vb, cavos; obtaynya. scriflevrow (pl); scriflever (m, RLC), scriflevrow (pl, obvious, adj, ape‧rt; hewel. RLC). occasion, n, treveth (f), trevethow (pl); gweyth (f), nothing, prn, mann (m, with neg.); tra vyth (m, with gweythyow (pl); prys (m), pres (m, RLC), presyow neg.); tra veth (RLC). (pl); kentel (m), kentelyow (pl). notice, I n, (advertisement) argemmyn (m), occasional, adj, treweythus. argemynnow (pl); argebmyn (m, RLC), argemydnow occasionally, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC). (pl, RLC); takes no notice (of), phr, ny wra vri (orth); occur, vb, wharvos. II vb, merkya. ocean, n, keynvor (m), keynvoryow (pl). notion, n, (idea) tybyans (m), tybyansow (pl); sians (m, October, n, Hedra (m); mis Hedra (m). RLC), siansow (pl, RLC). octopus, n, collel lesa (f), kelylly lesa (pl). noun, n, hanow (m), henwyn (pl). odd, adj, (strange) coynt; (number) dibarow. nourish, vb, maga. of, prp, a2; of course, phr, heb mar; of late, adv, a- novel, I adj, nowyth; II n, romans (m), romansow (pl); gynsow; a-gensow (RLC). novel (m), novelys (pl). of that kind, phr, a’n par na; of this kind, phr, a’n par November, n, Du (m); mis Du (m). ma; by means of, prp, der; for the purpose of, prp, now, adv, lemmyn; lebmyn (RLC); y’n eur ma; it is rag; for the sake of, conj, awo‧s; ’wos (RLC); rag now ... (ago), ptl, nans yw ...; nany yw (RLC); now kerensa; rag kerenja (RLC); in memory of, phr, er and again, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC); cov; er co’ (RLC); in place of, phr, yn le; in spite of, now and then, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow conj, awo‧s; ’wos (RLC); spit dhe2; in the middle of, (RLC); up till now, phr, bys y’n eur ma; bet e’n eur prp, yn mysk; in the name of, prp, a-barth (dhe2); in ma (RLC). the presence of, prp, a-rag; instead of, phr, yn le; lots nowhere, adv, tyller vyth (with neg.); teller veth (RLC). of ..., phr, meur a2 ...; pals ... (follows a pl. noun); nude, adj, noth. masses of ..., phr, showr a2 ...; bosh a2 ...; on behalf of, nuisance (thing) pla (m), plaow (pl); (person), n, mab prp, a-barth (dhe2); out of, prp, yn-mes a2. an pla (m); myrgh an pla (f); begel (m, RLC), off, I adj, (switched off) marow; switch off, vb, begelyow (pl, RLC). sqwychya yn farow; sqwychya yn-mes; ladha; II prp, number, n, niver (m), niverow (pl); nomber (m), (away) dhe-ves; yn kerdh, ker’ (RLC); I’m off, phr, nombers (pl); myns (m); mens (m, RLC); telephone voyda’ma. number, n, niver pellgowser (m), niverow offend, vb, offendya; (commit a crime) peha; (disgust) pellgowser (pl); niver fon (m, RLC); niverow fon (pl, divlasa. RLC). offer, I n, kynnik (m), kynigow (pl); II vb, profya; numeral, n, niveren (f), niverennow (pl), niverednow kynnik; offra. (pl, RLC). offering, n, ro (m), rohow (pl), royow (pl, RLC); (in numerous, adj, niverus; pals (follows a pl. noun); lies. church) oferen (f), oferennow (pl). nurse, n, clavjior (m), clavjioryon (pl); clavjiores (f), office, n, (workplace) sodhva (f), sodhvaow (pl); (job) clavjioresow (pl). soodh (f), sodhow (pl); post office, n, lytherva (f), nursery school, n, scol veythrin (f), scolyow meythrin lythervaow (pl); the Post Office, n, Sodhva an Post (pl). (f). nut, n, knowen (f), knofen (f, RLC), know (coll); peanut, official, adj, sodhogel. n, knowen dor (f), knofen dor (f, RLC), know dor often, adv, menowgh; yn fenowgh; liesqweyth, lies (coll); walnut, n, knowen Frynk (f), knofen Frenk (f, gweyth; lower gweyth; as often (as), phr, pesqweyth RLC), know Frynk (coll). (may5) (followed by vb.). oh, int, (vocative) a2 {Does not mutate “foreign” names.}; O, o (alas) out; agh; ogh; oh dear!, phr, soweth; oh hell!, phr, jowl! O, prt, (vocative particle) a2. {Does not mutate “foreign” oil, n, oyl (m), oylys (pl); oil can, n, podik oyl (m), names.} podigow oyl (pl); oil tanker, n, tanker oyl (m), o’clock, adv, eur (f); er glogh (RLC). tankeryow oyl (pl); olive oil, n, olew (m). oak, n, derwen (f), derowen (f), derow (coll); dar (m), OK, adj, da lowr. dery (pl). old, adj, coth; hen (precedes a noun, archaic); grow oar, n, rev (f), revow (pl). old, vb, cothhe‧.

33 olive, n, oliven (f), oliv (coll); olive oil, n, olew (m). tybyansow (pl); (f), cussulyow (pl); give an opinion, omelette, n, omlet (m), omlettow (pl); crampothen (f, vb phr, ri breus; rei breus (RLC); hold an opinion, vb RLC), crampothednow (pl, RLC). phr, tyby; in my opinion, phr, dhe’m brys vy. on, I adj, (switched on) byw; bew (RLC); switch on, vb, opportunity, n, spas (m). sqwychya yn fyw; enowy; II adv, (onward) a-rag; oppose, vb, eneby. ’rag (RLC); yn-rag; III prp, war2; yn; en (RLC); on opposite, I adj, conter; II prp, a-dal; ’doal (RLC). behalf (of), prp, a-barth (dhe2); on foot, adv, a-droos; opposition, n, enebieth (f); gorthter (m). on purpose, adv, a-borpos; on Sunday, adv, oppress, vb, arwasca; compressa. Sulgweyth; on the contrary, phr, yn gorthenep; y’n oppression, n, arwask (m). contrary part; dhe’n contrary; on the bottom, adv, or, conj, po; bo; either ... or ..., phr, po ... po ...; or else, a-woles; on the left, adv, a-gledh; on the right, adv, conj, poke‧n. a-dhyhow; on the other hand, phr, yn fordh aral; on orange, I adj, (colour) rudhvelyn; II n, (fruit) owraval time, adv, a-brys; a-bres (RLC); on top, adv, a- (m), owravalow (pl). wartha; come on, phr, deus yn-rag (sg), deun yn-rag oration, n, areth (f), arethyow (pl). (1pl), dewgh yn-rag (2pl); go on, phr, ke yn-rag (sg), orator, n, arethor (m), arethoryon (pl). deun yn-rag (1pl), kewgh yn-rag (2pl). orchard, n, avalennek (f), avalenegy (pl), avalenegow once, adv, unnweyth; eneth (RLC); once more, adv, (pl); leur lavalow (m, RLC). (unnweyth) arta; at once, adv, desempis; whare‧; order, I n, (arrangement) aray (m), arayys (pl); scon. (command) gorhemmyn (m), gorhemynnow (pl); one, I card num, onan; onen; (before noun) unn; udn gorebmen (m, RLC), goremednow (pl, RLC); (RLC) {unn/udn lenites a following fem. noun,}; II prn, arhadow (m), arhadowyow (pl); (organisation) urdh onan; onen; huny (used after pub, lies, and kettep); (f), urdhyow (pl); (purchase) arhadow (m), one of two, prn, eyl; one another, phr, an eyl y gila arhadowyow (pl); (rank) order (m), orders (pl); (m); an eyl hy ben (f); one another (reciprocal (religious), ordyr (m), ordyrs (pl); in order to, prp, prefix for verbs), prf, om-; oneself (reflexive prefix rag; II vb, (command) gorhemmyn; gorebma (RLC); for verbs), prf, om-; another one, phr, onan aral; ken comondya; (arrange in order) araya; (request, onan; everyone, prn, peub; pob (RLC); no-one, prn, purchase) erhy; set in order, vb, kempenna; nagonan (with neg.); den vyth (m, with neg.); den kempedna (RLC). veth (RLC); not one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); other ordinary, adj, kemmyn; kebmyn (RLC); sempel; lies ones, phr, re erel; ken re; that one, prn, henna (m); (RLC). honna (f); the one, phr, neb (referring to a person); organ, n, (music) organ (m), organs (pl); mouth organ, an onan; an huny; an eyl (one of two); the one ... the n, harmo‧nica (m), harmo‧nicas (pl). other (f), phr, an eyl ... y gila (m); an eyl ... hy ben (f); organisation, n, cowethyans (m), cowethyansow (pl); the ones, phr, an re; the other ones, phr, an re erel; (abstract) restr(y)ans (m), restr(y)ansow (pl). these ones, phr, an re ma; this one, prn, hemma (m); organise, vb, restra; ordena; orna. homma (f); hebma (m, RLC), hobma (f, RLC); those origin, n, devedhyans (m), devedhyansow (pl); dalleth ones, phr, an re na. (m), dalla (m, RLC), dalethow (pl). onion, n, onyonen (f), onyon (coll). originate, vb, dalleth. on-line, adj, warlinen. ostrich, n, strus (m), strusyow (pl). only, I adj, unn; unnik; udn (RLC); udnik (RLC); the other, adj, aral (sg), erel (pl); ken (precedes noun); only book, n phr, an unn lyver; an udn lever (RLC); another, adj, ken (precedes noun); another one, phr, only child, n, flogh unnik; flogh udnik (RLC); II adv, onan aral; ken onan; each other, phr, an eyl y gila hepke‧n; yn unnik; en udnik (RLC); unnweyth; (m); an eyl hy ben (f); every other day, phr, (every eneth (RLC); only two boox, phr, marnas dew lyver; second day) pub nessa dydh; (every day but today) dew lyver yn unnik; if I could only get ..., phr, pub dydh aral; pub unn jorna; pub udn jorna (RLC); unnweyth a caffen ...; she has only one dog, phr, on the other hand, phr, y’n fordh aral; y’n contrary nyns eus dhedhy marnas unn ki; nynj eus dhedhy part; y’n barth aral; one another, phr, an eyl y gila ma’s udn kei (RLC). (m); an eyl hy ben (f); the one ... the other (f), phr, onward, adv, yn-rag. an eyl ... y gila (m); an eyl ... hy ben (f); the other open, I adj, ygor; (of land) gwastas; II vb, ygery; ’gery ones, phr, an re erel. (RLC). otherwise, I adv, ken; I cannot do otherwise (than) ..., opencast mine, n, mongleudh (m), mongleudhyow phr, ny allav gul ken (es) ...; II conj, poke‧n; (pl). otherwise I will go, phr, poke‧n yth av. openly, adv, ape‧rt; o‧penly. our, prn, agan; ’gan (RLC). operate, vb, obery. ourselves, prn, agan honan. operation, n, oberyans (m), oberyansow (pl). out, adv, yn-mes; mes; a-ves; out of, prp, yn-mes a2; cry opinion, n, breus (m); brys (m); tybyans (m), out, vb, garma; put out, vb, (expel) gorra yn-mes;

34 (extend) ystyn; (extinguish) difudhy. painting, n, (picture) lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl); outcome, n, sywyans (m); diwedh (m). liwyans (m), liwyansow (pl). outside, I adj, yn-mes; mes; a-ves; II adv, (looking) war- pair, n, copel (m), coplow (pl). ves; look outside, phr, mir war-ves (sg), mirewgh pal, n, sos (m), sos (pl). war-ves (pl); III prp, (location) a-ves (dhe2); yn-mes palace, n, palys (m), palesyow (pl), palesys (pl). (a2); (except for) a-der; a-dar; outside the town, phr, pale, adj, disliw. a-ves dhe’n dre. palm, n, (of hand) palv (f), palvow (pl); (tree) outstanding, adj, meur y vri; dres ehen; pednsyvik palmwedhen (f), palmwydh (coll), palmwedh (coll, (RLC). RLC). oval, n, hirgylgh (m), hirgylghyow (pl). pan, n, padel (f), padellow (pl). oven, n, forn (f), fornow (pl). pancake, n, crampothen (f), crampoth (coll). over, I adj, (ended) diwedhys; (more than) moy age‧s; panda, n, panda (m), pandas (pl). moy es; moy ’vel (RLC); hons; II prp, a-ugh; dres; pane, n, qwarel (m), qwarels (pl). hons (dhe2); over here, adv, hons obma (RLC); over panel, n, panel (m), panellow (pl). there, adv, dres ena; enos; yn-hons; hons ena (RLC); pang, n, gloos (f), glosow (pl). cross over, vb, treusy; pass over, vb, treusy. pantry, n, talgel (f), talgellow (pl). over-, prf, gor-. pants, n, (underpants) lavrek byhan (m), lavrogow overcoat, n, mantel (f), mentylly (pl). byhan (pl); islavrek (m), islavrogow (pl). overgrown, adj, gordevys. paper, n, paper (m), paperyow (pl); paper chain, n, overhead, adv, a-vann; a-vadn (RLC). cadon baper (f), cadonyow paper (pl); paper hat, n, overseas, adj, tramo‧r. hat paper (m), hattow paper (pl). overthrow, vb, domwhel. parachute, n, lammlen (f), lammlennow (pl), owe, vb, tyly. lammlednow (pl, RLC). owl, n, oula (m), oulys (pl); cowan (f), cowannow (pl), paradise, n, paradhis (f). cowadnow (pl, RLC). parasol, n, howllen (f), howllennow (pl), howllednow own, vb, pyw; perhenna, perhedna (RLC); my own, phr, (pl, RLC). ow honan; my own book, phr, ow lyver ow honan. parcel, n, fardel (m), fardellow (pl). owner, n, perhen (m), perhennow (pl), perhednow (pl, parents, n pl, kerens (pl). RLC); perhennek (m), perhednek (m, RLC), parish, n, pluw (f), pluwyow (pl). perhenogyon (pl). park, I n, park (m), parcow (pl); car park, n, park kerry ox, n, ojyon (m), ohen (pl); (young ox, bullock) lonn (m), parcow kerry (pl); II vb, parkya. (m), lonnow (pl); lodn (m, RLC), lodnow (pl, RLC). parliament, n, senedh (m), senedhow (pl); Cornish oyster, n, estren (f), ester (coll). Stannary Parliament, n phr, Konsel Stenegow Kernow; member of parliament (MP), n, esel senedh P, p (m), esely senedh (pl); abbr, ES. parrot, n, pa‧pynjay (m), pa‧pynjays (pl). pace, n, (stride) camm (m), cammow (pl); cabm (m, parsley, n, persilen (f), persil (coll). RLC), cabmow (pl, RLC). parson, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl); person (m), package, n, fardel (m), fardellow (pl). personys (pl). paddle, I n, (for rowing) rev dhewbennek (f), revow part, I n, rann (f), rannow (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow dewbennek (pl); rev debednek (m, RLC), revow (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl); part (m); for the most part, phr, dre vras; II vb, (divide) ranna; radna dewbednek (pl, RLC); II vb, (row) revya. 2 n (RLC); the greater part of, phr, brassa rann a ; brassa page, , (of book) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl, 2 RLC); (boy) paja (m), pajys (pl). radn a (RLC). pain, I n, payn (m), paynys (pl); pon (m), ponyow (pl); participate, vb, kemeres rann; kemeres radn (RLC). pystik (m), pystigow (pl); II vb, payna, paynya. particular, adj, arbennek; arbednek (RLC). painful, adj, tynn; tydn (RLC). particularly, adv, dres oll; yn arbennek; yn arbednek paint, I n, liw (m), liwyow (pl); paynt (m), payntow (RLC); specyly. (pl), payntys (pl); colors (pl, RLC); paint box, n, partnership, n, kescowethyans (m), kescowethyansow kisten liwyow (f), kistennow liwyow (pl), kistednow (pl). liwyow (pl, RLC); paint pot, n, pot paynt (m), pottow party, n, (celebration) kevewy (m), kevewiow (pl); paynt (pl); II vb, (a picture) lymna; (a surface) (political) party (m), partis (pl), partiow (pl). payntya; liwa; face paint, n, paynt bejeth (m), pass, vb, (pass by) tremena; passya; (pass sth. to sbd.) payntow bejeth (pl). ystyn; pass over, vb, treusy; tremena; come to pass, paintbrush, n, scubellik (f), scubeligow (pl). vb, wharvos. painter, n, (artisan) payntyer (m), payntyoryon (pl); passport, n, tremengummyas (m), tremengubmyas (m, (artist) lymner (m), lymnoryon (pl). RLC), tremengumyasow (pl); pasport (m),

35 pasportow (pl). clewes; clowes (RLC). password, n, ger tremena (m), geryow tremena (pl). percent, n, cansran (f), cansrannow (pl), cansradnow past, adj, passys, passyes; the past, phr, an termyn eus (pl, RLC). passys; in the past, phr, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC); percentage, n, cansran (f), cansrannow (pl), yn termyn eus passys. cansradnow (pl, RLC). pasta, n, pasta (coll). perdition, n, argol (m). paste, n, past (m). perfect, adj, perfeyth; flour. pastry, n, (baked pastry), n, hogen (f), hogennow (pl), perform, vb, (an action) obery; (a play or piece of hogednow (pl, RLC). music) gwary. pasty, n, pasty (m), pastiow (pl); whiogen (f), perfume, n, parfum (m); melyseth (m). whiogennow (pl); coffen (f, RLC), coffednow (pl, perhaps, adv, martesen. RLC). period, n, (age) oos (m), osow (pl); ooj (m, RLC), ojow path, n, hyns (m), hens (m, RLC), hensyow (pl). (pl, RLC); (of time), n, spys (m); oos (m), osow (pl); patience, n, perthyans (m). ooj (m, RLC), ojow (pl, RLC); termyn (m), patron saint, n, tassans (m), tassens (pl). termynyow (pl); (menstrual) termyn an mis (m); pause, I n, powes (m); powesva (f); powesvaow (pl); amseryow (pl). hedh (m), hedhow (pl); II vb, powes; hedhy. periodical, n, lyver termyn (m), lyvrow termyn (pl); pavement, n, cons (m), consys (pl), consow (pl). lever termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn (pl, RLC). paw, n, paw (m), pawyow (pl). permission, n, cummyas (m), cubmyas (m, RLC), pay, I n, gober (m), gobrow (pl); II vb, tyly; pe; pay for, cumyasow (pl); with your permission, phr, der dha vb, pe; prena; pay off, vb phr, aqwitya. gummyas (sg), der agas cummyas (pl), der ’gas payment, n, talas (m), talasow (pl). cubmyas (pl, RLC). pea, n, pesen (f), pys (coll), pes (coll, RLC). permit, I n, cummyas (m), cubmyas (m, RLC), peace, n, cres (m). cumyasow (pl); lecyans (m), lecyansow (pl); II vb, peach, n, aval gwlanek (m), avalow gwlanek (pl). gasa; gara (RLC). peacock, n, payon (m), payones (pl). perpetually, adv, anhedhek. peak, n, top (m), toppys (pl). person, n, den (m), tus (pl); (physical body) corf (m), peanut, n, knowen dor (f), knofen dor (f, RLC), know corfow (pl). dor (coll). personal, adj, personel. pearl, n, perl (m), perlys (pl). pet, n, eneval dov (m), enevales dov (pl). pear, n, peren (f), per (coll). petrol (US gasoline), n, petrol (m); menoyl (m); petrol pebble, n, calester (m); bilien (f), bily (coll). pump, n, pomp petrol (m), pompyow petrol (pl); peel, n, kenn (m). petrol station, n, petrolva (f), petrolvaow (pl); peer, n, (friend) coweth (m), cowetha (pl). petrol tanker, n, tanker petrol (m), tankeryow peg, n, (for clothes) ebil (m), ebilyow (pl). petrol (pl). pelican, n, pelican (m), pelicanes (pl). pettycoat, n, golesen (f), golesennow (pl), golesednow pen, n, pluven (f), pluvennow (pl), pluvednow (pl, (pl, RLC). RLC). pharmacy, n, (shop) ferylva (f), ferylvaow (pl). pence, n pl, dinerow (pl). phone, I n, pellgowser (m), pellgowseryow (pl); fon (m, pencil, n, pluven blomm (f), pluvennow plomm (pl); RLC), fons (pl, RLC); phone call, n, galow pellgows pluven blobm (f, RLC), pluvednow plobm (pl, RLC); (m); II vb, pellgewsel; pellgowsel (RLC). pyncel plomm (m), pyncels plomm (pl); pyncel photocopy, I n, liesscrif (m), liesscrifow (pl); II vb, plobm (m, RLC), pyncels plobm (pl, RLC). liesscrifa. penguin, n, penn gwynn (m), pennow gwynn (pl); photograph, n, skeusen (f), skeusennow (pl), pedn gwydn (m, RLC), pednow gwydn (pl, RLC). skeusednow (pl, RLC). penis, n, calgh (m), calghyow (pl); cal (m), calyow (pl). photographer, n, skeusenner (m), skeusedner (m, penknife, n, collel bleg (f), kelylly pleg (pl). RLC), skeusenoryon (pl). penny, n, (coin) dineren (f), dinerennow (pl), physician, n, medhek (m), medhygyon (pl). dinerednow (pl, RLC); (unit of currency) diner (m), physics, n, fysegieth (f). dinerow (pl). piano, n, piano (m), pianos (pl); grand piano, n, piano pension, n, gober omdennans (m), gobrow omdennans bras (m), pianos bras (pl); piano broas (m, RLC), (pl); pensyon (m), pensyons (pl). pianos broas (pl). Pentecost, n, Pencost (m). pick, I n, (tool) pigel (f), pigellow (pl); II vb, (choose) people, n, (nation) pobel (f), poblow (pl); (pl. of dewis; (e.g. flowers) terry; cuntel. person) tus; common people, n pl, gwerin (f). pickles, n pl, scalpyon (pl, RLC). pepper, n, puber (m). picnic lunch, n, croust (m), croustyow (pl). perceive, vb, percevya; (notice) merkya; (sense) picture, n, lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl); liwyans (m),

36 liwyansow (pl). plaster, n, plaster (m), plastrow (pl). pie, n, hogen (f), hogennow (pl), hogednow (pl, RLC); plastic, I adj, hebleth; II n, plastek (m). pastes (m). plate, n, plat (m), platys (pl), platyow (pl); scudel (f, piece, n, tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), RLC), scudellow (pl, RLC). tebmyn (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl). platform, n, (railway platform) cay (m), cayys (pl), pierce, vb, gwana; pychya. cayow (pl). piercing, adj, (sharp) lymm; lebm (RLC); (body mod.), play, I n, gwary (m), gwariow (pl); II vb, (a game) n, pychyans (m), pychyansow (pl). gwary; (an instrument) seny; (a wind instrument) pig, n, hogh (m), hohes (pl); porhel (m), porhelly (pl); whytha. mogh (pl). playdough, n, tos gwary (m). pigeon, n, colom (f), kelemmy (pl), kelebmy (pl, RLC). player, n, gwarier (m), gwarioryon (pl); record player, piglet, n, porhellik (m), porheligow (pl). n, troer plasen (m). pigsty, n, crow mogh (m), crowyow mogh (pl). playground, n, garth gwary (m), garthow gwary (pl). pilchard, n, hernen (f), hern (coll). playing place, n, (plen-an-gwary) plen an gwary (m), pile, n, (heap) pil (m), pilyow (pl); bern (m), bernow plenys an gwary (pl). (pl). pleasant, adj, wheg. pill, n, pelennik (f), pelednik (f, RLC), pelenigow (pl). please, vb, plesya; plegya (dhe2); if you please, phr, mar pillar, n, coloven (f), colovennow (pl), colovednow (pl, pleg; my a’th pys jy; my a’th pe’jy (RLC); dre dha RLC); pyllar (m), pyllars (pl). vodh (sg); dre’gas bodh (pl). pillow, n, pluvek (f), pluvogow (pl). pleased, adj, pes da. pilot, n, lewyader (m), lewyadoryon (pl). pleasing, adj, wheg; jentil; be pleasing (to), vb, plegya pin, n, pynn (m), pynnow (pl). (dhe2). pincers, n pl, pyncer (m). pleasure, n, plesour (m), plesours (pl). pinch, vb, pynchya. plenty, n, plenteth (m); liester (m); plenty of, phr, lowr pineapple, n, pinaval (m), pinavalow (pl). a2 (+ pl. noun); lies (+ sg. noun); in plenty, adv, lowr. pine, n, pinen (f), pin (coll); saben (f), sab (coll). pliers, n pl, geveligow (pl). pink, adj, gwynnrudh; kigliw (RLC). plough, I n, a‧rader (m), e‧reder (pl); II vb, aras. pint, n, pinta (m), pintys (pl). ploughshare, n, colter (m). pipe, n, pib (f), pibow (pl); pibel (f), pibellow (pl). plug, n, (electrical) ebilyer (m), ebilyers (pl), ebilyorow pipe, vb, piba. (pl). pirate, n, morlader (m), morladron (pl). plumber, n, plommer (m), plobmer (m, RLC), pit, n, pyt (m), pyttys (pl); poll (m), pollow (pl); clay plomoryon (pl). pit, n, poll pri (m), pollow pri (pl). plum, n, ploumen (f), ploum (coll). pity, n, truedh (m); pyta (m); have pity on, phr, plural, adj, liesplek. kemeres truedh war2; kemeres truedh a2; take pity plus (mathematical operator), prp, ha(g). on, phr, kemeres truedh war2; kemeres truedh a2. pocket, n, pocket (m), pocketys (pl), pocketow (pl); pizza, n, pizza (m), pizzas (pl). pocket calculator, n, reknel (f), reknellow (pl). place, I n, le (m), leow (pl); tyller (m), tyleryow (pl); podcast, n, podcast (m), podcasts (pl). teller (m, RLC), teleryow (pl, RLC); plas (m), plassow poem, n, bardhonek (m), bardhonogow (pl); can (f), (pl); (at table), plas (m), plassow (pl); high place, n, canow (pl). ardh (m), ardhow (pl); playing place, n, (plen-an- poet, n, prydydh (m), prydydhyon (pl); (bard) bardh gwary) plen an gwary (m), plenys an gwary (pl); in (m), berdh (pl). place of, phr, yn le; take place, vb, wharvos; II vb, poetry, n, bardhonieth (m); prydydhieth (m). settya; gorra. point, n, poynt (m), poyntys (pl); (tip of an object) placed, adj, settyes, settys. bleyn (m), bleynyow (pl); (of land) tron (m), plain, I adj, (unadorned) plen; (to see) ape‧rt; II n, plen tronyow (pl). (m), plenys (pl); goon (f, RLC), gonyow (pl, RLC). poison, n, gwenon (m); gwenwyn (m, RLC). plainly, adv, plenly. poisonous, adj, gwenonek; gwenwynek (RLC). plan, I n, towl (m), towlow (pl); II vb, tewlel towl; towla polar bear, n, ors gwynn (m), orses gwynn (pl); ors (RLC); make a plan, phr, tewlel; towl; towla (RLC). gwydn (m, RLC), orses gwydn (pl, RLC). plane, I n, (tool), n, rask (f), rascow (pl); (aircraft) jynn pole, n, gwelen (f), gwelynny (pl), gwelydny (pl, RLC); ebron (m), jynnys ebron (pl), jynnow ebron (pl); peul (m), peulyow (pl); polyen (f, RLC). ayrplen (m, RLC), ayrplens (pl, RLC); II vb, playnya. police, n, creslu (m); police car, n, carr creslu (m), planet, n, planet (m), planetys (pl), planetow (pl). kerry creslu (pl). plank, n, astel (f), estyl (pl). policeman, n, gwithyas cres (m), gwithysy gres (pl); plant, I n, (bot.) les (m), lesyow (pl); losowen (f), losow creswas (m), creswesyon (pl). (coll); II vb, plansa. policewoman, n, gwithyades gres (f), gwithyadesow

37 cres (pl). (pl). policy, n, policy (m), policis (pl). pour, vb, divery. polite, adj, cortes. poverty, n, bohosogneth (f). political, adj, politek. powder, n, polter (m). politics, n, politegieth (f). power, n, gallos (m); nerth (m), nerthyow (pl). poll, n, (election) votyans (m), votyansow (pl); (survey) powerful, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC); nerthek; sondyans (m), sondyansow (pl). kevothek. pollute, vb, defola; defolya. practical, adj, hewul. pollution, n, defol(y)ans (m). practice, vb, praktisya; omassaya. pond, n, lagen (f), lagennow (pl), lagednow (pl, RLC); praise, vb, praysya. poll (m), pollow (pl). pram, n, pramm (m), prammow (pl). ponder, vb, predery; ombredery. pray, vb, pysy; pejy (RLC). pony, n, hoba (m), hobas (pl). prayer, n, pysadow (m); pejadow (m, RLC). pool, n, poll (m), pollow (pl); swimming pool, n, poll pre- , prf, rag-. neuvya (m), pollow neuvya (pl). preach, vb, pregoth; poroga (RLC). poor, adj, bohosek; bohojek (RLC); poor person, n, precious, adj, drudh. bohosek (m), bohosogyon (pl); bohojek (m, RLC), precise, adj, pora‧n. bohojogyon (pl, RLC). precisely, adv, pora‧n. popcorn, n, ys pop (coll); kernel of popcorn, n, ysen prefer, vb, preferya; I prefer, phr, gwell yw genev; my a pop (f). vedn kens (RLC). pope, n, pab (m), pabow (pl). pregnant, adj, gans flogh; torrek. poppy, n, myll (f), mylles (pl.) prepare, vb, pareusy; parujy (RLC); darbary; fyttya; popular, adj, (of the people) gwerinek. para (RLC); prepare oneself, vb, ombareusy; in population, n, poblans (m), poblansow (pl). preparation for, prp, erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); warby‧ porch, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). nn; warby‧dn (RLC). pork, n, kig porhel (m); kig mogh (m). presence, n, golok (f), gologow (pl); in the presence of, porpoise, n, morhogh (m), morhohes (pl). prp phr, a-rag. porridge, n, yos (m). present, I adj, a-lemmyn; a-lebmyn (RLC); at present, port, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). adv, y’n eur ma; lemmyn; lebmyn (RLC); II n, portable, adj, degadow. (offering) ro (m), rohow (pl), royow (pl, RLC); III vb, portion, n, darnas (m), darnasow (pl); rann (f), rannow (something to someone) ri; rei (RLC); (introduce) (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow (pl, RLC). comendya. possess, vb, pyw; perhenna; perhedna (RLC). presently, adv, y’n eur ma. possession, n, pyth (m), peth (m, RLC), pethow (pl). preserve (from), vb, gwitha (rag). possibility, n, possybylta (m), possybyltas (pl). preserves, n, (jam) kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). possible, adj, possybyl. president, n, lewydh (m), lewydhyon (pl). possibly, adv, martesen. press, I n, gwask (f); II vb, gwasca. post, n, (mail) post (m); post office, n, lytherva (f), pressure, n, poos (m), posow (pl). lythervaow (pl); the Post Office, n, Sodhva an Post pretend, vb, omwul. (f). pretty, adj, teg; pretty thing, n, tegen (f), tegennow postage stamp, n, stamp (m), stampow (pl). (pl). postcard, n, carten bost (f), cartennow post (pl), prevent, vb, lettya; lesta. cartednow post (pl, RLC). previous, adj, kyns; kens (RLC). poster, n, scrisel (f), scrisellow (pl). price, n, pris (m), prisyow (pl); be priced, vb, talvos. postman, n, lytherwas (m), lytherwesyon (pl). priest, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl). pot, n, pot (m), pottys (pl), pottow (pl). primrose, n, briallen (f), brially (coll). potato, n, aval dor (m), avalow dor (pl); tetty (m, RLC), prince, n, pennsevik (m), pennsevigyon (pl); pednsyvik tettys (pl, RLC); patatysen (f), patatys (coll); mashed (m, RLC), pednsyvigyon (pl, RLC). potato, n, aval dor brewys (m), avalow dor brewys princess, n, pennseviges (f), pennsevigesow (pl); (pl); potato chip, n, scomm (m), scommow (pl); pednsyviges (f, RLC), pednsyvigesow (pl, RLC). scobm (m, RLC), scobmow (pl, RLC); asclosen (f), principal, I adj, chyf; II n, (head teacher) asclos (coll); potato crisp, n, cresik (m), cresigow penndhyscador (m), penndhyscadoryon (pl); (pl). pedndhescajor (m, RLC), pedndhescajoryon (pl, potent, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC). RLC). pottery, n, (craft) priweyth (m); (factory), n, print, vb, pryntya. priweythva (f), priweythvaow (pl). printer, n, pryntyer (m), pryntyoryon (pl). pound, n, (currency or weight) peuns (m), peunsow prison, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl), prisons (pl).

38 private, adj, privedh. pull, vb, tenna; tedna (RLC).. prize, n, pewas (m), pewasow (pl); pris (m), prisyow pulse, n, (beat) pols (m), polsyow (pl); polj (m, RLC), (pl). poljyow (pl, RLC). probably, adv, del hevel; dres lycklod (RLC). pump, n, pomp (m), pompyow (pl); pompel (f), problem, n, problem (m), problemow (pl), problems pompellow (pl); petrol pump, n, pomp petrol (m), (pl); cudyn (m), cudynnow (pl). pompyow petrol (pl). process, n, argerdh (m), argerdhow (pl). pumpkin, n, pompyon (m), pompyons (pl). proclaim, vb, gwarnya. pungent, adj, flerys. proclamation, n, gwarnyans (m), gwarnyansow (pl). punishment, n, kessydhyans (m), kessydhyansow (pl). procure, vb, gwaynya. pupil, n, (student) dyskybel (m), dyskyblon (pl). produce, vb, ascorra; ascor. puppet, n, popet (m), popetys (pl), popetow (pl). product, n, ascorras (m). puppy, n, colyn (m), kelyn (pl). profession, n, galwesigeth (m), galwesigethow (pl). purchase, vb, prena; perna (RLC). profile, n, profil (m), profilys (pl). pure, adj, pur. profit, I n, budh (m), budhow (pl); les (m); II vb, purple, adj, purpur; glasrudh. gwaynya. purpose, n, porpos (m); mynnas (m); for the purpose programme, n, towlen (f), towlennow (pl), towlednow of, prp, rag; on purpose, adv, a-borpos. (pl, RLC); television programme, n, towlen purse, n, pors (m), porsys (pl); yalgh (f), yalhow (pl). bellwolok (f), towlennow pellwolok (pl). push, vb, herdhya. progress, I n, avoncyans (m); II vb, avoncya. push-chair, n, cador herdhya (f), cadoryow herdhya prohibit, vb, difen. (pl). prohibited, adj, difennys; difednys (RLC). put, vb, gorra; put in order, vb, araya; put out, vb, project, n, towl (m), towlow (pl). (expel) gorra yn-mes; (extend) ystyn; (extinguish) promise, I n, ambos (m), ambosow (pl); promis (m), difudhy; put together, vb, framya; composa (RLC); promisyow (pl); II vb, ambosa; promisya. put up with, vb, perthy; put your name down, phr, ri pronunciation, n, leveryans (m), leveryansow (pl). dha hanow; rei dha hanow (RLC). proof, n, prov (m). pyjamas, n pl, pyjama (m), pyjamas (pl). proper, adj, ewn. property, n, (goods) pyth (m), peth (m, RLC), pethow Q, q (pl). prophet, n, profos (m), profosy (pl). quality, n, qwalita (f); (aspect of character) gnas (f); proposal, n, profyans (m); profyansow (pl). gnasow (pl). propose, vb, profya. quarrel, I n, kedry‧nn (f), kedrynnow (pl); kedry‧dn (f, proposition, n, kynnik (m), kynigow (pl). RLC), kedrydnow (pl, RLC); dalva (f), dalvaow (pl); II propriety, n, composter (m). vb, kedrynna; kedrydna (RLC); omdhal. prostitute, n, hora (f), horys (pl). quarry, n, (mine) mengleudh (m), mengleudhyow (pl). protect, vb, difres; protect from, vb, gwitha rag. quarter, n, qwarter (m); (fraction) qwarten (f); (region) Protestant, n, Protestant (m), Protestans (pl). qwartron (m); (of year), n, trymis (m). proud, adj, gothus; prout. quay, n, cay (m), cayys (pl), cayow (pl). prove, vb, prevy; preva (RLC); prove oneself, vb, queen, n, myghternes (f), myghternesow (pl); ombrevy. my’ternes (f, RLC), my’ternesow (pl, RLC); ruwvanes provide, vb, provia. (f), ruwvanesow (pl). province, n, pow (m), powyow (pl). question, I n, govyn (m), govynnow (pl), govydnow (pl, prune, n, ploumen sygh (f), ploum sygh (coll); RLC); qwestyon (m), qwestyonow (pl); II vb, govyn; ploumen segh (f, RLC), ploum segh (coll, RLC). (test by questions) apposya. pub, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl); diwotty (m), queue, I n, lost (m), lostow (pl), lostyow (pl); II vb, gul diwottiow (pl). lost; lostya. public, adj, poblek; public house, n, tavern (m), quick, adj, snell; uskis; scav. tavernyow (pl); diwotty (m), diwottiow (pl); public quickly, adv, snell; uskis; yn scav; scon. speaker, n, arethor (m), arethoryon (pl). quiet, I adj, cosel; tawesek; dison; II n, cosoleth (m); publish, vb, dyllo. taw (m). pudding, n, podin (m), podins (pl); (dessert) wojow quite, adv, (rather) lowr (follows adj.); (precisely) (pl); (black p.) gosogen (f), gosogennow (pl); pora‧n; (very) glan; teg. gojogen (f, RLC), gojogednow (pl, RLC). puddle, n, pollen (f), polennow (pl), polednow (pl, RLC). puffin, n, nath (m), nathes (pl); popa (m), popys (pl).

39 R, r reading, n, redyans (m), redyansow (pl). readily, adv, prest. rabbit, n, conin (m), conines (pl). ready, I adj, parys; make ready, vb, pareusy; parujy race, I n, (competition) resek (m), resegow (pl); (RLC). (ethnicity) agh (f), ahow (pl); hil (m), hilyow (pl); real, adj, (actual) gwir. human race, phr, mab den (m); II vb, resek. really, adv, y’n gwir; yn tevry; dhe wir. racing car, n, carr resek (m), kerry resek (pl). reap, vb, mysy. racing driver, n, lewyer resek (m), lewyoryon resek rear, vb, (raise children) maga; meythrin. (pl). reared, adj, (raised) megys. racist, n, hilgaswas (m), hilgaswesyon (pl); hilegydh reason, n, (cause of something) acheson (m), (m), hilegydhyon (pl). achesonys (pl); cheson (m), chesonys (pl); skila (f), rack, n, cloos (f), closyow (pl). skilys (pl); caws (m, RLC), cawsow (pl, RLC); praga racket, n, racket (m), racketow (pl); (noise) habadolya (m); (logic) poll (m). (m). rebel, I n, rebel (m), rebels (pl); II vb, rebellya. rebellion, n, rebellyans (m), rebelyansow (pl). radiator, n, dewynyadel (f), dewynyadellow (pl). 2 radio, n, radyo (m), radyos (pl), radyoyow (pl); diwiver recall, vb, (remember) perthy cov (a ). (m). receive, vb, degemeres; kemeres; receva. radish, n, redigen (f), redik (coll). recent, adj, a-dhiwedhes. rag, n, pilen (f), pilennow (pl), pilednow (pl, RLC). recently, adv, a-gynsow; a-gensow (RLC); a-lergh railing, n, peulge (m), peulgeow (pl). (RLC). railway, n, hyns horn (m), hens horn (m, RLC), reception, n, kemeryans (m), kemeryansow (pl); hensyow horn (pl); railway station, n, gorsav (m), reception area, n, degemerva (f); degemervaow (pl). recognise, vb, aswon; ajon (RLC). gorsavow (pl). 2 rain, I n, glaw (m); II vb, gul glaw. recollect, vb, perthy cov (a ). rainbow, n, cammneves (f), cammnevesow (pl); recollection, n, cov (m), co’ (m, RLC), covyow (pl). cabmdhavas (f, RLC), cabmdhavasow (pl, RLC). recommend, vb, comendya. raincoat, n, cota glaw (m), cotys glaw (pl); mantel law record, I n, (document) covadh (m), covadhow (pl); (f), mentylly glaw (pl). (world record), n, record (m), recordys (pl); (disc) raise, vb, (lift, build) drehevel; derevel (RLC); (raise plasen (f), plasennow (pl), plasednow (pl, RLC); children) maga; raise up, vb, sevel. record player, n, troer plasen (m); II vb, recordya; rake, n, racan (m), racanow (pl). (audio) sonscrifa. ram, n, (animal) hordh (m), hordhes (pl); hor’ (m, recorder (musical instrument), n, tollgorn Sowsnek RLC), hor’es (pl, RLC). (m), tollgern Sowsnek (pl). range, n, rifle range, n, tenva (f), tenvaow (pl). recover, vb, (get back) dascavos; (from an illness) rape, vb, ravna. yaghhe‧; omwellhe‧. rank, n, renk (m), rencow (pl), renkyow (pl). rectangle, n, hirbedrek (m), hirbedrogow (pl). rare, adj, (uncommon) tanow; treweythus. red, adj, rudh. raspberry, n, avanen (f), avan (coll). redo, vb, daswul. rate, n, (mathematical) kevradh (m), kevradhow (pl); reduce, vb, byhanhe‧; bianhe‧ (RLC). (tax) toll (f), tollow (pl); at any rate, phr, yn neb cas; reef, n, crib (f), cribow (pl). water rate, n, toll dhowr (f), tollow dowr (pl). reflect, vb, (throw back light) dastewynnya; rather, adv, kyns; kens (RLC); I would rather, phr, gwell dastewydnya (RLC); (think upon) predery; via genev; my a vynsa kyns; my a venja kens (RLC). ombredery. rat, n, rath (f), rathes (pl); logojen vroas (f, RLC), logos refrain, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl). broas (coll, RLC). refrigerator, n, yeynel (f), yeynellow (pl). raven, n, bran vras (f), briny bras (pl), briny broas (pl, refuge, n, harber (m), harberys (pl). RLC). refusal, n, nagh (m). raw, adj, criv. refuse, vb, naha; sconya; refusya. ray, n, (light) ray (m), rayys (pl); dewyn (m), regard, I n, govis (m), govisyon (pl); best regards, phr, dewynnow (pl). gorhemynadow a’n gwella; II vb, mires orth; as razor, n, alsen (f), alsennow (pl), alsednow (pl, RLC); regards, phr, ow tochya; yn kever. alten (f), altennow (f, pl), altednow (pl, RLC). region, n, pow (m), powyow (pl); ranndir (m), reach, vb, (attain, arrive at) drehedhes; reach out ranndiryow (pl); tiredh (m), tiredhow (pl); cost (m), (extend), vb, ystyn. costys (pl). read, vb, redya; read aloud, vb, lenna. regional, adj, ranndiryel. reader, n, redyer (m), redyoryon (pl); redyores (f), register, vb, covscrifa. redyoresow (pl); lenner (m), lenoryon (pl). regret, I n, edrek; II vb, edrega; I regret, phr, edrek a’m

40 beus; drog yw genev. restore, vb, dascor. regular, adj, reyth. result, n, sewyans (m), sewyansow (pl). regularly, adv, (frequently) yn fenowgh; (correctly) yn retire, vb, omdenna; omdedna (RLC). reyth. retired, adj, omdennys; omdednys (RLC). regulate, vb, rewlya; rowlya (RLC). retirement, n, omdennans (m), omdednans (m, RLC), regulation, n, rewl (f), rewlys (pl), rowlys (pl, RLC). omdenansow (pl). rehearsal, n, assay (m), assays (pl). return, I n, dewhelans (m), dewhelansow (pl); reign, vb, reynya. dewhelyans (m), dewhelyansow (pl); II vb, (to a reindeer, n, carow ergh (m), kerwys ergh (pl). place) dewheles; (return sth. to somebody) dascor; rejoice, vb, lowenhe‧; omlowenhe‧; rejoycya. rei arta (RLC). relate, vb, (tell to) derivas (dhe). revival, n, dasserghyans (m), dasserghyansow (pl). related, adj, (by blood) unwos. revive, vb, dasvewa; dasserhy. relation, n, (family member) car (m), kerens (pl); cares revolt, I n, rebellyans (m), rebelyansow (pl); (f), caresow (pl); nescar (m), neskerens (pl). domwhelans (m), domwhelansow (pl); II vb, relative, n, car (m), kerens (pl). domwhel; omsevel. release, vb, dyllo; livra. revolting, adj, casadow. relieve, vb, difres. revolution, n, domwhelans (m), domwhelansow (pl). religion, n, cryjyans (m), cryjyansow (pl); relyjyon (m, reward, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl); pris (m), prisyow RLC). (pl); pewas (m), pewasow (pl). reluctant, adj, hell; anvodhek; I am reluctant to..., phr, rhinoceros, n, trongornvil (m), trongornviles (pl). poos yw genev.... rib, n, asowen (f), asow (coll). reluctantly, adv, a’m anvodh, a’y anvodh. ribbon, n, snod (m), snodow (pl); ryban (m), rybanys remain, vb, gortos; (stay) triga. (pl). remainder, n, remenant (m), remenantys (pl), rice, n, ris (coll); grain of rice, n, risen (f). remenans (pl). rich, adj, rych; (wealthy) kevothek; golusek. remake, vb, daswul. riches, n pl, rychys; pethow. remember, vb, perthy cov (a2); remembra; cova (RLC). ride, vb, (a horse) marhogeth. remind, vb, covhe‧. rider, n, marhek (m), marhogyon (pl); marhoges (f), remote, adj, pell; remote control, n, pellvotonek (f), marhogesow (pl). pellvotonegy (pl). ridge, n, criben (f), cribennow (pl), cribednow (pl, remove, vb, (delete) dilea. RLC); keyn (m), keynow (pl). renounce, vb, naha. ridiculous, adj, wharthus. renowned, adj, geryes. rifle range, n, tenva (f), tenvaow (pl). rent, I n, rent (m); II vb, gobrena. right, I adj, (correct) compes; ewn; gwir; reyth; repair, vb, ewnhe‧. (suitable) gwiw; gwew (RLC); reyth; (exact) kewar; repent, vb, repentya. (opposite to left) dyhow; on the right (side), adv, a- reply, I n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl); II vb, gortheby. dhyhow; right-handed, adj, dyhow; II n, gwir (m), report, n, derivas (m). gwiryow (pl); set right, vb, amendya; ewna; owna reporter, n, derivador (m), derivadoryon (pl). (RLC); you are right, phr, yma’n gwir genes (sg), repose, n, powes (m). yma’n gwir genowgh (pl). republic, n, repoblek (f), repoblegy (pl). ring, I n, (circle, hoop) kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl); reputation, n, bri (f); ger da (m); pris (m), prisyow (pl). (jewelry) bysow (m), besow (m, RLC); bysowyer (pl); rescue, vb, sawya. ring finger, n, bys bysow (m); bes besow (m, RLC); II rescuer, n, sawyas (m), sawysy (pl). vb, (ring a bell) seny. research, n, whithrans (m), whithransow (pl). ringmaster, n, mester cirk (m), mestrysy cirk (pl). resembling, adj, haval; he resembles you, phr, haval yw rip, vb, sqwardya. dhis. ripe, adj, adhves. residence, n, treveth (f), trevethow (pl). ripen, vb, adhvesy. resist, vb, sevel orth. rise, vb, sevel; savel (RLC); rising tide, n, lanow (m). resolve, vb, ervira; digelmy. risk, n, peryl (m), peryllow (pl). respect, n, reowta (m); with respect to, prp, yn kever river, n, avon (f), avonyow (pl); awon (f, RLC), (when referring to people; used with poss. prns.). awonyow (pl, RLC); ryver (m), ryvers (pl); (in name response, n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl). of river) dowr (m), dowrow (pl); river-mouth, n, rest, I n, (relaxation) powes (m); (remainder), n, heyl (m), heylyow (pl); aber (m), aberyow (pl) {In remenant (m), remenantys (pl), remenans (pl); II vb, place-names.}. powes. road, n, fordh (f), fordhow (pl); for’ (f, RLC), for’ow (pl, restaurant, n, bosty (m), bostiow (pl). RLC); hyns (m), hens (m, RLC), hensyow (pl).

41 roast, I n, rost (m); II vb, rostya. rugby, n, rugby (m). rob, vb, ladra; robbya. ruin, I n, (building) magor (f), magoryow (pl); robber, n, lader (m), ladron (pl). (financial) diswrians (m); II vb, shyndya. robbery, n, (in general) ladrynsy (m); (individual ruined, adj, diswrys. crime) ladrans (m), ladransow (pl). rule, I n, rewl (f), rewlys (pl), rowlys (pl, RLC); II vb, robin, n, rudhek (m), rudhogyon (pl). (e.g. a country) rewlya; rowlya (RLC). robot, n, robot (m), robotow (pl). ruler, n, (tool) rewlel (f), rewlellow (pl); scantlin (m, rock, n, (stone) carrek (f), kerrek (pl), carygy (pl); RLC), scantlins (pl, RLC). (music) rock (m). rum, n, (drink) romm (m); dowr tomm molas (m); towr rocket, n, fusen (f), fusennow (pl), fusednow (pl, RLC). tobm molas (m, RLC). rocking horse, n, margh lesca (m), mergh lesca (pl). rumour, n, kywhedhel (m), kywhedhlow (pl). rod, n, gwelen (f), gwel (coll). run, vb, (run a race) resek; (of water) resek; roe-deer, n, yorgh (f), yorhes (pl). (strenuously) ponya; run away, vb phr, diank; jank role, n, rann (f), rannow (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow (pl, (RLC); fia (dhe’n fo). RLC). runner, n, reser (m), resoryon (pl). roll, I n, (list, roll of paper) rol (f), rolyow (pl); (bread) runway, n, (airport) hyns tira (m), hens tira (m, RLC), bara byhan (m); II vb, rolya. hensyow tira (pl). roller, n, (in a car wash) jynn rolya (m), jynnow rolya rush, I n, bronnen (f), bronn (coll); brodnen (f, RLC), (pl). brodn (coll, RLC); II vb, (hurry) fistena. roller scate, n, roskis (m), roskisyow (pl). rye, n, sugal (coll), grain of rye, n, sugalen (f). roof, n, to (m), tohow (pl). room, n, (in a building) stevel (f), stevellow (pl); rom (m), romys (pl); (space), n, spas (m); bathroom, n, S, s stevel omwolhy (f), stevellow omwolhy (pl); bedroom, n, chambour (m), chambours (pl); dining sack, n, sagh (m), seghyer (pl), syher (pl, RLC). room, n, stevel dhybry (f), stevellow dybry (pl); sackcloth, n, yscar (m). stevel dhebry (f, RLC), stevellow debry (pl, RLC); sacking, n, yscar (m). living room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl); sitting sacrifice, vb, sacrifia, sacrifisa (RLC). room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl); waiting room, sad, adj, trist; truedhek; truesy. n, stevel wortos (f), stevelow gortos (pl); rom gortos sadden, vb, duwena; tristhe‧; duwenhe‧. (m), romys gortos (pl). saddle, n, diber (m), dibrow (pl). root, n, gwreydhen (f), gwreydh (coll). sadly, adv, truan; yn truan; yn truedhek. rope, n, lovan (f), lovanow (pl); rope ladder, n, skeul sadness, n, tristans (m); duwon (m). lovan (f), skeulyow lovan (pl). safe, I adj, salow; saw; II n, cofer saw (m), cofrow saw rose, n, rosen (f), ros (coll); primrose, n, briallen (f), (pl); cofer horn (m), cofrow horn (pl). brially (coll). safeguard, vb, gwitha; diogely. rot, vb, pedry; breyna. saffron, n, safran (m); saffron cake, n, tesen safran (f), rotten, adj, poder; podrek; breyn. tesennow safran (pl), tesednow safran (pl, RLC). rough, adj, garow. sail, I n, gool (m), golyow (pl); II vb, golya. round, I adj, rond; crenn; kern (RLC); II adv, a-dro; sailing boat, n, scath wolya (f), scathow golya (pl). andro (RLC); III n, tro (f), troyow (pl); kylgh (m), 2 sailor, n, marner (m), marners (pl). kylghyow (pl); IV prp, a-dro dhe . saint, n, sans (m), sens (pl); sanses (f), sansesow (pl). roundabout, n, (traffic) fordh a-dro (f), fordhow a-dro sake, n, kerensa (f); kerenja (f, RLC); for the sake of, (pl); for’-a-dro (f, RLC), for’ow a-dro (pl, RLC); (play) phr, rag kerensa a2; a-barth; awo‧s; for God’s sake!, res a-dro (m), resow a-dro (pl). phr, a-barth Duw! rounded, adj, cromm; crobm (RLC); rond. salad, n, salad (m), sa‧ladys (pl). router, n, (WLAN) routyel (f), routyellow (pl). salami, n, salami (m), salamis (pl). row, I n, (disturbance) habadollya (m); (line) rew (m), salary, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl). rewyow (pl); II vb, (a boat) revya. sale, n, (event) gwerth (f), gwerthow (pl); (act of rowboat, n, scath revya (f), scathow revya (pl). selling) gwerthas (m), gwerthasow (pl); for sale, phr, rub, vb, rutya. dhe wertha. rubber, n, (eraser) rutyer (m), rutyeryow (pl). salesman, n, gwerther (m), gwerthoryon (pl); rubbish, n, atal (coll); scoll (m); tredn (m, RLC). gwerthores (f), gwerthoresow (pl); marchont (m), rucksack, n, sagh keyn (m), seghyer keyn (pl). marchons (pl). rudder, n, lyw (m), lewyow (pl). saleswoman, n, gwerthores (f), gwerthoresow (pl). rude, adj, discortes. salmon, n, ehek (m), ehoges (pl), ehogyon (pl); rug, n, strel (m), strelyow (pl). sowman (m), sowmans (pl).

42 salt, I n, holan (m), holanow (pl); salt water, n, hyly scholar, n, scoler (m), scoloryon (pl); scolores (f), (m); II adj, sall; holanek; sellys. scoloresow (pl). salty, adj, holanek; sall; sellys. scholarly, adj, scolheygel; deskys broas (RLC). salvation, n, selwyans (m); salvacyon (m). school, n, scol (f), scolyow (pl). same, adj, keth (precedes the noun); an unn; the same schoolbook, n, lyver scol (m), lyvrow scol (pl); lever as, phr, an keth ha; the same one, phr, an keth onan; scol (m, RLC), levrow scol (pl, RLC). the same length as, phr, kehy‧s ha; kehe‧s ha (RLC); schoolboy, n, scolvaw (m), scolvebyon (pl). at the same time, phr, yn kettermyn. schoolgirl, n, scolvowes (f), scolvowysy (pl). sanctity, n, sansoleth (f); benesikter (m); benejikter schoolhouse, n, scoljy (m), scoljiow (pl). (m, RLC). schoolmaster, n, scolvester (m), scolvestrysy (pl). sand, I n, tewes (coll); treth (m), trethow (pl). schoolmistress, n, scolvestres (f), scolvestresow (pl). sandal, n, sandal (m), sa‧ndalys (pl). science, n, skiens (m); godhonieth (f). sandcastle, n, castel tewes (m), castylly tewes (pl). scientific, adj, skiensek; godhoniethek. sandpaper, n, paper gweder (m), paper grow (m); scientist, n, skiensek (m), skiensogyon (pl); paper tewesy (m). skiensydhes (f), skiensydhesow (pl); godhonydh sandwich, n, baramanyn (m), baramanynnow (pl), (m), godhonydhyon (pl); godhonydhes (f), baramanydnow (pl, RLC); maw (m), maws (pl). godhonydhesow (pl). sandy, adj, tewesek. scissors, n, gwelsow byhan (pl); gwelsigow (pl); sardine, n, hernen (f), hern (coll). gweljow (pl, RLC). satellite, n, (moon) loor (f), loryow (pl); (artificial) lorel scold, vb, tavosa; keredhy. (f), lorellow (pl). scone, n, sconsen (f), scons (coll). satisfied, adj, pes da. Scot, n, Alban (m), Albanyon (pl); Albanes (f), Saturday, n, Sadorn (m); dy’Sadorn (m); de’Sadorn (m, Albanesow (pl). RLC); Saturday night, n phr, dy’Sadorn dhe nos. Scotland, top, Alban (m). Saturn, name, Sadorn (m). Scottish, adj, albanek. sauce, n, sows (m), sowsow (pl), sowsys (pl). scrape, vb, cravas; ratha. saucepan, n, padel dhorn (f), padellow dorn (pl). scratch, vb, cravas. saucer, n, padellik (m), padeligow (pl). scream, vb, garma; scrija; usa. sausage, n, selsigen (f), selsik (coll), selsigennow (pl); scree, n, radel (m); rajel (m). (black pudding) gojogen (f, RLC), gojogednow (pl, screen, n, (partition) paros (m), parosyow (pl); (guard) RLC). skew (f), skewyow (pl); (computer) scrin (m), scrins save, vb, (life) sawya; (keep) difres; (money) erbysy. (pl); scramm (m), scrammow (pl); scrabm (m, RLC), savings, n pl, erbysyow (pl). scrabmow (pl, RLC). saviour, n, sylwyas (m), selwysy (pl); savyour (m), screw, I n, screw (m), screwys (pl); trogenter (f), savyours (pl). trogentrow (pl); II vb, trogentra; (copulate) kyjya. saw, I n, hesken (f), heskennow (pl), heskednow (pl, screwdriver, n, trogentrel (f), trogentrellow (pl). RLC); II vb, heskenna; heskedna (RLC). scripture, n, scriptor (m), scriptors (pl). sawdust, n, bleus hesken (m). scruple, n, danjer (m). say, vb, leverel; lawl (RLC); she says/said, phr, yn-medh scum, n, (film on liquid) kenn (m); kedn (m, RLC); hi; ’medh hei (RLC). (filth) lastedhes (m). saying, n, lavar (m), lavarow (pl). scummy, adj, kennek; kednek (RLC). scab, n, cragh (m), crehy (pl). sea, n, mor (m), moryow (pl); put to sea, go to sea, phr, scales, n, mantol (f), mantolyow (pl). mora; mos dhe vor; mos dhe mor (RLC); the Black scandal, n, sclander (m), sclanderyow (pl); bisme‧r (m), Sea, top, an Mor Du (m). bisme‧rs (pl). seagull, n, golan (f), golanes (pl). scar, n, creythen (f), creyth (coll). seal, I n, (animal) reun (m), reunes (pl), reunyon (pl); scarce, adj, scant; tanow; scarcely, adv, scant (+neg.); (signet) sel (f), selys (pl), selyow (pl); II vb, selya. scantlowr. seaman n, marner (m), marners (pl). scarcity, n, tanowder. search, I n, helgh (m); II vb, whilas; whithra. scare, I n, own (m); II vb, gorra own yn. seashore n, (seaside) morrep (m), morrebow (pl); scarecrow, n, bocka (m), bockas (pl), bockyas (pl). (beach) treth (m); (coast) arvor (m). scared, adj, ownek; I was scared, phr, own a’m beu. season, n, seson (m), sesons (pl), sesonyow (pl). scarf, n, lien conna (m), lienyow conna (pl); lien codna seat I n, esedh (f), esedhow (pl); cador (f), cadoryow (m, RLC), lienyow codna (pl, RLC). (pl). scheme, n, plot (m); towlen (f). seawave, n, mordon (f), mordonnow (pl), mordodnow scent, n, ethen (f), eth (coll). (pl, RLC). sceptical, adj, anhegol. seaweed, n, gommon (coll); gobmon (coll, RLC).

43 second, I (time) n, second (m), secondys (pl); II ord settled, adj, (inhabited) trigys. num, nessa; second; eyl; abbr, 2a; III vb, eyla; seven, card num, seyth. scoodhya. seventeen, card num, seytek secret, I adj, kel; kevrinek; II n, kevrin (m), kevrinyow seventeenth, ord num, seytegves; abbr, 17ves. (pl). seventh, ord num, seythves; abbr, 7ves. section, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl). seventieth, ord num, degves ha tri-ugens; degves ha secure, adj, saw; diogel. trei-ugens (RLC); abbr, 70ves. security, n, diogeledh (m); sekerder (m); sawder (m). seventy, card num, deg ha tri-ugens; deg ha trei-ugens see, vb, gweles. (RLC). seed n, hasen (f), hasennow (pl), hasednow (pl, RLC), several, adj, lies (with sg.); meur a2 (with pl.); (a few) has (coll). nebes. seek, vb, whilas. severe, adj, cales; a-has; sevur. seem, vb, hevely; it seems to me, phr, yth hevel sew, vb, gwrias. dhymm; as it seems, phr, del hevel. sex, n, reydh (f); (activity) sex (m). seize, vb, dalhenna; dalhedna (RLC); sesya; synsy; senjy sexual, adj, reydhel. (RLC) sexy, adj, sexy. seldom, adv, namenowgh (with neg.); bohes venowgh. shade, I n, goskes (m); goscotter (m); II vb, goskeusy. select, vb, dewis. shadow, n, skeus (m), skeusow (pl). selection, n, dewis (m), dewisow (pl). shaft, n, gwelen (f), gwelynny (pl), gwelydny (pl, RLC); self, n & prn, honan; prf, om-. (mine) shafta (m), shaftys. selfish, adj, honanus; omvodhek. shake, I n, cren (m), kern (m, RLC), crenyow (pl); II vb, selfishness, n, honanuster (m); covaytys (m); crena; kerna (RLC); shackya; we shook hands, phr, ni omvodhogeth (f). a shackyas leuv. sell, vb, gwertha; gwer’ha (RLC); to sell for, phr, shall, vb, I shall go, phr, my a; my a vynn mos; my a gwertha a2. vedn mos (RLC); my a wra mos. send, vb, danvon; danon (RLC). shallow, adj, bas. sense, n, skians (m); sens (m); (meaning) styr (m), shame, I n, meth (f), methow (pl); sham (m); (pity) styryow (pl). dieth (m); it’s a shame, phr, dieth yw; soweth; for sensible, adj, fur. shame!, phr, rag meth!; II vb, shamya. sensitive, adj, crohendanow; fin; tender. shameful, adj, methus. sentence, I (grammatical) n, lavar (m), lavarow (pl); shape, n, form (m), formow (pl); furv (f), furvow (pl); II vb, (law) breusy. roth (m), rothow (pl); shap (m), shapys (pl). separate, I adj, diberthys; II vb, diberth. share, I n, kevren (f), kevrennow (pl), kevrednow (pl, separately, adv, dibarow. RLC); II vb, kevrenna; kevredna (RLC). separation, n, dibarth (f). shark, n, morvleydh (m), morvleydhes (pl). September, n, Gwynngala (m); Gwydngala (RLC); mis sharp adj, (pointed) lymm; lebm (RLC); (acute) tynn; Gwynngala (m); mis Gwydngala (m, RLC). tydn (RLC); glew; (taste) trenk; wherow; (clever) serious, adj, sevur; sad. connyk; codnyk (RLC). seriously, adv, yn sad; yn sevur; (indeed) devri‧; yn shave, vb, divarva; trehy barv; shave one’s beard off, tevri‧. vb phr, omdhivarva. serpent, n, serpent (m), serpentys (pl). she, prn, hi; hei (RLC); (enclitic) hi; (infixed) ’s. servant n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl); servyas (m), servysi sheaf, n, tysken (f), tyskennow (pl), tyskednow (pl, (pl); seryvades (f), servyadesow (pl); oberwas (m), RLC). oberwesyon (pl). shed, n, crow (m), crowyow (pl). serve, vb, dyghtya; (in employment) servya; sodha. sheep, n, davas (f), deves (pl.). service, n, soodh (f); gwasonieth (f); servis (m), sheepdog, n, ki deves (m), keun deves (pl). servisyow (pl); (church) oferen (f), oferennow (pl), sheet, n, (bed) lien gwely (m), lienyow gwely (pl); oferednow (pl, RLC). (paper) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl, RLC). serviceable, adj, servadow; ’vas. shelf, n, estyllen (f), estylennow (pl), estylednow (pl, session, n, esedhek (m), esedhogow (pl); (eisteddfod) RLC). esedhvos (m), esedhvosow (pl). shell, n, (carapace) crogen (f), cregyn (pl); (egg) set, vb, settya; (put) gorra; (of sun) sedhy; to set off, vb, plisken (f), plisk (coll); (bomb) tanbelennik (m), (leave) gasa; gara (RLC); (cause to explode) tardha; tanbelednik (m, RLC), tanbelenigow (pl). to set up, vb, (establish) selya; (organise) framya; shelter, I n, scovva (f), scovvaow (pl); II vb, clesa; cleja orna, restra. (RLC). settle, vb, (inhabit) anedhy; triga; (on new land) shepherd, n, bugel, (m) bugeledh (pl). trevesiga; (argument) ervira; concludya. shepherdess, n, bugeles (f), bugelesow (pl).

44 shield, n, scoos (m), scosow (pl). silver, n, arhans (m). shine, vb, splanna; spladna (RLC); golowy. silvery, n, arhansek. ship, n, gorhel (m), gorholyon (pl). similar, adj, hevelep; haval; similar to, phr, haval orth. shirt, n, crys (m), crysyow (pl); hevis (m), hevisyow similarity n, hevelepter (m). (pl); T-shirt, n, crys T (m). similarly, adv, yndella; yn kepa‧r maner. shit, I n, cawgh (m); II vb, cawha. simple, adj, sempel; (easy) es. shiver, vb, deglena; crena; kerna (RLC). simplify, vb, sempelhe‧. shock, n, (jolt) jag (m), jagys (pl); (electric) jag tredan simply, adv, yn sempel; dre vaner es. (m). simultaneous, adj, kettermynyek. shocked, adj, diegrys. sin, I n, pegh (m); pehes (m), pehosow (pl); II vb, peha. shoe, I n, eskis (f), eskisyow (pl), ’skijyow (pl, RLC); since, cnj, a-ban2; a-dhia ban2 {both followed by a verb}; II vb, (horse) hernya. a-dhia {followed by a noun} long since, phr, seuladhy‧ shoot, I n, (sprout) egin (m), eginyow (pl); II vb, (gun) dh; seuladhe‧dh (RLC); since then, phr, alena rag; a- tenna; tedna (RLC); (arrow) setha; (sprout) egina. dhia nena (RLC). shop I n, gwerthjy (m), gwerthjiow (pl); shoppa (m, sincere, adj, gwiryon; colonnek; colodnek (RLC). RLC), shoppys (pl, RLC); II vb, prenassa; (grocery) sincerely, adv, heb toll na gil; sincerely yours, phr, marhasa; marhasna (RLC). dhywgh whi yn lel. shore, n, (seaboard) morrep (m), morrebow (pl); (river sing, vb, cana. bank) glann (f), glannow (pl); gladn (f, RLC), singer n, caner (m), canoryon (pl); canores (f), gladnow (pl, RLC). canoresow (pl). short, adj, cot; berr. single, I adj, unn; udn (RLC); unnik; udnik (RLC); shortly, adv, a verr spys; kyns neppe‧ll; yn cot termyn. (unmarried) andhemedhys; II prn, onan; not a single shorts, n, lavrek cot (m), lavregow cot (pl); lavrek berr one, phr, (people) nagonan; (things) tra vyth; tra (m), lavregow berr (pl). veth (RLC); ny welis vy nagonan, phr, I didn’t see a shot, n, tenn (m), tennow (pl); tedn (m, RLC), tednow single one. (pl, RLC). sink, I n, new (f), newyow (pl); somf (m, RLC); should, vb, he should do that, phr, ev a dal gul henna; y II vb, sedhy. codh dhodho gul henna; she should have done it, sinner, n, pehador (m), pehadoryon (pl); pehadores (f), phr, hi a dalvia y wul; y codhvia dhedhy y wul. pehadoresow (pl). shoulder, n, scoodh (f), scodhow (pl), diwscodh (dl). sir, n, syrra (m), syrrys (pl); serra (m, RLC), serrys (pl, shout, I n, cri (m), criow (pl); crei (m, RLC); garm (f), RLC); (title) syr (m). garmow (pl); II vb, garma; cria, creia (RLC). sister, n, whor (f), wherydh (pl). show, I n, disqwedhyans (m), disqwedhyansow (pl); sit, vb, esedha, ’sedha (RLC). II vb, disqwedhes. situation, n, le (m); desedhans (m); stat (m), statys (pl). shower, I n, cowas (f), cowasow (pl); II vb, cowesy. six, card num, whegh. shrimp, n, bibyn bubyn (m), bibynes bubyn (pl). sixteen, card num, whetek. shrink, vb, omdenna; omdedna (RLC); lehe‧. sixteenth, ord num, whetegves; abbr, 16ves. shudder, I n, scruth (m), scruthow (pl); II vb, scrutha. sixth ord num, wheghves; wheffes (RLC); abbr, 6ves. shut, I adj, deges; clos; II vb, degea; keas; shut up!, phr, sixtieth ord num, tri-ugensves; trei-ugensves (RLC); taw taves! abbr, 60ves. shy, adj, gohelus; methek. sixty, card num, tri-ugens; trei-ugens (RLC). sick, adj, clav; cloav (RLC). size, n, braster (m), brasterow (pl); broasder (m, RLC), sickness, n, cleves, clevejyow. broasderow (pl, RLC); myns (m), mynsow (pl); mens side, n, tu (m), tuyow (pl); tenewen (m), tenwennow (m, RLC), mensow (pl, RLC). (pl), tenwednow (pl, RLC); (in an argument) parth scateboard, I n, rostel (f), rostellow (pl); II vb, rostella. (f), parthow (pl). sketch, I n, delinyans (m), delinyansow (pl); linennans sideboard, n, bord lestry (m). (m), linenansow (pl); tednans (m, RLC), tednansow sigh, vb, hanasa; hanaja (RLC). (pl, RLC); II vb, linenna; linedna (RLC). sight, n, golok (f), gologow (pl). ski, I n, ski (m), skiow (pl), skis (pl); ski pole, n, gwelen sign, I n, arwodh (f), arwodhyow (pl); sin (m), sinys ski (f), gwelynny ski (pl), gwelydny ski (pl, RLC); (pl); II vb, sina. II vb, skia. signal, n, sin (m), sinys (pl); sinel (f), sinellow (pl). skilful, adj, sley. signature, n, sinans (m), sinansow (pl). skill, n, sleyneth (f). silence, I n, taw (m); II int, silence!, be quiet!, phr, taw skin, n, crohen (f), crehyn (pl); kneus (coll); (on milk) taves! kenn (m); kedn (m, RLC). silent, adj, tawesek; be silent, phr, tewel. skinny, adj, ; kennek; kednek (RLC); cronek; (bony) silly, adj, gocky. ascornek.

45 skip, vb, terlemmel; terlebmel (RLC); skyppya. sneeze, I n, striw (m), striwyow (pl); II vb, rahaya; skipping rope, n, lovan lemmel (f), lovanow lemmel striwy. (pl); lovan lebmel (f, RLC), lovanow lebmel (pl, RLC). snore, vb, renky. skirt, n, losten (f), lostennow (pl), lostednow (pl, RLC). snout, n, tron (m), tronow (pl). scull, n, crogen benn (f); crogen bedn (f, RLC); clopen snow, I n, ergh (m); II vb, gul ergh. (f), clopennow (pl), clopednow (pl, RLC). so, I adv., mar2; she is so pretty, phr, mar deg yw hi; so sky, n, ebron (f). much, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); (thus) yndella; II cnj., skylark, n, awhesydh (f), awhesydhes (pl). ytho‧; rag henna; rag hedna (RLC); so that, phr, slack, adj, lows. may5; mayth (before vowel); so I see, phr, del welav. slap, I n, sqwat (m), sqwattow (pl); scat (m, RLC), soap, I n, sebon (m), sebonow (pl); soap opera, n, scattys (pl, RLC); stiwen (m); II vb, sqwattya; gwary sebon (m). stiwenna; stiwedna (RLC); whattya. sober, adj, (solemn) sad; (not drunk) divedhow. sleep, I n, cosk (m); II vb, cosca. social, adj, cowethasek. sleepy, adj, sqwith; skith (RLC); hunyek. society, n, cowethas (m or f), cowethasow (pl). sleeve, n, brehel (m), breholow (pl). sock, n, lodrik (m), lodrigow (pl); (leather sock, sleigh, n, draylel (f), draylellow (pl). slipper) pawgen (m), pawgennow (pl), pawgednow slender, adj, moon; tanow; (narrow) ynn; ydn (RLC); (pl, RLC). cul. sofa, n, sofa (m), sofas (pl); gwely dydh (m), gweliow slice, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl). dydh (pl); gwely dedh (m, RLC), gweliow dedh (pl, slide, vb, slynkya. RLC). slightly, adv, bohes; nebes. soft, adj, medhel; (tender) bludh; (of sound) isel. slim, adj, moon; tanow; (narrow) ynn; ydn (RLC); cul. software (computer), n, medhelweyth (m). slip, I n, (undergarment) golesen (f), golesennow (pl), soil, n, gweres (m), gweresow (pl). golesednow (pl, RLC); II vb, slynkya. soldier, n, souder (m), soudoryon (pl), soudrys (pl). slipper, n, pawgen (f), pawgennow (pl), pawgednow sole, I adj, unn; unnik; udn (RLC); udnik (RLC); the sole (pl, RLC). heir, phr, an er unnik; an er udnik (RLC); II n, (foot) slope, n, leder (f), ledrow (m). godhen (m), godhnow (pl); (shoe) goles eskis (m). sloping, adj, ledrek. solution, n, men (m), menys (pl); remedy (m); (of slow, adj, lent; syger. problem) digolm (m), digolmow (pl); (chemistry) slowly, adv, yn lent. tedhans (m). slug, n, melwhen (f), melwhennow (pl), melwhednow solve, vb, digelmy; assoylya. (pl, RLC); (also snail) melwhesen (f), melwhes (coll), some, I adj, nebes; II adv, neb; III prn, re; rann; radn melwhyjen (f, RLC); (small slug) gluthvelwhen (f). (RLC); some of them, phr, rann anedha; radn sly, adj, fel; call. anedhans (RLC); re anedha. small, adj, byhan; bian (RLC). somebody, prn, nebonan. smart, adj, skentel; connyk; codnyk (RLC); (neat) somehow, adv, war neb cor; neb maner; neb fordh. fethus; brav; fin. something, prn, neppy‧th; neppe‧th (RLC). smash, vb, sqwattya. sometime, adv, neppry‧s; neppre‧s (RLC). smell, I n, blas (m); sawor (m), saworyow (pl); (bad) sometimes, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC). fler (m), fleryow (pl); II vb, blasa; (sense) clewes; somewhere, adv, neb tyller; neb teller (RLC); neb le; clowes (RLC); (to give off a bad smell) flerya; neb tu. mosegy. son, n, mab (m), mebyon (pl); grandson, n, mab wynn smelly, adj, flerys; mosek. (m), mebyon wynn (pl); mab wydn (m, RLC), smile, I n, minwharth (m), minwharthow (pl); mebyon wydn (pl, RLC); son-in-law, n, deuv (m), II vb, minwherthin. deuvyon (pl). smith, n, gov (m), govyon (pl). song, n, can (f), canow (pl). smoke, I n, mog (m); II vb, megy; (smoke a pipe) tochya soon, adv, whare‧, scon; yn scon. pib; no smoking, phr, megy difennys; megy difednys sore, I adj, tynn; brew; II n, goli (m), goliow (pl); (RLC). gwennen (f), gwenennow (pl); gwednen (f, RLC), smooth, adj, leven; gwastas. gwenednow (pl, RLC). snack, n, croust (m), croustyow (pl), croustys (pl); sorrow, n, anken (m), ankenyow (pl); keudh (m); tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), tebmyn (pl, duwon (m). RLC). sorry, I adj, moredhek; edrygys; keudhesik; snail, n, bulho‧rn (m), bulhornes (pl); (also slug) II int, diharesow!; be sorry, phr, kemeres duwon; melwhesen (f), melwhejen (f, RLC), melwhes (coll). I am sorry, phr, drog yw genev; edrek a’m beus; snake, n, sarf (f), serf (pl). make sorry, phr, keudhy. snatch, vb, kibya. sort, n, ehen (f); sort (m), sortow (pl); par (m), parow

46 (pl); of that sort, phr, a’n par na. diswul; (a child) gorbesky. sort out, vb, composa. sponge, n, spong (m), spongow (pl). soul n, enev (f), ena (f, RLC), enevow (pl). spoon, n, lo (f), loyow (pl). sound, I n, son (m), sonyow (pl); (noise) tros (m), sport, n, sport (m), sportys (pl), sportow (pl). trosyow (pl); II vb, seny; sowndya. spot, n, (stain) namm (m), nammow (pl); nabm (m, soup, n, cowl (coll); souben (f), soubennow (pl), RLC), nabmow (pl, RLC); (pimple) curiek (m), soubednow (pl, RLC). curiogas (pl), curiegy (pl); (place) tyller (m), sour, adj, trenk. tyleryow (pl); teller (m, RLC), teleryow (pl, RLC). source, n, (of stream) pennfenten (f), pennfentynnyow spouse, n, pries (m), priosow (pl). (pl); pednfenten (f, RLC), pednfentydnyow (pl, RLC); spray, vb, stifella. (derivation) devedhyans (m). spread, vb, lesa. south, n, dyhow (m); soth (m); south-east, n, soth-est spring, I n, (season) gwenton; II vb, (jump) lamma; (m); south-west, n, soth-west (m). lemmel; lebmel (RLC). sow, I n, (female pig) banow (f), ba‧nowes (pl), bynewy square, I adj, pedrek; II n, pedrek (m), pedrogow (pl). (pl); II vb, (seed) hasa. squash, vb, gwasca; sqwattya. space, n, spas (m); efander (m); (astronomy) efanvos squeak, vb, gwihal. (m); space bar (on a keyboard), n, barren spas (f), squeeze, vb, gwasca; strotha; gwrynnya; gwrydnya barennow spas (pl), barednow spas (pl, RLC). (RLC). spaceship, n, sterlester (m), sterlestry (pl). squirrel n, gwiwer (m), gwiweres (pl), gwiwerow (pl). spade, n, pal (f), palyow (pl). stability, n, crefter (m); faster (m). spanner, n, alwhedh know (f), alwhedhow know (pl). stable, I adj, (steady) fast; II n, (for horses) marghty spare, adj, difres; difresek; spar; (thin) cul; tanow; (m), marghtiow (pl). spare part, n phr, spar (m), sparyon (pl). stadium, n, sportva (f), sportvaow (pl). sparrow, n, golvan (m), golvanes (pl). staff, n, (employees) meny (coll); (rod) lorgh (f), sparse, adj, tanow. lorhow (pl); lath (f), lathow (pl). speak, vb, kewsel; cows(el) (RLC); clappya; speak to, stage, n, gwariva (f), gwarivaow (pl). phr, kewsel orth; speak on behalf of, phr, kewsel stain, n, namm (m), nammow (pl); nabm (m, RLC), gans. nabmow (pl, RLC); mosten (f), mostennow (pl), speaker , n, cowser (m), cowsoryon (pl); cowseres (f), mostednow (pl, RLC). cowsoresow (pl); (orator) arethor (m), arethoryon stair, n, gris (m), grisyow (pl); stayr (m), stayrys (pl). (pl). stamp, n, stamp (m), stampys (pl). special, adj, arbennek; arbednek (RLC). stand, I n, sav (m), savow (pl); II vb, sevel; (bear, suffer) specialist, n, arbeniger (m), arbenigoryon (pl). perthy; stand against, phr, sevel orth; stand aside, spectacles, n, goloqwedrow (pl); dewweder (dl). vb, sevel a-denewen; stand out, vb, sevel yn-mes; spectator, n, mirer (m), miroryon (pl). stand up, vb, sevel yn-bann; sevel madn (RLC); I speech, n, (address) areth (f), arethyow (pl); (faculty) can't stand it, phr, ny allav y berthy. cows (m). standard, I adj, savonek; II n, savon (f), savonow (pl); speed, n, scavder (m); tooth (m). (comparison) sqwir (m), sqwirys (pl); n, (flag) baner spell, vb, lytherenna; lytheredna (RLC). (m), baneryow (pl). spend, vb, spena. standpoint, n, savla (m), savleow (pl). spider, n, kevnisen (f), kevnis (coll); kenesen (f, RLC), star, n, steren (f), sterennow (pl), sterednow (pl, RLC), kenes (coll, RLC). ster (coll). spill, vb, scollya. stare, vb, lagatta. spin, vb, troyllya; rosella. starfish, n, pympbys (m), pympbyses (pl); pempbes (m, spinach, n, spinach (m). RLC), pempbeses (pl, RLC). spirit, n, spyrys (m), spyrysyon (pl), spyryjyon (pl, start, I n, (beginning) dalleth (m); II vb, (begin) dalleth. RLC). starve, vb, (die of hunger) merwel dre nown; famya; spit, vb, trewa; trefya (RLC). I’m starving, phr, gwag ov vy. spiteful, adj, spitus. state, n, (condition) studh (m), studhyow (pl); splash, I n, lagyans (m); II vb, lagya; plowghya. (country) gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); (political unit) stat splendid, adj, splann; spladn (RLC); bryntin; brentin (m), statys (pl), statow (pl); (province) rannvro (f), (RLC). rannvroyow (pl). splinter, n, scommyn (m), scommow (pl), scomm statement, n, menegyans (m), menegyansow (pl); (coll); scobmyn (m, RLC), scobmow (pl, RLC), scobm derivas (m). derivasow (pl). (RLC); asclosen (f), asclos (coll). station, n, savla (m), savleow (pl); (bus, train) gorsav split, I n, fals (m), falsyow (pl); II vb, falsa; falja (RLC). (m), gorsavow (pl). spoil, vb, (violate) defolya; (plunder) pylla; (ruin) statue, n, delow (m), delowyow (pl).

47 stay, vb, (wait) gortos; (dwell, live) triga. strict, adj, (resolute) hardh; (restrictive) stroth. steady, adj, fast. strike, vb, (hit) gweskel. steak, n, tregh kig (m), trehow kig (pl). string, n, corden (f), kerdyn (pl). steal, vb, ladra. strip, n, skethen (f), skethennow (pl), skethednow (pl, steam, n, ethen (f), ethennow (pl), ethednow (pl, RLC), RLC). eth (coll). stroke, vb, tava; palva. steel, n, dur (m). strong, adj, crev. steep, adj, serth; crackya conna; crackya codna (RLC). struggle, vb, omdewlel; omdowlel (RLC); omladh; steer, vb, lewa. ombla (RLC); gwynnel. stem, n, ben (m), benyow (pl); garr (f), garrow (pl). stubborn, adj, treus; penn cales; pedn calish (RLC); he’s step, n, (grade) gradh (m), gradhow; (pace) camm (m), stubborn, phr, cales yw y benn. cammow (pl); cabm (m, RLC), cabmow (pl, RLC); student, n, studhyer (m), studhyoryon (pl); studhyores (stair) gris (m), grisyow (pl), grisys (pl). (f), studhyoresow (pl). stick, I n, gwelen (f), gwelynny (pl), gwelydny (pl, study, vb, studhya. RLC), gwel (coll); lath (f), lathow (pl); II vb, glena. stuff, n, daffar (m); devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); sticky, adj, glusek; glujek (RLC). stoff (m). stiff, adj, (inflexible) diwedhyn; (hard) cales; (straight) stuffy, adj, mygyl. serth . stumble, vb, trebuchya. still, adj, cosel. stupid adj, gocky. stillness n, calmynsy (m); calmynjy (m, RLC); cosoleth stupidity, n, gockineth (f). (f). sty, n, crow mogh (m), crowyow mogh (pl). sting, vb, gwana; piga. stylish, adj, herwydh an gis; kelvydh. stink, I n, fler (m), fleryow (pl); II vb, flerya; mosegy. subject, n, (topic) testen (f), testennow (pl), testednow stir, vb, cabooly; gwaya; treloubya. (pl, RLC); mater (m), materow (pl), maters (pl); stitch, I n, gwri (m), gwriow (pl); II vb, gwrias. (academic) devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); (of stocking n, loder (m), lodrow (pl); hosen (f, RLC), monarch) sojet (m), sojets (pl). hosenow (pl, RLC). substance, n, substans (f), substansow (pl); stoff (m). stomach, n, (belly) sagh boos (m), seghyer boos (pl); subtitle, n, istitel (m), istitlow (pl), istitlys (pl). torr (f), torrow (pl). subtract, vb, istenna; kemeres a2. stone, n, men (m), meyn (pl), menow (pl, RLC). succeed, vb, seweny; soweny (RLC); (follow) dos war- stool, n, scavel (f), scavellow (pl). lergh. stop, I n, (for bus, train etc.) gorsav (m), gorsavow (pl); success, n, sewena (f); sowena (f, RLC). hedhas (m); II vb, (intransitive) hedhy; (prevent) such, adj & pron. (like) kepa‧r ha; ave‧l; a’n par na; lettya; sevel orth; stoppya. pana2; pana dybyans!, phr, such an idea! store, n, (storehouse) gwithty (m), gwithtiow (pl); suck, vb, sugna. (shop) shoppa (m), shoppys (pl); gwerthjy (m), sudden, adj, tromm. gwerthjiow (pl). suddenly, adv, distowgh; a-dhesempis. storm, n, hager awel (f), hager awellow (pl); tewedh suffer, vb, perthy; godhevel; godhav. (m), tewedhow (pl). suffering, n, godhevyans (m). story, n, whedhel (m), whedhlow (pl); drolla (m), sufficient, adj, lowr a2, lock. drollys (pl). sugar, I n, sugra (m); shogra (m), con (m, RLC). straight, adj, compes; ewn; straight away, adv, suggest, vb, profya; gorra yn-rag. diwhans; a-dhesempis; distowgh. suit, vb, desedha. strange, adj, astra‧nj; estren; coynt; (unknown) ancoth. suitable, adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC); ’vas; reyth. stranger, n, estren (m), estrenyon (pl). sulk, vb, moutya. straw, n, gwelen gala (f), gwelynny cala (pl), gwelydny sum, n, sommen (f), somennow (pl), somm (coll); cala (pl, RLC), gwel cala (coll); calaven (f), sobmen (f, RLC), somednow (pl, RLC), sobm (coll). calavennow (pl), calavednow (pl, RLC). summer, n, hav (m), hav(y)ow (pl). strawberry, n, sevien (f), sevy (coll). summit n, gwartha (m), gwarthevyon (pl); penn (m), stream, n, gover (m), goverow (pl). pennow (pl); pedn (m, RLC), pednow (pl, RLC); barr street, n, stret (m), stretys (pl), stretow (pl). (m), barrow (pl). strength, n, crefter (m); nerth (m). sun, n, howl (m), howlyow (pl). strengthen, vb, crevhe‧. Sunday n, Sul (m); dy’Sul (m); de’Sul (m, RLC); Sunday stress, n, (tension) tenva (f); (pressure) poos (m); night, n phr, dy’Sul dhe nos. gwask (f); (emphasis) poslev (m), poslevow (pl). sunhat, n, hat howl (m), hattow howl (pl), hattys howl stressful, adj, ankensy; tynn; tydn (RLC); aha‧s. (pl). stretch, vb, tenna; tedna (RLC); ystyn. sunrise, n, howldrehevel (m).

48 sunset, n, howlsedhes (m). systemow (pl). super, int, splann!; marthys da! T, t supermarket, n, gorvarhas (f), gorvarhasow (pl). superstitious, adj, hegol; euvergryjyk. table, n, moos (f), mosow (pl); bord (m, RLC), bordys supper, n, soper; con (f); supper time, phr, prys soper. (pl, RLC); set the table, phr, settya moos. supply, vb, provia. tablecloth, n, lien moos (m), lienyow moos (pl). support, vb, scoodhya; menten(y)a; eyla. tablespoon, n, lo vras (f), loyow bras (pl); lo vroas (f, suppose, vb, desevos; sopposya; tyby; (as) I suppose, RLC), loyow broas (pl, RLC). phr, del dybav; my a’n soppos. tablet, n, pelennik (m), pelednik (m, RLC), pelenigow supposedly, adv, yn tesevek. (pl). sure adj, sur; diogel; yn surredy. table tennis, n, tennis moos (m). surely, adv, sur; yn tiogel. tack, I n, (nail) kentrik (m), kentrigow (pl); II vb, (nail) surf, vb, mordardha. kentra; tackya. surface, n, enep (m), enebow (pl); arenep (m), tadpole, n, pennyn (m), penynnow (pl); pednyn (m, arenebow (pl). RLC), penydnow (pl, RLC). surfboard, n, astel tonnow (f), estyl tonnow (pl); astel tail, n, lost (m), lostow (pl). todnow (f, RLC), estyl todnow (pl, RLC). take, vb, kemeres; (e.g. a drink) cavos; cawas (RLC); surname, n, hanow teylu (m), henwyn teylu (pl). take along with, phr, (bring) dri; drei (RLC); take surprise, I n, marth (m), marthow (pl); I am surprised, care, phr, kemeres with; take care of, phr, gwitha; phr, marth yw genev; yma marth dhymm; II vb, gorra with a2; take that!, int, tann henna! (sg); tadn sowdhanas. hedna! (sg, RLC); tannewgh henna! (pl); tadnowgh surrender, vb, omri‧; ryndra; rendra (RLC). hedna! (pl, RLC); take for granted, phr, aswon gras a survive, vb, treusvewa; durya. dravyth (with neg.); take by surprise, phr, suspect, I adj, gogrysek; II vb, gogrysy; drogdyby; sowdhanas; take after, phr, omhevely dhe2; take off, doutya. phr, (clothes) diwisca; di’sky; (aeroplane) yskynna; suspicion, n, gogrys; dout. ’skydnya (RLC); ascendya; take-off, n, yskynnans suspicious, adj, gogrysus; skeusek; skeujek (RLC); to be (m); ’skydnynans (m, RLC); ascendyans (m); take suspicious, vb phr, gogrysy; bos skeus dhe nebonan over (acquire, claim), phr, perhenegy; it takes (it a neppy‧th; I’m suspicious of her, phr, yma skeus requires), phr, bysy yw; besy ew (RLC); take a rest, dhymm anedhy; ma skeus dhybm anedhy (RLC). phr, powes; take someone, give a lift, phr, gorra swallow, I n, (bird) gwennel (f), gwednel (f, RLC), nebonan. gwenily (pl); II vb, lenky; colenky; c’lonca (RLC). tale n, whedhel (m), whedhlow (pl); drolla (m), drollys swan, n, alargh (m), elergh (pl); swan (m), swans (pl). (pl). swap, vb, keschanjya. talent, n, roas (m), roasow (pl). swear, vb, (take an oath) lia; ti; tei (RLC); (use bad talented, adj, roasek. language) molethy; cossya. talk, I n, cows (m), cowsow (pl); talk!, it’s all talk, phr, sweat, I n, whys (m), whes (m, RLC); II vb, whesa. ass yw gocky dha gows!, nyns yw marnas flows!; sweatshirt, n, crys whys (m), crysyow whys (pl). idle talk, phr, flows (m); II vb, kewsel; cows (RLC); sweep, vb, scuba. clappya; talk together (converse), vb, keskewsel. sweet, I adj, wheg; II n, whegyn (m), whegennow (pl), talcative, adj, tavosek. whegednow (pl, RLC). tall, adj, uhel; hir. swell, vb, whedhy. tallness, n, uhelder (m); hirder (m). swift, adj, uskis; scav. Tamar River, top, Dowr Tamar (m). swim, vb, neyja; neuvya; swimming pool, n, poll tame, adj, dov. neuvya (m), pollow neuvya (pl). tangle, vb, drysa; magly. swimsuit, n, neyjwisk (m); neuvwisk (m); dillas neyja tanker n, (ship) tanker (m), tankeryow (pl); oil tanker, (m). n, tanker oyl (m); tankeryow oyl (pl). swing, I n, lesk lovan (m), lescow lovan (pl); II vb, lesca. tap, n, tap (m), tappys (pl), tappow (pl). switch, I n, sqwychel (f), sqwychellow (pl); II vb, tape, n, tapa (m), tapys (pl); (video, audio) snod (m), sqwychya; sqwychella; switch on, vb, sqwychya yn snodys (pl); tape measure, n, musurel (f), fyw; enowy; switch off, vb, sqwychya yn-mes; musurellow (pl). sqwychya yn farow; ladha. tar, n, tar (m); pyg (m), peg (m, RLC). symbol, n, arwodh (f), arwodhyow (pl). target, n, costen (f), costennow (pl), costednow (pl, sympathy, n, kescolonekter (m); tregeredh (f), truedh RLC). (m). tart, n, tart (m), tartys (pl); tarten (f), tartennow (pl), syringe, n, skitel (f), skitellow (pl). tartednow (pl, RLC). system, n, kevreyth (m), kevreythyow (pl); system (m), task, n, ober (m), oberow (pl); oberen (f), oberennow

49 (pl), oberednow (pl, RLC); rann ober (m), rannow lemmyn (f); amser a-lebmyn (f, RLC); imperfect ober (pl); radn ober (m, RLC), radnow ober (pl, RLC). tense, n phr, amser anperfydh (f); perfect tense, n taste, I n, blas (m); II vb, blasa. phr, amser berfydh (f); pluperfect tense, n phr, tasteless, adj, anvlasus. amser worberfydh (f); future tense, n phr, amser a tasty, adj, sawrek. dheu (f); preterite tense, n phr, amser dremenys (f). tattoo, n, corfliw (m), corfliwyow (pl); tatou‧ (m), tension, n, tynder (m). tatou‧s (pl). tent, n, tylda (m), tyldys (pl), tyldow (pl). tavern, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl); diwotty (m), tenth, ord num, degves; abbr, 10ves. diwottiow (pl). tepid, adj, mygyl. tax, n, toll (f), tollow (pl). terabyte (TB), n, terabayt (m), terabaytys (pl); abbr, TB. taxi, n, taxi (m), taxiow (pl). term, n, (word) ger (m), geryow (pl); (academic) tea, n, te (m); tea-towel, n, qweth te (f), qwethow te termyn (m); (trimester); trymis (m), trymisyow (pl). (pl). terrible, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC). teach vb, dysky; desky (RLC); teach someone, phr, terribly, adv, euthyk; ithik (RLC). dysky dhe2 nebonan. terrify, vb, browehy; euthega. teacher, n, dyscador (m), dyscadoryon (pl); descajor terrified, adj, ownek; diegrys. (m, RLC), descajoryon (mpl, RLC); dyscadores (f), territory, n, tiredh (m), tiredhow (pl). dyscadoresow (pl). terror, n, euth (m); euthekter (m); browagh (m), teaching, n, dyscas (m); descas (m, RLC); (lesson) browahow (pl). dyscans (m). terrorist, n, broweghyas (m), browehysy (pl); team, n, para (m), parys (pl); bagas (m), bagasow (pl), broweghyades (f), broweghyadesow (pl). bagajow (pl, RLC). test, I n, prov (m), provow (pl); apposyans (m); teapot n, pot te (m), pottow te (pl); pottys te (pl, RLC); II vb, prevy; tria; apposya. tebot (m), tebottow (pl). testament, n, testament (m). tear I n, (weeping) dagren (f), dagrow (pl); shed tears, testify, vb, dustunia; desta; testifia. phr, dagrewy; II (rip) vb, sqwardya. testimony, n, dustuny (m), dustuniow (pl). tease, vb, tontya; gul ges a2. text, n, text (m), textow (pl). teaspoon n, lo de (f), loyow te (pl). than, I prp, age‧s; es; II cnj, es del2. teatime, n, prys te (m); pres te (m, RLC). thank, vb, grassa; godhvos gras dhe2; thank you!, phr, technical, adj, teknogel. meur ras dhis!; meurastaji!; gromercy dhis!; Duw re technician, n, teknegydh (m), teknegydhyon (pl). dallo dhywgh whi! (pl); Durda‧ladhewhei! (pl, RLC); technology, n, teknologieth (f); teknegieth (f). thank you for …, phr, meur ras dhis/dhywgh a2... telephone, I n, pellgewsel (f), pellgewsellow (pl); (+noun); meur ras dhis/dhywgh rag (+verb); thank pellgowser (m), pellgowseryow (pl); fon (m), fonys God!, phr, meur ras dhe Dhuw!; dhe Dhuw re bo (pl); II vb, fonya; pellgewsel; telephone number, n, grassys! niver pellgowser (m), niverow pellgowser (pl). that, I dem adj, an ... na; that man, phr, an den na; telescope, I n, pellweler (m), pellweloryow (pl); II prn, henna (m), honna (f); hedna (m, RLC), hodna gweder aspia (m), gwedrow aspia (pl). (f, RLC); (relative) neb a2; a2; that not, na2(g); that television, n, pellwolok (f), pellwologow (pl); te‧ which, phr, an pyth; an peth (RLC) III cnj, y5, yth, levisyon (m, RLC); (colloquial) telly (m); television del2; so that, phr, rag may5; mayth. programme, n, towlen bellwolok (f), towlennow thaw, vb, teudhy; teudha (RLC). pellwolok (pl). the, art, an. {Note: lenites f sg nouns and m pl nouns tell, vb, derivas; (say) leverel; (distinguish) dismygy; referring to persons.} dismygya (RLC); (command) erhy; tell jokes, phr, theatre, n, gwariva (f), gwarivaow (pl); gwarijy (m), gesya; tell off, vb, keredhy; kesky. gwarijiow (m); open-air theatre, n, plen an gwary temper, n, (disposition) gnas (f), gnasow (pl). (m). temperature, n, tempredh (m), tempredhow (pl); theft, n, ladrynsy (m); (individual crime) ladrans (m). (fever) fevyr (m); terthen (f). their, them, poss adj, aga3; ’ga3; aga3 ... i; (aga3) ... anjei‧ tend, vb, (lean toward) stumma tro ha; tuedha; (habit) (RLC); (infixed) ’s. bos usys dhe2; (patient) gwitha. theirs, prn, dhedha; dhedhans; aga re (pl); an peth tender, adj, bludh. anjei‧ (RLC); it’s theirs, phr, i a’n pyw; dhedhans i tendency, n, stummans (m); plegyans (m); (trend) yma‧. tuedh (m), tuedhow (pl). them; see their. ten, card num, deg. themselves, prn, i aga honan; anjei‧ (RLC). tennis, n, tennis (m). then, I adv, ena; y’n eur na; nena; II cnj, ytho‧; dhana. tense, I adj, tynn; tydn (RLC); II n, (of verbs) amser (f), therapy, n, yaghheans (m), yaghheansow (pl); amseryow (pl); present tense, n phr, amser a- sawment (m); dyghtyans (m), dyghtyansow (pl).

50 there, adv, ena; from there, thence adv, alena; to there, thousand, card num, mil2 (f), milyow (pl); a thousand thither adv, dhi; di; there is, vb, yma‧; thereabouts, times, adv, milweyth. adv, a-derdro‧; thereafter, adv, wosa henna; woja thousandfold, adj, milblek. hedna (RLC); thereby, adv, dre henna; der hedna thousandth, ord num, milves; abbr, 1000ves. (RLC); gans henna; gans hedna (RLC); therefore, adv, thread, n, neusen (f), neujen (f, RLC), neus (coll); linen rag henna; rag hedna (RLC); alena; ytho‧. (f), linennow (pl), linednow (pl, RLC). thermometer, n, thermometer (m), thermometers (pl); threat, n, (with words) godros (m), godrosow (pl); tempredhel (f), tempredhellow (pl). (from elsewhere) peryl (m), peryllyow (pl). these, I dem adj, an … ma; II prn, an re ma. threaten, vb, godros; (t. idly) bragya. they, prn, i; jei (RLC); anjei (RLC); (enclitic) i; anjei‧ three, card num, tri3 (m); trei (m, RLC); teyr3 (f); in (RLC). three days time, adv, godrevedh; three times, adv, thick, adj, tew. teyrgweyth; thicken, vb, tewhe‧. threefold, adj, tryflek. thickness, n, tewder. threshold, n, treudhow (m). thief, n, lader (m), ladron (pl); ladres (f), ladresow (pl). throat, n, bryansen (f), bryansennow (pl); branjen (f, thieve, vb, ladra. RLC), branjednow (pl, RLC). thigh, n, mordhos (f), mordhosow (pl), diwvordhos through, prp, dre2, der (before a vowel); dredh (RLC); (dl). a-dreus. thin, I adj, tanow; moon; cul; II vb, thin out, vb, throughout, prp, dre bub rann; dre bub radn (RLC); tanowhe‧. (over all) dres. thing, n, tra (neutr.), taclow (pl), taclennow (pl), throw, I n, towl (m), towlow (pl); II vb, tewlel; towlel taclednow (pl, RLC), traow (pl); (gear) daffar; pyth (RLC); throw away, vb, tewlel dhe-ves; tewlel yn- (m), pythow (pl); peth (m, RLC), pethow (pl, RLC). mes; throw down, vb, disevel; throw up (vomit), vb, think, vb, tyby; predery; (believe) crysy; crejy (RLC); whyja; wheja (RLC). think of, (remember) perthy cov a2; think oneself to thrust, vb, pockya. be, vb, omsynsy. thumb n, meus (m), meusy (pl); bys bras (m), besies thinness, n, tanowder (m). bras (pl); bes broas (m, RLC), besies broas (pl, RLC). third, I comp num, tressa; tryja (RLC); the third day thunder, I n, taran (f), tarennow (pl), tarednow (pl, from now, adv, godrevedh; II n, tressa rann (f), tryja RLC); II vb, tarenna; taredna (RLC). radn (f, RLC); abbr, 3a. Thursday, n, Yow (m); dy’Yow (m); de’Yow (m, RLC); thirdly, adv, tressa; tryja (RLC). Thursday night, n phr, dy’Yow dhe nos. thirst, n, sehes. thus, adv, (like this) yndelma; y’n fordh ma; (like that) thirsty, be thirsty, phr, bos sehes dhe2; I am thirsty, yndella; y’n fordh na. phr, sehes a’m beus; yma sehes dhymm; ma sehes tick, n, (short moment) tecken (f), teckennow (pl), dhybm (RLC). teckednow (pl, RLC). thirteen, card num, tredhek; terdhek (RLC). ticket, n, tokyn, toknys; ticket inspector, n, tokynner thirteenth, comp num, tredhegves; terdhegves (RLC); (m), tokydner (m, RLC), tokynoryon (pl); ticket- abbr, 13ves. office, n, tokynva (f), tokynvaow (pl); ticket thirtieth, comp num, degves warn ugens; abbr, 30ves. machine, n, jynn tokyn (m), jynnow tokyn (pl), thirty, card num, deg warn ugens. jynnys tokyn (pl). this, I dem adj, an ... ma; II prn, hemma (m), homma (f); tickle, vb, debreny; cosa. hebma (m, RLC), hobma (f, RLC); this is ... , phr, tide, n, lanwes mor (m); mortid (m), mortidys (pl); hemm yw ... (m); homm yw ... (f). high tide, n, morlanow (m), morlanowyow (pl); thorn, n, dren (m), dreyn (pl); (bush) spernen (f), lanow (m), lanowyow (pl); low tide, n, trig (m); spern (coll). mordrik (m); neap-tide, n, marvor (m); marowvor thorny, adj, drenek; spernek. (m); spring-tide, n, reverthy (f), reverthiow (pl), thorough, adj, dien; leun. gorlanwes (m), gorlanwesow (pl). thoroughly, adv, yn tien; purra; teg ha glan. tidy, adj, kempen; glanyth; make tidy, tidy up, phr, those, I dem adj, an … na; II prn, an re na; all those who, kempenna; restra. phr, seul a2; kemmys a2; kebmys a2 (RLC). tie I n, colm (m), colmow (pl); (necktie) colm conna though, cnj, kyn5, kynth (before a vowel). (m), colmow conna (pl); colm codna (m, RLC), thought, n, preder (m), prederow (pl); brys (m), colmow codna (pl); II vb, kelmy. brysyow (pl); bres (m, RLC), bresyow (pl, RLC); tiger, n, tiger (m), tigres (pl), tigry (pl). preder (m), prederow (pl); tybyans (m), tybyansow tight adj, tynn; stroth; (drunk) medhow. (pl). tightrope, n, lovan dynn (f), lovanow tynn (pl); lovan thoughtful, adj, prederus. dydn (f, RLC), lovanow tydn (pl, RLC); tightrope thoughtless, adj, dibreder. walker, kerdher lovan (m), kerdhoryon lovan (pl).

51 tights, n pl, tynn(y)ow (pl); hosenow (pl, RLC). toil, I n, lavur (m); lavuryans (m); II vb, lavurya. tile, n, prilehen (f), prilehennow (pl), prilehednow (pl, toilet, n, (lavatory) attesva (f), attesvaow (pl); RLC). privedhyow (pl.); pisva (f), pisvaow (pl); toilet till, I prp, (until) bys; bys yn (with nouns); bys dhe2 paper, n, paper privedhyow (m). (with pronouns); II cnj, bys pan2; bys may5; erna2, tomato, n, aval kerensa (m), avallow kerensa (pl); aval ernag; ynter neb ha; trelebba (RLC); III n, (for kerenja (m, RLC), avallow kerenja (pl, RLC). paying) rekenva (f); IV vb, (work land) gonis. tomorrow, adv, a-vorow; the day after tomorrow, adv, timber, n, tymber (m); (beam) prenn (m), prennyer trenja; tomorrow morning, phr, ternos vyttin. (pl); predn (m, RLC), prednyer (pl, RLC). ton, tonne (metric), n, tonnas (m), tonasow (pl). time I n, termyn (m), termynyow (pl); prys (m), tone, n, ton (m), tonyow (pl); son (m), sonyow (pl). presyow (pl); pres (m, RLC), prejyow (pl, RLC); tongue, n, taves (m), tavas (m), tavosow (pl); mother (occasion) treveth (f), trevethow (pl); (o’clock) eur tongue, n, mammyeth (f), mammyethow (pl); yeth (f), euryow (pl); a very long time, n, hirneth (f); vamm (f), yethow mamm (pl); ’eth vabm (f, RLC), meal-time, n, prys boos (m); pres boos (m, RLC); all ’ethow mabm (pl, RLC). the time, phr, pub eur oll; at all times, phr, pub tonight, adv, haneth; haneth y’n nos; haneth dhe nos. termyn; at any time, phr, neppry‧s; neppre‧s (RLC); too, adv, (also) ynwe‧dh; maga ta; keffry‧s; keffre‧s at the same time, phr, y’n keth termyn (kettermyn); (RLC); (too far, too great etc.) re2; too many, too at this time, phr, yn tor’ ma; it is time to..., phr, prys much, adv, re (a2); too small, phr, re vyhan; re vian yw...; pres ew... (RLC); once upon a time, phr, yn (RLC); too much money, phr, re a vona; too many termyn eus passys; a long time ago, phr, nans yw people, phr, re a dus. pell; what is the time?, phr, py eur yw?; waste time, tool, n, toul (m), toulys (pl). phr, gwibessa. tooth, n, dans (m), dens (pl). timetable, n, euryador (m), euryadoryow (pl); rol toothache, n, drog dans (m), drogow dans (pl); payn dermynyow (f), rolyow termynyow (pl). dens (m), paynys dens (pl). tin, n, (metal) sten (m); (vessel, can) canna (m), cannys toothbrush, n, scubyllen dhens (f), scubylennow dens (pl), cannow (pl); cavas (m), cavasow (pl); tin- (pl); scubylednow dens (pl, RLC). opener, n, ygerel gannys (f), ygerellow cannys (pl). toothpaste, n, dehen dens (m); tos dens (m). tinner, n, (miner) stenor (m), stenoryon (pl); steonres top I n, gwartha (m), gwarthavyow (pl); penn (m), (f), stenoresow (pl). pennow (pl); (lid) gorher (m), gorheryow (pl); on tiny, adj, munys. top, adv, a-wartha. tip, n, (point) toppyn (m), toppynnow (pl), toppydnow topic, n, testen (f), testennow (pl), testednow (pl, RLC). (pl, RLC); (end) bleyn (m), bleynyow (pl); (waste) tor, n, carn (m), carnow (pl). scollva (f), scollvaow (pl); (money) grastal (m), tortoise, n, melwhioges (f), melwhiogesow (pl); cronek grastalyow (pl). ervys (m), cronogow ervys (pl). tire, vb, sqwitha. total, I adj, (whole) cowal; (complete) leun; II n, somm tired adj, sqwith; skith (RLC). (m), sommow (pl); sobm (m, RLC), sobmow (pl, tiresome, adj, sqwithus. RLC); sommen (f), somennow (pl). tiring, adj, sqwithus. totally, adv, yn tien; ettien (RLC). tissue, n, (fabric) gwias (m), gwiasow (pl); (paper touch, I n, toch (m), tochys (pl); (sense) tava (m); in handkerchief) lien paper (m), lienyow paper (pl). touch, phr, yn-dann dava; get in touch with, phr, title, n, titel (m), titlys (pl), titlow (pl). kestava gans; II vb, tava; tochya. to, prp, dhe2; (towards) wor’ tu ha(g); up to, phr, bys; tough, adj, (hard) cales; (pliable) gwedhyn; (rough bys yn; bys dhe2; to the place, adv, (thither) bys di. mannered) smat. toad n, cronek (m), cronoges (pl); cronek du (m); little tour, n, torn (m), tornys (pl), tornow (pl). toad, n, cronegyn (m), cronegynnow (pl), tourism, n, touristieth (f); tornyaseth (f). cronegydnow (pl, RLC). tourist, n, tourist (m), touristys (pl); tornyas (m), toast, n, crasen (f), cras (coll). tornysy (pl); (summer visitor) havyas (m), havysy toasted, adj, cras; cresys. (pl); (derogatory) moryonen (f), moryon (coll). toaster, n, crasel (f), crasellow (pl); crasyor (m), toward(s), prp, war-tu ha(g); tro ha(g). crasyoryon (pl). towel, n, towel (m), towellow (pl); mantel (m), today, adv, hedhyw; today week, phr, an jorna ma war mantylly (pl). seythen (RLC). tower, n, tour (m), touryow (pl). toe, n, bys troos (m), bes troos (m, RLC), besies troos town, n, tre (f), trev (f), trevow (pl); the town council, (pl), besies troos (pl, RLC). n, consel an dre (m); town councillor, n, co‧nseler toffee, n, clyjienn (f), clyjy (coll). a’n dre (m); the town hall, n, hel an dre (f); an together, adv, war-barth; all together, phr, pubonan odyans (m, RLC); in town, phr, y’n dre. war-barth; together with, war-barth ha. townsman, n, burjes (m), burjysy (pl).

52 toy, n, gwariel (f), gwariellow (pl); tegen (f), tegennow troop, n, lu (m), luyow (pl); coscor (pl); meny (coll). (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC); toy-shop, n, gwerthjy trouble, I n, awhe‧r; kedry‧nn (f); kedry‧dn (f, RLC); gwariellow (m), gwerthjiow gwariellow (pl). what’s the trouble with you?, phr, pandr’a wher track, n, (trace) lergh (m), lerghow (pl); ol (m), olow dhis? II vb, serry. (pl); (footstep) kamm (m), kammow (pl); kabm (m, trousers, npl, lavrek (m), lavrogow (pl). RLC), kabmow (pl, RLC). true, adj, gwir. tractor, n, jynn tenna (m), jynnys tenna (pl), jynnow truly, adv, yn tevri‧; devri‧; y’n gwir; dhe wir; yn whir. tenna (pl); traktor (m, RLC), traktors (pl, RLC). trumpet, n, hirgorn (m), hirgern (pl). trade, I n, (commerce) kenwerth (m); trad (m); trunk, n, (tree) ben (m), benyow (pl); (box) cofer (m), (handcraft) creft (f), creftow (pl); trade union, n, cofrow (pl); (animal) tron (m), tronow (pl); (car mysterlu (m), mysterluyow (pl); II vb, kenwertha. boot) trog (m), trogow (pl). tradition, n, hengov (m), hengovyow (pl); tradicyon trust, I n, fydhyans (m); II vb, trestya, (have faith) (m). fydhya; (lend ear, entrust) cola; trust me!, phr, col traditional adj, hengovek; tradicyonal. orthiv! traffic n, daromres (m); traffik (m); traffic lights, n, truth, n, gwiryonedh (m), gwiryonedhow (pl); gwir golowys traffik (pl); traffic jam, n, daromdag (m); (m), gwiryow (pl). tag (m). try, vb, tria; assaya, ’saya (RLC); (in court) prevy; tria. trail, n, lergh (m), lerghow (pl); ol (m), olow (pl). T-shirt, n, crys T (m), crysyow T (pl). trailer, n, draylyer (m), draylyoryon (pl). tub, n, kibel (f), kibellow (pl); keryn (f), kerynyow (pl); train, I n, (railway) tren (m), trenow (pl); train-driver, hot tub, n phr, kibel domm (f), kibellow tomm (pl); n, lewyer trenow (m), lewyoryon drenow (pl); II vb, kibel dobm (f, RLC), kibellow tobm (pl, RLC). dysky; desky (RLC). tube, n, piben (f), pibennow (pl), pibednow (pl, RLC); trainer, n, (teacher) dyscador (m), dyscadoryon (pl); the Tube (London Underground), n, an Bib (f); an (shoe), eskis sport (f), eskisyow sport (pl), ’skijyow Metro (m). sport (pl, RLC). Tuesday, n, Meurth (m); dy’Meurth (m); de’Meurth (m, trait, n, gnasen (f), gnasennow (pl); teythien (f), teythy RLC); Tuesday night, n phr, dy’Meurth dhe nos. (coll). tumbler (glass), n, gwedren (f), gwedrennow (pl), tramp, n, scajyn (m), scajynnow (pl); scajen (m, RLC), gwedrednow (pl, RLC). scajednow (pl, RLC); loselwas (m), loselwesyon (pl). tummy, n, torr (m), torrow (pl). trample, vb, stankya; trettya; pootya. tumult, n, tervans (m). tranquil, adj, cosel. tune, n, ton (m), tonyow (pl); melody (m); ilow (f). transfer, vb, treusperthy; treusworra. tunnel, n, kewfordh (f), kewfordhow (pl); tron (m, translate, vb, treylya. RLC), tronow (pl, RLC). translation, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). turkey, n, yar Gyny (f), yer Gyny (pl). transmission, n, danvonadow (m); treusworrans (m). turmoil, n, tervans (m). transport, I n, treusporth (m), treusporthow (pl); turn I n, (of wheel; in taking turns) tro (f), troyow (pl); caryans (m); II vb, treusperthy. torn (m), tornys (pl); II vb, treylya; turn around, vb, trap, I n, maglen (f), maglennow (pl), maglednow (pl, omdreylya; turn away, vb, treylya dhywo‧rth; turn RLC); II vb, maglenna; magledna (RLC). back, vb, dewheles; turn into, vb, omwul; turn off, travel, vb, viajya; vajya (RLC); (on foot) travalya. vb, (switch) sqwychya yn-mes; sqwychya yn farow; traveller, n, tremenyas (m), tremenysy (pl). ladha; turn on, vb, (switch) sqwychya yn fyw; tray, n, servyour (m), servyours (pl); tallyour (m), enowy. tallyours (pl). TV, n, pellwolok (f), pellwologow (pl); abbr, PW; telly tread, vb, stankya. (m, RLC). treasure, n, tresor (m), tresorys (pl), tresoryow (pl). twelfth, ord num, dewdhegves; abbr, 12ves. treat, vb, dyghtya. twelve, card num, dewdhek, dowdhek (RLC). treatment, n, dyghtyans (m). twentieth, ord num, ugensves; abbr, 20ves. tree, n, gwedhen (f), gwydh (coll), gwedh (coll, RLC). twenty, card num, ugens. tremble, vb, crena; kerna (RLC). twice, adv, diwweyth. trial, n, (test) prov (m), provow (pl); (law) trial (m), twig, n, barren (f), barennow (pl), barednow (pl, RLC). trials (pl); (attempt) assay (m), assays (pl). twilight, n, mo (m). trick, I n, prat (m), prattys (pl); hyg (f), hygow (pl); cast twin, n, gevel (m), gevellyon (pl), gevellas (pl); gevelles (m), castys (pl); II vb, gul prat; hyga; kestya. (f), gevelesow (pl). trip, I n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); (on foot) twist, vb, gwia; (twist lips) camma; cabma (RLC); travel (m), travellys (pl); II vb, (trip up) disevel; stumma; (spin, braid) nedha; (coil) terhy. omdhisevel; trebuchya. two, card num, dew (m), diw (f). trolley, n, carigel (f), carigellow (pl). twofold, adj, dewblek.

53 type I n, (kind) ehen (f), ehennow (pl); II vb, jynnscrifa. unique, adj, unnik; udnik (RLC) dibarow; heb parow. tyre, n, bonden (f), bondennow (pl), bondednow (pl, unit, n, (mathematics) unses (m), (teaching) dyscans RLC). (m). unity, n, unses (m). U, u university, n, pennscol (f), pennscolyow (pl); unive‧rsita (m), unive‧rsites (pl). ugh!, int, ogh! unkind, adj, anwhek; diguv; onkynda; dignas. ugly, adj, hager. {Note: hager stands before the noun it unknown, adj, ancoth. describes.} unlawful, adj, anlahel; erby‧nn an laha; erby‧dn an laha ultimate, cmp, diwettha. (RLC). umbrella, n, glawlen (f), glawlennow (pl), glawlednow unless, cnj. marnas; ma’s. (pl, RLC). unlike adj, dihevelep. un-, prf, an-; di-; dis-; heb. unlikely, adj; diwirhaval; it’s unlikely, phr, scant ny yll unable, adj, diallos; (to speak) omlavar; (to move) stag. bos. unacceptable, adj, ankemeradow; onfytty. unload vb, discarga. unbearable, adj, re vehus; anporthadow. unlock vb, dialwhedha. unbelievable, adj, ancrysadow. unmarried, adj, dibries; andhemedhys; heb pries (RLC). uncertain, adj, ansur; diantel. unnatural, adj, dinatur; warby‧dn kynda (RLC). uncle, n, ewnter (m), ewntres (pl); ownter (m, RLC), unnecessary, adj, heb res. owntres (pl, RLC). unopened, adj, deges; heb y ygery. unconscious, adj, (fainting) clamderek; mes a’y skians; unpack, vb, didrossa. (unaware) diswa‧r. unpleasant, adj, diflas. unconsciously, adv, heb godhvos. unquestionably, adv, heb dout; heb dhout. uncover, vb, discudha. unsafe, adj, diantel. under, I adv, a-woles; II prp, yn-dann2; en-dadn (RLC); unsatisfactory, adj, dilowr; anplegadow. from under, prp, a-dhann2; a-dhadn. unsettle, vb, ancombra. underground, adj, yn-dann dhor; en-dadn dor (RLC); unsuitable, adj, anwiw. London Underground, n phr, an Bib (f); an Metro untidy, adj, ankempen; digempen. untie, vb, digelmy. (m). 2 2 until, till, I prp, bys; bys yn (with nouns); bys dhe underneath, I adv, a-woles; II prp, yn-dann . 2 5 underpants, n pl, islavrek (m), islavrogow (pl); lavrek (with pronouns); II cnj, bys pan ; bys may ; erna2 byhan (m), lavrogow byhan (pl); lavrek nessa (m), (before a consonant); ernag (before a vowel). lavrogow nessa (pl). untruthful, adj, gowek. understand, vb, convedhes; onderstondya. unusual, adj, coynt. understanding, n, (comprehension) convedhes (m); unwell, adj, anyagh; clav; cajek (RLC). (agreement) unverheans (m), unverheansow (pl). unwilling, adj, anvodhek. undertake, vb, omgemeres. up, adv, yn-bann; madn (RLC); war-vann; stand up, phr, undertaking, n, omgemeryans (m), omgemeryansow sa’ bann!; speak up!, phr, cows yn uhel!; what are (pl); charj (m), charjys (pl). you up to?, phr, pandr’es’ta ow cul? pyth es’ta ow underwater, adj, yn-dann dhowr; en-dadn dowr (RLC). cul?; up the street, phr, an stret yn-bann; is she up underwear, n, dillas nessa (m). yet?, phr, usy hi a’y sav whath? undo, vb, (destroy) diswul; (untie) digelmy. upload, vb, ughcarga; charjya. upon, prp, war2; orth; (in oaths) re2; (clothes) a-dro undone, adj, (devastated) diswrys; (untied) digelmys. 2 undress, vb, diwisca; di’sky; omdhi’sky. dhe ; dres; yn kerhyn. uneasy, adj, anes. upright adj, serth; pedrek (RLC); (morally) ewnhynsek. unemployed, adj, diweyth; heb whel. upset, I adj, distemprys; II vb, (turn upside-down) unexpected, adj, tromm; trobm (RLC); anwortys. disevel. unfair, adj, anewn. upside down, adv, war y benn; a-wartha a-woles. unfortunate, adj, truan; anfeusik, anfujik (RLC). upstairs, I adv, war-vann; war-wartha; II n, soler (m), unfortunately, adv, soweth; y’n gwettha prys. soleryow (pl). unfriendly, adj, anwhek; diguv. upward, upwards, adv, war-vann; yn-bann; madn ungrateful, adj, ongrassyes. (RLC). unhappy, adj, trist; moredhek; anfeusik; anfujik (RLC). urban, adj, trevek; trevel. unhealthy, adj, anyagh. urge, n, ynny (m), yniow (pl). unintentional, adj, didowl. urgent, adj, yniadow; ter; it is urgent, phr, res porre‧s union, n, unyans (m), unyansow (pl); kesunyans (m), yw. kesunyansow (pl). urgently, adv, porre‧s.

54 urinate, vb, pisa. veil, n, vayl (f), vaylys (pl); cudhlen (f), cudhlennow urine, n, urin (m); pisas (m). (pl), cudhlednow (pl, RLC). urinal, n, urnel (m), urnels (pl); pisva (f); pisvaow (pl). vein, n, (blood-vessel) gwythien (f), gwythy (coll); us, we prn, ni; nei (RLC); (poss adj) agan, ’gan; (infixed) (stream) gooth (f), gothy (pl); (of tin ore) scorren ’gan, ’n; (emphatic) nyni‧; nei (RLC). (f), scorennow (pl), scorednow (pl, RLC). use, I n, devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); usyans (m); us venture, I n, aventur (m), aventuryow (pl); II vb, (m); II vb, gul devnydh a2; usya. bedha. used, adj, usys, devnydhys; I’m not used to it, phr, nyns Venus, name, Gwener (f). yw usys genev; I used to do it, phr, my a’n gwre. verify, vb, gwirya; gwirhe‧. useful, adj, ’vas; gwerek (RLC); dhe les. vernacular, adj, teythyek; vernacular language, n phr, usefulness, n, les (m); talvosogeth (f). yeth teythyek (f), yethow teythyek (pl). useless, adj, nyns yw vas; ny wra vas. verse, n, gwers (f), gwersyow (pl). user, n, devnydhyer (m), devnydhyoryon (pl); usyer version, n, versyon (m), versyons (pl). (m), usyoryon (pl); user name, n, hanow usyer (m). vertical, adj, plommwedhek; serth. usual, adj, usys; usadow; as usual, phr, del yw usys; very, adv, pur2; fest; very good, phr, pur dha. herwydh usadow. vessel, n, lester (m), lestry (pl). usually, adv, del yw usys. vest, n, vesta (m), vestys (pl); pows nessa (f). utensil, n, lester (m), lestry (pl). vet, veterinary surgeon, n, medhek bestes (m), utter, I adj, dien; cowal; II vb, leverel; lawl (RLC); uttra. medhygyon vestes (pl); milvedhek (m), utterly, adv, glan; heb namm; heb nabm (RLC); yn tien; milvedhygyon (pl). ettien (RLC). via, prp, dre2, der (before vowel). vicar, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl). V, v vicious, adj, hegas. victory, n, trygh (m); viktory (m). vacant, adj, gwag. video, n, gwydhyow (m), gwydhyowyow (pl); vi‧deo vacation, n, termyn gwag (m); dy’gol (m), dy’golyow (m), vi‧deos (pl). (pl); de’gol (m, RLC), de’golyow (pl, RLC). view, n, golok (f), gologow (pl); gwel (m), gwelyow (pl); vacuum, n, gwagva (f), gwagvaow (pl); gwakter (m), vu (m), vuys (pl). gwakteryow (pl); vacuum cleaner, n, scubel sugna vigorous, adj, freth; men. (f), scubellow sugna (pl). village n, trev (f), trevow (pl); treveglos (f), trevow vagabond, n, brybour (m), brybours (pl). eglos (pl), treveglosyow (pl); gwig (f), gwigow (pl). vagina, n, cons (f), consyow (pl). vinegar, n, aysel (m). vague, adj, niwlek. vineyard, n, gwinlan (f), gwinlannow (pl), gwinladnow vain, adj, (fruitless) coog; (full of oneself) omgerensek. (pl, RLC). vale, n, nans (m), nansow (pl). violence, n, garowder (m); freudh (m), freudhow (pl). valid, adj, ewn; a vri. violent, adj, garow; gwyls; freudhek. valley, n, nans (m), nansow (pl); valy (m), valis (pl); violet, I adj, (colour) glasrudh; purpur; II n, (flower) deep wooded valley, n phr, glynn (m), glynnow (pl); melyonen (f), mellyon (coll). glydn (m, RLC), glydnow (pl, RLC); small valley, n violin, n, crowd (m), crowdys (pl); fyll (m), fyllys (pl), phr, golans (m), golansow (pl). fyllow (pl). valuable, adj, a bris; talvosek. virgin, I adj, gwyrgh; II n, gwerhes (f), gwerhesow (pl). value, I n, talvosogeth (f), talvosogethow (pl); (price) virile, adj, gourel. pris (m), prisyow (pl); II vb, talvos; tyly. virtue, n, vertu (f), vertus (pl); ras (m), rasow (pl). van, n, carven (m), carvenow (pl); kertik (m), kertigow virtuous, adj, rasek; rajek (RLC); mas; glan. (pl). vision n, (sense) golok (f); (apparition, imagination) vanish, vb, mos mes a wel; vansya; voydya. gwelesigeth (f), gwelesigethow (pl). various, adj, divers; dyffrans; liesek. visit I n, godrik (m), godrigow (pl); vysytyans (m), vary, vb, treylya; varya. vysytyansow (pl); II vb, godriga; omweles gans; vat, n, keryn (f), kerynyow (pl). visitya. veal, n, kig leugh (m). visitor, n, godriger (m), godrigoryon (pl); godrigores vegetable, n, losowen gegin (f), losow kegin (coll); (f), godrigoresow (pl); vysytyer (m), vysytyoryon lojowen dhebry (f, RLC), lojow debry (coll, RLC). (pl); vysytyores (f), vysytyoresow (pl). vegetarian, n, losoweger (m), losowegoryon (pl); vocabulary, n, gerva (f), gervaow (pl); (list) rester lojoweger (m, RLC), lojowegoryon (pl, RLC); geryow (f). losowegores (f), losowegoresow (pl); lojowegores vocation, n, galwesigeth (f), galwesigethow (pl). (f), lojowegoresow (pl, RLC). voice, n, lev (m), levow (pl). vehicle, n, carr (m), kerry (pl). volcano, n, loskvenydh (m), loskvenydhyow (pl);

55 menydh tan (m), menydhyow tan (pl); mena tan (m, warmth, n, tomder (m). RLC), menedhyow tan (pl, RLC). warn, vb, gwarnya. voluntary, adj, bodhek. warning, n, gwarnyans (m), gwarnyansow (pl). volunteer, n, bodhek (m), bodhogyon (pl). wary, adj, war. vomit, vb, whyja; wheja (RLC). wash, I n, golgh (m); II vb, golhy; wash oneself, vb, vote, I n, raglev (m), raglevow (pl); vota (m), votys (pl); omwolhy; wash up/wash the dishes, vb, golhy an II vb, ragleva; votya. lestry. vowel, n, bogalen (f), bogalennow (pl), bogalednow (pl, washbasin, n, new (f), newyow (pl). RLC). washing, n, golgh (m), golhow (pl); golhas (m), voyage, n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); (sea golhasow (pl); washing machine, n, jynn golhy (m), voyage) trumach (m), trumajys (pl), trumajow (pl). jynnys golhy (pl), jynnow golhy (pl); washing powder, n, lisiw. wasp, n, gohien (f), gohy (coll). W, w waste, adj, wast; difeyth; II n, (rubbish, squandering) scoll (m), scollyon (pl.); atal (coll); III vb, scollya; wage, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl). gwastya. wail, vb, kyny. watch, I n, (vigil) gool (m), golyow (pl); (timepiece) waist n, cres (m). euryor (f), euryoryow (pl); watch (m), watchys (pl); II vb, (look at) mires orth; watch out, phr, warya; waistcoat n, cryspows (f), cryspowsyow (pl). 2 wait, I n, gortos; II vb, (expect) gortos; (anticipate) kemeres with; watch over, phr, gwitha war ; watch gwaytyas; wait in line (US), vb, gul lost, lostya; wait television, phr, mires orth an bellwolok; keep upon, vb, servya; wait a moment!, phr, gorta pols! watch, phr, golya. (sg), gortewgh pols! (pl). water, I n, dowr (m), dowrow (pl); II vb, dowra; waiter, n, servyas (m), servysy (pl), servyjy (pl, RLC). dowrhe‧. waiting room, n, stevel wortos (f), stevelow gortos (pl); waterfall, n, dowrlam (m), dowrlammow (pl), rom gortos (m), romys gortos (pl). dowrlabmow (pl, RLC). waitress, n, servyades (f), servyadesow (pl). wave, n, tonn (f), tonnow (pl), todnow (pl, RLC). wake I, n, (vigil) gool (m), golyow (pl); II, vb, (someone wavelength n, tonnhys (m), tonnhysow (pl). else) difuna; (by oneself) omdhifuna. wax, n, coren (f), cor (coll). Wales, top, Kembra (f). way, n, fordh (f), fordhow (pl); (custom) trad (m); walk, I n, kerdh (m), kerdhow (pl); II vb, kerdhes. (manner) maner (f), manerow (pl); gis (m), gisyow wall, n, fos (f), fosow (pl); party wall, n, paros (m), (pl); geis (m, RLC), geisyow (pl, RLC); on his way out, parosyow (pl). phr, hag ev ow mos yn-mes; in this way, adv, wallet, n, tigen (f), tigennow (pl), tigednow (pl, RLC); yndelma; in that way, phr, yndella; in any way, phr, scryp (m), scryppys (pl). war neb cor; no way!, int, gwra y ankevy! (sg), wallpaper, n, paper fos (m), paperyow fos (pl); paper gwrewgh y ankevy! (pl); gwra y nakevy (sg, RLC), paros (m), paperyow paros (pl). gwrewgh y nakevy (pl, RLC); cammen vyth!; walnut, n, knowen Frynk (f), knofen Frenk (f, RLC), cabmen vyth (RLC). know Frynk (coll). we, prn, ni; nei (RLC); (infixed) ’gan, ’n. (enclitic) ni; wander, vb, gwandra. nei (RLC). want, I n, (need, lack) fowt (m); (desire) whans (m), weak, adj, gwann; gwadn (RLC). whansow (pl); odhom (m), odhommow (pl), weaken, vb, gwannhe‧; gwadnhe‧ (RLC). odhobmow (pl, RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow weakness n, gwander (m). (pl, RMC); II vb, (require) bos fowt dhe2; (desire) bos wealth, n, rychys (pl); pyth (m), pythow (pl); peth (m, whans dhe2 nebonan a2 neppy‧th; (will) mynnes; RLC), pethow (pl, RLC); worldly wealth, n, pythow mednes (RLC); ; I want it, phr, yma whans dhymm an bys (pl); pethow an bes (pl, RLC). anodho; ma whans dhybm anodho (RLC); whans wealthy, adj, rych; golusek. a’m beus anodho. weapon, n, arv (f), arvow (pl). war, n, (armed conflict) cas (f), casow; (dispute) bresel wear, I n, gwisk (m); II vb, gwisca; don; degy (RLC); (f), breselyow (pl); to go to war, vb, bresely; mos wear out, vb, usya. dhe’n gas. weariness, n, sqwithter (m); skithter (RLC). wardrobe n, gwiskty (m), gwisktiow (m); dilasva (f), weary, adj, sqwith; skith (RLC). dilasvaow (m); wardrobe lady, n, mestres dilasow weather, I n, awel (f), awelyow (pl); kewer (f); fine (f), mestresow dilasow (pl). weather, n, kewer vas (f); bad weather, n, hager warehouse, n, gwa‧rajy (m), gwarajiow (pl). awel (f). warm, I adj, tomm; tobm (RLC); II vb, tomma; tobma weave, vb, gwia. (RLC); tommhe‧; tobmhe‧ (RLC). web, n, gwias (m), gwiasow (pl), gwi (f), gwiow (pl);

56 World Wide Web, n, gwi bysefan (f). peseu‧l a2 (RLC). webmaster, n, gwiasvester (m), gwiasvestrysy (pl); wheat, n, gwaneth (coll). gwiasvestres (f), gwiasvestresow (pl). wheel, n, ros (f), rosow (pl). webmail, n, gwiaspost (m), gwiaspostow (pl). wheelchair, n, cador ros (f), cadoryow ros (pl). website, n, gwiasva (f), gwiasvaow (pl). when, I adv, p’eur5; II cnj, pan2; pana dermyn; termyn wedding, n, demedhyans (m), demedhyansow (pl). (RLC); neb. Wednesday n, Merher (m); dy’Merher (m); de’Merher whenever, adv, byth pan2; pesqweyth may5. (m, RLC); Wednesday night, n phr, dy’Merher dhe where, I adv, ple5, pleth (before a vowel); py5, pyth nos. (before a vowel); II cnj, le may5 (before a weed, n, whennen (f), whenn (coll). consonant); le mayth (before a vowel); lebma (RLC); week, n, seythen (f), seythennyow (pl), seythednow py tyller; pe teller (RLC). (pl, RLC). wherever, adv, py le pyna‧g; pe le pena‧g (RLC). weekend, n, penn seythen (m), pennow seythen (pl); wherewithal, n, pygans (m). pedn seythen (m, RLC), pednow seythen (pl, RLC); whether, cnj, bo; po; mar4; mars. pennseythen (f), pennseythennyow (pl); over the which, prn, (interrog.) py; pe (RLC); (of two) pyne‧yl; weekend, phr, dres an Sul; today week, phr, an jorna pene‧yl (RLC); piw a2; that which, phr, an pyth; an ma war seythen. peth (RLC); an dra; (relative particle) a2; (with weekly, I adj, seythennyek; seythednek (RLC); II adv, prepositions) may5. pub seythen; III (publication) n, jornal seythennyek whichever, prn, pyna‧g oll; pena‧g oll (RLC); pyne‧yl; (m), jornals seythennyek (pl); jornal seythednek (m, pene‧yl (RLC). RLC), jornals seythednek (pl, RLC). while, I cnj, hedre‧2; ha(g); II n, pols (m), polj (m); prys weep, vb, ola; dagrewy. (m); pres (m, RLC); tecken (f); a little while ago, adv, weigh, vb, poosa. a-gensow; while I was at school, phr, ha my y’n scol; weight I n, poos (m), posow (pl); poster (m), posterow hedre‧ ven y’n scol. (pl). whim, n, sians (m), siansow (pl). weird, adj, coynt. whisky, n, whysky (m); dowr tomm Alban (m); dowr welcome, I adj, wolcom; welcome to St. Ives, phr, Porth tobm Alban (m, RLC); gwires Alban (m). Ia a’gas dynnergh; yma‧ Porth Ia orth agas whisper, I n, hanas (m), hanasow (pl), hanajow (pl, wolcomma; II n, dynnargh (m); wolcom (m); RLC); whystren (f), whystrennow (pl), whystrednow recevans (m); III vb, wolcomma; wolcobma (RLC); (pl, RLC); II vb, whystra; hanasa; hanaja (RLC). dynerhy. whistle, I n, (sound) whibanans (m); (whiz) whiban well, I adj, yagh; yn poynt da; to get well, phr, gwellhe‧; (m); (instrument) whythel (f), whythellow (pl); I am well, phr, yagh ov; yma‧ ow yehes vy dhymm; whibanowl (f), whibanowlow (pl); II vb, whibana. ma an ’ehes vy dhybm (RLC); yn poynt da ov; II adv, white, I adj, gwynn. yn ta; mas; very well, phr, pur dha; well done!, phr, who, whom, I pers prn, piw; II rel prn, a2; neb a2, pur dha dhis! (sg), pur da dhywgh! (pl); well (perfective) re2. behaved, phr, doth; well known phr, gerys da; III int. whoever, prn, pyna‧g (oll); pena‧g (oll) (RLC); seul. well! whole, I adj, (healthy) yagh; salow; (complete) cowal; Welsh, I adj, Kembrek; II n, (language) Kembrek. dien; (prefixed) cowl-; II n, myns oll (m); mens oll Welshman, n, Kembro (m), Kembrion (pl). (m, RLC); the whole, phr, an … oll; oll an; as a whole, Welshwoman n, Kembres (f), Kembresow (pl). on the whole, phr, dre vras. West, n, west (m); howlsedhes (m); gorlewin (f). wholly, adv, yn tien; oll; (as prefix) cowl-. western, adj, west; a’n west; a’n howlsedhes. whose prn, piw; whose car is this?, phr, piw a byw an wet, I adj, glyb; gleb (RLC); II vb, glybya. carr ma?; dhe biw usy an carr ma? carr piw yw whale, n, morvil (m), morviles (pl). henna?; (relative) he’s the man whose father is in what, I prn, pyth; peth (RLC); pandra; pan2; what is London, phr, ev yw an den mayth usy y das yn that?, phr, pandr’yw henna?; pandr’ew hedna? Loundres. (RLC); pyth yw henna?; peth ew hedna? (RLC); what, why, I adv, prag5; praga5; rag fra (RLC); why are you that which, prn, an pyth; an peth (RLC); now what?, here?, phr, prag yth esos omma?; why aren’t you phr, fatel vydh lemmyn?; fatel vedh lebmyn? (RLC); here?, phr, prag nag esos omma?; why ... not, phr, what’s the matter?, phr, pandr’a wher?; pandr’yw prag na2; why not?, phr, prag le? prag na?; II cnj, rag; an mater?; II adj, py; pe (RLC); pana2; what’s your rag hemma; rag henna; rag hebma (RLC); rag hedna name?, phr, py hanow os ta?; pyth yw dha hanow?; (RLC); that’s why he’s going home, phr, rag henna what a pity!, phr, truedh!; what kind of ...?, phr, yma‧ va ow mos tre; III why! int, dar! pana2...?; what the devil!, phr, piw an jowl!; III int, wicked, adj, drog; tebel. {Note: ‘tebel’ stands before the dar! noun it describes; ‘drog’ can stand before or after the whatever, prn, pyna‧g (oll); pena‧g (RLC); pyseu‧l a2; noun.}

57 wickedness n, drokter (m); drocoleth (m & f). (RLC). wide, adj, ledan; efan; wide awake, adj, pur dhifun. without, prp, heb; a-der; without doubt, phr, heb mar; widen, vb, ledanhe‧. heb dhout; heb dout; without me, prp prn, hebov; widow, n, gwedhwes (f), gwedhwesow (pl). without you, prp prn, hebos (sg); hebowgh (pl); widowed, adj, gwedhow. without him, prp prn, hebdho; without her, prp prn, widower, n, gwedhow (m), gwedhowyon (pl). hebdhy; without us, prp prn, hebon; without them, width, n, les (m); lester (m, RLC). prp prn, hebdha; hebdhans. wife, n, gwreg (f), gwragedh (pl); farmer’s wife, n, witty, adj, didhanus; wharthus; sellys. tioges (f), tiogesow (pl). wizard, n, pystrier (m), pystrioryon (pl). wild, adj, gwyls; goodh; wild animal, n, godhvil (m), woe, n, gew (m), gewow (pl); woe is me!, int, go vy! godhviles. wolf, n, bleydh (m), bleydhes (pl). will, I n, bolonjedh (m), bolonjedhow; bodh (m); woman, n, benyn (f), benenes (pl). (testament) kemynscrif (m), kemynscrif (m, RLC), wonder, I n, marth (m), marthow (pl); aneth (m), kemynscrifow (pl); II vb, mynnes; mednes (RLC); anethow (pl); II vb, I wonder, phr, (have doubt) yma‧ I will go home, phr, my a vynn mos tre; my a vedn dout dhymm na vo gwir; (surprised) marth a’m mos tre (RLC); do what you will, phr, gwra kepa‧r beus; marth yw genev; I wonder at them, phr, marth del vynny. a’m beus anedha; yma‧ marth dhymm anedha; ma willing, adj, bodhek; if you are willing, phr, mars yw marth dhybm anedha (RLC). dha vodh. wonderful, adj, marthys; barthek (RLC). willow, n, helygen (f), helyk (coll). wood, n, (forest) coos (m), cosow (pl); (material) prenn win, vb, gwaynya. (m), prennyer (pl); predn (m, RLC), prednyer (pl, winch, n, gwyns (f), gwynsys (pl). RLC). wind, I n, gwyns (m), gwynsow (pl); break wind, phr, wooden, adj, prenn; predn (RLC); a brenn; a bredn bramma; brabma (RLC); wind farm, wind park, n, (RLC). park gwyns (m), parcow gwyns (pl); tredanva wyns wool, n, gwlan (coll); gwloan (coll, RLC). (f), tredanvaow gwyns (pl); II vb, treylya; stumma. word, n, ger (m), geryow (pl); in other words, phr, war windmill, n, melin wyns (f), melinyow gwyns (pl), eryow erel; henn yw dhe leverel; by word of mouth, melidnyow gwyns (pl, RLC). phr, war anow. window n, fe‧nester (f), fe‧nestry (pl); beister (f, RLC), work, I n, ober (m), oberow (pl); whel (m), whelyow beistry (pl, RLC). (pl); (labour) lavur (m); work-day, working day, n, windsurfing, n, astelwolyans (m); go windsurfing, vb, gweyth (m), gweythyow (pl); II vb, lavurya; obery; astelwolya. set to work, phr, gweytha. windy adj, gwynsek; gwynjek (RLC). workbench, n, bynk (f), bynkyow (pl); benk (f, RLC), wine, n, gwin (m), gwinow (pl); red wine, n, gwin rudh benkys (pl, RLC). (m); white wine, n, gwin gwynn; gwin gwydn (RLC). worker, n, gweythor (m), gweythoryon (pl); oberer wing, n, askel (f), eskelly (pl). (m), oberoryon (pl); oberores (f), oberoresow (pl). winter, n, gwav (m), gwoav (m, RLC), gwavow (pl); all workman, n, oberwas (m), oberwesyon (m); gwas whel winter, phr, dres an gwav; in winter, phr, y’n gwav. (m), gwesyon whel (pl); gweythor (m), wipe, vb, seha. gweythoryon (pl). wire, n, gwivren (f), gwiver (coll), gwivrow (pl). world, n, bys (m), bysow (pl); bes (m, RLC), besow (pl, wisdom, n, furneth (m); skians (m), skiansow (pl). RLC); all over the world; worldwide phr, dres oll an wise, adj, fur; connyk; codnyk (RLC); skentel; skiansek. bys; the world, phr, an bys; an nor; an norvys. wish, I n, whans (m); bolonjedh (m); bodh (m); II vb, worm, n, pryv (m), pryves (pl), prevyon (pl); mynnes; mednes (RLC); I wish to, phr, yma‧ whans (earthworm) bulugen (f), buluk (coll). dhymm a2; ma whans dhybm a2 (RLC). worry, I n, preder (m), prederow (pl); II vb, serry; ania; wits, pl n, connyk (m); codnyk (m, RLC); skians (m); out ’nia; (someone) grevya; duwenhe‧; don’t worry!, na of his wits, phr, mes a’y skians. vydh aniys! (sg), na vedhewgh aniys! (pl); I’m witty, adj, didha‧n. worried about him, phr, grevys ragdho ov; I’m with, prp, gans; gen (RLC) {Note: in RLC, gen is used worried, phr, (afraid) yma‧ own dhymm; ma own before consonants and gans before vowels and h}; along dhybm (RLC). with, phr, a-barth dhe2; with me, prp prn, genev; worse, cmp, gweth; lakka. gena’ma (RLC); with you, prp prn, genes (sg); worsen, vb, gwethhe‧. genowgh (pl); with him, prp prn, ganso; ganjo (RLC); worship, I n, golohas (m); II vb, gordhya. with her, prp prn, gensy; with us, prp prn, genen; worst, adj sup, gwettha; lakka. with them, prp prn, gansa; gansans; ganjans (RLC). worth, I adj, talvedhys; it isn’t worth much ny dal within, I prp, a-ji dhe2; a-jei (RLC); yn; a-berth yn; (of nameu‧r; it is not worth anything at all, phr, ny dal time) kyns penn; kens pedn (RLC); II adv, a-ji; a-jei mann; ny dal oy; II n, talvosogeth (f); pris (m); III to

58 be worth, vb phr, talvesa. yesterday morning, adv, de vyttin. worthless, adj, coog; raff. yet, adv, whath. worthy adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC); wordhy. yield, vb, (give way) plegya. wound, I n, goli (m), goliow (pl); (injury) brew (m), yoghurt, n, yogort (m), yogortys (pl), yogortow (pl). brewyon (pl); II vb, golia; brewy; browi (RLC). yolk, n, melyn oy (m), melenyow oy (pl). wrap, vb, wrappya; maylya. yonder, I adj, enos; nos; II adv, yn hons; enos. wreck, n, gwreck (m), gwreckys (pl). you, prn, (sg) ty; che (RLC); (pl), whi; whei (RLC); wrestle, vb, omdewlel; omdowlel (RLC). (enclitic, sg) jy; ta; (enclitic, pl) whi; whei (RLC); wrestling, n, (sport) omdowl. (infixed, sg) ’th5; (infixed, pl) ’gas. wretched, adj, truan; trogh; (unlucky) anfeusik; anfujik young, adj, yowynk; yonk (RLC); when I was young, (RLC); (hateful) hegas. phr, ha my yowynk; pan en vy maw (m); pan en vy wring, vb, strotha; gwrynnya; gwrydnya (RLC). mowes (f). wrist, n, conna bregh (m), codna bregh (m, RLC), your, prn (poss adj), (sg), dha2; (pl), agas, ’gas; (infixed, conaow bregh (pl), dewgonna bregh (dl), dewgodna sg), ’th5; (infixed, pl), ’gas; ’s. bregh (dl, RLC). yourself, prn, dha honan; che dha honan (RLC). write, vb, scrifa. yourselves, prn, agas honan; ’gas honan (RLC). writing, n, scrif (m), scrifow (pl). youth n, (young age) yowynkneth (f); (young man) den wrong, I adj, (incorrect) camm; cabm (RLC); (mistaken) yowynk (m); (young person) yonker (m), yowynkes cammgemerys; miskemerys (RLC); (bad) drog; II n, (pl); (young woman) benyn yowynk; (young people) drocoleth (m & f); camm (m), cammow (pl); cabm tus yowynk (pl); youth hostel, n, ostel yowynkneth (m, RLC), cabmow (pl, RLC); III vb, gul camm erby‧ (f); youth club, n, cowethas yowynkneth (m or f). nn; gwul cabm warby‧dn (RLC); dregynna. Z, z X, x zebra, n, zebra (m), zebras (pl); zebra crossing, n, treusva labol (f). X-ray, I n, dewyn X (m), dewynnow X (pl), dewydnow zenith, n, uhelder ebron (m); ughboynt (pl). X (pl): golowyn X (m), golowynnow X (pl), zero, num, mann (m); tra (f, RLC). golowydnow X (pl); X-ray photograph, n, skeusen zip, n, zyp (m), zyppys (pl). dhewyn X (f), skeusennow dewyn X (pl), zodiac, n, stergylgh (m), stergylghyow (pl); zodiak (m). skeusednow dewyn X (pl, RLC); II vb, X-dewynya. zombie, n, zombi (m), zombis (pl). zone, n, qwartron (m), qwartronys (pl); parth (f), Y, y parthow (pl). zoo, n, milva (f), milvaow (pl). yacht, n, lester gwary (m), lestry gwary (pl). yard, n, (measure) lath (f), lathow (pl); half a yard, n, kevelin (m), kevelinyow (pl); (enclosure) lann (f), lannow (pl); ladn (f, RLC), ladnow (pl, RLC); garth (m), garthow (pl). yawn, vb, deleva; dianowy. year, n, bledhen (f), bledhynnyow (pl); bledhydnyow (pl, RLC); years of age, phr, bloodh (m); before the year is out, phr, kyns penn bledhen; kens pedn bledhen (RLC); last year, adv, warlena; warleny; this year, adv, hevlena; hevleny; next year, phr, an vledhen a dheu; all the year round, phr, dres oll an vledhen. yell, I n, garm (f), garmow (pl); us (m), usow (pl); uj (m, RLC), ujow (pl, RLC); II vb, garma; usa; uja (RLC); cria. yellow, adj, melyn. yes, int, ya; ea (RLC); yes, certainly!, phr, dhe wir!; en tei (RLC). {Note: In RMC, ‘yes’ as an answer to yes/no questions is usually expressed by repeating the verb in the question.} yesterday, adv, de; day before yesterday, adv, dygynsete‧; yesterday evening, adv, nyhewer;

59