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A Study of the Factors Those Influence the Choice of Reality TV Show Based on the Psychological Desires Fulfilled INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION, LEADERSHIP, SOCIETY, AND SUSTAINABILITY eISSN: XXXX-XXXX Vol I, Issue 1, Jan 2021 DOI : A Study of The Factors Those Influence the Choice of Reality TV Show Based on The Psychological Desires Fulfilled Mr. Hemant Atre, Research Scholar, & Dr. Deepak Tilak, Vice Chancellor, Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune. Corresponding Author Email id: [email protected] Abstract Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak (23 July 1856- 1 August 1920) was the fearless icon of the independence movement. He was the harbinger of India’s mass upsurge. He strongly believed that the failure of the 1857 Independence movement was because it could not garner adequate public support. The then politics in India was driven by few English-educated people based on European ideals, with no roots with the masses. Lokmanya brought awareness about the oppression by the Britishers to the masses. He was often called the “Awakener of India” and “Father of Indian Unrest” by the Britishers. But his path followed through being the “Father of Indian Consciousness.” This awakening was carried out by making use of all existing methods of mass communications including public celebrations and discourses, public speeches, Newspapers, and educational institutions etc. Lokmanya was a great charismatic leader who touched the “Nerve of the masses” and channelized their opinions towards Independence. In modern times, Television, which was invented in 1926 has an unmatched popularity towards being a mass broadcaster. Initially, looked at as a means of transferring information and education to the masses, it soon became an entertainment provider due to its wide reach. As the daily soaps became repetitive, monotonous and common, people lost the interest in watching the same serials with similar story lines and content. Reality TV shows replaced these daily soaps and soon gained large scale popularity. As these shows started attracting more and more audiences, the channels started making different shows based on different subgenres. Today, the audiences have more options even while watching Reality TV shows. Indian TV, though being introduced on a national scale as recently as in 1982, underwent all the alterations very fast and caught up with the modern broadcasts. The Indian audience also has a wide choice of Reality TV shows to choose from. 7 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION, LEADERSHIP, SOCIETY, AND SUSTAINABILITY eISSN: XXXX-XXXX Vol I, Issue 1, Jan 2021 DOI : ARISTOTLE, the Greek Philosopher, (384-322 BC) had opined that the deepest instincts of a human being were to learn and to feel pleasure. He related that any action of a person was with the desired end results which the person intended to achieve. Furthering this theory, Prof. (Dr.) STEVEN REISS, while putting together other different existing philosophies about human nature, brought out his „16 Basic Desires Theory‟- the theory behind why an individual takes a particular action. In this theory, Prof. (Dr.) STEVEN REISS propagated that there are 16 essential needs and values which drives the motives behind a human being. The Paper is an attempt to relate chosen 14 desires of the 16 Basic Desires Theory propagated by Prof. (Dr.) STEVEN REISS. The study is an effort to understand what motivates an audience to choose any particular Reality TV show and relate the choice with the psychological desires of the audience fulfilled by the show and touch the “Nerves of the Masses”. The audience may watch more than one Reality TV show as well as his selection of any Reality TV show may be driven by a combination of psychological desires. The 14 desires which were selected were the Desire to Influence (Power), the Desire for Knowledge (Curiosity), the Desire for Status (Prestige & Attention), the Desire for Companionship (Social Contact), the Desire to Win (Vengeance), the Desire to Family, the Desire to a Social Morale Code (Honour), the Desire to Improve Society (Idealism), the Desire for Sex/Romance, the Desire for Inner Peace (Tranquillity) and the Desire for Saving (Collect). The Reality TV shows were chosen based on their popularity ratings. In order to arrive at the findings, a survey of 112 TV audiences was carried out in the city of Pune as the required data relates to opinions, attitudes, beliefs and feelings of the respondents. The appropriate tool for collection of primary data considered to be Questionnaires. The data collected through the data was analysed and to arrive at the factors which affect the choice of audiences amongst different age groups. The analysis conveyed the popularity of the different Reality TV shows amongst audiences of different age groups. The findings were juxtaposed with Prof. (Dr.) Steven Reiss’s „16 Basic Desires Theory‟. This brought out the psychological desires which influence the choice of Reality TV shows by a certain segment of people based upon their age group. The desires exhibited by the audiences can help structuring of new programs or to reconstruct existing Reality TV shows to enhance their viewership. The analysis of the desires exhibited by the audience can also help selection of time slots for broadcasts of such Reality TV shows and also to the manufacturers to choose the shows and time slots to advertise their products. The ibid study can also be replicated in other regions to understand the factors that influence the desires of the local population and popularity of vernacular programs. A short survey was conducted on the sample audience of Pune without differentiating the population based on the gender, education etc. Further studies can bring out the factors which influence the choice of Reality TV programs based upon these segments. Keywords: Reality TV Show, Entertainment, Mass Communication, Prof (Dr) Steven Reiss, 16 Basic Desires Theory, Psychological Desires Introduction Television was introduced to the world by Mr John Loggie Baird, a Scottish Engineer, on 26 January 1926. Phillo Taylor Fransworth, an American, introduced its „all-electronic‟ brother on 7 8 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION, LEADERSHIP, SOCIETY, AND SUSTAINABILITY eISSN: XXXX-XXXX Vol I, Issue 1, Jan 2021 DOI : September 1927. Telephones, invented by Graham Bell, Radio invented by Guglielmo Marconi and the Television changed the way Information was communicated, their technologies when combined changed the entire concept of Communications. It was soon exploited for Commercial means. With a total of 1.67 billion pay TV households across the world, Television can prove its omnipresence across the world.1 In India, Television was introduced on 15 Sept 1959 on a trial basis only within Delhi. In 1965, daily regular transmissions were started by Doordarshan but again within Delhi region. National Telecast was introduced only in 1982 along with introduction of Coloured TV with Government controlled Doordarshan as the only channel available. In 1992 with the opening of the economy, more private entertainment channels started transmissions of different programs. Though late in its entry, the Indian television underwent the morphisms faster to compete with the world standards in its audio-visual contents. Television was initially dubbed as a device for transferring education to the masses, but its entertainment value soon overtook its use for spreading education. The high demand of entertainment and information was fulfilled by the rise in the number of channels broadcasting more and more shows and serials to cater for different tastes of consumers. As the entertainment started becoming repetitive, mostly being developed on the same platforms of storylines, plots and societal problems they got type casted. The audience's views about the News channels that “unrestricted freedom of telecast misleads the public to confusion.” (Tilak and Tilak (2019)2, could also be applicable to other programs. This lowered the viewership which pinched the producers and the broadcasters. This set them to find new types of programs to keep their audience intact / attract more audiences. The channels found “Reality Television” (Reality TV) a novel meant to satisfy their cause. The audience believed that they could identify with real people undergoing real-life situations and monitored their emotions and behaviour. In many shows, they could also express their opinions thereof. Almost all TV channels started broadcasting Reality TV shows. The audiences‟ attraction to shows involving kings, princes and serfs displaying their talents and strengths goes time immemorial, the shows being further spiced by commentators‟ perky comments increase the drama and the entertainment-quotient. Modern technology has only shifted the viewer's‟ curiosity. The change of audience tastes changed the type of programs. Different spectrum of audience liked different types of Reality TV programs and the producers designed their programs to suit these tastes. Every channel makes use of this media of mass communication and broadcasts their own Reality TV show which confirms their image, segment and reputation. The producers are careful about the choice of their segment and also the sub-genre of the Reality TV they want to broadcast. Many of the Reality TV shows which were popular abroad were repacked up to the Indian standards and were introduced to the Indian audiences. Many broadcasting channels either imitated shows from other channels or those being broadcasted in other countries to boost the channel popularity further. Literature Review Definition. The definition of Reality TV changed as per times and as per scholars
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